World Pumps Marc 2016

THE INTERNATIONAL MAGAZINE FOR PUMP USERS

Number 589 March 2016

Oil & gas Ambitions, plans and technology

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Editorial

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Welcome to the March issue

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We often use words like ‘durable’, ‘reliable’ and ‘future-proof’ to describe a product, initiative or process in the pump industry, but what does it take for one of these to really stand the test of time? This month’s issue takes a look at the companies re-evaluating their strategies for longevity, the collaborations that last and the products that have proved their worth. Our first application on page 16 begins back in the 1990s, when NAM (a joint venture between Royal Dutch Shell and ExxonMobil) set out to find the most cost-effective way to extract gas from Europe’s largest natural gas field. This article explains NAM’s choice of magnetic bearings for every motor-compressor string in the project and how they exceeded expectations. Durability matters on every scale and in every component of pump manufacturing. The article on page 24 explains how specialist gloves not only reduced cut finger incidents for Torishima Pumps, but lasted longer, making savings for the company. We move on to an interview on page 28 with SPX FLOW’s Colin Elcoate and his ambitions for the company in the Chinese nuclear power industry. Colin discusses these developments, along with new opportunities in power generation and what structure an organisation now requires to succeed long-term. Next, we resume our coverage of the BPMA’s 75th anniversary special on page 32. Having been manufacturing for 144 years, Wilo knows all about longevity. This article shows how its longstanding membership with the British Pump Manufacturers Association has helped the company adapt to radical changes in the pump industry over the years. Our final feature on page 38 tackles the all-important matter of lasting pump performance. The clearance of an impeller sealing ring is the main reason for the loss of leakage volume in a centrifugal pump. This article presents the findings of research into the effect of sealing ring clearance on pump performance – to maximise opportunities for a long-term product.

EUROPUMP INFORMATION Europump, the Association Européenne des Constructeurs des Pompes, counts more than 450 pump companies as its members. Seventeen national associations of pump manufacturers are represented. Within the EU alone, its members have a collective annual turnover of more than €5 billion. Among Europump’s objectives, are the intention to be acknowledged as the principal body representing the European pump industry, and to become the recognized European source for, and forum for, the exchange of pump industry related information.

ELSEVIER LTD PO Box 150, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1AS, UK.

Publisher: Laney Priestly Tel: +44 (0) 1865 843043 E-mail: [email protected] Editor: Alan Burrows Tel: +44 (0) 1865 843686 E-mail: [email protected] Business news editor: Roisin Reidy Tel: +44 (0) 1865 843695 E-mail: [email protected] Assistant editor: Emily Simpson Tel: +44 (0) 1865 843783 E-mail: [email protected]

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WORLD PUMPS our environmental policy We are committed to reducing our environmental impact wherever possible, by limiting resource use and efficiently employing sustainable materials and technologies. This magazine is printed on a type of paper known as Apollo Gloss, which is manufactured from ECF pulp (bleached without using elemental chlorine) produced from renewable forest resources. The cover is produced using a water-based laminate. for further information about our environmental policies, please visit www.reedelsevier.com

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Product news

Contents

16

Oil & gas

24

General processing

Product focus Centrifugal compressor performance prediction

• Business news

4

• Product news

8

• Product focus

12

• Applications

16

• Features

28

• Frequently asked questions

42

• Product finder

44

Oil & gas Bearing installations stand the test of time

www.worldpumps.com

48

16

This article explains why NAM chose Waukesha Magnetic Bearings to provide the magnetic bearings for every motor-compressor string in its project to extract gas from Europe’s largest natural gas field.

Oil & gas Flow assurance for offshore production

20

This article takes a look at how metering pumps were customized to effectively deliver chemicals to record depths, for deep offshore production in Indonesia.

General processing Durable hand protection from hazards

• Diary dates

12

A focus on the Cmap software designed to evaluate centrifugal compressor operative performance and predict machine performances under different operative conditions.

24

The story of how Torishima Pumps found Globus’ Showa gloves not only reduced cut finger incidents but lasted longer, making savings for the company.

Contents

26

Pulp & paper

28

Power generation

32

BPMA: 75th anniversary

34

General processing

Pulp & paper

General processing

Plug and play pump benefits printing plant 26 When a European printing company needed to make major repairs to one of its fixed speed vacuum pumps it chose a new VSD-driven vacuum pump from Atlas Copco. Here’s why.

High working efficiency of rapid custom design 34 This feature discusses how 3D digital prototypes and evaporated pattern casting play an effective role in rapid custom design and production, with maximum energy-savings.

Power generation

Pump performance

Chinese nuclear power industry ambitions 28 Colin Elcoate of SPX FLOW discusses developments in China, new opportunities in power generation and what structure an organisation now requires to succeed.

Effect of sealing ring clearance on pump performance 38 The findings of research into the effect of impeller sealing ring clearance on a centrifugal pump, through analysis of external performance and flow characteristics.

BPMA 75th Anniversary Taking pumping to a higher level 32 To celebrate the 75 years of the BPMA, this feature shows how – with the association’s help – Wilo has adapted to radical changes in the pump industry.

World Pumps March 2016 edition. Cover image courtesy of Nikodash/Shutterstock.

Dates to remember • 10th March 2016

• 6 – 8 April 2016

Oxfordshire, UK, Pump Industry Awards 2016, www.pumpindustryawards.com

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Asia Water 2016, www.asiawater.org

• 15 – 18 March 2016

• 11 – 12 April 2016

Milan, Italy, MCE – Mostra Convegno Expocomfort 2016, www.mcexpocomfort.it

Kuwait City, Kuwait, 4th Kuwait Oil & Gas Summit, www.cwckuwait.com

www.worldpumps.com

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Business news

WORLD PUMPS

New management for Lewa Nikkiso Co Ltd has put a new management team in place for the Lewa Group, as the Japanese company reorganises its Industrial division. The Lewa-Nikkiso Industrial division, which includes the Lewa Group, Geveke NV, Nikkiso Cryo Inc and Nikkiso’s Japanese pump business activities, will now be headquartered in Leonberg, Germany, the home of Lewa. Naota Shikano, the CEO of Lewa, has resigned to become a director and vice president of parent company Nikkiso, with responsibility for the group’s industrial business segments. Peter Wagner will serve as the new CEO of Lewa, while Hisanao Amino has been appointed as chief financial officer. A graduate mechanical engineer, Wagner has worked at Atlas Copco for many years, most recently as president of the Atlas Copco Gas and Process division. Amino spent 30 years at The Bank of Tokyo-

March 2016

Amarinth ships bespoke nutshell filter pump

Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd, before joining Nikkiso as general manager of the Medical Division’s Medical Administration Department in 2014. Stefan Glasmeyer continues as Lewa’s chief marketing officer and Dr Martin Fiedler remains chief operating officer, with expanded responsibilities. “This step to form a strong division, reorganise the structure and align our activities where it makes sense will help to serve our customers globally in a better way. It also will generate operational efficiencies within the Industrial division,” said Shikano.

Amarinth has designed a bespoke low-shear vertically mounted API 610 OH 1 pump with Plan 13 seal support system for AI Energy Solutions to use with its nutshell filters in cleaning produced water. AI Energy Solutions (AIES) approached Amarinth to design a pump for the final cleaning phase of produced water using its nutshell filters on an offshore platform.

www.lewa.de www.nikkiso.co.jp

In order to fit with the nutshell filter package, Amarinth had to design a bespoke solution, taking the OH 1 hydraulic design and engineering a vertically mounted close coupled arrangement so that the suction was at the bottom and the discharge at the top.

From left to right: Peter Wagner, Dr Martin Fiedler, Hisanao Amino and Stefan Glasmeyer.

Manufactured in stainless steel, the pump incorporated an open impeller design to handle the high solids concentration and a vacuum operated backwash facility to allow for ease of cleaning and maintenance. A single seal Plan 13 seal support system, normally used on vertical pumps, was integrated with

the vertically mounted OH1 pump. Amarinth was able to supply the bespoke pump on a fast track basis, with delivery in just 23 weeks. Oliver Brigginshaw, managing director of Amarinth, said: “Amarinth has successfully delivered reliable pumping solutions for nutshell filters in the past and is pleased to be continuing our successful working relationship with AIES established during previous projects.” www.amarinth.com

Final preparation of an Amarinth vertically mounted API 610 OH 1 nutshell filter pump before shipment to AI Energy Solutions.

Bilfinger to sell Water Technologies division The engineering and services group Bilfinger SE is selling its Water Technologies division to Chinese water technology company Chengdu Techcent Environment Group. Bilfinger Water Technologies specialises in water and wastewater management, screening and filtration technologies for separating solids from liquids and gases, as well as vacuum technology. Products and services are

marketed under the Airvac, Diemme Filtration, Geiger, Johnson Screens, Noggerath, Passavant and Roediger brand names.

The Bilfinger Water Technologies division has about 1600 employees and had a turnover of approximately €300 million in 2015.

Diemme Filtration piston and piston-membrane pumps are manufactured for filter press feeding and are suitable for pumping particularly abrasive or corrosive liquids, whose chemicalphysical characteristics are variable.

The sale of the Water Technologies division will allow Bilfinger to focus its business on the industrial and real estate sectors. Bilfinger will receive net proceeds of approximately €200 million from the sale of its Water Technologies business.

“We are pleased that our successful water business has found such a financially strong and long-term oriented buyer,” said Bilfinger executive board chairman Per H Utnegaard. “The move to a company in which water technology is the focus of business operations opens up excellent development prospects for Water Technologies.” www.bilfinger.com www.tbhic.cn

For more business news, read Pump Industry Analyst every month. Download a sample copy at www.pumpindustryanalyst.com www.worldpumps.com

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Business news

WORLD PUMPS

March 2016

Cimarron Energy acquires Diverse Energy Systems assets Cimarron Energy has purchased substantially all of the assets of Diverse Energy Systems, a Houston, Texas-based manufacturer of production, processing and environmental equipment, including separators, scrubbers and jet pumps. The acquisition is part of Cimarron’s strategic plan to create a single source supplier of production, processing and environmental equipment and related services for US customers in the

upstream and midstream markets, and for select international markets. John Clarke, chairman of Cimarron Energy and a partner with the company’s equity sponsor Turnbridge Capital LLC, said: “The combination of Cimarron and Diverse creates a financially strong company with capabilities unlike most in the industry. It brings together two capable and highly motivated teams with deep experience in engineering and design,

Duncan Cooper to leave Grundfos Duncan Cooper, Grundfos Pumps Corp’s regional managing director and group senior vice president for the Americas, will leave the company this summer.

A replacement for Cooper has not been named. www.grundfos.com

and natural gas production equipment providing separation, flowback and environmental devices to exploration and production companies throughout the US.

Norman, Oklahoma-based Cimarron Energy manufactures oil

www.cimarronenergy.com www.des-co.com

Duncan Cooper

Cimarron was acquired in 2014 by Turnbridge Capital, a private equity firm focused on energy services and equipment investments.

Sulzer to provide process package for Finnish mill Sulzer has signed a large-scale process pump delivery contract for Metsä Fibre’s next-generation bio product mill in Äänekoski, Finland. The Sulzer delivery will include AHLSTAR process pumps, the latest generation of Sulzer MCE medium consistency pumps as well as agitators and vacuum pumps. The equipment is designed for high reliability

Since his appointment in 2013, Cooper has helped to improve the Danish company’s performance in the Americas region. “The financial turnaround has been exceptional, and our employees are to be applauded for what they do day in and day out for our customers,” said Cooper. “Grundfos has been a fantastic place to work, and whatever course the business takes now, it is set for an exciting period of high performance.”

manufacturing, and field service. Together, we can offer customers a broad array of equipment ranging from standard products which are integral to the cost effective production of oil and gas, to highly customised solutions designed to address more complex production and processing applications, environmental compliance and measurement.”

and energy efficiency as well as for low operating costs. The contract includes the manufacturing, testing, packaging and installation inspection of the equipment. Construction work on the new €1.2 billion mill is scheduled to be completed during 2017. www.sulzer.com

An AHLSTAR A range process pump from Sulzer.

Berkshire Hathaway seals Precision Castparts deal Berkshire Hathaway Inc, the conglomerate run by US billionaire Warren Buffet, has completed the acquisition of Precision Castparts Corp in a deal valued at US$37.2 billion. Precision Castparts is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway. The company

www.worldpumps.com

remains headquartered in Portland, Oregon, USA and continues to be led by Mark Donegan. A worldwide, diversified manufacturer of metal components and products serving the aerospace, power and general industrial markets, Precision Castparts is the parent company of Environment

One, the producer of E/One grinder pumps for low-pressure sewer systems. Niskayuna, New York-headquartered Environment One has two main segments: Sewer Systems and Utility Systems. The E/One sewer system is a pressure sewer system that is powered by E/One grinder pumps.

