(20-11-2013) Unit 1 - (Writing) Linking words of Purpose and Concession.docx

Level: 2nd Bac, Human Science 5 Topic: Linking Words

Date: 20/11/2013 Lesson Type: Objectives:

Writing

Unit 1: Formal, Informal, No formal Education Time: 55 min (09-10h)

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

 Use correctly the linking words to express Purpose and Concession. Instructional Aids :

Blackboard Lesson Outline Content

Technique s

Stage s

War m-up

Step 1

Timing

Mo of Wo

Warmingup

 T greets Ss.  T elicits from Ss information about the linking words (cohesive devices) that they know.  Ss categorise different set of linking words by giving the right heading to each list a) Purpose (in order to – to - so as to - so that ….. ) b) Contrast ( but – while - on the hand - whereas … ) c) Addition ( both …. and - too/as well – in addition to – not only … but also) d) Concession ( although – yet – however – though … )

Eliciting

15 min

Guessing

T

pa

Explainin g Questioni ng Categorizin g

e) Cause and effect ( because – consequently – due to – thanks to … ) Step 2  T explains two different sets of linking words and illustrating with examples: A. Purpose: Affirmative to so as to in order to

+ Verb

Explainin g

Negative not to so as not to in order not to

T

Questioni ng

+ Verb

Guessing Illustratin g

for + verbing

present (will / can) + verb so that in order that

+ subject + past (would/

could) + verb

for + not + verbing present (won’t/ can’t) + verb so that + subject + in order that past (wouldn’t/ couldn’t) + verb

20 min

Examples: They took a taxi. They wanted to arrive on time. They took a taxi so as to arrive on time. (so as to/ to / in order to)

T

They took a taxi. They didn’t want to be late. They took a taxi so as not to be late. (negative) They took a taxi. They wanted to arrive on time. They took a taxi for arriving on time. (for) They took a taxi. They didn’t want to be late. They took a taxi for not being late. (negative) The teacher speaks loudly. He wants the students to hear him. The teacher speaks loudly so that the students will/can hear him. The teacher spoke loudly. He wanted the students to hear him. The teacher spoke loudly so that the students would/could hear him They took a taxi. They didn’t want to be late. They took a taxi in order that they wouldn’t be late. Step 3

B. Concession:

T 20 min

although though even though even if

+ situation

,

effect Explainin g Questioni ng

Situation . *********** , effect However / nevertheless / yet / but In spite of Despite

+ the fact that + situation

Examples:

,

effect

Ahmed was ill. He went to school. Although Ahmed was ill, he went to school

Ahmed was ill. However, he went to school Despite the fact that Ahmed was ill, he went to school  Ss practice the uses of the two sets of linking words (purpose and concession) through these sentences: 1) They spent two months in London. They wanted to improve their

Guessing Illustratin g

spoken English 2) You must visit our town in winter if you don’t want to miss the snowfalls (not) 3) Hisham is a hardworking student. He gets bad grades.