The Oxford Reverse Dictionary

The Oxod  Oxod  Rvrs Dictionay

Te Oxford Rvse Ditiony Comld  Dv En

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OXOR VRST puss

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  8  6 5 4 3   ypeset in Nimrod and a nd Arial by nteractive Sciences Science s Limited, Gloucester Printed Printed in Great Bitai by acKays of Chatham Chatham, Kent

. .. .. .  .. . . . . . .  . . . . .  . .   . . . . . .. . .  . ..   .    .. . . ..  . .  .  .. . . .  . . .  . . . .  .. . .  . .. .   ... .. .  .. . .    . .  . . .

Introduction   . .. .. .. ..  . . . .  .. .. .. . .  . . . .    . . . . .  . . . .  . . . . . . .. .  . .. .. .. .. . .  .   . . .   .  . . . . . . . . . .

We a hve words 'on he ip of our ongue ong ue nd we  know know how ho w hrd such words oen re o cox bck ino consciosness nd how bd our speech or wriing wil ook wihou hem "h bi of he wa h urns ino he window cn never really repce reveal wihou he decoror hinking us   foo n "he sor of mgisre who conducs inquiries inquiries ino he cuses of someones deh is no subsiue for indeed no oher erm cn be This dicionry is designed o sove hese probems quicky nd ecien grouping he ongueip erms under heir key conceps so  corner wil be  g, reveal  w, nd kriegspiel  boh w nd  found in he ricle g,

g

The Oxford Revrse Dictionary wil guide you o he sndrd erms for hings mos peope hve herd o i is no n Engisherners dicionr nor wil i hep you o ierry or rchic words or o sng; coloquialisms re offered only where sndrd speech offers no workbe subsiue. The cbine minis ers ongueip hs of course  differen popuion from he schooboys nd he diversiy of he 31,000 ised iems kes his ino ccoun bu words from speciis speciis vocburies hve been been omied s hve core vocbury words w ords such  family which re usuay immediey vibe o ny nive s dog nd  family speker. Iems shring key concep wil be found s enries wihin he rice devoed opiary, spudder, nd trug wi all be found in he o h concep (so enries for opiary, rice gg, nd iems shring  singe deniion (such s agen nd reprentative, or  symposium nd  clloquium) re nesed ogeher in  singe enry wihin he pproprie pproprie concep rice Such nesed iems re reed in sense bu no necessriy inerchngebe hey re ised alphbeic nd ny iem moved o he bck of such  is my be considered n ierior mch Arices re rrnged in  singe phbeic sequence hrough he dicion r Wihin ech rice enries re rrnged phbecy where h is possibe or in n pproprie senseprogression such s ifedeh opbo om edesrgesyoungessmles here is so  gener endency o move o from core core iems o hose h re more peripher o he h e senses of he

arice headword. Each entry is glossed in he briefes possibe way consisen wih clariy-he user aready knw wha he ongueip erm means, and so only needs a poiner, no an exhausve deniion. Where any exis, sufxes or prexes bearing h basic meaning of he arice headword are ised nex afer i (for exampe, -we afer  ogeher (uless one is found esewhere in he aricle) wih an exampe of heir use: hey may serve as a spur o recoecion of many furher erms semanicay reaed o he opic reaed in he arice bu no no  specicaly menioned in i, or assis users in correcy coining heir own m jue where none is shown/ exiss. Simiay, adjecives relaed o he aricle hedword in meaning bu no in appearance (for exampe denal a ) or whose formaion may presen oher cuies if imperfecy remembered, are lised a he beginning of he aricle. Iem puras are aso given when irregula b no where a reguay  formed plura pl ura of equal currency exiss. Dicionarywriing is a enghy and loney process and I am graefu o many people for hep and encouragemen along he road A specia acknowledge men is due o Parick Hanks for deaied advice during he earlier sages of he projec, and o Kae Wandess for smoohing he bumpy road of auhorpubisher reaions Thanks Thank s are ar e also due o Dr Adrian Young for inor maion on medical erms, Tim Parry for claricaion of some psychiaric psychiaric con ceps and Aasdai Coss fo ega deniions The ypescip beneed a a lae sage from a horough read conduced by Lucinda Covenr DJE

Abeviatios a.m. fe  pl.

..

sp



 m

M

NHS p

RF

RC

U

US,USA VU 19th-c.

 bor noon  mnn plual  or xampl spcily klomt(s)  mt(s) Mmbr o Palamnt Natonal Halth Srvc ar noon Ryal Ar Foc Roman Catholc Untd Kngdo Untd Stats (o Amca) vsual dsplay unt  nntnth-cntury (and so on)

  CAROLNE MARY FRASER  

Aa aanme  bnonment of  leg clim aver  bnonmen  of eigious o poitic heence apostasy  eson bnoning such heence apostate, turncoat  . djecte abbatal . feme bbot abbess  bbot's ssistnt por  bbes's ssistnt poess aeviain  bbevition ponounce s  sting of lettes nal sm  bbevition ponoce s  wo aconym • bbevite tite of  bok o ocument sort ttle b bevite esion of  sttement o ocumen precs resum, summary

amen . djectes coelac ven ral  sevee bomnl pn cuse

by wn o intestn obstuction colc . stessssocite bominl pin ith ihoe o constiption rrable boel syndrome  beoptic inspection of the bomen laparoscopy  incision into the b omen laparotomy  memne n ing th bomin cvity pertonum  nmmton of the eitoneum

pertontis Aen  djecte Aberdonan al  cbi  able, ble uble  equte bty procency

 peson

with eception bilities genus, prodgy  emonstte one's bities prove oneself

Argial  Aboigin club nula nulla addy .Aboiginl nce ceemony corroboree  Aboignl meicine mn koradj .Aboign howing stick boomerang . Aboignl wn nstent ddg erdoo  ln set sie fo Aboignl settlment reservaton

arin • voctng botion prococe . epectng botion prolfe, rgttolfe . stt n botion tcilly nduce . g cusing botion abortfacent au . cb s crcum rumambent per  erm eter . bout to hppen mmnent, mpndng ave • cbi s ep .. eermis over  rhan super  suesruture supra. suamudane sur  sur real

arasive  bsive powe emery ara • eson livng bo mg r exle, expatrate  one o egistee bo offsore • sell bo export asne  bsence without pemission Frenc leave  bsence fom schoo without pemission truacy • pemission to be aben leave ur loug  gnt of bief bsence fom school exeat  peson who is bsent absentee • employees sttement tht his bsence ws ue to ilness selfcertcaton  in bsence n

absenta asriy  bsu misepesenttion travesty  seemingy bsu but n fct tue sttement oxymoron, paradox  oof of  sttements flsity by emonsttng the bsuity of is logic consequences reducto ad

absurdum aaemi . cemic conence colloquum symposum . cemc • cemic hesis dssertaton essy dssertaton, paper memo

I act 2                  es s academiC dr

aaem ess • acaemc hat onnet, motaroad, squae • acaemic cloak: gon • coloure heacovering worn over the back of a gown ood .hoo tail ppe • ark lothing worn wih acaemic ress subusc

aent • East Lonon accent Cock ney • Irish accent rogue • Northumbean accent ur • outh ast Englan accent Etuary Engs

 actors

sham

rustic

accent

Mmmerset aept • generally accete or believe receved ammatn • available accommoation vacancy  acommo-

ation unit that is art of a larger buling lat, masonete • stable blocks converte to accommoation units mes  enoting accommoa tin with its own kitchen an athroom secontaned .enoting ac commoation available as art of a work contract ted • institution offering basic accommoation oste • warene accommoation for the elerly or anicae setered

ousng ant . account showing th as-

sets liabilities an caital of a business at a articular oint in time aance seet • enoting a balance shee showing no ebts ungeaed • temorary account for items awaiting nal aocation suspense ac count • account to which creit urchases may be charge cage account  ocial eamination of ac counts audt . accountin ecor of money receive cedt acconting recor of money sent or owe de  accounting system with each item entere both as a creit an as a ebit doue entry . fference between ebis an creits in an acount ance • accounting ite reecte by the auitor an reayable by those re sonsible surcarge • aconbook

for the current ay's transactions dayook, journa  • accountbook for minor transacions cas book . large book in which nancia accounts are written u edger • ener an item in a leger post . make one accont consistent with another reconce .comarison of totals rom a   ouble entry account tra bance • money coming into an account ecept . erson assembling an re coring nancial ata bookkeeper • erson recoring or verfying nan cial ata accounant • prearation of nancial ata to ai managemen ecisions management accountng  analysis of oerational costs cost ccountng . British govenmen's general account at the Bank of ng lan Conoldated Fund .con siere account or legal or ulicity use statement

 counteraccusation asatn recmnton aheve • achieve y skil or evi ousness contve • best achievement record • ast achievements record, track ecod a .ye inicating aciity tmus aqantane  nlential ac quaintance connecton • helful acquaintance contact aat • acrobat erfoming on a tightoe reaker • acrobat's tights maot • acrobat's air of long oles with foot suorts stts • swinging bar u se by acobats trap eze . acrobatic stunts on the wings of an airborne airraft n a  ass . c  da, tans (.. ransalan • measurement taken across a circle dameter at • aring act escapade, stunt • llegal ac cme, oence • kin or helful acts ces, good oces . ac without rearation mprovse • ac on anoher's behalf eesent • erson acting on behalf of anothe r

ai I add

3

agent, representative • sudden urge to act impulse • repeatedly perform ng the same act(s) serial aing • b  pro 

rnun • person actng for an ab sent docor locum .person actng for a monarch who is absent or incap acitated regent .actng without forethought impetuous ain cb ation  hstatn ence  rfrn tion, ure  lsur • action done in auomatic response to a stus relex • action done purely for ap pearance gesture, indo dressing • action consistng of spoken or wit ten words iocution • established series of actions procedure, process, routine • feedom f action carte blance, free and • abity to take independent action initiative • n capable of eective ction eete .still requirng action: outstanding • out of action ors de combat aivy • b  ery  arhry ism  xrsm .recre ational activity obby, pastime, pursuit • menial or borng activity drudgery • pointess cycle of activ ities merrygoround ar • djectve istrionic .ex perienced actor trouper • actor who overacts am • actor in a folk lay: mummer • actor who performs n si lence mime .actor takng a prnci pal role: leading lady, leading man • actor taking mnor roles bit player • acto apeang only in cowd scenes extra, fgurant .acto who  has prepared another actor's role, n order to replace hm or her  neces sary nderstudy • sadonic term for actor Tespian • group of actors playing togehe ensemble • acto participatng in a peformance cast • actos pat role • actos ty-out for a role audition • actor's make-up greasepaint • actor's leshcoloured tights esings .actor's dressng-

room assstant dresser • actor's pre peformance neves stage rigt • actor's arrval on stage entrance • actor's signal to speak cue • ac tor's log speech monologue .actor's speech when alone on stage solioquy • acors words not n tended to be heard by others on stage aside • actors words made up on the spur of the moment adlib • actor's mistake n speakng flu • actors loud whisper stage isper • acts sham utic accent Mummerset • actor's movements gestues, etc business .plan of an actors movements blocking • actor's departure om he stage exit • actors' backstage rest room green room • acto's etun o the stage to acknowledge applause cutain call • nose made by actors simu latng ndistnct conversaion rubarb • denotng an actor who has learnt his or her role completely: ordpect • denoting an actor dressed as a member of the opposite sex en travesti • tedency o oer an actor roles of a type n which he or she  has aeady been suucessful typecasting • play for one actor mono drama .scene for two acors duologue .(of an actor) foget one's lines durng a peformance dry • re mnd an actor what he or she must say prompt .actng techniue en couaging emotional identcation with the characer portrayed te Metod, metod acting • troupe of actors presentng seveal plays at the same venue n the course of a season repertory company • euphemism deoting an unemployed actor rest-

ing auprssur

.Japanese acupres sure therapy siatsu • spot where pressure is applied acupoint a • extra section added at the end of a book appendix • add somehig

 ot pt o the iginl design retro-

t ai

• cb  hoc ( wrkah  ddicts ah

phsed bndonment o ddictive drugs: thdraa • ddicts instnt abandonmen  addictive drug cod turkey .m tetment o ddicts: tough ove • cle n ddicts bdy o dug esidues detoxfy atin . cb e ( ehenmenn .ddition to  book etc: addendum aendx, sueent • ddition to  building annex, annexe extnson .dditn to  collection accesson • ddition to  document annex schedue, rder • specil ddition to  pice  py ment: reu, surcharge • ddition to wll: codc aess • ddess used s  collectingpoint o mil: accoo daton address • ddess o  letter to be le t  post oce unil clled o: oste restante ahesve • synthetic esin used in pints nd desives: oyurethane .jon with dhesves: bond ajeive • chcteizing djec tive ethet • denting an djective tht pecedes its nun: attrbutve • denoing n djective tht s plced te the veb redcatve, ostos-

tve ajust • djust  mechnism regu ate set • mke smll ustments nesse, netune, ttvate • thin stip o mteil used to mke n eact t: sh amiatn • uncitcl dmi tion aduaon • object o dmition: cynosure • deseving dmi ion coendae este

audae raseorthy amssn • dmission itu: n aton • univesity dmissin ceemony: atrcuao • ig o d mission: entre, entry

aesene • dolescent love: ca ove • peiod in which dolescents ech seul mtuity: uerty

• skin

disese o dolescents with blck pustules: acne

• age

aut

t which dulthod is

eched! maorty cong of age • suitble o chlden nd dults:

amy autey

• mn whse we hs com mitted adultey: cuckod • med wmns mle love: ccsbeo  con-

doned dulteous retionship: mnage tos (. mnaes rS • peson lleged in  divoce cse to hve committed dultey: resondent • person lleged n  divoce cse t hve cmmitted dultey wth the respndent: coresondent





avane .dvnce pyment: ante

• performance

in dvnce o ocil opening: reve • dvnce public tin: rent

avantage • dvntge grnted to ew rvege • tke uair dvn tge o: exot • use o vius ploy t gin psychlgicl dvntge over nes ivls: gamesmansh

avetisement

• dvertisement

mking eggeted clims u • dvetisement discediting ivl poducts: knockng coy • dvetise ments shown between televisin pogmmes: sot adverts ng .peliminy dvertisement not naming the podct teaser • dvetisement wit ten by an aircraft smke trail skyrtng .ctchphse used in n d vetisement: sogan • simple tune used in n dvetisement: nge • d  vetisements quottion o  supposedly imptil nd unsolicited commendtion o te item adverised eson .lge bod o disply dvetisemens hordng • pir o dvetisemen brd linked by shul de sps sndh oards • sma hndb yer .pomotonl mte

5 l on the outsde o pckgng etc: outset • ppence o n dvetsement n  nesppe etc: serto .nesppe dvetsement pesented s edtol mtel: advertora .smll nesppe dvetsements gouped by topc cassfed advertsemets • dvetsng cmpgn: romoto • postl dvetsng cm· pgn: ma Ishot • unsolcted dvetsng sent by post: juk ma • dvetsng usn mges o sounds not egsteed by the conscious bn: subma advertsg .dvetse· sublmnl menng: ments meta message • peson ho tes the text o dvetsements: coyrter .peson ho stcks up unuthozed dvetsements: fyoster  ee  ubcty

avise • espected sonl d vse: gur, metor • poessonl dvse cosutat • goup nomnlly dvsng the soveegn: rvy Couc • gou o expets esech· ng specc govenment poblems: thk tak • nuentl but unocl dvses t  peson n uthoty ktche cabet .peson sevng s  mouthpece o dvne dvce or

ace, rohet aeia .hozontl od el: doe

• el hvng  sees o shot ods: ag atea • bolshped el ecevng stete sgnls: satete

dsh aeatis • vetcl ccle: oo the oo • cts st evolvng moton s • cobtc stunts on the s o n bone ct:

g a kg aetin • be uctclly ond o: aduate, adore, dote uo .doles cent ecton: uy ove .eel unequted ectn o: carry a torch for amatin • ocl mton: cofrmato, ratfcato • denotng

advi I a  pocess o enquy conducted by · mton: cataphatc aai  • cb  hobe (eg xenhbe) � ee  fear Aian .Acn club: kobkerre • cn mchete: aga • long n o cn dum: tomtom • Acn ut vllge: kraa • cn tn ent stoytee grot • expedton to hunt o obseve ld nmls: safar  cn y cusng sleepng sckness: tsetse ate . cb  e (eg ele) meta (eg metacar) ost• e dnne: ostrada • e sexul ntecouse: ostta ost atenn • djecte merda .enoon peomnce: mate • tenoon sleep: sesta again • cb  aa (eg anaram ee e ees ae en agan  f ane  re (eg re) • equest o  peomnce to be gven gn o such  peomnce: ecore against • cb  at(eg anthstamne) cata (eg catalt eay  agans cotra(eg cnracen) couter (eg cntemeasre) ob (eg. bject  ey  agans age • ge o ely chldhood: facy • ge t hch sexul ctvty be· comes possble: uberty • ge beteen pubety nd dulthood: adoescece • ge t hch consent to sexul ntecourse becomes leglly  vld age of coset • peson unde the ge o legl esponsblty: mor • ge o youthul mmtuty: oage • too young to legly engge   ce tn ctvty: uder age • ge t hch  peson is consideed cpable o mngng hs on s age of dscreto • ge o legal dulthood majorty • cheve ths: come of age • ge t hch sexul ctvty declne: cmacterc • peson o the

r 6  ..'e

sme e: conteprary • peson below the e of  lel esponsibility juvenile • peson in his o he sties: sexagenarian .peson in his o he seventies septuagenarian • peson n his o he eihties: octgenarian • peson in his o he nine ties: nnagenarian • peson  hun ded o moe yes old: centenarian • menta nd physical decy ssocited with od e senility .loss of memoy nd contol of bodily functions amonst the ed: senile de entia • e of senile dependency: dtage • peson in this state: dotard agen • condential ent henchan • ent anin se tnspot shipbroker .ent fo the puchse nd se of shes, nsunce policies, etc: broker • boke's fee: brokerage • spotin o tistic ent seachn fo pomisin ecuits talent scut,

talent sp otte aggressin

• policy

of yieldin to the demnds of  potentil aesso: appeasement • diplomcy enfoced by thets of ession: gun boat di p-

lmacy, per politics sabrerattling agreemen • ppenticeship aeement indentures • fom ee ment copact, pact • eneal eement cnsensus • inteim aeement: odus vivendi .leally cotract enfoceable eement

• eement between the pope nd  secul stte: ccrdat • eement between states: treaty • imained eement between membes of  so ciety to foeo cetin pesonl feedoms fo the enea ood: social c• eement to suspend tract hostlities fo  stted peiod: aristice • eement eched thouh concessions cprise .ee ment eached by pties to  dispute o lawsuit settlent • infomal tety: ceti • infoml ndestndin eched between stes e

• daft of n eement proto• bainn to ech n eement: negotiation • bins

tente col

mde to mutul advnte horsetrading .demnd that must be stis ed befoe eement is eched: stipulaton .condition attached to n eement: proviso • eceptions specied in n eement: saving clause • poviso dded to n ee ment: rider • in full eement unanious .one side to n eement: party • denotng n geement between two paties bilateral .denotin n eement between thee o moe paties ultilateral .peson fowdin n eement thouh not pty to it: interediary, mediator • bech of n eements tems: infringeent .foml nnouncement of intention to end an eement: notice • eject n eement aledy mde renounce repudiate, rescind

agriultural mahinery .device tunin ove the soil: plough .tined fmewok beakin the sol harro • sowin mchine dri  • epn nd theshin mchine cine, com bine harvester agriulture • combinn foms agri, agro .icutue peceived s  technocatic ctivity: agribusiness, agroindustry • icultul system of abandonn lnd s it be comes ehusted shiing cultatio • denotin  shiftin system in which  veettion in new es is cu down and bunt: slashandurn • denotin icultue poducn small pece yields by chep methods: extensie icultue • denotin poducin hih pece yields by epensive methods itensive .denotin icultue whose yieds ae just sucient to fed the fme: sbsistee • denotin icultue voidin the use of aticial chemicals orgaic • denotin culte tht peseves n ecoloicl bance sus

ahic I aica

7

0 dentng

agculue  land devted t cpgwng: aable dentng agcultue  land devted t stckgazng: pastoa  denng agcultue nvlvng bth f these: xed ntductn f ntensve agcultue t develpng cuntes gen evouton 0 dentng agcultual ppety  methds agaan ntensve stckeang mehds

tanabe

0

battey famng, facoy famng

buldng f ntensve pulty asng bolehouse dark and cnstced pen n whch a calf s ased f veal: vea cate catefee envnment f stckasng loose hous ng ngatheng f cps havest celebatn f ths havest festva, havest home  feedng cattle n cut gass brught n zeogazng mnmzatn f es n by plugh ng alng cntus conto poghng 0 dentng agcultual land le unswn fao medeval allcatn f agcultual land openfed system 0 agcultual machney deadstock agcultual anmals: vetock seasnal mvement f lvestck t dffeent pastue tanshumance lvestck fattened f slaughte fatstock 0 anmal's weght as saleable meat deadegh  bk ecdng vestck pedgees: hed book 0 supply wate f agcultual pupses: gae 0 study f sl managemen and cp pductn agonomy  ee l cop, fam,

0

0



0

0

0

too athti 0 aesthetc expet connosseu 0 pesn wth n aesthetc sense boo, phstne Ai 0 sexual actvty wth pecau tns aganst Ads: safe sex 0 cance suffeed by Ads ctms apos's sacoma ai cii  aeo, atmo( atmspherc pneum(o) 0 n the a aeal cntanng a pneumatc 0 rSng cuent f wam a:

thema 0 admt a t: aeate, ventlate allwng the passage f a: poous desgned f mnmum a esstace steamned 0 peated by a pessue pneumatc 0 n he pen a afesco  dentng a hav ng less xygen than nmal aefed 0 de aless egn: vacuum thugh lck f a suffocate 0 kll thugh depvatn f a suffocate, asphyxae pllutn lte f he nse and muth: mask 0 eadng effect f a n a mvng bject dag study f a mvemen aeodynamcs study f a tavel: aeo-

0

autcs aiat

0

0 cii

 aeo-

small lght acaft mcolght aca wth ne par f wngs monoplane 0 aca havng tw sets f wngs: bpane dentng an acaft that can mve ts wngs fm a ghtangled t sweptback pstn

sngng,

vaabe

geomety

arcraft takng  fr and landng n wate: seapane acaft takng ff and landng n wate  land: amphban jet acaft landng and takng  vetcally ump et engneless xedwng acaft gde pweed cra kept buyant by gas: ashp, dgbe wngless aca wth pweed hzntal t: hecopte 0 wngless acft wth unpweed hzntal  autogo, autogyo acaft capable f space spacepane tavel acaft equpped t cay lquds n bulk anke  c bsevng enemy ptns spott pane  aca de sgned t evade ada detectn: steath pane acaft's man bdy: fuseage acaft wth lttle  n fuselage fyng ng far fm the fuselage outboad 0 nea  the fu selage nboad  nsde the fuselage: nboad, on boad utemst laye f an caft's suctue skn lghts shwng an arcaft's pstn:

0

airc a  aI 8 f

vigto igts, ruig igts, sideigts .aircraft carring goods freigter • pilotess aircraft packed with eplosies fyig bomb  air-

craft manuacture and echnolog aerospace  par o an aircraft's structure speciall cured to gie it lit aerofoi  streamining structure on an aircraft: fairig • lattened pro jection improing sabilit fin • wheels etc supporting an aircrat whil on the ground adig gear, udercarriage .cables etc controlling light suraces and engines rig ging  aircrafts single trianguar wing deta ig  hinge rear edge o an aircrafts wing aiero, fp  aircrat wing lap projected to create dra spoier .aircraft's door atc  detachable unit on an aircraft pod  ront and rear o an aircrat fore ad aft  part o an aircra or the light crew cockpit, fig deck  transparent coer o an aircraft cockpit caopy • light crew's powered seat or emergenc escape ejectio seat, ejector seat • cockpit instrument pane cosoe, ds • instrument showing an board aircrafts height: atimeter  instrument showing the rate o climb or descent: vriometer • rod controling drection o light cotro coum, joystick • persons responsble or l ing an aircraft: figt cre person in command o an aircraft: cti, iot  captain's assistant first of ficer, cilot • person directing an aircrafts route avigtor  deice keeping an aircraft on a set course utomtic iot  electronic aiation equipment vioics  remoable coer or an aircraft engine: colig • aircrt engines outer cas ing: cee  section diider in an aircrt bued aircrts smal window:  aircrat's ortole kitchen gey maintenance o at mospheric pressure inside a high

pressuriztion aircraft: ling • aircras cargo area od  person in charge o cargo oadmster  aircra crew responsible or passegers or cargo cbi cre  list o aircrat passenges or cargo maifest .peron hiding on an aircraft in order to trael without pag: stoay  aircras paing passengers and cargo payoad, usefu oad • behind or to the back o an aircrat aster  on the outside o an aircra outbord .use of a powered aircrat to pul a glider into the air: eotoig  bulk air transport o troops or suppies airif  ling or operation o aircraft aviatio  aircraft's panned or actual course figt pat, vector • route reguarl used b aircra air e, iay • permitted air route air corridor • ocia record o an aircrafts ourne og • aircraft's light recorder back box, figt data recorder .light path o an aircraft waitng to land odg patter • aircra circling a gien pont at dierent altitudes while waiting to land stck • aircrafts path between take o and ee cruising cimbout  tilt an aircra to make a turn ak • aircrafts steep clmbing turn: cadee .lee an aircrat ftte out  aircra's maimum possible al titude ceiing  maintain an aircrft at a stead altitude trim .aircra's deation rom course due to wind drift  aircraft's speed relatie to the ground goud speed  aircrat's speed elaie to the ambien air ir seed  trail o disturbed ar le behind a moing aircraft: sipstrem, e,   trail o condensed water le by an aircraft at high altitude vour tri • instance of two ircr passing each other closer than is permitted irmiss .denoting an aicrt in diculties i distress  region o ow or uneen pressure destabilizing an arcrt i r pocet, tur

I aipot 9aica 

bulence • aircraft shake caused by turbulence: buffet buffetng .(of an aircraft) rock from front to back: ptch .(of an arcraft) rock from front to back: roll • (of an aircraft) twist from side to side ya • violent swg of an arcraft on or near ground: ground loop • aircraft's steep downward plunge: nosedve • aircraft's fast re  volvig motion: spn .aircrafts un pwered landing: deadstck landng • airca's rough emergency anding: crashlandng hard andng • air crafts emergency landing wth a na  vertica drop: pancake landng • arca's gradual descent o the runway: approach • aicraft's circling course after aboted approach goa round • aircrat's landing des cent: glde path • runwy contact by the wheels of a landing aircraft: touchdon • landed arcrats deceleration along the runway: rllout • airca's slow ground movement to or from the runway taxng • airport personne servicing an aircraft between lihts: ground ce prepare an aircraft for its return journey: turn round  housing for an aicraft: hngar • ocial unveing of a new arcraft: rolout • hire an aircra for a trip: carte • hire of an aircraft without crew dry ease • hre of an arcraft with crew et lease • enter or place on n aircraft: emark em plane enpane .throw from an aircra: ettson • leave an aircaft: ds • denoting an emak deplane aircr safe t ly aorthy .establishment monitoring aircraft move ments: trackng staton • service monitoring and directing aircra movements ar traffc control .permission fr an air mvement given by air trafc control: clearance .details of a proposed ight submitte to ai trafc control: flght plan .compterzed mocup of an aircraft cock pit used n piot training: flght smu

lator • prohibit an aircraft from lying: ground • iegay seize control of an arcraft: hjack skyjack .air force unit of six aircraft: flght • antiaircraft re: flak • military arcrafts emergency takeoff scram le • miitary arcraft's wartime op eration: msson � see als aeratcs arlner navgaton aircra carir • airstrip on an aircrat carrier: fght deck aiid .miitary aireld arbse .hardsurfaced area on an aireld were aicra may park or manoeuvre: apon flghtlne • strip for taing off and landing runay  lu minated rnway: flarepath .lexle cylinder showing wind direction and force: drogue sleeve ndsock .large buiding for housing aircraft hangar airinr  airlner carrying many passengers: jumo jumbo jet • shorthaul irliner carryng many passengers: arus • part of an airliner for the passengers: cabn  mst expensive class of passenger accommodation: frst class • middle class passenger accommodation: clu class • cheapest passenger accommodation: economy clas, trst class  persons attending to passengers needs: cab n cre, fg t atend ants steards • bag suitable for transport in the cabin: carryon flght bag .airtraveler's luggage beynd his r her aowance: excess baggage • list of airlner passngers: mafest • person hiding on an airliner in order to travel without paying: stoaay • company providing scheduled public air transport: arlne • product promotin givng vouchers redeemable for stated distances o free ai travel Ar les airr .airport buing fr departing and arriving passengers: ter mnal • airport reception counter:

0  r     a                 

desk • ose pars o an apor ermnal a le beeen s sree enrance and cusoms and passpor conrol andsde  ose pars o an arpor ermna a le beeen he arcraf and cusoms and passpor conrol ade • desk here depar ng passengers have her ckes n speced ceckn  nonappearance o booked passenger: noso • re sa o honour a cke due o over bookng: umping • ckeholder ang or a sea o become avaable: stany .arpor ormaon board or screen: ndcato  arpor longe or passengers changng planes tanst lounge  apor ex o a parc lar lgh: gate  rased passageay o an acraf pe • movable seps gvng access o an arcra: amp .apors nonlyng sa gound sta • apor employees servcng an arcraf gound cre • roang machne rom hch lggage s colleced: caouse • arrva or deparre of a arcraf movement • ele  vaed oce rom hch lgh moemens are conroed: conto toer • edness el afe a lgh across me zones et ag

.mechancally propeed airsi arshp: dgle • German mlay ashp sed n Fs Wold War eppen • ashps gas conaner enveope • cabn suspended beneah n ashp: gondoa ac  courage ganed by drinkng acohol Dutc couage • apparas or dslng alcohol: st .person ahorzed o sell acoholc drnks: vctuaer censed vctuae  denog a place auhozed o sell alcoholc drnks: censed denoing an acoholc drnk served ho her don: nat straght .denong a regon here alcoholc drnks canno be prchased: dry  add acool srreposly o a dnk: spke make alcoho un o drn: de

natue • acohol denaured by mehanol: metyated spt • absinence rom acoholc drnks teetotasm tempeance acism .delusons caused by temens delum alcohol& • nermen cravng or acohol dpsomana chlds mena and physca reardaon caused by he mohers consmpon o excessve a cohol durng pregnancy feta acoo syndome aa proeraon o agae n aer: agal loom  sudy o algae agoogy abra  agebrac expresson o he sum or dference o o erms nomal .expresson o more han o agebrac erms polynomal • umber muplyng an agebrac  varable coeffcent ain • conal mechanca aen organsm daek _ imagined alen beng tte geen man  person clamng o have had dengs h alen bengs: contactee • arme mprsonmen o resden aens: ntenment • resden alen n ancen Greece metc akai • dye ndcaing lkany: tmus .nonakalne sbsnce ase a . cin in fs omn pan panto eg anmme ognay e feng o a e as ao of a

or al persons or hngs unvesa • al a once en oc smutaneouy .an freestyle • allknong om nscent  alpoerful omnpotent  a ogether: en loc en masse  dsease breakng ou over al pars o a coury or over al he old pan demc argy • aergy causing breahng dcules: astma  alergy caused by polen: ay fever • subsance casng an alergc reacon: alegen  denong a sbsance unlkely o cse an allergc reacon: hypo

alliance I mbassador

11

aergenic • itchy ed spots caused by food algies hives, netterash urti caria • compound eleased into cels to combat allegens histamine • medicine used to teat alegies antihistamne • cue allegy by gadual exposue to its cause desensitia tion • skin alegy test patch test alliance • ioma alliance en tente • secet aliance between ms to pevent competition carte • secet aliance of puchases at an auction o foce down pices ring • tempoay aliance between politica paties coaition front .tempoay aliance between businesses consor tium allwance • money paid to a cae for looking ate an invalid atend ance aoance .money paid to local councilos fo tim� spent on council business attendance ao ance

ally • aloy usd to join meta so der • mecuy aloy used to ll teeth amagam • alloy of gold and silve eecrum • goldlik aloy of coppe and zinc: pincbeck • silvelike alloy of nickel, zinc, and coppe nicke siver German siver • aloy of which monumental basses ae made atten

almn

• almond

paste marzipan • scald almonds to emove thei skin banch

alne • pes
Alps • eyond the Alps utramon side of the Aps • this tane lpine • taditional cismontane wooden house chaet • ancient AngloSaxon aphabet and Scandinavian alphabet fuark

runes • ancient Bitish and Iish alphabet ogham • Indian alphabet Devanagari • alphabet of aised dots fo blind people Braie .fome al phabet of aised ettes fo blind people Moon • ponunciation sign written above o below a letter dia critic • wite in a diffeent alphabet transiterate

altar

• chief

alta high atar • potable alta sueratar • alta canopy badaccino ciborium • onamental clot coveing the font of an altar fronta • onamental cloth behind an ata dossa • shelf behind an alta retabe • onamental sceen behind an alta reredos • painting placed behind an alta atarpiece • ailing und an altar parcose • alta cabi net fo the eseved sacament taber nace • dain nea an ala piscina

alternative meicine

• medical

system associating pats of the hands and feet with diffeent pats of the body zone therapy • massage system based on zone theapy re .joint manipulation fexoogy chiropractic .egime of massage execise and diet conto naturop athy • medicinal use of plants herb alism • healing by spiitual means faith heaing .healing by cystals crysta heaing

amater

• amateu

dabble in an at o skil diettante • peson falsely claiming amateu status samateur

ambassar .papal ambassado • nuncio sent to a nonnuncio Cathlic county pronuncio • am bassado's deputy charg d'affaires assistant • ambassado's attach • ambassados esidence embassy • ambassados

intoductoy lette credentias, etter of credence • dess of an ambassado who is pe sented to the head of state court dress � see alo dipomacy

I a n ger bigu ty m a     ....... .......................... .   

