38534240 Bel Internship Final

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE

INTERNSHIP TRAINING REPORT A Study conducted at BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the award of the degree of Master of Business Administration Bangalore University

Submitted by S.NARMADA REG NO. 09CQCMA061

Under the Guidance of Mrs. SHALINI. R Senior Lecturer

DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bangalore – 560078. 2009-2011

DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT

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CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the Internship Project titled “An Organizational study at BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED, Bangalore”,

submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Master of Business Administration to Bangalore University, and is a record of original work carried out by Ms. S. NARMADA (Reg No: 09CQCMA061) under the guidance of Mrs. Shalini (Senior Lecturer) during the academic year 2009-2011. This

has not been submitted to any other university or institution for the award of any degree/ diploma/ certificate.

Dr.

Maruthi

Ram.

R

Dr. M. S.Ramachandra Head-

MBA,

DSCMIT

Director- DSCMIT Place: Bangalore Date: 19-08-10


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STUDENT DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Internship Project Report titled

“An

Organizational study at BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED “is an original work done by me, submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Master of Business Administration to Bangalore University, under the guidance of Ms. S.NARMADA. This has not been submitted for the award of any other degree/ diploma/ certificate.

Place: Bangalore

S.NARMADA

Date:

(Reg

19-08-2010

No:

09CQCMA061)


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GUIDE CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the Internship report titled “An Organizational study at BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Master of Business Administration to Bangalore University is a record of original

work

carried

out

by

Ms.

S.

NARMADA

(Reg

No:

09CQCMA061) under my supervision and guidance and that no part of this report has been submitted for the award of any other degree/diploma/certificate.

Place: Bangalore

Mrs. SHALINI

Date: 19-08-10

Senior

Lecturer DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT

Page 4



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PREFACE

Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) established in 1954 with its corporate office at Bangalore has nine units in the country. It is engaged in the design development and manufacture of sophisticated state-of-the-art electronics equipments/components for the use of defence services, Para military organisations and other governmental users like All India Radio, Doordarshan, Department of Telecommunications, Police Wireless, Meteorological Department, etc. The BEL is also the premier indigenous source for professional electronic equipment. Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) is an India-based multi-product company. The Company is engaged in manufacturing and supplying of electronic products primarily to defence services. The Company provides products in three categories: defence, non defence and system/turnkey solutions. Defence division offers products in various areas, such as communications, radars, naval systems, opto electronics, electronic welfare system, tank electronics and simulators. Non Defence division offers products in various areas, such as switching equipment, television and broadcast, direct to home (DTH), telecom, Simputer, electronic voting machine and electronic components. System/Turnkey solutions division offers various services, such as command, control, communications, computers and intelligence solutions (C4I), satellite communications (SATCOM) and vessel traffic management system (VTMS). It also offers various services, including contract manufacturing, and design and manufacturing services.


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This study of mine has taken the co-operation assistance and understanding of some respectable and thinkable people. I express my sincere gratitude through this simple acknowledgement to the participants of this study.

It is with great respect, I express my heartiest gratitude to my inspiring guide Mrs.Shalini.R (Senior Lecturer) Dayananda Sagar College of Management & Information Technology, Bangalore who absolutely showed great Deal of enthusiasm in this project work by guiding, assisting and suggesting me in bringing out this report in time with a deep sense of involvement and confidence.

It is with great respect. I express my heartiest gratitude to Mr.Bharathidasan (Deputy Manager) and all the staff of BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED for having devoted much of their precious time in giving me valuable guidance and explaining the details parting to my project work.

Finally, I wish to express my thanks to Dr. M. S. Ramachadra, Director of DSCMIT and Dr. Maruthi Ram. R Head- MBA, DSCMIT and to my beloved parents who have contributed for upbringing of this project.

S. NARMADA REG NO: 09CQCMA061


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CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 General Introduction 1.2 Objective of the Study 1.3 Industrial Background of the Study 1.3. 1Origin of the Industry 1.3. 2 Growth and Development of the Industry 1.3. 3 Present Status of the Industry 1.3. 4 Business Environment of the Industry 1.3. 5 Future of the Industry CHAPTER 2: PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION 2.1 Origin of the Organization 2.2 Growth and Development of the Organization 2.3 Vision, Mission and Goals of the Organization 2.4 Present status and Future of the Organization 2.5 Organizational Structure and Organization Chart 2.6 SWOT Analysis of the Organization CHAPTER 3: DETAILED STUDY OF THE DEPARTMENT 3.1 Production Department 3.2 Quality Department 3.3 Finance Department 3.4 Human Resource Department 3.5 Marketing Department 3.6 Information Technology Department 3.7 Human Resource Development Department, 3.8 Safety Department DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT

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BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE CHAPTER 4: STUDY OF SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT PROBLEM

CHAPTER 5: RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

APPENDIX

BIBLIOGRAPHY


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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

General Introduction Objective of the study Industrial Background of the study Origin of the Industry Growth and Development of the Industry Present Status of the Industry Business Environment of the Industry Future of the Industry

DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 10


1.

INTRODUCTION

1.1

GENERAL INTRODUCTION:

In history we learn that man hunt and plucked fruits for his living. He did it himself without any assistance. Other male members of the family did the same. The women in the family had to stay home as they gave birth to children and also had to look after them. This might be a beginning of division of labour. Naturally, this division of labour was based on the principle of convenience, which later became the family organization pattern.

What we call today an organization is a group which is or has got organized for a common purpose. The group which has an organized structure came to be known as ‘organization’. Organizations have become so much a part of our life that we do not notice that the hospital where we were born, the school where we studied, the market where we buy vegetables, the clothing which we wear, the roads that are built by local self Government have been made possible by organized group efforts. The groups were given expressed or implied permission to act as an organized body and, therefore, got converted to organizations.

So, organization can be defined as, “a social unit of people, systematically arranged and managed to meet a need or to pursue collective goals on a continuing basis. All organizations have a management structure that determines relationships between functions and positions, and subdivides and delegates roles, responsibilities, and authority to carry out defined tasks. Organizations are open systems in that they affect and are affected by the environment beyond their boundaries.”

IMPORTANCE OF AN ORGANIZATION: DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 11


a)Makes the management simple and efficient. b)Encourages specialization c)Improves techniques d)Increases productivity e)Accelerates the progress CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ORGANIZATION: Organization is an effective and necessary instrument for the attainment of predetermined goals. The following are the main characteristics of the organization. a)

Organization is an instrument, used by the management for the attainment of the

preplanned objective Management guides and directs the organization. b)

Management guides and directs the organization.

c)

A set of rules sub-rules and instructions are communicated to all connected to the

organization. d)

It denotes a group of personnel’s whose positions, rights; responsibilities are well defined

& classified according to the nature of the assignments. e)

it also denotes the process of classification and sub-classification of jobs, duties and

authority on the one hand and procedures of production and others performances



1.1

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

.

i. To familiarize the students with a business organization ii. To familiarize them with the different departments in the organization and their

functioning. iii. To enable the students to understand how the key business process are carried out in

organizations. iv. Understand how information is used in organization for decision making at various levels

v. To relate theory with practice. vi. Identity the important players within the organization, the “ stakeholders”. vii. Identify other target groups of the organization, whether clients or suppliers.

1.3.

INDUSTRIAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.3. 1. ORIGIN OF THE INDUSTRY: ➢

Set up in Bangalore in 1954, BEL has grown into India’s foremost defence electronics Company, a Navratna Public Sector Unit under the ministry of defence.

➢

BEL is a multi-product technology unit Conglomerate boasting of over 350 products in the areas of Military Communication, Radars, Naval Systems, Telecom and Electronic Warfare, Tank Electronics, Electro Optics, Professional Electronic Components and Solar Photovoltaic. ➢

➢

BEL also provide turnkey System Solutions.

BEL’s Customers include the Army, Navy, Air force, Paramilitary, Police, Doordarshan,

All

India Radio, department of Telecommunication. ➢

BEL maintain technological leadership with its in- house Research and Development and in association with DRDO Labs (Research Institute near HAL)

➢

The Company spent 5.26 percent of its turnover on R&D supplies to the defence sector constituted 85% of sales, balance 15% being supplies to Civilian Sector. All the nine manufacturing units of the company have performed well and earned profits. ➢

EXPORTS:


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE The range of products exported includes HF Transreceiver, Bharats radar warning receiver, Secure telephone, non eye safe and eye safe laser range finders, Solar cells………….. These exports were made to various countries including USA, UK, Israel, Malaysia Singapore Philippines, and Switzerland……………… 1.3.

2. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRY:

➢

State-of-the-art manufacturing testing and quality assurance facility has been set up in all units of BEL. On line computerization for materials management state-of-the-art test facilities, facilities for carrying out environment and reliability checks electro-magnetic interference/Electro Magnetic Compatibility Testing facility, Antenna Testing facility, back-up support from Standardization Technical information and Documentation, Computer Aided Design and Manufacture have made BEL a modern professional Electronic Company. All manufacturing divisions/units of BEL have been accredited with ISO 9002/ISO 9001.

➢

Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) designs, develops and manufactures state-of- the-art products in the field of Radars, Defence Communications, Telecommunications, Sound and Vision Broadcasting, Opto-electronics, Solar systems, IT products and Electronic components. BEL has the expertise in engineering Radar, Telecom and Satcom networks, providing network solutions to meet customer needs. These systems are supplied and commissioned on turnkey basis.

➢

With over four decades of manufacturing experience Bharat Electronics Limited has pioneered the professional electronics movement in India. With continuous upgradation of technology, commitment to quality and constant innovation, BEL has grown into a multi product, multi unit, and multi technology company.

➢

Bharat Electronics manufactures and supplies Communication equipments for the Defence forces - covering ground, air and ship borne equipments and systems.

➢

BEL manufactures a comprehensive range of Radars for defence as well as civilian applications. Radar systems offered from BEL are for applications like Surveillance, Fire Control, Tracking and Navigation. In the category of Land based Radars , BEL DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 14

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE manufactures systems for 3D Surveillance, Secondary surveillance, fire control and battle field surveillance. For Naval applications Radars offered are in the Navigational, Fire control and Surveillance categories. In Civilian category BEL offers radars for Air Traffic Control. The frequency bands covered extend from C band up to Ka band. BEL also offers Networking of Radars

1.3. 3. PRESENT STATUS OF THE INDUSTRY: During the year 2006-07, BEL earned the distinction of becoming the first Defence PSU to acquire operational MINIRATNA CATEGORY-I status. This enhanced status will provide BEL certain operational autonomy in the areas of capital investment, establishment of Joint Ventures etc.A number of initiatives were taken to diversify the business of BEL and secure orders. In September 2007, BEL won a tender of Rs 18 crore from Andhra Pradesh Government towards establishing a network (APNET) for state-wide broadcast and communication up to district/block level. The hub has been commissioned and the terminals are in various stages of completion. The Andhra Pradesh Government has now invited BEL to give a proposal for Phase II of the project to cover the whole State. The value of Phase II will be around Rs.40 crore. BEL has also been awarded a Satellite Network tender by Andhra Pradesh Beverages Corporation Limited (APBCL). APBCL negotiated the price with BEL for using the common infrastructure of APNET at the Hub. The main application is for consolidating the sales transactions on-line by 31 remote centres with the APBCL headquarters on the BOOT model. BEL has been selected through competitive tendering by the Ministry of Home Affairs to establish a countrywide network called POLNET on turnkey basis. The project includes 11 M Hub at Delhi, 40 high capacity VSAT terminals for the State Headquarters and major cities, 833 low capacity VSATs at District Headquarters and Block levels. The negotiations have been completed and the order valued at Rs 97 crore, is in the final stages of processing. POLNET will enable effective communication among Police Forces of various states, exchange of police data files and fingerprints and Video Broadcast & Conferencing.BEL secured a large number of orders for the LED based Solar Traffic Signals in Bangalore, Hyderabad and New Delhi etc.


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE BEL and Indian Space Research Organization have entered into an understanding for cooperative efforts to meet the growing demands of satellite manufacture in India. Satellite Electronics Payload (Transponders)- a major part of any satellite will be manufactured by BEL for integration with the satellites to be launched by ISRO. BEL has also commenced manufacture and supply of solar-based mini power plants, the first of which has been installed in a technology foundation in New Delhi.

