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SCIENC SCIENCES ES
APRIUDECEM APRIU DECEMBER BER1979
1.
Those papillae papillae of the tongue tongue which are the largest, largest, the the least numerous, numerous, have many taste
7.
is approximately
buds buds and are are associ associat ated ed with with the duct ductss of von Ebner' Ebner'ss gland glandss are are
1.
"
3. 4.
2.
3.
fo!iate. filiform., fungiform: circumvallate.
1. 2. 3. 4.
8.
bone. dentin. enamel. cartilage.
Maturation Maturation of of enamel enamel is characteri: characteri:red red by a
Cytoplasmic Cytoplasmic ribonucleic ribonucleic acid is localized in
a percen!age
1. granular endoplasmic reticulum. 2. the Gol gi apparatus. 3. mitochondria. 4. Iysosomes.
1. 2. 3. 4.
increa increase se in water. water.
decrease in water and organic con tent. a!e in .:>rganic decrease in water and inert' a!e
con tent. increa increase se in water water and decr~ase decr~ase in organi organicc con tent.
The thoracic duct extends from the upp~,"
9.
through through the mandibula mandibularr notch to enter enter the muscle on its medial surface. 2. superi superior or to the zygoma zygomatic tic arch to en ter the muscle on its lateral surface. 3. posterior posterior to the temporomandibula temporomandibularr joint. 4. deep to the medial pterygoid muscle.
subclav subclavian ian veins. veins.
The pillars of the fauces are formed by mucosa and the underlying
1. 2.
10.
palatog palatoglos lossus sus and stylog styloglos lossus sus ;nuscle ;nuscles. s. palatoglossus palatoglossus and stylophary stylopharyngeus ngeus , muscles. muscles.
3. 4.
The The nerve nerve to the masse massete terr passes passes
1.
1. subclavian subclavian artery. artery. 2. superio superiorr vena cava. cava. 3. junction of external external and internal jugular veins. 4. junction of internal jugular and
5.
of normal cementum
that that of
percentageincreasein inorganic cGn~(':ntand
part part of the the abdom abdomen en to the the base base of the the neck neck where where it ends ends in the
4.
The degree degree of mineraliz mineralization ation
The principal principal fibrous fibrous elemen elemen ts of the periodontall periodontalligame igamentin ntin adults consist consist chiefly of
1. elastic fibers. 2. coJlagen coJlagen fibers. 3. reticular reticular fibers. fibers. 4. a mixture mixture of elastic elasticandcollagenfibers; 5. a mixture mixture of elastic and reticular fibers;
palatoglossus palatoglossus and palatopharyng palatopharyngeus eus muscles. None None of the the above above
The lesser lesser omentu omentum m is a
1.
2. 3.
peritoneal peritoneal fold connecti connecting ng the lesser curvature curvature of the stomach stomach and the first part of the duodenum to the liver. part of the peritoneal cavity separated from the greater sac. layer of retroperito retroperitoneal neal fat around around the
11.
Incremental lines of Retzius appear
1. as lines in the enamel running at right angles angles to the enamel surface. surface.
. ..
13.
The
vertical vertical dimension dimension of the thoracic thoracic cavity cavity is increa increased sed chiefl chiefly y by contr contract action ion of the
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
14.
19.
1. hyaline cartilage. 2. elastic cartilage. 3. vascular vascular fibrous fibrous tissue. 4. fibrous or fibrocartilag fibrocartilaginous inous tissue. tissue.
. diaphragm. quadratus quadratus lumborum lumborum muscles. muscles. external external intercostal intercostal muscles. serratus posterior inferior muscles. transversus thoracis (sternocostalis) muscle.
20. The thyroi thyroid d gland gland is charac character terize ized d that that it
1. 2. 3. 4.
by the fact
The post posteri erior or lobe lobe of the hypophys hypophysis is (pitui (pituitar tary y gland) gland) develops develops from from
1. 2. 3. 4.
16.
2. 3. 4. 5.
a smaller caliber. an indistinct endothelial lining. a more prominent prominent tunica medica. medica. a more prominent prominent tunica adventitia. adventitia.
The comm common on hepati hepaticc artery artery is a bran branch ch of the
1. 2. 3. 4.
18.
1.
diencephalon. mesenchyme. choroid plexus. rhombencephalon.
celiac artery. gastric artery. splenic artery. artery. superior superior mesenteric mesenteric artery.
The transve transverse rse diameter diameter of the pleura pleurall cavity cavity
22.
tensor tensor tympani. tympani. tensor tensor veli palatini palatini.. levator levator veli palatini. palatini. superior superior pharyngeal pharyngeal constricto constrictor. r.
A small small bronch bronchus us differ differss from a bronchiole bronchiole by possessing
A feature feature which characterizes characterizes a vein, compared compared with with its compani companion on artery, artery, is that that the vein vein has 1. 2. 3. 4.
17.
The The muscl musclee whos whosee tend tendon on loop loopss arou around nd the the pteryg pterygoid oid hamulu hamuluss is the 1. 2. 3. 4.
becomes becomes enlarged enlarged when it is overactive overactive.. becom becomes es small smaller er after after the parathyr parathyroid oid glands glands are removed. removed. functions functions as the the controller controller of general body metabolism metabolism.. causes causes a decre decrease ase in body body weight weight when when the person person has simp simple le goitcr.
21. 15.
The articulating articulating surfaces surfaces of the temporomandibular joint are covered by
stratified stratified squamous squamous epithelium epithelium and rings or piates of carti! age.
-
stratified stratified squamous squamous epithelium epithelium and no rings or plates of cartilage. stratified stratified columnar epithelium epithelium Oil1d rings or plates of cartilage. pseudostratifi pseudostratified ed columnar columnar epithelium and no rings or piates of cartilage. pseudostratifi pseudostratified ed columnar columnar epithelium epithelium and rings or plates of cartilage.
. The stim stimulu uluss that initia initiates tes actual actual form formati ation on of enamel matrix seems to be the
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
presence of predentin. reduction of the stella stellate te reticu reticulum lum.. revers reversal al of funct function ional al polari polarity ty of the ameloblast. inftuence inftuence of increa increased sed vascul vasculari arizat zation ion in the dental dental sac. sac. disappearance of the cell.fre cell.freee zone zone of the den tal papilla. papilla.
- -
24.
A periap periapical ical abscess abscess of a mandibul mandibular ar first premol premolar ar that that drains drains lingual lingually ly would would drain drain into
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
29.
stroma. corpora corpora lutea. lutea. mature foil foil ides. ides. corpora albicans. 5~ growing follicles.
the paraphar parapharynge yngeal al space. space. the retrophar retropharynge yngeal al space. space. a spac spacee inferi inferior or to the myloh mylohyoi yoid d muscle muscle.. a space space superi superior or to the mylohy mylohyoid oid muscle. none I)f the above. above.
The foramen foramen ovale ovale is an embryolog embryological ical opening opening between between
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
26.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Revers Reversal al tines tines which which may be seen on the cribri cribrifor form m plate plate (alveo (alveolar lar bone bone prope proper) r) of the alveol alveolar ar process process indic indicate ate the cessat cessatio ion n of
1. 2. 3. 4.
right right and left atria. atria. right and left ventricle ventricles. s. right right atrium and right ventricle ventricle.. umbilica umbilicall vein and and inferior inferior vena cava. cava. pulmo pulmonar nary y artery artery and arch arch of the aorta. aorta.
True True dentic denticles les are char charact acteri erized zed by
in the the ovary is
1. 2. 3. 4.
30. 25.
Proges Progester teron onee produc productio tion n primarily primarily by
31.
having having irregular irregular shapes. shapes. containi containing ng dentinal dentinal tubules. tubules... being being located located in the coronal coronal pulp. pulp. being being larger than false pulp stones. stones.
osteoblastic. osteoblastic. activity. osteocla osteoclastic stic activity activity.. myeloid activity. healing activity-
The majo majorit rity y of the muscle muscless of the larynx larynx receiv receivee their their innerv innervati ation on from from the the
1. 2. 3. 4.
cervical plexus. laryngeal plexus. superior superior laryngea laryngeall nerve. nerve. inferior inferior laryngeal laryngeal nerve. nerve.
" 27.
The sternal angle angle is used in locating locating precisel precisely y the
1. 2. 3. 4.
clavicle. first rib. second rib. xiphoid process.
32.
The basic basic framew framework ork or stroma stroma of ai/lymphoid tissue tissuess excep exceptt thymu thymuss consis consists ts of
1. reticular reticular fibers fibers primarily primarily and a lesser amount of collagen fibers.
2. a combinati combination on of epithelioi epithelioid d cells and and reticular fibers.
3. a combinati combination on of smooth muscle muscle and 4. 28.
The pregangli preganglionic onic cell bodies bodies of the parasymp parasympathe athetic tic portion portion of the the autonomi autonomicc nervo nervous us system system are situat situated ed in
1.
the anterolateral horn of the grey
5.
reticular fibers. some smooth smooth muscle muscle and and trabeculae trabeculae of collagen collagen fibers. fibers. collagen collagen fibers fibers primarily primarily and some elastic fibers.
".
. ~
34.
Lips are derived derived embryologica embryologically lly from
1. 2. 3. 4.
35.
40.
1. dissol dissolut ution ion withou withoutt contri contribu butio tion n
maxillary maxillary and mandibular mandibular processes processes only. maxillary, maxillary, mandibular mandibular and medial nasal processes only. maxillary, mandibular and lateral nasal processes only. maxillary, mandibular, lateral nasal and and medial nasal processes.
The normal normal percentage percentage of neutrophilic neutrophilic leukocytes leukocytes in a differ differentia entiall blood count is approximately
The parasympat parasympatheti heticc fibers fibers to the pterygopal pterygopalatine atine ganglion ganglion come from the
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
37.
3. 4.
41.
1. 2. 3. 4.
38.
1. 2. 3. 4.
42.
43.
actin. myosin. Cohnheim's fields. an intercala intercalated ted disk.
.
firs firstt and and seco second nd only. only. firs first, t, seco second nd and and thir third. d. seco second nd and and third third only. only. second, second, third and fourth. fourth. thir third d and and fou fourt rth h only only..
The communi communicatio cation n between between the infratemp infratemporal oral fossa and the pterygopal pterygopalatine atine fossa is the 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
44.
desmosomes. hemidesmosomes. a plasma membrane. minute minute smooth fibrils. fibrils. a 1,000 A (100 nm.) thick pellicle.
