PANAGIOTIC LIAPIC
GREECE THE MOST RICH COUNTRY OF THE PLANET EARTH
ATHENS 2009
Novel of NON DEEP REALITY – FANTASY PRODUCT
With lots of love dedicated, to my parents, to EL_lines in Natalia, Olga, Onder, and of course to my colleagues By Price LIAPIS Panagiotis With lots of love dedicated, to my parents, to EL_lines in Natalia, Olga, Onder, and of course to my partners By Price LIAPIS Panagiotis При большом количестве посвященный, любви мои родители Греки, В Наталья, Οльга, и Ондер, к моим коллегам По цене LIAPIS Panagiotis
Συγγραφέας ΛΙΑΠΗΣ ΠΑΝΑΓΙΩΤΗΣ Τίτλος Δ/νση Κ.Βάρναλη 12, 15121 Πεύκη, Αθήνα Τηλ. 210-6149149 Κιν. 6937097443 Ε-mail
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Author Title Addr Tel Mob. E-mail SUPPLY
LIAPIS Panagiotis K. Varnali 12 15121 Pine Athens 210-6149149 6937097443
[email protected] 210.8065618 6937097443
A few words from the author My Friends in this textbook, take the knowledge that until now store it in dusty Greek manuscripts of Plato, Aristotle and other ancient fotodoton in damp basements monasteries and private libraries disekatomyriouchon. We revealed through masterfully blended events of economy, religion, Greek history and mythology, the confirmations of Medicine and the multidimensional social structures, the Greek discovery of ether for which spoke Platonas and Aristotle, the mineral krystalyka and electrical properties, their initiatory secret caves, history, radiation and their effects on human health, MIND CONTROL is the technical control of the mind legends and myths, travel guides, the history of Russia and Mongolia, Dynasty RURIC, the Greek supremacy, The Secret of the Living Water, forecasts in recent days, the establishment of the 4th Reich, well read, and its organization, methods of prevalence of the 4th Reich, Geostrategic, The Secrets of the Parthenon, The stolen works of art, naturally leads business survival in difficult times. There are missing from my literary work of literature, prayer and research on photovoltaic technology in whose threshold of energy is free. Also presented a series of investigations on a series of error events for the signs, and possible manipulation of cosmogony, incidents involving the Nazis and the possible bases in space, President Obama, and the new doctrine Panthriskeias launched in conjunction with the Worship infernal beings are a new mirror through which can be seen the current scene of the enormous progress in the areas of MIND CONTROL, the chip EMV of Bill Gates on bank credit cards, the emerging banking system in relation to economic crashes of America The SIONISMOS and the New World Order of the 4th Reich, and PEOPLE CLONES - Men in Black, and the CIA in connection with the anti-government slogans and reactive walls define a new reality, which leads to control police forces in Use of Sound for centuries hidden weapons ancient Greeks developed from the Greek National Nuclear epistimoina C. Gkiolva. The creations of the Plan "Arrow" (sound rule) and the sound "Artemis", as are
sources on the web are presented in detail below in relation to biological warfare aircraft from the US-spray from chemical and microbial air over cities. Trying to minimize the harmful effects that using genetics Industry, extensive fires, building new towns in the concentration camps of D Reich, apply geostrategic implementation plan new war in the Balkans because of Kosovo, where the project "Blue Ray" at the upcoming mayhem by the end of 01/2010 will chrisimopoiithoun new weapons bass Police with physical effects of radiation on the human organism KARKINOUS By Price LIAPIS Panagiotis
CAUTION - SIGNIFICANT MARKINGS TO READER
1. This project is a bottomless MYTHISTORIMA Reality 2. Clarifies Developed Fiction 3. Any resemblance to actual persons, locations and events are imaginary, purely accidental, not existing in the present reality and past it. 4. Copyrights on works protected by the current constitution, laws and jurisprudence 5. Prohibited the reproduction and distribution of all or part of the document without the prior written permission of the author and an award identifying figures and in words of the author's remuneration, rights and remuneration of the Greek state, the duration of the contract and the parties. 6. The document bears a registered trademark 7. The project is only available for private use, prohibited the reading public all or part of it. 8. The work donate to the library of the Greek state request and complied with the legislation providing for the process. 9. For Greek citizens: To book not sold through bookstores and other retail outlets. KNOWLEDGE donors. 10. The book takes seeker typing t yping costs and expenses of this th is mission. 11. The Writer LIAPIS Panagiotis receive no remuneration (money) making a work available 12. The book has no subversive of the system concept, but instead Net conglomerate of all the Greeks of Planet Earth, 120,000,000 Greeks to create well-governed society as defined by the democratic, elected Parliamentary Antiptosopous People (primary form of power) 13. The GREECE Fri all the problems exist because of the scandalous EVNNOIA OF MARY. The Greeks GYIOS DEFKALIONOS DEFKAL IONOS OF, THE LIGHT, AS NO ONE GREEK even no hope, no justice. Amen. Copyright by Panagioti Liapi
THE BOOK IS NOT FOR SALE I GIVE THE KNOWLEDGE FREE – NO COST AT THE BEGINNING ON EARTH FROM TITHIS WAS ONLY TWO AUTHENTIC RACES, GREEKS and DRACONIAN DRACONIANS. S.