1.3. 4. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT OF THE INDUSTRY:

The business environment of BEL includes both internal and external environment

The internal environment includes its manufacturing units in different locations and their operations. They are: NINE MANUFACTURING UNIT: DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 16


UNITS

ESTABLISHED(YEAR)

NO. OF EMPLOYEE

Bangalore

1954

5927

Ghaziabad

1974

2596

Pune

1979

411

Machlipatnam

1983

500

Panckula

1985

625

Chennai

1985

410

Kotdwara

1986

720

Hyderabad NaviMumbai

1. 1986

490

1986

500

The external environment includes suppliers, customers, competitors, government and other agencies. I.

COMPETITORS: Multinational companies like ITI, ECIL, IL, ALPHA, UTL, Siemens,

Fibcom, SCL, INTEL, Spectronics, Southern Electronics and Ashoka engineering.

II.

CUSTOMERS: BEL’s Customers include the Army, Navy, Air force,

Paramilitary,

Police, Doordarshan, All India Radio, department of Telecommunication.

SUPPLIERS: SUPPLIER’S NAME

LOCATION

PRODUCT NAME

HYDERABAD

AL-FORGINGS


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE MANJIRA MACHINE BUILDERS HYDERABAD

AL-FORGINGS

BAKER GAUGES (I) LTD

PUNE

AIR GAUGES

JINDAL AL. LTD

BANGALORE

AL RODS/TUBES

RACHAMALLU FORGINGS

HYDERABAD MAHAVEER PLASTICS HYD

ACRYLIC FASB.

BVR BUSINESS FORMS

HYDERABAD

COMPUTER STATIONARY

ALLIED ELECTRONICS

HYDERABAD

CONNECTORS

ZENITH IT LTD

HYDERABAD

CUTTING

TOOL

MFR SRI

SRINIVASA

ENGG. HYDERABAD

FABRICATION

INDUSTRIES

1.3. 5. FUTURE OF THE INDUSTRY: Focused nurturing and monitoring of R&D is one of the top priority tasks at BEL. Allocation of funds for R&D is being enhanced to cater for the new infrastructure requirements of R&D divisions and for undertaking many proactive R&D projects. BEL R&D divisions will have active interactions with DRDO, other Indian public & private design houses, academic institutions and also with foreign partners for joint development programmes. Planning and monitoring process in R&D is being upgraded in order to improve the product and technology development cycle times.



CHAPTER-2 PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION 2.1 Origin of the Organization 2.2 Growth and Development of the Organization 2.3 Vision, Mission and Goals of the Organization 2.4 Present status and Future of the Organization 2.5 Organizational Structure and Organization Chart 2.6 SWOT Analysis of the Organization

1 PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION

2.1ORIGIN OF THE ORGANIZATION:







From a humble beginning to a NAVRATNA COMPANY.



BEL is a PSU, under Ministry of Defence, Government of India established in 1954.

BEL has more than 360 products in its range from small components costing a rupee to huge equipment costing about Rs. 60 crore.



Starting with a single unit at Bangalore BEL now has nine units spread across the country.



Nearly 80- 85% of the company’s annual sales turnover accrues from products sold to defence services the balance from civilian customers.



With over four decades of manufacturing experience Bharat Electronics Limited has pioneered the professional electronics movement in India. With continuous upgradation of technology, commitment to quality and constant innovation, BEL has grown into a multi product, multi unit, multi technology company



The company’s dividend payment has been continuously increasing and the company paid a dividend of 170% for the year 2009-10.



During the year 2001-02, BEL earned the distinction of becoming the first Defence PSU to acquire operational MINIRATNA CATEGORY-I status. This enhanced status will provide BEL certain operational autonomy in the areas of capital investment, establishment of Joint Ventures etc 

BEL has been got Navratna status in JUNE- 2009



BEL has state- of- the art infrastructure and a highly trained workforce at its 9 units.



The total manpower of company is 11,961 (as on 31.03.2009), comprising 4,476 executives, 728 technical Cadre personnel and 6,757

non-executives

(3,177- engineers& scientists) company has 2,507 women employees. 

Nearly 85% of company’s annual sales turnover accrues from products sold to the defence services.



BEL achieved exports of US $ 17.77 million in 2008-09. To increase exports, the company is promoting contract manufacturing and tapping business opportunities generated via offset implementation.



The company’s turnover has been on a steady rise. During 2008-09, BEL achieved a turnover of Rs. 4624.09 crores. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 20




BEL has been making profits continuously for more than four decades and recording its shareholders with handsome dividends.

2.2

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ORGANIZATION:

➢

The

Company

was

incorporated

starting

with

Bangalore

unit.

The

Company Manufacture electronic communication equipments such as HF/VHF Communication transmitters and receivers, HF/VHF microwave radio relays And radars, electronic components needed mainly by Defence services and also by the entertainment industry like radio, TV, etc.

The Company received

progressive Self reliance in the areas of radio communication radars, broadcasting components. ➢

The Company devotes considerable effort to deliver state-of-the-art equipments to defence users.

➢

1985: 4,30,000 shares were issued to the President of India.

➢

1986: 1, 10,000 shares issued to the President of India.

➢

1987: Some of the major accomplishments in the design and development activities were Cyclone warning radar for Indian Meteorological Department, Multiple target field artillery radar for Army.

•

Components like a vapour cooled 45KW transmitting tube, ICS and HMCs for telecommunication applications and a variety of types of transistors were introduced in the market. 1,10,000 shares issued to the President of India

➢

1988: - The Company developed a 10KW TV transmitter, system design of the Central Production Centre at New Delhi for Doordarshan, solid state FM transmitters and a new generation of 10KW medium wave transmitters, 120 channel UHF digital radio relay equipment for the Department of Telecommunications.

➢

1989: - 1, 10,000 shares issued to the President of India.

➢

1990: The Company entered into the Satellite Communication and simulators segments of business and widened the export base both in terms of market and products.

•

The Company introduced indigenously developed automatic test equipment for the army, ship handling simulators for the Navy, low capacity 40 line electronic exchange for rural applications and high reliability semi conductor devices for space applications DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 21

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE •

50,000 shares issued to the President of India.

➢

1993: During the year, Taloja, Machilipatnam, Ghaziabad, Kotdwara and Panchkula units registered losses mainly due to lack of order from defence rector.

•

Production of Ghaziabad, Machilipatnam and Kotdwara has been affected due to lack of orders from Defence Sector and DOT.

➢

1994: The Company has signed a MOU with General Electric Company, USA for forming a joint venture company for manufacture and supply of X-Ray Tubes.

•

The Company set up a joint venture 100% export oriented unit with Oldelft, Netherlands, for the manufacture of image intensifiers.

•

Another joint venture was entered with HMT and KSIIDC for manufacture of watch crystals.

•

The Company also proposed a joint development programme with a Swiss company for updating of radar.

➢

1996: Machilipatnam and Kotdwara units incurred losses due to lack of orders from Defence Services and DOT.

•

Taloja unit suffered due to fall in demand for 20 Black and White TV Glass Shells.- The Company diversified its activities into related areas of like Energy Saver, Fish Finder, Solar Cells & Systems, Emergency Communication Systems for Railways, Contract Manufacturing etc.

➢

1997: The Company is setting up facilities for the manufacture of Silicon Wafers at Bangalore Complex with an investment of Rs 2000 lakhs.

•

The Company has entered into a number of collaboration agreements with leading foreign companies for manufacture of State-of-the-art equipment and products.

•

The Company had set up a Central Research Laboratory (CRL) at Bangalore to undertake research in frontier areas of technology.

•

Company proposed to establish second CRL at Ghaziabad which would focus on signal processing computers, antenna and microwave engineering.

•

The Company entered into a joint venture with Multitone Electronics Plc of UK offering mobile communication solutions for the workplace. Another joint venture was entered


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE with GE Medical Systems and formed GE BE Private Ltd., for manufacturing a High End Rotating Anode Medical Diagnostic X-ray Tube called CT MAX used in CT Scanners. •

The debentures were issued on private placement basis: 16,00,000-15% Non-convertible debentures of Rs 100 each.

(Redeemable at 5% premium in four equal annum

installments starting from 11.9.1992). •

4,00,000-15% Non-convertible debentures of Rs 100 each. (Redeemable in four equal yearly installments at a premium of 5% starting from 3.10.1992).

•

15,00,000-14% Non-convertible debentures of Rs 100 each.(Redeemable in equal halfyearly installment at a premium of 5% at the end of 7th, 8th and 9th years from the date of allotment, the earliest date of redemption being 28.10.1995).

•

5,00,000-14% Non-convertible debentures of Rs 100 each. (Redeemable in three equal yearly installments at a premium of 5% starting from 31.10.1995).

•

1,60,00,000 shares of Rs 10 each amounting to 20% of the subscribed and paid up capital of Rs 80 crores was disinvested.

•

The public sector Bharat Electronics (BEL) is firming up a joint venture with Multitone of the UK to offer closed user group (CUG) paging services for the first time in the country.

•

Bharat Electronics Ltd. is talking to Raytheon for a teaming arrangement for airport modernization systems.

•

BEL will be setting up its first radar surveillance unit at the Calcutta airport and in Chennai airport.

•

The public sector Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) unveiled its range of products developed recently for the domestic market. The company has developed an alarm system for unmanned level crossings, which would provide both audio and visual signals of the arriving train.

•

BEL has also developed conquest, an energy saver device, in technical collaboration with an US technology invention company Condyne Technology. BEL is India's first defence and professional electronics company to be awarded the ISO 9002 certification, the benchmark of international quality.



The public sector Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) is now on the Internet, with the website developed by the company's international marketing division.

•

The company makes electronics for rocket and launch vehicles used by the Indian Space research Organization (ISRO). Bharat Electronics signed a joint venture agreement with Multitone Electronics Plc of UK to set up a joint venture company which will offer mobile communication products for the workplace.

•

The new company will be called BEL-Multitone Pvt Ltd. Bharat Electronics Ltd has signed a joint venture with General Electric, a

billion Fortune 500 company to

manufacture X-ray tubes and detectors. •

The venture company GE BEL launched its new X-ray 40,000 sq.ft tube facility at the Export Promotion Industrial park, Whitefield on 19.11.97.

➢

1998: Employees of Bharat Electronics Ltd. (BEL) in all the nine units nationwide went on a one-day strike.

•

Public sector Bharat Electronics Ltd's (BEL), Ghaziabad unit has bagged a safety award of merit from National Safety Council, USA.

•

This is for the first time any unit of BEL is winning this award. The company has established a joint venture company with GE for the manufacture of medical systems.

•

BEL is also diversifying into manufacture of silicon wafers by setting up facilities in Bangalore.

•

Bharat Electronics Ltd. (BEL) has entered into a strategic alliance with National Semiconductor Corporation to build motherboards for personal computers around the Media GX processor.

•

Global avionics systems major Sextant Avionics has signed an agreement to transfer the technology for liquid crystal display (LCD) systems for MiG 21 aircraft to public sector Bharat Electronics Ltd.

•

Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL), and Bharat Electronics (BEL), Bangalore, are among the six winners of the 1998 national awards for outstanding achievements in research and development (R and D) in different areas of industry.



➢

1999: BEL Multitone is a 51:49 joint venture company of Multitone Electronics, UK and BEL. Bharat Electronics (BE) Ltd. is setting up an integrated circuit (IC) design centre at its manufacturing unit in Jalahalli near Bangalore in associated with a US partner.

•

Bharat Electronics, a professional’s electronics company, which has found success in its increasingly popular microprocessor-based electronic voting machine (EVM), has supplied a state-of-the-art microprocessor based 1 kVA solar power supply unit to power a rural information technology network.

•

BEL also set up an Integrated Circuit design centre and another plant to manufacture polysilicon cell which harnesses solar energy during

•

The past few months at its existing facility in Jalahalli.

•

The company has diversified its operations at the Taloja unit in Maharashtra which was producing glass shells for black & White television tubes.

