norma española
UNE-EN 10219-1
Julio 2007 TÍTULO
Perfiles huecos para construcción soldados, conformados en frío de acero no aleado y de grano fino Parte 1: Condiciones técnicas de suministro
Cold formed welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels. Part 1: Technical delivery conditions. Profils creux pour la construction soudés, formés à froid en aciers non alliés et à grains fins. Partie 1: Conditions techniques de livraison.
CORRESPONDENCIA
Esta norma es la versión oficial, en español, de la Norma Europea EN 10219-1:2006.
OBSERVACIONES
Esta norma anulará y sustituirá a la Norma UNE-EN 10219-1:1998 antes de 2008-02-01.
ANTECEDENTES
Esta norma ha sido elaborada por el comité técnico AEN/CTN 36 Siderurgia cuya Secretaría desempeña CALIDAD SIDERÚRGICA, S.R.L.
Editada e impresa por AENOR Depósito legal: M 31736:2007
LAS OBSERVACIONES A ESTE DOCUMENTO HAN DE DIRIGIRSE A:
© AENOR 2007 Reproducción prohibida
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NORMA EUROPEA EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 10219-1 Abril 2006
ICS 77.140.75
Sustituye a EN 10219-1:1997
Versión en español
Perfiles huecos para construcción soldados, conformados en frío de acero no aleado y de grano fino Parte 1: Condiciones técnicas de suministro Cold formed welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels. Part 1: Technical delivery conditions.
Profils creux pour la construction soudés, formés à froid en aciers non alliés et à grains fins. Partie 1: Conditions techniques de livraison.
Kaltgefertigte geschwei te Hohlprofile für den Stahlbau aus unlegierten Baustählen und aus Feinkornbaustählen. Teil 1: Technische Lieferbedingungen.
Esta norma europea ha sido aprobada por CEN el 2006-03-16. Los miembros de CEN están sometidos al Reglamento Interior de CEN/CENELEC que define las condiciones dentro de las cuales debe adoptarse, sin modificación, la norma europea como norma nacional. Las correspondientes listas actualizadas y las referencias bibliográficas relativas a estas normas nacionales pueden obtenerse en el Centro de Gestión de CEN, o a través de sus miembros. Esta norma europea existe en tres versiones oficiales (alemán, francés e inglés). Una versión en otra lengua realizada bajo la responsabilidad de un miembro de CEN en su idioma nacional, y notificada al Centro de Gestión, Gestión, tiene el mismo rango que aquéllas. Los miembros de CEN son los organismos nacionales de normalización de los países siguientes: Alemania, Austria, Bélgica, Chipre, Dinamarca, Eslovaquia, Eslovenia, España, Estonia, Finlandia, Francia, Grecia, Hungría, Irlanda, Islandia, Italia, Letonia, Lituania, Luxemburgo, Malta, Noruega, Países Bajos, Polonia, Portugal, Reino Unido, República Checa, Rumania, Suecia y Suiza.
CEN COMITÉ EUROPEO DE NORMALIZACIÓN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung
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EN 10219-1:2006
-4-
ÍNDICE
Página PRÓLOGO ............................................... ....................................................................................................... ........................................................ .................................
6
1
OBJETO Y CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN ....................................................... ...............
7
2
NORMAS PARA CONSULTA............................... CONSULTA....................................................................................... ........................................................
7
3
TÉRMINOS, DEFINICIONES Y SÍMBOLOS............................................................. SÍMBOLOS..................... ........................................
8
4 4.1 4.2
CLASIFICACIÓN Y DESIGNACIÓN....................................................... DESIGNACIÓN ....................................................... ................... Clasificación................................................................................................ Clasificación..................................... ........................................................... ...................... Designación.................................................... Designación .................................................... ............................................................ .......
9 9 9
5 5.1 5.2 5.3
INFORMACIÓN QUE DEBE FACILITAR EL COMPRADOR ............................... Información obligatoria......................................................... obligatoria ......................................................... .......................................... Opciones................................................................... Opciones... ................................................................ ....................................................... .. Ejemplo de un pedido ........................................................ ..............................................
10 10 10 11
6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11
REQUISITOS........................................................................................ REQUISITOS................................ ........................................................ ........................... Generalidades .............................................................. ..................................................... Proceso de fabricación del acero..................................................................................... acero................ ..................................................................... Estado del material de base.......................................................... base .......................................................... ................................... Procedimiento de fabricación de los perfiles huecos para la construcción ................. Condición de suministro ........................................................... ....................................... Composición química............................................................... química ............................................................... ........................................ Características mecánicas................................................................................... ............. Características tecnológicas ................................................... ............................................................................................ ......................................... Acabado superficial......................................... ................................................................. Ensayos no destructivos de las soldaduras.................................................................. soldaduras.............. .................................................... ... Tolerancias y masa...................................................................... masa.......... ............................................................ .....................................
