ZTE CDMA Radio Network Optimization Proposal_R1[1].2_EN.doc

ZTE CDMA Radio Network Optimization Proposal

Operator Logo ZTE CDMA Radio Network Optimization Proposal

ZTE corporation

ZTE Confidential Proprietary

© 2017 ZTE CORPORATION. All rights reserved.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 1.1 1.2

Overview...........................................................................................................2 Abstract..............................................................................................................2 Customer Benefit...............................................................................................4

2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.4 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.5 2.4.6 2.4.7 2.4.8 2.4.9 2.5 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.6 2.7 2.7.1 2.7.2 2.7.3 2.8 2.8.1 2.8.2 2.8.3 2.8.4 2.9

Service Contents Introduction........................................................................4 Network Audit Service........................................................................................5 Single Site Check............................................................................................... System Hardware Health Check........................................................................ System Parameters Health Check................................................................... System Performance Check............................................................................ Network performance evaluation service.........................................................14 DT and CQT Evaluation................................................................................... OMC and NetMAX-C Performance evaluation................................................. Network Performance Management.................................................................19 Daily Performance Management work............................................................. Weekly Performance Management work.......................................................... Monthly Performance Management work......................................................... Network Performance Improvement.................................................................32 Resource Balance Analysis and Optimization.................................................. Elaborate Neighbor List Optimization............................................................... Elaborate PN Optimization............................................................................... Cell Coverage Optimization with GIS............................................................... Special Topic for Access Success Rate Optimization....................................... Special Topic for Call Drop Rate Optimization.................................................. Special Topic for Handoff Optimization............................................................. Special Topic for Multi-carrier Handoff Optimization......................................... Service Bearer Ability Analysis for Wireless Network....................................... Drive Testing Service.......................................................................................58 DT and CQT..................................................................................................... Adjustment, implement and validation.............................................................. Trouble Shooting and Complaints Analysis......................................................59 Intelligent Optimization Service........................................................................61 Intelligent Coverage Optimization Based on the CDT and ACP....................... Intelligent Coverage Optimization Based on the NetMAX-C and T-Phone....... Indoor Coverage Optimization Based on the NetMAX-C and Gecko............... Special Optimization Service...........................................................................65 The Evaluation System of 1X Subscriber’s QoE.............................................. The Evaluation System of EVDO Subscriber’s QoE........................................ Special Topics for EVDO Optimization............................................................. VIP Districts Optimization................................................................................. Optimization Service Reports List....................................................................75

3 3.1 3.2 3.3

Organization...................................................................................................76 Organization Principle......................................................................................76 Organization Structure.....................................................................................77 Position Definition............................................................................................78



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3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5 3.3.6 3.3.7

Project Manager............................................................................................... Network Optimization Manager........................................................................ System Engineer.............................................................................................. Network Optimization Engineer........................................................................ BSS Engineer.................................................................................................. Test Engineer................................................................................................... Support staff.....................................................................................................

4

Project Report Mechanisms..........................................................................81

5 5.1 5.2 5.3

Service Work Flow.........................................................................................81 Project Preparation..........................................................................................82 Performance Test.............................................................................................84 Optimization Implement...................................................................................86

6 6.1 6.2

Service Requirements and Range................................................................88 Equipment requirements..................................................................................88 Document Requirements.................................................................................89

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Responsibility Matrix.....................................................................................89

8 8.1 8.2 8.3

Resource Requirements and Configuration................................................93 Human resources requirement and configuration............................................93 Equipment resource requirement and configuration.........................................94 Other Configuration..........................................................................................95

FIGURES Figure 2-1 Flow chart of single site check...............................................................................6 Figure 2-2 Flow chart of system hardware health check.........................................................9 Figure 2-3 Flow chart of system parameters health check....................................................11 Figure 2-4 Flow chart of system performance check............................................................13 Figure 2-5 Flow of DT and CQT evaluation...........................................................................15 Figure 2-6 Flow chart of OMC and NetMAX-C evaluation.....................................................18 Figure 2-7 Flow chart of network performance monitoring....................................................20 Figure 2-8 Flow chart of TOP N analysis..............................................................................21 Figure 2-9 Flow chart of customers’ complaints handling.....................................................23 Figure 2-10 Flow chart of network malfunction check...........................................................24 Figure 2-11 Flow chart of New Site and Expansion Site Optimization...................................26 Figure 2-12 Flow chart of VIP area communication support.................................................29 Figure 2-13 Flow chart of network performance analysis and suggestions...........................31 Figure 2-14 Flow chart of resource balance analysis and optimization.................................33



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Figure 2-15 Diagram of one-way issues...............................................................................35 Figure 2-16 Diagram of two-way issues................................................................................35 Figure 2-17 Flow chart of neighbor list optimization..............................................................38 Figure 2-18 Flow chart of PN optimization............................................................................41 Figure 2-19 Overshooting analysis based on NetMAX-C......................................................43 Figure 2-20 GIS analysis of overshooting based on NetMAX-C...........................................43 Figure 2-21 Pilot pollution analysis by NetMAX-C.................................................................44 Figure 2-22 GIS analysis of pilot pollution based on NetMAX-C...........................................44 Figure 2-23 Weak coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C..................................................45 Figure 2-24 GIS analysis of weak coverage based on NetMAX-C........................................45 Figure 2-25 “Indoor or corner” drop analysis based on NetMAX-C.......................................46 Figure 2-26 GIS analysis of “indoor or corner” issues based on NetMAX-C.........................46 Figure 2-27 Flow chart of cell coverage optimization based on NetMAX-C...........................47 Figure 2-28 Flow chart of access success rate optimization based on NetMAX-C...............49 Figure 2-29 Call drop reason analysis based on NetMAX-C.................................................50 Figure 2-30 Call drop analysis based on NetMAX-C.............................................................50 Figure 2-31 Flow chart of call drop rate optimization based on NetMAX-C...........................51 Figure 2-32 Cell handoff analysis based on NetMAX-C........................................................53 Figure 2-33 Carrier neighbor list match rate analysis based on NetMAX-C..........................54 Figure 2-34 Flow chart of handoff optimization.....................................................................55 Figure 2-35 Flow chart of Multi-carrier Handoff Optimization................................................57 Figure 2-36 Intelligent analysis users’ complaints based on NetMAX-C...............................60 Figure 2-40 Intelligent Coverage Optimization Based on the CDT and ACP.........................62 Figure 2-37 1X network coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C..........................................62 Figure 2-38 DO network coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C.........................................63 Figure 2-39 Intelligent coverage optimization based on the NetMAX-C and T-Phone...........64 Figure 2-41 Indoor Coverage Optimization Based on the NetMAX-C and Gecko.................65 Figure 2-42 CDF of voice user’s QoE...................................................................................66 Figure 2-43 Diagram of pre-warning users’ QoE optimization...............................................66 Figure 2-44 Call drop analysis for QoE optimization.............................................................67 Figure 2-45 VIP users’ QoE distribution................................................................................68 Figure 2-46 Procedure of service classification and QoE evaluation....................................69 Figure 2-47 EVDO cell coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C...........................................71 Figure 2-48 EVDO cell capacity analysis based on NetMAX-C............................................72 Figure 2-49 Abis link capacity analysis based on NetMAX-C................................................73



IV


Figure 2-50 VIP areas traffic district based on NetMAX-C....................................................74 Figure 2-51 Diagram of high precision map..........................................................................74 Figure 2-52 Cell coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C.....................................................75 Figure 3-1 Optimization project team structure.....................................................................78 Figure 5-1 Radio network optimization basic flow.................................................................82

TABLES Table 2-1 Rank of 1X subscriber’s QoE................................................................................65 Table 2-2 EVDO service classification..................................................................................68 Table 2-3 Optimization service report list..............................................................................75 Table 7-1 Responsibility Matrix.............................................................................................90 Table 8-1 Project human resources requirement and configuration condition.......................93 Table 8-2 Project equipment requirement and configuration condition..................................94



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1 Overview 1.1 Abstract This technical proposal is written for the telecom operator, which includes all detailed services, procedures, optimization suggestion for key KPIs, organization, resource (human & tools) and time schedule during network optimization. By going through this paper as well as the coming details of discussion between the telecom operator and ZTE, the telecom operator shall understand what and how are such Services carried out by ZTE. As always committed, we ZTE definitely do all of our best for providing bestin-class Services for the telecom operator. ZTE insists the ideal of giving the best resource to customer all the time. In the practice of optimization work in service areas, ZTE establishes 2 ideals with “Enhance and Deepen” gradually. There are Enhance the efficiency of basic optimization and Deepen performance optimization level. Providing expert level technical support, keeping network quality and in forefront of peers is our service tenet. Network optimization cooperation mode which is closely cooperated and mutually integrated can push optimization result more rapidly and efficiently. We will have seven kinds of measures to ensure optimal results.

Typical

Industry

Applications

Comprehensive

application

of

various

industries Focusing on small flow with regular online and Police link (Reverse video upload) and other hot industry issues currently, our company organizes the expert team and focuses on the special topic research, achieve industry users requirements.