•

The company had tried to raise some funds for setting up the colour picture tube units

2.3 VISION, MISSION AND GOALS OF THE ORGANIZATION: VISION: “To be a world-class enterprise in professional electronics” MISSION: To be a customer focussed globally competitive company in defence electronics and in other chosen areas of professional electronics, through quality, technology and innovation. VALUES: •

Putting customers first.

•

Working with transparency, honesty & integrity.

•

Trusting and respecting individuals.

•

Fostering team work.

•

Striving to achieve high employee satisfaction.

•

Encouraging flexibility & innovation. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 25


Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities.

•

Proud of being a part of the organization

OBJECTIVES: •

To be a customer focussed company providing state-of-the-art products & solutions at competitive prices, meeting the demands of quality, delivery & service. •

•

To generate internal resources for profitable growth.

To attain technological leadership in defence electronics through in-house R&D, partnership with defence/research laboratories & academic institutions. •

•

To give thrust to exports.

To create a facilitating environment for people to realise their full potential through continuous learning & team work. •

To give value for money to customers & create wealth for shareholders.

•

To constantly benchmark company’s performance with best-in-class

internationally. •

To raise marketing abilities to global standards.

Company’s Goals: Business Mission:

➢

To maintain a leading position as suppliers of quality equipment, system and services in the field of field of Radars, Defence Communications, Telecommunications, Sound and Vision Broadcasting, Opto-electronics, Solar systems, IT products and Electronic components.. Utilize companies’ capabilities and resources to expand business into allied areas and other priority sectors of the economy like defence, communication and electronics.

Growth:


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE To ensure a steady growth in business so as to fulfill national expectations from BEL and expand international operations. Profitability: To provide a reasonable and adequate return on capital employed, primarily through improvements in operational efficiency, capacity utilization and productivity and generate adequate internal resources to finance the company’s growth. Customer Focus: To build a high level of customer confidence by providing increased value for his money through international standards of product quality, performance and superior customer services. People Orientation: To enable each employee to achieve his potential, improve his capabilities, perceive his role and responsibilities and participate and contribute positively to the growth and success of the company, to invest on human resources continuously and to be available to their needs. Technology: ➢

To achieve technological excellence in operation by development of indigenous technologies and efficient absorption and adaptation of imported technologies to suit business needs priorities, and provides a competitive advantage to the company.

➢

To determine the role played by various departments for the growth of BEL, which was found out after carefully examining each department and its role played for growth as a whole.

➢

To evaluate the performance and financial soundness of the company over last 5 years through ratios.

BEL and GLOBAL COMPACT:



➢

BEL has joined the “Global Compact” of United Nations and has committed to support it and set up core values enshrined in its nine principles. The “Global Compact” is a partnership between the United Nations, the business community, international labor and NGO’s. It provides a forum for them to work together and improve corporate practices through co-operation rather than confrontation.

➢

In a letter to UN Secretary General, Mr. Kofi Annan, CMD, BEL has committed to support the Global Compact and set of core values enshrined in its nine principles in the area of Human Rights, labour Standards and Environment.

Principles of the “Global Compact” Human Rights ➢

Business should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights; and

➢

Make sure they are not complicit in human right abuses.

Labour Standards ➢

Business should uphold the freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining;

➢

The elimination of all forms of forces and compulsory labour.

➢

The effective abolition of child labour and Elimination discrimination

Environment ➢

Businesses should support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges;

➢

Undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility; and

➢

Encourages the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies.

Anti Corruption ➢

Business should work against all forms of corruption, including extortion and bribery.



2.4

PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE OF THE ORGANIZATION:

2.4(1): Present status: ➢

2000 : The aeronautics major Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd and the electronics heavyweight Bharat Electronics Ltd have signed a memorandum of understanding, to bring snyergy in their core competencies and to complement one another's capabilities. The Company has bagged two awards for excellence in electronics for 1998.The Investment and Credit Rating Agency has withdrawn the LAA (L double A) rating indicating high safety assigned to the Rs 100 crore Bond programme of Bharat Electronics Limited.

➢

2002: BEL has informed changes in the Board to the exchange which includes appointment of Air Marshall V A Patkar as part time director in the place of Vice Admiral A.S.Krishnan

•

Vice Admiral P.C.Bhashin appointed as the director of the Board by Government of India.

•

BEL has become first defense PSU to acquire operational status of mini ratna category

•

BEL committed towards improving social sector through some project like Akshaya and BEL Ladies Association.

•

Company sets a sales target of 2000 crs for the financial year 02-03.

•

GOI has appointed Mr.P.R.K.Haragopal as Director (finance) in place of Mr.P.Bhaskaran Naidu.

•

Review of the unaudited financial results by the auditors for the financial year sept-2002.

•

The first batch of, indigenously produced invar filters by BEL have been handed over to ISRO.BEL and PicoPeta Simputers pvt ltd are joining together to manufacture and market a new range of hand-held indigenously developed simputers.

➢

2003-Mrs Rita Menon has been appointed as new official director of BEL.

•

GOI appoints Mr S.K.Mehta as Director on the Board of Bharat Electronics.

•

Company has recorded its highest ever turnover of Rs. 25710 million for 02-03, with an increase of 32%.

•

BEL recorded 39% increase in its gross profit at Rs.395 cr as compared to Rs.285 cr last year.



Company has changed the name of its subsidiary from BE -Delft Electronics Ltd to BEL Optronic Devices Ltd.

•

BEL became the first PSU to be adjudged 'The Best Company' for 2002-03 by the Bangalore Stock Exchange.

•

BEL received order from TN government to supply, install and commission the 2 GHz 120-channel Digital Microvave communication system on turnkey basis.

•

Company formulates its vision statement targeting to a turnover to 50,000 million.

•

Mr.S.Paneer Selvam, Senior Technical Assistant in BEL's Naval Systems Strategic Business Unit has received Prime Minister's Shram Shri Award for the year 2003.

•

Dr V K Koshy, Chairman & Managing Director of the company resigned and GOI has appointed Mr Y Gopala Rao as Chairman & Managing Director on the Board of Directors

➢

2004:

➢

Bharat Electronics gives order worth Rs 8.9 Cr to Astra Microwave.

•

Bharat Electronics Ltd has informed that Mr. K. U. Limaye, Director, Electronics & Radar Development Establishment, Bangalore has been appointed as part-time Director on the Board of Directors of Bharat Electronics Ltd in place of Mr. N. Divakar, who has since retired.

•

Bharat Electronics Ltd has informed that the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (C&AG), has recently appointed the following firms as Statutory/Branch Auditors of the company for the year 2003-04:

•

Statutory Auditors: M/s Suri and Co (Statutory auditors, HO, Consolidation of accounts and auditors for Bangalore, Chennai and Hyderabad units).;

•

Branch Auditors: M/s Bubber Jindal & Co.,(auditors for Ghaziabad, Panchkula and Kotdwara Units); M/s N V Sarmaand Co., (auditors for Machilipatnam Unit); M/s Joshi & Sahney,(Auditors for Pune and Taloja Units).

•

Shifts Registered office to new premises w.e.f. March 15, 2004. The address is as follows: Bharat Electronics Ltd, Nagavara, and Outer Ring Road, Bangalore 560 045. Tel: 080-2503 9300; Fax: 2503 9305. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 30


2004: BEL, PicoPeta Simputers launch Amida Simputer, a hand-held computing device.

•

PicoPeta Simputers Pvt Ltd and Bharat Electronics Ltd (BEL) have launched the Simputer handheld computing device for the enterprises called 'Amida Alchamy.'

•

BEL CMD wins Electronics Man of the Year award.

•

L&T and BEL join hands to develop radar for Army.

•

Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) signs agreement with Wipro InfoTech for companywide implementation of My SAP Business Suite,

➢

2005: BEL inks contract of .6m with Suriname.

•

BEL declares 40% interim dividend for '04-05.

•

BEL gets prestigious ICWAI Award.

➢

2006: Bharat Electronics secures order for Set Top Boxes.

➢

2007: -Bharat Electronics Ltd has appointed Mr. N K Sharma as Director (Marketing) on the Board of Directors of the Company. Prior to this appointment.

•

Mr. N K Sharma has been holding the post of General Manager, heading the Ghaziabad Unit of the Company.

•

Bharat Electronics Ltd has promoted three of its general managers as Executive Directors with effect from

•

November 1

Mr D.A. Mohan, ED (Telecom & Broadcast Systems) at BEL-Bangalore; Mr Anand Kumar is ED (BEL-Ghaziabad); and Mr V. Sundararaman, ED (Technology Planning) at the Corporate Office in Bangalore.

•

Bharat Electronics bags IETE award for software development.

•

Bharat Electronics signs 2 MoUs on Day 1 of Aero India 2007

➢

2008: Bharat Electronics Ltd has informed that Government of India has appointed Lt.

•

Gen P Mohapatra, Signal Officer-in-Chief, and Army Headquarters, as a part-time official Director on the Board of Directors of the Company in place of Lt. Gen (Retd.) S P Sree Kumar.

•

Bharat Electronics to open Product Support Centre at Kochi.

•

BEL receives SCOPE award.



BEL to display state-of-the-art defence electronics products & systems at DEFEXPO 2008 for global market

•

BEL signs term sheet, MoUs at Defexpo 2008

➢

2009: BEL wins Raksha Mantri's Awards. BEL signs MoU with BHEL for Solar JV.

2.4(b) FUTURE STATUS: BEL and Indian Space Research Organization have entered into an understanding for cooperative efforts to meet the growing demands of satellite manufacture in India. Satellite Electronics Payload (Transponders) a major part of any satellite will be manufactured by BEL for integration with the satellites to be launched by ISRO. BEL has also commenced manufacture and supply of solar-based mini power plants, the first of which has been installed in a technology foundation in New Delhi. 

New Business Initiatives:

New business initiatives during the year include: •

Appointment of M/s. KPMG, a global consulting firm, to help identify future market opportunities for growth. Initial opportunities emerging from the KPMG study, for the Company to venture into are:

•

Infrastructure

– Railways,

Ports,

Airports

Homeland

Security

Nuclear

Power

Instrumentation •

Energy Efficiency Solutions E-Governance Solutions.

•

The Company is discussing with reputed foreign / Indian players for forming Indian Joint Ventures in the areas of defence electronics, viz., Missile Electronics &Guidance Systems, Microwave Super Components, Electro Optics, Airborne Electronic Warfare etc. Some of these proposals are in the advanced stages of finalization.

•

MoU signed with Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd., to explore formation of a Joint Venture for solar photovoltaic business.

•

MoU signed with M/s. Boeing to jointly develop an analysis and experimentation centre in India to offer customers the ability to make better-informed decisions in modernizing the Country’s defence forces.

•

MoU signed with Astra Microwave Products Ltd., for setting up of a Joint Venture for microwave components. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 32


MoU signed with M/s. Selex Galileo for collaboration on Electronic Warfare programmes.

•

BEL has been selected by M/s. Northrop Grumman Corporation for the manufacture of components for Fire Control Radar for its Fighter Aircraft programme.



BEL will also capitalize on existing Core Competencies to diversify into newer green field areas like the energy sector (wind, solar, nuclear), infrastructure- Railways and parts and egovernance for enhanced growth in the coming years.



New products introduced and supplied during 2009-10 include: ✔

Advanced Naval Gun Fire Control System for P-28 class and ships.

✔

Gap measuring device.

✔

Perimeter Security Jammer



MAJOR MILESTONES: 1988- Plant inaugurated by Defence Minister. 1990- Self inspection status. 1993- Certification for ISO 9002:1987. 1997- Golden Peacock Award for Quality. 1997- ELCINA award for manufacturing. 1998- Certification for ISO 9001: 1994. 1999- Excellence in professional Electronic, Department of IT, Government of India. 2002- Corporate Research & Development award for ULSB MKII. 2003- Certification for ISO 9001: 2000 and ISO 14001: 1996. 2003, 04, 05- Strong commitment to Excel in CII Exim Bank business Excellence. 2005- Platinum award in IMEA-2005 by Frost and Sullivan. 2006- Certification for ISO 14001: 2004. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 33

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE 2007- Sap implemented. 2008- Recommended for AS 9100.