Berkshire Hathaway's subsidiaries are involved in a range of businesses including insurance, reinsurance, utilities, energy, freight rail transportation, finance, manufacturing, retailing and services. www.berkshirehathaway.com www.precast.com www.eone.com

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8

Product news

WORLD PUMPS

CSA-certified, natural gas-operated range Wilden has announced the release of a new line of CSA-certified natural gas-operated doublediaphragm pumps. Specifically designed for the oil and gas industry, these new pumps have been certified by CSA International to be used in applications where natural gas is the energy source to drive the pump. Ideal for upstream and midstream oil and gas applications, the pumps are available in Wilden Original (clamped), Advanced (bolted) and Advanced FIT models, and come equipped with either the patentpending Wilden Pro-Flo SHIFT Air Distribution System (ADS), which is CSA-certified ANSI LC 6-2008, or the Wilden Pro-Flo X ADS, which is CSA-certified for the ANSI LC 6-2008 and TIL R-14. Wilden CSAcertified pumps are offered in 13 mm (1/2”) clamped and 25 mm (1”), 38 mm (1-1/2”), 51 mm (2”) and 76 mm (3”) bolted configurations.

Wilden says its CSA-certified pumps also comply with all CE and ATEX requirements, and feature extreme shear sensitivity, high-viscosity handling, dry-run capability, superior anti-freezing and no deadhead damage. The maximum flow rate is 993 lpm (246 gpm) for the 76 mm (3”) model, and the maximum discharge pressure is 6.9 bar (100 psig) for all models. Wetted paths are aluminum or stainless steel, and available diaphragm materials are Buna-N, PTFE or Wil-Flex. wildenpump.com

Better suction properties for fluid handling KSB Aktiengesellschaft has launched the latest version of its self-priming centrifugal Etaprime pump. KSB says the pump sets offer good suction properties, also under relatively poor inlet conditions. Fluids with entrained gas can also be handled, while it is not necessary to install a foot valve. The pump sets are designed for handling fluids of temperatures between –30°C and +90°C. Their maximum head is 105 m and the flow rate can come up to 180 m3/h. The type series of the new generation comprises 28 sizes, which can be driven by either 2-pole or 4-pole IE3 motors. The pumps are available in compact close-coupled design (Etaprime B)

www.worldpumps.com

Permanent magnets cuts energy costs Flowserve Corporation recently introduced the Flowserve Pleuger PMM8, a new submersible electric motor that utilizes permanent magnet technology. Based on the reliable Pleuger three-phase, AC, squirrel-cage induction motor, Flowserve says the PMM8 has proven advantages over asynchronous designs, including higher efficiency at full and partial loads, lower thermal losses and a robust, large air gap configuration. The company says the result is a motor that can reduce energy costs by up to 10% and boost power output by over 100%, while extending the overall life of the motor. It is claimed the PMM8 motor technology has demonstrated

Wilden’s CSA-certified natural gas-operated double-diaphragm pump.

or as classic baseplate-couplingmotor versions (Etaprime L). Depending on the application, the customer can choose between oil-lubricated rolling element bearings or those greasepacked for life. It is also possible to provide connections for temperature or shock pulse sensors on the bearing brackets. www.ksb.com

The latest version of the self-priming centrifugal Etaprime pump. (KSB Aktiengesellschaft, Frankenthal, Germany).

March 2016

over 93% efficiency, one of the most efficient 8 in submersible motors on the market. Operated in conjunction with variable frequency drives, the PMM8 runs at synchronous speed with no rotor losses, which allows the pump to run at best efficiency point under variable flow conditions. Since the new PMM8 is available in the same diameter size as competitor units, customers will often be able to reduce their energy costs by upgrading to the Flowserve motor. Because of the high power output, in many cases the 8 in PMM8 design can be substituted for conventional 8 in asynchronous motors. www.flowserve.com

Vacuum systems ideal for thin film coating Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum introduces a broad line of vacuum pump systems and accessories specifically optimized for thin film coating processes such as flat panel display applications. Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum develops complete vacuum solutions for all coating applications. The compact and smart vacuum solutions consist of high vacuum, booster / dry pump combinations, as well as control devices, if required. Standardized systems based on DRYVAC dry screw pumps in combination with roots blowers from the RUVAC WH family are the optimal solution for flat panel display application like fast load lock, transfer and deposition processes. The company claims the systems offer the fastest pump down times with the highest pumping speeds in their class. It adds that the major customer benefits are standardized inter-

faces such as electrical connections, purge options and/or cooling water, paired with easy maintenance access and a very convenient backup pool handling. Major processes in which it is claimed these systems excel: - Load lock / transfer - Transistor sputter TSPT / Color filter sputter FSPT / Cell - OLED encapsulation / Evaporation - Transistor TFT-PECVD / Thin film encapsulation TFE-PECVD - VCD Photoresist coater www.oerlikon.com/leyboldvacuum

The company claims the systems offer the fastest pump down times with the highest pumping speeds in their class.

Product news WORLD PUMPS

March 2016

Europump guides the European Commission

Pulseless pump delivers high dosing accuracy

Europump members will gather in Ghent, Belgium from 25–28 May 2016 for their annual meeting, to consolidate their position on legislative initiatives.

Swissinnov Product recently launched the NaoStedi, a pulseless dosing pump compatible with Masterflex L/S drives. The pump serves multiple applications in pharmaceutical, medical, laboratory, chemical and industrial markets.

without a need for a calibration or flow sensor.

Swissinnov Product says the NaoStedi pump delivers high performances in dosing accuracy, flow control and is a new and fairly easy to use alternative to traditional peristaltic, diaphragm and syringe pumps. The pump head can be sterilized and integrated as OEM component in any devices using pump system. The NaoStedi pump functions with reciprocating pistons driven independently over the pumping cycles to ensure a constant flow delivery. The company says the pump delivers pulseless flow

www.naopump.com

In partnership with the European Commission, Europump is currently working on the revision of the energy efficiency legislation for water pumps (EC 547/2002). While the current scope is limited to clean water pumps, the Commission wishes to include wastewater pumps. The Commission wants wastewater pumps tested in clean water conditions, but these do not take into account the contaminated surroundings where wastewater pumps are used. Europump is pressing for wastewater pumps to be tested in their normal working environment.

Frank Ennenbach, Chairman of the Europump Standards Commission.

The Europump Ghent meeting will update the pump community on a range of upcoming legislative initiatives. For further information and registration details, visit www.europump2016.com . Europump, the European Association of Pump Manufacturers, was established in 1960 and represents the interests of 450 manufacturers from 14 EU Member States, Turkey, Russia and Switzerland. www.europump.org

Swissinnov Product is a Swiss company specialized in pump systems. It provides consulting services for custom designs and personalized solutions.

The NaoStedi pulseless dosing pump is compatible with Masterflex L/S drives.

Fast andEasy Fixes. This is How I

Perform.

Independent welding in forestry and the timber industry has become reality with UTPperform. voestalpine Böhler Welding www.voestalpine.com/welding

www.worldpumps.com amloos-1 1

15-02-16 09:1

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Product news

WORLD PUMPS

March 2016

Pump station models & Back pressure regulator equipment consolidation for gases and liquids Smith & Loveless (S&L) announces the shipment of its first EVERLAST Wet Well Mounted Pump Station. The new Everlast product line consolidates all of S&L’s abovegrade pump station models and equipment options under one single brand. S&L says its Everlast pump stations are housed outside of and above the wet well, making operator maintenance safer, simpler and more economical. The company adds that the pump stations are designed to

provide a long, successful service life. Everlast pump stations feature S&L technology like the DURO-LAST Stainless Steel Baseplate with 25-year warranty, QUICKSMART Touch-Screen Station Controls, the X-PELLER Non-Clog Impeller and RapidJack Quick-Clean Check Valve. Supplemental packages offer solutions for extreme clogging applications, enhanced station monitoring, cold weather protection and more. www.smithandloveless.com

Pharma manufacturers benefit from dry disconnect couplings OPW Engineered Systems is pleased to announce its Epsilon Dry Disconnect Couplings, which are claimed to help pharmaceutical manufacturers decrease product costs and increase safety. The Epsilon Dry Disconnect Couplings feature a series of design and operational features that make them ideal for use in critical in-plant and railcar/tanktruck chemical-transfer applications in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Examples of volatile, hazardous or high-value pharmaceutical compounds whose transfer can benefit from the use of Epsilon disconnects include dichloromethane, toluene, ammonia (23%), pharmaceutical slurries and Syltherm. OPW says what sets the Epsilon apart from competitive dry disconnect technologies in these applications is a design that utilizes ball valves rather than poppets to facilitate the opening and closing of the coupling. This unique construction allows a convex ball to seat with a concave

www.worldpumps.com

ball when the valve is opened, producing a straight-through flow path that creates no areas where chemicals can nest. The result is fluid transfer that experiences no reduction in flow rate while virtually eliminating the occurrence of product spills when the coupling is disconnected. A series of five independent and redundant mechanical locks also prevents the Epsilon coupling from becoming accidentally disconnected, which removes the threat of unintentional spills and catastrophic chemical releases. www.opw-es.com

Epsilon Low Spill Coupling.

Cashco, Inc. recently introduced a new Model BR back pressure regulator for use with a wide range of gases and liquids.

chamber and trim material combinations. Trim designs include metalseated or composition-seated with a metal or composition diaphragm.

With the appropriate options, applications include upstream overpressure regulation of cryogenic liquids, sour gas, industrial gases and chemicals, as well as the common industrial fluids — water, oil, steam and compressed air.

“Two body materials will also be available, with 27 different trim material combinations from which to select,” Rogers adds. “We are sure to have a cost-effective option for just about any application. Equally important, it allows us to offer our customers another choice when their needs call for an in-line back pressure regulator.”

Available in globe or angular porting configuration, the Model BR valve controls inlet pressures up to 200 psig (13.8 Barg) in multiple spring ranges and can be utilized for the majority of industrial pressure relief applications.

www.cashco.com

“This is the first in-line back pressure regulator of its type to be offered by Cashco,” explains Clint Rogers, president of Cashco, Inc. According to Rogers, the BR regulator is available in five sizes from 3/8 to 2 in, and can handle materials from 20 to 400° Fahrenheit, with the appropriate body/spring

The Cashco Model BR back pressure regulator – for use with a wide range of gases and liquids.

Variable Speed Drive offers smaller footprint Schneider Electric recently launched the first wave of its new Altivar Process 660 Drive System for the water & wastewater, oil & gas, and irrigation end-user markets. The new Altivar Process variable speed drives provide integrated safety and automation functions that Schneider Electric says meet the requirements of the most demanding applications with a smaller footprint. The drives include various optional communication cards available for seamless integration into main automation architectures. Altivar Process drives feature numerous configurable I/O as

standard to facilitate adaptation to specific applications. They offer a plug & play solution, where parameters are preset in the factory to the desired configuration, which the company says helps to save process control and operating time. Schneider Electric says the variable speed drives combine the reliability, flexibility, and ease of use of the Altivar drives family with proven, validated, and tested drive system designs to provide an ideal solution for the water & wastewater, oil & gas, and irrigation end-user markets. www.schneider-electric.com/us

Product news WORLD PUMPS

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March 2016

South Eastern Europe mining installations

Explosion-proof series for hazardous locations The new X-Series by Liberty Pumps are heavy cast iron sewage and effluent pumps designed specifically for use in hazardous locations.

The supplied pumps have a multistage centrifugal design (both horizontal and vertical).

MZT Pumpi has manufactured and installed 12 pump aggregates for different mines, for the company Elektroprivreda, Bosnia & Herzegovina. The pumps are indented for the transport of drainage water for mine pits with a flow up to 933 [m3/h] and head up to 258[m]. The supplied pumps have a multistage centrifugal design (both horizontal and vertical).

The capacity was ranging between: 17-933 [m3/h], head 12-258[m]. MZT Pumpi has specialized in the production of industrial pumps transport or water, oil and oil derivatives, in the region of SouthEastern Europe for more than 70 years. Its production facilities are located in the industrial suburb of the capital of Republic of Macedonia – Skopje. www.pumpi.com.mk

The XFL- and XLE-Series meet the standards required in hazardous locations. Available in ½ and ¾ hp, these pumps have been certified to Class 1, Division 1, Groups C & D and Class 1, Zone 1, Groups IIA and IIB.

