Torre-de-enfriamiento

Torre de enfriamiento

INDICE

Página

 RESUMEN…………………………………………………..…………… 2  INTRODUCCION……………………………….……………………….. 3  PRINCIPIOS TEORICOS………………………………………..……..

4

EXPERIME NTALES……………………………………. ……………...  DETALLES EXPERIMENTALES………………………

11

TABLA DE DATOS DATOS Y RESULTADOS………… RESULTADOS……………………… ……………………. ……….  TABLA DISCUSI ON DE RESULTADOS……………… RESULTADOS……………………………… ……………………... ……...  DISCUSION

12 19

 CONCLUSIONES……………………………………………………….. 20  RECOMENDACIONES………………………………..………………..

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 BIBLIORA!IA…………………………………………………………

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 APENDICE………………………………………….……………………... 23

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RESUMEN

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INTRODUCCION

En "#$ %i&'('n)'$ *(#+'$#$ %' *(#%,++i-n a/ *,n)#$ 'n "#$ ,' '$ n'+'$a(i# '"iina( +a"#( $i'n%# '" ag,a '" &",i%# ,)i"ia%# 'n "a a/#(a %' "#$ +a$#$. E" +#n$,# *(#g('$i5# %' ag,a '" *('+i# +('+i'n)' / "a '$+a$' 'n a"g,n#$ +a$#$ a+#n$'6an '*"'a( +i(+,i)#$ +'((a%#$ %' ('&(ig'(a+i-n. La (',)i"ia+i-n %'" ag,a #7"iga a ,' 8$)a $'a 'n&(ia%a *a(a "# +,a" $' ,$an )#(('$ %' 'n&(iai'n)# '*"'an%# +## ('&(ig'(an)' '" ai('. La )#((' %' 'n&(iai'n)# %' +## &ina"i%a% %' 'n&(ia( ,na +#((i'n)' %' ag,a *#( 5a*#(ia+i-n *a(+ia" %' '$)a +#n '" +#n$ig,i'n)' in)'(+a7i# %' +a"#( $'n$i7"' / "a)'n)' +#n ,na +#((i'n)' %' ai(' $'+# / &(i# ,' +i(+,"a *#( '" i$# a*a(a)#. a"'n *a(a '$)' +a$# "a$ i$a$ ':*('$i#n'$ %'%,+i%a *a(a "#$ %'$,i%i&i+a+i#n'$ a,n,' "a )(an$&'('n+ia )i'n' ",ga( 'n %i('++i-n +#n)(a(ia *,'$)# ,' "a )#((' &,n+i#na +## ,n ,i%i&i+a%#( ,' +## ,n %'$,i&i+a%#( %'" ai('. U$,a"'n)' '$ ,na '$)(,+),(a *a('+i%a a ,n +a6-n %' a%'(a ,' )i'n' '$)(,+),(a in)'(na %'" i$# a)'(ia". La$ )#(('$ %' 'n&(iai'n)# $' '*"'an *a(a *#n'( 'n +#n)a+)# ag,a +a"i'n)' ,' *(#5i'n' %' "#$ $i$)'a$ %' 'n&(iai'n)# %' *(#+'$#$ +#n ai(' +#n '" *(#*-$i)# %' 'n&(ia( '" ag,a / *#%'( ,$a("a %' n,'5# 'n '" *(#+'$#. La &,n+i-n %' $, ('""'n# in)'(i#( '$ a,'n)a( "a $,*'(&i+i' %' +#n)a+)# 'n)(' '" ag,a / '" ai('. En "a *('$'n)' *(á+)i+a $' 7,$+a(a a""a( "a$ +an)i%a%'$ %' &",6# %' ai(' ni# a%'á$ %' "#$ +#'&i+i'n)'$ %' )(an$&'('n+ia %' a$a / "#$ +#'&i+i'n)'$ %' *'"+,"a 'n '" +#n)a+)# 'n)(' ai(' a)#$&8(i+# / ag,a %' *(#+'$#.

