User Guide LANC0M III Portable Flue Gas Analyzer Publication No. 770.083 Language English
Combustion & Environmental Monitoring
Design and Manufacturing Standards The Quality Management System of Land Instruments International is approved to BS EN ISO 9001 for the design, manufacture and on-site servicing of combustion, environmental monitoring and non-contact temperature measuring measuring instrumentation. instrumentation. Associated software is designed and developed in accordance with TickIT. The Quality Management System of Land Instruments International Inc., USA is approved to ISO 9001. This instrument complies with current European directives relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility 89/336/ EEC and Low Volt Voltage age Directive 73/23/EEC. Operation of radio transmitters, telephones or other electrical/electronic devices in close proximity to the equipment while the enclosure doors of the instrument or its peripherals are open, may cause interference and possible failure where the radiated emissions exceed the EMC directive. The protection provided by both CE and IP classifications to this product may be invalidated if alterations or additions are made to the structural, electrical, mechanical or pneumatic parts of this system. Such changes may also invalidate the standard terms of warranty. Dimensions Unless otherwise stated, all measurements are given in millimetres and inches. Copyright This manual is provided as an aid to owners of a Land Instruments International’s products and contains information proprietary to Land Instruments Internati International. onal. This manual may may not, in whole or part, part, be copied, or reproduced reproduced without without the expressed written consent of Land Instruments International Ltd. ©Copyright 2003 Land Instruments International.
Signs and Symbols Used on Equipment and Documentation Caution,, risk of electric shock. Caution
Caution, attention to possibility Caution, possibility of risk of damage to to the product, process or surroundings. Refer to instruction manual.
Protective Conductor Terminal.
Caution, hot surface. Caution,
Observe precautions for handling electrostatic discharge sensitive devices.
This item or material can be recycled.
Important information.
Health and Safety Information Equipment Operation Use of this instrument in a manner not specified by Land Instruments International may be hazardous. Electrical Power Supply Before working on the electrical connections all of the electrical power lines lines to the equipment must must be isolated. All the electrical cables and signal cables must must be connected exactly as indicated in these operating instructions. If in doubt contact Land Instruments International. Face & Eye Protection Suitable face and eye protection must be worn when working on hot vessels and ducts! Special safety measures must be taken when working on a high-pressure duct. Protective Clothing Protective clothing must always be worn when working in the vicinity of hot vessels or ducts.
Storage The instrument should be stored in its packaging, in a dry sheltered area.
Unpacking Check all packages for external signs of damage. Check the contents against the packing note.
Return of Damaged Goods IMPORTANT If any item has been damaged in transit, this should be reported to the carrier and to the supplier immediately. Damage caused in transit is the responsibility of the carrier not carrier not the supplier. DO NOT RETURN a damaged instrument to the sender as the carrier will not then consider consider a claim. Save the packing with the damaged article for inspection by the carrier. Return of Goods for Repair If you need to return goods for repair please contact our Customer Service Department. They will be able to advise you on the correct returns procedure. Any item returned to Land Instruments International should be adequately packaged to prevent damage during transit. You must include a written report of the problem together with your own name and contact information, address, telephone number, email address etc. Lifting Instructions Where items are too heavy to be lifted manually, manually, use suitably rated lifting equipment. Refer to the Technical Technical Specification Specificat ion for weights. All lifting should be done as stated in local regulations. regulations.
LANCOM III
User Guide
Contents 1
About Your Analyzer
1
2
Dos and Don’ts
2
3
Using the Control Panel
3
4
Setting Up the Analyzer
4
5
Operating Your Analyzer
6
6
Recording Gas Readings
8
7
Maintenance Procedures
13
8
Spare Parts
18
9
Using the Smoke Probe
20
10
Using the High Temperature Probe
21
11
Using the DrySampler Probe
22
12
Understanding Mass Flow
23
13
Output Options
25
14
Technical Specification
26
15
Calibrating the Analyzer
27
16
Glossary
31
REV 1 October 2003
Publication Number 770.083
User Guide
1
LANCOM III
About Your Analyzer thermocouple connection sample line
control panel
on/off
flow probe port exhaust
paper advance printer
probe handle
catch-pot sealing cone sample line
probe pipe sinter filter
gas pre-filter printer / personal computer port CO compensation filter
analogue outputs
power supply connection 1
LANCOM III
2
User Guide
Dos and Don’ts DO
DO NOT
Use the analyzer in the upright position.
Abort the zero calibration – this will result in incorrect gas readings.
Make sure there are no loops in the sample line.
Operate the analyzer on its side – liquid in the catch-pot may flood the analyzer.
Connect the sample line before operating.
Leave the Lancom III operating unattended for long periods – the catch-pot may fill and flood the analyzer use the “wake and sleep” option instead.
Make sure the filters are in good condition.
Use for extended periods where gas concentrations are very high.
Empty the catch-pot after use. Attempt to sample gas without connecting the sample line - it may cause damage to the pump.
Allow the temperature of the analyzer to stabilise before use, for example if it has been stored in an air-conditioned office or a hot car.
Operate with the catch-pot or filters removed - this will result in incorrect readings.
If you are using the analyzer between locations where the ambient temperature may vary, use the recalibrate function between locations to optimize performance.
Touch the probe tube after use – it could be very hot.
Over-tighten the catch-pot.
Recalibrate using certified gas mixtures every 6 months. Contact Land or an authorised dealer for details.
Leave the analyzer in direct sunlight.
Use the probe without the sinter filter .
2
User Guide
3
LANCOM III ENTER Key
Using the Control Panel
Use the ENTER key to confirm a selection by first highlighting it using the arrow keys.
On/Off To turn on the analyzer hold down the on/off key
In the GAS READINGS screen press the ENTER key to see more information.
until the analyzer starts (you will hear the pump start).
In some menus the ENTER key is used to scroll down a list of options.
To turn off the analyzer hold down the on/off key for about 3 seconds - you will hear the pump start - this is normal. Air is passed through the gas sensors for about 30 seconds before the analyzer switches off.
Arrow Keys Use the up and down arrow key to highlight the menu option of your choice and then press the ENTER key to display the next menu screen.
Function Keys The operation of each function key is shown on the display and will differ between screens.
All menu options can be found from the main menu. Some menus are password protected - contact LAND or and approved distributor for advice.
LED Indicators
GAS READINGS RE-CALIBRATE SET-UP DIAGNOSTICS MANUAL CAL DRAFT READINGS
DATA LOG SMOKE CONT MONITORING PURGE & PUMP OFF FLOW
HELP
Function Keys LED Indicators On Charge Stand By Service Low Batt Fault
Enter Key
Arrow Keys
The analyzer is powered and operational. The battery is being charged or the analyzer is connected to an external power supply. Not used on this instrument. Carry out routine maintenance. See Maintenance Schedule. See page 16. Recharge the batteries. See page 14. A fault has been detected. See The Fault Light page 15 3
LANCOM III
User Guide 3
Press the right arrow key to move the cursor to the month and use the up or down arrow key to change the value.
There are 4 lines of text available for the header. The footer has 2 lines. Each line has a maximum of 24 characters.
4
Press the right arrow key to move the cursor to the year and use the up or down arrow key to change the value.