Powerful optimization tools Strong Optimization support Our network optimization applied to the NetMAX-C network optimization system has industry-leading optimization analysis capabilities, can track a single user, rendering Coverage area and other powerful analysis capabilities, Combined with a rich network of



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excellent engineers, network optimization experience, the perfect combination of support can play a strong network optimization.

Excavate Network hidden trouble Ensure development of the network stably Through the system hardware check and End to end thematic analysis, excavating of hidden problems that exist in the network to identify resource bottleneck, lay a solid basis for stable development of Network in the future.

Enhance the user experience User scenario optimization Network optimization and user experience will be combined to enhance the user perception as a core objective of network optimization, from the user using the mobile Internet in a typical region of poor business sense of the starting scene, and explore options for our customers to enhance business awareness, through the comparison before and after optimization effectively improve the user experience, and process guidance to deal with the problem daily network optimization and reduce customer complaints; KPI while upgrading the network, improve the overall user experience, shape the industry brand.

Rationalize the network optimization process Guide the daily network optimization In the joint network optimization process, the ZTE network and customer optimization engineers to explore together, to rationalize the daily process of network optimization, network optimization routine used in the future.

Establish network optimization case database Strengthen the knowledgesharing Typical scenarios of typical cases of complaints and handling, processing and output approach to technical documentation, and technical documents to the classification, establish network optimization

case database, and gradually extended to the case

database worldwide, strengthen the knowledge Share degrees.

Terminal Potential Analysis Ensure the network support



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The terminal and wireless network support business development in close connection with up to support operators finish front-end service the full-analysis, summary and analysis of processes, play on other business areas of guidance, promotion function, Close to background and front-end linked to the wireless network to full load from the front-end business.

1.2 Customer Benefit The services will bring the following benefits to the telecom operator: 1.

Preventive and daily optimization solution to maintain the network stability

2.

Professional solutions to solve the network puzzles

3.

QoE oriented optimization to increase users’ perception of the network and network operating revenue.

4.

Proactive optimization solution with NetMAX supported can improve the network optimization efficiency and reduce the operational cost. NetMAX can store the CDT file reported by MS and thus greatly reduce the DT/CQT.

5.

In-depth optimization of the entire network coverage and a panoramic geographic view with NetMAX supported. With massive data about the entire network and rich experiences of ZTE's engineers, it will effectively optimize the coverage in areas beyond the reach of traditional DTs, such as the indoor coverage (in the office or residential house) and other non-road importance scenarios, so as to improve the overall performance of the entire network and show the change in a vivid way.

2 Service Contents Introduction ZTE provides a complete suite of full lifecycle and tailor-made service solutions, including Network Audit Service, Network Performance Management Service and Network Performance Improvement Service with self developed competitive tools.



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As a periodical and mandatory work, Network Audit Service include system hardware health check, system parameters health check and system performance check which will help to reduce the risk the system degrading and damage and pave the way for the network performance management. Network Performance Management Service will help you to achieve the network performance stability by monitoring and analysis of the network as daily basis during service duration. End user satisfaction and quality of experience oriented, Network Performance Improvement Service will maximum your network performance and your revenue. Intelligent Optimization Service will help you to analysis and optimize the coverage which cannot be known from DT. It will reduce the DT/CQT, RF optimization cycle, and it provides the quick solution of indoor coverage. Special Optimization Service provides the QoE evaluation, VIP analysis and optimization, and some special topics.

2.1 Network Audit Service Network‘s basic health refers to the hardware and parameter configuration of communication system and the reasonable indicators, impact resistance, sustainability of network performance. As the network elements aren’t built at the same time, maybe the project lasts for a long period of time formed by different agencies or engineers. The perspective is different in different periods and institutions in the network design phase, therefore it’s likely to result in the confusion of network design which will bring the network’s basic health issues.

2.1.1 Single Site Check 

Description

Before network commissioning, the network have been checked carefully to ensure the normal work of each single site. And before network optimization, in order to prevent



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problem single site from affecting the whole network performance and network optimization process, it still needs to choose some from all the sites in the network to verify whether the site engineering quality can satisfy the network operation. The ACP needs accuracy site information. So the site check will be very important to the radio frequency optimization. During the single site check stage, it mainly needs to check whether the site RF parameters accord with its designed values, and whether there exist serious alarms, whether the single site can work normally, etc. 

Flow

Figure 2-1 Flow chart of single site check



Deliverables



10


NO.

Description

Content

1

The Single Site Check Plan

Plan and check items

2

The Single Site Check Report for

Parameters and alarms check on OMC

XX Service Area

Antenna and cabling system check Site performance check

2.1.2 System Hardware Health Check 

Description

Reasonable network topology: according to the traffic distribution of existing network, traffic migration law and topography, site topology checking reports are given. Traffic and capacity analysis: BSC capacity analysis, including a variety of signal processing board and resources for capacity and load analysis of plate, for example, SDU / CMP / SE / VE and other boards; capacity and load analysis of base stations and cell , including the traffic, CE, transmit power, soft handoff factor, multi-carrier traffic balance and the base station board's CPU load; interface capacity and load testing, including Abis, A8/A9, and other devices interface and internal interface devices. According to the current network's traffic situation and the prediction of future development, the analysis reports about BSS, base station, cell, and a variety of interfaces and load capacity will be given to find out the bottlenecks of network capacity for optimization and expansion proposal. Alarm management ： ZTE's OMC offers a variety of alarm function and alarm box functions, through the alarm information; we can clean up the hardware issues, solve network problems, and reduce network risks. Invisible board trouble checking: the invisible trouble of some boards and elements will not be reflected in the alarm management interface so we need manual screening and testing to find out it. For example, a CE unit is not working properly; all calls assigned to the CE will be failure. The unit's task is to find these hidden faults, and gives summary reports.



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ZTE's hardware health check service can help remove the hidden network hardware troubles and supply optimization and expansion of recommendations to meet the requirements of existing and future development of the resource bottleneck to ensure the healthy development of the network, satisfy the telecom operator’ s requirements about health checks from traffic to capacity. 

Flow

Figure 2-2 Flow chart of system hardware health check



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

Deliverables NO.

1

2

Description

Content

System Hardware Health

Scheme and contents of hardware health

Check Plan

check

System Hardware Health

Traffic and capacity analysis

Check Report

Alarm management Invisible board trouble checking



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2.1.3 System Parameters Health Check 

Description

System parameters can be divided into several categories as global level, cell level, carrier level according to the location, ranging from large to small impact. It can also be divided into RF parameters and BSS parameters based on the objects. ZTE provides professional parameters checking tools, making strict security range check and logic check of RF and BSS parameters, output the unreasonable parameters list and add detailed explanation of parameters in the checking reports. The parameters checking tools have realized the fixed checking rules such as BASEID configuration check, Lac and Reg_zone consistency check, the registration period check, PN check, carrier power configuration check. In parameters checking tools, we can customize parameters checking rules on-demand, filter and output the parameters which do not meet the rules. So it is easy to realize RF and BSS parameters overall checks. In general, the parameters of cell level and carrier level can more easily make error. So we should check these parameters according to the network design topology structure such as PN, link cell configuration, cell radius and search window. ZTE parameters checking tools can satisfy the telecom operator parameters check requirements. According to the health checks of network wireless parameters, it can discover the unreasonable parameters and provide some helpful suggestion for network healthy development. 

Flow

Figure 2-3 Flow chart of system parameters health check



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Deliverables



NO. 1

Description

Content

System Parameters Health

Scheme and contents of parameters health

Check Plan

check

2

Improper Parameters list

Improper Parameters list

3

System Parameters Health

Global/BTS/CELL/Carrier parameters check

Check Report

result



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NO.

Description

Content Parameters modify list

2.1.4 System Performance Check 

Description

OMC's raw performance data records all aspects of 1x and DO network performance data such as traffic, mobility, call, handoff, failure reasons, access and paging channels, a variety of interfaces, radio frequency systems, single board CPU, etc. It’s the foundation of network performance monitoring. CNO2 provides a platform which is more convenient to analysis and monitor performance data. With the platform, it’s easily to carry out the monitoring and analysis of access, call drop, handoff in BSS, and handoff between BSS, RSSI and a variety of channel performance. Through the feedback data of network from engineer in front, the team of network optimization experts behind can not only provide superior network performance evaluation, but also supply performance evaluation for a single user. It’s a full track for user perception. OMC and CNO2 provide a comprehensive network evaluation system with which you can monitor and analysis the network performance to identify the lack of KPI for optimization so as to enhance the whole network performance to satisfy the telecom operator’s performance parameter inspection and optimization requirements. 

Flow

Figure 2-4 Flow chart of system performance check



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

Deliverables NO.

1

2

Description

Content

System Performance

Scheme and contents of performance

Check Plan

check

System Performance

BSC/BTS/CELL resource analysis

Check Report

Important KPI analysis Other important performance analysis, such as RSSI



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2.2 Network performance evaluation service You can understand the overall performance of local networks and the problems that may exist in some regions from test evaluation report. Test evaluation report includes the following elements:

2.2.1 DT and CQT Evaluation 

Description

DT/CQT test can be classified into major road tests in urban and non-urban areas; major roads generally include highways, national highways, provincial roads, railways and some important buildings. Through DT/CQT test, we can know the coverage and performance of these places. The main indicators of DT/CQT are： 1.

