Lgso :>4=-lv-4;406-FEK -TIG Fclueoht 7<: #>??;4
7 : < 6 ?
Amiof 46/7:/77 Tgko 7 ca 0 Tgko MF
KZOOHJOZK VZG_ZMK, IIT QMHLOHV @. L@MOAAC (\JH 6=41=) O-Egmi> L`moaacQDktigw.lce HMHG F. JC]GNMGH (\JH :6167?) O-Egmi> JcygnmghHDktigw.lce JcygnmghHDktigw.lce :6?4 Lcicrgfc Gvohuo, \umto 644O \ghtg Echmlg, LG =4646-??:6 Voiop`cho> <74-?01-;;44 Aglsmemio> <74-?01-;044
1 ; 0
Gttcrhoys acr Tigmhtmaas Nc`h K. Jrghlg ghf Nc`h ElLigmh, \polmgi Gfemhmstrgtcrs ca t`o Ostgto ca Eml`goi N. Nglbsch2 Vrmuep` Mhtorhgtmchgi, Mhl.
= _HMVOF \VGVO\ FM\VZMLV LC_ZV
74
LOHVZGI FM\VZMLV CA LGIMACZHMG
77
[O\VOZH FMQM\MCH
7: 7< 76 7? 71
NC@H K. JZGHLG, \polmgi LG\O HC. LQ-4=-4;406 FEK (TIGx) Gfemhmstrgtcr ca t`o Ostgto ca Eml`goi N. Nglbsch2 NC@H ELLIGMH, \polmgi Gfemhmstrgtcr ca t`o Ostgto ca Eml`goi N. TIGMHVMAA\” [MVHO\\ \VGVOEOHV Nglbsch2 VZM_ET@ MHVOZHGVMCHGI, CA BGZOH IGHKACZF MHL., g Lgimacrhmg lcrpcrgtmch,
7; 70 7= :4 :7 ::
Tigmhtmaas, vs. Vrmgi Fgto> Gprmi 7=, :477 @OGI V@O [CZIF AC_HFGVMCH, g Lgimacrhmg lcrpcrgtmch2 _HMVOF AIOOV, g Lgimacrhmg lcrpcrgtmch2 ghf FCO\ 7-74, mhliusmvo, Lcepigmht Amiof> Amiof> \optoejor :=, :44= @ch. Fciiy E. Koo Foaohfghts.
:< :6 :? :1 :; :0 7:=,6<6,<=1 v:
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Lgso :>4=-lv-4;406-FEK -TIG Fclueoht 7<: #>??;7
7
Tursught tc Iclgi Zuio 6<-7 ghf t`ms Lcurt”s crfor, Tigmhtmaas sujemt t`o
: aciicwmhk wmthoss stgtoeoht ca Bgroh Ighkacrf. < 6 ? 1 ; 0 = 74 77 7: 7< 76 7? 71 7; 70 7= :4 :7 :: :< :6
Amiof 46/7:/77 Tgko : ca 0 Tgko MF
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Lgso :>4=-lv-4;406-FEK -TIG Fclueoht 7<: #>??;:
7 :
Amiof 46/7:/77 Tgko < ca 0 Tgko MF
TIGMHVMAA\” [MVHO\\ \VGVOEOHV CA BGZOH IGHKACZF
M, Bgroh Ighkacrf, sujemt t`o aciicwmhk gs ey fmrolt tostmechy gt t`o trmgi ca
< t`ms egttor. 6
7.
M ge g pgrgiokgi pgrgiokgi gt t`o igw amre ca ^maaroh Jrmttoh`ge, IIT (’^maaroh―). M
? `gvo jooh wcrbmhk gt ^maaroh acr := yogrs gs g pgrgiokgi. Furmhk ey tmeo tmeo gt ^maaroh, M 1 wcrbof oxtohsmvoiy ch Eml`goi N. Nglbsch”s iokgi egttors ghf ge vory agemimgr ag emimgr wmt` `ms ; wcrb, mhliufmhk `ms l`grmtgjio oaacrts ghf mh pgrtmluigr `ms @ogi t`o [crif Acuhfgtmch 0 (’Nglbsch”s Acuhfgtmch―). \mhlo Er. Nglbsch”s pgssmhk, M `gvo jooh wcrbmhk licsoiy licsoiy = wmt` t`o Lc-Oxolutcrs ca t`o Ostgto. 74
:.
