Designation: A376/A376M − 14
Used in USDOE-N USDOE-NE E standa standards rds
Standard Specification for
Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation A376/A376M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
A262 Practices for Detectin A262 Practices Detecting g Suscep Susceptibility tibility to Inter Intergranu granular lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels A999/A999M S A999/A999M Spec pecific ificatio ation n for Gen Genera erall Req Requir uireme ements nts for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe E112 Test E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size E213 Pra Practic cticee for Ultr Ultraso asonic nic Testi esting ng of Met Metal al Pip Pipee and Tubing E381 Met Method hod of Mac Macroe roetch tch Testi esting ng Ste Steel el Bar Bars, s, Bill Billets, ets, Blooms, and Forgings E426 Practice E426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Titanium, Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys 2.2 Other Standards: SNT-TC-1A Per Person sonnel nel Qua Qualifi lificati cation on and Cert Certifica ificatio tion n in 4 Nondestructive Testing
1. Sco Scope* pe* 1.1 This specificatio specification n2 cover coverss seamles seamlesss austen austenitic itic steel pipe intende inte nded d for hig high-t h-temp empera eratur turee ser servic vice. e. Amo Among ng the gra grades des covered are H grades and nitrogen grades that are specifically intended for high-temperature service. NOTE 1—This specification was originally developed for use for piping in the cen centra trall sta statio tions ns of elec electri tric-p c-powe owerr gen genera erating ting the therma rmall pla plants nts.. However, its use is not restricted to such applications and it may be used in other applications for which the attributes of the materials, as defined by this specification, are appropriate.
1.2 Optio Optional nal supplementary supplementary requirements requirements (S1 throu through gh S10) are provided. These supplementary requirements specify additional tests that will be made only when stated in the order, together with the number of such tests required. 1.3 Grades TP321 and and TP321H have have lower strength requirements for nom ments nomina inall wal walll thi thickn ckness esses es gre greater ater tha than n 3 ⁄ 8 in. [9. [9.5 5 mm].
3. Orde Ordering ring Informatio Information n 3.1 Order Orderss for material to this specification specification should include include the fol follow lowing ing,, as req requir uired ed to des describ cribee the des desire ired d mate materia riall adequately: 3.1.1 Quant Quantity ity (feet, centimetres, centimetres, or numb number er of length lengths), s), 3.1.2 Name of material (seamless (seamless austenitic steel pipe), 3.1.3 Grade (Table 1) 1), 3.1.4 Size (nominal (nominal size, or outsid outsidee diameter and schedule number or average wall thickness), 3.1.5 Length Lengthss (spec (specific ific or rando random), m), (Perm (Permissible issible Variatio Variations ns in Length Section of Specification A999/A999M A999/A999M)), 3.1. 3. 1.6 6 End fin finish ish (E (End ndss Se Secti ction on of Sp Speci ecific ficati ation on A999/ A999M), A999M ), 3.1.7 Optional requi requirement rementss (Sectio (Section n 8) (se (seee Hyd Hydros rostati taticc Test Requir Requirements ements Section and the Permiss Permissible ible Variation Variation in Weig eight ht for Sea Seamles mlesss Pip Pipee Sec Section tion for weig weighin hing g ind indivi ividua duall lengths, of Specification A999/A999M Specification A999/A999M), ), (see 9.6 (see 9.6,, repairing by welding; 13.3 welding; 13.3,, die stamping), 3.1.8 Test report required (Certification (Certification Section of Specifi Specifi-cation A999/A999M cation A999/A999M), ), 3.1.9 Specifi Specification cation designation, designation, and 3.1.10 3.1.1 0 Specia Speciall requi requirement rementss or any supp supplementa lementary ry requirements selected, or both.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-poun inch-pound d units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI un units its ar aree sh show own n in br brac acke kets ts.. Th Thee va valu lues es st state ated d in eac each h system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall sha ll be use used d ind indepe epende ndentl ntly y of the oth other er.. Com Combin bining ing val values ues from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standar stan dard. d. The inc inch-p h-poun ound d uni units ts sha shall ll app apply ly unl unless ess the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. NOTE 2—The dimensionless designators NPS (nominal pipe size) and DN (Diametre Nominel) have been substituted in this standard for such traditional traditi onal terms as “nomi “nominal nal diame diameter, ter,”” “size, “size,”” and “nom “nominal inal size. size.””
2. Referenc Referenced ed Documents Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 3
1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 A01 on on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A376/A376M–13. DOI: 10.1520/A0376_A0376M-14. 2 For ASME Boile Boilerr and Pres Pressure sure Vessel Vessel Code appli application cationss see relat related ed Speci Specifification SA-376 in Section II of that Code. 3 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at
[email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
A376/A376M − 14 TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements Grade TP304 TP304H TP304N TP304LN TP316 TP316H TP316N TP316LN TP321 TP321H TP347 TP347H TP34 TP 347L 7LN N TP348H TP348H 16-8-2H ... ... ... ...