Forward link Received Power Distribution map and Coverage Statistics (Percentage

of different received power level) 2.

Uplink Required Mobile Station Transmit Power Distribution map and Coverage

Statistics (Percentage of different Mobile Station Transmit Power level) 3.

Forward link Pilot Ec/Io Distribution map and Coverage Statistics (Percentage of

different Pilot Ec/Io level) 4.

Forward link FER Distribution Legend and Coverage Statistics (Percentage of

different FER level) 5.

The statistic of the network KPI (include: No. of calls initiated by user, No. of call

setup success, No. of call setup failure, No. of drop call) 6.

The map of actual test dropped calls

7.

The map of pilot pollution

8.

The evaluating map for VIP area



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9.

The map of coverage hole

10. The description and analysis that network are existing specific problem 

Flow

Figure 2-5 Flow of DT and CQT evaluation



Deliverables



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NO. 1

Description

Content

DT and CQT Network Evaluation



the main DT map as described above

Report



the static of coverage, CSSR, CDR, HOSR, etc



abnormal events analysis

2.2.2 OMC and NetMAX-C Performance evaluation 

Description

ZTE have two methods to evaluate the network performance： 1.

Regular Evaluation

It aims to provide a basis evaluation to the overall network performance, based on the collection and analysis of the overall network KPI by OMC data. 2.

NetMAX-C-based Network Evaluation

NetMAX-C-based network evaluation is a process to evaluate indicators at both network and cell levels with CDT (call detail tracing) analysis tools, through collecting all CDT data reported by end-users within the network. The indicators evaluated involve mainly network coverage, quality, and interference, etc. They help network engineers to locate existing network problems exactly, providing an accurate basis for network planning and optimization. The main contents are： i.

1X: Call Setup Success Rate

ii.

1X: Voice Call Blocking Rate

iii.

1X: CS Radio Drop Rate

iv.

1X: Voice Soft Handoff Success Rate

v.

1X: Carrier Neighbor Matching Rate

vi.

1X: Ec/Io Distribution



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vii.

1X: Pilot Distribution

viii. 1X: PS Call Success Rate ix.

DO: Global Radio Net Connection Successful Rate

x.

DO: Global Radio Drop Rate

xi.

Forward RLP Data ReTransmission Rate

xii.

DO: Global Soft Handoff Success Rate

xiii. DO: Global Session Setup Success Rate 

Flow

Figure 2-6 Flow chart of OMC and NetMAX-C evaluation



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

Deliverables

NO. 1

Description Network Evaluation based on OMC

Content KPI analysis and evaluation, problem analysis, etc

2

Network Evaluation based on

KPI analysis

NetMAX-C

Carrier Neighbor Matching Rate Access Ec/Io and Pilot Distribution, etc



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2.3 Network Performance Management 2.3.1 Daily Performance Management work 2.3.1.1 Network performance monitoring service 

Description

Daily monitoring of the OMC，and real-time tracking the KPI indicator of network, these indicators include the BSC and cell's traffic, access success rate , call drop rate, handoff success rate . Through the analysis of abnormal indicators, network hardware and software problems, RF problems and parameter problem can be detected timely, the relevant solution and methods are given timely. We try to be the first to discover the problem and the first to solve the problem. ZTE provides CNO2, which is a KPI statistics and analysis tool of professional network element level. Using this tool,

the efficiency of the daily network optimization can be

greatly improved through real-time statistics and analysis of KPI based on the daily Network optimization needs. Based on the returned data, our team of network optimization experts can show the key indicators, such as traffic, access failures, dropped calls, call time in the GIS ，and can know and analyze the network performance timely and accurately, so as to guide the optimization. The requirements of the telecom operator can be satisfied well through the long-term monitoring of network performance in the service period using performance monitoring tools such as OMC, CNO2, and submitting network performance monitoring report to the telecom operator according to the required time. 

Flow

Figure 2-7 Flow chart of network performance monitoring



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

Deliverables

NO.

Description

1

KPI indicators monitoring template

2

KPI Monitoring and Analysis Report

Content

KPI list and abnormal KPI analysis

2.3.1.2 TOP N Analysis 

Description

Through OMC statistical analysis and TOP N analysis about cell(such as access failures, call drops, handoff, prior to the retransmission rate), network optimization engineers analyze and optimize in-depth, to explore the hidden problems in network and give solutions to

the common problems, so as to ensure the healthy operation of the

network.



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Through NetMAX-C statistical analysis and TOP N analysis, we can know the problems met by VIP users and all network users; we optimize the user experience while optimizing the hidden problem in network. 

Flow

Figure 2-8 Flow chart of TOP N analysis



25




Deliverables NO.

Description

1

TOP N Cell List

2

Work Order Parameters to modify records

3

TOP N Cell Handling Report

2.3.1.3 Deal with Customer’s Complaint 

Description

Customer’s complaint is the most direct reflection of network problem, customer will complain to Customer Service Center if they get any communication problem with Network (such as call failure, call drop, poor voice quality etc.). Complaint sheet must include the following content: customer’s name, contact, handphone type, call type, opposite’s number and handphone type, where, when, description about the problem. After receiving complaint, Customer Service Center will filter it and forward complaint sheet which is belong to Optimization Side to RF team. RF team will visit customer by phone or person to collect information about complaint. Analyze the problem, if the problem is caused in RF side, RF team will test in problem area, analyze the data, and export a plan to solve it. If the problem is not caused by RF side, forward it to other team and assist them to solve it. In order to ensure that network performs steadily during heavy traffic time, such as conference period, tour midseason, etc, emergent test and capacity expansion should be done because of heavy traffic. The purpose of test is to make sure that hardware works well and the signal strength in VIP area is strong. The method of capacity expansion includes adding new carrier and communication vehicle. 

Flow

Figure 2-9 Flow chart of customers’ complaints handling



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

Deliverables

NO.

Description

Content

1

Customer Complaint Record

detail of complaint

2

Track Report of Customer Complaint

analysis process and conclusion

Handling

2.3.1.4 Network Malfunction Check 

Description



27


Hardware fault check is an important work of daily maintenance. Because hardware fault degrades network performance and worsens customer experience severely, BSS engineers will continuously monitor background alarms, and then they distribute the alarms to maintenance engineers, and analyze performance improvement after the hardware fault is solved. Also, Optimization engineer and test engineers will assist the test after the hardware trouble is eliminated if necessary. 

Flow

Figure 2-10 Flow chart of network malfunction check



Deliverables



28


NO.

Description

Content

1

Alarm and hardware fault list

detail of alarm and hardware

2

Hardware fault handling report

analysis process and conclusion

2.3.1.5 New Site and Expansion Site Optimization 

Description

In order to meet the coverage or capacity, it is usually to install new site or expand site. For expansion site, we should plan frequency and other configuration reasonably. For new site, we should plan frequency, neighbor list, PN and engineering parameters reasonably. After the site is on-air, we should do some testing and optimization: DT, make sure the neighbor list and PN is reasonable Test in user-intensive area, make sure coverage is good in this area. 

Flow

Figure 2-11 Flow chart of New Site and Expansion Site Optimization



29




Deliverables NO.

1

Description

Content

New/Expansion Site



DT result：coverage, handoff, etc

Optimization report



Performance monitor：KPI

2.3.2 Weekly Performance Management work 2.3.2.1 Customer’s Complaint Management Service 

Description



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We will collect complaint information, including pending, processing and closed complaint. For the unclosed complaint, if it is belong to RF Team, continue to deal with it until it is closed (ask expert for support if it is necessary), if it is belong to other team, urge and track until it is closed. 

Deliverables NO.

Description

1

Content

Customers complaint

Record of customer complaint, include the

record

handling state and responsible team of the complaint

2.3.2.2 Network Performance Analysis and Optimization 

Description

The main purpose of weakly analysis is to monitor network performance, filter cells with bad KPIs and optimize them. It is suggested to use TOP-N method because: Firstly, there is intrinsic relation among all KPIs. Secondly, bad KPI is relative; it may be different between one network and another. Lastly, it is convenient to deal with the worst KPI cells. 

Deliverables NO.

Description

Content

1

TOP N handling record

the detail of handling the TOP N cell

2

KPI analysis

KPI analysis of this week, and the reason of the bad KPI if it’s necessary.



31


2.3.3 Monthly Performance Management work 2.3.3.1 Customer’s Complaint Management Service 

Description

We will collect complaint information, including pending, processing and closed complaint. For the unclosed complaint, if it is belong to RF Team, continue to deal with it until it is closed (ask expert for support if it is necessary), if it is belong to other team, urge and track until it is closed. In addition, we will sort all complaint information, focus on similar complaint. For the similar complaint, propose solution to solve it and prevent the same complaint. 

Deliverables NO.

1

Description

Content

Customers complaint

Record of customer complaint, include the

record

handling state and responsible team of the complaint The type of the customer complaint analysis

2.3.3.2 VIP area Communication Support 

Description

VIP is the important subscriber group whose member has a high ARPU. VIPs contribute most of profits for operator; therefore, engineers shall pay much attention to this group of subscribers. VIP area usually includes commercial buildings, high-grade residential areas, airport lounges, and etc. Engineers shall test in VIP areas in busy hours every month to collect DT/CQT data, and then analyze test data in order to ensure that network performance of VIP areas is perfect. When engineers are doing network test, they must pay attention to the coverage, voice quality, RF parameters, and Engineering parameters. 