11 11 11 11 11 12 12 13 14 14 15 15
7 7.1 7.2 7.3
INSPECCIÓN...................................................................... ............................................. Tipos de inspección .......................................................... ................................................ Tipos de documentos de inspección ........................................................... ..................... Resumen de la inspección .............................................................. ..................................
15 15 16 16
8 8.1 8.2
TOMA DE MUESTRAS................................................ .................................................. Frecuencia de los ensayos ................................................ ................................................................................................ ................................................ Preparación de muestras y probetas ..................................................... .........................
18 18 18
9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5
MÉTODOS DE ENSAYO ............................................................... ................................ Análisis químico ............................................................. .................................................. Ensayos mecánicos .................................................... ....................................................... Examen visual y control dimensional ....................................................................... ...... Ensayos no destructivos............................................... destructivos ................................................................................................... .................................................... Contraensayos, selección
19 19 20 20 21 21
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-5-
ANEXO A (Normativo)
EN 10219-1:2006
PERFILES HUECOS PARA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE ACERO DE CALIDAD NO ALEADOS. COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA Y CARACTERÍSTICAS MECÁNICAS .....................
22
PERFILES HUECOS PARA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE ACERO DE GRANO FINO. COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA Y CARACTERÍSTICAS MECÁNICAS .....................
24
ANEXO C (Normativo)
LOCALIZACIÓN DE MUESTRAS Y PROBETAS .....................
28
ANEXO D (Normativo)
EVALUACIÓN DE LA CONFORMIDAD ....................................
29
ANEXO ZA ZA (Informativo) CAPÍTULOS DE ESTA NORMA EUROPEA RELATIVOS A LOS REQUISITOS ESENCIALES DE LA DIRECTIVA DE PRODUCTOS DE CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA UE ........................................................
34
BIBLIOGRAFÍA....................................................................... ...................................................... ..
39
ANEXO B (Normativo)
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EN 10219-1:2006
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PRÓLOGO Esta Norma Europea EN 10219-1:2006 ha sido elaborada por el Comité Técnico ECISS/TC 10 Aceros estructurales. Tipos y grados, grados , cuya Secretaría desempeña NEN. Esta norma europea debe recibir el rango de norma nacional mediante la publicación de un texto idéntico a ella o mediante ratificación antes de finales de octubre de 2006, y todas las normas nacionales técnicamente divergentes deben anularse antes de finales de enero de 2008. Esta norma europea anula y sustituye a la Norma Europea EN 10219-1:1997. Esta norma europea ha sido elaborada bajo un Mandato dirigido a CEN por la Comisión Europea y por la Asociación Europea de Libre Cambio, y sirve de apoyo a los requisitos esenciales de las Directivas europeas. La relación con las Directivas UE se recoge en el anexo informativo ZA, que forma parte integrante de esta norma. Esta norma europea consta de las siguientes partes bajo el título general "Perfiles huecos para construcción soldados, conformados en frío de acero no aleado y de grano fino: −
Parte 1: Condiciones técnicas de suministro.
−
Parte 2: Tolerancias, dimensiones y propiedades de sección. sección.
Esta norma forma parte de una serie de normas sobre perfiles huecos junto con las Normas Europeas EN 10210-1 y 2, ambas en revisión. De acuerdo con el Reglamento Interior de CEN/CENELEC, están obligados a adoptar esta norma europea los organismos de normalización de los siguientes países: Alemania, Austria, Bélgica, Chipre, Dinamarca, Eslovaquia, Eslovenia, España, Estonia, Finlandia, Francia, Grecia, Hungría, Irlanda, Islandia, Italia, Letonia, Lituania, Luxemburgo, Malta, Noruega, Países Bajos, Polonia, Portugal, Reino Unido, República Checa, Rumania, Suecia y Suiza.
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-7-
EN 10219-1:2006
1 OBJETO Y CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN Esta parte de esta norma europea especifica las condiciones técnicas de suministro de los perfiles huecos para construcción soldados conformados en frío de sección circular, cuadrada o rectangular, y es aplicable a los perfiles huecos conformados en frío sin tratamiento térmico posterior. Los requisitos relativos a las tolerancias, dimensiones y propiedades de sección de los perfiles figuran en la Norma Europea EN 10219-2. NOTA En esta norma europea se especifica especifica una gama de clases (tipos y grados) de acero y el usuario debería debería seleccionar la clase más apropiada apropiada para su uso final y las condiciones de servicio. Las clases de acero y las características mecánicas de los perfiles huecos terminados son compati bles con aquellos aquellos contemplados en las Normas Normas Europeas EN 10025-2 10025-2 y EN 10025-3. 10025-3.