GREEKS HAVE THE MARK OF SUNNY SOUL IN THE EYES DRACONIANS HAVE THE MARK OF DRACONIANS OF KNIFE IN THE THE BACK BUT ONLY THE MEMBERS OF THE CIRCLE KNOWS THAT. (From Dialogues of Diomidis with Alexander the Great )
GREECE: The richest country in Europe • Mytilene - Lesvos, 04/02/2010
IN EV EVER ERY Y Gr Gree eek k eq equi uiva vale lent nt $ 96 96.0 .000 00.0 .000 00.0 .000 00 That is why "claiming" the Albanian nationalists Continent, the Skopjans Macedonia, Turkish Thrace and the Aegean! (Because behind them are Americans who want to loot and rob our national wealth) In February ary 1998 came ame to public inves nvesttigation with the larg argest concentration of radon in the Greek market in the village Fairy Thesprotia. The measurement was 9550 becquerels per square meter and the 150 threshold alert! Similar measurements have high and Serres, Thessaloniki, Mykonos, Kavala, Ikaria, Lesvos, Fthiotida, Loutraki Nigrita, Souroti (1), etc. Radon is naturally occurring radioactive element, and for those who know, is an indication of the existence of these underground areas than uran uraniu ium. m. Moun Mountt PANGA PANGAIO IO Kava Kavala laOl Olym ympi piad ada a in Halk Halkid idik ikii has alre alread ady y begun exploiting the subsoil there from the TVX Gold (known anti-Hellenic propaganda propaganda sponsor of Skopje) Skopje) George George Soros, Soros, which contains contains some gold and uranium!. also there is already strong interest from foreign investors for the mining of vast deposits of gold. In A confidential report came to light in the newspaper "Investor" on 23/2/96, report on the results of measurements of IGME (Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration). Around EUR 100 trillion drachmas assess the value of deposits of uranium and other rare metals for satellites and rockets. The text of the survey signed by seven distinguished Greek scientists and refe refers rs to uran uraniu ium m depos deposit its s conta contain inin ing g 300 300 mill millio ion n tonn tonnes es of urani uranium um conc oncentr entrat ate e 16% and othe otherr rare are miner ineral als s like like ruti utile, le, loute outesi sio o and and lanthanum, which have very specific uses in the manufacture of missile systems. Refers only to the region of Mount symbol of Kavala. It is one of the largest uranium deposits INTERNATIONALLY. The value of enriched uranium 235 in the world market (1998) is $ 20,000 a gram!. O Dean of the Faculty of Engineering and chairman of the department of chemical engineering Vassilios Papageorgiou, held a lecture on "Heavy industry in Greece, which had to do with the results and his research 30 years. Impressive was that all the points the survey agreed with the results of rele releva vant nt inve invest stig igat atio ions ns olde oldest st of the the 1940 1940s s who who acci accide dent ntal ally ly had had reached his hands. This teacher wondering how it is possible that Greece has not currently been set-up heavy industry at the time that not only have ALL ALL of the the nece necess ssar ary y raw raw mater materia ials ls (str (strat ategi egic c miner mineral als) s) and and even even in abun abunda danc nce, e, but but some some of them them are are uniq unique ue prod produc ucin ing g coun countr try y in the the European Union. Namely: Lignite: The fossil energy production by burning with little environmental pollution. Greece has so much lignite, if you ran earl early, y, it woul would d save save many many bill billio ions ns to impor importt petr petrel elai aiou ou.A .Alo loum umin inio io:: For For
several years France has reduced its production of aluminum and Greece is now first in production of aluminum with thousands efarmoges.Voxitis: Greece is the largest voxitoparagogos European Union country. Bauxite is used in aircraft manufacture, electrical equipment, steel structures and allo allou. u.Ma Mang ngan anio io:: Gree Greece ce is the the only only coun countr try y in the the Euro Europe pean an Unio Union n contained contained in underground underground deposits deposits of manganese. manganese. The main deposits are found in the county Dramas.Nikelio: And for this strategic mineral as Mr Papageorgiou, Greece is the only country in the European Union with substantial deposits of nickel in the subsoil. There is a nickel plant, the largest in the European Union, but also exported abroad, like almost all others others as exorys exorysson sontai tai.Sm .Smikt iktite ites: s: Greece Greece is the second second countr country y in the world after the United States in the mining smiktiton who have a wide range of applications, such as waste disposal, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and alla.Magnisio: The magnesite exported by our country, covering 46% of total production in Western Evropis.Chromitis: Greece is the only EU count ountry ry that that cont contai ains ns unde underg rgro roun und d sign signif ific ican antt chro chromi mite te depo deposi sits ts of exploitable. The most important deposits are located on Mt Kozani mainly used used to prod produc uce e stai stainl nles ess s chal chalyv yva.O a.Our urani anio: o: As menti mention oned ed abov above, e, the the ouranioucha ores have been discovered in Central Macedonia and Thrace. The issue of April 28, 1999 the newspaper "Athens" was entitled "Treasury of Northern Greece" and refer refer to this this very very issu issue. e. Thra Thrace ce is ther theref efor ore e a strategic hub, because in addition to the rich deposits of uranium, gold and oil, in addition there will be passed to future gas pipeline and oil "Burgas Alexandrou droup poli olis" pipeline to transport ort fuel from the Caspian to dysi.PETRELAIO: There's plenty in the Aegean. In the same lecture on the