1
5
To change the time press ENTER or press EXIT (F1) to leave this screen without changing the time.
6
Change the hour and then use the right arrow key to move to the cursor to the minutes column. Change the minutes using the up or down arrow key.
7
Press EXIT (F1) to save the new date and time.
4
Setting Up the Analyzer
4.1 Changing the Printer Header and Footer
From the main menu select: SET-UP>PRINTER> CURRENT HEADER.
2
Use the keys on the control panel to enter text. Left and right keys move the cursor.
Up and down keys changethe character under the cursor.
4.3 Configuration for Combustion Efficiency Measurement Fuel efficiency, loss and excess air are displayed on the GAS READINGS screen and also appear on printouts and in data logs.
Enter moves the cursor to the next line of text.
3
4
To measure fuel efficiency the correct fuel type must be specified.
Press NEXT (F4) to display the CURRENT FOOTER. Use the same method to change the footer and press ENTER to complete.
Setting the Fuel Type: SET-UP > FUEL TYPE >
Pr es s A BOR T ( F3 ) t o e xi t t hi s screen without applying changes.
WOOD - LIGHT FUEL OIL - HEAVY FUEL OIL - NATURAL GAS - PROPANE COAL - 4 USER SPECIFIC FUELS
4.2 Setting the Date and Time The date format is DAY:MONTH:YEAR. 1
From the main menu select: SET-UP > DATE & TIME
2
Use the up and down arrow keys to change the day.
The values required to calculate fuel efficiency are shown in SET-UP > FUEL DATA and cannot be changed. Fuel efficiency values are not available when using the high temperature probe. Four blank fuel types are provided for customization. Contact LAND or an approved dealer for advice. 4
User Guide
LANCOM III
4.4 Configuration for Emissions Monitoring To Enable Wet Analysis NO2 Factor
Normally the gas readings are given on a “dry” basis. Wet analysis can be enabled and requires the water content of the flue gas to be entered. 1
If a NO2 sensor has not been fitted to the analyzer the NO2 factor is be used to calculate NOX from the NO reading.
From the main menu select: SET-UP > SYSTEM > NO2 FACTOR SET-UP > SYSTEM > NEXT (F4) > ANALYSIS Changing the Measurement Units
2
3
Press the up arrow key to change this option to WET and press ENTER.
Temperature Units
You must enter the water content. Press the ENTER key twice to highlight the WATER option.
SET-UP > SYSTEM > TEMPERATURE: Celsius, Fahrenheit
Use the up or down arrow key to change this value and then press ENTER.
Gas Concentration Units SET-UP > SYSTEM > DISPLAY UNITS: mg/Nm3, ppm , ng/J, lb/mmBtu
Oxygen Normalization Units of Pressure (Draft Readings)
Oxygen normalization can be enabled or disabled from the control panel. 1
SET-UP > SYSTEM > UNITS OF PRESSURE: wgc, hPa
From the main menu select: SET-UP > SYSTEM>NEXT (F4) > O2 NORMALIZATION -use the ENTER key to scroll through the options.
2
Hydrocarbon Concentration Units SET-UP > SYSTEM > CxHx UNITS: %, ppm
Use the arrow keys to change this option to YES or NO. Mass Flow Units
3
I f yo u h av e e na bl ed oxy ge n normalization you must enter the oxygen normalization factor. Press the ENTER key to highlight the O2 FACTOR option and use the arrow keys to change this value and then press ENTER.
SET-UP > FLOW > MASS FLOW UNITS: lbs/min, lbs/hr, kg/hr, kg/min, tons/yr
5
LANCOM III
5
User Guide
Operating Your Analyzer
4
Insert the probe into the stack – see Using the Standard Probe page 7.
5
When zero calibration is complete select GAS READINGS.
6
Press GO (F3) to begin sampling.
Each time you use your analyzer check: The catch-pot is empty and securely fastened. The catch-pot must be air tight. The battery is fully charged (or use the power lead).
The current gas readings are shown on the display. Press ENTER to see further screens of information.
There is sufficient printer paper . See page 13.
Wait about 3 minutes for the gas readings to settle before you record them.
Operating Instructions 1
2 3
Connect the sample line (1) and thermocouple (2).
7
W he n t he g as r ead ing s h av e stabilised you can print or log them.
8
To display the mass flow rates press FLOW (F2) on the gas readings screen. To display gas concentrations again press STD (F2).
Switch on the analyzer. Wait for the analyzer to complete the zero calibration.
Do not abort the zero calibration.
Stopping Gas Sampling Without Turning Off the Analyser 1
2
1
From the main menu select: PURGE & PUMP OFF.
2
The analyzer will stop sampling and pass air through the gas sensors for about 30 seconds (Air purging).
3
W he n yo u a re r ea dy t o s tar t sampling select GAS READINGS and press GO (F3).
3 4
Mass Flow Readings 1 2 3 4
Sample line Thermocouple On/off key Sample line release
Follow the set up procedure for mass flow before using mass flow rates - see Understanding Mass Flow page 22. 6
User Guide
LANCOM III Emptying the Catch-pot
Using the Standard Probe
1
Pull OUT the catch-pot from the clip.
2
Remove the catch-pot by gently turning clockwise.
3
Empty the catch-pot. To avoid air leaks when replacing the catch-pot make sure the gasket is still in position (see page 17) and the catch-pot is securely fitted.
The probe should be inserted into the gas flow through a suitably sized sample port. Probe Type Standard Flow High Temperature DrySampler Smoke
Port Diameter Minimum Maximum 11 (7/16”) 40 (1.6”) 11 (7/16”) 11 (7/16”) 11 (7/16”)
16 (5/8”) 55 (2.2”) 16 (5/8”) 16 (5/8”) 19 (3/4”)
Do not over-tighten the catch-pot.
The sealing cone should form a seal in the sample port to prevent the ingress of air (which may give a false gas reading). The sealing cone can be moved along the probe pipe to position the probe tip.
Damage or cracking to the catch-pot can cause leaks which will affect the accuracy of the gas readings. Enlarging the Display
You can use a piece of heat proof fabric to improve the seal. To sample gas successfully the probe tip should be positioned in the main gas flow.
1
In the GAS READINGS screen press ENTER. Press ZOOM (F3)
02
10.3%
PBE. TEMP
171°C
MENU
2
7
HELP
EXIT
The up arrow key scrolls through the measurements displayed on the top line and the down arrow key those on the bottom line.
LANCOM III
6
User Guide 6.1 Printing Gas Readings
Recording Gas Readings
1
Gas readings can be printed immediately or stored in memory.
In the main menu select: GAS READINGS
Data logging stores gas readings in the LANCOM III ’s memory. This allows you to print the data logs or to download them using a personal computer. If you need to make gas readings over a longer period use the Wake and Sleep option (page 10).
2
Press PRINT (F3)
3
A print out of the current gas data is produced.