The branchial branchial arches concerned concerned in development development of the tongue are 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
secretory secretory to the parotid parotid gland. gland. motor to the masseter muscle muscle.. afferent afferent from the carotid carotid body. sensory to the lining of the tympanic cavity.
In normal light microsco microscopy py of striated muscle, muscle, the dark portion portion of the striation striation is caused by the presence of
Cellsof the epithelial epithelial cuff attach attach to enamel enamel or cement cementum um by means of
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
maxillary nerve. mandibular nerve. deep petrosal nerve. nerve. glossopharyngeal nerve. greater petrosal nerve.
The auriculotemporal nerve carries some fibers which are
to any any definiti definitive ve structure structure.. dissol dissolut ution ion with with minor minor contrib contributi ution on to ossification. an activ activee role role in ossific ossificati ation on of the mandibul mandibular ar body. body. an activ activee role role in ossif ossific icati ation on of the alveolar process.
2.
1. 0.5-1 per cent. 2. 2-5 per cent. 3. 8-15 per cent. 4. 20-25 per cent. 5. 60-70 pcr cent.
36.
The fate of Meckel's cartilage is believed to be
pharyngeal canal. pterygopal pterygopalatin atinee canal. canal. sphenopala sphenopalatine tine foramen. foramen. pterygomaxillary fissure. pterygomaxillary foramen.
The princi principal pal types types of nerve nervess in the the dental dental pulp pulp are
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
parasympath etic and afferent fibers. sympathet sympathetic ic and afferent fibers. parasympat parasympathetic hetic fibers fibers only. sympathet sympathetic ic fibers fibers only. afferent afferent fibers fibers only.
.°9
t: ~
~i ,~
46.
The papillary layer of the dermis differs from the reticular 1aycr in that the papillary layer 1.
2. 3. 4.
contains larger blood vessels than the reticular layer. has a few elastic fibers, whereas the reticular layer has no elastic fibers. is composed of coarse collagenous fibers, whereas the reticular layer is composed of predominately fine collagenous fibers. is more finely constructed, whereas the reticular layer con rains coarser collagenous fibers as a component.
51.
The retromandibular vein is formed by the junction of the maxillary vein and the
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
52.
facial vein. middle temporal vein. transverse facial vein. posterior auricular vein. superficial temporal vein.
In the human fetus, developing blood cells are found in
1. liver, pancreas and lymph nodes. 2. red bone marrow, liver, spleen and 47.
The organelle that binds and releases calcium during relaxation and con traction of skeletal muscle is a
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
48.
nucleus. lysosome. mitochondrion. transverse tubule. sarcoplasmic reticulum.
The temporomandibular
1.
2. 3. 4.
49.
3. 4.
on the lateral surface of the temporomandibular joint. on the anterior surface of the temporomandibular joint. covering the entire posterior aspect of the temporomandibular joint. connecting the mandibular condyle to the zygomatic bone.
serous glands only.
In the post-eruptive phase, a tooth undergoes primarily 1. 2. 3. 4.
ligamen t is found
The submucosa of the anterolateral area of the hard palate is characterized by 1.
53.
54.
lymph nodes. red bone marrow, liver, spleen and lungs. submucosa of the small intestine and lymph nodes.
movements in an-occlusal direction. movements in an apical direction. movements in a distal direction. rotational movements.
The first 'formed portion of the dentin is
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
tircumpulpal dentin. intertubular dentin. transparent dentin. reparative den tin. mantle dentin.
. ..
57.
The cells of the sulcular epithelium are joined by
1. 2. 3. 4.
63.
Salivary glands receive innervation
(a)
desmosomes. tonofibrils. terminal webs. hemidesmosomes.
(b)
(c)
58.
The cellular organelles which may be characterized as being numerous during mitosis and serving as the cytoskeleton when present in intermitotic cells are
1. 2. 3. 4.
(d)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
the Golgiapparatus. microtubules. mitochondria. nucleoli. 64.
59.
60.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
61.
a) b) ! c) (d)
stereocilia. the ciliary border. the striated border. the cuticular border. none of the above.
The palatine shelf is a medial extension of the
(a) and (b) only (a), (b) and (d) (a) and (c) (b), (c) and (d) (c) and (d) only
Cernen turn replaces resorbed
Epithelial cells of the small intestine show surface modification known as
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
65.
by way of general visceral efferent nerve fibers from the salivatory nuclei. by way of general visceral efferent nerve fibers from the lateral horns of the spinal cord. from preganglionic cells located in the midbrain. from the vagus nerve.
bone. dentin. enamel. cemen turn.
(a) and (b) (a) and (c) (b) and (c) (b) and (d) (c) and (d)
Mucus-secretingcells are found in the
lateral nasal process. medial nasal process. intermaxillary process. mandibular process. maxillary process.
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
parotid gland. submandibular gland. mucosa of the trachea. mucosa of the ureter. glands of the esophagus.
1. 2. 3.
(a) and (c) (a) and (e) (b), (c) and (d) 4. . (b), (c) and (e) 5. (b) and (d) only
From an anatomic standpoint, an emergency airway may be establ ished most readi!y by an opening into the trachea
1. 2. 3.
at the level of the jugular notch. through the thyrohyoid membrane. through the median cricothyroid
66.
Muscles forming a mediolateral sling around the angle of the mandible include the
..
67.
The fate of the epithelial rests of Malassez is that they may
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
70.
Which of the following are correct with respect to pancreatic islets? (a)
undergo calcification. form into cementicles. become fibrous. form cartilaginous nodules.
(b) (c)
(a) and (b) only (a), (b) and (c) (b) and (c) only (b), (c) and (d) (c) and (d) only
(d)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
68.
A sinusoidal arrangement of blood vessels is found in the
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1. 2. 3. 4.
71.
kidney.'
(a)
' .'"
liver.
(b)
(a) and (b) only (a), (b) and (d) (a) and (c) (b), (c) and (d)
(c) (d) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
72. 69.
(a) and (b) (a) and (c) (a) and (d) (b) and (c) (b) and ~d) (c) and (d)
What is the usual sequence of even ts in the histogenesis of a tooth?
hypophysis (pituitary). spleen.
Which of the following statements apply to DNA?
(a) (b)
It is found as a component of the nucleoli. It can be distinguished from RNA
Islets develop with duct systems' which retrogress. The products of beta cells function by reducing blood sugar level. The products of alpha cells function by raising blood sugar level. Intrinsic stroma of islets is a network of reticular fibers, but the surrounding capsule consists of collagen fibers.
a, b, c,d, c, d, d.,a, d,c,
Deposi tion of the enamel Deposition of the dentin Elongation of the epithelial cells Differentiation of
first layer of first layer of inner dental odontoblasts
c, d a, b b, a b, c b, a
Special visceral afferent fibers for taste are conveyed in which of the following cranial nerves?
1. 2. 3. 4.
V, VII and IX VII, IX and X VII, IX and XII XII only
. .
74.
Where does the submandibular the oral cavi ty?
1. 2. 3. 4.
75.
The middle nasal concha is part of what bone?
The jugular foramen transmits which cranial nerves? ..
1. 2. 3. 4.
78.
81.
82.
5.
Fibroblast Odontoblast Nerve cell Epithelial cell Smooth muscle cell
lymphatic vessels drain the teeth of the maxilla directly into which of the following nodes?
1. Buccal 2. Submental 3. Infraorbital 4. Submandibular
83.
VII, IX and XII IX, X and XI IX, XI and XII X, XI and XII
Cell that forms bone Cell of the endosteum Multinucleated giant cell Osteoblast which has become surrounded by a bony matrix Cellof the periphery of bone which forms from the fibroblasts of the periosteum
Maxillary nerve Zygomatic nerve lacrimal artery Maxillary artery
Which of the following cells is most capable of mitotic division in the adult?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Of the structures seen on the apical end of a partially erupted central incisor, which of the following was formed first?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Which of the following best describes an osteoclast?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Which of the following structures passes through the foramen rotundum?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Mitochondrion Centriole
1. Nasal 2. Vomer 3. Ethmoid 4. Palatine 5. Sphenoid
77.
80.
At the sublingual caruncle (papilla) At the mandibular second molar At the maxillary second molar On th~ plica fimbriata
Which of the following organelles is the site of protein synthesis?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
76.
duct open into
84.
Primary cuticle Secondary cuticle Stellate reticulum Stratum intermedium Inner dental epithelium
Which of the following is characteristic of heart muscle?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Nodes of Ranvier Rod-shaped nuclei Spindle-shaped fibers Centrally-placed nuclei
--,
f'
.... 86.
Movement of the head about its vertical axis (rotation to righ t or left) occurs at which of the following joints?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
87.
1. 2.
Atlan toaxial Atlanto-occipital Spheno-ocd pital Third to the seventh cervical vertebrae All of the above
3. 4.
Stratum Stratum Stratum Stratum
corneum lucidum granulosum germinativum
93.
2. 3. 4.
Keratinization of epithelium Thickness of epithelium Presence of glands Presence of fat
94.
lingual nerve. lingual artery. inferior alveolar nerve. inferior alveolar artery.
Mandibular (first) part Pterygoid (second) part Pterygopalatine (third) part None of the above
95. In which of the following may the lamina propria attach directly to bone without an interveningsubmucosa? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Apical Oblique 'Transseptal Free gingival AIveolar cres t
Each of the following structures is found in the space between the medial pterygoid muscle and the ramus of the mandible EXCEPT the
1. 2. 3. 4.
The muscles of mastication receive their major blood supply from branches of whkh part of the maxillary artery?
1. 2. 3. 4.
90.
One layer of charged (polar) lipids One layer of protein on the inside and one layer of neutral lipids on the outside One layer of protein on either side of a layer of neutral lipids One layer of charged (polar) lipids on either side of a layer of neutral lipids
Which principal fiber group of the periodontal ligament runs from cementum to cementum?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Which of the following is the most outstanding difference between the gingiva and the mucosa of the hard palate?
,.
89.
Which of the following best describes cell membranes?
Which layer of the skin forms the epithelial root sheaths of the hair follicle?
1. 2. 3. 4.
88.
92.
Hard palate Soft pala te Gingiva All of the above Only (1) and (3) above
Each of the following structures is derived from ectoderm EXCEPT
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
hair. enamel. dentin. sweat gland. sa!ivary gland.
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97.
Abdominal organs supplied by the three unpaired branches of the aorta include all of the following EXCEPT the
l. 2. 3. 4. 5.
spleen. stomach. pancreas. vermiform appendix. suprarenal (adrenal).
98.
The smooth muscle cell shows no striations has no myofilaments in its cytoplasm. because it
l.