Liberty Pumps is a privately held, family owned company located in Bergen, New York, founded in 1965. The company is a domestic manufacturer of sump, sewage and effluent pumps for the professional trade in North America. www.libertypumps.com

Both series feature a dual-sized discharge, 2-vane semi-open cast iron impeller (bronze optional), epoxy powder coat finish, dual silicon carbide shaft seals with seal fail sensor and stainless steel fasteners. In addition, Liberty has added the ISS- and ISD-Series intrinsically safe control panels for use with X-Series pumps.

The XFL50 explosion-proof pump.

Local

Independence. This is How I

Perform. THOUSANDS OF PUMPS HAVE NEVER SEIZED. Pumps fitted with GRAPHALLOY® wear parts survive upsets. GRAPHALLOY® bushings and case rings: • Run dry, keep on running • Run hot, cold, wet or dry • Reduce maintenance • New pumps or retrofits • Non-galling • Self-lubricating • -400°F to 1,000°F -240°C to 535°C+ • Corrosion resistant

Independent welding in agriculture has become

GRAPHITE METALLIZING

reality with UTPperform.

CORPORATION Yonkers, NY 10703 U.S.A. ISO 9001:2000

voestalpine Böhler Welding www.voestalpine.com/welding

PWR9a

TEL. 914.968.8400 • WWW.GRAPHALLOY.COM

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March 2016

Cmap

Centrifugal compressor performance prediction D

ata presentation is one of the main difficulties for the analysis of centrifugal compressors operative performances. However, actual performance is strictly related to field inlet gas conditions. Cmap software is designed to evaluate performance and predict the machine performances under different operative conditions.

One of the main difficulties for the analysis of centrifugal compressors operative performances comes from how the data is presented. Expected performances is generally described in

inlet pressure and temperature. However, actual performances is strictly related to field inlet gas condition that are actual different from design conditions. Cmap is a software tool for PC, windows

"Cmap is a powerful and easy tool that predicts the machine performances under different conditions." terms of graphs of discharge pressures, discharge temperatures, polytrophic heads, efficiencies and absorbed power, related to the design inlet gas conditions, i.e. gas mix composition,

based, designed to perform easily and quickly centrifugal compressors performance evaluations. Cmap has been built in order to give to the centrifugal compressor analyst or industry

Figure 2: Compressor performances can be compared when obtained with the same inlet conditions.

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user, a powerful and easy tool to predict the machine performances under different operative conditions. For a centrifugal compressor, performance is strictly linked to the inlet gas conditions (Figure 1). Also note that it isn’t possible to accurately compare different inlet conditions. It is necessary to adjust and align performances to the same reference inlet conditions (Figure 2). When attempting to evaluating performances by comparison between field measured parameters and expected parameters, the special trick is then remember that one of the two performances need to be manipulated and adjusted to

Figure 1: Compressor performances map are valid for specified inlet gas conditions.

the inlet conditions of the second one. In brief inlet conditions need to be homogeneous (see Figure 3 for concept flow).

Figure 3: Schematic flow diagram for compressor performance calculation.

0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Product focus WORLD PUMPS

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March 2016

D1: design 1 condition

D2: design 2 condition

discharge pressures and temperatures map for different running speeds efficiency and polytropic head map for different running speeds.

discharge pressures and temperatures map for different running speeds efficiency and polytropic head map for different running speeds.

Gas Mixture 1

Gas Mixture 1

Pressure 1: 40.2 bar a Temperature 1: 50°C

Pressure 2: 53.2 bar a Temperature 2: 37.8°C

Table 1.

Figure 4: Design performances, adjusted to actual (field/test) performances can be used as reference for measured performances evaluation.

fully automated way and will produce the expected compressor performances for inlet pressures, inlet temperatures and gas mix compositions different for design / reference ones. The software is easy and intuitive, and will provide also automatic storage of data in a project archives for quick consultation and historic trends. Cmap is structured to

allow to analysts and engineers to build their own machinery database and to maintain records of all executed calculations. Let us consider the case of availability of centrifugal compressor performances i.e. pressures and temperatures (Figure 5). Once finished the project set up, the software has all necessary data

Well-Matched Components. This is How I Using

Perform. Figure 5: Typical centrifugal compressor performances curve (discharge pressure vs inlet flow and discharge temperature vs inlet flow) for a fixed speed.

In order to proceed to performances evaluation comparison we’ve applied this method in the following steps: Step 1. Expected performances related to design inlet conditions have been adjusted to field suction conditions. Step 2. Field performances are compared to adjusted expected performances. At this point it’s possible to proceed to the comparison of the

expected performances to the field performances being both referenced to the same inlet conditions (Figure 4).

Software The starting point is the availability of a centrifugal compressor performance curve, the relevant gas mix composition and thermodynamic conditions (pressure and temperature). Having this inputs data available, the software will perform all complex calculation in

Independent welding in the oil & gas industry has become reality with UTPperform. voestalpine Böhler Welding www.voestalpine.com/welding

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Product focus

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March 2016

Figure 6: Software calculation output (performances map) screenshot.

Figure 7: Software calculation output (performances map) screenshot.

to perform calculations. The following step is then to launch the calculation task. To execute this task it’s needed only few seconds to input the new gas mix, and launch the calculation for new inlet pressures and temperatures (Figure 6).

conditions, Analysis provided an evaluation of performance and a comparison to design values. Centrifugal compressor performances map in two different inlet conditions of pressure and temperature were available, (Table 1).

After this first calculation step it is possible to run a performances analysis tool that allows to compare field measured data with expected data (Figure 7).

Case study Once calculations completed, the software will respond displaying the new compressor performances map.

The compressor under study was running under off design inlet

Starting from the curves of the D1 condition, the expected performance curves in the D2 have been calculated using the software Cmap. The obtained curves, D2calc, have been than compared to the D2 curves available as input. The following graphics (Figures 8 – 11) compare the D2calc (x points), obtained with the software Cmap, versus D2 (continuous line) performances curves.

Figure 8: Centrifugal compressor design performances comparison to calculated performances (discharge pressure)

Figure 9: Centrifugal compressor design performances comparison to calculated performances (discharge Temperature)

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It should be noted how the curves almost overlap: the maximum error calculated is less than 0.2% (polytropic work at maximum speed). Measured errors have been considered tolerable for the purpose of the evaluation of compressor field performance. This confirms the capability of the proposed method to predict compressor performances aligned with design ratings. One application of the proposed method is on surge protection systems and for diagnostic purposes. Typical centrifugal compressors protection systems are based on simplified algorithms that use basically the inlet flow, suction and discharge pressures and temperatures. These actual algorithms, are based on a basic surge locus equation obtained under simpli-

fied hypothesis such as the ideal gas law, validity of hydraulic affinity laws, reference gas mix and inlet conditions. These algorithms are consequently completly dependent on the suction thermodynamic parameters (pressure, temperature and gas mix composition): the protection action is than rigidly linked to design suction parameters and remains valid only for the design specified gas mix. Therefore these systems provide a limited surge protection valid in a small operative range around the design conditions. The compressor protection is not correctly active when inlet conditions move to off design values, especially when approaching the high pressures range where introduced errors do not allow to provide enough accurate predictions for more severe applications

Inefficient protection Consequently the protection of these algorithms is partial and limited. When the compressor is requested to operate outside the design conditions, the protection action may become inefficient and potentially can cause the damaging of the compressor. A technical difficultiy in achieving effective and complete protection of compressor from surge phenomenon is caused by the fact that in reality, also surge limits are dependent on the gas mixture and on the thermodynamic suction conditions (temperature and pressure).

Product focus WORLD PUMPS

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March 2016

The proposed method for prediction of centrifugal performaces can be profitably used to predict centrifugal compressor overall performances in every inlet conditions and then to detect surge points in every operative condition. The application of the proposed methods allows also a new kind of diagnostic capabilities. Infact the software is able to store automatically data and to provide a real time indication of the compressor efficiency and comparison with expected ones.

Figure 10: Centrifugal compressor design performances comparison to calculated performances (polytropic efficiency).

IPC This is a powerfull feature that permits to have continuous indication about how much the machine behaviour is alligned with design expectations. These evaluations can be than used to have historian trends and to build pictures of the machine status along the operation period. Collected data will be useful to support decision making on predictive maintenance activities plans and operations

Conclusions

IPC specializes in engineering services for the process industry (chemical, petrochemical, power generation), offering technical services and technology solutions for machinery, systems, plant devices such as turbo machinery (gas and steam turbines, compressors, pumps) and relevant monitoring control and protection systems.

Figure 11: Centrifugal compressor design performances comparison to calculated performances (polytropic Work).

IPC services include: plant unit engineering, operations supervision, inspection diagnosis and troubleshooting for plants.

PERFORM

Methods proposed and described in this paper can allow to: • Predict the performances of a centrifugal compressor under varying thermodynamic conditions of the inlet gas. The prediction of compressor performances is accurate even at high pressures, where the ideal gas theory commonly used introduces considerable errors. • Analyze the performance of the compressor during operation and compare them with those expected provided by the manufacturer. • Implement advanced protection from surge, overcoming limits of the current technology. • Have useful indications on the health of the compressor (diagnostics) based on the capability to

YOUR OWN WAY!

analyze the performances and efficiency of the machine in a simple and immediate way. • Support decisions and planning of predictive maintenance and activities. • The methods and software tools have been validated versus many compressor technical data, and versus all the available scientific papers on thermodynamic gas theories developed in the hydrocarbons research field.

The independent welding system „ High Performance Electrodes „ High Performance Power Source „ High Performance Welding Results

UTPperform is a unique welding system that allows you to weld independently of any stationary power supply – anytime and everywhere. A machine designed for the demands of independent people who go for individual welding performance. Welding filler metals designed for the special welding requirements even under toughest conditions. Check out your live independent welding demo at: www.utp-maintenance.com/perform

•

Contact Massimiliano Di Febo, IPC operation manager Email: [email protected] Pasquale Paganini, IPC technical manager, Email: [email protected] Website: www.ipc-eng.com

voestalpine Böhler Welding www.voestalpine.com/welding

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Oil & gas

Bearing installations stand the test of time I

n the mid-1990s NAM set out to find the most costeffective way to extract gas from Europe’s largest natural gas field. This article explains why Waukesha Magnetic Bearings was chosen to provide the magnetic bearings for every motor-compressor string in the project.

Project overview Groningen, Europe’s largest natural gas field, located in the Netherlands, was discovered in 1959. Production began in 1963 and by the end of the decade, nearly 50% of the field’s reserves were depleted. Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij (NAM), a joint venture between Royal Dutch Shell and ExxonMobil, was created in the mid-1990s to find the most cost-effective way to extract gas from the field and extend the life of its reserves, ensuring the field could continue to supply the region.

By upgrading the field’s equipment, including installation of motors and compressors, the field could supply gas to all of the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium for an additional 40 years. The challenge was to provide at least 87% availability and a low total cost of ownership.

Solving the challenge When Waukesha Magnetic Bearings (WMB) joined the project, it utilized its latest technology expertise to solve a

problem that other industry leaders had deemed impossible due to the wide speed range involving several critical rotor speeds. In fact, it is claimed that NAM was told “It can’t be done” by the other manufacturers it approached. WMB partnered with Siemens to install three radial active magnetic bearings for the motor, two radial and one thrust active magnetic bearing on the compressor, and a digital controller with analog amplifiers. The system allows for remote monitoring and diagnostics and frequent fully automated remote startups. Robust bushing-style auxiliary bearings were selected for their high investment protection and ability to provide remote condition observability. The controller and auxiliary bearings were fully qualified before product delivery on WMB’s magnetic bearing and auxiliary bearing test rig. Featuring a rotor mass of 1.5 tons, the test rig is comparable in scale to the large turbomachinery typically used in the oil & gas industry.

Motor during factory test.

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In addition to handling the wide compressor speed range with minimal vibration and noise, the AMB system met user requirements for high reliability, high energy efficiency, low maintenance and low investment cost. Using magnetic bearings instead of traditional fluid film bearings eliminated the need for additional building construction to 0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

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Facts at a glance Application: • Natural gas compression, extracting gas from underground wells utilizing 23 megawatts of electric power Products used: • Three radial active magnetic bearings for the motor • Two radial and one thrust active magnetic bearing on the compressor • One digital controller with analog amplifiers Benefits: • Proven availability exceeds 99.9% across 20 installations • Low life cycle cost for initial installation and continuing operating costs • Minimal maintenance costs • Complete versatility to operate throughout the speed range from very low speed to high speed with good vibration control • Environmentally friendly, efficient design

Waukesha Magnetic Bearings test rig, the largest test rig of its type in the world.

house a lubrication system. This reduced costs and provided a simpler, cleaner, more efficient design to lessen the environmental footprint. There are a total of 20 magnetic bearingequipped motor-compressor strings at the

Groningen field, and magnetic bearings from WMB were installed in each of them. The machines varied significantly in the number of stages, hence the dynamics of the rotor, but WMB was able to adjust for the different rotordynamics through software changes in the controllers.

