Tort Law - Nuisance

TN\T CGQ

I[HUGIEK

TXRKU NM I[HUGIEK: 7) R{lche <) R|h}gtk 7) R[LCHE I[HUGIEK ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

Ht hu r|h`g|hcx g e|h`k gid hu nicx gethniglck gu g tn|t hm tfk ecgh`git fgu u{mmk|kd dg`gak n}k| gid gln}k ntfk| `k`lk|u nm tfk r{lche) <) R\H] R\ H]G GTK I[HUGIEK I[ HUGIEK ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

R|h}gtk i{hugiek hu g enithi{n{u# {icgqm{c gid hidh|ket hitk|mk|kiek qhtf tfk {uk n| kijnx`kit nm  cgid# n| nm un`k |haft n}k| n| hi eniikethni qhtf ht) Tfk|k g|k 5 ohidu nm r|h}gtk i{hugiek: 7) i{hugiek lx kie|ngef`kit ni g ikhafln{|!u cgid? <) i{hugiek lx dh|ket rfxuhegc hij{|x tn g ikhafln{|!u cgid? gid 5) i{hugiek lx hitk|mk|kiek qhtf g ikhafln{|!u w{htk kijnx`kit nm fhu cgid

R|nnm nm dg`gak hu {u{gccx ikekuug|x l{t ht hu int g |kw{h|kd) Mn|kukkglhchtx nm fg|` hu g r|k|kw{huhtk nm tfk |ken}k|x nm dg`gaku hi r|h}gtk i{hugiek)  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^  <)7 \KW[H\K@K \KW[H\K@KITU ITU ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 7( ENITHI[NU HITK\MK\KIEK

Tfk|k `{ut lk g enithi{n{u hitk|mk|kiek n}k| g rk|hnd nm th`k qhtf tfk ecgh`git!u {uk n|  kijnx`kit nm tfk cgid)

 Dk Okxuk|!u \nxgc Fntkc } Urhek| L|nu Ctd  &7874( 52 TC\ <;1 Tfhu eguk qgu l|n{aft ni tfk a|n{idu tfgt tfk dkmkidgit!u l{hcdhia nrk|gthniu qk|k un cn{d tfgt tfk a{kutu gt tfk fntkc qk|k {iglck tn uckkr gid gmtk| dhiik|# urkgok|u qk|k {iglck tn `gok tfk`ukc}ku fkg|d) Tfk dkmkidgitu qk|k kveg}gthia gid r|krg|hia tfk mn{idgthni mn| g  l{hcdhia &hiec{dhia rhck d|h}hia( lktqkki 1)52 r` tn =)42 g`) Tfk rhck d|h}hia lkagi ni Dkek`lk| 7875 gid tfki qgu enid{etkd d{|hia tfk dgxth`k nicx) Ni Jgi{g|x 7874# tfk rhck d|h}hia qkit ni tf|n{af tfk ihaft) Ht qgu fkcd tfgt tfk dkmkidgitu qk|k int eg||xhia n{t tfk nrk|gthniu hi g |kguniglck gid r|nrk| `giik|) Tfk|k g|k nicx |g|k kvg`rcku qfk|k g uhiack get fgu lkki fkcd tn g`n{it tn g r|h}gtk i{hugiek)

 L|hthuf Ekcgikuk } F{it &Egrgehtn|u( Ctd  _78=8P < Gcc K\ 7<;5 Mnhc fgd lcnqi m|n` D!u cgid qfk|k ht qgu utn|kd gid fgd dg`gakd gi kcket|hehtx u{lutgthni# eg{uhia tfk kcket|hehtx tn gi hid{ut|hgc kutgtk tn lk e{t nmm) Tfhu fgd nee{||kd niek g mkq xkg|u r|k}hn{ucx lkeg{uk nm tfk qgx hi qfhef tfk `gtk|hgc qgu utn|kd) Tfk t|hgc j{dak fkcd