Both statement and reason are correct and related. 2. Both statement and reason are correct but NOT related. 3. The statemen t is correct but the reason is NOT. 4. The statement is NOT correct but the reason is an accurate statement. 5. NEJ THER statement nor reason is correct.
..,.
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NATIONAL
BOARD
ANATOMIC
DENTAL
EXAMINATION
ANSWER
KEY
-
SCIENCES
PART
APRIL/DECEMBER
;i Ii " ji rI ,.
I
1979
-
MS.
No.
Ans.
No.
MS.
No.
-
Ans.
4 1
26. 27.
2 3
51. 52.
5 2
76.
77.
3 2
3. 4. 5.
4
28.
3
53.
1
78.
3
3 1
29. 30.
2 2
54. 55.
5 2
79. 80.
2 1
6. 7. 8. 9.
31. 32. 33. 34. ,35.
4 1 5 2 5
56. 57. 58. 59.
1 1 2 3
81. 82. 83. 84.
4 4 5 4
10.
4 1 2 1 1
.' 60.
5
85.
1
11. 12. .13.
3 3 1
36. 37. 38.
5 1 2
61. 62. 63.
3 4 1
86. 87. 88.
1 4 3
14. 15.
3 1
39. 40.
1 2
64. 65.
4 4
89. 90.
2
16. 17. 18.
4 1 3
41. 42. 43.
2 2 4
66. 67. 68.
2 1 2
91. 92. 93.
5 4 3
4 2
44. 45.
2 4
69. 70.
4 4
94. 95.
2 3
5 1 3 4
46. 47. 48. 49.
4 5 1 4
71. 72. 73. 74.
3 2 3 1
96. 97. 98.
1 5 3
-
No.
1. 2.
19.
20.
21.
22. 23. 24
-
.
-
iI
I i
I.
5
I. i !
i
I ! i
i
. i
.
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BlOCHEMISTRY-PHYSIOLOGY .
.
1.
Iodine is primarily important in the biochemical synthesis of
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
2.
6.
ACTH. thyroxin. adrenalin. calcitonin. parathyroid hormone.
Administration of heparin to a human results in symptoms similar to vitamin K deficiency in that both conditions result in
1. 2. 3. 4.
The vitamin that promotes the syn thesis of prothrombin by the liver is
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
carotene. vitamin C. vitamin K. folic acid. vitamin B12.
7.
The greatest part of CO2 carried in the blood is carried in the form of
,.
3.
2. 3. 4.
The most generally accepted mechanism of fluoride action in reducing dental decay is the result of
1. an increase in the hardness of the tooth. 2. an increase in rcmineralization of enamel. 3. a decrease in exchange of ions between 4. 5.
8.
body fluids and the hard tissues. a reduction of solubility of the enamel as the fluoride content increases. a decrease in carbohydrate metabol ism in the oral cavity as a result of enzyme inhibition.
release of lipoprotein lipase to the blood and rapid clearance of chylomicrons. an increase in bleeding time due to lack of thrombin formation. retardation of fibrinogen synthesis by the liver. elevated non-esterified fatty acids which chelate serum calcium, thus retarding blood clotting.
simple solution in the blood plasma. carbamino compound with hemoglobin. bicarbonate. carbonic acid.
The generation of the spike or action potential is attribu ted to 1.
a rapid but brief increase in Na+ conductance.
2.
a rapid but brief increase in K +
3. 4.
conductance. a rapid but brief decrease in CI- shift. equal but opposite movements of K+
and Na+.
4.
.
Earaches may develop as a resuf t of bloc kage of the eustachian tUbe because
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
the ossiclescan no longer vibratc. fluid in the middle ear cannot escape. pressure on the round window distorts the basement membrane. pressure in the middle ear is not equalized with atmospheric pressure. blockage of the eustachian tube usually means the presence of an infection in the middle ear.
9.
In severe diabetic acidosis, one would expect an increase in plasma
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
carbonic acid. keto acids. cations. chloride. sodium.
~
11.
17.
Edema may be caused by
1. constriction of arterioles. . 2. increased permeability of capillaries. 3. reduced blood pressure in the capillaries. 4. a tissue oncotic pressure that is lower
1. urea. 2. chloride. 3. bicarbonate ion. 4. carbohydrate.
than that of the plasma.
12.
Fasting for three hours leads to
1. 2. 3. 4. 13.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 14.
water.mineral
incorporation
2. 3. 4.
4.
into bone
5. ratio.
age of the individual. rate of bone remodeling or turnover. amount of ionizable fluoride in the diet. All of the above
19.
.
an increase in serum calcium and a normal serum phosphate. a normal serum calcium and an increase in serum phosphate.
4. 5.
low PO2 of pulmonary artery blood. increased total alveolar surface area. increased blood flow through alveolar capillaries. all of the above. none of the above.
catalysts of the tissue
combines irreversibly with hemoglobin forming methemoglobin.
Hypoactiviry of the posterior pituitary gland
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
an increase in serum calcium and a decrease in serum phosphate. a decrease in serum calcium and an
increasein serum phosphate.
binding sites. poisons oxidative cells.
leads to
20.
21.
dwarfism. cretinism. acromegaly. diabetes mellitus. diabetes insipidus.
The first heart sound relates to
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Oxygen removal from the alveoli of the lung may be facilitated by
1. 2. 3.
Toxic effects of carbon monoxide are best explained by the fact that carbon monoxide
1. depresses the rate of respiration. 2. preven ts dissociation of oxyhemoglobin. 3. competes with O2 for hemoglobin
In a parathyroid deficiency state, there is
1.
15.
18.
increased storage fat. decreased liver glycogen. elevated blood sugar level. suppression of gluconeogenesis.
The rate of fluoride depends upon the
Carbonic anhydrase in the kidney tubular cells is known to be associated with the reabsorption of
closure of the A-V valves. opening of the A.V valves. excitation of the auricles. closure of the aortic valve. opening of the aortic valve.
Removal of a molecule of water between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of a second amino acid results in formation of a
1. 2. 3.
zwitterion. polypeptide. peptide bond.
23.
The hemodynamics
of flow in the tooth pulp are most likely analogous to those in the
29.
1. the stimulus is more than normally
1. heart. 2. lungs. 3. cranium. 4. liver. 5. gut. 24.
Muscle glycogen does not yield blood glucose directly but liver glycogen does because
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
25.
hexokinase is not present in liver. muscle cells are impermeable to glucose. muscle does not contain phosphoglucomutase. muscle glycogen differs in structure from liver glycogen. glucose-6-phosphatase is not present in muscle.
26.
2. 3. '4.
30.
31.
32.
27.
carbohydrate. calcium. protein. Iron.
lipotropic
substance
is
Transcription is the ce1lularprocess of making
4. 33.
34.
RNA. none of the above.
Immediately following the closure of the A-Vvalves is the period of
1. 2. 3. 4.
An important nutrient present in low concentration in milk is
1. 2. 3. 4.
An important
of spinal reflexes. of autonomic activity. of voluntary movement. the intemal environment
1. new DNA. 2. RNA from DNA. 3. proteins from amino acids by way of
1. creatinine. 2. :l substance fittered and secreted. 3. a substance filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted. none of the above.
coordination coordination coordination regulation of of the body.
isotonic contraction. isometric con traction. isometric relaxation. isotonic relaxation.
A component
of the coenzyme
i~:;;~,:t ,:~~~- ~ ~~~}f -->'" .',:-O" -\ >-., <
1. choline. 2. tyrosine. 3. hemoglobin. 4. oxaloacetic acid. 5. J3-hydroxybutyric.acid.
Glomerular filtration rate may be measured by
4.
effective. the threshold is lowered. the muscle is relaxea. no Himulus is effective.
The primary function of the cerebellum is
l. 2. 3. 4.
A 0.85 per cent solution of sodium chloride is isotonic with respect to blood. This solution would also be
1. isosmotic. 2. hyposmotic. 3. hyperosmotic. 4. none of the above.
The absolute refractory period of skeletal muscle is an interval during which.
required in a
--
36.
1. 2. 3. 4. -. 5.
37.
2. 3.
4.
39.
42.
sucrose. glycerol. amino -acids. fatty acids. nucleic acids.
directly proportional to the alveolar volume. directly proportional to the functional diffusion surface area. indirectly proportional to the alveolar oxygen tension. indirectly proportional to the oxygen tension gradient across the diffusion membrane.
43.
1. 2.
3. 4.
3.
4.
during secretion, there is vasodilation
within the gland.
the liver. the kidney. the ad renal. the pancreas. adipose tissue.
The main function
1. 2.
The belief that the secretion of salivais an active process is supported by the observation that
ferritin. transferrin. hemosiderin. apotransferrin. ceruloplasmin.
In humans, the site for production of ketone bodies in blood appears to be
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
44.
during systole. during diastole. during rapid ventricular ejection. during isovolumetric contraction. between first and se'ond heart sounds.
After being absorbed from the intestine, iron is carried through the blood in the form of 1. 2. 3.4. 5.
The rate of diffusion of oxygen across the alveolar-capillary membrane is
1.
The largest volume flow of blood through the left coronary artery occurs
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
the adrenal cortex. a pregangl ionic sympathetic nerve. a postganglionic sympathetic nerve. a pregangl ionic parasympathetic nerve. a postganglionic parasympathetic nerve.
Sodium taurocholate and glycocholate are necessary for the absorption of
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
38.
41.
In terms of its origin and its function, the adrenal medulla is comparable to
of plasma globulins is to
maintain colloid osmotic pressure. provide the body with both natural and acquired immunity. act as a framework on which clot formation may occur. None of the above
'
during secretion, blood flow through the gland is increased. during secretion, blood flow through the gland is decreased. secretion stops if the pressure within the
45.
Duringexercise,muscletissueaccumulates lactic acid. As a result, erythrocytes passing through capillaries in the muscle
I
47.
Section of the pyramidal tracts produces
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
52.
hypertonia. sympathetic hyperactivity. parasympathetic hyperactivity. loss of fine voluntary movements. complete loss of temperature regulation.
1. 2. 3. 4.
53. 48.
.
The most biologically important physicochemical property of connective tissue which is regulated by its mucopolysaccharide molecules is
1. 2. 3. 4.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5.
tidal volume. minute volume. rate of respiration. alveolar ventilation. a careful measurement
2. 3.
4.
predominance of vagal over sympathetic innervation in determining heart rate. predominance of sympathetic over vagal innervation in determining heart ratc. that effects of the vagiand the sympathetics on heart rate are equal and opposite. none of the above.