6.2 Using Data Logging The LANCOM III ’s data logging facility has two settings: manual and automatic. You can save about 930 logs. A data log contains: Date and Time Fuel Type Unit Number Wet/Dry Analysis O2 Normalization On/Off Ambient Temperature Flue Gas Temperature Gas or Mass Flow Readings NOx Concentration CO2 Concentration Fuel Efficiency Excess Air Percentage Water O2 Normalization Factor
Data print out
Calculated average values report
Using Manual Data Logging 1
Data Averages Reporting The LANCOM III calculates the average readings from the stored data logs.
From the GAS READINGS screen press LOG (F4). The above details are saved.
2
An average report appears at the end of the data log printout. Where readings are sent directly to the printer no average report is created. 8
When you are ready to log the next set of gas readings press LOG (F4) again.
User Guide
LANCOM III
Automatic Data Logging
Using Automatic Data Logging
Automatic data logging allows you to specify the number of logs you need and how often you make them. You can store the logs to the memory or print them as they are made.
1
Connect the probe.
2
On the GAS READINGS screen press GO (F3).
Example logging the gas readings every 10 seconds (LOG INTERVAL) for a duration (LOG PERIOD) of 2 minutes generates 12 data logs.
3
Press AUTO LOG (F4) to start automatic data logging.
4
Data logging will stop automatically when the LOG PERIOD has elapsed or when STOP LOG (F4) is pressed. When automatic data logging is complete data logging returns to manual operation.
Setting Up Automatic Data Logging 1
Select DATA LOG>LOG SET-UP.
5
2
Use the up arrow key to change the LOG TYPE to AUTOMATIC and press ENTER.
Deleting Data Logs
3
Choose the destination for the logged data:
Caution - this clears all data logs from the memory.
MEMORY data logs are stored in memory and can be retrieved later.
1
From the main menu select: DATA LOG > CLEAR LOG
PRINTER data logs are printed as they are made. Data logs are not stored. The LOG INTERVAL must be set 30 seconds or over when printing directly.
6.3 Downloading Data Logs 1
RS232 this is available for downloading directly to a personal computer or printer connected to the serial port. If you select RS232 you must also set LOG OUTPUT to determine the data format. 4
5
To print all of the data logs select:
DATA LOG > OUTPUT TO PRINTER 2
Enter the LOG PERIOD - the total time during which all the data logs will be stored. This can be between 2 and 60 minutes.
To download data to a personal computer (for example running HyperTerminal) or a connected serial printer select: DATA LOG > OUTPUT TO RS232.
3
Enter the LOG INTERVAL - the time between each data log. This can be between 10 and 1800 seconds and determines the number of data logs made.
To stop downloading press and hold down the ABORT key. If your personal computer is running Land’s Insight software you can download data logs directly. See your Insight manual for more details.
9
LANCOM III
User Guide When should I use the Wake and Sleep option?
6.4 Using Wake and Sleep The LANCOM III is not designed to be used continuously, however the Wake and Sleep option makes gas readings periodically and turns the analyzer on and off automatically. This prevents the gas sensors from being poisoned by prolonged exposure to flue gas.
When you need to monitor gas emissions over an extended time period. Using the Wake and Sleep option has several advantages: Saves battery life. Helps to prevent the catch-pot from overflowing into the analyzer.
How “Wake and Sleep” Works 1
When Wake and Sleep is enabled the analyzer will purge for about 3 minutes to remove remaining sample gas from the sensors.
2
The analyzer will now “sleep” until the FIRST WAKEUP TIME.
3
At the FIRST WAKEUP time the analyzer will automatically begin a zero calibration.
4
The analyzer begins to sample flue gas.
5
There is a 3 minute delay to allow the gas readings to settle before the first gas reading is taken.
6
After the SAMPLE INTERVAL the next gas reading is taken.
7
When the total number of samples have been taken the analyzer will purge sample gas from the gas sensors and then “sleep” for the remainder of the WAKEUP INTERVAL.
8
This sequence will be repeated automatically at the next WAKEUP INTERVAL until the ABORT key (F1) is pressed.
Prolongs the life of the gas sensors. Allows the analyzer to be left unattended.
10
User Guide
LANCOM III
Setting Up Wake and Sleep 1
Check the date and time are correct in SET-UP > DATE AND TIME.
2
From the main menu select: CONT. MONITORING>SETUP.
3
Enter the WAKEUP INTERVAL - the time between each set of gas readings - in minutes
7
If you have an analogue output port you can choose to enable or disable the analogue outputs during continuous monitoring. All of the analogue outputs will read zero during the sleep phase.
Example
Use the up and down arrow keys to change the WAKEUP INTERVAL and then press ENTER.
You need to take 5 gas readings at 2 minute intervals every 2 hours. The first gas readings will be at 9 am.
4
5
Enter the number of gas samples and the interval between each sample (in minutes) in the same way.
Wake Interval No of Samples Sample Interval First Wakeup
Enter the FIRST WAKEUP time. This is the time of day when the first gas sample will be taken.
LOG TO is set to Memory so the data logs can be downloaded later.
For example if you set FIRST WAKEUP to 13:00:00 gas sampling will begin at 1 pm. 6
120 minutes 5 2 minutes 09:00:00
Starting Wake and Sleep
Press NEXT (F4). Use the up and down arrow keys to choose the LOG TO destination:
1
Clear the existing data logs from the memory: CONT MONITORING > SETUP > CLEAR LOG
MEMORY Data is stored as a data logs in Lancom III’s memory.
This deletes all of the stored data logs.
RS232 This downloads data directly to a printer or personal computer connected to the serial port. If you are printing to an external printer with XON/XOFF protocol or using HyperTerminal set the RS232 OUTPUT option to ASCII Text.
2
Select ENABLE MONITORING.
3
If you get the message “invalid setting, please check” go to the CONT. MONITORING > SETUP screen and check the setting there.
4
To end continuous monitoring press ABORT (F1).
PRINTER the data is printed as it is logged. The data logs are not saved.
11
LANCOM III
User Guide
Downloading Wake and Sleep Data Logs
6.5 Making Draft Readings
Data logs can be retrieved when Wake and Sleep is complete (unless you set LOG TO as PRINTER).
The DRAFT READING represents the differential pressure between the stack pressure (taken at the probe tip) and ambient pressure. Draft readings are made with a standard probe.
Printing Data Logs 1
From the main menu select:
To check the draft reading insert the probe into the stack. From the main menu select:
CONT MONITORING > OUTPUT TO PRINTER 2
DRAFT READING
Printing starts when you press the ENTER key.
The draft readings is displayed on the screen but cannot be recorded or printed.
Downloading to a Personal Computer
To change the units see page 5.
1
To download data to a personal computer (for example running HyperTerminal) select:
The draft sensor must be recalibrated every 6 months. Contact LAND or an approved distributor for more details.
CONT MONITORING > OUTPUT TO RS232
6.6 Zero Calibration
Press ENTER to start downloading.
The analyzer automatically performs a zero calibration when it is switched on.
2
Text in this format cannot be used in spread sheet or word processing packages.
If you are using the analyzer in different locations where the temperature difference is significant perform a zero calibration before making a gas reading in each location.
If your personal computer is running Land’s Insight software you can download data logs directly. See your Insight manual for more details.
You do not need to remove the probe from the stack or disconnect it to perform a zero calibration.
Printing to an External Printer 1
To perform a zero calibration select
To print to a printer connected to the serial port select:
RECALIBRATE and press ENTER.
