Laponite Technical Bulletin
L/301/01
Applications for Laponite in surface coatings decorative and architectural finishes for DIY and professional use textured coatings water-in-water multicolour paint automotive OEM and refinish
Laponite starting formulations
Formulary for water based surface coatings
clearcoats and varnishes exterior and interior woodstains protective coatings for structural steel artist's and children's paints
For more information, consult The Laponite Te chnical Directory available from
Rockwood or your local distributor
Rockwood Additives Limited Moorfield Road Widnes Cheshire WA8 0JU, UK
+44 (0) 151 495 2222 fax: +44 ( 0) 151 420 5129
e-mail:
[email protected] Web site: www.laponite.c om
Laponite is a registered trademark of Ro ckwood Specialtie s Inc. All infor mation he re is given in good faith b ut without warranty o r guarantee of any kind whats oever , wh ether implied or expressed. Freedom from patent rights must not be assumed. This leafle t does not form part of the condit ions of sale, is of a general nature and s hou ld not be used as t he basis of a s pecificat io n.
1.
Introduction Laponite is a synthetic layered silicate with a structure resembling that of the natural clay mineral, hectorite. It is used as a cost effective and highly thixotropic rheological additive in a wide range of surface coatings. Starter formulations have been developed both in-house by Laporte and also by other raw material suppliers, which demonstrate the versatile performance characteristics of Laponite. A wide range of examples are shown in this formulary. In addition to its use in surface coatings, Laponite also finds applications in personal care, cosmetic and household products. As a synthetic product manufactured by a controlled batch process, product consistency is excellent and Laponite is completely free of crystalline silica impurities found in naturally occurring clays.
2.
Benefits of Laponite in surface coatings Laponite disperses easily and quickly in water to give clear, colourless gels or sols without the need for wetting or neutralizing agents or high shear mixing. The viscosity or structure imparted to a formulation depends upon both the level of Laponite added (typically 0.1-1.0%) and also upon other components in the formulation. Key properties demonstrated by surface coatings stabilized with Laponite: • • • • • •
3.
highly shear thinning, thixotropic rheology excellent suspension and syneresis control does not affect gloss at normal use levels viscosity build not destroyed by heat or prolonged high shear resistant to microbial attack stability from pH 3 to pH 13
Summary of application areas Laponite is already used in: • • • • • • • • •
decorative and architectural finishes for DIY and professional use textured coatings water-in-water multicolour paint automotive OEM and refinish clearcoats and varnishes exterior and interior woodstains protective coatings for structural steel artist's and children's paints printing inks
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4.
Laponite grades and mode of addition Two grades of Laponite are recommended for use in surface coatings: Laponite RD - a rapidly dispersing gel forming grade which should be added to water at the beginning of the formulation and allowed to fully hydrate before addition of other ingredients. In this way it is handled in a similar manner to many other thickeners for water based systems. Laponite RDS - a rapidly dispersing sol forming grade which can be made into a concentrated stock dispersion (up to 10% solids) of low viscosity. Laponite RDS is modified to delay its gelling properties until it is added as a dispersion into a formulated product. The unique sol forming properties of Laponite RDS allow it to be used as a post-additive or corrective thickener and also in free water lean formulations. The stock dispersion may be prepared in advance and then added to successive production batches. Both Laponite RD and Laponite RDS should be pre-dispersed in water and allowed to fully hydrate to form clear dispersions before use.
Example recommended dispersion and hydration times (20qC) Concentration in premix
Dispersion and hydration time
2 10
15 minutes 40 minutes
Laponite RD Laponite RDS
Laponite disperses readily in tap water at ambient temperature; at elevated temperatures, up to 60qC, the rate of hydration is greatly increased. The use of high shear mixing is not required to disperse Laponite.
5.
Compatibility Laponite is compatible with a wide range of resin types, glycol ethers, alcohols, commonly used biocides, hydroxides and sodium hypochlorite. It may often be used with great effectiveness with other thickeners for water based systems, for example cellulose ethers, Xanthan gum, polyacrylates, polyurethanes etc.. In some combinations of thickeners synergistic interactions with Laponite give greatly improved efficiency and cost effectiveness. Laponite will assist in the emulsification of silicone or mineral oils in water by increasing the low shear viscosity of the aqueous phase. It is compatible with non-ionic and anionic and some amphoteric surfactants. Laponite itself is a highly anionic material and will co-flocculate cationic compounds giving greatly reduced viscosity build.
6.
Regulatory status •
TSCA listing under the CAS name sodium magnesium lithium silicate. CAS No. 53320-86-8.
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Index of Formulations
Interior decorative coatings Formulation Ref ID/1 ID/2 ID/3 ID/4 ID/5 ID/6 ID/7 ID/8 ID/9
Page Smooth masonry paint Textured masonry paint Contract vinyl matt First quality vinyl silk Coalescent free paint for new plaster Solid paint Interior float coating Silicate based emulsion paint Multicolour paint
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
Exterior decorative coatings Formulation Ref ED/1 ED/2 ED/3 ED/4 ED/5 ED/6
Water based paint Silicone based coating Exterior round aggregate Exterior floating 'One-coat' wall coating Water reducible white brushing enamel
7 7 8 8 9 10
Interior/exterior gloss paint Paint for door application - brush Paint for door application - roller Industrial clear wood coating for spray Water reducible wood stain Clear coat finish for interior wood Water based wiping stain Wood stain - brown Wood stain - reddish brown
11 11 12 12 13 13 14 15 15
Coatings for wood Formulation Ref CW/1 CW/2 CW/3 CW/4 CW/5 CW/6 CW/7 CW/8 CW/9
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Industrial and Protective coatings Formulation Ref IC/1 IC/2 IC/3 IC/4 IC/5 IC/6 IC/7 IC/8 IC/9 IC/10 IC/11 IC/12 IC/13 IC/14 IC/15
Page Rust conversion coating Anticorrosive primer High build finishing paint Satin gloss corrosion resistant finish Non leafing metallic paint Anticondensation paint - 1 Anticondensation paint - 2 Anticorrosion primer (dip or spray) Inorganic zinc primer Spray paint - high gloss Industrial dipping paint Finishing paint Brush application paint - high gloss Stoving enamel Two-pack finishing paint
16 16 17 17 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23
Screen ink for wallpaper Screen ink for textiles Metallic screen ink for textiles Gravure bright silver (non leafing) Gravure bright silver (leafing) Gravure rich gold Flexographic bronze rich gold Gravure bronze rich gold Flexographic bronze rich gold Pearl lustre gold Pearl lustre silver Gravure ink based on aluminium pigment