UNS Designation
Composition,%A Carbon
Ma n ganese
Phosphorus
S 30 40 0 0 .0 8 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S30409 0. 0 .0 4 – 0 .1 0 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 30 4 51 0 .0 8 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 30 4 53 0 .0 3 5 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 31 60 0 0 .0 8 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 3 1 6 0 9 0 .0 4 – 0 .1 0 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 31 6 51 0 .0 8 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 31 6 53 0 .0 3 5 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 32 10 0 0 .0 8 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S32109 0 .0 .04–0.10 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 34 70 0 0 .0 8 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 3 4 7 0 9 0 .0 4 – 0 .1 0 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S347 S3 4751 51 0.00 0. 00552 .0 0 0. 04 5 0.020 S 34 80 0 0. 08 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S34809 0 .0 .04–0.10 2 .0 0 0 .0 4 5 S 1 6 8 0 0 0 .0 5 – 0 .1 0 2. 00 0. 04 5 S 3 17 2 5 0. 03 0 2 .0 0 0. 04 5 S 3 17 2 6 0. 03 0 2 .0 0 0. 04 5 S 3 45 6 5 0. 03 0 5 .0 – 7 . 0 0. 03 0 S 3 12 6 6 0. 03 0 2.00–4.00 0. 0 .0 3 5
Sulfur
Silicon
Nick Ni ckel el
Chro Ch romi mium um
Moly Mo lybbdenum
Titanium
Columbium
Tantalum
NitrogenB
Others
0. 03 0 0 .0 3 0 0 .0 3 0 0 .0 3 0 0. 03 0 0 .0 3 0 0 .0 3 0 0 .0 3 0 0. 03 0 0 .0 3 0 0. 03 0 0 .0 3 0 0. 03 0
0 .7 5 0 .7 5 0. 75 0 .7 5 0 .7 5 0 .7 5 0. 75 0 .7 5 0 .7 5 0 .7 5 0 .7 5 0 .7 5 1 .0 0
8.0–11.0 8.0–11.0 8.0–11.0 8.0–11.0 11.0–14.0 11.0–14.0 11.0–14.0 11.0–14.0 9 .0 – 1 3 .0 9 . 0 – 1 3 .0 9 .0 – 1 3 .0 9 . 0 – 1 3 .0 9 . 0 – 1 3 .0
1 8 .0 – 2 0 .0 1 8 .0 – 2 0 . 0 1 8 .0 – 2 0 .0 1 8. 0– 2 0. 0 1 6. 0– 1 8. 0 1 6 .0 – 1 8 . 0 1 6 .0 – 1 8 .0 1 6 . 0 – 1 8 .0 1 7 .0 – 1 9 .0 1 7 .0 – 1 9 . 0 1 7 .0 – 1 9 .0 1 7 .0 – 1 9 . 0 1 7. 0– 1 9. 0
... ... ... ... 2 .0 0 – 3 .0 0 2 .0 0 – 3 . 0 0 2 .0 0 – 3 .0 0 2 .0 0 – 3 .0 0 ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... 0 .1 0 – 0 . 1 6 0 .1 0 – 0 .1 6 ... ... 0. 10 – 0. 16 0 .1 0 – 0 .1 6 ... ... ... ... 0 .0 6 – 0 .1 0
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
0. 03 0 0 .0 3 0 0 .0 3 0 0. 03 0 0. 03 0 0. 01 0 0. 02 0
0 .7 5 1 .0 0 0. 75 0. 75 0. 75 1 .0 1 .0 0
9 .0 – 1 3 .0 9 . 0 – 1 3 .0 7 .5 – 9 .5 1 3 . 5 – 1 7 .5 1 4 . 5 – 1 7 .5 1 6 .0 – 1 8 .0 2 1 .0 – 2 4 .0
1 7 .0 – 1 9 .0 1 7 .0 – 1 9 . 0 1 4 .5 – 1 6 . 5 1 8 .0 – 2 0 .0 1 7 .0 – 2 0 .0 2 3 . 0 – 2 5 .0 2 3 . 0 – 2 5 .0
...
...
C D
E F
0 .2 0 – 0.50G E F
1. 50 – 2. 00 4 .0 – 5 .0 4 .0 – 5 .0 4 . 0 – 5 .0 5 .2 – 6 .2
... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ...
0. 10 ... 0.10 ... ... ... 0 .2 0 m a x ... 0 .1 0 – 0 .2 0 . . . 0 .0 4 0 – 0 .0 6 0 . . . 0 .0 3 5 – 0 .0 6 0
Co 0.20 ... Cu 0.75 Cu 0.75 Cb 0.10 Cu 1.00–2.50 W 1.50–2.50
A
Maximum, unless otherwise indicated. Where ellipses (. . .) appear in this table, there is no requirement and analysis for the element need not be determined or reported. The method of analysis for nitrogen shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer. C The titanium content shall be not less than five times the carbon content and not more than 0.70 %. D The titanium content shall be not less than four times the carbon content and not more than 0.70 %. E The columbium content shall be not less than ten times the carbon content and not more than 1.10 %. F The columbium content shall be not less than eight times the carbon content and not more than 1.10 %. G The columbium content shall not be less than 15 times the carbon content. H This grade is intended for special purpose applications. B
for the most suitable heat treatment. If the final heat treatment is at a temperature under under 1900 °F [1040 °C], each pipe shall be stenciled with the final heat treatment temperature in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius after the suffix “HT.”
4. General Requiremen Requirements ts 4.1 Materi Material al furnished furnished to this specification specification shall conform conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A999/A999M cation A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.
