TRATADO DE LIBRE COMERCIO PERÚ – CHINA TRABAJO PRESENTADO PARA EL CURSO DE INTELIGENCIA COMERCIAL DIRIGIDO DIRIGIDO POR EL PROFESOR JOSÉ LUIS GARCÍA PRESENTADO POR:
CHAMORRO SERNAQUÉ, César. !L"E# CAMI#!N, $%&'(). QUINTANA CASTRO, *+a*. SOSA UCEDA, a()/r'+/ ON MORI, P'/r'+a. #A##ALI BUSTOS, A&*.
PIMENTEL-PERÚ 2011 – I
TABLA TA BLA DE CONTENIDO CONTEN IDO INTRODUCCION................................ INTRODUCCION....................................................... .............................................. ........................................................ ................................. ... CAPITULO I: ANTECEDENTES................ ANTECEDENTES....................................... .............................................. .............................................. ........................... ... 1.1. Antecedentes............. Antecedentes.................................... .............................................. .............................................. ................................................. .............................. .... ... CAPITULO II: BENEFICIOS...................................... BENEFICIOS............................................................. ....................................................... ................................ ...
CARMONA PÉRE#, Ca%&'a CAPITULO III: SISTEMAS Y TIPOS DE DESGRA DESGRA ACIONES..................................... ... CHAMORRO SERNAQUÉ, César. !L"E# CAMI#!N, $%&'(). SOSA UCEDA, a()/r'+/ &/ R*3*. ON MORI, P'/r'+a. #A##ALI BUSTOS, A&*.
1
CAPITULO I: SECTORES SENSIBLES Y PLA!OS DE DESGRAACION........ DESGRAACION.............. ........ .
CAPITULO I: REGLAS DE ORIGEN......................................... ORIGEN................................................................ .................................... ............. . ".1. C#$te#$%s de c&'$($c&c$)n de O#$*en................................................. O#$*en....................................................................... .............................. ........ . ".1. C#$te#$%s de Ce#t$($c&c$)n O#$*en....................................... O#$*en.............................................................. ........................................... .................... . ".1. C#$te#$%s de e#$($c&c$)n de O#$*en......................................... O#$*en................................................................ ...................................... ............... . CAPITULO : OPORTUNIDADES DETECTADAS... DETECTADAS.......................... ..................................................... .............................. . CONCLUSIONES............................ CONCLUSIONES................................................... .............................................. ............................................................ ..................................... . RECOMENDACIONES......................... RECOMENDACIONES................................................ .............................................. ...................................................... ............................... . REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGR+FICAS................................ BIBLIOGR+FICAS....................................................... ................................................. .......................... .
INTRODUCCI4N
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CAPTULO I5 ANTECEDENTES 1.1 ANTECEDENTES ∗
Desde 1-1/ &0% en e' c&' C2$n& 3 Pe#4 est&5'ec$e#%n '&6%s d$7'%89t$c%s/ &85%s 7&ses 2&n s%sten$d% (#ecentes $nte#c&85$%s 3 c%8n$c&c$%nes en &s7ect%s 7%'t$c%s 3 ec%n)8$c%s; 2&5$end% '%*#&d% &de89s n $87%#t&nte des&##%''% en '&s 9#e&s de c%%7e#&c$)n 3 c%%#d$n&c$)n en c$enc$& 3 tecn%'%*&/ edc&c$)n 3 c't#&.
∗
C2$n& 3 Pe#4 2&n 8&nten$d% n& est#ec2& #e'&c$)n desde 8ed$&d%s de' s$*'% nc'% 5$'&te#&' 83 s)'$d%. Est%s '&6%s &8$*&5'es se (%#t&'ec$e#%n en n%>$e85#e de 1-1/ c&nd% Pe#4 #ec%n%c$) '& ?7%'t$c& de n& s%'& C2$n&@ 3 est&5'ec$) #e'&c$%nes d$7'%89t$c&s c%n '& Re745'$c& P%7'&# C2$n&.
∗
D#&nte '%s &0%s / e' ('=% c%8e#c$&' ent#e C2$n& 3 Pe#4 n% s7e#) '%s US 1 8$''%nes &n&'es.
∗
P%# %t#% '&d%/ en t#8$n%s de $n>e#s$)n/ en '%s &0%s n%>ent&/ '&s e87#es&s c2$n&s c%8en6&#%n & &5#$# %($c$n&s en Pe#4 3 #ec$ente8ente &'*n&s c%87&0&s 7e#&n&s 2&n c%8en6&d% & 2&ce# '% 8$s8% en C2$n&.
∗
En e' ,/ e' c%8e#c$% 5$'&te#&' c#ec$) 2&st& n est$8&d% de US / 8$''%nes 3 C2$n& se c%n>$#t$) en e' se*nd% s%c$% c%8e#c$&' de' Pe#4.
Est%s 2ec2%s 7%nen de 8&n$($est% e' (e#te 7%tenc$&' e t$ene '& &s%c$&c$)n 5$'&te#&' ent#e Pe#4 3 C2$n&.
