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Transmission Transmission Line Design 80mw 100km
1. Most Economical Voltage calculation
The most eonomia! "o!tage is gi"en #$ the %o!!owing %o!!owing em&iria! %orm'!a( P * 1000
Lt
1.6
+
cos φ * Nc * 150
Eonomia! )o!tage )o!tage *) eo+,-.-/ here Lt, Length o% transmission !ine, 100km P, Power to #e transmitte2,80mw os3, Power %ator,0.48 N, No. o% ir'it,1 Then 'sing the a#o"e %orm'!a we get
Veo
= 135.47kv
Nearest 5tan2ar2 )o!tage , 167 k" Taking Taking 167 k" as a re'ire2 "o!tage as it is more near to the o#taine2 o#taine2 eonomia! "o!tage 5o stan2ar2 "o!tage !e"e! o% transmission !ine , 167 k" 1.7 Cheking Tehnia! Criterion( 5'rge im&e2ane !oa2ing *59L+,):; mw 5'rge im&e2ane o% o"erhea2 !ine*
P!imit,m%/59L M'!ti&!$ing @ator*m%+,7.>75o P!imit, 7.>7-/=6.->,11=.6= mw 5ine P!imit P Hene the tehnia! riterion is satisBe2 so we se!et the "o!tage !e"e! o% 167 k"
)o!tage Le"e! %or gi"en Power
167 k"
Transmission Transmission N'm#er o% Ckt
7
Power @ator*os3+
0. 4 8
Length O% Tansmission Line
100 km
2. Calculation Of Insulation Discs @or a!! the a!'!ations o% n'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss we onsi2ere2 the %o!!owing "a!'e o% 2ierent %ator( @O, @!asho"er ithstan2 atio,1.NAC@,Non Atmos&heri Con2ition @ator,1.1 @5,@ator O% 5a%et$,1.7 Maim'm 5$stem )o!tage %or 167 k", 1=- k" *10F a#o"e the s$stem "o!tage+ 5withing to 9m&'!se atio*59+,1.15withing 5'rge atio*55+,7.8 7.1 N'm#er o% ins'!ator re'ire2 re'ire2 %or tem&orar$ o"er"o!tage Tem&orar$ Tem&orar$ o;"*)+,G7/k/)LL I "aires %rom 1 to 0.> a"g,0.8 E'i"a!ent Jasho"er "o!tage, Tem&orar$ o;"*)+ / @O/ NAC@/@5 ,G7/0.8/1=-/1.1-/1.1/1.7 ,7=4.07 k" @rom stan2ar2 ta#!e n'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss re'ire2 to withstan2 a#o"e e'i"a!ent "o!tage is 7 7.7 N'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss re'ire2 to withstan2 ontin'o's o&erating "o!tage( a.E'i"a!ent 2r$ 1 min Jasho"er "o!tage,E'i"a!ent 2r$ 1 min "o!tage/@O/NAC@/5@ ,7>-*%rom ta#!e+/1.1-/1.1/1.7 ,=07.7K k" @rom stan2ar2 ta#!e n'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss re'ire2 to withstan2 a#o"e e'i"a!ent "o!tage is K
#. E'i"a!ent wet 1 min Jasho"er "o!tage,E'i"a!ent wet 1 min "o!tage/@O/NAC@/5@ ,760*%rom ta#!e+/1.1-/1.1/1.7 ,6=4.1= k" k" @rom stan2ar2 ta#!e n'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss re'ire2 to withstan2 a#o"e e'i"a!ent "o!tage is 4 7.6 N'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss re'ire2 %or swithing o"er"o!tage( 5; o"er"o!tage,*G7;G6+/ma. 5$stem O;) /55/59 5withing im&'!se %o",swithing o;"/swithing to im&'s!e ratio*59+/@O/NAC@/@5 ,*G7;G6+/1=-/1.1-/7.8/1.1-/1.1/1.7 ,-K8.>4 k" @rom stan2ar2 ta#!e n'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss re'ire2 to withstan2 a#o"e e'i"a!ent "o!tage is > 7.= N'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss re'ire2 re'ire2 %or the !ightning O;)( E'i"a!ent 9m&'s!e %o",e'i"a!ent !ightning o;"/@O/NAC@/@5 ,--0/1.1-/1.1/1.7 ,86=.4 k" @rom stan2ar2 ta#!e n'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss re'ire2 to withstan2 a#o"e e'i"a!ent "o!tage is 4 !"