5.2.4 Gra Grades des TP3 TP304 04H, H, TP TP31 316H 6H,, TP TP32 321H 1H,, TP3 TP347 47H, H, I f co cold ld wo work rkin ing g is in invo volv lved ed in TP348 TP3 48H, H, and 1616-8-2 8-2H— H— If proces pro cessin sing, g, the min minimu imum m sol solutio ution-t n-trea reatin ting g temp tempera eratur turee for Grades TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H shall be 2000 °F [1100 °C], for Grades TP304H and TP316H, 1900 °F [1040 °C], and forr Gr fo Grad adee 16 16-8 -8-2 -2H, H, 18 1800 00 °F [9 [980 80 °C °C]. ]. If th thee ma mater teria iall is hot-rolled, hot-r olled, the minimu minimum m soluti solution-tr on-treating eating temper temperatures atures for Grades TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H shall be 1925 °F [1050 °C], for Grades TP304H and TP316H, 1900 °F [1040 °C], and for Grade 16-8-2H, 1800 °F [980 °C].
5. Mate Material rialss and Manufactur Manufacturee 5.1 Manufacture— At At the manufacturer’s option, pipe may be either hot finished or cold finished, with a suitable finishing treatment, where necessary. 5.2 Heat Treatment: 5.2.1 All pipe shall be furn furnished ished in the heat-treated heat-treated condition tio n un unles lesss th thee or orde derr sp spec ecific ificall ally y sta states tes th that at no fin final al he heat at treatment shall be applied. When the order is furnished without final heat treatment, each pipe shall be stenciled “HT-O.” 5.2.2 As an alternate to final heat treatment treatment in a contin continuous uous furnac fur nacee or bat batchch-typ typee fur furnac nace, e, imm immedi ediatel ately y fol follow lowing ing hot forming while the temperature of the pipes is not less than the specified minimum solution treatment temperature, pipes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means. 5.2.3 Grades TP304, TP304N, TP304LN, TP316, TP316N, TP316L TP3 16LN, N, TP3 TP321, 21, TP3 TP347, 47, TP3 TP347L 47LN, N, TP3 TP348, 48, 1616-8-2 8-2H, H, S 31725, and S 31726— Unless otherwise stated in the order, heat treatment shall consist of heating to a minimum temperature of 1900 °F [1040 °C] and quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other means. 5.2.3.1 5.2.3 .1 The purchaser purchaser may specif specify y controlled structural structural or special service characteristics which shall be used as a guide
5.2.5 Grade S34565— Heat Heat treatment shall consist of heating in g to a te temp mper erat atur uree in th thee ra rang ngee of 20 2050 50 °F [1 [112 120 0 °C °C]] minimum and 2140 °F [1170 °C] maximum, and quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other means. 5.2.6 Grade S31266— Heat Heat treatment shall consist of heating to a te ing temp mper erat atur uree in th thee ra rang ngee of 21 2100 00 °F [1 [115 150 0 °C °C]] minimum and quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other means. 5.3 A solution solution annealing temperature temperature above 1950 °F [106 [1065 5 °C] may impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after subs su bsequ equen entt ex expo posu sure re to sen sensit sitizi izing ng con condi ditio tions ns in TP TP32 321, 1, TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP348, and TP348H. When specified by the pur purcha chaser ser,, a low lower er temp temperat erature ure sta stabili bilizati zation on or 2
A376/A376M − 14 re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to the initial high temperature solution anneal (see Supplementary Requirement S9).
9. Wor Workmanship, kmanship, Finish, and Appearance Appearance 9.1 The pipe manufacturer shall explore a sufficient sufficient number number of visual surface imperfections to provide reasonable assurance that they have been properly evaluated with respect to depth. Exploration of all surface imperfections is not required but may be necessary to assure compliance with 9.2 9.2..
5.4 The grain size of grades 304H, 304H, 316H, 321H, 321H, 347H, and 348H as determined in accordance with Test Methods E112 E112,, shall be No. 7 or coarser. 6. Chem Chemical ical Compositi Composition on
9.2 Surfa Surface ce imperfections imperfections that penetrate more than 12 1 ⁄ 2 % of the nominal wall thickness or encroach on the minimum walll thic wal thickne kness ss sha shall ll be con consid sidere ered d def defects ects.. Pip Pipee wit with h suc such h defects shall be given one of the following dispositions: 9.2.1 The defect may be removed by grinding grinding provided that the remaining wall thickness is within specified limits.
6.1 The st 6.1 steel eel sh shal alll co conf nfor orm m to th thee re requ quir irem emen ents ts as to chemicall compo chemica composition sition prescribed in Table 1. 1. 7. Pro Product duct Analysis Analysis 7.1 At the request of the purchaser, purchaser, an analysis analysis of one billet from each heat or two pipes from each lot shall be made by the manufa man ufactu cturer rer.. A lot of pip pipee sha shall ll con consis sistt of the number number of lengths as a function of size, as shown below, of the same size and wall thickness from any one heat of steel: NPS [DN] Designator Under NPS 2 [DN 50] NPS 2 [DN 50] to NPS 5 [DN 125], incl Over NPS 5 [DN 125]
9.2.2 Repair Repaired ed in accord accordance ance with the repair welding provisions of 9.6 9.6.. 9.2.3 The section of pipe containing containing the defect may be cut off within the limits of requirements on length.
L e n g th s o f P i p e i n L o t 400 or fraction thereof 200 or fraction thereof
9.2.4 Rejected Rejected.. 9.3 To provide a workmanlike workmanlike finish and basis for evaluating conformance with 9.2 with 9.2,, the pipe manufacturer shall remove by grinding the following: 9.3.1 Mechan Mechanical ical marks, abras abrasions ions (see Note 3), 3), and pits, 1 any of which imperfections are deeper than ⁄ 16 16 in. [1.6 mm].
