Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio User Manual_Linux

User Manual Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Revision A: October 2015 Ethernet Firmware: 5.2.8 and above Models: Xeta9-EL, Xeta9x9-EL, Xeta9x-EL (Emancipator+), Xeta9-E-CFE

User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Revision History Rev A

Date 2015-10-30

Description Approved for Use

Prepared GLB

Checked TS, MB, RC, AR

Quick Start Information DC Power should be 10 – 30VDC The default IP address of all XetaWave Radios is 192.168.0.3 Click Here to jump to the Quick Start Guide.

Navigating this Document This Manual has been written with extensive use of Hyperlinks to assist when navigating electronically with a PDF Reader such as Adobe Reader. We also know some of you work remotely and may wish to view the manual on a smartphone or tablet, so we’ve added these download links for the Mobile Version of Adobe Reader since some PDF Apps don’t recognize internal hyperlinks used for document navigation.

Feedback? Email: [email protected]

Information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. This document contains information that is confidential and proprietary to XetaWave LLC. This document or its contents may not be disclosed to third parties without the express written approval of XetaWave LLC. Unauthorized use, disclosure or copying is strictly prohibited. 1 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30

Proprietary and Confidential

XetaWave Support Website Tel: +1 720-608-4509 [email protected]

User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio

Table of Contents Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................... 7 Warranty .................................................................................................................................. 9 FCC & IC Notifications ............................................................................................................ 10 UL Notifications...................................................................................................................... 15 Product Features Overview ................................................................................................... 16 MultiSpeed MultiPoint™ (MSMP) ...................................................................................... 16 Multi-Master Sync (MMS).................................................................................................. 16 Routing ............................................................................................................................... 18 SNMP ................................................................................................................................. 18 Enclosed (Xeta9-EL, Xeta9x9-EL, Xeta9-E-CFE) .................................................................. 19 Board Level Emancipator+ (Xeta9x-EL) .............................................................................. 20 Interface Cabling .................................................................................................................... 21 DC Power ........................................................................................................................... 21 TIA/EIA 568 Wiring Standard ............................................................................................. 21 RJ45 Serial Port Pin Assignments ....................................................................................... 22 Connections for RS232 ................................................................................................... 22 Connections for 4-Wire RS-422 / RS-485 ....................................................................... 23 Connections for 2-Wire RS 485 ...................................................................................... 23 IO Connections: Xeta9-EL; Xeta9x9-EL............................................................................... 23 Status LEDs ............................................................................................................................. 24 Enclosed Radios: Xeta9-EL; Xeta9x9-EL ............................................................................. 24 Board Level Radio Xeta9x-EL (Emancipator+).................................................................... 25 Using the Status LED’s for Diagnostics............................................................................... 25 User Interface Overview ........................................................................................................ 26 Default IP ........................................................................................................................... 26 Accessing the User Interface ............................................................................................. 26 Main Menu ........................................................................................................................ 27 Network/VLANs ................................................................................................................. 28 Network/Interface Settings ............................................................................................... 29 2 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Network/Static Routes....................................................................................................... 32 Static Routing Example .................................................................................................. 33 Radio/RF Modules.............................................................................................................. 34 Toggle Power to a RF Module ........................................................................................ 34 Disable Power to a RF Module ....................................................................................... 34 Radio/Band Settings .......................................................................................................... 35 Radio/RF Settings ............................................................................................................... 36 MAS Band (928-960 MHz).............................................................................................. 36 Access Point & End Point Transmit Frequencies ....................................................... 36 Transmit Power .......................................................................................................... 36 Channel Sizes ............................................................................................................. 37 Transmit Rates ........................................................................................................... 37 ISM Band (902-928 MHz) ............................................................................................... 38 ISM Channel Sizes ...................................................................................................... 39 Hop Tables ................................................................................................................. 39 Transmit Power .......................................................................................................... 46 Hop Pattern................................................................................................................ 46 Transmit Rates ........................................................................................................... 47 RSSI................................................................................................................................. 48 Sensitivity & Minimum SNR per Modulation ................................................................. 49 Radio/Network Settings ..................................................................................................... 50 Description ..................................................................................................................... 50 Network Type................................................................................................................. 50 Point to Point (PTP) .................................................................................................... 50 Point to Multi-Point (PTMP) ...................................................................................... 51 CSMA Peer to Peer ..................................................................................................... 51 Network Role ................................................................................................................. 52 Enable Repeaters ........................................................................................................... 52 Network Address ........................................................................................................... 52 Device ID ........................................................................................................................ 52 Link-with Device ID ........................................................................................................ 52 Network Radius .............................................................................................................. 53 3 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Beacon Rate ................................................................................................................... 53 AP Repeat....................................................................................................................... 54 Broadcast ................................................................................................................... 54 Addressed .................................................................................................................. 54 Multi-Master Sync (MMS).............................................................................................. 55 Access Point Specific Settings .................................................................................... 56 End Point Specific Settings ......................................................................................... 58 Xeta9x9-EL Specific Settings ...................................................................................... 58 MMS Hop Offset ........................................................................................................ 58 Max Payload Bytes ......................................................................................................... 59 Dynamic Payload........................................................................................................ 62 Transmit Prob ................................................................................................................ 63 Diag Threshold ............................................................................................................... 63 Serial/Local Serial Settings ................................................................................................. 64 Serial/Serial Services .......................................................................................................... 65 TCP Terminal Server ....................................................................................................... 66 TCP Terminal Client ........................................................................................................ 67 UDP Terminal ................................................................................................................. 68 Diagnostics/Neighbor List .................................................................................................. 69 Diagnostics/RF Diagnostics ................................................................................................ 70 Diagnostics/RF Ping............................................................................................................ 72 Diagnostics/RF Throughput ............................................................................................... 73 Diagnostics/Network Statistics .......................................................................................... 74 LAN ................................................................................................................................. 74 Wireless ......................................................................................................................... 75 Diagnostics/Forwarding Table ........................................................................................... 76 Diagnostics/Route Table .................................................................................................... 77 Diagnostics/ARP Table ....................................................................................................... 78 Diagnostics/Serial Statistics ............................................................................................... 79 Diagnostics/Channel Utilization ......................................................................................... 80 Management/Administration ............................................................................................ 81 Management/Files ............................................................................................................. 83 4 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Management/SNMP .......................................................................................................... 85 Security/AES....................................................................................................................... 86 Quick Start Guide ................................................................................................................... 87 Configuring the Radio ........................................................................................................ 87 Obtaining an Unknown IP Address ................................................................................ 88 Accessing the User Interface ............................................................................................. 91 Network ............................................................................................................................. 92 VLANs ............................................................................................................................. 92 Interface Settings ........................................................................................................... 92 Access Point ............................................................................................................... 92 End Point .................................................................................................................... 92 Static Routes ...................................................................................................................... 92 Radio Menu........................................................................................................................ 93 Band Settings ................................................................................................................. 93 RF Settings...................................................................................................................... 93 Network Settings ........................................................................................................... 94 Access Point ............................................................................................................... 94 End Point .................................................................................................................... 94 Adjusting Radio Settings .................................................................................................... 95 Best Settings For ................................................................................................................ 96 Speed and Throughput .................................................................................................. 96 Reliable Modulation with High Sensitivity and Speed ................................................... 96 High Sensitivity with High Noise Immunity .................................................................... 96 How to… ................................................................................................................................. 97 How to set up an ISM PTMP Network ............................................................................... 97 Identical Radio Settings ................................................................................................. 98 Radio/Band Settings................................................................................................... 98 Radio/RF Settings ....................................................................................................... 98 Radio/Network Settings ............................................................................................. 98 Unique Radio Settings .................................................................................................... 98 Radio/Network Settings ............................................................................................. 98 How to set up a PTP Link ................................................................................................... 99 5 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Identical Radio Settings ................................................................................................. 99 Radio/Band Settings................................................................................................... 99 Radio/RF Settings ....................................................................................................... 99 Radio/Network Settings ........................................................................................... 100 Unique Radio Settings .................................................................................................. 100 Radio/Network Settings ........................................................................................... 100 How to set up MMS ......................................................................................................... 101 Configure the PTMP Network Segments ..................................................................... 102 Network #1 .............................................................................................................. 102 Network #2 .............................................................................................................. 103 Network #3 .............................................................................................................. 103 How to tune the RSSI ....................................................................................................... 104 How to Import sites into Google Earth ............................................................................ 106 How to Build a Gold Standard Network........................................................................... 113 Planning ....................................................................................................................... 113 Installation ................................................................................................................... 113 Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................... 113 Pre-Deployment Tasks ................................................................................................. 114 Network Planning ........................................................................................................ 114 Transmission Systems .................................................................................................. 114 Losses within the Transmission System ................................................................... 114 Calculating Transmission System Loss ..................................................................... 115 Path Study Request ...................................................................................................... 116 Site Survey ................................................................................................................... 117

6 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Abbreviations AES

Advanced Encryption Standard

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

ARP

Address Resolution Protocol

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

BER

Bit Error Rate

CFR

Code of Federal Regulations (FCC)

CLI

Command Line Interface

CTS

Clear To Send

DC

Direct Current

DCD

Data Carrier Detect (RS232)

DI

Digital Input

DSR

Data Set Ready (RS232)

DTR

Data Terminal Ready (RS232)

DTS

Digital Transmission Systems

EIA

Electronic Industries Alliance

EIRP

Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power

ERP

Effective Radiated Power

FCC

Federal Communications Commission

FHSS

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum

FSK

Frequency Shift Keying

GND

Ground

GPS

Global Positioning System

GUI

Graphical User Interface

HSRP

Hot Standby Router Protocol

HTTP

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

IC

Industry Canada

ICMP

Internet Control Message Protocol

IP

Internet Protocol

ISM

Industrial, Scientific & Medical license free band; 902-928MHz in the USA.

INS

Intelligent Network Synchronizer

IO

Input Output

IP

Internet Protocol

KML

Keyhole Markup Language; XML based file format used in Google Earth

KMZ

Keyhole Markup language Zipped; a compressed version of a KML

LAN

Local Area Network

LED

Light Emitting Diode 7

Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio LLC

Limited Liability Company

MAC

Media Access Control

MAS

Multiple Address Systems licensed band

MMS

Multi-Master Sync

MPE

Minimum Permissible Exposure (limit)

MPED

Minimum Permissible Exposure Distance

MSK

Minimum Shift Keying

MSMP

Multi-Speed Multi-Point

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

PA

Power Amplifier

PC

Personal Computer

PDF

Portable Document Format

POE

Power Over Ethernet; 8023.af and 802.3at

PPS

Pulse Per Second

PSK

Phase Shift Keying (Binary, Quadrature, 8, 16)

PTMP

Point to Multipoint

PTP

Point to Point

QAM

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

RF

Radio Frequency

RSS

Radio Standards Specification (IC)

RTS

Request To Send

RTU

Remote Terminal Unit

RSSI

Received Signal Strength Indicator

RXD

Received Data

SCADA

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

SNR

Signal to Noise Ratio (Margin)

TIA

Telecommunications Industry Association

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

TXD

Transmitted Data

UDP

User Datagram Protocol

UI

User Interface

UL

UL is an American worldwide safety consulting and certification company

URL

Uniform Resource Locator

VLAN

Virtual Local Area Network

VSRP

Virtual Switch Redundancy Protocol

VSWR

Voltage Standing Wave Ratio





Warranty XetaWave LLC warrants your XetaWave Wireless Ethernet Radio against defects in materials and manufacturing for a period of three years from the date of purchase. In the event of a product failure due to materials or workmanship, XetaWave will, at its discretion, repair or replace the product. In no event will XetaWave LLC, its suppliers or its licensors, be liable for any damages arising from the use of or the inability to use this product. This includes business interruption, loss of business information, or other loss which may arise from the use of this product. XetaWave LLC Wireless Ethernet Radios should not be used in situations where failure to transmit or receive data could result in damage of any kind to the user or any other party, including but not limited to personal injury, death, or loss of property. XetaWave LLC accepts no responsibility for damages of any kind resulting from delays or errors in data transmitted or received using the XetaWave Wireless Ethernet Radio, or for the failure of such Radio to transmit or receive such data. Warranty policy may not apply: 1) If product repair, adjustments, or parts replacements is required due to accident, neglect or unusual physical, electrical or electromagnetic stress. 2) If product is used outside of XetaWave specifications. 3) If product has been modified, repaired or altered by Customer unless XetaWave specifically authorized such alterations in each instance in writing.

Caution Opening an Enclosed XetaWave Radio will void the warranty. The warranty period begins from the date of shipment and is defined per the standard warranty policy stated above. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. The information contained in this document is proprietary and confidential to XetaWave LLC. This manual is for use by purchasers and other authorized users of the XetaWave Wireless Ethernet Radio only. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, or for any purpose without the express written permission of XetaWave LLC. This product is licensed by the United States. Diversion contrary to U.S. law is prohibited. Shipment or re-export of this product outside of the United States may require authorization by the U.S. Bureau of Export Administration. Please contact XetaWave LLC for assistance and further information. 9 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




FCC & IC Notifications This device complies with Title 47 CFR § Parts 1, 15, 101 of the FCC code along with Industry Canada: RSS-102, Radio Frequency (RF) Exposure Compliance of Radio Communication Apparatus (All Frequency Bands) and Safety Code 6 of Health Canada. Specifically, 47CFR § 1.1310, Table 1, Limits for General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure and RSS-102, Radio Frequency (RF) Exposure Compliance of Radio Communication Apparatus (All Frequency Bands) Table 4.2 RF Field Strength Limits for Devices Used by the General Public (Uncontrolled Environment). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1) This device must not cause harmful interference and 2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. This device must be operated as supplied by XetaWave LLC. Any changes or modifications made to the device without the express written approval of XetaWave LLC may void the user’s authority to operate the device, pose violations and liabilities. This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.

Caution The model number XETA9 has a maximum transmitted output power of 4000 mW when used in the 928-960MHz band and 1000mW when used in the 902-928MHz band. The transmit antenna shall be kept at least 65.56 cm from psychical space where humans may exist. Additional details may be found in the RF Exposure Calculations at the end of this section. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Title 47 CFR § Part 15 and ICES-003. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: 1) Reorient or relocate the devices and/or antennas. 2) Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver. 3) Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. 4) Consult the dealer or an experienced RF/Radio/Electronics professional for help. 10 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Note: Whenever any XetaWave LLC module is placed inside an enclosure, a label must be placed on the outside of that enclosure which includes the module’s FCC ID and IC ID.

WARNING These radio systems shall be installed by a professional installer familiar with the applicable rules. Installation of all antennas shall be performed in a manner that will provide the MPED from the direction of maximum radiation, to any user or member of the public and consistent with the settings in the applicable antenna installation compliance section below.

Exposure Compliance FCC ID: PEJ-93829283-XETA9

IC ID: 11169A-XETA9

It is the responsibility of the licensee or user to guarantee compliance with the appropriate MPE regulations when operating this device in a way other than described herein. The installer of this equipment must ensure the antenna is located or oriented such that it does not emit an RF field in excess guidelines as posted in the Canadian RSS-102/Safety Code 6 of Health Canada, 47 CFR Bulletin 65/47CFR § 1.1310 of the Federal Communications Commission, or the Council of European Union as appropriate. The XetaWave XETA9 uses a low power radio frequency transmitter. The concentrated energy from an antenna may also pose a health hazard in the near field. People should not be near the antenna when the radio link is operating as general practice and maintain a safe distance as calculated below. Note: The FCC and Industry Canada do not use the same RF power density level for their limits, and also express their limits in different units. The US/FCC/OSHA/ANSI use milliwatts per square centimeter (mW/cm2) and Industry Canada uses Watts per square meter (W/m2). 2 2



W / m  10 mW / cm



The limits for Industry Canada are calculated from equation: 0.02619 ƒ 0.6834 taken from RSS 102, Issue 5, Table 4; 915MHz has an exposure limit of 2.77 W/m2, or 0.277 mW/cm2 The following calculations are based off the MPE (Maximum Permissible Exposure) requirements as outlined by the FCC and IC. The MPED (Maximum Permissible Exposure) distance has been calculated from both the FCC MPE limit of 0.6 mW/cm2 and also the MPE limit for Industry Canada above; 0.277 mW/cm2. 11 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio The table provides safe distance for several power levels and antennas besides the worst case for convenience. To calculate safe distance:

MPED 

ConductedPower (mW )DutyCycle AntennaGain 4 ExposureLimt (mW / cm2 

eq.2

Where MPED is Maximum Permissible Exposure Distance or safe distance. All quantities are calculated in linear or numeric quantities. The exposure limit, MPED, and conducted power units must be consistent, mW and cm for this case. Duty cycle is set using payload sizes for Access Point and End Point. The highest ISM duty cycle, 93%, that can be set is 1600 transmit and 64 receive using a modulation of 57 kbps MSK. The highest MAS duty cycle, 94%, that can be set is 1600 transmit and 64 receive using a modulation of 10 kbps MSK. Payload sizes are set in Radio/Network Settings. If the Radio is an Access Point then the Access Point packet size is set to 1600 and End Point packet size is set to 64. All Radios in the link must have the same Access Point and End Point settings. At power up and with no data transmitting, the Radio will transmit a beacon with a duty cycle of 6 to 10% depending upon modulation setting. Table of MPE Safe Distance vs. Antenna Gain and Power Output Setting Power Setting (mW)A

Duty Cycle (linear)

4000 (MAS) 4000 (MAS) 1000 (ISM) 1000 (ISM) 100 (ISM) 100 (ISM) 10 (ISM) 10 (ISM)

Antenna Gain (dBi)

Antenna Gain (linear)

FCC MPE Limit (mW/cm2)

FCC Safe Distance (cm)

IC MPE Limit (W/m2)B

0.94 6 3.98 0.6 44.55 2.77 0.94 3 2.00 0.6 31.58 2.77 0.93 6 3.98 0.6 22.15 2.77 0.93 3 2.00 0.6 15.70 2.77 0.93 6 3.98 0.6 7.01 2.77 0.93 3 2.00 0.6 4.97 2.77 0.93 6 3.98 0.6 2.22 2.77 0.93 3 2.00 0.6 1.57 2.77 The higher the antenna gain, the greater the minimum required MPE safe distance. A

B

IC Safe Distance (cm) 65.56 46.48 32.61 23.12 10.31 7.31 3.26 2.31

The worst case is 4000 mW with 6 dBi gain antenna and safe distance of 65.56cm.