Voltage level Desc#i$tion
Voltage %evel &kv'
"um(e# Of Discs
1.
Tem&o em&ora rar$ r$ o;" o;" a&& a&&ea eari ring ng a aross the the ins'!ator Contin'o's )o )o!tage a. Cont Contin' in'o' o'ss o;" o;" in DY DY on2ition #. Cont Contin' in'o' o'ss o;" o;" in ET ET on2ition
7=4.07
7
=07.7K 86=.7K
K 4
-K8.>4 86=.4
> 4
7.
6. =.
5withing o;" O;) 2'e to !ightning
Ta#!e Ta#!e 1(
Hene %rom the a#o"e ta#!e the re'ire2 re'ire2 n'm#er o% ins'!ator 2iss to withstan2 a!! t$&es o% "o!tage !e"e! in a!! on2ition %or gi"en s$stem is 4
)e*ui#e+ num(e# of insulato# +iscs = ,
3. -i# Clea#ance Calculation a, minim'm 2istane *!earane re'irement+ re'irement+ %rom a !ine !ine on2'tor to an$ earthe2 o#et an2 is gi"en #$ the %o!!owing re!ation( a,
maim'm s$stem "o!tage7/G7 m G6 ,*1=-/G7+;G6 7,1=6.64m ,1.=6m
C!earane*! +,7a,78>.K8m ,7.8>m # ,1.-a,71-.K8m,7.1-m 2 , *1.-a;7 !+;tan60 ,>87.48m,>.87m L , aG7 ,707.K8m,7.07m Y , *La+;G*1*La+: /*;$+:+ , 6K8.17m,6.K8m %rom 1;6 to 1;= Y;7 , 184.17m,1.84m C ,#7!,K84.6=m,K.84m
the ratio o% ;$ ranges
Ta#!e Ta#!e 7( Air !earane %orm the earthe2 o#et*a+ Tower Tower i2th*#+ i2th*#+ )ertia! 2istane #etween two a2aent on2'tor*$+ Horionta! 2istane #etween two a2aent on2'tor*+ Height o% the earth wire %rom the to& ross arm*2+
1.=6m 7.1-m 6.K8m K.84m >.87m
4. Con+ucto# an+ toe# selection Line 'rrent is a!'!ate2 as 9,P;*G6/)!!/os3/N+ ,80000000;*G6/167000/0.48/1+ ,6-K.0- Am& Comå this "a!'e o% 'rrent with the 'rrent arr$ing a&ait$ %rom the gi"en stan2ar2 A5C on2'tor ta#!e on2'tor LEOPAD is o% right hoie. @'rther @'rther we ha"e to Bn2 the eien$ o% !ine an2 it sho'!2 #e 4=F
Eien$,Po't;Pin ,Po't;*Po'tP!oss+ ,Po't;*Po'tP!oss+ 4=F
Loss,6/9:/*>-+ *>-+,70[1a!&ha*T70+] here T, maim'm a!!owa#!e tem&erat're Take T, >- 2egree entigra2e entigra 2e Ta#!e Ta#!e 6( 5N
Name O% Con2'tor 1 Leo&ar2 7 Co$ote 6 Tiger = o!% - L$n > Panther K Lion 8 Qear 4 Roat
70 >0.714 0.7-8K 6 K= 0.771 0.7>17 = -7 0.777 0.7>70 1 K8 0.18= 0.71K= 47 0.1-8 0.18K4 07 0.16K 0.1>77 0.177 0.1==6 6 1= 0.110 0.1600 7 6> 0.084 0.10>0 84 K
Tota! Tota! *ohm+ 7-.8KK= 7>.17-7 7>.70K8 71.K-47 18.K-07 1>.771=.=61= 16.006> 10.>0K07
P!oss*watt+ 4460708.1 >1 1007-744. 0K 100->44>. 0= 86=488K.K -> K14-717.6 84 >77>140.K 08 --6K416.> 7> =440008.8 == =0K06=6.8 K=
Eien$* F+ 88.4-K8K 7-4 88.8>640 41K 88.867>6 716 40.-=40> 80K 41.K=81>-4 47.KK476 =8K 46.-7-KK 846 4=.178K1 176 4-.1-8=0 K01
@or the on2'tor LEOPAD LEOPAD the eien$ eien$ is 88.4-F whih isS4=F isS4=F so Con2'tor QEA is hosen sine eien$ 4=F @or on2'tor QEA Con2'tor 2iameter,76.=-mm ,0.076=-m RM %or in2'tane,0.KK88r,0.004161m RM %or a&aitane,r,0.011K7-m RMD,>.78m
5. Co#ona ince$tion voltage c#ite#ion
)i , 71.1/RM/!n*RMD;RM+/m/δ Where , m=roughness factor= 0.9 for ASCR conductor Δ=relative density of air=0.9 !f "#R is in cm $ci =%%..&'v( )er )hase
!f $ci*$s&)er )hase( design is safe from corona effect. $ci= +.-.+&cm(-0.9-0.9-ln&/.+10.0+( =2+.90'v $s&)hase(= 2+132 =/.+ 'v 4ere, $ci*$s so no corona occurs.