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PRINCIPIOS TEORICOS Torre de enfriamiento

E" ag,a 'n)i7ia%a *#( '" *a$# a )(a58$ %' in)'(+a7ia%#('$ %' +a"#( +#n%'n$a%#('$ / $ii"a('$ $' 'n&(a *#( +#n)a+)# +#n '" ai(' a)#$&8(i+# *a(a $'( ,)i"ia%a n,'5a'n)'. E" +a"#( "a)'n)' %'" ag,a '$ )an g(an%' ,' ,na +an)i%a% *',';a %' '5a*#(a+i-n *(#%,+' g(an%'$ '&'+)#$ %' 'n&(iai'n)#. La )#((' %' 'n&(iai'n)# '$ ,na in$)a"a+i-n 'n "a ,' $' *#n' 'n +#n)a+)# '" ag,a a 'n&(ia( +#n '" ai(' 'n +#n)(a+#((i'n)'. E" ai(' n# $a),(a%# 'n +#n)a+)# +#n '" ag,a )i'n%' a a,'n)a( $, ,'%a%< '" ag,a a" '5a*#(a($' )#a '" +a"#( "a)'n)' %' 5a*#(ia+i-n %' '""a i$a / *#( +#n$ig,i'n)' $' 'n&(a. Una )#((' %' ('&(ig'(a+i-n '$ ,n in)'(+a7ia%#( %' +a"#( %' )i*# '5a*#(a)i5# / +#n)a+)# %i('+)#. S' *(#%,+' *a$# %' +a"#( %' ,n &",i%# a #)(#< '" 'n&(iai'n)# =,n 90>? '$ %'7i%# a" in)'(+a7i# %' a$a 'n)(' "#$ %#$ &",i%#$ *#( '5a*#(a+i-n %' *a()' %'" ag,a. E" ag,a 'n)(a *#( "a *a()' $,*'(i#( %' "a )#(('. En $, in)'(i#( a/ ,n ('""'n# =)a7"i""a$ %' a%'(a *"á$)i+# &i7(a +''n)#? ,' '6#(a '" +#n)a+)# / &a5#('+' '" in)'(+a7i# %' a$a / +a"#(. O)(#$ +#*#n'n)'$ i*#()an)'$ %' ,na )#((' %' 'n&(iai'n)# $#n@

•

Si$)'a %' %i$)(i7,+i-n %'" ag,a *a(a ('*a()i( ,ni&#(''n)' '" ag,a +a"i'n)' $#7(' '"

•

('""'n#. S' '*"'an ),7'(a$ +#n )#7'(a$ %' *('$i-n *a(a *,"5'(ia( '" ag,a. S'*a(a%#( %' g#)a$ $i),a%# 'n+ia %' "a 'n)(a%a %' ag,a / an)'$ %' ,' "a +#((i'n)' %' ai('

• • •

a7an%#n' "a )#(('. E5i)an '" a((a$)(' %' g#)a$ %' ag,a &,'(a %' "a )#(('. Ba"$a$ *a(a "a ('+#gi%a %'" ag,a &(a. T#%# $#*#()a%# $#7(' '$)(,+),(a$ +#n$)(,i%a$ %' #(ig-n a(a%# "a%(i""#$ *#"i8$)'(.

Clasificación de torres de enfriamiento

La$ )#(('$ %' 'n&(iai'n)# $' +"a$i&i+an %' a+,'(%# +#n "#$ '%i#$ *#( "#$ ,' $' $,ini$)(a '" ai('. T#%a$ '*"'an i"'(a$ #(i#n)a"'$ %' '*a,' *a(a $,ini$)(a( g(an $,*'(&i+i' %' +#n)a+)# 'n)(' a" ai(' / '" ag,a.

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Torres de Circulación natural

Torres de Tiro mecánico

Atmosféricas: * No tienen ventiladores, el aire proviene de corrientes atmosféricas (viento! "No tienen relleno "Son torres m#$ vol#minosas Tiro natural: * El aire es s#ccionado por diferencias de densidad de aire entre %ase $ tope (como en c&imeneas ' efecto ent#ri! "Para )randes fl#*os de a)#as (centrales térmicas!

Tiro inducido@ E" ai(' +i(+,"a *'(*'n%i+,"a( a" &",6# %' ag,a. S#n %' 7a6a a"),(a. U$an ('""'n#$ +#*a+)#$. Tiro forzado: E" ai(' '$ &#(a%# *#( '" 5'n)i"a%#( ,' '$)á a7a6#. U$an ('""'n#$ +#*a+)#$. E" 5'n)i"a%#( *,'%' $'( a:ia" # +'n)(&,g# =,$,a"'n)'?.

