MRR vs Atty Gen (Digest) http://fluffypeaches.blogspot.com http://fluf fypeaches.blogspot.com/20!/02/manila"#ai /20!/02/manila"#ail#oa$"co"v"atto#ney"gen l#oa$"co"v"atto#ney"gene#al.html e#al.html NATURE Appeal f#om a %u$gment of the &' &' a#lac a#lac $ismissing the the action befo#e it on motion of the the plaintiff upon the g#oun$ that the cou#t ha$ no %u#is$iction of the sub%ect matte# of the cont#ove#sy. FACTS *n Dec +0,- Manila Rail#oa$ &o. began an action in &' a#lac a#lac fo# the con$emnation of +-+0 s. m. #eal estate locate$ in a#lac. his is fo# const#uction of a #ail#oa$ line f#om 1aniui to ayug in a#lac- efo#e beginning the action- Mla Rail#oa$ ha$ cause$ to be ma$e a tho#ough sea#ch in the *ffice of the Regist#y of 1#ope#ty an$ of the a3 a3 4he#e the lan$s sought to be con$emne$ 4e#e locate$ an$ to 4hom they belonge$. As a #esult of such investigations- it allege$ that the lan$s in uestion 4e#e locate$ in a#lac. Afte# filing filing an$ $uly se#ving the complaint- the the plaintiffplaintiff- pen$ing final $ete#mination $ete#mination of the the action- too5 possession possession of an$ occupie$ the lan$s $esc#ibe$ in the complaint- buil$ing its line an$ putting the same in ope#ation. *n *ct 6- Mla Rail#oa$ gave notice to the $efen$ants that on *ct. +- a motion 4oul$ be ma$e to the cou#t to $ismiss the action upon the g#oun$ that the cou#t ha$ no %u#is$iction of the sub%ect matte#- it having %ust been asce#taine$ by the plaintiff that the lan$ sought to be con$emne$ 4as situate$ in the 1#ovince of 7ueva 8ci%a- instea$ of the 1#ovince of a#lac- as allege$ in the complaint. his motion 4as hea#$ an$- afte# $ue consi$e#ation- the t#ial cou#t $ismisse$ the action upon the g#oun$ p#esente$ by the plaintiff. ISSUES/RULING WON CFI Tarlac has power and authorit to ta!e co"ni#ance o$ conde%nation o$ real estate located in another pro&ince 98- ections !! an$ ! '() of Act 7o. ; of the 1hilippine &ommission confe# pe#fect an$ complete %u#is$iction upon the &' of these slan$s 4ith #espect to #eal estate. uch %u#is$iction is not ma$e to $epen$ upon locality. he#e is no suggestion of limitation. he %u#is$iction %u#is$iction is unive#sal. t is no4he#e p#ovi$e$- that a &' of one p#ovince- #egula#ly sitting in sai$ p#ovince- may not un$e# ce#tain con$itions ta5e cogni
u#is$iction ove# the pe#son- ho4eve#- may be confe##e$ by consent- e3p#essly o# implie$ly given- o# it may- by an ob%ection- be p#evente$ f#om attaching o# #emove$ afte# it has attache$. WON Sec* +,,'-) o$ the Code o$ Ci&il .rocedure and Act* No* (-0 '+) are applica1le and so the CFI has no 2urisdiction 2urisdiction 7*- the te#ms of section ;,, p#ovi$ing that actions affecting #eal p#ope#ty shall be b#ought in the p#ovince 4he#e the lan$ involve$ in the suit- o# some pa#t the#eof- is locate$- $o not affect the %u#is$iction of &' ove# the lan$ itself but #elate simply to the pe#sonal #ights of pa#ties as to the place of t#ial. hat it ha$ %u#is$iction of the pe#sons of all the pa#ties is in$isputable. hat %u#is$iction %u#is$iction 4as obtaine$ not only by the usual cou#se of p#actice " that is- by the p#ocess of the cou#t " but also by consent e3p#essly given- is appa#ent. he plaintiff submitte$ itself to the %u#is$iction by beginning the action. he $efen$ants a#e no4 in this cou#t as5ing that the action be not $ismisse$ but continue$. hey a#e not only no# ob%ecting to the %u#is$iction of the cou#t but- #athe#- a#e he#e on this appeal fo# the pu#pose of maintaining that ve#y %u#is$iction ove# them. 7o# is the