UNIT V INTRODUCTION TO AJAX and WEB SERVICES 9 AJAX: Ajax Client Server Architecture-XML Http Request Object-Call Bac Meth!"s# $eb Services: %ntr!"ucti!n- Java &eb services Basics ' Creatin() *ublishin() +estin( an" ,escribin( a $eb services $S,L.-C!nsu/in( a &eb service) ,atabase ,riven &eb service 0r!/ an applicati!n ' SOA*1 5.1 AJAX: AJAX CLIENT SERVER ARCHITECTURE •
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AJAX stan"s 0!r As2nchr!n!us Ja vaScript vaScript an" XML1 AJAX is a ne& technique 0!r creatin( better) 0aster) an" /!re interactive &eb applicati!ns &ith the help !0 XML) H+ML) CSS) an" Java Script1 Ajax uses XH+ML 0!r c!ntent) CSS 0!r presentati!n) al!n( &ith ,!cu/ent Object M!"el an" JavaScript 0!r "2na/ic c!ntent "ispla21 C!nventi!nal &eb applicati!ns trans/it in0!r/ati!n t! an" 0r!/ the server usin( s2nchr!n!us requests1 %t /eans 2!u 0ill !ut a 0!r/) hit sub/it) an" (et "irecte" t! a ne& pa(e &ith ne& in0!r/ati!n 0r!/ the server1 $ith AJAX) &hen 2!u hit sub/it) JavaScript &ill /ae a request t! the server) interpret the results) an" up"ate the current screen1 %n the purest sense) the user &!ul" never n!& that an2thin( &as even trans/itte" t! the server1
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XML is c!//!nl2 use" as the 0!r/at 0!r receivin( server "ata) alth!u(h an2 0!r/at) inclu"in( plain text) can be use"1
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AJAX is a &eb br!&ser techn!l!(2 in"epen"ent !0 &eb server s!0t&are1
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A user can c!ntinue t! use the applicati!n &hile the client pr!(ra/ requests in0!r/ati!n 0r!/ the server in the bac(r!un"1
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%ntuitive an" natural user interacti!n1 Clicin( is n!t require") /!use /!ve/ent is a su00icient event tri((er1
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,ata-"riven as !pp!se" t! pa(e-"riven1
AJAX is Based on Oen S!anda"ds
AJAX is base" !n the 0!ll!&in( !pen stan"ar"s: •
Br!&ser-base" presentati!n usin( H+ML an" Casca"in( St2le Sheets CSS.1
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,ata is st!re" in XML 0!r/at an" 0etche" 0r!/ the server1
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Behin"-the-scenes "ata 0etches usin( XMLHttpRequest !bjects in the br!&ser1
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JavaScript t! /ae ever2thin( happen1
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5.# X$L HTT% RE&UEST OBJECT
+he XMLHttpRequest Object All /!"ern br!&sers supp!rt the XMLHttpRequest !bject1 +he XMLHttpRequest !bject is use" t! exchan(e "ata &ith a server behin" the scenes1 +his /eans that it is p!ssible t! up"ate parts !0 a &eb pa(e) &ith!ut rel!a"in( the &h!le pa(e1
Create an XMLHttpRequest Object All /!"ern br!&sers Chr!/e) %345) 6ire0!x) Sa0ari) an" Opera. have a built-in XMLHttpRequest !bject1 S2ntax 0!r creatin( an XMLHttpRequest !bject: variable 7 ne& ne& XMLHttpRequest.# XMLHttpRequest.# Ol" versi!ns !0 %nternet 3xpl!rer %38 an" %39. use an ActiveX Object: variable 7 ne& ne& ActiveXObject ActiveXObjectMicr!s!0t1XMLH++* Micr!s!0t1XMLH++*.# .# +! han"le all br!&sers) inclu"in( %38 an" %39) chec i0 the br!&ser supp!rts the XMLHttpRequest !bject1 %0 it "!es) create an XMLHttpRequest !bject) i0 n!t) create an ActiveXObject: E'a()e var xhttp# var xhttp# i0i0 &in"!&1XMLHttpRequest. &in"!&1XMLHttpRequest. ; xhttp 7 ne& ne& XMLHttpRequest.# XMLHttpRequest.#
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5.# X$L HTT% RE&UEST OBJECT
+he XMLHttpRequest Object All /!"ern br!&sers supp!rt the XMLHttpRequest !bject1 +he XMLHttpRequest !bject is use" t! exchan(e "ata &ith a server behin" the scenes1 +his /eans that it is p!ssible t! up"ate parts !0 a &eb pa(e) &ith!ut rel!a"in( the &h!le pa(e1
Create an XMLHttpRequest Object All /!"ern br!&sers Chr!/e) %345) 6ire0!x) Sa0ari) an" Opera. have a built-in XMLHttpRequest !bject1 S2ntax 0!r creatin( an XMLHttpRequest !bject: variable 7 ne& ne& XMLHttpRequest.# XMLHttpRequest.# Ol" versi!ns !0 %nternet 3xpl!rer %38 an" %39. use an ActiveX Object: variable 7 ne& ne& ActiveXObject ActiveXObjectMicr!s!0t1XMLH++* Micr!s!0t1XMLH++*.# .# +! han"le all br!&sers) inclu"in( %38 an" %39) chec i0 the br!&ser supp!rts the XMLHttpRequest !bject1 %0 it "!es) create an XMLHttpRequest !bject) i0 n!t) create an ActiveXObject: E'a()e var xhttp# var xhttp# i0i0 &in"!&1XMLHttpRequest. &in"!&1XMLHttpRequest. ; xhttp 7 ne& ne& XMLHttpRequest.# XMLHttpRequest.#
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< else else ; ; == c!"e 0!r %39) %38 xhttp 7 ne& ne& ActiveXObject ActiveXObjectMicr!s!0t1XMLH++* Micr!s!0t1XMLH++*.# .# < Sen" a Request +! a Server +! sen" a request t! a server) &e use the !pen. an" sen". /eth!"s !0 the XMLHttpRequest !bject: xhttp1!pen>3+ xhttp1!pen>3+)) xhttp1sen".#
Method open(method, open(method, url, async) async ) send() send(string send(string))
ajax?in0!1txt)) ajax?in0!1txt
Description Specifes the type o request method: method: the type o request: GET or POST url: url: the server (fe) oc!tion async: async: true (!synchronous) or !se (synchronous) Sends the request to the server (used or GET) Sends the request to the server (used or POST)
>3+ !r *OS+@ >3+ is si/pler an" 0aster than *OS+) an" can be use" in /!st cases1 H!&ever) al&a2s use *OS+ requests &hen: •
