Engineering Operation
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-ENG Engineering Operation
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Engineering Operation CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-ENG 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Engineering Operation
Engineering Functions Engineering Procedures Project System Generation Test Function Download Function
IM33S01B30-01E IM33S04N10-01E
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[Reference: PART-F Engineering] [Engineering Test Guide]
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Engineering Functions
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-ENG 1 Engineering Functions
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Features of Engineering Functions • Operable on a general purpose PC • Concurrent engineering • Virtual test function with FCS simulator • Reusable engineering data • Online documents
Test Function Engineering Function
FCS Simulator
Operation/Monitoring Function Windows2000/XP Professional
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Configuration Engineering functions
Basic functions System view Builders Test function
Definition of functions
Virtual test, wiring functions
Utility functions
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Project management function
Self-documentation
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Concept of DCS Builder HIS
Graphic builder
Operation/ monitoring function definition
Function block definition
Control drawing builder
TIC101
FCS
PID
IOM definition builder
FIC101 PID
Process I/O assignment
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Engineering Environment Engineering environment Engineering database (Current project)
HIS
HIS load V net Engineering work with builder
System configuration, operation and monitoring windows and so on are created and edited by the builder.
FCS load Download the created system configuration, the operation and monitoring windows and so on to the system.
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FCS
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Engineering Environments Engineering environment in a target system.
Engineering environment outside a target system*.
Ethernet
ENG/HIS
ENG/HIS Engineering data
Engineering data
V net
Engineering functions and virtual test functions
* Target system: The hardware, which is used in plant operation.
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Engineering Environment Engineering functions and operation and monitoring functions within a single HIS.
Operation/monitoring functions
Engineering functions ENG/HIS
Minimum system
Engineering data
V net
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Engineering Environment Independent engineering functions. Ethernet Engineering functions ENG/HIS
HIS
Operation/monitoring functions
Engineering data V net
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Engineering Environment Concurrent engineering via network. Ethernet Engineering functions ＰＣ
Operation/monitoring functions
ENG/HIS
HIS
Engineering data V net Concurrent engineering via network Engineers can execute engineering works using a single engineering database simultaneously. ooo
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Engineering Environment Merging engineering data. Engineering data merging
Engineering functions
Operation/monitoring functions
ENG/HIS
ＰＣ Engineering data
Engineering data
V net
The engineering data created with another PC can be easily merged.
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Engineering Environment in TC Ethernet
HIS 0124
HIS 0123
Engineering data V net
Left-hand side HIS is HIS0124, which has an engineering database. FCS 0101
Right-hand side HIS is HIS0123, which has the function of system creation but no engineering database. HIS0123 shares the database with HIS0124.
HIS0124 should be activated before HIS0123.
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Engineering Procedures
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-ENG 2 Engineering Procedures
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Engineering Flow New engineering
Specification review
Control method, necessary hardware and so on Regulatory control, sequential control design
Basic design Detailed design System generation
System generation with builders
Unit and connected test
Virtual test using operation and monitoring windows
Integration test Start-up
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Target test with FCS Hardware installation and loop check
Maintenance
Engineering data backup and, hardware check
Expansion & modification
Expansion and modification of control functions
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Engineering Work Flow Project creation Common item definition FCS
Control function definition
HIS
Operation/monitoring function definition
Included in the engineering course.
Done in the fundamental course.
Virtual test execution
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Defined function download
Parameter save
HIS Setup functions
Project save
Target test execution
Documentation of project 16
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Confirmation of Project
Project for the target system
Confirm that the project has been created for the target system.
Confirming project folder
Confirm that the FCS and the HIS folders have been created in the project folder.
Creating FCS folder Creating HIS folder
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If the FCS and HIS folders necessary for the target system are not found, create these folders.
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Defining Common Items Alarm priority Alarm status label Alarm processing table Block status Plant hierarchy
Defining the items commonly used by the project. Saved in the COMMON folder. In most cases, default values are acceptable. Alarm related builders may be discussed in PART-B, Function Block Items in yellow boxes will be defined in the exercise.
Engineering unit symbol Switch position label
Status change
Operation mark
User security
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Defining Control Functions FCS property
FCS type, database type and so on.
FCS common items
Start conditions, digital filter coefficients and so on.
I/O module definition
I/O module hardware definition.
Creation of regulatory control functions
Function block creation and wiring, and detailed definition.
Creation of sequential control functions
Sequential control functions and soft I/O definition.
Unit management Items in yellow boxes will be defined in the exercise.
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Operation & Monitoring Functions HIS constants Function keys Scheduler Trend Sequence messages Graphic windows
Defines the operation and monitoring functions. Some functions such as the functions related to printers, should be defined with HIS Setup. The HIS setup functions are also able to temporarily define functions supporting operations such as function keys.
Help messages Plant hierarchy
Items in yellow boxes will be defined in the exercise.
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Virtual Test Execution Control function creation and its test
Control functions created by a user with builders are tested.
Control function creation
Virtual test uses the FCS simulator for the actual FSC and executes the test on the HIS.
Creation of operation windows
A wiring files are created automatically at the startup stage of the test function. The created wiring may be used intact.
Test function startup Wiring confirmation Confirmation of operation
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Downloading of Created Functions
Project common download Download FCS data Download HIS data
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Engineering data defined by a user with builders are downloaded to FCS and HIS. The projects using a gateway and/or a bus converter, the configuration files are also downloaded.
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Defining Functions with HIS Setup Stations Printer
Operation and monitoring environments of the HIS are set with the HIS setup window.
Buzzer Display Window switching Alarm
Some of the HIS setup operations have been done in the Fundamental course.
Preset menu Equalization
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Execution of Target Test Target test using wiring functions Test function startup I/O disconnection Automatic wiring Wiring download
Control functions created by a user with builders are tested. The engineering database is downloaded to the FCS and tested. When the I/O test instruments such as I/O modules, signal generators are not used, the FCS I/O signals are simulated by I/O disconnection and automatic wiring. Startup of the test function is not necessary, if the actual I/O can be used.
Confirmation of operation
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Tuning Parameter Save Save the tuning parameters set on function blocks tuned during the trial operation.
Setting tuning parameters Saving tuning parameters
If the FCS offline download is executed without the parameter save, default parameters are downloaded to the function blocks.
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Saving of Project Saving tuning parameters Backup of folders
Preparing for the data evaporation caused by hardware errors such as HDD crush, project data are saved in external memories. Copying the project folder and the following folders backups the whole engineering data.
The database related to the HIS, set by the HIS Setup functions, is not included in the project folder. For the perfect recovery of HIS, the backup of the HIS Setup data is necessary too.
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Self-Documentation For the system maintenance or expansion and modification in the future, the data defined with builders can be printed or output to PDF files*.
Output self-document Project selection Startup of self-document
* PDF file output is supported by R3.02 and later release. It needs Acrobat in addition.
Header editing etc Selection of printing range Documents output
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Project
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-ENG 3 Project
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Project Project is the unit of managing the FCS and HIS data created by system generation functions. Builder files defined by the system generation functions are managed in the unit of project. Automatically created new project at initial startup.
Default project FCS download
The unique project, which exists in FCS.
Current project The engineering data meet with the system in operation.
Used for testing and debugging. More than one project can be created.
User defined project
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Default Project •
Default Project:
After the system installation, the project created at the first startup of the System View is called default project. Features: 1) Downloadable to FCS. 2) Virtual test is possible with FCS simulator. 3) Downloadable to HIS. 4) Offline download to FCS in the target system is possible.
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Current Project •
Current Project:
If the offline download to any FCS in the default project is executed, the attribute of the project changes from default to current. And then the online engineering is enabled. Features: 1) Multiple projects cannot be created. 2) Target test is possible. 3) Downloadable to HIS. 4) Offline download to FCS in the target system is possible.
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User Defined Project •
User Defined Project: A copied current project for editing or a newly created project is called a user defined project. Download the project to FCS is disabled. The project is used for engineering with the virtual test or for backup of the current project. Features: 1) Multiple projects can be created on the system view. 2) Virtual test is possible with the FCS simulator. 3) Download to the FCS and the HIS in the target system is impossible.
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Current Project Attribute changes automatically on download
Default Project
Default project
Ordinary system configuration Current project
Offline download
Tuning FCS parameter save
Current project
Offline download Downloadable to FCS. Attribute changes on download.
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Online download
At initial installation
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Online maintenance enabled. A unique project that enables to confirm the FCS data.
A single project/system 33
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User Defined Project Ordinary system configuration
Attribute change by utility
User defined project
Current project
Current project
Online maintenance enabled. A unique project that enables to confirm the FCS data.
User defined project
Copied current project
Newly created project
Download to FCS is disabled. Multiple projects can be created for testing, expansion and so on.
Multiple projects/system
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Project Attribute Change Project attribute can be changed by the “Utility to Change Project’s Attribute”.
“Change Attribute of Project” dialog
To call “Utility to Change Project’s Attribute” dialog. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Project Creation for Exercise
Project position H:/CS3000/eng/BKProject/
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System Generation
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-ENG 4 System Generation
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System Generation System View (Collective management engineering environment for CS1000/3000.)
• Project creation • System configuration definition • I/O module definition • Builder startup • Test function startup • Documentation function startup • Database load • Parameter save
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System Generation Builder
(Generation tools of various functions)
The builder startups automatically by clicking the builder file to define or edit. Examples of functions: • Common item definition • I/O definition • Control function creation • Operation and monitoring functions definition • Operation window definition An example of a graphic builder window. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Project Definition Items to define: Project name Position (The folder’s location in which database is saved. A server or other drive can be specified.)
Project name (arbitrary)
Project position H:/CS3000/eng/BKProject/
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Project Definition Data to define: Manual setting of engineering units. (Default is automatic.)
Tick here for manual registration. Registration operation of the engineering units file in the COMMON folder is needed.
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Devices Composing System After the project creation, defining the devices composing the system is required. The following devices compose the project: • FCS • HIS • BCV • CGW • Stations (other stations)
A hardware type for each device and a database type for the FCS should be specified. The hardware and database type cannot be changed once they were defined.
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Devices Composing System Creation of devices composing the system.
Select the device to create or add.
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Project Common Items The definition files common to the whole project are saved in the COMMON folder.
Most of the basic system definition files are used with default settings. Customizing is possible, if necessary. Only the files related to the security, OpeMarkDef and UserSec should be defined beforehand.
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Engineering Unit Symbol The engineering unit symbol is a unit symbol attached to a data value including a flow-rate and pressure, and is used on all the projects. Up to 256 engineering unit symbols can be used for one project. One engineering unit symbol can be defined with up to six alphanumeric characters. Engineering unit symbols Nos.1 to 8 cannot be changed or deleted: Define the engineering unit symbol starting at No.9. Default values are predefined for Nos.9 to 126. No default values are predefined for the subsequent Nos.
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Switch Position Label Up to 64 sets switch position labels can be defined. One set consists of four labels (label 1, label 2, label 3, and label 4). The label 4 character string is not displayed on the instruments. Define a unique character string for each set.
Switch position labels Nos.1 and 2 cannot be changed or deleted. Default values are predefined for Nos.3 to 13. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Flow of User Security Check HIS operation Security check
HIS security check Scope of operation and monitoring check for the HIS
User security check Scope of operation and monitoring check for a user group
Privilege levels of operation and monitoring check for a user
Operation • Window operation and monitoring • Function block operation and monitoring
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Operation Operation record History
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Security Overview The following two types of policies are available in CS 1000/CS 3000. • HIS Security Policy HIS security policy stipulates the scope of operation and monitoring allowed on the Human Interface Station. Regardless of the logon users, the operation performed to a device or to a function block data item may be restricted. • User Security Policy User security policy stipulates the scope of operation and monitoring for the users. Each user is restricted to operate or monitor a certain scope of devices and function block data items. The scope of operation and monitoring permitted for an operator is determined by a combination of HIS security and user security settings. General-purpose Windows applications follow the security policy of Windows. The user of CENTUM is different from the user of Windows. TE33Q6C40-01E
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HIS Security The security level regarding operation and monitoring as well as the operation and monitoring scope can be set for the HIS itself. The HIS security check has a precedence over the user security check. The operation and monitoring scope of the HIS is unrelated with the operation and monitoring scope set for each user group.
The security level setting means to select either monitoring only machine or monitoring and operation machine (default). TE33Q6C40-01E
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HIS Security Definition The HIS Attribute (security level) and HIS Security (operation and monitoring range) settings in the HIS Constant Builder. HIS attributes setting.
HIS security setting.
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-F Engineering, F9.2 User Group. TE33Q6C40-01E
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User Security The operators performing the operation and monitoring functions are classified based on their privilege level (authority). This classification is called user. The following attributes are assigned to each user: User name: Password: User group: Privilege level:
User recognition User identification Monitoring and operation scope Monitoring and operation authority
The operations performed by the user are held as the operation record. The operation record can be confirmed by the historical message report.
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User Group The users are classified into groups based on their operation and monitoring scopes. This classification is called user group. The following attributes are assigned to each user group: • User group name: User group recognition • Monitoring scope: Monitoring range • Operation and monitoring scope: Operation and monitoring range • Windows scope: Window names for operation and monitoring • Acknowledgement: Acknowledgment range • Process message receiving: Monitoring range of the generated messages The range is set by the plant name. If the plant name is not used, set by the station name and the control drawing. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Concepts of Scope and Privilege Operation & monitoring scope of HIS0124. Operation & monitoring scope of user Group-AB.
Whole Plant
Equipment A
Equipment B
Equipment C
Equipment D
Users in Group-AB: OPS1-A: Monitoring OPS2-A: Operation and monitoring OPS3-A: Operation, monitoring and maintenance
Equipment E
Operation & monitoring scope of users, OPS*-A in Group-AB using HIS0124 and their privileges. TE33Q6C40-01E
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User Registration UserSec builder registers user names. The UserSec builder also specifies user groups belong to, privilege levels and so on. Detailed setting items: With detailed setting items builder, operation and monitoring range can be specified.
Registration of user name, user group and privilege levels.
CENTUM users should be registered in the window above. User and user group for MS Windows are different from the CENTUM users. TE33Q6C40-01E
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User Group Registration UserSec builder registers user group names. The UserSec builder also specifies ranges of operation and monitoring, acknowledgement and so on. Default user groups and their rage setting.
User group registration and their rage setting.
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Privilege Levels The users’ operation and monitoring rights on HIS are defined according to privilege levels. For each window, operation and monitoring rights can be defined. Whether the user with a certain privilege level is permitted to operate the specified data item can also be defined. The following default privilege levels are available (security level 4).
*1: Maintenance means the engineering work such as initiation of the builder.
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Privilege Levels and Ranges Monitoring and operation ranges and so on for each user can be customized with the detailed setting items builder. Detailed setting items.
Operation and monitoring range customizing sheets for each user privilege. Registration of monitoring range for each user privilege.
Window authorities (Access levels). TE33Q6C40-01E
User privilege levels can be customized (U1 to U7.) 57
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Window Authorities Definition The authorities on windows can be defined in the “Create New Window” dialog.
Definition of window operation and monitoring authority.
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Function Block Security Definition The function block security level can be defined in the function block detail builder basic tab.
Definition of the security level. (Level 4 is default.)
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Mode Selection Key When the HIS is connected with an operation keyboard, the privilege level of the user may be changed temporarily using the mode selection key on the keyboard. The privilege level changed on the keyboard has higher priority than the level set in the user-in dialog box. The following two mode selection keys are used to switch the security level: • Operation key (Privilege level S2) The key can be switched between the ON and OFF positions only. • Engineering key (Privilege level S3) The key can be switched to any position.
In the case of the operation key When the engineering key is selected. Changes between the ON, OFF positions. TE33Q6C40-01E
The key can be switched to any position. 60
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Operation Mark An operation mark attached on an instrument faceplate temporarily restricts the user privilege levels of operation and monitoring. Operation mark definition builder defines a tag label, a tag level and so on.
For each operation mark, a tag level (a privilege level) can be assigned.
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For each operation mark, a privilege level for the installation or removal of the operation mark can be assigned.
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Common Items The following items are common for engineering functions: • Name System generation function names basic elements such as function blocks, windows, and so on.
• Comment System generation function adds comments for the explanation to function blocks, windows and so on, if necessary.
• Type of files System generation function handles three-type of files; Builder file, Save As file and Working file.
• Configuration of folders and files Engineering data are configured with a unit of project.
• External file The data defined by the builder can be exported to an external file with a different format. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Name (Window Name) System generation function can name function blocks and windows, which are basic elements of the system. • Window name Each window has a system defined widow name. Besides the system defined window name, users can name some windows. The user defined window name should be defined with English letters (capital letter only) and numerical figures within 16 characters including ‘_’ (under score) and ‘-’ (hyphen). However, ‘_’ and ‘-’ cannot be used at the beginning.
REACTOR-A-GR GR_REACTORA
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Name (Tag Name) • Tag name The names, which are assigned to identify function blocks, elements and so on in the control stations are called tag names. There are two kinds of the tag names; system tag names and user defined tag names. The system tag name consists of % [element code] [element number] S [domain number] [station number].
%SW1024S0102 The user defined tag name can be defined with English letters (capital letters only) and numerical figures including ‘_’ (underscore) and ‘-’ (hyphen) up to 16 characters. But ‘_’ and ‘-’ cannot be used at the beginning.
FIC1035, TIC100-A
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Type of Files The builder configuring operation and monitoring functions, control functions has three types of files. • Builder file The master file handled by the builder is called a builder file. The file extension is .edf. When the created file is saved with Save command or downloaded with Download command without any error, the file becomes the builder file.
• Save-As file When the defined contents by the builder have errors, the file cannot be saved with Save command. The file is saved with Save As command. The file extension is .sva. The SVA file may be imported to the builder for editing. Data import and export also use SVA files.
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Type of Files • Working file During editing of a builder file, the file can be saved as a working file, even the file has errors. The file extension is .wkf. If a working file is saved, a builder file and a working file exist. Only the builder file can be edited. When the builder file is called up, the working file may be imported into the builder file. After editing the builder file is saved or downloaded without errors, the working file is deleted. A builder and a working file of DR0007.
Working file selection dialog. The working file can only be imported by the corresponding builder file. TE33Q6C40-01E
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External Files • Import The builder files created by other projects or other stations can be introduced into a builder. It is referred to as Import. • Export The defined builder files can be output to files with different formats. It is referred to as Export.
Station A Control drawing Graphic file
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Builder file SVA file CSV file TXT file
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Import
Control drawing Graphic file
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Test Function
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-ENG 5 Test Function
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Types of Test The test function is the tool to test the data and functions created by a user with engineering functions. Types of test
Types of tests are automatically selected by the test function based on the project’s attribute.
Target test
Current project (FCS downloaded)
With I/O devices Without I/O devices
Use wiring function
User defined project/default project (FCS not downloaded)
Virtual test
See IM33S04N10-01E PART-A Functions, A1 What is Test Function? TE33Q6C40-01E
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Target Test The target test uses the actual FCS for testing. The test can be executed either using I/O modules or wiring functions without I/O modules.
IN
HIS
FIC100 OUT PID
I/O simulator
V net
1st order lag, dead time or other functions
I/O disconnection (wiring function) ooo
Standard FCS
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Virtual Test A single PC can execute the test without CS equipment.
Virtual test function CENTUM CS 1000/3000 system HIS
Test function
Operation and monitoring
System generation
FCS
Multiple FCS
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One PC executes test
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Virtual Test Functions The virtual test functions executes the test using a FCS simulator for a real FCS. The FCS simulator functions on a PC. HIS or PC Virtual test function FCS simulator
Operation / monitoring
HIS
Disconnection from the control network
V net
FCS
Creation and testing of the applications do not require a special hardware. A general purpose PC performs engineering and testing anywhere. ooo
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Procedures of Virtual Test Selection of tested FCS Test function start-up Mode changes automatically. Edge color changes to red.
Change of HIS operation mode
Automatic start-up. Test icon appears.
FCS simulator start-up
Automatic wiring for the function blocks newly added during the test operation is not performed.
Automatic wiring Wiring edit
When the wiring file is edited, the wiring file should be loaded manually.
Wiring load Confirmation TE33Q6C40-01E
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Wiring Function The wiring function executes a virtual wiring between process I/O module terminals. This function enables the test of the control functions in the FCS or the FCS simulator, not using real I/O devices. FCS
Output module
A(+) B(-)
Output modules are to be shortcircuited in the I/O disconnected target test to avoid the output open state (OOP).
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To operate the wiring function, downloading of a wiring definition and wiring data is needed. See IM33S04N10-01E PART-A Functions, A5 Wiring Edit. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Wiring Editing Function The wiring editor enables to edit the connections between I/O terminals, the delay or lag time constants and so on.
Wirings are performed automatically for the function blocks having I/O terminals.
The wiring file is created automatically and downloaded to the created control drawing.
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Concepts of Wiring Function The wiring function makes connections virtually between the process I/Os not using the actual I/Os. (I/O disconnection.)
FCS control functions
TIC101
OUT
PID IN
SET
FIC101 PID IN
OUT
I/O image on FCS memory
Virtual data area (Contents of the wiring file) Lag or delay functions can be used as a simplified process simulation tool.
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Lag/delay function Lag/delay function
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Download Function
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-ENG 6 Download Function
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System Download Difference between the HIS download and the FCS download. System view
HIS HIS function download
HIS database Window configuration, messages
FCS database Block configuration, I/O configuration
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Data transmission to an HDD
FCS function download
Data are transferred to memory by the equalize function At the next window switching, revised data becomes effective
FCS Write on a main memory
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At the next scanning period, revised data becomes effective.
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FCS Download The FCS download transfers the created and/or edited database to the FCS. Offline download The offline download transfers all FCS related engineering data to the FCS after stopping it.
Online download The online download transfers the difference between the created FCS database and the existing FCS database in the project without stopping the FCS. Some databases such as FCS constants cannot be online downloaded.
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Offline Download Offline download operation. Engineering database
Tuning parameter database
Control station Offline download
Tuning parameter database
Control function database
Control function database
Function block configuration, I/O configuration
Function block configuration, I/O configuration
Created control function database and automatically created default parameters.
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In FCS offline downloading, a message box prompting for saving tuning parameters of the selected FCS appears.
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Tuning Parameter Save Tuning parameter save operation. Engineering database
Tuning parameter save
Tuning parameter database
Control station
Tuning parameter database
Control function database
Control function database
Function block configuration, I/O configuration
Function block configuration, I/O configuration
Parameters tuned by operators and functions If the tuning parameters are not saved, the default values of the tuning parameters when each function block is created or the parameters saved before previous downloading will be downloaded. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Online Download Online download operation. Engineering database
Control station
Tuning parameter database
Control function database
Tuning parameter database
Online download
Function block configuration, I/O configuration
Control function database Function block configuration, I/O configuration
The difference between the edited control function database and the control station (FCS) database is downloaded.
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Offline / Online Download Operation difference between the offline download and the online download. Engineering database
Tuning parameter save
Tuning parameter database
Scope of offline download
Scope of online download TE33Q6C40-01E
Control station
Tuning parameter database
Offline download
Control function database
Control function database
Function block configuration, I/O configuration
Function block configuration, I/O configuration
Difference of control function database
Parameters changed by engineers and functions
Online download 83
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System Download Project common download, IOM download, HIS download and FCS offline download can be executed from System View.
Selected FCS database is downloaded
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-F Engineering, F1.1.5 Load Menu of System View. TE33Q6C40-01E
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System Download
In the current project, as the builder file save and the online download are executed at the same time, ‘Download’ is indicated on the menu.
As the online download is impossible in a user project, ‘Download’ is not shown on the menu. After editing, execute ‘Save’. TE33Q6C40-01E
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CS1000/3000 (R3.04) Fundamental Course Textbook TE33Q4T30-01E
TE33Q4T30-01E
1
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CS1000/3000 Overview
CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook PART-A CS1000/CS3000 Overview A-1 Process Control Devices A-2 System Overview
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Process Control Devices
CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook A-1 Process Control Devices 01. Process Control Basic 02. Process Control Systems 03. Types of Control Systems
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Feedback Control (Regulatory Control) Temperature controller
Feedback Control (Regulatory Control)
Temperature controller Temperature converter TIC102-B PID
SV (Setpoint Variable)
PV (Process Variable)
Process
Steam Final control element
MV (Manipulated Variable)
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Sequential Control Start V1:Inflow Valve Inflow
N Operation Panel Level Indicator
V1 Open
LI001 LI001 “HI”
HI
Inflow
PVI
N
Outflow
V1 Close
Outflow
N
LI001 “LO”
N
LO
V2:Outflow Valve
V2 Close V2 Open End
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Analog Control / Digital Control Analog Control Analog Control In analog control, PID computation is carried out with an electric current or voltage by a hardware. It is very hard to change the control algorithm. High accuracy computations used for the advanced control are also difficult.
Digital Control In digital control, PID computation is carried out by a software. It is easy to change the control algorithm. High accuracy computations used for the advanced control are also easy.
SV
+
Deviation
PID unit PID
–
Sensor and Transmitter
Numerical Data
SV
+
Process variable
Controller
PV
Deviation
CPU –
A/D
Digital Control
D/A & hold
PROCESS (including control MV valve )
Process variable
Controller
Sensor and Transmitter
PV
TE33Q4T30-01E
MV
PROCESS (including control valve )
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Centralized Control System
A/D
Report
Alarm
Logger At the initial stage, a computer was used as a logger only for the monitoring and logging.
Operator Station (monitoring and logging)
CPU (Computer)
I/O Buffer
D/A
SPC
MPX
(Setpoint Control)
INPUT UNIT
SV
SV
PV
SV
MPX OUTPUT
UNIT
SPC (Setpoint Control) Then the computer was used for setting optimum setpoints on individual controllers. DDC (Direct Digital Control) And then a single computer is used to executes control computations for controlling multiple control loops.
MV
TE33Q4T30-01E
I/O Buffer
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Distributed Control System (1) Node
Communication module
I/O Image
Input module
The concept of I/O processing of the distributed control system. Each signal conversion module in the node (I/O processing unit) has a CPU.
I/O signal processing is distributed.
Output module
Isolato r
CPU
Isolato r Data/Communication processing
Data/Communication processing
A/D conversion
D/A conversion
Signal conversion
V/I conversion
Analog output
Analog input
TE33Q4T30-01E
CPU
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Distributed Control System (2) Distributed control and centralized operation & monitoring
Control Network FCU
FCU
CPU
CPU
The concept of computation processingI/O of Image the distributed control system. Independent control stations for each plant. Node Control processing is distributed.
FCU
CPU
CPU
I/O Image
Node
CPU
CPU
I/O Image
Node
I/O Image
I/O Image
I/O Image
I/O
I/O
I/O
Field Control Station Plant A TE33Q4T30-01E
Field Control Station Plant B 9
Field Control Station Utility
YOKOGAWA
System Overview
CS1000/CS3000 Fundamental Course Textbook A-2 System Overview 01. Basic Concepts of DCS 02. System Configuration
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CENTUM CS Lineup • CENTUM CS 3000 R3 DCS based on Windows for large-scale factories The new production control system of Yokogawa. The CENTUM CS 3000 R3 features sophisticated functions and components to meet all production state requirements.
• CENTUM CS 1000 R3 DCS based on Windows for small- and medium-scale factories The CENTUM CS 1000 R3 has the same architecture as CS 3000. It is specifically designed for the requirements for the middle and small scale plants.
• CENTUM CS DCS based on UNIX for large-scale factories The CENTUM CS was put on market in 1993. Since then, the CENTUM CS proudly keeps its overwhelming high reliability.
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History of DCS Development of digital control technology and Yokogawa’s DCS.
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Position of DCS Total information system in manufacturing.
Customer management
Demand prediction
Order reception
Production plan
Business system
Order
Production management
DCS
Process control management
Production system
(Production control system)
Production equipment
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Concepts of Modern DCS
Open information network Operator/work station ( Open environment ) Real-time control network Advanced control station ( RISC processor ) Field bus Intelligent devices (with basic control functions)
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CENTUM CS Configuration HIS (Operator station) The interface functions of operation and monitoring are executed by HIS.
V-net (Communication bus) Real-time control network TIC101 PID
FCS (Control station) I/O operations to and from the field, control computation and so on are executed by FCS.