plaintiff in any position to as5e$ fo# favo#s. t is clea#ly guilty of g#oss negligence in the allegations of its complaint- if the lan$ $oes not lie in a#lac as it no4 asse#ts. 3ISTINGUIS4E3 FRO5 6ENUE he uestion of venue $oes not #elate to %u#is$iction of the cou#t ove# the sub%ect matte#- it simply g#anting to the $efen$ant ce#tain #ights an$ p#ivileges as against the plaintiff #elative #elative to the place of t#ial- 4hich #ights an$ p#ivileges he might 4aive e3p#essly o# by implication. ?enue becomes me#ely a matte# of metho$- of convenience to the pa#ties litigant. f thei# inte#ests a#e best subse#ve$ by b#inging in the &ou#t nstance of the city of Manila an action affecting lan$s in the 1#ovince of locos 7o#te- the#e is no cont#olling #eason 4hy such a cou#se shoul$ not be follo4e$. he matte# is- un$e# the la4- enti#ely 4ithin the cont#ol of eithe# pa#ty. pa#ty. he plaintiff@s inte#ests select the venue. f such selection is not in acco#$ance 4ith section ;,,- the $efen$ant may ma5e timely ob%ection an$- as a #esult- the venue is change$ to meet the #eui#ements of the la4. ection ;,, of the &o$e of &ivil 1#oce$u#e is not applicable to actions by #ail#oa$ co#po#ations to con$emn lan$s= an$ that- 4hile 4ith the consent of $efen$ants e3p#ess o# implie$ the venue may be lai$ an$ the action t#ie$ in any p#ovince selecte$ by the plaintiff neve#theless the $efen$ants 4hose lan$s lie in one p#ovince- o# any one of such $efen$ants- maymayby timely application to the cou#t- #eui#e the venue as to thei#thei#- o#- if one $efen$ant- his- lan$s to be change$ to the p#ovince 4he#e thei# o# his lan$s lie. n such case the action as to all of the $efen$ants not ob%ecting 4oul$ continue in the p#ovince 4he#e o#iginally begun. t 4oul$ be seve#e$ as to the ob%ecting $efen$ants an$ o#$e#e$ continue$ befo#e the cou#t of the app#op#iate p#ovince o# p#ovinces. hile 4e a#e of that opinion an$ so hol$ it can not affect the $ecision in the
case befo#e us fo# the #eason that the $efen$ants a#e not ob%ecting to the venue a n$ a#e not as5ing fo# a change the#eof. hey have not only e3p#essly submitte$ themselves to the %u#is$iction of the cou#t but a#e he#e as5ing that that %u#is$iction be maintaine$ against the effo#ts of the p laintiff to #emove it. 3isposition he %u$gment must be R8?8R8D an$ the case R8MA7D8D to the t#ial cou#t 4ith $i#ection to p#ocee$ 4ith the action acco#$ing to la4. Supportin" A%erican 2urisprudence (*
First National 7an! o$ Charlotte &s* 5or"an 8(+- U*S*9 (:(;<
he e3emption of national ban5s f#om suits in tate cou#ts in counties othe# than the county in 4hich the association 4as locate$ 4as a pe#sonal p#ivilege 4hich coul$ be 4aive$. his e3emption of national ban5ing associations f#om suits in tate cou#ts- (asi$e f#om p#incipal office) 4asp#esc#ibe$ fo# the convenience of those institutions. Bo4eve#- the $efen$ant $i$ notchoose to claim immunity f#om suit in that cou#t. t ma$e $efense upon the me#its- an$- having been unsuccessful- an$ in the latte# t#ibunal- fo# the fi#st time- claime$ the immunity g#ante$ to it by &ong#ess. -* E= parte Schollen1er"er 8>? U*S*9 +?