A cache" 0ile is n!t an !pti!n up"ate a 0ile !r "atabase !n the server.1
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Sen"in( a lar(e a/!unt !0 "ata t! the server *OS+ has n! sie li/itati!ns.1
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Sen"in( user input &hich can c!ntain unn!&n characters.) *OS+ is /!re r!bust an" secure than >3+1
>3+ Requests A si/ple >3+ request: E'a()e xhttp1!pen>3+ xhttp1!pen>3+)) "e/!?(et1asp "e/!?(et1asp)) true true.# .# xhttp1sen".#
%n the exa/ple ab!ve) 2!u /a2 (et a cache" result1 +! av!i" this) a"" a unique %, t! the RL: E'a()e xhttp1!pen>3+ xhttp1!pen>3+)) "e/!?(et1asp@t7 "e/!?(et1asp@t7 5 5 Math1ran"!/.) true true.# .# xhttp1sen".#
%0 2!u &ant t! sen" in0!r/ati!n &ith the >3+ /eth!") a"" the in0!r/ati!n t! the RL:
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true.# true .#
E'a()e xhttp1!pen>3+) "e/!?(et1asp@0na/e7Henr2Dlna/e76!r") true.# xhttp1sen".#
*OS+ Requests A si/ple *OS+ request: E'a()e xhttp1!pen*OS+) "e/!?p!st1asp) true.# xhttp1sen".#
+! *OS+ "ata lie an H+ML 0!r/) a"" an H++* hea"er &ith setRequestHea"er.1 Speci02 the "ata 2!u &ant t! sen" in the sen". /eth!": E'a()e xhttp1!pen*OS+) ajax?test1asp) true.# xhttp1setRequestHea"erC!ntent-t2pe) applicati!n=x-&&&-0!r/-urlenc!"e".# xhttp1sen"0na/e7Henr2Dlna/e76!r".#
Method
Description &dds $TTP he!ders to the request
set#equest$e!der(he!der % v!ue) he!der: specifes the he!der n!'e v!ue: specifes the he!der v!ue
+he url - A 6ile On a Server +he url para/eter !0 the !pen. /eth!") is an a""ress t! a 0ile !n a server: xhttp1!pen>3+) ajax?test1asp) true.# +he 0ile can be an2 in" !0 0ile) lie 1txt an" 1x/l) !r server scriptin( 0iles lie 1asp an" 1php &hich can per0!r/ acti!ns !n the server be0!re sen"in( the resp!nse bac.1
As2nchr!n!us - +rue !r 6alse@ AJAX stan"s 0!r As2nchr!n!us JavaScript an" XML) an" 0!r the XMLHttpRequest !bject t! behave as AJAX) the as2nc para/eter !0 the !pen. /eth!" has t! be set t! true: xhttp1!pen>3+) ajax?test1asp) true.# Sen"in( as2nchr!n!us requests is a hu(e i/pr!ve/ent 0!r &eb "evel!pers1 Man2 !0 the tass per0!r/e" !n the server are ver2 ti/e c!nsu/in(1 Be0!re AJAX) this !perati!n c!ul" cause the applicati!n t! han( !r st!p1 $ith AJAX) the JavaScript "!es n!t have t! &ait 0!r the server resp!nse) but can instea":
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execute !ther scripts &hile &aitin( 0!r server resp!nse
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"eal &ith the resp!nse &hen the resp!nse rea"2
As2nc7true $hen usin( as2nc7true) speci02 a 0uncti!n t! execute &hen the resp!nse is rea"2 in the !nrea"2statechan(e event: E'a()e xhttp1!nrea"2statechan(e 7 0uncti!n. ; i0 xhttp1rea"2State 77 E DD xhttp1status 77 FF. ; "!cu/ent1(et3le/entB2%""e/!.1innerH+ML 7 xhttp1resp!nse+ext# < <# xhttp1!pen>3+) ajax?in0!1txt) true.# xhttp1sen".#
G!u &ill learn /!re ab!ut !nrea"2statechan(e in a later chapter1
As2nc70alse +! use as2nc70alse) chan(e the thir" para/eter in the !pen. /eth!" t! 0alse: xhttp1!pen>3+) ajax?in0!1txt) 0alse.# sin( as2nc70alse is n!t rec!//en"e") but 0!r a 0e& s/all requests this can be !1 Re/e/ber that the JavaScript &ill O+ c!ntinue t! execute) until the server resp!nse is rea"21 %0 the server is bus2 !r sl!&) the applicati!n &ill han( !r st!p1 No!e: $hen 2!u use as2nc70alse) "! O+ &rite an !nrea"2statechan(e 0uncti!n - just put the c!"e a0ter the sen". state/ent: E'a()e xhttp1!pen>3+) ajax?in0!1txt) 0alse.# xhttp1sen".# "!cu/ent1(et3le/entB2%""e/!.1innerH+ML 7 xhttp1resp!nse+ext#
5.* CALL BAC+ $ETHODS
+he a,a'S-ess/ a))0a 2 /eth!" attaches a 0uncti!n t! be execute" &henever an AJAX request c!/pletes success0ull21 +his is an Ajax 3vent1 S3n!a'
Here is the si/ple s2ntax t! use this /eth!" I $(document)1ajaxSuccess callbac .
%a"a(e!e"s
Here is the "escripti!n !0 all the para/eters use" b2 this /eth!" I •
a))0a I +he 0uncti!n t! execute1 +he event !bject) XMLHttpRequest) an" settin(s use" 0!r that request are passe" as ar(u/ents t! the callbac1
E'a()e
Assu/in( &e have 0!ll!&in( H+ML c!ntent in result1ht/l 0ile I hK+H%S %S R3SL+111=hK 6!ll!&in( is a si/ple exa/ple a si/ple sh!&in( the usa(e !0 this /eth!"1 ht/l hea" title+he juer2 3xa/ple=title script t2pe 7 text=javascript src 7 http:==ajax1(!!(leapis1c!/=ajax=libs=jquer2=1K1N=jquer21/in1js=script script t2pe 7 text=javascript lan(ua(e 7 javascript "!cu/ent.1rea"20uncti!n. ; =P >l!bal variable P= var c!unt 7 F#
Q"river.1clic0uncti!nevent.; Qsta(eF.1l!a"result1ht/l.# <.# =P >ets calle" &hen request starts P= "!cu/ent.1ajaxStart0uncti!n.; c!unt55# Qsta(eK.1ht/lhKStarts) C!unt : 5 c!unt 5 =hK.# <.# =P >ets calle" &hen request is sent P= "!cu/ent.1ajaxSen"0uncti!nevt) req) set.; c!unt55# Qsta(e.1ht/lhKSen"s) C!unt : 5 c!unt 5 =hK.# Qsta(e.1appen"hKRL : 5 set1url 5 =hK.# <.# =P >ets calle" &hen request c!/pletes P= "!cu/ent.1ajaxC!/plete0uncti!nevent)request)settin(s.; c!unt55# Qsta(eN.1ht/lhKC!/pletes)C!unt: 5 c!unt 5 =hK.# <.# =P >ets calle" &hen request is st!ppe" P= "!cu/ent.1ajaxSt!p0uncti!nevent)request)settin(s.; c!unt55# Qsta(eE.1ht/lhKSt!ps) C!unt : 5 c!unt 5 =hK.#
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<.#
=P >ets calle" &hen all request c!/pletes success0ull2 P= "!cu/ent.1ajaxSuccess0uncti!nevent)request)settin(s.; c!unt55# Qsta(e8.1ht/lhKSuccess)C!unt : 5 c!unt 5 =hK.# <.#