FIC101 PID ooo
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CS and Single Loop Controller
YS100 Single loop controller
16
Computation Output conversion
TIC004
TIC003
TIC002
TIC001
Output processing (D/A conversion)
TIC001
I/O modules
TIC004
Input processing (A/D conversion)
TIC003
Node
TIC002
HIS
I/O images
ESB or RIO bus
TE33Q4T30-01E
V net
TIC004
TIC003
(Field Control Unit)
TIC002
FCU
TIC001
Control computation
Input conversion
FCS
YOKOGAWA
Signal Flow in CS (Example) Measuring range is set by each function block. OUT Process variable PV Engineering data Ex. 350 ºC
Engineering data SET Ex. 6.5 M3/M
FIC100
IN
TIC100
PID
PID IN
-200 – 1200 ºC Digital data
Terminal connection (Soft-wiring) Process variable PV Engineering data Ex. 5.2 M3/M
OUT 0 – 100 % Digital data
0 – 100% Digital data
I/O (PIO) connection (Soft-wiring)
0 – 100% Digital data
Internal RIO/ESB bus communication
I/O images -200 – 1200 ºC Digital data
0 – 100 % Digital data A/D
-5.9 – 48.8mV Analog data
A/D
4 - 20mA Analog data
-200 – 1200 ºC Type K TC TE33Q4T30-01E
D/A
4 - 20mA Analog data
Field device connection (Hard-wiring)
0 - 10.0 M3/M 17
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System Function Concept Production Management (MES*, PIM**) Ethernet communication
Operation & Monitoring Function (HIS)
Engineering Function* (ENG) *Can be executed by HIS.
V-net/VL-net communication
Control Function (FCS) CENTUM CS1000/CS3000 *MES: Manufacturing Execution System
Subsystem (PLC, DARWIN etc)
Process I/O, Subsystem I/O, Fieldbus I/O etc.
**PIM: Plant Information Management
Field Devices (Production Plant) TE33Q4T30-01E
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Features of Operation & Monitoring Functions Features of HIS operation and monitoring functions: ■ Keeping abreast of the operation environments for the modern technology The human-machine interface (HMI) uses a generic PC and Windows 2000 or Windows XP. This allows to use the most modern PC as a hardware and to keep abreast of the development of Windows as software. ■ Integration of the PC and DCS HIS operation is done by the mouse as the operation for the general applications for Windows. Displayed diagrams and operation methods are the same as the conventional DCS. It allows to accustom to the operation environments easy. ■ Many-sided operation environments for plant operating conditions The maximum of 4000 user-defined windows are provides for the CENTUM CS 3000*. It allows to create display windows freely for the operation environments. The plant can be operated not only by an optional operation keyboard or touch panels as in the conventional DCS, but also by the mouse as in the office PC. Maximum 1000 for CENTUM CS 1000.
TE33Q4T30-01E
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Features of Control Functions Features of the control functions of FCS: ■ High reliability control The highly reliable dual-redundant controller used for many years is employed to realize non-stop control. ■ The optimum control stations selectable for a scale or conditions of plant The standard (centralized) type that controls many distributed I/O points by a control unit or the compact (distributed) type that controls by distributing the control units in a plant, which enables high speed communications by distributing the load of control. These control stations can be used up to *256 for a system. It enables to cope with from a small scale plant to a very large scale plant. (* 24 stations for CENTUM 1000) ■ Control functions that easily realizes the various applications for the plant By not only a standard PID control and a sequential control function, but also a batch control function based on the ISA S88 standard, the control functions can cope with from a mass production to a flexible production (many-kinds and small-quantity). ■ Coping with intelligent field devices The control load can be distributed to a field side with the FOUNDATION fieldbus. This increases an operation efficiency of the control stations that enables the advanced controls. The parameters in devices regardless of vendors can be read in the DCS.
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Features of Engineering Functions Features of the engineering functions of ENG: ■ Easy creation of functions The system is created with the software on a generic PC in interactive way and with the minimum settings. Engineering data can be reused and edited with general Windows software. This enables standardization and parallel engineering and leads to a higher quality and a reduction of engineering time. The simulator that has the same data base as the actual controller can be operated on a generic PC. It realizes the environments of the actual operations (virtual test function). A single loop test without an actual controller or an experimental system configuration test is enabled. ■ On-line documentation All of the users manuals is electronic documents and they are provided with CD-ROM’s. The file format is PDF (Portable Document Format) that is the standard electronic documents on the internet. These electronic documents can be read not only in sequence as in the usual documents, but also can be read and printed on demand during engineering.
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System Configuration (CS1000) Console type HIS
Desktop type HIS
No. of monitoring tags: 8,000 No. of stations: 24 No. of domain: 1 No. of HIS: Max. 8 VL-net extension: 185 m*
Ethernet (Optional)
VL-net
Compact type PFCS
* Extension length is for 10Base2 cable.
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System Configuration (CS3000 small) Console type HIS
Ethernet
Desktop type HIS
No. of monitoring tags: 8,000 No. of stations: 256 No. of domains: 16 No. of stations per domain: 64 No. of HIS: Max. 16 V-net extension: 500m*
Communication gateway unit
CGW
V-net Bus Converter
BCV
CS3000 in another domain or XL/μXL
Compact type FFCS-S (for FIO)
Supervisory computer
Out of the system The BCV connects the stations on the V/VL-net on another domain. Other non-V net systems manufactured by Yokogawa may be connected via BCV.
* Extension length is for 10Base5 cable. TE33Q4T30-01E
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System Configuration (CS3000) Console type HIS
Desktop type HIS
No. of monitoring tags: 100,000 (Expandable up to 1,000,000) No. of stations: 256 No. of domains: 16 No. of stations per domain: 64 No. of HIS: Max. 16 V-net extension: 500m*
Ethernet
Communication gateway unit
CGW
V-net
Bus converter
BCV
CS3000 in another domain or XL/μXL
Compact Type SFCS
ooo ooo
Supervisory computer
Out of the system (Sub-system)
Standard FCS Standard FCS (for RIO) (for FIO)
* Extension length is for 10Base5 cable. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Engineering Environment in TC Ethernet
HIS 0124
HIS 0123
Engineering data
VL net
Left-hand side HIS is HIS0124, which has an engineering database. (Use Reactor A control system.) FCS 0101 (PFCS)
Right-hand side HIS is HIS0123, which has no engineering database. HIS0123 shares the database with HIS0124. (Use Reactor B control system.)
HIS0124 should be activated before HIS0123.
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Sub-system Integration Desktop type HIS
Ethernet General-purpose PC
The subsystem communication function enables CENTUM to use the data of PLC’s, recorders, measuring systems as the data from process I/O.
GSGW (OPC client)
V-net Compact Type FCS
OPC* Server
General-purpose subsystem gateway
Subsystem communication module
Subsystem communication network
Subsystem communication network
Subsystem Subsystem
* OPC: OLE for Process Control TE33Q4T30-01E
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Remote Desktop Function HIS
LAN
Internet / Intranet
V-net
PC ooo
LFCS
TE33Q4T30-01E
KFCS
The remote desktop function of Windows XP Professional enables to use the functions of CENTUM CS 3000 from the remote location. By logging on the host machine from a client machine, the client machine can execute operation and monitoring or builder functions. It is also possible to log on the host machine via internet. 27
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Operation & Monitoring Station (HIS) CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook PART-B Operation and Monitoring Station B-1 Operation and Monitoring Common Items B-2 System Message and Navigator Windows B-3 Standard Operation and Monitoring Windows
Desk Top HIS
Open Style Console HIS
TE33Q4T30-01E
Solid Style Console HIS
1
YOKOGAWA
Common Items CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook B-1 Operation and Monitoring Common Items 01. Operation and Monitoring Station (HIS) 02. Configuration of Operation and Monitoring Stations 03. HIS Desktop Window Mode Operational Environment of Desktop
04. Window Size 05. Window Name 06. Window Hierarchy 07. Window Closing 08. Circulate Windows 09. Dynamic Window Set 10. Print Screen 11. Rotate Windows 12. Panel Set 13. Operation Group TE33Q4T30-01E
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Operation & Monitoring Station (HIS) Solid Style Console 18” LCD / 21” Upper CRT (Optional) Touch panel (Optional) 18” LCD / 21” CRT General Purpose PC Drawer Operation Keyboard Engineering Keyboard (Keyboard for PC)
TE33Q4T30-01E
Mouse (Mouse for PC)
3
Solid Style Console Kit
YOKOGAWA
Operation & Monitoring Station (HIS) Open Style Console 18” Upper LCD (Optional) Touch panel (Optional) 18” LCD Operation Keyboard (Optional)
Drawer
Engineering Keyboard (Keyboard for PC)
TE33Q4T30-01E
General Purpose PC Mouse (Mouse for PC) 4
Open Style Console Kit
YOKOGAWA
Console Type HIS
Open style console
Solid style console
Mouse pad Drawer for engineering keyboard
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General Purpose PC in Console
General purpose PC in a console.
The merit of using general purpose PC: • The latest hardware models are available. • Easy hardware maintenance. • Out of dated hardware can be easily renewed with a minimum investment.
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Cards Installed in PC Two kinds of card are installed to the PC for using the PC exclusively as the HIS. • Control bus interface card (VF701*): The card is the V-net/VL-net system communication card, which is installed to the PC/AT compatible PC. * Every HIS needs this card.
• Extended interface card for a Console Type HIS (AIP261**): The card connects with the interface relay board attached to the power distribution board via a dedicated cable. It realizes functions such as communication with the operation keyboard and the touch panels, monitoring the temperature and fans, and output/input of contact signals. ** This card is not necessary for a desk top HIS, as the HIS does not use a console kit.
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Control Bus Interface Card (VF701) The control bus interface card is installed in a PCI slot of the general purpose PC. The card connects the PC to V-net/VLnet for communication.
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Operation Keyboard (Optional) Operation keyboard for single loop operation (desk top type HIS). Mode transfer key switch
Built-in speaker
32 Function keys Confirmation keys Window call keys Scroll keys Data input keys Cursor move keys
Alarm acknowledgement keys
The operation keyboard for the console type HIS enables 8-loop operation at a time. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Operation Keyboard Operation keys on keyboard Process alarm window call
Overview window call
Operator guide window call
System status overview window call
Control window call
Navigator window call
Trend window call
Upper window call
Auxiliary
Circulate
TE33Q4T30-01E
Tuning Graphic window window call call
window erase
Process report window call
Help dialog call
Print screen
Buzzer rest
Left sibling window call
Cursor move
Display
Alarm acknowledgment
Right sibling window call
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Operation Keys for Instruments Target key: The key transfers operating data from MV to SV during manual mode (MAN). INC key: The key increases data. 1 % of full-scale data increases every 0.2 seconds while the key is pressed. It takes 20 seconds to change 100%. DEC key: The key decreases data. 1 % of full-scale data decreases every 0.2 seconds while the key is pressed. It takes 20 seconds to change 100%. Speed-up key: Pressing this key together with INC key or DEC key accelerates the changing speed 4 times. CAS key: The key transfers the block mode to cascade (CAS) or semiautomatic mode (SEMI). Pressing this key together with AUT key transfers to cascade mode, with MAN key transfers to semi-automatic mode. MAN key: The key transfers the block mode to manual (MAN).
AUT key: The key transfers the block mode to automatic (AUT). TE33Q4T30-01E
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Access Mode Transfer Key Switch Builder operation is only possible in ENG mode.
TE33Q4T30-01E
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Operation and Monitoring Functions
Basic functions for operation and monitoring: • Operation and monitoring window functions as graphic windows. • Trend window functions to save and redisplay trends. • Message window functions to output operator guide and alarm messages. • Function key functions that simplify operations. (Operation keyboard)
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Operation and Monitoring Functions Common Functions Window Call Operation window mode System message window Window hierarchy Navigator window Dynamic window set Circulate function Alarm processing function Print screen function
Operation & Monitoring Support Functions
Operation & Monitoring Windows Graphic window Control window
System status overview window System alarm window
Overview window Tuning window
FCS status display window BCV status display window
Trend window Process alarm window
HIS setup window Time set dialog
Ope. Guide window Message monitoring window
Help dialog
Control Status Display Windows
Process report function Historical message report function
Control drawing window Sequence table window
Security function
Logic chart window SEBOL window
Logging function Desktop setting function Voice message function ITV connecting function Multiple monitoring function Extended alarm filtering function Remote desktop function
TE33Q4T30-01E
System Maintenance Functions
SFC window
FCS Data Set / Save Functions Web Monitoring Functions Builder Definition Referring Functions 14
Trend Functions Trend Tuning trend Trend display of other stations Long term data saving function Expert trend display function Output function to external recorder
Open Interface Historical Message Integration
YOKOGAWA
Capacities The table shows the operation and monitoring function capacity. CS1000
CS3000
No. of monitoring tags No. of user defined windows Communication data of graphic window Modify conditions of graphic window Modify conditions of object No. of faceplate display
8,000 tags 1,000 / HIS 200 / windows 100 / windows 8 / object 16 windows
100,000 tags 4,000 / HIS 400 / windows 200 / windows 8 / object 16 windows
No. of trend samples No. of trend window display pens Tuning trend periods No. of tuning trend reserve points No. of 1 sec/10 sec trend points No. of 1 min to 10 min trend points No. of total trends No. of other station trends
2,880 data 8 pens 1 second 16 points 256 points (2 blocks) 1,024 points (8 blocks) 1,024 points (8 blocks) 1,024 points (8 blocks)
2,880 data 8 pens 1 second 16 points 256 points (2 blocks) 2,560 points (20 blocks) 6,500 points (50 blocks) 3,840 points (30 blocks)
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HIS Desktop Screen modes and operation environments can be set on the HIS desktop according to operation customs and security. Screen Mode: Either full screen mode or window mode is selectable. (HIS Setup) Operation Environment: Either Windows standard or CENTUM desktop is selectable. (HIS Utility) Operation environment setting requires the system administrator authority and HIS restart. Environment switching during operation is not possible. When both full screen mode and CENTUM desktop are used, the display similar to CENTUM CS displays are obtained.
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Operation Screen Mode There two operation screen modes: Full screen mode and window mode. Full Screen Mode: The mode that displays a window over the entire screen.
Window Mode: The mode that displays windows in the usual form of overlapped windows.
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Full Screen Mode In the full screen mode, a single operation and monitoring window, excluding a system message window, is displayed over the entire screen. That window is called a main (or primary) window and other windows are called auxiliary (or secondary) windows.
Window is displayed as the main window when the window is called without size specification or –SL specification.
Window is displayed as the auxiliary window when the window is called with –SM or -SC specification.
A single main window and 5 auxiliary windows can be displayed on default setting. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Window Mode In the window mode, all the windows are displayed overlapped in Windows way. Maximize, minimize, close operations and so on are the same as Windows general applications. Operation buttons are displayed as the windows applications.
Up to 6 operation and monitoring windows can be displayed on default setting. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Mode Switching Operation and monitoring screen mode of CS1000/CS3000 can be switched from HIS setup window.
Screen mode switching (Needs HIS restart)
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HIS Desktop Operation Environment Two desktop environments are provided for CS1000/CS3000. ● Windows Standard Environment: The standard desktop when the Windows was installed. The standard Windows operation, such as to start general applications or to access to the network can be executed during the operation and monitoring of process.
Shutdown and restart operations of HIS are the same as the operations of a usual PC. TE33Q4T30-01E
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HIS Desktop Operation Environment ● CENTUM Desktop Environment: The environment that emphasizes on process operation and monitoring. Main differences from Windows environments are;
•[Shutdown], [Run] and [Search] won’t be displayed on the [Start] menu. •Neither command prompt nor Explorer can be started. •No icons on the desktop. •Context menu may not be displayed by right-clicking the taskbar.
Shutdown and restart operations of HIS require S3 privilege. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Desktop Environment Setup The switching of the desktop environment is specified with HIS utility dialog by the system administrator. When [Auto logon] and [Startup] are ticked, the HIS starts when the power for the HIS turns on.
Desktop environment setup
Automatic startup of operation and monitoring functions of HIS are also set by this utility. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Window Display Size The window display size can be selected from the following three sizes: In window mode: • When the Large size is specified (-SL) : 80% width of the screen • When the Medium size is specified (-SM): 50% width of the screen • When the Special size is specified (-SC): The size varies with the design at creation. (No scaling, Individual windows) In full screen mode: • When
the Large size is specified (-SL) : 100% width of the screen
(The large size window is referred to as a main window, and other windows are as auxiliary windows.)
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Display Position The display position of the called window can be specified beforehand. The display position is specified using X and Y coordinates. The specification range falls within 0 to 32676. The window display position is specified in the format given below: =+X coordinate + Y coordinate 100
X coordinate ： The X coordinate the left edge of the screen is set as origin.
200
(+200,+100)
Y coordinate ： The Y coordinate the upper edge of the screen is set as origin.
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Name (Window Name) • Window Name: Each window has its own window name. The window can be called by entering the window name in [Input Window Name] dialog on the system message window. Built-in system window name (System window name) and userdefined window name (User-defined window name) are provided. System Window Name: (The system widow names are seldom used in the actual operation.) Built-in system windows can be called. Ex. .AL (Process alarm window) .SO (System status overview window)
User-defined Window Name: User-defined window names are used to call user defined graphic windows and so on. User-defined window name can be defined freely with up to 16 letters of English (upper case only) including underscores and hyphens. Ex. REACT-A-GR TE33Q4T30-01E
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Name (Tag Name) • Tag name: The names, which are assigned to identify function blocks, elements and so on in the control stations are called tag names. There are two kinds of the tag names; system tag names and user-defined tag names. System tag name: The system tag name is the built-in default tag name and used to call elements and so on. It consists of % [element code] [element number] S [domain number] [station number]. Ex. %SW0100S0101 (common switch) The system tag name format. %aabbbbSccdd aa: Element identifier bbbb: Element No. cc: Domain No. dd: Station No.
User-defined tag name: Used to call user-defined function blocks or elements. The userdefined tag name can be defined freely with up to 16 letters (upper case only) and numerical figures including underscores and hyphens. Ex. TE33Q4T30-01E
TIC102-A 27
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Window Hierarchy Every operation and monitoring window can be organized systematically based on the concept “window hierarchy”. The window hierarchy enables calling a window in the lower hierarchy from one in the upper hierarchy, and alarm monitoring operation.
Hierarchy 1 (Upper) Hierarchy 2 Hierarchy 3 (Lower)
When a window hierarchy is used, the desired window can be called directly without having to remember the window name. Also the hierarchical relationship of the windows can be understood visually. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Calling up Window ● Calling Operation and Monitoring Window Directly This method calls a window directly by selecting a button of the window or by entering the window name. • Calling windows from the system message window. • Calling windows from the navigator window. • Calling windows by entering its name. • Calling windows from the operation and monitoring window toolbar. • Calling windows based on window calling definition. • Calling windows from the operation keyboard.
● Calling Windows in Association with the Function Blocks This method calls windows by selecting objects or messages associated with the function blocks. ● Calling Windows based on the Window Hierarchy This method calls windows by using the window calling buttons provided by the system message window or operation keyboard based on a reference window. TE33Q4T30-01E
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System Message Window The system message window provides following menu buttons: • Toolbox button • Preset menu button • Operation menu button • Window call menu button
Clicking these buttons displays menus and a toolbox that are used to call the operation and monitoring windows.
An example of calling a window from [Window Call Menu] button on the system message window.
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Navigator Window In the navigator window, the window hierarchy is displayed together with the window icons. From the navigator window, a specific window in the hierarchy can be called up, or an upper window or a sibling window of the current window can be called up.
An example of calling a specific window from the navigator window.
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Entering Window Name (1) The name input dialog box is called from the system message window or the operation keyboard to enter the window name. Input Format in the Input Window Name Dialog Box: The following is the input format used when calling up windows from the Input Window Name dialog box.
Window name {nFunction type} {nDisplay size} {nDisplay position}
100 200
{ }: Items in brackets can be omitted. n: A space
Lower case characters change automatically to upper-case characters. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Entering Window Name (2) Recalling a Window: Up to 8 window names previously entered in the name input dialog box are saved. By clicking the window name display button, the saved window names are displayed in the pull-down menu. To call up a window, select the window name and then click on [OK] button.
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Toolbar Associated windows can be called using the call button provided in the operation and monitoring window toolbar.
Example: The toolbar of the tuning window provides buttons to call associated windows with the function block (control drawing window).
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Window Call Definition By assigning a window call function to a graphic or a function key beforehand using the system generation function, a window can be called by operating the graphic object or the function key.
Example: By double clicking on the touch target (object) assigned on the tag name, defined tuning window of the tag can be directly called.
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Operation Keyboard An operation and monitoring window can be called up directly by pressing the window call key.
Window call key
A graphic window can be directly called from the graphic window call key.
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Function Blocks When a window calling button or key is operated while selecting an object or message associated with the function block, the window associated with the selected function block can be called directly. For example, when the function block TIC102-A is being selected, from the tool box:
The trend window containing the selected function block is called. The process alarm individual acknowledge window associated with the selected function block is called. The help dialog associated with the selected function block is called.
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Window Call by Hierarchy (1) When window call buttons or keys are operated while no object or message is selected in the window, the reference window based on the window hierarchy or the window related to the window that is active at the time of the call is called up. However, when an upper window is defined with the function block definition builder, the defined window is called up first. When the upper window is defined, the defined upper window can be called neglecting the window hierarchy for the operation and monitoring functions. An upper window can be freely defined with the builder function.
Window hierarchy TE33Q4T30-01E
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Window Call by Hierarchy (2) When window call buttons or keys are operated while no object or message is selected in the window, the window based on the reference window is called up. For example, from the tool box:
Previously displayed trend window is called. When no previous trend window exists, the most upper window in the hierarchy is called.
All alarms are displayed.
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Window Call by Hierarchy (3) When a user-defined window call button in the system message window is clicked while the user-defined window is active, the user-defined window that is lower in hierarchy is called.
For example, while REACT-A-OV window is active, the graphic call button is clicked, REACT-A-GR window which is lower in hierarchy is called.
Active window TE33Q4T30-01E
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Upper Hierarchy Window Call When the active window has an upper hierarchy window, that upper hierarchy window can be called.
For example, while REACT-A-CG2 window is active, the upper window call button is clicked, REACT-A-OV window which is upper in hierarchy is called.
Upper hierarchy window
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Sibling Window Call Widows of the same type and belonging to the same window hierarchy are called sibling windows. When a displayed window has sibling windows, by clicking on the right or left hierarchy widow call button in the toolbox, the sibling window is called.
For example, while REACT-A-OV window is active, the right sibling window call button is clicked, REACTB-OV window which is in the same hierarchy is called. Windows of the same type and same hierarchy.
The left button calls the upper located and the right button calls lower located sibling window. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Display Always Window A total of up to 6 operation and monitoring windows can be displayed at one time. If an additional operation and monitoring window not currently displayed is called up, when already 6 operation and monitoring windows are displayed, the first displayed window is erased and newly called window is displayed. When [Display always] is in effect, the operations and monitoring window specified as [Display always] won’t be erased even new operation and monitoring window is called. Default setting
Display always
Any number of operation and monitoring windows can be specified as the [Display always] window. It is possible to specify 6 windows as [Display always]. However, window erasing is the same for the windows not [Display always]. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Window Closing The method to close each window is the same as to close the Windows general application windows.
Window close button
Close All Windows: All windows can be closed with [Clear all] button in the system message window or [Clear all] key on the operation keyboard. Clear all button [Clear all] button on the operation and monitoring window closes all operation and monitoring windows except the system message window. (The Windows general application windows are not included.) TE33Q4T30-01E
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Circulate Windows The window circulate function toggles between the top and bottom positions of the operation and monitoring window group and the Windows general application window group. Circulate button
Circulate operation
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Dynamic Window Set The dynamic window set saves the currently displayed operation and monitoring windows with window names, display positions, display sizes and so on as a dynamic window set. Dynamic window set save button Dynamic window set release button
For example, save the active REACT-A-CG window displaying multiple windows as a dynamic window set. When the REACT-A-CG window is recalled, the saved window set is displayed.
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Dynamic Window Set The dynamic widow set common for all users and the dynamic widow set for each user exist. It is defied with the HIS setup window. Saved dynamic window set can be confirmed.
Up to 50 dynamic widow sets can be saved. If the multiple save operations are executed for the same reference window, only the last window set is saved. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Print Screen The print screen function prints or stores in a file or output to a printer the entire screen or the window image (Max. 10 files). The screen image stored in the file can be displayed in the image window. Window name is ‘Image’.
Copy button in the toolbar stores screen image.
Image file display button in the tool box calls the image window.
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Rotate Windows The window rotate function toggles between the top and bottom positions of the operation and monitoring windows.
Rotate button Rotate operation
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Panel Set (CS3000) The panel set function enables to call up multiple windows together to multiple HIS. Combination of several windows that are frequently used can be defined as a panel set and the panel set can be called up with one-touch operation. (CS3000 function) The panel set call operation defined on a function key displays the defined panel set on the own HIS, or notifies the panel set name to other HIS that is defined by the builder. The other HIS display the notified panel set. HIS0124
PSET operation of HIS0124
HIS0123
PSET notification to HIS0123
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Operation Group and Buzzer ACK ID •Operation Group A number of HIS on the same communication bus system configured as the same operation group. The operation and monitoring can be performed in the unit of group. This group is called an operation group. The operation group functions are such as the acknowledgement of operator guide messages, panel set call and the deletion of messages.
•Buzzer ACK ID A number of HIS on the same communication bus system is able to have the same buzzer ACK ID. The buzzer ACK ID is the function to reset the buzzer of other HIS having the same buzzer ACK ID by the acknowledge operation with a single HIS. TE33Q4T30-01E
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System Message and Navigator Windows
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook B-2 System Message and Navigator Windows 01. System Message Window 02. Navigator Window
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System Message Window System message window of CS1000/CS3000 (Window mode)
System message window
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System Message Window The system message window consists of a toolbar, message display area, icon display area and date and time display area. Displays the latest alarms and messages and calls various operation and monitoring windows via button operation. This window enables basic operation and monitoring of a plant collectively. The system message window is called up automatically when HIS starts up. The window is displayed at the front of other windows except the toolbox. Toolbar
Date and time display area
Icon display area
Message display area TE33Q4T30-01E
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Toolbar The toolbar is used to call the operation and monitoring windows. It also indicates the status of generated alarms by its button color and flashing state. Circulate
Process alarm window * System alarm window *
Clear-all Buzzer reset
Operator guide window *
Hard copy
Message monitoring window
User-in dialog ¤ Window call menu ¤ Operation menu
Name input dialog Navigator window ¤ Toolbox ¤ Pull-down menu exists. * Color and flashing state may change.
¤ Preset window menu TE33Q4T30-01E
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Tool Box Display always
Image Rotate
System status display Help
Large size
Process alarm Operator guide
Middle size Builder call * Drawing call *
Control
* Optional Release window set
Tuning
Save window set
Trend
Overview
Graphic Process report Historical report
Right (Sibling window call downward) Upper Left (Sibling window call upward)
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Tool-hint When the mouse cursor is brought near a tool button, the tool-hint (button name) may popped up. If not, click on the toolbar to make active and try again. Toolbar ( system message window)
Toolbox
Toolbox
Graphic
The form of the toolbox can be changed and displayed always. A window call with a single action is possible without an operation keyboard.
See Supplement II. Toolbars of Various Windows. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Menu Display from Toolbar Toolbox
Preset window menu
Operation menu
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Message Display Area On the message display area of the system message window, the latest unacknowledged single message among process alarm messages, annunciator messages and system alarm messages is displayed. When unacknowledged messages exist, the corresponding buttons may flash. When the message display button or the message display area is clicked, the latest 5 unacknowledged messages are pull-down displayed.
Message display area
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Icon Display Area In the icon display area of the system message window, icons that indicate the state of the own station or the system is displayed.
System view is operating Icon display area Under virtual test I/O is disconnected (Under test condition) Equalization is required Isolated HIS No icons are displayed while the operation is normal. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Navigator Window HIS classifies all user-defined windows used for the operation and monitoring, and displays hierarchically. With this display, the user can grasp the architecture of the windows used in the system at a glance. The window is called the navigator window.
