“Basic Photography” Workshop Kewal Gala Aperture, IIM Indore
What Can A Camer Camera a Do?
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Capture Memories…
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Help save Time & Effort…
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Make a Change…
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Generate Global Attention…
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Pay your Bills…
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Make you an Artist…
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…or Destroy your Life!
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Yet a Camera by itself does nothing.
YOU DO! Do you know what to do with this thing? 26/09/2009
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Workshop Outline •
Basics of Equipment
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Busting the Megapix Megapixel el Myth
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Photography Photograph y Jargons Explained
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Concepts: Aperture, Depth of Field, Shutter Speed, ISO, Noise
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Understanding Digital Photography
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Styles/Modes of Photogr Photography aphy
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Tools & Techniq echniques ues of Compositi Co mposition on
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Basics of Equipmen Equipmentt Busting the Megapix Megapixel el Myth Photography Photograph y Jargons Explained Concepts: Aperture, Depth of Field, Shutter Speed, ISO, Noise Understanding Digital Photography Styles/Modes of Photogr Photography aphy Tools & Techniq echniques ues of Compositi Co mposition on
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Choosing the Best Camera •
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No longer a once-in-a-lif once-in-a-lifetime etime purchase Select one which can do the job you want today + for the foreseeable future Some kinds of cameras do some kinds of things bett better er or more easily e.g., Sports photograph photography y vs. Close-up portraits Price isn’t the best indicator
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CAMERA CATEGORIES
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Web Cameras & Phone Cameras
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Point-and-Shoot Cameras
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Advanced Advance d Consumer Models
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Pros Pr osum umer er dS dSLR LR Came Camerras
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Professional Cameras
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•
Basics of Equipment
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Busting the Megapixel Myth
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Photography Jargons Explained Photography Concepts: Aperture, Depth of Field, Shutter Speed, ISO, Noise Understanding Digital Photography Styles/Modes of Photogr Photography aphy Tools & Techniq echniques ues of Compositi Co mposition on
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Megapixels: How much do you need? •
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Often, cameras are categorized by the no. of Megapixels they can capture As if that resolution figure is the only measure of the camera’s value This value can be quite misleading
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Optical vs. Digital Zoom •
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An optical zoom uses the optics (lens) of the digital camera to move you closer to your subject A digital zoom simply enlarges the existing image digitally. It is not really zoom, in the strictest definition of the term Enlarging the image digitally reduces picture quality, and should therefore therefore usually be avoided. Some manufacturers manufacturers label their lenses with the "total zoom" by multiplying the optical with the digital. Ignore It. When comparing digital cameras: Go for higher optical zoom. Digital zoom can always be achieved later later in an image editing software.
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Megapixels: What to keep in Mind •
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What you plan to do with the photos you take: 8 x 10” Photo Prints vis. a vis. 20 x 30” Posters
Do most of the photos you take take end up as your wallp wallpaper aper or Faceboo Facebook/Ork k/Orkut ut photo photos? s?
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Resolution & their Print Sizes Resolution
Best quality Resolution
Avg. quality
3x5 in.
N/A 800 x 600
2 megapixels
8x10 in.
3x5 in. 1600 x 1200
4 megapixels
11x14 in.
5x7 in. 2300 x 1700
6 megapixels
16x20 in.
8x10 in. 3000 x 2000
10+ megapixels
25x40 in.
13x17 in. 3888+ x 2592+
0.5 megapixels
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Questions to Ask: •
Do you plan to manipulate your photos?
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Are you a photo hobbyist?
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How often do you plan to upgrade?
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Basics of Equipment Busting the Megapix Megapixel el Myth
Photography Jargons Explained Concepts: Aperture, Depth of Field, Shutter Speed, ISO, Noise Understanding Digital Photography Styles/Modes of Photogr Photography aphy Tools & Techniq echniques ues of Compositi Co mposition on
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Anti-Blur Anti-Shake Image Stabilization Vibration Reduction
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A technology that stabilizes the lens to effectively reduce blur due to camera shake.