Performance counts NAM’s original goal was to provide 87% availability with the lowest total cost of ownership. Analyzing the results after 17 years, the magnetic bearings from WMB exceeded expectations, providing over 99.9% availability and an investment cost savings of 35%, all while saving on energy costs. “In the end it is the performance that counts and when I look at the performance, it is amazing,” said Wim de Groot, retired rotating equipment engineer, NAM GLT.

Versatility with magnetic bearings Magnetic bearing systems are able to accommodate a wide variety of rotating equipment, so applications other than large natural gas fields can reap the benefits of magnetic bearing technology. Magnetic bearings have achieved high availability, cost savings and environmentally responsible operation in steam turbines, generators, turbo-expanders, pumps, blowers, compressors and motors in natural gas production and pipelines, oil fields, the chemical industry, the refrigeration industry and more.

•

NAM motor (right) and compressor bundle (left) being installed at the Groningen site.

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www.waukeshabearings.com

API 610 OH2 PUMP TYPE KPP / KPU Petroleum Chemical Process Pump

Xinjiang Dushanzi Petrochemical Plant

SINCE 1954

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Application

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March 2016

Oil & gas

Flow assurance for offshore production M

etering pumps are relatively small components on a production platform but they perform a critical role. This article takes a look at how metering pumps were customized to effectively deliver chemicals to record depths, for deep offshore production in Indonesia.

Milton Roy’s Primeroyal R triplex metering pumps that were specially-configured to the meet the project requirements.

Today, deep water activity throughout Asia Pacific outpaces traditional offshore activities in many parts of the world. This trend is growing in Indonesia which is accelerating offshore production to address its own domestic needs. With a population of more than 250 million people, Indonesia is the most populous country in Southeast Asia and the fourth most populous country in the www.worldpumps.com

world, behind China, India and the United States. The country’s total energy consumption grew by more than 40% over the last decade according to the Indonesian government. Natural gas, which has previously accounted for just 15% of the country’s energy mix, is expected to play a much larger role in the energy mix moving forward. By 2025, the government plans

to reduce its reliance on oil, and double its natural gas consumption to more than 30%, to meet its domestic needs. To meet this goal, Indonesia will need to tap its western ocean basins which are rich in resources, with fields such as Gendalo, Maha, Gandang, Gehem and Bangka containing up to four Trillion Cubic Feet (Tcf ) of recoverable gas reserves. 0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

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Application March 2016

A challenge in exploiting these energy rich basins is the presence of gas condensates which exist in many of

metering pumps must be configurable through a modular design, and they must be powerful enough to deliver reli-

"When working in deep water environments, power and performance matter." these offshore fields, along with the presence of natural-gas hydrates; ice-like solids that form when light hydrocarbons and water mix under high pressure and low temperature. Hydrates not only restrict flow, but they can also form solid plugs that can block production and damage equipment.

Overcoming depth, pressure and power challenges Preventing hydrate formation and corrosion is mitigated with the help of chemical inhibitors that are delivered continuously or intermittently by metering pumps. In order to effectively deliver these inhibitors, high pressures are required to overcome friction losses in the long piping runs required to reach the deep fields. Because many of these chemicals are toxic, an efficient delivery with minimal leakage is required. To accommodate different operator production and structure requirements,

able fluid flow to the required depths efficiently to ensure hydrate inhibitors reach the wellhead with minimal leakage. When working in deep water environments, power and performance matter. Beyond the ability to deliver chemicals thousands of feet below the ocean surface, operations also need to extend far below the seabed, where backpressure can measure five to seven times greater than the pressure on the seafloor. Delivering massive amounts of hydraulic power is a requirement, but it cannot be accomplished through tradeoffs in efficiency. Electrical energy is a precious commodity in offshore environments that need to autonomously produce their own electricity – so any pump deployed in these job sites must be efficient. Although power, efficiency and flexibility are important, the one require-

ment that tops the list is reliability. Metering pumps are relatively small components on a production platform or floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel, but they perform a critical role. If the chemicals they deliver stop flowing for any reason, the entire production can come to a halt. Because the value of a single day’s production far exceeds the cost of the pump, it is easy to see why reliability is paramount.

Pump design considerations and engineering An operator offshore Indonesia was expanding their Production Sharing Contract (PSC), by adding new wells at depths of 3,200 feet – which represented one of the deepest projects ever undertaken in this part of the world. For this project, the metering pumps selected would have to be able to address pressures of 579 bar (8,397 PSI) and be able to maintain that pressure throughout the well’s entire lifecycle. In selecting the right type of metering pump, the operator considered a number of factors, starting with a modular and configurable design that could include different liquid end options. They also required variable stroke length, and adjustable flow capabilities, to be able to address the wide range of flow assurance chemicals and corrosion inhibitors required at the job site.

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able to make a series of drive and stroke adjustments to achieve the 1,200 L/H that were required by the operator.

Technology and testing All of the modifications and testing were completed at Milton Roy’s manufacturing facility in France. Its in-house testing facility performed a number of API 675 tests, including Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) tests, and hydrostatic tests that exceeded pressures required for the project (up to 955 bar). They also ran steady state accuracy, linearity and repeatability tests from 10 to 100% flow rates, and custom modifications were made to collect leakage from the plunger and return it to the suction line. As a result, the pumps ensure zero external leakage for up to 20,000 hours.

Performance ratings of Primeroyal Triplex Pumps.

Conclusion Through a long and trusted relationship with the Engineering and Procurement Contractor (EPC), Milton Roy’s engineering team was able to get involved at the outset of this project. The successful delivery illustrates the value of detailed planning, a thorough understanding of project requirements, customization to create a tailored solution, and comprehensive testing to ensure that the modifications made successfully addressed the operator’s requirements.

The packed plunger liquid end offers the best performance when net-positive inlet pressure is an issue.

After a comprehensive evaluation, four sets of Milton Roy Primeroyal triplex metering pumps were selected, and an additional twenty API pumps were delivered to provide injections for corrosion/ wax/scale inhibitors and demulsifiers. A series of modifications were required to address the operator’s requirements. These included the ability to accurately dose monoethylene glycol (MEG) and other corrosion inhibitors to the required depth of 3,200 feet - and they also needed the capability to withstand pressures of up to 579 bar (8,397 PSI) with flow rates up to 1,200 liters/hour. At the customer’s request, the Primeroyal pumps were fitted with Milton Roy’s latest Packed Plunger NX Liquid End, which is www.worldpumps.com

specifically designed to reach higher pressures and higher flow rates. The packed plunger liquid end is best suited for projects where net-positive inlet pressure is an issue. With the packed plunger liquid end, the plunger comes in direct contact with the process fluid to provide efficient handling of viscous fluids. The liquid end is designed to handle temperatures as high as 315°C (600°F), with pressures up to 1,000 bar (14,504 PSI). The plunger has a field-tested track record of providing more than 20,000 hours of continuous operation with limited maintenance. Milton Roy’s engineers also made adjustments to the pump’s variable eccentric drive. Because of the pump’s broad turndown capabilities, the engineers were

A part of the first deepwater oil and gas project in Indonesia, and with the equipment in place, the field is designed to produce 115 Million Standard Cubic Feet per Day (MMSCFD) and will be processed from a floating production unit (FPU). The project and other gas condensate fields in Indonesia’s western ocean basins will play a vital role serving Indonesia’s growing domestic energy consumption needs, and companies like Milton Roy will continue to provide the innovation and the technology needed to help meet these needs.

•

Contact Melvin Teo, General Manager, Flow Control Asia, Milton Roy, Singapore, China Phone: +65 65682800 Email: [email protected] Web: www.miltonroy.com

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General processing

Durable hand protection from hazards H

and protection is critical to working safely with hazardous manufacturing applications. This article looks at how Torishima Pumps found Globus’ Showa gloves not only reduced cut finger incidents but lasted longer, making savings for the company.

Torishima Pumps, of Osaka, Japan, manufactures centrifugal pumps for a wide range of applications and is the parent company for Dubai based Torishima Service Solutions. The Dubai company provides a pump overhaul, maintenance and emergency breakdown service for the parent company across the Middle East region. These pumps are often used in water transmission, power plants and sewage. As well as providing a service, Torishima Service Solutions manufactures pump parts. Torishima Service Solutions started as a small entity some five years ago with five or six staff but now employs a workforce of 90. The 30 glove-wearing staff wore general standard issue gloves which were often discarded at lunchtime, sometimes simply because they were dirty. The company decided to find an alternative solution to improve hand protection and reduce hand injuries. Any potential cost savings could also be assessed.

staff work with 8 to 10 metre long pumps which have to be dismantled, overhauled, cleaned with solvents and put back into operation as quickly as possible. Machinery is sometimes rusty and may have traces of contaminants. In the machine shop, gloves are worn to protect hands while setting up machinery, operating cranes and handling sharp components which may be oily. A Globus hand protection expert worked with the employees who tested potential gloves and gave feedback, in order to source the most appropriate solution for the company. By involving the workforce at an early stage, employees provide valuable insight into any problems and possible solutions and are more likely to wear and look after their gloves, rather than discarding them.

loss of dexterity, matched with an appropriate level of cut resistance. Comfort and dexterity were vital to enable Torishima workers to handle small components efficiently. The Showa 380 embossed nitrile foam grip glove was chosen for general purpose handling duties in light oily and greasy environments. The palm has an embossed grip pattern which channels the oil and grease efficiently allowing workers’ hands to maintain a strong grip. This glove offers far more grip than a standard nitrile glove of its type. As well as providing protection for Torishima’s workers, the Showa 380 provides a comfortable fit. The seamless nylon knit liner and anatomical shape bolsters comfort and dexterity with no loss of mechanical resistance. The EN388 certified glove for mechanical hazards suits a range of applications from mechanical, to machinery and maintenance in dry or light oily conditions.

Optimum protection Glove trials Globus EMEA was brought in to assess the company’s glove requirements at their 2100 m2 site in Dubai. Assembly www.worldpumps.com

Following the glove trials and hand protection survey, two durable gloves were specified from the Showa portfolio. The gloves which were chosen provide optimum protection without

The Showa 541 cut resistant Polyurethane (PU) palm-coated glove was chosen for workers exposed to cut risk hazards. It consists of a seamless knit, with a High Performance Poly Ethylene (HPPE) liner 0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

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Application March 2016

and an elasticated cuff. The glove is flexible and durable providing effective protection against cuts and is also very resistant to abrasion. It’s elastic and breathable and allows the back of the hand to breathe to reduce perspiration. The glove is certified to EN388 at cut level 3. Robert Walker, the Workshop Manager, at Torishima Service Solutions, explained: “Health and safety is of paramount importance to us – we don’t want any injuries to hands and fingers – workers should be able to go home at the end of a shift in the same condition as they arrive in. The hand protection solution we have chosen is designed to protect our workers’ hands from cuts and from contaminants on the machinery. After all, we should all feel safe in the jobs that we do. It’s also very useful to have Globus on hand in Dubai.”

The Showa 541 cut resistant Polyurethane (PU) palm-coated glove was chosen for workers exposed to cut risk hazards.

Globus has also provided the employees with advice on how to look after their gloves. This has been useful as the workers appear to value their gloves. They are no longer disposed of unnecessarily or carelessly cast aside. Instead workers go out of their way to put their names in them, look after and wash them.

Savings add up Since Torishima Service Solutions supplied durable Showa gloves, instead of regular industry standard gloves, to its Dubai workforce there have been no cut finger incidents for over a year. As well as better protection, the old dirty gloves used to be discarded at lunchtime, but now the Showa gloves are lasting for a number of weeks.

The seamless nylon knit liner and anatomical shape bolsters comfort and dexterity with no loss of mechanical resistance.

The gloves may initially be more expensive, but in the long run with far fewer glove changes and the facility to wash them, the cost savings add up. There are

environmental savings too because less waste helps to protect the planet. By working with Globus to protect employees and save waste, Torishima has

been able to enhance its corporate social responsibility values too.

•

www.globusgroup.com/gcc

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Pulp & paper

Plug and play pump benefits printing plant W

hen a European printing company needed to make major repairs to one of its fixed speed vacuum pumps it reassessed their combined operation to establish potential savings that could be made. They chose a new VSD-driven vacuum pump from Atlas Copco.