Eml`goi Nglbsch wgs cho ca t`o ecst lceeorlmgiiy sullossaui ohtortgmhors
77 ca gii tmeo prmcr tc `ms uhtmeoiy fogt` ch Nuho :?, :44=. 7:
<.
Gator egbmhk `ms fojut gs g eoejor ca V`o Nglbsch ?, Er. Nglbsch
7< oejgrbof ch g `mk`iy sullossaui scic lgroor ghf jct` `ms imao ghf trgkml fogt` `gvo jooh 76 t`o sujnolt ca lchstght eofmg gttohtmch acr cvor acur ghf g `gia folgfos. 7?
6.
Er. Nglbsch”s 7=0: gijue ’V`rmiior― roegmhs t`o jost-soiimhk gijue ca gii
gijues gro gisc gechk sceo ca t`o ecst sullossaui gijues. gijues. V`o 71 tmeo, ghf `ms ct`or gijues 7; smhkio ’V`rmiior― wgs gfgptof mhtc g `mk`iy sullossaui eusml vmfoc, bhcwh ’Eml`goi Nglbsch”s V`rmiior―. V`o vmfoc wgs meeofmgtoiy meeofmgtoiy pcpuigr 70 mhfopohfohtiy gs ’Eml`goi 7= ghf rolomvof `mk` lrmtmlgi glligme, jomhk hcemhgtof acr smx EVQ Qmfoc Eusml Gwgrfs wmhhmhk t`roo. Mh :44= mt wgs gffof tc t`o Hgtmchgi Amie Amie Zokmstry jy t`o :4 mh 7=06 ghf wmhhmhk :7 Imjrgry ca Lchkross, t`o chiy eusml vmfoc t`gt `gs rolomvof t`ms fmstmhltmch tc fgto. ::
?.
Er. Nglbsch”s schk ’Egh mh t`o Emrrcr,― pogbof gt huejor cho mh t`o
:< _hmtof \tgtos w`oh roiogsof gs g smhkio mh ogriy 7=00 caa `ms sovoht` scic gijue, ’Jgf.― :6 Mt ms cho ca Er. Nglbsch”s ecst lrmtmlgiiy glligmeof schks ghf mt wgs hcemhgtof acr
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Lgso :>4=-lv-4;406-FEK -TIG Fclueoht 7<: #>??;<
Amiof 46/7:/77 Tgko 6 ca 0 Tgko MF
7 t`o Hc. 7 smhkio mh mVuhos fcwhicgfs mh t`o t`o _.\. ghf t`o _.B. V`o schk mhliufos t`o : woii-bhcwh roargmh, ’Egbo t`gt L`ghko.― <
1.
Hovorighf Qgiioy Zghl`, Zghl`, cr ’Hovorighf― gs mt ms pcpuigriy pcpuigriy roaorrof tc, wgs
6 t`o `ceo ca Er. Nglbsch arce 7=00 tc :44?. ?
;.
Gs g rosuit ca `ms tgioht ghf roegrbgjio sulloss, Er. Nglbsch lgeo tc jo
1 bhcwh gs t`o ’Bmhk ca Tcp.― Er. Nglbsch glqumrof t`ms t`ms hmlbhgeo w`oh gltross ghf ; armohf Oimzgjot` Vgyicr prosohtof Er. Nglbsch wmt` gh ’Grtmst ca t`o Folgfo― gwgrf gt 0 t`o 7=0= \cui Vrgmh Gwgrfs, prcligmemhk `me ’t`o truo bmhk ca pcp, rclb ghf scui.― = \mhlo t`gt tmeo, egncr eofmg cutiots ghf Er. Nglbsch `mesoia `gvo egrbotof Er. 74 Nglbsch gs t`o ’Bmhk ca Tcp.― Tcp.― Mh :440, mh loiojrgtmch loiojrgtmch ca Er. Nglbsch”s ?4t` jmrt`fgy, jmrt`fgy, g 77 lcepmigtmch gijue, gijue, ohtmtiof ’Bmhk ca Tcp― Tcp― wgs roiogsof. Lurrohtiy t`o gijue `gs scif 7: mh oxloss ca < emiimch wcrifwmfo ghf rogl`of t`o tcp toh mh t`o egncrmty ca lcuhtrmos mh 7< w`ml` mt wgs roiogsof. 76
0.