main
strategic
minerals
Papageorgiou was extensive talk about the oils in the Aegean. No gov governm ernmen entt had had yet yet the the cour courag age e to adm admit the the exis existe ten nce wealt ealth hines iness s oil oil in the the Aegea egean n and the the gam game with ith Tur Turkey key actu actual ally ly play played ed ther there. e. Ther There e are are pass passag ages es of the the anci ancien ent t historian Herodotus, which refers to the "flammable tar. It is also known fact that the Germans were already in possession of mapping the whole of Greece, as directly interested, and then any sources for its military machine. With the fall of Hitler, the the rele relevan vantt maps maps and and info informa rmati tion on arriv arrived ed in the the hand hands s of Americans at the time. In recent years, with the help of special sate satell llit ite e phot photog ogra raph phy y is that that exis existi ting ng safe safety ty data data for for the the existence of rich oil deposits in the Aegean. A former American ambassador to Greece Nicholas Burns in a live broadcast on chann channel el MEGA MEGA and he was was offi offici cial ally ly admi admitt tted ed that that there there is indeed oil in the Aegean and this basically creates tension betw between een Gr Gree eece ce and Turk Turkey ey.. Acco Accordi rding ng to rese resear arch ch resul results ts were based on satellite maps are now an undisputed fact that: The richest deposits of oil in the Greek area are east of the island of Thassos, in the Gulf of Thessaloniki, in the Dodecanese and in part articular in the vic vicinity of Imia, ia, in Zakynthos and Florina. Official statement of nuclear physics pro profe fess ssor or at the the Aris Aristo totl tle e Univ Univer ersi sity ty of Thes Thessa salo loni niki ki Mr. Mr. Papastefanou states inter alia: "Historically perceived that, as in the case of oil in the Aegean, so in the case of uranium, it might not ever given to the Greek government full results of geological surveys done in Drama and Thrace, the American rese resear arch chers ers ... ... " A reas reason onab able le quest questio ion n is why why Gr Gree eece ce has has sign signif ific ican antt oil oil and and mine minera rals ls in such such quant quantit itie ies. s. In this this reply reply geolog logist ists say the follo llowing. As far as oil is known to geologists that almost the entire current Aegean Sea was once a vast lush valley which is the way to create katepontisthi after thou thousa sand nds s of year years s the the curr current ent Aege Aegean an Sea. Sea. Hydr Hydroc ocar arbo bons ns forests were oil. As regards the rare metals, and this is easily explained once known as the tectonic plates of Africa falls below that of Europe, including creating appropriate conditions for the creation of such ores. Reasonable suspicion, and other "weird" and expensive components in the underground, like osmiu mium, red mercu ercurry, etc. for which the invest estigation continues. Shutting down the oil issue in the Aegean, quoting the allocation of places responsibility on oil cartel over Greece, as agreed in 1975: a ') east of Thassos (OXYDENTAL, the Texan A. A. Humme Hummer) r),, b) the the Creta Cretan n Sea Sea betwe between en Kass Kassos os and Cret Crete e (CHEVRON, interests Rokfeller), c) Katakollo Zakynthos (ESSO, also of Rokfeller), d) Epanomi - Sithonia - distinguished service (Ame (Ameri rica can n and and angl angloo ooll llan andi diki ki TEXA TEXACO CO SHEL SHELL) L).. Sour Source ces: s: press, Forum EIAS , IOANNIS
Gold: It can generate government revenue of 500 million euros annually and provide over 7,000 jobs. Geothermal fields: If exploited energy that would result would be 160000 tons of oil annually. Oil: A billion barrels are possible apolipsima crude in the north Aegean. Uranium 10,000 tonnes in the subsurface of northern Greece. Unspent billions waiting in ypedafosTou Euclid Karagiannidis (Newspaper "MAKEDONIA) Northern Greece is the region that was hit perhaps more than any any othe otherr from from the the inte intern rnat atio iona nall cris crisis is,, the the natu nature re of the the econ econom omy y and and in part particu icula larr the the stro strong ng outw outward ard oper operat atio ions. ns. Thou Thousa sand nds s of padl padloc ocks ks SMEs SMEs,, impl implem emen enti ting ng flex flexib ible le work work arrangements on large industries, reduction or abandonment of traditional agricultural crops, decline in tourism make up a "nightmare" scenario, the consequences of which according to analysts analysts prove the end of summer and then, compounding compounding the already bad image. At the same time in the subsoil of the region there are hidden