6. Voltage Voltage regulation criterion 5or a conductor 6ear, Con2'tor 2iameter,76.=-mm ,0.076=-m RM %or in2'tane,0.KK88r,0.004161m RM %or a&aitane,r,0.011K7-m RMD,>.78m esistane esistane o% who!e !ine*+,16.006>ohm 9n2'tane o% ho!e !ength *L+ ,7 / 10 K !n *RMD;RMi+/L ,0.16H 2Π ε * L * e3
GMD ln GMRc Ca&aitane o% who!e !ength*C+,
2∗π ∗ε
,
ln ( 6.28 / 0.011725)
,8.8=/eK ,0.88 '%
Now 9m&e2ane o% the Line *<+ , 7%L ,16.006> =0.8= 5'se&tane ne o% o% th the Li Line *Y *Y+
,=7.8>SK7.66 , 6 61=.1-/C
,6.1=/e=
,6.1=/e=S40
,<;L, =7.8>SK7.66;100000 =7.8>SK7.66;100000 ,=.78/e=SK7.66 $ ,Y;L,6.1=/e4S40 U,G$
A, B, C, D parameters calculation
/100000
A,D,*1Y<;7+ ,1.00-= Q, <*1Y<;=+, =7.8>SK7.66 C, Y*1Y<;=+,6.1=/e=S40 Now 5en2ing en2 )o!tage *)s+ , A/)r Q/9r ,1.00-=/167 =7.8>SK7.66/0.6-K
,1=8.01SK7.66 ,1=8.-K k"
)o!tage eg'!ation *)+, *V)sV;A V)rV +;V)r , 11.4= F )o!tage reg'!ation S 17F so this on2'tor /E-) an #e 'se2.
7. Tension calculation for different conductor with different span in different condition 5our different conductors 7elo8 conductor 7ear in ASCR conductor ta7le is chosen. 4ence tension calculation 8ill 7e done for conductor 6ear, "oat, :eer and Shee); 8ith s)an length +0m, +m, 200m, 2+m and 20m.
Area of conductor=2+/.mm? @inear e)ansion coefficient&al)ha( =.2-eB/ )er degree c #odulus of elasticity &(=0.-e/ 'g1cm? e6/7;6 ,1->6.66 kg
Weight of ice &8ice( = 0 Weight for toughest condition &8( =
2 √ ( wc + wice ) 2 + ww 2
= 9+.D 'g1'm Weight for the stringing and easiest condition &8 +( = +9'g.