.

.

miguiy .statemet made am biguous by its grammar: abolog abol  statemet de siged to ave a secod (usuay idecet) meaig doube entendre, dou ble entente merican nin  merica  dia tougt to ave magic powers: edcne an saan .merica dia axe: toaak • merica dia peace pipe calut .meri ca dia soe: occasn meri ca dia spe medce .meri ca dia tet lodge, teeee, ga amng . cnnf nter  nternatnal amog oters nter aos  amog oter tigs: nter ala amun  tiy amou: ota, ot, sou�on, trace, vestge  required or permitted amout quantu quota, raton • isufciet amout: sort easure  amout l over: sulus • express or measure a amout: quant  assessed by amout: quanttatve quanttve ammuniin • ammuitio for a sigle sot: round  deotig ammu itio cotaiig explosive lve  e otig ammtio cotaiig explo sive but o proectie: blank  ammuitio store: agazne anaeseic .aaestetic affect ig te wole body geneal anaestec spial aaesteic give i cildbirt: epdual extradural .de otig a aaestetic affectig a spe cied pt oly oca nlysis  detaied critical aalysis: ctque  aalysis of complex pro cedures to improve eciecy: sstes anass nctr  earliest acestor: ogentor ogen ito  eumratio of a pesos acestos geneaog edgee  elated troug a com mo mle acestor: agnae  relaed

2 ......................... ..

troug a commo acestor: cognate • relatiosip by desce from a com mo acestor: consangunt .re semblig or derivig from acestral caracteristics: atavstc ancr • sma acor wit several ukes: granel  smal acor used to aul a sip: kedge, kedge ancor .stragt part of a acor: sank  triagular plate o a acors arm fuke .stoe used as a acor kllck ancien • cnn fs arcaeo, alaeo  excavaio ad study of te pysical remais of a ahaeolog ciet civiizatios: • study of fossil aimals ad plats: alaeobolog .study of fossil plats alaeobota ange • agel of te rst order sera  agel of te secod order: ceub  gel of te tird order: trone  agel of te fourt or der donaton .agel of te t order: vrtue .agel of te sixt or der oer  agel of te sevet order: rncalt • agel of te eigt order: arcangel .agel of te it order: angel .feast of te Mchaelas arcagel Micael: local group of Hes Agels cater anger  ager at ufair treatmet ndgnaton, offence outage, esentent  expressio of public ager outc  public outrage or te evet causig it: scandal • public display of ager scene  cildis outbust of ger: tantru esily agered: ascbe rrtable sort teeed, test tetch tuculent  iteded to cause ager: ovocative  remark made to provoke ager: aunt • suly bad temper: etuance, que  atural proeess to ager or equaimity: teeaent  petu lat expressio of te lips moue, out  agry frow: scol • agry rebue scodng deotig a bad

3

tempered person curmugeonly, yspptic cause persistent resentment nkle soothe anger p pese, mollfy, pcify, plcte, pro pitite . cnn  ang gon • angle smaller than 90° cute ngle • angle of 90° ight ngle • angle etween 90 180° btuse ngle denot ing an angle not a right angle oblique • denong an angle ta omines with another to make 90° comple menty • denoting an inwar pointing angle reentrnt • denoting an outwardpointing angle slent gure with many angles polygon having three angles tingul  having four angles qurn gulr  having ve anles pentnul  haing eigh angles ctnglr • too for marking angles beve • nstrument to measure or draw angles rtctr, se squre  instrument measuring angles precisely gnmeter ng-ax • ancient Anglo Saxon alphaet fthk, runes • AngloSaxon price or nole thel ing anima . cn n  theri, zoo  animal without a ackone invertebrte • anima having a ackone vetbrte • animal having to feet bipe • animal having four feet qure  warmlooded ani mal suckling its young mmml  anmal carrying its young in a pouch mrspil • scalyskinned coldlooded animal eptle • cold looded terrestrial animal having an aquati larval stage mpibin • variety of animal developed y reeding stin  animal used o pull cars, ploughs, etc_ rught nml • set of draught animals tem • ani mal used to carry loads best of ben • animal regarded as symolizing a group or ringing good for

a I aima tune mscot  animals red or raised for prot lvestock, stock  animal huntng others peto hunted animal rey animal used y hunters to attract others ecoy • anima eating its own species cnni bl • animal eating lesh crnivoe • animal eating plants erbi vore  animal feeding on refuse scvenger animal in its second year yerg  animal tat hews he cud rumnnt • anima depend ent upon xternal sources of heat ecttherm • animal creating its own odily heat enothem • animal aintaining a steady ody temperature homeothem  male animal kept for reeding sire • animals fe mle parent m • young orn to an animal at one time broo, itte  smalles memer of a litter nt  give irth to young thro • mal formed or mutant animal monste • ospring of animals of differen t species crossbee ybi • large group of animals he • group of herded animals rove, her, ock or • animals of a particular time fun  underwater animal lfe epifun denoting an animal native to a particular region enemic wild animal's home en, ir lie  area regularly traversed y an animal home rnge  animals seasonal change of haitat migrtion panicked rush of a numer of animals stmpee • animals edding of staw t tter • animal's projeting nose and mouth snot • animal's exile snout proboscs • animals frightening jaws m  hind part of an animals ody rump  animals skin with the hair pel • clean an animal's coat grm • skin disease of hairy and woolly animals mnge • animal's seasonal loss of plumage or fur moult • animals internal organs eaten as meat offl , pluck animal's exile grasping appendage tentcle

a k I    S   

    . . . .   . . . . . . . . . . .  .  . . . . . .  .  . . . . .  . . . . . . . .  . . . .        . .  .  . 

4   . .   .  .  . . . . .  .  . . . .  . . . . .  .

  .  . .  . .  .   . . .  . . .  . .    . .  .

   . . . .    . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . .

amals track or o r scet poor • de-  versary trcntenary .00th ai• amals otig aimals adapted to a very dry  versar uatercentary • Oth eviromet xeropilou  abiity aversary uncentenary .600th of certai aimals to chage colour aiversary xcntnary metacroi • deotig a tamed ai- nnuncer .aoucer at a publc mal dometc, dometicated .de evet atr of ceremonie • a otng a amal returned to the wild: oucer at a variet show compre fera • establish a aimal i a for eig habitat naturalze • deotg any .easily aoyed rtable, pev, tty • uti it becomes a amal bred for research labora oing ad naueam tory .deotig a utehered ai mal loo .aimals dose of medi anining .ritual aoitig fo recie drenc .climb oto a amal ligous puroses: unction .oil used for ridig mount .(of a male ai for ritual aoting crm mal) clmb oto a female aimal for • sharp aswer retort copulatio mount • aimal excre- answr • witt aswer rejnder, ripote droppng, oppng, dun g .remais of met dr .witty aswer thought of too late prehistoric aimals foud i rock eprit de ecalier • refusal to give foil • taking the form of a aimal teromorpic, zoomorpc • ai- straght aswers: toneang  nin in  f   mm(o) mal traier andler • exploitatio o an . n • adjet ve form • female at aimals justied by alleged huma superiority peieim • protected un .male at drone • sterle area for wildlife reerve, anctuary at performig most basic tass • eclosure for eepig aimals i orr .Africa ad Asia aimal that eats ats pangolin, cay ant semiatural conditios vvarium  place for kepig stry amals ater  study of ats myrmecology pound .collectio of wild aimals anibiic • atbiotic produced for exhibito exhibito menagerie, zoo .docfrom blue moulds peniciin .deottor reatig aimals vt, vetrinary ig a atibiotic eective agaist a ureon .allegedly ujustiable ex- larg rage of orgaisms broad perimets performed o aimals vivi pectrum ection • book describig diere kids of aimals betiary • study of ani .serum cotaig ati dotes antierum, antivenin .sup aimals zooogy • stud of aima posed atidote to a poisos behaviour etology • stud of ai mithidat mals whose existece s doubted rytozooogy niu • iterestig atique objt al • aklecoverig aitr pat d virtu • perso who studies or col lects atiques or atiquities anti • akle orame an uarian antiuary vrr .25th aiversar ir jiee .Oth aiversary lr at sectio of atle pam  prog of atle tin gon jubi 2th or Ot ai  ersa jubiee • eotig a 40 a   nn f   proct(o) iversar ruby deotig a 60t .adjctive: ana .mscle closig the aversar diamond 1OOth ai aus phintr .iammaio of  ersary centenay 1O aive the aus procii • swoe eis in sar euintnry 200th ai the aus hmorrhid il .i  ersar  ersar binny 300th i strme for isectig the aus

5

proctoscope • surgical construction of an articial anus colostomy • study of the anus proctology nxiey .abnormally tense or anx ious neurotc • showig no anxiety nonchaant r •combining orms: da (eg anss eay eng aa se(eg searate

rhid • former dominaion by whites in South Africa baaskap   term under apartheid fo r a South  rican black: Bantu • offensive former South African term for any black per son ar .offensive ormer South African term for a person of mxed ethnic origins Coloured • homelan for South Arican blacks uder apart heid Bantustan • urba settlement or South African blac� under apart heid locaton, tonshp • towship drnking place shebeen e • adciv sman • large powerul ape gorlla ex .adiv: apcal phroie • Lain nam Veus pe • passionate appeal cr de cur (. rs e ur • litignt who appeals to a higher court appellant  ombining orm orm erc morph (eg lymrh phany • appearace of a god to mortals epphay theophany .rst appear ance of a a   artist artist in public public debut .sportsman or woman playng in publc for the rst time debutant • surface appearance of a manufac tred article nsh .done merely for the sake of appearace token .denoting pleasant appearance and maner personable • miseading appearance guse, lluson eix .ilammation of the appendix appendcts • surgical remova of an appendix appendectomy

axi  Aab

eie • adciv orectc .per son with a gross appetite for food gourmand .person with an insati able sexual appetite lecher eizer .rst course of a meal ors d'oeuvre, starter .small open sandwich served as appetizer canap • alcoholic drink taken before a meal as an appetizer apertf aause .loud and long applause ovaton • persons hired to applaud claque e • apple that is green when ripe greeng • alcoholic drink made from apple juice cder • apple brandy Cavdos .apple of oe's eye cynosure aoinme  appoint to a post nomnate where no appointmets are needed dropn .person ot keeping an appointment nosho reticeshi • apprenticeship agreement ndentures • having com pleted an apprenticesip tmeserved Ara .Arab leader sek .Arab scholar or man of high social stad ing effend .nomadic desert Arab Bedoun .Arab living in Israel or Palestine alestnan .Arab who does not wat a negotiated peace with Israel reecont Arab guerrillas fedayeen  Arab sailing bat dho .Arab quarter in a town kasbah • Arab covered market baaar, souk dish of • Arab meat bal koa • Arab dish spiced durum semolina couscous mashed chickpeas ea Arab dish of mashed fel, hummus .Arab crackedweat salad tabbouleh • Arab fruitjuice drink sherbet .Arab hooded cloak burnous, djellaba • Arab headdress effyeh • Arab headband agal .Arab man's long robe dshdasa • Arab eye makeup ol • Arab ges ture of greetng greetng salaam • Arab name for God Alla • driedup river chan nel in some Arab countries ad

r ab it  t o  

          .     . . .     .

6

I a r c h i t e c tu r e

 .   .   .   .   . .     .  .   . . . . . .   .  . .    . .     . .           . . .    .  .            . . . . . . . . .  . . .  .         . .    . . . .  . .   . .   . . . . .  . . . .   . .   .          .  . .  . . . . .

 Ara • prt

term or marjuana f n Ara folklore: gene  en nn . same � see see ls Mus-

m djtive arbtral • ar arbitrar . djtive ar trator formal decon arbtra ment determnaton • denotng an

artrament that the parte mut oey bndng arc • ro of o f arche arcade • tone at the centre of an arch eystone  area ehnd the houlder o an arch spandre • underde o an arch sof ft • upport for an arch: per • tructure upportng the latera thrut o an arch: abutment . cbii fr r  arcaey arcaeo .. arhaemetry • ur gent archaeologcal ntgaton  a te aout to e dtured rescue arcaeology • ytematc npecton o a poughed eld fed alng  anay of layerng of reman

stratgrapy arcdeacn • djective arcd aconal .ttl of an Anglcan arch deacon: venerable  archdeacon' ormal npecton vstaton arcer • arologcal term sagarus arer • djective toxoplte .archery range bus .mound for the target n a range but  dtant target: rover djective ctive arctectonc arciec . dje

 archtect

orkng n conultaton th loca nhatant communty

arctect arciecure

 archtecture

de gned t spathze th t enron ment landscape arctecture • de notng archtecture n the tyle of ancent Greece and Rome classca  denotng archecural tyle man feted n functona udng vernacular  upper part o a claca uldng: entabature  rounded roof g ault dome .lender pre:

• ornamental porch th column portco • coered alk round a quadrangle: closter • clotered

flce

quadrangle: closter gart gart • ndo projectng from a lopng roof dormer • denotng an openng dr �t n end than at the othr splayed • played ndo openng embrasure • ornamental tone openork aoe a ndo tracery • emcrcular alcoe lunee .large polygonal rece: orel • projectg upport or a a buress • arch haped uttre flyng buress .mouldng round the edge o a celng: cornce .mouldg round a door or ndo: arctrave drpstone ood moud abe • a lng the end o a ptched roo: gable • decorate trangular gale aoe a door or a pedment • pedmnt' receed cenal area: tympanum • decorate and at a a top: freze • projctng a aoe a replace: c mney breast breast  projectng upport: corbe • oramental oodork at a gale end bargeoard • ornamental attement: castellaton • ornment at the top or corner of a uldng: na .ornament coerng a jon n rork boss • Norman ponted ornamentaton: dogtoot • ornamental mouldng of emcrcular ecton beadng .ornamental framng for an ncrpton: cartouce • ornament coerng conergg aultng boss  grotequely cared ater pout gargoyle • decoratn n th Chnee tyle cnosee • outer coerng for a all caddng .loer pat of an nteror all dado  mooth, quarecut maonry aslar  tep and plaorm efore a man entrance perron  elaoratly decr· ated enance: portal • ro of arch: arcade  eteror gallery on an upper loor: logga .open cortyard n he centre of a udng atrum  underde of an archtectural fea

archiv I aromatc

7 ue sot

�see ls beam, brick

building, column, dome ornament, ault, all ,  indo arciv  achive eco muniment .peson in chage of a ach iv cllecin arcist Arcic .Acic plain tundra .Ac ic slege og usky ara .lage aea tract .long na row aea belt • emoe area interland, interior  aea wih a paicu la use o chaace zone  ey aea nexus • aea aically ieen fom hose surouning i enclae  aea

cu o fom hose o which i is e lae exclae  suouning aea purleu  aea wih conolle access excluson zone   an ggy aea quagmre .aea evoe o uilings of a paicla in estate .aea of inluence o concen pur ie • aea overe o avaiale

range

Ars  Lti 1 Mars argumn • djective eristic .a gumen pesene in cou subms son • agumen caelly ignoing unfavouale facs specal pleading  noisy bu ivial agumen squabble .liely o cause agumen con tentous  pone o ague dsputatious  efuaion of anohes agumen rebual  allowing no a gumen n  enoing a spe cially plausible agumen prima acie

• enoing

a faacious aguen go up o convnce specous • use of ishones agumens casust, sop

st arm

. cbi cbi  i i r r  braco . dj djectie bracial • am a m of an oco

pus tentace .inosau wih sho amlie fon legs braciosaurus  onamen worn oun he ppe am armlet djective miltary arm orcs . djective

armur

.amou mae of smll meal ings cain mal  helmes plume crest  helmes facegua faceg ua beaer, isor  hoa amou gor get  amou fo he ches an ac uirass  sleeveless mai coa aber geon  fulllengh mail coa auber .am amou ambrace .a moue glove gauntlet  high a mou cuisse  shin amou greae  cloh gamen won ove

surcoat arms • djective eraldic .sysm

y which coas of ams ae evise eraldry  epe in his eraldist .ofcial conollng he Coege of Ams arl Marsal .ocial ove seeing sae ceemonial an gans of ams erald, oicer o arms persuiant .chief heal King o Arms .heal's emlazone coa tabard  shiel eaing a coa of ams escutceon  smalle shiel awn insie anohe inescutceon  scin f an scuchon quarte  coa of ams wih is eaes ec  iamonshape acieement oa showing his atment  healic esign deice, emblem  lehan lehan sie sie of a coa coa  of ams dex ter  ighhan sie of a coa of ams snister  epic a coa of ams emblazon .isplay wo coas of ams on one shiel impale .e noing a coa of ams ha epesens he eae's name canting

arm

 djctive

mlitary .cizen amy militia, ome guard  iegu la esisance foce militia  fon pa of an amy an, anguard  sie of an amy ank  goun e ween opposing amies noman'sland  amy aning school military academy armac  aomaic oinmn mae fom a ee esin balsam

 massage

eamen using aomaic

oils aromatepy

8   a n a        d    I                        a                                                                                           

a ound

• cb frs

amp

(.. amhtheatre) crcum (. crcumference) pe ( ernatal)

arange • arrange n sequence whou overlaps: stagger • arrange men of bale forces dsposton • possble arrangemen of a se of ems: pemutation ares • arres performed by an or dnary person ctzen's arrest • m muny from arrs sanctuay dp loma's mmuny from arres exratetoralty arval person dealng wh ar rvals a a hospal, ofce, or hoel receptonist • nonarrval noso arow • arrow for crossbow: bolt • arrow's cenral wooden secon sa • backurned spke on an arrow head barb feahered end of an arrow: flgt feaher an arrow flec • case for arrows quve  vulga r a • creave ar fne art • vulgar or senmenal ar ktsc .ar n ended o arouse sexual desre erotca • ar produced by he unraned ousder ous der at at • ar gvng a mnue re producon of realy yperealsm realsc depcon of curren socal condons socal reals versmo • denong grmly ealsc ar kitcensink • arsc norms pro mulgaed under Salnsm socalst realsm • denong ar depcng physcal appearances n a naural way: guative ealstc • denong ar no depcng physcal appear ances n a naural way abstact • denong unconvenonal ar avant gade undegound • ype of ar gene • genres creaed before an audnce peoing ats deno ng hose genres nvolvn hree plastc dmensonal modeng • genres based on lne and one gaphic ats • recurren feaure n an arwok ot • conveyance of feelng n ar expesson • faculy of

arc orgnaon creatvty • ar sic dscernmen: taste • knowledge of he ne ars: vrtu  arwork urned ou o make a lvg poboler • ars's complee oupu oeuvre • ousandng arsc creaon: mas terpce masteork pce de sstance ( ces e rSsance) • arwork mang oher syles: pastche • amaeur dabbler n an ar: dilettante • ar exhbon salon pu works of ar on how exbt are fac assembled a he xhbon i n stallaton • presenaon of arefacs whch ncludes performers peom ance at • found obec consdered as a work of ar: obt trouv (. bjets trus) • organzed seres of arsc evens: festval • sponaneous ars c even appenng ems .ti e Diaa ats • arhrs  he ons osteoatrtis reuatod artitis • swmmng exercses as a cure for arhrs: ydroterapy aical • arcal body pars prosthetcs • arcally creaed facttous syntetc mor ar ars s of of he h h 7h 7h as • mor cenures old ol d master • ars's work shop studo atele • ars's dummy lay lay fgure fgure an  n • ars's personal syle: diom • ars's youh ful oupu: uvenlia • ars's com plee oupu: corpus oeuvre ar s's mos mporan creaon agnu opus • group of arss hav ng a smar approach sco  pr son posng for an ars odel as  djectives cneay cinerous • conaner for cremaed ashes urn san .lgh Asan car drawn by one or more people rcksa • Asan savoury pasry saosa • any season n souhern Asa monsoon  yellow powder used o avour and  Asan dshes turerc

9

ssemy • assembly by he pu chase sefassembly • supplied eady fo easy assembly prefabrcated ssessmen • analyical assess men: crtque • fomal assessmen of a employees pefomance: ap ap-prasa • peson gvg an assess men of a aisic wok o pefom ance: critc • dcul o impossible o assess: mponderabe sse • denoing asses no easily conveible ino cash: fxed, qud • denoing asses easily conveed o cash: dsposabe, dsposabe, q ud , n earmone earmoneyy • denoing asses expeced o be sold wihin a yea: current • sale of as ses: dsposa • selling o asses of a puchased company f quick po assetstrppng • simulaneous ad ing of asses in dfeen  makes makes o po by pice dieences: arbtrage  conve asses ino cash: reaze  gadual incease in an asse's value: apprecaton • gadual decease in an asse's value deprecaton .po gessive wieoff of an asse's pu case value amortzaton • chage upon asses: encumbrance • peven he use of asses freeze • legal docu men disposing of one's asses afe deah:  ssimilin • gadual assimia ion: osmoss • assimilaion of cul al minoiies: ntegaton cb i fr sub ssisan . cbi (.g. subetr) vce (.g ve resent) • geneal assisan: goper, factotm, mate, offce boy .auho's o compose's asssan, aking down dcaion o copying dafs: amanuenss .ciminal's as sisan: accomce, abettor .hun e's o sheman's ssisan ge • goe's assisan: cadde • civil sevan assisg a senio govenmen ocial: vate secretary • adminis ave asisan o a senio miliay oce adjtant • condenial assis

ambl I athlts an o a senio miiay oce adedecamp .pies's liugical assis an acoyte assumin • assumpion made as a basis fo fuhe easoning: ypotupo n assumpions: assumpions: supe • based upon posttous asma • djective astmatc • peson sueing fom ashma: asthmatc .dug aken by ashmaics o widen he bonchi broncodator • insumen measuing ashmaics' lung capaciy: peak fo meter asrlgy • asological foecas of fuue evens: oroscope .aso logical cha: zodac .seco on an asological cha ouse, sgn asrnau  ainee asnau space cadet .asonau's poecive clohing: spacesut • asonau's peiod of physical aciviy in space ouside he spacecaf: space ak, extravcuar actvty • asonau's supply line duing exavehicula aciviy umbca • imagined dis oion oion of space space ime ime enabling enabling as aso o naus o beach he laws of physics space arp ena .Lt e Mnerva aleics • ahleic cones wh wo evens fo al compeios: baton • ahleic cones wih hee evens f all compeios: traton • ahleic cones wih fou evens fo  com peios: tetraton • ahleic cones wih ve evens fo all compeios: pentaton • ahleic cones wih seven evens o al compeios: ept aton • ahleic cones wih en evens fo a compeios: decaton • inenaional ahleic cones fo he disabled: araympcs • ahleic even no a ace fed event .a leic even involving acing: track event • balanced seies of ahleic execises: crcut • disc hown by an ahlee: dscs .lage heavy ball hown by ahlee sot • ahlee

At t Oa I attitd compeing in shor races sprter  ahee compeing in middle or long disance races distace ruer .ahees warm oversui racksut • weaherproof racksui se sut anic cean  equaorial re gion of he Alanic wih uncerain winds: dodrums .warm curren running norhwes from he G of Mexico Guf Stream, Nort Aac Dr amspere  having a sae warm amosphere frosty fuggy, fusty stuffy .device o improve a rooms amosphere ioizer • map line join ing points of equal amospheric pres sure: isobar .regins of he earhs crus and amosphere inhaied by liing organisms biospere  suc cessive regions of he earhs amos phere: tropospere, stratospere mesospere termospere ioospee • inerface beween ropo sphere and sraosphere tropopause .inerface beween sraosphere and ionosphere stratopause  ozone rich layer in he sraosphere ozoe ayer .thin area in his: ozoe oe  proportion of moisure presen in he amosphere: umdity .elong aed region of high amospheric pres sure rdge  elongaed region of low amospheric pressure troug .area of amospheric pressure lower hn hose around i depresso .un sale atmospheric pressue: urbu ece  insrumen measuring a mospheric pressure barometer am  aom wih a ne psiive or negaive charge: io  ams cenral core: uceus (. nule)  frce hold ing aoms geher bod  onded grup f ams: mocue  group f aoms ehaving as a uni: radica  cnsiuen of an am: parce subaomic parice, eemeary par tice  force holding quarks neu rons and proons geher wihin he nucleus srog orce  echnolg