>;< he Act of &ong#ess p#esc#ibing the place 4he#e a pe #son may be sue$ is not one affecting the gene#al %u#is$iction of the cou#ts. t is #athe# in the natu#e of a pe#sonal e3emption in favo# of a $efen$ant- an$ it is one 4hich he may 4aive. Be#ethe $efen$ant companies have p#ovi$e$ that they can be foun$ in a $ist#ict othe# than that in 4hich they #esi$e- if a pa#ticula# mo$e of p#ocee$ing is a$opte$- an$ they have been so foun$. +* St* Louis and San Francisco Railwa Co* &s* 5c7ride 8(:( U*S*9 (-,;< he #ight to insist upon suit only in the one $ist#ict is a pe#sonal p#ivilege 4hich he may 4aive- an$ he $oes 4aive it by plea$ing to the me#its. :* Chouteau &s* Allen 8,@ 5o*9 ->@;< hough the suit 4as b#ought in the county in 4hich the plaintiff #esi$e$- an$ se#vice ha$ upon the $efen$ant in the county of his #esi$ence- unless a plea in abatement to the %u#is$iction of the cou#t ove# the pe#son of the $efen$ant- 4as inte#pose$ in the fi#st instance- the ob%ection on the sco#e of lac5 of %u#is$iction coul$ not subseuently be successfully #aise$. t is not meant to convey the i$ea that the me#e failu#e to plea$ to the %u#is$iction of the cou#t 4oul$ have the effect to confe# %u#is$iction 4he#e none e3iste$ befo#e= fo# it is 4ell settle$ that even consent of pa#ties cannot confe# %u#is$iction. ut all ci#cuit cou#ts have a gene#al %u#is$iction ove# the fo#eclosu#e of mo#tgages. * 3e La 6e"a &s* ea"ue 8?: Te=as9 -@;< 8ve#y $ist#ict cou#t in the tate has cogni
Be 4ho by his o4n acts submits himself to the %u#is$iction of a cou#t shall not the#eafte# be pe#mitte$ to uestion such %u#is$iction. 8Bud"%ent o$ 3ece%1er +@9 (0>+9 -> Ci&* Bur*9 ?:*;
-* Acco#$ing to a#ticle ;0! (of the Cey $e 8n%uiciamiento &ivil) the plaintiff shall be p#esume$ to have tacitly submitte$ himself to the %u#is$iction of the cou#t by the me#e act of filing his complaint the#ein- an$ in the case of the $efen$ant 4he#e the latte# afte# appea#ing in the action ta5es any step the#ein othe# than to ob%ect to such %u#is$iction. 8Bud"%ent o$ Septe%1er -(9 (0,09 :@ Ci&* Bur*9 -+-*; ;.
n o#$e# that a tacit submission base$ upon the me#e act filing the complaint may be vali$ the cou#t must be one of o#$ina#y %u#is$iction as p#ovi$e$ in a#ticle 6 of the Cey $e 8b%uiciamiento &ivil. (>u$gment of August 2,- 60 &iv. >u#.- 6.)
Supportin" En"lish 2urisprudence (* The Earl o$ 4als1urs Laws o$ En"land 8&ol* (9 p* @;< he ol$ $istinction bet4een @local@ an$ @t#ansito#y@ actions- though of fa# less impo#tance than it 4as befo#e the passing of the %u$icatu#e acts- must still be bo#ne in min$ in connection 4ith actions #elating to lan$ situate outsi$e the local %u#is$iction of ou# cou#ts. @#ansito#y@ actions 4e#e those in 4hich the facts in issue bet4een the pa#ties ha$ no necessa#y connection 4ith a pa#ticula# locality- e.g.- cont#act- etc.= 4hilst local actions 4e#e those in 4hich the#e 4as such a connection- e.g.- $isputes as to the title to- o# t#espasses to- lan$. n the case of local actions the plaintiff 4as boun$ to lay the venue t#uly- i.e.- in the county (o#iginally in the actual hun$#e$) in 4hich the lan$ in uestion lay. n the case- ho4eve# of a t#ansito#y action- he might lay it 4he#eve# he please$sub%ect to the po4e# of the cou#t to alte# it in a p#ope# case. Cocal venues have no4 been abolishe$- an$- the#efo#e- so fa# as actions #elating to lan$ in 8nglan$ a#e conce#ne$- the $istinction may b e $is#ega#$e$. t is- ho4eve#- impo#tant f#om anothe# point of vie4- vi<- that of %u#is$iction as $istinct f#om p#oce$u#e. n the case of #eal actions #elating to lan$ in the colonies o# fo#eign count#ies the 8nglish cou#ts ha$- even befo#e the %u$icatu#e acts- no %u#is$iction= an$- the#efo#e- the #emoval by those acts of a $ifficulty of p#oce$u#e vi<- the #ule as to local venue 4hich might have stoo$ in the 4ay- if they ha$ an$ 4ishe$ to e3e#cise %u#is$iction- $i$ not in any 4ay confe# %u#is$iction in such cases.