Toolbar User-defined windows Hierarchical pane
Window pane
System-defined windows Recipe-related windows Status bar TE33Q4T30-01E
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Toolbar in Navigator Window The navigator window consists of a toolbar, a window hierarchy display area and a status bar. Selected window call (similar to a double-clicking) Display window in large size Display window in middle size
Move to the currently active window pane.
Display window in default size.
When the window saved as a reference window of a window set is called up in default size, the window set is displayed.
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Icons in Navigator Window On the side of the window names in the navigator widow, the icons that indicate the widow types are displayed. Top hierarchy (User-defined window, system window, receipt related window) Graphic window (overview attribute)
System status overview window
Graphic window (graphic attribute)
HIS setup window
Graphic window (control attribute)
System alarm window
Trend window
FCS status display window
Process alarm window
BCV status display window
Operator guide window
Process report window
Shortcut window (e.g. for graphic window)
Product overview window Product control window
Icons frequently used window types.
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Alarm Display in Navigator Window The colors of the icons for windows that indicate states of alarms or messages change according to the alarm occurrence status. The users, therefore, can visually determine in which of the function block being monitored in the window is generating the alarm. • Entire icon is red Indicates there is an unacknowledged alarm.
• Entire icon is green Indicates that the alarm returned to normal state but not acknowledged.
• Icon’s edge is red Indicates there is an acknowledged alarm.
• Icon’s edge is green Indicates that no alarm occurs. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Standard Windows CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook B-3 Standard Operation and Monitoring Windows 01. Faceplate Window 02. Graphic Window 03. Overview Window 04. Control Window 05. Tuning Window 06. Trend Window 07. Process Alarm Window 08. Operator Guide Window 09. Message Monitoring Window
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Faceplate Window The faceplate window is used not only for monitoring but also for setting or operating directly any function blocks (controllers, indicators, transfer switches etc.) and internal elements (internal switches, timers, counters etc.) defined in the control system. One faceplate window is provided for each function block and internal element. The instrument faceplate that is called up directly is referred to as the faceplate window.
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Faceplate Window Configuration The instrument faceplate consists of the following elements: Comment display area Status display area Parameter display area
Instrument display area
Operation mark
Data entry dialog box call button TE33Q4T30-01E
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Status / Parameter Display Area The status display area and the parameter display area consist of the following elements: Tag mark
Cascade mark
(AOF color)
Block mode
CAL AOF
Alarm OFF status
Alarm status Engineering unit Calibration status Data item name According to the type of instruments or control functions block status or CMP mark may be displayed.
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Tag Mark Type The tag mark indicates the tag importance level and the status of the function block. All function blocks have the tag mark. There are following types of the tag mark according to its importance level: Auxiliary tag
General tag
Important tag
The functions related to the tag importance are as follows: Acknowledgement at operation. Alarm flashing. Alarm re-warning. ● Important tag Alarm processing level 1 Locked type flashing with rewarning function Acknowledgement required at operation ● General tag Alarm processing level 2 Locked type flashing
See Supplement III. Alarm Priority. TE33Q4T30-01E
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● Auxiliary tag Alarm processing level 3 Non-locked type flashing
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Tag Mark Color The table below shows an example of the tag mark color and alarm status correspondence. Color
Process Status
Examples of Alarm Status
Blue
Alarm output off
AOF
Red
Alarm occurrence
LO, HI, IOP, LL, HH, OOP
Yellow
Alarm occurrence
±DV, ±VEL, MLO, MHI
Green
Normal
NR
White
No alarm function provided
-
Gray
Communication error
-
Flashing red Alarm message has been initiated but not been acknowledged.
Flashing green Alarm recovery message has been initiated but not been acknowledged.
Constant red or green Alarm message or recovery message has been initiated and acknowledged. See Supplement V. Alarm Status. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Alarm Actions High and medium priority alarm.
Low priority alarm.
Logging and reference alarm.
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Re-warning Alarm • Timer repeated warning: The timer repeated warning function outputs the message at each repeated warning cycle.
Operation by re-warning Acknowledgement
Operation by re-warning
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Flashing state of Tag Mark Tag mark color and flashing states transition. Alarm absent state Flashing OFF
Acknowledgement
Alarm absent state Flashing ON
Occurrence Recovery
Alarm present state Flashing OFF
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Recovery
Acknowledgement
Re-warning (High-priority alarm) 73
Occurrence
Alarm present state Flashing ON
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Display Area of Instrument The display area of the instrument provides the bars that represent the manipulated output variable (MV) high and low limit, and the setpoint variable (SV) high, high-high, low, and low-low limit. Operation setpoint high-high limit (HH)
MV index (OPHI)
Operation setpoint high limit (PH)
MV high limit (MH)
Operation setpoint operation limit bar
MV operation key
SV operation key
MV operation limit bar MV low limit (ML)
Operation setpoint low limit (PL)
PV bar Operation setpoint low-low limit (LL)
MV index (OPLO) Open/Close mark
The operation exceeding limit values needs confirm operation. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Operation of Instrument Faceplate The following operations are possible with the instrument faceplate: • Block mode transfer • INC/DEC of data • Data input Block mode transfer operation: A single click on the block mode calls a bock mode transfer dialog.
MAN (Manual)
AUT (Auto)
CAS (Cascade)
Mode change is also possible with the mode change keys on the operation keyboard. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Operation of Instrument Faceplate Data INC/DEC operation:
Data input operation: When the data input dialog of the instrument faceplate is clicked, the data input dialog appears. The data item that corresponds to the red pointer appears. The data item can be selected by the item selection button.
When an operable pointer* is clicked, the INC/DEC operation dialog corresponding to the pointer appears.
INC/DEC operation button * [MAN]: MV & SV, [AUT]: SV, [CAS]: When the MV or SV is being manipulated, the pointer turns to red. When it is not manipulated, it turns to yellow.
Item selection button Data input area
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Graphic Window The graphic window with graphic attribute is the pane that users can freely create using various objects in order to recognize visually the state of the process control.
Setting operation: Necessary instruments can be called by intuition. It makes the operation simple and certain.
State monitoring: The state of pipe lines, valves, reactors and so on is displayed with different colors. It makes grasping the overall condition easier.
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Structure of Graphic Window Image output Alarm acknowledgement Instrument assignment dialog Data-bind transfer switch (Displayed only for data-bind function) Zooming dialog Toolbar Instrument faceplate display
Graphic display area
Elements consisting the toolbar are common for graphic, overview and control windows. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Data Bind Function System A Raw material FIC FIC101 Heating FIC FIC201 Heating TIC TIC201 Level LIC201
System A Charging FIC101
PV=XXXXL/M
PID Raw material
PV=XXXX
System B Raw material FIC FIC102 Heating FIC FIC202 Heating TIC TIC202 Level LIC202
TIC201 PID
When the system A PV=XXXXL/M is selected, tag names and data of the system A substitute to display. Steam
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FIC201 PID
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When the system B is selected, tag names and data of the system B substitute to display.
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Instrument Faceplate Assignment The instrument faceplate assignment can be changed temporary with the instrument assignment dialog. However, the Instrument faceplate size may not be changed. The defined instrument faceplate assignment is peculiar to the HIS that changed the assignment. If the graphic window definition is downloaded by the builder, this temporary defined assignment is no more effective. Displayed instrument faceplate Instrument faceplate assignment button
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Overview Window The overview window (a graphic window with overview attribute) is the window that collectively displays alarm status and so on for monitoring the process with assigned overview objects. This window that has the function to call up related windows can be used as a menu window by posting it to the top hierarchy of monitoring windows of overall plant.
Overview object: Tag name, window name, annunciator message or comment can be assigned on the overview object. Window switching function by touch target assignment and color modify function for alarm are also provided.
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Control Window (8-Loop) The control window (a graphic window with control attribute) displays the group of instruments in normal size used for the monitoring and operation. The maximum number of instruments displayed is 8. The normal size instrument can be used not only for monitoring but for operation.
Normal size instrument: The displayed instrument can be operated directly. By double-clicking the tag mark, the instrument faceplate is called.
Soft-key assignment: The soft-keys can be assigned for each instrument. Functions such as tuning window call may be assigned. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Control Window (16-Loop) This window displays the group of compact instruments used for the monitoring. The maximum number of instruments displayed is 16. The compact size instrument cannot be operated. Only for the monitoring. It is possible to assign both the normal size and the compact size on the 16-loop window. (e.g. 5 normal size and 6 compact size instruments.)
Compact size instruments: By double-clicking the tag mark, the instrument faceplate appears for operation.
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Tuning Window The tuning window displays the control status of the function block. It is also used for tuning the various control parameters, as well as for attaching and removing operation marks. The tuning window is automatically created when a function block is created with the builder.
Toolbar
Instrument faceplate
Tuning parameter display area
Tuning trend
Status bar TE33Q4T30-01E
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Tuning Window Toolbar The toolbar of the tuning window has buttons for tuning trend operation, operation mark installation/removal, mode transfer, related panel call and so on. Primary direct mode Displayed only when PRD mode is effective.
Operation mark Control drawing call Raw data display
Calibration mode Alarm off mode
Image output Alarm acknowledgement Trend acquisition reserve Stop/resume trend
Enlarge data axis Reduce data axis Reduce time axis
Tuning trend operation
Enlarge time axis TE33Q4T30-01E
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Tuning Trend The tuning trend acquires process data from the function block displayed in the tuning window and displays them as a graph. The sampling period is 1 second and the recording span is 48 minutes.
Display time span
Data axis reducing / enlarging rate
The process data items acquired from the function block and the corresponding display colors are: • Process variable (PV), calculated output value (CPV), feedback input data (FV) [Cyan] • Setpoint value (SV), switch position (SW) [White] • Manipulated output value (MV) [Magenta] The acquisition of tuning trend begins when the tuning window is called up and stops when the tuning window is closed. The reserve function can be used to continue the tuning trend data acquisition after the tuning window is closed. The maximum number of data can be reserved is 16 per HIS. If more than 16 data are reserved, the oldest data are deleted. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Control Drawing Window The control drawing window displays the function blocks defined in the control drawing builder and displays the controlling status and connecting status of that function blocks visually.
Toolbar Show/hide terminal names and data status. Control drawing display area
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Control Drawing Window The sequence table window can be used to monitor the scan status of the sequence table and the status of conditions.
Status bar color:
Toolbar
Yellow: Non-executing rule Green: Condition not satisfied Red: Condition satisfied
Condition pattern color:
Table display area
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Trend Window The trend window acquires different types of process data and displays time-series change in a graph. The maximum number of trend points can be displayed is 8.
Toolbar
Trend data display area
Numerical data display area
Status bar
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Structure of Trend The trend recording consists of the three layers of the trend blocks, the trend windows and the trend point windows. Trend block
Trend group
Trend block 01 TR0001 Trend block 02 TR0002 Trend block 03 TR0003
Trend group 1 TG0101 Trend group 2 TG0102 Trend group 3 TG0103
TG0101
Trend group 16 TG0116
Trend point window LIC300.PV 3 LIC300.PV
Trend block 50 TR0050
Trend window name TGbbgg bb: Block number gg: Group number
Trend window 1 FIC100.PV 2 TIC200.PV 3 LIC300.PV 4 5 6 7 8
Each trend block can specifies trend type and sampling period. Maximum number trend blocks for CS1000 is 8. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Trend Data Acquisition Types The data acquisition includes the following four types: Continuous-rotary type: Process data are acquired constantly. Data acquisition starts automatically after starting the operation and monitoring functions. When the storage capacity becomes full, the oldest data are deleted and replaced by new data.
Batch-stop type: Data acquisition starts and stops according to the received command. When the storage capacity becomes full, data acquisition stops.
Batch-rotary type: Data acquisition starts and stops according to the received command. If no stop command is given and the storage capacity becomes full, the oldest data are deleted and replaced by new data.
Trend acquired by other HIS: Trend data acquired by other HIS may be referenced in a unit of block. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Sampling Period and Recording Span The sampling period can be selected from 1 second, 10 seconds, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 5 minutes and 10 minutes for each trend block. No more than 18 blocks (8 blocks for CS1000) can be specified with the sampling periods of 1 minute, 2 minutes, 5 minutes and 10 minutes. No more than 2 trend blocks can be specified with the sampling period of 1 second or 10 seconds. 2,880 samples can be acquired per pen. The recording span indicates the time to acquire 2,880 samples for each trend in the specified sampling period. The table below shows the relationship between the sampling period and the recording span:
In order to preserve the trend data, save the each trend window as a file or utilize the long-term data archive function (optional). TE33Q4T30-01E
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Toolbar of Trend Window The trend window toolbar can be used to perform tasks such as reducing or enlarging the trend graph, batch trend operation, trend data save and redisplay.
Image output Not effective Pen assignment dialog Trend display update suspension Time axis reducing
Saved trend call Batch trend pause Batch trend start Trend recall
Display initializing Reference pattern display Pen number display Data axis enlarging Data axis reducing
Time axis enlarging TE33Q4T30-01E
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Long-term trend data save file: Displayed only when the long term data save function is effective.
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Trend Graph Display Area In the trend graph display area of the trend window, the trend data acquired according to the trend pen assignment are displayed.
Index mark (Cyan) Index mark left move button
Time at index mark
Index mark right move button
Time display ‘*’ mark may be added to the displayed time for time change or power failure.
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Data Display Area and Status Bar The instantaneous value of the trend data and function block information for each trend pen corresponding to the time specified by the trend graph index mark are displayed in the numeric trend data display area of the trend window. The trend gathering status, display span of the trend graph time and reducing/enlarging scale for the data axis on the trend graph is displayed on the status bar of the tend window.
Numeric trend data display area
Data item name
Instantaneous value
Status bar
Trend gathering status display
Data axis reducing/enlarging scale
Display span of trend graph time axis TE33Q4T30-01E
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Trend Point Window The trend point window displays one of the 8 points of the trend data assigned to trend window. It can be called up from the trend window by selecting a trend pen.
Toolbar
Data display area
Status bar
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Changing Displayed Trend Data In the trend window, the assigned trend pen may be changed.
Changing pen assignment displaying trend data: The builder defined pen assignment can be changed temporary by calling up the pen assignment dialog with the pen assignment button on the toolbar. To display the builder defined pen assignment, use display initialize button.
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Trend Data Save The acquired trend data can be saved in another file. Saving operation in the file is executed for the trend group unit. The saved trend can be redisplayed by clicking the display button to select the trend file. To save the displayed trend data, call up the Save AS dialog by clicking the data save button on the toolbar. Enter the file name and the position to save. The file extension “trf” is automatically added.
The saved trend data will be redisplayed on the trend window where the [Saved trend call] button was clicked. The originally displayed trend graph will be replaced. The original trend can be recalled with the [Trend recall] button. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Reference Pattern Assignment For the batch type trend, specified trend data can be assigned as a reference pattern.
Reference Patterns
The trend reference pattern, an ideal trend pattern such as the trend record by an operator with expertise can be displayed in the trend window. When the trend point window is displayed, the related reference pattern is also displayed.
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Process Alarm Window The process alarm window displays process alarms in the order they are generated starting with the most recent alarm. When the alarm is generated, the buzzer sounds and the process alarm button on the system message window and the LED of the process alarm key on the operation keyboard start flashing to notify the operator.
Toolbar
Message display area
Status bar
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Alarm Display Area The process alarm window displays process alarm messages and annunciator messages in the order that the latest message appears on the top. A maximum of 200 messages are held. If the number of messages occurred exceed 200, the messages will be deleted starting with the oldest ones that have been acknowledged. When there are no acknowledged messages, the oldest unacknowledged messages deleted first.
Alarm recovered Medium priority alarm Low priority alarm High priority alarm Filtered display rage
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Number of displayed messages
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Tag Mark Color and Status The tag mark flashes until the message is acknowledged.
Green: Normal recovery Red edge: HI alarm recovery Red frame: HH alarm recovery Red: HH alarm generation Red: HI alarm generation Red: LO alarm generation Green: Normal recovery Red: LO alarm recovery Red !: LO alarm re-warning Red: LO alarm generation
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Process Alarm Message Search The filter dialog can be used to display only specific process alarm messages.
Filter dialog Current process variable display High priority alarm display
Alarm display updating pause/restart
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Process Alarm Notification Flow System message window
Process alarm window
Graphic window Related window
Process alarm occurrence
Alarm acknowledgement
Navigator window
Save in file TE33Q4T30-01E
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Printout
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Operator Guide Window The operator guide window displays in order the operator guide messages occurred. When a message is initiated, buzzer is activated and the button on the system message window and the LED of the operator guide message key on the operation keyboard starts flashing to notify the operator.
Toolbar
Message display area
Status bar
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O. G. Message Display Area A maximum of 40 messages are held. If the number of messages occurred exceeds 40, the messages will be deleted starting with the oldest ones that have been acknowledged.
Interactive message button (For CS batch function only)
Operator guide message mark (The mark for the interactive is .)
Filtered display rage TE33Q4T30-01E
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O. G. Message Search The filter dialog can be used to display only specific operator guide messages. The filter button
on the toolbar is used to call up the filter dialog.
Equipment search
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Message Monitor Window The message monitor window acquires only specified messages from many messages and displays to confirm them in real-time.
Toolbar
Message display area
Status bar
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Message Monitor Window The messages to be displayed in the message monitor window are specified with the message registration dialog. The dialog specifies the message type, color and the number of messages.
Maximum number of messages Up to 200
Display message selection
Display color selection
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Message Search The filter dialog can be used to display only specific operation record messages.
The filter button on the toolbar is used to call up the filter dialog.
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Help Dialog Box The help dialog box displays the pre-defined help messages. It can be used as the on-line manual during operation. The help dialog box may be called up from an active operation and monitoring window, from a selected function block in the window or from a selected system alarm message by clicking the help button to display a related help message.
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Control Station (FCS) CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook PART- C Control Station C-1 Types of control Stations C-2 Node configuration C-3 I/O Devices C-4 Reliability of FCS C-5 Configuration of FCS Functions C-6 I/O Functions of FCS
Standard Type FCS
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Types of Control Stations CS3000 R3.04 has 8 types of FCS. RIO
Different memory capacity
SFCS Compact FCS
LFCS Standard FCS
(RIO)
(RIO)
LFCS2 Enhanced FCS (32M) (RIO)
FIO
Different memory capacity
FFCS Compact FCS
KFCS Standard FCS
(FIO)
(FIO)
KFCS2 Enhanced FCS (32M) (FIO)
RFCS2 Migration FCS (16M) (FIO,SIO)
RFCS5 Migration FCS (32M) (FIO,SIO)
For V, XL migration Common hardware
PFCS Compact FCS (RIO)
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For CS1000
Common hardware
FFCS-S Compact FCS
For small CS3000
(FIO)
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Structure of Various FCS Compact FCS for FIO (FFCS/FFCS-S)
Compact FCS for RIO (SFCS) The field control station that directly connects a control unit and I/O module nests. (No node is used.)
The field control station that directly connects a control unit and I/O units. (FFCS: with node, FFCS-S: without node)
Equivalent to PFCS of CS1000.
Standard FCS for RIO (LFCS)
Standard FCS for FIO (KFCS)
The field control station that connects a control unit and nodes with the RIO bus. (Maximum 8 nodes)
The field control station that connects a control unit and nodes with the ESB bus. (Maximum 10 nodes)
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Standard Type FCS Configuration Standard FCS for FIO KFCS
Standard FCS for RIO LFCS
FCU
FCU
(Field Control Unit)
(Field Control Unit) RIO bus
ESB bus
Node Interface Unit
I/O Modules Node
Node
I/O Units
SUB-system ER bus
SUB-system
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Control Station (KFCS)
Dual redundant control unit (FCU) in the standard cabinet.
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Dual Redundant Control Unit Dual redundant control unit (FCU) for KFCS.
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Compact Type FCS (FFCS) FCU
I/O modules
ESB bus interface modules
CPU modules
Power unit modules
Dual redundant control unit of FFCS (FCU) TE33Q4T30-01E
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Compact Type FCS (PFCS/SFCS) An example of rack mounted PFCS/SFCS: Control bus couplers
It consists of a FCU and I/O units.
CPU modules
FCU
Power supply modules
I/O Units
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Role of Node (LFCS)
RIO bus
Node for cabinet mount type
RIO bus connects FCU and nodes.
Control room
Long distance use.
Node for rack mount type
Optical bus repeater Node for rack mount type
Transmission distance of the optical bus repeaters is either max. 4 km or 15 km.
Bus repeater
Shortened wiring
Nodes can reduce the wiring lengths by planning the optimum system configuration.
Node for rack mount type
Field Node for rack mount type
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Node Installation (FIO) An example of the node for FIO: I/O modules are directly mounted to a backboard. I/O modules ESB bus interface modules Power supply modules
Cable tray
Node TE33Q4T30-01E
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Remote node unit uses ER bus interface unit.
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Node Installation (RIO) Analog I/O module nest (AMN11, AMN!2)
I/O module nest I/O module I/O module nest I/O modules
An example of node: I/O modules are installed to the I/O module nests.
IO U IO U
Analog I/O module Relay I/O module nest (AMN21)
Node
Relay I/O module
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I/O Modules CS3000 R3 has two different I/O modules:
RIO: Individually isolated highperformance I/O modules and multiplexer modules that utilize M4 screw terminals used by CENTUM CS for a long time. FIO: Newly developed multiplexer type I/O modules that are connectable to the already installed CENTUM-V and XL for replacement. They are compact and abundant in types. See Supplement IV. Input and Output Modules. TE33Q4T30-01E
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I/O Units and I/O Modules (LFCS)
Analog I/O module nest X8
Analog I/O module
Node
X4 (front) X5 (rear) An example of the analog I/O modules and the nest.
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I/O Terminal Addressing (RIO) Addressing of terminals for process connection:
%Znnuscc
An example of addressing Terminal number (01 to 32) Slot number (1 to 4) Unit number (1 to 5) Node number (01 to 08)
01
02
03 Slot 1
Nodes 1
I/O Units
Terminal 05
2 TI-1001
3
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I/O Modules (KFCS) Modules for KFCS ML connector
Pressure clamp terminal connector
• Terminal board used for single or dual TC/mV input (AET4D)
From field
KS cable interface adapter
I/O module
• Terminal board used for single or dual digital I/O (AED5D) KS cable
Variations of signal cable connection
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I/O Terminal Addressing (FIO) Format of process I/O terminal number (FIO FCS):
%Znnuscc Terminal (01 to 64) 1 fixed (Segment Nos. 1 to 4: Communication modules.) Slot (1 to 8) Node number (01 to 10)
An example of terminal number
PIO block
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Dual Redundant FCU Pair configuration with two CPUs.
Spare configuration with two FCU modules.
The CENTUM CS control station adopts “a pair and spare” configuration with spare FCU modules and pair CPUs in a module, which has never been introduced in the world. By collating the computation results, once a transient error is detected, immediately control right is switched to the standby side module. Since the standby module performs control computation synchronized with the control side, control is switched without loss of continuity. Temporary computation error which may not be prevented by the diagnostic program can be detected remarkably by collating the computation results from two CPUs. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Perfect Dual-Redundant Loop FCU RIO Bus card
RIO Bus card
RIO Bus
RIO Bus
RIO Slave card
RIO Slave card
NIU PSU
NIU PSU
Node Internal bus
FCU
RIO Bus card
RIO Bus card
RIO Bus
RIO Bus
RIO Slave card
RIO Slave card
NIU PSU
NIU PSU
Node Internal bus
Node Internal bus
Node Internal bus AAM51 AAM11
AAM11
Dual-redundant input modules (Optional)
AAM51
Dual-redundant output modules (Optional)
The dual-redundant input modules need a dual-redundant signal selector block (SS-DUAL).
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Flow of FCS Start
Initialized start
Restart
Start processing from the beginning of periodic processing. TE33Q4T30-01E
Continue processing from the discontinued point. 19
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Configuration of FCS Functions FCS control functions consist of the basic control functions, the software I/O functions and I/O interface functions. The basic control functions have various function blocks that perform control computations. The I/O interfaces include the process I/O and other interface functions. FCS Basic control
Software I/O
I/O interfaces
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Function Block and Control Drawing The function blocks, which are the minimum elements consisting the basic control function, and the control drawings, which connect multiple function blocks, configure the FCS control functions hierarchically.
TIC100 PID
Control drawing
Function block
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Function Block Function block: The function block is the minimum element that executes control computations. Regulatory control blocks, sequential control blocks, computation blocks, SFC blocks are the function blocks. The control functions can be described like an instrumentation flow sheet by connecting regulatory control, sequential control and computation blocks. Every function block should have a tag name and be stated on a control drawing.
FIC100
TI100
CU201
ST22-A
TIM201
PID
PVI
CALCU
ST16
TM
Function blocks (Regulatory control, Computation, Sequential control) See Supplement V. Function Block List. TE33Q4T30-01E
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I/O Functions of FCS The software I/O is the virtual I/O realized by the FCS software. Data setting or data reference to or from other function blocks or applications is possible.FCS
Basic control
Software I/O
The I/O interfaces can handle not only process I/Os but also sub-system I/Os as PLCs and fieldbus I/Os.
I/O interfaces
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Process I/O The process I/Os are shown below: Analog input: Current input, voltage input, mV input, TC input, RTD input, potentiometer input, pulse train input.
Analog output: Current output, voltage output.
Contact input: Contact ON/OFF input signals from field devices to the FCS. Two types of signals exist; status signals and push button signals.
Contact output: Contact ON/OFF output signals from the FCS to field devices. (The status output signals of a status type I/O module can be manipulated in the following styles: Latched type, non-latched type, pulse type and flashing type output.)
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Software I/O The software I/O enables data setting or data reference to or from other function blocks or applications same as in the process I/O. Types of software I/O: • Internal switch: The internal switches exchange logical values between function blocks or applications.
• Message output: The message, which transmits the occurrence of events.
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Examples of Using Software I/O Internal Switch (Start switch)
Message Output Annunciator message output
Heating start
Reactor A charge end Operator guide message output 14:05 Reactor A heating start
Sequence operations like SV setting, block mode switching in a regulatory control.
An internal switch latched output for the graphic display modify.
TIC101
Heating
PID FIC101 PID
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Message Output Functions The message output functions for sequential controls are used to alert operators or to notify events to other applications. Printout
Logging
Printout message output (%PR)
Yes
Yes
Printout with messages
Operator guide message output (%OG)
Yes
Yes
Electronic sounds, display
Multi-media function start message output (%VM)
No
Yes
Multi-media function start
Sequence message request (%RQ)
No
Yes
Startup HIS functions
Supervisory computer message output (%M3)
No
No
Event message output
Signal event message output (%EV)
No
No
Output to SEBOL
SFC/SEBOL return-event message output (%RE)
No
No
Output to SFC block
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Other functions
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Regulatory Control Functions CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook PART- D Regulatory Control Functions D-1 Regulatory Control Blocks D-2 Control Drawing D-3 Processing D-4 Block Modes D-5 Scan and Control Periods
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Regulatory Control Positioning The regulatory control block performs control computation processing using analog process variables and so on for the process monitoring and control. FCS Basic control
Software I/O
I/O interfaces
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Types of Regulatory Control Block The regulatory control blocks vary by the types of data handled and control computation processing functions provided. Types of controllers are shown below.
• Input indicator blocks • Controller blocks • Manual loader blocks • Signal setter blocks • Signal limiter blocks • Signal selector blocks • Signal distributor blocks • Pulse count block • Alarm block • YS blocks
See Supplement V. Function Block List. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Regulatory Control Block Structure The structure of regulatory control function block PID: SET
CSV
BIN
RL1
RL2
(VN)
(RLV1)
(RLV2)
MAN
RCAS
IN
RAW
PV
Control computation processing
(PV, ΔPV, MV, ΔMV)
Reading a raw data from the input terminal, performs input processing to output PV.
TE33Q4T30-01E
INT
Detects an abnormality in PV, MV and notifies the operation and monitoring functions.
SV
RSV
TSI (TSW)
Alarm processing
CAS AUT MAN
Input processing
TIN
CAS AUT
Output processing
MV
OUT
ROUT
RMV
SUB
Reading PV and SV, performs control computation processing to output MV. 4
Reads MV and outputs the result of output processing to the output terminal.
YOKOGAWA
Function Block Creation and Wiring Function block assignment and wiring on a control drawing:
Select the function block to be assigned with a selection icon. Create a connection between function blocks, a function block and an I/O module with a wiring Icon.