20

for manipuaing aoms and mol ecues aotecoogy  aomic caesum cock clock caesum aac • inessenial exra iem a ached  o somehing somehing appedage • aachmen eeen newborn ian nd is moher: umbca cord   (f a isaack  bii f ease) epsy (. elesy) • brief a ack foray, cursio, say, sortie • erce aack bitz, osaugt  sudden aack strke .sudden sur prise aack: coup de ma ( us e man) • sudden aack from a de fensive posiion say sorte  aack on an enemy posiion assau .un prooked aack aggressio  aack designed o disable a perceived hrea: fs strke preemptive strike .re sponse o aack couratack, outeroffesve secod stre .aack by aircraf: air raid re peaed aacks from lowying air craf strafig .denoing a miiary aack carried ou wih grea preci sion surgica • crime of aacking a person assaut  person or hing  vulnerable o aack so target aenan  group of aendans upon an imporan person: etourage, retue, trai • proecive a endan bodyguard mider aenin  focus he aenin cocerae .cenre of aenion cyosure .frcing he aenin trudesined o sive, obtrusive • aciviy desined disrac aenion dversio .avoid ance of aenion o profie  craf ily aviding aenion: furtve .ime spen devoing ones aenion o an ity ime oher ua ity aiue  se of aiudes metaiy, midset .se of atiudes opposed o hse currenly prevailing: coutercuure .cnfrnaion of dferen aiudes cuture sock • spread of middleass maerialism emboureoim  persn wih udaed

attat I awa

2

attitdes fogey  stil adherng to old attitdes unreconstructed, unregenerate attract  bargain offered to attract cstomers comeon, osseader  attractive bt worthless meretri cious aurgin .abergne n Greek cisine meitanes  abergine in Indian cisine brinja action at a t which the th e price auctin  action is progressively redced: Dutc auction  item sold at an action ot .price which an item mst reach be fore being sold reserve, reserve price, upset price  secret aliance of prchasers at an action to force down prices ring audita  adiota e machine recording telephone messages a nsering macine anserpone container fo r adiotape cassette  container  native Astralian ustraian Aborigi Aborigi nal  Astralian wid dog dingo .ostrichlike Astalian bird emu .river backwater n Astralia lled only by oods biabong .large area of pastre run  Astralian term for a British person ommy  Astralian term for an nskile famhand rouseabou, roustabout  Astralian terms for the rral hinterland backbocks, outback ustrian  title of former Astrian emperos aiser  Astrian mayor burgomaster  Astrian province Land  Lnder .Astrian fok dance nder .Astrian chocolate cake Sacertorte ( ahertrten autr  athor employed to write for another gostriter .athor of m and TV scrits: screenriter, scenarist  athor's yothfl otpt uveniia  athors inabiity to thnk o new material riter's bock  athors assistant, taking down dictation or copying drafts amanuensis



 false name sed by an athor nom de pume, pseudonym  righ of

athors to royalties from libraries pubic ending rigt .person in charge of a dead athor's works iterary executor  assign athorship attribute

autrity  with fl athority ex  showing athority catedra magsteria  shared athorty partnersip  intrsively athoritarian officious .misse of athority mis feasance .area of athority remit, terms of reference .legal athority to act for another poer of attorney  person athorized o act for another proxy autrizatin  athorzation to proceed commission mandate remit  be absent withot athorization take Frenc eave autmatic  introdction or se of atomatic eqipment automaon  done in atomatic response to a stimls refex autumn  ne weather in late atmn ndian summer, St Luke's summer, S Martin's summe avaia  avaable bt not obligatory optiona  available to al: open  general avaiabiity open access, open door  acceptance of what happens to be avaiable pot uck  not avaiable inaccessibe avcad  Mexican dish of mashed avocao guacamoe avid  have no dealings wth boycott  avoid skilflly and repeatedly eude, evade .avoid a need or difclty obviate award  erson receiving an award aureate  statement of reasons for bestowng an award: citation cbii  frs ab(s) (.g. away  cbii (.g. abdut ap(o) (.g. aee de de  (.g. dedut ou (.g utbund

22 e   e I ax                                                                                                                                                

x  smal axe hatchet can Indian axe: tomahak saughterer's axe: poleaxe

 Ameri  anim  cim

ers ice axe: polet

t

 axe handle haft

 Aztec tempe teoca

Bb ay • jective nfantle • baby ess tan four eeks od neonate • baby it insufcient bood oxygen: blue baby .one of to babies born at a brt tn .one o hree babies born at a irt trplet • one of fo babies born at a bt quadruplet .one of ve babies born at a birt: quntuplet • set of cotes for a neborn baby layee • bay's bed cot cradle • baby's sma portabe bed carrycot • babys ickerork cot Moses basket • babys pasic teat: comforter dummy • babys ong egged feeding cair: g car .baby's babbing lallaton • ind suffered by a baby colc • feed a baby enever it cries: demandfeed • breastfeed a baby: scle • oman empoyed to sucke anoter's baby et nurse .discoage a baby om breastfeedng ean .iquid baby food to repace breast mk: formula • bounce a aby: dandle • rst faeces of a neorn nant: meconum .unexpained det of a seeping baby: cot deat sudden nfant deat syn drome .abandoned baby of unknon parentage: foundlng • baby secrety substituted for anoter cangelng .scay skin on  baby's  ead: crade cap • space beteen te parts o an baby's sku: fontanelle  apparatus providing specia envir onment for a remature baby incuba tor • pouc for carrying a baby: slng • institution oering daytime care of abies: crce • kiing a baby n fanticde acs • Geek  Donysus  ae ooer of Baccs baccant .femae fooer of Baccus: bac

cante maenad • sta carried by Baccus' fooers: tyrsus ack . cbiifrs dors .jectivs dorsal (lowe back lumbar • back soping forard at e top mpbac uncba  back of a eaf of paper: verso .ying on one's back: supne • bag strapped to te back: aversac napsac rc sac ack aain  cbii frs ana (eg mess) re (eg. retr) ackn . jectives spnal mye lod • aving a backbone: vertebrate • aving no backbone nvertebrate .jont of meat containng a backbone: cne ackr • person ending money to nance a  or pay: angel • person betting on a raceorse: punter ackwards  cbii f retr (eg retrset) acn • side of acon: fltc • sice of bacon: raser • cube of bacon ar don .toug outer ayer on bacon: rnd .denoting bacon aving aternate strips of ft and ean streay acrium • bacteria in contamin ated food scerca col lstera • bacterium causing gonorroea: gonococcus • bacterim causing pneumonia and denta decay: strepto coccus • bacteria cutivated for experimentation: culture • test for bacteria: Gram stan • sbstance arresting te mutipication of bac teria bacterostat  sustance kiing bacteria: antseptc bactercde dsnfectant • study of acteria: bacterology

0

bd   b   a  ne                                                                                                                    24  ad

. cbi i s caco (eg ahny) dys (eg dysfuntn) mal (eg maladmnsratn) ms(eg msadventure) • eceptionaly bd: egregious .mously bd: no torious  grduy getting worse: insidious . ing's bd spects donside • bd bre alitosis

adg .owershped bdge o col oured ribbon: rosette • scool or sport tem bdge: colours adgr • mle bdger: boa  bdger's burrow: eat, sett adly • cbii  ata (eg atahress) mis (eg msmanae) adminn • bdmion bt racket • ethered cor used s  bl suttle, suttleock • stre te bal t ommence ply: serve ad as • person ving bd tste boor, groundlin, ulgaian • vulgrly sowy: garis, audy, uid a • plsc or pper bg wit n dles: caie bag • cpciou bg: dal/, tote ba • smll bg or cos metic vanity bag • sml seed bg acet  trveling bg: ri,  suitcase .sm trvelling bg val ise • twosectioned rveling bg: Gladstone ba, ortmanteau • bg strpped to the bck aersack, knasack, ksack  shool bg on  long strp: satcel  ylndricl cnvs bg with  drwsrg duffel ba  or's bg ditty bag .sol dier's bg: kitba  rtrelers' houlder bg caryon, flit ba



• bg or crrying  child on the bck

aoose .lrge bg t he sde o  moor cycle, best o burden, etc an nie • bg used to remoe  orpse

rom n ccident, btleld etc body ba .lrge bg or protection gns eposure suriva bag  sl piece o psiccovered wire used to secure the neck o  plstc

bg tist tie brne: sac

• bglie

body mem

agis .Iris bgpipes: uillean ipes • sml belowpowered bg pipes musette • pipe on bgpipes on wic e une is plyed canter

• pipe on bgppes used to produce  coninuous bss noe drone • sril sound o bgppes: skil

ail • py bil money or noter: stand bail, stand surety • bscond, vng gined relee by bil jump bail baking .miure o our nd yest or bing: dou • yes Ubsitute used in bing: bakin oder alanc • ective equilibrious . stlcl te liba .stte of blne equlibrium • bnce o orces or interests: equioise • per son

perorming

blncng

ets acrobat, juggler, funambulist • self blning yweel: gyroscope .lose bnce: ovebalane

Balins • Blinese percussion or cesr gamelan Balkan • Bln gerrl: cetnik all .lrge blc b sed n bowls ood • sml wite l used in bowls jack • bl used in ice ockey: puck • bl tt is out o ply dead ball .hevy eercise bl medicine ball .lrge met bl trown in  letics: ammer, sot • spied metl bl used s  wr obscle: catrop  bll o decorted blw glss: itc ball .orwrd spin o  bll: tosin all • blet compny cors de ballet .chie emle bale dncer: ima balleina .leding bet dn cer: corye .rnkadle blet dncers cos de ballet • eme bllet dncer bal/eina, danseuse • mle bllet dncer danseu • r supporing blet dncer doing eer cises: ae  blerns short srt:

25

tutu  bet hoe with trengthened toe pote soes  baet tep: pas  arm moement port de bras  pin made on one foot prouette  poture with one eg ifted at right ange ar abesqe  erie of tep for a baet choreograpy  peron deiing coreograper thee:  peon teaching baet dancer their tep rptteur  oo dance pas seu dace fo two peope pas de deux .dance performed on the tip of the toe pote, e pote  hort dance to dipay tehnique dvertssemet  baet enthuiat: baltomae � see ls dacer alloo arge baoon mooed in group to frutrate air attack barrage baoo  baoon ga container: eveope  encoed panger com partment beow a baoon: godoa a  ban on trade embargo  ban on impemenation of a deciion veto  ban on deaing with a pero, organization, etc: boycott a  band cnductor badmaster  chief muician in a band badeader roofed outdoor band patform: badstad aag  bandage upporting an injured arm sg ooey woven deing gauze  bandage twited tight to top the ow of bood tourqet  bandae tiffened with pater of Pai ast, paster cast  pad ap pied to top beeding compress  protectie o heaing materia paced o a woud dressg .abobent pad sab  aborbent pug tampo  o moit ma appied to reiee inammation poutce  aticia bank: berm ak  teep bank buff, scarp .arge defenive bank earthork .ong bank buit to preen ooding: dyke, embamet .artcia bank carrying a road or raiway embakmet

blloon I bkote

bak  bank deaing in ommercia oan and invetment mercat bak  depoittaking cooperative offeing cheap oan to member credt o  bank account for frequent depoit ad withdrawa: curret accout  bank acount for ongerterm depoit depost accout  bank ac count for evera peon: jt acout  bank account decit overdra cutomer book ecording depoit and withrawa on hi accoun bak book, pass book  bank card giving acce to cah di pener cas card  management of a bank account by teephone or com puter modem drect bakg, ome bakg, teebag  remove from a bank account debt  arrangeme for a third party to draw on one account drect debt  money pai into a bank account depost  money taken out of a bank account thdraa  bank depoit that cannot be withdawn before a et date tme de post  intruction to a bank to make reguar payment: stadg order  udden withdrawa of depot by many invetor ru  cheque drawn by a bak o it own fund bak dra, bakers dra  bank prined order for payment of a pced um moey order  cheque guaanteed by a bank: certfed ceque  bank etabihment fo the exchange of cheque cearg ouse  bank trading in hortterm oan moey market  banking tranaction ef fected via the teecommunication network eecroc trasfer of uds  wamounted depoit box ued when the bank i coed igt safe  ecure tore for auabe: sae depost, safety depost  bank ecure toreroom vaut bako  thin ne inide banknote paper tread mark  banknote deign viibe ony when hed up to the ight atermark

. ...                                                                                                       ....bankru bakpt  ofca appnted to manae te affas of bankupts re cver  eease a bankupt fom fu te payments dscar batsm  baptsm by dppn m merson  baptsm by poun ate oe affuson  baptsm y spk· ln asperso  peson makn pomses fo a c ben baptzed dparet r  sot ba attacn a cola to a st stud  ba at c dnks must be pad fo cas bar  ba at c te dnks ae ee op bar a o  ba code eade gt pe, ad  pass a lt pen oe a ba code pe barga  baan offeed to attact customes como, losseadr   sed baann to mutual adan· ae orstrad .efuse to on· ou a baan ree barg .l lt bae hrry  bae toed by anote boat butty  peson o oks on a bae bar e bak  emoe a tee's bak dcort ate  bak bused as a souce o tannn ta, tabark .tanbak used as a oundcoe: ta, spent ta  btte extact of cncona bak qune baromtr denotn a baomete usn a acuum box to measue at mospec pessue aeod .lqud metal used n a baomete mrcury quckver barr   lae bael hoshead, tu  sma bael k  peson o makes baels coopr  plank fom c baels ae made stav  meal band compessn a baels staes oop  smal oe n e sde of a bael: vt .plu fo a bael  ent: spot .ao a to ente a bae vet  open a bae broach  ooden pe to sea a bael sp

?

ba  cod bae cus bar rer  oadsde bae peentn ac· cdents cras barrer  mposed bae blockn a steet barrcad .nsumountabe bae Cese a  maned nsble bae: force fed barrst  bastes eaded co· lectely te bar  baste's ap· pentcesp puplae  baste adsn a cout mata jue advo cate  baste sen as a pat· tme jude: recorder  baste's of ce ambers  bastes adce on a pont of la opno  bas· tes  on etc court dress  case nfomaton and nstuctons en to a baste bre  bef en to a baste cosen by te ac cused le n cout dock brf  be to foo a case fo a clent not dectly noled n t atc bref  ntal fee pad to a baste: re tar  subsequent fee pad to a ba· ste n a on case rfresr _ on oc tte bestoed on a seno baste 's Counse, Quees Cousl .sc bastes coect· ey: th er bar  ote bastes colecely juors, te oute bar  oanzaton tann and eulat n bastes nn of Court .fobd a baste to pactce: dsbar bas  base fo a statu etc: pds t .mtay base arrso fot e base estabsed on an enemy soe beacead  foted base es tabsed nsde enemy tetoy brdhead .poposton used as a base o ute easonn ypot ss  ood basket ampr baskt  basket fo so futs puet  bas· ket fo aden eetables: tru  bas· ket fo dty clotes en baket  basket fo sen tems ork basket  basket on a cyce o donkey: par ooden neck·fame fo cayn baskets yok  o

b    a  r /  b                                                                                                                           28  

ar  dective ursne  young ea: cu barr  cbii frs fer, phre (eg semahre eay 'sgnbeae • peson caying the coss in Chistian pocessions: crucfer  peson caying a censer thurer barng  cbi frs ferus (eg rferus gerus (eg crnerus ast  decive esta, anima, fera  eastlike chaacteistics: an

maty baty . cbi i fr cai  poducts claiming to impove the ap peaance of the skin: csmetics  execises designed to impove stength and appeaance cathen cs  not eautiful pan bavr • young eave: kt, ktten  eavers den: ge bomg  cbii fr escent  ecoming liquid eques cen • ecoming otten putrescent  ecoming sexually matue: pues cen b  ed thout head o footoad van  ed ith a canopy suppoted y pots: furpster  matching pair of singe eds tin es • nao ed oen one of a tieed set: unk • canvas ed suspended y cods at its ends hammck • potale ed for the inued: stretcher  enclosed ed caied on poles: tter  xed ed on a tain ship etc: erth  NHS hos pital ed fo hich a chage is made amenty , pay e  ed made up as a pactical oke ith a single sheet folded ack o tself appepe e  eds solid fame estea  canopy ove a ed tester  panel at a eds head heaar  hick upper edcoveng sen in sectons eer n, q uit  faic case stud ith feathes etc as a mattess o pllo tck  onamental cloth edcove esprea  edcoveing consisting

of a quilt ith a detachale cove cntnenta qut, uvet • conned to ed eren .longhandled ass pan fomely used to am a ed: armg pan .Japanese quilted mattess used on the loo as a ed: futn  animals edding of sta etc: tter b .dective: apan .femae ee queen .male ee rne  steile ee doing most of the tasks of the goup: rker .lage goup of ees sarm  hexagonal ax stuctue uilt y ees hneycm  sustance fed to potntial queens rya ey  stuctue fo ees to live in: eehve, hve  goup of eehives apary • peson ho studies o keeps ees apiarst b .cut of eef fom the outside leg: sverse .cut of eef fom the east rsket  cut of eef fom the loe pat of the spine: n • est pat of this: srn  highquality eef taken fom the hindquates steak  lean cut fom the ump: tp se .oned siloin steak entrecte  thick steak of llet ef: chaeaur an • small thick slice of llet eef: turnes • seasoned dish of a steak and egg: steak tartare  eef ste th onions and ee carn nae • Fench eef ste: grae • eef cooked in a sou ceam sauce eef strganff  seasoed smoked eef: pastram  at cake of minced eef urger ber  ee eed and stod taditionally: cask eer, real ae • ee stoed ith caon dioxide: keg ee  ee seved fom a ulk containe raugh eer • nitogen device in some ee cans get  dak hoppy ee m .dak ee made ith oasted malt stut  dak ee made th chaed malt prter .light ef fevescent ee: ager  teated gain fo eng mat, grst  ate used in eing: qur .mat and liquo

2

mxture mash  reakdn f sugars n eng fermntation .mature furter after fermentatn condition .larfy a re fne .nal taste f eer finsh  fam n eer head  eer mxed t a s drnk shandy .drnk f lager and draugt der: snakebite .tall eer mug t a andle tankard .large eartenware eer mug stein .pers makng eer breer  eer art  r lrry dray eete  djctiv coeoterous  eetle nstng ktens et cockroach  tkng drng eetle deathatch beetle  lumnesent eetle goorm  sared eetle f anent Egypt scarab  student f eetles coleopterst eore  cii fs afore(g afremenne) ante, fore (g frelay) pre, ro .at r appen efre sme ter een) anticiate roactive  atng efreand  tng r persn cmng efre an  ter oreruner, recursor, redecessor  efre te ar antebeum, rear  feelng en n a ne stu atn f ang experened t efre dj vu eg .lng y eggng mendicant  eggng te questn eito rinciii eger .keen r amtus egnner asprant  nexperened egnner novice, tyro  sutale fr egnners entreve egg  cii fr escet (.g besen)  dctivs embryonic, incient, incetve, nchoae initial, nascent .sudde egnnng outbreak, outburst  frm te egnnng ab nto, ab ovo, de novo ehavour . cii f ery (g flery)  generally aepted eaur r ts rules conventon, etquette, rotoco .persn's dstnt

bt I bi eaur trait, e qurk, mannersm, dosyncrasy .unn entnal eaur eccentrcty, de vance .ld's playful mseaur mischef .mrally rret eaur conformity, decorum, roriety, recttude, virtue  eaur ntended t ful sal expet atns roe paying  eaur amed at ters' enet atruism .serle eaur: toadyng, truckling .dsnest eaur seaze, skulduggery  mmral eaur vce .emplyee's mprper eaur misconduct .engraned pattern f maladapte eaur ersonaity disorder  stfy elleaed rim  strt and resered n eaur unbending  reang prprety r nentn transgressve .dentng eaur expressng nes feelngs f sal superrty uerciious  mtatn f eaur mimess .enuragement f desred eaur y reards renforcement, postve renforce ment  enuragement f desred eaur y essatn f punsment: negatve renforcement  sent study f uman r anmal ehaur: behavoura scence bed . cii retro ( rerhr)  end t payments n arrears . cii f onto eg  study f te nept f eg ontoogy ee  system f elefs doctrine, dogma  system f relgus eef fath  rm elef convcton .ms taken elef falacy, msarehenson  elef tat all matter as an element f nsusness anpsyism  elef tat plants and nanmate jets pssess suls anmm .dctrne f desgn and purpse n te materal rld teeoogy  tradtna elefs f a mmunty folkore  redulus elef n te

b ll    I bt                                                                                                           

supenatua superstitio  beie that ne's natin is superi chauvism ethocetricity jigosm .pe son dying  his beies martyr • person changng his  he bees t suit pevaing ashin time server  cect a mistaken bee dsabuse  pubicy dison a beie recat  sti adheing t d beies urecostructed unregeerate  pesn abandning reigious  pitica be es apostate  unabe to beieve icredulous ll  be rung t instruct pepe t etun t thei huses cue  be ung  the ecitatin  Roman Cath  ic payes commemratng the In carnation agelus • be ung at death  a unea kell  aam be tocsi • be's tngue clapper • be te campale  at  be ingng campaology • set  bes r campangy pea .arge set  bes  musica pefomances carillon logg to . cbii fr ie (eg Alne  sense  nt be ngng' aleato low . cbii frs hypo (eg hyermc  lteay beneat t skn nra (eg nfrastructure, sub be the theshd  cnscius ness sublimial lt  rnamenta bet sash • na menta bet n ith men's evening dess cummerbud  namenta bet n by champin bxe Los dae bet  bet n by a beginne in matia ats hite bet  bet n by an expet in matia ats bac bet  bet n by cetain p ice and amy ces th a stap  ve the shude Sam Broe  sma bet caying cardges badoier  shude bet supptng a s etc n the ppsite hp ba dric • betattachment t hd a s fro  padde bet suptn  henia truss

                  30   

h .ng backess bench orm ng oden bench ith high back sette  uphsteed bench against a a baquette  • Vshaped bend  a rad harpin bend deectin o ight o radi aves passing om one mdium t anthe reracto • bending eadiy lexible pliable .u o bends exuous siuous ath  cbii frs hypo ra (eg nfrastructure sub  be neath the eath's suace subterra nea  beneath the skin hypoder mic subcutaeous  beneath ne's diity ira dig t  ecipoca benet qud pro quo • state benet paid to ds abed persns needing hme cae at tendance aloace  state benet osetting a disabed pesn's ss  earnings dsabity beeit • state benet paid t thse tempraiy  k thugh iness sickness bene t • state payment t the ongtem sick ncapacity beeit  state bene t assstng tave  the dsabed moblity alloance  state payment to a miy n o incme amily credit  situatin hee any ncease in incme tiggers a countebaancng ithdaa o state benets overty trap .seemng benet designed t cause  ecipient trube poisoed chalice  • cbii fr para (eg arathyr t  best 

 crme de a crme

par excelece • best avaabe aute de mieux pis aler t  bet ecmmended as a nea ce tanty ap  bet paced by thse ith expet knedge smart moey  bet in hich nnngs and stake m a st event ae paced n a sec  nd doube  bet n hich intia nnn ae paced n a seies o sub seuen events accumuator  bet

baal I biblil g

3 with cumlatively dobled stakes: mrtnge  bet naming the rst two in their correct order: peect  bet namng te rst two, but not giving their order qunel  bet naming the rst tree in their correct order: trcst  be that a horse will nish in the rst three plce plcebet  denoting a bet placed on a horse be fore the runnrs are announced: ntepost  denoting a bet made for a win or a place: ecy  nal odds at the star of a horse race: strtng prce  money etc put don on a bet: ste  system where those backing the rst three divide the total stake: prmutuel  sysem where wn nings are caculated frm the total staked no from odds offered: totlz tor, totzer, tote  per$on ho takes bets: boomer .person holding bets laid: steolder  make a bet:

plce traal  betrayal of one's country: treson  person doing this: renegde, trtor  person deserting one side to on the other: trmmer, turncot ttr  cbii f out ( utsmat

 better

than what is on geneal oer: preferentl .progres sively benecial cycle of cause and ef fect: vituous crcl

tw

. cbii f nter  between wo other things: nter medte  between living pople:

nte vvos o  cbii fs etr( extaterrtral, ype (. hyersnc, met ( metahyscal, pr ( aanrmal super ( suenrmal supr ( sura natnal, sr ( surreal, trns( transnanal, utr (. ultra

 beyond ones authority: vres  beyond what is neces supererogtory, de trop  go

mntane

ultr

sary: beyond: trnscend

 

. unfair bias: discrmnon,

fvourtsm, prtty, prt prs, prejudce  deliberate bias n aour of those usually discrminaed against postve dscrmnon

B

 rst

part of th ible, con taining the Jewish scripturs: Od Testment . rst ve bok of the Old Testament: entteuc  rst sx boks of the Old Testamen Hetuc  rst seven books of the Od Testament: Heptteuc  secod part of the Bible, containing urther ewish scriptures not fond in h Hebrew canon: Apocryp  third part of the Bble containing the Chris tian scriptures: Ne Testment  ewish commentary pon the Od Tstament: Msor, Mrs  ew ish mystical interpretation f the Old Testament: bbl  Greek r sion of the Old Testamen: eptugnt  textual criticism of the Bible oer crcsm  biblical exegesis from a comparative historical and culural standpoint: ger crtcsm  ier pretation of biblical symboism: tpology  biblical passage read lur gcaly: esson  list f bibica reaings: ectonry  biblical etc passage upon which a sermo is preached: tet

al gurs  the rst hman: Adm  his w: Eve  the rst murderer: Cn  his victim: Abe

 Noah's

grandfather, said to have lived 969 years: Metusel patri arch in charge of the ark: No  fathe of the ewish nation: br m  his wife r  his son, oered as a sacice: sc  grand son of Abraham, later caled srael: Jcob  acob's son, later a ruler in Egypt: Josep  saelt leader in the Exodus Moses  Moses' assist ant: Aron  Moses' successor, leader in the conquest of Canaan: Josu  national sraelite leader in emergen cies: judge  sraelite eader famous

32 I  b                                                                                                                                        

       

or h s strength: Samso  Philitine seductress of amson: Della  rst k of Israel: Saul  second king of srael Davd  Philistine giant slain by David: Goat  son of David: Asaom  hird king of Israel: Soo mo  skilled hnter: Nmrod  furious charioteer: Jeu  pro caimer o the wi of God propet  rophet ascending to heven in a hart Eja  Eliahs successor: Elsa  Je cast into the lions' den: De  prosperous Jew suddenly deprived of everything: Jo  biblical sea monste: evatan

yl roadste

 bicycle  bccle

for general use with broa tyres and many gers: mouta ik  bicyce whose rider lies on his back re cue  bicycle for two riders, one saed behin he other tadem  bi cyce with one wheel moocycle, u cyce treewheeled bicycle t cyce  ary bicycle with one very large ad one small wheel: pey fat  early bicycle pushed along by he riders feet: veocpede  sup port for a bicycle wheel: fork  small weel steadying a child's bicycle sta e  aing cycles sealed yre tu bua tye  bicycles milege meter: ccoetr  bicycle handebars wit handles below the bar dop rs  bicycle handgrip that may be twisted to change th gears twsp  particular cycle gear rao speed  bicycle gea tht move the chain to dierent cogs: de alleu  shaped slot for quick wheelhan: dopout  cycle witout pedalling: feewee  ump mad on a biycle whie standing on the pedals buy op  cyclist's tick of ridn with the front whel o the gound wee le  bag beside a cycles rear wheel: paie

l

 cb o

examination

of

colaoapy

the

co ble

 ay ducts:

ll  hotel or restaurant bi ac cout, ta  itemized bill: voce  biliardplayer's stick: lars cue  cue support: rest .ong stick to support the cue rde, je

 stroke

made with an inclined cue mass  stroke in which the cue slips mcue  bal struk by the cue: cue al  ball at which the cue bal is aimed oject al  revolving motin parted to the ball sp  backspin given to the cue ball: screw  sidespin given to the cue ball: sde  stroke in which the cue bal strikes both the others: cano  pouch into which the ball is sruck pocket  strike a bal into a pocket pot  stroke pocketing a ball aad  direct pocketing of the cue ball: coup  brush ast another ball: kss  successul turn at play reak  scorekeeper: maer

ngo

 person announcing the um

bers drawn caler . card with every number marked off: ful ouse

nolars . outdoor bnoculars: fed asses .theatre binoculars: opera asses ology  biological classcatio taxoomy  bological clase: fam y, eus, speces  biology of possible life on other planets astoo oy, eoooy  health or environmental risk posed by microbiological experimentation oa

ad 

 cob o

av, ort  djectives ava, orntc  bird too young to leave the nest: estn  bird ust able t ly fedl  group o f birds: ft  bird hunted by man ame d  earliest known bird, a kind of ying dinosaur: acaeoptey . mythical bird, said to bu itself every 50 years and rise agan from the ashes poex . large xtnct ightless bird dodo

bth I bsop

33  tl pink wding bird: fmngo  birds imitting humn speech budgergr, myn, prrot denot ing  bird ble to feed itsef soon fter htching preo denoting  bird unble to do this tr bird's uter prt of  bird's clw tlon wing pnon forked bone between the neck nd brest of  bird: sbone  bird's muscur stomch gzzrd membrne between the toes of group of  swimming bird eb eggs lid by  bird t oe te lut  mssed birdsong  dybrek dn orus birds' sesonl chnge o hbit mgrtion glide or sor withou wing movement pne loss of  birds mrkings due to moulting elpse bird's clening its fethers with its bek preenng mss of bones nd fethers regrgittd by a bird of prey peet  plce where birds rest t night oost enclosure for keeping birds vry 0 luin ium identicion strip round  bird's leg rng tie up  bird's wings nd legs pnon, truss person who rers or keeps birds vuturst  study of birds ornoogy

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

rth

0 cb

f geness  djectve nt  close to the time of birth nerterm, perntl b stetrics deling with this period perntoogy explsion of  fetus before i cn surive indpendently mscre  vginl dischrge t the onset f lbour: o shorten ing of ueri e muscles before nd dur ing birth ontrtons 0 nducing uterine contrctions eboc new born ospring neonte birth of offsprng redy ded stlbrt  mtter dischrged fter birh erbrt, o  denoting or occurring in the time immeditely before or er birth: perntl rst ilk pro duced by  cow or got fter giving birth beetngs  vg birth by mens of eggs ovprous giving

0

0

0



0

0

0

irth

to ive ospring vvpous  giving brth from ggs htched within the body ovovvpous  proucing one osprin t  birth unprous producing severl off spring t  birth mutpous  rup o f nimls prduced t  birth ltte one of three ospring born t  birth trpet  one of four offspring born t  brth: qudruplet, qud one of ve offspring born t  birth quntupet, qun one six sprn brn t  birth sextuplet  one of seven offsprng born t  birth septupet  one of eight off spring born t  birth octupet 0 pl cent nd foetl membrnes dis hrged er giving brth rbrt  difculty in giving birth dystoc  virgin birth prtenogenesis re birth in nother body: renrnton  present from birth congentl , con nte  following birth posptum  hormone stiulting milk produc tion fter giving birth proltn  rtio of births to size of popultion brt rte, ntty  equivlence of birth nd deth rtes zero poputon grot �see ls dr

0

0

0



0

thgvg  cb f rous (g vivipaos) sut thin crisp bisci fer  thin crisp biscuit mde of our d wter ter bsut thin dry bis cui rer thin nrow biscuit lngue de t  hrd biscuit: nut  rich crubly biscuit sortbed, sorte currnt biscit grbd light mond biscut: mc roon  biscuit of nuts in  chocolte bse foentne