PRINCIPALES ACONTECIMIENTOS PRE"IOS AL TLC PERÚ CHINA
1N 6e * % cN O& "$ )I nE (M% #B 8R &E ' d eD 1En & c 1 e # d % c 8 e # c $& ' e n t #e '% s 7 & : s e d e P # 4 3 C 2 $ n & . 8A En 9B' $Rs E Rd eO ' & s t e n d c $ & s d e ' c % 8 e # c $% 5 $ '& t e #& ' 3 & s $n > e # s $% n e s . 16 N O " I E M B R E D E 2 0 75 9L & n 6 8 e n t % D( Ec $ & ' d e ' & s n e * % c $ & % n e s n t # e P # 4 3 C 2 $ n & t# & > D s d e ' M e88E %B #R& nEd R% O e2 E0 n t9 e d $ 8 e n t % s 5 # e ' F % # t& ' e c $ 8 e n t % d e ' & s R e '& c $ % n e s E c % n ) 8 c & s 3 C % 8 e # c $& ' e s . NA O5 %"# Id &E= eM dB R & Es 1 n t % s # e ' & c $ % n & d % s & ' n e * % c & c $ ) n . 9 D E S E T IE M B R E NO "IEM BRE 20 95 20 75 20 9 SETIEMBRE 20 95 En este sent$d%/ se 2& ''e*&d% & n &ce#d% en '%s s$*$entes te8&s: • • • • • • • • • • •
C%8e#c$% de B$enes Re*'&s de O#$*en De(ens& C%8e#c$&' Se#>$c$%s In>e#s$%nes Ent#&d& Te87%#&' de Pe#s%n&s de Ne*%c$%s Med$d&s S&n$t&#$&s 3 F$t%s&n$t&#$&s O5st9c'%s Tcn$c%s &' C%8e#c$% S%'c$)n de C%nt#%>e#s$&s P#%ced$8$ent%s Ad&ne#%s P#%7$ed&d Inte'ect&' "
• •
C%%7e#&c$)n Asnt%s Inst$tc$%n&'es
CAPTULO II5 BENE8ICIOS Es e' %ct&>% t#&t&d% de L$5#e C%8e#c$% ne*%c$&d% 7%# e' *$*&nte &s$9t$c% 3 e' se*nd% c%n A8#$c& L&t$n& t#&s se# &'c&n6&d% c%n C2$'e en e' ,H.Es n% de '%s &c%ntec$8$ent%s e 2& 8&#c&d% '& 2$st%#$& de nest#% 7&s/ 7es 2& 7&s&d% & (%#8&# 7&#te de n& #e'&c$)n ec's$>& c%n C2$n&. E' 8e#c&d% c2$n% #e7#esent& n& *#&n %7%#tn$d&d 7&#& e' Pe#4. De8%*#9($c&8ente/ C2$n& es e' 8e#c&d% 89s *#&nde de' 8nd%/ &' c%nt&# c%n n& 7%5'&c$)n ce#c&n& & '%s 1/ 8$''%nes de 2&5$t&ntes/ de '%s c&'es &7#%$8&d&8ente H 8$''%nes de 2&5$t&ntes se encent#&n en 6%n&s #5&n&s/ c&#&cte#$6&d&s 7%# 8%st#&# n 7%de# &d$s$t$>% c#ec$ente. M&n$($est& EL COMERCIO / ,-K : ? El TLC chino-peruano “es integral” y abarca desde el comercio de bienes, al de servicios, defensa comercial, medidas sanitarias y fitosanitarias, solución de controversias, propiedad intelectual o asuntos institucionales”.
Se*4n MINCETUR/ ,K Es e' 7#$8e# &ce#d% c%8e#c$&' &87'$% e %5t$ene C2$n& c%n n 7&s en >&s de des&##%''% d%nde se $nc'3e s$8't9ne&8ente 7#%>$s$%nes s%5#e c%8e#c$% de 5$enes/ se#>$c$%s e $n>e#s$%nes. As$8$s8% '& ($#8& de' T#&t&d% ent#e Pe#4 3 C2$n& 2& c%n''e>&d% '%s s$*$entes 5ene($c$%s & c%ns$de#&#: •
Se %5t$ene n &cces% 7#e(e#enc$&' &' 8e#c&d% de 8&3%# c#ec$8$ent% de' 8nd%/ c%n 89s de 1/ 8$''%nes de 7e#s%n&s.
H
•
En '&s ne*%c$&c$%nes/ e' Pe#4 2& 5sc&d% e ss 7#$nc$7&'es 7#%dct%s de e7%#t&c$)n/ &s c%8% '%s e 7%seen 7%tenc$&' e7%#t&d%#/ se 5ene($c$en c%n n &cces% 7#e(e#ente &' 8e#c&d% c2$n%. En este sent$d%/ se 2& '%*#&d% e n& &87'$& *&8& de 7#%dct%s 7e#&n%s &*#c%'&s/ 7ese#%s/ $ndst#$&'esK $n*#esen en c%nd$c$%nes 7#e(e#enc$&'es & d$c2% 8e#c&d%.