Line color by automatic wiring is magenta. Line color by manual wiring is cyan. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Data Connection with Process I/O There are two types of data connections with the process I/O: The data reference from a process input module and the data setting to a process output module.
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Data Connection with Function Blocks Data connection with other function blocks is an I/O connection that connects data items such as process variables (PV) and manipulated output values (MV) held in the other function blocks, to the function block’s I/O terminals. An example of data connection with other function blocks’ data items is shown below:
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Terminal Connection In the cascade control, the terminal (OUT) of the function block in the upstream should be connected to the set terminal (SET) of the function block in the downstream. This connection is referred to as the terminal connection. The terminal connection is used in particular cases.
Signal flows bi-directionally.
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Input Processing The processing that performs before control computation for the input signal read from the connection destination is called “Input processing”. Apply the 1st order lag filter to the signal from the input signal conversion function to get PV.
Input signal conversion PV/FV overshoot
No conversion
CAL BAD
CAL
Input module
RAW
Read the input signal from the process Input module or other function blocks.
TE33Q4T30-01E
PV
Analog input square root extraction
Digital filter
The function to integrate the signal from the input signal conversion function.
Pulse train input conversion
CAL BAD
Communication input conversion
Integration
9
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Input Processing (Reference) The input processing common to regulatory control blocks and calculation blocks are as follows: • Input signal conversion (No conversion, square root extraction, pulse train conversion, communication input conversion.)
• Digital filter • Integration • OV/FV/CPV
overshoot • Calibration The input processing of the function block can be defined with [Basic] and [Input] tabs of the function block detail definition builder. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Calibration The calibration is the function in which the emulated signal for a process variable (PV) or a calculated output value (CPV) in the function block can be set manually by the operation and monitoring functions for maintenance or testing. • The color of PV bar display changes to cyan. • The process variable (PV) can be set manually. • Integration continues with the process variable (PV). • The alarm check for the process variable (PV) is bypassed. • Block mode changes to manual (MAN).
Calibration setting button
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Control Computation Processing The PID control computation in the PID control function block calculates a manipulated output change (ΔMV) with the specified PID control algorithm (PID, PI-D, I-PD, PI or I). And then either velocity form or positional form output action converts the ΔMV to MV. The figure below shows a block diagram of PID control computation:
PID Control Computation Algorithms SV PV
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Output actions
PID / PI-D / I-PD PI / I
ΔMV
12
Velocity / Positional
MV
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Output Processing Output processing refers to the processing that is executed to the values obtained from the control computation before output it. AUT/CAS/RCAS/PRD
MH
AUT/CAS/RCAS/ROUT/PRD
Preset MV
ML MAN
MAN/TRK
TRK
Output limiter
Control computation
ROUT
ΔMV limiter
MV
TRK
RMV
Output conversion
MVrb
No conversion
Aux. output TIN
SUB
OUT
Output module TE33Q4T30-01E
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Output Processing The output processing common to the regulatory control blocks: • Output limiter • Output velocity limiter • Output clamp • Preset manipulated output • Output tracking • Output range tracking • Manipulated output index • Output conversion (no conversion, pulse width output conversion, communication output conversion)
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Alarm Processing - FCS Function blocks
Alarm setpoint values
The function that detects abnormality of the process from PV, MV and other values. Re-warning alarm
Process data
Alarm detection function
Alarm status
The function that summarizes the results of the alarm detection function and notifies the operation and monitoring functions as a message.
Alarm notification function
Alarm message
Alarm detection setting
Alarm acknowledgement state
Alarm inhibition (AOF)
Acknowledgement operation TE33Q4T30-01E
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Alarm Detection Function The following alarm detections are performed: Alarm status Data item IOP, IOP• Input open alarm check IOP, IOP• Input error alarm check • Input high-high/low-low limit alarm check HH, LL HH, LL HI, LO • Input high/low limit alarm check PH, PL VEL+, VEL• Input velocity alarm check VL DV+, DV• Deviation alarm check DV OOP • Output open alarm check MHI, MLO • Output high/low-limit alarm check MH, ML CNF • Connection failure alarm check Colors of alarm status are of default.
See Supplement VI. Alarm Status. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Alarm Inhibition (Alarm OFF) The alarm inhibition can be used to temporarily inhibit the action of process alarm messages while the alarm detection is still active. AOF setting button
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Block Mode and Status Block mode and status are the information that represent the conditions of the function blocks.
Block mode Block status
Represent the operating state of the function blocks.
Alarm status
Represents the alarm state of the process. Represents the quality of the process data.
Data status
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Block Mode The block mode is the information that represents the control state and the output state of a function block. The different type of function blocks have the different block modes. There are 9 basic block modes and several compound block modes. Basic block mode: O/S, IMAN, TRK, MAN, AUT, CAS, PRD, RCAS, ROUT
Compound block mode: The state where multiple basic block modes are established at a time. e.g. AUT – IMAN
See Supplement VII. Basic Block Mode. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Basic Block Modes Relationship
Priority level 4
O/S
Complementary relationship
IMAN
3
TRK
2
MAN, AUT, CAS, PRD
High
1
RCAS, ROUT
0
Low
Exclusive relationship TE33Q4T30-01E
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Primary Direct (PRD) When the cascade connected lowstream block mode is set to PRD, calculation processing is currently stopped. The set value CSV is from the cascade connected upstream block is output to the control valve after output processing. LIC100
S’ry controller
TE33Q4T30-01E
P’ry controller
PRD
PRD setting button
FIC100
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Scan Periods Scan period determines a period for the periodic execution of the function block. There are three types of scan periods: basic scan, medium-speed scan and high-speed scan. ● Basic Scan The basic scan is a standard scan period which is common to function blocks. The basic scan period is fixed to 1 second. This cannot be changed. ● Medium-Speed Scan (LFCS/KFCS) The medium-speed scan is a scan period suited for the process control that requires quicker response than what can be achieved with the basic scan setting. Setting value of the medium-speed scan can be selected by each FCS according to its use. • Medium-speed scan period: Select “200 ms” or “500 ms.” The default is “500 ms.” ● High-Speed Scan The high-speed scan is a scan period suited for the process control that requires high-speed response. Setting value of the high-speed scan can be selected by each FCS according to its use. • High-speed scan period: Select “50 ms,” “100 ms,” “200 ms” or “500 ms.” The default is “200 ms.”
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Control Period Among the regulatory control blocks, the controller block has a control period besides the processing period. The control period is the period that the controller block executes control computation and output processing during the automatic operation. The control period is always an integer multiple of the scan period of 1 second. Input and alarm processing are performed at each scan period.
In ‘Automatic determination’, the control period is defined in accordance with the integral time. High- Medium-Speed Scan
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Sequential Control Functions
CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook PART-E Sequential Control Functions
E-1 Sequential Control Blocks E-2 Sequence Table Blocks E-3 Timer and Soft-counter Block E-4 Types of Contact Output
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Sequential Control Positioning The function blocks that execute the sequential control are referred to as sequential control blocks. The positioning of the sequential control blocks is shown blow: FCS Basic control
Software I/O
I/O interfaces
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Types of Sequential Control Definition of sequential control: Sequential control executes in sequence each control step following the pre-defined conditions or orders.
The sequential control can be divided into following two types:
• Condition control (Monitoring) Monitors process status and controls according to the pre-defined conditions.
• Programmed control (Phase steps) Controls according to the pre-defined programs (phases).
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Sequential Control Description Sequence table block: The conditions and operations are arranged in the decision table format and specifies which operation is performed by the combination of conditions. This table is suitable for describing the both types of sequence.
Logic chart block: The logic chart block aligns each condition and operation, and the combination of conditions is described with logic elements to specify the operation performed. This is suitable for describing the condition control type such as an interlock sequence.
SFC (Sequential Function Chart ) block: The SFC is a graphical programming language suitable for describing a process control sequence. It is standardized by the international standard, IEC SC65A/WG6. It is used for relatively large-scaled sequential controls and device controls. The SFC block defines the flow of an entire sequence. Each step in the SFC is described with sequence tables or SEBOL (Sequence and Batch Oriented Language).
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Types of Sequential Control Blocks Sequence table block: The sequence table block realizes a sequential control by operating other function blocks and/or process I/O or software I/O.
Logic chart block: The logic chart block realizes an interlock sequence with the logic chart diagram using logic elements.
SFC block: The SFC block executes the sequential control program described with SFC.
Sequence auxiliary blocks: Switch instrument blocks: Valve pattern monitors: (optional)
See Supplement V. Function Block List. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Sequence Table Block (ST16)
32 rules
Condition signals Total 32 (default)
Action signals Total 32 (default)
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Condition rules
Input connection information
Condition specification
Output connection information
Action specification
I/O signals Total 64 (fixed) Action rules
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Sequence Table Block
Processing timing
Scan period Step label
Condition signal comment
Action signal comment
Next step label
Rule expansion destination tag name
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Example of Sequence Description An example of descriptions of the fundamental logic circuits, AND, OR and NOT. %SW0200 ON
Rule
%Z011101 ON
%SW0201 ON
Step C01 . . .
%SW0200.PV ON Y %SW0201.PV ON Y %SW0202.PV ON %SW0203.PV ON C32 (Condition signals)
AND logic circuit %SW0202 ON
A01 %Z011101.PV H . %Z011102.PV H . %SW0200.PV H . A32 (Action signals)
%Z011102 ON
%SW0203 ON
OR logic circuit %SW0200 OFF
01 02 03 . . . . . . . . . . 32 N Y Y
Y Y Y Y
THEN ELSE %SW0200 ON
NOT logic circuit TE33Q4T30-01E
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Non-step Type Sequence Table Non-step type sequence table tests all rules at every control period. Rule
Basic operation 1:
01 02 03 . . . . . . . . . . 32
Step
(1) As for condition testing, in the same rule number when all conditions (Y or N) are satisfied, the condition of the rule is true. (2) Rule columns for the same rule number are all blank are considered true unconditionally.
C01 . . .
%SW0200 Y %SW0201 Y %SW0202 %SW0203 C32 (Condition signals) A01 . . . A32
%Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
N N
Y Y Y
(Action signals) THEN ELSE
%SW0200 and %SW0201 are ON and then %Z011101 turns ON. %SW0201 and %SW0202 are OFF and then %Z011102 turns ON. %Z011103 turns ON unconditionally. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Non-step Type Sequence Table Basic operation 2: When multiple action signals exist in a condition satisfied rule, the actions are executed from top to down.
Rule
01 02 03 . . . . . . . . . . 32
Step C01
%SW0200 Y %SW0201 Y . %SW0202 . . %SW0203 C32 (Condition signals) A01 . . . A32
%Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
Y Y N
(Action signals) THEN ELSE
Actions are executed in order of %Z011101, %Z011102, %Z011103.
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Execution and Output Timing Execution timing A sequence table block and a logic chart block have the following four types of execution timing: • Periodic execution (T): Repeatedly executed in a preset cycle.
• One-shot execution (O): Executed once when invoked by other function blocks.
• Initial execution/Restart execution (I): Executed when the FCS performs a cold or a restart.
• Initial execution (B): Executed when the FCS performs a restart.
Output timing A sequence table block has two types of output timing: • Output only when conditions change (C) • Output each time conditions are satisfied (E) TE33Q4T30-01E
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Output Timing • Output only when conditions change (C): The action is executed only once when the condition is switched from false to true. However, if the non-latched output is specified for the action signal, the action changes when the condition is switched from true to false.
• Output each time conditions are satisfied (E): The action is executed each control period as long as the condition remains true. Output only when conditions change (C)
Output each time conditions are satisfied (E)
ON Condition
ON OFF
Condition
OFF
Non-latched type (L type) Output
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Output
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Processing Timing Execution timing and output timing can be used in combination. The table below shows the combination of timings for ST16 and ST16E. Default
For the LC64, logic chart block, output timing (C) can not be specified.
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Step Type Sequence Table Step type sequence table tests only rules in the current step at every control period. Basic operation 1:
Rule Step
For the step type sequence table, the next execution step label must be described in the THEN/ ELSE column in order to advance the steps. The step will not advance if both next step labels in the THEN/ ELSE are blank. The same step is executed each time.
%SW0200 C01 %SW0201 . %SW0202 . . %SW0203 C32 (Condition signals) A01 . . . A32
%Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
04
05
08
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
(Action signals) THEN ELSE
05 08
Step label Tested rules
Next step label (THEN label) Next step label (ELSE label) TE33Q4T30-01E
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Step Type Sequence Table Basic operation 2: Rule
The next step specified in the THEN column is the step to advance when the condition test result is true. After all actions for the corresponding rules are executed, the step proceeds to the next step.
Step C01 . . .
%SW0200 %SW0201 %SW0202 %SW0203 C32 (Condition signals) A01 . . . A32
%Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
04
05
08
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
(Action signals) THEN ELSE
05 08
When the condition of the rule in step 04 is satisfied, the step advances to 05.
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Step Type Sequence Table Basic operation 3: Rule
The next step specified in the ELSE column is the step to advance when the condition test result is false. When conditions for the corresponding rules are not satisfied, the step proceeds to the next step without executing the actions.
Step C01 . . .
%SW0200 %SW0201 %SW0202 %SW0203 C32 (Condition signals) A01 . . . A32
%Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
04
05
08
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
(Action signals) THEN ELSE
05 08
When the condition of the rule in step 04 is not satisfied, the step advances to 08.
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Step Type Sequence Table Rule
Basic operation 4:
Step
02
01
When a step advances to a next step, the next step is executed at the next scan period.
C01 %SW0200 %SW0201 . %SW0202 . . %SW0203 C32 (Condition signals)
Y Y
When a step advances, the conditions of each rule are initialized once.
A01 . . . A32
Y
%Z011101 %Z011102
04
03
N N
%Z011103 (Action signals) THEN
02
03
04
ELSE
The step sequence executes only a single step at each scan period. In this example, it may take 2 seconds or more to turn %Z011103 OFF, after the step 01 was executed.
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Step Type Sequence Table Rule
Basic operation 5:
Step
Step label 00 is executed at each period. The step 00 can be described only at the head of a sequence table group.
C01 . . .
* 1. The step 00 cannot be described as a next step label.
A01 . . . A32
* 2. The step 00 cannot be described on an extended sequence table.
00
01 02
%SW0200 Y %SW0201 Y Y %SW0202 %SW0203 C32 (Condition signals) %Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
04
03
Y
Y N N
(Action signals) THEN
02
03
04
ELSE
The step 00 as well as the current step 03, conditions are tested. If conditions of step 00 are satisfied, actions are executed. Current step
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Timer Block (TM) The sequence auxiliary blocks are provided such as a timer, a softcounter and so on. The timer block (TM) measures time in the unit of second or minute.
Timer start switch
An example of the timer block operation. Processing Timing: TC Y
%SW0500.PV
ON
TM100.BSTS
CTUP
TM100.OP
START
Y
%SW0500.PV
H
N
Y
Timer count-up Timer start/stop Start switch off
N
BSTS: Block status CTUP: Count-up OP: Operation START: Start/stop action
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Start command
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Stop command
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Software Counter Block (CTS) The software counter block (CTS) counts a number of times that the condition is satisfied. An example of the soft-counter block operation. Processing Timing: TE
Stop switch
%SW0501.PV ON
Update switch
%SW0502.PV ON
Counter count-up
CT100.BSTS
CTUP
CT100.ACT
ON
CT100.ACT
OFF
Y
%SW0501.PV
H
N
%SW0502.PV
H
Counter update Counter stop BSTS: Block status CTUP: Count-up ACT: Action ON: Update, OFF: Stop
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Stop command
20
Y Y Y
Y
N
Update command
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Types of Contact Output Latched (H) type output: The latched type output holds the current output status until ON or OFF operation is executed.
e.g. %SW0501.PV.H
The latched and non-latched type output can also be applied for internal switches, annunciator message outputs and so on. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Types of Contact Output Non-latched (L) type output: The non-latched type output turns ON when logical computation result becomes true and turns OFF when becomes not true.
e.g. %SW0501.PV.L
OFF action is not effective for the non-latched type output.
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Types of Contact Output Flashing (F) type output: The flashing type output starts flashing when ON operation is executed and stops flashing when OFF operation is executed. In order to turn off the current state, OFF operation as H type is required.
c
e.g. %Z011101.PV.F
The flashing type output can not be applied for internal switches, annunciator message outputs and so on. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Report Functions
CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook PART-F Report Functions F-1 Process Report Window F-2 Historical Message Report Window
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Process Status and Operation Record The windows used for confirming the process status are Process Report window and Historical Message Report window. The Process Report window displays the current status of the function blocks and input and output and the Historical Message Report window displays alarms and messages triggered in the past and the operation history.
Window call menu Toolbar
Process report window call icon
Historical message report window call icon
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Process Report Window The process report is to collect information on the system operating status and displays it in a window or prints to a printer depending on the user’s request. The current status will be displayed or printed. The following two types of reports are available in the Process Report window. • Tag report • I/O report
Tag report display button Tag report search button I/O report display button I/O report search button
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Tag Report In a tag report, various statuses such as the function block alarm status, mode and present value of process data are displayed for each element.
The tag report is the real time report of all tags registered in the system. Process alarm generated function blocks, function block under special block mode (AOF, CAL) and so on are confirmed.
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Tag Report Search The tag report search is done using the Tag Report Search dialog box. Tag names of the following elements can be the object of a tag report. • Function block (%BL) • Annunciator (%AN) • Common switch (%SW) • Process I/O* (%Z) • Global switch (%GS) There are five tabs in the Tag Report Search dialog box. It is convenient to set frequently used search conditions beforehand. A data item name can be added to process report window for displaying the data value. * Among the process I/O, only communication I/O with user-defined tag names can be the object of a tag report. TE33Q4T30-01E
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I/O Report In the I/O report, the I/O status is displayed as a digital value for each element.
In the I/O Report, when the data is ON, “1”, and when the data is OFF, “.” (full stop) is displayed.
%SW0001 to %SW0400 are for the system use. (R3.04) TE33Q4T30-01E
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I/O Report Search In the I/O report, the I/O status is displayed as a digital value for each element. An I/O report can be searched by station name or element type. The following elements can be the objects of an I/O report: • Annunciator (%AN) • Common switch (%SW) • Communication Input (%WB*) • Communication Input (%WW*) • Process I/O (%Z) The station name or element type of the control station can be set as the search conditions for the I/O report in the I/O Report Search dialog box.
* %WB is the bit data of the communication input, while %WW is the word data input. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Historical Message Report Window The historical message report can retrieve process alarms or the operation history stored within the HIS and display or print messages related to all types of events related to the system or a process that occurred in the past. A historical message can be retrieved and displayed by specifying message type, station name and tag name.
File selection Redraw Search Number of displayed messages
Search pause File save
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Historical Message Save It is recommended to backup the historical message report as it saves important operation reports and alarm messages. Up to about 80,000 messages are saved in a HDD. If the number of messages exceeds this, the messages will be deleted starting with the oldest ones. If the total number of the messages exceeds 65,536, MS Excel limit warning dialog appears.
The messages are saved in the CSV format for easy utilization. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Historical Message Selection • File Type When searching for a message that occurred at the time of system generation, select [Engineering History]; when searching for a message that occurred during operation and monitoring, select [Operation and Monitoring Message].
• Directory When the historical message save file is stored in the default folder, select [Standard]; when the file is stored in a folder other than the standard, select [Specify Directory].
The long-term data can be referred by specifying the folder where the long-term data are saved.
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Historical Message Search Each of the search conditions is set in the Search dialog box. In the Report Search dialog box, there are five tabs to set up search conditions. Select the tab to set for each search item. With five tabs, the following items can be specified: • Period specified by date • Specifying message type • Specifying message occurrence source • Specifying user name • Specifying arbitral character
See Supplement VIII. Historical Message Search. TE33Q4T30-01E
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System Maintenance Functions
CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook PART-G System Maintenance Functions G-1 System Status Display Window G-2 System Alarm Window G-3 Adjust Time Dialog Box G-4 HIS Setup Window
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System Maintenance Functions The windows displaying the online system status and the system alarm status and so on are provided with operation environment to support system maintenance.
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System Status Overview Window The System Status Overview window displays the status of all stations and the communication buses in the V net comprising the system. The status of the connected stations and the V net may be visually confirmed by icon displays. Also, other system maintenance windows may be called up from this window. System alarm window button V-net 2 error HIS setup button
V-net 1 normal HIS0123 normal
FCS0101 normal FCS0102 communication error
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Present station display (White background color)
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FCS Status Display Window The FCS status display window can be called up with the FCS icon.
FCS0101 status display window The FCS Status Display window shows control station information, hardware configuration and status. In addition, the displayed control station can be started or stopped from this window, and items defined by the builders can be downloaded to the control station.
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FCS Status Display Window Icons for SFCS status display window. FCS start
FCS report IOM download
FCS stop
Tuning parameter save
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System Alarm Window The System Alarm window displays system alarm messages to notify the user of system hardware (FCS down, card error etc.) in the order with the most recent ones first. When an alarm occurs, the alarm starts to buzz, and the button in the System Message window and the LED for the system key on the operation keyboard begin to flash.
System alarm overview
System status overview display
Filter dialog
Updating retained for 5 seconds
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Adjust Time Dialog Box Adjust Time dialog box sets and changes the date and time of system in the domain. The date and time set in the dialog box are applied to the machines shown below. • All the control stations in the same domain • All HIS in the same domain
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HIS Setup Window The HIS Setup window is used for displaying and changing the current station’s information and operation settings. The HIS Setup window can perform settings specific to the HIS such as the operation and monitoring window display size setting, printer setup and operation panel mode setting. The tabs provided for each setting item are: ● Operation mark ● Multimedia ● Long term ● External recorder ● OPC ● Report ● Monitors ● Process management ● Navigator
● Station ● Printer ● Buzzer ● Display ● Window switching ● Control bus ● Alarm ● Preset menu ● Equalize ● Function Keys
Some of the tab sheets may not be displayed according to the installed package. The tab sheets with are explained. See Supplement IX. HIS Setup Window. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Display Tab Sheet Settings such as the operation screen mode and toolbar button size are displayed in the Display tab. The contents of the settings can also be changed.
Operation screen mode switching
Font name and size switching
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Window Switching Tab Sheet In the Window Switching tab, the display size of the operation and monitoring windows called up from the System Message window, whether automatic window switching is enabled at the time a process alarm or an operator guide message is generated, etc., are displayed. The setup items can also be changed. Window switching setup
Dynamic window setup
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Preset Menu Tab Sheet In the HIS, there is a function that allows frequently used functions to be called up easily. By presetting the functions to be called in the Preset Menu tab, they can be called up from the System Message window. Up to 32 functions can be set. Overview of defined preset menu and defining functions
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Function Keys Tab Sheet The function key assignments defined in the Function Key Assignment Builder are displayed in the Function Keys tab. Also, the function key assignment can be defined temporarily.
The function of the function keys can be changed temporarily. (If the function key definition file is downloaded, that file replaces the current file.)
See Supplement XI. Function Key Function Assignment. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Operation Mark Tab Sheet The operation marks which are defined in the Operation Mark Builder are displayed in the Operation Mark tab. Also, the label comment color of the operation mark may be defined temporarily, as well. Color and labels can be changed temporarily. (If the operation mark definition file is downloaded, that file replaces the current file.)
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Security Policy
CS1000/3000 Fundamental Course Textbook PART-H
Security Policy
H-1. Security Overview H-2. HIS Security H-3. User Security H-4. User Group H-5. Window Authorities H-6. Mode Selection Key H-7. Function Block Security H-8. Operation Mark
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Security Overview (1) The security policy is set to prevent illegal operations and other problems and ensuring the safety of the system. The security policy restricts the scope of operation and monitoring permitted for an operator, and masks certain alarms of which the operator need not be notified. In the CS 1000/CS 3000 security policy, “operation and monitoring” is defined as follows:
• Operation Setting data to function blocks, changing function block status and other operations.
• Monitoring Displaying function block data, acknowledgment of received messages and alarms or calling up windows.
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Security Overview (2) The following two types of policies are available in CS 1000/CS 3000. • HIS Security Policy HIS security policy stipulates the scope of operation and monitoring allowed on the Human Interface Station. Regardless of the logon users, the operation performed to a device or to a function block data item may be restricted.
• User Security Policy User security policy stipulates the scope of operation and monitoring for the users. Each user is restricted to operate or monitor a certain scope of devices and function block data items. The scope of operation and monitoring permitted for an operator is determined by a combination of HIS security and user security settings. General-purpose Windows applications follow the security policy of Windows. The user of CENTUM is different from the user of Windows. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Flow of Security Check HIS operation Security check
HIS security check Scope of operation and monitoring check for the HIS
User security check Scope of operation and monitoring check for a user group
Privilege levels of operation and monitoring check for a user
Operation • Window operation and monitoring • Function block operation and monitoring Operation record
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Operation History
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HIS Security The security level regarding operation and monitoring as well as the operation and monitoring scope can be set for the HIS itself. The HIS security check has a precedence over the user security check. The operation and monitoring scope of the HIS is unrelated with the operation and monitoring scope set for each user group.
The security level setting means to select either monitoring only machine or monitoring and operation machine (default). TE33Q4T30-01E
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User Security The operators performing the operation and monitoring functions are classified based on their privilege level (authority). This classification is called user. The following attributes are assigned to each user: User name: Password: User group: Privilege level:
User recognition User identification Monitoring and operation scope Monitoring and operation authority
The operations performed by the user are held as the operation record. The operation record can be confirmed by the historical message report.
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User Privilege Levels The users’ operation and monitoring rights on HIS are defined according to privilege levels. For each window, operation and monitoring rights can be defined. Whether the user with a certain privilege level is permitted to operate the specified data item can also be defined. The following default privilege levels are available (security level 4).
*1 Maintenance means the engineering work such as initiation of the builder.
See Supplement X. Function Block Security. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Default User Names The HIS offers the following default user names. The privilege level of the user who accesses from the User-in Dialog becomes valid when the mode selection key position of the operation keyboard is OFF.
*1: When the user group for OFFUSER is changed to NONEGRP and the HIS is started, the operation and monitoring will be disabled. *2: User cannot user-in as PROG. Password is not required for OFFUSER but required for ONUSER and ENGUSER, the password is user definable. The user group can be changed for any user. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Switching Users In the HIS, switching the OFFUSER to a different user is called user-in, and the user switching back to the OFFUSER is called user-out. To perform user-in or user-out, call up the User-In dialog box from the System Message window and enter a user name and the password. User–in at HIS startup
OFFUSER
USER A
USER B
User-in operation Change password button
User-out operation
When an automatic user out-time is defined, the user automatically changes to the OFFUSER when the automatic user-out time elapsed. TE33Q4T30-01E
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User Group The users are classified into groups based on their operation and monitoring scopes. This classification is called user group. The following attributes are assigned to each user group: • User group name: • Monitoring scope: • Operation and monitoring scope: • Windows scope: • Acknowledgement: • Process message receiving:
User group recognition Monitoring range Operation and monitoring range Window names for operation and monitoring Acknowledgment range Monitoring range of the generated messages
The range is set by the plant name. If the plant name is not used, set by the station name and the control drawing. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Default User Group The following built-in default user groups are managed by CS 1000/CS 3000 security policy.
The user group name may be defined on the Security Builder.
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Concepts of Scope and Privilege Operation & monitoring scope of HIS0124. Operation & monitoring scope of user Group-AB.
Whole Plant
Equipment A
Equipment B
Equipment C
Equipment D
Users in Group-AB: OPS1-A: Monitoring OPS2-A: Operation and monitoring OPS3-A: Operation, monitoring and maintenance
Equipment E
Operation & monitoring scope of users, OPS*-A in Group-AB using HIS0124 and their privileges. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Window Authorities The table below shows operation and monitoring authorities on windows, indicating which user can perform operation and monitoring using which types of windows:
• Users of privilege level S1 or S2 cannot start System View from the system message window, but can start and operate System View from [Start Menu]. • Users of privilege level S1 can operate and monitor general windows. However, they can only monitor important windows and system operation windows excluding System View. • Users of privilege level S2 can operate and monitor general and important windows. However, they can only monitor system operation windows excluding System View. • Users of privilege level S3 can operate and monitor all windows. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Function Block Security The attributes of function blocks contain security levels, tag mark types and alarm processing levels. The attributes can be defined to each function block in engineering. There is no restriction on the combination of security levels, tag mark types and alarm processing levels. The tables below show the relationship of the function block’s data items and the privilege levels in operation and monitoring rights.