<.# =script =hea" b!"2 pClic !n the butt!n t! l!a" result1ht/l 0ile:=p
"iv i" 7 sta(eF st2le 7 bac(r!un"-c!l!r:blue# S+A>3 - F ="iv
"iv i" 7 sta(eK st2le 7 bac(r!un"-c!l!r:blue# S+A>3 - K ="iv
"iv i" 7 sta(e st2le 7 bac(r!un"-c!l!r:blue# S+A>3 - ="iv
"iv i" 7 sta(eN st2le 7 bac(r!un"-c!l!r:blue# S+A>3 - N ="iv
"iv i" 7 sta(eE st2le 7 bac(r!un"-c!l!r:blue# S+A>3 - E ="iv
"iv i" 7 sta(e8 st2le 7 bac(r!un"-c!l!r:blue# S+A>3 - 8 ="iv input t2pe 7 butt!n i" 7 "river value7L!a" ,ata =
=b!"2 =ht/l AJAX is an acr!n2/ stan"in( 0!r As2nchr!n!us JavaScript an" XML an" this techn!l!(2 help us t! l!a" "ata 0r!/ the server &ith!ut a br!&ser pa(e re0resh1 %0 2!u are ne& &ith AJAX) % &!ul" rec!//en" 2!u (! thr!u(h !ur Ajax +ut!rial be0!re pr!cee"in( 0urther1 Juer2 is a (reat t!!l &hich pr!vi"es a rich set !0 AJAX /eth!"s t! "evel!p next (enerati!n &eb applicati!n1 L!a"in( si/ple "ata +his is ver2 eas2 t! l!a" an2 static !r "2na/ic "ata usin( Juer2 AJAX1 Juer2 pr!vi"es )oad/2 /eth!" t! "! the j!b I
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S3n!a' Here is the si/ple s2ntax 0!r )oad/2 /eth!" I 4se)e!o".l!a" RL) "ataT) callbacT .# Here is the "escripti!n !0 all the para/eters I •
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URL I +he RL !0 the server-si"e res!urce t! &hich the request is sent1 %t c!ul" be a C>%) AS*) JS*) !r *H* script &hich (enerates "ata "2na/icall2 !r !ut !0 a "atabase1 da!a I +his !pti!nal para/eter represents an !bject &h!se pr!perties are serialie" int! pr!perl2 enc!"e" para/eters t! be passe" t! the request1 %0 speci0ie") the request is /a"e usin( the %OST /eth!"1 %0 !/itte") the 6ET /eth!" is use"1 a))0a I A callbac 0uncti!n inv!e" a0ter the resp!nse "ata has been l!a"e" int! the ele/ents !0 the /atche" set1 +he 0irst para/eter passe" t! this 0uncti!n is the resp!nse text receive" 0r!/ the server an" sec!n" para/eter is the status c!"e1
E'a()e C!nsi"er the 0!ll!&in( H+ML 0ile &ith a s/all Juer2 c!"in( I
ht/l hea" title+he juer2 3xa/ple=title script t2pe 7 text=javascript src 7 http:==ajax1(!!(leapis1c!/=ajax=libs=jquer2=1K1N=jquer21/in1js=script
script t2pe 7 text=javascript lan(ua(e 7 javascript "!cu/ent.1rea"20uncti!n. ; Q"river.1clic0uncti!nevent.; Qsta(e.1l!a"=jquer2=result1ht/l.# <.# <.# =script =hea"
b!"2 pClic !n the butt!n t! l!a" =jquer2=result1ht/l 0ile I=p
"iv i" 7 sta(e st2le 7 bac(r!un"-c!l!r:ccF# S+A>3 ="iv input t2pe 7 butt!n i" 7 "river value 7 L!a" ,ata =
=b!"2 =ht/l Here )oad/2 initiates an Ajax request t! the speci0ie" RL 7,8-e"37"es-)!.!() 0ile1 A0ter l!a"in( this 0ile) all the c!ntent &!ul" be p!pulate" insi"e "iv ta((e" &ith %, stage1 Assu/in() !ur =jquer2=result1ht/l 0ile has just !ne H+ML line I hK+H%S %S R3SL+111=hK
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$hen 2!u clic the (iven butt!n) then result1ht/l 0ile (ets l!a"e"1 >ettin( JSO "ata +here &!ul" be a situati!n &hen server &!ul" return JSO strin( a(ainst 2!ur request1 Juer2 utilit2 0uncti!n e!JSON/2 parses the returne" JSO strin( an" /aes the resultin( strin( available t! the callbac 0uncti!n as 0irst para/eter t! tae 0urther acti!n1 S3n!a' Here is the si/ple s2ntax 0!r e!JSON/2 /eth!" I 4se)e!o".(etJSO RL) "ataT) callbacT .# Here is the "escripti!n !0 all the para/eters I •
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URL I +he RL !0 the server-si"e res!urce c!ntacte" via the >3+ /eth!"1 da!a I An !bject &h!se pr!perties serve as the na/e=value pairs use" t! c!nstruct a quer2 strin( t! be appen"e" t! the RL) !r a pre0!r/atte" an" enc!"e" quer2 strin(1 a))0a I A 0uncti!n inv!e" &hen the request c!/pletes1 +he "ata value resultin( 0r!/ "i(estin( the resp!nse b!"2 as a JSO strin( is passe" as the 0irst para/eter t! this callbac) an" the status as the sec!n"1
E'a()e C!nsi"er the 0!ll!&in( H+ML 0ile &ith a s/all Juer2 c!"in( I
ht/l hea" title+he juer2 3xa/ple=title script t2pe 7 text=javascript src 7 http:==ajax1(!!(leapis1c!/=ajax=libs=jquer2=1K1N=jquer21/in1js=script
script t2pe 7 text=javascript lan(ua(e 7 javascript "!cu/ent.1rea"20uncti!n. ; Q"river.1clic0uncti!nevent.; 1(etJSO=jquer2=result1js!n) 0uncti!nj". ; Qsta(e.1ht/lp a/e: 5 j"1na/e 5 =p.# Qsta(e.1appen"pA(e : 5 j"1a(e5 =p.# Qsta(e.1appen"p Sex: 5 j"1sex5 =p.# <.#
<.# <.# =script =hea" b!"2 pClic !n the butt!n t! l!a" result1js!n 0ile I=p
"iv i" 7 sta(e st2le 7 bac(r!un"-c!l!r:Qeee# S+A>3
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="iv input t2pe 7 butt!n i" 7 "river value 7 L!a" ,ata =
=b!"2 =ht/l Here Juer2 utilit2 /eth!" e!JSON/2 initiates an Ajax request t! the speci0ie" RL "es-)!.,son 0ile1 A0ter l!a"in( this 0ile) all the c!ntent &!ul" be passe" t! the callbac 0uncti!n &hich 0inall2 &!ul" be p!pulate" insi"e "iv ta((e" &ith %, stage1 Assu/in() !ur result1js!n 0ile has 0!ll!&in( js!n 0!r/atte" c!ntent I ; na/e: Uara Ali) a(e : 94) sex: 0e/ale < $hen 2!u clic the (iven butt!n) then result1js!n 0ile (ets l!a"e"1 *assin( "ata t! the Server Man2 ti/es 2!u c!llect input 0r!/ the user an" 2!u pass that input t! the server 0!r 0urther pr!cessin(1 Juer2 AJAX /a"e it eas2 en!u(h t! pass c!llecte" "ata t! the server usin( da!a para/eter !0 an2 available Ajax /eth!"1 E'a()e +his exa/ple "e/!nstrate h!& can pass user input t! a &eb server script &hich &!ul" sen" the sa/e result bac an" &e &!ul" print it I