treasures, which are a re almost entirely left untapped untapped mainly due to reactions reactions among local communitie communities s to create the political costs, which no government wants to pay. And we mean petroleum, gold, geothermal energy, including uranium, which remains a taboo subject for the Greek reality. The numbers are indeed impressive: a huge geothermal energy pot poten enti tial al of arou around nd 150 150 megaw megawat atts ts per year, year, equi equiva vale lent nt to 114,000 tonnes of oil equivalent, with a value exceeding EUR 33,4 33,455 55,0 ,000, 00, rema remain ins s unta untapp pped ed for for many many year years s in Nort Norther hern n Greece. The three gold investments can deliver, directly or indirectly, more than 7,000 jobs and revenue for 500 million less from direct taxes to the Greek state annually while flying foreign capital amounting to at least EUR 1 billion in the country. Experts argue that the country could fully cover the needs of oil, whereas deposits of Greece and especially in the northern may contain one to three billion barrels of oil. As As for for urani uranium um,, expert experts s say say that that usin using g part part of esta establ blish ished ed rese reserv rves es Pagg Paggeo eo coul could d solv solve e the the pr prob oble lem m of "the "the coun countr try y overnight. It seems particularly odd in an era when everyone talk talks s abou aboutt usin using g ren renewab ewable le ener energy gy and and aban abando donm nmen entt of mineral to raise such a question. On the other hand think that would be useful to consider what we missed, what we lose and what we could win even today with the least possible cost in terms of quality of life and environment. Just wondering if time has come for a comprehensive approach to this huge issue, which is both legitimate and necessary to the proper actions and reactions to northern Greece and the country as a whole
can exp exploit loit even even a part art of this this huge huge hidde idden n trea treasu sure res s. GREE GREEK K YELLOW LLOW-e -emp mplo loym ymen entt gr grow owth th in 1500 1500 pr prim imar aril ily y individuals and at least 6,000 secondary down the investment in gold mines Greek Kassandra. -For the establishment of gold mining in the area of iron Lakkos, Greek Gold plans to invest 800 mil, while many others will spend the first 20 years of mining in wages. -The delays that have occurred since 2006, when the project was tabled at the Ministry of Development, and the Preliminary Environmental Impact Ministry have led the whole pro rojject has excee ceeded two years sch schedules and contractual provisions. Gold mines of Thrace, the creation of 200 direct jobs and 800 indirect investment provides the gold mines of Thrace in Perama, which is on the verge of Rodopi and Evros. The proposed direct-investment is estimated at 100 mil and deepen the decade will be invested in additional 158 mil. 70% of these funds will be invested in the region of Thrace, esti estima mate ted d that that the the Gr Gree eek k gover governm nmen entt will will have have inpu inputt from from dire direct ct taxa taxati tion on of the the comp compan any y over over 200 200 mil. mil. -The -The pr proj ojec ect t reached reached "hopef "hopefull ully" y" to 9 years years behind behind the schedu schedule. le. MINING MINING- - Thrace One hundred and thirty jobs with the operation and 200 during its construction provides the investment plan of Thrace Mini Mining ng for for gold gold depo deposit sits s in the the regi region on of the the pr prefe efect ctur ure e of Rodo Rodopi pi Sape Sapes. s. Inve Invest stme ment nt-90 -90 ekat. ekat.do dol. l. is now now at the the poin point t where it was nine years ago, when it had received preliminary approval for the siting of. The managers then thought that in 2004 with 2005, the unit will be ready to operate. Today virtually the invest estment starts rts fro rom m scrat ratch. Mine inerals als and ores According to Mr Chris Kavalopoulo, General Director of Mining Enterprises Association, the Greek nature and particularly in Northern Greece has considerable mineral wealth, which is a great variety of minerals, with significant industrial interest and mult multip iple le appl applic icat ation ions s . Typi Typical cal examp example les s that that descr describ ibe e the the dynamic presence of mining in northern Greece are: lignite, Magn Magnes esit ite, e, Magn Magnes esia ia,, Mixed Mixed sulph sulphid ides, es, Marb Marble le Lime Limest ston one e aggregates feldspars Attapoulgitis Olivinitis Pozzolana Huntite Quar Quartz tz Gold Gold.. Furt Furthe herm rmor ore, e, sign signif ific ican antt ur uran aniu ium m depo deposi sits ts,, estimated to reach 10,000 tons, identified by the Institute of Geology and Minera eral Explo xplorration in the subsoi soil of the prefectures of Drama and Serres, but in i n other areas of Northern Greece. According to the study of IGME, uranium ore deposits in Drama rama,, Serres rres and and othe otherr area areas s of nort northe hern rn Gr Gre eece ece is estima estimated ted at 10,000 10,000 tonnes tonnes,, while while proven proven reserv reserves es are 1525 1525 tonnes. [Stephanosmytilineos.blogspot.com]
1.