Where,
W L = − T 1 + α (θ 2 − θ 1) AE + 24T 2
K 1
2
1
2
1
2
………………………………….. (1)
AE
and,
2
W 2 L
AE
24
K 2 2=
. 5rom the a7ove data, the values of F and F+ for the s)an of +0m are given 7yG F=B29+2.9 'g F+=0.992-e0 'g Hsing the stringing eEuation the value of <+ is found to 7e, <+= D220.0, B+22.0+IJD 4ence <+ = D220.0 'g Similarly , <2 is calculated 7y the similar )rocedure as a7ove. 5or the calculation of <2 the value of F and F+ fro +0m s)an is given 7y> F=B.0+ F+=0.992-e0 Hsing stringing eEuation 8e get, <2= +99.2, B.//IJ2.9 4ence, <2= +99.2 Fg !n the similar similar manne manner, r, the the values values of tensions tensions for for different different conduc conductor tor and s)an length length is ta7ulated 7elo8G
Con2'to r
Diameter* m+
1 Qear
1714
7 Roat
1=47
w ie 1->6.666 0.076=666 1K61.666 0.07-4K 666
6 5hee&
1K7>
0.07K46
18>7
0
= I'n2ah
1787
0.07>87
0
- Deer
14KK
0.07484
1K88 1447.>>> >>K
0 0
0
1 7 T1 1487.= 1> 1714 ->-778-.11=47 >840 7-68.4 71 1K7> 4=-7700.1 0> 1787 =-01 780K
14KK
411-
5 N
Con2't or
1 Qear
5&an Lengt I1 %or h T7 7-0 7K600 676-0
7 Roat
7-0 7K600 676-0
6 5hee&
7-0 7K600 676-0
6476.> 6 6K-1.1 > 6->7.7 66->.4 7 616-.1 K =8K7.0 K =>87.K 7 ==K-.6 = =7=4.4 6 =00>.= 4 K=K-.8 K K667.0 = K1K=.7 K006.6 >818.6 8
I7 %or T7
T7
I1 %or T6
I7 %or T6
T6
4461144K ==74.K K1 = 18K>.06
4461144K K1
7488.7 1
1701>K-1 =6K8.0 K76 8 1K06.--
1701>K-1 K76
6070.4
1=60047K =67>.6 >K0 1 1-1=.>-
1=60047K >K0
60-0.4 4
1>K86K7K >16 =7K-.7 1604.67
1>K86K7K >16
60K4.6 1
14=>-1-1 --1 =77-.= 108K.->
14=>-1-1 --1
610-.> 7
187=408K 1>K -=K4.8 76>0.==
187=408K 1>K
6>4>.7
7708164- -=61.7 =K7 K 71K1.04
7708164=K7
6K=-.7 K
7>7K8>8- -687.= -70 7 14>6.K1
7>7K8>8-70
6K41.> 1
608=04-K -666.4 617 6
1K68.6
608=04-K 617
686-.1 -
6-K>8710 -78>.6 8=K 4 1=4=.8>
6-K>8710 8=K
68K-.4 7
7861>0K0 K47>. 867 = =->6.K8
7861>0K0 867
-=44.8 8
6=7>7==- K886.6 K0K - ==14.4>
6=7>7==K0K
--6K.6 >
=0KK-1=1 448 K868.7 =7>7.== =K8-=1-4 KK41. K0> > =041.77
=0KK-1=1 448 =K8-=1-4 K0>
--K=.> ->11.1 6
--=44=48 KK=6.8 861 K
--=44=48 861
->=>.8 7
640>.6
I'n2ha = h
7-0 7K600 676-0
- Deer
7-0 7K600 676-0
61-=.> 6118.8 60K4.6 606>.8 7440.K >>0>.K >640. >1-6.> > -84>.7 6 ->18.7
11K=-768 6414.7 87> 8 -04.-08 1=711K68 =00=.8 4K4 K =K6.>-=
11K=-768 87> 1=711K68 4K4
7-47.1
1>4161=6 =040.6 404 4 =6=.68>
1>4161=6 404
7K14.4 4
148=4=-6 >1- =1K-.= 641.K06
148=4=-6 >1-
781=.7 >
76070>>8 =7-4. 048 = 6=-.>0>
76070>>8 048
74>0.0 =
=7=646-K K68=.4 -14 7 6780.04 -16-1>77 K6=7.8 -48 4 60>6.8-
=7=646-K -14 -16-1>77 -48
=48>.K 1 -0>-.6
>1117>K= K600.6 87K = 787K.01
>1117>K= 87K
-1=0.0 4