•
E' &ce#d% 7e#8$t$#9 est#ec2&# '&s #e'&c$%nes c%8e#c$&'es c%n e' 7#$nc$7&' 7#%>eed%# 8nd$&' de $ns8%s 7&#& '& $ndst#$&/ '% c&' 7%s$5$'$t& e' $nc#e8ent% de '& e($c$enc$& en '& $ndst#$& d%8st$c&/ 7e#8$t$end% &s e se $nte*#e en c&den&s 7#%dct$>&s c%n e' As$& c%n '& ($n&'$d&d de >ende# en 8e#c&d%s de '& #e*$)n.
•
Se 8&nt$enen '%s 8ec&n$s8%s de de(ens& c%8e#c$&' e$stentes s&'>&*&#d$& *'%5&'/ &nt$d87$n* 3 8ed$d&s c%87ens&t%#$&sK/ 3 se *ene#& n 8ec&n$s8% de s&'>&*&#d$& 5$'&te#&' ent#e '&s P&#tes.
•
E' Ace#d% de C%%7e#&c$)n Ad&ne#& 7e#8$t$#9 e '&s Ad&n&s se s%'$c$ten $n(%#8&c$)n s%5#e c&#&cte#st$c&s t&'es c%8% e' >&'%# %#$*en de n& 8e#c&nc&/ '& c&' 7%d#9 se# t$'$6&d& en 7#%ces%s &d8$n$st#&t$>%s 3 =d$c$&'es. Est% (&c$'$t '&s '&5%#es de $n>est$*&c$)n.
Se*4n J&$8e C9ce#es S&39n/ 7#es$dente de '& C%n(ede#&c$)n N&c$%n&' de Inst$tc$%nes E87#es&#$&'es P#$>&d&s CONFIEPK/ d$=% e este &ce#d% $nc#e8ent e' $nte#c&85$% c%8e#c$&' 3 '& &t#&cc$)n de $n>e#s$%nes &s$9t$c&s &' 7&s. •
C%nt#$53e sst&nc$&'8ente en e' %5=et$>% de' Pe#4 7%# c%n>e#t$#se en 'de# de' P&c($c% S# 3 ?cent#% de ne*%c$%s@ en A8#$c& de' S#.
•
Pe#8$te n &cces% 7#e(e#enc$&' &' 8e#c&d% c2$n% ($*#& n& &87'$& *&8& de 7#%dct%s &*#c%'&s 3 7ese#%s ent#e '%s e se encent#&n: >&s/ es79##&*%s/ ct#$c%s/ 7$8$ent%s/ t%8&te/ c&c&%/ (#t%s sec%s/ (#e=%'es/ &'c&c2%(&s/ &=%s/ ce5%''&s/ 7&'t&s/ (#es&s/ 2&#$n& de 7esc&d%/ &ce$te de 7esc&d%/ 7%t&/ 7'7%s (#esc%s/ 7esc&d% c%n*e'&d%/ '&n*%st$n%s/ ent#e %t#%s.
•
P#%8e>e '& (&c$'$t&c$)n de' c%8e#c$% 8ed$&nte #e*8enes &d&ne#%s e s$87'$($c&n '%s t#98$tes e se de5en se*$# 7&#& '& &d8$s$)n te87%#&' de 8e#c&nc&s
•
L&s est#ct#&s 7#%dct$>&s de Pe#4 3 C2$n& s%n en *ene#&' c%87'e8ent&#$&s. P%# e' '&d% de '&s e7%#t&c$%nes 7e#&n&s e $87%#t&c$%nes c2$n&s/ e$sten c%$nc$denc$&s en '%s c&s%s de '&s 8&te#$&s 7#$8&s 3 8&n(&ct#&s 5&s&d&s en #ec#s%s n&t#&'es 7#%dct%s 8$ne#%s/ 7ese#%s/ &*#%$ndst#$&'esK. M$ent#&s e 7%# e' '&d% de '&s $87%#t&c$%nes 7e#&n&s 3 e7%#t&c$%nes c2$n&s/ e$ste n& c'&#& c%87'e8ent&#$ed&d en '% e se #e($e#e & 8&n(&ct#&s n% 5&s&d&s en #ec#s%s n&t#&'es/ 7#$nc$7&'8ente 5$enes de c&7$t&' 8&$n&#$& 3 e$7%sK 3 5$enes de c%ns8% d#&de#%s n% 7#%dc$d%s en e' 7&s.
•
Desde e' 7nt% de >$st& c%8e#c$&'/ C2$n& 3& es &ct&'8ente e' se*nd% s%c$% c%8e#c$&' 89s $87%#t&nte de' Pe#4. Ent#e ene#% 3 n%>$e85#e de ,/ e' ('=% c%8e#c$&' c%n C2$n& &scend$) & ce#c& de US "/- 8$''%nes/ ".H s7e#$%# &' 8%nt% #e*$st#&d% en s$8$'&# 7e#%d% de' &0% &nte#$%#.