0

0

0

shop  djectves esop, pon tfl 0 bishops collectiey epscopy 0 chief bishop ptrrh, pme  senior bishop arbsop, mtropotn 0 bishop in chrge   diocese doesn 0 ssisnt ishop odjutor, suffrgn  sveegn's

34 blo od  e I b                                                                                             etter nomnatng a bshop letter mssve  bishops ordnaton: consecraton  bishops ht mtre  bishops overvesment dalmatc  bishops ong surpice rocet • bishops sta

crook,

croer,

pastoral

staff • bshops ceremonia char trone • bihps oding cha faldstool

• archbishop or metropoitans area o authori provnce • bishops area o authorit: docese, see  bishops

epscopate period o oce • bihops etter to  his cerg pas tora letter  bishops inspection o • mve a his docese vstaton bishop o another see: translate bte

 take smal bites nbble • bite

persistet gna

blak

. cb frs melan• back box in an arcrt: flgt recrder • back hoe in astronom collapsar  boundar o a back hoe': event oron  back ung caused b miners inhaation o coa dust atracoss pneumoconoss  back hairste with tight braids givng a geometrica scap pattern : cornros • person having one white and one back parent mUlatto • person haing one whit and one muatto parent: uadroon . person o mixed Euroan and back descent Creoe blakbad • wooden rame sup portig  backboard: easel blkrant • Frenh backcurrant iueur: casss blak mag .Haitian back magi: voodoo  West Indies back magi oea blaksmth  backsmith's worksop orge, smty  backsmiths meta workbock anvl blae  cb r cyst(o) ectves cystc, vescal  nam maion o the badder: cystts  terna eaminaion o the badder: cytoscoy  surgica cuttig o the bader cystotomy  surgica oper



ation

remove the badder cystectomy  thin tube or draning the badder cateter

blade

to

• rotatng

bade  shrpen a meta bade et

blae

vane

 person

bame  or

scapegoat,

made to bear the anothers wrongdoing ppng boy • ree

rom bame exculpate exonerate,

vndcate blnd • bind with anged sats: alouse  bind with pivoting sats: ven etan bln d blndness • partia bndness scot oma • bndness over ha the ed o vision emanopa  nabit to see in the dark ngt blndness, nyctalopa • dog raned to ead the bind gude dog � see  colour blndness, sgt bld . cb frms aem, • djectvs aema aemat, aemal, aematc sanguineou • bood ce corpuscle • proportion o corpusces in bood, or the determination o this blood count • red bood cell erytrocyte . white bood ce: leucocyte • sma mphatic eucocte lympocyte  abnorma eucocte n eukaemia lympoblast • bstance coouring erthroctes aemogob  coouress ud part o bood: plasma . discshaped ce ragment in blood platelet, t rombo cyte . amber iquid poduced b coaguatng bood: serum  bood ovement round the bod crlato • denotng the heart and bood vesses cardovascular  denotng the brain and is bood vesses cerebrovascuar  coagulated bood clot, trombus  indeuate supp o bood: scaema . obsruction o the bood supp: nfarcton . stoppage o bood to the bran: stroke  stop bood owng rom a wound stauc, ste . substance stoppng

36 t I   b   e                                                                                                                                       blood vessel capary  brege of cpillres below the sn rptre, ontuson  nlmmton of ven wlls phebts  ptchy nlmm on of smller veins angts, vascults • swollen vein n the legs varcose ven • vricose veins on te spermtic cord varcocele .tret ment of vrcose vens by nectons to hrden ther wlls sclerotherapy  swollen vens n the nus haemor rods, ples • nrrowg of blood veses vasoconstrcton • widening of blood vessels vasodlaton • drg nrrowng blood vessels vasocon stctor . drug widenng blood vesses: vasodlator  cusng the con strcton or dlttion of blood vessels vasomotor  throb of n rtery s blood psses plse  plce where rterl bleedng my be stopped by pressre: pressre pont  medcl puncturng of  ven venepnctre • surgcl openng of  ven: phlebot omy, venesecton  Xry exmnton of  ven angoraphy,

venography ble . cmbiifrm cyano . ectives azre, cyanc  brlnt lght blue electrc be  dr ble royal ble  ye drer blue nvy ble  brillnt deep ble ltramar ne • bluetnged sn due to poor crculton cyanoss blder • soc blunder ae, aux ps  blunder n speing sp o the tonge, aps s ln gae bl . djective erbescent cosmetc reddeng the chees blsher boar  bord mde of hn lyers of wood with lterntng grn pyood

 bord mde of plster set between pper pastrboar  bord mde of lyers of glued pper pasteboar  strong pstebord used n boo covers m  bor  bord wth  networ of sml oles eboar

 orizontl

bords wth overlppng

edges eatherboardn

boarg  Contnentl bordng house penson  bordg estblshment for cts: cattery • bording estblishment for dogs kennels



boat . lotng pltform: ra hollowed out of  log dugot

• bot • lt

bottomed squreended bot pnt . ltbottomed bot spporting  brdge pontoon • sm slng bot dnhy • lght fst bot yacht • Mlyn slng bot proa • sm ored bot used n the Fr Est sampan  lght rowng bot for o ne person scll, sk • rdtonl Nle bo elcca  sm bot crried on  shp ctter, joly boat  lrge bot crried on  hip lonoat • ml bot plying beween  shp nd he • bo conveyng shore tender slors on sore leve: lbety boat  lrge motor bot lanch  motor bot wth lvng ccommodton cabn crser, oseboat • fst motor bo desgned to sm over th wter hydroplane  fst motor bot wth  vned hll hydrool • rescue bo: leboat  fst costl ptrol bot cutter  sml nvl prol bot vedee  sm powerfl bot towng shps: tg  nshore shng bot smack • shng bot usng nets trale • unpowered bot used o un  ltlod ships barge, gter bottomed bo crryng freght on nlnd wterwys bare  bot plyng to nd fro cros  stretch of ter erry  plesure bot on the Sene t Prs batea moche • nchored bot mrng the course of  rce stake boat . lght rcng bot shel  round wcerwor bot coracle  smll pedloperted plesure bot pedao  bot with one hul mono h  bot wth prllel twin hulls catamran  bot wth tree prllel ulls rmaran  bots secondry ull otrer  bots stblzng

37 lot: outrgger  bot wth  vned hull: ydrofo  potectve stp lon  bots sde rubbing strake  denotn  deckless bot open  spce t the bow o sten of n open bot seets  lt sufce formn  bots sten transom  unmoor  bot cast off  (of n open bot) eceve wte ove the unwes sip ater, sp a sea  scoop wte out of  bot bail  oup of bots fota  bot's sde bove wte freeboard  top of ths gunae  bots cn tnuous lne of plnkn: strake  sln bots ltble keel centre board, daggerboard  keel block to  vetclly tke the mst step hned p fo steen rudder  horontl b xed to the top of the udder: tile  bot's udde socket: gudgeon  udde pn pinte  bots bow ope: pater  bots steesmn cox, coxsin, elm, emsman  bots sudden chne of course: seer  bot ce on  couse ound obstcls: saom  secue  bot to n ncho o lnd moor  wede suppotn  beched bot: cock  depth of wte needed by  bot: raugt  pssble by shps nd bots: naigabe  see ls sip, sai

ng o  ci fs soat, some (.g. chomosome) . djecves corpora, corporea, persona, somatic  permnently dme  body t ai  body openn: me atus, orifice  body's chemcl pro cesses metaboism plble body pton o lnn membrane, sep tum  denotn ths: parieta  blke bodly membne sac

 oute

membrne envelpn the bn nd spnl cod: dura, dura mater  nne membne envelopn the bn nd spnl cod pa, pia mater  nee tssues contolln the body centra nerous system  bodly substnce conveyn  stmulus or

bod I bod othe nomton: messenger  destve psse throuh the body: ai mentary cana  cvty behnd the nose nd mouth: parynx  mn prt of the body wthout hed o lmbs torso, trunk  tube from guet, oesopa muth to gus  tube fom the throt to the luns tracea, indpipe  nmmton of the trche: traceitis  prt of the body between neck nd bdomen orax  e between the brests ceaage  bodly ons used n bethn respratory ract  musculr ptton between thox nd bdomen: diapragm  pt of the body between the thox nd on: abdomen  depesson n the belly: nae  ons of the mn bodly cvtes: iscera < on podu cn chemcs fo bodly use: gand  eultory substnce poduced by lnds ormoe  supposed e toy system fo the metbolsm: bo ogica cock, body cock  tube fom stomch to nus: intesne  sde between the bs nd hp: fak, loin font between chest n wst: midriff  membne lnn te bdmen: peritoneum  nlmmton of ths: peritonitis  duct conductn une fom the kdney t the bldde ureter  duct conveyn urne out fom the bldde: uretra  nmmton of the ueth uretrtis  lower bdomnl e: groin e between the top of the les: crotc, crutc  nl openn f the ntes tne: anus  e between the nus nd scotum o ulv perineum lower pt of the bdomen: pubes  tssue coven the pubc bone: mons pubis, mons Veners  ston elstc connectve tssue: cartilage  hormone oxdzn body su ins in  body s c contnn lud cyst  dseses chef bodly locton focus  swollen, hot nd pnful bodly stte: nfammaton  exceptonlly

bodY I  

                         . . .  .  . . .   .      . .      . . . . . .  . .  .  . .  . .    . . .    . .   .          .   .  .  .  .  . . .     . .    .    .

enitive bdy tte: rrtablty  cooue tiue uid lymp  ex ce o uid in the bdy dropsy oedema  exceive dichrge o uid flux  inucient uid in the body deydraton  inbiity to contro unction ncontnence body  bockge o  bodiy pge obstructon  exce ivey ow body tem· perture: hypoterma  denoting creture mintining  contnt bdy temerure ambooded  denoting creture whe body tem· perture vrie with tht o eir urrounding: coldblooded .pro duction nd dichrge o ubtnce by  bdiy orgn: secreton  body orgn ecreting chemic: gand  ipping dwn or orwrd o  bodiy orgn: prolapse  wting wy  n orgn r tiue: dystropy  un wnted ir in body tue: empysema  dmged body re leson . m bodiy weing nodule  gener bdiy weing dopsy oedema  burting  n rgn r ti ue rupture . itenng t bdy ound with  tethocope auscultaton  tudy o the body by diec· tin anatomy  mchine exmining the body by rdition, utroud, etc: scanner .medic mging o body orgn or tiue magnetc resonance magng .X·rying  ecion thrugh the body: tomograpy computerzed axal tomography  ub tnce whoe coure through the body my be monitored tracer  exmine the body by touch palate  digo· tic tpping o the body pecusson  cinic meurement o bodiy unc tion  indiction o continued ie al sgs  ue o eectric current o het the body' nner orgn dathermy  rubbing th e bdy t reeve pin etc massage  peron kied t hi masseu (fe masseuse  phyic trement o bodiy inurie or deormity: physohapy  ener



tiner wh twit hi r her bdy int0 1 abnormal positions contort onst ; . elegant bdily movements: men  bodily position: pos t ure  bodly movements or poture taken

to indicte thought nd eeing body language . awareness of the body poition knaestesa . ex  ceive bodiy enitivity: eretsm .orm nd deveopment o the bdy pysque  body type somatotype  peron with  en nd deicte body ectomorp  pern with  compct nd ucur body: meso morp  pern with  pump body endomorp . non·reproductive bod iy chrcteritic mneted t puberty: secondary sexual caracterscs  tiue etc inerted into the bdy by urgery mpant . rti· ci bdy prt: prostess  vioent nd uncontrobe body mvement: convulson  bdy' incpcity r e·movement: paralyss .cized deth nd decy  bodiy tiue: gangrene necross  ded body corpse  rebirth in nother body rencarnaton . cking  phyic body: ds-

carnate dscarnate ol  puriy by boiing o dst

 immere

briey in boiing wter:

scald o  ormtion o pu in  bo maturaton  cut  bo: lance olt . rge bot with  ronded hed coach bot  piece o met

with n intern thred to recive  bot nut o  bomb or it cing she gad  hd thrown bomb  crude hndthrown petro bomb: Mooo cockta  bomb cnining eied petro napalm bomb  bomb hidden under erth or wter nd ex pding n cntct: mne  bmb ex poding   xed depth under wtr deph chage  bmb trveing under it own power or remte  denoting  contred msse

bo I book

39 bomb euipped to nd its target om ng • bomb reeasing projecties on impact custer bomb • bomb expoding ino fragments: fragmentaton bomb . these fragments: srapnel • denoting a bomb causing res n cendary • denoting a bomb destroy ing iving beings rather than struc tures antpersonne • artilery and bombs ordnance • bob deonator: fuse • prepare a bomb by acivating its fuse arm, prme .peg deactivating a hand grenade: pn • bomb an area intensively: carpetbomb • de fusing or remova of unexploded bmbs bomb dsposa • defuse a bomb: dsarm • erce re caused by bombs frestorm � see s nucear

eapon o • ii fqrs oss() osteo • djetives osseous ostea osteogeness • boneformation • se t of bones supporting a boy ske eton • head bnes: sku • principa bone of the upper arm: umerus

 principal

bones of the lower arm radus, una .wrst bones: carpus • hand bones metacarpus • bone connecting he breastbone and shoulderbade: coarbone, cavce • at bone protecting he upper chest: breastbone, sternum • curved bone protectng the ower chest rb • set of  ineocking set hese: rcage of bones from the sku to he smal of the back: acbon, spne, spna column, verebra coumn • one of these bones: verebra (. verebae) • at bone in he upper back souderblade, sapua • bones at the base of the spina coun sac rum, coccyx • bony strucure to which the egs are aached: pevs • projecion of this beow the waist hp . trianguar bone formng the back o the pevis: sacrum • penis bone in certain mammals bacuum, os pens .principa bone of the upper eg: tgbone, femur • bone

covering the kn ee join kneecap, pa tela • bones of he ower eg: fbua, sn, snbone, tba . anke bones tarsus • foot bones: metatarsus • turn into bone ossy • so sub stance in bone caities: maro • pening in a bone: foramen .jint between bones commssure • close joint between bones: sympyss .fusion of bones in a joint ankyoss • rigid seamike junction between bones: suture • cord connecting a muscle to a bone: sne, tendon • bone decay cares  bone soening osteomaaca  break or crack in a bone: fracture .arrange the parts of a broken bone: set  (of broken bones) refuse knt  rgid support for a broken bone: spnt • stee rod rejoining fractured bones pn • bone britteness osteopoross • bone inammation ostets • bone cancer osteosarcoma • degeneration of bone and cariage in joins osteoartrs • death of bone tissue osteonecross . medica treatent of bone and musce deformities ortopaedcs • therapeutic manpu atio of bones and musces: osteop aty • bonehouse: carne ouse,

ossuary

o marow

• inammation

• djetive

myelod

of the bone marrow: osteomyets • maignant tumour of the bone marrow: myeoma

ook

• i

fr bbo • b made as a continuous rol: scrol • ancient handwriten book: codex ( codices) . eay prnted book: ncunabuum ( incnabla) • strong coth book for young chil dren rag book • accountbook edger . accountbook for he current day's transactions daybook, journa . accounbook for mior transactions cas book • ship's record book: journal, og • book isting propertyholdings in 1086: Domesday

bo     o                                                                                                                            40         I   Book . enoting a ook with remov ae pages: looseleaf • pubicity ooket rocure prospectus • instruction book andook manual . stuents book givig instruction  a subject course ook textook workook  eementary textook: prmer • book giving systematic information companon compen

dum

• book

encyclopeda

andook

intened for consutation on specic topics not iscursive reaing reference ook • ook for constant reference givg mmeate guiance companon vade mecum • book's treatment of a topic coverage • book contaning a coection of writings etc: antology collectanea com-

monplace ook lorlegum mscellany omnus • ook escribing dif ferent kins o animas estary

• book

compe to honour a schoar Festscri • book isting a region's animals fauna • book isting events etc of he current or preceing year: yearook • book wih sampes of good anwritg copyook  book isting herbs: eral . arge avishy ustate book: coffeetale ook • book givng he es of a angage grammar • book recording ivestock peigrees erd ook .Mass ook: mssl  book istig names an a resses: drectory • ook f psams psater  book of sermons: omlary .ist of books: lograpy .ist of books regare as correcty attribute to an author or as cassics canon • books pagesze an ayout format • white space create by a books inner margins gutter • part of a book precedng he main text front matter  pictures in a book lustratons pates • drawn materia  a book grapcs • ustration facing the tile page: rontispece  ma ecoraive design at the end of a chap ter etc talpece . ustrate a book with material taken from others:

grangerize

• insert

ank pages e tween he printe ones nterleave • short itrouction to a ook foreword . ist of chapters etc n a book contents .ist of errors found in a ook corrigenda  errata • it f con riutors to a ook: acknowledgements credts • ooks abreviate tie: srt ttle • book's section tite alfttle .page headine runnng ead • sort quotation at the start of a book or chapter epigrap .sum mary of a ook's contents astract epitome synopss • separate sec tion of a book eaing wih a pint of • book's na etail excursus summingup concluson • closig section of a book eplogue • extra section ade at he en of a ook appendx • sma ictionary at the ack of a book glossary vocaulary . extra page(s) repacig a eectie section cancel . rawn iustration i a book fgure . photograph repro uce in a book plate • bank page at the start or en of a book flyleaf • arge foout page gatefold • count a books pages: pagnate • piece of paper ith a page prnte on each sie: folo leaf • coun a books eaves folate • ook com pose of sheets foe once folo • bok composed of sheets foe twice: quarto • book compose of seets foe three tims octavo . righthan page of an open book recto . ehan page of an open ook: verso  ecorative paper nsi the covers endpaper • part of attache to the cover pastedown . ist of a books prtig errors: errata • part of a book puishe separ atey fasccle nstalment ofprnt preprnt • inerte sip earig the owner's name ookplate ex lrs  note in a ibrary ook showing where it is sheve elf mark • preparation and pubic sae of a book pusng • detas of a books



4 printer and publiher mprnt colopon .denoting a book with worn page: dogeared . dnoting a book ih dcooured page: foxed  book tand lectern  upport for a row of book bookend  production of machinereadable book: electronc publsng  bookcollector bblo ple  paionate enthuiam for coectin book bblomana  itin erant bokeer colporteur  pono graphic book: curosa, erotca � see  pubsing

bookbiing  glued unewn bind ng: peect bndng  binding hav

ing he pe in a dierent materia from he ret: quarter bndng .ne goatkn for binding: morocco  heepkin ued a a ubtitute for morocco roan  ckin mpreg nated with birchbark oi: Russa leater  bindng in limp le her which overhang the page yapp  trong pateboard ued in book cover: mll board  part of a bindng into which the page are ed: spne  embo ng o a book cover stampng  tool ng  emboing of a book cover without a cooured nay: blnd stampng, blnd toolng  book paper cover: dust

acket, dustrapper, acket, rap per bookmke  bookmae' igna ing ytem: tctac  bookmakr' aitant: runner boot  high waterproof boot ader

 piked

pate  for a clibe' boot crampo  hevy na rengthening a ole obnal  ma projection to a ole gving improed grip: stud bo  borderand between Eng and and Wae or coand: marces  harin a border contermnous contguous  having the ame bor de coerminous  border pot for paport and cutom contro: ceck pont  earhwork marking a border

dyke

bbd  bow ad arrows

boeom  ite boredom: ennu  bored through ack of variet: stale  tediu period: longueur . enghy and boring longnded  become borng: pall bo  born in wedock legtmate  born out of wedock: bastard llegt mate, natural booug  djective: muncpal

 chaperon

of a borough counc:

mayor . cbi i fs amb, bot amp b ( bconcave)  abe to ue

both

hand equay we ambdexterous  abe to ive or oper ate on both ld and water: ampib-

ous bottle  ma cyindrica bote pal .pocketzed bote: flask

 unarked bottle for erving wine or water carafe decanter  arge bote

proteted by a ame carboy .arge bote for home winemaking etc: demon  doublezed wne ote magnum  wine boe te the norma ze: eroboam  wine botle time the norma ize: reoboam  wine botte 8 time the noma ze: metusela  wine bote 12 time the norma ze salmanazar  wne bote time the norma ze baltazar  wine bote 20 tie the norma ize nebucadnear .very mal bottle of pirit mnature . meta botle cap wih a crimped ede cron cap, cron cork bouy  limitin bouday: parameter  bouday ne permeter  aer territorial boudarie: beat

4

6

6

te bounds, perambulate bow  traditional Muim bow of greeting: salaam  former hinee bow of greeting: koto bow n ows   or port of hooin with thee: arcery . lare bow drawn by hand: longbo  bow' ring notch nock  power bow on a wooden frame: crossbo

 rn  '  bo                                                                                       n                                              

• me

hot by th olt • arrow notch nock . haped ke a bow  -

cte bowel

• dcuty

bowl

• cruhng

n mptyng the bowe constiption uhing out of the ower bowe colonic igtio, enem • trereated bowe pan  itle oel syndome • remove the bowe diemoel, eviscete  s  ntestine bow mot • church hoywter bowl stop

bowls

. arge back bal ued n bow ood • ma whte bal ued n bow jck • eon of pay n one drecton end . captan of a bow team skp • knd of bowing green that re toward the mdde con geen • ecton of a green ued for a match ink • uneven ground makn a bow change core  .French bo oles, ptnqe

box .arge meta box of a tandard  arge ght degn conine wooden box te cest • ma orna ntal box csket • box for a et of cutery cnteen  nuated food box cool ox  ght crcuar hatbox ndox • openended box for paper pigeonole • box for ewing matera okox boxng • boxing match ot • pro gramme of bout ll • a bl upportng bout ndecd • tandard boxng rue Qeeney Rles • boxng hort: tnks • boxerS atsecond conemn, tenant

 boxerS

ofca weghng before a bout eigin  boxerS defenve poture d .pretended bow ent • bow made wth a bent ebow ook • upward bow made wth a bnt bow ppect • bw wth a ternate t oneto • grappng at coe quarter clinc  tme aowed for a tandng boxer to colect hmf stnding cont . denotng a boxer knocked to the oor don . denot

4

        

;

ng a boxer knocked unconcou o • tme aowed for a faen boxer to ge up cont • knok down a boxer for count of ten knock ot • denotng a boxer o knocked down ot o te cont • vctory awarded becaue the opponent  unt to contnue tecncl knockout • compete a bout go tedstnce  boxer deformed ear cloe e .ornate bet a champonhp prze onsdle elt • practce boxng wth ght bow:  spng • upended tuffed ag boxn practce pnc g • u pended tffed ba for boxng prac  tce pncll



boy • boy ngng n a church chor coste • wnged boy potrayed n Renaance pantng moetto ce, ptto ban . cbii f ceeo, enceplo . djective ceel, enceplc • ha of the bran em spee • bran area concerned wth a pec actvty cente  front part of the bran, controng memory and thougt ceem, oren, pos enceplon . ecton of th  denotng the foremot part of the fronta obe: perontl • bra area coordnatng muce cereellm • outer ayer coverng the bran cotex • membrane coverng the bran and pna cord meninx ( mennes • nammaton of the mennge menngtis . outer membrane enve opng the bran and pna cord d, du mte • nner membrane enve opng the bran and pna cord p, pi mte • bran and na cord centl nevos system . denotng the bran and pne: ceeospinl • nammaton of the bran and enceployelitis pna cord • nerve tranmttng gna from the eye to the bran optic neve • nerve tranmttng gna from the ear to the bran ditoy neve . dentng the bran and t blood ve cee



r

ba  brast   . . .    .   .  . .    .  .        . .  .   .   . . . . .   . .        .   . .       . .   .  .  .  . . . . .          . . .  .  .  .    .    . . .  . .    . . .   . .   . . .  .    .      . .  . .    . . . . . . .       . . . 

rovascula • stoppage of blood to the brain stroke • arterial bleeding into brain tissues: cerera aemo rage • inlammation of the brain: encepas . syphilitic inamma tion of the brain paress • brain dis

order with sudden loss of conscious ness or convulsions: eplepsy . inability to express or understand speech due to brain damage: apasa  paied muscular coordination ue to brain damage: cereral palsy  person sueing from cerebral palsy spastc  persistent impair ment of reasoning or memory due to brain disease or iury dementa luid accumuation in the brain: ydrocepalus . disease which in dectly affecs the brain: encepa opaty • surgical cutting of the brains white nerve bres leucotomy, lootomy, stereotaxs .  rain sur gery to treat mental ilness: psyco surgery . supposed memory trace in the brain: engram • electrical activity of a relaxed bain apa rytm • electrical activity of an alert brain: eta rytm  record of the brains electical activity eectroencepaogam • computer system modelled on the human brai: neura net, neura neork .computer model of the brains ability to recognize an dis criminate: perceptron



brake

• broad cylinder attached to a

braked whel rake drum .curved block pressing against the drum thin block prssing rake so aganst a disc brak: rake pad • hard mterial attached to the shoe or pad: rake nng • denoting a hy draulically enhanced braking system:



poerasssted branh • djcte ramose

• local

branch of certain trade unions:

capel bra

• inscribd

brass plate in a

church etc monumental rass • greenish surface colour of oxidized

brass: verdgs • person working with brass: razer � see  monu

menta rass brae • brassire giving rm support for active pursuits: sports ra • part of a brassir supporting one breast: cup • dry bread: ardtack bread • bread bake twice: rusk • bread aerated by soa soda read • very small loaf of bread: rol • ringshaped bread rol: agel . small thin bread roll: rdge ro . light sweet bread roll roce . lat bread ro for toasting: muffin .lat hollow unleav ene bread: pa . large loaf with di agonal slashes on a rounded top: oomer . loaf made of two roun lumps of dough the smaller on top: coage oaf • bro loaf with whole wheatgrains: granary oa • small piece of fried or toasted bread: crou ton • small pece of bread to dip into sauc etc: sppet . slic of brad: ound • slice of bread soaked  egg and fried Frenc toast long nar row French loaf: aguee, Fenc oaf, Frenc stck • German rye bread pumperncke • Italian aer ated bread made with olive oil: caaa • thi n Italian breadsticks grssn • toasted Italian bre ad drenche in olive oil uscea • mixture of our and liquid for breadmaking

doug break • sudden and complete break: rupture • break off through strc tura strain sear • boken piece of potter lass etc sard breakat . light breakst: contnental reakfast . substantial break fast including hot food: Egs reakfast • breakfast and lunch com bined: runc breat . cb f mas• djectes mammary, mamary, pectora • small pinkish proection

t  id

.  . . .    . . .   .  . . . . .  . . .     .   . . .   . . .  . . . . .  .  . . .    . .    . 

