Prosesing data MT mengguanakn MaprosFull description
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Descripción: Van Halen - Eruption
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ASTROLOGY
map
Glossary *1 Dormant - condition of volcanoes that is not active but can be active again *2 Mercalli scale – a scale for expressing strength of an earthquake ranging from I to XII 3
* Seismographs -an instrument that measures and records details of earthquakes 4
* Lahars -a destructive mudflow on the slopes of a volcano
Bibliography Pictures showing before and after the eruption Before
after
Text book "Pinatubo, Mount." Answers.com. 2008. 3 Mar. 2008 . Utts, Thomas C. "EVAC TO SUBIC." Clark Air Base Scrapbook. 2001. 3 Mar. 2008 .
before, during and after the eruption
the diagram showing what was happening when Mt. Pinatubo
before Before Mount Pinatubo erupted, the area around it was rich in farmland. About 30 000 people were living in small villages and were farming rich soils on the slopes of the volcano. More than 250 000 people were living in Angeles City 25 km to the east of Mt. Pinatubo. Most Philippinos were not worried about the volcano since it had been dormant* 1 for more than 600 years. However on the 16th of July 1990 there was an earthquake of about 8 on the Mercalli* 3 scale. The following year in the middle of March, vil lagers started to feel weak earthquakes frequently. Clark Air Base (refer to map) received warning from the seismographs* and they evacuated about 14,000 people. 2
mt. Pinatubo before the eruption
during
after
On the 12th of June, the first eruption started. There was a deep rumbling boom. Dark clouds appeared and cold wind blew. The sun disappeared and ash began to fall from the sky. When the cloud went away, there was 2cm of ash on the ground. The same thing occurred on 13 th and 14th of June. Everyone was terrified. By Saturday 15 June, the ground was covered with 5 to 6cm of ash. Around 9 a.m., a huge rumble happened. At 9.30, over 125,000 km2 around the volcano was covered with cloud from the eruption and it was midnight dark. Unfortunately, a violent Typhoon, Yunya, passed 75 km north of the volcano at the same time and rain mixed with ash and mud fell from the sky. Also rocks rained down. Water supplies and power lines were damaged so water, electricity and telephones all failed. Mt. Pinatubo released 20 million tons of sulphur dioxide, a poisonous gas. Soon the earthquakes began. They call that day ‘Black Saturday’.
The last eruption happened on the 15 th of June. They had caused incredible destruction. More than 1.2 million people were affected and killed over 700 and injured 184. 50,000 became homeless and 650,000 workers were out of work. Houses were buried in ash and many buildings had collapsed from the weight of the ash. Mud, trees and vehicles blocked roads. About 4000 km2 of farmland were turned into wasteland by lahars* . In Manila (refer to the map) the Internationall Airport was closed for 4 days for Internationa the ash in the air interrupted air trafiv. trafiv. Public buildings were made into evacuation centers to house refugees. 7 years after the eruption, the area started to recover.. Wild animals started returning to the recover slopes of Mt. Pinatubo. Also in Angeles City, City, the tourism industry came to fashion. 4