Polestar is Europe’s largest independent printing company and is predicted to save more than £10,000 off the annual energy bill at its Sheffield printing plant by adopting a new VSD-driven vacuum pump from Atlas Copco. When Polestar was confronted with the need to make major repairs to one of its three existing fixed speed vacuum pumps at its £100 million purpose-built Sheffield Gravure plant, a production site that has received environmental awards for its green credentials, the company re-assessed its combined operation to establish the potential savings that could be made by installing a more energyefficient replacement.

Polestar’s printing site in Sheffield, UK, produces around 2.5 million high-quality catalogues, magazines, brochures and supplements every 24 hours.

Clear synergies Recognising the clear synergies between compressed air and vacuum in the field of air movement, it was a logical move by Polestar Sheffield to seek the recommendations of Halifax-based Pennine Pneumatic Services (PPS) for the optimum solution to their vacuum needs. Atlas Copco Compressors’ premier distributor in Yorkshire, PPS has been a long term supplier of compressed air systems, both fixed speed and VSDdriven, pipework and maintenance services to the company. As a result, a GHS900 VSD+, one of Atlas Copco's new generation of intelligent, www.worldpumps.com

Printing production line at Polestar, Sheffield, UK.

0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

WORLD PUMPS

Application March 2016

oil-sealed, plug-and-play rotary screw vacuum pumps, was installed on a trial basis to show how it could deliver peak performance at the required operating pressure, and help achieve substantial energy savings. Of the three existing units, the two smaller fixed speed vacuum pumps previously used by Polestar Sheffield were running at approximately 20 kW an hour (one rated at 11 kW and the other at 9.7kW combined). The single GHS VSD+ vacuum pump that replaced them is a 15 kW unit, which operates at approximately 20% load, equating to just 4 kW. Based on an operation of 8,000 hours per annum, the estimated savings are expected to exceed £10,000 (16 KW x £0.08 x 8,000 hours).

New vacuum pump technology The Atlas Copco GHS VSD+ vacuum pump system plays an essential role within the transfer of work from the presses to the print finishing and bindery operations The GHS 350-900 VSD+ range, generates a nominal displacement of up to 900 m3/h, incorporates VSD technology that enables users to adapt their vacuum generation requirements to match the demands of their process. The GHS VSD+ vacuum pump only delivers energy and performance when and where it is needed. If demand drops to half it only delivers half, and the power consumed is halved. The GHS VSD+ range is designed to aid a range of manufacturing industries, such as food and meat processing, bottling, canning, plastics, packaging, printing, paper, electronics, woodworking, house vacuum and central systems. Typical applications include lifting and handling, forming and shaping, vacuum packing, preservation, freeze drying, pick and place and pneumatic conveying. The range offers energy recovery features on the larger models, which leads to minimal hot air carry-over in the workplace and air-conditioned production environments.

Advanced technology Ensuring reliability and harnessing advanced technology are key to Polestar Sheffield's success, which has led to the site winning the prestigious ERA (European Rotogravure Association) printing award. While the gravure process is traditionally employed for long print runs, the latest engraving technology allows for short-run work with significant paper usage savings. Polestar’s elite printing site produces around 2.5 million highquality catalogues, magazines, brochures and supplements every 24 hours. These include many of the top consumer magazines including weekly TV listing titles and national newspaper supplements. A vacuum system plays an essential role within the transfer of work from the presses to the print finishing and bindery operations. In addition to its modern rotary gravure printing facilities, Polestar’s £34 million investment has included a purpose-built web offset 96- and 64-page size press installation together with multiple stitching stations.

Rough vacuum technology

As Simon Robinson, engineering manager at Polestar Sheffield explains: “We pride ourselves on using the latest technology and continually look at ways to save energy which is why it made absolute sense to accept PPS’ recommendation to trial a variable speed drive rotary screw vacuum pump. The Atlas Copco GSH900VSD+ has proved a success and the projections are for major savings on our energy bills over the course of a year.”

The GHS 350-900VSD+ rotary screw vacuum pump range is an advance in rough vacuum technology that is based on Atlas Copco’s advanced screw compressor principles. The GHS VSD+ range offers benefits to manufacturers. According to the manufacturers, these include average energy savings of 50% compared to conventional oil-sealed and dry vane pumps, as well as best-inclass noise levels and oil retention properties. Primarily, its VSD technology enables users to precisely adapt their

vacuum generation requirements to match the demands of their production processes. With approximately three quarters of all UK companies that employ rough vacuum requiring oil injected pumps, which are traditionally fixed speed, there is massive potential for energy savings derived from the new VSD technology to be gained across many sectors of UK manufacturing industry.

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www.atlascopco.co.uk/compressorsuk www.worldpumps.com

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Power generation

Chinese nuclear power industry ambitions T

he Power and Energy division of SPX FLOW was formed to meet the needs of the international energy market. Colin Elcoate of SPX Flow discusses developments in China, new opportunities in power generation and what structure an organisation now requires to succeed with World Pumps.

Spun-off from SPX Corporation in September 2015, SPX Flow, Inc. was formed to pursue a more flow-focused strategy and capitalise on the organisation’s strengths for the global food and beverage, power and energy and industrial markets. SPX first acquired a flowrelated business, Lightnin Mixers, in 1998 through the merger with General

Signal. Three more companies joined in 2001 – Waukesha Cherry-Burrell pumps and valves, Brann+Luebbe metering and dosing pumps and Dollinger filtration products – in the acquisition of United Dominion Industries. There were further smaller acquisitions of Copes Vulcan, M&J Valve, Hankison and Johnson Pump, and all the businesses were consolidated under a single management team. By 2007 the flow business had grown to annual revenues of more than $1 billion and the company focused on specific end-markets – process equipment for food and beverage, air treatment products and pumps, and flow control products for the power and energy markets.

Colin Elcoate, vice-president Business Development, Power of SPX Flow.

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Leading supplier to the dairy and food industry APV was acquired in 2007, while the purchase of ClydeUnion Pumps in 2011 significantly expanded the global reach of the company in the power and energy industry. ClydeUnion had been formed through the combination of Clyde Pumps and Union Pumps, Clyde Pumps having previously acquired the Weir Pumps business in 2007. With the ClydeUnion acquisition, the final product lines of SPX Flow were greatly increased and include critical pressure pumps, metering systems, dosing pumps, speciality valves and valve

closures, chemical injection skids, filtration and air dehydration equipment. The Power and Energy division of SPX Flow now serves the oil and gas industry, nuclear and other conventional power industries.

Nuclear developments in China One of the major growth areas for SPX Flow recently in the power and energy sector has been in the Chinese nuclear industry. As Colin Elcoate, vice-president Business Development, Power of SPX Flow explains, the company’s historic strength in the country has been a major building block. “China has been a stronghold for us for some time,” he says. “We had established a good installation base of 300-400 pumps through a wide variety of projects all over the country. Consequently we needed to look at how we serviced these installations. The Chinese nuclear industry is quite a closeknit community, so we decided that the best way was to establish regional meetings where we could meet the engineers and inform them of all the latest advances and upgrades. In this way we have been able to build strong links within the industry.” However, as the Chinese nuclear industry has developed, a much greater 0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

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quantity of process equipment has been sourced locally rather than imported. Colin Elcoate explains: “This has occurred through a mixture of the establishment of local companies designing and building their own products and joint ventures with overseas companies, through to companies wholly-owned by overseas producers but with a Chinese manufacturing facility. However, China has big ambitions in the nuclear industry and we are very keen to be a part of it.” China has embarked on a transformation of its energy mix. There are currently initiatives to improve the environmental footprint of the coal power generating industry, while the development of gas powered stations are also underway. In addition, there is considerable investment in the renewable energy sector at present. However, nuclear energy is firmly part of this mix and China continues to plan new projects every year. “China is looking for a balanced portfolio in its energy market, but to meet demand and help address environmental issues nuclear is going to be a huge part of what they do,” says Colin Elcoate. “They also see it as a big opportunity to develop technology for the future and use this expertise in nuclear projects elsewhere in the world. So we are now seeing them coming to the market with new designs for export

to grow this capability in Europe, so they can take this back to China when it is required.” Chinese nuclear expertise now extends across a number of key technologies – small modular rectors, fast breeder reactors to Generation IV reactors. “China has a great many operational reactors right now,” adds Colin Elcoate. “They are gaining experience at a more rapid rate than the rest of the world, because no-one else is building any new facilities. China now has a lot of experienced people in the industry and their capability is fantastic. They have built US, Canadian, Russian and French reactors at home, and have learned from all these experiences.” SPX Flow is now actively pursuing some of these new opportunities available in the Chinese nuclear industry. “We are seeing three to four new projects a year in China and we have started early engagement in their export projects, for which the timing is still uncertain. However, it is a fascinating dynamic,” says Colin Elcoate.

Pump market over-capacity While the long term future for the Chinese nuclear sector looks good, there have been problems in the local pump industry. Although there are many

"China has big ambitions in the nuclear industry and we are very keen to be a part of it." markets. This presents us with new opportunities because many of the Chinese suppliers do not have a global support network. As a result they are interested in forming partnerships with western companies to meet these export opportunities. “They are also investing in decommissioning and have established a European office to service this. Having built all these reactors in China, they are ultimately going to face the same decommissioning and clean up issues that the rest of the world does, so they are now investing in that knowledge. They want

A large concrete volute pump being installed in China. These pumps are made by ClydeUnion Pumps in Glasgow, UK.

factors at play, Colin Elcoate believes that between all the western OEMs and local suppliers, there is definitely over-capacity in the pump market at the moment and the Fukushima disaster in Japan was a major factor. “After Fukushima, every nuclear project in the world stopped and the biggest impact was felt in China,” he says. “We managed to continue to service existing power stations undertaking upgrades and safety work, however, new projects have only gradually come back on-line.” Another major factor has been the fall in the price of oil. As a consequence oil

A residual heat removal pump, which is now being delivered to Tian Wan in China.

industry investment has been significantly curtailed and this has had an impact on the pump industry. “The thing about the power industry is that it never goes crazy – it just continues growing at 2-3% per year across the globe,” explains Colin Elcoate. “So what has happened in the short term is that pump manufacturers serving both these sectors have refocused their efforts on the power industry and the market has got very competitive. Companies have had to deal with a short term lack of demand and it has been an interesting challenge for everyone.”

Power industry projects However, the time scale of power industry projects mean that suppliers can ride out economic cycles. “For a nuclear project, from the first conversation to receipt of a purchase order can be five years,” explains Colin Elcoate. “In big oil industry schemes this can be two to three years, while downstream projects may be a year. So we do tend to be on a slightly different economic cycle.” www.worldpumps.com

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the power industry for 100 years. The one thing that you will always be asked for when submitting a bid is the number of these pumps you have installed around the world.”

A safety injection pump made at SPX Flow’s nuclear equipment production facility in Annecy, France.

The fall in the price of oil and gas can also provide opportunities in the power generation industry. Colin Elcoate continues: “What has happened in the USA is that gas has become cheap and environmental pressures have placed increased regulations on coal fired power stations. So the shift in the Americas, and the USA in particular, has been towards combined cycle power plants which have been a great opportunity for us. We are seeing 30-40 combined cycle projects a year at present.”

As well as a track record in the industry Colin Elcoate adds that SPX Flow offers a wealth of experienced people in the power industry. “We have a proactive sales force,” he explains. “The first look at a particular market is undertaken by business development. They look at global trends and projects coming up. Projects are identified prior to the selection of an EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) company. For example, for a combined cycle power plant we may identify and contact many of the relevant EPCs, who will request a budget price for pumps as part of the overall bid. When the EPC is selected, firm requests for a quote will be sought and this is where our business development and commercial sales people engaging with the end-user can get involved. We might be able to provide some understanding or contextualise the requirements and see if there is something that we have to offer the EPC or other stakeholders that might

March 2016

pump ultimately meets the specification. Finally, we maintain executive-level contact perhaps once or twice a year. This is where we can discuss how the job has been going outside of the project environment, as well as future collaborations.” However, managing a project and keeping contact down to the optimum number is also a consideration. “We all need to run a lean workforce,” adds Colin Elcoate. “There will be a lead engineer and lead procurement person, as well as end-user representation. If you are dealing with one office – headquarters or a procurement office – then matters are relatively straightforward. However, for example, if a Spanish EPC has been bidding for a job in Mexico and sourcing parts in India, then you have to juggle this internally.”

Global representation Being able to call on experienced people on the ground throughout the world is another area that Colin Elcoate believes SPX Flow is at an advantage. “Local representation is important,” he says. “From initial engagement right through to after-

Combined-cycle power plants A combined-cycle power plant uses both a gas and a steam turbine together to produce up to 50% more electricity from the same fuel than a traditional simple-cycle plant. The waste heat from the gas turbine is routed to the nearby steam turbine, which generates extra power. “The combined cycle power plant is a much simpler product and a smaller order,” says Colin Elcoate. “It is not a standard product and configured to the facility. SPX Flow can offer a broad range of products for these plants and this has put us in good position in this market.”