Condiciones de proceso

La )'*'(a),(a nia a "a ,' '" ag,a *,'%' 'n&(ia($' 'n ,na )#((' %' 'n&(iai'n)# +#(('$*#n%' a "a )'*'(a),(a %' 7,"7# '%# %'" ai('. La %i&'('n+ia 'n)(' "a )'*'(a),(a %' ag,a a "a $a"i%a %' "a )#((' / "a )'*'(a),(a %' 7,"7# '%# $' ""aa a*(#:ia+i-n. Una %' "a$ +a(a+)'($)i+a$ #76')a7"'$ 'n "a$ )#(('$ %' 'n&(iai'n)# $' +#n#+' +## &#gging # *(#%,++i-n %' ni'7"a "# +,a" $' %a +,an%# '" ai(' +a"i'n)' $a),(a%# a "a $a"i%a %' "a )#((' $' %'$+a(ga 'n "a a)#$&'(a &(a / #+,((' +#n%'n$a+i-n. Conceptos )enerales +#medad molar o sat#racin molar. E$ "a ('"a+i-n 'n)(' "#$ n'(#$ %' #"'$ %' 5a*#( / %' ga$ +#n)'ni%#$ 'n ,na a$a ga$'#$a.

Ym =

nv n g =1?

+#medad a%sol#ta o sat#racin a%sol#ta. E$ "a ('"a+i-n 'n)(' '" *'$# %' 5a*#( / '" *'$# %' ga$ +#n)'ni%# 'n ,na a$a ga$'#$a.

Y =

Mv Mg

Ym =2?

Si'n%# M5 / Mg "a$ a$a$ #"'+,"a('$ %'" 5a*#( / %'" ga$.

P#nto de roc-o! E$ "a )'*'(a),(a ,' a"+ana "a a$a %' ga$ '%# 'n "a $a),(a+i-n *#( 'n&(iai'n)# a *('$i-n +#n$)an)'. Una 5' a"+ana%a '$)a )'*'(a),(a $i $' +#n)ina 'n&(ian%# "a '+"a $' i(á +#n%'n$an%# '" 5a*#( *'($i$)i'n%# "a$ +#n%i+i#n'$ %' $a),(a+i-n.

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!ig,(a N 2 Ln'a$ %' )'*'(a),(a %' *,n)# %' (#+#  C. Entalp-a especifica! E$ "a $,a %' +a"#( $'n$i7"' %' 1 g %' ga$ / '" +a"#( "a)'n)' %' 5a*#(ia+i-n %'" 5a*#( ,' +#n)i'n' a "a i$a )'*'(a),(a a "a ,' $' ('&i'('n "a$ 'n)a"*a$. Temperat#ra de .#l%o Seco!/ En *(i'( )8(in# )'n'#$ "a )'*'(a),(a %' 7,"7# $'+#. E$ "a )'*'(a),(a '%i%a +#n ,n )'(-')(# #(%ina(i#. E$)a '$+a"a '$ "a #(i#n)a" =a7$+i$a? 'n "a *a()' 7a6a %' "a +a()a.

Temperat#ra &0meda o temperat#ra de %#l%o &0medo

La )'*'(a),(a %'" )'(-')(# '%# '$ "a )'*'(a),(a %' n# ',i"i7(i# ,' *a(a '$)a%# '$)a+i#na(i# a"+ana ,na *',';a a$a %' ",i%# +,an%# $' 'n+,'n)(a $,'(gi%# 'n +#n%i+i#n'$ a%ia7á)i+a$ 'n ,na +#((i'n)' +#n)in,a %' ga$. La a$a %'" ",i%# '$ )an *',';a 'n +#*a(a+i-n +#n "a &a$' ga$'#$a ,' $#"a'n)' a/ ,na 5a(ia+i-n %'$*('+ia7"' %' "a$ *(#*i'%a%'$ %'" ga$ / '" '&'+)# %'" *(#+'$# '$)á ('$)(ingi%# a" ",i%#.