ht/l hea" title+he juer2 3xa/ple=title script t2pe 7 text=javascript src 7 http:==ajax1(!!(leapis1c!/=ajax=libs=jquer2=1K1N=jquer21/in1js=script script t2pe 7 text=javascript lan(ua(e 7 javascript "!cu/ent.1rea"20uncti!n. ; Q"river.1clic0uncti!nevent.; var na/e 7 Qna/e.1val.# Qsta(e.1l!a"=jquer2=result1php) ;na/e:na/e< .# <.# <.# =script =hea" b!"2 p3nter 2!ur na/e an" clic !n the butt!n:=p input t2pe 7 input i" 7 na/e sie 7 EF =br =
"iv i" 7 sta(e st2le 7 bac(r!un"-c!l!r:ccF# S+A>3 ="iv input t2pe 7 butt!n i" 7 "river value 7 Sh!& Result =
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=b!"2 =ht/l Here is the c!"e &ritten in "es-)!. script I @php i0 ?R33S+na/eT .; na/e 7 ?R33S+na/eT# ech! $elc!/e 1 na/e# < @ !& 2!u can enter an2 text in the (iven input b!x an" then clic Sh!& Result butt!n t! see &hat 2!u have entere" in the input b!x1 Juer2 AJAX Meth!"s G!u have seen basic c!ncept !0 AJAX usin( Juer21 6!ll!&in( table lists "!&n all i/p!rtant Juer2 AJAX /eth!"s &hich 2!u can use base" 2!ur pr!(ra//in( nee" I
S/0 Methods Description / juer21ajax !pti!ns . 1 o!d ! re'ote p!3e usin3 !n $TTP request/ juer21ajaxSetup !pti!ns . 2 Setup 3o4! settin3s or &5&6 requests/ juer21(et url) "ataT) callbacT) t2peT . " o!d ! re'ote p!3e usin3 !n $TTP GET request/ juer21(etJSO url) "ataT) callbacT . o!d 5SO0 d!t! usin3 !n $TTP GET request/ juer21(etScript url) callbacT . o!ds !nd e7ecutes ! 5!v!Script fe usin3 !n $TTP GET request/ juer21p!st url) "ataT) callbacT) t2peT . * o!d ! re'ote p!3e usin3 !n $TTP POST request/ l!a" url) "ataT) callbacT . + o!d $TM ro' ! re'ote fe !nd in8ect it into the DOM/ serialie . , Seri!i9es ! set o input ee'ents into ! strin3 o d!t!/ serialieArra2 . - Seri!i9es ! or's !nd or' ee'ents ie the /seri!i9e() 'ethod 4ut returns ! 5SO0 d!t! structure or you to ;or ;ith/ Juer2 AJAX 3vents G!u can call vari!us Juer2 /eth!"s "urin( the li0e c2cle !0 AJAX call pr!(ress1 Base" !n "i00erent events=sta(es 0!ll!&in( /eth!"s are available I G!u can (! thr!u(h all the AJAX 3vents1 S11 Meth!"s D ,escripti!n ajaxC!/plete callbac . K Attach a 0uncti!n t! be execute" &henever an AJAX request c!/pletes1 ajaxStart callbac .
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Attach a 0uncti!n t! be execute" &henever an AJAX request be(ins an" there is n!ne alrea"2 active1 ajax3rr!r callbac . Attach a 0uncti!n t! be execute" &henever an AJAX request 0ails1 ajaxSen" callbac . Attach a 0uncti!n t! be execute" be0!re an AJAX request is sent1 ajaxSt!p callbac . Attach a 0uncti!n t! be execute" &henever all AJAX requests have en"e"1 ajaxSuccess callbac . Attach a 0uncti!n t! be execute" &henever an AJAX request c!/pletes success0ull21
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5.; WEB SERVICES: INTRODUCTION<
$eb services are !pen stan"ar" XML) SOA*) H++* etc1. base" $eb applicati!ns that interact &ith !ther &eb applicati!ns 0!r the purp!se !0 exchan(in( "ata1 $eb Services can c!nvert 2!ur existin( applicati!ns int! $eb-applicati!ns1 ,i00erent b!!s an" "i00erent !r(aniati!ns pr!vi"e "i00erent "e0initi!ns t! $eb Services1 S!/e !0 the/ are liste" here1 •
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•
•
A &eb service is an2 piece !0 s!0t&are that /aes itsel0 available !ver the internet an" uses a stan"ar"ie" XML /essa(in( s2ste/1 XML is use" t! enc!"e all c!//unicati!ns t! a &eb service1 6!r exa/ple) a client inv!es a &eb service b2 sen"in( an XML /essa(e) then &aits 0!r a c!rresp!n"in( XML resp!nse1 As all c!//unicati!n is in XML) &eb services are n!t tie" t! an2 !ne !peratin( s2ste/ !r pr!(ra//in( lan(ua(e--Java can tal &ith *erl# $in"!&s applicati!ns can tal &ith nix applicati!ns1 $eb services are sel0-c!ntaine") /!"ular) "istribute") "2na/ic applicati!ns that can be "escribe") publishe") l!cate") !r inv!e" !ver the net&!r t! create pr!"ucts) pr!cesses) an" suppl2 chains1 +hese applicati!ns can be l!cal) "istribute") !r &eb-base"1 $eb services are built !n t!p !0 !pen stan"ar"s such as +C*=%*) H++*) Java) H+ML) an" XML1 $eb services are XML-base" in0!r/ati!n exchan(e s2ste/s that use the %nternet 0!r "irect applicati!n-t!-applicati!n interacti!n1 +hese s2ste/s can inclu"e pr!(ra/s) !bjects) /essa(es) !r "!cu/ents1 A &eb service is a c!llecti!n !0 !pen pr!t!c!ls an" stan"ar"s use" 0!r exchan(in( "ata bet&een applicati!ns !r s2ste/s1 S!0t&are applicati!ns &ritten in vari!us pr!(ra//in( lan(ua(es an" runnin( !n vari!us plat0!r/s can use &eb services t! exchan(e "ata !ver c!/puter net&!rs lie the %nternet in a /anner si/ilar t! inter-pr!cess c!//unicati!n !n a sin(le c!/puter1 +his inter!perabilit2 e1(1) bet&een Java an" *2th!n) !r $in"!&s an" Linux applicati!ns. is "ue t! the use !0 !pen stan"ar"s1
+! su//arie) a c!/plete &eb service is) there0!re) an2 service that: •
%s available !ver the %nternet !r private intranet. net&!rs
•
ses a stan"ar"ie" XML /essa(in( s2ste/
•
%s n!t tie" t! an2 !ne !peratin( s2ste/ !r pr!(ra//in( lan(ua(e
•
%s sel0-"escribin( via a c!//!n XML (ra//ar
•
%s "isc!verable via a si/ple 0in" /echanis/
12
Co(onen!s o= We0 Se">ies
+he basic &eb services plat0!r/ is XML 5 H++*1 All the stan"ar" &eb services &!r usin( the 0!ll!&in( c!/p!nents •
SOA* Si/ple Object Access *r!t!c!l.