The limits for Industry Canada provide shorter safe distances due to larger MPE limit.

12 Contents Proprietary and Confidential XetaWave Support Website Rev A: 2015-10-30 +1 720-608-4509 The limits for Industry Canada provide shorter safe distances dueTel: to larger MPE. [email protected]


Antenna Installation US/FCC antenna compliance Since professional installation is required, standard RF connectors are used. Adapters or custom coaxial cables may be required to connect the Radio output connector to the desired antenna. Any antenna from a reputable manufacturer with desired frequency range, gain, beam pattern (coverage) and an input surge impedance of approximately 50 ohms can be used provided the requirements of Title 47 CFR Part 15.247 (a), (b) and (c) are met, i.e.  

Maximum conducted power of 1W / 30 dBm delivered to the antenna. Maximum EIRP of 4W / 36 dBm.

XetaWave has successfully tested the Xeta9 with the following antennas: - Rubber Duck (Test) Antenna. Laird Technologies EXR-902-TN 896-960 MHz, Unity Gain (0dBd/2.15dBi), 1/2 Wavelength, Portable, TNC (M). The maximum power setting for a 2.15 dBi antenna is 1000 mW, even if directly connected to the Radio. - Omni-Directional Antenna. 8dBi Omni-Directional Vertical Antenna, Laird Technologies p/n FG9026. The Radio power must be reduced to satisfy 47 CFR Part 15.247 (a), (b) and (c) for antenna gain greater than 6 dBi* - Directional Antenna. 11 dBi Directional, Yagi vertical antenna, Larson p/n YA5900W. The Radio power must be reduced to satisfy 47 CFR Part 15.247 (a), (b) and (c) for antenna gain greater than 6 dBi*. If the antenna gain is greater than 6 dBi, the power setting shall be reduced by the amount the antenna gain exceeds 6 dBi. The coaxial transmission system loss also factors into the EIRP calculation. EIRP

=

(dBm)

–

Transmit Power (dBm)

+

Transmission

Antenna

System Losses (dB)

Gain (dBi)

9

Rearranging for Transmit Power to meet the maximum EIRP of 36dBm; Transmit

=

Power (dBm)

EIRP (dBm)

–

Antenna

+

Gain (dBi)

Transmission System Losses (dB)

For example, to calculate the maximum transmit power required to radiate an 11dBi Yagi at the maximum 36dBm / 4W EIRP with 3dB of transmission system loss; Maximum Transmit Power (dBm) = 36 dBm – 11 dBi + 3 dB = 28 dBm / 630 mW dBm can be converted to mW using this online calculator. 13 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Industry Canada antenna compliance Under Industry Canada regulations, this Radio transmitter may only operate using an antenna of a type and maximum (or lesser) gain approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) is not more than necessary for successful communication. This radio transmitter (identify the device by certification number, or model number if Category II) has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the antenna types listed below with the maximum permissible gain and required antenna impedance for each antenna type indicated. Antenna types not included in this list, having a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The installer of this radio equipment must ensure the antenna is located or pointed such that it does not emit RF field in excess of Health Canada limits for the general population; consult Safety Code 6, obtainable from Heath Canada’s website. The following antennas are approved for Canadian use as detailed below. Type

Gain (dBi)

Antenna

Manuf.

Part Number

Impedance Input ()

Lab/bench test, omni-directional

3

Rubber Duck (unity gain vertical)

Laird

EXR-902-TN

50

5.1

Tubular vertical

Commscope

DB583-Y

50

11.1

Tubular vertical

Commscope

DB589-Y

50

11

Yagi

Larsen

YA5900W

50

12

Yagi

Wavelink

PRO890-12

50

11.1

Yagi

Laird

YB8966

50

8.5

Tubular vertical

Wavelink

PRO902-8

50

5

Tubular vertical

Wavelink

PRO902-5

50

5

Tubular vertical

Laird

FG9023

50

8

Tubular vertical

Laird

FG9026

50

Base station, omnidirectional Base station, omnidirectional Base station directional Base station directional Base station directional Base station, omnidirectional Base station, omnidirectional Base station, omnidirectional Base station, omnidirectional





UL Notifications The Xeta9-EL, Xeta9x9-EL and Xeta9x-EL (Emancipator+) are suitable for use in Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, C and D OR non-hazardous locations only.

WARNING - EXPLOSION HAZARD -

Do not disconnect equipment unless power has been removed or the area is known to be non-hazardous.

-

Substitution of components may impair suitability for Class I, Division 2.

The maximum operating temperature of the devices while subjected to the surrounding air temperature test at 85°C is in accordance with the temperature class of the table below: Model Xeta9x9-EL, Xeta9-EL, Xeta9x3-E, Xeta1-E, Xeta1x1-E, Xeta2-E, Xeta2x1-E, Xeta2x2-E, Xeta3-E, Xeta3x1-E, Xeta3x2-E, Xeta3x3-E, Xeta4-E, Xeta4x1-E, Xeta4x2-E, Xeta4x3-E, Xeta4x4-E, Xeta9-EL, Xeta9x1-E, Xeta9x2-E, Xeta9x4-E.

T-code T3C

Xeta9m-R, Xeta9m-T, Xeta9-SB, Xeta9m-R4V, Xeta9m-T4V

T4A

Xeta3m-R, Xeta1m-R, Xeta1m-T, Xeta2m-R, Xeta2m-T, Xeta3m-T, Xeta4m-T, Xeta4m-R

T5

During the test, to maintain the unit within the temperature class listed above the transmit and receive duty cycles must be set per the directions and table below. TX packet size must be less than or equal to the value shown. Rx packet size must be greater than or equal to the value shown. Model Number

Xeta9-EL, 4 Watts Xeta9-EL, 1 Watt Xeta9m-R, 1 Watt MAS Xeta9m-R, 1 Watt ISM Xeta9m-R4V, 1 Watt Xeta9m-T4V, 1 Watt ISM Xeta9m-T, 1 Watt MAS ISM Xeta9m-T, 1 Watt ISM Xeta9x9-EL Radio 1, 4 Watts Radio 2, 1 Watt Xeta9x9-EL Radio 1, 1 Watt Radio 2, 1 Watt

Tx Packet Size

Rx Packet Size

<=

>=

Approximate Duty Cycle (%)

100 1024 250 150 600 600 250 150

64 1024 64 64 64 64 64 64

53.5 91.0 39.0 39.0 83.8 83.8 62.4 39.0

100 1024

64 64

53.5 91.0

1024 1024

64 64

91.0 91.0





Product Features Overview MultiSpeed MultiPoint™ (MSMP)

MSMP

m 6k BPSK M 4 8 QA 8 16 5 3 35

End Point

20km 884 BPSK 884 BPSK

End Point

15km 884 BPSK 884 B PSK 2651 8PSK 10km

1768 QPSK

End Point Access Point End Point

When configured as part of a XetaWave PTMP network, the Radios in the network are not required to communicate at the same data-rate. This enables remote End Point Radios that are closer to the Access Point or in a better RF environment to communicate at faster data-rates than remotes that are further away or in high-noise areas. Since transmissions from the Access Point Radio in a PTMP network must be received by all remotes irrespective of distance or RF conditions, the Access Point Radio is limited to a single data-rate. Remote End Point Radios must also be configured with the data-rate the Access Point will use to communicate. Remote End Point Radios in a PTMP MSMP network independently and dynamically select the optimal data-rate. The list of data-rates is selected by checking the corresponding check-boxes on the remote Radio. Data-rates which remote End Point Radios may use to communicate must also be defined on the Access Point Radio, therefore the configuration should match between the Access Point Radio and each of the remote End Point Radios.

Multi-Master Sync (MMS) It is common practice in large Ethernet SCADA communication systems to install multiple overlapping wireless networks to mitigate poor performance and prioritize traffic for different traffic types and mixed protocols. Wireless Ethernet networks with many remote devices can experience low throughput and long latency. Dividing large wireless networks into many smaller networks can increase throughput and reduce latency; PTP backhaul links for high throughput and PTMP access links to interface various end devices. Different traffic types can cause low priority data to block high priority data. Separating networks for each application in a single area establishes guaranteed capacity for each traffic type. 16 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio For example SCADA polling, video surveillance and internet access can each have individual networks with the same or overlapping geographical coverage. Installing multiple Radios at the same location or in the same geographical area must be done carefully to prevent interference. XetaWave Radios have a technology to prevent problems related to multiple Radios installed at the same location; Multi-Master Sync or MMS. MMS synchronizes the Radios in overlapping networks to transmit and receive at the same time, but on different frequencies as shown in the following hop sequence. For every hop in the sequence, each radio sub-network; 1x Access Point + connected End Points will transmit & receive on a unique frequency over the same time duration, therefore eliminating self-interference. Network B Hop Offset: 1 Network A (includes Backbone #1) Hop Offset: 0 Hop 1: XMIT/RCV on Channel 1 Hop 2: XMIT/RCV on Channel 7 Hop 3: XMIT/RCV on Channel 3 Hop 4: XMIT/RCV on Channel 9 Hop 5: XMIT/RCV on Channel 15

P Ac cess #A

PTMP Access #B

End Point(s)

P TM

End Point(s)

# ne bo k c Ba SyncPipe

Hop 1: XMIT/RCV on Channel 15 Hop 2: XMIT/RCV on Channel 1 Hop 3: XMIT/RCV on Channel 7 Hop 4: XMIT/RCV on Channel 3 Hop 5: XMIT/RCV on Channel 9

1 R2: End Point

End Point(s)

PTMP Access #E

R1: Access Point B

Co-located Access Points

e #2 Backbon

1PPS

PT

Backbone #2

Access Point A

M

R2: End Point

P

PT M

End Point(s)

R1: Access Point E

#D

R2: End Point

es cc PA s#

Network E Hop Offset: 4

R1: Access Point D

C

1PPS

Ac ce ss

Access Point C End Point(s) End Point(s)

Network D (includes Backbone #2) Hop Offset: 3

Network C (includes Backbone #2) Hop Offset: 2 Hop 1: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 2: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 3: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 4: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 5: XMIT/RCV on Channel

9 15 1 7 3

Hop 1: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 2: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 3: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 4: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 5: XMIT/RCV on Channel


7 3 9 15 1

3 9 15 1 7

Hop Pattern: 1 (pseudorandom)





Routing SCADA networks built with Ethernet Bridges often exist within the same Broadcast Domain as the Enterprise network where the SCADA network terminates. With multiple PC’s, Printers and other Network Appliances from the Enterprise network also existing within the same broadcast domain, Broadcast traffic from these Network Appliances can also traverse the SCADA system via the RF Links. This unwanted Broadcast traffic eats up RF Bandwidth, reducing the efficiency of the links. One way to reduce Broadcast traffic is to add a Router between the SCADA and Enterprise networks so that each system belongs to it’s own Broadcast domain. This approach reduces the Broadcast traffic from the Enterprise network but with the SCADA system being a flat network inside a single Broadcast domain it remains likely that Broadcast traffic from all connected devices could cause concern with a large deployment. XetaWave Multi-Layer Radios make it possible to build RF Networks with data routed across multiple subnets, eliminating all unnecessary Ethernet traffic from the RF links.

Xeta9-EL Access Point

Xeta9-EL End Point

Xeta9x9-EL Repeater

Eth1: Subnet 1

Eth1: Subnet 3

Eth1: Subnet 5

Eth2: Subnet 2

Eth2: Subnet 4

Eth2: Subnet 6

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol V1/V2 and V3 is standard in all XetaWave MultiLayer Radios and can be used to monitor: -

RF Module: Margin, Noise, Reverse Power, RSSI, Rx Success, Temperature, Tx Success.

-

Device: DI1 Level, DC Input Voltage.

SNMP requires the use of an SNMP Manager such as OpenNMS, Solarwinds etc. Radios can be polled and traps can be set. 18 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Enclosed (Xeta9-EL, Xeta9x9-EL, Xeta9-E-CFE) XetaWave enclosed Ethernet Multi-Layer Radios all have the same design with front access to communication ports, side access to RF connections and I/O connections. The Radio may or may not be DIN rail mounted. The top of the Radio enclosure is a heat sink needed for high-power dual-radio applications – the finned heat sink surface should be kept clear of any materials. Stacking Radios on top of each other is not recommended as a gap should always be maintained between Radios to aid with heat dissipation. The front of the Radio includes (from left to right) the 10-32VDC power connector, the two Serial RJ45 SERIAL port connectors (Xeta9-EL, Xeta9x9-EL), the one Serial RJ45 SERIAL port connector (Xeta9-E-CFE), the two RJ45 Ethernet port connectors, a USB connector for future power use, and two sets of indicator lights for up to two radio modules. The left side of the radio may have I/O connectivity as an option.

Depending on Xeta9 model, the right side of the enclosure will have either one or two female TNC connectors…  

1 x TNC; Xeta9-EL, Xeta9-E-CFE has 1 x internal RF Module. 2 x TNC; Xeta9x9-EL has 2 x internal independently configured RF Modules.





Board Level Emancipator+ (Xeta9x-EL) The XetaWave Emancipator+ (Xeta9x-EL) Radio has one Serial RJ45 COM port connector, one RJ45 Ethernet port connector, side access to a SMA RF connector and the same 1032VDC power connector as all other XetaWave products.

+ Serial Port Ethernet Port

-

10-32 VDC





Interface Cabling DC Power XetaWave recommends using a power source capable of 8W peak / 4W sustained. The 10 – 32 VDC Power Connector is a Phoenix Contact MSTB 2-Pin plug used on all XetaWave Products. The Positive terminal is on the left and the Negative terminal is on the right. All XetaWave Radios have reverse polarity protection to 32VDC.

+ -

10 – 32 VDC

+ -

Caution Use of 802.3af PoE / 802.3at PoE+ with existing XetaWave products is NOT advised. PoE capabilities are on the product roadmap, but not currently implemented.

TIA/EIA 568 Wiring Standard The T568 Standard defines the pin-out and wire pairing for the termination of RJ-45 connectors in two standard configurations; T568A and T568B.

This manual assumes the use of the T568B Wiring Standard for Serial RJ45 connectors.





RJ45 Serial Port Pin Assignments All XetaWave Radios have the RJ45 locking tab facing upwards, which means the pin numbering of the Serial RJ45 Ports is reversed from right to left:

Reminder, the Xeta9x-EL (Emancipator+) board level Radio has 1 x Serial RJ45 Port:

Pin Assignments: 8 .. 1

Connections for RS232 XetaWave uses the EIA/TIA-561 standard for RS 232 signals on the Serial RJ45 Port. With the serial port on the XetaWave Radio configured as RS 232, the following table applies: Serial RJ45 Pin #

RS 232 Signal Pinout EIA/TIA-561

T568B Wire Color

White/Orange

Connect to these lines on Serial End Device

1

Data Set Ready (DSR)

2

Data Carrier Detect (DCD)

Orange

3

Data Terminal Ready (DTR)

White/Green

Data Set Ready (DSR)

4

Signal Ground* (GND)

Blue

Signal Ground* (GND)

5

Receive Data* (RXD)

White/Blue

Transmit Data* (TXD)

6

Transmit Data* (TXD)

Green

Receive Data* (RXD)

7

Clear to Send (CTS)

8

Request To Send (RTS)

White/Brown Brown

Data Terminal Ready (DTR) DSR/DTR line

Request To Send (RTS) Clear to Send (CTS)

* TXD, RXD and GND are required as a bare minimum for interfacing most serial end devices to the XetaWave Ethernet Bridge. 22 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Connections for 4-Wire RS-422 / RS-485 When the Serial port on the XetaWave Radio is configured to 4-wire RS-422 or RS-485, the following table applies: Serial RJ45 Pin #

RS 422/485 Signal Pinout

T568B

Connect to these lines

Wire Color

1

White/Orange

2

Orange

3

White/Green Blue

on Serial End Device

4

Signal Ground (GND)

Signal Ground (GND)

5

Receive + (A)

White/Blue

Transmit + (Y)

6

Transmit + (Y)

Green

Receive + (A)

7

Transmit – (Z)

White/Brown

Receive – (B)

8

Receive – (B)

Brown

Transmit – (Z)

Connections for 2-Wire RS 485 When the Serial port on the XetaWave Radio is configured to 2-wire RS-485, the following table applies: Serial RJ45 Pin #

RS 422/485 Signal Pinout

T568B Wire Color

1

White/Orange

2

Orange

3

White/Green

4

Signal Ground (GND)

Blue

5

Bus+ (short to Pin6)

White/Blue

6

Bus+ (short to Pin5)

Green

7

Bus– (short to Pin8)

White/Brown

8

Bus– (short to Pin7)

Brown

Connect to these lines on Serial End Device

Signal Ground (GND) Bus+ Bus–

IO Connections: Xeta9-EL; Xeta9x9-EL On the standard range of Xeta9-EL Radios, the following IO pins are implemented. IO 4: GND 2: MMS 1: DI1

Pin #

Signal Pinout

1

DI-1 : See SNMP Section for details

2

MMS: See MMS Section for details

4

Ground 23





Status LEDs Enclosed Radios: Xeta9-EL; Xeta9x9-EL Enclosed Ethernet Radios have LINK*, XMIT* and RCV* LEDs on the front panel; Radio 1 for the Xeta9-EL and both for the Xeta9x9-EL. The LINK LED shows radio power and link state. -

A red LINK LED indicates that the radio has power but is not linked (a Point to Multipoint Access Point radio always shows a green LINK LED. All other radio configurations show a red LINK LED upon power up until the radio link is established).