24 24 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 27 27 28
Printing Inks Formulation Ref PI/1 PI/2 PI/3 PI/4 PI/5 PI/6 PI/7 PI/8 PI/9 PI/10 PI/11 PI/12
Guide to raw material suppliers for ink formulations
iv
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Formulation ID/1 Order of addition water Natrosol Plus Laponite RD
Smooth Masonry Paint % weight
Volume
15.00 0.24 0.45
15.00 0.24 0.45
0.25 0.10 0.15 0.40 20.00 3.00 3.00 6.00
0.21 0.11 0.13 0.31 4.76 1.11 1.11 2.07
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 CF 107 Acticide BX Acticide EP Paste TiONa 535 Speswhite clay Snowcal 60 Microtalc AT 200
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Vinamul 3459 CF 107 Texanol water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
28.00 0.10 0.20 22.86 0.25
26.17 0.11 0.21 22.86 0.27
Total
100.00
75.12
Non-volatile content by weight = 48.09% Non-volatile content by volume = 30.79% pH = 8.20 @ 20qC SG = 1.33 @ 20qC PVC = 40%
ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 10.5P ICI Gel Strength = 45 gm/cm Stormer Viscosity = 112 KU
Formulation ID/2 Order of addition water Natrosol Plus Laponite RD
Textured Masonry Paint % weight
Volume
12.00 0.25 0.25
12.00 0.25 0.25
0.30 0.10 0.15 0.40 15.00 15.00 5.00 3.00
0.25 0.11 0.13 0.31 3.57 5.26 1.75 1.11
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 Bevaloid 6685 Acticide BX Acticide EP Paste TiONa 535 Microdol 1 Microdol 40/200 Durcal 40
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Vinamul 3459 Bevaloid 6685 Texanol water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
33.00 0.10 1.50 13.70 0.25
30.84 0.11 1.58 13.70 0.27
Total
100.00
71.49
Non-volatile content by weight = 56.65% ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 8.5P Non-volatile content by volume = 39.12% ICI Gel Strength = 27 gm/cm pH = 8.5 @ 20qC Stormer Viscosity = 102 KU SG = 1.4 @ 20qC PVC = 42%
1
Formulation ID/3
Contract Vinyl Matt
Order of addition
% weight
Volume
water Natrosol Plus 330
18.00 0.35
18.00 0.35
0.25 0.05 0.15 12.00 12.00 6.00 10.00
0.22 0.05 0.13 3.33 4.21 10.34 3.70
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 CF 107 Acticide BX TiONa 376 Microdol AT Extra Talc 262840/200 Speswhite clay
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Harco VV 575 CF 107 Texanol 10% Laponite RDS water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
12.00 0.05 1.00 2.00 25.95 0.20
11.11 0.05 1.05 2.00 25.95 0.22
Total
100.00
80.71
Non-volatile content by weight = 47.15% Non-volatile content by volume = 34.53% pH = 8.6 @ 20qC SG = 1.24 @ 20qC PVC = 79%
ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 7P ICI Gel Strength = 12 gm/cm Stormer Viscosity = 89 KU
Formulation ID/4 Order of addition water Laponite RD 9H4 CMC
First Quality Vinyl Silk % weight
Volume
20.00 0.15 0.23
20.00 0.15 0.23
0.53 0.10 0.21 18.17 2.14
0.45 0.11 0.20 4.33 0.79
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 Henkel 8034 Mergal K6N TiONa 535 Snowcal 60
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Viking 2920 Coatex 2000 Henkel 8034 Ropaque OP62 Texanol water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
37.40 0.32 0.10 5.34 1.00 14.01 0.30
34.95 0.30 0.11 5.04 1.05 14.12 0.33
Total
100.00
82.05
Non-volatile content by weight = 42.86% Non-volatile content by volume = 30.51% pH = 8.5 @ 20qC SG = 1.22 @ 20qC PVC = 26%
ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 8P ICI Gel Strength = 27 gm/cm Stormer Viscosity = 97 KU
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Formulation ID/5
Coalescent Free Paint for New Plaster
Order of addition water Laponite RD 9H4 CMC
% weight
Volume
37.50 0.19 0.29
37.50 0.19 0.29
0.30 0.10 0.30 14.00 8.00 12.00 10.00
0.25 0.11 0.29 3.89 2.96 4.44 3.70
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 Henkel 8034 Mergal K6N TiONa 376 Polestar 200P Snowcal 60 Speswhite clay
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Vinamul 3692 Henkel 8034 water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
Total Non-volatile content by weight = 49.71% Non-volatile content by volume = 28.57% pH = 8.6 @ 20qC SG = 1.42 @ 20qC PVC = 76%
9.50 0.10 7.50 0.22
8.88 0.11 7.50 0.24
100.00
70.35
ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 11P ICI Gel Strength = 21 gm/cm Stormer Viscosity = 106 KU
Formulation ID/6
Solid Paint
Emulsion paint resistant to scrubbing according to DIN 53 778, highly thixotropic, reduced spatter Order of addition
Weight
Water Laponite RD Concentrated Ammonia Calgon N,10% Optimix A K6N Byk W Tiona 372 Socal P2 Finntalc M 15 Chinafill 84 Naintsch ST 60 Omya Special Acronal 290D Taxanol White Spirit K 60 Borchigel L 75, 10%
374.5 20.0 1.0 10.0 3.5 2.0 2.0 80.0 150.0 80.0 50.0 30.0 50.0 95.0 5.0 7.0 40.0 1000.0
Brightness according to DIM,HBW-A (%) Contrast ratio, height of cap in coating μm (%) Washability according to DIN 53 778 Viscosity (mPas) Gloss at 85q (%) 3 Density (g/cm )
88.50 99.55 >5000 4300 2.6 1.40
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Formulation ID/7
Interior Float Coating - "Putz"
Water Tylose MH 300 Laponite RD Ammonia Optimix A KM 102 Byk 073 Mowilith DM 122 Tiona 535 Durcal 10 Durcal 40 Durcal 130 Lime, beads (1.25-1.8)*
120.5 2.0 1.5 3.0 2.0 1.0 3.0 80.0 44.0 50.0 23.0 58.0 90.0 978.0
Viscosity, Haake Spreading properties Texture Solids content (weight)
10600 mPas good good 78.2%
* Solvay-Alkali product
Formulation ID/8
Silicate-based Emulsion Paint
Water Laponite RD Natrosol HHR Ammonia Betolin Quart 5 Betolin EP 219 Tiona 372 Socal P2 Durcal 5 Silica flour H 500 White spirit K 60 Shellsol A Alberdingk SC 44 Byk 040 Betolin Ep 219
127 1 1 1 10 150 80 100 120 150 5 3 50 2 200 1000
Test Data: Brightness, HBW A 2 Contrast ration 300g/m according to DIN Gloss <85q Viscosity,Haake E, after preparation Haake E, 28 days later Blue-yellow value
88.0% 99.48 2.7% 2000 mPas 2400 mPas 5.3
4
Formulation ID/9
Water based multicolour paint
Introduction This describes a starter formulation suitable for making a water based multicolour paint. The formulation uses a single base paint which is then split into two or more portions and tinted as required. The separate colours are blended together again in a stabilized sol dispersion of Laponite. By following the mixing procedure described in stage 3 a product is formed where the individual paint particles or flecks are covered in a thin layer of Laponite gel. This gel coating acts as a physical barrier to prevent the different colours mixing together. The exceptional shear thinning shown by Laponite gels has the additional benefit of acting as a lubricant between the paint particles to prevent their blending during mixing and spray application. This formulation shows excellent long term storage and application stability. In developing a commercial formulation for multicolour paint it is likely that the secondary colour, the flecks, will be made to a slightly different formulation than the primary colour. Modification of the rheology of the secondary colour to give a more elastic texture can allow the production of a paint which has a larger fleck size in the coated film. This can be achieved by replacing part of the Laponite and hydroxyethyl cellulose system shown with thickeners which show reduced shear thinning and give extended viscosity in the higher shear range such as polyurethane associatives and some organic gums.