•
,,% niversal ,escripti!n) ,isc!ver2 an" %nte(rati!n.
•
$S,L $eb Services ,escripti!n Lan(ua(e.
All these c!/p!nents have been "iscusse" in the $eb Services Architecture chapter1 Ho? Does a We0 Se">ie Wo"@
A &eb service enables c!//unicati!n a/!n( vari!us applicati!ns b2 usin( !pen stan"ar"s such as H+ML) XML) $S,L) an" SOA*1 A &eb service taes the help !0: •
XML t! ta( the "ata
•
SOA* t! trans0er a /essa(e
•
$S,L t! "escribe the availabilit2 !0 service1
G!u can buil" a Java-base" &eb service !n S!laris that is accessible 0r!/ 2!ur Visual Basic pr!(ra/ that runs !n $in"!&s1 G!u can als! use CQ t! buil" ne& &eb services !n $in"!&s that can be inv!e" 0r!/ 2!ur &eb applicati!n that is base" !n JavaServer *a(es JS*. an" runs !n Linux1
E'a()e
C!nsi"er a si/ple acc!unt-/ana(e/ent an" !r"er pr!cessin( s2ste/1 +he acc!untin( pers!nnel use a client applicati!n built &ith Visual Basic !r JS* t! create ne& acc!unts an" enter ne& cust!/er !r"ers1 +he pr!cessin( l!(ic 0!r this s2ste/ is &ritten in Java an" resi"es !n a S!laris /achine) &hich als! interacts &ith a "atabase t! st!re in0!r/ati!n1 +he steps t! per0!r/ this !perati!n are as 0!ll!&s: •
+he client pr!(ra/ bun"les the acc!unt re(istrati!n in0!r/ati!n int! a SOA* /essa(e1
1"
•
+his SOA* /essa(e is sent t! the &eb service as the b!"2 !0 an H++* *OS+ request1
•
+he &eb service unpacs the SOA* request an" c!nverts it int! a c!//an" that the applicati!n can un"erstan"1
•
•
•
+he applicati!n pr!cesses the in0!r/ati!n as require" an" resp!n"s &ith a ne& unique acc!unt nu/ber 0!r that cust!/er1 ext) the &eb service paca(es the resp!nse int! an!ther SOA* /essa(e) &hich it sen"s bac t! the client pr!(ra/ in resp!nse t! its H++* request1 +he client pr!(ra/ unpacs the SOA* /essa(e t! !btain the results !0 the acc!unt re(istrati!n pr!cess1
T3es o= We0 Se">ies
+here are /ainl2 t&! t2pes !0 &eb services1 K1 SOA* &eb services1 1 R3S+0ul &eb services1
•
5.5 JAVA WEB SERVICES BASICS Ja>a ?e0 se">ies !-!o"ia) pr!vi"es c!ncepts an" exa/ples !0 t&! /ain java &eb services api: JAX-$S an" JAX-RS1 +he java &eb service applicati!n can be accesse" b2 !t her pr!(ra//in( lan(ua(es such as 1et an" *H*1
Java &eb service applicati!n per0!r/ c!//unicati!n thr!u(h $S,L $eb Services ,escripti!n Lan(ua(e.1 +here are t&! &a2s t! &rite java &eb service applicati!n c!"e: S OA* an" R3S+0ul1
Ja>a We0 Se">ies A%I
+here are t&! /ain A*%s "e0ine" b2 Java 0!r "evel!pin( &eb service applicati!ns since Java33 91 K. JAX
1
5. CREATIN6 %UBLISHIN6 TESTIN6 AND DESCRIBIN6 A WEB SERVICES /WSDL2
$S,L stan"s 0!r $eb Services ,escripti!n Lan(ua(e1 %t is the stan"ar" 0!r/at 0!r "escribin( a &eb service1 $S,L &as "evel!pe" j!intl2 b2 Micr!s!0t an" %BM1 6eatures !0 $S,L •
$S,L is an XML-base" pr!t!c!l 0!r in0!r/ati!n exchan(e in "ecentralie" an" "istribute" envir!n/ents1
•
$S,L "e0initi!ns "escribe h!& t! access a &eb service an" &hat !perati!ns it &ill per0!r/1
•
$S,L is a lan(ua(e 0!r "escribin( h!& t! inter0ace &ith XML-base" services1
•
•
$S,L is an inte(ral part !0 niversal ,escripti!n) ,isc!ver2) an" %nte(rati!n ,,%.) an XML-base" &!rl"&i"e business re(istr21 $S,L is the lan(ua(e that ,,% uses1
1
•
$S,L is pr!n!unce" as &i-"ull an" spelle" !ut as $-S-,-L1
$S,L sa(e $S,L is !0ten use" in c!/binati!n &ith SOA* an" XML Sche/a t! pr!vi"e &eb services !ver the %nternet1 A client pr!(ra/ c!nnectin( t! a &eb service can rea" the $S,L t! "eter/ine &hat 0uncti!ns are available !n the server1 An2 special "atat2pes use" are e/be""e" in the $S,L 0ile in the 0!r/ !0 XML Sche/a1 +he client can then use SOA* t! actuall2 call !ne !0 the 0uncti!ns liste" in the $S,L1 Hist!r2 !0 $S,L $S,L K1K &as sub/itte" as a $NC !te b2 Ariba) %BM) an" Micr!s!0t 0!r "escribin( services 0!r the $NC XML Activit2 !n XML *r!t!c!ls in March FFK1 $S,L K1K has n!t been en"!rse" b2 the $!rl" $i"e $eb C!ns!rtiu/ $NC.) h!&ever it has just release" a "ra0t 0!r versi!n 1F that &ill be a rec!//en"ati!n an !00icial stan"ar".) an" thus en"!rse" b2 the $NC1 $S,L breas "!&n &eb services int! three speci0ic) i"enti0iable ele/ents that can be c!/bine" !r reuse" !nce "e0ine"1 +he three /aj!r ele/ents !0 $S,L that can be "e0ine" separatel2 are: •
+2pes
•
Operati!ns
•
Bin"in(
A $S,L "!cu/ent has vari!us ele/ents) but the2 are c!ntaine" &ithin these three /ain ele/ents) &hich can be "evel!pe" as separate "!cu/ents an" then the2 can be c!/bine" !r reuse" t! 0!r/ c!/plete $S,L 0iles1 WSDL E)e(en!s