A suhstance that alters the rate of an enzymatic reaction by interacting with the enzyme at a site other than the active site is
1. 2. 3. 4.
55.
an allosteric modifier. a competitive inhibitor. a non-competi tive inhibitor. none of the above.
Homogentisic acid accumulates in the urine in
1. ketonuria. 2. cystinuria. 3. alkaptonuria. 4. phenyl ketonuria. 56.
Saltatory conduction depends largely upon the
1. 2. 3. 4.
viscosity. buffering capacity. solubility in dilute acids. supersaturation with calcium ions.
of the dead space.
The effect on basal heart rate of cutting successively the vagus and the sympathetic nerves in an animal reveals
1.
50.
an increased PQ interval. an increase in the height of the R wave. an increase in the height()f th.e QRS complex. .. .. the P wave and the QRS complex arc dissociated.
The best criterion for the effectiveness of breathing is
54.
49.
In third degree heart block, the electrocardiograph shows
An enzyme that is activated by epinephrine is
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
presence of Golgi bodies in the soma. internal concentration of sodium. presence of nodes of Ranvier. presence of Schwann cells.
57.
hexokinase. glucokinase. adenyl cyclase. phosphofructokinase. none of the above.
Cye!ic 3', 5 '-AMPincreases the rate of
..
I l
58.
A proportionate increase in resistance of afferent and efferent arterioles of the kidney would result in a decrease in 1. 2. 3. 4.
59.
both filtration fraction and glomerular fiItra tion rate. renal blood flow with no change in glomerular filtration rate. glomerular filtratiol1 rate with no change in renal blood flow. urine ou tput.
63.
64.
2. 3.
4.
61.
tryptophan.
The main factors directly involved in the maintenance of systemic arterial blood pressure are
2. 3. 4.
acetylcholine has little direct effect on contractilit~, of heart muscle. there are few vagalendings distributed to the mammalian ventricles. acetylcholine is not liberated in effective amounts at vagalendings in the mammalian ventrides. sympathetic effects cancel those of the vagus.
65.
66.
about the same as that
of
parotid and pancreatic transplants. the fragment of the parotid only. the fragment of the pancreas only. neither fragment.
plasma.
greater than that of the filtrate in the descending portion of the loop of Henle.
67.
The products of hydrolysis of lecithin are 1.
62.
protein/proteinate. acetic acid/acetate. carbonic acid/bicarbonate. phosphoric acid/phosphate. hydroxybutyric acid/hydroxybutyrate.
Pieces of dog parotid gland and of pancreas are transplanted under the skin of the donor animal. After re-establishment of a circulation, ingestion of food will result in secretion from
1. 2. 3. 4.
greater than that of plasma. much less than that of plasma.
cardiac outpu t, blood volume, peripheral resistance and respiratory rate. cardiac output, blood volume, blood viscosity and peripheral resistance. heart rate, ventricular filling, blood viscosity and peripheral resistance. plasma colloid osmotic pressure, capillary blood pressure, tis)ue hydrostatic pressure and tissue colloid osmotic pressure.
The buffer system most important in maintaining the physiological pH of plasma is
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
The osmotic pressure of the fiI trate at thc end of the proximal convoluted tubule is
1. 2. 3. 4.
wi.
cholinesterase. change in end-plate potential level to a critical value.
Vagal stimulation in the mammalian heart has primarily a rate effect because
1.
tyrosine. arginine. histidine. methionine.
1.
1. shift of Na ions out of the end-plate. 2. activation of muscle contractile proteins. 3. increased concentration of neuromuscular
60.
1. 2. 3. 4.
.:::
The depolarization of the skeletal muscle cell membran.eby motor nerves is directly produced by the
4.
Albinism iscaused by a deficiency of an enzyme involved in the metabolism of
Osteoblasts form the organic matrix of bone
2
glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid, serine. glycerol, f acids, phosphori acid,
.'
-
~ ;t;~~~;'
~
.
.
68.
If the anticodon
on transfer RNA is ACG, the codon on messenger RNA is 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
69.
70.
-
71.
parasympathetic nerve impulses. byproducts of metabolism. sympathetic nerve impulses. axon reflexes.
Coenzymes used in pyruvate dehydrogenase reactions are (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
L 2. 3. 4. 5.
thiamine pyrophosphate. pyridoxal phosphate. lipoic acid. biotin. NAD+
(a) and (b) only (a), (b) and (e) (a), (c) and (e) (b) and (d) (c) and (d)
positive inotropic activity. heterometric autoregulation. Starling's Law of the Heart. homeometric autoregulation.
no acidic amino acids. no basic amino acids. no neutral amino acids. more basic than acidic amino acids. more acidic than basic amino acids.
76.
A person injured in an automobile accident has lost two pints of blood and is now in shock. Which of the following are likely to occur? (a) (b) (c) (d)
The recommended
daily dietary allowances for Ca and P provide a Ca/P intake of approximately
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
73.
75.
insulin and calcitonin. glucagon and epinephrine. aldosterone and testosterone. parathyroid hormone and glucagon.
The amino acid composition of a protein having an isoelectric pH of 10 has
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
72.
CGA. UAG. UGc.
An injection of epinephrine into the left. yentricular wall causes an increase in cardiac output. This is an example of
1. 2. 3. 4.
Capillary diameter is directly influenced by
1. 2. 3. 4.
CGT. GCA.
Two hormones which act similarly to increase glycogen and lipid breakdown as well as cyclic AMPsynthesis are 1. 2. 3. 4.
74.
0.5. 1.0. 2.0. 3.0. 4.0.
Other factors being equal, one should expect
A decrease in glomerular filtration rate A decrease in the reabsorption of H2O in the distal convoluted tubule A decrease in-urine formation A
decrease
antidiuretic
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
(a) and (c) (a) and (d) (b) and (c) (b) and (d) (c) and (d)
in the release of an hormone
.
,.. ~
r~ ..
..' 78.
Which of the following functions of bone could be considered the most prominent?
84.
1. Buffering 2. Phosphate source 3. Sodium reservoir 4.. Fluoride reservoir. 5. Calcium reservoir
79.
A number of substances yield energy to the body when a phosphate group is transferred to a suitable acceptor. Which of the following compounds yields the most energy per mole? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
80.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
81.
82.
85.
86.
87.
Acetylcholine esterase Methyl trans ferase Monoamine oxidase Choline acetylase Adenyl cyclase
A B2 86 C Niacin
Cortisone Collagenase Chymotrypsin Hyaluronidase Ammonium phosphate
Wherein the cell does most protein synthesis occur?
1. In the nuc;leus 2. ,Within Iysosomes . 3. Within the mitochondria 4. On polyribosomes 5. In soluble cytoplasm
Whatchanges in the extracellular fluid compartment are caused by prolonged sweating? 1. 2. 3. 4.
To which of the following avitaminoses is the gingivamost susceptible?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Maltose Glycerol Phosphocreatine Acetoacetic acid Glucose-l-phosphate
Whichof the following is most likely to promote depolymerization of the ground substance? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Glutamic acid Citrulline Ornithine Glutamide Arginine
Which of the following enzymes is involved in the termination of neuromuscular transmission? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Creatine Pyruvic acid Glucose-l-phosphate Adenosine triphosphate Fructose-l,6-diphosphate
Which of the following is the direct precursor of urea?
In the metabolic conversion of glycogen to lactic acid, which of the following is an intermediate?
88.
A decrease in volume and an increase in
osmotic pressure
.
A decrease in volume and a decrease in osmotic pressure An increase in volume and an increase in osmotic pressure An increase in volume and a decrease in osmotic pressure
Which of the following statements concerning salivary gland function or its control is correct?
h
. .
89. Whichof the situations below characterizes
93.
the exchange of chloride and bicarbonate ion between the red cell and plasma in the lungs?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1. The passage of chloride ion into the cell
2.
3. 4.
from the plasma and the passage of bicarbonate ion from the cell into theplasma. The passage of chloride ion into the plasma from the cell and the passage of bicarbonate ion from the plasma into the cell The passage of chloride ion and bicarbonate ion into the cell from the plasma so that carbon dioxide can escape The passage of chloride ion and bicarbonate ion from the cell into the plasma
94.
5.
2. 3. 4. 5.
Urea formation following amino acid deamination NH4 + formation in the kidney Formation of ketone bodies Excretion of acidic urine Conversion of HbOz to Hb
97.
Rickets Prolonged vitamin A deficiency Prolonged vitamin D deficiency Fluoride intake of less than 0.2 ppm in the water Inadequate calcium intake for a prolonged period
Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue fIber?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Which of the following processes is most importan,t in preventing a decrease of more than 0.2 units in the pH of the blood when CO2 en ters?
l.
Whichof the following is considered to be the in producing enamel hypoplasia in developing teeth?
1. 2. 3. 4.
leucine Threonine Isoleucine Methionine Thiolhistidine
96.
91.
AIdosterone-.pep ti de--pancreas Glucagon--peptide--adrenal cortex Epinephrine--steroid-adrenal medulla ACTHupo/ypeptide--adrenal cortex Vasopressin--peptide--posterior pituitary
least important
Whichof the following amino acids is a thio-ether? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
5tretch reflex Withdrawal reflex Crossedextensor reflex Positive supporting reaction Labyrinthine righting re~lex
In which of the following combinations is the name of the hormone, its chemical type and its tissue of origin correctly matched?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
95.
90.
Which of the following reflexes is monosynaptic?
Chitin Elastin Collagen Reticulin
Whichof the following-digestive enzymes is NOT derived from an inactive zymogen precursor? 1. 2. 3. 4.
Pepsin Trypsin Amylase Chymotrypsin
>.
.... 99.
An enzyme which is found in the succus entericus bu tNO T in the pancreatic juice is
1. 2. 3. 4.
.
lipase. trypsin. chymotrypsin. enterokinase.
100. Proprioceptors are found in each of the following EXCEPT the, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
gingiva. skeletal muscles. pulp of the tooth. periodontal ligament. temporom~andibular joint.
. &
NATIONAL
BOARD
DENTAL EXAMINATION PART I ANSWER KEY
-
BIOCHEMISTRY-PHYSIOLOGY
-
APRIL/DECEMBER
-
1979
-
-
MS.
No.
Ans.
No.
Ans.
No.
Ans.
1.
2
26.
3
51.
1
76.
1
2.
3
27.
4
52.
4
77 -.
5
3.
4
28.
2
53.
1
78.
5
4.
4
29.
4
54.
1
79.
4
5.
1
30.
3
55.
3
80.
5
6.
2
31.
1
56.