•
Un &ce#d% c%8e#c$&' c%n C2$n& &3d en #edc$# e' $87&ct% ne*&t$>% c&s&d% 7%# &ce#d%s e te#ce#%s 7&ses 3& 2&n ($#8&d% c%n C2$n&/ &' #edc$#se '& 5#ec2& ent#e e' &#&nce' c%5#&d% 7%# C2$n& & '%s 7#%dct%s 7#ecedentes de est%s 7&ses c%n e' &#&nce' c%5#&d% &' 7#%dct% %#$*$n&#$% de' Pe#4.
CAPTULO III5 SISTEMAS : TIPOS DE DESRA"ACIONES L&s c&te*%#&s de des*#&>&c$)n c%nte87'&d&s en e' TLC Pe#4C2$n& s%n '&s s$*$entes: A: des*#&>&c$)n $n8ed$&t&.
B: des*#&>&c$)n en H &0%s. C: des*#&>&c$)n en 1 &0%s. D: ec's$)n. E: 1 &0%s/ c3% ese8& de des*#&>&c$)n es '& s$*$ente:
F: des*#&>&c$)n '$ne&' en &0%s. G: des*#&>&c$)n '$ne&' en 1, &0%s : des*#&>&c$)n '$ne&' en 1H &0%s I: des*#&>&c$)n '$ne&' en 1 &0%s J1: des*#&>&c$)n en 1 &0%s c%n n 7e#%d% de *#&c$& de " &0%s. Est% $e#e dec$# e 7%# '%s 7#$8e#%s " &0%s n% 2&5#9 #edcc$)n &#&nce'&#$&. J,: des*#&>&c$)n en 1 &0%s c%n n 7e#%d% de *#&c$& de &0%s. Est% $e#e dec$# e 7%# '%s 7#$8e#%s &0%s n% 2&5#9 #edcc$)n &#&nce'&#$&. J: des*#&>&c$)n en 1 &0%s c%n n 7e#%d% de *#&c$& de 1 &0%s. Est% $e#e dec$# e 7%# '%s 7#$8e#%s 1 &0%s n% 2&5#9 #edcc$)n &#&nce'&#$&. En '&s C&te*%#&s 3 L/ C2$n& %t%#*& &' Pe#4 n t#&t% 7#e(e#ente s$8$'&# &' e 'e 5#$nd& & C2$'e en '& &ct&'$d&d. Est% s$*n$($c& e/ desde e' 8%8ent% en e e' TLC ent#& en >$*enc$&/ '%s 7#%dct%s 7e#&n%s en est&s c&te*%#&s ent#&n en $*&'es c%nd$c$%nes e '%s 7#%dct%s c2$'en%s. 8K : ese8& de des*#&>&c$)n es e' s$*$ente:
nK
L: ese8& de des*#&>&c$)n es e' s$*$ente:
CAPTULO I"5 SECTORES SENSIBLES: PLA#OS DE DESRA"ACI4N.
E;/<(%a&*s5 PERU ec'3) H-, 7#%dct%s TC/ c&'6&d%s 3 &'*n%s 8et&'8ec9n$c%sK e #e7#esent&n n 1 de '&s ?M@ PERU CINA; CINA ec'3) ",, 7#%dct%s &'*n%s de $nte#s de PERU: c&(/ t&5&c%/ de 7esc& 3 8&de#&K 7e#% e s)'% #e7#esent&n e' 1 de '&s ?M@ CINA
PERU
T*(a /+ <a* &/='+'&*5 Pe#4 %(#ece des*#&>&c$)n t%t&' de ss &#&nce'es en n 7'&6% de($n$d%K &' - de '&s e7%#t&c$%nes de C2$n& & Pe#4 3 c&s$ &' -, de 'ne&s &#&nce'&#$&s. P%# 4't$8%/ e' Pe#4 7%d#9 8&ntene# '& &7'$c&c$)n de' 8ec&n$s8% de (#&n=& de 7#ec$%s. P%# s 7&#te/ C2$n& %(#ece des*#&>&c$)n
-
t%t&' de ss &#&nce'es en n 7'&6% de($n$d%K &' -.- de '&s e7%#t&c$%nes de' Pe#4 3 c&s$ &' -".H de 'ne&s &#&nce'&#$&s.
L/+(a5 ent#e 1, & 1 &0%s c%n &'*n%s 7'&6%s de *#&c$&K 7&#& e' " de ?M@ PERU
CINA 1" '.&.K 3 e' 1 de M CNQ PER '.&.K
8ra+>a &/ Pr/'*s A?r3*as5 PERU '%*#) 8&ntene# este 8ec&n$s8%/ e d& 7#e(e#enc$& & '& CAN.
@LSC OMC5 en 1 &0%s *%6 n de &#&nce' ce#% e' de ?<@ PERU
CINA - '.&.K 3 e' de < CNPER - '.&.K
1
TABLA N095 D/s?raa'F+ ara+/ar'a &/ P/rG <*r s/(*r/s &/ a(''&a& /*+F'a.
11
8UENTE5 MINCETUR, 2009
TABLA N065 D/s?raa'F+ ara+/ar'a &/ C)'+a <*r s/(*r/s &/ a(''&a& /*+F'a.