K1K77-1= K7-K.8 70K 1 7->4.-K 861811=0 K71-.K K6K K 7741.-=
K1K77-1= 70K 861811=0 K6K
-710.4 7 -7KK.K 8
0. Ea#t i#e selection 5rom the earth 8ire ta7le, H
,. eigt of toe# calculation We 'no8 the maimum sag is given 7y, #aimum sag &:ma( = &W @+(1 &-<2(>
7=->.7 K
Where, W= 8eight of conductor @= length s)an <2= W= +9 'g @=0.+'m <2= +9.+ 'g
/G
4eight and the force of the to8er 5N
Con2't or
1 Qear
5 &a n 0.70.7K0.6
0.670.6-
Dma* @w*kg @ew*k m+ H1*m+ H7*m+ H6*m+ + g+ 6.18K00 640.86 =1 10.-0K 17.64K 1=.78K 66 1-K.6.8->7K 11.1K> 16.0>> 1=.4-> =74.41 1K6.7 7K 7K 7K >K =.-8478 11.404 16.K44 1-.>84 -4 74 74 74 =>4 184 -.68>06 17.K0> 1=.-4> 1>.=8> -08.08 70=.K >4 0= 0= 0= 66 >.7=>-7 16.->> 1-.=-> 1K.6=> -=K.1> 770.-
7 Roat
0.70.7K0.6
0.67-
0.6-
6 5hee&
0.70.7K0.6
0.67-
0.6-
= I'n2ah
0.70.7K0.6
0.67-
0.6-
- Deer
0.70.7K0.6
0.67-
0.6-
8
-6
-6
-6
>K
6.1-6-K >> 6.81-87 KK =.-=110= -.674-= =>.18101 07
10.=K6 -8 11.1686 11.8>1 117.>=4 -= 16.-01 01
17.6>6 -8 16.0786 16.K-1 11=.-64 -= 1-.641 01
1=.7-6 -8 1=.4186 1-.>=1 11>.=74 -= 1K.781 01
=67.86 66 =K>.11 >K
7.=-1K8 7.4>>>7 K7 6.-60-6 1> =.1=6=K 11 =.80-== -8
4.KK1K -8 10.78> >6 10.8-0 -6 11.=>6 =K 17.17=-
11.>>1 K> 17.1K> >6 17.K=0 -6 16.6-6 =K 1=.01=-
16.--1 K> 1=.0>> >6 1=.>60 -6 1-.7=6 =K 1-.40=-
=.0KK-K =4 =.4668> -K -.8K1K0 K4 >.84110 1K K.4470= >4
11.64K -K 17.7-6 8K 16.141 K1 1=.711 1 1-.617 0-
16.78K -K 1=.1=6 8K 1-.081 K1 1>.101 1 1K.707 0-
16.78K -K 1=.1=6 8K 1-.081 K1 1>.101 1 1K.707 0-
6.04K74 -1 6.K=KK7 K1 =.=>010 -.76==7 8K >.0K0>4 8=
10.=1K 6 11.0>K K6 11.K80 1 17.--= =6 16.640 K
17.60K 6 17.4-K K6 16.>K0 1 1=.=== =6 1-.780 K
17.60K 6 17.4-K K6 16.>K0 1 1=.=== =6 1-.780 K
1. /en+ing moment calculation
-14.= ->7.>8 66 >0-.4> >K
=>-.-17.0--8.>
1-K.1K6.7 184 70=.K 770.-
1-K.1K6.7 -
>0-.1-
184 70=.K -
>-1.K
770.-
==K
1-K.1K6.7 -
=41.K -6>.= -81.1
184 70=.K -
>7-.8
770.-
=48.1> >K -=K.48 66
1-K.1K6.7 -
-4K.8 >=K.>1 >K >4K.=6 66
184 70=.K 770.-
:ue to )o8er conductor> .6ending moment acting on to8er due to )o8er conductor considering 8ind force 6#)8 = 58c-&4L4+L42( +. 6ending moment due to turning of the )o8er conductor 6m)t=+< sin&N1+( -&4L4+L42( -&4L4+L4 2( Oneed to calculate N for +, , 20 degreeP :ue to earth 8ire> .6ending moment acting on to8er due to earth 8ire 6m8e=5e8-4t +.6ending moment due to turning of the earth 8ire 6met=+< sin&N1+(-4t Oneed to calculate N for +, , 20 degreeP
5&a n
Qear
7-0 7K600 676-0
Roat
7-0 7K600 676-0
5hee&
7-0 7K600 676-0
I'n2ah
7-0 7K600
Qm&w 1=-6-. =4 1>8-7. 76 14=1-. > 777=8. 01 7-6K1. 84 1>0-=. 1 18>0-. == 71=7K. 0= 7=-=6. =8 7K4K4. 67 1>78-. >18K0-. 16 716-0. -8 7=7=7. -> 7K=01. > 1>4K6. 81 1446=. 6 767--. >4