-

A green LINK LED indicates that the radio has power and is linked.

-

When the link is established the LINK LED turns green.

-

If the link is dropped, then the LINK LED returns to red.

The XMIT LED flashes red every time the radio transmits data. The RCV LED flashes green when the radio is receiving and decoding an RF packet. Because of the high speed of the embedded microprocessor and communications, all status LEDs can turn on and off very quickly. In some cases the LEDs turn on and off so quickly that the LEDs appear to be on but dimly lit. This behaviour indicates that events are happening in very quick succession. A good example is the XMIT LED changing intensity from dim red to bright red to off. This indicates many small packets in quick succession (dim red), followed by many large packets with almost continuous transmissions (bright red), then no transmissions (off). * Depending on the specific model and age of the radio, the front panel LED’s may be referred to differently… -

LINK may also be referred to as PWR XMIT may also be referred to as TX RCV may also be referred to as MODE or RX 24





Board Level Radio Xeta9x-EL (Emancipator+) The Xeta9x-EL (Emancipator+) has all the LEDs that the enclosed Ethernet Radios have, but are presented in a different order and are referred to as follows: PWR = LINK RX = RCV TX = XMIT The Xeta9x-LE has an extra LED: uP OK, which indicates that the microprocessor is running. Status LED’s are located next to the DC power connector:

Using the Status LED’s for Diagnostics LINK/PWR - Access Point: green at all times. End Point: green indicates the link is up, red indicates the link is down. Intermittent flickering red indicates a mismatch in RF Transmission Settings between Access Point and End Point and the likelihood that traffic is not moving. Verify Access Point and End Point RF Transmission Settings to ensure Frequency and MMS parameters match. XMIT/TX - Lights up red when transmitting data; bright for large packets with almost continuous transmission; dim for small packets in quick succession; off for not transmitting at all. RCV/RX - Lights up green when receiving data; bright for large packets with almost continuous reception; dim for small packets in quick succession; off for not receiving at all. If the RCV/RX LED is excessively flickering on a live network that’s passing data, the link may be marginal; Check the Radio Diagnostics page for signal and noise levels. Note: Increasing the Beacon Period on the Access Point slows down the RCV/RX LED blinking rate on the End Point when the link is idle; i.e. not passing traffic.





User Interface Overview XetaWave Ethernet Radios can be quickly configured using a web-based User Interface (UI). XetaWave recommends the use of Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox to access the UI, but most browsers should work. However, due to slightly different behaviour among webbrowsers it may occasionally be necessary to manually refresh a page or click on the link on the left navigation bar to reload a page, which is completely normal. The PC/Laptop must have an IP address on the same subnet as the XetaWave Ethernet Radio in order to communicate.

Caution XetaWave Multi-Layer based Radios use a (secure) HTTPS connection, therefore use of https:// is required when entering the Radio IP into the URL bar. While XetaWave Radios are capable of multi-megabit data rates, web administration pages have been developed to support functional access over slow-speed links.

Default IP The factory default IP address of all XetaWave Radios is 192.168.0.3 Please refer to the Obtaining an Unknown IP Address section in the Quick Start Guide if you cannot access the User Interface.

Accessing the User Interface The User Interface is accessed by initiating a secure HTTPS connection from a Web Browser, via direct Ethernet port connection or active radio link. Type https:// in the URL bar; i.e. https://192.168.0.3 If this is the first time attempting to connect via https the browser may prompt you regarding privacy. Certificates are usually associated with fully-qualified domain names and not individual IP addresses, so this prompt is completely normal. Note: This prompt only occurs the first time you connect to the Web Interface or after the browsers history is cleared. Subsequent login attempts will not prompt in this way. Access will be granted once the username and password have been successfully entered. You will then be prompted for Authentication/Login. The default Username is admin The default Password is admin 26 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30



User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main

Main Menu

Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput

Device Name – user-definable name to permit easier user identification with the device. When “Save” is clicked, the new value is immediately saved in the internal flash.

- Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Model – Xeta9-EL, Xeta9x9-EL, Xeta9x-EL (Emancipator+). Serial Number – this unique identifier is the same as the right most four byes of the device’s MAC address. Enclosed Radio; this the Serial Number of the Ethernet carrier board. Board level Emancipator+; this is the Serial Number of the Radio. Ethernet Firmware – displays the installed Ethernet firmware version. Radio Information – Radio1 / Radio2 (Xeta9x9-EL). Radio 1/2 – displays RF Module information: Serial Number – same as the right most four byes of the RF Module MAC address. Name – user-definable name to permit further identification with the device. Model – Model # of installed RF Module; i.e. Xeta9m-T. Also indicates frequency. Radio Firmware – displays the installed Ethernet firmware version. Device ID – used to uniquely identify radio nodes in a XetaWave RF network. Operating Mode – Access Point (AP), Repeating End Point (REP), End Point (EP). Network Type – Point to Point (PTP), Point to Multipoint (PTMP), CSMA Peer to Peer.

Quick Start Guide How to Section




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes

Network/VLANs XetaWave Ethernet Radios function as 5-port Enterprise Ethernet switches by implementing 802.1q VLANs and trunks. The five ports that participate in the Ethernet switching process are:

Radio

Port / Interface

- RF Modules

Ethernet 1

- Band Settings - RF Settings

Ethernet 2

- Network Settings

Description Physical Ethernet interface which can function as an access port, an 802.1q trunk, or both. Physical Ethernet interface which can function as an access port, an 802.1q trunk, or both.

Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List

Radio 1

Wireless interface which functions as an 802.1q trunk.

Radio 2

Wireless interface which functions as an 802.1q trunk.

Management

Virtual Ethernet interface internal to the Radio which functions as an access-port.

- RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table

Native VLAN – XetaWave Radios have an internal virtual Ethernet port to accept traffic destined for the Radio’s IP address when set up in a Bridge configuration. The VLAN specified here is the Native VLAN associated with this internal virtual Ethernet port; the Native VLAN or in the case of a default configuration; VLAN1.

- ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration

Additional VLANs can be given an ID between 2 and 4095 and a description to assist with identification.

- Files - SNMP Security - AES

-

Click Add to create a new VLAN.

-

Click Save to add the VLAN to the Radio configuration.

Note: The maximum number of VLANs that can be created is 16. Quick Start Guide How to Section




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main Network - VLANs - Interface Settings

Network/Interface Settings This is where the Mode, Description, IP Address, IP Mask, VLAN association, Port Speed/Duplex and Default Gateway are configured.

- Static Routes

Caution

Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial

To establish Ethernet communications it is critical these settings are correctly configured and compatible with other Radios or devices on the network. The Laptop/PC should be given a fixed IP address on the same subnet as the physical interface it is connected to.

- Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

The standard Radio configuration remains a Bridge with a single IP address. However, XetaWave Multi-Layer Radios differ from their “Bridge only” predecessor because it’s now possible to assign each interface a unique IP address in a Routed configuration. Mode: Bridged - Web Interface can be accessed via the VLAN IP address of the interface PVID. A Bridged interface defaults to the Management VLAN; VLAN1 unless otherwise reconfigured. Bridged mode passes all Broadcast traffic through every Bridged interface. This should be considered when connecting to a large Enterprise system in order to avoid unwanted broadcast traffic consuming bandwidth on the RF links. Built in forwarding ensures addressed traffic is only passed via the appropriate interfaces, which translates to more efficient bandwidth use of the RF link.

- Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Mode: Routed - Web Interface can be accessed via the IP address of the connected interface. Routed interfaces can be assigned unique IP addresses and are required to be on different subnets. Static Routes must be configured both in the Radio and any connected Host for Ethernet traffic to be passed between subnets. A Routed interface will block Broadcast traffic and only pass addressed traffic routed across that interface.





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings

Description – The Description can be renamed alphanumerically up to a 30 character maximum. VLAN descriptions may also be edited on the Network/VLANs page.

- RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services

IP Address – IPV4 address used to communicate with or connect to the XetaWave Radio. The address specified is used to access the Web Interface and establish communications with serial devices through the Radio’s built-in terminal server capabilities.

- Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List

IP Mask – Mask applied to the IPV4 address to identify the network segment containing the Radio and when forwarding traffic to the default gateway is required.

- RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics

MAC Address – Enclosed Radio; Ethernet ports list the Ethernet carrier board MAC. Radio1 and VLAN1 list the RF1 Module MAC unless Eth1 or Eth2 are set to Routed, then VLAN1 will list the Ethernet carrier board MAC. Radio2 lists the RF2 Module MAC.

- Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

PVID – Primary VLAN ID; default setting is 1 for VLAN1 (Native VLAN). Additional VLANs can also be set as the PVID for any interface. Note: Care should be taken when changing PVID so that Ethernet Communications are not interrupted.

- Channel Utilization Management - Administration

Allowed VLANS – this value defines which VLANs are allowed to enter or leave an Interface. The default setting is 1 for VLAN1. Additional VLANs can also be allowed.

- Files - SNMP

VLAN Port Tagging – this value controls the VLAN tagging behaviour for an Interface;

Security - AES


-

NONE: VLAN tags are not added to any frame leaving the Ethernet port and only untagged frames are allowed to enter the RF Module. Note: One exception to this rule is that tagged frames belonging to the native VLAN are accepted by the RF Module, which means all packets entering and leaving the RF Module are associated with VLAN1.

-

EXCLUDE NATIVE: the interface acts as a VLAN trunk and will tag all frames leaving the interface except those belonging to the native VLAN. Traffic entering the port can be tagged or untagged with all untagged frames automatically being associated with a port’s native VLAN.

-

ALL: the interface acts as a VLAN trunk and will tag all frames leaving the port including those belonging to the native VLAN. Traffic entering the port must be tagged. Any untagged frames entering a port are dropped. 30




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial

Bounce – This setting allows Bridged End Points to communicate with each other via the upstream Access Point. This is not a true peer-to-peer setting, but does allow parallel End Point Radios to communicate.

- Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics

Note: The Bounce setting is only available when the Radio is configured as an Access Point and the RF Module is set to “Bridge”.

- Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics

Multiple VLANs can be added to the Bounce setup;

- RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Speed/Duplex – speeds of 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps or auto-negotiation (speed and duplex) can be set. Default Gateway – if a Default Gateway is configured, the Radio will periodically attempt to resolve the MAC address of the default gateway via ARP. Once the MAC address of the default-gateway is acquired, the Radio will periodically re-ARP for the gateway to ensure connectivity is maintained.





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio

Network/Static Routes The Static Routing feature of XetaWave Radios allows for multiple subnets to be created so that only traffic destined for those subnets is Routed to those subnets, therefore eliminating uneccessary traffic on the RF links. With a Routed configuration every interface is required to be on a separate subnet.

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List

Static Routes should be configured in the Access Point for all downstream Subnets in order to establish Ethernet communications between the various subnets.

- RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

If the network contains multiple Xeta9x9-EL’s it will also be necessary to configure Static Routes on each of these Radios. Basically, any Radio that has a Master RF Module will require Static Routes. To configure a Static Route the destination Network ID (Subnet), IP Mask and Gateway IP are required to be entered. The Gateway IP will be the IP address of the downstream Radio interface.


-

Click Add to create a new Static Route.

-

Click Save to add the Static Route to the Radio configuration without enabling it.

-

Click Apply to add the Static Route to the Radio configuration and/or enable it.

Static Routes should also be configured in any Host that is connected to the Access Point. This can be done by opening the Command Prompt Window as Administrator and entering each Route in the following format… route add –p mask 255.255.255.0






Static Routing Example

Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules

Polling Host Static Routes Subnet #2 - Net Destination: 192.168.2.0/24 Subnet #3 - Net Destination: 192.168.3.0/24 Subnet #4 - Net Destination: 192.168.4.0/24 Subnet #5 - Net Destination: 192.168.5.0/24

Gateway: 192.168.1.1 Gateway: 192.168.1.1 Gateway: 192.168.1.1 Gateway: 192.168.1.1

Polling Host 192.168.1.252/24

- Band Settings Subnet #2

- RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services

Xeta9x9-EL Repeater #1

Xeta9-EL End Point

Eth1: Routed 192.168.2.2/24 Radio1: Routed 10.10.10.2/24 Radio2: Routed 10.10.11.2/24 Default Gateway: 10.10.10.1

Eth1: Routed 192.168.4.4/24 Radio1: Routed 10.10.11.4/24 Default Gateway: 10.10.11.2

#4

Repeater #1 Static Routes Net ID: 192.168.4.0/24 GW: 10.10.11.4

Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table

Xeta9-EL Access Point Eth1: Routed 192.168.1.1/24 Radio1: Routed 10.10.10.1/24 Default Gateway: 192.168.1.252 AP Static Routes Net ID: 192.168.2.0/24 Net ID: 192.168.4.0/24 Net ID: 192.168.3.0/24 Net ID: 192.168.5.0/24

- Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration

GW: 10.10.10.2 GW: 10.10.10.2 GW: 10.10.10.3 GW: 10.10.10.3

Subnet #3

Xeta9x9-EL Repeater #2

Xeta9-EL End Point

Eth1: Routed 192.168.3.3/24 Radio1: Routed 10.10.10.3/24 Radio2: Routed 10.10.12.3/24 Default Gateway: 10.10.10.1

Eth1: Routed 192.168.5.5/24 Radio1: Routed 10.10.12.5/24 Default Gateway: 10.10.12.3

#5

Repeater #2 Static Routes Net ID: 192.168.5.0/24 GW: 10.10.12.5

- Files - SNMP Security

The Static Routes in the above example would be configured as follows…

- AES

Polling Host

Access Point

Repeater #1

Repeater #2 Quick Start Guide How to Section





Radio/RF Modules This page displays the current status of each of the installed RF Modules. Xeta9-EL

Xeta9x9-EL

Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services

Toggle Power to a RF Module Click a Green Radio button to toggle power to a RF Module. The module will grey out once turned off.

Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table

Toggling the power to the RF Module will cut the power for 60 seconds before being reapplied; the RF Module will then come back online.

- Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

Disable Power to a RF Module

- Channel Utilization

To disable a RF Module, uncheck the “Enabled” checkbox and click the “Save Enable/Disable” button. You will be prompted to select a validation period. Once the change has been accepted the RF Module status will appear as follows:

Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Caution

Quick Start Guide

If an RF module is disabled it will remain powered off even through reboots and power-cycles until it is manually enabled on this page again. If you are accessing the web-based UI through an RF Module and choose to disable that module (without selecting a validation period), you can be locked out of the Radio until such a time that the setting is reversed by physically connecting to the Radio and re-enabling the RF Module.

How to Section




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main Network - VLANs

Radio/Band Settings This is where to select the desired RF Band; ISM or MAS.

- Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings

-

ISM band (902-928MHz) - License Free - a range of frequencies is used and the Radio may hop between RF channels within the band.

-

MAS band (928-960MHz) – Licensed - specific frequencies are used for transmit and receive and the Radio maintains those frequencies at all times.

Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping

Once the band is set, the Radio/RF Settings page will display only information relevant to the chosen band.

- RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES






Radio/RF Settings This is where Frequencies, Transmit Power, Hop Pattern and Transmit Rates are configured.

MAS Band (928-960 MHz) If MAS is selected in Radio/Band Settings the following MAS parameters are configurable:

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

Access Point & End Point Transmit Frequencies MAS requires both the AP Tx Freq and EP Tx Freq to be manually entered. The frequencies should correspond to the frequencies and channel size issued on the FCC license.

Caution

- Channel Utilization Management

MAS is a licensed band requiring an appropriate FCC license to remain in compliance.

- Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Transmit Power MAS Transmit Power is set in milli-Watts from 10 - 4000mW (10 – 36 dBm; depending upon license). mW can be converted to dBm using this online calculator.

Caution RF performance is often more problematic at higher RSSI levels. When the Transmit Power is set too high, the receiving Radio RSSI may be too high and the overall noise floor in the area will increase. Transmit Power should be tuned to provide enough SNR on the receiving Radio. Please refer to the RSSI and Sensitivity & Minimum SNR per Modulation sections.

Quick Start Guide

When lab testing with the optional 0dBi “rubber duck” antenna it is recommended to install 20dB coaxial attenuators and adjust the transmit power to 50-100 mW.

How to Section




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main Network

Channel Sizes The FCC license will state what channel size can be utilized; 12.5kHz, 25kHz or 50kHz.

- VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio

Transmit Rates MAS Transmit Rates are restricted to a single modulation for both Access Point and End Point; no MSMP. The faster the speed, the more complex the modulation.

- RF Modules - Band Settings

12.5kHz

- RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics

25kHz

- RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization

50kHz







ISM Band (902-928 MHz)

Network

If ISM is selected in Radio/Band Settings the following ISM parameters are configurable:

- VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration

Band Start and Band Stop frequencies are limited to a minimum of 902MHz and a maximum of 928MHz. The frequencies in use within the ISM band may be reduced by adjusting these settings to clip off the band extremities. Additionally, a range of frequencies within the band may be excluded using the Exclude Lower and Exclude Upper settings. Note: Care must be taken to ensure enough frequencies are available for the Radio to hop within the required regulations.


In particular, under FHSS rules (less than 663 Kbps) the Radio must have enough frequency bandwidth as required under FCC rules;

- AES

1. For FHSS systems operating in the 902-928 MHz band, if the 20 dB bandwidth of the hopping channel is less than 250 kHz, the system shall use at least 50 hopping frequencies. The average time of occupancy on any frequency shall not be greater than 0.4 seconds within a 20 second period. 2. If the 20 dB bandwidth of the hopping channel is 250 kHz or greater, the system shall use at least 25 hopping frequencies and the average time of occupancy on any frequency shall not be greater than 0.4 seconds within a 10 second period. 3. The maximum allowed 20 dB bandwidth of the hopping channel is 500 kHz.