CONT MONITORING > OUTPUT TO RS232 2
Do not ABORT the zero calibration.
Printing starts when you press the ENTER key.
For optimum performance a span calibration should be carried out every 6 months using certified calibration gases - contact LAND or an approved distributor for more details. 12
User Guide
7
LANCOM III 7.1 Changing the Printer Paper
Maintenance Procedures
1 The LANCOM III requires very little maintenance.
Remove t he side panel by releasing the two screws . printer
Routine maintenance is very simple and requires no special tools. To get the maximum performance from your analyzer follow these guidelines:
1
It is recommend that your analyzer is recalibrated every 6 months. For further information contact Land Instruments International or an authorised dealer.
2
Do not ignore the service light.
3
F ol lo w t he i ns tr uc ti ons in t he Maintenance Schedule when the service light comes on.
4
Wherever possible operate the analyzer inside its bag to protect it.
5
Do not use continually when gas concentrations are high.
6
Don’t operate for extended periods - use the Wake and Sleep option.
7
Empty catch-pot regularly to avoid liquid entering the analyzer.
8
panel screws
A
A
glossy side of paper
2
Loosen the retaining screw and take out the spindle.
3
Remove the empty printer roll.
4
Slide new paper roll onto spindle. The paper roll should be replaced so that the glossy side (A) appears at the top when it leaves the printer.
Check the condition of the catch-pot and filters regularly. 5
13
Replace the spindle and tighten screw (A).
LANCOM III
User Guide 7.3 Recharging the Batteries
The Low Batt light on the control panel illuminates when the batteries need recharging. Do not remove the batteries. Connect the analyzer to the mains power supply.
A B C
The batteries will recharge while the analyzer is switched off. The charging light on the control panel will be illuminated.
Spindle screw Paper advance key Paper release
A full recharge will take about 8 hours.
power supply connection
6
Cut the edge of the paper at a slight angle.
7
Thread the paper edge under the black roller into the printer.
8
The paper feeds automatically into the printer.
To Check the Battery Power 1
DIAGNOSTICS > SYSTEM When fully charged the battery will read between 12.5 and 12.9 Volts. This is sufficient for about 8 hours use.
7.2 Clearing Paper Jams 1
Press down the green paper release latch (C) release the paper roller.
2
Pull out the jammed paper.
3
Cut the edge of the paper and thread it back into the printer.
From the main menu select:
When the battery voltage falls below 11.5 Volts the Low Batt light will illuminate. If the battery voltage falls below 10.5 Volts the analyzer will shut down.
14
User Guide
LANCOM III
7.4 The Fault Light
7.5 The Service Light
If the Fault light illuminates check the diagnostics screen. Contact LAND or an approved distributor.
The filter counter measures the amount of SO2 and NOx passing through the analyzer. When the filter count reaches 120 000 ppm.mins the service light comes on.
1
2
3
F ro m t he m ai n m en u s el ec t DIAGNOSTICS > SYSTEM
The current filter count is displayed in DIAGNOSTICS > FILTER
Use the NEXT (F4) to reach the SYSTEM FAULTS screen (5th screen).
When the service light comes on carry out the following before you use your analyzer again.
Check the fault list - print out the SYSTEM REPORT you may be asked to provide it to aid diagnosis.
1
Replace the CO compensation filter - see page 16 and 17 for details.
2
Inspect the analyzer as described in the maintenance schedule page 16. Reset the filter counter.
Printing a System Report 1
From the main menu select: DIAGNOSTICS > REPORT
3
2
Select the destination (PRINTER) and press REPORT (F4)
Resetting the Filter Counter 1
From the main menu select:
Clearing Faults 1
SET-UP > SYSTEM > CLEAR FILTER COUNTS
From the main menu select:
SET-UP > SYSTEM > CLEAR FAULTS
2
The service light will go out.
The fault light will go out. Fault Report
Action
Invalid parameter X compensation fault ADC fault Printer buffer overrun Zero O2 readings following recal Land. Checksum error Main battery low Filter change recommended
Memory fault. Contact Land. Calculation error. Contact Land. Faulty ADC. Contact Land. If problem persists contact Land. Oxygen sensor failed - replace sensor. Contact Memory fault. Contact Land. Recharge batteries. See page 14. Change filters and reset the filter counter.
15
LANCOM III
User Guide
7.6 Maintenance Schedule Item
Check
Sinter filter 702.182
Keep the sinter filter clean. After use allow to cool and clean with a wire brush and a mild detergent. Replace if it is cracked or corroded. Do not operate with the sinter filter removed.
Gas pre-filter 703.144
Replace if the filter is dirty or discoloured. the plastic casing is cracked or opaque.
Replace if *CO compensation filter 703.145
the service light illuminates. the filter granules begin to turn white. the plastic casing is cracked or opaque.
Catch-pot 701.828
Replace if cracked or damaged. Check the gasket (319.250) is still in place inside the hinged section.
Probe o-ring 319.211
Remove the probe from the handle and check the o-ring, replace if damaged.
* Reset the filter counter whenever you replace the CO compensation filter (page 15).
Upgrading Your Analyzer Upgrades normally require the analyzer to be returned to LAND, however if you have a personal computer (or a laptop) with an Internet connection it is possibl e to perform upgrades remotely. To perform upgrades remotely you will need a copy of the GASS software (available on request) a serial cable and the addition parts. 16
User Guide
LANCOM III
7.7 Maintenance Instructions The filters must be replaced in the correct position.
wire clip
Changing the Filters
gas pre-filter
1
Push over the wire clip and remove each filter.
CO compensation filter
2
Remove the two protective caps from each replacement filter.
3
To avoid air leaks make sure the filters are pushed fully into the analyser.
4
Pull the wire clip over each filter. When you have replaced the filters reset the filter counter. See section The Service Light page 15.
This way up
Standard Probe
A
C
D
B E Item A B C D E
Description O-ring Sinter filter Catch-pot assembly Gasket Catch-pot
Part Number 319.211 702.182 704.344 319.250 701.828 17
LANCOM III
8
User Guide
Spare Parts
Spares kit containing items 1 to 4 - 703.314 1
2
CO compensation filter
703.145
Gas pre-filter
3
703.144
4
702.182
Sample line connector
317.109
Printer Paper
405.109
Flow meter for calibration
703.935
Catch-pot with hinge (left) Catch-pot (right) Catch-pot gasket (not shown)
704.344 701.828 319.250
Sinter filterfor standard probe Other Spare Parts
18
User Guide
LANCOM III
Spare Parts for Probes Standard Probe
Smoke Probe
o-ring for standard probe 319.211
Standard Probe Handle and Hose 3m 10 ft 703.128 10 m 32 ft 703.163 Filter papers (above) Bacharach Greyscale Charts
Replacement steel probe pipe for standard probe 300 mm 1m 1.5 m 2m 3m
12” 3 ft 5 ft 6 ½ ft 10 ft
702.141 702.205 702.206 703.440 702.207 Drysampler Probe
High Temperature Probe Seal for high temperature probe 704.189
Box of twenty ice packs Body assembly Catch pot Heat exchanger assembly Viton O-ring
Replacement mullite (ceramic) probe pipes for High Temperature Probe. 300 mm 500 mm 750 mm 1m 1.5 m 3m
12 ” 20 ” 29 ½ ” 3 ft 5 ft 10 ft
701.616 702.035
305.001 305.002 305.003 305.004 305.005 305.006
19
321.033 323.350 323.351 323.352 323.353
LANCOM III
9
User Guide Making the smoke measurement
Using the Smoke Probe
1
Measuring the sample flow rate
SET-UP > SYSTEM > SMOKE MEASUREMENT
The flow rate of the sample gas through the probe will determine the sample time used to make the smoke measurement. 1
Connect the smoke probe.