44  .  .      . . . . . . . . .      .  .  .  . . .    . .         . .  .          .     .   . .      .                     .

fom a beast: npple • hollow between the beasts clevge • beastbone sternum • inlammation of the beast mstts • enagement of a beasts gynecomst mans .Xa location of beast tmos: mmmogrpy  srgical removal of a beast lmp lumpctomy • sgi ca emoval of a beast mstectomy • chemical polme se in beast mpants: slcone • leaving the beasts ncovere opless • baglike mamma glan of cattle etc udder

breath

• jective

. cbi i fr

spro

resprtory .pocess of beathing resprton  single intake of beath drugt • beathing in nhlton, nsprton • beathi ot: exlton, exspraton . excessivel fast beahing: yperventlton • excessivel slow beathing ypoventlton • beath neee fo phsical exetion nd • take shot qick beaths pnt • iclt in beathing dyspnoe • ifcl in beathing e to constiction of the bonchi stm  easi becoming beathless: sortnded • beathlessness case b enlagement of the a sacs of the lngs empysem • enoting beathing that is nois an labore stertorou • beathe wth a whistling son eeze • oce wokes heaaches an espiato poblems, thoght to be case b poo ventilation sck udng syndome • ba beath toss • tempoa cessation in beathing pnoe • boil ogan se in beathing esptoy system, esprtory trct • instment ecoing beathing movements sprogrp • mechanical o manal estoation of a pesons beathing rfcl respron  machine poviing polonge atcial espiation ron lung, res-

ptor breed • bee two species togethe cossreed, yrdze • bee fom

closel elate stock nreed lation

improvement

by

• pop

controle

beeing eugencs brbe • wing to take bibes cor rut, venl • efsing bibes ncor ruptle • paments mae to an in ential person to promote a product or

inteest: pyol • bibe smeone to commit an nlawfl act: suorn  b k • bicks mae from snie cla doe • bick mae fom cin es reeze lock • heatesistant bick rebrck • bick sitable fo expose to view in the nishe biing fce rck • bickmaing mix te om, pug • fnace fo bick: kln • bke bicks in a kiln: fre • stack of bicks fo ing ck  e noting bricks not et  unurnt • bick lai at ight angles to a wal eder • bick lai paalel to a wall: stretcer • bilt ow of bicks ; course  hoiontal ecoative bn of bicks strng course • ickwok in a tmbe fame noggng • piece of bick se as a missile: rckt • ce ment o mota ing the oints in pnng •  bickwok: bick caie od  appeaance of cstalie alts on bickwok: ef



forescence bdge • manache

bige

caing a oa o aiwa vduct • manache bige caing a ive o canal queduct • bige ising steep to its cente umpck rdge • bige spporte b cables suspenson rdge • bige fo pe estians footrdge • aise passagewa between bilings lky • bige that ma be erecte qickl fom pefabicate pats Bley  rdge • bige with a aisable sec  tion: scule, scule brdge .raisable ige at a castle entance: dr rdge .arch of a brige between its sppots spn  sppoting fame wok fo a bie truss • oating obect se to sppot a bige pontoon 

bit I Buddhst

45

 ie set stea of a bdge to o

tect t fo oating objects starlng

brtle

 djective

setaceos .hedgehog's bistes spnes broa  cbii fr platy (g platyps)

broaa

 sitaneos boadcast of a ogae on ado and tee vision: smlcast • teevson boadcast screenng • boadcast news ot: nes blletn, nescast  erson reading sch a eort nescaster  denoting boadcastng e ceving no state fnding ndependent • denoting boadcasting fnded by ad vetiseens commercal  oo eqed fo boadcasting: stdo  boadcasting eqent transmt ter  feqencies sed by a boadcasting staton cannel  denoting an nathoized bodcasting staton prate  adst a eceive to eeive a atca station: tne  iediate eboadcast of incoing signas: relay  deibeate geneation of nterfeence to ende a boadcast nintelgbe jammng  bodcast sond coveng a censoed wod: bleep  denoting boadcasting wthot the se of sateites: terrestral • text of a boadcast scrpt usic assocated with a a ticar ogae o boadcaste sgnate tne  st of ecodings boadcast on a ado ogae playlst  seection and scheding of  estiboadcasts programmng ated adence of a atica boadcast: ratng . tie devoed to a atca te of boadcast: artme  soen nage between boadcast tes ontnty  boadcaste ovding continity between a nbe of contibtos: ancorman, lnkman . otofstdo settng fo a boacast locaton  escition of a boadcast event comentary, voceover de notng boadcasts tanstted at the tie of occence lve • sae boadcast ade to assess adience e

,

sonse plot  set of eated boadcasts seres, sera  seia abot osoap eoe: opera dinay • boadcast containing sevea ei sodes of a sea: omnbs • boadadvetiseent commercal cast • boadcasting to a sa o seected adence: narrocastng  boadcast ogae featng honecas ade to the esente ponen • tye of boadcasting featng honeins and toica dscssions: talk rado, talk so • boadcast ro gae in whch ceebities ae inteviewed nfoay cat so  te at whch boadcasting attacts the geatest adiences prme tme • boadcast news eote: jornalst, correspondent • oganization sying news stoes: nes agency  nscheded boadcast of iotant news: nesfas  end of a days boadcasting: closedon  eson eoyed to sten n to foeign boad casts: montor

broze

. cbi i fr calcochalcolthc)  oxide  on

(.g. bonze patna, verdg rs

broter . cbii frs fater, fraternal fratr  djective:

 brother

shaing ony one aent alfbroter  egos bothehood fraternty • ng one's bothe

fratrcde brow • geyish bown dn  ght yeowish bown fan  eddsh bown seen n od hotogahs

sepa Bht  Bddhst eigos teache: bonze • Bddhst sc tes Trpaka, stra  Bddhst ystca text tantra  Bddhst con cet of nvesa aw darma  Bd dhist oicy of nonviolence towad a lving things amsa  centa Bddhst beefs: for noble trts  Bddhist tation ehasizing sef  Bdhs savation Teraada

46  I  ldn b  l  d                                                                                                                                      

      

trdton emszng mtl slv ton Maayana . n go of Bd dst srt rogress nrvana • wy of lfe ledng to nrvn: egt fold pat, Mddle Way • Bddsts ersonl fte: karma • degree of sr t nsgt freeng from te ycle of rert: enlgtnment • Bddst stte of sreme ness: ananda • word reeted n Bddst medt ton: mantra • dsk symozng te nverse: mandala • Bddst tower temle: pagoda • domed Bddst srne stupa • Bddst monstc order: sanga .Jnese Bddsm emszng medtton: Zen • J nese Bddst festv of te ded: Bon • Tetn Bddsm: Lamasm • Tetn ddst srne corten . leder of Tetn Bddsts Dala Lama • Tetn Bddst monk:

lama  see s Tbet

bulde • desgner of ldngs: arctect • constrcton lorer: navvy • der n stone: mason, stoemason • lder n rck: brcklayer • lder n wood: carpenter • glsstter: glazer • ework nstler: plumber • lder sec zng n g work: steeplejack, spderman • erson mdng  ld ng or ste overngt: ngtatcman

• lder ndertkng  wole roject: contractor • der ndertkng rt of te roject for te contrctor: subcontractor • ders Vsed rck trog: od

buln tectonc

• dectives

arctectural,

• ldngs nd ter 

ment regrded s n nvestment: plant • ldng of storcl mort • rond dome nce: monument ldng: rotunda .ver tll ldng: grse, skyscraper • sd or decret ldng: slum .detced ssdr ldng oubuldng, outouse • gro of ldngs: complex • ldngs erected to  sce e tween oters: nfll .sm ldng:

folly

• sm

cve mot: grotto • denotng  ldng not joned o ny oter: detaced, freestandng • denotng  ldng joned on one sde ony: semdetaced • denotng  dng joned t te grond oor ony: lnk detaced .denotng  ldng wt few ntern dvsons: openplan • denotng  dng v ng some rooms ger tn oers y ess tn  storey spltlevel .denot ng  ldng vng for lrs: tetrastyle • denotng  oorly con strcted ldng: jerrybult • se of  ldng foundaton, footngs • sde of  dng: elevaton, facade, front, frontage • drwng or dgrm of ts elevaton • dngs rnc  fcde: frontspee • rojectng rt of  ldng: ng • extern nge of  ldng quon  roject eyond  ldngS ower rt oversal . denotng  tmerfrmed dng: alftmbered  rt of  ldng mde wt stone: stoneork • rt of  ldng mde wt rck: brckork .rt f  ldng mde wt wood oodork .rge oen re efore or wtn  ldng: concourse • on re efore  ldng: forecourt • oen re t te centre of  dng: atrum, court, courtyard, ell • re were vstors re det wt recepton .lrge olong ll wt nteror colonndes: baslca • vertcl s for  stIrcse: star ell • roofed exteror ltform t grond evel: veranda • ts t  ger leve: balcony • or of  ldng: storey .erson wo d sgns ldngs nd servses ter constrcton: arctect • erecton of ldngs: development • relce ment of exstng dngs redevelopment • denotng  ldng ste wt no revos develoment: greenfeld • denotng  revosly deveoed • re ldng ste: bronfeld were develoment s fordden con

bildin  bn

47

servation area, green belt .adapa ion of a bding o new uses converson  decare a buildig un for use condemn  unawful occupaion f a buding squattng  wls roof, and oor of a building fabric .standardized builing un module

 plae srenghening a beam or join s  beam supporing a oor ost  bu suppor for an arch or bridge per  narrow area under a oor or

rf, giving access o wrig or plum g crawl space  channe wihin a bildng's was for venilaion, cables, etc duct trunkng .drec ion faced by a buding's windows exposue  sooh surfaces of build ing sone dess  srip of aeri coering adoining suaces fllet, flasng flauncing  waerproof er mastc  verical layer of ce e perpend . eveed ayer of or ceen screed  coree layer uder a building overste ra  r force a budng y assung or i proving the srengh of is fonda ios uderpn  panking spporig seing concree sutter ng  aework suspended by ropes for workig o he xrior of a high buding cradle  buildes' fae ork of panks and poes scaoldg .raisd walkway on his catwalk  building's irsic weigh dead oad  eigh of peope or goods in a udg lve load . alowance or charge ade fr a uilding's wear and ear dlapidatos  area devoted o buildgs of a aricuar kind estate  echnica nspecion of a budig survey  propery in building and and rea property, realty  budng ih is and and appenances premises, property . denoing a build ing of ceried arhiecural impor ance lstd sceduled  cono of buildig deeopen plan nn g, town plannng  buding aong he sides of a road rbbon development



. large open conaer for buiding debrs skip  srucra susdence settlement _ copleey desroy a uilding rae  srucure of an un nished or gued buding sell  agmens of a collapsed or deol ished buig bble  see lso

acitecture, beam roof wall, win dow buldng maeals . sf cay ps  crushed sone and grave ag gregate  me and cay ixure ce met  lime and cemen mure mortar  hin orar grout  ce men, sand, and gravel ure concete  see o brck, cement buldng soey  denoig a bdng sociey disribuing s ros amogst is members mutual  resrucure a building sociey as a public copany demutualie

bulge cent bull

 djectiv

bulbous tumes

 djective:

taurine . asro ogic er taurus . sab wih te horns gore  Spansh bulgher kiling he bl matador  Sanis bulher on foo torero  Spanish toeador mouned bugher  atadors ouned assisan picador  bulghers dcorae dr banderlla blle  pasic or rubber bule used in rio cono baton round  bule expanding o ipac dumdum

 bu eiing soke ec so ha is course may be raced tracer  dia eter of a ble calbre  grooe round he cyindrica par of a bule canellure  ble's reboud ricocet  explosive ring bules pro-

pelant bun  fruit bun eaten toasted bered teacake  iced yeas wih curras Bat bun .a sprinke wih sugar Celsea

and bun bun

bn  bun eaen on Good Friday ot coss bun

u  usisma  • buch

b

of baaas hand

• buch of frut truss ble • djectives fasccular, fascculate • wrapped or boud bude bae • bude of oth or papers wd bren

• djective

nerus • u reasoabe burde mpstn brglar • burgar's crowbar jmmy

 burgar

cbg he outde of a

bud cat burglar

bral chral

 djectives funeary, pu preparato of a corpse for

ura ast ffce, layng ut • bura wth approprate rtes nterment  chaber used for buras vaut  acet stoe bura chaber cst  bura of the dead as a cutura pheoeo nhumatn � see ls

tmb br

• start

bre urner

 aborator brer Bunsen  portabe burer gg a

burg knle • backe b burg char  bur superca nge  bur ustead  gutter _ bur sow a so smuder .edca trea et b burg cauteratn, caut· ery  grade of esbur degre • deog a bur affectg the sk surface o fstdegee • deotg a bur causg bsterg but o per aet carrg secnddegre  deog a bur afctg tssue beow he sk thrddegee

hot ae for reog pat bw-

amp b  dese group of bushes tket _ bushes etc grog roud a tree undergrth b  s for 115 pasegers mnbus • twostore bus ubedecker • bs drers copartet cab

_ etedg

fraewor oectg wth oehead power es ant graph • whe o a poe etedg to

48 oerhead power es trlley, trlley whel • perso takg fares o a bus cnductr (fe condctess)

bses

• busess

owed b ts epo ees cperatve • busess ot uder state aagemet prvte enterprse • busess's estabshed reputato gdwll _ deotg a busess emadg arge capta  estmet captalntense  deot g a busess eed a arge abour force labur ntense .trasf a busess to state aageet natnale free busess fro goeet cotros deregulte rego offerg goeret cetes to  og busees devepment area, enterprse ne  eter ew areas of busess dversy • te of busess transactn _ route bus ess attes admnstratn .per so setg up a busess entrepre neur .uber of persos epoed  a busess headcunt  empo ee regarded  a buse ast hum n resurces _ busesss budgs a equpmet plant  bues aget fact • busess aget for spotse uscas etc manager  asocato adacg the terests f oca busees Chamer  C merce • excess of busess coe oer expedture prft, supus  tota oe eterg o eag a  shoet busess cash fw eas of gag busess adatage gra, seae  dspos of subsdar busess terests dvestment, dvesttue  perso egagg  d oest busess deags raketee _ busess coapse falure

y

bma  powerfu bsess a magnate, tcn • dhoest busesa racketeer, shark • per so aagg arge su of oe fnnce  dustr aager or pro retor nustrast  oug urba professoa uppe _ oug bac

bth I bpa

49 urba roessioa: ppe �see 

manager th • buchers choer clever • buchers cuig be lock tt  ur buer b melg cla  Idia clared buer: gee .mache or makig buer crn tt  y • buer ua crysals  be eer lepdopters tn • sichig chorig a bu o sank  see s fastener

by

• uchaser

b eehoe or comuer li telesopper • roecio o bues ieress consumer sm . assessme o buers eeds d reereces maket reserc  e he buer beware caveat emp-

or

• buzzig device aoucig a hoeca pager • bzzg i he

bz

ears tnnts

ypss • bass ecirclig a ow ortal road, ng road

Cc aag  cabbages tt ead heart  cooed cabbage and otato ed  togete bbble and sqeak nt • cabne mnse eson sble fo nance Chancelor o te Excheqer  cabnet mnste esonsble o foe afas Fregn Secretary  cabnet mnst eon sble fo ome affas ome Secretry  cabnet mnste wt no e anent esosbltes Mnster hot ortolo  cabnet fo  eqment consoe l  cable fo secng a s to a e haser  cable fo steadyng a mast gyrope a  small cafe sellng alcoolc dns estmnet  cafe wt comtes fo cstomes se cybercae ak 0 fancy cae atea (. 

0

eus o eux sweet cae o tat torte (. ren lgt cae made wt lttle o no fat sponge cyln dcal songe cae wt a jam lng Ss rol  laye cae t a llng sandch  small beadle cae scne  mall c cae madeene  smal cs batte cae ae  c ft cae eaten on Palm n day smnel cake  c cae wt eqal amonts of eac ngedent pond cake  cae made of bead dog, lad, and cants lardy cake  Astan cocolate cae wt a am ad ceam lng Sachertorte (. cherren  dese oatcae apjac  small ad cant cae rock cae  da gngebead parkin  tc sweet decoatve ste ondant  slve ball fo decoatng caes drage  small coloed sga

0

balls hndreds and thosand  sl of decoatn caes wt sga aste sgarcra • smal seedless gae sed n caes crrant  sma seedless asn sed n cas sltana • so selng fany caes and as tes patssere

alm

. cmbii fm cac-

 coanng

o odcng calcm calcero • aden by addton of calcm calcy aena • calenda now n geneal se Gregoran calndar denotng a date fom ts calenda Ne Style  calenda fomey sed n Eoe Jla calendar . denotng a date fom ts calenda Od Stye  an nal blcaton contanng a calenda and ote tatstcal nfomaton almanac  calenda adjstable fo any yea perpeta calendar de notng a day o mont occasonaly added to te calend ntercalary ll cal fo someone va a bleee page sense of beng caled to folow a atcla caee vocton alm  calm and dgned sedate  calmnes n tyng ccmstances

0

sanrod Camrge Unvty  c : Cantabrgan at of te tem wen ndegadats ae exected to be esdent ll term  atmn tem at Cambdge Mchaelmas term  wnte tem a Cambdge Lent term  smme tem at Cambdge Tnty term  Cambdge stdegee examato o cose trpos  e son ganng stclass onos n te Cambdge matematc tos membe of a nvesty ranger sots team be  govenng body

0

al I a

5 of Camridge Universiy: senate • memer of a senae commiee syn dc • chief adminisraor of Cam ridge Universiy: regstrary .memer of he Camridge universiy police ulldog • Oxford and Camridge universiies cnsidered  Oxrdge • Camridge geher: undergraduae recevg nancial help from his colege: szar .Cam ridge colege annual feas Com memoraton • Camridge college sevan: edder, edmaker, gyp • Camridge college relaxaion room: comnaton room • cone wihin he colege: gate • suspend a suden: rustcate • expel a suden: send

don

ame  • camel wi one hump: dromedary • camel wih wo humps: Bactran camel • frenied sae of ruing male mels: must amera

• pe of camera producing

a pri aer each exposure nstant camera • ype of camea in wic he image is reeced ono a glass screen refex camera • denoing a reex camera whose viewder uses he aperre lens: snglelens reflex . denoing a relex camera whose viewnder has a separae lens tn lens refex • derence in angle of view eween lens and viewnder: parallax • hole on he fron of a cam era admii g ligh o he aper ture . device for vaying aperure sie dapragm • denoing a camera wi a age aperre fast • effecive aperure sie: stop • focusing glass: lens • device se in fron of he lens o screen ou cerain ypes of ligh: fl ter • evice admiing ligh o he aperure sutter • opening of he shuer admiing ligh o he ex posure • wire alowing he shuer o e acivated from a disance cale re lease • duraion of exposure speed • exposure for longer han usua shuer seigs tme exposure • lens



f



cover ood • camera soce fr ac cessories soe • camera aachmen producing a rief very rig ligh: flas • camera device delaying ex • singlelegged posure selftmer • camera camera sand unpod sand wih ree sloping legs trpod • crosswise camera movemen: pan • verica camera movemen: tlt • move a camera owards or away from ojec track • ring an ojec ino close or disan camera focus: zoom • wheeled plaorm for a r elevision camera dolly . liale plaform for a or elevision camera: crane



f

amp

• emporary

camp ouac • camp for voluneers doing commu niy projecs: ork camp • German prisonerofwar camp for ofcers  German prisonerofwar Ofag camp for oher ran Stalag • Sovie laour camp: gulag . prison camp eforcing a regime of hard laour: la  our camp, ork camp • campers enamelled lidded cooking po blly

can ampagner

. person advocaing somehings aandonmen or prohi iion: aboltonst . vigorous cam paigner: actst

Canaan

• Canadian

game of sliding sones across ice curlng • memer of he FrenchCanadian naionalis movemen: Quecqos

ana  • canal oa: arge, narrooat • pah eside a cana topat • pivoing couneralanced ascule brdge canal idge • ridge crrying a canal aqueduct

• shor

caal secion whose waer level may e raised or lowered: lock • se of locks: fgt • oa used on Veneian canals gondola

ane 

 cbi i s

ds (eg

disallow) un (eg nsele) aner • cbii s carcin, oma • djective carcnomatous



ate ar

52

 cacer

sueed by Aids victims pos's srcom . sface cacer of the ski or iteral ogas crc om  likely to develop ito cace preccerous • sbstace casig cace crcoe • hepesvirs casg certai caces pste Br vrus  stat o f cace crco eess  excessive gowth as a idicato of cace yperps • elaemet f a oa  a  ea stage of cace dysps • abo mal tsse growth csed by cancer: eopsm  potei fod i the blood of a diseased peso prprote  specme take fom the cevi to detect cace cervc smer . deotig cacer that teds to spead vsve . deveopmet of secoday caces distat fom the st metstss  cace teatme by drgs cemoterpy • cacer teatmet by Xays rdoterpy, r dto terpy • deotig theapy appled ae sccessful treatmet of a cace to sppress secodary tu mos djuvt � see ls tumour, d ude he idividul s  feced

aate

• potetially

sccessfl

cadidae ppbe ( papabii) • cadidate eteed to divide the voe spoer  cadidate iitiatig a elec tio bt epectig stoge cadidates to coe forwad stk  orse • oe oeself as a cadidate std  lst of a political paty's electio cadidaes ste . list of cadidtes f al chic sortst  check  a cadidates backgod ad geeal sitability screei, postve vet

t securty ceck, vett ale  waed wic fo lightig cadles tpe  edeed fat used to mae cadles to  deale i cadles cd  cadle timme suers  etiguish a cadle su

alestk • cadlestick attached to a wall scoce • brached cadlestick • sspeded cdebrum mltiliht cadlestick cdeer  Jewish litgical cadlestick me or • cadlestick's spiked top prcket ae  cae caied by military of ces ser stck aabs caabis be emp • caabis cigaette jot, reeer aba  djecive tropop ous ap  od attish bimless cap beret  academic cap squre mor trbord • woma's opewok cap Juet cp • Frech mlitay peaked cap kep  Scottish beet bonet, tmo'ster . cbi i fr apabl o cous (e.g efficacios) • capable of seal itercose poet apta  captai of a mecht ship mster . captai's assistat mte ar . ca made before 1905 (o before 196) veter cr . a made betwee 1917 ad 1930 vte cr • old ad nefciet car bger, j opy, rttetrp, t zze • odiay ca stegthee fo acerack collisios stock cr  ca modied to give high pefomace ot rod  ca modied fo drag aces drster  small acig car with skeleto body okrt  lowbilt ca desiged for speed sports cr  car offeri comfot ad high pefomace r turismo  ca offeig basic comfot with high performace sports cr  lage ad omfotable ca mou se .log ca offeg eta accommodatio stretc mouse  police patol ca squd cr  smal felefciet ca mcrocr  ope twoseate ca rodster  small ope ca fo difcut teai buy  opeig

ca  

54

cerain cards declare . payer ma ng a successf d declarer  hand wh n card ave a nne yarbor oug  se f cads f he same s and adjacen vaues sequence  su f whch a payer hds many cads long sut  su f whch a payer hds severa hgh cards strong sut  sut f whch a player hds ny ne  w cads sort sut  cad hat s the ny ne f a sut n a hand sngleton  ac f cads f a parcu a su vod • cads ad d n a nd f pay trck  card payed when unabe t fw st: dscard • faure t fw st when abe t d s revoke  card ranked at ts pay es w: joker ld card  scrng cad cmbnatn meld  sequence f cads f he same sut run .de ntng crds dentiable frm ther acs: marked  cncea a cad in he hand palm • pay a ump ru  frce he pay f patca cards dra • pay he rst card t a rc lead  wn a rc cheapy: nesse  persn wh cheats at cards card sarp card sarper  csng runds f pay endgame rganized mee ng t pay cads: drve .card game n whch here ae n partnershps round game . card games wn y ganng rcs d contract brdge solo st • cad games wn by ganng he ms rcs aucton brdge, pquet st  brdge  naen wh cmpettrs playing he sae hands duplcate brdge  brdge vcry ang a he rcs grand slam  brdge vcy takng welve ics: small slam  card games wn by cmbnans hed pokr rummy  cad game wn by sptting sima cas: sap  cad game wn y acing famiy sets appy fam es  rtne elng fm cards: cartomacy



a . faile  tae cae  enc  faile  f an njed prsn

t tae prper precautns contrbutory neglgence . carefu and thr gh: panstakng scrupulous caeless  careess a nd hasty slap das • dy caeess: neggent • wifuy careess: reckless caee • summay f a persns car eer and educatn currculum vtae  descrptns f he caeers and cn nectns f mpran pepe: proso ogray  desre  fw a certain caee: vocaton . cvatn f cn acs ha may furher nes caree: netorkng persn wh great car eer penta gflyer selfstarter • persn ny neresed n career sc cess careerst  tact barrer  car eer advncement glass celng caeake  reden careaer concerge  securty cal n a puc gaery: nvglator ca eepng rder n a pubc recreatn grund: park keeper  empyee after sprs ptches ng

groundsman capene

• capener mang stars, drs ec joner  capenter

mang rnture cabnet maker cape • ng narw strip f capet: runner • smal carpet mat rug   rased surce f a cpe ple caage  ght nehrse carage gg . twwheeed hrsedrawn tax ansom ansom cab  encsed carage: coac . Ish ght car rage: jauntng car  Russan three hrse carage troka  Russan pen caage drosky  hded wheel chai f nvads: 8at car cayng  cbii frs fer (.g cone), ferous (.g odoie os) pore (.g. semaphoe  gg  carage f a bat  is cag between navgable waters:

porage a  sma cat loat

 smal cat

pushed r pulled by hand: hancat roly . ligh Asan ca ra y

Cara  castrat

55 ne  mre ee rcksaw  cart se in the rench evtin t cn vey cnemne ersns t the gitine tumrl  ancient twwheee cart carot  cart's pe  which raght animas are attache sa  fastening attching a raght ani ma t the shaft trac  wen crssiece n the necks f raght animas yok Carhage  djeive un  cbi r carlage chondro (eg chondocyte)  djec ive cartagnous carrge  cartrige cntaining wer bt n bet lank  bet with s fr cartrigs andolr carvg  djecive glyptc  gr tesqe carving gargoyl  carve n smethig nscr cash  avaiabe cash lqudty  cash avaiabe r immeiate se cash n hand  cash ket in han t sette minr eenses ptty cas  cash that mst be accete in ay ment lgal tndr  cash refn given t a rchaser cashack  bank car giving access t cash is ensers cash card  cash given t a cstmer at a sermarket checkt an ebite t his charge car cash ack  ssessin having a cash vae ass  assets easiy cnvert ibe int cash lqud assts, nar mony  cnvert assets int cash

ralz case

 member

f

the Hin riesty caste Brahman  member f the Hin wrker caste Sudra  member f the wes Hin case Dal, untouchal  cia name f the west Hin aste scduld cast  ersn f n caste outcast paah  Hin frehea mrk ini cating caste tlak casg  hw cntainer shaing matera being cast mould  casting meth sing a wax me which is

ete away cr prdu lost wax  cay m arn a wax me mantl  mae in a singe casting

monoloc casle caste overking a city ctadl  caste mn mott  cas te's centra twer kp donjon  caste's nergrn ce dungon  caste itch moat  raisabe brige ver a caste's mat drawrdg  caste's frtie gatehse ar can  hevy grating were frm abve portculls  caste's efensive wa rampart  castes uter wa aly . astes ter wa between twers curtan wall  area encse by a caste wa aly, ward .w wa shetering trs n a caste wa parapt  araet with regar en ings fr shting thrgh attnt crnllaton  wae art between these enings mron  having bat tements mattld  ening fr ring missies n ee bew machcolaton murdr hol  r jecting frticatin bit where tw was meet at an ange aston  rm set in a caste wa casmat  caste's ngr avatry gardro  inwar se f a case wa attr . sma ter r postrn saly port  bank sing wn frm a caste glacs  at en area in frnt f a caste splanad  gv ernr f a rya caste onstal  trs staine in a caste garrson  French caste chatau ( cha eax)

cas o . (f a snake) cast ff an  skin sloug  the skin s cast ff slough  actin f casting ff a skin cdyss casrae  castrate a mae anma gld  castrate man unuch cas trate mae singer in barqe era r the aa chae castrato  cas trate b ox  castrate cckere capon  castrate stain gldng  castrate ram wtr

 / 

56

c  jetive felne  me c tom  d spyed eme c queen  yug c tten  ess reed  c Manx .  c) gve h ten  gied c wh  rd  Cesre cat . hw e  c cateaul  sm dr fr  c cat ap  m f  cs e caner  c wh med ur tay  dr w fu   Smese c sea pont . p cs e  sme catmnt catnp  rdig es he  c caey cedl  cvered w   ch edr cpex closter  chedr precic cose  ched gver igy capter  meeig pce r hs capter ouse  pres presd g ver  ched chper dean, provost  pres egg   cth edr chper canon  deg  cher chper captular  

required  resde  he preccs resdentary canon  pes  chrge f chedr sc precentor  depy prece uccentor  pres ssstg  chedr sevces u   chper memer mnor

canon cde

 eecr em emed y

 chde   vcuum tue catode ray  vcuum ue fr hs catode

ray tue ce y ue  srce f hs screen  mveme f he ec  e css he scree seep ce . djective ovne  gp f ce erd  dvded ft f ce cloven oo  e f  ess eed  cte poll  fects ctte dseses murran, rnderpest .ct e dsese ecig e ce er vus sysem ovne spongform en cepalts, mad co dsease . ce dsese etg he sk d ugs antrax . cte dses certg hf d mhs foot and mouth dsease  mm f he dder garget  te dsse fectg the

mk d herey rsmed  hu ms rucelloss . sc fr rd dig cte goad  pe rug fr cte der manger  ee grw  feed cte mangod, mangeluzel  US cwherd cooy  ce rerer gzer . rudup  cte   rch rodeo � see ls co

cuse  cbii rs genc genous, facent, fc, le, otc  djetive aetologcal  csg  aortfacent  csig cce carnogenc  csg soporfc narcotc, drwsess  cused y medc ree aro genc  hvig  ter cuse en dogenous  hvg  exer cse exogenous  wh ppr e cuse spontaneous cve . cbii r speleo  sm rtc cve grotto  dep u cve potole  cve dwee troglodyte . cve dweer  Scd v myhgy toll  pited c cum ce excrescece hgig frm  cve f stalactte  perg ccum ce cum rsg frm  cve r stalagmte  sudy r exprt  cves speeology

ceiling

 detig

 ceg hg rm he r ve suspended  ccess pe i  ceig trapdoor

celeiy  eterme ceery star  ret s  ceery lonze cel  cbi rs cyto, cyte, last (g eythoblast) plast (.g. potoplast) . ce dec t ther clone  sexuy mre germ cel gamete  ce frmed y  f tw gmetes zygote  dy ce e t sr cter pagocyte . e k f eve ces ganglon   rm ggreg f ces nodule  gpig f ces esp i he r

cytoarctectoncs cytoarctectu

 cess

mte cmprsg he vig pr f  ce protoplasm  ptpsm excldg the ces

c   n

 champae exclu sive to one shpper: onopoe  de

noting unweetened chamagne brut  champagne nd orange juce

uks Fi

ne fortuitous  aive  ubject to chnce probabiisti, ran o, stohasti  chnce happen ng fluke  fortunate development of events by chnce serenipiy .per son seng oered hanes oppor tunist  los of other chance when oe  aen oppounity ost

neer

ustre

.cut-gla chaneler

. cobii for eta e:_ mamphss), trop e psycpc) tropo e. pphy)  extreme chnge akeover, uan u eap, revoluion seahange tansutation, upheal, turn votefae  nvolvng extreme cnge raia  adaptve change aiaiaion  mo chnge aenent, variation  ubte nuane  unpredctble cnge chnge vagary . aprcu change of mnd hi  hnge of appear nce etaorphosis  change of the eucharistc element transub stantiation  moent of decive chnge turning point  mprove by bsc chnge refr  cotnt cnge  . capable o nnte  retnce to cnge protean chnge ineria .open to hnge ne gotiabe  ealy chnged fleible  avouring tady chnge progres sive  chngng upredctably er urial voatile, waywar  chnge ide apostatize  aapt to ut ind personalize vidu requrment  ntate new areas o actvty diver si  proce o hnge transition  general drecton o change tren

ne

 thng hat ntae or acceerate  ae eental cage atalyst

change utatis utanis peron advocatng graual chnge reforist

58  peron opposed to l change reatonary  person who changes hs

princple to ut the tmes trier, tiesver  'chnge of life enopause  denotng omething that canot be chnged flat, sarosant  stuation or acton tat canot be chnged fait aopi  nbty to cope wth chnge future shok .un hieboun wing to change  thing never chnge pus a

hange pus est a  e hoe  keep untered preseve  unhn gng unifor

nn water

 channel or atmovng rae  dranage channl

ith, yke Chnnel

sns

 Channel I  Fench magsate urat

lnds name for the Channel land

AngoNoranes

es

e  chpel or the ue o pa rhoners lving ar om he man church hape of ease  ml do metc hapel oratory

re  exra charge surharge  charge for a eparate items un

bune

rt  aecive eeeosynary  day o eet harty colcton flag

ay

 legly bning dertakng to make paymen to a charity ovn

ant

Crlgn

 adeciv

ingian Carovingian

Caro

Crls I n   adecv Caro ean Caroine  upporter o Charles

 Cavaier Royalist . opponent o Chale  Parliaentarian Round

hea

et  peron who cheat at car

ard sharp, ar sharper

shon ety n bunes or publc lie seaze

ek  check truth or valdty vr

i vet  chek agant a tandar alibrate  check a ob appcant  place whe bckgron vet check are carre out ontrol

h I hrb

59

0 djectves

heek

buccal, malar

 doopig chee: ol

heese

0 djectve

caseous  small whole che ese: truckle 0 so cheese made fom simmed ml: cottage cheese 0 Fech so white cheese: Brie 0 Fech goats cheese: hvre  so cheese fom Nomady Camembert 0 Daish so white cheese with blue veis: Danish blue

o oud

Dutch cheese with a yelow id: Gouda Gee goat's cheese feta  Italia so blueveied cheese Italia had blue Docelate ™ veied cheese: Gorgonzola talia ceam cheese: mascarpone m white taia cheese: mozzarela  ich blueveied Licesteshie cheese: Stilton  sweet bow Nowe gia cheese Getost had wiss cheese: Emmenta pale wiss cheese with holes: Gruyre  cheese's tough oute si: rind potei peset i cheese: casein  cudlig aget used i  cheesema ig rennet  deotig uipe cheese: green spiled with gated cheese ad bowed: au gratin  melted cheese o toast: rarebit, Welsh arebit  melted cheese o toast with a poached egg buck rarebit