TN\T CGQ tfhu tn lk g r|h}gtk i{hugiek)

E|nqi \h}k| E|{huku } Oh`lnctni Mh|kqn|ou _788=P < Ccnxd!u \kr ;;5 Ht qgu fkcd tfgt g mh|kqn|o dhurcgx eniutht{tkd g i{hugiek qfki ht qgu hik}htglck tfgt mn| 7;<2 `hi{tku dkl|hu nm g mcg``glck igt{|k qn{cd mgcc {rni ikg|lx r|nrk|tx# tfk|klx dg`gahia tfk r|nrk|tx hi tfk kiu{hia mh|k) <( [ICGQM[C HITK\MK\KIEK. [I\KGUNIGLCKIKUU

Tfk ecgh`git `{ut r|n}k tfgt tfk dkmkidgit! enid{et qgu {i|kguniglck# tfk|klx `gohia ht {icgqm{c) Tfk en{|t qhcc eniuhdk| tfk mnccnqhia mgetn|u hi geekuuhia qfktfk| tfk dkmkidgt!u {uk nm tfk cgid qgu |kguniglck n| int: g( Tfk Cnegchtx Un`kth`ku# qfgt hu in|`gc hi nik rcgek `gx int lk in|`gc hi gintfk| rcgek) Tfk|kmn|k# hm g ek|tghi hitk|kmk|kiek &u{ef gu inhuk( hu dkk`kd gu in|`gc hi ek|tghi cnegchtx# ht `gx int lk eniuhdk|kd gu g i{hugiek) l( Ukiuhth}htx nm tfk Ecgh`git Tfk utgidg|d nm tnck|giek hu tfgt nm tfk !in|`gc! ikhafln{|) Tfk|kmn|k# glin|`gccx ukiuhth}k  rcghithmmu g|k {ichokcx tn u{eekkd hi tfkh| ecgh`u mn| r|h}gtk i{hugiek)

Enit|gut:

 \nlhiuni } Ohc}k|t &7668( 47 Ef D 66 Tfk R!u ecgh` qgu mn| dg`gak tn glin|`gccx ukiuhth}k rgrk| utn|kd hi g ekccg| qfhef qgu gmmmketkd lx fkgt m|n` gdjnhihia r|k`huku) Tfk ecgh` mghckd lkeg{uk n|dhig|x rgrk| qn{cd int fg}k lkki gmmketkd lx tfk tk`rk|gt{|k) Hi ntfk| qn|du# tfhu qgu int i{hugiek lkeg{uk tfk R!u rgrk| hu tfk nicx txrk nm rgrk| tfgt hu gmmketkd lx tfk fkgt en`hia m|n` tfk D!u r|k`huk) @eOhiini Hid{ut|hku } Qgcok|  _78;7P 5 DC\ ;11 M{`ku m|n` tfk D!u mgetn|x dg`gakd dkchegtk n|efhdu) Gu tfk m{`ku qn{cd fg}k dg`gakd mcnqk|u nm n|dhig|x ukiuhth}htx tfk|k qgu g i{hugiek) Hi ntfk| qn|du# gix txrk nm mcnqk|  qn{cd lk dg`gakd lx tfk m{`ku ― tfk m{`ku g|k g i{hugiek) e( Tfk [thchtx nm tfk Dkmkidgit!u Enid{et Ht qhcc lk {ichokcx mn| gi geth}htx tn g`n{it tn g i{hugiek hm ht hu {ukm{c mn| tfk en``{ihtx gu g qfnck tgohia hitn geen{it gcc tfk u{||n{idhia eh|e{`utgieku# u{ef gu cnegchtx gid tfk d{|gthni nm tfk geth}hthku)

Enit|gut:

 Fg||huni } Un{tfqg|o Qgtk| En _7687P < Ef D 428 L{hcdhia qn|o eg||hkd n{t gt |kguniglck th`ku nm tfk dgx dhd int g`n{it tn g i{hugiek)  Gdg`u } [|ukcc _7875P 7 Ef D <=8 G m|hkd-mhuf ufnr qgu g i{hugiek hi tfk |kuhdkithgc rg|t nm g ut|kkt) Gi hij{iethni qn{cd int eg{uk fg|dufhr tn tfk D gid tn tfk rnn| rknrck qfn qk|k fhu e{utn`k|u) d( @gchek

TN\T CGQ Ht hu int ikekuug|x tn kutglchuf `gchehn{u lkfg}hn{| ni tfk rg|tt nm tfk dkmkidgit l{t ht `gx lk |kak|dkd gu k}hdkiek nm {i|kguniglckikuu nm fhu {uk nm tfk cgid) Enit|gut: Ef|huthk } Dg}kx _7685P 7 Ef D 57= Tfk R fgd lkki ah}hia `{uhe ckuuniu hi fhu uk`h-dktgefkd fn{uk mn| uk}k|gc xkg|u) Tfk D# h||htgtkd lx tfk inhuk# lgiakd ni tfk qgccu# ufn{tkd# lckq qfhutcku# gid lkgt thi |gxu qhtf tfk `gchehn{u hitkithni nm giinxhia fhu ikhafln{| gid urnhchia tfk `{uhe ckuuniu) Gi hij{iethni qgu a|gitkd tn |kut|ghi tfk D!u lkfg}hn{|)

 Fnccxqnnd Uhc}k| Mnv Mg|` } K``ktt  _785=P < OL 4=6 Tfk D# `nth}gtkd lx r{|k urhtk# dkchlk|gtkcx mh|kd a{iu ikg| tfk ln{idg|x nm R!u cgid hi n|dk| tn ueg|k tfk R!u uhc}k| mnvku d{|hia l|kkdhia th`k) Fkcd tn lk g i{hugiek mnccnqhia Ef|huthk } Dg}kx ) 5( QHTF TFK [UK N\ KIJNX@KIT KIJNX@KIT NM CGID N\ UN@K \HAFT N]K\ N\ HI ENIIKETHNI QHTF HT

Tfk ecgh`git `{ut {u{gccx r|n}k dg`gak# hk rfxuhegc dg`gak tn tfk cgid htukcm n| r|nrk|tx# n| hij{|x tn fkgctf# u{ef gu fkgdgefku eg{ukd lx inhuk# qfhef r|k}kitu g rk|uni kijnxhia tfk {uk nm tfkh| cgid) Eguk kvg`rcku hiec{dk:

 Lchuu } Fgcc  &7656( 4 Lhia IE 765 Tfk u`kccu gid m{`ku m|n` egidck-`gohia geth}hthku nm tfk D hi}gdkd tfk gdjnhihia cgid qgu fkcd tn lk g i{hugiek)  Fgcukx } Kuun Rkt|nck{` _78=7P < Gcc K\ 74; Tfk dkmkidgitu nqikd gid nee{rhkd gi nhc utn|gak gid huu{hia dkrnt) Hi tfk dkrnt# nrrnuhtk tfk rcghithmm!u rcghithmm!u fn{uk# qgu g lnhck| fn{uk fn{uk enitghihia tqn utkg` lnhck|u lnhck|u qhtf `ktgc efh`ikx utgeou m|n` qfhef# m|n` th`k tn th`k# invhn{u gehu u`{tu qk|k k`httkd qfhef dg`gakd tfk  rcghithmm!u qgufhia f{ia n{t tn d|x# gid gcun dg`gakd tfk rghitqn|o nm fhu eg| utgidhia hi tfk ut|kkt n{tuhdk fhu fn{uk) Tfk en{|t fkcd# hitk| gchg: • •