Calor espec-fico del )as &0medo! E$ '" +a"#( ,' a/ ,' $,ini$)(a( a 1 g %' ga$ / a" 5a*#( ,' +#n)i'n' *a(a '"'5a( 1C $, )'*'(a),(a an)'ni'n%# +#n$)an)' "a *('$i-n@ C1lc#los para operaciones de &#midificacin

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L2  5'"#+i%a% %' &",6# %'" "i,i%# ,' 'n)(a a "a +#",na *#( '" %## "7 #"F # #"F$. 1 5'"#+i%a% %' &",6# %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a ,' 'n)(a a "a +#",na "7 #"F # #"F$. G  5'"#+i%a% %' &",6# %'" ga$ H$'+# "7 #"F # #"F$. Y2  ('"a+i-n #"a( %' $#",)# a ga$ %i$#"5'n)' 'n '" %## %' "a +#",na. J1  'n)a"*ia %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a ,' 'n)(a a "a +#",na BTUF"7 #" %' ga$ H$'+# # KF#". JL2  'n)a"*ia %' "a &a$' ",i%a ,' 'n)(a a" %## %' "a +#",na BTUF"7 #" %' ",i%# # KF#".   +a"#( )(an$&'(i%# a "a +#",na %'$%' "#$ a"('%'%#('$ BTUF # KF$. TL T  )'*'(a),(a %' "a$ &a$'$ ",i%a / ga$'#$a ('$*'+)i5a'n)'. %  a"),(a %i&'('n+ia" %'" '*a,' %' "a +#",na &) # . A  $,*'(&i+i' in)'(&a+ia" &) 2 # 2. a  á('a %' "a in)'(&a$' &) 2F&)3 %' 5#",'n %' +#",na. S  $'++i-n )(an$5'($a" %' "a )#((' &) 2 # 2. E" 7a"an+' )#)a" %' a)'(ia *a(a ,na )#((' %' $'++i-n )(an$5'($a" +#n$)an)' '$ '" $ig,i'n)'@ L1

−

L2

=

V 1

−

V 2

Pa(a '" +#*#n'n)' +#n%'n$a7"'@

(

V L Y 2

−

Y 1

)

=

L2

−

L1

E" 7a"an+' %' 'n'(ga ('$,")a@

L2 H L 2 + V L H V 1 + q = L1 H L1 + V L H V 2

En "a a/#(a %' "#$ +a$#$ "a )#((' #*'(a 'n &#(a +a$i a%ia7á)i+a   0. La a*(#:ia+i-n a "a #*'(a+i-n a%ia7á)i+a $'(á a/#( a '%i%a ,' '" %iá')(# %' "a +#",na $'a á$ g(an%'. E" 7a"an+' *a(a '" +#*#n'n)' +#n%'n$a7"' ('$,")a

V L dY = dL E" 7a"an+' %' 'n)a"*ia +#(('$*#n%i'n)' '$

V L dH v = d ( LH L ) Si "a 5'"#+i%a% %' )(an$&'('n+ia %' $#",)# 'n)(' "a$ &a$'$ '$ 7a6a 'n +#*a(a+i-n +#n "a +#((i'n)' )#)a" %' &",6# $' *,'%' ,$a( ,n 5a"#( *(#'%i# %' L / '$ *#$i7"' ':*('$a( '" +a7i# %' 'n)a"*ia 'n "a &a$' ",i%a +## $i ('$,")a(a $#"a'n)' %'" +a7i# %' )'*'(a),(a a +a"#( '$*'+&i+# +#n$)an)'. P#( )an)#

d ( LH L ) = L prom c L dT L

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L pro m =

L1 + L2 2

Pa(a '" +a7i# %' 'n)a"*ia %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a "a ':*('$i-n 'n )8(in#$ %' )'*'(a),(a '$ (ig,(#$a +,an%# +  '$ +#n$)an)'.

V L dH v = V L d [ ch ( T v − To ) + Y λ o] = V L ch dT v + V L λ odY

Pa(a "a )(an$&'('n+ia %' +a"#( %' "a &a$' "i,i%a

L prom S

c L dT L = h L a ( T L − T i ) dz

D#n%' Ti  )'*'(a),(a in)'(&a+ia" ! C. Pa(a "a )(an$&'('n+ia %' +a"#( $'n$i7"' %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a

V L S

ch dT v = hc a( T i − T v ) dz

/ *a(a "a )(an$&'('n+ia %' +a"#( "a)'n)' %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a

V L S

=λ o?dY = =λ o?k Y a( Y 1 − Y ) dz

D#n%' Y1  ('"a+i-n #"a( %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a %' $#",)# a %i$#"5'n)' 'n "a in)'(&a$'.  Y  +#n$)an)' %' )(an$&'('n+ia %' a$a  # +a"#( "a)'n)' Ec#aciones de dise2o

La$ $ig,i'n)'$ '+,a+i#n'$ ('"a+i#nan "#$ +a7i#$ %' )'*'(a),(a / ,'%a% #"a" %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a +#n "a$ 5'"#+i%a%'$ %' )(an$&'('n+ia %' a$a a+ia # %'$%' "a &a$' ga$'#$a.