2
Connect a flow meter to the exhaust port.
3
F ro m t he m ai n m en u se le ct : SMOKE.
4
Insert the probe into the sample port and press GO (F4).
5
U se th e f lo w m et er re ad in g t o determine the sample time from the table. Do not disconnect the flow meter. Flow Rate (L/min)
Sample Time (s)
Flow Rate (L/min)
Sample Time (s)
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
240 192 160 137 120 107 96 87 80 74 69
1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
64 60 57 53 51 48 46 44 42 40 38
From the main menu select:
2
Enter the sample time from the table.
3
Return to the main menu and select: SMOKE
4
Insert the filter paper into the smoke probe. Wait for the probe to warm up and then press GO (F4).
filter paper cartridge
thermocouple sample line connect flow meter
Sample Times for Land Smoke Probe
Example 5
The heated smoke probe will operate from fully charged batteries for a maximum of 20 minutes.
The sample flow rate should remain constant throughout the smoke measurement time. If the sample flow rate drops significantly remove the filter paper and repeat the test.
6
When the smoke measurement is complete remove the filter paper.
If you intend to use the smoke probe for longer periods use a mains power supply.
7
Compare the filter paper with the Bacharach Smoke Scale.
It the flow meter reads 0.7 litres per minute set SMOKE MEASUREMENT to 137 seconds.
20
User Guide
LANCOM III
10 Using the High Temperature Probe The Land High Temperature Probe can be used in flue gas temperatures up to 1400°C (2552°F).
Assembling the High Temperature Probe 1
Loosen the sealing cone (2).
2
Slide probe pipe (1) through the sealing cone (2) and seal (3) and carefully tighten the sealing cone (2). When replacing a probe pipe, remove the seal (3) and clear any debris before replacing the probe pipe.
The High Temperature Probe is used in the same way as the standard probe, however it cannot be used to measure fuel efficiency as the gas temperature is not measured.
3
The position of the probe handle (7) can be adjusted. Loosen the top retaining screws and reposition the handle. Tighten the screws securely.
Using the High Temperature Probe
Connect the sample line to the port marked “Flue Gas”
1
Connect the sample line (5) to the flue gas port on the analyzer.
2
From the main menu select: GAS READINGS > GO (F3)
The Probe Pipe and Heat Shield become HOT when in use.
The high temperature probe is used in the same way as a standard probe.
See page 7 for a table of entry port diameters.
1 2 1 2 3 4
Probe pipe 5 Sealing cone 6 Seal (704.189) 7 Handle assembly
3
Sample line 6 Heat shield Adjustable handle
21
7
4
5
LANCOM III
User Guide
11 Using the DrySampler Probe Once assembled the DrySampler probe is used in the same way as the standard probe.
7
After use, remove the ice pack (follow the manufactures instructions for disposal) and empty the catch-pot.
1 Make sure the catch-pot (5) has been emptied, and is secure.
When emptying the catch-pot the contents may be corrosive.
2 Unscrew the coolant pot (7) and remove it. 3
See page 7 for a table of entry port diameters.
Follow the instructions on the ice pack to activate it.
2
The ice pack contains ammonium nitrate and water and is corrosive. If contents leak, rinse coolant pot with water. Avoid contact with skin and clothing.
4
1 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Carefully roll the ice pack and insert it into the coolant pot (7). Replace the coolant pot by threading the impinger (6) through the ice pack, taking care not to puncture it. It is simpler to replace the coolant pot with the o-ring removed. Store the o-ring on top of the impinger (6).
5
The ice pack will be effective for approximately half an hour. Shake the pack occasionally to extend this time.
6
Connect the sample line (4) and connector (3) in the normal way. The probe is now ready for use.
Probe collar 4 Probe Thermocouple 3 Sample line Catch-pot Impinger Coolant pot *Cool pack (321.003)
5
8
7
*An alternative cooling medium, such as iced water may be used.
22
User Guide
LANCOM III There are two steps to making a mass flow measurement.
12 Understanding Mass Flow
1
Measure the flue gas velocity of the gas in the stack from the location you will make the mass flow reading. The measured velocity is stored in the analyzer.
2
Use the standard probe in the normal way to measure gas concentrations. Mass flow is calculated from the measured gas concentration using stored information.
The flow probe is used to measure the velocity of the flue gas not the mass flow rates. Mass flow rates can be measured with a standard or Drysampler probe.
To Enter the Flue Gas Velocity from the Control Panel
To measure mass flow rate you must know the velocity of the flue gas in the stack. If you know this you can enter it from the control panel.
1
From the main menu select FLOW
If you do not have this information you can use the Land’s Flow Probe to measure it.
Enter all of the information required on this screen.
You must enter the following information.
Probe K Factor 1.422
PRESSURE - atmospheric pressure.
The density correction factor (unless an accurate density comparison can be made).
WATER - the percentage water content of the flue gas.
2
DUCT AREA - the cross sectional area of the duct.
1
Press NEXT (F4) > MANUAL (F3)
FLUE GAS TEMPERATURE - this must be entered manually if you are not using the flow probe.
To get an accurate mass flow measurement you must take the gas readings from the same location as the flow probe.
23
3
Press F2 select the temperature units before you enter the value. Press enter to confirm.
4
Press F3 to change the duct velocity units before you enter the value.
5
Press EXIT (F1) to save settings.
6
Press MENU (F1) to return to the main menu.
LANCOM III
User Guide
Using the Flow Probe to Find the Flue Gas Velocity Do not insert the probe into the stack until step 6. 1
From the main menu select FLOW.
2
Enter all of the information required on this screen.
direction of flow
Probe K Factor 1.422 The density correction factor 1 (unless an accurate density comparison can be made). 3
4
1 2 3
Connect the flow probe - but do not insert the probe into the stack until step 6.
Clear pipe Black pipe Thermocouple
See page 7 for a table of entry port diameters.
Press NEXT (F4) > GO (F4) The flow measurements will be displayed on the screen.
5
Press ZERO (F3) and wait for the flow reading to stabilise.
6
Now insert the flow probe into the stack using the sealing cone to position it.
7
Press STORE (F4) to record the flow measurements.
The probe must be positioned in the stack so that the probe tip is facing directly into the gas flow. The “direction of flow” arrow on the handle can be used as a guide once the probe has been inserted into the stack.