1,
8UENTE5 MINCETUR, 2009
CAPTULO "5 RELAS DE ORIEN .1.
CRITERIOS DE CALI8ICACI4N DE ORIEN 1
En e' c&7t'% se 2&n &c%#d&d% t#es c#$te#$%s: &K t%t&'8ente %5ten$d% 5K c&nd% '&s8e#c&nc&s e87'e&n 4n$c&8ente 8&te#$&'es %#$*$n&#$%s cK c&nd% '&s 8e#c&nc&s e87'e&n8&te#$&'es n% %#$*$n&#$%s '%s Re$s$t%s Es7ec($c%s de O#$*en REOsK. Est%s c#$te#$%s #e('e=&n '& est#ct#& 7#%dct$>& de' Pe#4/ '% e $87'$c& #e*'&s ('e$5'es 7&#&nest#%s 7#$nc$7&'es 7#%dct%s de e7%#t&c$)n 3 #e*'&s c%n 8&3%# #ee#$8$ent% de 7#%dcc$)n7&#& &'*n%s 7#%dct%s sens$5'es. Ad$c$%n&'8ente/ se 2& &c%#d&d% #e$s$t%s es7ec($c%s de %#$*ene c%nte87'&n #e*'&s &'te#n&t$>&s de s&'t% de c'&s$($c&c$)n &#&nce'&#$& % >&'%# de c%nten$d%#e*$%n&'. A s >e6 se 2&n &c%#d&d% #e*'&s 7&#& '%s 8&te#$&'es de e87&e % e85&'&=e 7&#& '& >ent& &' 7%#8en%#/ '%s c&'es n% se c%ns$de# n 7&#& '& c&'$($c&c$)n de %#$*en de 7#%dct%s t%t&'8ente%5ten$d%s.
.2.
CRITERIOS DE CERTI8ICACI4N DE ORIEN
A ($n de s%'$c$t&# t#&t% &#&nce'&#$% 7#e(e#enc$&' e' $87%#t&d%# de5e tene# n Ce#t$($c&d% deO#$*en &' 8%8ent% de '& $87%#t&c$)n/ e es e8$t$d% 5&=% n (%#8&t% 7#eest&5'ec$d% 3 c%87'et&d%en $n*'s & s%'$c$td de' e7%#t&d%# 3 #e(#end&d% 7%# '& Ent$d&d Ce#t$($c&d%#& de '& P&#tee7%#t&d%#&. E' ce#t$($c&d% de %#$*en se de5e#9 e8$t$# &ntes de' 8%8ent% de e7%#t&c$)n. N% %5st&nte e''%/ es7%s$5'e e8$t$# c%7$&s de '%s Ce#t$($c&d%s de O#$*en &nte #%5%/ 7#d$d& % dest#cc$)n. S$ e'Ce#t$($c&d% n% (e e8$t$d% &' 8%8ent% de '& $87%#t&c$)n 7%# 8%t$>%s de5$d% & e##%#es $n>%'nt&#$%s %8$s$%nes/ % c&nd% (e #ec2&6&d% 7%# '& &t%#$d&d &d&ne#& de '& P&#te $87%#t&d%#&; '& Ent$d&dCe#t$($c&d%#& 7ede e8$t$# n Ce#t$($c&d% de O#$*en. E' Ce#t$($c&d% de O#$*en tend#9 n& >&'$de6 de1 &0%. Se de5e se0&'&# e es 7%s$5'e s%'$c$t&# '& de>%'c$)n de '%s &#&nce'es de 8e#c&nc&s %#$*$n&#$&s/s$e87#e 3 c&nd% e' $87%#t&d%# dec'&#e &' 8%8ent% de '& $87%#t&c$)n e e#&n 8e#c&nc&s%#$*$n&#$&s/ 7#esente e' ce#t$($c&d% de %#$*en 3 c&'$e# %t#% d%c8ent% e #e$e#& '& &t%#$d&d&d&ne#&. D$c2& s%'$c$td se de5e#9 #e&'$6&# dent#% de n &0% 7%ste#$%# & '& $87%#t&c$)n de '&8e#c&nc&.
1"
P%# %t#% '&d%/ se 2&n &c%#d&d% ece7c$%nes & '& 7#esent&c$)n de' Ce#t$($c&d% de O#$*en/ s$ '&s8e#c&nc&s n% s7e#&n '%s d)'&#es. N% %5st&nte e''%/ d$c2&s 8e#c&nc&s de5en 7#esent&# n&Dec'&#&c$)n J#&d& de O#$*en de' 7#%dct%# % e7%#t&d%# de '& 8e#c&nc&/ '& c&' t$ene n& >&'$de6de 1 &0%.
.J.