R: Monitoring
W: Operation
The tables on operation and monitoring authority are fixed and cannot be edited. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Function Block Security The operation and monitoring authorities for three different function security levels are shown below:
Level 2
Level 4 (Default)
Level 6
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Mode Selection Key When the HIS is connected with an operation keyboard, the privilege level of the user may be changed temporarily using the mode selection key on the keyboard. The privilege level changed on the keyboard has higher priority than the level set in the user-in dialog box. The following two mode selection keys are used to switch the security level: • Operation key (Privilege level S2) The key can be switched between the ON and OFF positions only. • Engineering key (Privilege level S3) The key can be switched to any position.
In the case of the operation key When the engineering key is selected. Changes between the ON, OFF positions. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Operation Mark To attach or remove an operation mark on a function block may temporarily enable or disable the operation restriction on the instrument faceplate. When an operation mark is attached to a function block, a comment label can be added to the function block or the operation authorities on the function block can be changed temporarily during plant operation. When the operation mark is removed, operation authorities return to the original setting. Operation marks have the following attributes: • Operation mark type • Color • Comment label • Attachment/removal attribute
Color and comment label may be defined with HIS Setup function. If the builder file is downloaded, that file replaces the current file. TE33Q4T30-01E
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Types of Operation Marks The security levels exerted by operation marks and the types of operation marks are displayed as follows.
Not used in default.
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Install or Remove Operation Mark The unauthorized user is prohibited to install / remove the operation mark. The setting of installing/removing is performed in Operation Mark Builder. The relationship between user’s privilege level and the operation rights on installing/removing mark authority is shown below:
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FCS Common
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-A FCS Common
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FCS Common
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-A FCS Common A1. FCS Basic Definition A2. FCS Function Overview A3. I/O Functions of FCS A3.1. Process I/O A3.2. Software I/O
Reference: IM33S01B30-01E Field Control Station PART-A FCS Common TE33Q6C40-01E
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FCS Basic Definitions
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-A 1 FCS Basic Definition
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FCS Property On the creation of FCS, define FCS type, station number, database type and so on with the property window.
Station type definition: Select the FCS station type for use from the station type list.
Station number See GS and IM for details of FCS types. TE33Q6C40-01E
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FCS Property The database type define window.
Database type definition: Select usable database type for the FCS station type.
The selectable database types vary with the station type.
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FCS Database Types Examples of usable number of function blocks and elements for the database types: Database type (LFCS)
General purpose
Regulatory monitoring
Sequence monitoring
Sequential control
Regulatory control / calculation blocks
700
2000
300
400
Sequence blocks
450
200
200
600
Switch instruments
450
450
2000
1000
See Supplement III. FCS Database Types. TE33Q6C40-01E
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FCS Property The high speed scan periods and the network protocols are defined by FCS property dialog.
Scan period setting for the high speed scan. (Common for function blocks)
Control network protocol Use default settings. No change is allowed. TE33Q6C40-01E
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FCS Constants Detailed definitions of the FCS can be set with the StnDef (FCS constants builder) file in the CONFIGURATION folder.
FCS constants builder defines wind-up time (a preparatory processing for organizing time-series data), repeated warning alarm period and so on. TE33Q6C40-01E
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FCS Constants The window that defines the FCS start conditions.
Selection of the start conditions and setting of detection time for the momentary power failure. (effective only for TIME start condition.)
FCS constants cannot be online downloaded. TE33Q6C40-01E
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FCS Start Conditions When FCS starts at the time of power recovery after the power failure, the condition either initialized start or restart is referred to as the start condition. Three selectable conditions are available:
Start condition
Start operation
MAN (Initialized start) Prolonged power failure TIME (Restart at momentary power failure)
Initialized start
(Momentary power failure detection time < Power failure time)
Momentary power failure (Momentary power failure detection time > Power failure time)
Restart
AUTO (Restart) TE33Q6C40-01E
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Flow of FCS Start
Initialized start
Restart
Start processing from the beginning of periodic processing.
Continue processing from the discontinued point.
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FCS Start Processing Two types of start processing: Initialized Start
Restart
System initialization processing
System initialization processing
User defined initialization processing*
Finish the discontinued function block processing by power failure
Wind-up operation**
User defined initialization processing
Start processing from the beginning of periodic processing.
Continue processing from the discontinued point.
* User definition initialization processing: The processing timing of initialization start (B) or initialization start and restart (I) that is specified on sequential control blocks. ** Wind-up operation: Windup operation is a preparatory processing for organizing time-series data that are required for control operations. TE33Q6C40-01E
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FCS Function Overview
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-A 2 FCS Function Overview
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Configuration of FCS Functions FCS control functions consist of the basic control functions, the software I/O functions and I/O interface functions. The basic control functions have various function blocks that perform control computations. The I/O interfaces include the process I/O and other interface functions. FCS Basic control
Software I/O
I/O interfaces
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Function Block and Control Drawing The function blocks, which are the minimum elements consisting the basic control function, and the control drawings, which connect multiple function blocks, configure the FCS control functions hierarchically.
TIC100 PID
Control drawing
Function block
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Function Block Function block: The function block is the minimum element that executes control computations. Regulatory control blocks, sequential control blocks, computation blocks, SFC blocks are the function blocks. The control functions can be described like an instrumentation flow sheet by connecting regulatory control, sequential control and computation blocks. Every function block should have a tag name and be stated on a control drawing.
FIC100
TI100
CU201
ST22-A
TIM201
PID
PVI
CALCU
ST16
TM
Function blocks (Regulatory control, Computation, Sequential control)
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Control Drawing Control drawing: A unit of control consists of more than one function block is referred to as a control drawing. The control drawing builder is used to configure the basic functions of the FCS. With the builder, operations such as registering function blocks in the drawing file and determining the flow of data between function blocks can be performed graphically. Status display for control drawing: When a control drawing is created and saved, the display indicating the status of the control drawing files can be set. The status display can be edited with the status display builder. No. of drawings: 50 for CS1000 and 200 for CS3000. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Control Drawing CS1000/CS3000
The features of the control drawing are as follows:
Regulatory control blocks
1) A single control drawing can include different types of function blocks, like regulatory control blocks and sequential control blocks.
Sequential control blocks
Control drawing
FCS
2) No restrictions of signal transmission between control drawings. A function block can be connected to the function block on another control drawing.
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Calculation blocks
Regulatory control functions Calculation functions Sequential control functions
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Control Drawing No restrictions of signal transmission between the control drawings. FCS0101 DR0001
DR0002
DR0025
DR0050
AREAIN block connection
FCS0102 DR0012
DR0013
AREAOUT block connection
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Control Drawing In order to add or edit function blocks, click on the control drawing file (DRnnnn) in the FUNCTION_BLOCK folder.
Control drawing
To edit a status display, click on the DISPLAY folder and then the control drawing. TE33Q6C40-01E
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I/O Functions of FCS (Process I/O)
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-A 3 I/O Functions of FCS A3.1. Process I/O
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I/O Functions of FCS The software I/O is the virtual I/O realized by the FCS software. Data setting or data reference to or from other function blocks or applications is possible.FCS
Basic control
Software I/O
The I/O interfaces can handle not only process I/O but also sub-system I/O as PLC and fieldbus I/O.
I/O interfaces
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Process I/O The process I/Os are shown below: Analog input: Current input, voltage input, mV input, TC input, RTD input, potentiometer input, pulse train input.
Analog output: Current output, voltage output.
Contact input: Contact ON/OFF input signals from field devices to the FCS. Two types of signals exist; status signals and push button signals.
Contact output: Contact ON/OFF output signals from the FCS to field devices. (The status output signals of a status type I/O module can be manipulated in the following styles: Latched type, non-latched type, pulse type and flashing type output.) By combining the I/O module with a barrier, an intrinsically safe loop can be constructed. See IM33S01B30-01E PART-A FCS Common, A3 Process Inputs/Outputs. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Types of Contact Output Latched (H) type output: The latched type output holds the current output status until ON or OFF operation is executed.
The latched and non-latched type output can also be applied for internal switches, annunciator message outputs and so on. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Types of Contact Output Non-latched (L) type output: The non-latched type output turns ON when logical computation result becomes true and turns OFF when becomes not true.
OFF action is not effective for the non-latched type output.
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Types of Contact Output Pulse (P) type output: The pulse type output turns ON for only one scan cycle when logical computation result becomes true. After one scan cycle, it turns OFF.
OFF action is not effective for the pulse type output.
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Types of Contact Output Flashing (F) type output: The flashing type output starts flashing when ON operation is executed and stops flashing when OFF operation is executed. In order to turn off the current state, OFF operation as H type is required.
c
The flashing type output can not be applied for internal switches, annunciator message outputs and so on. TE33Q6C40-01E
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I/O Module Definition The necessary process I/O modules are installed to the FCS. Types and installation positions the of the installed I/O modules should be defined before using the I/O modules. The types of the I/O modules can be used may differ on the FCS station types and I/O bus types.
When the FCS consists of multiple nodes, create the node that installs the I/O modules before creating the I/O modules.
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-F Engineering, F1.5 Creating New IOM. TE33Q6C40-01E
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I/O Module Definition “Create New” function of IOM folder in the FCS folder may be used to create or add the I/O modules installed to the FCS (an example for SFCS).
Selection of the module to be created or added.
Select IOM creation.
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I/O Module Definition I/O module definition dialog (an example for SFCS). Select the type of module nest from the list.
Select the type of I/O module from the list. Unit installation position
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Slot installation position
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I/O Module Definition For each I/O module in the analog I/O nest, definitions of input signal type, signal conversion, range and so on are required.
For each contact I/O module terminal, definitions of tag name, switch position label, button color and so on are required.
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I/O Module Definition Detailed setting items related to the hardware for each I/O module can be defined with ‘Set details’ dialog on the ‘Tool’ tab. (IOP detection, OOP detection, square root extraction and so on.)
IOP detection
Square-root extraction
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-A FCS Common, A3 Process Inputs/Outputs. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Terminal Number of Process I/O It is required to specify the process I/O terminal number to connect the process I/O to a process I/O function block (PIO). Format of process I/O terminal number (RIO FCS)
An example of terminal number
%Znnuscc Terminal (01 to 32) Slot (1 to 4) Unit (1 to 5) Node number (01 to 16)
Format of process I/O terminal number (FIO FCS)
%Znnuscc
Process input module
Terminal (01 to 64) 1 fixed (Segment Nos. 1 to 4: Communication modules.) Slot (1 to 8) Node number (01 to 10) See IM33S01B30-01E PART-A FCS Common, A2 Outline of Input and Output Interfaces. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Terminal Number of Process I/O The meaning of the parameter nnuscc indicating the installation position differs on the types of the FCS:
An example of terminal number
• RIO bus (RIO system) LFCS (SFCS, PFCS inclusive) • ESB bus (FIO system) KFCS
The FCS builder is common for all types of FCS. The differences lie only on IOM installation specifications and the process I/O terminal specifications. Other specifications are independent to the hardware. Not necessary to consider the type of FCS in engineering.
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I/O Functions of FCS (Software I/O)
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-A 3 I/O Functions of FCS A3.2. Software I/O
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Roles of Software I/O The software I/O may be used for operation tests and for status operations in the sequential control.
Basic control
Software I/O
I/O interfaces
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Software I/O The software I/O enables data setting or data reference to or from other function blocks or applications same as in the process I/O. Types of software I/O: • Internal switch: The internal switches exchange logical values between function blocks or applications.
• Message output: The message that transmits the occurrence of events.
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Examples of Using Software I/O Internal switch (Start switch)
Message Output Annunciator message output
Heating start
Reactor A charge end Operator guide message output 14:05 Reactor A heating start
Sequence operations like SV setting, block mode switching in a regulatory control.
An internal switch latched output for the graphic display modify.
TIC101
Heating
PID FIC101 PID
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Data Formats of Software I/O The table below shows data formats of the software I/O:
As the status is saved in the FCS as bit data, they can be used for condition signals (input) in the sequential control. See IM33S01B30-01E PART-A FCS Common, A4 Software Inputs/Outputs. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Software I/O Output Destination The table below shows the output destinations of the software I/O:
: Message outputs often used.
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Internal Switches The internal switch (Global switches and Common switches) definition files are in the SWITCH folder in the FCS folder. Define them before use.
Common switch definition files Global switch definition file
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Common Switches (%SW) The common switches are one of internal switches shared by various control functions in the FCS to hold logical values. The common switches do not output the logical values. The control functions execute condition testing or status manipulation of the switches. Condition testing %SWnnnn.PV ON/OFF Status manipulation %SWnnnn.PV H/L
nnnn: Element number
H = Latched output L = Non-latched output
For CS1000: %SW0201 - %SW1000 for user’s use. For CS3000: %SW0401 - %SW4000 for user’s use
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Common Switches for System The common switches for the system use are the common switches from %SW0001 to %SW0400 exclusively used for the system. Users, however, can refer their status. For CS1000 and CS3000 up to R 3.03: Up to %SW0200.
The system use common switches from %SW0001 to %SW0007 are used to distinguish the start conditions of the FCS. The users can refer the switches as the condition testing for the initialization of the sequential control.
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-A FCS Common, A4.1 Common Switch. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Global Switches (%GS) The global switches share the same logical values between all stations in a system (same domain). Any applications in the station can read and write the global switch status of the own station.
FCS01
Link transmission FCS02
FCS Station１（R/W）
FCS Station１（R）
FCS Station2 （R）
FCS Station2（R/W）
R: Read enabled W: Write enabled
V net
Only CS3000 and CS1000 enhanced type can use the global switches.
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Using Global Switches The global switches can be effectively used for sending signals to or referring the status of control equipment in other control stations.
FCS01 Boiler control
Reference
Request to start sub-boiler
Setting
Setting
Sub-boiler operating
Reference
Setting
Sub-boiler abnormal
Reference
FCS02 Equipment 1A control
Global switches of FCS02 Global switches of FCS01
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Scan Transmission Definition To transfer or receive the values of global switches between stations, define scan transmission with the FCS constants definition builder. (Default setting is no transmission.) FCS constants definition window
Buffer size setting (32 bytes fixed). Transmission for individual station.
Buffer size setting on stations to transmit (32 bytes fixed).
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Global Switches The formats for condition testing and status manipulation of the global switches are shown below: (Station number for the status manipulation is omitted as the manipulation is only possible for the own station.) Condition testing %GSnnnmm.PV ON/OFF nnn: Element number (001 – 256) mm: Station number (can be omitted for the own station)
Status manipulation %GSnnn.PV H/L
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H = Latched output L = Non-latched output
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Message Outputs The definition files of the message outputs (annunciator messages, operator guide messages and so on) are in MESSAGE folder in the FCS folder. Define them before use.
Operator guide message definition file Annunciator message definition file
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Annunciator Messages (%AN) The annunciator messages (%AN) realize the function of an annunciator panel on the instrumentation panel by the software. Different from other messages, the annunciator messages hold the status for the alarm occurrence as the logical values.
Condition testing %ANnnnn.PV ON/OFF
nnnn: Element number
Status manipulation %ANnnnn.PV H/L
H = Latched output L = Non-latched output
CS1000: %AN0001 to %AN0200 are available. CS3000: %AN0001 to %AN1000 are available
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Annunciator Message (%AN) The alarm processing levels can be defined for each annunciator message. The relations between the alarm processing levels and the alarm state transitions are as follows: • High-priority alarm: Lock type, Repeated warning alarm provided • Medium-priority alarm: Lock type Alarm processing • Low-priority alarm: Non-lock type level setting • Logging alarm: Self-acknowledge type
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Annunciator Message (%AN) The occurrence of an annunciator message is shown below:
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Annunciator Message Lock type (High and medium-priority alarms)
Alarm priority levels and state transitions of the annunciator message.
Alarm absent state Flashing OFF
Acknowledgement
Occurrence Recovery
Recovery
Alarm present state Flashing OFF
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Alarm absent state Flashing ON
Acknowledgement
Re-warning
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Occurrence
Alarm present state Flashing ON
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Annunciator Message Non-lock type (Low-priority alarm)
Alarm priority levels and state transitions of the annunciator message.
Alarm absent state Flashing OFF
Occurrence Recovery
Recovery
Acknowledgement Alarm present state Flashing OFF
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Re-warning
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Alarm present state Flashing ON
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Annunciator Message Self-acknowledgement type (Logging alarm)
Alarm priority levels and state transitions of the annunciator message.
Alarm absent state Flashing OFF
Recovery
Occurrence
Alarm present state Flashing OFF
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Re-warning Alarm The re-warning alarm function for the annunciator message output is provided to output the message again if the alarm condition continues existing over the set period (time-repeated warning) regardless of the operator’s acknowledgement. The two types of the re-warning functions are available: Re-warning alarm cycle setting in FCS constants definition file. • Timer-repeated warning: Time repeated warnings are for high-priority alarm.
• Event-repeated warning: Event repeated warnings can be applied regardless of the alarm priority.
Re-warning alarm cycle: 0 to 3600 seconds. Default setting is 600 seconds.
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-A FCS Common, A4.3 Annunciator Message Output. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Re-warning Alarm • Timer repeated warning: The timer repeated warning function outputs the message at each repeated warning cycle.
Operation by re-warning Acknowledgment
Operation by re-warning
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Operator Guide Message (%OG) The operator guide message outputs alert the operators via the operator guide window in real time. • Specification: %OGnnnn.PV NON
nnnn: Element number %OG0001 to 0100 for CS1000 %OG0001 to 0200 for CS3000
• Designations: Display on the operator guide window. Generation of an electronic sound. Flashing of the operator guide mark in the operator guide window. Output to a printer. Logging into a file.
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-A FCS Common, A4.4 Sequence Message. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Operator Guide Message (%OG) The occurrence of an operator guide message is shown below:
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Message Output Functions The message output functions for sequential controls are used to alert operators or to notify events to other applications. Printout
Logging
Other functions
Printout message output (%PR)
Yes
Yes
Printout with messages
Operator guide message output (%OG)
Yes
Yes
Electronic sounds, display
Multi-media function start message output (%VM)
No
Yes
Multi-media function start
Sequence message request (%RQ)
No
Yes
Startup HIS functions
Supervisory computer message output (%M3)
No
No
Event message output
Signal event message output (%EV)
No
No
Output to SEBOL
SFC/SEBOL return-event message output (%RE)
No
No
Output to SFC block
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-A FCS Common, A4.4 Sequence Message. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Function Blocks
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B Function Blocks
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Function Blocks CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B Function Blocks B1. B2. B3. B4. B5. B6. B7. B8.
Structure of Function Blocks I/O Connection Input Processing Control Computation Processing Output Processing Alarm Processing – FCS Block Mode and Status Processing Timing Reference: IM33S01B30-01E PART-C Function Block Common
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Structure of Function Blocks
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B 1 Structure of Function Blocks
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Structure of Function Blocks The structure of regulatory control function block PID: SET
CSV
BIN
RL1
RL2
(VN)
(RLV1)
(RLV2)
MAN
RCAS
IN
RAW
PV
Control computation processing
(PV, ΔPV, MV, ΔMV)
Reading a raw data from the input terminal, performs input processing to output PV.
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INT
Detects an abnormality in PV, MV and notifies the operation and monitoring functions.
SV
RSV
TSI (TSW)
Alarm processing
CAS AUT MAN
Input processing
TIN
CAS AUT
Output processing
MV
OUT
ROUT
RMV
SUB
Reading PV and SV, performs control computation processing to output MV. 4
Reads MV and outputs the result of output processing to the output terminal.
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Function Block Creation and Wiring An example of a function block creation and wiring on a control drawing:
Select the function block to be added with a selection icon.
Create a connection between function blocks, a function block and I/O with a wiring Icon.
Line color by automatic wiring is magenta. Line color by manual wiring is cyan. TE33Q6C40-01E
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I/O Connection
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B 2 I/O Connection
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I/O Connection By performing the I/O connections, data can be exchanged between a function block and the connection destination according to the connection method. The three types of connections are available: Data reference, data setting.
Data connection
Connection between regulatory control block terminals.
Terminal connection
Sequence connection
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Condition testing, status manipulation.
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Data Connection The data connection can exchange data values and data status between a data item and a connected destination of specified elements. Data reference
Data setting
Data reference is a type of data connection that reads data from a connected destination to the input terminal of a function block. In the data reference, multiple function blocks can refer a single connected destination data. Data setting is a type of data connection that writes data to the connected destination from an output terminal of a function block. In the data setting to a process output, one to one correspondence between the output terminal and the process output is required.
Not necessary to specify the data connection type in engineering. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Data Connection Destinations In the data connection, the following five types of connection destinations for the I/O terminal of function blocks are provided. • Data connection to process I/O => I/O modules. • Data connection to software I/O => Annunciator etc. • Data connection to communication I/O => Sub-system communication module. • Data connection to fieldbus I/O => Fieldbus communication module. • Data connection to other function bocks => Data items of other function blocks.
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Data Connection with Process I/O There are two types of data connections with the process I/O: The data reference from a process input module and the data setting to a process output module.
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Data Connection with Function Blocks Data connection with other function blocks is an I/O connection that connects data items such as process variables (PV) and manipulated output values (MV) held in the other function blocks, to the function block’s I/O terminals. An example of data connection with other function blocks’ data items is shown below:
I/O Connection Information: Element symbol name.data item name • Element symbol name: A tag name, label name, element number or terminal number that identifies the connection destination. • Data item name: PV, RV, MV, etc. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Terminal Connection The terminal connection specifies an input or an output terminal of another function block as the connection destination of the function block. Examples often used are shown below: Connection between function blocks In the cascade control, the terminal (OUT) of the function block in the upstream is connected to the set terminal (SET) or the input terminal (IN, Inn) terminal of the function block in the downstream. Connection via transfer switch block Either input terminals or output terminals of SW-33 and SW-91 should be connected in the way of the terminal connection. In case of the terminal connection, signals may flow bi-directionally.
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Terminal Connection In the cascade control, the terminal (OUT) of the function block in the upstream is connected to the set terminal (SET) of the function block in the downstream.
Signal flows bi-directionally.
I/O Connection Information: Element symbol name.I/O terminal name • Element symbol name: A tag name identifies the connection destination. • I/O terminal name: IN, OUT, SET, etc. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Terminal and Data Connection In the SW-33 or SW-91 block, it is possible to mix two methods; reading data by the terminal connection and by the data connection.
Whatever the switch block is used or not, the connection between two function blocks (PID and AS-H) should be the terminal connection.
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Sequence Connection The sequence connection is used for the condition testing of input signals or the status manipulation of output elements with the function block. In the sequential control, the processing done on reading data from the connection destination is referred to as [Condition testing], the processing done on writing data into the connection destination is referred to as [Status manipulation]. The connecting information is described as below: Element symbol name.Data item name.Condition specification Element symbol name.Data item name.Action specification An example: FIC100.MODE.AUT
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Connection between Drawings/Stations A data item or an I/O terminal of the function block in a control drawing can be connected to the I/O terminal or a data item of the function block in another control drawing or control station. The following diagram shows an example of cascade control using the connection between control stations (FCS). Control bus (V net) FCS0101
FCS0102
Terminal connection ADL
Function block IN
PID
Function block IN
OUT
SET
PID
OUT
Inter-station connection block TE33Q6C40-01E
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Connection between Drawings The AREAIN block enables the connections between control drawings. DR0021
DR0022
LDLAG block
FF100
OUT
LDLAG
Data setting
TIC200.VN AREAIN block
IN
VN
PVI block
FI100
PV
Data reference
FI100.PV
PVI
AREAIN block
IN
PID block
TIC200 PID OUT
PID block
FIC100
SET
Terminal connection
PID
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FIC100.SET AREAIN block
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Data Connection between Stations The AREAOUT block enables the connections between control stations. The inter-station connection block (ADL) is automatically generated. FCS0101
FCS0102
LDLAG block
FF100
OUT
LDLAG
Data setting
TIC200.VN AREAOUT block (ADL)
IN
VN
PVI block
FI100
PV
Data reference
FI100.PV
PVI
AREAOUT block (ADL)
IN
PID block
TIC200 PID OUT
PID block
FIC100
SET
Terminal connection
PID
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FIC100.SET AREAOUT block (ADL)
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Input Processing
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B 3 Input Processing
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Input Processing The processing that performs before control computation for the input signal read from the connection destination is called “Input processing”. Apply the 1st order lag filter to the signal from the input signal conversion function to get PV.
Input signal conversion PV/FV overshoot
No conversion
CAL BAD
CAL
Input module
RAW
Read the input signal from the process Input module or other function blocks.
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PV
Analog input square root extraction
Digital filter
The function to integrate the signal from the input signal conversion function.
Pulse train input conversion
CAL BAD
Communication input conversion
Integration
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Overview of Input Processing The input processing common to regulatory control blocks and calculation blocks are as follows: • Input signal conversion (No conversion, square root extraction, pulse train conversion, communication input conversion and so on.)
• Digital filter • Integration • OV/FV/CPV overshoot • Calibration
The input processing of the function block can be defined with [Basic] and [Input] tabs of the function block detail definition builder. See IM33S01B30-01E PART-C Function Block Common, C3 Input Processing. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Input Signal Conversion No conversion: Input signal conversion is not performed with “No conversion”. The raw data, however, read from current/voltage input modules into the IN terminal (0 to 100% data) are converted to the form of engineering data with high/low scaling specified for the PV. The raw data read from TC/RTD input modules into the IN terminal (engineering data) are not converted.
Input signal no conversion. LINEAR is specified. (default)
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Analog Input Square Root Extraction When a differential pressure transmitter is used, in order to convert from the analog input signal (differential pressure signal) into the signal of the flow (flow signal), the square root extraction is performed. For the square root extraction, low input cut-off value can be set.
This function changes the value after the square root extraction to zero when the input signal is below low input cut-off value. It improves the accuracy at very low flow rate. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Square Root Extraction When the square root extraction is used, care must be taken to avoid duplicated definition. The function block input processing has a square root extraction function.
FIC100 Function block PID
Input module
The function block input module has a square root extraction function.
Input module
There transmitters that have a square root extraction function.
Transmitter
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Pulse-Train Input Conversion A process variable (PV) is calculated based on the integrated pulse count value (P) read from the pulse-train input and its measurement time (t). For the pulse-train input, a pulse rate (default is 1 Hz) and an input buffer size (default is AUT) must be specified.
Pulse Rate (P-rate) refers to the input pulse frequency measured when the PV is at the scale high limit. See Supplement IV. Pulse Train Input Conversion. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Communication Input Conversion Communication input conversion performs [Data conversion] and [High/low-limit check] for the input data read from the communication module. Data conversion: With the communication input, the raw input data read from the input terminal may be in the specific format. The data need to be converted into process variable (PV) with the engineering unit. M=GAIN·N+BIAS M: PV N: Communication input GAIN: Conversion gain (default is 1.000) BIAS: Conversion bias (default is 0.000)
High/low-limit check: In order to induce the input open alarm status in the function block, the high/low-limit check is performed. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Digital Filter The digital filter is the function to reduce the noises from the process input signal by means of the first-order lag filter. Three coefficients are provided: Coefficient 1, 2 and 3. Yn=(1-α)·X+ α·Yn-1
Yn = Current filtering data Yn-1 = Previous filtering data X = Input data α = Filter coefficient
α= 0.5 (default setting)
Filter coefficient (α) and Time constant (T*) Coefficient 1 Coefficient 2 Coefficient 3
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0 0.5 0.75 0.875 1
0 1 3 7 ∞
When IN terminal is connected to I/O module, coefficient 1 is used. *T: Unit is second and scan period is 1 second. 27
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Integration Integration refers to the function in which the input signal or the value after the input processing is integrated. • The integration performs integration processing for the calculated value before the digital filtering. • In the calibration mode (CAL), the PV value is integrated. • The time scale is selected from second, minute, hour or day. • The maximum number of totalized digits is 8. When the totalized digits exceed 8, the totalized values are reset to zero and integration continues.
For the integration, the low-input cut value can be specified.