4. Under DTS rules (greater than or equal to 663kbps) there is no limit on the minimum bandwidth for the Radio as it may operate on one frequency, therefore the lower and upper edge of the band may be reduced if the full 902 to 928MHz ISM range is not required. 38 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




ISM Channel Sizes The number of ISM channels varies with each modulation 1.

- VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes

The following sections provide channel frequencies, spacing, bandwidth and minimum channel requirements.

Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings

Hop Tables The Radio generates hop tables automatically based upon the modulation and frequency range in use.

- Network Settings Serial

The following is true for the complete 902-928 MHz ISM Band;

- Local Serial Services

-

57 MSK

171 channels with 76.45 kHz bandwidth 2.

Diagnostics

-

114 MSK

165 channels with 154.29 kHz bandwidth.

- Neighbor List

-

153 MSK


-

229 MSK


- RF Throughput

-

663 2FSK

26 channels with 900 kHz bandwidth.

- Network Statistics

-

884 BPSK

20 channels with 1.2 MHz bandwidth.

- Route Table

-

1768 QPSK


- ARP Table

-

2651 8PSK


- Serial Statistics

-

3535 16QAM 1 20 channels with 1.2 MHz bandwidth.

Management

-

3535 16PSK 1

- Administration

-

4419 32QAM 1 20 channels with 1.2 MHz bandwidth.

- Serial Services

- RF Diagnostics - RF Ping

- Forwarding Table



- Files - SNMP

1

Xeta9x-EL “Emancipator+” supports modulations up to and including 2651 8PSK.

2

57 MSK uses the lower ISM band (902–915 MHz) even when Band Stop is set to 928 MHz.

Security - AES

Additionally, using the Exclude MHz settings to exclude 902 – 915 MHz has no effect and the Radio will continue to use the lower half of the ISM Band. To force the Radio to use the upper ISM Band (915 – 928 MHz), set Band Start to 915 MHz and Band Stop to 928 MHz. The Radio will then use the upper half of the ISM Band maintaining 166 channels with 76.45 kHz channel bandwidth.






57 MSK (FHSS) – 171 channels with 76.45 kHz channel spacing / bandwidth 1.

Network - VLANs

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

- Interface Settings

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

902.288225 902.364675 902.441125 902.517575 902.594025 902.670475 902.746925 902.823375 902.899825 902.976275 903.052725 903.129175 903.205625 903.282075 903.358525 903.434975 903.511425 903.587875 903.664325 903.740775 903.817225 903.893675 903.970125 904.046575 904.123025 904.199475 904.275925 904.352375 904.428825 904.505275 904.581725 904.658175 904.734625 904.811075 904.887525 904.963975 905.040425 905.116875 905.193325 905.269775 905.346225 905.422675 905.499125

44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

905.575575 905.652025 905.728475 905.804925 905.881375 905.957825 906.034275 906.110725 906.187175 906.263625 906.340075 906.416525 906.492975 906.569425 906.645875 906.722325 906.798775 906.875225 906.951675 907.028125 907.104575 907.181025 907.257475 907.333925 907.410375 907.486825 907.563275 907.639725 907.716175 907.792625 907.869075 907.945525 908.021975 908.098425 908.174875 908.251325 908.327775 908.404225 908.480675 908.557125 908.633575 908.710025 908.786475

87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 102 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129

908.862925 908.939375 909.015825 909.092275 909.168725 909.245175 909.321625 909.398075 909.474525 909.550975 909.627425 909.703875 909.780325 909.856775 909.933225 910.009675 910.086125 910.162575 910.239025 910.315475 910.391925 910.468375 910.544825 910.621275 910.697725 910.774175 910.850625 910.927075 911.003525 911.079975 911.156425 911.232875 911.309325 911.385775 911.462225 911.538675 911.615125 911.691575 911.768025 911.844475 911.920925 911.997375 912.073825

130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171

912.150275 912.226725 912.303175 912.379625 912.456075 912.532525 912.608975 912.685425 912.761875 912.838325 912.914775 912.991225 913.067675 913.144125 913.220575 913.297025 913.373475 913.449925 913.526375 913.602825 913.679275 913.755725 913.832175 913.908625 913.985075 914.061525 914.137975 914.214425 914.290875 914.367325 914.443775 914.520225 914.596675 914.673125 914.749575 914.826025 914.902475 914.978925 915.055375 915.131825 915.208275 915.284725

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

FHSS requires a minimum of 50 channels to be in use at any given time. 1

57 MSK uses the lower half of the ISM band (902 – 915 MHz) even when Band Stop is set to 928 MHz. Quick Start Guide How to Section

Additionally, using the Exclude MHz settings to exclude 902 – 915 MHz has no effect and the Radio will continue to use the lower half of the ISM Band – see next page. 40 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Forcing 57 MSK to use Upper ISM Band (915 – 928 MHz)

Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Quick Start Guide

To force the Radio to use the upper half of the ISM Band, set Band Start to 915 MHz and leave Band Stop at 928 MHz. The Radio will then use the upper half of the ISM Band maintaining 166 channels with 76.45 kHz bandwidth; Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

915.038225 915.114675 915.191125 915.267575 915.344025 915.420475 915.496925 915.573375 915.649825 915.726275 915.802725 915.879175 915.955625 916.032075 916.108525 916.184975 916.261425 916.337875 916.414325 916.490775 916.567225 916.643675 916.720125 916.796575 916.873025 916.949475 917.025925 917.102375 917.178825 917.255275 917.331725 917.408175 917.484625 917.561075 917.637525 917.713975 917.790425 917.866875 917.943325 918.019775 918.096225 918.172675

43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84

918.249125 918.325575 918.402025 918.478475 918.554925 918.631375 918.707825 918.784275 918.860725 918.937175 919.013625 919.090075 919.166525 919.242975 919.319425 919.395875 919.472325 919.548775 919.625225 919.701675 919.778125 919.854575 919.931025 920.007475 920.083925 920.160375 920.236825 920.313275 920.389725 920.466175 920.542625 920.619075 920.695525 920.771975 920.848425 920.924875 921.001325 921.077775 921.154225 921.230675 921.307125 921.383575

85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 102 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126

921.460025 921.536475 921.612925 921.689375 921.765825 921.842275 921.918725 921.995175 922.071625 922.148075 922.224525 922.300975 922.377425 922.453875 922.530325 922.606775 922.683225 922.759675 922.836125 922.912575 922.989025 923.065475 923.141925 923.218375 923.294825 923.371275 923.447725 923.524175 923.600625 923.677075 923.753525 923.829975 923.906425 923.982875 924.059325 924.135775 924.212225 924.288675 924.365125 924.441575 924.518025 924.594475

127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166

924.670925 924.747375 924.823825 924.900275 924.976725 925.053175 925.129625 925.206075 925.282525 925.358975 925.435425 925.511875 925.588325 925.664775 925.741225 925.817675 925.894125 925.970575 926.047025 926.123475 926.199925 926.276375 926.352825 926.429275 926.505725 926.582175 926.658625 926.735075 926.811525 926.887975 926.964425 927.040875 927.117325 927.193775 927.270225 927.346675 927.423125 927.499575 927.576025 927.652475

How to Section

FHSS; FCC requires a minimum of 50 channels to be in use at any given time. 41 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




114 MSK (FHSS) – 165 channels with 154.29 kHz channel spacing / bandwidth.

Network - VLANs

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

902.327145 902.481435 902.635725 902.790015 902.944305 903.098595 903.252885 903.407175 903.561465 903.715755 903.870045 904.024335 904.178625 904.332915 904.487205 904.641495 904.795785 904.950075 905.104365 905.258655 905.412945 905.567235 905.721525 905.875815 906.030105 906.184395 906.338685 906.492975 906.647265 906.801555 906.955845 907.110135 907.264425 907.418715 907.573005 907.727295 907.881585 908.035875 908.190165 908.344455 908.498745 908.653035

43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83

908.807325 908.961615 909.115905 909.270195 909.424485 909.578775 909.733065 909.887355 910.041645 910.195935 910.350225 910.504515 910.658805 910.813095 910.967385 911.121675 911.275965 911.430255 911.584545 911.738835 911.893125 912.047415 912.201705 912.355995 912.510285 912.664575 912.818865 912.973155 913.127445 913.281735 913.436025 913.590315 913.744605 913.898895 914.053185 914.207475 914.361765 914.516055 914.670345 914.824635 914.978925

84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 102 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124

915.133215 915.287505 915.441795 915.596085 915.750375 915.904665 916.058955 916.213245 916.367535 916.521825 916.676115 916.830405 916.984695 917.138985 917.293275 917.447565 917.601855 917.756145 917.910435 918.064725 918.219015 918.373305 918.527595 918.681885 918.836175 918.990465 919.144755 919.299045 919.453335 919.607625 919.761915 919.916205 920.070495 920.224785 920.379075 920.533365 920.687655 920.841945 920.996235 921.150525 921.304815

125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165

915.133215 915.287505 915.441795 915.596085 915.750375 915.904665 916.058955 916.213245 916.367535 916.521825 916.676115 916.830405 916.984695 917.138985 917.293275 917.447565 917.601855 917.756145 917.910435 918.064725 918.219015 918.373305 918.527595 918.681885 918.836175 918.990465 919.144755 919.299045 919.453335 919.607625 919.761915 919.916205 920.070495 920.224785 920.379075 920.533365 920.687655 920.841945 920.996235 921.150525 921.304815

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

FHSS; FCC requires a minimum of 50 channels to be in use at any given time.







Network - VLANs

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

902.353555 902.560665 902.767775 902.974885 903.181995 903.389105 903.596215 903.803325 904.010435 904.217545 904.424655 904.631765 904.838875 905.045985 905.253095 905.460205 905.667315 905.874425 906.081535 906.288645 906.495755 906.702865 906.909975 907.117085 907.324195 907.531305 907.738415 907.945525 908.152635 908.359745 908.566855

32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62

908.773965 908.981075 909.188185 909.395295 909.602405 909.809515 910.016625 910.223735 910.430845 910.637955 910.845065 911.052175 911.259285 911.466395 911.673505 911.880615 912.087725 912.294835 912.501945 912.709055 912.916165 913.123275 913.330385 913.537495 913.744605 913.951715 914.158825 914.365935 914.573045 914.780155 914.987265

63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93

915.194375 915.401485 915.608595 915.815705 916.022815 916.229925 916.437035 916.644145 916.851255 917.058365 917.265475 917.472585 917.679695 917.886805 918.093915 918.301025 918.508135 918.715245 918.922355 919.129465 919.336575 919.543685 919.750795 919.957905 920.165015 920.372125 920.579235 920.786345 920.993455 921.200565 921.407675

94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123

921.614785 921.821895 922.029005 922.236115 922.443225 922.650335 922.857445 923.064555 923.271665 923.478775 923.685885 923.892995 924.100105 924.307215 924.514325 924.721435 924.928545 925.135655 925.342765 925.549875 925.756985 925.964095 926.171205 926.378315 926.585425 926.792535 926.999645 927.206755 927.413865 927.620975

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security

FHSS; FCC requires a minimum of 50 channels to be in use at any given time.

- AES







Network - VLANs

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

902.404985 902.714955 903.024925 903.334895 903.644865 903.954835 904.264805 904.574775 904.884745 905.194715 905.504685 905.814655 906.124625 906.434595 906.744565 907.054535 907.364505 907.674475 907.984445 908.294415 908.604385

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 26 37 38 39 40 41 42

908.914355 909.224325 909.534295 909.844265 910.154235 910.464205 910.774175 911.084145 911.394115 911.704085 912.014055 912.324025 912.633995 912.943965 913.253935 913.563905 913.873875 914.183845 914.493815 914.803785 915.113755

43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63

915.423725 915.733695 916.043665 916.353635 916.663605 916.973575 917.283545 917.593515 917.903485 918.213455 918.523425 918.833395 919.143365 919.453335 919.763305 920.073275 920.383245 920.693215 921.003185 921.313155 921.623125

64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82

921.933095 922.243065 922.553035 922.863005 923.172975 923.482945 923.792915 924.102885 924.412855 924.722825 925.032795 925.342765 925.652735 925.962705 926.272675 926.582645 926.892615 927.202585 927.512555

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

FHSS; FCC requires a minimum of 50 channels to be in use at any given time. 663 2FSK (DTS) – 26 channels with 900 kHz channel spacing / bandwidth.


Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

903.350000 904.250000 905.150000 906.050000 906.950000 907.850000 908.750000

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

909.650000 910.550000 911.450000 912.350000 913.250000 914.150000 915.050000

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

915.950000 916.850000 917.750000 918.650000 919.550000 920.450000 921.350000

22 23 24 25 26

922.250000 923.150000 924.050000 924.950000 925.850000

DTS has no restrictions on the minimum number of channels. 884 BPSK (DTS) – 20 channels with 1.2 MHz channel spacing / bandwidth.

Quick Start Guide

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

1 2 3 4 5

903.500000 904.700000 905.900000 907.100000 908.300000

6 7 8 9 10

909.500000 910.700000 911.900000 913.100000 914.300000

11 12 13 14 15

915.500000 916.700000 917.900000 919.100000 920.300000

16 17 18 19 20

921.500000 922.700000 923.900000 925.100000 926.300000

DTS has no restrictions on the minimum number of channels.

How to Section





1768 QPSK (DTS) – 20 channels with 1.2 MHz channel spacing / bandwidth.

Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

1 2 3 4 5

903.500000 904.700000 905.900000 907.100000 908.300000

6 7 8 9 10

909.500000 910.700000 911.900000 913.100000 914.300000

11 12 13 14 15

915.500000 916.700000 917.900000 919.100000 920.300000

16 17 18 19 20

921.500000 922.700000 923.900000 925.100000 926.300000



- Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table

2651 8PSK (DTS) – 20 channels with 1.2 MHz channel spacing / bandwidth. Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

1 2 3 4 5

903.500000 904.700000 905.900000 907.100000 908.300000

6 7 8 9 10

909.500000 910.700000 911.900000 913.100000 914.300000

11 12 13 14 15

915.500000 916.700000 917.900000 919.100000 920.300000

16 17 18 19 20

921.500000 922.700000 923.900000 925.100000 926.300000


- ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization

3535 16QAM (DTS) – 20 channels and 1.2 MHz channel spacing / bandwidth.


Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

1 2 3 4 5

903.500000 904.700000 905.900000 907.100000 908.300000

6 7 8 9 10

909.500000 910.700000 911.900000 913.100000 914.300000

11 12 13 14 15

915.500000 916.700000 917.900000 919.100000 920.300000

16 17 18 19 20

921.500000 922.700000 923.900000 925.100000 926.300000


3535 16PSK (DTS) – 20 channels with 1.2 MHz channel spacing / bandwidth. Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

Ch

Freq (MHz)

1 2 3 4 5

903.500000 904.700000 905.900000 907.100000 908.300000

6 7 8 9 10

909.500000 910.700000 911.900000 913.100000 914.300000

11 12 13 14 15

915.500000 916.700000 917.900000 919.100000 920.300000

16 17 18 19 20

921.500000 922.700000 923.900000 925.100000 926.300000


DTS has no restrictions on the minimum number of channels. 45 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Transmit Power ISM Transmit Power is set in milli-Watts from 10 - 1000mW (10 – 30 dBm).

- VLANs - Interface Settings

mW can be converted to dBm using this online calculator.

- Static Routes

Caution

Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings

RF performance is often more problematic at higher RSSI levels. When the Transmit Power is set too high, the receiving Radio RSSI may be too high and the overall noise floor in the area will increase.

- Network Settings Serial

Transmit Power should be tuned to provide enough SNR on the receiving Radio.

- Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics

Please refer to the RSSI and Sensitivity & Minimum SNR per Modulation sections. When lab testing with the optional 0dBi “rubber duck” antenna it is recommended to install 20dB coaxial attenuators and adjust the transmit power to 50-100 mW.

- RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table

Hop Pattern FHSS (less than 633kbps); the Hop Pattern should be set to 1, which creates a pseudo random hopping sequence through the available channels.

- Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP

DTS (633kbps and above); the Hop Pattern may be set from 0 to 9. Note: A Hop Pattern of 0 can only be used with DTS modulations because it fixes the frequency to a single channel. A Hop Pattern of 2-9 is a uniform step through the available channels as follows: 2: Every other available channel

Security - AES

3: Every 3rd available channel 4: Every 4th available channel 5: Every 5th available channel And so on.






Transmit Rates


AP Transmit Rate In a PTP network the Access Point Transmit Rate works in the same way as the End Point Transmit Rates and will adjust speed based on signal quality. In a PTMP network the ISM Access Point Transmit Rate is fixed to a single modulation; the one limiting factor in a PTMP network is that all remote End Point Radios must be able to receive the Access Point, therefore the Access Point must transmit at a rate suitable for the furthest remote End Point to receive.

- Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

ISM Access Point Transmit Rate selection also depends on the amount of data that needs to be moved from the Access Point Radio to the End Point Radio(s) and end device(s). In SCADA applications where small poll requests are sent from Access Point to End Point, the Access Point Transmit Rate can be set to a slower modulation.

- Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security

EP Transmit Rates The ISM End Point Transmit Rates may be set with multiple selections known as MultiSpeed Multi-Point (MSMP). The Radio will start operation at the lowest speed and, if successful, will increase to the next selected speed, so the Radio dynamically changes the data rate based upon signal quality measurements.