0 0

0

0

0

0

 c fs hemial chemi (eg chemisorption) chemo-

0

(eg chemotheapy) chemical liquid destoyig bacteia: disinfectant  eat aay by chemical actio: cor-

rode hemial

eai

 self sustaig seies of chemical eactios: chain reaction substace used i  chemical eactio reagent  substace chaged  a chemical eactio: ractan substace fomed by a chemical eactio: poduct  poductio of compouds by eactio fom simple mateials: synthe sis substace acceleatig a chemica eactio: catalyst biochemical catayst enzyme sUbstace slow

0

0

0

0

0

ig o pevetig a chemical eactio:

inhibitor hemisy

0 chemisty

of com-

pouds cotaiig cabo organic cem istry chemisty of compouds ot cotaiig cabo: inorganic chemistry  chemisty of plats: chemistry of liv phytochemistry ogaisms: ig biochemistry  chemisty of adioactive substaces: chemisty of the radiochemisry stas ad space: astrochemistry  medieval chemist seeig o tu base metals ito gold: alcemy  chemical aalysis of a compoud epessed i symbols: formula ( for mae)  substace used i chemical aalysis reagent substace havig the same cystal stuctue as aothe: isomorph  chemical decompositio by electic cuet electrolysis  chemical decompositio by wate hydrolysis  ot subect to chemical decompositio stable

0

0

0

0

eque  cheque fo a ed amout usable aboad: traveller's cheque  cheque daw by a ba o its ow fuds: bank dra, bankers dra  cheque guaateed by a ba certicheque couterfoil: fied ceque stub  peso witig a cheque: istitutio that must hodraer ou a cheque draee peso beetig fom the cheque payee wit ig o the bac of a cheque: endorsemen  payee amed i a edosemet endorsee deotig deota ucossed cheque open ig a cheque that is ivalid because daw log befoe: stae cedit a cheque to the payee's accout: clear  pay a peseted cheque: onour  efuse to pay a peseted cheque: istuct oes baes dishonour ot to hoou a cheque stop

0

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0

heu

 dectve cherubic  cheub i Reaissace paitigs:

amoretto, putto

y  rt

60

erry  sur cherry used n ck n

orllo

ess

 chess played  separate bards kriegspl  penn tactc gabit  chess peces n rder  

king quen bishop knight rook r castl pawn  br a backlne pece rward evelop

prtance

 dentn a pece that can be taken n prise  attack upn the ppn ents kn chck  reeate check

n  the kn prpetual chck  clsn ves engae  wn pstn chckate cncede de resign eat wthut checkate  stuatn  whch a player cannt ve except nt check stalat  stuatn n which the need t ake a ve s tse a dsadvantae zugswang  declaratn when ad ustn a pece j'aobe  sde  the bard n whch bh queens stand at the start  play ueensie  hal ve n cputer chess ply  expert chessplayer aster  chessplayer  the hhest class gran aster

 adecive

est

acic

pctoral thor

 dered huan chest ih

prectn breastbne pigeon chest pgon brast  chest urur

souffle

ew  chew the cud ruinat ken  brd  chckens clutch  ee ao fowl ke  chckpea paste hu us  chckpea rssle felafl ef  combinn form arch  che bea architrav  che

archbishop abbot prior  che priorss

bshp

che nk nun abbss

lbln  ulceraed chlblan kib l  combinin form pa .adecive: ilial  ealy chdhd in fancy  dentn a chld bn wthn wedc lgiim dentn a chld brn t  wedlc bard i lgitima  chld that has been

abandned by ts parents founling  chld whse parents ae dead orphan  chld substtuted r an the n nancy changeling par ental respnsbty r a chld cus toy  chld cared r by a uardan war  chld under state uardan  bn up shp war of cour  chldren anthers chd foster kled by Herd Holy Innocents  chlds leadn rens harnss  chlds playul sbehavur is chif  exceptnally talented chld chil progy wunerkin  ch drens part  a huse nursery  day nursery r yun chldren crch  chd wh ces he t an epty huse latchkey chil  prect er n pastes r chldren durn schl hldays playschee  per sn supervisn chldren n publc chaperone  supervse chldren whe ther parents are ut babysit  study and reatent  the dseases  chldren paeiatrics  dentstry  chdren paeoontics  v prty t the nerests  chldren chilcntre  dentn sethn that chldren cannt pen r use chilproof  sutable r chldren and adults faily  state aency r ann chld antenance pay ents Chil Suppor Agncy per sn sexually atracted t chldren paeophile  representatn  a nake wned chld n Renassance art aoro cherub puo

lbrt  aecve obsric pu rpral  rcess  chldbrth liv ry  chldbrh at he hoe  livery  chldbrth under water water birh  devce r ths birhing pool  chdbrth va a cut n the thers abden

sarian sction

Casaran Ca

 chldbrth wth nU edcal and technlcal nteventn natural chilbrth de ntn a wan capable  chldbrth fcund  wan wh has never

hldbrth  Chns

6 give birth nullipara  woma giv ig birth for the rst time prmpara  woma bearg a child for aother: surrogate mother  medical care ad stdy of those givig brth obstetrcs  doctor providig sch care or perso makig sch stdy obstetrcan  assist the b irth of a child de ver  rse attedig at cildbirth mde  hospital for the care of childbrth maternty hosptal hos pital area for the al staes of labor del ery sute  strt lbor rticialy nduce  ormoe stimlatig womb cotractios ad milk secretio oxtocin  ormoe makig the cervi dilate relaxn  perid betwee the srt of cotrac tios ad delivery labour  spial aaesetc give i childbirth e dural, extrdrl  drg easig labor pais pethdne  positio of the fets at the time of delivery: presentation  presetatio with feet or bttocks rst breech delvery  srgical cttig of the vagia at childbirth epsotomy  large picers as sistig childbirth forceps  sctio device assistig childbirth vacuum extractor, ventouse  greasy deposit coverig a ewbor ifat vernx  predictio of a ftre child's geetic disorders gnec counselling de otig the period before cildbirth antenatal, antepartum  deotig the period after chldbirt postnatal, postpartum  deotig the period from the chld's coceptio til weaig maternty  rst li qid from the breasts colostrum  sbstace ecoragig breastmilk glaactagogue  ecessive prodc tio  breastmilk galacorrhoea  breastfeed a baby nurse woma's fever aer childbirth mk fever  fever cased by terie infctio aer childbirth: puerperl fever  perid after childbirth i which the productive orgas rer t ormal:

puerperum

 govermet

fce

where births are recorded reg ster of fce � see ls b rth, pregna ncy

chmney

 freestadig part of a chimey stack  hooded chimey top col  dct iside a chimey flue  partiio betwee les he

Chinese

. cii fr Sno  Chiese ocial mandarn  hiese ative laborer coole  Chiese secret crimial gag Tong, Trad  Chiese idol: oss  Chiese tmple oss house  Chiese Bddhist teacher: bonze  absolte priciple i Chiese philosoph Tao  active male priciple i Chiese philosphy yang  passive female pricipe of Chiee hilosohy yn  Chiese philosophica ystem advocatig h mility ad piety Taosm  Chiese woma's losettig silk dress chonsam  stick for eatig Chi ese food chopstck  Chiese fry ig pa ok  sop made rm a coatig o bird's ests bird's nest soup  Ciese egg dish foo yong  Chiese dish of grilled meat i a spicy sace satay  hiesestyle dish of meat mied vegetables ad rice chop suey  Chiesestyle dish of fried odles with shredded meat ad vegetables cho men Chiese pacake lled with vegetables sprng roll  small Chiese savry dmpig onton  prawavored ricelor crisp pran cracker Chiese sack of small mpligs dm sum  small white Chiese dessert frit ychee  Chiee sace with sgar ad viegar or lemo seet and sour sauce  food additive used i Chiese cisie monosodum gluamate  illess cased by ecessive moosodim gltamate Chnese res taurant syndrome  Chiese sor· ghm spirit maota  Chiese game played with small tiles mahjong  Chiese gamblig game: fantan

Ci n s  s

6

 Chinese gemeica puzze tan gram  Chinese matia at kung fu  Chinese pant with medicna t gnseng  Chise heapy y eedes aupunture  diy en egy path in Chinese medicine and cupunctue meran e fce n Chnese medicine and phsphy   Chinese execise systems ta  uan, gong  Chinese divinain manua I Cng Book of Canges  fome Chinese w f geetng kowtow  pncipa Chinese a Manarn, Putongua guages  ransiteatin systems fm Chi nese WaGles, Pnyn .achitec tua decain  the Chnese stye nosere .faus ype f medi eva Chinese pcea Mng  Chi nese saing vesse unk  Chiese taditina acing a ragon boat  imitatin f Chinese mots in West en at nosee  study f Chi nese cutue and pitics Snology Chese s . paty f ca in chage f pitica educatin ommssar  individua pitica  dctinatin tougt reform  pt ica wapste azbao l sa .jacket n Chnese cmmunist stye

cess f avaae ptins embarras  o  wng ptin in a ipe chice questin strator hr .ecive oral  sectin f a chuch chir standig n the nh side antors . sectin f  chuch chi sandg n the suth side e an  chi divided  sing aniphn ay ouble or  y meme f a chi orstr hse  chse as candidate f an eectin aopt .chse at andm

 denting chips with wavy

Chists appeaance in gy t hee  cm discipes ransfguaton mematin f Chists nty int Je usaem Palm Sunay  cmmem atin f Chists institutin f the Eucharist Corpus Crst  Chists sueing and deah t Passon  pace f Chists etaya Gtsm ane  Chists ute t Cavay Va Dolorosa  pace f Chiss cucix in Calvary .maks f Chiss cu cixin estwed n hes hugh paye stgmata  epesentatin f he dead Chist in his mhes ms pet  site f Chists a Holy Spulr  Chists feeng f the ighteous dead Harrowng of Hell  ceebatin f Chists esuectin

Mao aket

h

edges rnkleut hr  gve thwn dwn  a knight as a chaenge gage  patnesss in etc wn y a knight favour  ma oigatins f the niity noblesse oblge hte  denting chcae mde withut mk plan  geyish depsit n the suface f sted chc ate bloom  make  see f chocae oolatr  h   chice whee bth ptins lemma diadvantages hae  chice with n ea atenatives Hobson's o  chice made  aocate scace esouces trag  ex

raw selet by lot

hrs  eciv oral or Chrst . cobii fo Crsto

 ecive omnal  cened n Cstontr Chist .e pesentatin f Chists descent m Jesse Jesse tree  Chist h  a epesenatin f it Natvty  mde f he stae wih gues rb  cmmematin f the h f Chist Crstmas  peid of fasng peceding hs Avnt  cmmem atin of he visi f he agi Epp any  cmmematin f the pesen tatin f the innt Chist

Presntaton Purfaton Canl mas  cmmematin f Chists  cmmematin f fast Lnt

Christia I chrch

63

aster

• commemoration

of Christs return to heaven Ascensio . com memoration of the descent of the Holy Spirit entecost, Whit Su nday .epected return of Christ o earth at the ast Judgement Second Coming • representation o f Christ as universal ruler pantocrator • doctrine of Christs two natures duaism � see ls Lent

Chrsan . memer of Christ' immediate circle during Hs earthly ministry dscpe .meer of this continuing group perceived as leaders and founders of the Church aposte .Christian love agape . medieval Christian epedition to regain the Holy Land: crusad • Cristian oerving Sunday a the aath saataran • Christian preaching inteded to mae converts eangeism • Chritian thnsgiving for he harvest harvest festiva • Christian tradition emphsizing scriptural authority and persona conversion: evangecaism . Christian Church following the Pope Roman Cathoic Church • Christian Church following the Oecumenical Patriarch Othodox Church . denoting those Western Christian Churches follow ng the prnciples of the Reformation rotestant • denoting Christian unity: ecu  enica • ofcially eclude someone from the Christian sacraments excommnicae

hrse • female chromo some X chromosome 8 male cromosome Y chomosome .numer and appearance of an organism's chromosomes karyotype .chromo some defect causing intellectual im pairmet and physical anormalities Dons syndrome  study of chromosomes ytogenetcs

hrh • djective ecceiastca, eccesa I • principal church of a diocese cathedra . church eempt

from iocesan control pecular .denoting a church endowed for a chapter of canons colegiate . large church originally part of a monastery minster . small private chapel oraory • sanctfy a church for use conse cate  assign a chrch to a saint's protection dedcate • church usher verger • senior layman resposile fo church property etc churchaden • churchwarden's assistant sidesman  church caretaer and graedigger sxton • ocial in chare o estments and sacred vessels sacristan . church roing room estry • ocial leading processions etc verger • forms of church service: turgy 8 church assely synod, convoca. church court consistory ton • church aw canon a • epel from a church excommunicate • courtyard efore a church parvis . church prch gaile • church antechamer narthex  holywater asin near a chuch door soup • main part of a church: nave • wooden congregationa ench pe • pew with high sides giving privacy ox pew • kneelng cushion: ha s s ock, knee er • sp ac e for access between pew s aise . raised enc losed latform for preaching: pulpt • reading stand for a Bible: lecern • broad aisle or passageway ambulatory wooden seat for choir or clergy: s ta l  . lede o n this supporting a standing person m isericord mis e rere • sec tion of a churc h c hoir standing on the north side catoris  • sec tion of a c hurc h choir standing on the south side: deca ni • booth for priest to hear c onfessions: confess i ona  part of a c hurc h containing the high altar s a nctuary • sanctuary c upboard aumbry • side table in a sanc tuary: credence • stone seats for the c elebrants, built into the south sanc tuary wall seda . view onto the altar, c u t through a pillar: hagios c op e, s q uint •



Cu of England I circle  art of a church round the sancuary hane  ood or stone arti-

tion at the chancel entrance: roo sreen, sreen  art of a chuch between nave and atar hoir  art of a chuch but out to form one of the arms in a crosssaed lan transept  art of a church here nave ad transets join rossing art of a chuch to the side of a nave or chancel asle  art of a church beneah the main loor ypt unerro  set of indos oveooking aisle roofs lerestoy  galery running over an acade triforiu  section of a church east of the mai tar retro . hor  curved or olygon extension to the east end of a cuch apse  ase with an ambuatory hevet  art of a church or buding adja cent to it used for batisms baptist ey  chael dedicated to the Blessed Vgin: Lay hape  ater container for batisms fon  chael or tar endoed for Masses for the founder's sou hanty  icon screen in an rthodox chuch: ionostasis  room here vestments etc are kt saristy  grotesque stone gure on the outside of  church gargoyle  roofed gate into a chuchyard yh gate  buding in a chuchyard for exhumed bones: harnel house  a teth of one's income given to the Church tithe  authoriation from a Church authority fauty  denoting a Church having state control or su sever form ort establishe links between Church and state s establsh . Church administrative district parsh  study of the Church Fthers and thi ritings patrsts, patrology  study of church building ad decoation elesology ee

ao altar

Chh f Engln  adectve Anglan  grou of Churches word

de tht ae  communion ih the Church of England Anglan Co

unon  Anglican rovincia synod onvoation  aish's coribution to diocesan nds uota  riest

suervising a gou of aochia clergy rura an  ais riest formey receiving tithes: retor arish riest not formey receiving tihes viar  riest's house etory varage job as ais riest bene fe, ivng riest in charge of a benece nubent fom e sto of a benece nuton eriod beteen incumbets nter

regnu

r  srong rough cider srupy  drink of daught cider and lager snakebte  uy fruit le aer cidermaking

poae

gr  long straightsided cigar or

ona

 long thin ciga: panatella  cigar taering at the ends: peeto  oeended ciga heroot  stub f a ciga bu  airtit cigar box hu

ior

grtt

flter p

 cigaette ith a ter  stub of a cigaette bu

n

theue

 sma cinema

nea

 cinema rogramme oer

ing two fullength ms ouble fea ture  buding housing several cinemas ultple  ratio of idth to heigh o rojected image

ratio

rl  cobii fo

cycaa)

yl 

 imagined cicle joining the earth's oles erian  imagined cicle round the eath equidis tnt from its oles euator  rehis toric stone cicle henge  distance across a cicle aeter  distance round the outside of a cicle ru ferene line from the cente to th circumference of a cicle raus  hafcicle serle  quartercicle uarant cicular move ment of aer or smoke ey  cicular moement of the axis of a inng object preesson



irs  lan

65

crcus . arge circus tent g top

• place where circus animals ae kept: menagere • enclosed area for a cicus performance: rng • person

directing a crcus performance: rng-

mster cidl • ancient Greek citadel: acropols .Russian citadel: kremln • orh rican citade: kasa citizn • b fr ese (eg Vennese) • djtve cl  g of hoorry citizenship freedom ci . djeves cc ran .chief city: metropols • city formed by the joining of severa tons conraton • huge composite city megalopols metropex • centra pt of a city: nner cty . outlying par of a city sr • sbub nhabited by daily commuters dormtory sr .city

area inhabited by a paricar ethnic or socia group: getto • preserved on land round a city: green et clairvanc • having powers of cavoynce: fey � see  sprtal-

st cla

• clans femae head

matrarc . can's mae head patrarc .distinctive plaid of a Scottish clan tartan class • owest socia stratu: nder class  wong casses proetarat

.middecass perso with convetioa views orgeos • he provincia midde classes: Mdde ngland • saari casses: saarat • member of the pper mide class at oges • pivieged an ential sectio of society: oerclass • admrer of he upper casses and their ways: sno • admer of the ower classes and ther ways inerted sno • diaec of a particar socia cass: socoet • cass structue: socal scale socal ladde  mprvng oes social status: pardly mole • perso kee to improve his or her soial status socal clmer . inov

g scia groups of equa status orontal • acceptable in the best circles: pkka

cssiic

• classicaion

of plants and animals by shared feaures taxonomy • classication of plants and animas based on inherited characteristics cladstcs • classicatio of pants and amas by genus and species: nnaean nomenlatre nomal nomencatre  cassica tion by genera type: typology • classicaion accorig to rank er arcy • classication according to shared ancestry cladstcs

cus

• clause

hat is n itse a complete sentnce man clase • cause that is not n itsef a compete sentence clase sordnate • clause n a contract stipulating exceptions: sang clase • contractual cause feeing a pary from obligations under stated conitions escape clase . contractua clause alowng for prce creases escal-

ator clase c • ont claw of a lobster or crab: pncer • having nonretactie claws ynopodos c • cay sed fr bricks and ws adoe • clay used for china kaoln

• clay

worked for makg potery or bricks: pg • thin cay used to decorate pottery: slp • cay used to make reddish pottery: terra cotta • mixture f clay and straw used for ws: co • clay used as a ter: fller' eat • liquid cay seaing a joint lute

c • clean wihout using water: dryclean .clea by hard rubbig: scor • cean by pressurized sand sandlast • ceanl practices: y gene • sterie food by gamma radiation adate  disposabe piece f paper etc for cleaning pe • mass of mated ne wire used for ceanig

re ool

clarityof a picture or ound        cl e r preparig.theleglcldocuments:    e rgy co  ecti v el y   forseverlgrouppariOfshesclergyresponsi b le      clcleeriricc servassistig agpriasonpricoestege shi p  etc clerical rnk mlitarychaplclaeinr i cal ranks.Protestant belo cldeaon    e rgyman    nt  .miclergyman nister's atlatyachedassistto  make ship someone or miiatarypriestunior: minister   person pepari n g or ordi n  tiandonthe incomederi.clvedergman s j o b from i t :  belo apiececlericofa blcoackarmaerial ornper sonsuchhopersonsis notcollectia vcleleyri c  re duce a cl e ri c to l a y status       R E      .steep clff      col lapseof part of a cl face: dry cl i m at e i t h hot sum mers and col d i n ters      denotispecigala clmimdateclimofatea sma region  .sex amentlaxplay r a    cl i m b down si n g a doubl e d rope     cl i  b by gri p  pig ipltahcetheforhands and f e et  a c i m ber' s hands or foleed :   cimpiber dris inensecureintofotothe rock:    secure a c   ber s rope round a piton rock etc:  roc 

 adjecive

erk



erg



 









•









 see alo

l



te  



x  adjecive



b 











"b"�I preposi  i o ned ai d s:        .clmenti bing aoneand .spithoukedeuiplapte for.climabercls iimceber'axe:s boot cl  m ber' s attendant clcarryi n g suppl i e s:      i c gi v i  g general prac titioner andclinspeci a l i s t servi c es c f o r ome     enl arged and rigid state of thein theclitoriclistoris    erect ie tissue rounded part at the end of the cl i t ori s :    .fold ofremoval skin surroundi n g thi s   of the cl i t ori s                      .ex citogether sion ofofthethe clvulitorivasandsitchi g .preci s e cl o ck  atomi  cl o ck:       large longcase cl o ck  smal l e r l o ngcase cl o ck     sma  rect  angul a r cl o ck i t h a hand e       .clock mechaniclocksms si n gi n g eistudyghtedof rodclock   art or m aki n g    denot i n g a cl o ck di a l i t h moi n g hands    denot i n g a cl o ck diplaaly iha changi n g numer c al di s  .f o l o i n g the di r ect i o n oflatinclg oick'n sthhands      ci r cu e opposi t e di r ect i o n t o a lk's hands           set a cl o ck t o t h e sae t i m e as another   land  the midde of a oister cl o  h impregna e d wi  h oi l  sedfor sais andpaintstngsrong cloh

ln 



ltrs 



(pl.

coora

cavernosa)





k 

















lser

lt

 adjecive





�

I I

loths  loths

67

                                                                                                                                           

 cloth

o cover a corpse sroud, ndng seet  coh paced over a chair bac o proec i from hairo antmacassar  ro of cloh olt  clothmaker cloter  person ceaning and hicening cloth fuler . clay used by a fuer fuller's ea . clothmerchan mercer, daper,

coter clhes

 djective

sartoral

.al

he cohe owned by a peron ard roe  se of cohes worn ogeher out, ensemle  iems compeing an ensembe accessores  denoing clohes suiabe for boh men and women unsex  denoing cohes n a eesy eegan syle classc  casua cohes lesure  ar  syle of womens clohes havng a low nec and high wais empre lne .deno ing women's clothes shaped o  he body fully fasoned  denoing clohes reveaing gmpses f he body peekaoo  denoing cohes ha are funcina aher han decoraive sensle  ceremonia clohe full dress, roes  cohing specic o a cerain aciviy kt  cohes other han unform or reguaion dress mu  maer of cohes talor  de sign and manufacure of fashion cohes couture  designer of fash ion cothes courer (fe coutue) . couuiers rademar lael .cou uriers shop salon  denoing cohes frm a fashionable couuier desgner . maker of hearica or ancydres cosumes costumer  fused model for dispaying cohes dummy  coours on a garmen colouay  par of a garmen conrasing in coour wih he main fabric facng  urnedbac edge of a garmen reers . par of a garmen covering he souders yoke . gi ering subsance as cohes ornamen pallette seu n , spangle .aened siched fod n a garmen tuck  apered uc shaping a garmen

e

da . doube fod held by iching peat  sharp narrow pea knfe peat  decoraive fri or plea ruce  srip of ornamenal maeria on a skir or dress flounce . lengh of coh rang behind a dress tran  si a he bac of a ace ec ent

 si

covering fasenings or for a poce openng placket  poce sewn ono the surface of a garmen patc pocket  poce se no a garmen slas pocket  gradua widen g of a garmen flare  urned and ewn edge of a garmen em  hin sripe for buness clohes pnstrpe  garmens ha can be worn in vari ous combinaons separates  clohg ec coeced by a bride before her marriage troueau, oom drae  clohes for a new baby layete  babys shor coa matnee coat  babys onepiece garmen playsut, rompers  couuriers range of new cohes collecton  iurgical clothes estments . ong srip of coh worn over he shouders or round he wais sas . fabric riangle worn over he shouders sal . ong scarf or shaw stole  long scarf of fu or feahers oa  sml shaw fcu  fabric headcovering kercef . quare of cloh worn round he neck neckercef  sma shiny decoraive dis seun  cohes indicaing membership of a eam ec colours  guardsmans a fu cap earskn . dar clohes worn with universiy robes sufusc  onepiece garmen leaving ony he head hands and fee exposed oler

sut, coerall, jumpsut, sren sut

 onepiece

undergarmen covering arms run and legs comnatons  oose veral smock, louse . oose garmen reaching he nees tunc  seeveess unic taad  ahlee's warm oversui tracksut, seatsut .weaherproof racsui sell sut  casua rousers slacks