3
81.
1
7.
3
32.
2
57.
1
82.
4
8.
1
33.
2
58.
2
83.
3
9.
2
34.
4
59.
4
84.
5
10.
4
35.
3
60.
2
85.
4
11.
2
36.
3
61.
3
86.
4
12.
2
37.
4
62.
2
87.
1
13.
5
38.
2
63.
1
88.
3
14.
2
39.
5
64.
2
89.
1
15.
4
40.
3
65.
3
90.
4
16.
2
41.
2
66.
3
91.
5
17.
3
42.
2
67.
2
92.
1
18.
3
43.
1
68.
5
93.
1
19.
5
44.
2
69.
2
94.
5
20.
1
45.
5
70.
1
95.
4
21.
3
46.
3
71.
4
96.
1
22.
3
47.
4
72.
2
97.
3
23.
3
48.
4
73.
4
98.
2
24.
5
49.
1
74
2
99.
4
-
No.
-
- -
A-PDF Merger DEMO : Purchase from www.A-PDF.com to remove the watermark /
PART I MI CROB10 LOGY-PATH0 LOGY
-1.
Dermatotropic
l. 2. 3. 4. 5.
2.
6.
viral diseases include
smallpox, chickenpox and measles. hepatitis, mumps and yellow fever. impetigo, scarlet fever and scabies. rabies, herpes and encephalomyelitis. influenza, common cold and primary atypical pneumonia.
l. 2. 3. 4.
7. The most common source of a pulmonary embolism is
l. 2. 3. 4. 5.
.
hemorrhoids. the mitral valve. the portal vein. the deep leg vein. a long bone fracture.
The ability of certain oral microorganisms to function as etiologic agents pf..dental caries appears to be correlated with the cap.acity of these organisms to produce
1.
2. 3. 4.
4.
proteolytic enzymes capable of hydrolyzing salivaryproteins. capsules which inhibit the activity of phagocytic cells present in saliva. carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme active in decreasing the CO2content of saliva. an extracellular polysaccharide dextran-like substance involvedin the formation of dental plaque.
An oral disease characterized by white patches on the buccal mucous membranes which consist largely of pseudomycelia with minimal erosion of the membranes is caused by
1. Candida albicans. 2. Treponema pallidum. 3. Entamoeba histolytica. 4. Sporothrichum schenckii.
9.
coagulase.. fibrinolysin. hyaluronidase.
Arthus reaction. autoimmune diseases. anaphylactic reactions. immediate hypersensitivity reactions.
Hypothyroidism in children results in
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
10.
antigen. toxemia.
Systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and thyroiditis are examples of 1. 2. 3. 4.
.
osteoblasts to develop. osteoid tissue to calcify. osteoid tissue to form. cartilage matrix to form.
The spreading factor produced by certain streptococci is
l. 2. 3. 4. 5.
8. 3.
In children, the bones become bowed in rickets because of failure of
myxedema. gigantism. cretinism. acromegaly. diabetes insipidus.
True bacteria multiply by 1. 2. 3. 4.
budding. sexual fusion.
binaryfission.
.
fragmentation of mycelia.
, 12.
Megaloblastic anemia may be related to
17.
1. iron deficiency. 2. folic acid deficiency. 3. vitamin K deficiency. 4. aminopyrine therapy.
13.
1. mostly aerobic bacteria. 2. essentially a pure culture. 3. bacteria not indigenous to the oral 4.
The greatest incidence of rubella associated with cardiac anomalies occurs when the infection is established
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
18. during the first trimester in utero. during the second trimester in utero. during the third trimester in utero. immediately post partem. None of the above
2. 3. 4. 5.
rupture of a congenital aneurysm of the circle of Willis. brain abscess from necrosis of the myocardium. detachment of a bacterial embolus from the pulmonic valve. detachment of a mural thrombus from the right ventricle. detachment of a mural thrombus from the left ventricle.
Amphotericin B is an antibiotic used particularly for treatment of disease caused by
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
fungi. protozoa. rickettsiae. staphylococci. acid-fast bacteria.
Plastic items requiring sterilization should be sterilized using dry heat. ethylene oxide. cationic detergen ts. 70 per cen t ethanol. 5. . autoclaving techniques.
20.
When malignant cells resemble more primitive, undifferentiated cells than those from which they arose, they are said to be 1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 21.
15.
cerebrovascular accident. sudden, severe chest pain. painless swellingof the leg. focus of radiolucency in a long bone.
1. 2. 3. '4.
Ten days after hospitalization for a large, incapacitating myocardial infarct, a 50-year-old man suddenly develops paralysis of the right side of his body. The best explanation for his brain damage is
1.
cavity. essentially the same organisms found in the healthy sulcus.
A berry aneurysm may result in 1. 2. 3. 4.
19.
14.
The bacterial population in the gingival sulcus or the pocket that influences the course of periodontal disease has been found to involve
anaplastic. metastatic. hypoplastic. metaplastic. desmoplastic.
A disease characterized by persistent painful vesiclesthat occur on the skin or a mucous surface along the distribution of a sensory nerve is
1. psoriasis. 2. herpes zoster. 3. recurrent herpes. 4. cat-scratch fever. 5. infectious mononucleosis.
23.
The most common type of epithelial metaplasia involves
1. 2. 3.
4.
24.
25.
2.
reacting with antibody. antibodies (lg£) attached to mast cells but no reaction with antigen. antigen attached to mast cells but no reaction with antibody. '
3.
4.
30.
leiomyoma. papilloma. rhabdomyoma. leiomyosarcoma. rhabdomyosarcoma.
Serologic and phage typing of pathogenic bacterial species are used to ',0
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
provide a basis for immunization. determine whether the agent is motile. permit application of specific therapy. establish the genus of the infective agent. identify bacterial strains in disease outbreaks.
bacteremias.
2. aerobic requirements. 3. productiGn of exotoxins. 4. production of endotoxins.
31.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
a gumma. a chancre. mucous patches. a maculopapular rash.
32. The components in the cell wall of Mycobacteriaceae responsible for acid-fastnessare
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
mucoproteins. teichoic acids. polysaccharides. lipids and waxes. magnesium ribonucleates.
The eclipse stage of a viral infection is characterized by ,
Tertiary syphilis is characterized by presence of
1. 2. 3. 4.
27.
and reacting with antigen. antigen attached to mast cells and
Tetanus and diphtheria are similar in nature with respect to 1.
26.
Histamine release from mast cells requires
1. antibodies (lg£) attached to mast cells
regeneration of epithelium in an area of cutaneous ulceration. replacement of squamous cells by cuboidal cells. replacement of cu boidal cells by columnar cells. replacement of columnar cells by 'stratified squamous epithelium.,
A benign tumor arisingfrom voluntary muscle is a
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
29.
development of lysogeny. absence of a demonstrable virusparticle. a slowly increasing number of virus particles. all of the above. none of the above.
A common oral manifestation of Addison's disease is
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
melanosis. xerostomia. glossodynia. "cotton-wool" bone. loss 'of lamina dura.
, 34.
Fermentation occurs when the
1. 2. 3. 4.
s.
35.
40.
electron donor is an organic compound. final electron acceptor is oxygen. final electron acceptor is an organic compound. final electron acceptor is an inorganic compound. electron donor and the final electron acceptor are inorganic compounds.
l. 2. 3. 4. 5.
41. With respect to its histologic appearance, biologic behavior and preinvasive states, oral squamous cell carcinoma most closely resem bles
42. The principal source of endemic histoplasmosis infection generally involves
Of the following, the most common site of a basalcell carcinoma is the
43.
tongue. gingiva. lower lip. upper face. oral mucosa.
Chest pain associated with lobar pneumonia is attributable to
Increased serum acid phosphatase is clinically significant and aids in the diagnosis'of
1. coexistent pleurisy. . 2. overuse of intercostal muscles. 3. inflammatory changes in alveolar walls. 4. congestion of the pulmonary vascular bed. S. extension of the inflammation to the
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
bronchi.
38.
measles. smallpox. hepatitis. herpes conjunctivitis. infectious mon<>nucleosis.
Agroup of antibiotics related both structurally and by mode of action to the penicillins is
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1. mosquitoes. 2. food sou rees. 3. dogs and cats. 4. soil and dust. S. droplet nuclei from human infections. 37.
The most active cel/ular structure in controlling the tntake of solutions into bacteria is the 1. 2. 3.
capsule. flagella. cell wall.
is
1. polymyxins. 2. cycloserines. 3. eeph alosporins. 4. chloramphenicols.
1. breast cancer. 2. cervical cancer. 3. Hodgkin's disease. 4. carcinoma of the lung. S. carcinoma of the colon. 36.
Of the following, specific chemotherapy useful for treatment of
44.
Paget's disease of bone. prir'nary hyperparathyroidism. secondary hyperparathyroidism. breast carcinoma with bone metastasis. prostate carcinoma with bone metastasis.
The fading of nuclear chromatin of a necrotic cell is 1. 2. 3. 4.
pyknosis. karyolysis. karyorrhexis. hyperchromatism.
46.
The poten t toxi ~ called aflatoxin is produced by
l. 2. 3. 4. 5.
47.
48.
Mucor. Candida. Aspergillus. Penicillium. Tricophyton.
On the basis of histogenesis and transitions observed in clinical cases, there appears to be a r~lationship between lymphocytic Iympnuma and
1. 2. 3. 4.
52.
1. 2. 3. 4.
53.
The complemen t system may be activated
l. at (1 and C3. 2. only by way of C1. 3. by interferon during viral infection. 4. QYactivation of any of the nine
55.
49.
Cells, tissues or organs that are transferred from a donor to a genetically different recipient of the same species are
..3.-
4. 5.
56.
50.
Unlike OPT vaccine, BCG vaccine consists of
1. 2. 3. 4.
killed virus. avirulent virus. killed bacteria. avirulen t bacL~ la.
renin. insulin. angiotensin. parathormone. erythropoietin.
The most common primary malignant neoplasm of the lung is 1. 2.
1. isografts. 2. allografts. 3. he terogra fts. 4. au toch th on ou s. 5. None of the above
neoplasia. metaplasia. hyperplasia. hypertrophy.
The renal hormone associated with hypertension is
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Components. only when the body temperature exceeds 101.6°F.
lung. colon. breast. cervix.
An increase in ventricular wall thickness'in paticn ts wi th hypertensive heart disease is an example of 1. 2. 3. 4.
lymphadenitis. lymphoepithelioma. lymphocytic leukemia. infectious lymphocytosis. 54.
5.