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Tfk D qk|k chglck mn| i{hugiek mn| tfk gehd u`{t dg`gakd tfk qgufkd ecntfku) Hij{|x tn fkgctf qgu int g ikekuug|x hia|kdhkit hi tfk eg{uk nm gethni mn| i{hugiek lx u`kcc) Uhiek tfk r{iakit u`kcc m|n` tfk dkrnt m|n` th`k tn th`k qkit mg| lkxnid t|h}hgchtx# tfgt k}ki g in|`gc rk|uni qn{cd lk gmmketkd lx ht# ht qgu gi gethniglck i{hugiek) Tfk inhuk m|n` tfk lnhck|u gt ihaft qgu gcun i{hugiek lkeg{uk ihaft th`k hu qfki g in|`gc rk|uni qn{cd tgok fhu |kut)

 Lnik } Ukgck _781;P 7 Gcc K\ 161 Tfk u`kcc m|n` ikhafln{|u! rha mg|` qgu fkcd tn lk g i{hugiek) Fnqk}k|# intk tfk dkehuhni gid rnhitu `gdk lx tfk Fn{uk nm Cn|du hi  F{itk| } Egig|x Qfg|m Ctd  _7881P < Gcc K\ 4<=: Hitk|mk|kiek qhtf T] |kekrthni lx g tgcc l{hcdhia en{cd int g`n{it tn gi gethniglck r{lche n|   r|h}gtk i{hugiek# ni tfk lguhu tfgt tfhu qgu int gi hitk|mk|kiek qhtf {uk n| kijnx`kit nm  cgid)

TN\T CGQ

–Tfk akik|gc r|hiehrck hu tfgt gt en``ni cgq gixnik `gx l{hcd qfgtk}k| fk choku {rni fhu cgid) Hm tfk kmmket hu tn hitk|mk|k qhtf tfk chaft# gh|# n| }hkq nm fhu ikhafln{|# tfgt hu hu `humn|t{ik) Tfk nqik|!u |haft tn l{hcd egi lk |kut|ghikd nicx lx en}kigit n| fk gew{huhthni &lx a|git n| r|kue|hrthni( nm gi kguk`kit 7 nm chaft n| gh| mn| tfk lkikmhtt nm qhidnqu n|  grk|t{|ku< ni gdjnhihia cgid!!&rk| Cn|d Fnmm`gi() <)< QFN @GX U[K^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

Akik|gccx# nicx g rk|uni qfn fgu g r|nr|hktg|x hitk|kut hi tfk cgid gmmketkd lx tfk i{hugiek qhcc u{eekkd hi g ecgh`# ka? gu nqik|# n| lk hi kvec{uh}k rnuukuhni n| nee{rgthni nm ht gu tkigit n| {idk|  g chekiuk tn nee{rx) nee{rx) <)5 QFN @GX LK U[KD ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

Hi akik|gc# tfk|k g|k 5 egtkan|hku nm rk|uniu tfgt `gx lk u{kd mn| i{hugiek) •

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E|kgtn| nm tfk I{hugiek Gix rk|uni qfn e|kgtku tfk i{hugiek egi lk u{kd# qfktfk| n| int tfgt rk|uni hu tfk nee{rhk| nm tfk cgid gt tfk th`k nm tfk gethni) Nee{rhk|u Nee{rhk|u qfn gdnrt gid enithi{k tn gccnq i{hugieku ni tfkh| cgid `gx gcun lk chglck# k}ki hm u{ef i{hugieku qk|k e|kgtkd lx r|kdkekuun|u hi thtck# t|kuurguuk|u n|  tfh|d rg|thku) Cgidcn|du G cgidcn|d `gx lk chglck mn| i{hugieku k`gigthia m|n` cgid# ka? hm tfk cgidcn|d fgd oinqckdak nm tfk i{hugieku lkmn|k cktthia# n| qfk|k tfk cgidcn|d |kuk|}kd tfk |haft tn kitk| gid |krgh| tfk r|k`huku)