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PV/FV/CPV Overshoot The PV overshoot refers to the function block in which the process variable (PV) is coincided with the scale high-limit (SH) or the scale low-limit (SL) when the data status is invalid (BAD). (PV/CPV overshoot functions when the I/O connection method is the process connection. FV overshoot functions only for the motor control function blocks.) Reason for invalidity (BAD) and overshoot value.
The default setting is “Holding PV”. “Overshoot PV” is also selectable. With “Holding PV,” when the data status of process variable (PV) becomes invalid, the last good process variable is held.
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-C Function Block Common, C5 Alarm Processing - FCS. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Calibration The calibration is the function in which the emulated signal for a process variable (PV) or a calculated output value (CPV) in the function block can be set manually by the operation and monitoring functions for maintenance or testing. • The color of PV bar display changes to cyan. • The process variable can be set manually. • Integration continues with the process variable (PV). • The alarm check for the process variable (PV) is bypassed. • Block mod changes to manual (MAN). Calibration setting button
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Control Computation Processing
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B 4 Control Computation Processing
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Control Computation Processing The PID control computation in the PID control function block calculates a manipulated output change (ΔMV) with the specified PID control algorithm. And then either velocity form or positional form output action converts the ΔMV to MV. The figure below shows a block diagram of PID control computation: PID Control Computation Algorithms SV PV
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PID / PI-D / I-PD
Output actions ΔMV
Velocity / Positional
MV
PI / I
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Output Processing
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B 5 Output Processing
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Output Processing Output processing refers to the processing that is executed to the values obtained from the control computation before output it. AUT/CAS/RCAS/PRD
MH
AUT/CAS/RCAS/ROUT/PRD
ML MAN
MAN/TRK
TRK
Output limiter
Control computation
Preset MV
＋
ΔMV limiter -
ROUT
＋
MV ＋
TRK
RMV
Output conversion
MVrb
No conversion
Aux. output TIN
SUB
OUT
Output module TE33Q6C40-01E
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Output Processing The output processing common to the regulatory control blocks: • Output limiter • Output velocity limiter • Output clamp • Preset manipulated output • Output tracking • Output range tracking • Manipulated output index • Output conversion (no conversion, pulse width output conversion, communication output conversion and so on)
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-C Function Block Common, C4 Output Processing. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Output Limiter The output limiter limits the manipulated output (MV) within the manipulated output high-limit (MH) and low-limit (ML) values in AUT mode.
High/low limit expansion function
When the mode is transferred from MAN to AUT mode, if the manipulated output has exceeded the high/low limit values, the high/low limit values are temporarily expanded to avoid abrupt change in the manipulated output (MV). TE33Q6C40-01E
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Output Velocity Limiter It is a function to limit the amount of change between the previous and the current manipulated outputs, so as to avoid the abrupt changes in MV. • The output velocity limiter can be bypassed in MAN mode. • In MAN mode the manipulated output values are displayed intact on the operation and monitoring windows. • The limiter does not function in a 2-position and a 3-position ON/OFF controller.
The output velocity limiter is ineffective in the default setting (100%).
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Output Clamp Output clamp prevents the manipulated output value (MV) from exceeding or falling below the current value. The high limit clamp (CLP+) or the low-limit clamp (CLP-) of MV data status is initiated on one of the following conditions: • The output value is limited by the output limiter. • The data status of the cascade-connected destination is either CLP+ or CLP-. C
C
C is indicated in the MV pointer. C CLP+ and CLP- are the data status.
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Preset Manipulated Output The preset manipulated output forces a block mode to MAN and output a preset value as the manipulated output MV through an external command. The command to output the preset value is generated by switching the preset MV switch (PSW) from 0 to 1, 2 or 3. • PSW=0: Preset manipulated output is not effective.
• PSW=1: MV=MSL (Low limit value of MV) • PSW=2: MV=MSH (High limit value of MV) • PSW=3: MV=PMV (Preset MV output value) The preset MV switch (PSW) value will be automatically reset to 0 when the preset manipulated output function is activated to set the manipulated output (MV) at a preset value. The preset manipulated output value (PMV) is a value set as a tuning parameter from the operation and monitoring function, or from the General-Purpose Calculation Blocks. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Output Tracking The output tracking is the function that forces the output value to match the value of the output destination or the value of the tracking input value.
TIC101 PID OUT
Output tracking MV
[In TRK (tracking) mode and IMAN (initialization manual) mode]
Terminal connection SET
FIC101 PID
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Output Range Tracking The output range tracking is the function that forces the scale high/low-limit of the MV to match those of the output destination, and the values of data items related to the MV are recalculated whenever the scale high/low-limit changes. PID MSH MSL
Output range tracking (MSH and MSL in the upper stream will track SH and SL in the downstream.)
The output range tracking is the default setting (Automatic). When (Self) is specified, output range changes to 0 to 100% for free setting.
OUT
Terminal connection SET
PID SH SL
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Manipulated Output Index The manipulated output indexes show the permissible range of the manual MV at normal operation. The manual output index is only available for regulatory control blocks.
Permissible MV range (OPHI, OPLO)
The default setting for the indexes is Yes. The values can be set on the tuning window.
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Output Signal Conversion The output signal conversion converts the result of control calculation to an output format for the output modules or other function blocks. The output signal conversion may be used for the processes common to the regulatory control blocks and the calculation blocks, and for the processes for the specific function blocks. Output signal conversion processes common to function blocks and calculation blocks: • No conversion • Pulse width output conversion (only for regulatory control blocks) • Communication output conversion
Output signal conversion processes for specific function blocks: • Motor control block output • 2 or 3-position ON/OFF controller output • Time proportional ON/OFF controller output • Flow/mass totalizing batch set block output • Pulse count block output TE33Q6C40-01E
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Output Signal Conversion When the regulatory control block outputs to the analog output module, the tight-shut or the full-open functions and the direction of analog output can be defined.
Default is -17.19% (Ms) and 106.25% (Mf). TE33Q6C40-01E
The negative direction can be set with detailed setting in the IOM builder. 44
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Alarm Processing - FCS
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B 6 Alarm Processing - FCS
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Alarm Processing - FCS Function blocks
Alarm setpoint values
The function that detects abnormality of the process from PV, MV and other values. Re-warning alarm
Process data
Alarm detection function
Alarm status
The function that summarizes the results of the alarm detection function and notifies the operation and monitoring functions as a message.
Alarm notification function
Alarm message
Alarm detection setting
Alarm acknowledgement state
Alarm inhibition (AOF)
Acknowledgement operation TE33Q6C40-01E
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Alarm Detection Function The following alarm detections are performed: Alarm status* Data item • Input open alarm check IOP, IOP• Input error alarm check IOP, IOP• Input high-high/low-low limit alarm check HH, LL HH, LL • Input high/low limit alarm check HI, LO PH, PL • Input velocity alarm check VEL+, VELVL • Deviation alarm check DV+, DVDV • Output open alarm check OOP • Output high/low-limit alarm check MHI, MLO MH, ML • Connection failure alarm check CNF * Colors of alarm status are of default. See IM33S01B30-01E PART-C Function Block Common, C5 Alarm Processing - FCS. See also Supplement V. Block Mode and VI. Block Status, Alarm Status, Data Status. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Input Open Alarm Check The input open alarm check generates the high/low limit input open alarm (IOP, IOP-) when the input value is out of the range of the high/low limit input open detection setpoint. The Input open alarm check is performed by the input module. The function blocks that are connected directly to the input module receives the check results from the input module as a data status, and the high and low limit input open alarm is activated or recovered.
Operations at IOP generation: • Stop the input processing. • Hold the input value (Holding PV) before the alarm occurrence (when “Overshoot PV” is not defined). • In the regulatory control blocks, MAN fall back operation is performed and the block mode changes to MAN. The setting of the input open alarm check type can be defined in the “input open alarm” on the Function Block Detail Builder. The high and low limit input open detection setpoint values can be defined in the IOM Builder Detail Setting. The default values of input open detection setpoint: IOP = 106.3 %, -IOP = -6.3 % TE33Q6C40-01E
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Input Error Alarm Check The input error alarm check determines whether the data status of the input value is invalid (BAD). When the data is invalid (BAD), the high-limit input open alarm (IOP) is activated*. The possible causes of the invalid (BAD) data status of the input value are listed below: • Input open detected • I/O module failure • Block mode of the block for data reference is disabled (O/S) • Data status of the data for data reference is invalid (BAD) • Data status of the input value fails to communicate (NCOM) * However, when the cause of the invalidity (BAD) data status is low-limit input open, the low-limit input open alarm (IOP-) is activated and the highlimit input open alarm (IOP) is not activated.
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HH, PH, PL and LL Alarm Check The input high-high limit, high limit, low limit and low-low limit alarm check may generate an alarm to indicate that the input signal is in high-high, high, low and low-low alarming status (HH, HI, LO, LL).
Hysteresis (HYS): Engineering unit data within the range of 0 to PV scale span, or percentage data for the PV scale span. When specifying percentage data, add % after the numeric value. The default is 2.0 %.
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Velocity Alarm Check The input velocity alarm check may generate an alarm to indicate that the velocity in positive direction (VEL+) or velocity in negative direction (VEL-) is in alarming status.
• Hysteresis (HYS): The default is 2.0 %. • Number of samplings (N): 1 to 12 points. The default setting is 1 point • Sampling interval (Tp): 1 to 10,000. Unit is scan interval. The default setting is 1 TE33Q6C40-01E
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Deviation Alarm Check The deviation alarm check may generate an alarm to indicate that the deviation (DV=PV-SV) in positive direction (DV+) or the deviation in negative direction (DV-) is in alarming status.
• Hysteresis (HYS): The default is 1.0 %.
To prevent occurrence of the undesired alarm caused by abrupt set value change or set value ramp, the velocity change speed (derivative value) of the setpoint value (SV) is used as the deviation alarm setpoint value correction factor (r) to compensate the deviation alarm setpoint value (DL). TE33Q6C40-01E
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Output Open Alarm Check The output open alarm check may generate an alarm to indicate that the output is open (OOP). The output open alarm check is performed by the I/O module. The function block receives the check results from the I/O module as a data status (OOP) and processes the activation or the restoration of the output open alarm. The output open alarm is activated only in the function block that is directly connected to the I/O module. The alarm will not be activated at function blocks that sends output through data connections to other function blocks. When I/O modules are duplicated, an output open alarm is activated if both I/O modules are failed.
Operations at OOP generation: • For the regulatory control blocks that have MAN fallback functions, the MAN fallback action is initiated and the block mode is changed to manual (MAN) mode. • The manipulated output value (MV) is frozen, and the current value is kept as manipulated output values (MV). TE33Q6C40-01E
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MH and ML Alarm Check The output high and low limit alarm check is a function that determines whether the manipulated output value (MV) exceeds the range of the manipulated output variable highlimit/ low-limit setpoint (MH, ML) for the output limiter. When it is determined that the manipulated output value (MV) exceeds the manipulated output variable high limit setpoint (MH), an output high limit alarm (MHI) is activated. Similarly, when it is lower than the manipulated variable low limit setpoint (ML), an output low limit alarm (MLO) is activated. • Hysteresis (HYS): The default is 2.0 %.
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Alarm Messages • Process alarm messages: The process alarm messages are transmitted when abnormality in the process variables (PV) or manipulated output values (MV) is detected by the alarm detection function of the function block, and when the abnormality returns to normal.
• System alarm messages: The system alarm messages are the messages transmitted to the operation and monitoring functions from the FCS about abnormalities occurred in the system of the FCS.
• Input module abnormality • Output module abnormality • Abnormality in the user defined calculations • Abnormality in the sequential control blocks at one-shot initiation
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Process Alarm Message The occurrence of a process alarm message is shown below:
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Process Alarm Notification Flow System message window
Process alarm window
Graphic window Related window
Process alarm occurrence
✓ Alarm acknowledgement
Navigator window
Save in file TE33Q6C40-01E
Buzzer sounds 57
Printout
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System Alarm Message The occurrence of a system alarm message is shown below:
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Deactivate Alarm Detection and Alarm Off
• Deactivate alarm detection function: For each alarm detection function of the process alarms, the alarm detection status can be changed by setting the detection function to “enabled” or “disabled”. AOF setting button
• Alarm OFF (inhibition) function (AOF) The process alarm message operation can be temporarily suppressed leaving the alarm detection function operating. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Alarm Related Builders Three alarm related builders are provided in COMMON folder: Alarm priority: For the 5 alarm priorities, output operations and alarm actions are specified. Alarm status character string: Up to 32 alarm status labels for each function block are defined. Alarm processing table: Up to 16 alarm processing levels can be defined.
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Alarm Priority The following table shows the alarm processing according to the alarm priority: Operation and monitoring function: • With or without window display
FCS functions: • Operation at alarm occurrence
• With or without printing • With or without file save
• With or without repeated warning alarm • Alarm operation at recovery
Alarm actions and levels of alarm priority
*1: Action may be defined on Alarm Priority Builder.
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Alarm Processing Level With the alarm processing level, the alarm priority level can be specified for each function block or element. There are 16 alarm processing levels*. The alarm priority and alarm colors of all alarms occurred in a function block or an element are defined for each processing level. * The alarm processing level can be designated in the Function Block Overview Builder and the Function Block Detail Builder. Tag Mark, Alarm Priority, and Security Level (Default)
Any combination of a tag mark, an alarm priority, and a function block security level can be designated.
The definitions level 1 through level 4 have been defined by the system. Level 5 through level 16 are for user definitions. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Alarm Actions High and medium priority alarm.
Low priority alarm.
Logging and reference alarm.
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Alarm Status Character String Upon occurrence of the alarm, the alarm status is displayed in a character string, and the alarm is processed in a predetermined manner. The alarm status character string can be either a system-fixed character string or a user-defined character string for user-defined function blocks. System fixed alarm status character string for the PID control function block is shown in the table below: 2
3
4
5
6
8
LL
HH
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 IOP-
9
IOP
CAL
Alarm status
7
OOP
1
NR
Bit position
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 CNF
MLO
MHI
64
VEL-
VEL+
DV-
DV+
LO
HI
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Alarm Processing Table Alarm status bit positions 1 to 6 are not displayed in a window because they are system-fixed. Alarm processing level Nos. 1 to 4 are also system-fixed. The user can designate the color and the priority for alarm processing level Nos. 5 to 16 for alarm status bit positions 7 to 32. Alarm status bit position
Alarm processing level number
System-fixed
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User-defined 65
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System-fixed Alarm Status Change (1) The system-fixed alarm status character string itself cannot be changed, but its color and priority can be changed. Bit position assignment of the PID controller block is shown in the previous slide. If we want to designate the “HH” and “LL” alarms in a PID function block to be processed as a high-priority alarm, and displayed in magenta, while “HI” and “LO” alarms to be processed as a medium-priority alarm, and displayed in orange, do the following: 1.
In the Alarm Processing Table Builder, designate [M: Magenta] for [Color (5)], and [1: High-priority Alarm] for [Priority (5)] for bit positions 13 (HH) and 14 (LL) on the alarm processing level No.5. Next, designate [OR: Orange] for [Color (5)], and [2: Medium-priority Alarm] for [Priority (5)]. for bit positions 17 (HI) and 18 (LO). (The alarm priority after bit position 19 should be the medium priority alarm as the higher priority to be designated in ascending order of the bit position.)
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System-fixed Alarm Status Change (2) Designation in the Alarm Processing Table Builder.
Designate magenta
High priority alarm Medium priority alarm Designate orange
2.
Select the [Alarm] tab in the Function Block Detail Builder, and then select [5: User-defined Alarm Process (5)] at [Alarm Processing Level].
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Block Mode and Status
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B 7 Block Mode and Status
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Block Mode and Status Block mode and status are the information that represent the conditions of the function blocks.
• Block mode • Block status
Represent the operating state of the function blocks.
• Alarm status
Represents the alarm state of the process.
• Data status
Represents the quality of the process data.
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-C Function Block Common, C6 Block Mode and Status. See also Supplement VI. Block Status, Alarm Status, Data Status. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Block Mode The block mode is the information that represents the control state and the output state of a function block. The different type of function blocks have the different block modes. There are 9 basic block modes and several compound block modes. Basic block mode: O/S, IMAN, TRK, MAN, AUT, CAS, PRD, RCAS, ROUT
Compound block mode: The state where multiple basic block modes are established at a time. e.g. AUT – IMAN
See Supplement V. Block Mode
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Basic Block Modes O/S: (Out of Service) All functions of the function block are currently stopped. IMAN: (Initialization MANual) Calculation processing and output processing are currently stopped. TRK: (TRacKing) Calculation processing is currently stopped and the specified value is forced to be output. MAN: (MANual) Calculation processing is currently stopped and the manipulated output value, which is set manually, is output. AUT: (AUTomatic) Calculation processing is being executed and the calculation result is output. CAS: (CAScade) Calculation processing is being executed, the set value CSV is from the cascade connected upstream block, and the calculation result referred to this CSV is output. PRD: (PRimary Direct) Calculation processing is currently stopped, the set value CSV is from the cascade connected upstream block, this CSV is output directly. RCAS: (Remote CAScade) An control and calculation processing is being executed using the remote setpoint value (RSV) which is set remotely from a supervisory system computer, and the calculation results is output. ROUT: (Remote OUTput) Calculation processing is currently stopped, and the remote manipulated output value (RMV) which is set remotely from a supervisory system computer is output directly. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Tracking Mode (TRK) The tracking mode is used to switch the MV from one function block to another function block balance-less bump-less. When the tracking switch (TSW) is ON (1), the data for the TIN terminal is output. When TSW is OFF (0), PID computation result is the output.
TSW input
0
SV FIC PV 1 SV
Switch 1
PIC PV 1
0 – 100 kPa
0 – 100 Nm3/min
Pressure
Flow
TIN data
Vane control drive
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Blower
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Primary Direct Mode (PRD) When the block mode is set to PRD, calculation processing is currently stopped. The set value CSV is from the cascade connected upstream block is output to the control valve after output processing. [PRD] S’ry Controller
[AUT] SV1
MV1 P’ry Controller
SV2
CAS
Control Computation
Output MV2 Processing
PRD
PRD
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CAS
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Basic Block Modes Relationship Priority level 4
O/S
Complementary relationship
IMAN
3
TRK
2
MAN, AUT, CAS, PRD
High
1
RCAS, ROUT
0
Low
Exclusive relationship TE33Q6C40-01E
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Block Mode Change Interlock Block mode change interlock condition: When the status of the interlock switch connected to the terminal (INT) becomes ON, the block mode change interlock establishes, then succeeded by the following actions: • The MAN fallback condition establishes, and the block mode changes to manual (MAN). • Any mode change command to put the function block into an automatic operation status (AUT, CAS, PRD, RCAS or ROUT mode) is invalidated.
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Status Block status: A block status is the information that represents the operating state of a function block. Some function blocks do not have any block status. e.g. PALM, CTUP status of TM block
Alarm status: An alarm status is the information that represents the alarm state of a process which was detected by the function block. e.g. HI, LO status of PID block
Data status: A data status is the information that represents the quality of data. The status passes from a function block to another by I/O operation. The data status if observed when various exceptional events occurred due to abnormality in the process input or calculation. e.g. BAD, IOP status of data
See Supplement VI. Block Status, Alarm Status, Data Status. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Processing Timing
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-B 8 Processing Timing
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Processing Timing An individual function block executes an input, a calculation or an output processing according to the processing timing. There are four types of the processing timing: • Periodic execution: Executed repeatedly with preset period.
• One-shot execution: Executed only once when invoked from another function block.
• Initial execution / Restart execution: Executed when FCS executes start operation.
• Initial execution: Executed when FCS executes cold start operation. See IM33S01B30-01E PART-C Function Block Common, C7 Processing Timing. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Processing Timing • Processing timing of regulatory control blocks: The processing timing for the regulatory control blocks is the periodic execution.
• Processing timing of calculation blocks: There are following two types of the processing timing for the calculation blocks: * Periodic execution * One-shot execution
• Processing timing of sequential control blocks: There are following four types of the processing timing for the sequential blocks: * Periodic execution * One-shot execution * Initial start / restart execution * Initial start execution
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Processing Timing The processing timing that activates the individual function blocks and control drawings are determined by the following factors in the periodic execution of the regulatory control blocks: Scan period:
(Some FCSs have no
Basic scan, medium-speed scan, high-speed scan. medium-scan period.)
Execution order of processing: Control drawings are executed in order of the drawing number. Function blocks in one control drawing are executed ion order of the function block number.
Process I/O processing timing: The processing timing varies by the analog I/O and status I/O.
Control period of regulatory control block: A regulatory control block has a control period besides the scan period.
Medium and high-speed scan period are defined on the FCS property window.
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Scan Periods Scan period determines a period for the periodic execution of the function block. There are three types of scan periods: basic scan, medium-speed scan and high-speed scan. ● Basic Scan The basic scan is a standard scan period which is common to function blocks. The basic scan period is fixed to 1 second. This cannot be changed. ● Medium-Speed Scan (LFCS/KFCS) The medium-speed scan is a scan period suited for the process control that requires quicker response than what can be achieved with the basic scan setting. Setting value of the medium-speed scan can be selected by each FCS according to its use. Setting value of the medium-speed scan can be changed on System View: • Medium-speed scan period: Select “200 ms” or “500 ms.” The default is “500 ms.” ● High-Speed Scan The high-speed scan is a scan period suited for the process control that requires high-speed response. Setting value of the high-speed scan can be selected by each FCS according to its use. Setting value of the high-speed scan can be changed on System View: • High-speed scan period: Select “50 ms,” “100 ms,” “200 ms” or “500 ms.” The default is “200 ms.” TE33Q6C40-01E
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Execution Order The groups of high-speed scan function blocks in three drawings are indicated as A, B and C. Similarly, the groups of medium-speed scan function blocks, A’, B’ and C’; and the basic scan function blocks, a, b and c. 3rd priority 2nd priority 1st priority
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Control Period Among the regulatory control blocks, the controller block has a control period besides the processing period. The control period is the period that the controller block executes control computation and output processing during the automatic operation. The control period is always an integer multiple of the scan period of 1 second. Input and alarm processing are performed at each scan period.
In ‘Automatic determination’, the control period is defined in accordance with the integral time. High- Medium- Speed Scan
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Regulatory Control Functions
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-C Regulatory Control Functions
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Regulatory Control Functions CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-C Regulatory Control Functions C1. C2. C3. C4.
Regulatory Control Positioning Regulatory Control Block Structure Types of Regulatory Control Blocks Control Computation of Control Block
Reference: IM33S01B30-01E PART-D Function Block Details, D1 Regulatory Control TE33Q6C40-01E
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Regulatory Control Positioning
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-C 1 Regulatory Control Positioning
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Regulatory Control Positioning The regulatory control block performs control computation processing using analog process variables and so on for the process monitoring and control. FCS Basic control
Software I/O
I/O interfaces
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Regulatory Control Block Structure
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-C 2 Regulatory Control Block Structure
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Regulatory Control Block Structure The structure of regulatory control function block PID: SET
CSV
BIN
RL1
RL2
(VN)
(RLV1)
(RLV2)
MAN
RCAS
IN
RAW
PV
Control computation processing
(PV, ΔPV, MV, ΔMV)
Reading a raw data from the input terminal, performs input processing to output PV.
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INT
Detects an abnormality in PV, MV and notifies the operation and monitoring functions.
SV
RSV
TSI (TSW)
Alarm processing
CAS AUT MAN
Input processing
TIN
CAS AUT
Output processing
MV
OUT
ROUT
RMV
SUB
Reading PV and SV, performs control computation processing to output MV. 6
Reads MV and outputs the result of output processing to the output terminal.
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Data Items and Terminals The following list shows the data items and the terminals of the PID control function block:
*1 *2 *5
*3 *3 *4
*1 *5 *2 *3
*1: Either input or output compensation is possible. *2: Used for the reset limit function. *3: Used for the output tracking function. *4: Interlock the block mode transfer. *5: Remote value means the value from another computer.
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Types of Regulatory Control Block
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-C 3 Types of Regulatory Control Blocks
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Types of Regulatory Control Block The regulatory control blocks vary by the types of data handled and control computation processing functions provided. • Input indicator blocks • Controller blocks • Manual loader blocks • Signal setter blocks • Signal limiter blocks • Signal selector blocks • Signal distributor blocks • Pulse count block • Alarm block • YS blocks See Supplement VII. Regulatory Control Function Blocks. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Controller Blocks The table below shows nine controller blocks available: PID controller block explained in the textbook.
See Supplement X. PI Control Function Block.
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Control Computation
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-C 4 Control Computation of Control Block
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PID Control Computation The PID control computation in the PID control function block calculates a manipulated output change (ΔMV) with the specified PID control algorithm. And then either velocity form or positional form output action converts the ΔMV to MV. The figure below shows a block diagram of PID control computation: PID Control Computation Algorithms SV
Output actions
PID / PI-D / I-PD ΔMV
PV
Velocity / Positional
MV
PI / I
See IM33S01B30-01E PART-D Function Block Details, D1.5 PID Controller Block (PID). TE33Q6C40-01E
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PID Control Algorithms (1) The PID control computation is the core of the PID control computation processing, calculating a manipulated output change (ΔMV) by using the PID control algorithms. The PID control is the most widely used, it combines three types of actions: proportional, integral and derivative. The figure below shows a block diagram of PID control computation: Control action (P) bypass
(PV)
(DV)
(PV)
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Control action (D) bypass
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PID Control Algorithms (2) There are five control algorithms to perform PID computation:
Basic type PID control (PID): A quick response for the SV change can be expected. PV proportional and derivative type PID control (I-PD): SV may be changed not considering bump.
PV derivative type PID control (PI-D): Relatively good response for the SV change can be expected.
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Control Action Bypass Control action bypass: The PID Controller Block can perform the following two types of control action by bypassing proportional and/or derivative actions among the proportional, integral and derivative actions:
To set the control action bypass, specify “0” to the set parameter P or D, as shown in the table above. The proportional gain (Kp) is fixed to “1” when only integral action is required.
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Control Output Action The control output action converts the difference of MV (ΔMV) into the manipulated output (MVn) at each control period. Velocity form:
Adds ΔMV to the read-back value (MVrb) from the destination.
MVn = MVrb + ΔMV
Positional form: (default setting) Adds the difference of the current manipulated output (ΔMVn) to the previous output (MVn-1).
MVn = MVn-1 + ΔMVn
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Control Action Direction The control action direction function switches between direct (increase) action and reverse (decrease) action that shows increase or decrease of the manipulated output value (MV) corresponding to the changes of the process variable (PV). Direct (Increase) action: When the SV is fixed, the control action in which the manipulated variable (MV) increases as the process variable (PV) increases.
Reverse (Decrease) action (default setting): When the SV is fixed, the control action in which the manipulated variable (MV) increases as the process variable (PV) decreases.
Direct action
MV
PV
Reverse action
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Process Variable Tracking When the block mode is switched from manual (MAN) mode to automatic (AUT) mode, if a large deviation exists, the manipulated output (MV) changes the quickly. To prevent this change, the measurement racking function equals the setpoint variable (SV) to the process variable (PV) in the MAN mode. If SV equals PV, MV won’t change as no deviation exists. However, SV is not fixed. Care must be taken when the controller is used with the constant SV.
PV
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SV
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Control Computation Processing (1) Besides the control computation processing functions explained, the following functions are the examples provided for the PID control blocks: Non-linear gain: Changes the proportional gain in accordance with the degree of deviation so that the relationship between the deviation and manipulated output change (ΔMV) becomes non-linear. Two types of the non-linear gain control are provided: Gap action or square deviation action. Reset limit function: Performs correction computation using values read from the connection destinations input terminals RL1 and RL2 during PID control computation. This function prevents reset windup. Deadband action: Adjust the manipulated output change (ΔMV) to “0” when the deviation is within the deadband range, in order to stop the manipulated output (MV) from changing.
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Control Computation Processing (2) I/O compensation: Adds the I/O compensation value (VN) received from outside to the input signal or the control output signal of PID computation when the controller block is in MAN. Either Input compensation (used for the dead-band compensation control) or output compensation (used for the feedforward control) is selectable. Setpoint value limiter: Limits the setpoint value (SV) within the setpoint High/low limits (SVH, SVL). Setpoint value pushback: Causes two of the three setpoint values (SV, CSV, RSV) to agree with the remaining one. Bumpless switching: When the block mode is changed or when the manipulated output (MV) is switched in a downstream block, no bump occurs in the MV. See Supplement IX. Control Computation Processing.