A woman has metastatic carcinoma of the jaws. The primary lesion would most likely be found in the
adenocarcinoma. bronchial adenoma. al\leolarcell
carcinoma.
squamous cell carcinoma. undifferentiated carcinoma.
A candidate virus for the induction of cervical carcinoma is
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
adenovirus. C-type virus. varicella zoster. Epstein-Barr virus. herpes virus hominis Type 2.
&
58.
The most common causative organism in gram-negativesepsis is
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
64.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
pneumococcus. . . virus organism. Escherichia coli. Streptococcus viridans. Streptococcus pyogenes.
65.
59.
.
Fluoride is most effective and safe as a prophylactic
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
60.
in the F2 state. applied topically. taken intravenousl y. supplied in sucrosc. added to the water supply.
66.
The delayed type of hypersensitivity trans ferred by
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
62.
67.
lysozyme. antibodies. mast cells. plasma cells. sensitized lymphocytes.
68.
1. . ionization. 2. 3. 4. 5:
denaturation. agglutination. precipitation. cauterization.
69.
anaerobic, aerobic and proteolytic. anaerobic, aerobic and facul tative. anaerobic, facultative and acidogenic. none of the above.
Streptococcus Streptococcus Streptococcus Streptococcus
mitis. mutans. pyogenes. sa/ivarius;
A bacterial muration leading to the requirement for a single amino acid is due to
l. 2. 3. 4. 5.
The basic effect of x-radiation upon living tissues is
the microflora
Dextrans are extracellular polysaccharides readily produced by . 1. 2. 3. 4.
can be
spirochetes. streptococci. staphylococci. actinomycetes.
In the normal healthy mouth, tends to be mainly
1. 2. 3. 4.
The most common etiologic agent of septic arthritis in adul ts is
caseous necrosis. gummatous necrosis. gangrenous necrosIS. coagulation necrosis. liquefaction necrosis.
The initial bacteria observed in dental plaque are 1. 2. 3. 4.
measure when it is
1. Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 2. Hemophilus influenzae. 3. Streptococcus pyogenes. 4. Streptococcus pneumoniae.
61.
The histologic pattern in a renal ischemic infarct is
lack of m RNA. loss of ability to utilize glucose. absence of a single enzyme activity. absence of cell wall polysaccharide. absence of several enzyme activities.
Transmission of the hepatitis B virus may be through (a) (b)
parental administration of blood or blood products. use of con laminated instrumen ts or injectio ipme
70.
Rickettsiae are similar to bacteria in that they (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
73.
Arrange the following types of cells or tissues in decreasing order of radiosensitivity from most sensitive to least sensitive.
multiply by binary fission. can be cultured on enriched blood agar. are capable of producing heat-resistant endospores. possess an energy-yie! ding, autonomous enzyme metabolism. are susceptible to the lethal effects of certain antibiotics.
(a) (b) (c) "(d) (e)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
(a), (b) and (c) (a), (c) and (d) (a), (d) and (e) (b), (c) and (e) (b), (d) and (e) All of the above
74.
"
71.
.
"
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
b, c, a, e, d c, a, b, d, e d, b, c, a, e d, e, b, c, a e, d, c, a, b
Cells of which of the following retain a laten t capacity for mitotic division?
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
Significant functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in inflammation are (a ) (b) (C) (d)
replication of new cells. phagocytosis of bacteria. elaboration of proteolytic enzymes. elaboration of an tibodies.
.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Liver Bone marrow Cardiac muscle Salivary glands Neurons
(a), (b) and (c) (a), (b) and (d) (a), (c) and (d) (b), (c) and (e) (b), (d) and (e)
(a) and (b) (a) and (c) (b) and (c) (b) and (d) ..
(c)and (d)
75.
Which of the following statements explain the advantageous effects of fibrin formation?
(a) (b)
72.
Osteocyte Endothelium Smooth muscle Spermatogon ium Intestinal mucosa
Neonatally thymectomized mice and nude
(c)
Fibrin transforms into fibroblasts serving in repair. Fibrin generates hyaluronidase to dissolve exudates. Fibrin serves as scaffolding for fibroblasts to proliferate in repair.
I
76.
Which of the following are possible sequelae to acute appendicitis? (a) (b) (c) (d)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
80.
Generalized peritonitis Periappendiceal abscess formation Pylephlebitis Hepatic abscess
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
(a), (b) and (c) (a), (b) and (d) (a), (c) and (d) (b), (c) and (d) Allof the above
81. 77.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Sympathetic opthalmia Milroy's disease Systemic lupus erythematosus Rheumatic fever Acute glomerulonephritis
82.
(a) and (c) (a) and (d) (b) and (c) (b) and (e) (c)and (e) (d) and (e)
Which of the Jollowing is the best method to avoid hepatitis B cross infections among dental patien ts?
1. - 2. 3.
4. 5.
Soak instrumen ts in a phenolic disinfectant for 20 minutes. Use a two-minute surgical scrub for hands and all items soiled by blood. Autoclave or dry heat sterilize all instruments used in treatment. Boil all needles and cu tting instrumen ts for five minutes in water containing anti-rust chemicals. Autoclave or dry heat sterilize those instruments used to treat patients who give histories of the disease.
Recurring attacks of bronchial asthma may predispose to which of the following diseases?
Which of the following is classified as a hemolytic anemia? 1. 2. 3. 4.
83. 78.
Atopy Anaphylaxis Serum sickness Arthus phenomenon Prausnitz-Kustner reaction
1. Empyema 2. Emphysema 3. Tuberculosis 4. Cor pulmonale
Which of the following are related to streptococcal cross-antigeniCity?
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
When horse serum is injected intravenously into a rabbit and again into the skin two or three weeks later, what is the necrotizing reaction that occurs at the site of the second injection?
Aplastic anemia Pernicious anemia Sickle-cell anemia Iron deficiency anemia
Which of the following would be expected to occur when T-Iymphocytes from a patient with chronic periodontitis are cultured in vitro with dental plaque an tigen?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Release of histamine Produc tion of speci fic IgG Release of slow-reacting substance (SRS) Production of macrophage inhibition factor (MIF) .'
84.
Which of the following sequelae of fatty nutritional cirrhosis is most likely to result in death?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Ascites Jaundice Hepatomegaly Esophageal varices
,. i I
I iI
86.
Whichof the following is a feature of infectious mononucleosis?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
87.
It frequently occurs in aged patients. Peripheral blood shows marked eosinophilia. .
4.
Each of the following is commonly associated with congestive heart failure EXCEPT
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
The mortality rate is approximately 20 per cent. . The serum o(the patient will agglutinate sheep red cells. There is a marked plasma cell infiltra-te into the attached gingiva.
Whichof the following relates to lysogeny?
1. 2. 3.
92.
93.
The lytic cycle occurs after curing. Curing represents loss of repressor. Prophage is integrated into bacterial chromosome. None of the above
1. 2. 3.
Whichof the following is recommended for disinfecting dental units and handpieces?
1. Clorox@ and Lysol@ (2%) 2. Gluteraldehyde (Cidex@) . 3. Betadine and zepharin (1: 750) 4. 2% staphene or benzalkonium chloride in 70% alcohol
89.
90.
94.
Streptococcus Streptococcus Streptococcus Streptococcus
mutans sanguis pyogenes salivarius
Each of the following is a histologic feature of malignant growth EXCEPT
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
aplasia. anaplasia. pleomorphism. hyperchromatism. abnormal mitosis.
.
.
reversal lines with a characteristic, mosaic pattern. decreased serum calcium and elevated serum phosphorus. predisposition to development of osteogenic sarcoma. irregular resorption and replacement of bone with a poorly mineralized osteoid matrix.
Of the following, the tissue with the least ability to regenerate is
1. bone. 2. liver. 3. neuron. 4. collagen fiber. 5. . squamous epithelium.
Which of the following species is found consistently in saliva and on oral soft tissues?
1. 2. 3. 4"
.
Osteitis deformans is characterized by each of the following EXCEPT
4. 88.
dyspnea. cyanosis. anasarca. ankle edema. passive congestion of the liver.
95.
The form of bacterial gene transfer that is least susceptible to DNAase and does NOT require cell-to-cell contact is
1. transition. 2. conjugation. 3. transduction. 4. transformation.
..
97.
Whichof the following is NOT characteristic of carcinoma in situ?
1. 2. 3. 4.
98.
99.
Whichof the following is NOT a complication of untreated left-sided heart failure?
1. Orthopnea 2. Pleural effusion 3. Bacterial pneumonia 4. Myocardial hyperplasia 5. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Pleomorphism Disorderly maturation Hyperchromatic nuclei Disruption of the basement membrane
Which of the following is NOT a feature of infectious mononucleosis? 100.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Splenomegaly Necrotizing pharyngitis Depressed heterophile titer Abnormal lymphocytes in peripheral blood Marked increase in the number of circulating lymphocytes
Whichof the following is NOT associated with urinary outflow obstruction?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Cystitis Urolithiasis Hydronephrosis Pyelonephritis Benignprostatic hypertrophy
..
NATIONAL BOARD DENTAL EXAMINATIon PART I ANSWER KEY
-
MICROBIOLOGY/PATHOLOGY
Ans.
-No.
Ans. -
No. -
Ans. -
No.
Ans.
1.
1
26.
1
51.
1
76.
5
2.
4
27.
4
52.
3
77.
6
3.
4
28.
2
53.
4
78.
3
No. -
\
I.
DECEMBER 1979
-
-
-
4.
1
29.
1
54.
1
79.
3
5.
1
30.
5
55.
4
80.
4
6. 7.
2
31.
2
56.
5
81.
2
32.
1
57.
3
82.
3
8.
5 2
33.
5
58.
3
83.
4
9.
3
34.
3
59.
84.
4
10.
3
35.
2
60.
1
85.
2
11.
1
36.
4
61.
5
86.
4
12.
2
37.
62.
1
87.
3
13.
1
38.
1 4
63.
5
88.
2
14.
5
39.
5
64.
4
89.
4
15.
1
40.
4
65.
2
90.
1
16.
3
41.
3
66.
3
91.
4
17.
4
42.
4
67.
2
92.
3
18.
1
43.
5
68.
3
93.
2
19.
2
44.
2
69.
5
94.
3
20.
1
45.
2
70.
3
95.
3
21.
46.
3
71.
3
96.
3
22.
2 2
47.
72.
4
97.
4
23.
4
48.
3 1
73.
4
98.
3
.5
,
DENTAL ANATOMY
1.
In the drawing below, the arrows represent possible contacting areas for which of the following maxillary cusps?