2.5 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHART ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE:

Hide links within definitionsShow links within definitions

Formal and informal framework of

policies and rules, within which an organization arranges its lines of authority and communications, and allocates rights and duties. Organizational structure determines the manner and extent to which roles, power, and responsibilities are delegated, controlled, and coordinated, and how information flows between levels of management. This structure depends entirely on the organization's objectives and the strategy chosen to achieve them. In a centralized structure, the decision making power is concentrated in the top layer of the management and tight control is exercised over departments and divisions. In a decentralized structure, the decision making power is distributed and the departments and divisions have varying degrees of autonomy. An organization chart illustrates the organizational structure.

Grouping of activities is an essential step in designing an organizational structure. Grouping of activities into departments or other homogeneous units is known as departmentation. Departmentation is the process of grouping tasks into jobs, the combining of jobs into effective work groups into identifiable segment or departments. In BEL activities are grouped into different functional units. Each major function of the enterprise is grouped into different department. This can also be studied as a separate function. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 34

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Departmentation based on functions is a simple form of organizing the activities. Specialization of department promotes the excellence in performance. It leads to improve planning and control of key functions and ensure economy.

The important Designations are: •

Chairman and managing director.

•

Director (Personal).

•

Director (Finance).

•

Director (Research & Development).

•

Director (C& MS).

•

Director (Bangalore Complex).

•

Director (Other Units).

•

General Manager (Torque).

•

General Manager (Finance).

•

General Manager (Personal).

•

General Manager (International Marketing).

•

Chief Vigilance Officer.

•

General Manager (Corporate Planning).

•

General Manager (Systems).

•

Addl. General Manager (Finance).

•

Addl. General Manager (Audit).

•

Addl. General Manager (Public Relations).

•

Addl. General Manager (Security).

•

Senior Deputy General Manager.

•

Deputy General Manager (Budget).

•

Sr. Deputy General Manager (HRD)

•

Company Secretary.

•

Manager.

•

Deputy Manager. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 35


Asst. Manager.

•

Senior Security Officer, Personnel Officer. Accounts Officer, Personal Secretary. Names of Departments/ Sections:

•

Personnel & Administration

•

Industrial Relations & Personal Policies

•

Finance

•

Corporate Planning

•

International Marketing

•

Research & Development

•

Audit

•

Internal Audit

•

Security

•

Licensing/ Legal

•

Public Relations

•

Human Resource Development

•

Official Language Section

•

Public Deposits

•

Budget

•

Foreign Exchange

•

Pay Rolls

•

E. D. P

•

Library

•

Establishment

•

Purchase

•

Secretarial



ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE



GENERAL MANAGER

AGM- PERSONAL AGM- MARKETING AGM- PRODUCTION AGM-COMPUTER SYSTEMS SA N SENIOR DGM-QUALITY M O AGM-CORPORATE PLANNING M Y O R VI K AGM-FINANCE & AUDIT H A JA U AGM-PUBLIC RELATIONS A Y M N A C R R H A A M A G C M O N H .A L N D A. N A V R A E G A Y E W ES N N. A DG AS H S M (NG K W M SA M (El So R (T (N ect na G R ele Sro r M A co Ra nic & (M O. m sda Co ilit C r& W mRGANIZATIONAL CHART BEL, BANGALORE (AS ON 1 MARCH 2010) ar Br & arf O ym G oa Fir ar un Co M edc ica m (C ast Co & tio m om ing ntr Av DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 38 n un po Sy ol ion ica ne ste Sy ics tio nts m) )ste )n) m)


2.4

SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE ORGANIZATION:



STRENGTH: DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 39


1.

BEL has got modern manufacturing facilities with test instruments, set up at all units for manufacture and supply of telecommunication equipment.

2.

Research & Development set up with qualified manpower, suitable for technology development or absorption.

5.

3.

Known for quality and reliability of its products.

4.

Known for its prompt after sales service.

Vast experience in the manufacturing of electronic equipment. The parent unit established in 1954.

6.

Highly trained, professionally qualified manpower trained to deal in the latest technologies.

 1.

7.

Well established organizational structure.

8.

Availability of Central Research laboraties at Bangalore and Ghaziabad working.

9.

Young and dynamic top management at corporate level, ensuring stability.

WEAKNESS: The main weakness of BEL is its being owned government of India under ministry of defence. This makes decision- making slow.

2.

BEL has been predominantly in defence sector, which has been monopoly business. Hence, it does not have experience in managing, a competitive business like telecommunication, equipment manufacturing.

3.

Lack of flexibility in manpower management, especially in pay scale, promotion, recruitment policy. Thus resulting in brain drain.

4.

Lack of bold decision making in the area of investment and others due to fear of various audits, both statutory and government in the mind of management.

5.

Lack of accountability in top management, as personal stakes are not related with the performance of organization.



OPPORTUNITIES:

1.

Liberalization leads to opening of huge market. E.g. ITI, HTL etc.,

2.

BEL can go for the technology transfer ties up and JV due to liberalization. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 40

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE 3.

Various other companies are also modernizing hence creating new market for telecommunication equipment railway, power sector, oil sector, Defence etc.,

4.

Telecommunication Sector has been recognized as one of the important infrastructure sector essential for the growth of the economy. This is resulting in the availability of potential market in developing countries.

2.



THREATS:

1.

Entry of private sector and MNC in this field is making competition on very tough.

Due to overall reduction in import duties, the indigenous manufacturing and direct import are competitive.

3.

Imperfections in the market, leading to price wars and undercutting of prices, resulting in sustained losses for telecommunication.

CHAPTER 3 DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 41


DETAILED STUDY OF THE DEPARTMENT 3.1 Production Department 3.2 Quality Department 3.3 Finance Department 3.4 Human Resource Department 3.5 Marketing Department 3.6 Information Technology Department 3.7 Human Resource Development Department 3.8 Safety Department

Business department - a division of a business firm Department, section - a specialized division of a large organization; "you'll find it in the hardware department"; "she got a job in the historical section of the Treasury" Advertising department, advertising division - the division of a business that is responsible for advertising Editorial department - the department of a publishing business that edits material for publication Parts department - the division of a business (e.g. a service garage) that sells replacement parts Building department, plant department - the division of a business responsible for building and maintaining the physical plant DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 42

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Purchasing department - the division of a business that is responsible for purchases Sales department, sales division, sales force - the division of a business that is responsible for selling products or services Service department - the division of a business that provides customer services. In other words, Departments are the entities organizations form to organize people, reporting relationships, and work in a way that best supports the accomplishment of the organization's goals. Departments are usually organized by functions such as human resources, marketing, administration, and sales. But, a department can be organized in any way that makes sense for the customer. Departments can also be organized by customer, by product, or by region of the world. Departments are usually led by a Manager, a Supervisor, a Director, or a Vice President. In BEL I have done a detailed study about various departments such as: •

Production department

•

Marketing department

•

Accounting and Finance department

•

Human Resource department

•

Information Technology 3.1 PRODUCTION



DEPARTMENT:

The act or process or producing, bringing forth, or exhibiting to view; as, the production of commodities, of a witness.

That which is produced, yielded, or made, whether

naturally, or by the application of intelligence and labor; as, the productions of the earth; the productions of handicraft; the productions of intellect or genius. The act of lengthening out or prolonging. 

Production department in any industry performs the functions of converting raw materials into finished products. The manufacturing of goods requires a predetermined plan so that available recourses of company are used to optimum level and more wastage is reduced to the greater extent. 

PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT IN BEL:


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE The key production process and its key characteristics are identified through PFMEA (Product Failure Mode & Effect Analysis) technique which is followed all over the world. OTHER PROCESS IN PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT IS: a.

Fabrication: Machining, Turning, Drilling, Welding, Tapping.

b.

Electroplating: Ni, Cu, Zn, Tin plating, Chromatic conversion coating.

c.

Painting: Epoxy painting, powder coating.

d.

PCB Assembly: Hand soldering, wave soldering.

e.

Electronic Assembly: Cable assembly, mechanical assembly.

f.

Testing: Card testing, subsystem/ system testing.

g.

Environmental Stress Screening: Hot and cold cycle, Bump test, Vibration test, Leak

test.



SIX-SIGMA:

A comprehensive and flexible system for achieving, sustaining and maximizing business success. Six Sigma is uniquely driven by close understanding of customer needs, disciplined use of facts, data and statistical analysis, and diligent attention to managing, improving, and reinventing business processes. This is the definition that will provide the foundation for our efforts to unlock the potential of Six Sigma for your organization. The types of “business success” you may achieve are broad because the proven benefits of the Six Sigma “system” are diverse including: •

Cost reduction

•

Productivity improvement

•

Market-share growth

•

Customer retention

•

Cycle- time reduction

•

Defect reduction DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 44


Culture change

•

Product/ service development.

In 1998 BEL had adopted Six Sigma technique: Some of the Six Sigma project is completed during 2008-09 is listed below: •

Reduction in cycle time for rejected item.

•

Improvement of internet connectivity in BEL.

•

Cycle time reduction for repairs of printers.

5S / Workplace Organization:


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE The 5S System is a series of activities designed to improve workplace organization and standardization. Standardization in

LIST

the workplace simplifies everyday activities leading to time-

SOME

saving improvements. The 5S activities include:

MACHINE:

• Sort through all items and remove unneeded items

•In

• Set in Order all remaining items, set limits, create temporary

tester.

location indicators

•Reflow Owen.

• Shine or clean everything and use cleaning as inspection

•Wave

• Standardize the first 3 S’s by implementing visual displays

Soldering

and controls

Machine.

•

Sustain

the

gains

through

self-discipline,

training,

communication, and total employee involvement Kaizen Implementation Event:

OF KEY

circuit

•CNC Machining Centre. •CNC

JIG

Boring IMEC will facilitate a group of your employees through the 5S

Machine.

process, implementing the techniques learned in the workshop.

•CNC

Normally, everything cannot be implemented during the two or

Punch Press.

three day Kaizen event. Therefore, the team will develop an

•Electroplating/

action plan with assigned responsibilities and expected

Painting Plant.

completion dates to insure that the necessary follow-up takes

•Walk

place.

Chamber/

Benefits of the 5S System

Turret

in

Environmental Stress

• Improve Quality

Screening

• Achieve work standardization

Equipment.

• Decreased changeover time • Improved safety • Reduced storage costs • Reduced cycle time • Reduced machine down time DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 46


ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT:





THE PRODUCTS PRODUCED ARE CLASSIFIED AS: A.

DEFENCE:

•

Communications

•

Radars-3D mobile radar, low flying detection radar, Tactcol Control radar.

•

Naval Systems: radars, fine control system, communicator system.

•

Opto Electronics

•

Tank Electronics

•

Simulators

A.

NON DEFENCE:

•

TV & broadcast

•

DTH

•

Telecom

•

Simputer

•

Electronic voting machine

•

Electronic components.



PRODUCTS: Products

BEL Weapon Locating Radar BEL Battle Field Surveillance Radar (BFSR-SR) BEL designs, develops and manufactures products in the fields of:



Electronic Voting Machines

•

Radars

•

BEL Weapon Locating Radar

•

BEL Battle Field Surveillance Radar

•

Indian Doppler Radar

•

Samyukta Electronic Warfare System

•

Central Acquisition Radar (3D-CAR)

•

Telecommunications

•

Sound and Vision Broadcasting

•

Opto-electronics

•

Information Technology

•

Semiconductors

•

Missile

•

Akash missile

•

Sonar’s

•

CCS

•

FCS

•

Radar

•

Electronic Warfare Systems

•

Samyukta Electronic Warfare System

•

Simulators

•

Tank electronics

•

Combined day sight for Arjun MBT

•

Defence Communications DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 51


Data Link II communications system for the Indian Navy’s P-8I

•

Solar systems

•

Naval

3.2 QUALITY MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT: Production is identified as a QMS process in the Quality Management System Manual. This procedure elaborates the process defined in the QMSM as shown below: a)

PROCEDURE:

Configuration Management Document will be maintained for projects as applicable The effective Foreign Object Debris (FOD) controls to identify prevent, detect and eliminate Foreign Object Damage is exercised during the entire process of production as per BEL/ EWA/ FOD PP/ VO dated: 21. 12. 2009 According to the level of traceability required by contract or regulatory body, the organization shall provide for • Maintenance of Identification throughout the product life by means of log books. • Maintenance of traceability of raw material. Components used. For given product maintenance of a sequential record of production (manufacture, assembly, inspection & testing).  Inspection/ testing documentation: Measurement requirements for product acceptance shall be documented showing accept/ reject criteria, record of measurement results, type of measurement instruments required.  Continual improvement in all production processes are achieved through QCCs, Suggestions, Corrective Action Team & Six Sigma methodology as shown in continual improvement process chart.  Handling of material is as specified in relevant documents. 