"ERI8ICACI4N DE ORIEN
C&nd% e' 7&s $87%#t&d%# ten*& dd&s &ce#c& de' %#$*en de n& 8e#c&nc&/ ste ''e> &c&5% n 7#%ces% de >e#$($c&c$)n de %#$*en/ & ($n de dete#8$n&# s$ '&s 8e#c&nc&s e7%#t&d&s 7%# '&%t#& P&#te c87'$e#%n c%n '% est&5'ec$d% en e' Ace#d%. L& P&#te >e#$($c&d%#& 7ede s%'$c$t&# $n(%#8&c$)n &' $87%#t&d%#/ e7%#t&d%# % 7#%dct%# de '&8e#c&nc&/ & ($n de e de8est#e e' c87'$8$ent% de %#$*en/ 7ede s%'$c$t&# '&#e&'$6&c$)n de >$s$t&s & '&s $nst&'&c$%nes de '& e87#es& e7%#t&d%#&/ e $nc's% 7ede s%'$c$t&# &s$stenc$& 7&#& '& >e#$($c&c$)n de %#$*en. E' 7#%ces% de >e#$($c&c$)n se de5e #e&'$6&# en n 7'&6% 89$8% de d&s des7s de '&n%t$($c&c$)n de' 7#%ces% de >e#$($c&c$)n de %#$*en/ de5$end% '& 7&#te $87%#t&d%#& e8$t$# sdete#8$n&c$)n 7%# esc#$t%.
CAPTULO "I5 OPORTUNIDADES DETECTADAS P&#t$#e8%s '& $dent$($c&c$)n de '&s %7%#tn$d&des detect&d&s & 7&#t$# de' T#&t&d% de L$5#e C%8e#c$% Pe#4 C2$n&/ des7s de' &n9'$s$s de '& %(e#t& C2$n& de des*#&>&c$)n #e7#esent&d& en n *#9($c% 7%# sect%#es
rK='* N095 O=/r(a C)'+a &/ &/s?raa'F+ ara+/ar'a
1H
8%/+(/ MINCETUR, 200
rK='* N065 D/s?raa'F+ ara+/ar'a C)'+a /+ S/(*r A?r'%(%ra
8%/+(/ MINCETUR, 200
S$n e85&#*%/ se '%*#) 8&ntene# '& 7#%tecc$)n & &'*n%s sect%#es sens$5'es/ s%5#e t%d% en tet$'es:
rK='* N0 O=/r(a &/ P/rG /+ &/s?raa'F+ ara+/ar'a
1
8%/+(/ MINCETUR, 200 rK='* N105 D/s?raa'F+ ara+/ar'a C)'+a /+ S/(*r T/;('
8%/+(/ MINCETUR, 200
Ent#e '%s 7#%dct%s e tend#e8%s c%8% %7%#tn$d&d detect&d& 7&#& '& e7%#t&c$)n &7#%>ec2&nd% e' T#&t&d% de L$5#e C%8e#c$% Pe#4C2$n&/ 7%de8%s enc%nt#&#:
Pr*&%(* Ca=é Act&'8ente e' 8e#c&d% 7&#& este 7#%dct% c%ns$de#&d% 5&nde#& c%87#ende " 7&ses/ 3 7&#& este &0% '& Jnt& N&c$%n&' de' C&( JNCK es7e#& e e' 7%#t&(%'$% de dest$n%s se $nc#e8ente & H c%n e' $n*#es% de c&t#% ne>%s 7&ses &s$9t$c%s.
1
L%s 7#$nc$7&'es 8e#c&d%s de ese c%nt$nente 7&#& e' *#&n% 7e#&n% s%n J&7)n/ S$n*&7#/ T&$9n/ C%#e& de' S# 3 C2$n&. En C2$n& e' c%ns8% de c&( %5edece 89s & n& c't#& de %cc$dent&'$6&c$)n/ 7%# e''% s 7#%dcc$)n es de s%'% 8$' $nt&'es 3 '% dest$n& 7&#& c%ns8% $nte#n%. S$n e85&#*% 2&3 $nd$c$%s e c%8en6&#&n & 7#%dc$#.
Pr*&%(* Ma&/ra E' te#ce# s5 sect%# n% t#&d$c$%n&' c%n e' 89s &'t% c#ec$8$ent% 1HK. Ss en>%s 7%# US , 8$''%nes HH 8$' n% s%'% s%n de 8&de#& &se##&d&/ s$n% de 7#%dct%s se8$ 8&n(&ct#&d%s/ 8&de#& c2&7&d& 3 c%nt#&c2&7&d& 3 2%=&s/ c2&7&s 3 '98$n&s. Le s$*e c%n n c#ec$8$ent% de 11 e' s5 sect%# 7esc&/ s 8%nt% e7%#t&d% 7&s) de US 1H 8$''%nes 1, 8$' & US , 8$''%nes 1H" 8$'.