5.
In general, how do the eruption schedules of permanent mandibular teeth and permanent maxillary teeth compare? 1. 2. 3.
1. Facial cusps of premolars 2. Lingual cusps of premolars 3. Facial cusp of second premolar and
6.
mesiolingual cusp of first molar
2.
Identify the mandibular movement in the drawing above.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
3.
Protrusive movemen t Right lateral (working side) movement Right lateral (non-working side) movement left lateral (working side) movement left lateral. (non-working side) movement
In the drawing below, the arrow represents a possible contacting area for which of the following mandibular cusps?
The permanent maxillary canine opposes which of the following mandibular teeth? 1. 2. 3. 4.,
mesiofacial cusp of first molar
4. Lingual cusp of second premolar and
7.
Mandibular teeth erupt earlier. Maxillary teeth erupt earlier. Mandibular and maxillary teeth erupt simultaneously.
Canine and first premolar lateral incisor and canine First premolar only Canine only
Erupted teeth of maxillary and mandibular !'efthalves of a mixed den titian are shaded below. Approximately how old is the child?
1~~&~~Jm~ . !~Aj*i ""
1~~1
I',~~~" 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Cusp of canine Facialcusp of first premolar lingual cusp of first premolar Facial cusp of second premolar
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
2 years 5 years 6 years 8 years 11years 12
~~
9.
Which primary tooth has a facial cervical - ridge which is so distinctly prominent that it is uniquely different from other teeth?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
14.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Mandibular canine Mandibular first molar Maxillary central incisor Maxillary canine Maxillary second molar
15. 10.
Whichof the following primary molars bears the greatest resemblance to a premolar?
Ordinarily, a 6-year-old child would have which teeth clinically visible?
Which of the following permanen t teeth has a mesiodistal measurement greater lingually . than facially? . 1.
1. 2.
\
I I
3.
I
I I I
4.
5.
11.
Allprimary teeth only Allprimary teeth and permanent first molars Primary posterior teeth, permanent first molars and permanent central incisors Primary canines, permanent first molars and permanent mandibular incisors Primary posterior teeth and permanent central and lateral incisors
2. 3. 4. 5.
16.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Maxillary first premolar Mandibular second premolar Permanent maxillary first molar Permanent mandibular first molar
17.
12.
The anatomy of the mesial surface of which of the following teeth is most likely to cause difficulty in restorative dentistry?
1. 2. 3. 4.
13.
Deep concavities occur on which of the following permanent maxillary tooth surfaces?
18.
Distal and distofacial Central and distofacial Central and facial Central and distal Central and mesial Central and lingual
From a proximal view, which of the following permanent teeth tends to be positioned in the arch with its axis most nearly vertical?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Mandibular first molar Maxillary first premolar Maxillary central incisor Maxillary second premolar
Maxillary canine Maxillary first molar Mandibular first molar Maxillary first premolar Mandibular first premolar
The transverse groove of the oblique ridge of a permanent maxillary molar connects which of the following pits?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Which of the following teeth usually has the steepest cusp inclines?
Maxillary first Maxillary second Mandibular first Mandibular second
Maxillary canine Maxillary lateral incisor Maxillary central incisor Mandibular lateral incisor Mandibular central incisor
When teeth are in normal alignment and viewed from the occlusal, which teeth are so placed
I
19.
In which of the following roots would a divided pulp canal be most likely to occur? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
20.
Sulcus betwe'en distofacial and distal cusps of the mandibular first molar 2. Sulcus between lingual cusps of the mandibular first molar 3. Embrasure between mandibular first molar and second premolar 4. Embrasure between mandibular first and 5ecol"ldmolars '5. None of the above
2:=;.
Maxillarycen tral incisor Maxillary lateral incisor Mandibular lateral incisor Mandibular central incisor
Pictured below is the au tline of a cross section made at the cervix of which of the following permanent teeth?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Which of the following features would be of greatest value in distinguishing between a primary mandibular second molar and a permanent mandibular first molar?
1. 2. 3. 4.
23.
L
Lingual root of maxillary first molar Distofacial root of maxillary second molar
20 30 50 75 90 100
In normal occlusion, when the mandible makes a right working movement, which of the followingmay be in relation to the mesiolingualcusp of the maxillary left first molar?
Which of the permanent incisors is most frequently markedly concave on the lingual surface?
1. 2. 3. 4.
22.
Maxillary central incisor. Maxillary canine Mandibular canine
Approximately what percentage of root calcification is completed at the time the tooth erupts?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
21.
24.
Number of roots Number of cusps Comparative size of distal cusps Arrangement of grooves on occlusal surfaces
Which of the following statements'is applicable to both the maxillary first premolar and the mandibular second premolar?
1. 2.
One root is present.
26.
Maxillarycanine Maxillarylateral in~isor Mandibular central incisor Mandibular second premolar
In the permanent dentition, pulp chamber morphology makes which of the following pulp horns most subject to accidental exposure in the preparation of a ClassII cavity?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Mesiolingualofa maxillary first molar Mesiofacialof a mandibular first molar Distofacial of a mandibular first molar Facial of a mandibular first premolar Lingual of a mandibular second premolar
28.
What would happen if the mandible were forced into centric relation from the rest position?
l. 2.
33.
Which
of the following sketches illustrates the facial view of the permanent mandibular right canine?
The patient's reflex neuromuscular defense would resist the applied force. The mandible would be positioned in centric relation.
3. The neuromuscular 4.
29.
system would position the condyles. None of the above. The mandible cannot be retruded from the rest position.
The widest incisal or occlusal embrasure is
normally found between which of the following permanen t maxillary teeth?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 30.
Whichsulcus of the mandibular first molar does the maxillary mesiolingual cusp pass through in a lateral excursive movement on the working side?
1. 2. 3.. 4. 31.
Central incisors. Central and lateral incisors Lateral incisor and canine Canine and first premolar. Arst and second premolars
1
34.
the following sketches illustrates
~
I.--"'--, . ,, , ,
2
3
4
5
H L U Y + 35.
32.
4
3
the occlusal view of the mandibular right first premolar?
Facial Lingual Central Distofacial
In carving an occlusal amalgam restoration in a permanen t mandibular second molar, which of the following shapes is the most typical groove pattern? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Which of
2
Which of the following sketches illustrates
Whichof the following sketches illustrates the mesial view of the permanent mandibular left lateral incisor?
/
36.
40.
Which of the following sketches illustrates the occlusal view of the primary maxillary right second molar?
When waxing a hypothetical ideal occlusion, which of the following factors must be incorporated into the design?
(a) (b)
tj
U'C!i'1
".. ...' "
2
~
~
3
(c)
,
.. ../ ,..
@ .
r
I
I
. -~
4
(d)
5
37.
A maxillary first premolar has how many pulp horns?
38.
Whichof the following statements are applicable to the maxillary second premolar?
1. (a) only 2. (a), (b) and (c) 3. a), (c) and (d) 4. b) aniy 5. c) only 6. .c) and (d) only 7. All of the above
41.
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)
In a normal 6cclusio~, the mandibular central incisors will contact the maxillary incisors in which of the following movements? Protrusive lateral (working) lateral (non-working) lateral protrusive (a) and (b) only a), (b) and (d) a) and (d) only 1 b) and (c) (c) only (d) only
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Usually one root is present. The cusps may have vastly differen t forms. The root is extremely concave on the mesial aspect. The crown is extremely concave on the mesial surface. There may be a groove on the mesiolingual aspect of the crown. Facial and lingual cusps are approximately the same size.
1. (a ' c) and (f) 2. a, d) and (f) 3. a, ! e) and (f) 4. a and (f) only 5. b), (d) and (e)
Guiding (non-supporting) cusps are related to interproximal areas or developmental grooves. Supporting cusps are related to marginal ridges and fossae. Supporting cusps are aligned with supporting cusps of the same quadrant. Guiding (non-supporting) cusps overlap facial to mandibular teeth and lingual to maxillary teeth,
1. 2. 3; 4. 5. 6.
42.
.
Whichof the following permanent teeth sometimes have three cusps and a singie Central pit?
43.
Whichof the following are characteristic of a permanent maxillary central incisor but not of a permanent maxillary 14teralincisor?
45.
The greatest mesiodistal measurement is more than the greatest faciolingual measurement. (b) . It has a shallow, broad lingual fossa on the incisal one.half of the lingual surface. (c) The lingual fossa is bounded by the mesial marginal ridge, the distal marginal ridge, the incisal ridge and the cingulum. (d) The cervical line curves incisally more on its mesial surface than on its distal surface. (e) The cervical outline of the facial surface is a broad curve that is sometimes described as part ora semicircle.
In comparing primary and permanent dentitions, which of the following are notable differences?
(a)
1. a), (b) and (c) 2. a), (c) and (e) 3. l b) and (c) only 4. (b) and (e) S. (c) and (d) 6. (c) and (e) only
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
40.
(f)
Cervical ridges of permanent teeth are more pronounced. Crowns of primary incisors are shorter compared with mesiodistal diameters. Root trunks of primary teeth are less pronounced. Enamel is thinner in primary teeth compared with buIk 0f the crowns. Pulp cavities are larger in permanent teeth. Roots of permanent teeth are longer and slimmer.
a), (b) ahd (c) a), (e) and (f) b), ,(c) and (d) b), (c) and (e) (c), (d) and (e)
Lossof proximal contact could be expected to result in a) b) ! ~~
(e)
drifting of teeth. food impaction. bone loss. damage to the interdental papilla. unfavorable occlusion.
1. a) (b), (c) and (d) 2. a), (c) and (e) 3. . b), (c)and (e) 4. j d) and (e) S. Allof the above' .
44.
Whichof the following features of the dentition directly affect the health of the periodontal ligament and its hard tissue anchorage in terms of resisting occlusal force?
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
Anterior teeth have slight or no contact in the intercuspal position. The occlusal table is less than 60 per cent of the overall faciolingual width of the tooth. Thjrd molars are usually out of occlusion. Maxillary incisors are wider mesiodistally than faciolingually. The occlusal table of the tooth is generaJly at right angles to the
47.
This outline of a pulp cavity indicates that this anterior tooth probably
" 48.
Permanent mandibular molars are distinguished from permanent maxillary molars in that permanent mandibular molars have (a) (b)
(c) (d)
1. 2. 3. 4. S.
