ABSTRACT
This experiment is to determine the heat transferred by using two different materials which is plastic and asbestos. The experiment was conducted by using steam and without steam. The time was recorded approximately 10 minutes and the mass of the water in the beaker from the melted melted ice was calculated calculated to determine determine the heat heat transfer transferred. red. The diameter diameter of the ice was measured before and after the experiment and the thickness of each sample materials were calculated. The thermal conductivity, k was measured using the following equation: k
Qh/A
T
t
The value of k for the asbestos is higher than the plastic.
INTRODUCTION
There are three ways that heat can be transferred from one point to another point which are conduction, convection and radiation. !ach way can be analy"ed by their own mathematical relationship. #y using the T$%&''( )team *enerator, the rate of thermal conduction can be investigated through common materials used in building construction. The equation giving the amount of heat conducted through a material is: Q=kA
+n this equation,
T
t/h
Q is the total heat energy conducted, conducted, A is the area through which conduction
takes place, T is the temperature difference between the sides of the material, t is the time during during which which the conduction conduction occurred occurred and h is the thickness of the material. The remaining term, k, is the thermal conductivity of a given material. The units for k depend upon the units used to measure the other quantities involved.
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OBJECTIVE •
•
The obective or aim for this experiment was to determine and compare the thermal conductivity of samples material. -e.g. plastic and asbestos To determine the effect of thickness, area and temperature differences towards the value of thermal conductivity.
THEORY
/eat conduction takes place from one point to another point. /eat energy will flow from the region of higher temperature to region of lower temperature. The equation giving the amount of heat conducted through a material is: Q=kA
+n this equation,
T
t/h
Q is the total heat energy conducted, A is the area through which conduction
takes place, T is the temperature difference between the sides of the material, t is the time during which the conduction occurred and h is the thickness of the material. The remaining term, k, is the thermal conductivity of a given material. The units for k depend upon the units used to measure the other quantities involved. The value of thermal conductivity, k is given by the relation: k
Qh/A
T
t
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APPARATUS •
• • •
• •
)team generator that will deliver approximately 10 gramsminute -e.g., 2)345) 6odel T$%&''( )team *enerator. 7ree"er 3ontainer to collect melted ice -a paper cup is fine. *ram balance to weight collected water. -The water collected in a graduated flask, but the results will be less accurate 3ontainer to collect condensed steam. *rease such as petroleum elly -89aseline.
FIGURE 6.1 Experimental Setup 1
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METHODOLOGY / PROCEDURES
1. The ice mold was filled with water and it was fro"en. $o not free"e water with lid on ar. -2 few drops of a non%sudsing detergent was poured in the water before free"ing. This will help the water to flow more freely as it melts and will significantly effect the results ;. The ar was run under warm water to loosen the ice in the mold. <. The thickness of the sample material was measured and recorded. =. The sample material was mounted onto the steam chamber as shown in 7igure (.1. '. The diameter of the ice block was measured. The value was recorded as d . The ice was placed on top of the sample as shown in 7igure (.1. $o not remove the ice but make sure that the ice can move freely in the mold. The open end of the mold was placed against the sample, and the ice was let to slide out as the experiment proceeds. (. The ice was let to sit for several minutes so it begins to melt and comes in full contact with the sample.-$on5t begin taking data before the ice begins to melt, because it may be at a lower temperature than 0 °3 >. The data was obtained for determining the ambient melting rate of the ice, as follows: a. The mass of a small container used for collecting the melted ice was determined and it was recorded. b. The melting ice in the container for a measured time, ta -approximately 10 minutes was collected. c. The mass of the container plus water was determine and it was recorded. d. The first measured mass was subtracted from the second to determine ma, the mass of the melted ice. &. The steam was run into steam chamber. The steam was let to run for several minutes until temperature stabili"e so that the heat flow is steady. -2 container was placed under the drain spout of the steam chamber to collect the water that escapes from the chamber ?. The cup used for collecting the melted ice was emptied. )tep > was repeated, but this time with the steam running into the chamber. 2s before, the mass of the melted ice was measured and recorded, m and t , time during which ice melted -'%10 minutes 10. The diameter of the ice block was remeasured and the value was recorded as d . 1
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