•


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE a)

MARKETING AND SALES:

Receipt of enquiry  Vetting of enquiry (with the help of PC)  Rate estimation (with the help of MS & CC)  Conducting enquiry review and contingency plan to address risk  Sending Quotation  Follow up Quotation  Receipt of indent / supply order.  Verification of indent / supply order (with respect to quote)  Conducting Contract review and contingency plan to address risk.  Issue of Sale Order to concerned Dept (PC)  Prepare & issue of dispatch schedule to concerned Dept monthly. Ensuring documents viz log books, UHB etc., accompany the product and same are protected against loss or deterioration  Dispatch of finished goods to consignee in proper packing case as applicable. 



a)

MANAGEMENT SERVICES (MS):

       

Provides rate estimate to enquiries Provides rate estimation for sub contract parts Generates reports Releasing of Divisional EW & A News Letter. Capital items Procurement Coordination MS prepares Load Vs capacity plan (in coordination with Head, Operations) Determine additional resource requirement Determine capacity required from sub contract.

a)

PRODUCTION CONTROL:

  

Enquiry vetting Receipt and study of engineering documents with regard to reducibility Decide Make or Buy Prepare production plan (based on Quarterly / yearly dispatches & sale order) Issue production plan to concerned Dept. Generate gross requirement of parts and issue to concerned Dept. Preparation of process sheet (OARC) Plan for special tools, Jigs and fixtures, consumables, handling boxes required



   



   

Issue material requirement plan to PCB and TR & CW. Prepare and issue launching documents to Fabn & Assy ( based on production plan) Raise sub contract request (for inadequate in- house capacity) Follow up and monitor (PP. PCB, TR & CW, SCPs, MPs & CMC items)

a)

ASSEMBLY PLANNING:

    

Collect & Issue materials Kitting of parts as per list Launch items to Assembly Bin Assembled accessories and issue as & when required to QM for custom offering Issue / bin manufactured items / PCBs / TR & CW items.

a)

MATERIAL CONTROL:



Provide inputs to purchase and sub contract for procurement (PR, SCR, and documents) based on gross requirement. Receive, store and issue accepted Purchase / Subcontract items.

a)

PURCHASE: 

a)

SUB CONTRACT: 

a)



Procure purchase parts as per production plan

Procure sub-contracted parts as per production plan

ASSEMBLY:  Receive launching documents and materials from assembly planning  Receive and plan assembly as per production plan Assemble PCBs, sub assemblies, modules, cable forms, PCB riveting, cable assemblies, main equipment as per production plan & process sheet (OARC) DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 54




a)



 

 Identify resources to meet the specific product SOP requirement Periodically monitor consumables / chemicals for valid shelf life and consumption. Hazardous materials shall be handed as per prescribed procedure.  Stipulate criteria for workmanship I the work area  Ensuring process validation for special processes.

TESTING:

 Receive test documents from D & E Plan for test equipments, accessories for testing of PCBs, Modules, sub assemblies as per ATP and PTP  Subject equipment for Environment Stress Screening as per Product Quality Plan Perform final testing of equipment and accessories before offering to customer inspection agency Offer tested equipment and accessories for inspection and acceptance by customer inspection agency  Identify resources to meet the specific product SOP requirement. k) QUALITY MANAGEMENT: 



Inspect parts (PPs, SCPs), Assembly, Sub assembly, Modules, Main Equipment accessories at various stages of production cycle (AI & MI) Offer equipment, spares and accessories for inspection and acceptance by customer agency  Perform ESS activities ( passive) as per Product Quality Plan  Identify resources to meet the specific product SOP requirement  Hand over customer/QM cleared equipment to sales for dispatch  Periodic Process Audits / Vendor Audits  Maintenance of Equipment Configuration  Conduct Defect Investigation and plan CA, PA  Periodic performance checks of small tolls, ESD protection Aids/ Devices.



3.3 FINANCE DEPARTMENT: At any moment business firm can be viewed as pool of funds. These funds come from a variety of sources, investors or share holders, creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in the business. Funds provided from these sources are committed to a number of uses: fixed asset used in production of a product or services, inventory used in the production and to facilitate sales, accounts receivable owed by customers and cash and marketable securities used for transactions and liquidity purposes. At a given moment, the pool of funds of the firm is static. However this pool changes and these are known as funds flow. BEL since inception is a profitable company. Its finance department is highly efficient and always looking for reducing unwanted cost which leads to increase in the earning of the company turnover. System of accounting followed: At BEL double entry system of accounting is followed by the professionally qualified accountants.

In BEL to work more effectively the finance department is divided into 7 sections which look after entire unit are as follows:



Establishment Section: ➢

This department is concerned with wages, salaries, medical reimbursement, conveyance reimbursement, tour advance settlement, and air fare settlement, payment of medical expenses of retired employees, provident fund and gratuity.

➢

Apart from these activities the department is also concerned with recording and maintenance of attendance, leave taken and over time work by each and every employee. Here the department records time in and out of employee through the medium of automatic time recorders provided at the vantage points within the factory. Bills Payables Section:

➢

This section is concerned with the payment of all revenue bills. A revenue bill includes payment made to suppliers, payment to government agencies like KPTCL, BWSSB, BSNL and RTO. IN case of purchasing the materials, the actual process starts once the order is placed and the material is received by stores and it is sent to quality section. Where in inspection department will certify and then clear the stores receipt vouchers. The cleared stores receipt will then come to material management who will value it. After this it is forwarded to bills payable section. They will release the payment.

Bills Receivable Section: ➢

This is the unique section which usually does not exist in money organizations. As the product of BEL is made to order, the organization should make a follow up of customers after sales.

➢

Thus the function of this section is mainly:



Maintenance of customer accounts.



Follow up of after sales procedure.

➢

The payment/amount which has to be received by the customer is checked by this section. After the sales is done that is after the dispatch of products is over which is done by commercial department, the sales department follow the invoice raised by commercial DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 57

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE department and collects the amount from the customers. Each customer is identified with a unique customer code. This code is common to all the branches of BEL and is identified by corporate office.

Performance during the past years: Company achieved a record turnover of Rs. 46, 240. 9 million during the year 2008- 09 as against Rs. 41, 025.4 million in 2007-08 registering a growth 12.71% over the previous years Export: Export turnover registered an increase of 15.17% from US $ 15.43 million in 2007- 08

to US

$ 17.77 million in 2008- 09. Export is a thrust area for BEL. BEL’s relationship with global players like Boeing, Lockheed Martin and Thales is expected to yield good business in the coming years. Bankers: State Bank Of India

HDFC Bank

State Bank Of Hyderabad

Canara Bank

State Bank Of Patiala

Syndicate Bank

State Bank Of Travancore

Vijaya Bank

State Bank Of Mysore

Bank Of Baroda

State Bank Of Bikaner & Jaipur

Andhra Bank

Auditors: Statutory auditors: M/S PKF Sridhar & Santhanam Brand auditors: BR. Maheswari & Co Argade Shyam & Co DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 58

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE N. Moteawara Rao & Co

Distribution of Value of production:

Operating results

2008-09

2007-08

Value of production

52,736.8

41,113.7

Turnover (Gross)

46,240.9

41,025.4

depreciation, 12,132.0

12,641.8

Profit

before

interest & tax Interest

107.7

2.4

Depreciation

1,056.0

926.4

Provision for tax

3,510.8

3,445.6

Profit after tax

7,457.6

8,267.4



Book Section ➢

This main work of this section is maintenance of general ledger and coordination with other sections. It is also entrusted with passing journal entries, transfer entries passed by the various sections of finance, and to ensure that proper code are used while passing the codes. Because BEL follows the common code system for all its units, so that consolidation of accounts will not be a big problem for them. In order to maintain the uniformity of the codes BEL follows this system. This is also concerned with preparation of budgets. Costing and material Account Section:

Particulars

Amount

Percentage

(Rs in million Materials

30,405.0

57.65

Employee Cost

7,557.9

14.33

Other Expenses ( Net)

2,641.8

5.01

Depreciation

1,056.0

2.00

Interest

107.7

0.20

Profit before tax

3,510.8

6.67

52,736.8

100.00

Total

2006-07

Sales & Services DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 60


➢

Coasting section in BEL is a part of finance department. The main task of this department is to classify, accumulation assignment and control of cost. The information supplied by this department has a great importance to the management in decision making. By cost splits the management will be in a position to know where exactly wastages is more, or which method is causing runoff profits etc., it also prepares the cost estimates, based on which the marketing department will make the bidding.

➢

Another important function of this section is preparing the price stock ledger and major task of this section is to looks after the capital payments.

Cash Section: The main function is to account the cash and bank balance. Other than this function the actual payment of money is done through this section. The employee’s salary, contract labors wages, supplier’s amount and receipt of customer’s payment all are through this section. Here the books maintained for cash and bank transaction are: ➢

Cheque drawn register

➢

Payment bank book

➢

Receipt bank book

➢

Payment cash book

➢

Receipt cash book Provident Fund Section: In BEL there is separate department to maintain the provident fund of employees. Company also contributes 12.5% in addition to the employee’s contribution. This department maintains the records that whether the employee has taken loan or no, if an employee has taken loan the loan amount is deducted from the total provident fund. If he has not taken the employee gets the lump sum amount at the time of his retirement. What is Audit? The most general definition of an audit is an evaluation of a person, organization, system, process, project or product. Why Audit? DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 61

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Audits are performance to ascertain the validity & reliability of information & also to provide an assessment of a system’s internal control. Goal of Audit: Is to express an opinion on the person / organization / system etc., under evaluation based on work done on a test basis. How Audit is done:

•

•

Traditionally audits were mainly association to financial systems.

•

Recently auditing includes environment, quality etc.,

It is performed by competent, independent & objective person known as auditors or accountants, they issue auditor’s report.

•

Due to practical constraints, to provide only reasonable accuracy the statements are free from material error, it is true. •

It provides assurance for third parties or external users.

What are the Audits in general (BEL Context) •

Internal Audit: It is within organization or can be outsourced to audit the regular finance functions of the department.

•

Statutory Audit: Appointed by CAG Auditors. They audit whether funds are utilized. It is mainly concentrated on the Act, Laws, rules which are statutory and take care of the shareholders interest.

•

Government Audit: Government Auditors are appointed by CAG Auditors. The scope of Government is proprietary in Nate i.e. fund allocation

Internal Audit: It acts as a watch dog of the various functions by continual observations and evaluation of records, both financial as well as others. This section mainly functions as a service to management. The main activity of internal audit is to physically verify the assets DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 62

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE mentioned in the records. This investigation helps in identifying losses, pilferage on inventory and controlling them.

ii.

•

Need for Internal Audit:

i.

Corporate governance

Laws of the land- companies act, taxation, trade related laws, global act, SEBI, AS, GAAP. iii.

Competitive markets & customer focus

iv.

Rapidly changing technology

v.

Multi unit, multi product, multi location

vi.

Supportive role to External Audit

vii.

Proprietary Issue

Functions of a finance manager ➢

Financial forecasting and planning.

➢

Acquisition of funds.

➢

Helping in valuation decision.

➢

Maintain proper liquidity.

➢

Estimation of the Financial Management.

➢

Selection of the Right sources of funds.

➢

Allocation of Funds.

➢

Analysis and interpretation of financial performance.

➢

Analysis of Cost Volume Profits.

➢

Capital Budgeting. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 63


➢

Working Capital Management.

➢

Profit planning & control.