6E

I clot hes

clot hes

                                                                                                            · ·  ·  · · · · · ·  · ·   · · ·   ·  ·  ·   · · · · · · 1

 denm trshaped ousers trousers wth a forbb: hose rgathered dng: at the knee:trousers endng ankl baggye·coer knckerbockers: n g llowerenghleg:of cloth wound round t h e short j a cket w t h elastcated wast and cuffs:sleeeless jracket: s l k j a cket w t h an up· g belhtted coljacketlar: wth box pleats:  l  g ht w e g ht bel t e d jacket wth patch pockets: j a cket  n Ch  nese commun s t styl e  jacket wth slts a theoutdoor sde orjaback: cket waterproofed w t h wax: ltheonghead:waterproof jacketthpulck ledoul d oere breasted j a cket: jacket warm hooded jacke : worn short when sslteteelng eupss nclobed:ak: short cl o ak w t h a mask:  wooen cape w t h a sl  t for tsweater: he head: tsweater' hcks hblguhe turnedoer coar: sleeeless sweat e r: motor short st's short coat : sa l o r' s oercoat:long heay oercoat: l o ose oercoat bel t ed at thooded he back:coat wth togglheaye fastenwoolnlgs:en waterproof coat: bul l e t  p roof coat denot n g a coat w t h a s ndenot gle rowng ofa coatbuttwonsth two rows of but tons and an oelfrontappnedgeg front : of a jashort cket stlheateeds casual folded top:back:  loose shrt or dress: orna garees

dun-



jodhpurs

puttee

jacet,

knickerbocers plus fours gater spat



wnd cheater  jern  mandarn

fo jacet

jacet, safar jacet hacng jace



bomber

jacet Norbush

Mao jacet

waxed jacet

cagoule  reefer, reefer jacet anora, para

bedjacket cape  domno



ponco  guernsey  poo nec, rollnec, turtleneck  pUover, slipover car coat  pea coat pea jacket, plot jacet greatcoat ulster duffel coat  tosh, rancoat fa jacet 

mac-



snglebreasted

doublebeasted

afa

lape Tsht

 ment a l sh r t fr l  : st a che neck fr l  : l o ng sh  t worn bed:oer nghtwear: loose coat  elastc stslpeeelsupport n g a stock n g e ss est: talstrs: p of materal coerpnegcetheof clgenot wound aboutwomn the hs aps nandonecrotunderch garment: woman' s gur shapng undergarment: woman s l  g ht bel t stock n g suspenders: nwoman' s undergarment g womanthe s est: breasts: l o ose  tt n g bod c e: stwoman s short est expos n g oskmach: bal l e r n a' s garment t coernwoman' s g the trunk andwoman's cltrounk,setarms, ng andgarment coer n g l e gs: nwoman s cl o se  t  n g garment coer g woman' the trsunktwoandpelceegs:swmsut: lowoman' s sw m su t cons s t n g o t h e wer hal f of t h  s :  woman's lght tlooseghtrobe  tt n g strap less top or women or g  l s  woman s c o se  tt  n g slporteeelngessa sltop:eeeless top: strap part sp of claosedressttngaboe bodthe ce:wast: juwoman' s mat c h n g card g an and mper: woman s short open jacketcl: osettngwoman' s sh r t: dress:  dress hng n g stdress raghtarfromngthoute sholfromders:shoulder to hem: denotng alongdressformalhadress n g low necklne: dress abot

uff nightshrt

garter



dressng

gow\

single



Gstring tong

loincloth



teddy



foundaton" foundaton garment corset, grde rollon  suspnder bel! bra, bodce, bety

ice

cop top tutu 



body, bodysut, eotard



catsuit uitard

bod stocin: bn 1 monokin ouse-

coat pegnor

tube bustr

boob



tan top



halte



bodice basque

blouse sheah

twinset bolero



sheath



dress

tent dress gow  dcolet

chemse



a 0

loths I oal

69 skirt of a single piece of cloth ound round and tucked in: sarong  dress or skrt of a single oveapping piece ith one fastening raparound rapover  dess or skirt ending ell aove he knee mn  dress or skirt of midcalf length md  coat or skir of anke length max  div ided skr culottes  fu ide skirt ith a tight aistand: drndl .pad dng formerly orn under the rear of a skrt: bustle . loose underdess cemise  light underskir r underdress pettcoat  sho petticoat slip .hoops formey supporting a skirt fartngale  hooped petticoat: cnolne  oman's light dessing gon: neglgee . loose dress  orn y a oman in ed: ngtdress ngtgon  omen's underear and nightclothes: ngere .furry tue to arm the hands muff  orkman's heavy jacket ith leatherpatched shoulders donkey jacket  man's heavy doulereasted overcoat ul ster  man's longtaed coat for for mal day ear: morning coat tal coat  man's suit for forma daytime ear lounge sut  man's forma evening jacket dinner acket  man's velvet jacket mokng jacket . man's long ailed coat for formal evening ea dress coat, alcoat . mans long tailed coat for outdoor forma ear frock coat . man's fase shirt front: dicky  sash orn ith male evening dess cummerbund  opening at the front of trousers fles  man's shrs for simming or oxing trunks  man's long underpants long jons  decoraive pouch for the male geni tals codpece  man overeager to dress smarty: dandy, fop  denoting a neatly dessed man dapper spruce . eleganty dressed: gn  sone)  asket for drty cothes linen basket  dummy to display clothes mannequn .person em poyed to ear clothes for display

 omen's clothes hen orn y men drag  ear clothes of the opposite sex: crossdress  put on clothes: don  ear informa or scry clothes: dress don  ear model

smart clothes or fancy dress dress up  take  clothes doff � see s

glove at, unform robes vestments �fr ites ffrei cthi

see r the pprprite ti  jective

clud

 djective nebulous  toer

ing clOdmass umulonmus  rounded clOUdmass: cumulus . mass o f fastmoving cloud rack .lo grey cloud: nmbostratus nmbus . lo layer of clumped grey cloudmasses stratocumulus  cloud forming a continuous grey sheet: stratus  height of cloud ase: celng  study of clouds nepology

clu

 djetives

clavate cavform .heavy clu bludgeon  spiked metal clu mace  Irish clu sl lelag . Australian Aorigial clu: nullanulla addy  South rican clu knobkerre clu'  veto someone's proposed memership of a clu etc: blackball cluc  disengage a motor's cluch declutc cl  so ronish coal lgnte  hard smokeless coa antracte  coal heated in a vacuum: coke

 coal dust ith sma pieces of coal:

slack . semiliquid mixture of ater and coa particles slurry  black li

quid distied from ituminous coal coal tar  ood preservative distied from coal tar creosote  area it many coal deposits coalfeld  coal mine: collery  coa miner: coller  coa iner's asket: co  coal mine safety ofcia deputy  ship ransporting coal coller  coal store bunker  reside ornamental coa ox: scuttle  stony residue from urnt coal clnker

 c 0  c                                                                                                                                                            

coastal reioncoastal ith a sbtropi c al cl i  ate area rel a rl y covered blinetides sceniccrve i n a coast  coast road rbancoastalseasidatchan e road coatcoat iitthh plor or sar a ster or ceent coat a all ith plankin potent hard f o r of co caine pried cocaine cockne s tradi t i o nal dress cockne eari n  these advocaat and leonade brand i t h  l a vored atleoner jiandce, andiceorane liqerbrand inin andand anost  ra bi t  e rs cherr brandy iinn, andveroth, dr verothand Capari  i n , orane l i  qer, and l e on ji c e r and ater r and ljiicee,jiandce cocont.r, pineapple spirits ith beaten eteqiandla andlk chapane vodkavodkaand orane   i c e and toato j  i c e hi s k and i n er ilnne r li jic hisk ith i n e or spi r i t s i t h f r i t j  ices, spices, etc  cocont bre dried cocont kernels deciord pherienabl n ofincodes  thi s  teencode xt rit ean itext n code encode electronicall

s  adjecive

era

satg bght  che   espaade coastguard



ttora



rv



cor



dredge  reder cad �see also cothes

ne

base

crac

ke

free





peares  peary queen pearly g

k

sowba

 

car  g  pore sng   mart negro

smash





denoti n  a text sent ot ofcoposed code of lons andsishorts nallin code std ofcodecodescoposed of paral lel lines of varin thickness lcodesihteittin device readin bar st r on bl a ck coffee ade nder st e a pressre coffee topped stiithlafrothed i l k  nt i n coffee coffee sedi  ent  coffee pot i t h a plner coee pot passi n  heated ater thoh t.sthe oronds ne cofn  i n ner con frae ork on hi c h a cofn a be set or carri e d cofn carrier coheel ith teeth at cod or toothed bar or rail rotatin coil in a dynao or electric otor .f a ce of a coi n  back of a coi n  i  pres siriondesstaped on a coi n  on a coi n  s ede coi n anfact o r col  e cti o n o specidepri envcoe ancos atn oftheonet oalarMistnat ts std of coins col d andcolddap sleep .feel i n  of ex r ee st a t e broht on b extdaae reecased cold b extree cold isse therometer for l o  teperat  res sbst a nce prod cideep n florezi nteperat  res of corpses i n hpe of sbseqent edi c al advances that cold reverse the case of death scrambe

e car

code  cryptoogy code



uversa

Morse cryptography

bar code

product

ght pe

ffee



esesso



cappucco caffene 



 

percoator sarcohagus she 

ffn

cst

grounds cafetre



ber catafaque pabearer

sde p g  ga crown wheel rac  



90°:



armature

Whte ady n numsmatc  adjecive gog nummular obverse daqur reverse   pna coada cuse  mlng  eggog egg fp   mt  sammer tequa sam me  screw pyx  drver  demoetze  Boody Mary  umsmacs whsy mac  whsy sor  . combiningorms cryo da  np  puch hypotherma   n cor frost copra  be  crypt e  cryometer  aayss  ey cryoge wod  crypto gram  ecpher encrypt  cryo

                                                     colla            pse           I       colour

gencs cryoncs

 medic

trea

ment usg tense cold cryoterapy  surgery usg tense cold to des troy tissue cryosurgery cllapse  wds collapse: mplo-

son clla

• high sti collar wih uned corners ng collar  high

dow turnedoer coll on a sweater polo neck • br attachg a collar to a shirt: stud cllecn  collection of related items: compendum  collection of miscellaneous items: farrago ob lot .collection of writgs: antology,

collectanea commonplace book orlegum mscellany omnbus

 collection of historic cuments arcve  collection of texts: corpus  collection of essays on a partiular topic: symposum

cllecve fam  collectie fm  Israel: kbbu  collectie fm  Rssia: kolkoz cllec  collector of bygones: antquary  collector of beer mats: tegestologst .collector of books: bblople  collector of butteries and moths: lepdopterst  collector of cos and medas: numsmatst  collctor of matchboxes pllumenst  coector of stamps: platelst cllege . jeiv collegal collegate • college for pupls  their n yers of secondy educato sxtform college .fuher educa tion coege proidg couses n prac tic or technic subjcts tecncal college . mlitary college raing potenti ocers mltary academy  miity college ag ocers for staf duties sta college • music college conservatore  rthodox Jewish college yesva  college site and budigs campus  college doorkeepers room: lodge  college courtyard quadrangle  college d ng room: all refectory . table 

this for senior teachg s: g table . college room where proi sins are sold: buery  college re laxation room for fellows: senor common room  his for postgradu ates: mddle common room  this for undergraduates: unor common oom  college princips apart ments lodge lodgngs  college doorkeeper: porter  college an ci managr: bursar • cleric sering a college caplan  senor membe of a college: fello don  college fel ow  charge of disciple dean  college teacher responsible for a par ticul subject: tor  college tuition sessio for an diidu or smal group tutorial  aual college feast: gaudy commemoraton  money deposited with college authorities to pay for breakages: cauton money � see o Cambrdge Oxford unversty

clny  djective colonal o state clu cromato, cromatc

� see

 cobii

ors cromo  djective  one of a group of basic colours combing to form a the ohers: prmary colour  coour made by mixg to primary colos secondary colour  range of colours: spectrum palee  band of colous produced by refaction of a light source: spectrum  denotg a colou hat combes with another to make white or back: complementary  colour tensity: saturaton  pro ducg colour cromogenic  using only one color: monocomatc   a singe uniform colour: selfcoloured • hag seeral colours:

partcoloured, ped polycromatc, polycrome  denoting colours that are burnt into a surface encaustc  sma patch of colour eck  suble shade of a colou tnt . faint trace of  colour: tnge  quity of a colour tone  marked with patches o



 u r bndness I cmmunicatn

colcolo:oing matte comp e t e colabioitybtoindness: di s cen onl y   o of t h e thedee bpinmdness ay coos geen b   n dness: beectblinang dness:a comn shot nat o  n sppoti n g amadail: of these onamentdenot a fencinngg a colmnengaged attachedcotomntheatathe end ofmnsan acade  focolofmnsco deni n g a space head of a colcemnin a comn: slight concae beam acoss t h e t o ps of co  mns: onamentacyinpoch i t h col  mns di c a stone f o mi n g pt of a co  mn aange (statisticpo s etce)ctiinncolg poimnsn on a comb comb l o hemp befoe spnning mediea mockcombat be teen monted kni g hts p a ce opayedschicombat  combat game th contes on maps Spani s h b   ghte onbfootght e SpaniSpni sh mont e d s h b   ghtmatado e kis imonted ng the assbs:tant: pon ho f o ght  n a oan aena t o ent  t a i n : nati o n o peson ngaged in afae combi n at  o n i  t o a siatniogne inintota coheent ho combn combination of bsnesses: combination of

 r

dapped motted variegated pigmet bnne



moochomatism



tades to  pices: sol i d head of a comet: l  mi n os ta  fooi n g a comet comfotabe and cosy: degee of matei a  comfot enjoyed aboand tay command: that st becommand obeyed: oi e nta  e  s soeei g n s com mand adised by the bPindiyngConci l  oci a l icommand nstcton: cay ot a comment made i n pass iment: ng pecepti  e com  t y comment e pessing a genea tth moa  y comm t t e d: avoid commttng onese commi t tee establ i s h icinpglesanofogan z at i o n s geneal pi n  opeati o n commi t tee appoi n ted to adi s e on a patica poblempalamen tppose ay commit ee appointed fo a speci a  i n i t a  tcent ion to jomembes in a commitee gien by ita commi t e e i t h pesons sympat h et i c to ones aims Commoneath bassy membe of a commne commni c at o n by poste oestgeste a b i sh o fac l i t a t e com mn c ati o n: ogans of mass commni c at o n: comm niccatiatioonnsoecompay: comm a dstance by telephone carte price

rig

u-

et 

cleus

coma

dichromatism ft  daltonism protan sug   opia  deutera stadard of living opa  tritaopia n  adjecives mandatory pias- preceptive  n  dtat ase  tr  bauster  dictate baustrade frman  en gaged  Order in Counc  respod  directive coonade execute perstyle  ent  capt  obiter dicum etass  aper�u  architrave aphoism  epigram portco  tent  tambour  engag  tabuate hedge

b

tooth



card

b 

ists

joust



rieg-

spie

btnt

torero  oreador





dor

gadiator

ttee

tee

steering commt·



group woring party

seect committee



cooptio

f

pac matador pica Cnwet  high commsson 

ne 

be com munard geret  see also soder troops nn

btn 

cosodato

worig



syhe

sis  congomerate consorum corpor atio syndicate

esics



body aguage

ase the media carrier



cos I copss

73 ec teecommuncaton rad . wr m me us ing eecmmu ncans: teecommute . discussn nvvng ree r mre persns a dfferen ses usng eecmmunicains teleconference . cene n ng grund cmmunicans  sateies teeport  nernaina cmmunicans sysem usng ee prners telex  nernana cmmuncains sysem usng eecrnic scannng fax  eecmmunicains canne wi a andwd sufcien fr vices: voce cann e mmunsm  nd f cmmnism reanng eemens f Wesern ierasm: Eurocommunsm  cenra pcy cmmee f a cmmunis sae poltburo  sanding egsatve cm mee f a cmmunis sae: presdum  ppsiin  e ca Pary ine spttsm  undergrund pusing n  cmmunis sae: samzdat . cunries n cnred y cmmunism free orld � see ls

Cnese communsm, Sovet cmpact dsk  cmpac dis ayer ae  pay severa diss i successin: mut player

cmpany

 ective

corporate

 cmpany perang n severa cun

ries multnatonal, transnatona  cmpany wse sares are n n puic sae prvate company .cmpany wse sas are raded n e stc excange publc company  capia raised y a cmpanys sae f is sares: stock . funds used n a cmpanys dayday rading orkng captal . cmpanes nder cm mn wnersip group  cmpany creaed  cnr ers wse sares it ds: oldng company . cmpany cnred y a dng cmpany subsdary . cminatin f w cmpanies n ne meger  uyu f ne cmpany y aner: takeover  denng a aever re sisted y is vicim ostle  persn

r cmpany mang an accepae cunerid  a se aever e kngt . cmpany cnred y s sareders jontstock company  nmna cmpany sell company • cmpany secn wi a pecic functin dvson  denng a ean igy efcien cmpany  ansfer a serun cmpany  prae wnersip denatonalze, prvatze  wrer nvvemen n cmpany ndustral gvernmen democracy  ransp r cm muncains cmpany carrer  cmpanys preferred sye f presen ain ouse style  ax n cmpany prs: corporaton tax  nerna  a cmpany ouse .cmpany de parmen respnsie r recruen raning and wefare: personne  cmpany deparmen respnse fr prduc nvain and imprvemen: researc and deveopment  car swing e nerrean f cmpany pss organzaton cart  curs and syms n a cmpany' veces lvery  spying  ga cmpany secres ndustra esponag  deng cmpanies wse sares are ued n e Lndn Stc Ex cange lsted  f a cmpany ex end r vary is perains: dvers  rerganze a cmpany n a smaler scae donsze, ratonaze • cse a cmpany dwn lqudate, nd up

cmparsn

 sandard

agans wc er iems may e assessed

bencmark, control, datum lne, yardstck  aving n suc cmmn sandard: ncommensurable . giv ng an annua cmparsn: year onyear cmpass  gyrscpeaigned cmpass gyrocompass  dening ne f e fu main cmpass pins cardna  deecin f a sp's cmpass nede y r n e sip devaton

 drectn n wic a cmpass neede

74

tt I ompter

wtioln oftuna compass needle fom.deect  ue t o magnetic not: competitions pelteiminext nayound ounds competfeeitpassion itno whated:ch each oundsdenot losesinaeg a elcompe im intpetitiotnosopenntoode all of achilisetvement of com- ai n bunch of co pettosdisadvantage imcompete cl o sel y  posed on a supeiing oa competi t o .denotplayegoupeceiofinclgubsno competi handicapng siodgete ove a season: out e the competition: magetic orth

deciatio

ettn



heats bye 

ocout



ope

league table  pac va vie  scratch







hadica

leagu  hors cocous

combining form

ltn

ogue (



caaoge)

tfoivcompl ial compl a i n t: cause a i n t: govenment oi a l i n vesti g ati n g complants: eat m ent by mi n ute doses of substances.mani causipnulg theationdiandseasemassage of ones and muscl e s: manipulation ofmassage the spinalteatment culumn: usimassag ng fagant o l s : system based on zone thepyinto te skin inseting needles  adjecive:

stict complminaince:mal compliance composes assistant tdafts: akin down dictation ocompose copyings pesonal musicalcompoun style: it the same f o mul a as anot h e but di  eent atomi c di s posi t i o n: denot ing a compoun cont a i n i n g cabon: denot i n g a compound not contchemainicnalg analcabon: y si s of a compoud expessed beakdon n symbols: of a copound into its constituent substances compomi s e be teen two mutual l y i n compa i b l e objcompomi ectives: se middl.admi e wayttinofg no compomise done wi t h out pulsion: computational devi.machi ce usinneg maki beadsng onmathemati wies cal calculslidaitnigonscentl section: .ule with a comput e  t h at can be hel d  n t h e hand .hand h el d mi c ocopute sevismalng laspota iaablye compute pot a bl e comput e : compute fo use by one peson atputaeti musieng a micopocesso: comcompute si z ed f o  desk useeay copy by thpoduct i o n of cmei s  geneal pupose compute moe powerful than a pesonal com

lne

speific

peormace toeism

ser

g







amauesis

n



idiom



isomer

orgaic



iorgaic



formula (pl fo-



mae)



de-

comositio

resse r  adjective

matic

peu-

queruous rs  quibbe  tradeoff  grievace  via media categorica, dogombudsma matic leentr ene lnt 



homeop-

athy

osteopathy



chiopractic 



aromatherapy

refexoogy  acupucture

lee combiningform . ocas)

 combinng

letel

cata

hol(o)form

( caacysm, de ( ee) holo ( oogra) over( overjoye) e (. erfec)

havi n g a pale comla eiedo: complexion .having having a yellowish complexion:

lxn



ashe palld, wa florid, ruddy sa ow, jaudiced

lsn



O

voutary

ttn



abacus

cacuator

side rule ter combiningform cyber  adjecive computatioal cyber 

pamtop

orgaizer oteboo to 

 



lap-

persoa computer

comuer  destop ig

persoa





micro-

destop pubish

cpte I copte

5

puter: orkstation • medium-sized computer minicomputer  powerful ompter supporting many peri pheras mainframe  multedi computer and entertament sysem multiplayer  denotng activities per formed by computers electronic  manufaturer's test of a computer omponent efore reeasing it or se benc est  te drng hich a compter is out of action dontime  te during which a compter is op erationa uptime • detect nd repar computer faults debug • computer or program for creting and editing texts: ord processor • physica components of a computer ardare • part ofa computer where operations central are executed and processing unit, mainframe  inte grated circit repacng ths microprocessor • other devices connected to these peiperals  computer part storing data and programs memory • compter programs, routnes and procedures: soare  set of ard and soware its devoted to a par ticula appication system .excu sivey assigned to a particular func tion  denoting dedicated computing eqipment compaie without modcation o that of other plugcompatibe manufacturers .start a compter boot  gan a cess to a comp ter system log in, log on .strng givng user acces to a system or part of it passord  ser vic or admnistrativ compter asks ousekeeping . coded n strctions conrong a coputer: command, program  reverse a pre vios ommand undo . aow the use of a program etc: support  sef operatig progrm with reasoning apacity: knobot  repeated se qence of programmed nstructon loop  singe nstruction expanding into a set macro .te taken y a sysem to impement comands re



sponse time • denotng systems pro cessng data as it is generated: real time . short te during which a computer deas with one user or pro grm efore swtchng to anoher: time slice . device dispaying dat on a screen visual display unt . compters dispayed ist of com mands or facities menu . movae indicator on omputer screen cursor  stip of icons used to perform cer tan ctions toolbar .handhed devce seecting tms shown on-scren: mouse, puck • ll moved to contro te crsor rollerball  pad on which this is moved mat  dis pay device receiving commnds y touches on the screen: touc screen  pul an icon across the screen drag • sml command pane wit touch sensitive areas touc pad • mar a dispayed item for particular treat ment select  device lowing direct nput of handwritten materia: stylus . photosensitive device nputting ma teria va the screen: ligt pen, stylus . onscreen warnng of system ma function or ad error message . onscreen request for user nput: prompt . progrm repacng an nchanged screen dispay with a moving ae screen saver • op tiona ackgrond pattern on a om puter screen apaper .damage to computer screen from ong use burnin .near sequence of characters etc string  convert pictures or ound no compter-proessabe form digitize . computer scannng of existing ages digital imagng  computer-aied recognition of prted characters: optica caracter ecognition  visua images pro duced usng computer tecnoogy grapics, computer grapics, videograpcs  computer mod of the rains aity to recogize and discrmnate: perceptron .anguage dening operaing tasks job conrol

7€

co mput er I comp uter                                                                                                                 ·    ·  · · ·  ·  ·    ·   · ·    · ·  · ·   · 1

language

 character sting identifying a program identfe  character

with no assigned identty used  a search string wld car .character string identical with that searched for match  proceeding by trial and error heurstc  copy data to a storage location save  extra copy of data taken for security backu  conducting an operaton in simultaneous part arallel rocessg  chief printed circuit board mother board  transfer a program or data to memory load  denoting a program or device directy accessible to the user froted  background computer process handling peripheral tasks daemo  system of intercon nected computers etwork  directl controlled by a comuter ole  not directly controlled by a com puter offle  study of electronic data processing for storage and retrieval iformaton scence infor

matio

 printout

techology

iformatics

of computer data hardcoy . onscreen dsplay of data so coy  printout of what is shon on the screen screen dum  onscreen mockup of page layout before printing age revew  series of jobs waiting for the printer rt queue  show an input character on  temporary area screen echo opened onscreen to display a program's output wndow vewort  component transferring electrical signals to the recordng medium head  computer device able to switch between disks changer  smalest unit of elctronic information bit  group of eight bits byte  series of characters stored in a computer strg  backup of changd es only emeta bacu  de vce giving highspeed backup to tape tae streamer  at plate for data storage dsk  device accessing  rigid non this disk drve

removable disk hard dsk hard driv  removable lexible disk floy
. link a smaller com- '

putr to a larger one: doc k • device alowng use of audio compone nts: sound card • cafe with compute rs

77

copte dsk I cop e keoad

fo customes use cybercafe • ual establshment wth computes fo customes use teecentre, teecottage .odeng goods by dect compute lnk teesopping • nceased avalablty of nomaton due to com nformaon putes revoution  legal contols ove use of electonc data data protection • peson usng codes to access a compute netwok cyperpunk .peson ganng llct access to secet compute data acker • seual pleasue obtaned va compue technology cybersex • hamove n compute chess py .ablty to use computes computer teracy • fea of computes cyberpobia • nstucto book fo a compute use manua • techncal assstance to a compute use: sup port, tecnica support • notonal envonment fo compute commun caton cyberspace • computegeneated model of futue events simuation • computegeneated theedmensonal envonment vr.cton set n a tua reaty computedomnated socety cyberpunk • contol fo computezed vdeo games consoe, joypad, joystck, gt gun • denotng a computezed game playable ove the Intemutiuser • compute net applcaton allng the combnaton of anmated and lveacton elements n a lm rotoscope • human thought mechansms o pocesses when compaed wth those of a compute etare • denotng logcal systems eectng the neactness of human thought: fuzzy � see s com-

puter disk, computer grapics, computer rdare, computer keyboard, computer memory, computer system, computer indo, eectronc data, fe, pogram, virtua realty, ord pocessor .gd non computer sk emovable dsk ard dsk, ard drive

• emovable

leble dsk foppy, foppy disk • loppy dsk dve usng a lase foptica • denotng a dsk of double stoage capacty double dens ity • concentc ccle on a dsk track • subdvson of a tack on a magnetc dsk secto • devce ac cessng a dsk dis k d rive . compute devce able to swtch between dsks: canger .dsk stoage devce allow ng data access fom any of them jukebox .potect the contents of a dsk om ovewtng o easue

rteprotect compuer graphcs . small onsceen gaphc gyp • gaphc sevng as a menu tem con • contol system usng wndows cons etc grapca user nteace • sceen gaphc of a bo posng uestons to the use daog box, diaogue box . compute dawng devce: grapics tabet • gadual change of an mage by computezed technques: morping . edymade atwok n sowae packages cip art • denotng systems ceatng theedmensonal dsplays: immersive

compuer

harware

• suface

aea taken up by a pece of hadwae footpri nt • hadwae standad dete mnng wha sowae t can un patform • denotng hadwae that can be opeated ndependently standaone . numbe of hadwae unts sold as a package bunde . hadcopy descbng the uses and desgn of hadwae documentation • devce o pogam connectng two tems of hadwae inteace • povde a use nteface fo sowae encapsute • hadwae manufactues afesales advce sevce: tecnica support • sudden hadwae falue cras

compuer keyoar

• compute

key gvng quck access to a functon ot key • compute key alteng he functon of anothe contro key, s

computer y I  swa

key

 omuter key used to arrest  oeration escape key  omuter

key assigned a funtion by te urrent rogram: functon key  omuter key used to exeute a ommand: enter key  omuter key used o start a new ine of text: carriage return  omuter key that alternately initi ates and arrests a funtion: toggle,

togge key, toggle switch ter er

 omuters

temorary memory area buffer, clp board  omuters auxiliary mem ory: cache  fast temorary memory scratc pad .fast memory for materal in urrent use: working memory  memory used for storage of intem resuts: working storage  memory retaining data without ee triity: flash memory  denoting memory that an only be written one readonly  denotng memory that is leared with loss of ower: olatie  denoting a memory able to retain data desite ower uts: nonolatie .memory faility giving diret aess to eah loation random access  memory aity aowing aess only in a ertain order sequential access . memory setion partton  art of a omuter memory where rograms must be loaded: conentional memory  seurity oy of memory ontents: dump  memory store not art of the main roessor: external memory  bin ary number identifying a memory lo ation address .ruit board giv ing extra memory: expanson board, epansion card  board ontaning extra memory his: memory board  key data into a omters memory: cpture, ene, input  enter data into nonvolatile memory: sae .destroy data in a omuters memory deet, erase  transfer a rogram or data to memory: load, wrie  ermanent soware rogramme into the readonly memory frmware

78

 denoting soware not ke erman

ently in the memory nonresident ter netrk  netwok o erating within a buiding et: ocal area nework  netork of indeendent muters distributed sysem  network servig distant omuters wide area network  international omuter network: Internet . eletroni network for raid transfer of digital information superhghway, information superhighway omuter rovding network serves host . network omuter or rogram managing aess to a entral resoure sever  workstation networked to a server client  user ont on a network: terminal .onnet severa devies in series: daisycain  devie onneting two net works gateway  denoting a devie aessible wthout the network loca  denoting a devie aessible only via the network remote  network rotool allowing a user on one omuter to log in to anoter omuter on the same network  te net  soket on neting devies to a network por ter sare  soware available free of harge freeware, sareware  soware made available over a network or television system: telesoware  soware rogrammed using artial inteigene teh niques exper system  soware al lowing extensve rossreferening hypertext  soware suorting basi omuter funtons: operaing system  soware for oetive use groupware . sowae devsed to meet a artular users needs: appication  ermanent readonly so ware: frmware .formatting soware filter  ontainer for loading omuter soware: carridge  denoting soware not ket ermanety in the memory: nonresident  de noting soware abe to exhange data witout onvesion: nteroperable

 oto

79

mt sstm

 abe t use specie sware withut mdicati compate  series f cded sware structis agoithm, program, routne eec tric device eabg the use f pr tected sware donge prvide a user iterface fr sware ecau e trasfe sware frm e system t ather pot  readymade arwrk i sware packages cp art  sare maucturers aftersaes advice servic technca support  sude sware faiure crah

taeousy superscaar gai acess t a cmputer system og n, g n  strig givig user acces t a sysm r part f it passord  mas by which user a system iterct user nteace  scree warig f system maucti erro mag

0

om

 cmputer

tm

system mdeed  the huma brai neur net neua neto  thery ad devepmet f cmputer systems abe  thk ike humas artficia n deti systems emtegence pyig aici itelligece expert, fhgenn  gic empyed by such systems fuzzy ogc  ctr system ui widws ics etc graphc user nteace  part f a cmputer system prveg u authrized access firea  det ig a system simutaeusy usabe by severa pepe mtuser  system mutuse tmsharing  detig systems abe t exchage data wihut cversi neoperae  etig a system makig iput data immediatey avalabe as feedback rea tme prcessg data as  detig it is geerate reatme detig systems creatig threediesa dispays mmersve arrage ad adjust the eemets f a cmputer sys tem congure cpy data fm e cmputer system t ather don trasfer data t a arger cmoad puter sysem upoad reexpress data fr use with a differet system conert  cputers abiity t itercect systems connectvty gica rgaizati f  cmputer sys tem archtecture  detig a archtecture awig severa istructis t be aded ad executed simu



0

0

0

0

0

0

0-

0

ot wow  ubsecti f a widw pane  simutaeu use f severa widws ndong  re duce  widw t a c cny  rrage widws s tha ey  t veap te  bar at the  f a wi dw ivig ifrmati  he dcumet edited r the prgra ruig

statu a on  ack f cr at ndfference  shwi  ce noucant, noncaant ot 0 ccert fr a usead audiece romenade concet ccert give by e  a few aers re cta olo  ccusi rived by lgic deducton, nferenc 0 cclus iferred frm a imited mb f istaces genrazon ustated ccusi mpcaton ccusi wrgy iferred nn sequ

0

tur ot

 ccree

reirced

with stee ferrococrete, renocd detig ccrete concrete stregtheed by rds iseted uder tesi prestressed  rge at piece f ccrete sa  ccrete ayer uder a buidi oversite af  pakig supprtig settig c cete shtterng

0

omt hder cruet

0

0 tabe

cdmet mixture f i vi

egar ad herbs dreng

oo

 cb s acy (eg nacy) hood (eg fasehod) ne (eg siiness) o (eg ne sis) osty (eg pomposit) tude i its rigial cdi (eg solitde) i pristne aree cs

