Affordable Affordable Rapid Mass Housing Using GFRG Panels
Guided By:
Presented By:
Prashant Kumar Nayak
Suman Pati
ABSTRACT •
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There is a huge growing requirement requirement of building materials in India due to the existing housing shortage of 24.7 million units{ 2007} mainly for the low income groups in urban India. Estimated urban housing shortage in 2012 is 26.53 million, while the housing shortage of rural India in 2012 is 42 million units. Thus total estimated housing shortage for Urban & rural India in 2012 is 68.53 million units. To meet this challenge, India requires innovative, energy efficient building materials for for strong and durable housing in fast track method of construction at affordable cost. It is also important that housing and buildings are disaster resistant resistant to protect the lives and properties of people.
INTRODUCTION TO GFRG The building industry accounts for 40% of CO2 emissions. GFRG panel is an energy efficient green building material with huge potential for use as l oad bearing and non load bearing wall panels. GFRG panel is a large load bearing panel with modular cavities suitable for both external, external, internal walls as well as floor slab or roof slab in combination with RCC as a composite material. Rapidwall buildings are resistant resistant to earthquakes, fire and cyclones. Rapidwall panels based on construction manual prepared by IIT Madras to suit Indian situation. FACT & RCF, two fertilizer giants under public sector are together setting up Rapidwall and plaster products products manufacturing plant at Ambalamugal using Rapidwall technologies techno logies of Australia called calle d FACT RCF Building products Ltd. (FRBL). FACT FACT has about 7 million tons of industrial by product gypsum. Glass fiber reinforced gypsum is made up of glass fiber and gypsum wastage from fertilizer industry.
PHYSICAL AND AND MATERIAL MATERIAL PROPERTIES Rapidwall panel is world’s largest load bearing lightweight panels. The panels are
manufactured with size size 12 m length, 3m height and 124 mm thickness. Each panel has 48 modular cavities of 230 mm x 94 mm x 3m dimension. The density is 1.14g/cm3 , being only 10-12% of the weight of comparable concrete /brick masonry. masonry. The physical and material properties of panels are as follows:
Weight Weight Axial load capacity
44 Kg/ sqm 160 kN/m{ 16 tons/ m}
Compressive strength
73.2 Kg/cm2 Kg /cm2
Flexural strength
21.25 kg/cm2
Tensile Strength
35 KN/ m
Fire resistance
4 hr rating withstood 700-10000 C
Elastic Modulus
3000-6000Mpa
Water absorption
< 5%
MANUFACTURING OF GFRG PANEL
TRANSPORTATION AND LIFTING Panels are vertically loaded at the factory on stillages for transport to the construction sites on trucks. Each stillage holds 5 or 8 pre-cut panels. The stillages are placed at the construction site close to the foundation for erection using vehicle mounted crane or other type of crane with required length for construction of low, low, medium and high rise buildings. Special lifting jaws suitable to lift the panel ,are used by inserting into the cavities and pierced into into webs, so that lifting/handling lifting /handling of panels will be safe.
JOINTS AND CA CAVITIES Wall to wall ‘L’, ‘T’, ‘+’ angle joints and horizontal wall joints are made by
cutting of inner or outer flanges or web appropriately and infill of concrete with vertical reinforcement.
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE FOUNDATION: For Rapidwall Housing a conventional foundation like spread footing, RCC column footing, raft or pile foundation is used as per the soil condition and load factors. All around the building RCC plinth beam is provided. Conventional water proofing materials are used in the foundation
RAPAID WALL: Rapidwall enables fast track method of construction. Conventional building construction involves various time consuming processes, like i) masonry wall construction ii) cement plastering requiring curing, iii) casting of RCC slabs requiring centering and scaffolding and curing iv) removal of centering and scaffolding and v) plastering of ceilings and so on. Construction time is minimized to 15-20% by the rapid wall method. Instead of brick by brick construction, Rapidwall enables wall by wall construction. Rapidwall also does not require cement plastering as both surfaces are smooth and even and ready for application of special primer and finishing coat of paint. OPENINGS: Door/window/ventilator, openings will be cut and reinforced concrete is provided there.