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Operation and Monitoring Functions
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-D Operation and Monitoring Functions
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Operation and Monitoring Functions CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-D Operation and Monitoring Functions D1. D2. D3. D4. D5. D6. D7.
Engineering Procedures Basic Definitions of HIS Operation and Monitoring Functions Trend Recording Function Message Processing Function Keys Other Functions Reference: IM33S01B30-01E PART-E Human Interface Station
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Engineering Procedures
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-D 1 Engineering Procedures
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Engineering Procedures
Basic functions of HIS: Functions of operation and monitoring windows such as graphic windows. Trend recording functions to save data and redisplay. Message functions such as operator guide messages, alarm messages etc. Function key functions to make operation easy. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Engineering Procedures HIS constant definition Graphic window definition
Define functions necessary for the operation and monitoring.
Trend definition
The functions supporting the operations such as the function key functions may be changed directly by HIS SetUp window.
Sequence message definition Help message definition
Details of HIS SetUp window are explained in the fundamental course textbook.
Function key definition Scheduler definition
: Explained in the course.
Plant hierarchy definition Panel set definition TE33Q6C40-01E
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Basic Definitions of HIS
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-D 2 Basic Definitions of HIS
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HIS Property At the creation of new HIS, device type, station number, network and so on are to be defined with the property window. Protocol of control network * Use default values. No change is allowed.
Device type
Information network protocol. Either the default values or the values for the intercompany LAN are acceptable.
Station number
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HIS Property
Buzzer acknowledgment ID
Operation group ID
The default values of the buzzer ACK ID and the operation group ID may be used. (All HIS belong to a single group.)
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Buzzer ACK ID The buzzer ACK ID is an ID that allows buzzers on other HIS’s with same buzzer ACK ID to be reset when a the buzzer is acknowledged on one HIS. Buzzer ACK identifier: • The buzzer ACK ID can be set with up to eight alphanumeric characters.
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Operation Group A number of HIS on the same communication bus are grouped based on the operation policy, and the operation and monitoring can be performed in the unit of the group. This group is referred to as the operation group. Acknowledgement of operation guide message, panel set call, remote window call and so on.
Group identifier: • Up to 8 alphanumeric characters. The first two characters are for an ID, and the characters from the third are for comment text. • The wild card [*] may be used.
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Definition of HIS Constants Details of HIS can be defined on each item with the OpeconDef file in the CONFIGURATION folder in the HIS folder.
An example of the window to define a switch instrument diagram operation as one of HIS constants. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Definition of HIS Constants Definition of the HIS attribute and the scope of operation with the security window.
Definition of the user group to which that HIS belongs.
See IM33S01B30-01E F9.2 User group. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Definition of HIS Constants Windows to define functions related to the data save. The Closing Process creates closing data for statistical processing, such as average values and total values. The Long-term Data Save is intended for the long-term storage of trend data. (optional package)
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HIS Constants and HIS Setup Message printout, security and so on are defined with the HIS constants definition window. Setup of the printer output, window switching, screen mode and so on are set with HIS Setup window.
System Status Overview
HIS Setup window
See TE33Q4T30-01E Fundamental Course Textbook. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Operation and Monitoring Functions
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-D 3 Operation and Monitoring Functions
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Operation and Monitoring Window The operation and monitoring windows include the built-in system windows and user-defined windows that can define applications and display contents freely at the system generation. Number of user-defined windows: CS3000 = 4000 / HIS, CS1000 = 1000 / HIS
User-defined widows can be created or added with the window creation function in WINDOW folder in HIS.
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Window Attributes Attributes and other functions can be defined for each window. Definition of attributes for graphic, control, overview windows.
A window may be named as desired.
Definition of window operation and monitoring authority.
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Operation and Monitoring Authority Operation and monitoring authority for windows:
Default setting of operation and monitoring authority.
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Trend Recording Function
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-D 4 Trend Recording Function
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Trend Recording Function The trend recording function periodically gathers process data such as temperature, pressure, flow and so on from an FCS with HIS. The acquired data may be displayed as trend graphs. Referencing data from other security scope.
To Report processing / General applications
Trend record
Closing processing
Trend display Trend window / Trend point window TG0101 1 FIC100.PV 2 TIC200.PV
Process data from the FCS within the security scope.
Trend data collection
3 LIC300.PV
SaveAS
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Trend Recording Function The trend recording consists of the three layers of the trend blocks, the trend windows and the trend point windows. Trend block
Trend group
Trend block 01 TR0001 Trend block 02 TR0002 Trend block 03 TR0003
Trend group 1 TG0101 Trend group 2 TG0102 Trend group 3 TG0103
TG0101
Trend group 16 TG0116
Trend point window LIC300.PV 3 LIC300.PV
Trend block 50 TR0050
Trend window name TGbbgg bb: Block number gg: Group number
Trend window 1 FIC100.PV 2 TIC200.PV 3 LIC300.PV 4 5 6 7 8
Each trend block can specifies trend type and sampling period. Maximum number trend blocks for CS1000 is 8. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Structure of Trend Trend block: A trend block is comprised of 16 units of trend windows. There are 50 trend blocks (CS3000) per HIS. Up to 20 of the 50 trend blocks can be defined as the trend of own station. The remaining 30 trend blocks are defined as the trend of other stations. (8 trend blocks for CS1000 and no trend of other stations)
The trend format and sampling period are defined for each trend block. Trend window: 8-pen trend data can be assigned to a trend window. There are 800 trend windows (CS3000) per HIS. (128 windows for CS1000) Trend point window: One trend pen is displayed in each trend point window. There are 6,400 trend point windows (CS3000) per HIS. (1,024 widows for CS1000)
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Trend Data Acquisition Types The data acquisition includes the following four types: Continuous-rotary type: Process data are acquired constantly. Data acquisition starts automatically after starting the operation and monitoring functions. When the storage capacity becomes full, the oldest data are deleted and replaced by new data.
Batch-stop type: Data acquisition starts and stops according to the received command. When the storage capacity becomes full, data acquisition stops.
Batch-rotary type: Data acquisition starts and stops according to the received command. If no stop command is given and the storage capacity becomes full, the oldest data are deleted and replaced by new data.
Trend acquired by other HIS: Trend data acquired by other HIS may be referenced in a unit of block. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Sampling Period and Recording Span The sampling period can be selected from 1 second, 10 seconds, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 5 minutes and 10 minutes for each trend block. No more than 2 trend blocks can be specified with the sampling period of 1 second or 10 seconds. 2,880 samples can be acquired per pen. The recording span indicates the time to acquire 2,880 samples for each trend in the specified sampling period. The table below shows the relationship between the sampling period and the recording span:
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Display Data Types The display data type of each trend gathering pen is defined to display data in the trend window. The data display for the trend gathering pen include the following types:
Default: Acquired data are displayed in the default data type in the instrument faceplate showing the function block of the acquisition source.
Analog type: Acquired process data are displayed in the data axis range 0 to 100 % of the trend graph.
Discrete type: Acquired ON/OFF data are displayed in the fixed data axis range 6 % of the trend graph.
An example of discrete type
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Reference Pattern Assignment For the batch type trend, specified trend data can be assigned as a reference pattern.
Reference Patterns
The trend reference pattern, an ideal trend pattern such as the trend record by an operator with expertise can be displayed in the trend window. When the trend point window is displayed, the related reference pattern is also displayed.
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Trend Block Definition The properties of each trend block should be defined with HIS CONFIGURATION before assigning trend pens.
Trend block file: The acquisition types, acquisition periods are defined with the property window. Pens can be assigned with a trend group window by opening the file. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Trend-Pen Assignment Acquisition type setting
Display data type definition
Acquisition period setting
Trend-pen assignment window TE33Q6C40-01E
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Message Processing
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-D 5 Message Processing
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Message Processing Message processing notifies operators changes of process or system status with pre-defined messages. Type of messages: • System messages Notifies status or operations related to the system.
• Process messages Notifies status or operations related to the process. Process alarm message, annunciator message, operator guide message, printout message, sequence message request, signal event message
• Other operation related messages See IM33S01B30-01E PART-E Human Interface Station, E11 Message Processing. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Message Flow The flow of the message transmitted from the FCS is shown below: Voice output
Printout
LED/buzzer output
Window display
User Group Filter HIS Security Filter
HIS0163
HIS0164 V-net
FCS 0103
FCS 0101
FCS 0102
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Message Types User-defined messages are shown below: • Annunciator message (%AN)
Up to 24 characters
• Operator guide message (%OG)
Up to 70 characters
• Print message output (%PR)
80 characters and data
• Sequence message request (%RQ) Processing request to HIS • Signal event message (%EV)
Transmission to built-in instrument
• Help message (HW)
Up to 70 characters by 21 lines
• Voice message (%VM)
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Message Output Actions The message processing notifies operators the message arise by various message output actions. The table below shows various message output actions:
Messages often used
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Print Message (%PR) When a print message request is sent from a FCS to an HIS, the operation and monitoring functions print the character string that corresponds to the message number. The print message may be printed as one in the following formats: • Comment message plus up to 3 data in order of data 1, data 2 and data 3 may be printed out. • The integer constant specified in the action column of a sequence table plus 2 process data in order of the integer constant, data 1 and data 2 may be printed out. The element number of the print message output is as follows: For CS1000: %PR0001 to %PR0100 For CS3000: %PR0001 to %PR0200
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Print Message (%PR) An example of the print message definition and its printout are shown below:
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Print Message Flow (%PR) The occurrence, transmission and output of print message are shown as below:
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Sequence Message Request (%RQ) The sequence message request is sent by the sequential control function at a certain timing to an HIS to execute a processing. The functions executable with the sequence message request function are as follows: • Window call • Execution of system function key • Start, stop or restart of batch trend data acquisition • Flashing, turn-on or turn-off of LED • Execution of a program with its program name • Execution of multi-media function • Printout of report The element numbers of the sequence message request are as follows: For CS1000: %PR0001 to %RQ0100 For CS3000: %PR0001 to %RQ0200
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Message Request Flow (%RQ) Turn-on LED Report printout Window display
An example of automatic report printing at the end of the process.
Sequence function TE33Q6C40-01E
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Message Request and Scheduler Sequence message request definition window.
Scheduler definition window TE33Q6C40-01E
Start Time setting and other setting items.
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Execution Methods of HIS Functions Function key, scheduler or sequence message request is used to startup HIS functions or programs. Basic functions are almost the same. Only the execution method varies.
HIS functions
Program startup
LED display
Execution method
Function key
Possible
Turn-on
Manual operation by an operator
Scheduler
Possible
None
Automatic execution at a certain time
Sequence message request
Possible
Turn-on
Execution by the sequence
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Help Message (HW) Help messages guide the operators as an on-line manual. The messages are displayed in help dialog boxes. Besides the user-defined help, there is the pre-defined system help. User-defined help: • Up to 9,999 help dialogs can be defined. (HW0001 to HW9999) • Up to 21 lines can be defined per help and 70 characters per line. • Can be related with a function block or a graphic window.
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Help Message (HW) Help message numbers are from HW0001 to HW9999.
Users can define help messages freely.
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Help Message Call Properties window of the graphic builder. The help message number related to the graphic window.
Properties window of the function block.
The help message number related to the function block. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Message Printout Messages besides the sequence message request can be output to a printer.
Generation or recovery is distinguished by the identifier without red printing facility.
For easy-recognition of different type of messages, define number of tabs for each type of message.
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Message Printout • A printer can be assigned for each type of message. • Messages from the stations excluded from the operation group or function blocks may not be printed. • Print start position may be defined for each type of message. • Messages are not printed out until the messages are pilled up to fit one page for print. • Messages can be printed out at any timing with the function key or the scheduler function.
See IM33S01B30-01E E11 Message Processing.
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Message Printout Printer Define the HIS Printer Name for each type of message with HIS constants definition builder.
Correspondence between Printer Name (device name) and HIS Printer Name can be set with HIS Setup window, Printer tab. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Message Printout Timing Messages are not printed out until the messages are pilled up to fit one page for print. The message, however, may be sent to printer when the defined queuing time elapsed. For each message the queuing time can be defined with HIS constants builder.
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Function Keys
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-D 6 Function Keys
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Function Keys The function keys provided on the operation keyboard allow users to define functions freely. Executable functions with function keys are follows:
• Window call • Execution of system function key • Start, stop or restart of batch trend data acquisition • Flashing, turn-on or turn-off of LED • Execution of a program with its program name • Execution of multi-media function The following functions are only for CS3000. • Panel set call • Window call to another station • Remote window call by window name (console type HIS only) • Currently displayed window set copy (console type HIS only) • Remote CRT window erase (console type HIS only) See IM33S01B30-01E PART-E Human Interface Station, E13.2 Function Keys. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Window Call Function To assign the window call function to the function keys, define the following functions with the function key definition builder. • Window type Graphic window, system status display window and so on.
• Window calling function type TUN, TREND, DRAW and so on.
• Window display size Large size, medium size and others.
• Window display position Defined with X-Y co-ordinates.
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Window Display Size The window display size can be selected from the following three sizes: In window mode: • When the Large size is specified (-SL) : 80% width of the screen • When the Medium size is specified (-SM): 50% width of the screen • When the Special size is specified (-SC): The size varies with the design at creation. (No scaling, Individual windows) In full screen mode: • When
the Large size is specified (-SL) : 100% width of the screen
(The large size window is referred to as a main window, and other windows are as auxiliary windows.)
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Window Display Position The window display position can be specified beforehand. The display position is specified using X and Y coordinates. The range falls within 0 to 32767. The display position is specified in the format given below: = +X coordinate + Y coordinate 100
X coordinate: The left edge of the screen is set as the origin.
200
（+２００,+１００）
Y coordinate: The upper edge of the screen is set as the origin.
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Function to Call a Window An example to assign the window call function: O Window name {Function type} {-Window size} {=Display position} {Parameter}
O FIC101 TUN -SL =+200+100 The function parameter to specify window operation
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▲ : Space { } : Can be omitted.
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Generic parameter for data bind
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Functions of Function Keys Function parameter list: O: Window call K: Execution of system function key T: Start, stop or restart of batch trend data acquisition E: Flashing, turn-on or turn-off of LED F: Execution of a program with its program name X: Execution of multi-media function The following functions are only for CS3000. P: Panel set call S: Window call to another station See IM33S01B30-01E E13.
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System Functions Examples of the system functions (K) are as follows:
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Function Key Assignment Function key definition file (FuncKey) in CONFIGURATION folder of HIS.
An example of the function key definition:
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Temporary Assignment Function key definition window in the HIS Setup.
The functions assigned to the function keys by the HIS Setup are temporary. When the HIS definition is loaded from the System View, assigned functions are initialized to the builder definition.
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Other Functions
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-D 7 Other Functions
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Panel Set (CS3000) With the panel set function (for CS3000), multiple windows can be called up together to multiple HIS. Combination of several windows that are frequently used can be defined per set and the panel set can be called up with one-touch operation. • Up to 200 panel sets can be defined per HIS. • Up to 5 windows can be defined per set. • Calling up the panel set from other HIS is possible. HIS0124
HIS0123
Notification to HIS0124
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Panel Set Panel set definition file (PanelSet) in the CONFIGURATION folder of HIS.
An example of panel set definition window.
Definition of each window.
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Plant Hierarchy The plant hierarchy refers to the various equipment in the plant control system that are organized into layered architectures based on ISA S88.01 physical model. The plant hierarchy is useful in setting security, filtering process messages, flashing function key LEDs and performing other operations.
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Sequential Control Functions
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E Sequential Control Functions
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Sequential Control Functions CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E Sequential Functions E1. Sequential Control Positioning E2. Types of Sequential Control Blocks E3. Sequence Connection E4. Sequence Table Blocks E5. Logic Chart Block E6. Processing Timing of Sequence E7. Switch Instrument Blocks E8. Timer Block E9. Software Counter Block E10. Relational Expression Block E11. Auxiliary Blocks Reference: IM33S01B30-01E PART-D Function Block Details, D3 Sequence Control TE33Q6C40-01E
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Sequential Control Function
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 1 Sequential Control Positioning
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Sequential Control Positioning The function blocks that execute the sequential control are referred to as sequential control blocks. The positioning of the sequential control blocks is shown blow: FCS Basic control
Software I/O
I/O interfaces
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Types of Sequential Control Definition of sequential control: Sequential control executes in sequence each control step following the pre-defined conditions or orders.
The sequential control can be divided into following two types:
• Condition control (Monitoring) Monitors process status and controls according to the pre-defined conditions.
• Programmed control (Phase steps) Controls according to the pre-defined programs (phases).
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Sequential Control Description Sequence table block: The conditions and operations are arranged in the decision table format and specifies which operation is performed by the combination of conditions. This table is suitable for describing the both types of sequence.
Logic chart block: The logic chart block aligns each condition and operation, and the combination of conditions is described with logic elements to specify the operation performed. This is suitable for describing the condition control type such as an interlock sequence.
SFC (Sequential Function Chart ) block: The SFC is a graphical programming language suitable for describing a process control sequence. It is standardized by the international standard, IEC SC65A/WG6. It is used for relatively large-scaled sequential controls and device controls. The SFC block defines the flow of an entire sequence. Each step in the SFC is described with sequence tables or SEBOL (Sequence and Batch Oriented Language).
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Types of Sequential Control Blocks
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 2 Types of Sequential Control Blocks
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Types of Sequential Control Blocks Sequence table blocks: The sequence table block realizes a sequential control by operating other function blocks and/or process I/O or software I/O.
Logic chart block: The logic chart block realizes an interlock sequence with the logic chart diagram using logic elements.
SFC blocks: The SFC block executes the sequential control program described with SFC.
Sequence table and logic chart are explained in this engineering course.
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Types of Sequential Control Blocks Sequence auxiliary blocks: The following types of blocks are provided. Timer block (TM) Soft-counter block (CTS) Pulse train counter block (CTP) Code input block (CI) Code output block (CO)
Relational expression block (RL) Resource scheduler block (RS) Valve monitoring block (VLVM)
The sequence auxiliary blocks are registered from the Select Function Block dialog. There are two folders; Sequence Elements 1 and Sequence Elements 2. See PART-E11, Auxiliary Blocks.
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Types of Sequential Control Blocks Switch instrument blocks*: The switch instrument block monitors and operates devices such as ON/OFF valves, motors or pumps, or final control elements for contact I/O. * The switch instrument blocks are explained in detail later.
Valve pattern monitor block (Optional): The valve pattern monitor is a function block which runs in an FCS (Field Control Station). One valve pattern monitor can simultaneously monitor a maximum of 512 valves. This valve pattern monitor is controlled by the user application represents an operation scripted in SEBOL statements.
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Sequence Connection
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 3 Sequence Connection
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Sequence Connection The sequence connection specifies various elements having data as the connection destinations for I/O terminals of a function block. The conditional expression to test data status for the input terminal, and the data to manipulate an element for the output terminal should be specified. The processing for reading data from the connection destination is referred to as [Condition testing], while the processing to output data to the connection destination is referred to as [Status manipulation]. Connection information formats are as follows: Element symbol name. Data item name. Condition specification Element symbol name. Data item name. Action specification Since the wiring between terminals can describe only an element symbol and a data item, the sequence connection is directly described on the sequence block without wiring.
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Sequence Table Blocks
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 4 Sequence Table Blocks
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Sequence Table Blocks The sequence table block provides two types of table in the form of a decision table. (1) ST16 (Basic): The ST16 block handles a total of 64 I/O (condition/action) signals and 32 rules. Number of I/O signals can be exchanged in the unit of 8. 32 rules Total 64 I/O points (fixed)
Input condition
Y
Output action
Y
N YN
Condition rules Action rules
YN
(2) ST16E (Extension): The ST16E is used for the rule extension. It is connected to the extending ST16. 32 rules Total 64 I/O points (fixed)
Input condition Output action
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Y
N YN
Y
Condition rules Action rules
YN
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M- and L- Size Sequence Tables Besides the sequence table blocks ST16 and ST16E, two larger size tables are provided. The tables of each size have basic and extension types. Middle size table: M-ST16, M-ST16E Large size table: L-ST16, L-ST16E (1) M-ST16, M-ST16E: The M-ST16 and M-ST16E blocks handle a total of 96 I/O (condition/action) signals and 32 rules. (2) L-ST16, L-ST16E: The L-ST16 and L-ST16E blocks handle a total of 128 I/O (condition/action) signals and 32 rules.
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Rule Extension (ST16E) The number of rules in a single sequence table is fixed at 32 and cannot be changed. However, if the number of rules in a sequence table is not enough to describe one phase unit, the number of rules can be extended by connecting to another sequence table.
Sequence table group
• Up to 100 steps can be described in a sequence table group. • The same step label cannot be described in more than one step label setting area. • The step executed over two sequence tables or more cannot be described. • The extended sequence table and the extending sequence table should be described in the same control drawing. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Rule Extension (ST16E) Rule extension sequence table block (ST16E): Since the ST16E is managed by the extending sequence table block ST16, the ST16E cannot be activated independently. The ST16E can only be connected to a step-type sequence table block. It cannot be connected to a non-step type sequence table. (Connection is unnecessary.)
Step 1 to 15
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Step 16 to 35
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Sequence Table Block
32 rules
Condition signals Total 32 (default)
Action signals Total 32 (default)
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Condition rules
Input connection information
Condition specification
Output connection information
Action specification
I/O signals Total 64 (fixed) Action rules
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Sequence Table Block
Processing timing
Scan period Step label
Condition signal comment
Action signal comment
Next step label Rule expansion destination tag name
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Example of Sequence Description An example of descriptions of the fundamental logic circuits, AND, OR and NOT. %SW0200 ON
Rule
%Z011101 ON
%SW0201 ON
Step C01 . . .
%SW0200.PV ON Y %SW0201.PV ON Y %SW0202.PV ON %SW0203.PV ON C32 (Condition signals)
AND logic circuit %SW0202 ON
A01 %Z011101.PV H . %Z011102.PV H . %SW0200.PV H . A32 (Action signals)
%Z011102 ON
%SW0203 ON
OR logic circuit %SW0200 OFF
01 02 03 . . . . . . . . . . 32 N Y Y
Y Y Y Y
THEN ELSE %SW0200 ON
NOT logic circuit TE33Q6C40-01E
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Execution and Output Timing Execution timing A sequence table block and a logic chart block have the following four types of execution timing: • Periodic execution (T): Repeatedly executed in a preset cycle.
• One-shot execution (O): Executed once when invoked by other function blocks.
• Initial execution/Restart execution (I): Executed when the FCS performs a cold or a restart.
• Initial execution (B): Executed when the FCS performs a restart.
Output timing A sequence table block has two types of output timing: • Output only when conditions change (C) • Output each time conditions are satisfied (E) TE33Q6C40-01E
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Output Timing • Output only when conditions change (C): The action is executed only once when the condition is switched from false to true. However, if the non-latched output is specified for the action signal, the action changes when the condition is switched from
true to false. • Output each time conditions are satisfied (E): The action is executed each control period as long as the condition remains true. Output only when conditions change (C)
Output each time conditions are satisfied (E)
ON Condition
ON OFF
Condition
OFF
Non-latched type (L type) Output
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Output
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Processing Timing Execution timing and output timing can be used in combination. The table below shows the combination of timings for ST16 and ST16E.
Default
For the LC64, logic chart block, output timing (C) can not be specified.
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Non-step Type Sequence Table Non-step type sequence table tests all rules at every control period. Rule
Basic operation 1:
01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Step
(1) As for condition testing, in the same rule number when all conditions (Y or N) are satisfied, the condition of the rule is true. (2) Rule columns for the same rule number are all blank are considered true unconditionally.
C01 . . .
%SW0200 %SW0201 %SW0202
C32
%SW0203 Condition signals
A01
%Z011101
. . .
%Z011102
A32
Y Y
%Z011103
N N
Y Y Y
Action signals THEN ELSE
%SW0200 and %SW0201 are ON and then %Z011101 turns ON. %SW0201 and %SW0202 are OFF and then %Z011102 turns ON. %Z011103 turns ON unconditionally. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Non-step Type Sequence Table Basic operation 2: When multiple action signals exist in a condition satisfied rule, the actions are executed from top to down.
Rule
01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Step C01
%SW0200 %SW0201 . %SW0202 . . %SW0203 C32 Condition signals
Y Y
A01 . . . A32
Y
%Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
Y N
Action signals THEN ELSE
Actions are executed in order of %Z011101, %Z011102, %Z011103.
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Non-step Type Sequence Table Basic operation 3:
Rule
01 . . . . . . . . . 32
Step
When the conditions of multiple rules are satisfied simultaneously with respect to a single operation, if requests for both Y and N are detected, Y has a priority and the operation for N is not executed.
C01
%SW0200 %SW0201 . %SW0202 . . %SW0203 C32 Condition signals
Y Y
A01 . . . A32
Y N N
%Z011101 %Z011102
Y
Y
Y
Y
%Z011102
Y N
Action signals THEN ELSE
When conditions in 3 rules are satisfied, Y is executed. (Y has a priority.) When conditions in 2 rules are satisfied, Y and then N is executed. ( Executed from top to down.)
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Example of Non-step Sequence
Always monitors not to overflow the buffer tank.
HH alarm logic flow.
- Closed - Open
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Example of Non-step Sequence Description of HH alarm logic flow in the previous example:
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Step Type Sequence Table Step type sequence table tests only rules in the current step at every control period. Rule
Basic operation 1: For the step type sequence table, the next execution step label must be described in the THEN/ ELSE column in order to advance the steps. The step will not advance if both next step labels in the THEN/ ELSE are blank. The same step is executed each time.
Step C01
%SW0200
. . .
%SW0201 %SW0202
C32
Condition signals
A01
%Z011101
. . .
%Z011102
05
08
Y Y Y Y
%SW0203
%Z011103
A32
04
Y Y Y
Action signals THEN
05
ELSE
08
Step label Tested rules
Next step label (THEN label) Next step label (ELSE label) TE33Q6C40-01E
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Step Type Sequence Table Basic operation 2:
Rule Step
The next step specified in the THEN column is the step to advance when the condition test result is true.
C01 . . .
When all actions for the corresponding rules are executed, the step proceeds to the next step.
A01 . . . A32
%SW0200 %SW0201 %SW0202 %SW0203 C32 Condition signals %Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
04
05
08
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Action signals THEN ELSE
05 08
When the condition of the rule in step 04 is satisfied, the step advances to 05.
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Step Type Sequence Table Basic operation 3: The next step specified in the ELSE column is the step to advance when the condition test result is false. When conditions for the corresponding rules are not satisfied, the step proceeds to the next step without executing the actions.
Rule Step C01 . . .
%SW0200 %SW0201 %SW0202 %SW0203 C32 Condition signals A01 . . . A32
%Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
04
05
08
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Action signals THEN ELSE
05 08
When the condition of the rule in step 04 is not satisfied, the step advances to 08.
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Step Type Sequence Table Rule
Basic operation 4:
Step
The same step label can be assigned to the multiple rules. In this case, according to the condition, branched actions can be performed. If there are multiple step transition requests in the same step (multiple conditions are satisfied), the step advances to the next step label that is described on the smallest rule number.
%SW0200 %SW0201 %SW0202 %SW0203 C32 Condition signals C01 . . . A01 . . . A32
%Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
02 03 04
01 Y Y Y Y Y Y
Action signals THEN
02 03 04
ELSE
If all multiple conditions are satisfied, the next step is “02”.
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Step Type Sequence Table Rule
Basic operation 5:
Step C01
When a step advances to a next step, the next step is executed at the next scan period. When a step has advanced, the conditions of each rule are initialized once.
02
01
%SW0200 %SW0201 . %SW0202 . . %SW0203 C32 Condition signals
Y Y
A01 . . . A32
Y
%Z011101 %Z011102
04
03
N N
%Z011103 Action signals THEN
02
03
04
ELSE
The step sequence executes only a single step at each scan period. In this case, it may take 2 seconds or more to turn %Z011103 OFF, after the step 01 was executed.