➢

Fair return to the investors, Maintain liquidity & Wealth Maximization



➢

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT




BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE BEL- Growth profile of last decade (Rs in millions)

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

Sales and service

39526.9

41025.4

46240.9

Value of production

40127.5

41113.7

52736.8

6591.7

7557.9

Salaries,

wages

& 5196.8

benefits Profit before tax

10524.7

11713.0

10968.4

Provision for tax

3343.1

3445.6

3510.8

Dividend

1440.0

1656.0

1496.0

Equity capital

800.0

800.0

800.0

Reserve & Surplus

24923.1

31329.5

37036.8

Gross block

13248.0

14307.6

15799.0

Working capital

20099.6

26309.0

31355.6

Capital employed

23956.3

30443.8

36030.1

Net worth

25713.5

32129.5

37836.8

No. of employees

12357

12371

11961

Profit after tax

7181.6

8267.4

7457.6

Materials

21352.2

20688.9

30405.0


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE TABLE SHOWING THE TURNOVER OF THE COMPANY

YEAR

TURNOVER ( RS LAKHS )

PERCENTAGE

2003-2004

8985

100%

2004-2005

10500

116.85%

2005-2006

12350

137.45%

2006-2007

14000

155.81%

2007-2008

15500

172.50%

FINANCE HEAD (E6A) FINANCE HEAD (E6A) BBBBBBBELFBBBBBIBBBFFFNANCE HEAD (E6A)



3.4 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT ➢

Manpower is the main resource for an organizations success in the market. And it is necessary for a company to work efficiently for its success. The company management DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 69

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE should keep the employees happy so that the function of the company moves on without any problem. For keeping the employee happy there are several benefits like allowances, welfare measures, incentives, etc.

➢

But in a current competitive scenario the manpower is substitutes by the machine to decrease the manufacturing cost. But by removing the employee the company may lose its reputation and it leads to decrease in the goodwill of the company. So the company should maintain the suitable manpower.

➢

In order to keep the employees of the company happy BHEL have introduced several measures and they have segregated the employees in various categories in order to serve them better.

HRM MISSION ➢

To continually evolve new bench marks, resources, practices for ensuring effective

➢

Contribution of people towards achieving excellence.

BROAD OBJECTIVES: ➢

Attract, retain, develop, and remain effective and motivate human resource with the required skills and competencies to meet organizational needs in tune with changing business profiles and technological requirements.

➢

Maintain good industrial relations with high level of employee for better participation, productivity and quality at work.

➢

Moving towards the concept of ‘variable compensation’ it would be effective by developing and implementing new schemes for performance related pay, rewards and benefits in line with comparable organizations and employees aspiration.

➢

Support and nurture an organizational culture and climate that encourage continuous learning that enable the joint optimization of organizational goals and individual potential.



➢

Making the human resource functions more effective and customer oriented using Information Technology enabled systems.

➢

Bring in cost effectiveness in all human resources related operations and become self sustaining in long run.

➢

To propagate, support and implement the principles of “Global Compact” to United Nations.

GENERAL TERM AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE: ➢

The following general terms and conditions of service apply to all the employees, besides other rules and regulations that may be framed and notified by the Classifications of employees.

➢

The employees shall generally be classified as under



Regular



Temporary



Casual



Probationer, Apprentice/ Trainee under BHEL schemes.

➢

Regular employee is an employee who has been engaged in a vacancy on the regular establishment of the company and who has satisfactorily completed his probationary period of service and employment in regular service has been confirmed in writing.

➢

Temporary employee is an employee who has been engaged on a temporary basis for work, which is essentially of a temporary nature and likely to be completed within a stipulated period.

➢

Casual employee is an employee whose employment is of an occasional or casual nature.

➢

Probationer is an employee who is provisionally employed with a view of being considered for appointment on the regular establishment of the company.

➢

Trainee is a learner who is paid stipend or placed a grade as may be decide by the management, during the period of apprenticeship DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 71


BEL provide many awards and incentives like:-

➢ 

Cash awards for acquiring higher/additional qualification



Sponsorship for higher studies.



Family planning incentives

WORK CULTURE IN BEL: 

BEL believes that performing work culture can be nurtured by leading a learning objective.



Series education, training, self development and career development programme are done for HR development.



Various activities done BEL to promote continuous learning.

1)

Individual Learning:

•

Internal / External Training, work experience, on the job training, job motivation.

1)

Team Learning:

•

Improvement projects, task force for specific task, seminars / conference.

1)

Organizational Learning:

•

Adoption of business Excellence model.

•

Best practices from other units / industries



Punctuality: Computerized attendance



Accent on cleanliness in the work environment

•

Engineering services department in all the units is responsible for ensuring good housekeeping. Companies are certified to ISO 14001 environment management system. Besides, good practices such as 5s and housekeeping award schemes are implemented to promote a culture of cleanliness.



Uniform dress code for workers & officers:

•

Officers right up to General Manager. The uniforms are provided by company which includes washing allowance for maintenance.


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Introducing practice like games / yoga common meal system for nutritious food is



provided at subsidized rates. Various Innovation Methodologies To Improve Employee’s Response: Unit has taken several initiatives for introducing innovative methodologies to improve organizational response, customer satisfaction, enhancing productivity and morale of the employees in continuous improvement activities. Innovative Methodologies for HR Management:

•

•

Performance management system

•

Cross functional team

•

Job rotation

•

Self inspectors

•

Excellence Awards

•

QC circles

A four tier need identification system is institutionalized in the unit. Based on assessment man power planning is done. Training records of all employees are maintained in computer database.

•

Employees are sent for training to premier training institutes like XLRI, Administrative Staff College, Tata Management Training Centre.,

A handbook of major personnel policies & rules  •

Employment:

Recruitment at Induction levels for non- executives:

i.

VIII standard & above but less than SSLC

ii.

SSLC SSLC + In company training minimum of 6 months.

iii.

iv.

SSLC + ITI Graduates

v.

Engineering diploma / post graduates.



Recruitment at Induction levels for executives: Minimum qualification required to be possessed for appointment in technical disciplines is degree in engineering. In respect of non- technical it would be university degree plus relevant professional qualification in concerned discipline (CA , MBA, MSW etc.,) Promotion:

 •

Non- Executives: Assessment of suitability for promotion:

–

Passing of trade tests, wherever prescribed

–

Availability of next wage group under the career path

–

Satisfactory merit ratings during the preceding 5 years.

Employees who do not qualify for promotion can be considered again on completion of 6 months. Inter career path transfers, [only against specific vacancies noticed through internal advertisements]. Tests prescribed for promotion in different career paths will be held once in 4 months ( April, August, December) for all eligible employees. Further, the employees who fail in the prescribed test will be eligible to appear again in the test on completion of 6 months and the promotion will be postponed according to that extent. •



Executives: Determination of merit

maximum marks

Average performance index

35

Educational qualification

30

Depth of services in grade

20

Suitability

15

Probation: Standard periods of probation, both in cases appointments and promotion for executives is 1 year whereas in case of non-executives only during the


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE initial appointment probationary period is there for 6 months whereas in case of subsequent promotions no probation period is existing.

BEL Conduct, Discipline and Appeal rules / standing order: •

Scales of pay: Executives and Non Executives

•

Dearness allowance

•

Service weightage pay

•

Increment

•

House rent

•

House rent allowance

•

Leased accommodation

•

Company leased accommodation

•

Ceiling limits both in respect of plink area and monthly rental

•

Self leased accommodation

•

House rent recovery

•

City Compensatory allowance

•

Non- practicing allowance for company medical officers

•

Area Allowance

•

Conveyance Reimbursement: Conveyance allowance. Cycle allowance

•

Special allowance to blind and orthopedically handicapped employee

•

Night shift allowance

•

Split shift allowance

•

Lunch allowance

•

Lunch Subsidy

•

Turnout allowance

•

Washing allowance

•

Children education allowance

•

Safe driving bonus DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 75


Attendance bonus

•

Payment towards subscription of newspaper to the executives

•

Travelling allowance rules: For journeys on official tours within India, Model of travel

and entitlements. Daily allowance, Entitlement for long duration work assignments. •

Travelling Allowance on Retirement / Death of employee

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS: a)

Employee welfare fund: Established in all the unites with the object of undertaking welfare.

•

Educational facilities for the employees & their family members.

•

The welfare fund management is managed by a committee consisting of representatives of non- executives and management

•

Management also contribute equal contribution of fund

a)

Fine Arts Club / cultural committees: To tap and develop artistic talent among employees. The company had constituted fine arts club of BG Complex and cultural committees at various other units.

b)

Sports club: Develop sports talent among the employees sports club / committees have been established in the BG complex

c)

Officers club: The company encouragement formation of officers club in the divisions to facilitate the recreational and cultural activities of the officers and their family members. Accommodation and other facilities are provided to the club. The company also provides financial assistance for the functioning cities.

d)

Supply of milk & vitamin tablets: Employees working in hazardous areas and as certified by the plant medical officer are supplied with milk and vitamin tablets everyday.

SUPER ANNUATION: Every employee shall be required to retire from service on attaining the age of 60 years. The management may however on review retire any employee after he attains the age of 55years on giving one and a half months notice or payment of the one and half month’s pay and allowance in lie, thereof subject to necessary clearance including vigilance clearance DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 76


VERIFICATION OF CHARACTER AND ATTENDANCE Appointments to only post in the company shall be subject to the satisfactory verification of character and antecede SENIORITY It shall be determined by the merit order assigned by the selection board. The seniority of the person whose services are obtained on deputation and who is substantially absorbed in the service of the company without break shall be determined with reference to the date of his joining and the existing post initially on depuration. TRANSFERS Employee shall be liable to be transferred at the discretion of the management from one work or development section of station to another, provided that in doing. So the management shall keep in view the suitability of the employees for the particular management work and also the pay grade and the seniority of the employees concerned is projected. HOURS OF WORK Every employee of the company shall be requires to work 48 hours a week. OVERTIME: The management reserves the right to require any employee to work overtime including work on weekly holidays in accordance with the instructions issued from time to time and the employee is also liable to be recalled for duty at anytime for such overtime, the work done, adequate compensation by way of compensatory of overtime payment will be allowed of at the discretion of the management Discharge and Termination of Services: ➢

Expect as may be specifically provided in the contract of service or in the standing orders, the management may at any time discharge an employee from services by giving notice. Similarly, the employee will be required to give the same notice in the event of his intention to leave the service of the company. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 77


➢

The services of an employee may also be terminated by the company on the following grounds, among others:

•

On abolition of the post

•

On being declared unfit for further service on medical ground.

•

Conviction by a court of law for criminal offence amounting to moral turpitude.

•

Employee engaging himself in other employment without the written permission of the management or if he is found to have been working elsewhere during the period of leave or off duty.

•

Absence by an employee on grounds of sickness for a continuous period of more than 18 months if suffering from tuberculosis, leprosy, mental or malignant disease or fracture of lower/upper extremity and six month or more if suffering from any other disorder on the basis of the opinion of the medical board

Discharge and Termination Notices period; Regular employees ➢

All Executives: Three months on either side.

➢

Others: One month on either side.

Temporary employees ➢

On expiry of stipulated period of appointment: - No notice on either side.

➢

If no period of appointment is stipulated or the appointment is required to be terminated before the expiry of the stipulated period for which there should be a provision in the letter of appointment then one month on either side.

➢

Probationers i.e., those appointment on probation one month on either side in the case of executives and 14 days notice on either side for other categories.

Apprentices/Trainees As per the provisional of the bond Substitutes and Casual Employees with less than 240 days service, No Notice on either side. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 78

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Recruitment & Selection: It is the process of searching for prospective applicants and simulating them to apply for the job in an organization.

Procedure for Recruitment: BEL has developed a standard form of procedure for recruiting the applicants them to apply for the job in an organization. ➢

Requisition form to employment exchange

➢

Call letter for selection

➢

Call letter for trade/ technician Apprentices

➢

Offer of training for trade/ technical apprentices

➢

Offer for temporary employment

➢

Offer of appointment

➢

Offer of appointment for supervisors

➢

Acceptance form

➢

Joining Report

➢

Confirmation order for completion of probation

Source of Recruitment: ➢

From employment exchange

➢

From open market through advertisement in the press

➢

By considering departmental candidates possessing the specified requirement

➢

From reputed engineering/ management through college campus interview

Selection: ➢

In BEL, selection of applicants is done through the central recruitment committee. The committee constitutes of corporate personnel departments in consultation with the respective division. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 79

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Recruitment Policy: ➢

Recruitment was based on the order issued by the government of India. Reservation was made available for physically challenged ex-servicemen, schedule caste/tribes and other minorities. Welfare:

➢

Welfare includes anything done for the intellectual, physical, moral, economic betterment of the workers. It is normally done by the organization, over and above what is laid down by the law of what is normally expected.