2 NORMAS PARA CONSULTA Las normas que a continuación se indican son indispensables para la aplicación de esta norma. Para las referencias con fecha, sólo se aplica la edición citada. Para las referencias sin fecha se aplica la última edición de la norma (incluyendo cualquier modificación de ésta). EN 287-1 Cualificación de soldadores. Soldeo por fusión. Parte 1: Aceros. EN 10002-1 Materiales 10002-1 Materiales metálicos. Ensayo de tracción. Parte 1: Método de ensayo a temperatura ambiente. EN 10020:2000 Definición 10020:2000 Definición y clasificación de los tipos de aceros. EN 10021:1993 Acero 10021:1993 Acero y productos siderúrgicos. Condiciones técnicas generales de suministro. EN 10027-1 Sistemas de designación de aceros. Parte 1: Designación simbólica. EN 10027-2 Sistemas de designación de aceros. Parte 2: Designación numérica. EN 10045-1 Materiales 10045-1 Materiales metálicos. Ensayo de flexión por choque sobre probeta Charpy. Parte 1: Método de ensayo. EN 10052:1993 Vocabulario de los tratamientos térmicos para los productos férreos. EN 10168 Productos 10168 Productos siderúrgicos. Documentos de inspección. Lista de información y descripción. EN 10204 Productos 10204 Productos metálicos. Tipos de documentos de inspección. EN 10219-2:2006 Perfiles 10219-2:2006 Perfiles huecos para construcción soldados, conformados en frío de acero no aleado y de grano fino. Parte 2: Tolerancias, dimensiones y propiedades de sección.
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EN 10219-1:2006
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EN 10256 Ensayos 10256 Ensayos no destructivos de tubos de acero. Cualificación y competencia del personal que realiza ensayos no destructivos de los niveles 1 y 2. CR 10261 Circular informativa ECISS 11. Hierro y acero. Revisión de los métodos disponibles de análisis químico. EN 10266:2003 Tubos de acero, accesorios y perfiles estructurales de sección hueca. Símbolos y definiciones de los términos utilizados en las normas de producto. EN ISO 377 Acero 377 Acero y productos pr oductos de acero. Localización y preparación de muestras y probetas para ensayos mecánicos. (ISO 377:1997). EN ISO 643 Acero. 643 Acero. Determinación micrográfica del tamaño de grano aparente. (ISO 643:2003). EN ISO 2566-1 Acero. Conversión de valores de alargamiento. Parte 1: Aceros al carbono y débilmente aleados. (ISO 2566-1:1984). EN ISO 9001:2000 Sistemas de gestión de la calidad. Requisitos. (ISO 9001:2000). EN ISO 14284 Aceros 14284 Aceros y fundiciones. Toma de muestras y preparación de las mismas para la determinación de la com posición química. (ISO 14284:1996). EN ISO 15607 Especificación 15607 Especificación y cualificación de los procedimientos de soldeo para los materiales metálicos. Reglas generales. (ISO 15607:2003). EN ISO 15609-1 Especificación 15609-1 Especificación y cualificación de los procedimientos de soldeo para los materiales metálicos. Especi ficación del procedimiento de soldeo. Parte 1: Soldeo por arco. (ISO 15609-1:2004). EN ISO 15614-1 Especificación 15614-1 Especificación y cualificación de los procedimientos de soldeo para los materiales metálicos. Ensayo de procedimiento de soldeo. Parte 1: Soldeo por arco y con gas de aceros y soldeo por arco de níquel y sus aleaciones. (ISO 15614-1:2004).
3 TÉRMINOS, DEFINICIONES Y SÍMBOLOS 3.1 Términos y definiciones En el contexto de esta norma europea se aplican los siguientes términos y de finiciones además, o cuando difieran, de los recogidos en las Normas Europeas EN 10020:2000, EN 10021:1993, EN 10052:1993 y EN 10266:2003.