H V 2 − H V 1 T L 2 − T L1

=

L prom c L V L

E$)a '+,a+i-n %a "a i$a *'n%i'n)' %' "a "n'a %' #*'(a+i-n J  +#n)(a TL ,' L *(#+LFG. La $ig,i'n)' &ig,(a ,'$)(a ,n# %' '$)#$ %iag(aa$ *a(a ,na #*'(a+i-n %' ,i%i&i+a+i-n.

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La "n'a ABC '$ "a "n'a %' #*'(a+i-n ,' +#n)i'n' )#%#$ "#$ 5a"#('$ %' J  +#(('$*#n%i'n)'$ a "a )'*'(a),(a %'" ",i%# a )(a58$ %' "a +#",na. Ta7i8n $' *,'%' #7)'n'( '$)a "n'a +#n#+i'n%# "a$ %#$ +#n%i+i#n'$ ':)('a$ =T L1 J1? / =T L2 J2? # a *a()i( %' +,a",i'(a %' '$)#$ %#$ *,n)#$ / "a *'n%i'n)' =L *(#+LFG?. Una "n'a %' ,ni-n ,' '*i'a 'n '" *,n)# B / )i'n' ,na *'n%i'n)' ig,a" a LaF Ya in)'(+'*)a(a "a +,(5a %' ',i"i7(i# 'n "a$ +#n%i+i#n'$ in)'(&a+ia"'$ +#(('$*#n%i'n)'$ 'n '" *,n)# B. E" *,n)# 1 ('*('$'n)a "a$ +#n%i+i#n'$ 'n "a in)'(&a$'. Coeficientes totales

E" ,$# %' "#$ +#'&i+i'n)' g"#7a"'$ %' )(an$&'('n+ia %' a$a n# %i$)ing,' 'n)(' '" 'n&(iai'n)# *#( +#n5'++i-n / *#( '5a*#(a+i-n %'" ",i%# / n# *'(i)' '" +á"+,"# %' "a ,'%a% / )'*'(a),(a %' 7,"7# $'+# %'" ai(' +a"i'n)'. P#( "# g'n'(a" '" ai(' '$)a(á +a$i $a),(a%#< *,'%' $,*#n'($' ,' "# '$)á +#n '" &in %' +a"+,"a( "a$ n'+'$i%a%'$ *a(a "a +#*'n$a+i-n. L#$ +a7i#$ %' "a )'*'(a),(a  ,'%a% %'" ai(' $,&('n +,an%# *a$a a )(a58$ %' "a )#((' $' *,'%' +a"+,"a( *#( 8)#%# g(a&i+# J ='n)a"*ia %' "a '+"a ga$5a*#(Fa$a %' ai(' $'+#? 5$ T =)'*'(a),(a %'" ",i%#?. Si "a ('$i$)'n+ia %' "a &a$' "i,i%a a "a )(an$&'('n+ia %' +a"#( '$ ,/ *',';a 'n +#*a(a+i-n +#n "a ('$i$)'n+ia %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a a "a )(an$&'('n+ia %' a$a "a )'*'(a),(a ('a" %' "a in)'(&a$' $' a+'(+a(a a "a )'*'(a),(a g"#7a" %'" ",i%#. La *'n%i'n)'  LaF Ya )i'n%' a Q / '" *,n)# I %' "a &ig,(a an)'(i#( $' a*(#:ia a" ',i5a"'n)' %'" ',i"i7(i# %' B ,7i+a%# 'n '" *,n)# D.

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 N'(# %' ,ni%a%'$ %' %i&,$i-n

c L dT

∫ ( H − H

nd =

i

V

)

= k Y a

Z L

D-n%'@ CL 1 *a(a '" ag,a  a"),(a %' "a )#((' =? L  5'"#+i%a% *(#'%i# %'" ",i%# "7 #"F # #"F$.  N'(# %' ,ni%a%'$ %' )(an$&'('n+ia

nt =

dH

∫ ( H − H i

V

)

= = k Y a?