Press F2 to change the units: cubic feet per second or cubic metres per second. The instrument is now ready to make mass flow readings using a standard probe. To zero mass flow readings press ZERO (F3) and then STORE (F4). All mass flow readings on the GAS READINGS screen will be shown as zero.
probe tip direction of gas flow 24
User Guide
LANCOM III
13 Output Options
2
Use the arrow keys to change the minimum and maximum values and press ENTER to move the cursor to the next line.
3
Press NEXT (F4) to step through the channels.
13.1 Analogue Outputs GROUND/RETURN
13
12
25
11
24
OP12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
23
9
22
OP10
OP11
Channel Number
10
8 21
7 20
OP 8
OP 9
OP 7
Output Number OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 OP5 OP6 OP7 OP8 OP9 OP10 OP11 OP12
6 19
5 18
OP 6 OP 5
3
4 17
16
OP 4
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
15
Units of Measurement
1 14
Outputs 4, 7 and 9 are designated as a percentage concentration.
OP 2
OP 3
Pin
2
The units of all other outputs is defined in SETUP > SYSTEM > DISPLAY UNITS.
OP 1
13.2 Serial Communications
Designation
A serial port is provided to allow communication with a personal computer or printing to an external printer. A cable is supplied with the Insight software.
CO low CO high SO2 O2 NO2 NO HxCy H 2S CO2 * * *
A standard cable can be used to connect to an external printer. Land part number 203.873. It is not normally necessary to change the serial port settings. You can check or change these settings by selecting
*set these individually to: calculated fuel efficiency, calculated fuel loss, calculated excess air, calculated total NOx, flue temperature or ambient temperature.
Language Display Options
Where a gas sensor is not fitted the output from the respective channel will be zero.
The menu can be displayed in other languages: English, French, German, Italian, Polish, and Spanish
The analogue outputs are set to zero during the “sleep” phase.
To change the display language.
Analogue Output Ranges The ranges for each of the 12 channels can be set independently. 1
From the main menu select: SET-UP > ANALOGUE O/P 25
1
From the main menu select:
2
SET-UP > LANGUAGES
3
Use the up or down arrow key to change the language and press ENTER to confirm.
LANCOM III
User Guide
14 Technical Specification Range Gas sensors Oxygen, O2 Carbon Monoxide, CO Low CO, (H2 compensated) Carbon Monoxide, CO High Sulphur Dioxide, SO2 Nitric Oxide, NO Nitrogen Dioxide, NO2 Carbon Dioxide, CO2 ** Hydrogen Sulphide, H2S Hydrocarbons CxHy
Range 0 to 25 % Vol 0 to 2000 ppm 0 to 2000 ppm 0 to 4 % 0 to 2000 ppm 0 to 1000 ppm 0 to 100 ppm 0 to 25 % Vol 0 to 200 ppm 0 to 5.0 % Vol
Flue Gas Temperature Ambient Temperature Draft*** Carbon Dioxide, CO2 Efficiency Excess air Loss Flow Measurement (velocity)
Measured 0 - 1000 °C ±5 °C / 1832 °F ±41 °F Measurement over full range ±51 cm / 20 ” water gauge Calculated where no sensor is fitted Calculated Calculated Calculated 1 to 50 m/s
* ** ***
Accuracy Resolution ±1 % ±0.1 % Vol ±2 %* ±1 ppm ±2 %* ±1 ppm ±2 %* ±1 ppm ±2 %* ±1 ppm ±2 %* ±1 ppm ±2 %* ±1 ppm ±0.5 % Vol.* ±0.1 % Vol. ±2 %* ±1 ppm Application dependent
Calibration per CTM034 or LAND factory procedure True measurement where sensor fitted (calculated where not) reduced to ±26 cm / 10 ” water gauge when used with the flow probe.
Special ranges must be requested at the time of purchase.
Fuels
Wood - Light Fuel Oil Heavy Fuel Oil Natural gas Propane - Coal 4 User definable fuels
Power Supply
95 - 265 V a.c. +10 %, 50-60 Hz, 30 Watts.
Rechargeable battery
2 x 6 V 4 Amp.hours.
Operating Temperature Range
-5 to 45 oC / +23 to 113 oF
Maximum Probe Temp for Standard probe
600 oC/1112 oF continuous 1000 oC/1832 oF intermittent
Weight
6 kg / 13 lbs
Dimensions
453 mm x 120 mm x 245 mm 17.8 ” x 4.7 ” x 9.6 ”
Continuous product development may make it necessary to change these details without notice.
26
User Guide
LANCOM III
15 Calibrating the Analyzer
Calibration gas is expensive and delivery time can be long. Check with your local supplier before ordering gas.
15.1 Automatic Zero Calibration When the analyzer is switched on it automatically performs a zero calibration.
A pressure regulator must be supplied to adjust the calibration gas pressure to 0.7 bar (10 psi).
Do not abort the zero calibration. Ambient air is drawn through a vent in the analyzer and is used for zero calibration. This means it is possible to perform a zero calibration with the probe connected.
Use a calibration gas concentration of between 70 and 100% of the gas sensor range.
15.2 Important Safety Information
For example to calibrate a gas sensor with a range of 0 to 1000 ppm a calibration gas with a concentration of 750 ppm would be suitable.
Calibration gas is dangerous. You must comply with local health and safety and fire regulations. Calibration gases must be obtained from a reliable supplier. Calibration gas contains a small amount of the measured gas usually in a balance of nitrogen (there are some exceptions).
Calibration Gas Required
15.3 Calibration Gas Concentration Calibration gas is purchased with a nominal concentration accuracy of ±5%. It is then certified by the gas filler to the actual concentration accuracy ±2%. This information is provided on a certificate which accompanies the cylinder and is the value which must be entered into the instrument.
Gas Sensor
Gas Required
CO (H2 compensated) CO low CO high SO2 O2 O2 zero gas NO2 NO CxHy H2S CO2 CO2 zero gas
CO and H 2 CO CO SO2 *none CO (in N2) NO2 NO methane H2S CO2 N2
*Ambient air is used to calibrate the oxygen sensor. Connect a hose connector (Land part number 317.109) to the flue gas port on the control panel.
Usually gas cylinders are filled to between 100 and 200 bar (1450 and 2900 psi). Using calibration gas at this pressure will cause serious damage to the instrument. Read the instructions carefully.
27
LANCOM III
User Guide
15.4 Getting Ready for Calibration
The pipework should be arranged so that there is minimal gas flow at point 8. To avoid pressurising the analyzer use a flow meter which does not have a needle valve.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Calibration gas cylinder Control valve Pressure gauge Flow meter Land part number 703.935 Vent for calibration gas – vent externally Exhaust – vent externally Flow (not used for calibration) Calibration gas connection (flue gas) Land part number 317.109
Hydrogen Compensated Calibration Where a CO hydrogen compensated gas sensor is fitted the sensor must also be calibrated using hydrogen. Select hydrogen from the menu and continue as for normal calibration.
28
User Guide
LANCOM III
15.5 Performing a Span Calibration Press CAL to calibrate. The GASS Software can also be used to perform a calibration. Refer to the GASS Instruction Manual.
CO LOW
10 ppm
1
Make sure you have a list of the calibration gas concentrations - you will need to enter these values during calibration.
10 Wait for the gas reading to stabilise (3 to 5 minutes) and then press CAL (F3). Calibration of the gas sensor is now complete.