3.1.1 conformado en frío:
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-9-
EN 10219-1:2006
3.2 Símbolos En el contexto de esta norma europea se aplican los símbolos definidos en la Norma Europea EN 10266:2003.
4 CLASIFICACIÓN Y DESIGNACIÓN 4.1 Clasificación 4.1.1 Entre los tipos de resistencia de los aceros no aleados que figuran en el anexo A se especifican cuatro grados, JR, J0, J2 y K2. Difieren unos de otros en los requisitos especificados de energía de rotura a la flexión por choque, en los contenidos límite de diversos elementos, con particular referencia al azufre y al fósforo, y en los requisitos relativos a inspección y ensayos. De acuerdo con el sistema de clasificación de la Norma Europea EN 10020, todas las clases (tipos y grados) de acero que aparecen en el anexo A son aceros de calidad no aleados.
4.1.2 Entre los tipos de resistencia de los aceros de grano fino que figuran en el anexo B se especifican cuatro grados, N, NL, M y ML. Difieren unos de otros en el contenido de carbono, azufre y fósforo, y en las características de energía de rotura a la flexión por choque a baja temperatura. De acuerdo con el sistema de clasificación de la Norma Europea EN 10020, las clases de acero S275NH, S275NLH, S355NH y S355NLH son aceros de calidad no aleados, y las clases de acero S460NH, S460NLH, de S275MH a S460MH y de S275MLH a S460MLH son aceros especiales aleados.
4.2 Designación 4.2.1 Para los productos cubiertos por esta norma europea, la designación simbólica de los aceros es conforme con lo indicado en la Norma EN 10027-1 y la designación numérica es conforme con la Norma E uropea EN 10027-2. 4.2.2 La designación de los perfiles huecos de acero no aleado se compone de: −
el número número de esta norma europea (EN 10219-1);
−
la letra mayúscula S indicativa de acero acero para la construcción; construcción;
−
la indicación del valor mínimo mínimo especificado del límite elástico aparente para espesores ≤ 16 mm, expresado en MPa 1);
−
las letras mayúsculas mayúsculas JR para los grados con características de energía de rotura a flexión por choque especificadas especificadas a temperatura ambiente, los caracteres J0 para los grados con características de energía de rotura a flexión por choque
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EN 10219-1:2006
- 10 -
−
la letra mayúscula S indicativa de acero acero para la construcción; construcción;
−
la indicación del valor mínimo especificado especificado del límite elástico aparente para espesores ≤ 16 mm, expresado en MPa;
−
la letra mayúscula N para indicar el estado estado de normalizado o laminado de normalización normalización del material de base, o la letra mayúscula M para indicar un material de base obtenido por laminado termomecánico (véase el apartado 6.3);
−
la letra mayúscula L para para los grados con características características de energía de rotura a flexión por choque especificadas especificadas a − 50 ºC;
−
la letra mayúscula H para indicar que se trata de perfiles huecos.
EJEMPLO Acero para la construcción (S) con un valor valor mínimo especificado del límite elástico aparente para un espesor espesor no superior a 16 mm de 355 MPa, acero de grano fino en estado normalizado (N), con un valor mínimo de energía de rotura a flexión por choque de 27 J a − 50 ºC (L), perfil hueco (H): EN 10219-S355NLH 10219-S355NLH
5 INFORMACIÓN QUE DEBE FACILITAR EL COMPRADOR 5.1 Información obligatoria El comprador, en el momento de solicitar la oferta y de hacer el pedido, debe facilitar la siguiente información: a) la cantidad cantidad (masa o longitud total); b) el tipo de longitud, rango de longitudes o longitud (véase (véase la Norma Europea EN 10219-2); c) detalles relativos a la forma forma del producto: CFCHS = perfil hueco de sección circular conformado en frío; CFRHS = perfil hueco de sección rectangular o cuadrada conformado en frío; d) la designación del acero (véase el apartado 4.2); e) las dimensiones (véase la Norma Norma Europea EN 10219-2).
5.2 Opciones
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- 11 -
EN 10219-1:2006
1.6 Inspección y ensayos ensayos específicos para las clases de aceros no aleados de grados JR y J0 (véase el apartado apartado 7.1.1). 1.7 Documentos de inspección diferentes del estándar (véase el apartado 7.2.2).
5.3 Ejemplo de un pedido 10 t de perfiles huecos cuadrados conformados en frío, de longitud variable de 8 m a 10 m, conformes con la Norma Europea EN 10219, fabricados con acero para la construcción no aleado S355NH, con dimensiones exteriores nominales de 100 mm × 100 mm y con un espesor de pared de 8 mm, suministrados con un análisis de producto (véase la opción 1.1) y aptos para la galvanización por inmersión en caliente (véase la opción 1.4). 10 t, longitud variable 8 m-10 m – CFRHS – EN 10219 – S355NH – 100 × 100 × 8 – Opciones 1.1, 1.4
6 REQUISITOS 6.1 Generalidades Los perfiles huecos para la construcción de acero no aleado deben ser conformes con los requisitos del anexo A. Los perfiles huecos para la construcción de acero acero de grano fino deben ser conformes con el anexo B. Además, se deben aplicar las condiciones técnicas de suministro generales especificadas en la Norma Europea EN 10021.