- AES

The advantage of this is to allow Radios that have a good RF connection to maintain a highspeed link to the Access Point while Radios on the same network that have a poor RF connection can maintain a link at a slower data rate without penalizing the “good link” Radios. XetaWave recommends selecting a max of FOUR consecutive End Point Transmit Rates. The available modulations range from the FHSS modes of 57 kbps – 229 kbps to the DTS modes of 663 kbps – 3535 kbps. The primary difference between the modes is the bandwidth of the signal and the required strength of signal received at the Radio.


As a general rule, when the data rate increases, the sensitivity of the Radio decreases and therefore the required signal strength at the receiving Radio must increase to maintain the appropriate margin. 47 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




RSSI

Network

With the options of exceptional sensitivity and fast, complex modulations in one product it is important to consider the input signal level (RSSI) of the receiving radio to ensure that it’s not too low and not too high.

- VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules

Slower less complex modulations have better sensitivity, require a smaller minimum SNR and will therefore operate at a lower RSSI offering greater effective range.

- Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings

Faster more complex modulations have less sensitivity, require a larger minimum SNR and will therefore operate at a higher RSSI offering less effective range.

Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics

The RSSI scale below indicates the various receive signal levels in dBm and how they relate to the sensitivity levels of each modulation. Strong signals are often more problematic than weaker signals and should be tuned if above -50 to -45dBm.

- RF Ping

MAS Receiver Sensitivity Levels (dBm)

- RF Throughput

12.5 kHz


25kHz -115 @ 19kbps MSK

50kHz

-114 @ 10kbps MSK -112 @ 39kbps MSK

- Forwarding Table -110 @ 36kbps QPSK

- Route Table

-108 @ 23kbps QPSK

- ARP Table

-106 @ 19kbps 4FSK

-106 @ 71kbps QPSK -104 @ 52kbps 8PSK -103 @ 39kbps 4FSK

- Serial Statistics -101 @ 34kbps 8PSK


-101 @ 101kbps 8PSK

Management

-100 @ 70kbps 16QAM -97 @ 45kbps 16QAM

- Administration

-97 @ 137kbps 16QAM -96 @ 87kbps 32QAM

- Files

-93 @ 175kbps 32QAM -91 @ 57kbps 32QAM

- SNMP

-90 @ 105kbps 64QAM -84 @ 210kbps 64QAM

Security - AES

Too Weak -120

-110

Weak -100

-90

Normal -80

-70

-60

Strong -50

-75 @ 3535kbps 16PSK -83 @ 4419kbps 32QAM -86 @ 3535kbps 16QAM -91 @ 2651kbps 8PSK -98 @ 1768kbps QPSK -101 @ 884kbps BPSK -101 @ 663kbps 2FSK -105 @ 229kbps MSK -108 @ 153kbps MSK -109 @ 114kbps MSK -111 @ 57kbps MSK

-40

Too Strong -30

-20

RSSI (dBm)

ISM Receiver Sensitivity Levels (dBm)






Sensitivity & Minimum SNR per Modulation

Network

The table below lists the sensitivity levels of each modulation in addition to the minimum recommended SNR for optimum performance.


ISM Modulation

MAS

Sensitivity

Min SNR

Modulation

Ch Size

Sensitivity

Min SNR

(dBm)

(dB)

(kHz)

(dBm)

(dB)

57 MSK 1

-111

10

10 MSK

12.5

-114

14

114 MSK 1

-109

9

19 4FSK

12.5

-106

22

Serial

153 MSK 1

-108

9

23 QPSK

12.5

-108

20


229 MSK 1

-105

10

34 8PSK

12.5

-101

27

- Serial Services

663 2FSK 1

-101

9

45 16QAM

12.5

-97

31

884 BPSK 1

-101

7

57 32QAM

12.5

-91

37

1768 QPSK 1

-98

11

19 MSK

25

-115

15

2651 8PSK 1

-91

18

39 4FSK

25

-103

22

3535 16QAM

-86

23

36 QPSK

25

-110

15

3535 16PSK

-75

34

52 8PSK

25

-104

21

4419 32QAM

-83

25

70 16QAM

25

-100

30

87 32QAM

25

-96

34

105 64QAM

25

-90

40

39 MSK

50

-112

15

71 QPSK

50

-106

16

101 8PSK

50

-101

21

- SNMP

137 16QAM

50

-97

25

Security

175 32QAM

50

-93

34

- AES

210 64QAM

50

-84

43

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings

Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization

1 Xeta9x-EL

Management

ISM only.

- Administration

The quoted sensitivity levels are based on a BER of 10-4

- Files

“Emancipator +”;






Radio/Network Settings


Description


Description is a user-definable name to permit easier identification with the RF Module frequency, network segment or RF Link.

- Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security

Network Type Network Type defines the network topology; Point to Point or Point to Multi-Point. Point to Point (PTP) A PTP network consists of two radios; Access Point (AP) and End Point (EP) that can only communicate with each other. The Access Point sends a beacon message to the End Point, which then responds. PTP

- AES

Access Point

End Point

Data may be transferred in either direction. Data transfer speeds can be manipulated using the Max Payload Bytes and Dynamic Payload settings.

Quick Start Guide

When set to PTP with multiple End Point Transmit Rates selected, both radios will be fixed to the highest End Point Transmit Rate. The Access Point Transmit Rate will also be fixed to the same speed/modulation. Refer to the How to set up a PTP Link section for configuration information.

How to Section





Point to Multi-Point (PTMP) A Point to Multi-Point network consists of one Access Point and many End Points. The Access Point sends a beacon message to the End Points, which then respond.

- Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings

PTMP

- RF Settings

End Point

- Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services End Point

Diagnostics Access Point

- Neighbor List

End Point

- RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management

Data may be transferred in either direction. Data transfer speeds can be manipulated using the Max Payload Bytes and Dynamic Payload settings. Refer to the How to set up a PTMP Network section for configuration information. CSMA Peer to Peer A CSMA Peer to Peer network consists of multiple Access Points and no End Points fixed to a single licensed frequency/channel. CSMA Peer to Peer is made possible by having a routed network.


Quick Start Guide

Access Point

Access Point

Access Point

Access Point

Access Points monitor the channel for utilization and will only attempt to transmit when they have data to send, and only if the channel is clear. If another Access Point is transmitting, the Access Point wishing to transmit will wait.

How to Section





Network Role

Network

Network Role can be one of the following…

- VLANs - Interface Settings

-

Access Point; initiates contact/communication with End Point/Repeating End Point. The Access Point is the Radio that is normally connected to the Enterprise or backhaul system where access to the Radio system occurs. Downstream Radios such as End Point’s and Repeating End Points connect to the Access Point.

-

End Point; waits for an Access Point radio to initiate communication. The End Point Radio that is connected to the end devices in the field.

-

Repeating End Point; waits for an Access Point radio to initiate communication. This role only applies to a Xeta9-EL in combination with the Enable Repeaters setting and allows an End Point to act as a store and forward Repeater.

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security

Enable Repeaters This setting is required on the Access Point only and creates a timeslot for Store and Forward Repeater mode.

Network Address Network Address is a unique identifier that defines a group of communicating radios. The Network Address can range from 1 to 65535.

Device ID Device ID is a unique number that identifies the radio on the RF network. Each radio on a network, as defined by the Network Address, is required to have a unique ID in a similar way to IP addresses on an Ethernet network. The Device ID settings allows for configuration of data paths throughout the network.

- AES

The Device ID is an integral part of troubleshooting with the RF Ping and RF Throughput utilities. The Device ID can range from 1 to 65534 and may be reused on different networks.

Link-with Device ID For both PTP and PTMP networks, the Link-with Device ID on the End Point Radio should be the Device ID of the Access Point Radio that the End Point is required to communicate with.


For PTP networks only, the Link-with Device ID should be the Device ID of the End Point radio that the Access Point is required to communicate with. The Link-with Device ID can range from 1 to 65534. 52 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Network Radius

Network

Network Radius is the physical line-of-sight distance between two radios. It can be configured in Miles (miles) or Kilometers (km) and has an effect on transmission timing.


-

Setting the Network Radius larger than the actual link is acceptable.

-

Setting the Network Radius smaller than the actual link may cause the radios to stop operating.


-

- Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services

Network Radius must be identical in ALL radios within a network; o

PTP network; set the Network Radius in both radios as the link distance.

o

PTMP network; set the Network Radius in ALL radios to the longest link in the network.

o

MMS network; set the Network Radius in ALL radios to longest link within the entire network.

- Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP

Beacon Rate Beacon Rate sets the number of transmission slots the Access Point Radio may skip if it has nothing to transmit/acknowledge. The setting can range from 1 to 15. When set to 1, if there is no data to send after a successful transmit and if there is no End Point remote data to acknowledge, the Access Point will not transmit for that time slot and will resume transmitting the second time slot. This feature helps to reduce the amount of RF noise in an environment when there is no benefit of the transmission.

Security - AES

As the Beacon Rate is increased, several things happen… -

The XMIT LED on the Access Point and the RCV LED on the End Point start to blink. The higher the Beacon Rate the slower the blinking.

-

Traffic on the link slows down; a basic ping test at various settings shows increased turnaround time as the Beacon Rate is increased.

-

With slower modulations, if the Beacon Rate is increased too much the link will go down.






AP Repeat

Network

Access Point Repeat sets the maximum number of times the Access Point will repeat a transmit packet in the absence of an acknowledgement from the remote unit. This is only applicable for a Point-to-Multi-Point network.


If set to 3 the Access Point will repeat a packet up to three times unless the remote unit acknowledges receipt at which time the Access Point will move to the next packet.

- Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services

The default setting is 0. Broadcast Broadcast defines the AP Repeat for Broadcast traffic.


Addressed Addressed defines the AP Repeat for Addressed traffic.

- RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES






Multi-Master Sync (MMS)

Network

Network B Hop Offset: 1

- VLANs

Network A (includes Backbone #1) Hop Offset: 0



- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules



Serial

- Serial Services

e# on kb c Ba

Diagnostics

- RF Ping - RF Throughput

SyncPipe

- Neighbor List

End Point(s)

End Point(s)

P TM


- RF Diagnostics

PTMP Access #B

P Ac cess #A

- Network Settings

1 R2: End Point

End Point(s)

R1: Access Point B


e #2 Backbon

1PPS

PT

Backbone #2

Access Point A

M

R2: End Point

P

PT


M s#

1PPS

- ARP Table

Access Point C

- Serial Statistics End Point(s)

Network D (includes Backbone #2) Hop Offset: 3

Management


Network E Hop Offset: 4

End Point(s)


End Point(s)

R1: Access Point E

#D

R1: Access Point D

C

- Route Table

Ac ce ss

R2: End Point

es cc PA

- Forwarding Table

- Administration

PTMP Access #E

Network C (includes Backbone #2) Hop Offset: 2 Hop 1: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 2: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 3: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 4: XMIT/RCV on Channel Hop 5: XMIT/RCV on Channel

9 15 1 7 3



7 3 9 15 1

3 9 15 1 7

Hop Pattern: 1 (pseudorandom)

MMS is a timing feature that allows multiple Access Point radios in co-located networks and/or interconnected sub-networks to synchronize transmit and receive times to prevent self-interference. Dividing the 902-928 MHz ISM Band is not required since each Access Point in the network is timed to precisely and simultaneously transmit using different frequency channels. The respective End Points respond to their Access Points on the same channels before the entire system hops and the process continues.

Caution Quick Start Guide How to Section

MMS should be configured with FHSS modulati0ns 57 MSK, 114 MSK, 153 MSK & 229 MSK OR DTS modulations 884 BPSK, 1768 QPSK, 2651 8PSK, 3535 16QAM and 3535 16PSK. It is not recommended to mix FHSS and DTS modulations. 55 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Whether FHSS or DTS modulations are used, the following radio settings that affect transmission timing must be the SAME in ALL radios within ALL sub-networks in the system;

- VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings

- Frequency Band and Excluded Frequencies - Hop Pattern (1 is recommended for MMS) - Access Point Transmit Rate - End Point Transmit Rate(s) - Max Payload Bytes - Network Type; PTP or PTMP - Network Radius


MMS may operate in one of three modes; 1. Generate; the system Access Point internally “generates” the 1Hz timing signal for all other radios in the network(s).


2. External; a 1PPS “external” trigger signal from a GPS receiver is used to synchronize the 1Hz timing signal for all other radios in the network(s). See IO Connections for wiring info.

- Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Access Point Specific Settings Generate When the Access Point radio is set to Generate, it will internally generate a timing signal that can be used in two ways; 1. For timing downstream radios in any number of interconnected sub-networks. 2. For timing a co-located Access Point (and any number of interconnected subnetworks downstream of that Access Point).

Co-located Access Points 2-2 4-4

Access Point A

Access Point B

“Generate”

“External”

If co-locating Access Points connect Pin2 – Pin2 and Pin4 – Pin4 so that one Access Point will “generate” the timing signal and the other will receive it on the MMS Pins of the External IO connector. Quick Start Guide How to Section





External Use of a 1PPS (one pulse-per-second) external trigger for MMS requires a GPS receiver capable of providing a 1PPS signal to the IO connector on the side of the radio.

- Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio

XetaWave has experience with the SyncPipe Deluxe from PacketFlux Technologies, which is also used in this manner for Cambium synchronization.


Either of the RJ12 – Sync ports can be used, with cable pinouts and wiring as follows;

- RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics

RJ12 – Sync RJ45 – Power RJ12 - Sync

- Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics

RJ12 (6P6C)

4: GND 2: MMS

1…..6

- Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security

RJ12 Pin # 1

Signal Pinout 1PPS GPS Sync

Connect to MMS Pin # 2

2-4

Not connected

-

Ground

4

6

- AES

With 2 x Sync Ports the SyncPipe can be used to precisely trigger two co-located Access Points;

SyncPipe


2

1PPS

1PPS

4


2 4

Access Point A

Access Point B

“External”

“External”

If using a GPS device with a single 1PPS port, it’s possible to “daisy chain” the radios together Pin2 – Pin2 and Pin4 – Pin4 so that both radios are triggered simultaneously. 57 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




End Point Specific Settings When using MMS the End Point radio should always be set to Generate, irrespective of the Access Point’s MMS setting.

- Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput

Xeta9x9-EL Specific Settings When using MMS with a Xeta9x9-EL, the End Point radio that connects to an upstream Access Point should be set to Generate and the Access Point that has downstream End Points connected should be set to External; the Xeta9x9-EL has internal MMS circuitry between RF Modules that propagates the timing signal. MMS Hop Offset MMS Hop Offset is a crucial setting for MMS to operate effectively; it is this parameter that permits the frequency/channel separation between the radios in the MMS Network. The MMS Hop Offset should be set so that each of the sub-networks operate on a different channel in the hop table. For example, if there are 20 channels in the hop table (DTS: 884 BPSK upwards), setting the first radio to “0” and the second radio to “1” results in the radios transmitting on separate channels in the pseudorandom hop pattern.

- Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table

The MMS Hop Offset should match between each Access Point and their connected End Points.

- ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Access Point

Radio 1: End Point Radio 2: Access Point Hop Offset: 0

End Point(s) Hop Offset: 1

Please refer to the How to set up MMS section for more information on setting up MMS.






Max Payload Bytes

Network

Max Payload Bytes for Access Point and End Point range from 64 to 1600 Bytes. These settings are also referred to as “packet sizes”. To achieve high user data rates, larger packets and higher modulation levels are required. In one slot time, there are fixed delays that are not a function of packet size or data rate, so as more data is sent in a packet per slot time, the utilization increases.

- VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings

In noisy RF environments, small packets with faster, more complex modulation will help the Radio get on and off a channel as quickly as possible to help mitigate bit error and packet loss.


If a targeted data rate is desired, there are multiple options of packet size and modulation that will result with a similar data rate. The choice of shorter packets with more complex modulation or longer packets with simpler modulation will be determined by the noise level in the environment.


ISM – Minimum Packet Sizes with Multi-Speed Multi-Point The following table charts the smallest “Max Payload Bytes” setting when using multiple ISM End Point Transmit Rates.

- Forwarding Table

Fastest Modulation

- Route Table

MSK



Slowest Modulation

Management

MSK 2FSK BPSK QPSK 8PSK 16QAM 16PSK 32QAM

Kbps 57 114 153 229 663 884 1768 2651 3535 3535 4419

57 64

114 165 64

15 3 22 9 95 64

22 9 35 8 15 8 11 2 64

2FSK

BPSK

QPSK

8PSK

16QAM

16PSK

32QAM

663 1111 530 396 260 64

884 1492 718 539 357 97 64

1768

2561

3535

3535

4419

1118 337 240 108 64

1498 458 328 152 94 64 64

1498 458 328 152 94 64 64

1459 1101 737 217 152 64

578 416 196 122 86 86 64

1. Find the fastest desired modulation at the top of the chart. 2. Find the slowest desired modulation on the left hand side of the chart. 3. The box where the column and the row meet is the smallest packet size that must be used for both Access Point and End Point Max Payload Bytes to get a good RF connection. Quick Start Guide How to Section

4. Multiple modulations can be enabled as long as the smallest packet size corresponds to the value where the fastest and slowest modulations meet. 59 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




MAS – Minimum Packet Sizes with Multi-Speed Multi-Point The following tables chart the smallest “Max Payload Bytes” setting when using multiple MAS End Point Transmit Rates.