Flow



32


Figure 2-12 Flow chart of VIP area communication support



Deliverables NO.

Description

Content

1

Plan for VIP area test

DT areas and CQT areas

2

VIP area test report

Coverage, Problem analysis ,test record

2.3.3.3 Network Performance Analysis and Suggestions 

Description

Optimization engineers give report about monthly network performance and analyze network

performance

to

release

suggestions

about

handling

hardware

optimization, capacity expansion, which includes items as below:



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fault,


Performance analysis, parameters analysis and corresponding solution. Resource utility ratio, such as page channel utilization ratio, access channel utilization ratio, and corresponding solution. 

Flow

Figure 2-13 Flow chart of network performance analysis and suggestions



Deliverables



34


NO. 1

Description

Content

Performance and

BSC/BTS/Interface/Wireless Resource utility ratio

Resource utility ratio

Network performance analysis

Analysis report

Expansion suggestion

2.4 Network Performance Improvement 2.4.1 Resource Balance Analysis and Optimization 

Description

BSC Resource Analysis: Capacity and loading analysis of all signal-process modules and vocoder modules, such as SDU/CMP and so on. BTS and Cell Resource Analysis: Check-up of traffic, CE, transmitting power, handover factor, load balance of multi-carrier and CPU load. Interface Resource Analysis: Interfaces of inner-equipment and inter-equipment, such as Abis, A8/A9 and A10/A11. Wireless Resource Analysis：Paging channel, access Channel, WalshCode, etc. Conclusion reports addressing optimization or expansion advice for all aspects including BSC, BTS, Carrier, and all kinds of interfaces, based on present capacity and future development prediction. 

Flow

Figure 2-14 Flow chart of resource balance analysis and optimization



35




Deliverables



36


NO. 1

2

Description

Content

Resource Balance Analysis

Scheme and contents of Resource Balance

and Optimization Plan

Analysis

Resource Balance Analysis

BSC/BTS/Interface/Wireless Resource utility

and Optimization Report

ratio and balance analysis Resource optimization and expansion suggestion The result of optimization and expansion

2.4.2 Elaborate Neighbor List Optimization 

Description

Neighbor issues impact CSSR, CDR, and HSR etc. It is necessary to maintain a correct neighbor list for every sector. Optimization experts check and analyze present neighbor list for every sector and optimize neighbor miss issues, neighbor mismatch issues. And there is a new solution: neighbor reconstruction. 1.

Neighbor miss and neighbor mismatch issues i.

Cause a)

Overshooting cells

b)

Wrong neighbors, who may also cause fake PN confusion issues.

c)

Neighbor miss: As the network expansion and environment changes, the neighbor list hasn’t been updated with the change of actual handoff relation.

ii.

Check-up methods a)

Neighbor miss check-up



37


With careful check-up of every handoff in call records, it is easy to get a list of handoff failure because of not-configured neighbor PN and figure out the necessary neighbor. b)

One-way issues check-up

Scenario: Cell B is in the linkcell of Cell A, and Cell C is in the linkcell of Cell B. If Cell A and Cell C has the same PNoffset, it is called a one-way issue. Figure 2-15 Diagram of one-way issues

One-way issues may cause handoff failure and call drop. c)

Two-way issues check-up

Scenario: Cell B and Cell C are in the linkcell of Cell A ，and Cell D is in the linkcell of Cell B. If Cell C and Cell D have the same PNoffset, it is called a two-way issue. Figure 2-16 Diagram of two-way issues



38


Two-way issues may cause handoff failure and call drop. d)

Over-distance neighbor check-up

First estimate the coverage radius of every cell by the analysis of call records. If the distance of a linkcell to the source cell is over a certain distance threshold corresponding to the radius of the source and destination cell, such linkcell will be marked as over distance linkcell. iii.

Solutions a)

Delete redundant neighbors

b)

Correct mismatch neighbors

c)

Add missing neighbor

d)

Correct PN confusion issues

e)

RF optimization for overshooting sectors



39


2.

Neighbor reconstruction In order to improve network optimization efficiency and reduce human cost, based on years of network optimization experience, ZTE have achieved the intelligent neighbor optimization method by comprehensive analysis of OMM performance statistics, Site Info and call records. RF engineers can reconstruct neighbor lists of the whole network or selected sites in several hours after all necessary data is ready. Generate an optimal neighbor list which can be directly imported into the OMM server by RF experts. The optimal neighbor list solves most of the neighbor mismatch and neighbor missing issues and significantly improves neighbor match rate. Neighbor reconstruction is a new and efficient solution for neighbor list optimization.



Flow

Figure 2-17 Flow chart of neighbor list optimization



40




Deliverables



41


NO.

Description

1

2

Content

Neighbor List

Scheme and contents of Neighbor List

Optimization Plan

Optimization

Neighbor List

Neighbor list optimization based on OMC and

Optimization or

NetMAX-C

reconstruction

(Neighbor miss check-up, One-way and Two-way

Report

issues check-up, Over-distance neighbor checkup) Neighbor list optimization based on DT and CQT data (Neighbor miss check-up, handoff analysis)

2.4.3 Elaborate PN Optimization 

Description

PN confusion issues impact CSSR, CDR, and HSR and so on. It is necessary to make sure that the reuse of each PN has met the requirement of distance. ZTE can check and solve the PN confusion by the aspects below: 1.

Same PN interference optimization Analyze the handoff records to list same PN confusion issues, including call drops caused by the issue, and provide a platform to analyze and solve those issues.

2.

Adjacent PN interference optimization Analyze the handoff records to list adjacent PN confusion issues, including call drops caused by the issue, and provide a platform to analyze and solve those issues.

3.

PN Reconstruction Optimization expert team reconstruct PN reuse plan for selected district or the whole network, based on the feedback data by the field engineers, and provide the advantages below: i.

Different PN groups for indoor and outdoor coverage sectors.



42


ii. 

Reserve some PN groups for future development.

Flow

Figure 2-18 Flow chart of PN optimization



43




Deliverables

NO.

Description

Content

1

PN Optimization Plan

Scheme of PN Optimization

2

PN Optimization or

Same/Adjacent PN interference

Reconstruction Report

optimization Record Result of PN Reconstruction PN Reuse Information

2.4.4 Cell Coverage Optimization with GIS 

Description

Basing on the call records, performance statistics data and configuration data, optimization experts analyze the cell coverage issues with the help of geographic information system. Cell coverage analysis and optimization are focused on solving the following issues: overshooting issues, pilot pollution issues, weak coverage issues and “corner problem”. And it is convenient to use DT and CQT to help to analyze and optimize such issues if necessary. Cell coverage optimization is a special and efficient way to improve CSSR, CDR, HSR and other KPI. 1.

Overshooting issues

Overshooting issue happens when a cell’s radio coverage is beyond planned radius and reaches the area where should be covered by other cells. Overshooting leads to pilot pollution even PN confusion. Based on the chip difference between the pilots and the reference pilot in the active set, the relation of the neighbors, and the bearing of the antennas, Expert team can figure out the overshooting sectors and the sectors that are influenced by it.

Figure 2-19 Overshooting analysis based on NetMAX-C



44


Figure 2-20 GIS analysis of overshooting based on NetMAX-C

Overshooting issues can be solved by normal RF optimization methods. 2.

Pilot pollution issues

An area is a pilot pollution area where the sum of pilots in active set and candidate set of a mobile are more than 4 and the Ec/Io of every pilot is between -13 to -18 dB. Pilot pollution causes weak Ec/Io and call drop issues. Pilot pollution is a serious coverage problem that must be solved. The pilot pollution districts are combination coverage of several cells. The district they covered together may be pollution district. Expert team can make a statistic for all pilot pollution districts.



45


Figure 2-21 Pilot pollution analysis by NetMAX-C

Figure 2-22 GIS analysis of pilot pollution based on NetMAX-C

3.

Weak Coverage

Weak coverage may lead to call drop at the coverage edge of sector due to a continuously signal fading and cannot handoff to another sector in time. It is very difficult to find out a weak coverage district by traditional way. For example, DT cannot find a poor coverage of an indoor coverage sector, but by means of analyzing call records, it is easy to find out every district of weak coverage.

Figure 2-23 Weak coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C



46


Figure 2-24 GIS analysis of weak coverage based on NetMAX-C

In order to exactly locate the weak coverage district and evaluate the district in more detail, it is convenient to use DT and CQT by the guide of the analysis above. Poor coverage issues can be solved by normal RF optimization methods. 4.

“Corner” issues

In wireless network, a “corner issue” means a call drop in a small handoff district due to quickly signal fading before handoff procedure completed which may lead to handoff failure or even call drop. It is a common coverage problem at corner of street or movement between indoor and outdoor.

Figure 2-25 “Indoor or corner” drop analysis based on NetMAX-C



47


Figure 2-26 GIS analysis of “indoor or corner” issues based on NetMAX-C

In order to exactly locate the “corner issue” district and evaluate the district in more detail, it is convenient to use DT and CQT by the guide of the analysis above. “Corner issues” can be solved by normal RF optimization methods. 