"It is a truly global community and people expect you to be on their doorstep." make a difference. However, having the resources and personnel to be able to provide long term support is possibly the most important aspect in establishing relationships with the EPC and the end-user.”

Key accounts Building partnerships Colin Elcoate believes that history is firmly on SPX Flow’s side when it comes to building strong business partnerships and bidding for pump contracts in the global power generation sector. “The most important thing we have is heritage,” he says. “Everyone in the industry knows that ClydeUnion acquired the former Weir Pumps business, and that Weir Pumps had been in www.worldpumps.com

Building and maintaining key accounts is also key to being part of a successful bidding process. “With key customers we have three levels of engagement,” explains Colin Elcoate. “Firstly, we have technical people engaged with each other – engineers discussing the latest pump developments. We also hold users’ groups to build relationships and ensure that the end-user is part of the decision-making process and that the

market support, and throughout the life cycle of their project and your product, you have to have someone based locally. They will want a project manager in their own country and when the pump is installed, they will want local engineers doing it. So it is a real advantage if you have people around the world. A lot of the competition in India, South Korea and China have good products, competitively priced and rapid response times, however, they do not have a lot of experienced people elsewhere in the world. In the past we have operated by flying people out from Glasgow to undertake projects around the world. However, those days are now gone. It is a truly global community and people expect you to be on their doorstep.”

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BPMA: 75th anniversary

Taking pumping to a higher level W

ilo and the BPMA share longevity. This year, the BPMA celebrates 75 years – a comparative youngster to Wilo’s 144. To congratulate the BPMA, this article shows how – with the association’s help – Wilo has adapted to radical changes in the pump industry throughout recent years. the UK and in Europe on issues in particular related to legislation and to policing of the challenges that face all pump manufacturers – such as the need to address the import of non-compliant pumps that masquerade as quality products. Gary Wheatley, Training and Technical Manager, Wilo UK, comments, “Wilo has suffered from this issue as much as any manufacturer but even they are amazed at the poor quality of packaging and labelling that counterfeit pumps try to get away with. Some of the more recent attempts are laughable with obvious spelling mistakes even to the brand name. “But it’s the quality of the products which cause most concern – failing to deliver performance anywhere near those of genuine pumps from the manufacturer.”

Total solutions

A Wilo GIGA pump in action in a hospital environment.

In the UK, Wilo is based in Burton-onTrent, with a team of around 100 in offices that serve as the head office, provide an assembly facility, a sizeable warehouse and a training centre. Wilo UK provides pumps for heating, cooling and air-conditioning technology as well as water supply and sewage disposal. www.worldpumps.com

Wilo has been a member of the British Pump Manufacturers Association since the early eighties and sees its membership as an essential business partnership. Apart from the opportunities it offers for networking with others in the sector, Wilo says the BPMA provides the company with a strong voice to lobby in

The pump market is changing and has changed radically in recent years, in many ways and not just in the achievement of higher levels of efficiency. Perhaps the most important change that Wilo has seen is the move away from being just a pump manufacturer, simply supplying pumps that consultants and contractors are ordering for a project. The move has been towards the adoption of a proactive approach to supplying total solutions, offering a total 0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

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response to the need to reduce energy usage, lower energy bills and reduced emissions, whilst seeking new ways of responding to the challenges of modern day building provision and renovation. Every major building relies heavily on pumps of various designs, shapes and sizes to run the heating, air conditioning, chilled water, potable water supply, to

existing pumps with modern high efficiency pumps, designed to do their jobs better, quicker, less expensively, in a more environmentally friendly way and more reliably. In new buildings, where you can start from a blank sheet of paper, Wilo says modern pump technology allows specifiers and consultants to seek the optimum solution for that building

"The payback from modern pumps is usually extremely fast in relation to the capital cost."

Lifecycle costs The key words when looking at systembased solutions are ‘lifecycle costs’. Modern pumps carry a more expensive capital cost than their elderly relatives. The new technology in the modern pumps comes with a price. But Wilo claims the payback from modern pumps is usually extremely fast in relation to the capital cost, because the energy required to run these new pumps is far less. The company also adds that over around a fifteen year lifecycle, huge savings in terms of energy cost can be made, large emission reductions can be shown and with far less energy use come far lower energy bills and maintenance costs for the building.

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Contact distribute harvested rainwater and to remove the sewage and greywater from the building. Their roles are many and various, but all are vital. Wilo says modern pump technology allows these tasks to be undertaken far less expensively in upgrade and renovation projects, simply by replacing elderly

without any restrictions on infrastructure, incorporating system solutions that include the latest pump technology from top to bottom, along with the necessary building management system to take advantage of all that new technology offers, within the budgetary restrictions they will inevitably have to work with.

Lisa Blakemore, Marketing Manager, Wilo UK, Second Avenue, Centrum 100, Burton-upon-Trent, Staffordshire DE14 2WJ Phone: 01283 523000 Email: [email protected] Web: www.wilo.co.uk

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General processing

High working efficiency of rapid custom design M

anufacturers continually strive to provide custom-made pumps, at a low cost and high efficiency. This article discusses how 3D digital prototypes and evaporated pattern casting play an effective role in rapid custom design and production, with maximum energy-savings.

The working efficiency of a pump changes with its operation point, which is the intersection of a flow-head curve for the pump and the flow-pressure drop curve for the pipeline. Traditionally, the pump specifications are available in very limited quantities, while the character of pipeline is endless. Thus in many applications, quite a part of pumps have to operate on the off-design point, more or less. Of course, a custommade design can meet the special requirement and make sure the pump works on the high-efficiency design point even without any additional valve regulation, but how can we balance the custom requirement of pump and its cost of time and expenses? The concepts of custom development and Rapid Response Advanced Manufacturing (RRAM) have been presented and discussed in a lot of forums and adopted in many industries. The demand of custom production for large industrial pumps is also imperative, for which working efficiency is one of the most important performance indicators. For example, for a 1000 kW circulating water pump in a thermal power plant, www.worldpumps.com

An example of a virtual image for a custom pump set, including a pump and its matched coupling, electric motor, intelligent monitor and control device, and metal mounting base.

the electric power cost within its 20 years life cycle could be over 10,000 times more than its original retail price. With a 1% of efficiency enhancement, thousands of pounds will be saved each year. Only when the pump operates on the design point can the highest energy efficiency be possible. Given the relatively small order quantity of high-power pumps, it seems very hard to realize the

custom development of pump in a fast and low cost way. Fortunately, with the progress of computer technology and advanced manufacturing, the rapid custom development of pumps becomes possible. This article summarizes some of the authors' experiences in taking threedimensional Digital Prototype (DP) and 0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

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Evaporated Pattern Casting (EPC) to help realize the above aim.

Requirement definition First of all, comprehensive and clear presale communication must be made between client and manufacturer. Typical essential factors to consider are: Technological parameters − The demand flow rate and head. If necessary, the application engineer should join the client and help to investigate the delivery pipeline system and calculate each pump’s flow rate and head. Property of transmission medium − Physical and chemical properties of the medium, including the name, temperature, density, viscosity, saturated pressure and other special features such as corrosivity and toxicity. If it contains solid particles, then the property of particles like apparent grain density and diameter should also be confirmed. Application Scenario − Restrictions of working area and project cost should be analyzed before determining construction type, pressure level and installation dimension of the pump. The Virtual Reality Scene is helpful for displaying the work site and attracting the client. Reliability and environmental friendliness − Vibration, noise and sealing are closely related to the life cycle and maintenance cost of pump, so the relevant technical detection standard and test grade have to be ascertained. The customer requirement should be transferred into quantitative specifications by designers. And it is necessary for designers to take part in the commercial meeting with customer, discuss the technical, commercial and price details, and finally sign the contract. It is worth mentioning that a fluctuating price contract is recommended, considering design modification is common for custom pumps before the design validation stage. In addition, special material and process requirements for specific parts should be listed in advance for early machining and purchasing.

Digital prototype DP is the use of computer technology to build the digital model of mechanical products and their subsystems, which not

only contains the geometrical characteristics, but also reflects the function and performance features through computer simulation analysis. With DP, the conceptual design, model interation, optimization, validation and visualization of pump can be integrated through parameterized 3D models in the whole development cycle with the lowest interaction cost. Besides, the traditional pump development cycle, Design−Manufacture−Test−Aftersales−Maintenance, can be changed into the customized development process: Design−Analyze−Test validation−Manufacture. During the whole cycle of DP, the virtual simulation with Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) tools is the most essential stage that determines whether the performances of pump can fulfill client needs, so the custom product failure risk can be minimized and controlled before final casting. Hydraulic model. The key of pump efficiency lies in its hydraulic model, which is also the first milestone of the custom development cycle. Designing the hydraulic model for custom pump from ground zero is not recommended, considering the complexity of fluid behavior inside pump. Instead, manufacturers should collect existing excellent hydraulic models as many as possible, and select the optimal one with the same or similar specific speed as the design target from the currently available model library, as the reference basis for further modification. The original hydraulic model can be transformed into a target model with the theory of similarity (for flux and head) and Moody’s Law (for efficiency). For example, the flow rate and head will decrease with the reduction of impeller diameter according to the affinity law of impeller trim. However, simple conversion is not enough for designing finalization, because slight differences of design parameters could be nonlinearly magnified into huge performance differences during conversion process. Therefore, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on Finite Volume Method (FVM) is widely applied for the hydraulic performance prediction and hydraulic model optimization. Most commercial CFD software packages carry out numerical computation by solving the Reynolds Average Navier Stokes equations together with a certain turbulence model to get the mass and momentum conservation equations closed. And the fluid

An example of calculated stress distribution of the guide vane stage of a long shaft pump, with deformation showed by 180 × magnification. Uniform pressure as high as 2.7MPa is loaded to all inner surfaces for strength check.

zone is usually divided into several domains with two different reference frames: the rotating coordinate system for the impeller region, and the fixed coordinate system for others. The setting of boundary conditions should combine factual characteristic of custom pump and designer’s calculation experience. In general, multiple cases with a series of gradually varied inlet conditions are to be computed to predict the whole flow capacity – head and flow capacity – efficiency curves. If the suction performance is the concern, a two-phase fluid problem with cavitation model should be contained in CFD to predict the Net Positive Suction Head Required (NPSHr). Structural design. The structural design for custom pumps usually involves three kinds of problems, the static strength, sealing, and vibration and noise, and all of them must be solved with the help of computer simulation after the final formalization of hydraulic model. The real significance of structure simulation for a custom pump lies more in locating the high safety margin area for its weight reduction other than strength check, which means less material and casting cost under the premise of function fulfilling. Static strength. Qualified static strength is the basis of structural safety. The structural failure risk of the main parts of pump like volute casing, flange and bolts can be evaluated by analyzing the stress and deformation lever according to a certain material strength theory. The www.worldpumps.com

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March 2016

An example of half foam mold for a large industrial centrifuge pump.

structure deformation is calculated according to load and constraint conditions, and then the stress distribution can be deduced by material's stress-strain relationship. The principal load of pump casing comes from inner fluid pressure, which depends on the pump head and inlet pressure. For main shaft, load forces can be grouped into axial forces and radial forces, and they can be estimated referring to pump design handbook. It must be clear that a safety factor for load lever is indispensable in view of the casting and machining defects, and the safety margin should be confirmed by both transaction sides according to the manufacturer’s process capability and related enforceable regulations. Fatigue analysis. The most common failure mode for the main shaft itself is fatigue failure, and it will cause serious consequence like shaft fracture. The rotation times of shaft under given load conditions can be predicted through the S/N curve (stress-number curve) of shaft material, and the stress distribution comes from static strength analysis results. In general, the rotation number should be more than 107. Sealing analysis. Sealing analysis deals with the leak problem based on FSI (Fluid Structure Interaction) simulation. The pressure load on the inner surface of pump is not even, but comes from the CFD result. Due to the nonuniformity of inner fluid pressure, the structure deformation becomes asymmetric and finally leads to fluid leak. For large axially split pump with high lift, a sealing analysis is necessary to prove the sealing performance of casing split and help the layout of flange and bolts. www.worldpumps.com

Structure dynamic analysis. The vibration and noise of a pump set originates structure response for dynamic load, such as the fluctuation of radial force due to unsteady fluid flow, and the interaction between drive motor and pump rotor component. A modal analysis is usually the first step for structure dynamic analysis, which calculates resonant frequency and provides basic data for further computations. The rotor dynamics analysis is good guidance for the design of pump set vibration reduction, in which the rotor system is simplified as the combination of shaft line, rotor mass points and some bearing points. Both stiffness and damp of bearings are taken into account based on the rotating speed. For custom pumps, rotor dynamics analysis can help designers to find the critical revolution, study the bend and vibration mode of shaft, thus the reliability of the pump can be guaranteed. Manufacturability analysis. Manufacturability analysis promotes the transform of custom prototype into real product. The DFM (Design for Manufacturing) group should give a rapid assessment on the machinability and the assembly process of design scheme and help to accelerate the manufacturing process. For example, the selection of hardened and tempered technology for main shaft should be carefully assessed by both designer and experienced technologist to ensure its strength and toughness. Besides, pump parts other than casing and impeller should be selected from the standardized parts database as many as possible. Evaporated Pattern Casting. Although the currently fashionable topic 3D Printing

seems the optimal solution for custom product manufacture, it is not suitable for large size metallic pumps yet. Casting has always been the main mature way for the production of non-standard parts including pump casing and impeller. Traditional wood and metal patterns is uneconomic for custom pumps, because the high cost of time and money for mold making cannot be diluted by mass production. EPC is especially applicable for custom pump casing and impeller casts. The major advantage of EPC is that it uses foam as mold material. Foam is relatively cheap and can be conveniently carved by automatic computer engraving machine with 3D digital models.

