FUTURISTIC architecture
ANUJA VIBHO NIPUN
definition: Futurist architecture is
an early-20th century form of architecture born in Italy, characterized by anti-historicism, strong chromaticism, long dynamic lines, suggesting speed, motion, urgency and lyricism: it was part of the Futurism, an artistic movement founded by the poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti.
Lingotto factory in Turin. With its test track on the roof, was recognized in 1934 as the first futurist invention in architecture
The Art Deco style of architecture with its streamlined forms was regarded as futuristic when it was in style in the 1920s and 1930s. The original name for both early and late Art Deco was Art Moderne--the name "Art Deco" did not come into use until 1968 when the term was invented in a book by Bevis Hillier.
The Chrysler Building is a notable example of Art Deco futurist architecture.
Futurism after World War II
1. Googie architecture After World War II, Futurism, considerably weakened, redefines itself thanks to the enthusiasm towards the Space Age, the Atomic Age, the car culture and the wide use of plastic.
For example, we find this trend in the architecture of Googies in the 1950s in California. Futurism in this case is not a style but an architectural approach rather free and uninhibited, which is why it has been reinterpreted and transformed by generations of architects the following decades, but in general we find that amazing shapes with dynamic lines and sharp contrasts, and the use of technologically advanced materials.
The "Theme Building" at Los Angeles International Airport
2. Neo-Futurism In the 1980s, French architect Denis Laming, was one of the members of this movement and founder of Neo-Futurism. He designed all of the buildings in Futuroscope, whose Kinemax is the flagship building.
L'Imax 3D: one of the structures of the theme park called Futuroscope.
The 'Travellers by Air and by Sea' attraction
3. Post-modern futurism In popular literature, the term futuristic is often used without much precision to describe an architecture that would have the appearance of the space age as described in works of science fiction or as drawn in science fiction comic strips or comic books. Today it is sometimes confused with blob architecture. The routine use of the term vague and futurism — which rarely has political implications — must be well differentiated from the Futurist movement of the years 1910 –1920. The futurist architecture created since 1960 may be termed post- modern futurism .
The San Francisco Marriott Marquis in San Francisco, California, a notable example of post-modern futurism, was designed by the architect Anthony J. Lumsden (1989). It is topped with a jukebox-shaped glass tower.
Characteristics of futuristic: 1 . Futuristic Architecture is the architecture of calculation, of reckless daring and simplicity, the architecture of reinforced concrete, iron, glass, cardboard, textile fiber and all substitutes for wood, stone and brick, allowing maximum flexibility and lightness. 2 . The oblique lines and elliptic lines are dynamic, which by their very nature have an expressive power a thousand times higher than the horizontal and perpendicular. 3 . The decoration, as something superimposed on architecture is absurd, and only use the original provision and the raw material or seen or violently colored depends the decorative value of Futurist architecture. 4 . As the ancients drew inspiration for his art, the elements of nature, Futurist architecture must find that inspiration in the elements of brand new mechanical world was created.
Characteristics of futuristic:
5 . The distributed architecture and art forms of the building according to criteria is finished. 6 . Architecture must understand the effort to harmonize with freedom and great audacity environment and man, that is, make the world of things in a direct projection of the spirit world. 7 . The fundamental characteristics of Futurist architecture will lapse and transience. The houses will last less than us. Each generation should be made from their city. This constant renewal of the built environment contribute to the victory of Futurism which already imposes the words freedom, plastic dynamism, music without quadrature and the art of noise, and we fought relentlessly against the cowardly extension of the past .
Richard Rogers Richard Rogers is an innovative British architect and urban planner practicing since late 1960′s who is best know for his bold futuristic architecture, mainly expressed by its inside out nature of structure and building services, which many have called ‘bowellism’. Where ventilation ducts, hot water pipes and electrical conduits are considered ‘ugly’ and are typically hidden behind walls and ceilings, Rogers has made an effort change how we perceive architecture by exposing them on the outside of the building. Richard gained world fame for his style by his design of Pompidou centre in Paris.
Pompidou centre, Paris
Other architects: Le Corbusier
Zaha Hadid
Tadao Ando
Hyogo Prefectural Museum
Protohouse 2.0 Employing the latest 3D technology, London-based architecture group Softkill Design is set to build the world’s first 3D printed house using plastic. Called the Protohouse 2.0, the new 3D printed dwelling can be manufactured in three weeks, away from site, and arranged in just one day.
Measuring eight meters in width and four meters in length, the Protohouse 2.0 will be printed in parts in a factory and then transported in trucks to the site or location, so they could be assembled with minimum fuss. On top, the plastic house doesn’t need any bolting, screwing or welding, as you can attach different pieces together, almost like LEGO bricks, within no time.
Protohouse 2.0 Featuring a fibrous nylon structure based on bone growth, the Protohouse 2.0 will employ less amount of material to construct the strongest architecture. Fabricating the components in laser-sintered bio plastic, the 3D printed house would be as good and solid as any other traditional house made using concrete. The first prototype of the Protohouse 2.0 is expected to be launched by this summer..
Some projects:
Cathedral of Brasilia (Oscar Niemeyer, 1960)
Residential building in Paris, near the Maison de la Radio
Graduate Centre (classroom building), Oral Roberts University, (Frank Wallace, 1963)