12.5kHz Channels

- RF Modules

MSK

- RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services

Slowest Modulation

- Band Settings


4FSK MSK QPSK 8PSK 16QA M 32QA M

- RF Ping

MSK

- Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table

Slowest Modulation

- RF Throughput

- Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration

QPSK MSK 4FSK 8PSK 16QA M 32QA M 64QA M

MSK

- AES

Slowest Modulation

- SNMP Security

Kbps 19 36 39 52 70 87 105

50kHz Channels

- Files

QPSK MSK 8PSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM

MSK 10 64

4FSK 19 153 64

QPSK 23 185 81 64

MSK 19 64

QPS K 36

4FSK 39 153 74 64

MSK 39 64

QPSK 71 136 64

8PSK 34 288 133 108 64

16QAM 45 393 185 153 94 64

32QAM 57 496 236 196 122 86 64

Fastest Modulation

25kHz Channels

- RF Diagnostics


Kbps 10 19 23 34 45 57

Fastest Modulation

Kbps 39 71 101 137 175 210

138 64

8PSK 52 210 103 90 64

16QA M 70 288 146 128 94 64

32QAM 87 366 188 165 123 86 64

Fastest Modulation 8PSK 16QAM 32QAM 101 137 175 199 281 366 99 144 191 64 97 131 64 90 64

64QAM 105 443 230 202 152 108 81 64

64QAM 210 443 233 161 112 81 64

1. Find the fastest desired modulation at the top of the chart. 2. Find the slowest desired modulation on the left hand side of the chart. 3. The box where the column and the row meet is the smallest packet size that must be used for both Access Point and End Point Max Payload Bytes to get a good RF connection. Quick Start Guide How to Section

4. Multiple modulations can be enabled as long as the smallest packet size corresponds to the value where the fastest and slowest modulations meet. 60 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Examples Example 1: ISM Fastest Modulation: 884Kbps (BPSK), Slowest Modulation 229Kbps (MSK).

- Interface Settings - Static Routes

Smallest packet size must be 357 Bytes or larger.

Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings

Example 2: ISM Modulations enabled: 2651 Kbps (8PSK), 884 Kbps (BPSK), 663 Kbps (2FSK).

- RF Settings - Network Settings

The smallest packet size must be 337 Bytes or larger.

Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services

Example 3: MAS (12.5kHz) 57Kbps (32QAM), Slowest Modulation 23Kbps (QPSK).

Diagnostics - Neighbor List

The smallest packet size must be 196 Bytes or larger.

- RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table

Example 4: ISM Fastest Modulation 2651 Kbps (8PSK), Slowest Modulation 153 Kbps (MSK). This combination of modulation modes will not work effectively.

- Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES






Dynamic Payload Dynamic Payload is a feature that allocates the unused portion of the Access Point’s timeslot to the End Point’s timeslot to increase throughput from End Point  Access Point.

- Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table

3535kbps 16QAM FBench throughput test results.

- Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES


All Radios in the network must have the same setting. MMS is not compatible. Confirm the “Beacon Rate” is set to 1, “MMS” setting is none, “MMS Hop Offset” is set to zero and the “Access Point Repeat setting” is set to 3. 62 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Transmit Prob

Network

Transmit Probability (%) is a parameter used with CSMA Peer to Peer. The minimum is 1 and the maximum is 100.


It is a “roll the dice” parameter, for example at the default setting of 25 the Radio will have a 1 in 4 chance of transmitting when the channel becomes clear.

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services

Diag Threshold The Diagnostic Threshold is the level at which the user wishes to detect noise. The radio will report 0% in the % Occupancy column on the RF Diagnostics page until it detects noise above the Diagnostic Threshold. The default setting is -81dBm.

Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics

% Occupancy indicates the % of the time the radio went to transmit on the specified frequency and the noise measured in the channel was above the Diagnostic Threshold.

- RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES






Serial/Local Serial Settings This is where the physical connection to the Serial End Device is configured. Interface type; RS232/422/485, Baud Rate, Data Bits, Parity, Stop Bits, Flow Control and RS485 Line Delays can be adjusted to suit the required application.

Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping

The default setting for Serial 1 is Data, which allows Serial Services to be configured. The default setting for Serial 2 is Login, which allows access to the CLI for configuration. Please refer to RJ45 Serial Port Pin Assignments for cabling info.

- RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Baud Rate is the speed at which the data is sent, in bits per second. Baud Rate must match between both Serial Devices in order for communications to be successful. Data bits is the number of bits in each character. This can be 7 for ASCII or 8 for most other types of data. 8 data bits = 1 byte. Parity can be used to detect errors in the data stream. Parity allows an extra data bit to be sent with each character. This extra parity bit is arranged so that the number of 1 bits in each character (including the parity bit), is always odd or always even. Errors are detected when a byte is received with the wrong number of 1’s. Stop bits sent at the end of every character allow the receiving hardware to detect the end of a character. Most Serial Devices usually require one stop bit. Flow Control can be used when the Serial Devices require the transmission of data to be paused and then resumed. RTS/CTS is hardware flow control using the RS232 RTS/CTS lines, which are turned off and on from alternate ends to control the data flow.


XON/XOFF is software flow control which uses special characters to control the flow of data. The XON/XOFF characters are sent in the opposite direction to the data so the receiving device will send the characters to the sending device. XON/XOFF flow control information is sent over the same channel used for the data, therefore eliminating the requirement for extra lines in the serial connection. 64 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Serial/Serial Services The Serial Services page is where various Serial Services can be configured and applied to the Serial Port(S). XetaWave Multi-Layer Radios support TCP Terminal Server, TCP Terminal Client and UDP Terminal.


Multiple Services can be added, but only one Service can be enabled at any given time.

- RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table

Description – allows for user identification up to a 30 character maximum. Enabled – used to select the desired service when multiple services are configured. Unchecking this setting disables the Service while retaining it in the Radio configuration.

- Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management

Connect From – defines the Ethernet configuration of the Serial Service and associated settings;


-

TCP Terminal Server TCP Terminal Client UDP Terminal

Connect To – this is the physical Serial Port that the Service will be applied to. Since Serial 2 is set to Login by default, only Serial 1 is available, unless Serial 2 is changed from Login to Data in Serial/Local Serial Settings. Click Add to create a Serial Service. Click Apply to save the Serial Service to the Radio configuration. Click Restart Serial to activate the Serial Service.






TCP Terminal Server

Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization

TCP Terminal Server permits TCP connections from a Host or TCP Terminal Client to terminate on the Serial Port interface of the Radio, therefore allowing Serial End Devices to communicate over the Ethernet Radio System. When set to Terminal Server, the user defined (TCP) Local Port number is monitored for incoming TCP connections. If the Terminal Server observes traffic on that TCP port it creates a session to open the Serial Port and pass data to the connected Serial End Device. The session will end if the Host that initiated the session terminates it, or if the Idle Timeout is reached without any traffic present on the TCP port. Message Mode should be used with Modbus or other message oriented Protocol. When set to Message Mode, the Radio waits for a pause in the Serial Data being received on the Serial Port from the End Device, i.e. the Radio waits for the End Device to finish communicating the message before transmitting the message as a whole. If the message cannot be transmitted as a whole, the Radio will break it up between transmissions and the Master will reassemble upon demodulation.

Management - Administration

Ethernet End Device

- Files - SNMP

Ethernet

Security

Ethernet

Xeta9x-LE End Point

- AES

Serial End Device Xeta9x9-EL Repeater


Polling Host

Terminal Server (Serial 1) Xeta9-EL End Point 192.168.0.3 Serial 1 TS: 4320

1. Polling Host Connects to End Point Terminal Server (Serial 1)

Terminal Server

2. Serial 1 Terminal Server passes Serial Message to connected End Device

192.168.0.3 : 4320 4. Serial 1 Terminal Server packetizes Serial Data and transmits to Polling Host as Ethernet

(Serial 1)

3. End Device responds to Serial Message with Serial Data






TCP Terminal Client

Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services

When set to TCP Terminal Client, activity on the Serial Port interface will initiate a TCP session to a Host or Terminal Server specified by the Remote IP address and Remote Port number in the configuration.


Data arriving on the Serial Port will be packetized and sent to the destination IP address and TCP port.

- RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

The session will end if the Idle Timeout is reached without any activity on the Serial Port interface. Buffer Input Trigger defines the amount of data, in Bytes, that will be held in the buffer before being packetized. The default is 1024. Idle Timeout (chars) Trigger is not currently implemented.


Message Mode should be used with Modbus or other message oriented Protocol.

- Administration Ethernet End Device

- Files - SNMP Ethernet

Security Ethernet

- AES

Xeta9x-LE End Point

Serial End Device Xeta9x9-EL Repeater


Xeta9-EL End Point 192.168.0.3 Serial 1 TC: 192.168.0.1: 4000

Polling Host

Terminal Client (Serial 1)

192.168.0.1 : 4000 Polling Host 192.168.0.1

TCP Port

Terminal Client (Serial 1)

2. Serial 1 Terminal Client initiates a session to the IP address and Port # in the TC configuration. Serial Data is packetized and transmitted to Polling Host as Ethernet

1. End Device passes Serial Data to End Point Terminal Client (Serial 1)






UDP Terminal

Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List

The User Datagram Protocol is a connectionless protocol with less overhead than TCP. Unlike TCP, UDP does NOT guarantee delivery or delivery in order. When set to UDP Terminal, activity on the Serial Port interface will instantly encapsulate the data into a UDP datagram and send to the Host or UDP Terminal specified by the Remote IP address and Remote Port number in the configuration.

- RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table

Likewise, the UDP Terminal will “listen” for UDP datagrams on the specified Port number. This means a Host may also send UDP datagrams to the Radio IP and Local Port without any prior handshaking to establish a connection. UDP datagrams arriving will be decapsulated and converted to Serial data then sent out of the Serial Port interface.

- Route Table - ARP Table

The Host must be set up the same way; Remote IP, Port and also a Local Port.

- Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management Ethernet End Device

- Administration - Files Ethernet

- SNMP

Ethernet

Xeta9x-LE End Point

Security - AES Serial End Device Xeta9x9-EL Repeater


Polling Host 192.168.0.1 Local Port: 4023 Remote IP: 192.168.0.3 Remote Port: 4322

UDP Terminal (Serial 1)

Polling Host 192.168.0.1 : 4023

UDP Port

Xeta9-EL End Point 192.168.0.3 Serial 1 UDP Terminal Local Port: 4322 Remote IP: 192.168.0.1 Remote Port: 4023

UDP Terminal (Serial 1)

UDP datagrams from Host get decapsulated and sent out of the Serial 1 interface. Serial data entering the Serial 1 interface is encapsulated then sent to the Host as UDP datagrams.






Diagnostics/Neighbor List The Neighbor List displays information about all the End Point Radios that are connected to an Access Point. The End Point Neighbor List will only show the Access Point unless the Bounce setting is enabled in the Access Point; then the End Point list will display the Neighbor End Points.

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput

Radio shows which RF Module the Neighbor is connected to. IP Address, MAC Address and Device ID can be used to identify the Neighbor Radios. Local RSSI and Local Noise represents the local RSSI and Noise measured at the Access Point for each Neighbor.


Local Age is the age of the Local RSSI and Noise measurements, which will update periodically.

- ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files

Remote RSSI, Remote Noise and Remote Tx Power are represented in dBm. Remote Age is the age of the Remote RSSI and Noise measurements, which will update periodically. Learned Age is the age at which the Neighbor was detected and populated into the list.

- SNMP Security - AES






Diagnostics/RF Diagnostics RF Diagnostics contains statistics about the Radio’s current RF Environment based on each channel/frequency in the modulations hop table.

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

Radio / PA Temp shows the current temperature the Radio / Power Amplifier in degrees C.

- Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security

Supply Voltage is the DC supply voltage of the main power connector in mV. Radio Voltage is the DC supply voltage received by the RF Module from the Ethernet board in mV. This value will differ between products. Bytes Tx is the amount of Bytes transmitted by the Radio.

- AES

Bytes Rx is the amount of Bytes received by the Radio. Tx Rate and Rx Rate are the instantaneous rates of how fast data is moving. Cur Rx Percent is the current communications success rate. The Freq column specifies the channel frequency. Refer to Hop Tables for channel frequencies per modulation.


When assessing Noise, look at “Average” as opposed to “Max”. ISM Noise levels vary depending on how many radio systems are in the vicinity and how their hopping pattern and timing parameters are configured. ISM is License Free which makes it a popular choice and although most systems use hopping technology to coexist in the same spectrum, noise can become an issue in high traffic areas with multiple overlaid systems. 70 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Sampling the noise floor at various locations on a prospective network is something that XetaWave recommends as part of the link design process. The more the system designer knows about the RF environment, the better engineered the system can be.


Caution

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings

Installing radio systems without sampling the noise floor can, in some cases, lead to unexpected performance. XetaWave recommends sampling the noise floor or at least making an allowance for a higher than expected noise floor in the link budget.


When assessing Signal look at the “Average” as opposed to “Max”. Consult the RSSI scale to ensure the Signal isn’t too weak or too strong; see how to tune RSSI.


Fwd-Pwr is the output transmit power of the radio and should represent the transmit power setting Radio/RF Settings.

- RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics

Reverse Pwr is the reflected power coming back into the radio from the transmission system and should be =<10% of Fwd-Pwr.

- Forwarding Table

Caution

- Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics

High Rev-Pwr indicates elevated VSWR, which usually means damaged coax, a faulty connector or water ingress (either in the coax or connector).


Coaxial connectors, coaxial cables, antennas and then the radio should be checked.

- Administration

.


% Occupancy indicates the % of the time the radio went to transmit on the specified frequency and the noise measured was above the Diagnostic Threshold.

- AES

PA Current is the current being drawn by the Power Amplifier, in mA.






Diagnostics/RF Ping The RF Ping Utility enables the direct testing of connectivity and signal quality between an Access Point and a remote End Point. The test can be initiated from either side of the link.

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping

Enter the Device ID for the Radio on the opposing end of the link and press Ping. Note: when using this utility on a Xeta9x9-EL it is necessary to select which Source Radio (RF Module) to use for the test.

- RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table

Once the test is initiated the Radio will attempt one “ping” at the RF protocol level. This is not the same pings as ICMP; they are strictly at the RF level.

- Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files

Each successful ping will report signal and noise information for both the local and remote Radios at opposing ends of the link. The RF Ping Utility provides users with a diagnostic tool that can be used to:  




Verify that a remote End Point can be heard by the Access Point. Verify a specific End Point is connected to the Access Point and able to communicate. Obtain signal information at the Access Point for a specific link.

Clear can be used to remove previous test results from the page. Radio ID is the ID of the opposing Radio. Name is the Description given to the RF Module of the opposing Radio in Radio/Network Settings. Signal and Noise levels are reported in dBm.






Diagnostics/RF Throughput The RF Throughput Utility enables the direct testing of link performance between an Access Point and a remote End Point. The test can be initiated from either side of the link.

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table

Enter the Device ID for the radio on the opposing end of the link. Set the test for:  Transmit Only; i.e. from the local Radio to the remote Radio only.  Receive Only; i.e. from the remote Radio to the local Radio only.  Bi-directional; i.e. from local to remote and remote to local. Enter a Test Duration in seconds and press the Test button.


Note: when using this utility on a Xeta9x9-EL it is necessary to select which RF Module to use for the test.


Once initiated the link will be saturated with test packets at the RF protocol level. The link will be temporarily unavailable to normal Ethernet traffic during the test. Each successful test will report Transmit and Receive throughput, in kbps, for both the local and remote Radios at opposing ends of the link. Faster modulations and larger packet sizes produce more throughput. Note: RF throughput will be less than the RF Data Rate due to RF protocol overhead, but higher than TCP throughput due to TCP protocol overhead. Dropped Packets may indicate elevated noise levels at one or both sites. In a noisy environment, reducing the packet size (Max Payload Bytes) and using a faster modulation can help the Radio get on and off channels quicker, increasing effective throughput. Clear can be used to remove previous test results from the page.






Diagnostics/Network Statistics Network Statistics is split into two tables, both offering diagnostic information relating to Ethernet functionality; LAN and Wireless.

LAN

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services

Interface represents the interface; Ethernet 1, Ethernet 2, RF Module1, RF Module2 or any VLAN that might be configured.

Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization

Rx Bytes indicates the amount of data received on the Interface. Rx Packets indicates the number of Layer 2 Ethernet Frames received on the Interface. Rx Errors indicates the number of errors logged while receiving on the Interface. This would typically result from a cabling issue or a formatting issue such as a switch configured to send “jumbo-frames” that are too large for the radio to interpret. Rx Dropped indicates the number of received packets dropped. Errors logged here would result from a “speed overrun” where the input queue becomes full and needs to drop incoming frames because there is no room in input buffers.

Management - Administration

Tx Bytes represents the amount of data transmitted on the Interface.


Tx Packets represents the amount of packets transmitted on the Interface. Tx Errors represents the number of errors logged when transmitting on the Interface. Errors logged here would result from a collision in situations where a hub was used instead of a switch and more than one device attempted to transmit simultaneously. Tx Dropped indicates the number of transmitted packets dropped. For a RF Module this can indicate that the buffer is full, so the Ethernet board will






Wireless

Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio

Radio represents the RF Module; 1 or 2 (Xeta9x9-EL).

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial

Tx Bytes represents the amount of data transmitted by the RF Module. Tx Frames represents the amount of Ethernet Frames transmitted by the RF Module. Rx Bytes represents the amount of data received by the RF Module.

- Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping

Rx Headers represents the number of RF Headers received by the RF Module. Headers are part of the XetaWave OTA protocol and are not part of the Ethernet Frame. Headers are used to encapsulate Ethernet frames over the air. Since Ethernet Frames can be broken up into fragments depending on the RF packet size, there can be more Headers than actual Ethernet Frames.

- RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table

Rx Frames indicates how many Ethernet Frames have been received by the RF Module. Rx Header CRC Errors indicates the amount of CRC errors detected during receive. Rx Frags Out of Order represents fragmented Ethernet Frames that arrived out of order.

- Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management

Rx Frag Length Errors represents the fragmented Ethernet Frame being received with a different length and is usually the result of fragments being lost over the air.


