`ifcàtfg`s. I`s cudgfedbs sed ofvbrs`s. Bdtrb bii`s obst`g` i` preouggf÷d ob sust`dgf`s qub rbkui`d i` ge`kui`gf÷d ob i` s`dkrb y gfbrrb ob i`s jbrfo`s8 i` `p`rfgf÷d ob i` cfblrb geae obcbds` ob i`s fdcbggfedbs8 i` rbouggf÷d ob i` sbgrbgf÷d ob mukes kàstrfges. Cudgfed`d geae jeraed`s ieg`ibs.
0.? FA^E\_@DGF@ Ies iápfoes sed ud krupe jbtbrekædbe ob geapubstes bap`rbdt`oes rb`i e petbdgf`iabdtb, ged ies àgfoes kr`ses. _fbdbd i` prepfbo`o geaýd ob sbr= rbi`tfv`abdtb fdseiulibs bd `ku`.seiulibs bd seivbdtbs de pei`rbs geae bi ætbr, gierecerae y bi lbdgbde. @sá, ies iápfoes fdgiuybd kr`s`s, `gbftbs, gbr`s y geapubstes rbi`gfed`oes. Ies iápfoes sed gedstftuybdtbs fapert`dtbs bd i` `ifabdt`gf÷d de s÷ie per su bibv`oe v`ier bdbrkætfge, sfde t`alfæd per i`s vft`afd`s ifpeseiulibs y ies àgfoes kr`ses bsbdgf`ibs gedtbdfoes bd i` kr`s` ob ies `ifabdtes d`tur`ibs. Bd bi gubrpe, i`s kr`s`s sfrvbd geae ud` cubdtb bcfgfbdtb ob bdbrká` ofrbgt`, y petbdgf`iabdtb, gu`doe bstàd `ia`gbd`o`s bd bi tbmfoe `ofpese. Bi gedtbdfoe ob iápfoes bd bi tbmfoe dbrvfese bs p`rtfgui`rabdtb `ite. Ies iápfoes y pretbád`s gealfd`oes (ifpepretbád`s) sed gedstftuybdtbs gbiui`rbs fapert`dtbs qub sb bdgubdtr`d bd i` abalr`d` gbiui`r y bd i`s aftegedorf`s y sfrvbd t`alfæd geae abofes p`r` tr`dspert`r iápfoes bd i` s`dkrb.
0.2 µPRÆ _F^EW OB K\@@W@ FD_B\SFBDBD BD I@ @IFABD_@GF×D5 \bgerobaes, i`s kr`s`s sed iápfoes s`pedfcfg`libs sfapibs, s÷ifoes ` tbapbr`tur` `alfbdtb e iáqufoes bd guye g`se sb ii`a`d `gbftbs. ^ubob sbr=
Kr`s`s s`tur`o`s= Wed `qubii`s kr`s`s
qub bstàd cera`o`s per àgfoes kr`ses s`tur`oes (tfbdbd teoes ies bdi`gbs geapibtes per J). @p`rbgbd per bmbapie bd bi tegfde, bd bi sble, btgætbr`. Bstb tfpe ob kr`s`s bs s÷if-
oe ` tbapbr`tur` `alfbdtb. Wed i`s kr`s`s aàs pbrmuofgf`ibs p`r` bi erk`dfsae. Kr`s`s fds`tur`o`s= Wed kr`s`s cera`o`s per àgfoes kr`ses fds`tur`oes (tfbdbd ude e aàs bdi`gbs sfd geapibt`r ged J) geae bi eibfge e bi p`iaátfge. Wed iáqufo`s ` tbapbr`tur` `alfbdtb y geaýdabdtb sb ibs gedegb geae `gbftbs. ^ubobd sbr per bmbapie bi `gbftb ob eifv` e bi ob kfr`sei. Wed i`s aàs lbdbcfgfes`s p`r` bi gubrpe jua`de.
0.3 GEDGIRWF×D Bxfstb ud` rbki` bd i` ofbt` p`r` bi gedsuae ob i`s kr`s`s= ’I`s ob erfkbd vbkbt`i sed aàs lbdbcfgfes`s qub i`s ob erfkbd `dfa`i, y i`s peiffds`tur`o`s sed aàs lbdbcfgfes`s qub i`s s`tur`o`s‑. J`y ud`s kr`s`s lbdbcfgfes`s p`r` bi erk`dfsae perqub ofsafduybd bi dfvbi obi ii`a`oe ’geibstbrei a`ie‑. Bi geibstbrei bs ud iápfoe prbsbdtb bd bi pi`sa` s`dkuádbe y bd ies tbmfoes ob ies vbrtblr`oes, su bxgbse sb `segf` ged bdcbrabo`obs g`rofev`sgui`rbs.
FD_BK\@D_BW= FD_BK\@D_BW =
À\B@= À\B@= GFBDGF@, _BGDEIEKÁ@ V @ALFBD_B OEGBD_B= OEGBD_B=
I@\GV ^@\F@JR@GJB GJ@D_@
FB D¾ >>:>? - S@IIB I@ GEDPRFW_@ GEDPRFW_@
DFSBI WBGRDO@\FE
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per kr`ae.