Pr*&%(* Ua L& e7%#t&c$)n c#ece & 5en #$t8%. Un% de '%s 7#$nc$7&'es 8e#c&d%s de dest$n% es C2$n&/ e #e*$st#) n $nc#e8ent% de '&s e7%#t&c$%nes de ,H ent#e e' , 3 e' ,-/ #es&'t) '& E85&=&d& de' Pe#4 en ese 7&s. S$n e85&#*%/ nest#% 7&s 8&nt$ene n& s$t&c$)n c%87et$t$>& 7&#& e' $n*#es% de este 7#%dct% & C2$n&/ de5$d% & e de n '&d% cent& c%n n 7#%t%c%'% s&n$t&#$%/ 3 de' %t#% c%n '%s 5ene($c$%s &#&nce'&#$%s *#&c$&s &' TLC >$*ente c%n d$c2% 7&s. E' &#&nce' n%#8&' es de 1/ 8$ent#&s e e' Pe#4 t$ene &cces% en e' 7#esente &0% &' /. Le*% se #edc$#9 1/ &n&' 2&st& ''e*&# &' n$>e' ce#% en e' ,1.L& 7#$nc$7&' >ent&n& de c%ns8% de >&s '& c%nst$t3e e' A0% Ne>% C2$n%/ e 7%# '% *ene#&' se ce'e5#& ent#e ($nes de ene#% 3 (e5#e#%. Pr*&%(* Ma+?* Es n% de '%s 7#%dct%s e se s8& &' &5&n$c% de %7c$%nes e t$ene e' Pe#4 7&#& 7%de# e7%#t&# t&nt% & J&7)n 3 &2%#& &' $n8ens% 8e#c&d% C2$n%. Res7ect% &' c%nt#%' de '& 8%sc& de '& (#t&/ dest&c& '& &ct$>$d&d de c&87% e e=ect& SENASA/ c%ns$ste en e' 8%n$t%#e% de '&s es7ec$es de 8%sc& de '& (#t&. T%d& '& #ed de t#&87e% 7e#tenece & n s$ste8& de *e%#e(e#enc$&c$)n.
Pr*&%(* Es& s8&#%n 1 8$''%nes de d)'&#es en e' ,1/ '% e #e7#esent) n& c&d& de .1 7%# c$ent% (#ente &' ,-/ 7e#% este &0% se #e*$st#&#& n& #ec7e#&c$)n de '%s en>%s &' ete#$%#.
1
F$n&'8ente/ 7&#& e' ,11 se 7#e> n& #ec7e#&c$)n/ d&d% e se es7e#&n 8e=%#es 7#ec$%s 7#%8ed$% de e7%#t&c$)n/ de5$d% & '& 8en%# %(e#t& 8nd$&' &nte '& #edcc$)n en '& 7#%dcc$)n de C2$n&.
CONCLUSIONES •
L& ec%n%8& c2$n& %(#ece en%#8es %7%#tn$d&des 7%# s t&8&0%/ c#ec$8$ent% 3 c%87'e8ent&#$ed&d & '&s ec%n%8&s '&t$n%&8e#$c&n&s/ 3 en 7&#t$c'&# & '& ec%n%8& 7e#&n&.
•
E' >%'8en de $n>e#s$%nes: N% #e('e=& t%d&>& e' 7%tenc$&' e$stente; se c%ncent#& c&s$ en s t%t&'$d&d en 8$ne#& 3;N% %(#ece n& &'te#n&t$>& &' c%8e#c$% de 5$enes e 7%d#& &'$>$&# 7#es$%nes 7#%tecc$%n$st&s.
•
E' TLC c%n C2$n& es n 7&s% $87%#t&nte 7&#& 7#%(nd$6&# '& $nte*#&c$)n e $87's&# '& d$>e#s$($c&c$)n de '&s e7%#t&c$%nes 7e#&n&s e $n>e#s$%nes c2$n&s.
1-
•
E' TLC de5e se# >$st% c%8% 7&#te de n& &*end& c%87'e8ent&#$& de 7%'t$c&s/ d%nde n$n*n& 7$e6& &$s'&d& t$ene c%nd$c$%nes de 8&$8$6&# '%s 5ene($c$%s 3 8$n$8$6&# '%s c%st%s de '& $nte*#&c$)n.
RECOMENDACIONES •
Ss 5ene($c$%s/ &ne s$*n$($c&t$>%s/ n% de5en se# s%5#est$8&d%s. L%s 8&3%#es 5ene($c$%s >end#9n & 8ed$&n% 3 '&#*% 7'&6%/ '%s c&'es >&n & e$*$# n c%nst&nte 8%n$t%#e%.
•
Es neces&#$% $87'e8ent&# 7%'t$c&s de Est&d% e t$end&n & 8e=%#&# '& c%87et$t$>$d&d de nest#&s e87#es&s en e' 8ed$&n% 3 '&#*% 7'&6%/ entend$end% 7%# e''% 7#$nc$7&'8ente '& #en%>&c$)n tecn%')*$c&/ 8e=%#& de '& $n(#&est#ct#& 7#%dct$>& 3 de c%8n$c&c$%nes/ c&7&c$t&c$)n de' #ec#s% 28&n%/ ent#e %t#%s &s7ect%s e 7e#8$t&n 5&=&# c%st%s & esc&'&. E''% #ednd en n 8e=%# escen&#$% 7&#& '& $ndst#$& n&c$%n&'/ n% s%'% 7&#& en(#ent&# '& (e#%6 c%87etenc$& de '%s 7#%dct%s c2$n%s/ s$n% t&85$n 7&#& &87'$&# nest#& %(e#t& e7%#t&5'e.