➢

In BEL, lot of importance is given to the welfare of the employees. Welfare facilities provided to the employees are:



Uniforms and masks were given to employees and apprentice/trainees



Special incentives for family planning scheme



Overtime facilities

➢

The most important resource of BEL is its employees. They are provided with safe work condition, detailed training in technical aspects of their jobs and also imparted knowledge in areas like first-aid, fire fighting etc. A medical center with an ambulance service is attached to BEL industrial complex and all workers are covered under BEL

Group Insurance Policy: ➢

The company also organized a number of programs in team building, organizational development, productivity techniques and company information through a well- equipped HRD center. Employees are provided with housing facilities just outside the factory, a learning center and a canteen which serves nutritious and hygienic food. Employees are kept informed about various activities through a monthly house journal.

HOUSE RENT ALLOWANCE (HRA) ➢

The HRA is given by the organization of the employees at the following rates:



CITY/CLASS OF CITIES

RATE OF HRA PER MONTH

Mumbai and Delhi

30% of pay

Other A class cities

25% of pay

B1 and B2 class cities

15% of pay

C class/unclassified cities

10% of pay

Canteen ➢

Food which is basic necessity of human being is served in the company over the years at a subsidized rates say about Rs 3 per day and it also serves nutritious and hygienic food. And a special feature is that each and every employee has to wipe His / Her I.D. card in a magnetic machine so that it is a way to identify the time of entry and exit to the concern. This canteen also provides Tea/Coffee at least twice a day.

Trade Union ➢

In any industry we can see Trade Unions among workers. Trade Unions are a voluntary organization of worker or employees formed protect and promote their interest through collective actions. In BEL we can also find Trade Unions, which take care of employee whenever issues are made against the employee. But the trade union in BEL includes many educated workers so that the issues are settled within the factory. Top management and trade union leaders come together and try to settle problem within the factory premises.



ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT:



Employee Participation in BEL: BEL believes in involving and empowering through greater participation by giving them various opportunities. Major employee involvement programs are: •

Quality circle, Suggestion scheme DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 83


Some of the committees: Cultural, sports, safety, canteen, community centre, labour welfare fund committee, death relief fund committee

•

Quality circle in BEL was started in 1991 & has taken deep root

•

Around 65 QC are active. The coverage of employees is highest among all units of the company

•

More than 85% of employees are the member QC

•

Participation of QC in various competitions like yearly inter unit QC competition, CCI competition & National QC competition give them immense opportunity to learn & improve the process effectively

•

An attractive award scheme was introduced in year 2002 for QC presentation & implementation of solution generated

Benefits and rewards for employees in BEL: Compensation and benefits plans of BEL are comprehensive. BEL enters with wage negotiation with Negotiating trade union periodically according to the guidelines issued by department of public enterprises. Some of the rewards are: ✔

Appreciation or cash award for suggestion

✔

Awards for outstanding performance

✔

Gifts after completion of 15 and 25 year of service

✔

Sponsorship for competition / seminars

✔

Awards for achievements in safety QC and housekeeping.

List of some suggestion and awarded during 2009-10:

Name

Suggestion given

Savings in Rs lakh

S.S.Bishit

Use of rejected power supply 10.91 of SAW project DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 84


Prakash

Repairs

of

OLD

Thermal 4.90

strippers Bhopal Sing

Rectification of filter failure 3.56 during leak test of Stars V-FH

Prakash

Reduction

in

rejection

of 2.54

display card used in front panel

JOB ROTATION: Unit has planned for rotation of 10% of its employee each year

3.5 MARKETING DEPARTMENT PROCESS FLOW CHART OF MARKETING DIVISION: Visit customer & market Tie- up with technology partner


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Training & After sales support

Quote / Tender Participation

Payment & collection

Customer

Bill submission of customer

Dispatch of material

➢

Techno commercial evaluation

Obtaining supply order

Execution of PO / SO

Finalization of contract & review

For any organization to carry out its sale activity efficiently and more effectively

what they need is a good marketing department. Marketing department deals with the all the activities carried out by BEL. In the field of ceramic components BEL has a good stand in the country and its sales are more. The duty of marketing department is to maintain all these records. For doing so there are 8 employees, in which 5 employees deals with the disc insulators, 1 employee deals with the exerts of these insulators, 1 employee deals with other type of insulators and other employee takes care of other ceramic products. The activities carried out by marketing department are: ➢

Enquiry from the customer

➢

Acknowledge to that enquiry

➢

Offer-quoting of tender

➢

Negotiation DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 86


➢

Order

➢

Internal order allocation

➢

Market Exploration

➢

Order Booking

➢

Bidding

➢

Preparing the Annual Budget

➢

Projections

➢

Billing, Invoice and Dispatch



In enquiry there will be a qualifying requirement, which specifies certain condition for any company to qualify for the offer that is capacity, assets involved etc, enquiry consists of both commercial as well as the technical requirement terms.



Enquiry will go to engineering department for recommendation and approval of the technical specification. If the engineering department thinks it is not possible to manufacture according to that specification then marketing department will exchange a word of mouth with the customers regarding issue and comes to a conclusion.



On the other hand, if the technical details meet with the available product then the engineering department will give a green signal for the transaction which will be carried out by the marketing department.



After the order is accepted the production is carried out according to the desired specification. After production is over the company calls the customers for the inspection, which may be conducted by the customers representatives or they may insist for the company to go for internal inspection or they may send third party for the inspection.



After the inspection is over and if the product is found to be according to the required norms then the customers will give the packing and dispatch instruction according to which the company should go for the dispatch of the materials.



Once the dispatches of the products are sent according to their requirements then the marketing department will follow up the payment if it is fewer amounts. If the amount is more finance department will follow up. The marketing department also will keep in touch with the customer to maintain good rapport.

Marketing Strategies: DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 87

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE This section provides broad overview of the plan for achieving the marketing objectives, and ultimately, the organizational goals. Marketing strategy focuses on defining a target market and developing a marketing mix to gain long run competitive advantages. Marketing strategy guides the firm’s direction in relationships between customers and competitors. In BEL, their main promotional tools are: ➢

Seminar

➢

Presentation

➢

They promote their product by conducting seminars and presentation through video-

conferencing. Customer Satisfaction Level: Customer is the central point and all the marketing activities revolve around him. Manufacturer produces what the customer wants. Consumers behave in a particular manner as directed by his inner motive. The marketers to study and analyze the consumer behavior in order to sell and improve the product.

Global Presence:

➢

BEL’s global presence is as follows



ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF MARKETING DEPARTMENT:



Marketing Strategy Implication at BEL: It can be divided into following parts:

•

Market Segmentation: DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 90

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE SEGMENTATION Market Segment

Customer

Defence

Army,

Equipment navy, ULSB,

% turnover(09-10) STARS- 70

Airforce, ordinance VSMACT,SAW, factories

PRC / VRC

Ministry of Home BSF, CRPF, ITBP, BEST, affairs

STF,

HART, 05

STATE SMART

POLICE, SSB Civil

BSNL,

MTNL, CDOT Exchange

20

Rail-Tel, CAPART Other unit of BEL

BEL-PK,

BEL- MUX,

GAZ •

Marketing Targeting:

a.

Need based customer

b.

Segment Attractiveness

c.

Segment Profitability

d.

Segment Positioning

•

Positioning:

FILLGUN, 15

Electronic warfare

Positioning is the act of designing the company’s product and image to occupy a distinctive place in the minds of target market & customer to increase the sale of their product. This goal is to locate the brand in the minds of consumer to maximize the potential benefit to the firm at less time. •

Promotion: Advertising, Sales promotion, Direct marketing.

•

Competitive Analysis: DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 91

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Strategy may be of 3 types: –

Entry into new products

–

Cost leadership

–

After sales service

•

Diversification Strategy by BEL:

a)

New Product Development: BEL is always known for development of new product according to the need of the customer. In order to develop near product BEL follow the general pattern They gathered the information from the customer relating existing product and also about their need and used it for the development of new equipment. Upgradation of existing equipment & product Planning and imparting operation and maintenance training to employees Field visit of their technical personnel to impact in training & planning for early deliveries of ordered equipments Little equipment under development as a result of such interaction is S-RAXMKII, ULSBMKII, IFDSS for T90 Tank

a)

New Business Development Group: In view of rapid expansion of mobile phone communication, disappearance of old product which is the strength of BEL and increase of market challenges. New business development group is formed during 2005-06 to enter into new business areas. Therefore, advance technology partners are scanned and selected keeping in view their product portfolio,, Research & Development strength & leadership position on Global / Indian market. a)

Strategic Challenges: Fast changing technology Management of obsolescence of material Retention of competent engineers Cost reduction Timely delivery DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 92

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Productivity improvement Effective utilization of machines Human resource Motivation of employees Export marketing Field

Partner

Core competency

Technology / R & D

Tadiran-Israel,

Switching,

NUTEH-Hyderabad,

hardware,

Spectron-Pune

supply, fire fighting system

Materials

Amphenol, Framatome

Connectors PCB’s

Manufacturing

RHRC,

DELTRON,

BANSANT, INDIA Human Resource

Data software,

terminal, power

RTC, Manufacturing of line, power supplier, SMT Assembly

MDI, IIMS, ASCI, COD- HR Development Hyderabad

3.6 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Since the IT sector has been introduced to the world it has become a key part in the day to day functioning of the organization. Systems Department in BEL provides service to production and other department in turn which helps in network infrastructure, mail transaction and virtual private networks to connect other units and provides on-the-job training to employees. The different functions carried out by IT are:➢

Collection of data from various departments & preparation of ceramic production

report ➢

All servers hardware/software planning.

➢

VPN & leased lines networking

➢

Consumables

➢

Antivirus and hardware related issues

➢

PC& printer maintenance coordination

➢

Stationery & consumables

➢

Stock position maintenance including indenting

➢

General office administration & other miscellaneous work

➢

Intranet site development

➢

Website development

➢

Network server & backup

➢

SAP BASIS administration

➢

SAPABAP development

➢

ERP issues coordination

The company implemented SAP in the year 2004. SAP stands for “Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing”. Since then the units function has gradually changed from traditional way of working to the usage of the systems. The implementation of SAP using given resources in various levels and in different departments has made the functioning smooth, since IT maintains the systems around the clock.

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF IT DEPARTMENT DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 94


3.7 HUMAN RESORUCES DEVELOPMENT

➢ The culture of the corporate world is changing dramatically. The sources of power have shifted from capital resource to human resource, from natural resource to knowledge resource. ➢ We live in a world wherein there exists a perceivable gap between the present state and desired state is it in the personal, professional and organizational scenarios. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 95

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE ➢ The pivotal role of HRD lies in helping management and employees alike in identifying and narrowing the above gap through appropriate training. This constitutes the core of contemporary HRD practice. ➢ So HRD is the process by which people are assisted in a continuous and planned manner to develop their job competence, personality and other capabilities. It is the total all round development of the people, so that they can contribute their best to the organization. ➢ HRD in the organization context is a process by which the employees of the organization are helped continuously and planned way to:  Acquire or sharpen the skills required to perform their present and expected future roles effectively.  Develop the general capabilities to discover and explore their own potential for their own organizational developments.  Develop an organizational culture that encourages team work, mutual trust and freedom to express one’s feeling and opinion so as to contribute to professional well being to employees and organization. ➢ BEL considers its work force to be an asset of the company. It takes care of human

relationship in the organization.

The main functions of the HRD: ➢

Identify the needs of employees.

➢

Based on the need, training and development program is undertaken.

➢

Training budget is approved by the HOD

➢

The required employees will undergo training.