The formulation has been divided into three stages Preparation of base paints Tinting Blending of separate colours into the multicolour product
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Stage 1
Preparation of base paint Order of Addition
% weight
Water Laponite RD
35.73 0.34 Mix until Laponite is fully hydrated
Natrosol 250 MHR
0.24 Mix and add the following
Dispersant (Tamol 731)* Wetting agent (Triton CF-10) Defoamer (Dispelair CF107) Biocide (Acticide AZ) Titanium dioxide (RCL 535) Calcium carbonate (Queensfill 300)
0.66 0.19 0.19 0.09 4.73 23.65
Disperse to 5 Hegman, then add Latex (Viking 2920) Defoamer (Dispelair CF 107) Water
28.37 0.09 5.72
Total
100.0
* In some regions this product is called Orotan 731.
It is possible to further increase the elasticity of the secondary colour by including an associative thickener in the formulation. This can have the effect of producing a larger fleck size which is a desirable property in multicolour paint.
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Stage 2
Tinting
The primary and secondary colours should be prepared in the required quantities. In practice the actual proportion of each colour varies widely depending upon the manufacturer, the product and end application. For the purpose of showing an example Stage 3 describes a paint composed of:90 parts white 5 parts red 5 parts blue Tinting should be carried out by adding pigment dispersion concentrates to the concentration required by the paint producer. Multicolour paints covering the whole colour spectrum are possible. For maximum long term colour stability it is highly recommended that pigment pastes dispersed in water are used. The Hüls Aquatrend range is suitable.
Stage 3
Blending of multicolour product
In this final stage the separate colours are successively added to a concentrated colloidal sol dispersion of Laponite which has been stabilized at a low viscosity by tetrasodium pyrophosphate. When the paint comes into contact with the Laponite sol dispersion a thin coating of Laponite gel is formed on the surface of the paint. This is caused by the interaction between the polar compounds present in the paint and the Laponite sol. Slow speed mixing (50 rpm or less) causes the paint to break up into small particles which are separated from each other by the protective coating of Laponite gel. A colloidal styrene acrylic emulsion is added to incorporate the free Laponite gel firmly into the film on drying. This gives a significantly improved scrub resistance to the coating.
Order of Addition
% weight
Water Tetrasodium pyrophosphate
41.57 0.04 Mix until TSPP is dissolved 2.00
Laponite RD Mix until Laponite is fully hydrated, then add White base paint Blue tinted base Red tinted base Water Styrene Acrylic emulsion (Viking 5455) Coalescent (Texanol)
32.80 2.50 2.50 10.80 7.56 0.23
Total
100.0
Mix the final formulation very slowly. Speed and duration of mixing are important factors in determining the particle size of the secondary colours.
Application Before use, stir the paint gently. Do not shear. Do not thin. Apply by spray in cross lay method. Use high volume, low pressure (HVLP) equipment. The Sata NR HVLP or the Binks Mach 1 HVLP sprayguns are suitable. The pot pressure should be 10 psi (0.70 bar) and the air pressure at the gun should be 5-10 psi (0.35-0.70 bar) with inlet pressure to the gun being 65-75 psi (4.5-5.2 bar).