Qm&tA* 7+ K6=0.8= 1 KK6K.1= K 81K1.14 K 8>=7.44 41-7.-7 K 8414.84 > 464K.>8 8 4470.48 6 10=84.K 8 1110=.0 4 11-=-.K 170--.= 4 17>16.K 4 16770.> 6 168K>.0 7 -4>-.>7 >6>4.70 6 >811.71 >
Qm&tQ* 1-+ -=406.7 -K8>K.7 6 >1116.>=>=7.1 > >8=-6.0 >>K16.1 8 K078>.> K=700.= K8=-=.8 860=4.0 = 8>6-7.7 4 401>=.K > 4=6=0.6 7 488K8.4 8 106K80. K ==>1-.K 1 =K>66.4 4 -0464.K 1
Qm&tC* 60+ 1088>K. 1 11=K==. 171181. > 1781K8. = 16-K61677K-. 6 1646>0. > 1=K170. K 1-----. > 1>=>>-. 7 1K171=. K 1K8KK6. 4 18K0-6 14>0-7 70-KK0. 4 88=>-.K 6 4==-0.= K 10100-. 7
Qmew 667=.6 -6 6KK7.K = =7-=.7 -=KK1.4 11 -678.K 14 6614.0 88 6K>-.K 67 =7=-.1 -K =K>0.6 == -61=.7 K6 6708.-7 6>18.> 08 =0-=.1 =-1K.= 4> -010.4 >1 61>>.4 =6 6>61.4 4 =164.= 76
QmetA* 7+ 7106.6 67 71K0.0 7> 77=6.0 K1 7677.= >8 7=08.7 1K 7100.0 01 71>-.4 47768.7 K= 761>.8 64 7=01.> 88 7060.0 >= 7081.6 K7 716K.>7148.> =77>=.> 17 7006.K 68 7084.0 >4 7187.7-
QmetQ*1+ 1-K61.17 618 1>774.46 60K 1>KK>.7= 8>> 1K6K0.0> 4418011.64 >41-K0>.70 4-4 1>144.K8 K>7 1>K=0.6K 604 1K67K.4> -48 1K4>7.-> >61 1-186.1= 1K1-->>.8K --= 1-48K.1-= 1>==6.48 16= 1>46K.6661=48>.7= -18 1->7=.== 1>6 1>676.=1 8>4
QmetC*6 0+ 61140.86 61 671K4.8= >8 667>6.077 6===0.== 4= 6-K17.06 8611=1.=6 -K 67170.0K > 66141.47 6=6->.4> K4 6->1-.71 4K 6010=.67 =K 608>-.1K 1> 61>48.=8 01 67>0=.706 66-87.=8 7 74K16.47 8K 604K4.61 0> 676>-.70 -1
QMA 7K60=. 01 60-67. 1= 6=08=. 17 6K48-. 68 =77>1. 660646. 04 6646=. 8> 6K861. => =7110. == =>K44. 6> 660K0. 01 6>=>0. > =01->. 04 ==1K4. 66 =8--6. 14 78110. 11 6707=. -> 6>688. 8-
QMQ 88=4=. 1> 4=K77. 16 101-4.> 10406 7.1 11K1> -.1 101K4 7.> 1088K.> 11>>1 6 17-08 >.= 16=60 -.7 17107 4.> 1780-.= 16-K6 7.7 1==08 6 1-616 0.> K4K=7. K1 8>87=. K7 4=>-8. 7=
QM 1-K 1>K 1K8 184 707 187 146 70714 766 770 761 7== 7-K 7K1 168 1=8 1>0
7>4K0. KK 61117. 6> 18646. 771601. 8> 7=-1-. 4K 780>6. 6> 614K1. 81
676-0 Deer
7-0 7K600 676-0
K741.>> K810.-11K=>.K 176>K.160=K.= 6 16K8>.= 8 1=-8=.> >
-=-67.4 -8=16.6 8K8-1.1 8 47=4=.0 4K-K4.1 1 10610>. 6 1040K-. K
108174. 4 11-87=. > 1K=14=. > 186=00. K 146=86. 70===6. 7 71>7K4. -
=>46.0 4> -74>.8 >1 61>>.4 =6 6>61.4 4 =164.= 76 =>46.0 4> -74>.8 >1
778=.1 04 7646.8 14 704=.6 46 71-4.7 04 7760.1 48 760K.6 > 7640.> 4-
1K086.1K >6K 1K406.K1 =>> 1->>=.7> 7KK 1>1=4.06 14K 1>>K4.4> 4>> 1K7-K.0K -81K880.60-=
668K1.>1 71 6-=48.-6 1K 610-8.7> -8 67014.== 0= 660K7.1-6 6=71>.=1 08 6-=-7.70 >>
=1764. >= =>>16. -4 6-=01. 78 64=>0. -> =6466. 07 =88-0. 6 -=7==. 07
11. Equivalent weight calculation Weight of to8er &Wt( =
∗ ∗√ BM ∗ F . S .