Ores
and
minerals
The The islan islands ds have have been been since since anti antiqu quit ity y a spec specia iall inte intere rest st in respect respect of their natural wealth, wealth, given the wide variety of useful useful minerals hidden in the subsoil. It is known obsidian quarries position Nails Milos, where ancient Workers Precision quarried pieces of obsidian tools and manufacturing, as evidenced by the the pil piles and and quar quarry ryin ing g pr prod oduc ucts ts reta retain ined ed unti untill toda today. y. Also known from antiquity are the marbles of Paros, Naxos, Thas Thasso sos, s, Chio Chios s and and Tino Tinos. s. The The Pari Parian an marb marble le,, know known n as unto untouc ucha habl bles es in anci ancien entt ston stone e and and garne arnet, t, becau ecause se the the operation took place in underground tunnels to light the lamp. This white marble, homogeneous, with typical aftoaktinovolia and great penetration by sunlight. Of Parian marble, built some of the masterpiece masterpieces s of ancient Greek sculpture sculpture and plastic plastic (eg Victor Victory y Paeoni Paeoniou ou Hermes Hermes of Praxit Praxitele eles, s, Aphrod Aphrodite ite of Milos, Milos, etc.). The marble of Naxos, which occurs mainly in the western part of the island, known in antiquity and in quality that rivaled the neighboring neighboring island of Paros. Used in large scale buildings buildings and sculptures of the holy places of Delos and Delphi, and the famous terrace of the lions of Delos is made of marble of Naxo Naxos. s. The The whit white e marb marble le of Thas Thasso sos s meta metamo morp rph hic ro rock cks s belonging to the unity Paggaio Rhodope mass covering most of the island. The systematic exploitation of marble began in the the earl early y 7th 7th cent centur ury. y. BC sett settle lers rs from from Paro Paros. s. Toda Today, y, the the marble of Thassos, mainly dolomitic marbles are in the north, is much in demand. Sifnos are no known minerals from prehistoric times and the impor mporttance ance of the the islan sland d was in great reat anti antiqu quit ity y, havin aving g functioned as a major mining centers argentiferous deposits of lead, zinc and copper. Today, despite the fact that the improved farming methods and scopes of metals and other minerals are increasing, sometimes the technical economic terms of the exploitation of resources, ie the conditions related to the composition, texture, stocks, and and transp transport ort the ore substa substanti ntiall ally y lessen lessen the potent potential ial exploitation in the Aegean. Explo xploit itab able le depos eposit its s are main mainlly indu indust stri rial al miner ineral als s and and aggregates, such as plaster of kaolin, the perlite of bentonite and others which are mined from various islands. Significant use is made and barite deposits (Milos, Mykonos) and iron (Serifos).
Here is a brief attempt to record the major deposits in the Aegean islands with reference to which has been found that this deposit. Paros, Paros, near Thapsana, Thapsana, encountered encountered significant significant hydrothermal hydrothermal manganese deposit genesis. Also in Apple, in Vani, manganese mineralization occurs associated with recent volcanic activity on the island. Baux auxite, which is the only ore fro rom m which alum luminum is rece receiv ived ed,, it appe appear ars s on smal smalll-sc scal ale e depo deposi sits ts in Amor Amorgo gos, s, Skopelos, southern Chios and Samos. Large deposits of gypsum found mainly in Crete (Sitia, Chania, Ierapetra, etc.) and sos, as well as Rhodes and Karpathos. Skyro Skyros s copp copper er mine minera rali liza zati tion on occur occurs s at an aver averag age e copp copper er content of about 6%. In various parts of the Aegean are found sedimentary deposits of organic origin, which is little known to the layman: Coal in Chio Chios, s, majo majorr lign lignit ite e depo deposi sits ts in Cret Crete, e, lign lignit ite e mino minorr Kos, Kos, Rhodes, Lesbos and Alonissos. Depo eposits sits resu result ltin ing g fro from chemi hemica call alte altera rattion ion and and quar quarry ry pro produ duct cts s are are foun found d on isla island nds s that that are are eith either er rece recent ntly ly or previo previousl usly y experie experience nced d strong strong volcan volcanic ic activi activity. ty. In this this part part perlite Milos and Kos. Coal deposits also exist in the glass Nisyros, Lesvos and Antiparos. Bentonite has been found in Milo Milos s and and Kimo Kimolo los, s, and and mino minorr depo deposi sits ts are are also also foun found d in Lesvos and Chios. These deposits formed by the alteration of volcanic rocks. The largest deposits of kaolin have been found in apple and view views s and and we have have isla island nds s of Lesv Lesvos os and and chal chalk. k. Pumi Pumice ce (pumice) and Theran land consists of pumice and volcanic ash found in the hunting. Theiochomata with a significant holding, as well as significant deposits of alunite (styptiriatis) are in App Apple le.. The The appe ppearan aranc ce of sulf sulfur ur is the resu result lt of inten ntense se hydrothermal hydrothermal activity activity that is active active today in the island. island. Seen in the the surf surfac ace e temp temper erat atur ure e meas measur urem emen ents ts that that are are clos close e to 100oC. In Naxos, as well as the nearby islands appear in this major reserves Emery. It is rich in corundum formation and transformation from old radiators karst bauxite. The bodies of emery are usually irregular lenticular shape and are within the marble metamorphic rock system of the island. The transformation of bauxite and the corresponding formation of Emery took place in two different metamorphic events listed for the island during the Eocene and Oligocene in the end, respec respectiv tively ely,, and were were greensc greenschis histt phase. phase. From From a chemic chemical al poi point nt of view view there here are thre three e types ypes of Naxos axos emery mery - the the