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Formulation ED/1 WATER-BASED PAINT for exterior application, thixotropic, satin finish Water Laponite RD Propylene glycol Optimix A Tiona RCL-535 Socal P2 Byk 020 Parmetol A 23 Water Methyl diglycol Dowanol DPmB Rohm and Haas EP-2592 Ropaque OP-62 Acrysol RM 1020 Acrysol RM 8 Triton CR7M
61.5 2.5 50.0 8.0 180.0 50.0 2.5 1.5 40.0 20.0 12.0 450.0 67.0 47.0 7.0 1.0 1000.0
Test data: Brightness HBW-A Contrast ratio, height of gap in coating 200 μm Blue/yellow value Gloss <85q Gloss <60q Viscosity, Haake E
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (mPa.s)
93.5 98.18 -0.7 53.7 11.5 1300
Formulation ED/2 SILICONE-BASED COATING Water Laponite RD Walocel XM 40000 pv NH3 Optimix A Tiona RCL-388 Socal P2 Calcidar 5 Mica P Tego Phobe 1000 Mowilith DM 60 Texanol K6N Foamex LA 129
189.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 90.0 100.0 290.0 70.0 110.0 135.0 5.0 2.0 3.0 1000.0
Test results: Brightness HBW-A Contrast ratio μm Blue/yellow value Gloss >85q Viscosity, Haake-E after preparation after 28 days at 50qC sd value water absorption capacity
Formulation ED/3 7
(%) (%) (%) (%)
86.8 98.0 -5.3 2.4
(mPa.s) (mPa.s) (m) 2 (kg/m /h)
1200 3000 0.09 0.24
EXTERIOR ROUND AGGREGATE Water Tylose MH 300 Laponite RD Ammonia Optimix A Mergal AF Byk 073 White spirit K 60 Mowilith DM 122 Tiona 535 Calibrite SL Durcal 130 Granicalcium 0.35-0.7 Cranicalcium 0.5-1.5 Butyl diglycol acetate Dibutyl phthalate
63.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 8.0 140.0 50.0 120.0 100.0 350.0 40.0 4.0 4.0 891.5
Viscosity, Haake E Spreading properties Texture Solids content (weight)
(mPa.s)
(%)
11900 good good 74.0
Formulation ED/4 EXTERIOR FLOATING Water Tylose MHB 10000 yp Laponite RD Ammonia Optimix A Mergal AF Byk 0, 73 Mowilith DM 122 Tiona 535 Durcal 40 Durcal 130 Quartz (beads No.4)
80.5 2.0 1.5 3.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 14.0 20.0 97.0 558.0 80.0 989.0
Viscosity, Haake Spreading properties Texture Solids content (weight)
(mPa.s)
(%)
8
8700 god good 76.3
Formulation ED/5 ONE-COAT WALL COATING FOR EXTERIOR APPLICATION Water Tylose MHB 30000 yp Laponite RD Caustic soda solution, 10% Calgon N,10% Optimix A Tiona RCL-388 Socal P2 Finntalc M 15 Chinafill 84 Mica P Acronal 290 D Ethylene glycol White spirit, K 60 Butyl diglycol Parmetol A 23 Byk 073
222.0 4.0 1.5 1.0 10.0 3.5 25.0 30.0 60.0 50.0 70.0 230.0 40.0 10.0 12.0 3.0 3.0 1000.0
Test data:
Brightness HBW A Opacity Contrast ratio, height of gap in coating 200 μm Blue-yellow value Gloss <85% Viscosity, Haake E after 1 day at room temperature after 28 days storage at 50qC Crack free up to
(%)
88.5
(%)
99.76
(%)
-5.4
(mPa.s) (mPa.s) (μm)
9
3300 3800 2000
Formulation ED/6 WATER REDUCIBLE WHITE BRUSHING ENAMEL Use of water reducible alkyds is growing as coatings are increasingly being converted from solvent based to waterborne. In this formulation Laponite RDS increases viscosity and improves sag resistance and syneresis control without decreasing gloss or levelling. Laponite RDS is used here in a premix that will remain fluid over 2-3 weeks, allowing a stock to be prepared which may be used in a succession of paint batches.
order of addition
% weight
PART A - Laponite RDS premix Laponite RDS water
0.44 5.00
mix for 30 minutes, premix the following: PART B Butyl Cellosolve 6% Zirco Intercar drier 6% Cobalt Intercar drier Activ-8 Antiskinning agent
3.94 0.33 0.33 0.11 0.11
mix rapidly: Cargill 74-7432 Alkyd Propyl propasol
20.0 2.40
add the following, then disperse to 7 Hegman Ammonium hydroxide (0.91) Titanium dioxide CR-800 water
0.85 19.50 7.30
then add: Cargill 74-7432 Alkyd Ammonium hydroxide (0.91)
7.00 0.50
mix until homogenous, add Part B, stir for 30 minutes, then add: water Ammonium hydroxide (0.91)
31.84 0.35 100.00
Finally, add Part A, the Laponite RDS premix and stir until homogenous
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Formulation CW/1 Interior/exterior gloss paint Order of addition
% weight
function
Water Polypropylene glycol AMP-95 Dehydran 1620 Surfynol 104E Neocryl BT-24 Tioxide TR92
2.88 2.43 0.20 0.25 0.40 3.14 24.36
dispersant defoamer dispersant dispersant pigment
59.95 2.28 0.26
acrylic emulsion coalescent defoamer
Grind to Hegman 7, then add: Neocryl XA 5090 Dowanol DPM Dehydran 1620
Premix the following for 20 minutes, then add to the formulation Laponite RDS Water
0.23 2.66
thickener
0.96 100.00
thickener
Then add Rheolate 350
Formulation adapted from original work by Zeneca.
Formulation CW/2 PAINT FOR DOOR APPLICATION According to DIN 53 778-S-M solvent-free, highly suitable for brush application Water Tylose MHB 30000 yp Laponite RD Caustic soda solution, 10% Calgon N, 10% Optimix A Tiona RCL-535 Socal P2 Steamic OXO Durcal 2 Alberdingk + Boley AS 6000 Mergal K 9 N Byk 033 Borchigel L75, 10%
333.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 10.0 3.0 140.0 200.0 80.0 60.0 150.0 2.0 2.0 15.0 1000.0
Test Data Brightness, HBW A Opacity Contrast ratio with height of gap in coating 100 μm height of gap in coating 100 μm Blue-yellow value Gloss < 85q Viscosity, Haake VT 500 after 1 day at room temperature after 28 days storage at 50qC Washability according to DIN 53 778 after 28 days, 23qC/50% relative humidity Density
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(%)