100 or fraction thereof
7.2 The results results of the these se ana analys lyses es shall be rep report orted ed to the purchaser purch aser or the purch purchaser’s aser’s representative, representative, and shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1. 1. 7.3 If the analysis analysis of one of the tests specified in Section Section 8 does not conform to the requirements specified in Section 6 6,, an an analysis of each billet or pipe from the same heat or lot may be made, and all billets or pipe conforming to the requirements shall be accepted.
NOTE 3—Marks and abrasions are defined as cable marks, dinges, guide marks, roll marks, ball scratches, scores, die marks, and so forth.
9.3.2 Visual imperfections imperfections commonly commonly referred to as scabs, seams, sea ms, lap laps, s, tear tears, s, or sli sliver verss fou found nd by exp explor loratio ation n in acco accorrdance dan ce with 9.1 to be de deep eper er th than an 5 % of th thee no nomi mina nall wa wall ll thickness.
8. Tensile Requirements Requirements
9.4 At the purchase purchaser’s r’s discretio discretion, n, pip pipee sha shall ll be sub subject ject to rejection rejectio n if surfa surface ce imperf imperfection ectionss accepta acceptable ble under under 9.2 9.2 are not scattered, but appear over a large area in excess of what is considered a workmanlike finish. Disposition of such pipe shall be a matter of agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
8.1 The material material sha shall ll con confor form m to the requirem requirements ents as to tensile properties prescribed in Table 2. 2. TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements TensileA strength, min, ksi [MPa]
Grade
TP304, TP304H, TP304LN, TP316, TP316H, TP316LN, TP347, TP347H, TP347LN, TP348, TP348H, 16-8-2H, S31725 TP304N, TP316N, S31726 S 3 45 65 TP321, 321H 3 # ⁄ 8 9
> ⁄ 8 3
B
9
S 3 12 66
75 [515]
Yield Elongation in 2 in. or 50 strength mm min, (or 4D) min, % ksi Long Lo ngit itud udin inal al Tran Tr ansv sver erse se [MPa]
30 [205]
80 [550] 115 [790]
35 [240] 60 [415]
75 [515] 70 [480] 1 0 9 [7 5 0 ]
30 [205] 25 [170] 61 [420]
35
9.5 When imperfections or defects are removed by by grinding, a smo smooth oth curved curved sur surface face shall be main maintain tained, ed, and the wall thickness shall not be decreased below that permitted by this specification. The outside diameter at the point of grinding may be reduced by the amount so removed.
25
35
25
35
30
35
25
35
25
35
25
9.5.1 Wall thic 9.5.1 thickne kness ss mea measur suremen ements ts sha shall ll be mad madee with a mechanical caliper or with a properly calibrated nondestructive testing device of appropriate accuracy. In case of dispute, the measurement determined by use of the mechanical caliper shall govern. 9.6 9. 6 Weld Weld re repa pair ir sh shall all be pe perm rmitt itted ed on only ly su subj bject ect to th thee approval of the purchaser and in accordance with Specification A999/A999M.. A999/A999M 9.7 The finished pipe shall be reasonably reasonably straight. straight.
A
For grade TP304, NPS8 or larger, and in schedules 140 and heavier, heavier, the required minimum tensile strength shall be 70 ksi [480 MPa]. B Prior to the issuance of A376/A376M – 88, the tensile and yield strength values were 75 [520] and 30 [210] respectively, for nominal wall greater than 3 ⁄ 8 in. [9.5 mm].
9.8 The pipe shall be fre freee of scale and con contami taminat nating ing iron particles. Pickling, blasting, or surface finishing is not mandatory when pipe is bright annealed. The purchaser may request that a passivating treatment be applied. 3
A376/A376M − 14 10.7 Extent of Examination: 10.7.1 10.7. 1 The relative motion motion of the pipe and the transducer(s), transducer(s), coil(s), or sensor(s) shall be such that the entire pipe surface is scanned, except as in 5.2 5.2.. 10.7.2 10.7. 2 The existence of end effects effects is recogn recognized, ized, and the extent of such effects shall be determined by the manufacturer, and,, if req and reques uested, ted, sha shall ll be rep report orted ed to the pur purcha chaser ser.. Oth Other er nondestruc nond estructive tive tests may be applied to the end areas, subjec subjectt to agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
10. Hydrostati Hydrostaticc or Nondestructive Electric Test Test 10.1 10. 1 Each pipe sha shall ll be sub subject jected ed to the Non Nondes destru tructiv ctivee Electric Test or the Hydrostatic Test. Unless specified by the purchaser, either test may be used at the option of the producer. 10.2 Hydrostatic Test— Each Each length of finished pipe shall be subjected to the hydrostatic test in accordance with Specification A999/A999M, A999/A999M , unl unless ess spe specifi cificall cally y exe exempt mpted ed und under er the provisions of 10.3 of 10.3 and and 10.4 10.4.. 10.3 For 10.3 For pi pipe pe si size zess NP NPS S 24 [D [DN N 60 600] 0] an and d ov over er,, th thee purc pu rcha hase serr, wi with th th thee ag agre reem emen entt of th thee man manuf ufact actur urer er,, may comple com plete te the hyd hydros rostati taticc tes testt req requir uireme ement nt wit with h the sys system tem pressure test, which may be lower or higher than the specification test pressure, but in no case shall the test pressure be lower low er tha than n the sys system tem des design ign pre pressu ssure. re. Eac Each h len length gth of pip pipee furnished furni shed withou withoutt the comple completed ted manuf manufacture acturer’s r’s hydr hydrostatic ostatic test shall include with the mandatory marking the letters “NH.”