marketable type consists mainly of corundum and iron oxide and titanium (rutile, hematite, magnetite, ilmenite) and is rich in poor in Al2O3 and SiO2. Minor Minor chromit chromite e deposi deposits ts have have been been found found in Rhodes Rhodes,, while while sulphide deposits of nickel, copper and iron are in Skyros. Molybdenite is found in the village of the island alum, while the area of Achladeri Lesbos, in the ultramafic rocks of ophiolite cover the island, there Magnesite deposits (magnetite), which developed in the form of veins. As evidenced by abandoned tunn tunnel els s and and pile piles s of magn magnes esit ite e in the the area area were were expl exploi oite ted d previously for magnesite, used as feedstock for the production of synthet synthetic ic product products s of magnesi magnesium um metal metal and magnes magnesium ium,, and also uses the spread in all the building and metallurgical indu indust strie ries. s. The The magn magnes esit ite e veins veins occu occupyi pying ng br brit ittl tle e zone zones s of ultramafic rocks and derived from decomposition of serpentinite during metamorphic events. Views mixed sulfide ores galena, Sphalerite, pyrite found in many many isla island nds s of the the sout southe hern rn Aeg Aegean, ean, and and to Thas Thasos os and and Samothrace, without taking advantage of these. Thassos ore appears in the form of veins and pockets of relief and consists smisthoniti, imimorfiti, ydrozigkiti, Sphalerite, vourtsiti, galena, kerousiti, barytes and anglesiti. The quality of the ore varies. The content of zinc in local reaches very high values, up to 40% and lead as well as 26%. Manganiometallefmata there Lesvos, Samos, Ikaria, Paros and Antiparos. Major ore found at Thasos, Serifos and western Crete, while minor deposits are found in many islands of the Cyclades. Serifo Serifos s found found most most impres impressiv sive e skarn skarn type type minera mineraliz lizati ation on in Greece. This important show was formed by the infiltration of a magma agma body body (gra (grano nodi dior orit ite) e) in a seri serie es of meta metamo morp rph hic sedi sedime ment nts s (marm (marmar arygi ygiak akoi oi slat slates, es, marbl marbles es and and gnei gneiss sses) es),, causin causing g intens intense e contac contactt metamor metamorphi phism. sm. The The main main minera minerals ls foun found d in skar skarn n garn garnet ets s are are Serif Serifos, os, diop diopsi sidi dios os,, magn magnet etit ite, e, wollastonite and skapolithos. Of the metallic minerals in skarns of Serifos financial interest in the past showed that magnetite. Characteristic also is the existence of a form of quartz, green quartz (prasios), which is unique in Greece. Antimonite identified areas of Chios - more specifically in the village of Keramos have instances that have been exploited in the past. This vein type ore which consists of antimonite and quartz. Large deposits of barite are Milos, Kos, Kimolos, Mykonos and Dragonisi. Of those holding them is the island and the island. Asbestos found in Samos and Anafi. On the northern northern island of Lesbos, Lesbos, in volcanic volcanic rocks developed developed
a system of quartz veins, which hosts an epithermal gold and silv silver er miner mineral aliz izati ation on.. In thes these e area areas s took took plac place e durin during g the the Byzantine era limited exploitation of base metals, particularly lead, zinc and copper mineralization associated with gold and silver, as evidenced by some abandoned tunnels. Also on the west side of Thassos found deposits of lead and zinc in the northeastern and eastern sides of gold deposits. The seabed of the Aegean remains relatively unexplored and unknown, except the oil wealth opportunities in minerals and useful materials. Since 1938, when it began oil exploration in the Aegean have been several successful efforts to date only in rega regard rd to the the possi possibi bilit litie ies s of work workin ing g in this this area area sout south h of Prinos Kavala. 2. 2.
Biogeography 1.
of
Aegean Flora
With regard to the biogeography of the Aegean, noted that the largest extent of the Aegean islands and the coast of mainland Greece are covered by Mediterranean ecosystems, and maquis shrubland, with special and typical Mediterranean plants are adapted to long periods of drought, low winter temperatures in the brief period of rain to bright sunshine in shallow soil and in man. The The maqu maquis is veget vegetat ation ion is a dense dense and and almo almost st impen impenet etrab rable le fore forest st of tall all shru shrubs bs and and smal smalll tree trees, s, domi domina nate ted d by holm holm Quercus Quercus coccifera coccifera L., Phillyrea Phillyrea latifolia to fyllirea fyllirea and Phillyrea Phillyrea media L., the kokorevythia Pistacia terebinthus L. P. lentiscus and and Pist Pistac acia ia lent lentisc iscus us.. Where Where soil soils s are are poor poorer er and and there there is inte inten nse graz razing ing meet eet the the fir firewoo ewood d which hich was was nam named by Theophrastus. Many of these species are aromatic and each has has a smell smell like like thym thyme, e, sage, sage, or oreg egan ano, o, wild wild laven lavende der, r, etc. etc. In ano another larg rge e perce rcentage of the isla slands covered red by agric ricultural ecosyste stems, natural terrestri stria al or aquatic atic ecosystems in which humans act, or by cultivating the land groves, vineyards, pastures with bushes, arable (= plow tillage) crop crops s such such as gr gran anar arie ies, s, vege vegeta tabl bles es,, pota potato toes es etc. etc. or by grazi gr azing ng.. A smal smaller ler perc percen enta tage ge of pine pine foun found d in coni conife ferou rous s trees, such as various species of pine, cypress and cedar for the area. Sometimes in areas where conifers are widely found toas toastt or maqu maquis is.. Less Less comm common only ly enco encoun unte tere red d terr terres estr tria ial l wetl wetland ands s stre stream ams, s, rive rivers rs,, lake lakes, s, swam swamps ps with with armyr armyrit ithr hres, es, reeds, rushes, trees, willows and among the plants are insects, molluscs (worms, shellfish, etc.), crustaceans (crabs, shrimp), fish, reptiles, mammals and numerous birds. The birds that
