Effective English Speaking Skills
A Practical Practical Course Course in
Effective English Speaking Skills J.K. Gangal Gangal ELT Expert
and Director, Centre for Creativity and Human Resource Development (CCHRD) Delhi
New Delhi-110001 2012
` 275.00
A PRACTICAL COURSE IN EFFECTIVE ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS
J.K. Gangal
© 2012 by PHI Learning Private Limited, New Delhi. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN-978-81-203-4584-3
The export rights of this book are vested solely with the publisher.
Published by Asoke K. Ghosh, PHI Learning Private Limited, M-97, Connaught Circus, New Delhi-110001 and Printed by Rajkamal Electric Press, Plot No. 2, Phase IV, HSIDC, Kundli-131028, Sonepat, Haryana.
Contents
Preface .............................................................................................................. ix Acknowledgements ............................................................................... ........... xiii
PART I THE KNOWLEDGE PARADIGM The What and Why of Effective Eff ective Speaking 1. Why Do You Need to Speak Speak Effectively? Effectively? ............................................. 3 2. Effective Speaking—Meaning Speaking—Meaning and Constituents ..................................... 7 3. Some Myths about Effective English Speaking ................................... 12 4. English Phonetics Phonetics and Phonology—The Phonology—The Sounds of English ................ 18 5. The Phonemes Phonemes ................................................................................ ........ 24 6. Stress and Intonation .................................................................. ............ 29
PART II
THE SKILL PARADIGM–A
Public Speaking Skills 7. Using 4Rs for for Effective Speaking ....................................................... .. 37 8. How to Achieve Effective Public Speaking Skills ............................... 41 9. Combating Stage Fear ........................................................................ .... 47 10. Using Audio-Visual Aids ....................................................................... 51 11. Handling Questions from Audience ...................................................... 55 12. Nonverbal Communication—T Communication—The he Body Language ............................... 58
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Contents
PART III THE SKILL PARADIGM–B Communicating with People 13. Making Effective Telephonic Calls ....................................................... 65 14. Congratulating People ............................................................ ................ 76 15. Giving Farewell for the Principal ....................................................... ... 83 16. Offering Condolences ............................................................................. 93 17. Replying to Felicitations Felicitations and Thanking ................................................ 99 18. Celebrating Teacher’s Day .................................................................. 106 19. Celebrating Valentine’s Valentine’s Day ................................................................ 114 20. Expressing Gratitude ................................................................... ......... 123 21. Expressing Admiration and Offering Compliments ............................ 128 22. Expressing Disapproval Disapproval and Displeasure ............................................ 133 23. Seeing People People Off .......................................................................... ...... 139 24. Participating in Group Discussions (GDs) .......................................... 144 25. Responding to Criticism and Negative Negative Remarks Remarks ................................ 152 26. Participating in Interactive Interactive TV/Radio Debate Debate ..................................... 159 27. Interacting with the Media Media................................................................. ................................................................. .. 166 28. Communicating with Your Boss ......................................................... 175 29. Negotiating for a Lasting Gain ............................................................ 183 30. Proposing a Vote of Thanks ................................................................ 193
PART IV
FURTHER STRENGTHENING YOUR COMMUNICATION SKILLS
31. Phrasal Verbs Frequently Frequently Used for Effective Effective Speaking ..................... 203 32. Additional Expressions for Acquiring Effective English Speaking Skills .................................................................. ................... 207 33. Linking Words ........................................................................... .......... 216 34. Using One Word Word for Group Group of Words ............................................... 218 35. Personal Interview ........................................................... ..................... 222 36. Words Often Mispronounced ............................................................... 225 37. Your Ready Reference Wordbook ...................................................... 245 38. Frequently Used Foreign Foreign Words Words and Phrases ..................................... 275
PART V
THE DESIRE TO ACHIEVE
Getting Motivated 39. Meaning and Techniques for Self-Motivation Self-Motivation .................................... 283 40. Evaluating Daily Progress Progress.................................................................. .................................................................. .. 287 41. Drawing the Curtains .................................................................... ....... 289
PART I
THE KNOWLEDGE PARADIGM The What and Why of Effective Speaking “Knowledge and human power are synonymous.” —F RANCIS BACON
1
Why Do You Need to Speak Effectively?
Man is the architect of his own destiny. He can get anything and everything, provided he knows exactly what to say, how to say and when to say.
INTRODUCTION
Do you ever wonder why certain people always succeed in getting what they want? Do you at times also wonder why some people are always the centre of attraction wherever they go? Do you ever want to know why some people always collect a mammoth gathering of people to listen to them, when most others fail to get even a small audience despite all the efforts on the part of the organisers? Well, the answers to these so-called vexing questions are very simple. In fact, you already know them. Their widely earned reputation is in large measure due to their magnetic style of speaking. They succeed because they send their listeners home enchanted with their inimitable and unique style of addressing. They speak from their heart coupled with great expression on their face (facial expressions are very important for a speaker), impressing one and all with their effective presentation of ideas and thoughts with a sincerity of purpose. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY SPEAKING EFFECTIVELY?
Although likes and dislikes are always personal and individualised, differing from one person to another, there are some traits of speech which most people would like to associate with the power of effective 3
2
Effective Speaking Meaning and Constituents We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is just not an act, but a habit. —ARISTOTLE
Every person has his/her own criteria for evaluating effective speaking. However, the thumb rule of effective speaking is that a listener or the audience must listen with rapt attention, for such is the impact of the speech. We have found in the case of charismatic speakers like US Presidents Lincoln and Kennedy, Vivekananda, Indira Gandhi, and V.K. Krishna Menon, the audience was spellbound by the mesmerising and captivating speaking skills of the speaker. The listener, after the particular speech or talk is over, cherishes a desire to listen to the speaker again and again. Nevertheless, there are some traits commonly accepted which are vital for effective speaking. We shall study these traits in this chapter.
CONSTITUENTS OF EFFECTIVE SPEAKING The constituents of effective speaking can be broadly classified under three heads: What to say, How to say, and When to say.
What to Say 1. Perfect clarity of thought and purpose (CTP) It is practically impossible for a speaker, however good he or she may be, to know each and everything on the subject chosen to talk about. 7
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A PRACTICAL COURSE IN EFFECTIVE ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS
GANGAL, J. K. ISBN: 978-81-203-4584-3 PRINT EDITION PAGES: 336 PRINT EDITION
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