A $S,L "!cu/ent c!ntains the 0!ll!&in( ele/ents: •
•
•
•
•
•
De=ini!ion : %t is the r!!t ele/ent !0 all $S,L "!cu/ents1 %t "e0ines the na/e !0 the &eb service) "eclares /ultiple na/espaces use" thr!u(h!ut the re/ain"er !0 the "!cu/ent) an" c!ntains all the service ele/ents "escribe" here1 Da!a !3es : +he "ata t2pes t! be use" in the /essa(es are in the 0!r/ !0 XML sche/as1 $essae : %t is an abstract "e0initi!n !0 the "ata) in the 0!r/ !0 a /essa(e presente" either as an entire "!cu/ent !r as ar(u/ents t! be /appe" t! a /eth!" inv!cati!n1 Oe"a!ion : %t is the abstract "e0initi!n !0 the !perati!n 0!r a /essa(e) such as na/in( a /eth!") /essa(e queue) !r business pr!cess) that &ill accept an" pr!cess the /essa(e1 %o"! !3e : %t is an abstract set !0 !perati!ns /appe" t! !ne !r /!re en"-p!ints) "e0inin( the c!llecti!n !0 !perati!ns 0!r a bin"in(# the c!llecti!n !0 !perati!ns) as it is abstract) can be /appe" t! /ultiple transp!rts thr!u(h vari!us bin"in(s1 Bindin : %t is the c!ncrete pr!t!c!l an" "ata 0!r/ats 0!r the !perati!ns an" /essa(es "e0ine" 0!r a particular p!rt t2pe1
1*
•
•
%o"! : %t is a c!/binati!n !0 a bin"in( an" a net&!r a""ress) pr!vi"in( the tar(et a""ress !0 the service c!//unicati!n1 Se">ie : %t is a c!llecti!n !0 relate" en"-p!ints enc!/passin( the service "e0initi!ns in the 0ile# the services /ap the bin"in( t! the p!rt an" inclu"e an2 extensibilit2 "e0initi!ns1
%n a""iti!n t! these /aj!r ele/ents) the $S,L speci0icati!n als! "e0ines the 0!ll!&in( utilit2 ele/ents: •
•
Do-(en!a!ion: +his ele/ent is use" t! pr!vi"e hu/an-rea"able "!cu/entati!n an" can be inclu"e" insi"e an2 !ther $S,L ele/ent1 I(o"! : +his ele/ent is use" t! i/p!rt !ther $S,L "!cu/ents !r XML Sche/as1
NOTE: $S,L parts are usuall2 (enerate" aut!/aticall2 usin( &eb services-a&are t!!ls1 Te WSDL Do-(en! S!"-!-"e
+he /ain structure !0 a $S,L "!cu/ent l!!s lie this: "e0initi!ns t2pes "e0initi!n !0 t2pes11111111 =t2pes /essa(e "e0initi!n !0 a /essa(e1111 =/essa(e p!rt+2pe !perati!n "e0initi!n !0 a !perati!n1111111 =!perati!n =p!rt+2pe bin"in( "e0initi!n !0 a bin"in(1111 =bin"in( service "e0initi!n !0 a service1111 =service ="e0initi!ns A $S,L "!cu/ent can als! c!ntain !ther ele/ents) lie extensi!n ele/ents an" a service ele/ent that /aes it p!ssible t! (r!up t!(ether the "e0initi!ns !0 several &eb services in !ne sin(le $S,L "!cu/ent1 *r!cee" 0urther t! anal2e an exa/ple !0 $S,L ,!cu/ent1 WSDL < de=ini!ion E)e(en! he de=ini!ions ele/ent /ust be the r!!t ele/ent !0 all $S,L "!cu/ents1 %t "e0ines the na/e !0 the &eb service1
Here is the piece !0 c!"e 0r!/ the last chapter that uses the definitions ele/ent1
1+
"e0initi!ns na/e7Hell!Service tar(eta/espace7http:==&&&1exa/ples1c!/=&s"l=Hell!Service1&s"l x/lns7http:==sche/as1x/ls!ap1!r(=&s"l= x/lns:s!ap7http:==sche/as1x/ls!ap1!r(=&s"l=s!ap= x/lns:tns7http:==&&&1exa/ples1c!/=&s"l=Hell!Service1&s"l x/lns:xs"7http:==&&&1&N1!r(=FFK=XMLSche/a 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 ="e0initi!ns 6r!/ the ab!ve exa/ple) &e can c!nclu"e that "e0initi!ns: •
is a c!ntainer !0 all the !ther ele/ents1
•
speci0ies that this "!cu/ent is calle" HelloService1
•
•
•
speci0ies a targetNamespace attribute1 +he targetNamespace is a c!nventi!n !0 XML Sche/a that enables the $S,L "!cu/ent t! re0er t! itsel01 %n this exa/ple) &e have speci0ie" a targetNamespace !0 http:==&&&1exa/ples1c!/=&s"l=Hell!Service1&s"l speci0ies a "e0ault na/espace: x/lns7http:==sche/as1x/ls!ap1!r(=&s"l=1 All ele/ents &ith!ut a na/espace pre0ix) such as message !r portType) are there0!re assu/e" t! be a part !0 the "e0ault $S,L na/espace1 speci0ies nu/er!us na/espaces that are use" thr!u(h!ut the re/ain"er !0 the "!cu/ent1
5. CONSU$IN6 A WEB SERVICE C"ea!in and %-0)isin We0 Se">ie
1,
K1 Create a Java *r!ject WCalc$S1
1 Create a paca(e Wc!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc1
1-
N1 Create a Java class WCalculat!r an" t2pe the 0!ll!&in( c!"e1
FK F FN FE F8 F9 F4 FY FZ KF KK K KN KE E1
paca(e c!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc# i/p!rt javax1j&s1$ebService# [$ebService public class Calculat!r ; public int a""int a) int b. ; return a 5 b.# < public int subint a) int b. ; return a - b.# < <
[$ebService ann!tati!n at the be(innin( !0 the class "e0initi!n tells the Java interpreter that &e inten" t! publish ALL the /eth!"s !0 this class as a &eb service1 %0 &e &ant t! publish !nl2 particular /eth!"s then &e can use [$ebMeth!" ann!tati!n be0!re the /eth!" si(nature1
2.