visit the wetlands, because because of abundant food, nesting sites for rest and may be permanent or passing migrants. Many of these birds are rare or protected species. Along the streams formed more dense vegetation and paracheimarria features hydrophilic plants dominate in the formation, as osier Vitex agnus - castus, the oleander Nerium oleader, and blackberry- padded padded Rudus Rudus frutic fruticosu osus, s, plane plane Platan Platanus us orienta orientalis lis,, poplar poplar Populus sp., ivy Hedera helix, myrtle Myrtus communis, etc. Important ecosystems are also the coast. Sometimes where there are sandy particular conditions of salinity, temperature and humidity, and and star starri rin ng shr shrubs or herb rbs s Sali alicorn rniia europaea, Suaeda maritima, Salsola soda, Spergularia marina, Aste Asterr trip tripol oliu ium, m, Poly Polypo pogo gon n mons monspel pelie iens nsis is,, Limo Limoni nium um sp., sp., Horde Hordeum um marin marinum um,, Atrip Atriple lex x hasta hastata ta,, Eryn Eryngi gium um marit maritim imum um,, Cynodon dactylon etc. and often adapted to these conditions and and many many other other rare rare and and ende endemic mic spec specie ies. s. Some Someti time mes s the the coast is rocky and the cliffs rise several meters above the sea. The lack of land, increased salinity and isolation create special condi onditi tion ons s for for plan plantts and anima nimals ls.. In this his cat categor egory, y, and numerous islets. In these areas meet the chasmophytes grown in cavities of rocks which held the minimum ground. Also in the cliffs many species nesting raptors such as hawks, eagles, etc. etc. and and seab seabird irds s that that need need ru rugg gged ed and isol isolate ated d place places s for for nesting and high places to help find food. 2. 2. Fauna As for the fauna of the Aegean meet terrestrial mammals: - Carnivores such as fox, marten, weasel, badger, otter, etc. - Artiodactyla such as deer, wild goat, wild goats, wild boar - Insectivores such as hedgehogs, shrew, mole Lagomorphs such as rabbits and hares - Rodents like squirrels, mice, rats, moles, etc. Bats Ecosystems mentioned above many living birds of prey, grain- eatin ating, g, wader aders, s, etc. etc.,, whil while e the the islan sland ds are are chan channe nells for for relaxation of migratory birds. Amphibians and reptiles are an important part of the fauna in the region and include toads, pilova pilovates tes,, frogs, frogs, salama salamander nders, s, newts, newts, snakes snakes,, lizard lizards, s, etc. The waters of the Aegean sea are generally poor in a variety of animals, but still found both species in the Mediterranean and Black Black Sea, Sea, the Red and Indian Ocean. Ocean. Record Recorded ed 447 specie species s and thousands of species of other organisms such as starfish, sea ur urch chin ins, s, clam clams, s, muss musse els, ls, oyst oyste ers. rs. Also Also reco record rded ed 15 species of marine mammals such as seals, dolphins, whales. The geographic location, climate and wide variety of habitats in
the Aegean compose the character of the fauna, characterized by high biodiversity
Natural
History
Collection
Vrissa
The region-Vatera Vrisa fortunate enough to host some of the territory from from the the most most impr impres essi sive ve anim animal al,, pale paleon onto tolo logi gica call find finds s hav have been been disc discov over ere ed in Euro Europe pe,, thus thus tran transf sfor orm ming ing the isl island and of Lesv Lesvos os,, in conj conjun unct ctio ion n with with worl world d reno renown wned ed foss fossilil fore forest st Sigr Sigrii an indi indisp spens ensab able le destination for fans not only of Natural History. View photos Excavations
from
the and
Collection. Museum
Fossils in Vatera come to light in 1980 after a small-scale excavations carried out by Professor of Geology and Paleontology, National University of Athens profits. D. Dermit Dermitzak zakis. is. Severa Severall years years later, later, severa severall reside residents nts of the area area is discov discovere ered d in some some rural rural locati locations ons many many fossil fossils. s. So begin begins s the 1997 1997 regula regularr palaeo palaeonto ntolog logica icall research and excavations across the region. To carry out the excavation and stud of fossils together the team of the University of Athens under the supervision o Prof. Dermitzaki an international group of paleontologists. The University of Athens, thus helping to develop tourism in the region and largel contributing to environmental awareness among visitors proceeded to create a local
Natural History Collection at the former girls' school in Vrissa, allocated for this purpos purpose e by the munici municipal pality ity Polich Polichnit nitos os Lesbos Lesbos . The inaugu inaugurat ration ion took took place place in September 1999 and so far has received positive response and enthusiasm on the part part of reside residents nts.. Person Person appoin appointed ted becaus because e of his huge huge contr contribu ibutio tion, n, the tuto tuto Physics, Mr. Constantine. Journey. The Natural History Collection Vrissa include vertebrate and invertebrate fossils foun found d in the the area area,, samp sample les s of mine minera rals ls,, rock rocks s and and mine minera rals ls of the the isla island nd,, Department of Zoology, with typical species of the fauna of the island, and part botanical specimens in modern and fossilized flora of that region. Cert Certai ain n of thes these e foss fossilils s have have been been sele select cted ed to creat create e the the expos exposur ure e of foss fossilil vertebrates vertebrates,, which is organized organized so that the visitor visitor gets a