93.0
(%) (%)
98.95 99.47
(%)
-1.2
(mPa.s) (mPa.s)
2100 2300
(cycles) 3 (g/cm )
>5000 1.52
Formulation CW/3 PAINT FOR DOOR APPLICATION According to DIN 53 778-S-M solvent-free, highly suitable for roller application Water Tylose MHB 30000 yp Laponite RD Caustic soda solution, 10% Calgon N, 10% Optimix A Tiona RCL-535 Socal P2 Steamic OXO Durcal 2 Alberdingk + Boley AS 6000 Mergal K 9 N Byk 033 Borchigel L75, 10%
333.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 10.0 3.0 140.0 200.0 80.0 60.0 150.0 2.0 2.0 15.0 1000.0
Test Data Brightness, HBW A Opacity Contrast ratio with height of gap in coating 100 μm height of gap in coating 100 μm Blue-yellow value Gloss < 85q Viscosity, Haake VT 500 after 1 day at room temperature after 28 days storage at 50qC Washability according to DIN 53 778 after 28 days, 23qC/50% relative humidity Density
(%)
93.0
(%) (%)
98.95 99.47
(%)
-1.2
(mPa.s) (mPa.s)
2100 2300
(cycles) 3 (g/cm )
>5000 1.52
Formulation CW/4 INDUSTRIAL CLEAR WOOD COATING FOR SPRAY APPLICATION Order of Addition
% weight
Luhydran A8485 BYK 346 Tego Foamex 805 Incorez W830/310 Laponite RDS (10% dispersion) Butyl Diglycol Aquacer Acticide LG Tego Foamex 805
60.00 0.10 0.10 33.10 1.50 1.60 3.00 0.10 0.10 100.00
pH = 8.0 @ 20qC Brookfield Viscosity = 85cP (sp 2, 60rpm, 1 min)
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Function acrylic resin flow additive defoamer polyurethane dispersion rheology control agent coalescing solvent polythene wax preservative defoamer
Formulation CW/5 WATER REDUCIBLE WOOD STAIN Order of addition
% weight
Add with mixing Cargill Modified Linseed Oil Dow Corning Additive #51 Brown Iron Oxide B-2093F Patcote 577
11.10 0.11 5.70 0.29
Disperse to 6 Hegman, then add: Cargill Modified Linseed Oil
61.9
Premix the following: Butyl Cellosolve Manganese hydrocure II (8%)
3.44 1,33
Stir premix into the batch, then add: water Ammonium hydroxide (0.91)
7.24 0.22
Mix the following for 30 minutes, then add to batch, stir until homogenous water Laponite RDS
8.00 0.67 100.00
Formulation CW/6 CLEAR COAT FINISH FOR INTERIOR WOOD This formulation, based on the acrylic emulsion Neocryl XA-6053 from Zeneca, has been developed for use on primed or stained wood. Order of addition
% weight
water Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Laponite RD
15.00 0.004 0.12
Stir for 15 minutes, then add with mixing: Propylene glycol n-Butyl ether (Dowanol PnB) Dipropylene glycol n-Butyl either (Dowanol DPnB) Plasticizer (Kodaflex DPB) Ammonium hydroxide (28% solution) Defoamer (Dehydran 1293)
7.30 2.40 0.81 0.15 0.18
Then add with rapid agitation: Neocryl XA-6053
73.68
Mix for 10 minutes, then add: wetting agent (BYK 346) Mar aid (BYK 301)
0.18 0.18 100.00
Viscosity: 12000 cP, Brookfield LVT, Spindle 3, 3rpm Gloss: 80%, 60% Angle (Formula adapted from original work by Zeneca)
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Formulation CW/7 Water based wiping stain In this formulation, Laponite prevents pigment settling without increasing viscosity. Mix with agitation
% weight
Water H-D Trans Yellow B223 H-D Trans Red B123 Irgasperse Red G-U Irgasperse Brown R-U Aurasperse W-7017 Black
17.38 0.69 2.07 2.48 0.96 0.73
function
pigment pigment pigment pigment pigment
When dispersed add: Rhoplex ST-77* Foamaster Exp 63 Propylene glycol Ammonia (14% solution) Water Acrysol ASE-60
36.38 0.23 4.53 1.52 11.08 6.02
acrylic emulsion defoamer coalescent neutralizing agent thickener
Premix Laponite for 20 minutes, then add to the formulation Laponite RD Water
0.05 8.91
Adjust viscosity to 35-45 seconds, No.2 Zahn cup Water
6.97 100.00
* (Rhoplex ST-77 formerly E-2977)
Formulation adapted from original work by Rohm and Haas.
14
anti-settling agent
Formulation CW/8 WOOD STAIN water-based, brown Water Concentrated ammonia Laponite RD Optimix A Colanyl black Luconyl orange Byk 033 Texanol Dilexo 37 Mergal BCM
691.0 1.5 6.0 0.8 0.4 12.0 0.1 15.0 270.0 2.3 1000.0
Test data: Viscosity, Haake-E after preparation after 28 days storage at 50qC pH
(mPa.s) (mPa.s)
45 60 9.3
Formulation CW/9 WOOD STAIN water-based, reddish brown Worlessol 31 Worleesol 22 Laponite RD Concentrated ammonia Activ 8 Servosyn WEB, co 8% Servosyn WEB, Mn 9% Luconyl orange 2416 Luconyl red 2817 Water
347.0 84.0 15.0 4.5 1.0 2.0 6.0 43.0 7.0 490.5 1000.0
Test Data: Viscosity, Haake-E after preparation pH
(mPa.s)
15
1050 7.5
Formulation IC/1 Rust Conversion Coating (based on tannic acid/Polidene 33-065 and Laponite RDS) Order of addition
% weight
volume
Water Laponite RDS Bevaloid 642 Kelzan 'S' Tannic acid (Tec 90) Dowfax 2A1 Micronised barytes Butyl Ethoxol Haloflex 202
11.14 0.70 0.20 0.20 4.05 0.10 25.92 2.22 55.47 100.00
11.09 0.75 0.22 0.125 10.125 0.086 5.76 2.46 46.225 76.84
Non volatile content by weight Non volatile content by volume pH SG PVC
= = = = =
function
thickener defoamer thickener chelating agent surfactant extender coalescent vinyl acrylic copolymer
64.20% 54.37% 3.3 @ 20qc 1.3 @ 20qc 18.71%
A formulation based upon gallic acid is available on request.
Formulation IC/2 Anti-corrosive Primer (based on Haloflex 202/Zinc phosphate and Laponite RD) Order of addition
% weight
volume
Water Laponite RD Bevaloid 642 Synperonic PE/F87 (30%) Butyl Ethoxol Acticide AZ Zinc phosphate Micronised Barytes Micronised red iron oxide Synperonic PE/F87 (30%) Haloflex 202 (adjust pH to 4.0 with ammonia) Water