Mh Egrl` :44=, Er. Nglbsch ghhcuhlof t`o ’V`ms Ms M s Mt― tcur, g pighhof
Nglbsch tc jo `oif gt V`o C: C: Grohg mh Ichfch. V`o 7? sormos ca amaty lchlorts jy Eml`goi Nglbsch 71 lchlorts, prcectof jy GOK Imvo woro sl`ofuiof tc jokmh mh Nuiy :44= ghf lchtmhuo tc jo Er. Nglbsch”s amrst egncr sormos ca 7; t`rcuk` tc Egrl` :474. V`o s`cws woro tc ca 70 lchlorts smhlo t`o @M\tcry [crif Vcur amhms`of mh 7==;, ghf `gf jooh lmtof gs cho ca 7= t`o yogr”s ecst mepcrtght eusmlgi ovohts. Crmkmhgiiy chiy 74 lchlorts woro ghhcuhlof, cut mh ioss t`gh gh `cur `cur ghf t`o pujiml foeghf foeghf acr tmlbots :4 jut t`o tmlbots woro scif cut rosuitmhk mh ?4 lchlorts mh tctgi. tctgi. Vmlbot sgios :7 rosuitof mh 64 ecro lchlorts jomhk gffof, rosuitmhk :: jrcbo sovorgi rolcrfs. :<
=.
Ogriy mh Nuho :44=, Er. Nglbsch gpprcvof g imho ca caamlmgi eorl`ghfmso
eghuaglturof ghf fmstrmjutof :6 acr t`o ’V`ms Ms Mt― tcur. V`o eorl`ghfmso wgs tc jo eghuaglturof
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Lgso :>4=-lv-4;406-FEK -TIG Fclueoht 7<: #>??;6
7
77.
Amiof 46/7:/77 Tgko ? ca 0 Tgko MF
V`o amie ’Eml`goi Nglbsch”s V`ms Ms Mt,― roiogsof ch Cltcjor :0, :44=,
: fclueohts Eml`goi Nglbsch”s ro`ogrsgis ghf propgrgtmch acr t`o ’V`ms Ms Mt― lchlort < sormos w`ml` wgs lghloiof fuo tc `ms fogt` omk`tooh fgys prmcr tc t`o amrst sl`ofuiof s l`ofuiof 6 poracreghlo fgto. V`o amie lchsmsts ca Er. Nglbsch ro`ogrsmhk ro`ogrsmhk eusmlgi huejors ghf ? fmroltmhk `ms toge, ghf gffmtmchgi jo`mhf t`o slohos acctgko mhliufmhk fghlor gufmtmchs 1 ghf lcstueo fosmkh. V`o amie ms hcw t`o `mk`ost `mk`ost wcrifwmfo krcssmhk lchlort/eusml lchlort/eusml ; fclueohtgry mh t`o `mstcry ca lmhoeg. 0
7:.
Mh Gukust :44=, Jrgvgfc ohtorof mhtc gh gkrooeoht wmt` t`o Ostgto tc jo
= t`o oxliusmvo eghuaglturor eghuaglturor ghf fmstrmjutcr ca eorl`ghfmso eorl`ghfmso acr Eml`goi Nglbsch. V`o 74 oxtohsmvo lciioltmch ca eorl`ghfmso, w`ml` ms t`o chiy caamlmgi imho ca Eml`goi Nglbsch 77 eorl`ghfmso gvgmigjio tc t`o pujiml, mhliufos mtoes lrogtof mh lciigjcrgtmch wmt` t`o igto 7: ohtortgmhor. Mt ms gvgmigjio wcrifwmfo t`rcuk` Eml`goiNglbschEorl`.l Eml`goiNglbschEorl`.lce ce ghf 7< eml`goinglbsch.s`cp.jrgvgfcusg.lce, eml`goinglbsch.s`cp.jrgvgfcusg.lce, gs woii gs t`rcuk` gut`crmzof rotgmiors. 76
7<.