Cudgf÷d bstrugtur`i= Ies iápfoes cera`d
i`s lfg`p`s ifpáofg`s ob i`s abalr`d`s gbiui`rbs. @obaàs rbgulrbd y prepergfed`d gedsfstbdgf` ` ies ÷rk`des y pretbkbd abgàdfg`abdtb bstrugtur`s e sed `fsi`dtbs tærafges geae bi tbmfoe `ofpese.
0.0.- µPRÆ WED IEW IÁ^FOEW5 Wb ii`a` iápfoes ` ud gedmudte ob aeiægui`s erkàdfg`s, i` a`yerá` lfeaeiægui`s, geapubst`s prfdgfp`iabdtb per g`rlede b jfor÷kbde y bd abder abofo` exákbde, `udqub t`alfæd pubobd gedtbdbr c÷scere, `zucrb y dftr÷kbde.
0.< G@\@G_B\FW_FG@W KBDB\@IBW
tfbdbd geae g`r`gtbrástfg` prfdgfp`i sbr fdseiulibs bd `ku` y s á bd ofseivbdtbs erkàdfges geae bi lbdgbde Ies iápfoes sed lfeaeiægui`s auy ofvbrs`s8 udes bstàd cera`oes per g`obd`s `ifcàtfg`s s`tur`o`s e fds`tur`o`s, bd kbdbr`i ifdb`ibs, pbre `ikudes tfbdbd `dfiies (`reaàtfges (`reaàtfges)). I` a`yerá` ob ies iápfoes tfbdb `ikýd tfpe ob g`ràgtbr de pei`r, bs obgfr, pesbbd ud` kr`d p`rtb `pei`r `pei`r e e jforec÷lfge ("qub ib tbab `i `ku`"
Cudgf÷d g`t`ifz`oer`, jeraed`i e ob abds`mbres quáafges= Ies iápfoes c`gfift`d obtbrafd`o`s rb`ggfedbs quáafg`s y ies bstbrefobs guapibd cudgfedbs jeraed`ibs.
0.7 GI@WFCFG@GF×D
Ies iápfoes sb gi`sfcfg`d bd oes krupes krupes,, `tbdofbdoe ` qub pesb`d bd su geapesfgf÷d àgfoes kr`ses (Iápfoes s`pedfcfg`libs) e de ie pesb`d ( Iápfoes fds`pedfcfg`libs ).
0. ÀGFOEW K\@WEW -
Ies àgfoes kr`ses sed aeiægui`s cera`o`s per ud` i`rk` g`obd` jforeg`rled`o` ob tfpe ifdb`i, y ged ud dýabre p`r ob àteaes ob g`rlede. Wb gedegbd udes ;> àgfoes kr`ses qub sb pubobd gi`sfcfg`r bd oes krupes = Ies àgfoes kr`ses s`tur`oes s÷ie tfbdbd bdi`gbs sfapibs bdtrb ies àteaes ob g`rlede. Ies àgfoes kr`ses fds`tur`oes tfbdbd ude e v`rfes bdi`gbs oelibs bd su g`obd` y sus aeiægui`s prbsbdt`d geoes. ^repfbo`obs ob ies àgfoes kr`ses
ob ud`,oes e trbs aeiægui`s ob àgfoes kr`ses ged ud` aeiægui` ob kifgbrfd`. _`alfæd rbgflbd bi dealrb ob kifgærfoes e kr`s`s sfapibs ^`r` vbr bi kràcfge sbibggfedb i` epgf÷d "Obsg`rk`r" obi abdý supbrfer tfpes ob bstes iápfoes= ies aedekifgærfoes, qub gedtfbdbd ud` aeiægui` ob àgfoe kr`se ies ofkifgærfoes, ged oes aeiægui`s ob àgfoes kr`ses ies trfkifgærfoes, ged trbs aeiægui`s ob àgfoes kr`ses.
Gbrfoes
I`s gbr`s sed æstbrbs ob àgfoes kr`ses ob g`obd` i`rk`, ged `igejeibs t`alfæd ob g`obd` i`rk`. Bd kbdbr`i sed s÷ifo`s y tet`iabdtb fdseiulibs bd `ku`. @sá i`s piua`s, bi pbie , i` pfbi pfbi,,i`s jem`s, crutes, bstàd gulfbrt`s ob ud` g`p` gærb` pretbgter`. Rd` ob i`s gbr`s aàs gedegfo`s bs i` qub sbkrbk`d i`s `lbm`s p`r` gedcbggfed`r su p`d`i.
<.‗ ÀGFOEW DE K\@WEW _brpbdes Wed aeiægui`s ifdb`ibs e gágifg`s qub guapibd cudgfedbs auy v`rf`o`s, bdtrb ies qub sb pubobd gft`r= Bsbdgf`s vbkbt`ibs geae bi abdtei, bi kbr`dfei, Btg Sft`afd`s, geae i` vft.@, vft. B, vft.H.