Flow

Figure 2-27 Flow chart of cell coverage optimization based on NetMAX-C



48




Deliverables



49


NO.

Description

Content

1

Cell coverage analysis



Overshooting analysis and optimization

and optimization report



Pilot pollution analysis and optimization



Wear coverage analysis and optimization



“Corner” issues analysis and optimization

2.4.5 Special Topic for Access Success Rate Optimization 

Description

Access success rate denotes whether the subscriber can successfully access the network quickly and efficiently. It is essential to subscriber experience. KPI about access: Radio connection setup success rate, Page response rate, Radio network setup success rate, Session setup success rate. Optimization experts analyze the call records, performances statistics, and subscribers’ complaints, giving out solutions to the neighbor list issues, PN confusion issues and coverage issues etc., and improve the access success rate and subscribers’ experience. 

Flow

Figure 2-28 Flow chart of access success rate optimization based on NetMAX-C



50




Deliverables NO.

Description

Content

1

Access analysis and



Resources overload optimization

optimization report



Configuration parameter optimization



Hardware fault handling



coverage analysis and optimization



TOP N analysis and optimization



ECAM/Access handoff optimization(if it’s necessary)



51


2.4.6 Special Topic for Call Drop Rate Optimization 

Description

Call drop rate is a key KPI for the radio network and subscribers are always sensitive to this KPI, especially in weak coverage districts. Experts team analyze the call records, performances statistics, and subscribers’ complaints, and give out solutions to solve the neighbor list issues, PN confusion issues and coverage issues etc.. And launch a special NetMAX-C optimization topic for the worst district. It will surely reduce call drop rate and improve subscribers’ experience. For example, expert team analyzes the call records and statistics data, and figure out the call drop reason of a certain network as below:

Figure 2-29 Call drop reason analysis based on NetMAX-C

At sector level, cell drop reasons will be in more detail as following:

Figure 2-30 Call drop analysis based on NetMAX-C

So, the field engineer will have an easy and convenient way to understand where and why there are call drops and figure out a corresponding solution quickly. 

Flow



52


Figure 2-31 Flow chart of call drop rate optimization based on NetMAX-C



Deliverables NO.

Description

Content

1

Call Drop analysis and



Resources overload optimization

optimization report



Configuration parameter optimization



Hardware fault handling



coverage problem analysis and optimization




TOP N analysis and optimization


53


2.4.7 Special Topic for Handoff Optimization 

Description

Handoff success rate directly impact network services. It might cause call drops and low data rate. Parameters, such as Search window size, neighbor configuration, handoff threshold and so on, impact the handoff success rate. Relative KPI: Soft hand off success rate, softer hand off success rate, inter-frequency handoff success rate. Expert team analyzes call records, performance statistics and subscribers’ complaints to improve the relative KPI. 1.

Handoff Success Rate Analysis Due to the mobility of MT in wireless network, Lower handoff success rate may cause high call block rate, high FER high call drop ratio. Some factors Such as Poor coverage, neighbor list mismatch, neighbor list missing, neighbor list priority unreasonable configuring, PN reuse resource blocked and equipment failure which can affect on handoff.



54


Figure 2-32 Cell handoff analysis based on NetMAX-C

2.

Neighbor List Match Rate Analysis Neighbor list hitting rate used to estimate the quality of neighbor list configuration. Handoff between cells which did not configure each other as neighbor will not fail certainly because active set cell’s neighbor was combined before send NGLIST message to terminals. But that Neighbor list missing will certainly lead to slower searching rate, longer handoff delay, poor EcIo and poor FER which decrease the quality of voice call.



55


Figure 2-33 Carrier neighbor list match rate analysis based on NetMAX-C



Flow

Figure 2-34 Flow chart of handoff optimization



56




Deliverables



57


NO. 1

Description Handoff Analysis and

Content 

optimization Report

Neighbor list mismatch analysis and optimization



Neighbor list missing optimization



PN confuse optimization



Handoff Parameter optimization



One-Way/Two-Way optimization



TOP N optimization

2.4.8 Special Topic for Multi-carrier Handoff Optimization 

Description

Analyze multi-carrier distribution and inter-frequency handoff success rate in the critical sectors and improve Handoff success rate and inter-frequency assignment success rate. Main jobs： 1.

Plan multi-carrier district.

2.

Plan and optimize parameters.

3.

Different transmitting power for different carriers.

4.

Different neighbor list for different carriers in critical sectors.

5.

Database-assistance inter-frequency handoff parameters optimization, including critical sectors, Ec/Io and RDT threshold setting etc.

6.

MS-assistance inter-frequency handoff parameters optimization, including handoff threshold for static and dynamic handoff etc.

7.

DT test verify the handoff.

8.

Load balance parameters for multi-carrier, including keep threshold and inter-carrier assignment threshold etc.

9.

Overload control parameters, including max user count, max QoS user count, idle timer for traffic channel etc.



58




Flow

Figure 2-35 Flow chart of Multi-carrier Handoff Optimization



Deliverables



59


NO. 1

Description

Content

Handoff Analysis and



Parameter optimization record

optimization Report



DT test analysis and verification



OMC KPI analysis and verification

2.4.9 Service Bearer Ability Analysis for Wireless Network Aiming at launching a new special service, ZTE optimization engineers analyze the requirement and cost of the network bearer with the telecom operator engineers. 

Determinate the typical requirements of the service after the communion with the market crew



Analyze the requirement of the special service from any aspects, such as network bearer capacity, service simulation requirement and so on.



Estimate the cost based on the requirement analysis.



Assists the telecom operator engineers to summarize the procedure, and give out analysis reports to guide the analysis in other service area.

2.5 Drive Testing Service 2.5.1 DT and CQT ZTE network performance monitoring system can monitor the full range of network performance. If there are problems on some cells or some areas, we will offer the services DT or CQT on specific business areas. DT test can be classified into major road tests in urban and non-urban areas; major roads generally include highways, national highways, provincial roads and railways. The two kinds of tests can be measured by different indicators. The network testing range is the region which needs to be optimized and planned in the current network period. The choice of test sites should follow the following principles: 50% of test sites is the hot and important spots with more telephone traffic, such as: business center, railway



60


stations, airports, Important traffic roads, large user groups, the District of Embassy, party, government, military location, Telecom business office, Telecommunications Office, under the base station, etc. 80% of test points should be selected in urban areas and 20% in the suburbs. 60% of test points should be chosen in the room.

2.5.2 Adjustment, implement and validation According to evaluation result and optimization report, provide corresponding implementing service, such as the adjustment of parameter, antennas, system hardware and so on, as well as validation after adjusting, until the optimization target is met to ensure the optimization efficiency.

2.6 Trouble Shooting and Complaints Analysis ZTE provides end-to-end communication guarantee service, improves user’s actual experience and responds actively to user’s complaint. Aiming at the inconvenience network fault and hidden trouble bring to users, the fault is classified. Sort various user complaint collected by the telecom operator business department to orient the fault and reduce user complaint handling period to the maximum extent. Start from the scene research on bad experience of user using mobile internet service in typical area; explore suitable the telecom operator user experience promoting solution. Through efficiency comparison before and after optimization, improve end user’s service experience; summarize method to guide daily EVDO network optimization and problem handling to reduce customer complaint. Instruction about statistical method of user complaint times: 1.

The statistical complaint must be caused by wireless network problems and must be valid complaint which can be solved through network optimization.

2.

The complaints with same content made by several times by the same user must be calculated as once.



61


3.

The complaints with same problem made by several times under the same wireless environment must be calculated as once.

4.

Complaints about short message, charges, value-added- cannot be calculated as valid complaint.

5.

Assuming ZTE network performance is influenced by the force majeure stipulated by laws such as tsunami, earthquake, flood and so on, a large quantity of network complaints caused accordingly cannot be calculated as valid complaint.

Figure 2-36 Intelligent analysis users’ complaints based on NetMAX-C

2.7 Smart Optimization Service 2.7.1 Smart Coverage Optimization Based on the NetMAX-C and ACP As a comprehensive coverage optimization solution newly developed by ZTE, the smart coverage optimization service based on the Call Detail Trace (CDT) and Auto Cell Plan



62


(ACP) has combined the two technologies and thereby greatly improved the automaticity and accuracy of network optimization. It features high efficiency and low costs. Compared with the NetMAX-C-based analysis, traditional DTs and call quality tests (CQTs) cannot detect the network coverage problems from the planar perspective and the coverage optimization based on DTs and CQTs neglects its impact on the whole network. Usually, the performance in the target areas is improved after the optimization, but that in some other areas deteriorates and even more problems arise. The ACP automatically generates a scheme to adjust RF parameters for each cell, and the data on the whole plane is optimized. Thereby the network optimization can be performed quickly and effectively. Traditional ACP-based coverage optimization schemes cost a lot and the division of propagation models is not detailed. However, if the engineers integrate the ACP technology with the CDT coverage evaluation and analysis, they will be able to quickly pick out the areas with coverage problems, which help reduce the investment in network evaluation substantially and make propagation model calibration more accurate.