Jrgvgfc `gs suof fczohs ca eorl`ghts ghf rotgmiors acr soiimhk
7? uhgut`crmzof, jcctiokkof eorl`ghfmso usmhk Eml`goi Nglbsch roigtof trgfoegrbs ghf 71 lcpyrmk`ts, gs woii gs acr uhgut`crmzof oxpicmtgtmch ca Er. Nglbsch”s hgeo, megko, ghf 7; imbohoss. 70
76.
Gator `ms fogt`, Er. Nglbsch jolgeo t`o jost-soiimhk grtmst ca :44= mh t`o
7= _hmtof \tgtos soiimhk cvor 0.: emiimch gijues, ghf scif
7?.
Ch Aojrugry :6, :474, \chy Eusml Ohtortgmheoht smkhof g how fogi wmt`
:: t`o Ostgto tc oxtohf t`omr fmstrmjutmch rmk`ts tc Er. Nglbsch”s jglb lgtgickuo uhtmi gt :< iogst :47;, gs woii gs tc cjtgmh poremssmch tc roiogso toh how gijues mhliufmhk jct` egtormgi ghf how lciioltmchs lciioltmchs ca roiogsof wcrb. Ch Hcvoejor 6, :6 provmcusiy uhroiogsof egtormgi
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Lgso :>4=-lv-4;406-FEK -TIG Fclueoht 7<: #>??;?
Amiof 46/7:/77 Tgko 1 ca 0 Tgko MF
7 amrst smhkio roiogsof tc rgfmc ch Hcvoejor 7?, :474, ’@cif Ey @ghf― (g fuot wmt` : Gbch). <
71.
Ch Hcvoejor <, :474, Lmrquo fu \ciomi ghhcuhlof t`gt mt wcuif iguhl`
6 ’Eml`goi Nglbsch> V`o Meecrtgi Meecrtgi [crif Vcur― mh Cltcjor Cltcjor :477 mh Echtrogi. V`o =4? emhuto $?; emiimch prcfultmch wmii lcejmho Er. Nglbsch”s mlchml eusmlgi styio ghf 1 l`crockrgp`y wmt` t`o Lmrquo”s smkhgturo grtmstry, fghlo ghf gormgi gormgi fmspigys. G solchf ; lciigjcrgtmch jy t`o Ostgto ghf Lmrquo fu \ciomi ms g poreghoht s`cw w`ml` wmii rosmfo 0 mh Igs Qokgs ghf wmii cpoh mh :47<. =
7;.
Trmcr tc Er. Nglbsch”s fogt`, `o ohtorof mhtc wcrifwmfo eorl`ghfmsmhk
74 gkrooeohts wmt` \mkhgturos Hotwcrb (acreoriy \chy \mkhgturos), EN Hot 77 Ohtortgmheoht GK, ghf EN Imlohsmhk IIL, ghf wmt` GOK Imvo, IIL wmt` rospolt tc 7: `ms :44= pighhof ’V`ms Ms Mt Vcur― t`gt wgs lghloiiof gs g rosuit r osuit ca `ms uhtmeoiy fogt` 7< mh igto Nuho :44=. 76
70.
Mh gffmtmch tc `ms sulloss gs g eusmlmgh ghf poracreor, Er. Nglbsch wgs
7? gisc g hctgjio p`might`rcpmst ghf `ueghmtgrmgh w`c fchgtof ghf rgmsof emiimchs ca 71 fciigrs tc suppcrt ca fczohs ca l`grmtmos ghf `ms cwh @ogi t`o [crif Acuhfgtmch. 7;
7=.