6.2 Proceso de fabricación del acero 6.2.1 El proceso de fabricación del acero debe quedar a discreción del fabricante del acero. 6.2.2 Para los aceros no aleados recogidos en el anexo A, el método de desoxidación debe ser el especificado en la ta bla A.1. 6.2.3 Para los aceros de grano fino recogidos en el anexo B, el método de desoxidación debe ser el especificado en la tabla B.1 o en la tabla B.2. 6.2.4 Los aceros de grano fino recogidos en el anexo B deben tener un tamaño de grano ferrítico igual o menor que 6 cuando se mida de acuerdo con la Norma Europea EN ISO 643 (véase el apartado 6.7.3). 6.3 Estado del material de base Conforme a la designación indicada en el pedido, los siguientes estados de suministro son aplicables a los materiales de base utilizados para la fabricación de los perfiles huecos conformados en frío:
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EN 10219-1:2006
- 12 -
6.4.2 Los perfiles huecos soldados eléctricamente se suministran normalmente con el cordón de soldadura interno sin desbastar. 6.4.3 Todos los ensayos no destructivos (END) deben ser realizados por personal cualificado y de nivel de competencia 1, 2 y/o 3, autorizados a operar por el contratista. La cualificación debe ser conforme a la Norma Europea EN 10256 o equivalente. Se recomienda que el personal cualificado de nivel 3 esté certificado en base a la Norma Europea EN 473 o equivalente. El contratista debe emitir una autorización operativa que sea conforme a un procedimiento escrito. El contratista debe designar a una persona cualificada de nivel 3 en END para autorizar las operaciones de END. NOTA La definición definición de niveles niveles 1, 2 y 3 puede puede encontrars encontrarsee en las las normas normas correspo correspondiente ndientes, s, por ejemplo ejemplo en las Normas Normas Europeas Europeas EN 473 y EN 10256. 10256.
6.5 Condición de suministro Los perfiles huecos deben ser suministrados conformados en frío sin tratamiento térmico posterior, excepto el cordón de soldadura, que puede suministrarse en el estado bruto de soldadura o tratado térmicamente. NOTA Para los perfiles huecos SAW de diámetro exterior superior a 508 mm, puede ser necesario efectuar una operación de conformado en caliente, que no afecte a las propiedades mecánicas, para satisfacer las exigencias de la tolerancia de ovalidad.
6.6 Composición química 6.6.1 Debe aplicarse el análisis de colada indicado por el fabricante de acero y debe ser conforme con los requisitos recogidos en la tabla A.1, tabla B.1 o tabla B.2. Para todas las clases de acero deben aplicarse los valores máximos de carbono equivalente (CEV), basados en los análi-
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- 13 -
EN 10219-1:2006
Tabla 1 Desviaciones admisibles entre el análisis de producto y los límites especificados para el análisis de colada en las tablas A.1, B.1 y B.2 Elemento
Contenido máximo admisible en el análisis de colada % en masa
Desviación admisible entre el análisis de producto y los límites especificados para el análisis de colada % en masa
≤ 0,20
+ 0,02
> 0,20
+ 0,03
≤ 0,60
+ 0,05
no aleado
≤ 1,60
+ 0,10
de grano fino
≤ 1,70
no aleado
≤ 0,040
+ 0,010
de grano fino
≤ 0,035
+ 0,005
no aleado
≤ 0,040
+ 0,010
de grano fino
≤ 0,030
+ 0,005
≤ 0,050
+ 0,010
V
≤ 0,20
+ 0,02
Ti
≤ 0,05
+ 0,01
Cr
≤ 0,30
+ 0,05
Ca Si Mn
P S Nb
− 0,05
+ 0,10
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EN 10219-1:2006
- 14 -
6.7.2 Para los ensayos de flexión por choque, deben emplearse probetas normalizadas con entalla en V conforme a la Norma Europea EN 10045-1. Si el espesor nominal del producto no es suficiente como para preparar probetas normalizadas, el ensayo debe efectuarse utilizando probetas de una anchura inferior a 10 mm, pero no inferior a 5 mm. Los valores medios mínimos dados en las tablas A.3, B.4 y B.5 deben reducirse proporcionalmente a la relación entre la anchura real de la probeta utilizada y la de la probeta pr obeta normalizada. No se requieren ensayos de flexión por choque para espesores nominales < 6 mm.