Figure 2-37 Flow chart of coverage optimization based on NetMAX-C and ACP



63


Figure 2-38 Smart Coverage Optimization Based on the CDT and ACP

2.7.2 Smart Coverage Optimization Based on the NetMAX-C and T-Phone Coverage is an eternal topic about radio networks. ZTE uses the NetMAX-C and precise algorithms to perform smart analysis on network problems, exports information about the areas with coverage problems such as weak coverage, overshooting, and pilot pollution, so that the operator will be aware of those areas and then introduce network optimization and more network construction. Figure 2-39 1X network coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C



64


Figure 2-40 DO network coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C

Through the NetMAX-C smart analysis, ZTE’s radio network optimization (RNO) engineers export information about the areas with coverage problems. For areas where drive tests (DTs) are needed but vehicles cannot move easily, the test engineers just need a T_PHONE handset to collect various radio data. After that, the RNO engineers will analyze problems with the ZXPOS software to work out a pertinent RF adjustment scheme or propose deployment of new sites.

Figure 2-41 smart coverage optimization based on the NetMAX-C and T-Phone



65


2.7.3 Indoor Coverage Optimization Based on the NetMAX-C and Gecko In the 3G era, with more mobile network subscribers, the average traffic in buildings is becoming denser. Most services will be indoor — it is expected that 90% of the EVDO PS services will be indoor and 80% of the commercial subscribers that can bring high values to the operator will work indoors. In the tall office buildings, plazas, and areas densely populated with mobile subscribers, outdoor macro cells cannot meet the demand on coverage capacity any more. Through the NetMAX-C-based smart analysis, ZTE exports information about the indoor distribution systems that have blind zones. If it is hard to deploy indoor distribution systems due to the property owners’ rejects or difficulties in engineering, the engineers can use the Gecko to achieve low-cost coverage with a and quickly eliminate blind zones. At the same time, for massive subscriber flows and high traffic, the engineers can use the Gecko to achieve large-capacity coverage.

Figure 2-42 Indoor Coverage Optimization Based on the NetMAX-C and Gecko



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2.8 QoE Evaluation and Optimization Service 2.8.1 The Evaluation System of 1X Subscriber’s QoE ZTE has established a subscriber’s QoE (Quality of experience) evaluation system by taking account of accessing failure events, call drop events, abnormal calls, highly FER events and bad ECIO events. The system evaluates the subscriber’s access feeling, continued feeling, voice quality feeling and the feeling in idle state. The aim of the evaluation system is to evaluate and optimize the subscriber’s QoE. The evaluation system marks every subscriber’s QoE, and divides subscribers into four ranks:

Table 2-1 Rank of 1X subscriber’s QoE Score

Ranks

[95,100]

excellent

[80,95]

good

[60,80]

acceptable

[0,60]

bad



67


Figure 2-43 Flow chart of 1X Subscriber’s QoE Evaluation

Figure 2-44 CDF of voice user’s QoE



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1.

Pre-warning users care The subscribers who always feel bad should be given more concerns because they may quit the network soon because of bad QOE. Those users are called prewarning users. For excample as the following figure shows , high call drop rates was the main cause that makes the pre-warning user(IMSI: 460030982705023) felt bad. Figure 2-45 Diagram of pre-warning users’ QoE optimization

Expert team analyzes the call records of this IMSI and lists all sectors that the user roamed in. It was convenient to analyze the drop cause and get a solution to improve this user’s QOE as below: Figure 2-46 Call drop analysis for QoE optimization



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2.

VIP care The VIP subscribers have the high APU values and high loyalty to the network. Maintaining good relationships with VIP subscribers will not only affect the current operating performance and may affect the development prospects of the network. So to enhance the VIP subscriber’s QOE is one of the most important things. The NetMAX-C can do this job very well. The VIP subscribers are divided into different groups according to their feature. Concerning about every VIP group’s QOE changing. The CDT gives the solution to improve the quality of the network that affects them before they get a bad feeling. Figure 2-47 VIP users’ QoE distribution



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2.8.2 The Evaluation System of EVDO Subscriber’s QoE 1.

QoE of service EVDO networks support various applications based on data exchanging, different application duration. Data rate and other KPI must be considered during user feeling evaluation. But there are different key points for different application. For example, call drop rate is more essential to data rate in MSM application, the MSN users pay more attention to send and receive the message right away, but data rate is much more essential than call drop in FTP download applications. So, it is needed to identify the service type of the subscribers before evaluation their QoE. The measure of service classification and actual corresponding applications are showing as below: Table 2-2 EVDO service classification Service Type

Actual Application

Download1

Excellent FTP/BT download, excellent VOD etc.

Download2

Normal FTP/BT download, normal VOD etc.

BigBurst

Website visiting etc.

LittleBurst

MSN, WAP etc.

Symmtrcl

VOIP, Video conferencing etc.

Upload

Upload, adjunct sending etc.

Other

Other (Call ratio of other type is generally less than 3%)

The purpose of service classification is to assign a service type to every actual application. One application has only one service type. The KPI to compare with thresholds of service models is calculated at the beginning of the classification, a service type will be assigned when the matching from the application property and one service model is confirmed. In case that one actual call measures up to two or more service models, the classification must be executed in the order: Symmtrcl > Download1 > Download2 > Upload > BigBurst > LittleBurst > Other. The procedure of service classification is shown in the picture below:



71


Figure 2-48 Procedure of service classification and QoE evaluation

Evaluate the QoE of each subscriber base on different service type. 2.

KPI of subscribers KPI in EVDO are divided into three classes: i.

Data rate relative KPI; It consists of DRC rate, FL/RL RLP rate, FL schedule rate; RL burst rate and FL/RL RLP retransmission rate. These KPI reflect users’ feeling in the procedure of data communication.

ii.

Connection relative KPI; Connection setup success ratio, connection setup failure rate due to overload, connection drop rate, page response rate etc. Those KPI reflect the users experience in the beginning and end of the connections.

iii.

User habit relative KPI. Online duration, average connection duration, forward/reverse throughput. Those KPI have little relative to the network performance, but it can be applied to analyze user’s behavior habit and predict user behavior. Just as 1X QoE evaluation, EVDO QoE evaluation can be use to optimize prewarning user sand pay close attention to VIP care.



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2.8.3 Special Topics for EVDO Optimization 2.8.3.1 EVDO Cell Coverage Analysis Evaluation of cell forward RF performance bases on cell’s DRC rate. Compared to forward physical burst rate, the advantage of cell’s DRC rate is continual sampling of DRC value during connection and DRC reflect real forward C/I value. Forward RF evaluated from two dimensions: Connection and user. There are three aspects in RF evaluation except cell DRC average rate, including oneway delay distribution, active set size distribution. One-way delay distribution shows samples in different distance from base station. Active set size distribution shows one PNs samples ratio, two PNs samples ratio, three PNs samples ratio, four PNs samples ratio by active set size statistics. DRC rate distribution shows different DRC Value samples ratio in cell coverage. In cell active set topic analysis, it lists all the active set which includes the analyzing cell, and the corresponding DRC, the analyzing cell serving ratio and the corresponding users’ connection records and so on.

Figure 2-49 EVDO cell coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C

From the analysis above, it is possible to figure out the reasons for low DRC to guide the cell coverage optimization.



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2.8.3.2 EVDO Cell Capacity Analysis EVDO forward link is time duplex, which is shared by multiple forward users. Although reverse link is code duplex, the interference caused by multi-user reduces the reverse throughput as users increase above a certain number. It is mainly said that EVDO QoE decrease as users increase. Cell capacity evaluation includes forward and reverse link. Forward capacity is measured according to each user’s available physical bandwidth, which means the user’s schedule rate when there is any queued data traffic. Reverse capacity is measured by reverse load weight, which is calculated according to RAB busy ratio, maximum user number, minimum user number. In order not to mislead by the users in bad RF condition, it is necessary to consider the data rate in bad RF condition and good RF condition. If user’s data rate is very bad in good RF condition, the corresponding cell needs expansion. Relative KPI: super-busy call rate, user forward/reverse physical average through put. Use call records to analyze the present cell capacity and give out the expansion advice for cells and carriers.

Figure 2-50 Flow chart of EVDO Cell Capacity Analysis



74


Figure 2-51 EVDO cell capacity analysis based on NetMAX-C

2.8.3.3 Abis Link Capacity Analysis Abis link impacts forward and reverse performance in EVDO. Through analysis for Abis link DO forward flow control mechanisms and relevant KPI of packet loss/disorder, we are able to know if the DO flow control parameter, Abis link delay, Abis link bandwidth, Abis link packet loss/disorder is the constraint to DO’s forward performance in order to eliminate the bottleneck of the Abis link. According to the connection records, we are able to evaluate the impact of Abis link to the subscribers’ performance. The list of abnormal cell with Abis problems will be listed to have adjustment or expansion.

Figure 2-52 Abis link capacity analysis based on NetMAX-C



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2.8.4 VIP Districts Optimization Where are VIP districts coming from? 1.

Dense urban, high traffic districts, high packet through put districts.

2.

VIP roaming district according to QoE evaluation

3.

