Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
v
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics Test Bank by Wolfson 3rd Edition
Essential University Physics, 3e (Wolfson) 3e (Wolfson) Chapter 15 Fluid Motion
1 5. 1 Co nc e pt ua lQue s t i o ns 1) Fluid fills the container shown in the figure. At which of the indicated points is the pressure greatest?
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) The pressure is the same at each of the labeled points. Answer E !ar 1
") At a certain depth in the ocean# the absolute pressure is p is p.. $f %ou go to twice that depth &treating the water as incompressible) A) the absolute pressure will be " p. p. B) the absolute pressure will be less than " p. p. C) the absolute pressure will be greater than " p. p. D) the gauge pressure will not change. E) the gauge pressure will increase but will not double. Answer B !ar 1
1 Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
+) $f %ou double the pressure on the surface of a can of water# the buo%ant force on a stone placed in that water will A) increase# but not double. B) double. C) decrease# but not b% one,half. D) not change. Answer D !ar 1
-) A cup of water containing an ice cube at (C is filled to the brim. The tip of the ice cube stic/s out of the surface. As the ice melts# %ou obser0e that A) the cup o0erflows. B) the cup might o0erflow but it depends on the actual mass of the ice cube. C) the water le0el remains the same. D) the water le0el actuall% goes down. E) There is not enough information to answer this uestion. Answer C !ar 1
2) 3alt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water# the 0olume of salt water displaced b% the ship is A) greater than the 0olume of fresh water. B) less than the 0olume of fresh water. C) the same as the 0olume of fresh water. Answer B !ar 1
) A 2(,cm+ bloc/ of wood is floating partiall% submerged in water# and a 2(,cm+ bloc/ of iron is totall% submerged in water. 4hich bloc/ has the greater buo%ant force on it? A) the wood B) the iron C) Both ha0e the same buo%ant force. D) The answer cannot be determined without / nowing the densities of the bloc/s. Answer B !ar 1
5) A roc/ is under water in a shallow la/e. As the roc/ sin/s deeper and deeper into water# the buo%ant force on it A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains constant. Answer C !ar 1
" Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
6) A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece# and does not touch the water. $f the top piece is ta/en off and placed in the water# what happens to the water le0el in the tub? A) $t goes up. B) $t goes down. C) $t does not change. D) This cannot be determined without /nowing the 0olume of the top piece of wood. Answer C !ar 1
7) 4ater flows through a pipe ha0ing a 0ar%ing width. 8ore water flows per second through the wide section than through the narrow section because there is more room for it to flow. A) True B) False Answer B !ar 1
1() As the speed of a mo0ing fluid increases# the pressure in the fluid A) increases. B) remains constant. C) decreases. D) ma% increase or decrease# depending on the densit% of the fluid. Answer C !ar 1
11) 4hen %ou blow some air abo0e the upper face of a paper strip# the paper rises. This occurs because A) the air abo0e the upper face of the paper mo0es faster# which ma/es the pressure higher than at the lower face. B) the air abo0e the upper face of the paper mo0es faster# which ma/es the pressure lower than at the lower face. C) the air abo0e the upper face of the paper mo0es faster but the pressure remains constant. D) the air abo0e the upper face of the paper mo0es slower# which ma/es the pressure higher than at the lower face. E) the air abo0e the upper face of the paper mo0es slower# which ma/es the pressure lower than at the lower face. Answer B !ar 1