Z G s L

Determinacin de la temperat#ra )lo%al de la fase )aseosa

Pa(a %')'(ina( "a g(á&i+a %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a Mi+"'/ %'$a((#""# ,n 8)#%# g(á&i+#. Di5i%i'n%# "a '+,a+i-n@

V L S

ch dT v = hc a( T i − T v ) dz

En)('@

V L S

dH V = k Y a( H i − H V ) dz

S' #7)i'n'@

V L c h dT V V L dH V

=

hc a( T i − T v ) dz k Y a ( H i − H V ) dz

P#( "a ('"a+i-n %' L'i$  +aF Ya+  1 / 'n +#n$'+,'n+ia

dT V dH V

=

T i − T V H i − H V

≈

∆T V ∆ H V

Si $' +#n#+'n "a$ +#n%i+i#n'$ %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a 'n +a%a ':)('# %' "a +#",na '$ *#$i7"' ,$a( ,n 8)#%# %' ')a*a$ *a(a )(aa( "a +,(5a %' "a$ +#n%i+i#n'$ %' "a &a$' ga$'#$a a )(a58$ %' "a )#(('.

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DET344ES E5PERIMENT34ES

Ma)'(ia"'$       

T'(-')(#$ P$i+-')(# Cin)a 8)(i+a # J,in+a T#((' %' 'n&(iai'n)# Ca"%'(a In)'(+a7ia%#( %' +a"#( P(#7')a$

P(#+'%ii'n)# E:*'(i'n)a"

Poner en funcionamiento el equio !e tran"ferencia !e calor #cal!ero e intercam$ia!or !e calor% que e" la fuente !el agua caliente ara la oeraci&n

'on el rotámetro regular el cau!al !el agua caliente ara el (u)o !e 20* 40 + 70 ,MP

-ncen!er el .entila!or con una frecuencia !e 30 / + luego a 40 /

1omar !ato" !e la" temeratura" a la entra!a + "ali!a !el agua

1omar !ato" !e temeratura !el $ul$o me!o + "eco ara el aire me!o a la entra!a + "ali!a !e la torre #5eetir lo mi"mo ara ca!a cau!al + ara la" !o" frecencia" tra)a!a"%

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T3.43S 6 RESU4T3DOS

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DISCUSIONES DE RESU4T3DOS

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CONC4USIONES

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RECOMEND3CIONES  Pa(a )#a( '%i%a %' "a )'*'(a),(a an)' '" +a7i' %' "a &('+,'n+ia $' ('+#i'n%a

'$*'(a( a ,' '" $i$)'a '$)a7i"i+' *#( ,n "a*$# %'  a 10 in,)#$.

R'5i$a( +#n$)an)''n)' ,' "a &('+,'n+ia n# 5a(i8 a" )#a( "a$ '%i%a$ +#(('$*#n%i'n)'$. C,an%# $' )#a '%i%a +#n '" *$i+-')(# $#7(' "a )'*'(a),(a %' 7,"7# '%# / $'+# $' gi(a '$)' in$)(,'n)# %' an'(a +#n$)an)' $in %')'n'($' *#( ,n "a*$# %' 4 in,)#$.

.I.4IO7R38I3 4i%ros  O*'(a+i-n %' )(an$&'('n+ia %' a$a < R#7'() E. T('/7a" 2

%a

'%i+i-n Ca*i),"#@ O*'(a+i#n'$

%' ,i%i&i+a+i-n =*ag@242V2?  W M+Ca7' . Si) K. / Ja((i#)) P. HO*'(a+i#n'$ ,ni)a(ia$ 'n Ing'ni'(a ,i+a. E%i)#(ia" M+ (a Ji"". M8:i+# 1.99V. C,a()a '%i+i-n. Pág. ZVV4. P1)inas 9e%  ))*@FF.&((#.,)n.'%,.a(F('*#$i)#(i#F+a)'%(a$F,ii+aF3[ani#Fin)'g(a+i#n3FT#(('$[%'['n&(

iai'n)#.*%&  ))*@FF.+i7.'$*#".'%,.'+FDigi*a)FD[T'$i$[PD!FD39Z4.*%&

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3PENDICE

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Torre-de-enfriamiento

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