he lac5 of %u#is$iction still e3ists- an$ ou# cou#ts #efuse to a$%u$icate upon claims of title to fo#eign lan$ in p#ocee$ings foun$e$ on an allege$ invasion of the p#op#ieta#y #ights attache$ the#eto- an$ to a4a#$ $amages foun$e$ on that a$%u$ication= in othe# 4o#$s- an action fo# t#espass to- o# fo# #ecove#y of- fo#eign lan$ can not be maintaine$ in 8nglan$- at any #ate if the $efen$ant chooses to put in issue the o4ne#ship of such lan$. E=istin" .h Burisprudence Not Applica1le (* Serrano &s* Chanco 8 .hil* Rep*9 :+(; he matte# befo#e the cou#t 4as the %u#is$iction of the &' ove# the actions an$ p#ocee$ings #elating to the settlement of the estates of $ecease$ pe#sons. he $ete#mination of that uestion #eui#e$ the consi$e#ation of section 02 of the co$e of &ivil 1#oce$u#e #athe# than section ;,,. he a#gument of the cou#t touching the last"name$ section- is inapplicable. -* 5olina &s* 3e la Ri&a 8? .hil* Rep*9 (-; he issue 4as *7 an ag#eement bet4een pa#ties to submit themselves to the %u#is$iction of a pa#ticula# cou#t to the e3clusion of the cou#t p#ovi$e$ by la4 as the app#op#iate cou#t in the p#emises coul$ be enfo#ce$. +* 5olina &s* 3e la Ri&a 8, .hil* Rep*9 +@-; he cou#t 4as not $iscussing o# $eci$ing the uestion *7 an a ction coul$ be maintaine$ in the &' Manila to fo#eclose a mo#tgage on #eal estate locate$ in Albay= but- #athe#- 4hethe# o# not an action coul$ be maintaine$ in the &' of the city of Manila to fo#eclose a mo#tgage on pe#sonal p#ope#ty locate$ in the 1#ovince of Albay. he #ema#5 of the cou#t that pe#haps the fo#me# action coul$ not be maintaine$ 4as not inten$e$ to be $ecisive an$ 4as not thought at the time to b e an in$ication of 4hat the $ecision of the cou#t might be if that p#ecise case 4e#e p#esente$ to it 4ith full a#gument an$ citation of autho#ities. :* Castano &s* Lo1in"ier 8> .hil* Rep*9 +(@; >u#is$iction of the &' to issue a 4#it of p#ohibition against a %ustice of the peace hol$ing his cou#t outsi$e the p#ovince in 4hich the &' 4as sitting at the time of issuing the 4#it. he $ete#mination of the uestion p#esente$ $iffe#ent consi$e#ations an$ $iffe#ent p#ovisions of la4 f#om those 4hich #ule the $ecision of the case at ba#. Special Laws Relatin" to The Conde%nation O$ Land 7 Railroad Co%panies (* Act No* (-09 SEC* +. heneve# a #ail#oa$ co#po#ation is autho#i
EF 8&. !!. >u#is$iction of &ou#ts of 'i#st nstance. he %u#is$iction of &ou#ts of 'i#st nstance shall be of t4o 5in$s: . *#iginal= an$ 2. Appellate. 8&. !. ts o#iginal %u#is$iction. &ou#ts of 'i#st nstance shall have o#iginal %u#is$iction: 2. n all civil actions 4hich involve the title to o# possession of #eal p#ope#ty- o# any inte#est the#ein- o# the legality of any ta3- impost- o# assessment- e3cept actions of fo#cible ent#y into- an$ $etaine# of lan$s o# buil$ings- o#iginal %u#is$iction of 4hich is by this Act confe##e$ upon cou#ts of %ustice of the peace. E2F 8&. ;,,. ?enue of actions. Actions to confi#m title to #eal estate- o# to secu#e a pa#tition of #eal estate- o# to cancel clou$s- o# #emove $oubts f#om the title to #eal estate- o# to obtain possession of #eal estate- o# to #ecove# $amages fo# in%u#ies to #eal estate- o# to establish any inte#est- #ight- o# title in o# to #eal estate- o# actions fo# the con$emnation of #eal estate fo# public use- shall be b#ought in the p#ovince 4e#e the lan$s- o# some pa#t the#eof- is situate$= actions against e3ecuto#s- a$minist#ato#s- an$ gua#$ians touching the pe#fo#mance of thei# official $uties- an$ actions fo# account an$ settlement by them- an$ actions fo# the $ist#ibution of the estates of $ecease$ pe#sons among the hei#s an$ $ist#ibutesan$ actions fo# the payment of legacies- shall be b#ought in the p#ovince in 4hich the 4ill 4as a$mitte$ to p#obate- o# lette#s of a$minist#ation 4e#e g#ante$- o# the gua#$ian 4as a ppointe$. An$ all actions not he#ein othe#4ise p#ovi$e$ fo# may be b#ought in any p#ovince 4he#e the $efen$ant o# any necessa#y pa#ty $efen$ant may #esi$e o# be foun$- o# in any p#ovince 4he#e the plaintiff- e3cept in cases 4e#e othe# special p#ovision is ma$e in this &o$e. n case neithe# the p laintiff no# the $efen$ant #esi$es 4ithin the 1hilippine slan$s an$ the action is b#ought to sei