Rx Frame CRC Errors indicates how many CRC errors have been detected receiving the Layer 2 Ethernet Frame. Rx Frame Age Errors indicates errors with age of the Ethernet Frame being received, usually a result of excessive time taken for a missing fragment to arrive, where the Radio will give up and drop the pieces of the Frame that have been received. Rx Frames Out of Order indicates Layer 2 Ethernet Frames being received out of order. Rx Frame Length Errors indicates the Ethernet Frame has been received with a different length and is usually caused by fragments being lost over the air. Since a Frame can have multiple fragments this identifies how many Frames have encountered a problem. Rx Frames Own Src MAC directly relates to the “Bounce” setting and is the number of Frames transmitted by an End Point that have been bounced by the Access Point. The End Point needs to detect and drop these Frames to prevent Ethernet protocol issues.


Rx Frames Control is a count of control messages sent between the RF Module and the Ethernet board. 75 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Diagnostics/Forwarding Table The Forwarding Table is a dynamic table that maps device MAC addresses to ports/interfaces on the Radio. It is used to identify the forwarding port/interface that the input port/interface should forward an Ethernet frame.

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization

The Forwarding Table exists on the Data Link Layer of the OSI Model and contains the Ethernet packet as well as source and destination MAC addresses. When the Radio receives an Ethernet frame with a destination address in the Forwarding Table, it sends the frame out of the port/interface stored in the Forwarding Table.

Management - Administration - Files

The first time the Radio sees the MAC address, it treats the frame as a broadcast and sends it out of all active ports/interfaces except for the interface where the frame was received.


Without a Forwarding Table, all Ethernet frames received by the Radio would be sent out of all other ports (including RF Modules, which would eat up RF bandwidth). The Forwarding Table allows the Radio to send an Ethernet frame only out of the port/interface where the destination device is located. Local designates whether the MAC address is contained within the Radio. Age designates how much time has passed since the MAC address was resolved.






Diagnostics/Route Table The Route Table lists the Static Routes that have been configured in the Radio.

- Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table

Interface is the outgoing port/interface the Radio will use when forwarding a packet to destination subnet or next hop. Destination is the subnet of the packet’s final destination. Gateway is the destination interface that the Routed packet is sent to.

- ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files

Flags define the status of the Route;  

U signifies that the Route is up. G signifies that the route is to a Gateway; if this flag is missing then the Route is to a directly connected destination and no Gateway is required (0.0.0.0).







Diagnostics/ARP Table Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol used for resolving IPV4 addresses to a physical hardware address (MAC) that are recognized on the local network. IPV4 addresses are Layer 3 (Network), whereas MAC addresses are Layer 2 (Data Link).

Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings

The ARP Table is used to maintain correlation between physical MAC addresses and their corresponding IPV4 addresses.


The table shows the resolved IP Address, status Flags, HW Address (MAC) and the Device it can be reached from. In the case of a Bridged system, the Device will be the VLAN.

Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table

In the case of a Routed system, the Device will be the interface.

- Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Flags indicate if the mac address has been learned (complete), or remains incomplete.  

0x0 incomplete 0x2 complete






Diagnostics/Serial Statistics Serial Statistics provides information on who is connected to the currently running Serial Service.

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services

IP Rx Bytes indicates how much TCP data has been successfully transmitted on the Ethernet side of the Serial Service. Serial Tx Bytes indicates how much serial data has left the Serial port.

- Serial Services Diagnostics

Serial Rx Bytes indicates the amount of data received on the Serial port.

- Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table

IP Tx Bytes indicates how much TCP data has been successfully transmitted on the Ethernet side of the Serial Service. Connected represents the IP address and Port # of the remote device that’s connected; on a flat network this could be the polling host. On a routed network this would be the upstream router interface.

- ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES






Diagnostics/Channel Utilization

Network - VLANs

CSMA Peer to Peer is a licensed MAS system that uses a fixed frequency channel for ALL radios in the network.


Radios can talk directly to each other and don’t rely on a single Access Point to control communications.

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings

ALL Radio’s in the CSMA Peer to Peer network are configured as an Access Point so it’s important to have a diagnostic feature that provides visibility of channel usage.

- Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services

Channel Utilization is provides this visibility over a history of 320 seconds or just over 5 minutes.


The Percent column represents the channel utilization at that particular point in time.







Management/Administration Connection to the Web Interface through HTTPS and basic authentication, requires a Username and Password when a connection is established. The default username is: admin (which cannot be changed due to security).

Radio - RF Modules

The default password is: admin


Password changes are made by entering/confirming the new Password and clicking Apply.

- Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management

Reboot Device simply reboots the Radio without changing any configuration parameters.

- Administration - Files

Reset to factory defaults returns the device to default settings.

- SNMP

Caution

Security - AES

Resetting to factory defaults modifies both the Network and Radio settings, making it possible to lose connectivity to the device via the RF Link and/or Ethernet Port. Password changes are NOT reset to default.

The default Network/Interfaces configuration is Bridged Mode with a VLAN1 IP address of 192.168.0.3






The default Radio/RF Settings are as follows.

Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table

The default Radio/Network Settings are as follows.

- Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES

Current boot partition allows the Radio to boot from one of two boot partitions. This allows new Firmware to be installed on one partition while keeping the previous version on the other.

Quick Start Guide

Enable Discovery allows the Radio to be discovered with the XetaWave Ethernet Finder Tool.

How to Section





Management/Files XetaWave Multi-Layer Radios have built in File Management. Updates to Operating System, RF Module Firmware and Configuration Files are managed here.

- Static Routes Radio

OS allows updated images or patches to be uploaded to the Radio, downloaded from the Radio, deleted from the Radio or Applied to the current Boot Partition.

- RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial

Radio allows updated RF Module code to be uploaded to the Radio, downloaded from the Radio, deleted from the Radio or Applied to the RF Module(s).

- Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping

Configuration allows configuration files to be generated from the current configuration, uploaded to the Radio, downloaded from the Radio, deleted from the Radio or Applied.

- RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization

XetaWave CLI Text Based Configuration Files allow for easy configuration and management;






User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput - Network Statistics - Forwarding Table - Route Table - ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management - Administration - Files - SNMP Security - AES





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Main Network - VLANs - Interface Settings - Static Routes Radio - RF Modules

Management/SNMP XetaWave Multi-Layer Radios support SNMP V1/V2 and V3. V1/V2 requires the use of the Read Only Community String unless the SNMP Manager is required to make changes to the Radio, in which case the Read Write Community String is also required. Trap Host IP’s are necessary if the Radio is to send traps when Alarm conditions are met.

- Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings

V3 requires the use of a Username, Authentication Password and Privacy Password. Trap Host IP’s are necessary if the Radio is to send traps when Alarm conditions are met.


An independent SNMP Manager is required to use this feature, such as OpenNMS, Solarwinds etc. MIB files can be obtained by contacting [email protected]


Trigger can be set to “level” to enable SNMP for the desired traps. Alarm Above sets the upper limit at which the Radio will alarm and generate the trap notification once exceeded by the Min Fault Time. Alarm Below sets the lower level at which the Radio will alarm and generate the trap notification once exceeded by the Min Fault Time. Quick Start Guide How to Section

Min Fault Time is the time, in seconds, that an alarm limit must be exceeded before generating a trap notification. 85 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Security/AES To enable AES Encryption, choose AES128 or AES256 and check Enabled on ALL radios in the network.

- Static Routes Radio - RF Modules - Band Settings - RF Settings - Network Settings Serial - Local Serial Services - Serial Services Diagnostics - Neighbor List - RF Diagnostics - RF Ping - RF Throughput

Entering a Key is optional since the Radios will communicate with a zeroized key.


AES128 - If desired, the key should be entered in hex (4bits per character) as a 32 character string. Dashes may be used to separate each 8 character sequence, but will be ignored.

- ARP Table - Serial Statistics - Channel Utilization Management

AES256 - If desired, the key should be entered in hex (4bits per character) as a 64 character string. Dashes may be used to separate each 8 character sequence, but will be ignored.

- Administration - Files - SNMP Security

If the key is valid, “Key Entry Active” will change to “Key Entry Valid”

- AES

Generate Random Key will create a random key, which should be copied to a text file for use with to other Radios. Generate Key from Passphrase will generate a key from a text string of choice, which makes it easier for the average human to remember.

Caution Quick Start Guide

The Key must be the same on ALL radios in the network. If the Key is mismatched, the Radio LED’s will appear to be linked but the Radios will NOT pass Ethernet traffic

How to Section




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Quick Start Guide Configuring the Radio Obtaining an Unknown IP Address Accessing the User Interface Network VLANs Interface Settings Static Routes Radio Band Settings RF Settings Network Settings Adjusting Radio Settings Modulation Payload Bytes Transmit Power Best Settings For

Quick Start Guide This Quick Start Guide is aimed at gaining access to the User Interface, then setting up communications between 1 x Access Point and 1 x End Point. Configuration files are also available to set up PTP, PTMP and CSMA Peer to Peer test networks.

Configuring the Radio The default IP address of all XetaWave Multi-Layer Radios is 192.168.0.3. 1. Connect a standard Ethernet cable into an Ethernet port on the Radio. 2. Connect the other end to the LAN port on your PC. 3. Open the web browser of your preference and type https://192.168.0.3 into the URL box to connect to the User Interface. If the connection times out, there are two common issues. 1. Computer is on a different subnet. 2. The radios IP address has been changed. To troubleshoot these issues open a Command Prompt Window and type ipconfig.

Speed & Throughput Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed

This will give you the IP address of your computer, which should be in the same subnet (192.168.0.X) as the Radio in order to communicate with the Radio;

High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity

The Computer and the Radio should have unique IP addresses. Note: If using a routed network, confirm that the port on your managed switch / router is configured to the correct subnet.

Main Menu How to Section




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Quick Start Guide

Obtaining an Unknown IP Address

Configuring the Radio

The IP address of the Radio can be changed by the user at any time. It is also possible to assign different IP addresses to each interface; Eth1, Eth2, Radio1, Radio2. If the IP address of the Radio is unknown, the SERIAL2 CLI can be used to either discover the IP or default the Radio back to the factory default IP address and interface configuration.

Obtaining an Unknown IP Address Accessing the User Interface Network

Caution

VLANs Interface Settings Static Routes

Defaulting the Radio via the CLI will also default the Radio RF and Radio Network Settings, which will bring down any active RF connections.

Radio Band Settings RF Settings Network Settings Adjusting Radio Settings Modulation Payload Bytes

If your Computer is on the same subnet as the default Radio IP address and communications cannot be established, it‘s possible the IP address of the Radio has changed. This is a common situation with previously used radios. Note: it’s good practice to apply some light colored electrical tape to the underside of the radio to track any IP address changes with a marker. You never know when you’ll appreciate the time saved when needing to set up a radio in a rush!

Transmit Power Best Settings For Speed & Throughput Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity

To obtain the IP address you will need… -

Serial to USB Cable Standard CAT5 Ethernet cable Xetawave DB-9 to RJ45 adapter

Connect the Serial to USB cable to the Computer and install the drivers per the manufacturer instructions (unless the Operating System recognizes the device). 1. Note the COM Port number allocated to the device by the Operating System. 2. Connect the RJ45 to DB9 adapter to the DB9 Serial port on the Serial to USB cable. 3. Plug the CAT5 Ethernet cable into the RJ45 to DB9 adapter. 4. Plug the Cat5 Ethernet cable into SERIAL 2 of an Enclosed Radio or SERIAL of the board level Emancipator +.

Caution XetaWave Radios use RJ45 connectors for both Serial & Ethernet ports, which means it’s possible to plug an Ethernet cable into the Serial port and vice versa.

Main Menu

5. Open a terminal emulator such as Terra Term, PuTTY or HyperTerminal and connect to the PC’s COM Port at 115200 8N1.

How to Section




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Quick Start Guide Configuring the Radio

6. Cycle the power to the Radio and watch the terminal window. Once the boot sequence has completed you will be prompted to log in.


Username: admin

Accessing the User Interface

Password: admin

Network VLANs

7. The default Interface configuration (bridge) lists an IP address for VLAN1 only.

Interface Settings Static Routes Radio Band Settings RF Settings Network Settings Adjusting Radio Settings Modulation Payload Bytes Transmit Power Best Settings For Speed & Throughput Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Quick Start Guide Configuring the Radio Obtaining an Unknown IP Address Accessing the User Interface Network VLANs

8. If the Radio configuration is routed, it is possible for each interface to have a unique IP address. This time, show ifconfig will return the IP address of each physical interface. The UI can be accessed at either the Eth1/Eth2 interface IP via a direct connection to that interface. Note: Laptop/PC should be given a fixed IP address on the same subnet as the connected interface in order to establish Ethernet communications.

Interface Settings Static Routes Radio Band Settings RF Settings Network Settings Adjusting Radio Settings Modulation Payload Bytes Transmit Power Best Settings For Speed & Throughput Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Quick Start Guide Configuring the Radio



The User Interface is accessed by initiating a secure HTTPS connection from a Web Browser, via direct Ethernet port connection or active radio link.


Type https:// in the URL bar; i.e. https://192.168.0.3

Network VLANs Interface Settings

If this is the first time attempting to connect via https the browser may prompt you regarding privacy.

Static Routes Radio Band Settings RF Settings Network Settings Adjusting Radio Settings Modulation Payload Bytes Transmit Power Best Settings For Speed & Throughput Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed

Certificates are usually associated with fully-qualified domain names and not individual IP addresses, so this prompt is completely normal.

High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity

Note: This prompt only occurs the first time you connect to the Web Interface or after the browsers history is cleared. Subsequent login attempts will not prompt in this way. Access will be granted once the username and password have been successfully entered.

You will then be prompted for Authentication/Login:

The default Username is admin The default Password is admin






Network

Configuring the Radio Obtaining an Unknown IP Address

VLANs


Set both Radios as follows.

Network VLANs Interface Settings Static Routes Radio Band Settings RF Settings Network Settings Adjusting Radio Settings

Interface Settings Access Point Set the Access Point as follows.

Modulation Payload Bytes Transmit Power Best Settings For Speed & Throughput Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity

End Point Set the End Point as follows.

Static Routes Both Radios should have no Static Routes configured.





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio Quick Start Guide Configuring the Radio Obtaining an Unknown IP Address Accessing the User Interface Network VLANs

Radio Menu The Radio Menu is where you will configure the RF Module parameters, which define how the Radios will communicate.

Band Settings Set both Radios to ISM.

Interface Settings Static Routes Radio Band Settings RF Settings Network Settings

RF Settings

Adjusting Radio Settings

Set both Radios as follows.

Modulation Payload Bytes Transmit Power Best Settings For Speed & Throughput Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity

Caution When lab/bench testing with the optional 0dBi test antenna it is recommended to install a 20dB coaxial attenuator and adjust the transmit power to 50-100 mW. RSSI should be below -50dBm. Using a paper clip instead of a proper antenna may damage the TNC connector, which may negatively impact performance when deployed.

Main Menu

XetaWave inspects the TNC connector during the RMA process. Improper use that causes subsequent damage is considered outside of warranty coverage.

How to Section

. Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30


93 XetaWave Support Website Tel: +1 720-608-4509 [email protected]


Network Settings

Configuring the Radio Obtaining an Unknown IP Address Accessing the User Interface

Access Point Set the Access Point as follows.

Network VLANs Interface Settings Static Routes Radio Band Settings RF Settings Network Settings Adjusting Radio Settings Modulation Payload Bytes Transmit Power Best Settings For Speed & Throughput Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity

End Point Set the End Point as follows.

The Radio’s will now link up and pass data. 94 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




Adjusting Radio Settings

Configuring the Radio Obtaining an Unknown IP Address Accessing the User Interface

Modulation - Lower Modulations will have slower speeds, but offer better sensitivity. This equates to longer links with better ability to punch through clutter.

Network VLANs

-

Lower modulations also have smaller bandwidths which gives them higher noise immunity. This is because the narrow band has less chance of a bit becoming corrupted. One corrupted bit causes the whole packet to be thrown out.

-

Higher Modulations will have faster speeds, but with lower sensitivities they will be restricted to shorter links.

-

Higher modulations are more susceptibility to noise as they have a larger bandwidth.

Interface Settings Static Routes Radio Band Settings RF Settings Network Settings Adjusting Radio Settings Modulation Payload Bytes Transmit Power

Payload Bytes - Xetawave packet sizes can be set from 64 bytes to 1600 bytes.

Best Settings For Speed & Throughput

-

Smaller packet sizes will lead to lower throughput. This happens because each packet regardless of size has the same amount of overhead such as network address.

-

Larger packet sizes will offer better throughput from less overall overhead.

-

Larger packet sizes are more susceptible to noise. This happens due to the fact that they are modulated for a longer period of time which can result in corrupted bits.

-

Dynamic allows the End Point to use as much as 512 bytes of an unused Access Point time slot. Dynamic does not work with multispeed or MMS. Ideal packet size settings are 512 and 512 when using dynamic.

Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity

Transmit Power - Never use 1000mW with positive dB gain antennas in close proximity. This will cause dropped data, and can possibly damage the receiver. -

When doing indoor tests use 10mW, especially if there is no attenuation. If you have attenuation, tune the link to the proper receiver level mentioned below.

-

RSSI levels should be between -60dB to -70dB.






Best Settings For

Configuring the Radio Obtaining an Unknown IP Address

Speed and Throughput


32QAM or 16QAM with 1600 byte packet sizes (Only if power levels are tuned; QAM is very sensitive to high RSSI levels.)

Network VLANs

8PSK with 1600 byte packet sizes.

Interface Settings Static Routes Radio Band Settings

Reliable Modulation with High Sensitivity and Speed

RF Settings

BPSK with 512 byte packet sizes.

Network Settings Adjusting Radio Settings

Turn dynamic on to increase throughput.