10.8 Operator Qualifications— The The test unit operator shall be certified in accordance with SNT-TC-1A, or an equivalent recognized and documented standard. 10.9 Test Conditions: 10.9.1 10. 9.1 For edd eddy-c y-curr urrent ent test testing ing,, the exc excitat itation ion coi coill fre fre-quency que ncy sha shall ll be cho chosen sen to ens ensure ure ade adequa quate te pen penetra etratio tion n yet provide good signal-to-noise ratio. 10.9.2 10. 9.2 The max maximu imum m edd eddy-c y-curr urrent ent coi coill fre freque quency ncy use used d shall be as follows:
10.4 Nondestructive Examination— Each Each pipe shall be examined with a nondestructive test in accordance with Practice E213 or Practice E426 E426.. Unless specifically called out by the purchaser, the selection of the nondestructive electric test will be at the option of the manufacturer. The range of pipe sizes that may be examined by each method shall be subject to the limitations in the scope of the respective practices. 10.4.1 10. 4.1 The followin following g inf inform ormatio ation n is for the ben benefit efit of the user of this specification: 10.4.1.1 10.4. 1.1 The reference reference standards standards defined in 10.10.1 in 10.10.1 through through 11.10.4 are convenient standards for calibration of nondestructive test testing ing equ equipm ipment ent.. The dim dimens ension ionss of the these se stan standar dards ds should sho uld not be con constr strued ued as the min minimu imum m siz sizee imp imperf erfecti ection on detectable by such equipment. 10.4.1 10. 4.1.2 .2 The ultrasoni ultrasonicc test testing ing (UT) can be per perfor formed med to detect both longitudinally and circumferentially oriented defects. It should be recognized that different techniques should be employed to detect differently oriented imperfections. The examination may not detect short, deep, defects. 10.4.1.3 10.4. 1.3 The eddy-current eddy-current testing (ET) referenced in Practice E426 has has th thee cap capabi abilit lity y of det detect ectin ing g sig signifi nifican cantt discontinuities, especially the short abrupt type. 10.4.1.4 10.4. 1.4 A purchaser purchaser interes interested ted in ascerta ascertaining ining the natur naturee (type, size, location, and orientation) of discontinuities that can be detected in the specific application of these examinations shou sh ould ld di disc scus usss th this is wi with th th thee man manuf ufact actur urer er of th thee tu tubu bular lar product.
Specified Specifi ed Wa Wallll Thi Thickn ckness ess,, in. [mm [mm]] <0.050 [1.25] 0 . 0 5 0 to 1 .5 0 [1 .2 5 to 3 . 8 0 ] >0.150 [3.80]
Maximu Max imum m Fre Freque quency ncy,, KHz 10 0 50 10
10.9.3 Ultrasonic— For F or ex exami aminat natio ion n by the ult ultra rason sonic ic method, the minimum nominal transducer frequency shall be 2.00 MHz and the maximum nominal transducer size shall be 1.5 in. [38 mm]. 10.9 10 .9.3 .3.1 .1 If th thee eq equi uipm pmen entt co cont ntain ainss a re rejec jectt no notic ticee filt filter er setting sett ing,, this sha shall ll rem remain ain of offf dur during ing cali calibra bratio tion n and test testing ing unless linearity can be demonstrated at that setting. 10.10 Reference Standards: 10.10.1 10.10 .1 Refere Reference nce standards of convenient convenient length shall be prepared from a length of pipe of the same grade, size (NPS, or outsid out sidee dia diamete meterr and sch schedu edule le or wal walll thi thickn ckness ess), ), sur surfac facee finish, and heat treatment condition as the pipe to be examined. 10.10.2 For Ultras Ultrasonic onic Testing esting,, the reference ID and OD notches shall be any one of the three common notch shapes shown in Practice E213 Practice E213,, at the option of the manufacturer. The depth of each notch shall not exceed 12 1 ⁄ 2 % of the specified nomina nom inall wall thicknes thicknesss of the pip pipee or 0.004 in. [0. [0.1 1 mm] mm],, whichever is greater. The width of the notch shall not exceed twice the depth. Notches shall be placed on both the OD and ID surfaces. 10.10.3 For Eddyreference nce stand standard ard Eddy-Curr Current ent Testing esting,, the refere shall contain, at the option of the manufacturer, any one of the following discontinuities: 10.10.3.1 Drilled Hole— The The reference standard shall contain thr three ee or mor moree hol holes, es, equ equally ally spa spaced ced cir circum cumfer ferent entiall ially y around aroun d the pipe and longit longitudina udinally lly separa separated ted by a suf suffi ficient cient distance to allow distinct identification of the signal from each hole. The holes shall be drilled radially and completely through the pipe wall, with care being taken to avoid distortion of the pipe while drilling. One hole shall be drilled in the weld, if visible. Alternately, the producer producer of welded pipe may choose choose to drill dri ll one hole in the weld and run the calibratio calibration n sta standa ndard rd through the test coils three times with the weld turned at 120° on ea each ch pa pass ss.. Th Thee ho hole le di diam amete eterr sh shal alll va vary ry wi with th NP NPS S as follows:
10.5 Time N ondestru tructiv ctivee tes testing ting for Time of Exa Examin minati ation— on— Nondes specification acceptance shall be performed after all mechanical processing, heat treatments, and straightening operations. This requirement does not preclude additional testing at earlier stages in the processing. 10.6 Surface Condition: 10.6.1 10.6. 1 All surfaces surfaces shall be free of scale, dirt, grease, paint, paint, or other foreign material that could interfere with interpretation of test results. The methods used for cleaning and preparing the surfaces for examination shall not be detrimental to the base metal or the surface finish. 10.6.2 10.6. 2 Excess Excessive ive surface roughness roughness or deep scratches can produce signals that interfere with the test. 4
A376/A376M − 14 NPS [DN] Designator above 1 ⁄ 2 to 11 ⁄ 4 [15 to 32] above 11 ⁄ 4 to 2 [32 to 50] a b o v e 2 to 5 [5 0 to 1 2 5 ] a b o v e 5 [1 2 5 ]
test by which it was rejected, and it must meet the minimum wall thickness requirements of this specification. 10.12.3 10.12 .3 If the test signals were produced produced by visual imperfections such as: (1) Scratches, (2) Surface roughness, (3) Dings, (4) Straightener marks, (5) Cutting chips, (6) Steel die stamps, (7) Stop marks, or (8) Pipe reducer ripple. The pip pipee may be acce accepte pted d bas based ed on vis visual ual exa examin minatio ation n provided the imperfection is less than 0.004 in. [0.1 mm] or 121 ⁄ 2 % of the specified wall thickness (whichever is greater). 10.12. 10. 12.4 4 Reje Rejected cted pip pipee may be rec recond onditio itioned ned and ret reteste ested d providing the wall thickness is not decreased to less than that requir req uired ed by this or the pro produc ductt spe specific cificatio ation. n. The out outsid sidee diameter at the point of grinding may be reduced by the amount so removed. To be accepted, retested pipe shall meet the test requirement. 10.12.5 10.12 .5 If the imperfection imperfection is explored to the extent that it can be identified as non-rejectable, the pipe may be accepted without further test providing the imperfection does not encroach on the minimum wall thickness.
Hole Diameter 0.039 in. [1 mm] 0 .0 5 5 i n . [1 .4 m m ] 0 . 0 7 1 i n . [1 .8 m m ] 0 . 0 8 7 i n . [2 .2 m m ] 0 .1 0 6 i n . [2 .7 m m ]
10.10.3.2 Transverse Tangential Notch— Using Using a round tool 1 or file with a ⁄ 4-in. [6.4-mm] diameter, a notch shall be filed or milled tangential to the surface and transverse to the longitudina di nall ax axis is of th thee pi pipe pe.. Sa Said id no notch tch shall shall ha have ve a de dept pth h no nott 1 exceeding 12 ⁄ 2 % of the specified nominal wall thickness of the pipe or 0.004 in. [0.102 mm], whichever is greater. 10.10.3.3 Longitudinal Notch— A notch 0.031 in. [0.8 mm] or less in width shall be machined in a radial plane parallel to the tube axis on the outside surface of the pipe, to have a depth not exceeding 12 1 ⁄ 2 % of the specified wall thickness of the pipe or 0.004 in. [0.1 mm], whichever is greater. The length of the notch shall be compatible with the testing method. 10.10.3.4 More or smaller reference discontinuities, or both, may be use used d by agr agreem eement ent between between the purchase purchaserr and the manufacturer. 10.11 Standardization Procedure: 10.1 10 .11. 1.1 1 Th Thee te test st ap appa para ratu tuss sh shal alll be st stan anda dard rdize ized d at th thee beginning and end of each series of pipes of the same size (NPS or diameter and schedule or wall thickness), grade and heat treatment condition, and at intervals not exceeding 4 h. More frequent standardization may be performed at the manufacturer’s option or may be required upon agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 10.11.2 10.1 1.2 The test apparatus shall also be standa standardized rdized after any change in test system settings; change of operator; equipmentt rep men repair air;; or int interr errup uptio tion n du duee to po power wer los loss, s, pr proce ocess ss shutdown, or when a problem is suspected. 10.11.3 10.1 1.3 The reference reference standa standard rd shall be passed through through the test apparatus at the same speed and test system settings as the pipe to be tested. 10.11.4 10.1 1.4 The signal-to-noise signal-to-noise ratio for the reference standard 1 shall be 2 ⁄ 2 to 1 or gre greater ater.. Ext Extran raneou eouss sig signal nalss cau caused sed by identifiable identifi able causes such as dings dings,, scratch scratches, es, dents, straig straightener htener marks mar ks,, an and d so fo fort rth, h, sh shall all no nott be co cons nsid ider ered ed no nois ise. e. Th Thee rejection amplitude shall be adjusted to be at least 50 % of full scale of the readout display. 10.11.5 If upon any standardization, the rejection amplitude has decreased by 29 % (3 dB) of peak height from the last standar stan dardiz dizatio ation, n, the pip pipee sin since ce the last cali calibra bratio tion n sha shall ll be rejec re jected ted.. Th Thee tes testt sy syste stem m set settin tings gs may be ch chan ange ged, d, or th thee trans tra nsdu ducer cer(s (s), ), co coil( il(s) s) or sen senso sor( r(s) s) ad adjus justed ted,, an and d th thee un unit it restand res tandard ardize ized, d, but all pip pipee test tested ed sin since ce the last acce accepta ptable ble standardization must be retested for acceptance.