Other districts appointed by the telecom operator.

Optimization methods: 1.

Estimate and locate the exact issue position.

2.

Analyze by the aforesaid methods, e.g. neighbor analysis, PN analysis, cell coverage analysis, EVDO cell capacity analysis, Abis link performance analysis, EVDO cell coverage analysis and so on.

3.

Optimize the district according to step 2.

4.

Use DT and CQT if necessary.

For example, t is easy to determine the VIP district as traffic is displayed as the following figure:

Figure 2-53 VIP areas traffic district based on NetMAX-C

With the help of high precision map, it is possible to estimate the main traffic distribution districts, such as uptown and downtown.



76


Figure 2-54 Diagram of high precision map

If it is difficult to locate the exact position, it is convenient to call the roaming users with the help of user QoE evaluation and locate the position. The coverage analysis of relative cell in the district:

Figure 2-55 Cell coverage analysis based on NetMAX-C

It is convenient to use neighbor optimization, PN optimization, cell coverage optimization to optimize the VIP district by ZTE solution.



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2.9 Optimization Service Reports List According to above optimization service in this chapter ，the main optimization reports will be exported as following:

Table 2-3 Optimization service report list S.N.

Documents Name

Remark

1

Network health check report

2

Network performance monitoring report

Periodic

3

1X subscribers experience evaluation

Comparison between pre

report

and post optimization

DO subscribers experience evaluation

Comparison between pre

report

and post optimization

5

TOP N sites &Cells optimization report

As per requirements

6

Neighbor optimization report

7

PN optimization report

8

Cell coverage analysis and optimization

4

report 9

EVDO special optimization report

10

VIP area optimization report

11

Customer complaint analysis report

As per requirements

12

DT and CQT test and optimization report

As per requirements

13

Access performance special optimization report

14

Call drop performance special optimization report

15

Handoff performance special optimization report

16

Operation and Development of support service analysis report

….



78


Note:：The above serial number is only for description，is not for the export sequence of the reports. The export sequence of the reports will depend on the actual optimization progress.

3 Organization 3.1 Organization Principle Network optimization project is an organized, scientific management system project. Before the project starting, we should analyze user requirement, network data, network operating

conditions

and

other

information.

Confirm

the

project

objectives,

implementation methods, detailed plans, personnel division and resource arrangements by project plan. Network optimization project to project team as a unit takes charge of all responsibilities of optimization. Project team configures staffs, equipments, transport, cost, etc. Team results-oriented, organize and assess its members, to ensure successful implementation of projects by project management means. Consider the effectiveness and workload requirements, according to the size of the network size and coverage area for the division principle, the establishment of one or more project groups. Generally the smallest unit is local network, set up the project team.

3.2 Organization Structure Generally, each group of network optimization project set up the following positions: Network optimization manager, project manager, network optimization engineer, test engineer, system engineer, and BSS engineer. Additional support staffs include tower worker, supporting engineer and other external support resources, these positions may be provided by other equipment manufacturers or user’s support staff.



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In principle, the total numbers of a project group is about 5 to 10, according to operators of the final acceptance of the KPI and the progress of the project to revise the staffing. Project team takes charge of all coordination of internal and external human and resources. The required equipment of optimization implementation will be provided or configured by the ZTE in principle.

Figure 3-56 Optimization project team structure

3.3 Position Definition 3.3.1 Project Manager The duties of a Project Manager are as follows:



80


Firstly, take charge of establish a comprehensive, complete, practical working implementation of the plan. Secondly, take charge of solve the resource requirements, complete communication and coordination with the customer. Thirdly, take charge of report the progress of network optimization services to customer and relevant departments. Fourthly, take charge of all project sub-project management, coordination and control, supervise sub-project team members to work. Urge the project team to complete plans and objectives according to established project objectives. Lastly, administer and evaluate optimization engineers, test engineers, station engineers, and the background to support the work of engineers and support staff.

3.3.2 Network Optimization Manager Manager should manage, coordinate and control all engineering projects, audit the quality and process of the project; check project team’s working achievement; deploy and harmonize human resources, software and hardware. Network optimization manager should take the primary responsibility for the optimization projects.

3.3.3 System Engineer The duties of a system engineer are as follows: Firstly, take charge of technical work all sided, guide network optimization engineer, test engineer, BSS engineer, plan steps of the whole projects. Secondly, explain the demands of network optimization, constitute working plan of network optimization, and distribute tasks. Thirdly, confirm network test reports and special reports submitted by network optimization engineering, take charge of finding the root causes of holistic network issues, and organize to find the solution of optimization and the implementation plan.



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Fourthly, supervise and evaluate the quality of all related work, and check the technical work of the team members. Fifthly, bring forward requirements of resource or cooperation, and seek help from the project manager. Lastly, organize to check the effect of network optimization, and take charge of the technical support of network optimization acceptance.

3.3.4 Network Optimization Engineer The duties of a network optimization engineer are as follows: Firstly, collect and analyze CQT & DT data submitted by test engineer. Secondly, find the cause of bad coverage and interference. Thirdly, analyze test data and statistical performance data. Lastly, complete the analysis of special test or area test, and submit the analysis reports to the system engineer.

3.3.5 BSS Engineer The duties of a BSS engineer are as follows: Firstly, network data extraction, analysis and parameter modification, analysis of performance reports, provide reference data optimization. Secondly, validate the results of implementation. Thirdly, monitor operational status and alarm of equipment, conductor processing equipment’s failure.

3.3.6 Test Engineer The duties of a test engineer are as follows: Firstly, the network drive test by test tools, including the optimization of CQT, DT testing.



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Secondly, be able to

analysis, locating of general issues and network

barriers. 3.3.7 Support staff Including the coordinator, tower workers and pilots so on Firstly, finish the corresponding auxiliary work responsibilities. Secondly, Professional pilots generally by the client as to guide our staff for network drive test, survey the road and site identification, assist in statistics, records. Lastly, the coordinator deal with the general external communication and daily work.

4 Project Report Mechanisms These network devices between the port mode if not, will lead the crowd packet loss, affecting rates To ensure the project goes ahead smoothly, ZTE and the telecom operator work together, and establish such rules for reporting. Weekly report: every Monday, organized by project manager, related personnel report project status and existent problems, and discuss the plan of the week. Monthly report: on the first day of every month, organized by project manager, related personnel report project status and existent problems, discuss the plan of the following month and confirm milestones of the project for primary works. Brief reports for key points: network optimization manager should feed back to the project team for these serious issues. Also, network optimization manager should follow these issues and inform the latest status to the project team by email. Document output: weekly report, monthly report, network plan report, network optimization report should be submitted on time.



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5 Service Work Flow The processes of wireless network optimization can be divided three stage, there include Project preparation, Performance Testing and Optimal adjustment. The following service procedures are applicable to CDMA networks. For the network equipment of other vendors, service procedures need to be adjusted.

Figure 5-57 Radio network optimization basic flow



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5.1 Project Preparation 1.

Project Start

After both sides signed the contract of the network optimization services, ZTE local office Manager will be appointed as project manager. 2.

Project Coordination i.

Input content: summarize the system problems raised by customers

ii.

Output content:” Work plan"

iii.

Purpose: Through full communication with customer, to obtain the customer overall evaluation for the system operations, and investigate the type and severity of current system problem, to discuss the phase content of the work wireless network optimization, scheduling and resource requirements.

iv.

Work content: Project manager coordinating the establishment of network optimization team, the network optimization team compile detailed "work plan" together for the customer: Project managers and clients held coordination meeting, the project manager and project team leader will participate in project coordination, communicate with customers to discuss the work plan (draft), feedback customer idea, through the adjustment of plan content by internal coordination mechanisms , ultimately with the customer achieved final agreements. Project manager and project leader will modify "work plan," according to conference content, and submit a formal "work plan" to customer. "Work

plan”

should

explain

Phase

content,

scheduling,

manpower

requirements, equipment requirements and so on 3.

Set up Project team i.

Conditions: According to the needs of human resources and equipments defined by the working plan.

ii.

Working content: according to team member's quality and personal ability, project leader arranges corresponding working position. Make sure the



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operation or management of equipments is in the charge of corresponding members.

5.2 Performance Test The current stage corresponds to performance test, evaluation, and wireless network optimization suggestion service. 1.

Set up a working team i.

Purpose: Assign resource rationally, guarantee job schedule and job quality of test stage.

ii.

Work content: The project leader and the system analysis engineer assign manpower and material resource according to the working plan ,including forming data analysis ，network optimization DT group , network point test group , material group etc. , The project leader is responsible for communicating with the customer, deploying technician, navigation member, driver and means of transportation for every group.

2.

Collect data i.

Input content: Provide customer with Systematic original data

ii.

Output content: Test Schedule

iii.

Purpose: Collect and arrange the systematic original data, in order to provide a basis for analysis, testing and optimization.

iv.

Work content: Analysis group propose the need of original data and systematic material group is responsible for communicating with customer to collect material



86


Analysis group brings forward the testing scheme aiming at network optimization content on basis of the whole material. 3.

DT i.

Input content: Test scheme

ii.

Output content: DT report

iii.