8.08 0.21 0.20 0.79 1.98 0.10 5.73 15.42 2.57 3.54 59.00
8.08 0.21 0.22 0.78 2.19 0.09 1.43 3.43 0.51 3.50 45.74
2.38 100.00
2.38 68.56
Non volatile content by weight Non volatile content by volume pH SG PVC
= = = = =
16
60.47% 42.67% 4.5 @ 20qc 1.46 @ 20qc 19.3%
function
thickener defoamer dispersant coalescent biocide anti-corrosive pigment extender pigment dispersant vinyl acrylic copolymer
Formulation IC/3 High build finishing paint (based on Haloflex 208 and Laponite RD) Order of addition
% weight
volume
Water Laponite RD Bevaloid 642 Orotan 850 Acticide AZ Synperonic PE/F87 (30%) Butyl Ethoxol Micro Mica W1 Kronos 2190 Synperonic PE/F87 (30%) Haloflex 208 (adjust pH 4.0 with ammonia) Water
8.00 0.18 0.20 0.69 0.10 1.00 2.30 21.71 12.94 2.57 40.34
8.00 0.18 0.22 0.63 0.09 0.99 2.54 7.64 3.16 2.54 33.90
9.97 100.00
9.97 69.86
Non volatile content by weight Non volatile content by volume pH SG PVC
= = = = =
function
thickener defoamer dispersant biocide dispersant coalescent extender pigment stabilizer vinyl acrylic copolymer
60.1% 42.5% 6.1 @ 20qc 1.43 @ 20qc 37.9%
Formulation IC/4 Satin gloss corrosion resistant finish (based on Haloflex 208 and Laponite RDS) Order of addition
% weight
volume
Water Laponite RDS Bevaloid 642 Synperonic NP 30 (20%) Texanol Acticide AZ Orotan 850 Kronos 2190 Synperonic NP 30 (20%) Haloflex 208 (adjust pH to 4.0 with ammonia) Water
1.89 0.21 0.20 1.45 2.49 0.01 0.30 18.37 5.00 58.35
1.89 0.21 0.22 1.43 2.62 0.01 0.27 4.48 4.93 45.23
11.73 100.00
11.73 73.02
Non volatile content by weight Non volatile content by volume pH SG PVC
= = = = =
17
function
thickener defoamer surfactant coalescent biocide dispersant pigment surfactant vinyl acrylic copolymer
54.9% 38.4% 5.1 @ 20qc 1.37 @ 20qc 16.8%
Formulation IC/5 Non-leafing metallic paint Order of addition
% weight
Function
water Kelsol 3906
41.55 27.30
short oil alkyd resin
1.28 0.64
coalescent metal drier
Am
Mix, then premix the following: Butyl cellosolve Cobalt Hydrocure II 8% Active 8 Manganese Hydrocure II 8%
0.25 0.34
metal drier
Add the premix to the alkyd resin dispersion, then add the following: Butyl cellosolve Hydropaste 82255 Aluminium
3.01 12.60
pigment
Disperse until homogenous, then add the premix of Laponite RDS water Laponite RDS
11.32 0.45 100.00
18
anti-settling agent
Formulation IC/6 Anti condensation paint - 1 Suitable for air or airless spray application Order of addition
% weight
Function
Pliotec LSI Disperbyk 181 Surfynol 104E Foamex 7447 Tioxide RHD2 Blanc Fixe N Alumina Trihydrate SH100
20.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 5.0 8.0 4.0
acrylic emulsion dispersant dispersant defoamer pigment extender extender
0.5 1.25 0.82
neutralizing agent coalescent plasticizer
Disperse, then add: Dimethylethanolamine Dowanol DPnB Kodaflex TXiB
Premix the following for 20 minutes, then add to the formulation Laponite RD Water
0.4 27.6
thickener
0.8 14.75 16.18 100.00
thickener filler
Then add: Collacryl PU 85 (25%) Microspheres B46/4000 Water Formulation adapted from original work by Goodyear
Formulation IC/7 Anti condensation paint - 2 Suitable for air or airless spray application Order of addition
% weight
Function
Pliotec LSI Disperbyk 181 Surfynol 104E Foamex 7447 Tioxide RHD2 Blanc Fixe N Alumina Trihydrate SH100
20.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 10.0 17.0 4.0
acrylic emulsion dispersant dispersant defoamer pigment extender extender
0.5 1.25 0.82
neutralizing agent coalescent plasticizer
Disperse, then add: Dimethylethanolamine Dowanol DPnB Kodaflex TXiB
Premix the following for 20 minutes, then add to the formulation: Laponite RD Water
0.8 39.53
thickener
0.4 5.0 100.0
thickener filler
Then add: Collacryl PU 85 (25%) Perlite Maxol P Formulation adapted from original work by Goodyear.
19
Formulation IC/8 Anti-Corrosion Primer for spray and dip application water-thinnable, high opacity, matt Ingredient
Function
wt %
Bayhydrol B130 Ascinin Rmin WEB Co 8% Butyl glycol Bayferrox 110 M Omya DRB 3 Talcum 15 MO Heucophos ZMP Zinc white resin sealant F Aerosil 300 Laponite RDS, 10%
anti-corrosion primer anti skinning agent drier
293.7 1.5 0.8 4.5 53.0 25.0 53.0 53.0 5.5 1.0 10.0 500.0
red iron oxide pigment CaC03 extender talc extender anti-corrosion anti-corrosion matting silica
Product Evaluation Hiding power Contrast ratio with a 100 μm applicator aperture Gloss <20q/<60q/<85q CIELAB-L*/a*/b* Viscosity after manufacture - VT-500 Water Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 Degree of grinding pH
(%) (%) (Pa.s) (%) (s) (μm)
100.00 2.1/7.4 39.88/26.30/20.58 5.9 21.7 42.0 20.0 9.0
Formulation IC/9 Inorganic Zinc Primer Order of addition
% weight
PART A Premix: water Potassium silicate, 30%
5.86 20.53
PART B Premix: water Laponite RDS
2.93 0.21
Add Part B slowly to Part A using high shear, then add: Astrazon 7 GLL 200 Yellow dye (5% solution)
0.09
Addition at time of application Zinc dust
70.38 100.00
20
Formulation IC/10 Spray Paint High-gloss, water-thinnable Ingredient
Function
wt %
Worleesol 61A Triethylamine Water Sicomin red L 3025 WEB Co 8% WEB Mn 9% Ethylene glycol Worleesol 61A Exin 2 Ammonia, concentrated Ethylene glycol Water Butanol Add 330 Add 327 Laponite RDS, 10%
spraying varnish
50.0 3.0 37.8 40.0 1.2 1.5 5.0 125.0 1.0 3.0 15.0 189.0 15.0 2.5 1.0 10.0 500.0