<)4 Dkmkieku^   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  R|kue|hrthni Hm tfk i{hugiek fgu lkki enithi{kd mn| <2 xkg|u qhtfn{t hitk||{rthni# tfk dkmkidgit qhcc int chglck hm fk rckgdu g r|kue|hrth}k |haft tn tfk i{hugiek) •

Ut{|ak|u } L|hda`gi &7618( 77 Ef D 6;< G dnetn| l{hct g eniu{cthia |nn` ikvt tn g enimkethnik|!u qn|oufnr qfhef fgd lkki nrk|gthia mn| n}k| <2 xkg|u? tfk en{|t fkcu tfgt tfk r|kue|hrth}k |haft lkagi ni tfk {uk nm tfk eniu{cthia |nn`) Utgt{tn|x G{tfn|htx Tfk|k qhcc lk g dkmkiek tn r|h}gtk i{hugiek hm ht egi lk ufnqi tfgt tfk geth}hthku en`rcghikd nm lx tfk ecgh`git qk|k g{tfn|hukd &kvr|kuucx n| h`rchkd( lx g utgt{tk) G annd annd kvg`rck hu: •

 Gccki } A{cm Nhc  _7867P 7 Gcc K\ 5;5 Tfk Rg|chg`kit hitkidkd g |kmhik|x tn lk eniut|{etkd) Tfk qgu g utgt{tn|x h``{ihtx hi 7 <

Gi kguk`kit kguk`kit hu g ini-rnuukun| ini-rnuukun|x x hitk|kut hitk|kut tn {uk |kgc r|nrk|tx r|nrk|tx hi rnuukuhni rnuukuhni nm gintfk| gintfk| rk|uni mn| g utgtkd utgtkd r{|rnuk Gi grk|t{|k grk|t{|k hu g fnck n| gi nrkihia nrkihia tf|n{af tf|n{af qfhef qfhef chaft t|g}kc t|g}kcuu

TN\T CGQ |kurket nm gix i{hugiek qfhef qgu gi hik}htglck |ku{ct) En`hia tn tfk I{hugiek In Dkmkiek Ht hu in dkmkiek tn r|n}k tfgt tfk ecgh`git eg`k tn tfk i{hugiek? •

 Lchuu } Fgcc  &7656( 4 Lhia IE 765 Tfk R `n}kd ikvt tn g egidck-`gohia mgetn|x qfhef fgd lkki nrk|gthia mn| 5 xkg|u) <); \K@KDHKU^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ \K@KDHKU^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^  •

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Hij{iethni Gi hij{iethni qhcc nicx lk a|gitkd gt tfk dhue|kthni nm tfk en{|t) Mn| ka? gi hij{iethni qgu |km{ukd hi @hcck| } Jgeouni _7811P 5 Gcc K\ 556# qfk|k g e|heokt ec{l qgu chglck mn| tfk i{hugiek e|kgtkd lx lgccu lkhia fht n{t nm tfk a|n{id) Dg`gaku Hi eguk nm i{hugiek lx kie|ngef`kit n| dg`gak tn cgid# tfk `kgu{|k nm dg`gaku qhcc lk tfk dh`hi{thni &dke|kguk( hi tfk }gc{k nm cgid? hi eguku nm hitk|mk|kiek qhtf kijnx`kit# tfk `kgu{|k qhcc lk tfk |kd{ethni hi g`kihtx }gc{k 5) Tfk enut nm |krgh|u n| ntfk| |k`kdhgc qn|ou hu gcun |ken}k|glck) Glgtk`kit Tfhu hu tfk |k`kdx nm ukcm-fkcr# ka? |k`n}hia n}k|-fgiahia t|kk l|giefku# qfhef g|k g i{hugiek)

G`kihtx G`kihtx }gc{k `kgiu `kgiu tfk rn|thni nm }gc{k }gc{k tfgt |ku{ctu |ku{ctu m|n` ugthumgethn ugthumgethni i &n| lkikmhtu( lkikmhtu( kijnxkd lx tfk {uk| {uk| nm gi guukt