LINTEL: Embedded RCC lintels are to be provided wherever required by cutting open external flange. Reinforcement for lintels and RCC sunshades can be provided with required shuttering and support.
CONCRETE INFILL : After inserting vertical reinforcement rods as per the structural design and clamps for wall corners are in place to keep the wall panels in perfect position, concrete of 12mm size aggregate will be poured from top into the cavities. There is no need to use vibrator because gravitational pressure acts to self compact the concrete inside the water tight cavities. Generally every third cavity should be concreted.
TIE BEAM: An embedded RCC tie beam to floor/roof slab is to be provided at each floor/roof slab level, as an essential requirement requirement of national building building code against earth quakes. For this, web portion to required beam depth at top is to be cut and removed for placing horizontal reinforcement with stirrups and concreted.
ROOF SLAB: Instead of a solid concrete floor slab, which is typically 100 to 150mm thick, the GFRG panels are used. They are placed horizon ho rizontally tally over the walls in different different roofs. The roofs typically spanning along the shorter direction. direction. Concrete tie beams connect the panels to the walls at all junctions. Every Every third cavity in the horizontal GFRG panel is cut open from the top and reinforced cage is inserted to serve as a concealed beam. Further a steel welded mesh is placed on top of the entire floor slab and subsequently embedded in screed of concrete 50mm thick. The advantage with the system over conventional conventional concrete concrete slabs is the there is no need of shuttering and the finish at bottom is excellent. excellent. It also not required any plastering. plastering. Conduits for electrical work are kept in place before concreting the slab.
STAIR STAIR CASE: CA SE: The stair stair case work is taken taken up using GFRG panels as the landing slab with reinforced concrete concrete bars in all the cavities.
FINISHING WORK: Once concreting of ground floor roof slab is completed, on the 4th day, wooden planks with support props in ground floor can be removed. removed. Finishing of internal wall corners and ceiling corners etc can be done using wall putty or special plaster by experienced plasterers. Simultaneously, electrical work, water water supply and sanitary work, floor tiling, mosaic or marble works, staircase staircase work etc can also be carried out.
COMPERISON Comparative study of Rapidwall building and conventional conventional building (For 2storey 1500 sft): Materials/ items
Rapidwall Building Conventional Building
Saving in %
Cement
16 tons
32.55 tons
50.8
Steel
1800 kg
2779 kg
35.2
Sand
20cum
83.37cum
76
Granite
38cum
52.46cum
27.56
Bricks
-
57200
GFRG panel
500sqm
-
Water
50000ltr
200000ltr
75
Labour
389 mandays
1200 mandays
67.59
Construction time
21 days
120 days
82
Wt. of superstructure superstructure
170 tons
490 tons
65
Construction cost
Rs 13.25 lakhs
Rs 18.27 lakhs
61.5
CONCLUSION Rapidwall Panel provides provides a new method of building construction in fast track, fully utilising the benefits of prefabricated, prefabricated, light weight large panels with modular cavities and by the use of concrete and steel reinforcement. By this process, man power, cost and time of construction is reduced. The use of scarce natural resources like river sand, water and agricultural land is significantly reduced. Rapidwall buildings thereby reduce burdening of the environment environment and help to reduce global warming. Rapidwall use also protect the lives and properties of people as these buildings will be resistant to natural disasters like earthquakes, earthquakes, cyclone, fire f ire etc. This will also contribute to achieve the goal of much needed social inclusive development due to its various benefits and advantages with affordability for low income segments also. Fast delivery of mass housing is very critical critical for reducing reducing huge urban urban housing shortage in India. Rapidwall panels will help to achieve ach ieve the above multiple goals.
THANK YOU…