red pigment drier drier spraying varnish anti skinning
levelling
Product Evaluation Hiding power Contrast ratio with a 100 μm applicator aperture Gloss <20q/60q/85q CIELAB-L*/a*/b* Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 Degree of grinding pH
(%) (%) (s) (μm)
73.00 87.6/97.0/96.7 51.9/53.73/39.23 17 20 9.5
Formulation IC/11 Industrial Dipping Paint High gloss, water-thinnable
Ingredient
Function
wt %
Worleesol 61A Triethylamine Water Byk 080 WEB Co 8% WEN Mn 9% Butyl glycol Bayferrox 110 M Tiona RCL-535 Worleesol 61A Triethylamine Butyl glycol Butyl diglycol Water Laponite RDS, 10%
binder
50.0 3.0 35.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 4.5 9.8 66.5 108.0 3.0 13.5 13.5 181.2 10.0 500.0
defoamer drier drier red iron oxide pigment binder
Product Evaluation Hiding power Contrast ratio with a 100 μm applicator aperture Gloss <20q/<60q/85% CIELAB-L*/a*/b* Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 Degree of grinding pH
(%) (%) (s) (μm)
21
97.12 79.4/93.3/98.3 58.28/28.67/19.98 210 20 9.5
Formulation IC/12 Finishing Paint High gloss, water-thinnable, air drying
Ingredient
Function
wt %
Bayhydrol VP LS 2803 Tiona RCL-535 Byk 020 WEB Co 8% Laponite RDS, 10%
finishing varnish Ti02 pigment defoamer drier
751.0 220.0 6.0 3.0 20.0 1000.0
Product Evaluation Brightness HBW-A Hiding power Contrast ratio with a 100 μm applicator aperture Blue/yellow value Gloss <20q/<60q/<85q Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 Degree of grinding pH
(5)
(%) (%) (s) (μm)
86.2
96.05 -1.9 67.0/86.7/95.6 146 15 7.0
Formulation IC/13 Brush Application Paint High gloss, water-thinnable, air drying, thixotropic
Ingredient
Function
wt %
Jäger MSL 40 Tiona RCL-535 DMEA Water Baysilon oil A Hydrolith drier Water Laponite RDS, 10%
brushing varnish Ti02 pigment
258.0 126.0 17.0 16.0 5.0 9.0 439.0 10.0 880.0
wetting agent drier
Product evaluation
Brightness HBW-A Hiding power Contrast ratio with a 100μm applicator aperture Blue/yellow value Gloss <20q/<60q/<85q Viscosity after manufacture - VT-500 Water Viscosity after adjustment - VT-500 pH
(5)
(%) (%) (Pa.s) (%) (Pa.s)
22
89.1
94.80 -2.0 74.1/91.3/95.4 4.9 40.0 1.9 9.0
Formulation IC/14 Stoving Enamel High gloss, water-thinnable, high opacity (stoving conditions: 150qC, 20 min) Ingredient Synaqua 227WL/58 Luwipal 066 Tiona RCL-535 Chromoxide green GN Blanc fixe HD 80 Butyl diglycol Water Byk 341 Efka 34 Laponite RDS, 10%
Function wt % stoving varnish Ti02 pigment green pigment barium sulphate extender
wetting agent anti-crater agent
200.0 30.0 25.0 40.0 45.0 12.5 126.5 1.0 10.0 10.0 500.0
Product evaluation Hiding power Contrast ratio with a 100 μm applicator aperture Gloss <20q/<60q/<85q CIELAB-L*/a*/b* Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 Water Viscosity after adjustment - DIN-4 Degree of grinding pH
(%) (%) (s) (%) (s) (μm)
98.72 5.7/46.3/84.3 52.88/-14.54/13.22 125.0 14.4 45.0 10.0 8.8
Formulation IC/15 Two-pack Finishing Paint High gloss, water-thinnable Ingredient
Function wt %
Part A Synaqua 3510 WL Byk 020 Chromoxide green GN Tiona RCL-535 Blanc fixe HD 80 Efka 450 Water Synaqua 3510 WL Byk 341 AMP 90 Efka 34 Water Laponite RDS, 10% Part B Desmodur LS 2980 Proglide DMM
finishing varnish defoamer neutralizing amine green pigment barium sulphate extender dispersant finishing varnish wetting agent neutralizing amine anti-crater agent
binder glycol ether solvent
190.0 6.0 14.0 120.0 100.0 5.0 125.0 124.0 8.0 8.0 13.0 237.0 20.0 1000.0 190.0 10.0 200.0
Product evaluation Gloss <20q/<60q/<85q CIEBLAB-L*/a*/b* Viscosity component A - VT-500 Water Viscosity after adjustment - DIN-4 Degree of grinding pH
(%) Pa(s) (%) (s) (μm)
23
60.3/85.3/92.4 50.66/-14.92/13.90 8.1 22.0 33.0 15.0 8.0
Formulation PI/1 a)
Silk screen ink for wallpaper
Clear coat % 40.00 5.00 25.00 10.00 20.00 100.00
Zinpol 1519, 40% Water/IPA Water Diaceton alcohol Isopropanol Laponite RDS (10% w/w)
Add co-solvents to Zinpol 1519 and mix at 400 rpm for 10 mins. b)
Pigment preparation % 15.00 52.50 30.00 2.50 100.00
Isopropanol Water Mikrolith-WA (yellow) Ammonia (25%)
Add pigment to water/isopropanol and adjust pH with ammonia. Mix for 15 mins at 600 rpm. Add Laponite RDS sol from (a) and mix for 15 mins. Add part (a) to (b) and mix for 30 mins. Brookfield viscosity T-bar D = 23-27,000 cP Ford Cup No. 4 viscosity = 18-20 s pH = 8.0
Formulation PI/2
Silk screen printing ink for textiles %
Zinpol D3000 Laponite RD Water Resiflow W51 Defoamer W0146 Sinloihi FZ-5000/6000 Ammonia, 25%
45.00 1.00 34.10 0.50 0.20 19.00 0.20 100.00
Disperse Laponite RD in water and add to resin, then add defoamer/resiflow and pigment, stir at 600 rpm. Add ammonia to adjust pH. Brookfield Viscosity = 33,600 cP T-bar D @ 1.5 rpm Ford Cup No. 4 viscosity = 20 s (20% water) pH = 8.0
24
Formulation PI/3
Metallic silk screen printing ink for textiles a) %
Zinpol 1519 Water Laponite RDS, 10% Aquavex E5000AR-207S Aqua Poly 250
40.00 27.00 20.00 12.00 1.00 100.00
Add Aluminium pigment to resin and mix at 400 rpm. Add Aqua Poly 250 and continue mixing for 30 min. Add Laponite RDS sol. and mix for 15-20 min. b)
Pigment concentrate % 15.00 52.50 15.00 15.00 2.50 100.00
Isopropanol Water Mikrolith R-WA Mikrolith 4G-WA Ammonia, 25%
Mix pigments at 600 rpm for 30 mins and add to part (a) and mix at 400 rpm for 30-50 min. Brookfield Viscosity = 32,000 cP T-bar D @ 1.5 rpm Ford Cup No 4 = 20 s (20% water) pH = 8.0