6.7.3 Para perfiles huecos de acero de grano fino cuyo espesor no permita obtener probetas para ensayos de flexión por choque de anchura ≥ 5 mm, el tamaño de grano ferrítico (véase el apartado 6.2.4) debe verificarse siguiendo el método descrito en la Norma Europea EN ISO 643. Cuando se utiliza aluminio como elemento afinador del grano, se considera que se satisface el requisito del tamaño de grano si el contenido de aluminio en el análisis de colada es mayor o igual a 0,020% del contenido total de aluminio, o bien si es mayor o igual a 0,015% del contenido de aluminio soluble. En estos casos, no se requiere la verificación del tamaño de grano.
6.7.4 Teniendo en cuenta las restricciones del apartado 6.7.2 a) se deben verificar los requisitos de energía energía de rotura a flexión por choque de los perfiles huecos para la construcción construcción de grados de acero J2, K2, M, N, ML y NL; b) no se verifican los requisitos de energía de rotura a flexión por choque de los perfiles huecos para la construcción de grados de acero JR y J0, salvo que el comprador especifique lo contrario en el momento de solicitar la oferta y de hacer el pedido. Opción 1.3 Para productos de grados JR y J0 suministrados con inspección y ensayos específicos específicos (véase la opción 1.6) se especifica la verificación de los requisitos de energía de rotura a flexión por choque.
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- 15 -
EN 10219-1:2006
El fabricante puede eliminar los defectos superficiales por esmerilado, siempre que el espesor del perfil hueco después de la reparación no sea inferior al espesor mínimo admisible conforme a la Nor ma Europea EN 10219-2.
6.9.2 Los extremos de los perfiles huecos se deben cortar perpendicularmente al eje longitudinal del producto. 6.9.3 Para perfiles huecos, tanto de acero no aleado como de grano fino, debe permitirse la reparación de la soldadura. 6.9.4 Para perfiles huecos de acero no aleado se debe permitir la reparación del cuerpo por soldadura, salvo que se es pecifique lo contrario. Las condiciones y el alcance de la reparación del cuerpo por soldadura deben acordarse entre el fabricante y el comprador. Opción 1.5 No debe realizarse la reparación del cuerpo cuerpo por soldadura. Para perfiles huecos de acero de grano fino, no debe permitirse la reparación del cuerpo por soldadura salvo que se acuerde lo contrario.
6.9.5 La reparación por soldadura debe ser efectuada por operarios cualificados conforme a la Norma Europea EN 287-1. Los procedimientos de reparación por soldadura deben ser conformes con lo especificado en las Normas Europeas EN ISO 15607, EN ISO 15609-1 y EN ISO 15614-1. 6.9.6 El perfil hueco reparado debe cumplir con todos los requisitos de esta norma europea. 6.10 Ensayos no destructivos de las soldaduras El cordón de soldadura de todos los perfiles huecos suministrados con condiciones de inspección y ensayo específicas debe someterse a un ensayo no destructivo conforme al apartado 9.4.
6.11 Tolerancias y masa
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EN 10219-1:2006
- 16 -
7.2 Tipos de documentos de inspección 7.2.1 Para los productos suministrados con inspección no específica, se debe remitir un informe de ensayo (2.2) conforme a la Norma Europea EN 10204. El informe de ensayo debe recoger los siguientes códigos e información pertinente conforme a la Norma Europea EN 10168: A – Transacciones comerciales y partes involucradas. B – Descripción de los productos a los que se aplica el informe de inspección. C – Información sobre los ensayos como se indica a continuación: C10-C13 – Ensayo de tracción; C71-C92 – Análisis de colada. Z – Validación.