0.0016 Ht
Bm∗2 =0.000/2-4t- √ Bm
8here, 4t is in 5t and 6# is in 'l7Bft. 4t is in m and 6m is in 'gBm.
= +. tonnes
7-0 7K600 676-0
Roat
7-0 7K600 676-0
5hee&
7-0 7K-
tA tQ tC 6.1176 -.>060 K.=8=4 7 44 08 6.64-- -.480K K.4-=7 77 76 6.K086 >.=017 8.=KK7 >7 K8 >= =.0-6= >.8>K6 4.0->8 1= >= 6= =.=666 K.681K 4.>4>0 66 77 04 6.7K8= -.4448 8.0=00 >1 -= -1 6.-K60 >.644- 8.-644 8K -K -= 6.848- >.8==> 4.04>4 =8 78 11 =.7-K= K.66KK 4.K164 41 >6K =.>-7> K.8818 10.64= =1 11 77 6.60-4 >.67=6 8.-=707 41 08 6.--84 >.>>4K 8.4K>8
A"g t;t&wer ost;tower K.0K7KK= ->-871.4K K=8 48 K.-40>-1 >0K7-7.10 66= >8 8.1>--16 >-67=1.0= 07K 77 8.8017-6 K0=100.7= 0=> 6K 4.-01478 K>01-=.60 87= > K.-=7KK7 >06=71.K8 7-> 0= 8.0886K4 >=K0K0.64 488 41 8.>46488 >4--14.0> 608 => 4.6>6>7- K=4040.0> 87K >7 10.101=4 808114.-==6 => K.8>=>6= >741K0.KK K0= >6 8.66>0=K >>>886.81
ost;tower;s &an L 77>6.78K414 7708.184=K4 71KK.=K01=1 71>>.=>7788 71K1.8>4==> 7=16.>8K177 76-7.4867>4 7618.64>887 760=.847-11 7608.416016 7-1>.>86107=7-.0670=8
1067K 4.4 117K7 >.17-0K -.> 166-K >.4 1=741 =.1-611 4.4 1>=77 =.8
1K6 18K 77> 7=0 7-7K1 784
600 676-0 I'n2ah
7-0 7K600 676-0
Deer
7-0 7K600
67 676-0
K7 6.86-8 14 =.1686 -=.=>8= 6.7411 K1 6.>=4> 06 =.0=44 47 =.=4>7 76 =.4476 14 6.-788 6 6.8=04 -> =.18>0 7K =.->>8 =.48>1 7-
81 K.0-71 88 K.=K61 K.46-K =K -.-=67 -7 >.0046 7>.-670 =K.11-6 8K.K>67> >.>674 >6 K.0>>8 1 K.-=44 -4 8.08-7 >= 8.>K-K =1
0> 4.=-86 K 4.4846 7> 10.-K1 46 K.600> >6 K.8K71 18.-17> 87 4.77>K 16 10.018 8 8.4671 64.=K4= -10.084 14 10.K>= -> 11.-08 4K
>>= 8.8-->>8 184.=7>6K6 K71 10.0-11418 K.11=K-> 70K.K-K168 4== 8.=K>1=1 =64 4.7KK>=7 K7= 10.1>KK8 678.78=0K6-8 8.8K7-16 4-7 4.-7-404 -610.7=8-0 8=11.0==K= >-7
67 K08=-6.==8 K-=104.84 KK 80=047.K6 == ->4180.=4 >= >70-K1.11 ->K8041.61 -1 K=7711.=1 K4 816=77.>> 06 >>7K7>.07 8> K04801.11 >7 K>70K7.K> 78 814880.>K -K 886-K4.K7 1=
76>1.-11-1> 7670.6681=K 774K.=0K816 77K>.K7148> 77->.>77768 77>0.60=68= 7786.K7K== 767=.0>=K== 7>-0.40=117-81.04=4>8 7-=0.7=7-=6 7-77.K04KK1 7-7=.-16=4
4ence the most economical s)an is 2+ m.
12. !election of most economical con+ucto# c on+ucto#..