11. Mechanica Mechanicall Tests Tests Required 11.1 Lot— For For tension tension and flattening flattening tests, the ter term m “lo “lot” t” applies to all pipe of the same nominal size and wall thickness (or schedule) that is produced from the same heat of steel and subject sub jected ed to the sam samee fini finishi shing ng tre treatme atment nt in a con contin tinuou uouss furnace or by directly obtaining the heat treated condition by quenching after hot forming. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, the lot shall include only that pipe which is heat treated in the same furnace charge. 11.2 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test— The tensio tension n test shall be performed on 1 % of the pipe from each lot. 11.3 Flattening Test— For For pipe heat treated in a batch-type furnace, the flattening test shall be made on 5 % of the pipe from each heat-treated lot. When heat treated by the continuous proces pro cesss or whe when n tre treated ated condition condition is obt obtain ained ed dir directl ectly y by quen qu ench chin ing g af after ter ho hott fo form rmin ing, g, th this is te test st sh shall all be ma made de on a sufficient number of pipe to constitute 5 % of the lot but in no case less than two pipes. 12. Certificatio Certification n 12.1 In addition to the certification required by Specification A999/A999M,, the cer A999/A999M certifi tifica catio tion n fo forr pi pipe pe fu furn rnis ishe hed d to th this is speci sp ecific ficati ation on sh shal alll id iden entif tify y ea each ch len lengt gth h of pi pipe pe wh whic ich h is furnished furn ished withou withoutt the manuf manufacture acturer’s r’s comple completed ted hydro hydrostatic static test, in accordance with 10.3 with 10.3..
10.12 Evaluation of Imperfections: 10.12.1 10.12 .1 Pipes producing producing a signal equal equal to or greater than the lowest signal produced by the reference standard(s) shall be identified and separated from the acceptable pipes. The area producing the signal may be reexamined. 10.12. 10. 12.2 2 Suc Such h pip pipes es shall be rej rejecte ected d if the tes testt sig signal nal was produc pro duced ed by imp imperf erfecti ections ons that can cannot not be iden identifie tified d or was produced by cracks or crack-like imperfections. These pipes may be repaired in accordance with Sections 12 Sections 12 and 13 13.. To be accepted, a repaired pipe must pass the same nondestructive
13. Pro Product duct Marking Marking 13.1 In addition to the marking prescribed prescribed in Specifi Specification cation A999/A999M,, the marking shall include the ANSI schedule A999/A999M number, the heat number or manufacturer’s number by which the heat can be identified, the marking requirements of 5.2 5.2,, and, if applicable, NH when hydrotesting is not performed and 5
A376/A376M − 14 ET wh when en ed eddy dy-c -cur urre rent nt te testi sting ng is pe perf rfor orme med, d, or UT wh when en ultrasonic testing is performed.
13.3 No stee 13.3 steell ind indent entatio ation n stam stampin ping g sha shall ll be don donee with without out the purchaser’s consent.
13.2 If th 13.2 thee pi pipe pe co conf nfor orms ms to an any y of th thee su supp pplem lemen entar tary y requirements requir ements specified in S1 through S10, compl compliance iance shall be so indicated by adding the symbol “S” directly followed by the number num ber of the app applica licable ble sup supple plemen mentar tary y req requir uireme ement nt to the marking prescribed in 13.1 13.1..
14. Keyw Keywords ords 14.1 austen austenitic itic stainless steel; central station service; feedwater heater tubes; stainless steel tube; steel tube; welded steel tube
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPE REQUIRING SPECIAL CONSIDERATION
One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the purchase order. The purchaser may specify a different frequency of test or analysis than is provided in the supplementary requirement. Subject to agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer, retest and retreatment provisions of these supplementary requirements may also be modified.
pipe required shall also be specified. If a specimen from any length shows objectionable defects, the length shall be rejected, subject to removal of the defective end and subsequent retests indi in dica cati ting ng th thee re rema main inde derr of th thee le leng ngth th to be so soun und d an and d reasonably uniform material.
S1. Pro Product duct Analysis Analysis S1.1 Produ Product ct analysis shall be made on each length of pipe. Individual lengths failing to conform to the chemical composition requirements shall be rejected. S2. Transverse Tension Tension Tests Tests
S5. Photomicr Photomicrographs ographs
S2.1 A transverse transverse tension tension test shall be made on a specimen from one end or both ends of each pipe NPS 8 [DN 200] and over in nominal diameter. If this supplementary requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe shall also be specified. If a specimen from any length fails to meet the required tensile properties (tensile, yield, and elongation), that length shall be rejected subject to retreatment in accordance with Specification A999/A999M and A999/A999M and satisfactory retest.