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Step Type Sequence Table Rule
Basic operation 6: Step label 00 is executed at each period. The step 00 can be described only at the head of a sequence table group. * 1. The step 00 cannot be described as a next step label. * 2. The step 00 cannot be described on an extended sequence table.
Step C01 . . .
00
%SW0200 %SW0201 %SW0202 %SW0203 C32 Condition signals
Y Y
A01 . . . A32
Y
%Z011101 %Z011102 %Z011103
01 02
04
03
Y Y
N N
Action signals THEN
02
03
04
ELSE
The step 00 as well as the current step 03, conditions are tested. If conditions of step 00 are satisfied, actions are executed. Current step.
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Example of Step Sequence Sequence specifications:
The start push button initiates charging and discharging processes.
1. The start push button turns ON, the valve A opens to fill water in the tank. When the tank is full, (the switch A turns ON) the valve A closes. 2. The start push button turns ON again when the tank is full, the valve B opens. When the discharging process ends, (the switch B becomes OFF) the valve B closes.
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Example of Step Sequence
Rule number 01 Charging process (step A1)
Rule number 02 Close
Rule number 03 Discharging process (step A2) Rule number 04
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Example of Step Sequence Description of the sequence with a sequence table.
B
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Condition and Action Signal Allocation The sequence table block (ST16) has 32 condition signals and 32 action signals (default). However, allocation of the number of signals can be changed in the 8-signal unit with the signal selection dialog in the function block detail definition builder. No. of condition signals 8
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No. of action signals 56
16
48
24
40
32 (default)
32 (default)
40
24
48
16
56
8
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Logic Chart Block
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 5 Logic Chart Block
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Logic Chart Block (LC64) A logic chart block is the function block that describes the relations of the input signals, the output signals and logic calculation operators in the interlock dialog form. An architecture of LC64 logic chart block shown below:
Q32
J32
A logic chart block LC64 has 32 inputs, 32 outputs and 64 logic elements.
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Logic Chart Example The figure below shows an example of the logic chart:
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Outline of Logic Chart • Condition/Action signals: The input/output information such as tag names, data items or other specific condition/action scripts should be entered.
• Comment: For the input signals or output signals, their service comments can be described up to 24 characters.
• Logic chart area: Logic calculation process can be expressed in logic chart diagram form.
• Order of logic calculation: For the execution of logic calculation, the matrix expansion or the manual expansion can be selected.
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Creating a Logic Chart Block • Logic chart edit window: From the selection dialog, select LC64 to display a logic chart edit window.
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Logic Chart Processing Flow The figure below shows a logic chart processing flow:
• Input processing: The condition test is performed on the input signal. • Logic calculation processing: The logic calculation is expressed by combinations of logic operators. • Output processing: The status manipulation sends commands such as data setting or status change to the contact output terminals or other function blocks.
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Logic Operation Elements
Logic operator
AND
Symbol
Action
Notes
Logic product (Max. inputs 21.)
Logic sum
OR
(Max. inputs 21)
NOT
Negation
SRS1-R Flip-flop (Reset dominant)
SRS2-R
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Logic Operation Elements Logic operator
Symbol
Action
Notes
SRS1-S Flip-flop (Set dominant)
SRS2-S
WOUT
OND
(W.O)
Wipeout
IN
t
ON-delay timer
OUT IN
OFFD
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t
OFF-delay timer
OUT
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Logic Operation Elements Logic operator
Symbol
Action IN
TON
Notes 1 scan
One-shot (Rise trigger)
OUT
IN 1 scan
TOFF
One-shot (Fall trigger)
OUT
CMP-GE
Comparator
CMP-GT
Comparator
CMP-EQ
Comparator
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Wipeout Operation A logic table and an equivalent circuit of the wipeout (WOUT) is shown below:
S OUT R
One wipeout operation is counted as two logic operation elements.
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Internal Timer Operation Operation diagram of the timer is shown below:
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Execution Order For the execution of logic calculation, the matrix expansion or manual expansion can be selected. • Matrix expansion: Logic operators are executed from the left column to the right, and from the upper element to the lower in the same column.
• Manual expansion: The execution order automatically assigned to the logic operation elements according to their position that can be manually changed.
The execution order can be specified on the logic chart edit window. The default setting is the matrix order.
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Processing Timing of Sequence
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 6 Processing Timing of Sequence
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Execution Timing A sequential control block and a logic chart block have the following four types of execution timing: • Periodic execution (T): Repeatedly executed in a preset cycle.
• One-shot execution (O): Executed once when invoked by other function blocks.
• Initial execution/Restart execution (I): Executed when the FCS performs a cold or a restart.
• Initial execution (B): Executed when the FCS performs a restart.
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Output Timing The output timing of a sequence table block indicates the conditions under which output processing is performed when the sequence table is executed periodically or as one-shot. • Output only when conditions change (C): The ST16, ST16E blocks output an operation signal only at the timing when the tested conditions are changed from unsatisfied to satisfied. This output timing can only be specified with the periodic execution (T) or the one-shot execution.
• Output each time conditions are satisfied (E): The ST16 ,ST16E blocks output an action signal every scan period as long as the tested conditions are satisfied. For the LC64, logic chart block, only “Output each time conditions are satisfied (E)” can be specified.
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Processing Timing Execution timing and output timing can be used in combination. The table below shows the combination of timings for ST16 and ST16E.
Default
For the LC64, logic chart block, output timing (C) can not be specified.
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Control Period and Control Phase • Control period: The execution interval at which the periodic execution type ST16 or ST16E block executes the sequence table. (Specify the value between 1 and 16 seconds)
• Control phase: The execution timing of the sequence table. It is the execution timing relative to the execution timing of the phase-zero sequence table. The control phase can be set on the sequence table, which control period is more than one second.
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Control Period and Control Phase The sequence table, which control period is 5 sec, and control phase is 3 sec. The table is executed at every 5 seconds interval, 3 seconds after the phase-zero table.
Executed every second.
Executed with 5 sec. control period and 3 sec. control phase. Base TE33Q6C40-01E
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Base
Base
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Switch Instrument Blocks
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 7 Switch Instrument Blocks
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Concept of Switch Instrument Related contact output and input modules are operated and monitored as a single instrument. The contact output is assigned as the MV of an instrument.
V1024
The contact input is assigned as the PV of an instrument.
AUT
OPEN
Manipulated output
OPEN
DO001
CLOSE
画面から直接DI でバルブの開閉 CLOSE を確認 Cutoff Valve 画面から直接 DOを操作して バルブを開閉す る
OPEN CLOSE
Monitoring input DI001
Magnet valve with limit switches TE33Q6C40-01E
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Structure of Switch Instrument Answerback bypass SW1
Answerback bypass function
Remote output value
BPSW=0
RMV
Mode change interlock INT
Answerback check function
CAL BPSW=0
BPSW=1
Answerback input function
CSV MAN
BPSW=1 PV
Sequence setpoint
Conformity check of PV and MV after answerback check suppression time.
Remote/Local input function
ROUT
CAS,AUT
MV
Output signal conversion function
RSW IN
Answerback (PV) TE33Q6C40-01E
TSI
Remote(0) / Local(1) 59
OUT
Output (MV)
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Concept of Switch Instrument The switch instrument block (SIO-22) manipulates a valve by its output (MV) and confirms the status of the valve by the limit switch input (PV).
TAG NO.
Instrument faceplate
AUT
OPEN
MV
PV
PV=0: OFF PV=2: ON
CLOSE
Sequence table xxxxxxxx
MAN
MV=0: OFF MV=2: ON Local operation board
AUT LOCAL
Answerback check function
Functions of switch instrument
Limit switch Open
Close
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Answerback Check and Types Answerback check function: The answerback check function checks if final control elements such as a valve is working as specified by the output from the switch instrument block. If there is any inconsistency between the answerback input value (PV) and the manipulated output value (MV), the answerback error alarm (ANS+ or ANS-) occurs. As it takes a certain length of time from changing the manipulated output value to completing the final control element operation, answerback check suppression time (MTM) can be specified. Switch instrument types: The following 10 types of blocks are provided.
SI - 1 SIO – 11 SIO – 12P
SI - 2 SIO – 12 SIO – 22P
Block symbols:
SO - 1 SIO – 21
SO - 2 SIO - 22
SIO – 22P
Switch instrument Input Output No. of input No. of output Pulse I/O TE33Q6C40-01E
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Creation of Switch Instrument An example of the selection dialog and the definition window of the switch instrument. The detail specification definition window of the switch instrument has the switch position label definition. The position label can be selected for the process I/O instrument types.
See PART-ENG “Switch Position Label.” TE33Q6C40-01E
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Timer Block
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 8 Timer Block
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Timer Block (TM) The timer block (TM) measures time in the unit of second or minute. In addition to the basic elapsed time measuring function, it has the preset timer function, which notifies time-up when a specified time elapsed. It has the function of periodic action too. An example of the timer block operation. Counting process
PV (CTUP)
Function block diagram
Processing Timing: TC
OUT
Timer start switch
ON
TM100.BSTS
CTUP
TM100.OP
START
Y
%SW0500.PV
H
N
Y
Timer count-up Timer start/stop
BSTS: Block status CTUP: Count-up
Y
%SW0500.PV
Start switch off
N
OP: Operation START: Start/stop action Start command TE33Q6C40-01E
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Stop command
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Action of Timer Block When the timer block receives an action command, the block status changes according to the command. When a start command is given, the block resets the elapsed time (PV), and starts counting. Preset value (The time up to time-up.) Pre-alarm value Deviation (PH-PV) Counted time
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Timer Restart Action When the timer block in pause status receives the restart command, the counting action is restarted. (Elapsed time is not reset.)
NR
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Condition and Action Signals The following describes examples of the timer condition and action signals can be specified in the sequence table:
Tag name.Data item
Data
Condition rule
TM0002.BSTS
(Block status)
Y/N
Tag name.Data item
Data
Timer Start Action
TM0002.OP
START
Timer Stop Action
TM0002.OP
STOP
Timer Pause Action
TM0002.OP
WAIT
Timer Restart Action
TM0002.OP
RSTR
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Action rule Y (N for stop) Y Y (N for restart) Y
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Software Counter Block
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 9 Software Counter Block
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Software Counter Block (CTS) In addition to the basic counting function, the software counter block (CTS) has the preset counter function, which notifies the count-up when the block counted the specified value. An example of the soft-counter block operation. Counting process
Processing Timing: TE
PV
Stop switch
%SW0501.PV ON
Update switch
%SW0502.PV ON
Counter count-up
CT100.BSTS
CTUP
CT100.ACT
ON
CT100.ACT
OFF
Y
%SW0501.PV
H
N
%SW0502.PV
H
Y Y Y
Function block diagram Counter update BSTS: Block status CTUP: Count-up
Counter stop
ACT: Action ON: Update, OFF: Stop
Stop command
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Y
N
Update command
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Action of Software Counter Block The software counter block (CTS) updates the count value (PV) upon receiving the operation command and changes the block status. When the operation command is received, if the block status is STOP, the count value is reset (PV=1). Preset value (Count-up value)
Pre-alarm value Counted value
NR
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Condition and Action Signals The following describes examples of the soft-counter condition and action signals can be specified in the sequence table:
Tag name.Data item
Data
Condition rule
CTS001.BSTS
(Block status)
Y/N
Tag name.Data item
Data
Action rule
Soft-counter Update Action
CTS001.ACT
ON
Y
Soft-counter Stop Action
CTS001.ACT
OFF
Y
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Relational Expression Block
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 10 Relational Expression Block
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Relational Expression Block (RL) The relational expression block (RL) is executed during the condition testing for a sequence control block such as a sequence table, or for a calculation block. It tests the numerical relationship or the logical product of two data, according to the relational expression in the block, and returns the result whether it matches for the conditions to the calling function block. RV01 RV02
RV31 RV32
Flow A Flow B
Flow C 2.50
Flow
(X01)
Flow A Flow B
(X16)
Flow A (RV01) > Flow B (RV02) Flow A (RV01) < Flow B (RV02) TE33Q6C40-01E
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Relational Expression Block (RL) There exists two types of the relational expressions: The numerical comparison operation between two data and the logical product operation of two data. • Numerical comparison (CMP): Performs the numerical comparison of two data. It tests if the relationship matches for the relational expression and returns a logical value. e.g. FIC101.PV > FIC102.PV
• Logical product (AND): Computes logical products of two data by bit. It returns true if at least one bit satisfies the relational expression. e.g. %CI0100.PV & %CI0101.PV
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Relational Expression Block (RL) The definition of the relational expression block and the description on sequence tables: The figure below shows an example of the relational expression definition. RV01 RV03 RV02 RV04 X 01 X 02
Selection of the operator.
The defined relational expressions are described on the sequence table as follows: RL0100 is a user tag of the relational expression block (RL). [Data Expression (Numerical)] GT: Greater than GE: Greater than and equal LT: Less than LE: Less than and equal EQ: Equal
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Tag, Data item RL0100.X01
GE
RL0100.X01
LT
TM100.OP
75
Data Y Y
START Y N
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Auxiliary Blocks
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-E 11 Auxiliary Blocks
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Creation of Sequence Auxiliary The sequence auxiliary blocks are registered from the Select Function Block dialog. There are two folders; Sequence Elements 1 and Sequence Elements 2. Sequence Elements 1: TM (Timer), CTS (Soft-counter), CTP (Pulse counter), CI (Code input), CO (Code output) Sequence Elements 2: RL (Relational expression), RS (Resource scheduler), VLVM (Valve monitor)
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Sequence Auxiliary Blocks Besides the timer (TIM), soft counter (CTS) and relational expression (RL) blocks, the following sequence auxiliary blocks are provided: Pulse train counter (CTP): This block counts the number of pulse input signals. It also has the preset counter function. Code input (CI): This block converts the digital input signal into code value (PV). Either “no-conversion “ or “BCD-conversion” is selectable. Code output (CO): This block converts the integer value, which is set as the setting code value (PV). Either “no-conversion “ or “BCD-conversion” is selectable. Resource scheduler (RS): This block is used to manage the utilization of limited plant resources. Valve monitor (VLVM): This block handles 16 sets of input signals independently, performing valve operation monitoring and message output for each input signal. See IM33S01B30-01E PART-D D3-7 to D3-12. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Code Input Block (CI) The CI block is a function block that converts the digital input signal into code value (PV). The conversion of digital input signals to input code values (PV) includes “No-conversion” in which the signal pattern is interpreted as a binary number, and “BCD conversion” in which it is interpreted as a BCD (binary coded decimal) code. The Code Input Block (CI) inputs the contact signals that continue for the number of input signal points from the element of the input destination specified in the IN terminal. The first element corresponds to the most significant digit. The input signal points are set by the Function Block Detail Builder. • Number of bits input: 0 to 18 points Up to 16 points in the case of “no conversion” Default is 0. The following describes an example of specifying the code input block one-shot execution in the action signal column of the sequence table.
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Code Input Block (CI) The figure below shows examples of encoding when “no conversion” and “BCD conversion” are specified.
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Code Output Block (CO) The Code Output Block (CO) is a function block that converts the integer value which is set as the setting code value (PV). Converting of the setting code value (PV) has “no conversion,” which outputs the integer value in binary, and “BCD conversion,” which outputs after converting into binary coded decimal (BCD) options. The output signal points of the Code Output Block (CO) are set by the Function Block Detail Builder. • Number of bits output: 0 to 18 points Up to 16 points in the case of “no conversion.” Default is 0. The following describes an example of specifying the code output block one-shot execution in the action signal column of the sequence table.
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Code Output Block (CO) The figure below shows examples of encoding when “no conversion” and “BCD conversion” are specified.
When six points from %SW0100 are specified for CI001, %SW0100 to %SW0105 will be subject to the code output. If the bit inversion is specified as “Non-reversed” and code output is performed with the settings of CO0001 and PV=21, the ON/OFF statuses of the %SW0100 to %SW0105 are as shown in the figure above.
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Valve Monitor Block (VLVM) The Valve Monitor Block (VLVM) is used to monitor whether the final control element (valve) is operating properly. Action verification timers provide the grace time for the operation lag of the final control elements. The representative abnormal state (PVR) is determined by the logical OR of individual valve abnormal statuses (PV01 to PV16).
An example of connection of the valve monitoring block. TE33Q6C40-01E
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PART-E-Lab
Engineering Course Laboratory Exercise
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Cascade Loop Creation
IN Furnace
Input module terminal number
P’ry controller TIC100 PID OUT
%Z011103
Product
SET OUT
S’ry controller FIC100 IN PID
%Z011105 Output module terminal number
%Z011104 Input module terminal number
Fuel
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Ratio Control Loop Creation RATIO (SV) IN
FIR200 RATIO
OUT
Measuring range (PV) : 0.0 – 10.0 M3/M Ratio set range (SV) : 0.00 – 0.50 Ratio gain (KR): The value to be calculated.
%Z011108
F1 IN
SET FIC200
OUT
PID
%Z011109
%Z011110
F2 Measuring range (PV): 0.0 – 100.0 M3/H
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Ratio Set Block (RATIO)
CALCn=KR • SVe • PVn+BIAS CALCn: Current calculated output value PVn: Current process variable SVe: Effective ratio setpoint value KR: Ratio gain BIAS: Bias value TE33Q6C40-01E
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Cascade Signal Distribution TIC301
Measuring range (PV) : 0.0 – 10.0 DEGC IN
OUT
PID SET SV range (SV): 0.0 – 100.0 % FOUT300
%Z011106
FOUT
MV range (MV1): 0.0 – 200.0 DEGC J01
IN
SET TIC302
OUT
J02 MV range (MV2): 0.0 – 400.0 DEGC
IN
PID
%Z011111
TIC303
OUT
PID
%Z011112
Measuring range (PV): 0.0 – 200.0 DEGC
TE33Q6C40-01E
SET
5
%Z011113
%Z011114
Measuring range (PV): 0.0 – 400.0 DEGC
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Cascade Signal Distributor Block (FOUT)
Range Conversion Output Distribution
MSHn and MSLn automatically agree with the scale high limit and low limit of the output destination via the output range tracking function. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Sequence Table Creation ON Start switch SW445
OFF
OFF
3s
Count up (CTUP)
Timer TM001 Reset start ON Switch SW446
OFF
OFF
ON Switch SW447
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OFF
OFF
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Sequence Table Creation (2) Start switch SW450 5s SW451
Repeat 3 times (Counter)
Timer setting
SW452 SW453 SW454 SW455 SW456 Operator guide %OG0001
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Sequence Table Creation (3) Modification of the sequence table ST001. [ST001-PB]
Detection table
Processing timing: TE
One shot action [ST001]
Execution table
Processing timing: TC
Detection table action description
xx: Specify the step label using 2 or less alphanumeric characters.
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Sequence Table Creation (3) Start detection
[ST001-PB] Start instruction detection
SW445.PV.O N N
Start switch ON Y ST001.MODE.AUT Sequence running
Y
N
ST001.SA.A1 : Y Condition of the A1 (Start) step in ST001 is unconditionally satisfied. Start operation is executed.
TE33Q6C40-01E
Start switch : OFF SW445.PV.H : N
Start switch : OFF SW445.PV.H : N
Execution table starting step (A1) starts ST001.SA.A1 : Y
Output op. guide “Operation miss!” %OG0002.PV.NON : Y
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Sequence Table Creation (3) Stop detection
[ST001-PB] Stop instruction detection
SW444.PV.O N N
Stop switch ON Y ST001.MODE.AUT Sequence running
N
Y
ST001.SA.SP : Y Condition of the SP (Stop) step in ST001 is unconditionally satisfied. Stop operation is executed.
TE33Q6C40-01E
Stop switch : OFF SW444.PV.H : N
Stop switch : OFF SW444.PV.H : N
Execution table stop step (SP) starts ST001.SA.SP : Y
Output op. guide “Operation miss!” %OG0002.PV.NON : Y
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Calculation Function Creation IN
TI003 CALCU-C
Q01 Q02
Q03 Level indicator
Reactor PV
LI003 PVI
PV
PV
PV
TI003H PVI
TI003M PVI
TI003L PVI
IN High level temperature indicator
IN 70%
IN
IN
Medium level temperature indicator
40%
Low level temperature indicator
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Calculation Program Comment
output
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Logic Chart Creation (1) Comments
Input Elements Input1
Output Elements Output1
Logic Elements
SW301.PV.ON
1 SW305.PV.L AND
SW302.PV.ON
SW303.PV.ON
OR
S2
OND
Ｒ
2
SRS2-R AND
SW304.PV.L OND
SW304.PV.ON SW305.PV.ON
Comments
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Logic Chart Creation (2-1)
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Logic Chart Creation (2-2)
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Logic Chart Creation (2-3)
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Graphic Exercise Station Number
Window name
Tag name
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HIS0124 (Left hand side, Odd No.PC)
HIS0123 (Right hand side, Even No. PC)
TRAINOV-A
TRAINOV-B
TRAINCG-A
TRAINCG-B
TRAINGR-A
TRAINGR-B
TRAINORGR-A
TRAINORGR-B
FBS101-A
FBS101-B
LAG109-A
LAG109-B
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Graphic Exercise
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Graphic Exercise
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Arithmetic Calculation and Logic Operation
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-F Arithmetic Calculation and Logic Operation
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Arithmetic Calculation and Logic Operation
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-F Arithmetic Calculation and Logic Operation F1. F2. F3. F4.
Arithmetic Calculation, Logic Operation Positioning Structure of Calculation Blocks Types of Calculation Blocks General Purpose Calculation Block
Reference: IM33S01B30-01E PART-D Function Block Details, D2 Arithmetic Calculation, Logic Operation TE33Q6C40-01E
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Arithmetic Calculation, Logic Operation Positioning
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-F 1 Arithmetic Calculation, Logic Operation Positioning
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Calculation Block Positioning The arithmetic calculation and logic operation function blocks perform general-purpose calculation processing, such as numerical calculation, analog calculation and logical calculation for the input signals to the block. FCS Basic control
Software I/O
I/O interfaces
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Structure of Calculation Blocks
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-F 2 Structure of Calculation Blocks
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Structure of Calculation Block The calculation blocks receive analog signals (and status signals) as input values, and perform calculations according to the set parameters. Receives a signal from the Input terminal and outputs a calculated input (RV).
IN
Q01
Q07
Input processing
P01
RV
RV1
CPV
Calculation processing
RＶ 7
Reads the calculated inputs (RV to RV7) and performs calculation to output the calculated outputs (CPV to CPV3). TE33Q6C40-01E
P08
CPV1
CPV3
Output processing
OUT
J01
Reads the calculated output (CPV) and outputs a Jn calculation result to the destination of the output terminal as an output.
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Types of Calculation Blocks
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-F 3 Types of Calculation Blocks
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Types of Calculation Blocks According to the data type and calculation capability, the calculation function blocks are classified into arithmetic calculation blocks, analog calculation blocks, general-purpose calculation blocks and calculation auxiliary blocks. Arithmetic calculation blocks ADD, MUL, DIV, AVE Analog calculation blocks SQRT, LAG, DLAY, LDLAG, AVE-M Logic operation blocks (CS3000 only) AND, OR, NOT, EQ Calculation auxiliary blocks SW-33, SW-91, DSET, ADL General-purpose calculation blocks CALCU: General-purpose calculation block CALCU-C: General purpose calculation block with string I/O See IM33S01B30-01E PART-D Function Block Details, D2 Arithmetic Calculation, Logic Operation. See also Supplements VIII. Calculation Function Blocks. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Types of Calculation Blocks An arithmetic block, typical analog calculation blocks and a calculation auxiliary block are shown below: Addition block (ADD)
First-order Lag block (LAG)
Lead / Lag block (LDLAG)
Integration (INTEG)
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Types of Calculation Blocks Moving average block (AVE-M)
Dead time block (DED)
Three-pole three-position selector switch block (SW-33)
Temperature and pressure correction block (TPCFL)
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Creation of Calculation Block General-purpose calculation block selection window Calculation program description window
The user defined calculation program must be created.
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Calculation Block Application Example IN PV FIC101
FI100
Q01
ADD Totalized raw material flow meter
PV
PID
FIC102
IN
PID Moving average
IN
FAVE101 AVE-M IN
Moving average
FAVE102
Raw material line 1
AVE-M IN
Raw material line 2
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General Purpose Calculation Block
CS1000/3000 Engineering Course Textbook PART-F 4 General Purpose Calculation Block
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General Purpose Calculation Block The general purpose calculation block is the function block that is used to define arbitral calculation algorithm. P01
IN
Input processing
P08
RV
Q01
RV1
Q07
RV7
Calculation parameters: For CALCU-C block, P05 to P08 are the character string data.
CPV User defined calculation processing
Output processing
OUT
CPV1
J01
CPV3
J03
For CALCU-C block, RV4 toSUB RV7 and CPV2 to CPV3 are the character string data. TE33Q6C40-01E
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General Purpose Calculation Block The general purpose arithmetic expressions are used in order to define the calculation algorithm of the general-purpose calculation blocks, CALCU and CALCU-C. • Data items of an arbitrary function block can be referred to or set through the I/O terminal of the general-purpose calculation block. • Arithmetic expressions which handle character strings such as messages and block modes can be described. • Processing such as conditional jumps can be described by using control statements. • Built-in functions which execute calculations for the temperature correction or pressure correction and so on can be used.
See Supplement VIII. Calculation Function Blocks.
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Arithmetic Expression Structure An example of the structure of general-purpose arithmetic expressions is shown below: Program * Beginning of arithmetic expressions.
Comment
Integer I001, I002, I003 Float F001, F002
Declaration statements
! Data set TIC100.VN=FIC100.CPV*F001 {SW100.SV.3}={TIC100.MODE.AUT} ! Operation control TIC100.SV=25.0 ! Data set
* End of arithmetic expressions.
Comment
End
Executable statements Max. 20 lines
Max. 250 lines
Allowable number of lines of executable statements is about 20 lines for the statement like A=A1+A2+A3+A4. See Supplement VIII. 2. General Purpose Arithmetic Expressions. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Arithmetic Expression Example An example of general-purpose expression: Program * Beginning of arithmetic expressions. Integer I001, I002, I003 Float F001, F002
Local variables
I/O variables
TIC100.VN = FIC100.CPV*F001 TIC100.SV = 25.0 Constant
! Data setting
Operator
* End of arithmetic expressions. End Identifiers: Character strings that represent variables and labels. Constants: Character strings that represent values themselves. A variable: Data that has a name and a data type. There are two types: Local variables and I/O variables. An operator: Anything that designates an action to be performed.
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Control Statements The control statement is a statement for controlling the execution order of arithmetic expressions. There are four kinds as shown below:
• if statement: Condition testing • switch statement: Multiple-branch processing • goto statement: Unconditional jump • exit statement: Jumps to the “end” statement unconditionally.
e.g. if ( A > B ) then C = D + E
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Program Example A program that calculates tank temperature according to the liquid level of the tank is shown below:
*
output
* #define: The compiler control instruction for character string substitution. TE33Q6C40-01E
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Sequence Connection Arithmetic expressions can describe a sequential control same as a sequence table. An example of sequence connection expression:
Program {SW100.SV.3} = {TIC100.MODE.AUT} End
TIC100.MODE. AUT
Y
SW100.SV.
Y
3
Description with ST-16.
I/O variables are sandwiched with ‘{‘ and ‘}’. * For easier maintenance, it is recommended that the arithmetic expression blocks should be used for calculations and substitutions of data, and the sequence table blocks should be used for operation controls.
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PART-F Lab. Exercise
Fundamental Course Laboratory Exercise
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Laboratory Exercise Odd No. PC (HIS0124)
Even No. PC (HIS0123)
Reactor A Tag name
******-A TIC102-A
******-B TIC102-B
Overview window
REACTORS REACT-A-OV
REACTORS REACT-B-OV
Control window
REACT-A-CG REACT-A-CG2
REACT-B-CG REACT-B-CG2
Graphic window
REACT-A-GR
REACT-B-GR
Trend window
TG0101 TG0501
TG0111 TG0511
Function key Call REACT-A/B-GR Call REACT-A/B-OV Call REACT-A/B-CG Call REACT-A/B-CG2 Call TG0101/0111 Call TG0501/0511 Call sequence table
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
e.g.
TCPJT is installed only in HIS0124.
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Reactor B
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Laboratory Exercise
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Laboratory Exercise
Window call menu
Operation menu
Toolbox
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