Conclusion The custom production of high power pumps according to specific client needs is a promising way to obtain the maximum energy-saving effect. The flexible use of DP and EPC can greatly promote custom development and strengthen the manufacturer’s position in the competitive market.

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Contact Hehui Zhang, Ph.D. candidate College of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, PR China [email protected] Shengxiang Deng, Professor College of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, PR China [email protected] Yingjie Qu, CEO Hunan M&W Energy Saving Tech.Co.Ltd., PR China [email protected]

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Pump performance

Effect of sealing ring clearance on pump performance I

n order to research the effect of impeller sealing ring clearance on a centrifugal pump, external performance and flow characteristics of the centrifugal pump were analysed, to select a reasonable impeller sealing ring gap size. Here are the findings.

Clearance of impeller sealing ring is the main reason for the loss of leakage volume of a centrifugal pump. However, the analysis of the internal fluid flow in centrifugal pump and the prediction of performance of the pump generally ignore the influence of impeller sealing ring. But, the impeller sealing ring has great significance to the performance of the centrifugal pump, it will not only cause the loss of the volume of the centrifugal pump, but also to change the flow in the centrifugal pump[1]. At present, there are some achievements in the research of impeller sealing ring: Chen Y etc.[2] have studied the effect of front clearance and behind clearance on the performance of the pump, it was concluded that the effect of front clearance on the performance of the centrifugal pump is large than behind clearance. Wu D Z etc..[3] have studied the effect of clearance of impeller wearrings on leakage loss and mechanical efficiency of centrifugal pump. Toshio etc.[4] used CFX-TASC Flow, the numerical simulation of labyrinth seal was proceeding, and the effect of leakage flow and clearance flow on the force of the rotor was analyzed. Rhode.[5] discussed the gap flow in detail, various www.worldpumps.com

factors such as flow regime, compressibility and eccentricity were considered. Matsumoto K etc.[6] have studied that through increasing the radial clearance of the impeller seal between the front pump cover and the pump body in the low specific speed centrifugal pump to increase the leakage, thereby reducing disc friction loss, in order to improve the overall efficiency of the pump. Will etc.[7] proposed a simplified two dimensional model of the clearance of centrifugal pump for calculating, and the flow in the

clearance of wear-rings and the pump cavity was analyzed in detail. In summary, although there are some research about the clearance of impeller sealing ring, however, there is little research on how to select the reasonable sealing ring clearance, under the premise of considering the performance of the centrifugal pump. The clearance of impeller sealing ring was selected as the object of the research, numerical simulation method was used, to analyze the inner flow

Figure 1. Model for calculation.

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Figure 2. Q-H curves of different gap sizes.

condition of impeller, and to discuss the effect of clearance size on performance, leakage and internal flow field of centrifugal pump, on this basis, selecting the reasonable sealing ring gap.

Calculation model and mesh generation IS80-65-160 single stage single suction centrifugal pump was selected as the research object, the three-dimension diagram is shown in Figure 1, where b is the impeller seal ring gap. The design parameters: inlet diameter D1=80mm, outlet diameter D2=168mm, blade number Z=4, volume flow Q=50m3/h, head H=32m, speed n=2900r/min. Dividing the geometry into different regions for mesh generation by ICEM, centrifugal pump seal ring gap was locally refined and the inner part of the centrifugal pump was provided with enough nodes to satisfy the requirement of the calculation accuracy, then unstructured grids were used in each area, to align the grid nodes of each part. Based on the analysis of the influence of the grid number on the calculation results, it was found that the head and efficiency of the numerical simulation were less affected by the change of the number of the grid after the grid number was greater than 1.47 million. As a result, the mesh number of model pump was about 1.50 million.

Parameter setting In order to investigate the influence of different clearance variation on the performance of the pump, 5 group of gap width: b=0.15 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 mm were selected for numerical calculation under 5 different operating modes : Q=0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4Qopt.

Figure 3. η-H curves of different gap sizes.

In the process of numerical calculation, the RNG k-ε model was selected for turbulence model, multi reference coordinate system was used to describe the internal flow, and the rotating coordinate system was adopted in the impeller region. Boundary conditions including: velocity entrance was set on inlet; outflow was set on outlet; standard wall function was used in the near wall surface; non permeable and non slip were taken in boundary condition of wall, momentum flux and energy flux through the solid wall surface are 0; the QUICK scheme with two order accuracy was adopted, and the pressure correction was SIMPLC algorithm; the convergence accuracy of the calculation process was set to 1×10-4, the external conditions are normal temperature and pressure, and the medium was water.

Hydraulic performance analysis Figure 2 is Q-H curves of different gap sizes under five different flow conditions. It shows, H reduces along with the Q growth; and H also reduces in different degree under each operating modes along with the b growth, the changes are not obvious when b is in a small value between 0.15 mm and 0.2 mm, but the changes become fiercer with the increasing of b. The maximum variation of H under five different conditions are 3.663 m, 4.2 3m, 3.928 m, 4.168 m, 1.696 m, the maximum variation of H under the same conditions reaches about 4m. But when b is equal 0.15 or 0.2mm, the maximum variation of H under the different conditions is about 0.5m. Figure 3 is η-H curves of different gap sizes under five different flow conditions. It shows η reduces along with the Q

growth, and η also reduces in different degree under each operating modes along with the b growth. The smaller the gap, the higher the efficiency of the pump, which shows that the reduction of b can improve the volume efficiency and total efficiency of the pump. The changes are not obvious when b is in a small value, but the changes become more and more fierce with the increasing of b. The maximum variation of η under five different conditions are 4.607%, 4.387%, 5.294%, 4.973%, 4.703%, the maximum variation of H under the same conditions reaches about 5%. But when b is equal 0.15 or 0.2mm, the maximum variation of η under the different conditions is about 1%. Figure 4 is η, H-b curves under design conditions. It shows, with the increase of b, H showed a clear downward trend. the volume loss caused by liquid flow through the front sealing ring increased with the increase of b. The centrifugal pump performance under design conditions is affected by the changes of b. With the increase of b, η show a tendency to decrease obviously, and the general trend of the downward trend was gradually decreased with the increase of b. It means the leakage of impeller seal ring gap increases along with the b growth, which leads to the decrease of η. the maximum efficiency in b=0.15mm, The changing trend of η is basically consistent with H, which verifies the smaller b, the better performance of the pump. H and η increase along with the b decrease, and the liquid flow back to inlet through the impeller begin to reduce, making the leakage reduction, the energy loss is also reduced, thus increasing the volume efficiency of the impeller. www.worldpumps.com

39

40

Feature

WORLD PUMPS

Figure 4. η, H-b curves under design conditions.

In summary, b has influence on the performance of the pump, and when b is greater than 0.3mm, H and η begin to decline significantly. when b=0.15~0.3 mm, little difference on the performance parameters. But the smaller the B, the more difficult to machine, when the b is too small, it will lead to friction between impeller and seal ring, it will seriously affect the operation of centrifugal pump,

Figure 5. Leakage flux-Q curves in five gap sizes.

the result is 6.2%; when the flow decreases, the volume loss increases slightly, the calculation result is 8.9% under 0.6Qopt condition. Figure 5 is leakage flux-Q curves in five gap sizes. It shows, the greater the B, the greater the leakage will be generated in the impeller seal ring, the overall curve showed a rising trend, indicating that

"The impeller sealing ring has great significance to the performance of the centrifugal pump." in considering the processing difficulty and cost as well as both efficiency and head, select a reasonable impeller sealing ring gap size of 0.2 mm.

Leakage analysis Due to the existence of differential pressure at both ends of the impeller seal ring gap, the gap is bound to leak, resulting the pump capacity loss. Impeller seal ring leakage is the main volume loss in single-stage pump, it is proportional to the theoretical head of impeller. The volume loss caused by the impeller seal ring gap under design condition is not large, when b=0.2mm,

(a)b=0.15mm

the greater the B, the greater the amount of leakage; the leakage of impeller seal ring reduces along with the Q growth under the same gap condition. When b is smaller, the change trend of the leakage flux is not obvious compared with the large b.

of the flow conditions is selected to carry out analysis and comparison. Figure 6 is static pressure distribution on the section of Z = 0 under different clearance at design conditions. It shows pressure distribution along with the change of the gap size is not obvious, the change of the pressure in each gap is also basically in the same trend. When b=0.3mm, the differential pressure at the outlet is slightly reduced, indicating that the selection of 0.3mm is reasonable. Careful comparison shows that, with the increase of B, the low pressure area in the anterior chamber is enlarged to the vortex chamber, The separation effect between wall surface area of the water absorption chamber and the main flow area is obvious. It means the large the gap, the more obvious effect of the high pressure fluid from high pressure area on the low pressure fluid in the inlet region.

Gap flow field analysis Pressure field analysis In order to study the influence of the clearance of impeller seal ring on the inner flow field of centrifugal pump, the radial surface Z = 0 was chosen as the research object. It can be seen from the front program, the total operating point is 25, it is too large, so the design point

(b)b=0.2mm

Figure 6. Static pressure distribution on the section of Z = 0.

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March 2016

(c)b=0.3mm

Figure 7 is velocity (left) and pressure (right) distribution of different gap sizes under design flow conditions. Figure 7 left is velocity distribution of different gap sizes, it shows high speed fluid flow to the pump inlet through the impeller sealing ring clearance under the differential pressure between the pump

(d)b=0.5mm

(e)b=0.7mm

WORLD PUMPS

Feature March 2016

energy is obtained in the flow passage when the liquid flows from the inlet to the outlet of the impeller, and it shows that the pressure increases with the increase of impeller radius, the overall change trend is uniform, but there is some disturbances in b=0.5 mm. Overall, the change trend of pressure and velocity distribution is basically the same, so it is better to choose smaller clearance value to improve the efficiency of the pump.

cavity and the impeller inlet, with the increase of b, the velocity of fluid in the gap increases gradually, and the velocity gradient is uniform, and the flow state is stable. when b increases to 0.7mm, the fluid flow in the gap is unstable from the graph, it shows that the leakage is more serious when the gap is larger. That means that in the range of processing, b should be as small as possible. Because the smaller the b, the smaller the flow loss inside the gap, the smaller the volume loss, and improve the efficiency of the pump.

Conclusion

Figure 7 right is pressure distribution of different gap sizes, it shows a number of

With the increase of b, the η and H of the pump under different working conditions show a tendency to decrease

(a) b=0.15mm

obviously, and the general trend of the downward trend was gradually decreased with the increase of b. The leakage increases along with the b growth, and it decreases along with the Q growth in the same gap condition. When b is smaller, the change trend of leakage with Q is not obvious compared with the larger b. The larger the gap, the more obvious is the effect of the high pressure fluid from high pressure area on the low pressure fluid in the inlet region. When b is smaller, the fluid velocity gradient in the gap is uniform, when b increases to 0. 7mm, the fluid flow in the gap is unstable. The centrifugal pump impeller sealing ring gap on the performance of the centrifugal pump and the flow of the state have a great impact, when b=0.15~0.3 mm. There is little difference on the performance parameters considering the processing difficulty and cost as well as both efficiency and head, when selecting a reasonable impeller sealing ring gap size of 0.2 mm.

•

Acknowledgements

(b) b=0.2mm

The author acknowledges the support of National Science Foundation of China (Grant N0.51476144) and the Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. LQ15E050005).