Objectives:



➢

To conduct applied research on various aspects of ceramic materials

➢

Upgrade technology from laboratory to pilot plant scale prior to commercial production

➢

Provide consultancy engineering services

➢

Establish facilities for characterization and testing of ceramic materials

TRAINING:

Purpose: ➢

To impart necessary training, to continuously update the skills and knowledge of all those managing, performing and verifying the quality of services. To impart resources into company program’s for all the developmental programs. To consolidate into company programs for the training needs identified from all the departments/section.

Scope: ➢

This is essentially limited to the product quality (that is general management, behavioral management, technical and skill oriented programs). Training for safety related aspects are given by the safely department and for quality related by the quality department.

Responsibility: The responsibility of identifying the training needs of all individuals lies with the concerned controlling officers/HOD and group heads. The responsibility of consolidating and listing, in the order of priority, the program’s to be conducted, in order to impart the necessary training lies the head of HRDC. Development Programmes: ➢

Developmental programs are conducted for all categories of employees i.e., Executive, Supervisors and Artisans. The company for this purpose invites faculty from outside. Counseling Programmes:



➢

Counseling programs are undertaken for employees who are irregular to work, uninterested in the work, etc. for this purpose, the company encourages suggestions, group work etc., and hence motivate the employees. Project Training and Visits:

➢

BEL encourages project training to students from different disciplines. This provides training not only for the students, but the company also gets benefited through their research work carried out as their curriculum. Performance Appraisal:

➢

Performance appraisal is a process of supporting the use of human resources in an organization effectively and efficiently. It is possibly management’s most powerful tool in controlling performance and productivity of human resources in the organization.

➢

Performance evaluation and thereby performance appraisal at BEL is done internally by the immediate concerned officer. The employees are given points based on the performance. The employees are evaluated on the basis of points.

3.7 SAFETY DEPARTMENT Precaution from accidents and taking suitable precautionary measures is the main activity of this department; BEL has separate section called HSE section. It takes in to account all the precautionary measures. Safety Policy: The following are the safety policies adopted by BEL unit: ➢

Compliance with applicable Legislation and Regulations.

➢

Continual improvement in the safety management systems performance. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 98


➢

Enhancement of safety awareness amongst employees, customers and suppliers by proactive communication and training.

➢

Periodical review of safety management systems ensuring its continuity, suitability, adequacy and effectiveness.

➢

Communication of this policy to all employees and interested parties.

➢

Co-ordination with concerned government agencies/regulatory bodies engaged in safety activities.

Functions: ➢

Accident preventions.

➢

To provide Personal Protective Equipments (PPE’s), like safety shoes to protect from piercing metals, contact from acids, electric shock etc., welding shields, safety belts etc. to employees and crash helmets are provided to those employees and crash helmets are provided to those employees who are working in kilns section to protect from head injuries.

➢

Safety Education.

➢

This unit has board exhibiting details regarding the production processes and safety measures to be taken by each and every sections of the production department to enable the employees to function smoothly.

Ways to Prevent Accidents ➢

Material should be lifted with the leg muscles, keeping the back straight and knees bent.

➢

When handling long objects, hold front end high and the rear end low.

➢

Take the help of crane, hoist or other mechanical device when heavy material is to be handled.

➢

Check for potholes and unevenness in floors when using pallet carts & wheelbarrows.

➢

Do not over pile material such that it obstructs the visibility of the person handling.

➢

When using wheelbarrow load should be placed well forward, so as to make it easier to lift and push.

➢

Concentrate on the job you are handling. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 99

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE General Safety Procedures ➢

Fire prevention and protection: Leakage of Oil should be stopped.

➢

Housekeeping & cleaning in the work area to be maintained.

➢

Electrical safety precautions should be implemented to prevent electric shock.

➢

Fencing / Guarding of rotating parts of the machineries to be ensured.

➢

Any other Safety Measures relevant to the Jobsite to be ensured.

➢

Job specific PPE & safety devices to be provided.

➢

Reverse horn to be provided for all vehicles used within the premises

➢

Close supervision should be provided from day one.

➢

Trained ‘First Aiders’ with first aid station should be ensured.

➢

Contingency plan for all the catastrophes should be prepared.

➢

Emergency preparedness and response plan should be prepared and implemented.

➢

Job safety analysis to be prepared for critical activities.

➢

Flashers and red reflective tapes to be provided on Driven pil

CHAPTER 4 STUDY OF SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT PROBLEM DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 100


Problem: Working capital crisis in BEL 4.1

Working capital level in BEL

4.2

Working capital trend analysis and observation

4.3

Current Assets and observation

4.4

Current Liabilities and observation

4.5

Changes in working capital

4.6

Statement of changes in working capital and observations

In BEL they are facing problem in maintaining working capital management. so, i have made a detailed study by referring to last 5 yrs working capital. 4.1 Working capital level The consideration of the level investment in current assets should avoid two danger points excessive and inadequate investment in current assets. Investment in current assets should be just adequate, not more or less, to the need of the business firms. Excessive investment in current assets should be avoided because it impairs the firm s profitability, as idle investment earns nothing. On the other hand inadequate amount of working capital can be threatened solvency of the firms because of its inability to meet its current obligation. It should be realized that the working capital need of the firms may be fluctuating with changing business activity. This may cause excess or shortage of working capital frequently. The management should be prompt to initiate an action and correct imbalance Table: Size of working capital: Particulars

(RS. In millions) 2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

Inventories

9180

10827

15437

18373

27430

Sundry Debtors

13346

16200

22304

28305

44051

A) Curren t Assets


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Cash & Bank Balance

2228

1378

1127

22619

3566

Other Assets

1556

349

329

571

1010

Loan & Advances

7765

7341

7271

7577

10751

Total of A (Gross W.C.)

34065

36095

46468

77445

86808

Current liabilities

14515

16572

20019

30789

43203

Provisions

138

308

369

3018

2594

Total of B

14653

16880

20388

33807

45797

Net W. C. (A-B)

19422

19215

26080

43638

41011

B) Curren t liabilities

4.2 Working capital trend analysis: In working capital analysis the direction at changes over a period of time is of crucial importance. Working capital is one of the important fields of management. It is therefore very essential for an analyst to make a study about the trend and direction of working capital over a period of time. Such analysis enables as to study the upward and downward trend in current assets and current liabilities and it s effect on the working capital position. Emphasizing the importance of working capital trends, Man Mohan and Goyal have pointed out that analysis of working capital trends provide as base to judge whether the practice and privilege policy of the management with regard to working capital is good enough or an important is to be made in managing the working capital funds. Further, any one trend by itself is not very informative and therefore Comparison with Illustrated their ideas in these words, an upwards trends coupled with downward trend or sells, accompanied by marked increase in plant investment especially if the increase in planning investment by fixed interest obligation. Table: Working capital size


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Years

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

Net W.C.(A-B)

19423

19217

26081

43640

41013

W.C.Indices

100

98.94

134.28

224.68

211.16

Chart on Working capital indices:

Observations: It was observed that major source of liquidity problem is the mismatch between current payments and current receipts from the Comparison of funds flow statements of BEL for five years. It was observed that in the year 2008-09 current assets increased by around 29% and current liabilities increased only by 19% which affect as working capital increased by 35%. In the year 2008 to 2009 net working capital increased to Rs 43640 million from Rs. 26081 million, the increase in working capital is close to 67%. While current assets increased by 66% and current liabilities by 65%. It shows that management is using long term funds to short term requirements. And it has fallen to Rs.41013 million in the year 2009 because current assets gone up by only 12%, current liabilities grown by 35%. This two together pushed down the net working capital to the present level. The fall in working capital is a clear indication that the company is utilizing its short term resources with efficiency. 4.6 CHANGES IN WORKING CAPITAL There are so many reasons to changes in working capital as follow 

Changes in sales and operating expenses:-

The changes in sales and operating expenses may be due to three reasons •

There may be long run trend of change e.g. the price of raw material Say iron may constantly raise necessity the holding of large inventory.

•

Cyclical changes in economy dealing to ups and downs in business activity will influence the level of working capital both permanent and temporary.

•

Changes in seasonality in sales activities


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Policy changes:- The second major case of changes in the level of working capital is because of policy changes initiated by management. The term current assets policy may be defined as the relationship between current assets and sales volume. Technology changes:- The third major point if changes in working capital are changes in technology because changes in technology to install that technology in our business more working capital is required A change in operating expenses rise or full will have similar effects on the levels of working following working capital statement is prepared on the base of balance sheet of last two year. 4.7 Statement of changes in working capital Statement of changes in working capital Particulars

2008-09

2009-10

Changes in.

W.C

Increase

Decrease

A ) C u r r e n t A ss et s Inventories

18373

27430

9057

Sundry Debtors

28305

44051

15746


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Cash & Bank

22619

3566

Other Assets

571

1010

439

10751

3174

Loan

& 7577

19053

Advances Total of A

77445

86808

30789

43203

Provisions

3018

2594

Total of B

33807

45797

A- 43638

41011

B ) C u r r e n t L ia bi li ti es Current

12414

liabilities

W,C,(Total

424

B) Net Decrease in

2627

2627

Working DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page 105

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Capital Total

43638

43638

31467

31467

Observations Working capital decreased in the year 2009 to 2010 because Sales increased by around 35%, where cost of raw material purchased Increased by 42% and manufacturing expanses increased by 51%. Cost of material and manufacturing expanses increased because of Inflation, which was 6.63% in Feb. 2010 increased from 4%in 2009



CHAPTER 5 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION



Recommendations: One’s area of concern is a sundry debtors. It is recommended that either the operations in the area to be toned up with introduction of skilled, trained & motivated work force or the subcontractor of their operation to be done to outside agencies. Marketing department should be divided in different & each sub department will be responsible for their work. In the complex market, the divisional heads are required to be given total responsibility of the operations under them & be held accountable for that: Targeting low margin high volume operation and diversification the product & business Better HR policies to attract & retain the talent Technological advancement A library which offers a vast range of books, journals, magazines, newspapers and internet facilities. Conduct more efficient training programs this will help them not only in existing work area, but also in developing the overall individual personality. Strictly advice the workers to use the safety equipment at shop floor. Reduce the excessive wastages after the kiln this in turn helps in reducing the cost. Provide sign boards with in the units to facilitate easy identification of the department. Conduct seminar on communication so that employees improve their communication skills. Provide proper place for disposal of waste materials. Time taken to produce finished goods should be reduced in case of insulators. Provide proper storage facilities for finished goods.



Conclusion BEL being public sector unit manufacturing industrial and heavy electrical goods has been technologically and managerially advanced in recent years. This division of BEL can be made as an example to other public sectors. As a processing industry, it should have proper communication between all types of departments. Because they need to work together to achieve the organization goal more effectively and efficiently. The management will receive feed-back from employees. This is done in periodically by HR Department. In this if any employee having better suggestion regarding the working improvement, it will be checked and if it is giving better results it will be accepted. The person who has given the suggestion will be rewarded suitably. Today BEL exceeds to keep up the pace of rapid development in its move for perfection. BEL has fortified its drive for complete customer satisfaction preparing for the future with the sense of commitment and confidence. It looks forward to continuing stage of dynamic growth achievement and total service for energy. The employees of the BEL are given Medical Facilities till their death and even to family members. Hence this has been a stimulating force for the employees as well it has increased their loyalty and morale towards the organization. I never felt that I am doing my project in a PSU as the management was similar to that of a Private Company. Hence, my total scenario towards the PSU has totally changed. I would be lucky to get employment in BEL. The internship program was extremely beneficial, where I was exposed to the various activities in a work environment. I gained a wide knowledge about the various departments like the production process, computerized accounting system, the salary benefits, training program help for workers, work satisfaction of employees, marketing and commercial, Material management and many more. These experiences I am sure is going to prove as an asset to me in my future Endeavors. I really had a great experience in the company which gave me a chance to know the functioning of the


BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE organization, therefore, it can definitely be said that this opportunity has improved my knowledge about the management and various other concepts.

APPENDIX





BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books: •

BEL magazine,

•

Ford magazine,

•

Personal magazine of various departments,

•

BEL yearly diary. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & IT Page

112

BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED (BEL)-BANGALORE Reports: Annually, Quarterly report of BEL Websites: •

www.bel.co.in

•

www.moneycontrol.com

•

www.google.com

•

www.wikipedia.com

•

www.scrib.com


38534240 Bel Internship Final

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