81
%n !r"er t! publish !ur class an" its /eth!"s as &eb service &e nee" t! crate appr!priate stub 0iles !r arti0acts 0!r &eb service "epl!2/ent an" inv!cati!n1 6!rtunatel2 Java pr!vi"es a t!!l calle" W&s(en &hich (enerates JAX-$S p!rtable arti0acts use" in JAX-$S &eb services1
91
Open c!//an" pr!/pt !r ter/inal in Linux an" (! t! the pr!ject 0!l"er WCalc$S1
41 !& issue the 0!ll!&in( c!//an") &s(en -cp bin -" bin c!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1 calc1Calculat!r the 'cp !pti!n speci0ies the classpath 0!r !ur Calculat!r class &hich is in Wbin 0!l"er) the '" !pti!n speci0ies &here t! place (enerate" !utput 0iles &hich is als! the Wbin 0!l"er in !ur case1
Y1
$e can als! have a l!! at the s!urce !0 the (enerate" 0iles b2 usin( the 's !pti!n pr!vi"e" b2 W&s(en1 &s(en -s src -cp bin -" bin c!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc1Calculat!r
21
Z1 !& &e nee" t! publish !ur class as a &eb service en"p!int1 6!r that &e use the static publish. /eth!" !0 the javax1x/l1&s13n"p!int class t! publish !ur WCalculat!r class as a &eb service in the speci0ie" c!ntex t r!!t1
22
KF1 Create a paca(e Wc!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc1en"p!int1
KK1 Create a class WCalc3n"p!int*ublisher &ith /ain /eth!" an" t2pe the 0!ll!&in( c!"e1
2"
FK F FN FE F8 F9 F4 FY FZ KF KK K KN
paca(e c!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc1en"p!int# i/p!rt javax1x/l1&s13n"p!int# i/p!rt c!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc1Calculat!r# public class Calc3n"p!int*ublisher ;
public static v!i" /ainStrin(T ar(s. ; 3n"p!int1publishhttp:==l!calh!st:YFYF=Calc$S=Calculat!r) ne& Calculat!r..# <
<
K1 Run this class as WJava Applicati!n1 KN1 G!u /a2 n!t (et !utput in the C!ns!le1 +! chec &hether !ur class is publishe" as &eb service) !pen a br!&ser an" t2pe the RL /enti!ne" in the en"p!int &ith a para/eter @&s"l appen"e"1 http:==l!calh!st:YFYF=Calc$S=Calculat!r@&s"l KE1 $hen 2!u run the applicati!n) the Java S3 9 plat0!r/ has a s/all &eb applicati!n server that &ill publish the &eb service at the a""ress http:==l!calh!st:YFYF=Calc$S=Calculat!r &hile the JVM is runnin(1 K81 %0 2!u see a lar(e a/!unt !0 XML that "escribes the 0uncti!nalit2 behin" the &eb service) then the "epl!2/ent is success0ul1
C"ea!in and ons-(in a We0 Se">ie C)ien!
K1 Havin( publishe" the &eb service) &e n!& create a client &hich c!//unicates &ith the service an" "ispla2s the result1
2
1 Create a Java pr!ject WCalc$SClient1
N1
Just lie W&s(en) JAX-$S als! pr!vi"es a t!!l calle" W&si/p!rt 0!r (eneratin( the arti0acts require" 0!r creatin( an" c!nsu/in( a &eb service1 W&si/p!rt taes a &s"l 0ile as input1
E1
6r!/ the pr!ject 0!l"er in c!//an" pr!/pt !r ter/inal) issue the 0!ll!&in( c!//an") &si/p!rt -s src -" bin http:==l!calh!st:YFYF=Calc$S=Calculat!r@&s"l
2
81
+his &ill (enerate /an2 0iles as sh!&n in the bel!& 0ile hierarch2 tree1
91
Let us n!& create a Java class &ith /ain /eth!" t! run this client1 Create a paca(e Wc!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc1client
2*
41
%n that paca(e) create a class WCalcClient &ith /ain /eth!" an" t2pe the 0!ll!&in( c!"e1
FK F FN FE F8 F9 F4 FY FZ KF KK K KN KE K8 K9
paca(e c!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc1client# i/p!rt c!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc1Calculat!r# i/p!rt c!/1the!pentut!rials1&s1calc1Calculat!rService# public class CalcClient ; public static v!i" /ainStrin(T ar(s. ; int a 7 KF# int b 7 K# Calculat!rService calcService 7 ne& Calculat!rService.# Calculat!r calc 7 calcService1(etCalculat!r*!rt.# S2ste/1!ut1printlna 5 5 5 b 5 7 5 calc1a""a) b..# S2ste/1!ut1printlna 5 - 5 b 5 7 5 calc1suba) b..# < <
Y1 Run this class as Java Applicati!n1 Z1 G!u &ill (et the 0!ll!&in( !utput in the c!ns!le1 KF 5 K 7 KF ' K 7 - 5.F DATABASE DRIVEN WEB SERVICE GRO$ AN A%%LICATION
he user re(istrati!n=acc!unt re(istrati!n 0!r/ &ill be presente" t! the user1 Once user 0ills in the 0!r/ an" clics !n the O\ butt!n) the serversi"e JS* &ill call the &ebservice t! re(ister the user1 +his &ebservices &ill exp!se the insert user !perati!n &hich &ill be use" b2 the JS* client t! re(ister the user1 $e &ill use the
2+
etBeans 91K %,3 t! "evel!p an" test the applicati!n1 +he M2SL "atabase is use" t! save the user re(istrati!n "ata1 G!u can /!"i02 the c!"e t! use an2 "atabase !0 2!ur ch!ice1 +he existin( &ebservices can als! be /!"i0ie" t! use the Hibernate !r an2 !ther ORM techn!l!(ies1 G!u can als! use the 3ntit2 beans t! persist the "ata int! "atabase1 S!0t&are require" t! "evel!p an" run this exa/ple: •
J,\ K19
•
etBeans 91K
•
M2SL ,atabase 8 !r ab!ve
Le!s e! s!a"!ed ?i! !e de>e)o(en! o= !e a)ia!on $3S8) Da!a0ase Con=i-"a!ion In Ne!Beans Lets c!n0i(ure M2SL "atabase in teh etBeans %,3 an" then create the require" table int! "atabase1 S!e 1: •
Clic !n the service tab in etBeans as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( K1
Gi. S!e #: •
Ri(ht Clic !n the ,atabases
•
Select e& C!nnecti!n as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( 1
2,
1
Gi. #. S!e *: •
%t !pens a "ial!( b!x 0!r the /2sql c!n0i(urati!n1
•
+2pe the "river na/e) url ) user na/e an" pass&!r" as sh!&n bel!& in 6i(1 N1
Gi. * S!e ;: •
Clic !n the O butt!n 1
•
!& expan" the e&l2 create" "atabase c!nnecti!n1
•
%t sh!&s the all the tables !0 the "atabase test as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( E1
2-
Gi. ; S!e 5: •
•
Create a table na/e" l!(in1 Ri(ht Clic !n the +ables an" select Create table as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( 8
Gi. 5 S!e : •
%t !pens a "ial!( b!x 0!r (ivin( the 0iel"s na/e !0 the table
•
!& (ive the 0iel" na/e an" "ata t2pe as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( 91
".