2
Check that the exhaust extraction is functioning correctly.
11 Use the EXIT key to return to the MANUAL CALIBRATION screen.
3
B ef or e y ou r b eg in ca li br at in g, perform a zero calibration. Select RECALIBRATE from the main menu.
12 Turn off the calibration gas and disconnect the calibration gas cylinder.
4
When zero calibration is complete connect the calibration gas supply to the flue gas port on the analyser.
13 Repeat this procedure for the remaining gas sensors.
5
Set the pressure regulator on the calibration gas cylinders to 0.7 bar (10 psi) and turn on the gas supply. Ensure flow at flow meter (4).
14 When all of the gas sensors have been calibrated, the exhaust extraction should remain on for approximately 10 minutes to remove remaining calibration gas.
6
From the main menu select MANUAL CAL.
15 When calibration is complete select PURGE AND PUMP OFF.
7
Use the up arrow key to display the password and then press ENTER.
8
Select the gas sensor you are going to calibrate and press ENTER. The sample pump will start.
16 C he ck t he g ai n va lu es DIAGNOSTICS > SYSTEM press NEXT (F4) until the GAINS screen is displayed.
CAL GAS
1170 ppm
Connect the cal gas and use cursor keys to select the calibration gas concentration. Press ENTER when ready to cal.
9
E nt er t he ca li br at io n g as concentration by pressing the up or down arrow keys to change the displayed value and then press ENTER.
Sensor
Minimum
Maximum
CO low CO high SO2 NO2 NO CxHy H2S CO2
-1100 30 000 1100 -400 -2200 14 000 708 900
-1700 45 000 600 -800 -3200 18 000 1120 1250
If the value of a sensor is outside of this range then it must be replaced. 29
LANCOM III
User Guide
15.6 Carbon Dioxide Sensor Zero Calibration
5
Co nn ect th e an al ys er to the calibration gas supply. Wait for the gas readings to settle, about 5 minutes.
6
On the GAS READINGS screen, the oxygen value should be below 0.3%.
The method for this zero calibration is the same as for span calibration. When performing a zero calibration it is important to use a calibration gas containing no CO2.
If this is not the case, check all of the pipe connections are tight both in the analyser and in the test equipment, it is likely that there is an air leak.
Nitrogen or another calibration gas can be used, for example the calibration gas used to calibrate the NO sensor. Do not use air as it contains approximately 400 ppm of CO2. 15.7 Oxygen Sensor Zero Calibration A zero calibration gas, for example CO in N2, containing no oxygen is required for this check. 1
Connect the sample probe, or use a nylon hose connector in the flue gas connection. The analyser should be sampling clean, fresh air.
2
From the main menu select GAS READINGS and then press GO (F3). The oxygen reading should be between 20.7% and 21.2 %.
3
Press MENU (F1) to return to the main menu and select DIAGNOSTICS.
4
Select CELL EMFS. The oxygen sensor should be between 1.6 and 2 V. If the reading is out of this range replace the oxygen sensor.
30
User Guide
LANCOM III Filter counter The filter counter measures the actual amount of gas passed through the filters. When the filter counter reaches 120 000 ppm.mins the service light comes on. Always reset the filter counter when the filters are replaced.
16 Glossary Analogue Output SET-UP > SYSTEM >ANALOGUE OUTPUT: ENABLED, DISABLED. Either enables or disables the analogue outputs if fitted.
Flow Displayed on the gas readings screen, printouts and data logs. This is a measurement of the volumetric flow. See Mass Flow.
Analysis See Wet Analysis. Backlight Status AUTOMATIC. Determines how the screen light will operate.
Flue Temp The temperature of the flue gas as measured by the probe. This is used in the mass flow and efficiency calculations. Flue temperature cannot be measured by the High Temperature probe.
Backlight Timeout Numeric ( 1 to 180 minutes) If the analyzer is switched on but has not been is use the display will remain illuminated for the backlight timeout period.
Fuel Data SET-UP > SYSTEM > FUEL DATA. These constants are used to calculate the fuel efficiency.
Clear Faults SET-UP > SYSTEM > CLEAR FAULTS: YES / NO. Set to yes to clear any faults – see section “The Fault Light”.
Fuel Efficiency SET-UP > SYSTEM > FUEL EFFICIENCY. This should always be set to TYPE A. Calculated as a percentage, indicates the efficiency of the combustion process. Fuel efficiency is shown on the gas reading display and also appears on the printout and in data logs. The flue efficiency calculation is based on BS843:Part1:1987. Calculation is performed using preprogrammed constants for each fuel type See Fuel Data. Fuel efficiency cannot be calculated when using the High Temperature Probe. See also Loss.
Clear Filter Counts SET-UP > SYSTEM > CLEAR FILTER COUNTS: YES / NO. This resets the filter counter (see filter counter) to zero and extinguishes the service light. CO2 Compensation SET-UP > SYSTEM > CO2 COMPENSATION. The Oxygen sensor has a small cross-sensitivity to CO 2 which is corrected automatically. The normal value for CO2 Compensation is 0.30. This value should only be changed on advice from LAND or an approved distributor.
Fuel Type SET-UP > FUEL TYPE. The fuel type used at a specific measurement point. The options are: Wood, Light Fuel Oil, Heavy Fuel Oil, Natural Gas, Propane, Coal. Fuel Type must be specified if fuel efficiency is being measured. See also Fuel Efficiency.
CxHy Units SETUP>SYSTEM>CxHy UNITS Determines whether the hydrocarbons reading is displayed in ppm or as a percentage.
Language SET-UP >LANGUAGE > ENGLISH. This selects the language types available to the user. Languages other than English must be requested when ordering. Alternative languages cannot be retrofitted.
Display Units SET-UP > SYSTEM > DISPLAY UNITS: ppm, mg, lb/mm/Btu. Change the display units of measurement which appear on the screen, in printout and in data logs. Dry Analysis – see Wet Analysis.
Loss The loss indicates the inefficiency of the burners and is displayed as a percentage. Loss is displayed on the gas readings screen, printouts and in data logs.
Efficiency The efficiency of different types of fuel: maximum amount of CO2 in a given fuel; K1 and K2 factors; Vo(dry)/Ao and the F factor. The fuel data for the given fuel types cannot be changed. There are four blank fuel types, which can be used to create site specific fuel data.
NO2 Factor SET-UP > SYSTEM. Where no NO2 sensor is fitted the NO2 factor – the percentage correction required for calculated NOx readings must be entered. O2 Factor SET-UP > SYSTEM > O2 FACTOR. See also Oxygen Normalization and O2 Normalization. This is the oxygen content – as a percentage – which is required when oxygen normalization is ON.
Excess Air This indicates the amount of air not being burnt in the process. This calculation is performed by the instrument and is determined as with Fuel Efficiency, by the use of various factors. See also Fuel Data.
31
LANCOM III
User Guide
O2 Normalization SET-UP > SYSTEM > O2 NORMALIZATION. See also O2 Factor. Oxygen normalization is optional and can be disabled.