S5.1 Photo Photomicrog micrographs raphs at 100 diameters diameters may be made from one end of each piece of pipe furnished in sizes NPS 6 [DN 150] and larger in the as-furnished condition. Such photomicrogra cro graphs phs shall be sui suitab tably ly ide identifi ntified ed as to pip pipee siz size, e, wall thickness, piece number, and heat. Such photomicrographs are for information only, and shall show the actual metal structure of the pipe as finished. S6. Ultrasonic Test Test
S3. Flattening Test
S6.1 Ea S6.1 Each ch pi piece ece of pi pipe pe ma may y be ul ultr tras ason onica ically lly tes teste ted d to determ det ermine ine its sou soundn ndness ess thr throug oughou houtt the ent entire ire leng length th of the pipe. Each piece shall be ultrasonically tested in a circumferentia en tiall di dire recti ction on in su such ch a man manne nerr th that at th thee en entir tiree pi piec ecee is scanned scanne d by the ultraso ultrasonic nic beam. The calibration standard standard shall be prepared from a section of pipe which has two notches, one in the inside surface and one in the outside surface. The notches shall be at least 11 ⁄ 2-in. [38-mm] long and have a depth of 3 % of the wall thickness, or 0.004 in. [0.102 mm], whichever is the greater. Any pipe showing an ultrasonic indication of greater ampl am plitu itude de th than an th thee am ampl plitu itude de of th thee in indi dicat catio ion n fr from om th thee calibration standard shall be subject to rejection.
S3.1 The flattening flattening test of Specification Specification A999/A999M A999/A999M shall shall be made on a specimen from one end or both ends of each pipe. Crop ends may be used. If this supplementary requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe shall also be specified. If a specimen from any length fails because of lack of ductility prior to satisfactory completion of the first step of the flattening test requirement that pipe shall be rejected subject to retreatmentt in acco men accorda rdance nce with Spe Specifi cificati cation on A999/A999M and satisfactory retest. If a specimen from any length of pipe fails because of a lack of soundness that length shall be rejected, unless subsequent subsequent retesting indicates that the remaining length is sound.
S7. Hot Ductility Test Test for Indicating Weldability Weldability S4. Etching Tests Tests
S7.1 S7. 1 A hig high-t h-temp empera eratur turee duc ductili tility ty test may be mad madee upo upon n each heat of material supplied in heavy-wall pipe sections. An appropriate specimen shall be heated to an initial temperature, cooled 100 °F [50 °C], then subjected to a tension test, and shall show a minimum reduction of area of 60 %. The initial tempe tem pera ratu ture re is th that at tem tempe pera ratu ture re 50 °F [3 [30 0 °C °C]] be belo low w th thee temperature at which material exhibits zero ductility. Rejection of material shall not be based upon this test.
S4.1 The steel shall be homog homogeneous eneous as shown by etching tests conducted in accordance with the appropriate portions of Method E381 Method E381.. Etching tests shall be made on a cross section from one end or both ends of each pipe and shall show sound and rea reaso sonab nably ly un unifo iform rm mat materi erial al fr free ee fr from om inj injur urio ious us laminations, cracks, and similar objectionable defects. If this supplementary requirement is specified, the number of tests per
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A376/A376M − 14 S8. Rete Retests sts
S10. Intergranular Corrosion Corrosion Test Test
S8.1 Upo S8.1 Upon n the pur purcha chaser ser’s ’s req reques uest, t, rete retests sts sha shall ll be mad madee from sections of material removed from any part of the pipe. Failure Fail ure to meet the req requir uireme ements nts sta stated ted in thi thiss spe specifi cificati cation on shall be cause for rejection.
S10.1 When spe S10.1 specifie cified, d, mate materia riall sha shall ll pas passs inte interg rgran ranula ularr corrosion tests conducted by the manufacturer in accordance with Practic Practices es A262 A262,, Practice E. NOTE S10.1—Practice E requires testing on the sensitized condition for low carbon or stabilized grades, and on the as-shipped condition for other grades.
S9. Stabilizatio Stabilization n Heat Treatment Treatment S9.1 S9. 1 Sub Subseq sequen uentt to the sol soluti ution on ann anneal eal req requir uired ed in 5.4 5.4,, Grades TP321, TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP348, and TP348H shall be given a stabilization heat treatment at a temperature lower low er than that use used d for the init initial ial sol soluti ution on ann anneali ealing ng hea heatt treatment. The temperature of stabilization heat treatment shall be at a temperature as agreed upon between the purchaser and vendor.
S10.2 A sta S10.2 stabili bilizati zation on hea heatt tre treatme atment nt in acc accord ordanc ancee wit with h Supp Su pplem lemen entar tary y Re Requ quire ireme ment nt S9 ma may y be ne neces cessa sary ry an and d is permitt per mitted ed in ord order er to mee meett thi thiss req requir uireme ement nt for the gra grades des contain con taining ing tita titaniu nium m or col columb umbium ium,, par particu ticularl larly y in the their ir H versions.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES Committee Committ ee A01 has ide identi ntified fied the loca locatio tion n of sele selected cted changes changes to thi thiss spe specific cificatio ation n sin since ce the las lastt issu issue, e, A376/A376M–13, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved October 1, 2014) 1, Table 2, 2, and and 5.2.6 5.2.6.. (1) Addition of alloy S31266 to Table 1, ASTM International International takes no positi position on respecting the validi validity ty of any patent rights assert asserted ed in connec connection tion with any item mentio mentioned ned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible respon sible technical technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not receiv received ed a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below. This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address addr ess or at 610610-832832-9585 9585 (pho (phone), ne), 610610-832832-9555 9555 (fax (fax), ), or serv service@ ice@astm astm.org .org (e-m (e-mail) ail);; or thro through ugh the ASTM webs website ite (www.astm. (www .astm.org). org). Permission Permission rights to photocopy the standa standard rd may also be secure secured d from the Copyri Copyright ght Clearance Center, Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/
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