Er. Nglbsch acuhfof t`o @ogi t`o [crif Acuhfgtmch (’Nglbsch”s
7==7. Nglbsch”s Acuhfgtmch wgs wgs rokmstorof gs g hch-prcamt lcrpcrgtmch lcrpcrgtmch 70 Acuhfgtmch―) mh 7==7. 7= mh 7==7. Vrmgi Ox`mjmts <6,
:4.
Nglbsch”s Acuhfgtmch wgs hgeof gator `ms `mt schk, ’@ogi t`o [crif,―
lcepcsof. V`o schk rogl`of #: mh t`o _B \mhkios L`grt mh :7 w`ml` `o wrcto ghf lcepcsof. rogl`of #:; ch t`o Jmiijcgrf Jmiijcgrf @ct 744. Mh g :447 Mhtorhot l`gt :: Foloejor 7==:, ghf rogl`of :< wmt` aghs, Nglbsch sgmf ’@ogi t`o [crif― ms t`o schk `o ms ecst prcuf tc `gvo lrogtof. :6
:7.
V`o schk ’@ogi t`o [crif― wgs wgs sc mfohtmamof wmt` Er. Nglbsch Nglbsch t`gt mt wgs
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Lgso :>4=-lv-4;406-FEK -TIG Fclueoht 7<: #>??;1
Amiof 46/7:/77 Tgko ; ca 0 Tgko MF
7 `gvo smhlo wgtl`of t`o eoecrmgi sorvmlo, mhliufmhk t`o poracreghlo ca ’@ogi t`o : [crif.― <
::.
V`o purpcso ca Nglbsch”s Acuhfgtmch wgs tc prcvmfo eofmlmho tc l`mifroh
6 ghf amk`t wcrif `uhkor, `ceoiosshoss, l`mif oxpicmtgtmch oxpicmtgtmch ghf gjuso. Er. Nglbsch rgmsof ? emiimchs ca fciigrs acr `ms @ogi t`o [crif Acuhfgtmch jy gkkrossmvoiy pujimlmzmhk 1 Nglbsch”s Acuhfgtmch ghf mts kcgis. Acr oxgepio, prcamts arce ’V`o Fghkorcus [crif ; Vcur,― furmhk w`ml` Er. Nglbsch poracreof lchlorts acr emiimchs ca pocpio grcuhf t`o 0 wcrif, woro fchgtof tc Nglbsch”s Acuhfgtmch. =
:<.
Er. Nglbsch gisc poracreof `ms schk ’@ogi t`o [crif― furmhk t`o `giatmeo
74 s`cw gt t`o \upor Jcwi Jcwi PPQMM, cho ca t`o ecst ecst vmowof ovohts ch toiovmsmch. toiovmsmch. Er. 77 Nglbsch fchgtof `ms ohtmro aoo tc `ms l`grmty, wmt` t`o HAI gisc fchgtmhk $744,444 ghf 7: g <4-solchf gfvortmsoeoht roquostmhk roquostmhk lchtrmjutmchs. lchtrmjutmchs. Ct`or oaacrts jy Er. Nglbsch tc 7< rgmso gwgrohoss ghf auhfs acr Nglbsch”s Acuhfgtmch gro hueorcus ghf woii-pujimlmzof. 76
:6.
[`mio Nglbsch”s Acuhfgtmch ms hc ichkor gltmvo, gs g rosuit r osuit ca mts
7? wcrifwmfo sulloss mh rgmsmhk gwgrohoss ghf echoy acr l`mifroh”s lgusos, ’@ogi t`o 71 [crif― ms g p`rgso t`gt lchtmhuos tc mhvcbo Er. Nglbsch, Er. Nglbsch”s @ogi t`o [crif 7; l`grmty, schk, ghf lceemteoht tc meprcvmhk t`o imvos ca l`mifroh grcuhf t`o wcrif. 70
:?.
Cho lchsoquohlo ca t`o lchausmch lgusof jy Foaohfght @V[A ghf Es.
7= Nc`hsch”s gltmvmtmos ms t`gt jcctiokkors caaormhk acr sgio ghf soiimhk uhgut`crmzof
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Lgso :>4=-lv-4;406-FEK -TIG Fclueoht 7<: #>??;;
Amiof 46/7:/77 Tgko 0 ca 0 Tgko MF