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Histogram
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Bok Bo keh (B (BOH OH-K -KEH EH))
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Depth of Field •
The distance wherein objects are in focus. The smaller the aperture, the greater the depth of field achieved.
MORE ABOUT IT IN “APERTURE”
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Metering How the camera measures the amount of light available av ailable to expose a picture •
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Centre-Weighted: Readings are tak Centre-Weighted: taken en at various part of the picture, with a special emphasis for the centre. Spot: Re Readings adings are are taken taken at a specific specific point. point. Each camera manufacturer manufacturer has its own variations (Evaluative Metering)
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White Balance •
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The ability to adjust colours based on white as a reference colour to give as true a white as possible All other colors are corrected accordingly Auto WB (AWB): the camera determines and selects the correct colour temperature for white.
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White Balance •
Some preset white balance settings are daylight, cloudy, tungsten, or fluorescent.
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[ Ev Ev +/+/-]] Exposur Exposure-C e-Comp ompens ensat atio ion n •
Also popularly known as Flash Compensation
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Basics of Equipment
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Busting the Megapix Megapixel el Myth
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Photography Photograph y Jargons Explained
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Concepts: Aperture, Depth of Field, Shutter Speed, ISO, Noise
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Understanding Digital Photography
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Styles/Modes of Photogr Photography aphy
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Tools & Techniq echniques ues of Compositi Co mposition on
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Aperture •
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a hole or an opening through which ligh li ghtt tr tra ave vels ls It causes variations in the Depth of Field within the image
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f16 vis. a vis.
f2.8 26/09/2009
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Shutter Speed •
Amount of time the picture is exposed
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Short/Fast shutter speed
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Long/Slow shutter speed
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1/8th
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1/30th
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1/60th
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1/500th
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Results of Varying Shutter Speeds
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USING THE TECHNIQUE OF….
PANNING 26/09/2009
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Which shutter speed is the best?
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ISO •
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sensor ’s the measure of a digital camera sensor’ sensitivity to light a higher number num ber indicates higher sensitivity This is usually express expressed ed as a range, e.g.. ISO e.g ISO 100 100 - 16 1600 00.. A higher sensitivity allows us to take pictures in low light without using flash Higher ISO causes more "noise" than lower l ower ISO
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ISO 100
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ISO 1600
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Basics of Equipment Busting the Megapix Megapixel el Myth Photography Photograph y Jargons Explained Concepts: Aperture, Depth of Field, Shutter Speed, ISO, Noise
Understanding Digital Photography Styles/Modes of Photogr Photography aphy Tools & Techniq echniques ues of Compositi Co mposition on
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First off… •
Understand Underst and how your camera works
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Know some Photography fundamentals
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Find out how to use an image editor
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The Exposure Triangle
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Far from Perfect / Meant for Illustrative Purposes Only
METAPHORS
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Sun Bathing
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Open Window
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Basics of Equipment Busting the Megapix Megapixel el Myth Photography Photograph y Jargons Explained Concepts: Aperture, Depth of Field, Shutter Speed, ISO, Noise Understanding Digital Photography
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Styles/Modes of Photography
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Tools & Techniq echniques ues of Compositi Co mposition on
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Pre-set exposure control (shutter/aperture (shutter/aperture combination, plus other adjustments, such as white balance, exposure compensation, etc.)
SCENE MODES
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Shutter Priority •
Shutter Priority: Allows you to decide the shutter speed (e.g. fast at 1/500 sec. for stop action photography, or slow at 2 sec. for night photography), photograph y), and the camera decides the best aperture.
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Aperture Priority •
Aperture Priority: Allows you to choose the aperture (e.g. large at F1.8 for portrait, portrait, of small at F16 for landscapes).
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Manual •
You have have complete creative c reative control in in selecting both the shutt shu tter er and aperture. a perture.