general impression impression of the kinds of animals lived in the area before 2 million years. Representative samples are are monk monkey eys, s, hors horses es,, carn carniv ivor ores es,, deer deer and and catt cattle le,, rhi rhinos nos and and gira giraff ffes es,, the the proboscides and turtles. Thus, the study findings of fossilized fauna Vatera obtained interesting conclusions regarding the age of the fauna, the reasons for the disappearance of nykterefton and giant turtles and the way of walking paradolichopi paradolichopithiko thikou. u. The study of skeletal skeletal material from Vatera paradolichopithikou will help to better understand how the primate gait and contribute substantially to the scientific study and research on the origins of man. The goal now is to build a new Museum of Natural History in Vrisa, which will be housed and Annex University of Athens, which will be used u sed both for further highlight the findings and scientific research on them. This enormous for the region, a project initiated by the Prefecture of Lesvos and an impetus for growth throughout the southern island. Withi ithin n the the Gulf Gulf of Kall Kallon oni, i, Agia Agia Para Parask skev evi, i, Klop Kloped edii in plac place e are are the the ruin ruins s o buildings, wind speed (6th century BC), unique in Greece. Close to Agia Paraskevi excavations revealed the ruins of the ancient temple of instruments belonging to the 3rd BC century. It is assumed that there was a sanctuary in which when I first came the the Acha Achaea eans ns,, hav have esta establ blis ishe hed d joint oint wors worshi hip p thr three gods gods,, Zeus Zeus,, Hera Hera and and Dionysos. There is, and the famous' Bull Festival. Three miles northwest of St. Paraskevi survives in very good condition, the bridge of Kremasti, a medieval arched bridge built by Gatelouzon (Genoese), who ruled the island for the period 1355-1432. For the construction of materials from the ancient temple of Klopedi the church of St. Therapontas. The legend of the bridge of Arta repeated at this bridge - even the locals show the exact point at which it is built, the wife of the bridge collapsing Kremasti: a flat white plate on top with a small incised cross
H Eressos the western part of the island is home to the "tenth muse" of Sappho, and the naturalist Theophrastus. A physical visit to the Petrified Forest, near Sigri the huge petrified trees following volcanic eruptions over several million years, but the Geopark Natural History Museum of the Petrified Forest, with rare fossils of plants and volcanic rocks. The spectacle will leave you speechless
At Molyvos (Mythimna or), where a Byzantine castle overlooks the 14th century, we will enjoy the typical oriental architecture. Here was born poet Alcaeus and-said-buried Patroclus. In Eftalou will see the home of writer Elias Venezis and the grave of poet Argyris Eftalioti. East of Mythimna "perched" on the rocks is the traditional village of Sykamnias with beautiful public fountains, and magnificent views of the Aegean Sea and a nd Asia Minor. There he saved the home of writer Stratis Myrivili. In Mantamado is one of the most important shrines of the island, the Monastery of the Archangel ", the protector of the island, with its unique tactile image Taxiarches Michael. Take a walk in the village, famous for its pottery is worthwhile. But summer is bathrooms bathrooms do! Countless Countless are the beaches and the choices choices you offe offer: r: Xara Xarami mida da near near Myti Mytile lene ne,, Ther Thermi mi in Cann Cannon on,, the the Tson Tsoniia Mant Mantam amad ado, o, Ston Stone, e, Phan Phaner erom omen ene e Sigr Sigri, i, Skal Skala a Eres Eress sos, os, the the sand sandy y beaches of Bateron in length and 8 km width from 10 to 30 measures Beach Eftalou in Molyvos, the incomparable beauty Tarti beach in the Gulf of Gera and San Isidoros Plomari. Good diving! A walk to museums * Archaeological Museum: In the old building out figurines, pottery and jewelry from the prehistoric to Roman times, while the premises and the yard will find unique wind capitals of temples Clopedi, great markings, insc inscri ripti ptions ons,, reli reliefs efs,, stat statues ues and and coin coins s . Just Just abov above e the the old, old, the the new new building of the Archaeological Museum houses the permanent exhibition "Lesvos from the Hellenistic to the Roman era" with mosaic floors and frescoes from the luxurious Roman villas of Mytilene from the 2nd century BC * Theophilos Museum: It was erected in 1964 in a suburb of Mytilene, the Vari Varia, a, wher where e he was was bor born and and spen spentt his his chil childh dhoo ood d pop pop arti artist st at the the expense of Stratis Teriade, who in 1965 donated to the municipality of Mytilene, with 86 tables Theophilos from his private collection. Built Mytilini stone-colored pomegranate slain, that fits perfectly with the deep grove that surrounds it. In the four halls will see works of Theophilus with themes from history, mythology and folklore. * Museum of Modern Art Teriade: Next to the Museum of Theophilos is the famous Museum-Library Teriade. The famous critic Stratis EleftheriadesTeriade (1889-1983) bequeathed to his hometown (for the establishment
of the Museum) called Great Books, a product of "collaboration" with the leading artists of the 20th century. * Byzantine Ecclesiastical Museum of Mytilene: You'll find it opposite the churc hurch h of Sai Saint Thera herap pon in the the hear heartt of the city city,, and and in this this oututembr embroi oide dere red d vest vestme ment nts, s, book books s, inc incunab unabul ula, a, chur church ch uten utensi sils ls,, etc. etc. * Vrissa Natural History Collection: Here you will find fossils of vertebrate and invertebrate samples of minerals, rocks and minerals of the island. Among Among the finding findings s distin distingui guish sh bones bones from from rhinos rhinos,, camels camels,, antelo antelopes pes,, gazelles, elephants and turtles shells reach a length of 2.5 meters!