1") 9ou are dri0ing a late model con0ertible car at the 2 mph speed limit with its soft fle:ible roof closed up and the windows closed. 9ou obser0e that the roof A) bows inward. B) is no different from when the car was at rest. C) bows outward. D) bows inward onl% when %ou are dri0ing uphill. E) bows inward onl% when %ou are dri0ing downhill. Answer C !ar 1 + Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
1 5 . 2 Pr o bl e ms 1) A certain coin has a diameter of "1."1 mm# a thic/ness of 1.72 mm# and weighs (.(-7(2 ;. 4hat is its densit%? A) "7.1 < 1(+ /g=m+ B) 5." < 1(+ /g=m+ C) 7."2 < 1(+ /g=m+ D) ".+1 < 1(+ /g=m+ E) 51." < 1(+ /g=m+ Answer B !ar 1
") 4hat is the radius of a sphere that has a densit% of 2((( /g=m+ and a mass of .(( /g? A) -.76 cm B) 1."5 cm C) .27 cm D) 1.2 cm E) 5."" cm Answer C !ar 1
+) A sphere is constructed of two concentric parts. The inner part is a solid sphere of radius 1(.( cm made of a material with densit% -((( /g=m+. The outer part is a spherical shell with inner radius 1(.( cm and outer radius "(.( cm. The material in the outer shell has a densit% 7((( /g=m+. &a) 4hat is the mass of the sphere? &b) 4hat is the a0erage densit% of this sphere? Answer &a) "61 /g &b) 6.+6 < 1(+ /g=m+ !ar 1
-) >ne of the dangers of tornados and hurricanes is the rapid drop in air pressure that is associated with such storms. Assume that the air pressure inside of a sealed house is 1.(" atm when a hurricane hits. The hurricane rapidl% decreases the e:ternal air pressure to (.71( atm. A suare window in an outside wall of the house measures ".(" m on each side. 4hat net force &directed outwards) is e:erted on this window? &1 atm 1.(1 < 1(2 *a.) A) -.2+ < 1(- ; B) 2.1- < 1(- ; C) -.56 < 1(2 ; D) 2.+5 < 1(2 ; Answer A !ar 1
Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
2) A cubical bo:# 2.(( cm on each side# is immersed in a fluid. The gauge pressure at the top surface of the bo: is 27- *a and the gauge pressure on the bottom surface is 11++ *a. 4hat is the densit% of the fluid? A) 1((( /g=m+ B) 11(( /g=m+ C) 1""( /g=m+ D) "+-( /g=m+ E) 1"#((( /g=m+ Answer B !ar 1
) The weight of a car of mass 1."( < 1( + /g is supported euall% b% the four tires# which are inflated to the same gauge pressure. 4hat gauge pressure in the tires is reuired so the area of contact of each tire with the road is 1.(( < 1(" cm"? &1 atm 1.(1 < 1(2 *a.) A) 11. < 1(2 *a B) 11. < 1(- *a C) ".7- < 1(2 *a D) ".7- < 1(- *a E) ".7- < 1(+ *a Answer C !ar 1
5) >n planet X # the absolute pressure at a depth of ".(( m below the surface of a liuid nitrogen la/e is 2.(( < 1(2 ;=m". At a depth 2.(( m below the surface# the absolute pressure is 6.(( < 1(2 ;=m". The densit% of liuid nitrogen is 6(6 /g=m+. &a) 4hat is the atmospheric pressure on planet X ? &b) 4hat is the acceleration due to gra0it% on planet X ? Answer &a) +.(( < 1(2 ;=m" &b) 1"- m=s" !ar 1
2 Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
6) As shown in the figure# a container has a 0ertical tube# whose inner radius is +".(( mm# connected to it at its side. An un/nown liuid reaches le0el A in the container and le0el B in the tube—le0el A being 2.( cm higher than le0el B. The liuid supports a "(.(,cm high column of oil# between le0els B and C # whose densit% is -( /g=m+. 4hat is the densit% of the un/nown liuid?
A) 16(( /g=m+ B) "((( /g=m+ C) 1-(( /g=m+ D) 1(( /g=m+ E) 15(( /g=m+ Answer A !ar 1
7) $n the figure# an open tan/ contains a la%er of oil floating on top of a la%er of water &of densit% 1((( /g=m+) that is +.( m thic/# as shown. 4hat must be the thic/ness of the oil la%er if the gauge pressure at the bottom of the tan/ is to be
The densit% of the oil is 21( /g=
.