Gi. S!e : •
Clic !n the O
•
%t creates the table l!(in in the test "atabase1
C"ea!in !e We0Se">ie "o"a( =o" Ao-n! "ea!ion
S!e F: •
Open the netbeans 91K
•
Creat a ne& &eb pr!ject as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( 41
Gi. S!e 9: •
+2pe the pr!ject a/e as M2Acc!unt
•
Clic !n the next butt!n as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( Y1
"1
Gi. F S!e 1: •
Select the server as >lass0ish
•
Clic !n the ext an" then 0inish butt!n as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( Z1
Gi. 9 S!e 11: •
%t creates a $eb *r!ject na/e" M2Acc!unt1
C"ea!in !e We0Se">ie S!e 1#: •
Ri(ht Clic !n the pr!ject M2Acc!unt
•
Select e&--$ebService as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( KF1
"2
Gi. 1 S!e 1*: •
+2pe the na/e !0 the $ebService as /2acc!unt &ith the paca(e as /2pac1
•
Clic !n the 6inish butt!n as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( KK1
Gi. 11 S!e 1;: •
%t creates a $ebService applicati!n in "esi(n vie&
•
Clic !n the A"" !perati!n as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( K1
""
Gi. 1# S!e 15: •
%n the "ial!( b!x t2pe all para/eter na/es1
•
Als! select the appr!priate "ata t2pe1
•
Clic !n O as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( KN1
Gi. 1* S!e 1: •
%t creates a $ebService applicati!n
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Clic !n the s!urce tab as sh!&n bel!& in the 6i( KE1
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Gi. 1; S!e 1: •
!& create the "atabase s!urce
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Ri(ht Clic in the s!urce c!"e !0 /2acc!unt1java
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Select the 3nterprise Res!urces--se ,atabase as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( K81
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Gi. 15 S!e 1F: •
%n the ch!!se "atabase select the A"" butt!n as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( K91
Gi. 1 S!e 19: •
%t !pens a A"" ,ata S!urce Re0erence1
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+2pe the Re0erence a/e as "ataK
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6!r *r!ject ,ata S!urces Clic !n the A"" butt!n as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( K41
Gi. 1 S!e #: •
•
%n the Crea ,ata S!urce t2pe th2e jn"i na/e as jn"iK %n the "atabase c!nnecti!n select the ne&l2 create" "atabase c!nncti!n 0!r the /2sql1 as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( KY1
"*
Gi. 1F S!e #1: •
Clic !n the O butt!n
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%t creates the "atabase c!nnecti!n (ives the "ial!( b!x as sh!&n bel!&1
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Clic !n the O butt!n as sh!&n bel!& in 6i( KZ1
Gi. 19
5.9 SOA%
SOA* is an !pen-stan"ar") XML-base" /essa(in( pr!t!c!l 0!r exchan(in( in0!r/ati!n a/!n( c!/puters1 +his is a brie0 tut!rial that intr!"uces the rea"ers t! the 0un"a/entals !0 SOA* be0!re /!vin( !n t! explain its vari!us ele/ents) enc!"in() an" h!& SOA* is transp!rte"1 SOA* is an acr!n2/ 0!r Si/ple Object Access *r!t!c!l1 %t is an XML-base" /essa(in( pr!t!c!l 0!r exchan(in( in0!r/ati!n a/!n( c!/puters1 SOA* is an applicati!n !0 the XML speci0icati!n1 %oin!s !o No!e
Bel!& /enti!ne" are s!/e i/p!rtant p!int &hich the user sh!ul" tae n!te !01 +hese p!ints brie0l2 "escribes the nature !0 SOA* I •
SOA* is a c!//unicati!n pr!t!c!l "esi(ne" t! c!//unicate via %nternet1
"+
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SOA* can exten" H++* 0!r XML /essa(in(1
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SOA* pr!vi"es "ata transp!rt 0!r $eb services1
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SOA* can exchan(e c!/plete "!cu/ents !r call a re/!te pr!ce"ure1
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SOA* can be use" 0!r br!a"castin( a /essa(e1
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SOA* is plat0!r/- an" lan(ua(e-in"epen"ent1
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SOA* is the XML &a2 !0 "e0inin( &hat in0!r/ati!n is sent an" h!&1
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SOA* enables client applicati!ns t! easil2 c!nnect t! re/!te services an" inv!e re/!te /eth!"s1
Alth!u(h SOA* can be use" in a variet2 !0 /essa(in( s2ste/s an" can be "elivere" via a variet2 !0 transp!rt pr!t!c!ls) the initial 0!cus !0 SOA* is re/!te pr!ce"ure calls transp!rte" via H++*1 Other 0ra/e&!rs inclu"in( CORBA) ,COM) an" Java RM% pr!vi"e si/ilar 0uncti!nalit2 t! SOA*) but SOA* /essa(es are &ritten entirel2 in XML an" are there0!re uniquel2 plat0!r/- an" lan(ua(e-in"epen"ent1 A SOA* /essa(e is an !r"inar2 XML "!cu/ent c!ntainin( the 0!ll!&in( ele/ents I •
•
En>e)oe ,e0ines the start an" the en" !0 the /essa(e1 %t is a /an"at!r2 ele/ent1 Heade" C!ntains an2 !pti!nal attributes !0 the /essa(e use" in pr!cessin( the /essa(e) either at an inter/e"iar2 p!int !r at the ulti/ate en"-p!int1 %t is an !pti!nal ele/ent1
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Bod3 C!ntains the XML "ata c!/prisin( the /essa(e bein( sent1 %t is a /an"at!r2 ele/ent1
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Ga-)! An !pti!nal 6ault ele/ent that pr!vi"es in0!r/ati!n ab!ut err!rs that !ccur &hile pr!cessin( the /essa(e1
All these ele/ents are "eclare" in the "e0ault na/espace 0!r the SOA* envel!pe I http:==&&&1&N1!r(=FFK=K=s!ap-envel!pe an" the "e0ault na/espace 0!r SOA* enc!"in( an" "ata t2pes is I http:==&&&1&N1!r(=FFK=K=s!ap-enc!"in( NOTE I All these speci0icati!ns are subject t! chan(e1 S! eep up"atin( 2!ursel0 &ith the latest speci0icati!ns available !n the $N &ebsite1
SOA* Messa(e Structure +he 0!ll!&in( bl!c "epicts the (eneral structure !0 a SOA* /essa(e I @x/l versi!n7K1F@ SOA*-3V:3nvel!pe x/lns:SOA*-3V7http:==&&&1&N1!r(=FFK=K=s!ap-envel!pe 3V:enc!"in(St2le7http:==&&&1&N1!r(=FFK=K=s!ap-enc!"in( SOA*-3V:Hea"er 111 111 =SOA*-3V:Hea"er
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SOA*-