Purpose: DT is fast and large-scale local test, providing basis for the whole analyses valuation of the network situation.

iv.

work content: DT group uses DT instrument to test assigned area according to test scheme, records the result, and put forward improvement suggestion, at the same time writes DT report.

4.

CQT test i.

Input content: Test scheme

ii.

Output content: CQT test report

iii.

Purpose: The CQT test is particular local test which focuses on the problem area, providing basis for analysis and optimization of part area.

iv.

Work content: Point test group makes the according to test scheme

call

test for problem area

, cooperating with the reason of fixing failure

position and put forwards solution suggestion , at the same time writes a point test report 5.

Data analysis i.

Input content: DT report, point test report

ii.

Output content: Optimization and adjusting scheme

iii.

Work content Analysis group counts and extracts network performance index, estimating that the network quality, composing system condition report, according to DT



87


report and point test report analyzing existing problem, and putting forward optimization adjusting measure, composing an optimization adjusting scheme The project leader submits an optimization adjusting scheme to the customer, under system analysis engineer cooperation communicates and discusses feasibility and resource need of the scheme. According to customer idea revises in time, makes agreement with the customer finally.

5.3 Optimization Implement The current stage corresponds to project implementation and conforming module 1.

Set up a working team i.

Purpose: Assign resource rationally, guarantee job schedule and job quality of optimization adjusting stage.

ii.

Work content: The project leader and the system analysis engineer assign manpower and material resource according to the optimization adjusting scheme, forming network optimization group , BTS optimization group etc. , The project leader is responsible for communicating with the customer, deploying technician, navigation member, driver and means of transportation for optimization group.

2.

The optimizing and adjusting of network i.

Input content : Optimization adjusting scheme

ii.

Purpose Adjusting allocation of resource on the network side rationally, lifting system stability and carrying quality.

iii.

Work content:



88


Network optimization group according to optimization adjusting scheme finishes adjusting parameters of network side. The material group according to optimization adjusting result, builds or revises relative system material. 3.

The optimizing and adjusting of BTS i.

Input content: Optimization adjusting scheme

ii.

Purpose: Adjusting allocation of resource on the BTS side rationally, lifting stability of the equipment, improve network quality.

iii.

Work content: The BTS optimizing group according to optimization adjusting scheme, finishes adjusting, failure maintenance of the antenna and wireless parameters on the BTS side. The material group according to the optimization adjusting result on the BTS side builds or revises relative system material.

4.

The confirmation of optimization effect i.

Purpose: Make impersonal exact evaluation of optimization adjusting effect.

ii.

Work content: Analysis group extracts and counts the system performance index optimized, evaluating network quality, writing system condition report, and comparing with data before optimization. Test group tests problem area again by DT or point test, writing DT report or point test report, and comparing with data before optimization. The project leader is responsible for communicating with the customers, by local test and static’s table methods and so on .according to working plan



89


making assess index to evaluate effect after optimization adjusting. If demonstration cannot satisfy customer need, then this wireless optimization should return to test stage and restart. After the customer approves optimization adjustment effect, the material group arranges the relative report of analysis and test group composes optimization adjusting summary report, contrasting with the index of system performance before and after optimization and explaining. 5.

Project summary meeting i.

Purpose: Make working summary of this project; submit relative system material to customers

ii.

Work content: The project leader sums up working quality of this stage on inside convention, announces examining and award and punishment measure of the project members. The project leader and the system analysis engineer make a summary report to customers on this wireless optimization, submit system material which is relative with optimization and adjusting and make an explanation. End this wireless network optimization after customer approves.

6 Service Requirements and Range 6.1 Equipment requirements Equipment operates normally. All functions and performance of the equipments are normal, no alarm happens. To ensure equipment can renew ASAP when equipment has trouble, network equipment should have some redundancy



90


Customer should clear interference sources which affect network running to ensure network operating normally under normal wireless network circumstance. If network optimization team found that system index is bad due to external interference, customer should contact to Radio Management Community to eliminate the interference. Offer convenience to reach site. Companies who are responsible of electricity source, transmission and repeater should cooperate with ZTE. Customers provide all kinds of condition of convenience to get in or out of each site, which is convenient to cooperate with electricity source, transmission, and repeater and other company. Customer should offer maintaining terminal, to ensure that optimization engineer can get data of system performance. Also, customer should offer printer to print data and reports for related network performance and forward and reverse coverage of network.

6.2 Document Requirements Both sided should agree the aim and content of network optimization. Customer should offer previous reports about network plan and optimization. Customer should offer network optimization team documents related to network optimization such as BTS information, system parameters, and material. Customer should ensure BTS information, system parameters, and material which are offered to network optimization completely, exactly and on time. If network optimization team find BTS information, system parameters, and material which is offered by customers incorrect ,or incomplete, network optimization has power to require customers to padded or revise BTS information, system parameters, and material.

7 Responsibility Matrix The responsibility matrix depends on project phase, and it can be modified as per customer requirements. Please see Table 7 -4

Table 7-4 Responsibility Matrix



91


index

Work contents

customer

ZTE

R

R

S

Remark S

Performance data collection 1

Intercommunication

√

√

about customer’s demands 2

Complain center data

√

collection 3

OMC data collection

√

√

4

Switches and MSC data

　

√

√

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

Single Base station

　

　

　

　

　

　

√

√

　

　

collection 　

Check 1

Antenna installation check

2

Parameters check

　

√

√

　

　

3

BS status check

　

√

√

　

　

4

Collect problems;

　

　

√

　

　

√

　

　

√

　

　

√

√

　

　

Radio data collection

　

　

　

　

　

1

DT test

　

√

√

　

　

2

CQT test

　

√

√

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

Network evaluation

　

　

　

　

　

Voice service

　

　

　

　

　

prepare improvement plan 5

BTS function improvement

6

Check or spot-check the improvement result

1



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index

Work contents

customer

ZTE

Remark

1）

Network coverage

　

　

√

　

　

evaluation 2）

Call success rate

　

　

√

　

　

3）

Call drop rate

　

　

√

　

　

4）

Call voice quality

　

　

√

　

　

5）

Average call duration

　

　

√

　

　

2

Data service

　

　

√

　

　

1）

Forward data rate

　

　

√

　

　

2）

Backward data rate

　

　

√

　

　

3）

Call delay

　

　

√

　

　

3

Performance evaluation

　

　

√

　

　

4

Network evaluation

　

　

√

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

Wireless suggestion

　

　

　

　

　

Export adjustment

　

　

√

　

　

√

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

Implementation of the

　

　

　

　

　

report 　

1

programs about BS 2

Confirm adjustment

　

programs about BS 　

project 1

Adjustment of antenna

　

√

√

　

　

2

Adjustment of system

　

　

√

　

　

　

√

√

　

　

√

√

　

√

　

　

　

　

√

√

　

parameter 3

Troubleshooting

4

Find the source of interference

5

Eliminate the interference source

6

authentication



　

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index

Work contents

customer

7

Add sites

√

　

　

　

ZTE

Remark √

　

　

Acceptance and

　

　

　

　

　

The specific

summarization 1

both sides confirmed the

√

　

√

specific requirements of

requirements of

testing

test route, test points and the test time and so on must be confirmed

2

Test evaluation

√

　

√

　

　

3

Compose network

　

　

√

　

　

√

　

√

　

　

√

　

　

　

　

√

　

√

　

　

optimization analysis report 4

Submit report and intercommunication

5

Confirm whether the results reach the contract demands

6

Contract check and sign

Instruments interface(contract should define which side offer these instruments) 1

Driving test equipment

√

2

Analysis equipment

√

3

Frequency scanning

√

equipment 4

Simulation equipment

√

5

Network planning

√

equipment



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8 Resource Requirements and Configuration 8.1 Human resources requirement and configuration Table 8-5 Project human resources requirement and configuration condition Project human requirement position

configured

need

num

Plan time to

responsi

solve

bility

ber Project manager

1

Optimization manager

1

RF Engineer（system

3

engineer） Back-ground support

2

engineer (system engineer) Test engineer

10

Tower engineer

4

Maintenance engineer

2

8.2 Equipment resource requirement and configuration Table 8-6 Project equipment requirement and configuration condition Project equipment requirement Name

number

CNT

10

CNA

17

NetMAX-C

7

Test phone

10

Test SIM card

10

EVDO test card

10

Portable computer

19


configured

need

Plan time to

responsi

solve

bility


95


Project equipment requirement Digital camera

4

Compass

4

Laser range finder

4

Gradient

4

configured

need

Plan time to

responsi

solve

bility

apparatus GPS

10

Car Inverter

10

8.3 Other Configuration Aimed at Optimization of the indoor part of the campus, ZTE provides hand-held test devices T-phone, which can improve the efficiency of indoor distribution test, leading to an increased distribution of the test area and better reflecting the signal condition of the indoor distribution room. Aimed at optimized for the project, ZTE

provides call detailed tracking of analysis

service , the rear network optimization expert team by analyzing the data through dialogue can reflect and discover more comprehensively network problems and the efficiency of the optimization will be improved significantly. In addition, the rear team of experts can face the user to optimize and analyze, which has a direct promotion role of the user experience.



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ZTE CDMA Radio Network Optimization Proposal_R1[1].2_EN.doc

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