51.
a) b) c) l d)
two roots, one mesial and one distal. crowns that are broader. faciolinguaJly than mesiodistally. lingual cusps almost equal in sizc. crown axes inclined toward the facial.
a) and (bt a) and (c) b) only b),(c) and (d) c) and (d) only
In the intercuspal position, the maxillary posterior teeth oppose
1. a ' (b) and (c) 2. a , (b) and (d) 3. a i and (c) only 4. b) and (c) only S. Allof the above
52.
In comparison with the mandibular canine, the maxillary canine a) b) c) d)
49.
Areas of teeth most susceptible to dental decay are
(a) . (b) (c) (d) (e)
1. 2. 3. 4. S.
(e)
cusp tips. pits. facial surfaces cervical to the height of contour. facial surfaces occlusal to the height ofcontour. proximal surfaces.
a), (b) and (c) b), (c) and (e) b), (d) and (e) c), (d) and (e) e) only
1. 2 3. 4. S. 53.
(ai (c) and (d) ,a" (c) and (e) (b) and (e) (c) only All of the above
1- mandibular and maxillary arches are proportionate to each other in size.
2. the maxillary arch is larger than the
54. The primary cusp triangle on the occlusal surface of a permanent maxillary molar is formed by the
has a relatively shorter crown. is shorter. has a more pronounced cingulum. has a less pronounced developmental depression mesially on the root. has a cusp tip more nearly centered over the root, viewed from the facial aspect.
A Class III malocclusion is very often found when
3.
50.
facial inclines of facial cusps. lingual inclines of facial cusps. facial i11c1inesof IinguaJ cusps. lingual inclines of lingual cusps.
mandibular arch. the mandibular arch is larger than the maxillary arch.
When the incisal edges of anterior teeth are placed in end-to-end contact, the condyles of the mandible move
1. 2.
backward. forward only.
;~
56.
In a normal dentition in the- intercuspal position, the mesiolingual cusp of the permanent maxillary first molar opposes the mandibular first molar in the
1. 2. 3. 57.
58.
At the same time as the suprahyoid muscles contract during swallowing, a downward displacement of the mandible is prevented by con trac tion of the
1-
cen tral fossa. distal fossa. mesial fossa.
2. 3. 4. 5.
Viewedocclusally, the lingual portion of the crown outline is generally greater than the facial portion of the crown outline for the permanent
1. 2. 3. 4.
62.
63.
maxillary first molar.. mandibular first molar. maxillary second molar. mandibular second molar.
1-
maxilla, just anterior to the malar process. 2. temporal bone, just anterior to the auditory canal. 3. mandible, just posterior to the
The primary teeth that present the most outstanding morphologic deviations from permanent teeth are the 1-
2. 3. 4. 5.
The glenoid fossa is an oval cavity or a depression in the
64.
-
In an ideal centric occlusion, the mesiofaciaJ cusp of the permanent maxillary first molar opposes the
2. When in its proper position relative to the plane of occlusion, the crown of the mandibular second molar inclines
1. 2. 3. 4. 60.
12. 3.
4.
3. 4.
distally and facially. mesially and facially. mesially and lingually. distally and lingually.
When two proximal surfaces diverge from an area of contact, an embrasure is formed linguallyonly. lingually and facially only. lingually and occ/usally only. Iinguall Y facially, oee!usalJy and I
cervically.
central incisors. lateral incisors. canines. first molars. second molars.
1. central fossa of the mandibular first
internalobliqueridge.
59.
infrahyoidmuscles. . masticatory muscles. anterior cervical muscles. posterior cervical muscles. muscles of facial expression.
5.
65.
molar. mesialfossa of the mandibular first molar. facial embrasure between mandibular second premolar and first molar. sulcus of the distofacial groove of the mandibular first molar. sulcus of the mesiofacial groove of the mandibular first molar.
Lingual cusps of mandibular molars oppose
1. 2.. 3. 4. 5.
grooves only. marginal ridges only. grooves and embrasures only. marginal ridges and embrasures only. grooves, embrasures and marginal ridges.
I
~ ~
67.
The masticatory movemen t of the mandible may be described as
1. 2. 3. 4.
73.
vertical and tear.drop in appearance. occurring on the non-working side. the same as movements in lateral contacting movement. resembling the movements in Gothic arch tracing.
Morphologically, the permanent mandibular lateral incisor is almost identical to the permanent mandibular central incisor. The difference is that
1. the permanent mandibular lateral incisor 2.
3.
68.
A maxillary right canine may be distinguished from a maxillary left canine because
1. 2. 3. 4.
69.
I
the root curYesto the mesial in the
apicalone-third.
.
the distal half of the canine shows more convexity than the mesial half. facially, the cusp tip is placed distal to a line which bisects the crown and the root. lingually, the cervical line slopes mesially.
74.
The lingual cusp of the maxillary first premolar is inclined
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
4.
after lateral incisor and first premolar. before lateral incisor and first premolar. after first premolar but prior to lateral incisor. after lateral incisor but prior to first premolar.
Spacing between anterior teeth in the primary dentition is most fr~quently caused by
1. 2. 3. 4.
75.
The premolar that most frequently has a singlecentral pit: is the
1. 2. 3. 4.
76.
thumb-sucking. tongue thrusting. growth of the dental arches. pressure from succedaneous teeth.
1.
3.
The small ridges, perikymata, seen on facial surfaces of canines are the result of
1. 2. 3. 4.
hyperplasia. hypocalcification. normal development. interstitial development.
4.
77.
maxillary first. maxillary second. mandibular first. mandibular second.
In idea1permanent tooth relationship, the tip of the mandibular canine in lateral excursion passes
2.
71.
distally. mesially. distolirigually. mesiofacially. directly over the center mesiodisully.
The maxillary canine.erupts
l. 2. 3.
70.
is usually slightly larger. the permanent mandibular central incisor has an elongation of the distoincisal angle distolingually. when the permanent mandibular central incisor is viewed incisally the crown appears to be slightly rotated on its base.
distal to the tip of the maxillary canine cusp. mesial to the tip of the maxillary canine cusp. directly in line with the maxillary canine cusp tip. through the embrasure between maxillary canine and first premolar.
In the triangle formed by the projection of
i
I
78.
The height of contour occlusocervically is located within the mi.ddlethird of the 1. 2. 3.
4.
79.
84.
facial surface of a permanent mandibular first molar. lingualsurface of a permanent maxillary first molar. distal surface of a permanent central inCisor. . mesialsurface of a permanent canine.
l. 2. 3. 4. 5.
85. Radiographically, the anterior p<)latine foramen is roughly a
86.
right central incisor only. righ t and left central incisors. right centra! and lateral incisors. right lateral incisor only. left lateral incisor only.
The deflective function of mesiofacial and distofacialline angles protects
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1. triangular radiolueent area. 2. elliptical radiolucent area. 3. elliptical radiopaque area. 4. circular radiolucent area. 5. circular radiopaque area.
80.
In right lateral (working) movement, the mandibular right central incisor usually contacts the maxillary
proximal gingiva. the faCialpart of the interdental papilla. the middle part of the interdental papilla. the lingual part of the interdental papilla. a/l of the above.
In the diagram of Posselt's envelope of motion, the maximum intercuspal position isthe
The incisal edges and the incisal thirds of facial surfaces of mandibular incisors and canines generally oppose lingual surfaces of maxillary incisors and canines
l. 2. 3. 4.
1. within the incisal thirds. 2. at the linguocervical ridges. 3. immediately incisal to the cingula
lowest point. most anterior point. most posterior point. most superior point.
4.
on the lingual ridges. at the junctions of middle and cervical
thirds. 81.
1. f1uorosis. 2. malnutrition. 3. malformation. 4. malocclusion. 5. enamel composition. 82.
5.
Under normal conditions, the presence of mamelons in a 14-year-old patientis indicative of
87.
1. distolingual groove. 2. distolingualline angle. 3. distolingual cuspal eminence. 4. heigh t of the mesiolingual cusp. 5. mesiodistal diameter midpoint.
immediately gingival to the junctions of middle and incisal thirds.
The periodontal ligament in the region of the permanent mandibular canine tends to become thinner with age, probably as the result of
1. 2. 3. 4.
When viewed lingually, the permanent maxillary first molar has its lingual root apex in line with the
.
cementum and bone deposition. downgrowths of gingivalepithelium. cell rests forming gingivalcysts. horizontal and oblique fibers reversing function with age.
I t I
I~ 88.
( In the intercuspaJ position, the lingual cusp of the maxillary second premolar
I p
!
.
~ ~
89.
Opening the mouth maximally from retruded position causes the mandible to 1. 2. 3. 4.
90.
4. S.
a sharper, more pointed cusp tip. a blunter, more flattened cusp tip. a cingulum~ that occupies a greater portion of the lingual surface. a shorter root, compared to crown length. no lingual ridge between the cusp tip and the cingulum.
Maxillary facial and mandibular lingual cusps require sufficient occlusal length and horizontal overlap for
1. 2. 3. 4. S. 92.
translate. rotate. rotate, then transla tee translate, then rotate.
Developmentally, the three major cusps that form the primary cusp triangle on a maxillary molar tooth are
1. 2. 3. 4.
96.
Viewed from the occlusal, the basic coronal outline of the mandibular second premolar is
1. 2. 3. 4.
97.
rectangular. rhomboidal. triangular. square.
Each permanent tooth has a greater dia~ter faciolingually than mesiodistally with the exceptions of the
esthetics. centric stability. chewing efficiency. soft tissue protection. none of the above.
(a) (t ~ lcj (d) (e)
1. 2. 3. 4. S.
In a lateral mandibular excursion, the teeth that ideally should provide the predominant guidance through the full range of the movement are the
1. incisors. 2. canines. 3. premolars. 4. incisors and canines. S. canines and premolars. 6. incisors, canines and premolars.
98.
mandibular first molar. maxillary first molar. maxillary central incisor. mandibular lateral incisor. mandibular second premolar.
a), (b) and (c) a) and (c) only b), (c) and (d) b) and (d) only cLr(d) and (e)
Whichof the following ic; NOT characteristic of the permanent maxillary canine?
1. 93.
mesiofacial, distofacial and mesiolingual. mesiofacial, distolingual and mesiolingual. mesiofacial, distofacial and distolingual. mesiofacial, distofacial and cusp of Carabelli.
In comparing permanent and primary canines, the newly erupted primary maxillary canine has
1. 2. 3.
91.
95.
The combined mes;vdistal width of primary mandibular first and second molars, compared with the combined mesiodistal width 'of their
2.
permanent successors, is
3.
When viewed from the incisal, mesial and distal outl ines are asymmetrical. Gingival pits and grooves, though not type traits, are common features. . When viewed from the facial, mesial and distal margins are parallel.
