Year 7 Forces and Their Effects - The Solar System and Beyond

Medway LEA Advisory Service

Forces and their effects/the solar system and beyond 7K & 7L 21 min 22 marks Q1-L3, Q2-L4, Q3-L4, Q4-L5, Q5-L5, Q6-L6 1.

(a)

Nicola Nicola is is trying trying out out her her new new roller roller blad blades. es. Robert Robert is is pulling pulling her her along along with with a rope rope.. Arrows A, B, C and D show the directions of four forces acting acting on Nicola.

(i) (i)

Whic Which h arr arrow ow show shows s the the direc directi tion on of the forc force e of of gravity on Nicola !i"e the letter. l etter. ............... # $ar%


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(ii)

Which arrow shows the direction of the force of the rope on Nicola !i"e the letter. .............. # $ar%

(b)

Robert pulls Nicola at a steady speed of & $etres per second. 'ow far will Nicola tra"el in # seconds ............... $etres # $ar%

(c)

Nicola lets go of the rope and she slows down. !ra"ity still acts on Nicola. !i"e the na$e of one other force still acting on Nicola after she lets go of the rope. ........................................................... # $ar% $ai$u$ * $ar%s


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2.

+o$e children watched an eclipse of the +un. During the eclipse, the oon passed between the +un and the -arth. t bloc%ed out sunlight.

(a)

A$ri% watched the eclipse. 'e %new that the +un is $uch bigger than the oon but they loo%ed about the sa$e si/e. Why did they loo% the sa$e si/e 0ic% the correct bo. 0he oon is nearer to the -arth than the +un is. 0he +un is nearer to the -arth than the oon is. 0he +un goes round the -arth faster than the oon does. 0he oon goes round the +un faster than the -arth does. # $ar%


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(b)

A$ri%1s class $easured the light le"el during the eclipse. 0he graph below shows their results.

#(( 5( 6( 2 lig h t le " e l *( &( ( # ( .3 (

# ( .* (

# ( .4 (

# # .( (

# # .# (

# # .& (

# # .3 (

# # .* (

# # .4 (

t i$ e o f d a y (i)

At what ti$e did the oon bloc% out $ost of the +un1s light 7se the graph to help you. .................................... a$ # $ar%

(ii)

What happened to the air te$perature during the eclipse .............................................................................................................. !i"e the reason for your answer. .............................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................. # $ar% ai$u$ 3 $ar%s


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3.

8isa drew a picture of herself standing at four different positions on the -arth,

A

B

D

C not to scale

(a)

(i)

Draw an arrow at each of the four positions to show the direction of the force of gra"ity on 8isa. # $ar%

(ii)

0he drawing at position A shows 8isa holding a ball on a string. Draw the ball and string in positions B, C and D. # $ar%

(b)

0he drawing below shows9  

that the -arth goes round the +un: that the -arth rotates on its ais.

- a r th +un

a ) is o f t h e - a r t h

o r b i t o f t h e - a r th


n o t to s c a le

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Choose fro$ the list below to answer parts (i) and (ii). 60 seconds 60 minutes 24 hours 7 days 28 days 365 days (i)

'ow long does it ta%e for the -arth to go round the +un once ................................................................... # $ar%

(ii)

'ow long does it ta%e for the -arth to rotate on its ais once ................................................................... # $ar% ai$u$ * $ar%s

4.

Ruth is in"estigating how $uch a piece of wood can bend. +he hangs so$e $asses on the end of the piece of wood and $easures how far the wood has bent.

bench

c la $ p

p ie c e o f w o o d r u le r to $ e a s u r e h o w $ u c h th e p ie c e o f w o o d has bent

$ a s se s

(a)

!i"e the na$e of the force which pulls the $asses downwards. .................................................................... # $ar%


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(b)

0he graph below shows Ruth;s results.

18 16 14 d i s a n c e  ! e " i e c e o # w o o d ! as $ e n  i n m m

12 10 8 6 4 2 0

0

100

200

300

400

500

m a s s in %

(i)

Co$plete the graph by drawing a straight line of best fit. # $ar%

(ii)

A $ass of 34 g is hung on the piece of wood. 'ow $uch does the wood bend ......................<.. $$ # $ar% ai$u$ 3 $ar%s

5.

Na/ia is in"estigating how easily a bloc% of wood slides along a wooden bench. 0he diagra$ shows her eperi$ent.

w e ig h t o n to p o f th e b lo c % pulley

b lo c % o f w o o d f r ic t io n

string

bench

slotted $ a ss e s


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(a)

Na/ia does the eperi$ent with different weights on top of the bloc%. +he counts how $any slotted $asses she needs to hang fro$ the string to $a%e the bloc% of wood slide. 'er results are shown in the table.

(i)

weight on top of the boc! in "

number of sotted masses needed



4

#

=

&

>

3

#

*

#3

Describe how the nu$ber of slotted $asses needed to $o"e the bloc% "aries with the weight on top of the bloc%. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. # $ar%

(ii)

Na/ia does the eperi$ent with a weight of 3.4 N on top of the bloc% of wood. 'ow $any slotted $asses would she need to $a%e the bloc% slide ...................... # $ar%

(b)

Na/ia does her eperi$ent again. 0his ti$e she slides the bloc% of wood o"er a sheet of glass instead of the bench top. (i)

+uggest how her results would be different this ti$e. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. # $ar%

(ii)

7sing the sa$e sheet of glass and bloc% of wood, and %eeping the sa$e weight on top, suggest one way Na/ia could reduce the force of friction. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. # $ar% ai$u$ * $ar%s


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6.

7ntil #=5# scientists thought there were only si planets in the solar syste$. 0hen a scientist called 'erschel loo%ed through a "ery large telescope that could turn to follow ob?ects in space. 'e watched a bright ob?ect in the night s%y for a few $onths and $ade drawings of what he saw. 'e concluded it was a planet.

(a)

What $ethod did 'erschel use to disco"er the new planet 0ic% the correct bo. 'e carried out practical tests in the laboratory.

'e as%ed scientists; opinions.

'e obser"ed the en"iron$ent.

'e gathered data fro$ boo%s. # $ar%

(b)

+cientists today use satellites as well as telescopes to obser"e the uni"erse. +uggest one way that de"elop$ents in e@uip$ent ha"e changed the infor$ation scientists collect about planets. ..................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... # $ar%


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(c)

Before #=5#, scientists belie"ed there were 6 planets in our solar syste$. Now scientists belie"e there are # planets. What do these ideas suggest about our %nowledge of our solar syste$ ..................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... # $ar%

(d)

What causes scientists to re?ect an idea and replace it with a new one ..................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... # $ar% $ai$u$ * $ar%s


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Year 7 Forces and Their Effects - The Solar System and Beyond

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