Unit No SET-UP > SYSTEM >UNIT NUMBER. This unit number is used to identify a measurement location and may be a number between 0 and 999. The unit number is recorded on printouts and in data logs. Units of Pressure SET-UP > SYSTEM >UNITS OF PRESSURE hPa, wgc. User selected pressure units - hPa or wgc
Oxygen Normalization. To comply with some environmental legislation, gas readings are required to be given in relationship to a specific oxygen content (normalization). See also O2 factor and O2 Normalization.
Units see Display units.
Pump Speed This value is only applicable when making smoke measurements. It is necessary to either increase or decrease the flow of smoke through the probe to obtain an acceptable quantity measurement. The standard time/flow regulation is subject to local regulations. Contact Land Instruments International for advice.
Velocity The velocity of the flue gas at the measurement point. This can be found using a flow probe. Velocity is used in the calculation of mass flow. Water SET-UP > SYSTEM > WATER: Value %. The percentage of water contained in the flue gas when measuring ‘WET’ analysis. This must be entered correctly when wet analysis is selected. See also Wet Analysis.
Service Light The service light illuminate when the filter counter reaches 120 000 ppm.mins. To extinguish the filter light reset the filter counter.
Wet Analysis SET-UP > SYSTEM > ANALYSIS. Normally the gas reading given is dry analysis. You must enter the water content of the flue gas (as a percentage) if you want to use wet analysis.
Show Negatives SET-UP >SYSTEM > SHOW NEGATIVES: YES, NO. Negative values for gas concentrations and other values can be displayed. When Show Negatives is set to NO values below zero will be displayed as zero.
Zero Calibration Ambient air is used to calibrate the zero point for the gas sensors. Additionally a span calibration must be performed every 6 months using certified calibration gases.
Smoke Measurement This option is available when a heated smoke probe has been purchased as an option with the instrument. The time period (1 - 500 seconds) is the time the instrument draws smoke through the test paper. T.Ambient Displayed on the gas readings screen, printouts and data logs. The ambient air temperature from a built in temperature sensor, in either degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. T.Gas Displayed on the gas readings screen, printouts and data logs. The probe is fitted with a type K thermocouple to give the temperature of the flue gas being measured. This is displayed as T.Gas. The High Temperature Probe has no thermocouple. SET-UP > SYSTEM > Temperature TEMPERATURE: Celsius, Fahrenheit. The units of temperature of all displays and data logs. Tg - Ta Displayed on the gas readings screen, printouts and data logs. This is a calculation of the temperature differential between the flue gas and ambient.
32
User Guide
LANCOM III E
Index
emptying catch pot 7 enable wake and sleep 11 enlarging the display 7 excess air 4 exhaust 1
A aborting continuous monitoring 11 ADC fault 15 analogue output range 25 analogue outputs 1, 25 automatic data logging 9 Automatic Zero Calibration 27 average report 8
F fahrenheit changing to celsius 5 fault clearing 15 fault list 15 filter 1 filter change recommended 15 filter counter resetting 15 filters, changing 17 flow probe port 1 flow probe, using 23 flow rate for smoke probe 20 foreign language 25 format date 4 fuel data 4
B bacharach smoke scale batteries checking 14 recharging 14
20
C Calibrating the Analyser 27 calibration automatic zero 27 calibration gas requirements 27 catch pot 1 maintenance checks 16 celsius changing to fahrenheit 5 changing measurement units 5 changing the filter 17 Checksum error 15 clearing faults 15 clearing paper jams 14 CO compensation filter 1, 16 continuous monitoring. See wake and sleep control panel 1
G gains 29 gas concentration units of 5 gas for span calibration 27 gas pre-filter 1, 16
H hydrocarbons units of measurement
5
I
D
invalid parameter 15
data averages 8 data logging 8 automatic 8 deleting logs 9 downloading 9 date format 4 deleting data logs 9 diagnostic report 15 diagnostics 15 diameter of sample port 7 downloading data logs 9 draft 12 drysampler probe 22
L language, changing display 25 logging data 8 loss 4 low batt 14
M main battery low 15 maintenance schedule 16 manual data logging 8 mass flow disabling 24 units 5
33
LANCOM III
User Guide
N normalisation, oxygen
T 5
temperature units 5 thermocouple connection
O on/off key 1 outputs, analogue 25 oxygen factor 5 oxygen normalisation 5
1
U units changing the 5 upgrading the analyzer 16
P
W
paper advance key 1 power supply 1 pressure units 5 pressure regulator 27 printer 1 changing the paper 13 clearing jams 14 header and footer 4 printer buffer overrun 15 printer paper roll changing 13 printer port 1 printing gas readings 8 probe 1 probe pipe 1 probe tip filter 1 probe, using the 7
wake 11 wake and sleep aborting 10 description 10 setting up 11 starting 11 stopping 11 wake-up time 10
X X compensation fault 15
Z zero calibration 12 Zero O2 readings following recal 15 zoom 7
R range, for analogue outputs 25 recording gas readings 8 reset filter counter 15
S sample line 1 how to connect 6 sample port diameters 7 sealing 7 sample times for smoke probe 20 seal for high temperauture probe 17 sealing cone 1 sealing the sample port 7 serial communications 25 service 15 setting up the analyzer 4 sleep 11 smoke 20 using the smoke probe 20 Span Calibration 29 span calibration 12, 27 span calibration gas requirements 27 spare parts list 18
34
Combustion & Environmental Division
STANDARD TERMS OF WARRANTY
Land Instruments International warrant all products of our own manufacture to be within specified limits of calibration, if any, when despatched from our works. Also that they are free from defects in material and workmanship for normal use and service when used for their intended purpose within the limits of our specification. The period of warranty, with respect to defects in material and workmanship, will be one year from date of despatch, or readiness for despatch should delivery be delayed by the customer who has been notified of the readiness at or after the acknowledged estimated date of despatch. Land Instruments International guarantees to repair any defective workmanship or replace at its own option any defective parts in any product of its manufacture, provided that the defective instrument is returned to our works free of charge and securely packed. Also, provided that the said goods are found to be solely defective due to faulty design, materials or workmanship and not by improper use or accident. Items which under their normal course of use or storage, age or deteriorate e.g. measuring cells, batteries, vacuum tubes, thermocouples, are not covered by this warranty, and will be charged for if replaced together with labour charges for any work found not to be covered by the warranty and any transport or import charges incurred by Land Instruments International at the customers expense. Equipment or components purchased by Land Instruments International from other manufacturers and used with or within Land Instruments International equipment bear only the warranty of the original manufacturer. Warranty work will only be carried out on site on receipt of an official order from the customer who will be charged for all travelling time plus travelling and living expenses involved to carry out the work. Should the said faulty operation not be the cause of the instrument’s faulty design, materials or workmanship, but due to application conditions, Land Instruments International reserve the right to charge additionally for all labour on establishing this at the customer’s works. Warranty cover is subject to the correct planned maintenance being done in accordance with the published service schedule. Failure to follow the planned maintenance will void the warranty terms. Any warranty claim in this event will be at the discretion of Land Instruments International. Whilst every care is taken in the manufacture of our products, we can accept no responsibility for any consequential loss, however caused, through the failure of any of our products to operate accurately or correctly.
Rev 1 July 2003