7.2.2 Para productos suministrados con inspección específica, se debe remitir un certificado de inspección 3.1 conforme a la Norma Europea EN 10204, excepto si se especifica la opción 1.7. Opción 1.7 Debe suministrarse un certificado de inspección inspección 3.2 conforme a la Norma Norma Europea EN 10204. Donde se es pecifique en este documento, el comprador co mprador debe notificar al fabricante el domicilio de la organización o de la persona designada por él para realizar la inspección y validar el documento de control. Del mismo modo, acordarse quién debe emitir el certificado. El certificado de inspección debe contener los siguientes códigos e información pertinente conforme a la Norma Euro pea EN 10168:
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- 17 -
EN 10219-1:2006
Tabla 2 Programa de inspección para perfiles huecos de acero no aleado Requisitos de inspección Tipo de ensayo
Ensayos obligatorios
Programa de inspección Apartado(s) de referencia
Inspección no específica
Inspección específica
1
Análisis de colada
6.6 9.1
Un resultado por producto suministrado
Uno por colada
2
Ensayo de tracción
6.7 9.2
Un resultado por producto suministrado
Uno por unidad de inspeccióna, b
3
Ensayo de flexión por choque únicamente para grados J2 y K2
6.7 9.2
No aplicable
Una serie por unidad de inspeccióna, b
4
Acabado superficial y dimensiones
6.9 6.11 9.3
Véase el apartado 9.3
Véase el apartado 9.3
5
END de la soldadura
6.10 9.4
No aplicable
Todos los productos sobre toda la longitud
6
Análisis de producto
6.6
No aplicable
Uno por unidad de
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EN 10219-1:2006
- 18 -
8 TOMA DE MUESTRAS 8.1 Frecuencia de los ensayos 8.1.1 Para los productos suministrados con inspección no específica, véase la tabla 2. 8.1.2 Para los productos suministrados con inspección específica, la verificación de las características mecánicas y del análisis de producto, cuando proceda, debe efectuarse por unidad de inspección. Una unidad de inspección se define como una cantidad de perfiles huecos procedentes de una o varias coladas del mismo tipo de acero y de las mismas dimensiones, fabricados mediante el mismo proceso (es decir, soldadura eléctrica o soldadura por arco sumergido) y, si procede, en el mismo estado de tratamiento térmico, sometidos a aceptación al mismo tiempo. De cada unidad de inspección deben tomarse, de una misma muestra de producto, las siguientes muestras: −
una muestra para el ensayo ensayo de tracción; tracción;
−
una muestra suficiente suficiente como para obtener dos juegos de tres probetas probetas para el ensayo ensayo de flexión por choque;
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- 19 -
8.2.2.2
EN 10219-1:2006
Probetas para el ensayo de tracción
Deben aplicarse los requisitos correspondientes de la Norma Europea EN 10002-1. Las probetas pueden ser no proporcionales, pero en caso de litigio deben utilizarse probetas proporcionales con una longitud entre marcas Lo = 5,65 S o (véase el apartado 9.2.2). Para espesores inferiores a 3 mm, debe utilizarse una longitud entre marcas Lo = 80 mm siempre que sea posible obtener una probeta de 20 mm de anchura; en caso contrario debe utilizarse una longitud entre marcas de 50 mm con una probeta pr obeta de 12,5 mm de anchura.
8.2.2.3
Probetas para el ensayo de flexión por choque
Las probetas con entalla en V para el ensayo de flexión por choque se deben preparar y mecanizar conforme a la Norma Europea EN 10045-1. Además, deben aplicarse los siguientes requisitos: a) para espesores espesores nominales > 12 mm, las probetas normalizadas deben mecanizarse de manera que una cara no se encuentre a más de 2 mm de la superficie de laminación; b) para espesores nominales ≤ 12 mm, cuando se utilicen probetas de sección reducida, la anchura debe ser ≥ 5 mm.
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EN 10219-1:2006
- 20 -
9.2 Ensayos mecánicos 9.2.1 Temperatura de ensayo Los ensayos de tracción deben realizarse dentro del intervalo de temperaturas comprendido entre 10 ºC y 35 ºC. Los ensayos de flexión por choque deben realizarse a las temperaturas especificadas en la tabla A.3 para aceros no aleados y en la tabla B.4 o B.5 para aceros de grano fino.
9.2.2 Ensayo de tracción El ensayo de tracción debe realizarse conforme a la Norma Europea EN 10002-1. Se debe determinar el límite superior de fluencia ( ReH) para verificar los límites elásticos aparentes especificados en las ta blas A.3, A.3, B.4 y B.5. Si no se da el fenómeno de fluencia, se debe determinar el límite elástico convencional al 0,2% ( R p0,2) de alargamiento no-proporcional o el límite elástico convencional al 0,5% ( Rt0,5) de alargamiento total. En caso de litigio debe aplicarse el límite elástico convencional al 0,2% ( R p0,2). Si se utilizan probetas no proporcionales, el porcentaje de alargamiento obtenido después de la fractura ( A) debe con-
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- 21 -
EN 10219-1:2006
9.4 Ensayos no destructivos 9.4.1 Generalidades Cuando las soldaduras de los perfiles huecos para la construcción se vayan a someter a ensayos no destructivos, el método empleado debe ser conforme al apartado 9.4.2 o al 9.4.3. A elección del fabricante, los ensayos no destructivos pueden realizarse sobre la forma circular antes del conformado final o sobre los perfiles huecos de sección sección circular, cuadrada o rectangular después del conformado final.