References Please contact the author directly for full references. (c) b=0.3mm

Contact Jiegang Mou College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, PR China

(d) b=0.5mm

Authors Zhenfu Chen College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, PR China [email protected] Yunqing Gu Lecturer, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, PR China

(e) b=0.7mm

Tianxing Fan College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, PR China

Figure 7. Velocity and pressure distribution of different gap sizes.

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42

Pump FAQs

WORLD PUMPS

March 2016

Pump FAQs Q. Can reciprocating pumps be used as booster pumps?

A. When a booster for a reciprocating (power) pump is required it is normally a centrifugal pump but may be a positive displacement pump under special conditions (see item 4 below) and should not be done without consulting the manufacturer. Care must be exercised in the selection and installation of a booster pump, because improper selection and/or installation can result in increased pulsations and attendant problems. The following are recommended: 1) Install a booster pump as close to the inlet source as practical; 2) The booster pump must add enough pressure to the system to provide sufficient

net positive inlet pressure available (NPIPA) to the power pump, allowing for acceleration head, friction losses and pressure pulsations due to acoustical resonances;

Type of reciprocating power pump

% over mean rate of flow

Simplex (1)

Single-acting

220%

Duplex (2)

Single-acing

60%

Duplex (2)

Double-acting

27%

Triplex (3)

Single- or double-acting 7%

3) Install a pulsation dampener in the inlet line adjacent to the power pump liquid cylinder. Consult dampener and pump manufacturers for proper location of the device. The dampener can often be omitted between a centrifugal booster pump and a lowspeed power pump under any of the following conditions:

Quintuplex (5)

Single- or double-acting 2%

Septuplex (7)

Single- or double-acting 1%

Nonuplex (9)

Single- or double-acting 1%

i) Diameters of inlet and outlet connections of a booster pump are equal to, or larger than, inlet connection on power pump; ii) Diameters of all piping between liquid source and

power pump are equal to, or larger than, inlet connection of power pump; iii) The booster pump is sized for maximum instantaneous rate of flow of the power pump. The following table gives the percentage that the maximum instantaneous rate of flow exceeds the mean rate of flow for each type of power pump; iv) Acceleration head is calculated not only between the booster and power

pump but also between the liquid source and booster; 4) If the booster pump is a constant-speed positivedisplacement pump, a selfregulating bypass valve is required between pumps. The booster pump must be sufficiently oversized to provide the minimum flow required through the bypass valve. To learn more about reciprocating pumps, see ANSI/HI 6.1-6.5 Reciprocating Power Pumps for Nomenclature, Definitions, Application, and Operation.

Q. What information is available for measuring the operating temperature of anti-friction bearings attached to the shaft of a rotodynamic pump?

Figure A.11 - Instrument locations

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A. Either a pyrometer, thermometer, or thermocouple, should be placed on the outer surface perpendicular to the shaft centerline, over the center of the bearing(s) being recorded (see Figure A.11). 0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

WORLD PUMPS

Pump FAQs March 2016

On pumps with horizontal shafts, the instrument should be placed as close as possible to a vertical position. The instrument should be placed between structural ribbing when ribbing is part of the design. The pump should be operated at rated conditions. When there are differences in specific gravity or viscosity between test and jobsite liquid, adjustment to test bearing temperatures must be agreed to by all parties

prior to testing. Cooling plans should be installed and be operational if necessary to duplicate field conditions. This should be agreed to by all parties. Temperature readings shall be taken every 10 minutes for the first hour and every 15 minutes until stabilization. (Basic temperature stabilization usually occurs after the first 45 minutes. However, some bearings take up to 24 hours to stabilize and

should be noted by all parties before the start of the test.) Stabilization is defined as three consecutively recorded readings taken over intervals of at least 15 minutes that fall within a 2 °C (3.6 °F) band when adjusted for a change in ambient temperature, if it occurs. When testing with a TEFC motor, the air flow from the motor should be blocked from the bearing housing where testing is being conducted.

Tests have shown that the motor air flow can cause as much as an 11 °C (20 °F) false temperature reading. Similarly, the ambient air must be still. Circulating fans and opened windows can cause false readings. For more information on other troubleshooting topics, see ANSI/HI 1.4 Rotodynamic (Centrifugal) Pumps for Manuals Describing Installation, Operation, and Maintenance.

Download Hydraulic Institute Pump Guidebooks Today! The Hydraulic Institute eStore is your one-stop-shop for your technical publication needs on pumps and pumping systems.

available in electronic PDF and hardcopy format

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MATERIALS PACKINGS Zhejiang Cathay Packing & Sealing Company Ltd #26 Tonghui South Road, Puyang Town, Xiaoshan district, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China, 311255 Tel: +86 571-82700086 Fax: +86-571-82737227 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.xxseal.com

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Europump information Europump is a pan-European organisation composed of national pump manufacturer associations in 17 countries. In total the organisation comprises more than 450 member companies – manufacturers and distributors. The Executive Council is the board of Europump. Its members – company presidents, managing directors or CEOs – are elected representatives of their national associations. The Europump President is the head of the Council. The Council’s work is administered by the General Secretary and his staff.

EUROPUMP Officials President Kutlu Karavelioğlu, Diamant Building, 80 Boulevard Reyers, 5th Floor, 1030‚ Brussels, Belgium. Tel: +32 2 706 82 37; Fax: +32 2 706 82 50

General Secretary Thijs de Wolff, Diamant Building, 80 Boulevard Reyers, 5th Floor, 1030‚ Brussels, Belgium. Tel: +32 2 706 82 37; Fax: +32 2 706 82 50; www.europump.eu

EUROPUMP Member Associations

AT

FMMI, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 63, AT - 1045 Wien, Austria Tel: + 43 5 90 900 3468, Fax: + 43 1 505 10 20, Eml: [email protected]

BE

Agoria, Diamant Building, Blvd A.Reyers 80, BE - 1030 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 2 706 79 74, Fax: + 32 2 706 79 88, Eml: [email protected]

CH

SWISSMEM, Pfingstweidstrasse 102 P.O. Box, CH - 8037 Zürich, Switzerland Tel: +41 44 384 41 11, Fax: +41 44 384 42 42, Eml: [email protected]

CZ

Czech Pump Manufacturers' Association - CPMA, Jana Sigmunda 79, CZ - 783 50 Lutin, Czech Republic Tel: + 420 585 652 423, Fax: +420 585 652 400, Eml: [email protected]

DE

Fachverband Pumpen + Systeme im VDMA, Lyoner Strasse, 18, DE - 60528 Frankfurt a.M, Postfach 71 08 63 DE - 60498 Frankfurt a.M., Germany Tel: + 49 69 66 03 12 81 Fax: + 49 69 66 03 22 81 Eml: [email protected]

DK

Association of Danish Pump Manufacturers, Ornevej 1, DK 9230 Svenstrup J, DK - 9230 Svenstrup J, Denmark Tel: +45 25 77 66 77 Eml: [email protected]

FI

The Federation of Finnish Technology Industries, Eteläranta 10, FI - 00130 HELSINKI, Finland Tel: + 358 91 923 1, Fax: + 358 96 24462, Eml: lauri.elers@ metsta.fi

FR

PROFLUID Association française des pompes et agitateurs, des compresseurs et de la robinetterie, Maison de la Mécanique, 45 rue Louis Blanc, FR - 92400 Courbevoie, France Tel: + 33 1 47 17 62 98, Fax: + 33 1 47 17 63 00, Eml: [email protected]

GB

British Pump Manufacturers Association - BPMA, The National Metalforming Centre, 47 Birmingham Road, GB - West Bromwich B70 6PY, United Kingdom. Tel: + 44 121 601 6350, Fax: + 44 121 601 6373, Eml: [email protected]

GR

Union of Greek Metal Industries, Loudovikou Street 1, EVEP Building, GR - 18531 Piraeus, Greece Tel: + 30 141 78412, Fax: + 30 141 73974 e-mail : [email protected]

IT

ASSOPOMPE, c/o ANIMA, via Scarsellini 13, IT - 20161 Milano, Italy Tel: +39 02 45 418 531 Fax: + 39 02 45 418 545 Eml: [email protected]

NL

Holland Pomp Groep, c/o Vereniging FME-CWM, Boerhaavelaan 40, Postbus 190, NL - 2700 AD Zoetermeer, The Netherlands Tel: +31 (0)88 400 8 538, Fax: +31 (0)88 400 8 403, Eml: [email protected]

PL

Polish Pump Manufacturers Association - ul. Lelewela 15, PL - 53-505 Wroclaw, Poland Tel: + 48 71 783 61 52, Fax: + 48 71 783 61 52, Eml: [email protected]

RO

APPR - str Ziduri Mosi nr 25, RO - Bucuresti cod 021203, sector 2, Romania Tel: + 40 724 463 578, Fax: + 40 311 043 272, Eml: [email protected]

RU

Russian Pump Manufacturers' Association - RPMA, 1 Sokolnichesky Val, hall 4, of.6, RU - 107113 Moscow, Russia Tel: + 7 499 269 3396, Fax: + 7 499 269 3396, Eml: [email protected]

SE TR

SWEPUMP, P.O Box 5510, SE – 114 85 Stockholm, Sweden Tel: + 46 8 782 08 50, Fax: + 46 8 660 33 78, Eml: [email protected] POMSAD, Batı Sitesi Mahallesi, F.S.M. Bulvarı No:546, 06370 Yenimahalle, ANKARA, TURKEY Tel: + 90 312 255 1073, Fax: + 90 312 255 1074, Eml: [email protected]

www.worldpumps.com

47

48

Diary dates

WORLD PUMPS

March 2016

2016 Diary Dates March

12th April

26 – 28 April

Birmingham, UK

Vietnam

10th March

Motion Control Industry Awards

MTA Hanoi 2016

www.mci-awards.co.uk

May

Oxfordshire, UK

Pump Industry Awards 2016 www.pumpindustryawards.com

15 – 18 March Milan, Italy

MCE – Mostra Convegno Expocomfort 2016

www.mtahanoi.com

13 April London, UK

26 – 28 May

Mechanical Sealing Technology Seminar 2016

Ghent, Belgium

http://events.imeche.org ViewEvent?e=6334

2016 Europump Annual Meeting and General Assembly www.europump2016.com

www.mcexpocomfort.it

April 6 – 8 April Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Asia Water 2016 www.asiawater.org

11 – 12 April Kuwait City, Kuwait

4th Kuwait Oil & Gas Summit www.cwckuwait.com

20 – 21 April

30 May – 3 June

Antwerp, Belgium

Munich, Germany

Pumps & Valves 2016

IFAT 2016

www.easyfairs.com/events_216/pumpsvalves-2016_59706/pumpsvalves-2016_59707

www.ifat.de

25 – 29 April Hannover, Germany

Hannover Messe www.hannovermesse.de

26 – 28 April

More diary dates are listed in our events page on the World Pumps website: http://www.worldpumps.com/events/ All events are subject to change and/or cancellations. World Pumps accepts no responsibility for any changes. Further information can be obtained only by contacting the relevant parties.

Moscow, Russia

Ecwatech www.ecwatech.com

To list your event in our next issue and website, please send the information to [email protected]

All contributions, whether articles, news items, or letters, should be addressed to the Editor, World Pumps Magazine, PO Box 150, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1AS, UK. Tel: +44 1865 843686; Fax: +44 1865 843973; E-mail: [email protected]

For key developments and innovations within the sealing industry

Subscribe today and receive online access for 5 people and a 5 year digital archive Now available ONLINE at www.sealingtechnology.info www.worldpumps.com

0262 1762/16 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

NEW JOURNAL JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING Editors Nicholas Hankins University of Oxford, UK $EGXO:DKDE0RKDPPDG Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia A new journal aimed at chemical and process engineers and researchers in WKHȇHOGDQGGHGLFDWHGWRWKHSXEOLFDWLRQ RIUHVHDUFKZLWKVLJQLȇFDQWQRYHOW\DQG impact in all areas of the engineering of water and wastewater processing. 7KH-RXUQDOSDUWLFXODUO\ZHOFRPHV FRQWULEXWLRQVLQYROYLQJHQYLURQPHQWDOO\ HFRQRPLFDOO\DQGVRFLDOO\VXVWDLQDEOH WHFKQRORJ\IRUZDWHUWUHDWPHQW

Read online at bit.ly/JWPE_content

With quality pumps from a quality manufacturer, you can rest assured your fluid-handling needs are expertly handled at the job site. Whether transporting water for fracking, transferring solids-laden drilling muds or recirculating tank bottoms, Gorman-Rupp has the right pump for your oil and gas field needs – and it’s all backed by the best distributor network and parts inventory in the industry. Contact your local Gorman-Rupp distributor today for more information on our extensive line of products for the oil and gas industry.

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