5N
Eo 5&an
ost;tower;s& N'm#er o% an Tower Tower
Tota! Tota! Cost*5+
1 /e /ea#
325
21.4
30
21024
7 6 = -
67676767-
760=.84 7670.66 7786.K7 7-77.K
608 608 608 608
760K14=84 7677>-066 778>006K7 7-7-777K0
Roat 5hee& I'n2ah Deer
Qo8, 5or conductor cost calculation @et, cost of steel= Rs 0 )er 'g Cost of Al = 200 )er 'g :e). 5actor= 0. @ife time= + years Sam)le calculation,
5or 6earG s)an length=2+m, Al 8eight )er 'm= 2D 'g, Steel 8eight )er 'm= D'g Cost of )o8er conductor
( +i ) Annual ca)ital ca)ital cost &A(= ( 1 + i ) −1 - i 1
n
= Rs +//9+/.+
L@ LL@ ate,
0. 0.6 4
s;'n it ea' )o8er loss )er 'm= D9.9'81'm Cost of energy loss= l-@@5-time-rate )er '8h = Rs ,0,+2D. ,0,+2D.
Tota! Tota! A! weight
Tota! Tota! 5tee! t
Tota! Tota! ost o% on2'tor
Tota! Tota! Tower Tower Cost
Qear
K6=00
=8-00
7-=1-000
71>8>7>=>
Roat
84>00
-4>00
610-7000
760K14=84
5hee&
106>00
>4000
6-410000
7677>-066
I'n2ah
117000
1>700
6=K6=000
778>006K7
Deer
118800
K8400
=11>6000
7-7-777K0
Tota! Cost 7=77KK>= > 7>1KK1=8 4 7>81K-06 6 7>666=6K 7 746>8-7K 0
Ann'a! Cost*s+ 7>>417> 1.7 788688> 0.6 74-==67 >.= 740110= 0.1 676-=K= 0
13. !election of economical con+ucto# Ta#!e Ta#!e 11( 5e!etion o% eonomia! on2'tor Name O% Con2't or Qear
Ann'a! Cost Tota! Tota! Tota! Tota! Ann'a! E!e @orm on2 Ann'a! 70 >*ohm+ P!*kw+ Cost an2 tower *s+ 0.11 0.16006 16.006 =4.40008 118076>. 7K8K1=48. 07 > > 8== 847 7>>417>1.14 08
Roat 5hee& I'n2ah Deer
0.08 44 0.0K KK 0.0K =6 0.0> K8
0.10>0K 07 0.041>8 > 0.08KK7 17 0.08000 =
10.>0K 07 4.1>8> 8.KK71 7 8.000=
=0.K06=6 8K= 6-.186>6 K>K 66.>>718 60K 60.K00K8 06>
4>7K1K.K 661 8671>6.6 487 K4>1KK.4 -= K7>16=.8 -K1
788688>0.6 74-==67>.= 740110=0.1 676-=K=0.06
74801-K8. 06 606K>=84. 8 7480K718. 0660808K=. 84
So, 8e can easily see from a7ove ta7le that 6AR conductor conductor 8ith a s)an 2+m 8ill 7e the most economical conductor for the transmission line as the sum of cost of to8er, conductor cost and energy loss cost is minimum for 6AR conductor.
14. Design Specification: ELECTRICAL ARA!ETERS
PARAMETERS POWER (P) LE!"T# (L) !UM%ER O& 'R'UTS (!c) A'SR 'on*c+o, APARAMETER %PARAMETER 'PARAMETER PARAMETER L!E !U'TA!'E (L) L!E 'APA'TA!'E (') L!E MPEA!'E () L!E SUS'EPTA!'E() VOLTA"E RE"ULATO! E&&'E!' 'ORO!A !'EPTO! !'EP TO! VOLTA"E VOLTA"E
VALUES 80m 100 $m 1 %EAR S-nl/ c$+ 1.0054
=7.8>SK7.66 6.1=/e=S40 1.0054 0.13 # 0.88 * 42.862.33
6.1=/e=S40 11.74 74.12
2+.90'v &hase(
!EC"A#ICAL ARA!ETERS PARAMETERS
VALUES
SPA! LE!"T#
325M
T1
56559"
T2
4427.49"
T3
2788.219"
#
3.18M
#1
10.50M
#2
12.37M
#3
14.28M
TOWER WE"#T
.0 Ton/
.