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Auto
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All digital cameras usually have an Auto Au to mode: the camera decides for you the best shutter speed/aperture speed/apertur e settings.
AUTO 26/09/2009
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Landscape Photography •
Primary function Primary function is to allow allow a larg large e depth of of field
Landscape mode tells the camera to to default to a: •
Large Depth of Field (Small Aperture) –f16
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Portrait Photography •
This mode is not well suited for for full-length portraits or groups of people
Portrait mode tells the camera to default to a: Small Depth of Field Fi eld (Large Aperture) – f1.8 •
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Sports/Action Sports/ Action Photograph Photography y •
tells the camera to default its settings toward capturing images faster
This is done by: •
Increasing Shutter Speed
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Increasing ISO
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Night Photograph Photography y •
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This preset slows down the shutter speed to allow a lot of light into the camera Both the foreground foreground and background back ground of the image are properly exposed. very useful in taking low-light images where you do not want the background to be black
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Macro Photograph Photography y •
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This setting works with your camera lens to allow it to focus from a very short distance. Depth of Field Depth Field bec become omess very very Small Small (Large Aperture) – f1.8 Does not have a lot of alternative uses
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Basics of Equipment Busting the Megapix Megapixel el Myth Photography Photograph y Jargons Explained Concepts: Aperture, Depth of Field, Shutter Speed, ISO, Noise Understanding Digital Photography Styles/Modes of Photogr Photography aphy
Tools & Techniques of Composition
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About Composition •
Create Creat e the picture
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Decide what is in and what is left out
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“Convince” the eye to to glance at it a moment longer “Composition" means "Putting Together"
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Subject
– Predicate
– Background 26/09/2009
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Rule
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Rule of Thirds •
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The theory is that your photo becomes more balanced and will enable a viewer of the image to interact with it more naturally People’s eyes usually go to one of the People’s intersection inter section points most naturally rather than the centre of the shot
It works with this natural way way of viewing an image rather than working against it
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More of a suggestion than a rule? •
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Important to experiment to overcome the natural tendency to centre everything But, sometimes you may find situations where it's difficult to follow the rule of thirds If you know why you're doing it -feel free! But when you're first starting out it's a good idea to try to follow it whenever you can
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Converging Composition
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leads the viewer viewer’’s eye into into the depth of the photo
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Shooting angles •
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try new angles, POV When taking pictures of live objects, try to be at eye’s level with the subject. If we are higher – it diminishes them, if we are lower – it augments them.
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What does the eye like? This is the million-dollar question
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The eye is drawn to three things (A, B, C):
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A. Acutely sharp elements
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B. Bright elements
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C. Colourful elements
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Breaking the Rules •
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Sometimes breaking the rules creates that unexpected unexpected shot that the viewer doesn’t quite know how to take in and this is what fascinates fascinates him/her even more. But my suggestion is, before you break the rules, learn them well and then you’ll know how and when to break them. Learn it befor before e you Break it. One of the best tests for a good picture is how long the viewer stalls stalls to look at it. A fascinatin fascinating g subject helps, of course, but a good composition will tak take e it to a whole other level.
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Your Photos
by Rajeev Verma 26/09/2009
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Your Photos
by Rajeev Verma 26/09/2009
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Your Photos
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Your Photos
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Your Photos
by Arn Arnav av Mu Mukh kher erje jee e 26/09/2009
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Your Photos
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Your Photos
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You ourr My Pho Photo to
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Your Photos
by Aash Aashis ish h My Myla lapal pally ly 26/09/2009
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Your Photos
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Your Photos
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REMEMBER,
THIS WORKSHOP IS NOT AN END OF PHOTOGRAPHY LEARNING! BUT WE HOPE IT SURELY WAS ONE WHERE YOUR JOURNEY BEGINS..... 26/09/2009
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Happy Clicking!!
Kewal Kew al Gala Gala Club Aperture – The Photography Club IIM Indore