9.4.2 Perfiles soldados eléctricamente El cordón de soldadura de los perfiles huecos soldados eléctricamente debe ensayarse conforme a una de las siguientes normas europeas. La norma a aplicar queda a elección del fabricante. a) Norma Europea EN 10246-3 para el nivel nivel de aceptación E4, con la particularidad de que no se debe permitir la técnica tubo rotatorio/bobina aplastada; b) Norma Europea EN 10246-5 para el nivel de aceptación F5; c) Norma Europea EN 10246-8 para el nivel de aceptación U5.
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EN 10219-1:2006
- 22 -
ANEXO A (Normativo) PERFILES HUECOS PARA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE ACERO DE CALIDAD NO ALEADOS. COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA Y CARACTERÍSTICAS MECÁNICAS
Tabla A.1 Composición Composición química. Análisis de colada para productos de espesor 40 mm
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- 23 -
EN 10219-1:2006
Tabla A.3 Características mecánicas de los perfiles hue cos de acero para la construcción de acero no aleado de espesores 40 mm Clase de acero Designación simbólica
Designación numérica
Límite elástico mínimo ReH
Resistencia a la tracción Rm
Alargamiento mínimo A d
Energía mínima de rotura en flexión por choque KV e
MPa
MPa
%
J
Espesor nominal
Espesor nominal
Espesor nominal
Temperatura de ensayo
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E N 1 0 2 1 9 1 : 2 0 0 6
ANEXO B (Normativo) PERFILES HUECOS PARA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE ACERO DE GRANO FINO. COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA Y CARACTERÍSTICAS MECÁNICAS
Tabla B.1 Composición Composición química. Análisis de colada para productos de espesor 40 mm, material de base en estado N a Clase de acero Designación simbólica
Designación numérica
S275NH
1.0493
S275NLH
1.0497
S355NH
1.0539
S355NLH
1.0549
Tipo de desoxidaciónb
GF
GF
Clasificaciónc
QS
QS
% en masa C
Si
máx.
máx.
0,20 0,20 0,18
0,40
0,50
Mn
0,50-1,40
0,90-1,65
P
S
Nb
V
Al totald
Ti
Cr
Ni
Mo
Cue
N
máx.
máx.
mín.
máx.
máx.
máx.
máx.
máx.
máx.
0,050
0,05
0,020
0,03
0,30 0,30
0,30 0,30
0,10
0,35
0,015
0,050
0,12
0,020
0,03
0,30 0,30
0,50 0,50
0,10
0,35
0,015
máx.
máx.
0,035
0,030
0,030
0,025
0,035
0,030
0,030
0,025 -
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Tabla B.2 Composición química. Análisis de colada para productos de espesor 40 mm, material de base en estado M a Clase de acero Designación simbólica
Designación numérica
S275MH
1.8843
S275MLH
1.8844
S355MH
1.8845
S355MLH
1.8846
S420MH
1.8847
S420MLH
1.8848
S460MH
1.8849
S460MLH
1.8850
Tipo de desoxidaciónb
Clasificaciónc
% en masa C
Si
Mn
P
S
Nb
V
Al totald
Ti
Ni
Moe
N
máx.
máx.
máx.
máx.
máx.
máx.
máx.
mín.
máx.
máx.
máx.
máx.
GF
SS
0,13
0,50
1,50
GF
SS
0,14
0,50
1,50
GF
SS
0,16
0,50
1,70
GF
SS
0,16
0,60
1,70
a
Véase el apartado 6.3.
b
La designación designación del tipo de desoxidación desoxidación es la siguiente:
0,035
0,030
0,030
0,025
0,035
0,030
0,030
0,025
0,035
0,030
0,030
0,025
0,035
0,030
0,030
0,025
0,050
0,08
0,020
0,050
0,30
0,20
0,020
0,050
0,10
0,020
0,050
0,30
0,20
0,020
0,050
0,12
0,020
0,050
0,30
0,20
0,020
0,050
0,12
0,020
0,050
0,30
0,20
0,025
-
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EN 10219-1:2006
- 26 -
Tabla B.3 Valor máximo de carbono equivalente CEV basado en el análisis de cola da Clase de acero Designación simbólica Designación numérica S275NH S275NLH
1.0493 1.0497
Valor máximo del CEV para espesores nominales 40 mm % 0,40
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EN 10219-1:2006
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EN 10219-1:2006
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