Answer -.1 m !ar 2(@
Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
1() The small piston of a h%draulic lift has a diameter of 6.( cm# and its large piston has a diameter of -( cm. The lift raises a load of 12#((( ;. &a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston. &b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift. Answer &a) (( ; &b) 1." < 1(2 *a !ar 1
11) A 1"#(((,; car is raised using a h%draulic lift# which consists of a ,tube with arms of uneual areas# filled with incompressible oil and capped at both ends with tight,fitting pistons. The wider arm of the ,tube has a radius of 16.( cm and the narrower arm has a radius of 2.(( cm. The car rests on the piston on the wider arm of the ,tube. The pistons are initiall% at the same le0el. 4hat is the initial force that must be applied to the smaller piston in order to start lifting the car? &For purposes of this problem# %ou can neglect the weight of the pistons.) A) 5"5 ; B) 7" ; C) "7(( ; D) +++( ; E) 1."( /; Answer B !ar 1
1") A 1"#(((,; car is raised using a h%draulic lift# which consists of a ,tube with arms of uneual areas# filled with incompressible oil with a densit% of 6(( /g=m+ and capped at both ends with tight,fitting pistons. The wider arm of the ,tube has a radius of 16. ( cm and the narrower arm has a radius of 2.(( cm. The car rests on the piston on the wider arm of the ,tube. The pistons are initiall% at the same le0el. 4hat is the force that must be applied to the smaller piston in order to lift the car after it has been raised 1."( m? &For purposes of this problem# %ou can neglect the weight of the pistons.) A) (.72- /; B) 1.66 /; C) 1.7 /; D) +.5 /; E) 1."( /; Answer C !ar 1
5 Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
1+) The two water reser0oirs shown in the figure are ope n to the atmosphere# and the water has densit% 1((( /g=m+. The manometer contains incompressible mercur% with a densit% of 1+#( ( /g=m+. 4hat is the difference in ele0ation h if the manometer reading m is "2.( cm?
A) 1.26 m B) -."( m C) +.52 m D) +.-( m E) +.12 m Answer E !ar 1
6 Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
1-) The two water reser0oirs shown in the figure are ope n to the atmosphere# and the water has densit% 1((( /g=m+. The manometer contains incompressible oil with a densit% of 6"( /g=m+. 4hat is the difference in ele0ation h if the manometer reading m is "2.( cm?
A) (.(-2 m B) (.("2 m C) (.(2 m D) (.112 m E) (."(2 m Answer A !ar 1
12) A wooden raft has a mass of 2( /g. 4hen empt% it floats in water &densit%
with
7 of its 0olume submerged. 4hat mass of sand can be put on the raft without it sin/ing? Answer "" /g !ar 2(@
1) A board that is "(.( cm wide# 2.(( cm thic/# and +.(( m long has a densit% +2( /g=m+. The board is floating partiall% submerged in water of densit% 1((( /g=m+. 4hat fraction of the 0olume of the board is abo0e the surface of the water? A) (.+2( B) (.2( C) ero D) (."(( E) The answer depends on which edge of the board is 0ertical. Answer B !ar 2
7 Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
15) A roc/ is suspended from a scale reads "(.( ;. A bea/er of water &ha0ing a densit% of 1((( /g=m+) is raised up so the roc/ is totall% submerged in the water. The scale now reads 1".2 ;. 4hat is the densit% of the roc/? A) 1.( < 1(+ /g=m+ B) ".2( < 1(+ /g=m+ C) ".++ < 1(+ /g=m+ D) +.(( < 1(+ /g=m+ E) ".5 < 1(+ /g=m+ Answer E !ar 1
16) A person who weighs 22( ; empties her lungs as much as possible and is then completel% immersed in water &of densit% 1((( /g=m+) while suspended from a harness. er apparent weight is now "1." ;. 4hat is her densit%? A) 1(2( /g=m+ B) 1(-( /g=m+ C) 1(+( /g=m+ D) 7( /g=m+ E) 2.1 /g=m+ Answer B !ar 1
17) A barge is 12.( m wide and 52.( m long and has 0ertical sides. The bottom of the hull is 1."( m below the water surface. 4hat is the weight of the barge and its cargo# if it is floating in fresh water of densit% 1((( /g=m+? A) "". 8; B) 1+." 8; C) 1.+2 8; D) 1.1+ 8; E) 11.+ 8; Answer B !ar 1
"() A hollow steel ball of diameter +.( m barel% floats in water. 4hat is the thic/ness of the wall of the ball? The densit% of iron is 5.65 g=cm+ and that of water is 1((( /g=m +. A) . cm B) +5 cm C) 1+1 cm D) 57 cm Answer A !ar 1
1( Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
"1) A 5.6,/g solid sphere# made of metal whose densit% is "2(( /g=
# is suspended b% a cord.
4hen the sphere is immersed in water &of densit% 1((( /g=m+)# what is the tension in the cord? A) - ; B) 1 ; C) 5 ; D) 7" ; E) 11( ; Answer A !ar 2(@
"") A .1,/g solid sphere# made of metal whose densit% is "(( /g=
# is suspended b% a cord.
4hen the sphere is immersed in a liuid of un/nown densit%# the tension in the cord is " ;. Find the densit% of the liuid. A) 12(( /g= B) 1-(( /g= C) 1+(( /g= D) 1"(( /g= E) 11(( /g= Answer A !ar 2(@
"+) A circular c%linder of height 1."( m ha0ing faces of diameter (."( m is immersed in water of densit% 1.(( < 1(+ /g=m+ with its a:is 0ertical so that its faces are parallel to the surface of the water. The upper face is ".2( m below the surface of the water. The net force on this c%linder is obser0ed to be 11"( ; downward. Atmospheric pressure is 1.(1 < 1(2 *a. 4hat net force does the water e:ert on the lower face of the c%linder? A) 5.-( < 1(+ ; B) 1.(7 < 1(- ; C) +.57 < 1(- ; D) -.1- < 1(- ; E) 1.+5 < 1(2 ; Answer D !ar 1
11 Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
"-) A circular c%linder of height 1."( m ha0ing faces of diameter (."( m is immersed in water of densit% 1.(( < 1(+ /g=m+ with its a:is 0ertical so that its faces are parallel to the surface of the water. The upper face is ".2( m below the surface of the water. The net force on this c%linder is obser0ed to be 11"( ; downward. Atmospheric pressure is 1.(1 < 1(2 *a. 4hat is the weight of the c%linder? A) "-+( ; B) +22( ; C) -5( ; D) 1(#7(( ; E) 1"#1(( ; Answer C !ar 1
"2) An incompressible fluid flows steadil% through a pipe that has a change in diameter. The fluid speed at a location where the pipe diameter is 6.( cm is 1."6 m=s. 4hat is the fluid speed at a location where the diameter has narrowed to -.( cm? A) (.+" m=s B) (.- m=s C) 1."6 m=s D) ".2 m=s E) 2.1" m=s Answer E !ar 1
") 4ater# of densit% 1((( /g=m+# is flowing in a drainage channel of rectangular cross,section. The width of the channel is 12 m# the depth of the water is 6.( m and the speed of the flow is ".2 m=s. At what rate is water flowing in this channel? A) ".( < 1(2 /g=s B) ".( < 1(+ /g=s C) +.( < 1(2 /g=s D) +.( < 1(+ /g=s E) +.( < 1(" /g=s Answer C !ar 1
"5) 4ater flowing through a pipe suddenl% comes to a section of pipe where the pipe diameter decreases to 6 of its pre0ious 0alue. $f the speed of the water in the larger section of the pipe was what is its speed in this smaller section? A) -7 m=s B) -" m=s C) +1 m=s D) "5 m=s Answer A !ar 2(@
1" Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
"6) 4ater is flowing in a horiontal pipe of diameter d . $f %ou want to change the diameter of this pipe so that the speed of the water would be half as great as it was# what should be the new diameter? A) d =B) d =" C) d / D) d E) "d Answer D !ar 1
"7) $ncompressible water flows out of a large reser0oir through a pipe that opens to the atmosphere 2.5( m below the le0el of the water in the reser0oir. 4hat is the speed of the water as it comes out of the pipe? A) 1.5" m=s B) 5.-5 m=s C) 22.6 m=s D) 1(. m=s E) "5.7 m=s Answer D !ar 1
+() A horiontal tube consists of a pipe that narrows to a ".(,cm,diameter throat. $n the pipe# the water pressure is twice atmospheric pressure and the water flows with a speed of 4hat is the pressure in the throat# assuming that the water beha0es li/e an ideal fluid? The densit% of water is 1((( /g=m+# and atmospheric pressure is 1.(1 < 1(2 *a. A) 1.7 atm B) (.1" atm C) ".1 atm D) ".( atm Answer A !ar 1