•
L&s $nst$tc$%nes $n>%'c#&d&s Ad8$n$st#&c$)n T#$5t&#$&/ INDECOPI/ MINCETUR/ *#e8$%s e87#es&#$&'es/ etc.K/ de5e#&n &d%7t&# '&s &cc$%nes neces&#$&s e $87$d&n e' $n*#es% de &e''%s 7#%dct%s c2$n%s e t#&ns*#eden '%s 7#$nc$7$%s de '& OMC 3 ''e*&n
&'
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s5>&'&c$%ness%5#e>&'&c$%nes % t#$&n*'&c$%nes.S$ est&s 7#9ct$c&s des'e&'es n% s%n ,
enc&#&d&s c%n '& de5$d& se>e#$d&d 3 s%sten$5$'$d&d en e' t$e87%/ '& $87'e8ent&c$)n de' TLC c%n C2$n& 7%d#& tene# n c%st% s%c$&' 5&st&nte &'t% 7&#& e' 7&s en t#8$n%s de dese87'e%/ c%n('$ct%s s%c$&'es 3 8&3%# 7%5#e6&. •
E' Pe#4 de5e &s7$#&# (nd&8ent&'8ente & c%'%c&# 7#%dct%s c%n 8&3%# >&'%# &*#e*&d% en n $n8ens% 8e#c&d% e c&d& >e6 89s $nc#e8ent& s 7%de# &d$s$t$>%/ 3 en e' c&' &4n tene8%s n tec2% 5&st&nte &'t% 7&#& 7%s$c$%n&# nest#%s 7#%dct%s.
E' des&(% c%ns$ste en '%*#&# n& #e'&c$)n e$t&t$>& ent#e &85%s 7&ses/ e s7e#e e' >$e=% ese8& de #e'&c$)n ent#e n& ec%n%8& 7#$8&#$%e7%#t&d%#& 3 n& n&c$)n $ndst#$&'$6&d&/ 3 e e$=& & C2$n& 'e&'t&d en s c%8e#c$% 5$'&te#&'/ 3 #es7%ns&5$'$d&d s%c$&' 3 8ed$%&85$ent&' en ss $n>e#s$%nes.
RE8ERENCIAS BIBLIOR!8ICAS 2tt7:de=&c%nt&#te.($'es.%#d7#ess.c%8,1Ht'c7e#c2$n&.7d( 2tt7:e5c&c2e.*%%*'ese#c%ntent.c%8se&#c2VWc&c2e:%GXN!n7nsYJ:.&nd$n&.c%8.7ees7&n%'N%t$c$&.&s7 F$dD5Cstc"#2cD%7%#tn$d&des ,Bt'c7e#c2$n&cdW2'WesctWc'nZ*'W7es%#ceW.*%%*'e.c%8.7e 2tt7:.#77.c%8.7edet&''e[1"H.2t8' 2tt7:1.7.ed.7e[d&t&5%'et$nn%t$c$&,-1,1""H"H[-,TLC,CNPERSe8PUCS&%P&'%K.7d( 2tt7:.8$ncet#.*%5.7enee5P%#t&'sc%8e#c$%t'c[c2$n&tet%[&ce#d%.2t8' 2tt7:.8$ncet#.*%5.7enee5P%#t&'sc%8e#c$%t'c[c2$n&7d(Pe#C2$n&,JFS,F$n&'[es7&n%'.7d( 2tt7:e5c&c2e.*%%*'ese#c%ntent.c%8se&#c2V Wc&c2e:\CCTe*M-O*J:.&n&'$t$c&.c%8>&$nte#n&c$%n&'es%7$n$%n,".&s7t'c7e#c2$n&: ,B5ene($c$%scdW12'WesctWc'nZ*'W7es%#ceW.*%%*'e.c%8.7e )((<5.'+/(%r.?*.
2tt7:e5c&c2e.*%%*'ese#c%ntent.c%8se&#c2VWc&c2e:[nT,<&>IsJ:.738e.7en%t$c$&s7e#H1e7%#t&c$%n de>&s&c2$n&32%n*Z%n*c#eceen ,H.2t8'e7%#t&c$%nde>&de7e#&c2$n&cdW"2'WesctWc'nZ*'W7es%#ceW.*%%*'e.c%8.7e 2tt7:e5c&c2e.*%%*'ese#c%ntent.c%8se&#c2V Wc&c2e:OJ$OT\2%G*J:e7%#t&c$%nesde'7e#.5'%*s7%t.c%8,11"es77&##&*%s8&$8$e7#e>e #ec7e#&c$%n.2t8'e7%#t&c$%ndees7&##&*%sde7e#&c2$n&cdW"2'WesctWc'nZ*'W7es%#ceW.*%%*'e. c%8.7e 2tt7:57&.7e#>.c%8d%c8ent%sP#%t%c%'%[8&n*%[C2$n&HB1HD.7d(
,1