Modulation Payload Bytes Transmit Power

High Sensitivity with High Noise Immunity

Best Settings For

114 MSK with 256 byte packet sizes.

Speed & Throughput Reliable Modulation with Sensitivity & Speed High Sensitivity with Noise Immunity





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio How to… Set up ISM PTMP Set up ISM PTP Set up MMS Tune the RSSI Import Sites into Google Earth Build a Gold Standard Network

How to… This section contains information on how to set up the following networks:  

PTMP PTP

Additional sections include information on how to:   

Set up MMS Tune the RSSI Import Sites into Google Earth

How to set up an ISM PTMP Network A PTMP Network consists of 1 x Access Point Radio and several End Point Radios. PTMP

End Point: 1002 192.168.0.2

Access Point: 1001 192.168.0.1

End Point: 1003 192.168.0.3

End Point: 1004 192.168.0.4

Caution XetaWave recommends limiting the number of End Point Radios in a PTMP Network to 50 per Access Point. This is to mitigate the system-wide impact that a lightning strike at an Access Point site would have; the fewer links connected, the lesser the overall impact. Main Menu Quick Start Guide




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio How to…

Identical Radio Settings

Set up ISM PTMP

These settings should be identical between Access Point and End Points:

Set up ISM PTP Set up MMS Tune the RSSI Import Sites into Google Earth Build a Gold Standard Network

Radio/Band Settings - ISM Radio/RF Settings - Band Start & Stop Frequencies - Exclude Lower & Upper Frequencies - Hop Pattern - End Point Transmit Rates; MSMP (4 x consecutive FHSS or DTS modulations) - Access Point Transmit Rate Radio/Network Settings - Network Type; PTMP - Network Address - Link with Device ID: End Points, this should be the Access Point Device ID Access Point, this is non-applicable and can be set to the Access Point Device ID - Network Radius - Hop Offset; only if MMS is in use - Max Payload Bytes; Access Point & End Point - Dynamic; can be used unless Max Payload Bytes is 1600/1600 or MMS is active

Unique Radio Settings These settings should be unique to each Radio; Radio/Network Settings - Device ID - Mode; Access Point, End Point or Repeating End Point - MMS; Generate / External on the Access Point, Generate on the End Point Transmit Power should be set so that RSSI levels are between -50dBm and -70dBm. For a bench test, this usually means setting the ISM Power to 10-50mW or adding some inline attenuators and adjusting the power accordingly. The Access Point will talk to the End Points at 884 BPSK, which has a sensitivity of -101dBm. The End Points will connect to the Access Point at the slowest selected speed for transmission of the first RF packet. As packets start to flow from End Point to Access Point, the End Point will ramp up the speed by stepping up in modulation to the next End Point Transmit Rate; providing link quality and signal levels allow. Main Menu Quick Start Guide

Test Configuration Files can be downloaded from http://support.xetawave.com/hc/en-us 98 Contents Rev A: 2015-10-30




How to set up a PTP Link A PTP link provides more security over a PTMP link since the Link with Device ID on the Access Point becomes active, which eliminates all other End Point Radios from connecting to the Access Point irrespective of their RF Transmission Settings. A PTP link offers a more connection oriented link where the Access Point is able to rebroadcast infinitely in the event that the End Point Radio doesn’t acknowledge. PTP links also offer different MultiSpeed performance where the radios will stay linked at the fastest possible modulation. The Access Point Transmit Rate takes on the fastest selected End Point Transmit Rate.

PTP

Access Point 192.168.0.1

End Point 192.168.0.2

Identical Radio Settings These settings should be identical between Access Point and End Point: Radio/Band Settings - ISM

Main Menu

Radio/RF Settings - Band Start & Stop Frequencies - Exclude Lower & Upper Frequencies - Hop Pattern - End Point Transmit Rates; MSMP (4 x consecutive FHSS or DTS modulations) - Access Point Transmit Rate

Quick Start Guide





Radio/Network Settings - Network Type; PTMP - Network Address - Link with Device ID: End Point, this should be the Access Point Device ID Access Point, this should be the Access Point Device ID - Network Radius - Hop Offset; only if MMS is in use - Max Payload Bytes; Access Point & End Point - Dynamic; can be used unless Max Payload Bytes is 1600/1600 or MMS is active

Unique Radio Settings These settings should be unique to each Radio; Radio/Network Settings - Device ID - Mode; Access Point or End Point - MMS; Generate / External on the Access Point, Generate on the End Point - Mode; Access Point or End Point - Upstream Device ID (End Point Only): this should be the Device ID of the Access Point. This field is non-applicable on an Access Point and can be set to the Access Point’s Device ID. - Downstream Device ID (Access Point Only): this should be the Device ID of the End Point. This field is non-applicable on a End Point and can be set to the End Point’s Device ID. - MMS; Generate or External on the Access Point, Generate on the End Point

Transmit Power should be set so that RSSI levels are between -50dBm and -70dBm. For a bench test, this usually means setting the ISM Power to 10-50mW or adding some inline attenuators and adjusting the power accordingly. The Access Point Transmit Rate is automatically set to the highest End Point Transmit Rate selected. Both Radios will ramp up modulation to the fastest End Point Transmit Rate selected and remain at that speed as long as the signal levels and link quality allow. If the RF environment, or RSSI levels do not allow the fastest selected modulation to be used, the Radio’s will back down accordingly. Test Configuration Files can be downloaded from http://support.xetawave.com/hc/en-us Main Menu Quick Start Guide




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio How to… Set up ISM PTMP Set up ISM PTP Set up MMS

How to set up MMS How to configure MMS in a PTMP system containing several Xeta9x9-EL’s; i.e. multiple Access Points.

Tune the RSSI

PTMP

Import Sites into Google Earth

PTMP

Build a Gold Standard Network PTMP

Xeta9-EL Access Point ID: 1001

Xeta9x9-EL Network # 1 Net ID: 1000

Radio 1: EP ID: 1002

Radio 2: AP ID: 2002




Network # 3 Net ID: 3000

Xeta9-EL EP ID: 3004

Remember, MMS is a timing feature that requires the following parameters to be identical within ALL radios in the MMS Network. This ensures that ALL radios in the network Transmit & Receive at precisely the same time, but on different frequencies/channels in the hop table; - Frequency Band and Excluded Frequencies - Hop Pattern (1 is recommended for MMS) - Access Point Transmit Rate - End Point Transmit Rate(s) - Max Payload Bytes; Access Point and End Point - Network Type*; PTP or PTMP. - Network Radius - Protocol; Ethernet or Serial * Note: it’s not possible to mix PTP links and PTMP Networks in a MMS configuration. Timing can be triggered in three ways; 1. A timing signal can be generated by the Network Access Point and propagated across the RF links to other radios. 2. A 1PPS signal from a GPS receiver can be connected to the Network Access Point and propagated across the RF links.

Main Menu

3. A GPS receiver can be installed at every Access Point location to independently synchronize transmissions through multiple 1PPS sources.

Quick Start Guide





Configure the PTMP Network Segments

Set up ISM PTMP

PTMP

Set up ISM PTP Set up MMS

PTMP

Tune the RSSI PTMP

Import Sites into Google Earth Build a Gold Standard Network

Xeta9-EL Access Point ID: 1001




Radio 1: Generate

Radio 2: External




Radio 1: Generate

Radio 2: External

Network # 3 Net ID: 3000

Xeta9-EL EP ID: 3004

MMS Hop Offset: 0 Generate The Access Point is the Radio that controls MMS timing.

Hop Offset: 1

Hop Offset: 2

Generate

Configure all Radios in each PTMP Network Segment (1 x Access Point + multiple End Points) with identical RF Transmission Settings. Give each Network Segment different Network ID’s, Device ID’s and apply a different Hop Offset. For example; Network #1 The following Network Diagram and Link Table illustrate the settings required for each radio to set up the first Network Segment in the MMS System above. Note: the Access Point is set to Generate, the End Points are set to Generate and the Hop Offset is 0. PTMP

End Point: 1002 192.168.0.2

Access Point: 1001 192.168.0.1

End Point: 1003 192.168.0.3

End Point: 1004 192.168.0.4

Main Menu Quick Start Guide




User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio How to… Set up ISM PTMP Set up ISM PTP

Network #2 The following Network Diagram and Link Table illustrate the settings required for each radio to set up the second Network Segment in the MMS System.

Set up MMS Tune the RSSI Import Sites into Google Earth

Note: the Access Point is set to External, the End Points are set to Generate and the Hop Offset is 2. PTMP

Build a Gold Standard Network

End Point: 2003 192.168.0.22

Access Point: 2002 192.168.0.22

End Point: 3004 192.168.0.24

End Point: 3005 192.168.0.25

Network #3 The following Network Diagram and Link Table illustrate the settings required for each radio to set up the third Network Segment in the MMS System. Note: the Access Point is set to External, the End Points are set to Generate and the Hop Offset is 2. PTMP

End Point: 3004 192.168.0.34

Access Point: 3003 192.168.0.33

End Point: 3005 192.168.0.35

Main Menu

End Point: 3006 192.168.0.36

Quick Start Guide





How to tune the RSSI As previously discussed in this manual, RF is more problematic at higher RSSI levels so tuning of the system by strategically reducing transmit power may be necessary. Links should be looked at individually; in a PTMP Network the Transmit Power of each and every remote End Point can be tuned individually. The Access Point’s Transmit Power should be tuned to the furthest or weakest link.

PTMP

End Point

End Point Access Point End Point

At the Access Point location, use the RF Ping Tool to test each link by entering the End Point ID of each remote and clicking Ping. Record the Remote and Local Signal and Noise levels.

Note: If both the Access Point and End Point Radios have the same Tx power level, the gains in the system are the same and the link should be fairly well balanced; i.e. have near symmetrical RSSI.

Caution Signal levels should meet the Minimum SNR for the fastest modulation you have selected, therefore Noise levels should be factored in to the tuning process. .






Tune the Longest Link First For the longest/weakest link, reduce the Transmit Power of the End Point until the RSSI at the Access Point is sufficiently reduced to meet the Minimum SNR for the fastest modulation selected.

Tune the RSSI Import Sites into Google Earth Build a Gold Standard Network

Use the RF Ping tool to check the RSSI levels as this provides specific measurements at both ends of each link and not a combined average. Set the Access Points Transmit Power level so that the End Point RSSI on the longest/weakest link meets the Minimum SNR for the fastest modulation selected.

Work Your Way Back For all other End Point Radios reduce the Transmit Power until the RSSI at the Access Point is sufficiently reduced to meet the Minimum SNR for the fastest modulation selected. Use the RF Ping tool to check the RSSI levels as this provides specific measurements at both ends of each link and not a combined average. Once you have adjusted the Transmit Power on all the End Points you have completed the tuning process.

Converting dBm to mW to dBm Transmit Power is adjusted in mW and RSSI is reported in dBm. For every required 3dB reduction in RSSI, the Transmit Power should be divided by 2. Alternatively, dBm can be converted to mW using this online calculator. And… mW can be converted to dBm using this online calculator.





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio How to… Set up ISM PTMP Set up ISM PTP Set up MMS Tune the RSSI

How to Import sites into Google Earth This section shows how to convert a set of site coordinates into a Google Earth KML file for input directly into Google Earth.

Import Sites into Google Earth

Convert Coordinates File to Excel If the coordinates reside in a Word or Text file you’ll need to import them into Excel.

Build a Gold Standard Network

Copy the contents from the Word/Text file and paste into Excel, cell A1.

Alternatively, if importing a Text file you can use the “Data\From Text” utility and delimit appropriately during the import process. Main Menu Quick Start Guide





Copying the data or not delimiting when importing a text file can leave all the data in Column A. Highlight Column A and use the “Text to Columns” function on the Data tab to delimit the data and move into separate columns…

Set up MMS Tune the RSSI Import Sites into Google Earth Build a Gold Standard Network

You may need to play with the delimiters to get this right since tab, semicolon, comma and space all have different effects on the data.






Delimit and Sort Excel File Once the data has been delimited correctly you should see the data populated in separate columns…


The next step is to title and organize the columns into the following order (you can cut and paste the columns into the correct order)… Latitude

Longitude

Name

Description

Icon

Latitude and Longitude can be represented as Decimal Degrees, Decimal Minutes or Decimal Seconds but must have either a negative sign for W or S hemispheres or the hemisphere specifier present. Name should be the site name as this is what is displayed on Google Earth. Description can be used to identify the site as an Access Point, Repeater or End Point and/or what equipment is located there. Description can be left blank if this information is not known. Icon can be anything from here, although it’s recommended to use the following radio representations…





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio How to… Set up ISM PTMP

Once you have the information represented in this way it’s time to remove any rows that don’t have coordinates, save the Excel file and get ready to convert to a Google Earth KML.


Remove rows that don’t have coordinates.

Save the Excel file to a location of your choice…





User Manual; Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio How to… Set up ISM PTMP

Convert to Google Earth KML Open the following URL…

Set up ISM PTP Set up MMS

https://www.earthpoint.us/ExcelToKml.aspx


Click “Browse” and locate the coordinates file (although it says you can directly import a Text file this is normally problematic, which is why we convert to Excel first)…






Next, click View on Google Earth…

Set up ISM PTMP Set up ISM PTP Set up MMS Tune the RSSI Import Sites into Google Earth Build a Gold Standard Network

Save the file to a location of your choice. You can then rename accordingly and email the file to whoever it may concern…






Double click the KML file to load the sites into Google Earth…







How to Build a Gold Standard Network Gold standard networks are those that are installed predictably, perform well over time and recover from unexpected conditions quickly. Our experiences troubleshooting networks taught us to plan, install and troubleshoot networks with the considerations listed below. Follow these steps to build gold standard networks.

Planning -

Understand customer’s application and required network throughput. Test radios on the bench with desired equipment before first deployment. Perform a path study for each link. Plan radio settings to achieve desired network throughput with consideration of expected signal strength, RF noise and overlapping networks.’ Perform a Site Survey to sample in-band noise levels. Prepare equipment list that includes radios, radio accessories, cables, connectors, adapters, antennae, towers/poles, brackets, etc.

Installation -

Use compass to align antennae to magnetic azimuth. Properly torque all mechanical connections. Apply appropriate weatherproofing material to all exposed RF and electrical connections. Measure noise floor with final hardware installed (i.e. antennae, cable) using radio or spectrum analyzer. Compare actual received signal strength with expected signal strength from path study. Perform throughput test before leaving site. Confirm successful customer data test before leaving site.

Troubleshooting -

Obtain customer success/fail statistics. Capture radio settings (via screen shot or other). Capture radio statistics (via screen shot or other). Capture LAN statistics (via screen shot or other). Capture terminal server statistics (via screen shot or other). Perform noise measurement with radio and/or spectrum analyzer. Obtain diagnostic slot capture from Access Point on problematic link. Sweep cable and antenna for loss with network analyzer (a.k.a site analyzer, cable and antenna tester).






Pre-Deployment Tasks


Network Planning XetaWave highly recommends the use of a Network Planning Tool during the link design process to provide some mathematical insight into expected performance. There are various Network Planning Tools on the market, such as… -

Pathloss Radio Mobile

Caution Failure to plan links can prevent maximizing link performance during deployment.

Transmission Systems XetaWave recommends the use of a DC Grounded Transmission System featuring; 

DC Grounded Antenna from a reputable manufacturer with desired frequency range, gain, beam pattern (coverage) and an input surge impedance of 50 ohms.



DC Block Surge Suppressor; Polyphaser TSX-NFF or IS-B50LN-C2.

Losses within the Transmission System The decibel is a logarithmic unit with the following net effects on signal loss; - 1dB loss = 21% signal loss - 2dB loss = 37% signal loss - 3dB loss = 50% signal loss - 6dB loss = 75% signal loss - 10dB loss = 90% signal loss When modelling the transmission system in your planning software, such as Pathloss 5 or Radio Mobile, the insertion loss from the connectors & surge suppressor should be combined with the loss from any planned strain relief jumper cables in addition to the loss from the coaxial transmission line. The following Cable Loss Calculators can be used to calculate the Cable Loss for the main transmission line.


-

Times Microwave Cable Loss Calculator Use the “Cable Run Attenuation” value, since the connector losses are included in the table below.

-

Belden/Andrew Cable Loss Calculator Use the “Matched Loss” value with SWR left at 1:1. 114





Calculating Transmission System Loss Refer to the table to obtain the Connector & Jumper Loss for the frequency you intend to use;


1. Use an online calculator to calculate the coaxial Cable Loss for the length and type of coax you intend to use; Times Microwave Cable Loss Calculator Use the “Cable Run Attenuation” value, since the connector losses are included in the table below. Belden/Andrew Cable Loss Calculator Use the “Matched Loss” value with SWR left at 1:1.

Variable: Transmission Line / Coax

6

2. Add the Connector & Jumper Loss from Step 1 to the Cable Loss from Step 2 to get the Transmission System Loss. 3. Enter the Transmission System Loss into the setup of your Network Planning Tool. - For Radio Mobile, open Network Properties click on the Systems tab.

and

- Enter the Transmission System Loss into “Line Loss (dB)”

5 4 3 2 1






Path Study Request

Set up ISM PTMP

XetaWave offers a path study service if planning assistance is required. Our Path Study Request Form can be downloaded from the XetaWave Support Site.


The Customer Input page requests customer & network information, desired speeds, intended antennas and any other comments / instructions / further information that can be provided.






Additionally, this is where the site information should be entered. Note: Network Access Point in the top row should be the location of the network Gateway, where access to the network from the Enterprise system occurs.


Note: the form has self-contained instructions to assist users.

Site Survey A site survey involves using a spectrum analyzer or alternative spectrum tool to check inband noise levels at the site. XetaWave considers this an important step when building Gold Standard Networks since the in-band noise levels can be factored into the Network design. Other aspects of a site survey include sweeping any existing installed coaxial transmission line, jumpers, surge suppressors and antennas for Return Loss or VSWR. Main Menu

Identifying possible causes of interference with co-located systems.

Quick Start Guide




Xeta9 Multi-Layer Ethernet Radio User Manual_Linux

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