+1) A large c%lindrical water tan/ is mounted on a platform with its central a:is 0ertical. The water le0el is +.52 m abo0e the base of the tan/# and base is .2( m abo0e the ground. A small hole "."" mm in diameter has formed in the base of the tan/. Both the hole and the top of the tan/ are open to the air. 4e can ignore air resistance and treat water as an ideal fluid with a densit% of 1((( /g=m+. &a) ow man% cubic meters of water per second is this tan/ losing? &b) ow fast is the water from the hole mo0ing ust as it reaches the ground? Answer &a) +." < 1(,2 m+=s &b) 1-." m=s !ar 1
1+ Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
+") Air is flowing through a roc/et nole. $nside the roc/et the air has a densit% of 2."2 /g=m+ and a speed of 1."( m=s. The interior diameter of the roc/et is 12.( cm. At the nole e: it# the diameter is ".2( cm and the densit% is 1."7 /g=m+. 4hat is the speed of the air when it lea0es the nole? A) 1"+ m=s B) 15 m=s C) 66.( m=s D) -2.5 m=s E) "7.+ m=s Answer B !ar 1
++) A le0el pipe contains a non0iscous# incompressible fluid with a densit% 1"(( /g=m+ that is flowing steadil%. At one position within the pipe# the pressure is +(( /*a and the speed of the flow is "(.( m=s. At another position# the pressure is "(( /*a. 4hat is the speed of the flow at this second position? A) 25 m=s B) 1." m=s C) +".7 m=s D) "+.6 m=s E) 16 m=s Answer D !ar 1
+-) $n a section of horiontal pipe with a diameter of +.(( cm the pressure is 2."1 /*a and water is flowing with a speed of 1.2( m=s. The p ipe narrows to ".2( cm. 4hat is the pressure in the narrower region if water beha0es li/e an ideal fluid of densit% 1((( /g=m +? A) -.(( /*a B) 5.2( /*a C) 2.6" /*a D) .-" /*a E) -.1 /*a Answer A !ar 1
1Cop%right ' "(1 *earson Education# $nc.
+2) 4ater flows in the horiontal pipe shown in the figure. At point A the area is "2.( cm" and the speed of the water is At B the area is 1.( cm". The fluid in the manometer is mercur%# which has a densit% of 1+#(( /g=m+. 4e can treat water as an ideal fluid ha0ing a densit% of 1((( /g=m+. 4hat is the manometer reading h?
A) (.2- cm B) 1.+1 cm C) ".61 cm D) ".1 cm E) +.+ cm Answer D !ar 1
+) 4ater flows in the horiontal pipe shown in the figure. At A the diameter is 2.(( cm and at B the diameter is -.(( cm The fluid in the manometer is mercur%# which has a densit% of 1+#(( /g=m+. The manometer reading h is -.-( cm. 4e can treat water as an ideal fluid ha0ing a densit% of 1((( /g=m+. 4hat 0olume of water is flowing through the pipe per second?
+5) Consider a 0er% small hole in the bottom of a tan/ in diameter filled with water to a height of Find the speed at which the water e:its the tan/ through the hole. A) +.1+ m=s B) 7.6( m=s C) +1.6 m=s D) +-.7 m=s Answer A !ar 2(@
+6) A paint spra%er pumps air through a constriction in a ".2(,cm diameter pipe# as shown in the figure. The flow causes the pressure in the constricted area to drop and paint rises up the feed tube and enters the air stream. The speed of the air stream in the ".2(,cm diameter sections is 2.(( m=s. The densit% of the air is 1."7 /g=m+# and the densit% of the paint is 1"(( /g=m+. 4e can treat the air and paint as incompressible ideal fluids. 4hat is the ma:imum diameter of the constriction that will allow the spra%er to operate?
A) 6.(5 mm B) -.(2 mm C) 1"." mm D) 7.2 mm E) 1-.+ mm Answer A !ar 1