Formulation PI/4
Gravure Bright Silver (non-leafing) printing ink % 63.20 1.50 0.20 0.10 35.00 100.00
Joncryl 1535 Laponite RDS, 10% Aqua Poly 250 Surfynol 104H Rotovario Aqua 610011
Add pigment to resin and stir at 600 rpm, add Aqua Poly 250/Surfynol 104H and stir. Then add Laponite RDS sol. and mix for 20 mins. Brookfield Viscosity = 3,320 cP T bar D @ 1.5 rpm pH = 8.5
Formulation PI/5
Gravure Bright Silver (leafing) printing ink % 38.20 1.50 0.10 0.20 60.00 100.00
Zinpol 132 Laponite RDS, 10% Surfynol 104H Aqua Poly 250 Rotovario Aqua 620017
Mix as in (1). Brookfield Viscosity = 13,400 cP T bar D @ 1.5 rpm pH = 8-8.5 Alternative Aluminium pigment:Aquasilver CPW/1180
25
Formulation PI/6
Gravure Bronze Rich Gold printing ink % 44.80 1.50 0.20 54.00 100.00
Zinpol 132 Laponite RDS, 10% Surfynol 104H Rotovario Aqua 630020 Mix as in (1) Brookfield Viscosity = 13,400 cP T bar D @ 1.5 rpm pH = 8-8.5 Alternative Bronze pigment: Aquador WP/2850/120
Formulation PI/7
Flexographic Bronze Rich Gold printing ink % 38.80 6.00 0.20 55.00 100.00
Zinpol 146 Laponite RDS, 10% Surfynol 104H Rotovario Aqua 630020
Mix as in (1) Brookfield viscosity = 19,200 cP T bar D @ 1.5 rpm pH = 8-8.5
Formulation PI/8
Gravure Bronze Rich Gold printing ink %
Zinpol 132 Laponite RDS, 10% Water Bronze Rich Supertoto 400/7976 Disperse-Ayd W28
58.50 5.00 17.50 18.00 1.00 100.00
Mix as in (1) Brookfield viscosity = 40,000 cP T bar D @ 1.5 rpm pH = 8.0
Formulation PI/9
Flexographic Bronze Rich Gold printing ink % 66.00 7.50 13.50 12.00 1.00 100.00
Zinpol 146 Laponite RDS, 10% Water Bronze Rich Supertoto 400/7976 Surfynol 104H
Mix as in (1) Brookfield viscosity = 12,500 cP T bar @ 1.5 rpm pH = 8.0
26
Formulation PI/10
Pearl Lustre Gold printing ink % 33.00 33.00 13.21 17.49 0.30 5.00 100.00
Acronal 290 (1:1 ratio) Diofan 193D Iriodin 300 Gold Pearl Water Pigment Dispersing Agent N, 10% Laponite RDS, 10%
Add pigment to resin/water and mix at 400 rpm, then add dispersing agent and mix for 20 mins. Add Laponite RDS sol and mix for 30 mins.
Brookfield Viscosity = 6,500 cP T-bar D @ 1.5 rpm Ford cup No. 4 viscosity = 35-40 s Alternative Gold Pearl Lustre Pigments: 1. 2. 3.
Mearlin Majestic Gold 9222X Flonac MS20 Paliocrom Red Gold L2500
Formulation PI/11
Pearl Lustre Silver printing ink % 33.00 33.00 13.21 17.49 0.30 5.00 100.00
Acronal 290 (1:1 ratio) Diofan 193D Iriodin 100 Silver Pearl Water Pigment Dispersing Agent N, 10% Laponite RDS, 10%
Mix as in (10)
Brookfield Viscosity = 6,500 cP T-bar D @ 1.5 rpm Ford cup No. 4 viscosity = 35-40 s pH = 8.0 Alternative Silver Pearl Lustre Pigments:1. 2.
Mearlin Card Silver BN001 Flonac ME10
White Soda Kraft paper (woodfree, bleached, high satin finish) can be used as coating paper. Other lustre effects: The lustre obtained is a result of the pigment used and of the colour of the paper. Other effects can be obtained by choosing a suitably coloured paper such as red, green, blue, yellow or black.
27
Formulation PI/12 a)
Gravure printing ink based on Aluminium pigment
Ink
%
Mikrolith Yellow BAW-WA Water Isopropanol Ammonia, 25%
25.00 53.00 20.00 2.00 100.00
Add pigment to water/isopropanol and stir at 600 rpm, adjust pH with ammonia and continue stirring for 30 mins.
b)
Clear Varnish
%
Neocryl A1052 Isopropanol Water Laponite RDS, 10%
60.00 15.00 15.00 10.00 100.00
Add Laponite RDS sol to resin and stir at 600 rpm, add water/isopropanol and continue stirring for 20 mins.
c)
Aluminium Pigment % Aquavex E5000AR-207S Water Clear Varnish
30.00 20.00 50.00 100.00
Add pigment to water/clear varnish and stir at 400 rpm for 30 mins. NB: It is essential to keep stirrer speed low so as to prevent release of hydrogen.
d)
Printing ink formulation
%
Mikrolith yellow, 25% " blue, 25% Aluminium pigment Poly Aqua 250 Clear Varnish
20.00 20.00 40.00 1.00 19.00 100.00
Add clear varnish to Mikrolith pigments and then add aluminium pigment/Aqua Poly 250 and for 30 mins.
Brookfield viscosity = 20,000 cP T bar D @ 1.5 rpm pH = 8-8.5
28
stir at 400 rpm
Guide to Raw Material Suppliers Additive
Function
Supplier
Zinpol 1519, D3000, 132, 146
Binder
Worlée
Resiflow W51
Wetting agent
Worlée
Defoamer W0146
Defoamer
Worlée
Sinloihi FZ-5000/6000
Fluorescent Pigment
Worlée
Mikrolith-WA
Pigment
Ciba
Mikrolith R-WA
Pigment
Ciba
Mikrolith 4G-WA
Pigment
Ciba
Mikrolith BAW-WA
Pigment
Ciba
Aquavex E5000AR-207S
Metallic Pigment
Silberline
Rotovario Aqua 620017
Metallic Pigment
Eckart-Werke
Rotovario Aqua 610010
Metallic Pigment
Eckart-Werke
Bronze Rich Supertoto 400/7976 Metallic Pigment
Wolstenholme
Surfynol 104H
Wetting agent
Air Products
AquaPoly 250
Matting agent
Micropowders Inc
Joncryl 1535
Binder
S C Johnson
Neocryl A1052
Binder
Zeneca
Acronal 290
Binder
BASF
Diofan 193D
Binder
BASF
Pigment Dispersing Agent N
Dispersant
BASF
Paliocrom Red Gold L2500
Pearl lustre pigment
BASF
Iriodin 300 Gold pearl
Pearl lustre pigment
MERCK
Iriodin 100 Silver Pearl
Pearl lustre pigment
MERCK
Disperse-Ayd W28
Dispersant
Daniel Products Co.
Mearlin Majestic Gold 9222X
Pearl lustre pigment
Mearl
Mearlin Card Silver BN001
Pearl lustre pigment
Mearl
Flonac MS20
Pearl lustre pigment
Kemira
Flonac ME10
Pearl lustre pigment
Kemira
Aquador WP/2850/120
Metallic pigment
Schlenk
lAquasilver CPW/1180
Metallic pigment
Schlenk
29