0

0

    ta

80

ems  senial condiion r s  adjeive consensua .permision sort of consen toer qute, sne qua non g  conditioning o f c  ton •

tie by posure o he weather s  eviable conse seasonng . raising toerance eves quence: corollary . have o cause as a consequnce ental, entran by rgular eposure esenstzaton   adjecive concal, conc, srt  open aea round a conod  cone inerseced by a plae own, wih eveopmen resricion: con secton  mahematics of green bel .othe area so reted Envronmently enstve Area conic ecions concs r  academc conrence:  isd bdgs eve of imporance collm, symosum .eresen grade s  e of consonan pro at sent to a conrence elegate duced by a sudden release of air lo   connement to ones home house arrest .cnne sve  type o consnan produced by me i a distan par of one's cou breath frction: frcatve  te of r: nernal exle  connemen of cononan produced by brief conact y alins during wartime ntern beween palate ad ogue ip fl  e of consoa produced by con nt tact or proimiy beween palate and r  conrm fomally: vouch ongue blade alatal  e of con  orm a satement: corroborte sonan produced by conac beeen r  deermed refusal to ongue ip and the paaal ridge o onorm: erversty  person no upper fron eeh ental  te of to conrm roout, ec consonan produced by fu or paria centrc lip cosure labal f  confused sate of the eld s  parta suspension erly enle emena  confused of he consiution: state of emer mas eler  surprse and confuse gency dsconcert, nonlus  in headlong sl  consuls oce or sta: con cnuson ellmell sulate  hos government's ocial   adjecive conunctve, recognition of consular saf: exequa onnectve  temporary electrical r tur ephne conection atch s  pportuniy pro ssr  connoisseur of food vided by   awye etc for nfor an dink gourme, gasronome ma consulation: surgery  connoisseur of picures and an s .consume sparingly: ee tques vrtuoo out  pomotion o consumer inter qrr  Spanish conqero of ests consumersm Souh erica conqustao  .forcible contc mact   adjecive conscen  spead by contac contagous tous  person refuing to ght as a r  container for uids: mate of moal pincipe: conscen reservor, cstern  clinrical meal tous bector container canste  sealed con ss  empoa loss of con taine holing a measured amoun of sciousss blacout  beo the medcine etc amoule  container ev f onsciousness sublmnal fo audotape cassette, reel  bred containe f animal feed crb  con .gid unconscios state catlesy

cotg I otct

8

,

taine f n  a cmpte p gam: cartrdge . lage lexible cn taine  atetanspt f liqids: dracone • sspended cntaine ith a dischage chte: hopper • cn taine f mlten meta: crucbe . cntaine f blding aste: kp • cntaine f papes: brefcae, fle, portfolo • case f nflded da ings porolo • cntaine f petl  ate: errycan . cntaine f elics: reluary • cntaine f tea caddy . tinlned den cntine f shipping tea: tea chet  pe ated hll metal sphee t ld i fsing tea eaves: tea ba • cntaine f ine  il; am ul, crue  small cntaine f table cndi ments: crue . glass cnaie f ine  spiits decaner • cntane made fm a piece f pape tisted at the ends: t  eathenae pt  a: cock • sealed cntai lled ith bects pesentaive f the c ent time, bied  fte discey tme capule  battepf c taine fght cae • pefaed cn taine f eesmelling sstances: pomande  see l bat, lug

p

gage ctaiing

. cii f ·er (e.g aquife), feru (eg aufeou) ou (eg aneous) cotaiate . cntaminae fd  din aueate, doctor .cn taminatin f the envinment polu



ton cntext  t f cntext: n vauo cotit  lage cntinen  f the upercontnent gegical past

e sppsed

iginal single cntinent angaea • sbseqent land ass in te sthen hemisphee: Godana . sbseqent land mass in the nth· en hemisphee: auraa .cntin ent nd the Sth Ple: Antarctca  cntinen nd the Nth Ple: Arc tc • cntinent lying east f pe Aa  cntinent nnng east fm

the Bitish isles t the Uals urpe • ma sectin f a cntinen: ub contnent • ceatin f cntnents by the aising f the eaths cst: perogeny • gadal mvment f the eaths cntinents: contnen d

• penis sheath: cotraceptio cnom • cntaceptive cve f the cevix cap, daphragm, Dutch cap  nateine cntacepive: col, loop  device f ashg  the vagina: douche  sbstnce il ng spematza: permd  al

cnaceptive cntaining bth e n and pgestgen: combd p • al cntaceptive that ma e tae ae intecse: morner p  cnaceptive methd asd n bdy tempate ymtm method  cntaceptive ehd f aviding inecse he nceptin is mst liely: rhythm met time hen a man is least liey t c ceive: afe perod  see s erl

zaton contac • djectiv ctraca, oracural e cntact d p b deed: coveant • cntact  pei dic  account • appnices cntact: ndentue  bdinate ntact: ubcontact " tct binding in hn nly: gelema agreemet . eaening a n a cntact: loophole . clas in a cn act stipating excepin ag caue • case feeing a paty fm

bligatins nde stated cditins ecape claue  clase lling f pice inceases elatr aue  dcment ecding a cnact deed, memorandum  etae text f a cntact: mal pt  hing given  de in etn f anthes cntacted act conderto el tial sm paid t vaidate a cntact: depot • secity f the cmpletin f a cntact: pedge • changed ci cmstances maing pefmance im pssible: force maeure • payment at

   dit I cookery early ermnation of conrat: seve ance pay  performance of a con tracual obligation ordered by a cout: specific peormance . enter into a contract engage . reeae fom O ractual obigation: discharge  peron ecuring and negoiating contract or a performer or creatie artit: agent

ntrtn

 apparent contra-

dicion ued for hetoical eect oxymoron  econtradictory n consstent  expreion acknowledg i tat one i contradicting the per o pecied: pace

nrt

 contra of light and ad hiaroscuo  volume con

trat i a muica piece

ntrl

dynamics

 control from a diance

emte control

. controing inuence tiing nitiative dead and  tate economic and ocial control: dirgisme  control o former de penci by economic or political peure neocolonialism  contro panel osole, ascia  lo o contro o e bodily movement ataxa .  of contro of one' bodily fnctio: icontinence  abence o n cotro: anarchy  noiy and hard to conro obstreperous  eay to cono bddable, pliable tractable  tke cntro o commandeer  bing under contro: subdue, subugate  enter and take conrol o: occuy  ree rom cono: deregulate  remove rom a poition o cotro

 ee al power nvent  djective conventual

override

 e lso monastery

nn

 ero hrd o conce: scetc  ey convnced:

ceulous gullble

k  eior coo chef  aitan cook comms  ce tal wite hat toque  eoi  cla cook:

cordo bu

co oked

ighly cooked (of pata O, vegeabes): al d en te  very igy! •

cooked (of meat): sagnant .lighy cooked (of meat): rare . cooked gen; ty in thei on juice (of egeabe)  sweated  fried and ten tewed: ! braised  cooked by dipping into a� hot o or auce onde  mmere  in or over a itte iquid poached  party cooked by bong  parboled and ten ied saute 1

er culinary :  adjecve  type o cookery cuisine  high

haute cUsn uaity cooking   of cooker emphaizng preentation and reh ingredient nuvelle cuisine  cookery a a cho ubject:

od technology, home economics, domestic science  deice ith 

ma burner for keepng dihe hot at the table: chafing dsh  heated food troley hostess trly  contituent of a dih: ingreent  device extrac ing juce uicer . liuidzng and choppng deice blender, ood pro cessor  eice for whipping iuid wisk  waxed paper for cookery greaseproo paper  denotig cook wae uab in the on or on the hob flamepro  ename cookng pot with id and hane billy, billycan  m metal cooking pot skillet  large metal cookg po t: cauldron  large metal cookng pot or e ue dixie . large covered cookng po: casserole  mal pot for cookng and erving food: coctte, ramekin  aucepn cookng ood n an upper compartment by mean o hot waer held in a ower compent: bin

marie, double boiler, double sauce pan  igh aucepan for fat coo ng: pressure cooker  broadbladed ervng uen: slice  bl wooden blde spatula  handheld cruhing implemen: pestle  trong dh for  mortar .large cooking tove rnge  cclar on cooking plae: griddle  pke or cookg piece o

cpet I cpse

83 foo skeer spit • gi fme of el s gridiron . cookig  lice wih  oig si otisserie • heig e o he  o of  cooke ob otpate • iy cook y oling parboi • cook  js elow oilig oi simme, poa, codde  eoig  gele he fo cookig so . eog  sog he fo cookig: fast • immese ve eles iey i oilig we banc  fy lighly  he sew braise • o ice ove cookig me baste .liqi emiig e cookig iuor

• osiiv cooecooperato io synergy • ssive cooeio • cove cooeio connivance cousion • i close cooeio oncrted in onert coper . cbi i rs cac, cupr  djecives cupric, cuprous • geeish sfce colo of oxize coe verdgris • ehisoic e i which coe  soe ools wee se cacoitic copy • exc coy dupicate facsimie, diplomatic copy • exc ge eic coy clone • coy sse off s he oigil forgery • coy ke o e li ove ise esi rubbing . coy me y wig o  she iece of c ec steni • coyig he wok of ohe  climig i s oes ow pagiarism, pi racy  coyig of  ivl oc e eile exmio reverse nginrng . ex soke fo coy ig ow dictation • oigil fom which coies my e me master • isse o  se me of coies imited edition • i hee ieicl coies in trpicate • i fo iei cl coies: in uadrupicate .coy ig mchie sig secls  i ink dupiator .coyig ocess sig y owe xerogapy • colo coyig ocess sig izoim: diazo, dyeine

c  py ght • ifigeme of coy gh piracy . o of coyigh n te pubi c domain cral • ige of col i he se reef • cicl col eef o go of is ls ato cr .co holig  whisle ec lanyard . co o  Sco's eck echief ogge crk • sil evice fo excig coks corkscre cr • h mil fo giig co uern • e co fom he es tes crea • cbii r kerato• immio of he coe keratits • coel sgey keratopast (eg crpse . cbiir necplis teay cty f te ea • emlme cose we in ges: mummy • cose se fo meicl esech cadaver • cose evive y wichcf: zombie .e nime cose sose o ik loo fom livig esos vampie • coselike: adaverous • issec io of  cose o eslish he cse of eh posmortem autopsy necropsy • esevio of  cose y ijecng chemicls embammnt • eefeezig of coses cryonics • wig o  cose sroud, • coie fo  indingseet cose coffin . wch ke ove  cose efoe isosl ake  lce fo soig coses motuary morgue • escio of  cose y e cremation . e o nig  cose pyre • il of  cose nterment • oig of  cose decomposition • fe of coses necopo• sexl iecose wih ba • ig   coses necropiia cose exume • c   ce fo iel sy dissect .eoing  cose h hs o

incorrupt

84

c o  t  w rrt  combining form: ortho  onvenonally oe orthodox  oetable: corrigible rt  lght elas ose founda

ttn  oon seed apsule  oonsepaatng mahne

boll gin

� see lso fabric gh  aective tussive  e peaed oughng nespesed wh tion garmet girdle rollon t  osmei impoving aspng gasps whoopig cough faal sn: face mask ace pack  oughedup mxue of salva and muus sputum  medine fo  osmet maing the sin m and smooh toner  osme emoving oughs: expectorant  adjective cociliar dead sin ells exfoliat  osme nl used fo outlnes: liner  eyelash os  ounil of adinals: cosistory mei mascara  osme gving a nt  populaion oun cesus wam olou to he hees: blusher  ouning devie wih beads on  ed osme: rouge  hin s of wies: abacus osmei pencil  eshoned si o ntrnt  adjective contra ve blemishes conceaer  os. ounepon sung above a mec applied by a oang ball roll putal on  ne bush fo applying os- melody descant meis wad  small ase ontaning ntr  adjecives rural rustic pastoral bucolic  peson oming o osmeis and a mio compact vaniy case  osmet eatmen of lve in a foegn ouny immigrant he hands: manicure  osmei  peson leaving his o he ony eamen of he fee: peicure emigrant  peson leaving hs o he greasepaint ouny to esape wa, peseuon,  atos maeup et: refugee  peson living ouside  esing of osmeis on abbs: hs naive ouny expatriate  un Draie testing al loyaly o one's ouny: lg  heoy ha he unchauvinism vese began wih an exploson of dense mae: big bang theory  he- nt  admnsaive apial of a ouny: county tow  soveegn's oy ha he unvese has always mainained an aveage densiy: epesenaive in a ounty: ord Lieu steady state theory � see also cre teant  hef exeuve of the Cown in a ounty sherriff ation Ck  Cossa ommande: rt rtl  baise advising hetman  squating Cossa dane: his judge advocate  ofial on tolling amy and RF ous matal kazachoc t  osts of maeials and manu-

Judge Advocate General

fatue, exluding oveheads rime rtr  ouoom setion fo cost  ost of poduing one fuhe judges o magstaes bech  se em marginal cost  geneal un ion fo the juy o a witness: box ning osts overhes  involving  setion fo he aused: dock  aea aeptable osts ecoomc ecoom fo the lawyes and ou oials cal  denoting an asset o ativty well � see also lawcourt that eans ba its oina os self   male ow bull  asated liqutng  pay pa of the ost ull: bullock ox (pl o) teer subsiie  pogessive witeoff of  young ow calf  young female an asses puhase pe: mortia ow hee  ow's mammay gland ton er  os atly digested food

cowce  ccket

85

cud

• ne archment mae frm ca-

skn veum � see  catte cwarce  symbl f cwarice

hte feather cwy • Sth American cwby leather  cwby's gaucho chaps vertrsers chaparajos  cwbys' ehibitin f skis rodeo  cwby lm r stry estern cra  male crab cock • female crab hn  astrlicl ter cancer crack • fll f ne cracks: crazed

smal cracks n an l inin's srface craqueure cratsma • barrelmaker cooper  craftsman in brass brazer  skle fnitre maker cabnetmaker • crasman in l god esn shein hrses smth backsmth farrer • ersn rkin irn by han backsmth • mene f shes cobber • crasman in slver sversmth  skille carver an ble in stne mason stonemason  maker f strine instrments uther utst  wwrker makin stairs rs etc joner crae  crane with a mvable ivte arm derrck  crane mvin n ri traeng crane  crnes rjectn arm jb . mvabe beam sin a crane gantry cream  thin cream with little milk fat sng e cream  thck cream with mch mik fat dobe cream • thick crem btine by hetin milk cotted cream  be cream with ae yhrt crme rache  cream f liiize frit r veet ables pure creato . cb  fr geny (eg oroeny)  creatin f matter thrht time contnuous creaton �see ls cosmoogy cret • estimate f a ersns credt ratng creitwrthiness  sitve infrmatin n a rsn's

creitwrthiness: hte nformaon • cmany assemblin ata fr creit ratins credt agency credt refer-

ence agency crescet crcket

• crescentshae

unate

wen crssiece cn nectin a ir f stms bal stick srtin the bails stump  set f bails an stms cket • itch between the tw wickets cket .line were the batsmen stans crease poppng crease • lines between which th ba mst be elivere return crases  sell at battin nnngs . lenthy innins by a air f batsmen sand  batsman's virs strke drve  batsmans strke senin the ball t the sie pu  batsman's strke sihtly eectin the ball snck • lancin strke ivin the bal sin sce  hit ainin ne rn: snge  batsmans innins scre f zer duck  batsman sent in at the en f a ay's lay ngtatch man seqence f si ball bwle frm ne en f the itch over .revlvin mtin imarte t the ball spn • bwle bas strikin the rn ptch • istance frm the batsman a which he ball itches ength  entin a ball itchin t cse t the batsman: overptched  entin  bal itchin clse t the bwler short  sieways eviatin f a bwle ba sng • batsman's b strctin f the ball eg before cket  sie f the el behin the batsman eg sde  sie f the el facin the batsman off sde  el frthest frm the batsman outed  entin a elin sitin there deep  entin a elin sitin site the stms square  area rn the wicket nfed  eler lace immeiately behin the wicket f the batsman receivin the bwlin: cketkeeper • entin elin sitins near the batsman short  entin elin sitins very

86

ik  ra nr th btsmn slly  lding postons bhind th btsmn sls  scoring nit ru  rn wrdd for  bll not strck bye, exra  rn wrdd for  bll striking th bts mn leg bye  rn wrdd for  b bowld ot of th btsmn's rch wde  or in whch no rns r scord made over  bll rchng th btsmn wthot toching th ground full oss, full ch  bll pitching immditly ndr th bt yorer  b illg dlrd oball  bowlr's styl of cton devery  trophy comptd for nn lly by Englnd nd Astrli he shes  mtch tht s prt of  sris btwn two ntionl tms es mach, es .lrg whit scrn plcd bhind th bowlr sigh scree  nttd strp of grond for prctc e  cricktrs gntl shild box .nd  tm's innings dsmss  tm's scond nnings plyd immditly ftr its rst followo nnounc n y clos to n innngs decare  nd of  dy's ply close  dnoting  gm btwn mjor conty sds frs class  dnoting  conty not n old in ths gms mor rket' .shrill sond md by  crickt's rubbng is lgs togthr

sridulao

efarous . mnor jn crim delquecy  crm tribl by  mgistrt summry offece  profssonl ngli nc or dishonsty malracce  djcti

re

 crim motitd by sxul jlousy

crme

assioe

(pl

crimes

.dnoting  crim pun shbl by dth caal .fcts nd circumstncs constituting  crim corus delc  inolmnt in crm comcy .dlibrt hin drnc of th polic obsruco  polc rnctmnt of  crim recosrucio  stblish complicity asson nes)

mlcae

 brib somon to commit n nlwfl ct subor  prson or

orgnztion cting s  cor for  lg actitis fro  prson who ncorgs othrs to commit crims in ordr to dnonc thm age ro

vocaeur

(pl

gets

rovocateurs)

 indcmnt o commt  cim

offrd by n gnt prooctur erame  ncriminting tm ddd to somon's blongings la  in tnton o comt  crim malce aforehough, mes rea  chrg somon with  srious cm dc  prson rsponsbl for  crim cul r  dfnc showing on ws ls whr whn th crim ws commit td albi  fcts jstyng or xcsing  crim exeuaio  po lc coordnton oc for instig tion of  mjor crim cide room  housholdrs ignc to dscor g crim ehbourhood wach .study of crim crmology .cl wrongdong othr thn brch of con trct or  sr rspons to n dsirbl ctiity cracdow rna  criminl bnth th g of lgl rsponsibilty juveile delque .crimnl gd 7 youg offeder  criminl gd 20: youg adul offeder  ioln crim inl hug  iolnt troblmkr hoodlum, hooga  criminl who btrys othr criminls to th polic grass, iformer  conictd crmin who roffnds recdvs  grop of criminls famy gag, rg .trdr n stoln goods ce  criminls pprntly innocnt ctits cover, fro  criminl's dmission of gt cofesso  crminls idnc gnst his ccomplcs Quees (or Kg's) evdece  criminl's ssist nt accomlce .prson sssting  criminl in plnning or committng  crim accessory before he fac  pson ssistng  criminal ftr th crim hs bn cottd accessory

ctcs I cuel

8 . .    .  . .  .     .             .    .          .  .  . .  . .  . . . .  . . . .

 . . . . . . .   . . . . .   .         .  .         . .      .   .  . .  .    . . . .     .          . . . . .    . . .  . .   .

ae te fact • crmna ac: actus reus  crimina inen: mens ea • n he crimina ac n agrante de cto crimina cerain: cou son, connvance, conspracy • be ra a crmina  he auhriies denounce • make smene aear  be a crimina ncrmnate • gru assembe fr ienicain f a sus ec: dentty paade • science use in crimina inesigains forenscs • cenre husing ung ffeners: communty ome eecrnic mni ring f cnice criminas: elec tronc tag gn g icure f a wane crimina cmse f snar ee ens: dentkt • unai scia wrk require f a cnice ener com munty servce  scienc su f crminas crmnoogy  see ls

execution pun sment

ccsm

 csiere

criica as sessmen evaluaton  ubishe criica assessmen reve ierar anasis regaring a ex as haing n xe meaning: deconstructon post structrasm  humrs criicism f ubic mres satre • wihering criica scatng • criicize seere lambaste pan, rebuke  criicize wih he bene f hinsigh: econd guess • ersn r insiuin he  be abe criicism sacred co

crp crop

• cr grwn fr sae cas  cr grwn  rec r en he si: cover crop • cr

rch grwn  arac ess frm anher cr trap crop • cr grwn beween main crs catc cro  cr grwn in he saces beween anher cr: ntercop • cr grwn fr sae: cas crop • ening an unharese cr standng • cuiain f a sin ge cr hrughu a aricuar area: monocutue • successie cia in f ifferen crs: crop otaton • area f grwng crs aene  frm a aern crop crce • sra r

wer a cr dress  aeria w ering f crs: cop dustng sub sance ae  he si  imre cring: ertle • science f c rucin agronomy

crque

• crque

sick amme • sma mea arch oop • winning s peg • srike anher aers ba wih nes wn roquet  srke riing w uching bas in eren irecins spt st  sen anher aer's ba hrugh a h: pee • ba ha has asse a he h rove • wn he game b hiing he eg: peg out

crss

 cbii fr cuc • crss wih a  a he  ank • crss bearing a gure f Chris cru cx crss wih equa arms Gek cross • crss wih he wes arm nger: Latn cross • Lan crss wih he arms in a circe Cetc coss  Greek crss wih each arm cn inue a a righ ange ylfot sas tka Xshae crss St Andres cross • Tshae crss: St Antony' cross, tau cross  crssshae cru corm  ersn carring a rces sina crss crucer

crssw • arrw fr a crssbw bolt crsw puzzle • bank sace  be e wih a eer gt • hin f he wr require: cue crw • djective corvne crwd • isrer crw meee mob, rabble  crwcnr eice eecing a werfu e f waer: ate cannon  irrian gases use in crw cnr tear gas, CS gas crwn • djective corona nbe mns crwn: coronet • es crwn taa ewee heaban: d adem, tara • wann crue U cruel • aking easure in crue sadstc

 um c                                                                                                            

       

r  highpiched complaining cry: whine  so complaining cry whimper  cry made on discovery eureka rtal  crysal tha is he mirror

enantiomorph Cban dance: haa-

mage of anoher

Cba

nera

 slow

ber  sma pickling cucum ber:

gherkin

ltre  person having no culura ineress: phiistine  highly ineli

gen and culured: sophisticate  derived from, or knowng abou, man culurs: cosmopoitan . cul ure a odds wih established norms: countercuture, sucuture .sudy of Wesern culure: humaniies  sudy of deren culures ethnoogy  sudy of human culure anthropoogy  sudy of ancie cul ures archaeoogy . amalgamaon of deren culures syncretism  culur coeisence puraism  acuisiion of a culure: incuturaion . culura ambience evoked by he decor ec of a resaur an, pub, or amusemen park: theme

  smal coee cup: emitasse  age wohadled cup passed round a feass: oving cup  eucharisic cup: chaice  cup used r reseva

88

                         

rre

 currencies of oher counries: oreign exchange  vaue

of curency as saed upon i ace vaue, nomina vaue . value of a currenc in erms of he goods it can buy purchasing power  former sys em dening a currencys value in erms of gold: go sanar  nom inal pary of one currency wih an oher exchange rate  vaue of one currency in erms of anohe: vaua  denoig a currency wih freey changing value oaing  denoing currency wih a sable vaue har . aler a currency's inernaiona vaue: revaue, evaue  pounds vaue for European Union agriculure purchases green poun

rret . a or waer curren be hind a propeler or je engine sipstream  subsurface curren running conrary o he surface curren:

unercurrent, uerow

rr

 mid curry marinaded in yoghur: korma  ho spicy curry:

maras . very ho spicy curry vinaoo  died sh seved wih cur ries: Bomay uck rta  border conceaing cuain ings: pe met  curain hung in a

swag re  adjetie snuous  cuve ion of he Sacramen ciorium formed by a rope suspended a boh  cup used by Chris a he Las Sup ends: catenary  par of a curve arc per: oy Grai, sangrai  curvg iwards: concave  curv bar  cupboard o hang ng ouwards: onvex clohes : waroe  heaed cup h  church kneeling cushion: board for dring clohes: iring cuphssoc neeer  cuhion  be oar . lockable cupboard: ocer placed a random: scaer cushion  srng locked cupboard for valu  subsace for sung cushions ables safe kapo C  Grk name Eros tar .cusard of egg, sugar, re  adjecties sanatve, thera mlk, and our: crme ptissire peutic  cre pssire wih ground a rlg  mark amed a tee  ses onds: frangipane sion of play in oe dreco end t . esablshed cusom insti capain of a curlng eam skip tuton, usage  radonal customs drooping curve

39

custe I Cpus

of a community folkloe fobidden by socia custom taboo

sme 0 egula custome paton made o a customes specic tons bespoke, custombult

0 customs pemit f im ot of a moto vehice canet 0 cus

cusms

toms chage on impoted goods duty customs ceticate fo duy paid customs fom pemitting docket export of goods o emova fom a bonded waehoue sppng bll  oute though custms fo those with nohng to decae geen can oute though customs fo nel those with items to decae ed cangoup of states aowig fee nel tade between themseves customs unon evasion of cutoms contos

0

0 0

0

smugglng

cu

 cbii frs fr suricl ters tome (eg canotome) tomy (eg lobotomy)  make suface cuts cut deepy laceate cut sca up fo study dssect cut with a sweeping stoke slas pat by cut ing seve cut off ends o edes cop, pae pune, tm  cut into zg zag edge pnk  vey hot cuttng ame temc ance �see s su-

0

0

0 0

0

gcal cuttng culey 0 box fo a set of cutey canteen cylnde 0 cyinde on which thead etc is wound eel, spool  hoow meta cyinde suppoting a bidge

pontoon Cyus  djective Cypot poit ical union of Cypus wth eece

enoss

Dd gge  mal lim dagger poiard  hort tapering dagger stletto  dagger' handle: lt  .ow dam in a river: weir  ad

jutable dam: barrae ge  deliberate damage: sabo tage, vdalism  damage everely: magle . damage beyond the poi biity of repair: wrte off   cold and damp dak  ground moiture aborbd into a all: rsg damp ne  art dancing that ignore the rule o claical ballet moder dace  ailor' dance: orpipe  tradiional Englih dance coty dace .traditional Englih ou door dance morris dae .after noon dance at which tea i erved: tea dace  energetic tret dance: beakdace . lively dance in triple time: ji  low 8thcentury dance met  interweaving country dance: ay  country dance for four couple sqare dace  olo dance pas sel  dance for two people pas de dex .dance with voluntary e change of partner: excseme  dance perrmed in a long line, one behnd the other coa _ erotic dan cing to popular muic oo daci  Middle Eatern woman erotic oo dance: bely ace  ynchronized balroom dancng seqece daci  balroom dance with low and quick tep: fotro  balroom dance with partner idebyde: veta  bal room dance with pronounced hip movement: rmba  balroom dance in triple ime: waltz  at fotro: qickstep  fat Bohemian dance: polka  lively Brazilan dance:

samba  quatting Coack ance: kazacoc  Country and Wetern dancing performed in a row: le da c  low Cuban dance: abaera  French highkicking dance: caca

 Greek folk dance performed in a line: syrtak  waying Hawaiian

dance: la la .fat Hungarian dance csardas  dramaic dance of outhern ndia: Katakali  Itaian whirling dance: taratella  Italian nd Spaih leaping dnce salarello . lively Polih dance: mazrka  vig orou Scottih dance Hlad flg  at Scottih dance reel  low Scottih dance stratspey  South American dance muic with element of jazz and rock: salsa .fat South American danc: paso dobe . livey South American dance tago bolero  lively Spnih dance:  Spanih olo dance cacca  Spanih courthip dance: fada o  Spanih dance with catanet: flameco  Wet nda backward bending dance: imbo  dance about ecitedly: cavort  erie of tep for a dance: choreograpy, fge  n formal gathering for country dancing: bar dace  peron who announce the tep in a barn dance: caller  group of dancer perorming to gether esemble .number o parti cipant needed for a quare or coun try dance set  public dance hall: alais, palais de dase  see ao

ballet

ne  dancer' tight maillot  tubular garment covering a rehear ing dancer leg: le warmers  dan

cer leap or ittng poture wih one leg orward and one back, both at

I

91

De I deth

ight angles to the tunk: splits �see s ballet Da  pat of nglan une Dan sh ule anela  ta leve by the AngloSaons to epe the Danes

anegeld ag

 seiou

ange peil .hien ange pitfall .ange n heen n a ob occupationa hazad  emove fo a angeous place evacua . peson so move: evac

uee Dat  djectives antean, antesque a  shning in the ak luminous

 night that s neve completely ak

hite night ats .tal of a at fligh .ht on a pat of he ba whee scoes ae ouble double  goup of games counting as a uni towas a match set . line behn which the thowe sans hockey oche ata  enotng ata gathee ove a long time: longitudinal  gi fo ata isplay matix � see ls elec-

tonc data at  gve a late ate to potdate . laest ssible ae teminus ante quem  ealiest possble ate teminus a quo teminus post quem  out of ate obsolete, pass  gong out of ate obsolescent  wth no ate set sine die at2 .ate with a peson one has not met befoe blind date atg  atng of tmbe stuctues fom he tee ings they contain dedochonology  atng of geologcal eas chonstatigaphy geochonology  aing of obects fom cabon14 ecay cabon dating, adiocabon dating .atng system eve fom the bith of hist Chistian Ea, Common Ea  ms taken ing paachonism aught  djective filial

awn  djective auoal ay  djective diunal  ay befoe ve  ay in which hous of aylght an akness ae equal equinox . longest o shotest ay solstice  mpotant ay edlette day  st ay of the Roman month calends  each ay pe diem  peio of moning twilight dan  pa t o f the ay given ove o wok oking day

 pat of the ay when many ae com mutn dive time  peio of even

ing wiight dusk . happening n a aly cyce cicadian . pocess by hich the equinoes occu slghtly eale each yea: pecession

aylght

 ight to enoy aylght in

one's winows unobstucte by sub sequen buiing ancien li gts

ao

 djective

diaconal .of ce of eacon diaconate  eacon's ovevestment dalmatic a  . ealock i agument o iscusson impasse stalemate  oa with no ei t at its fa en cul desac a  pogessve eafness ue to bone gowth in he ea otoscleosis

 sugical opening mae in the inne

ea to elieve eafness fenestation  teaching the e af to commucate by lpang an speech: oalism

a  eale n shps supples chandle  eale in canles: candle  eale in cheap an shoy goo cheapjack a  djective decanal  ean's esence deaey cbii fr moi, ath nec, thanasia  eath vewe as a statstical Ocuence fatality motali  numbe of eaths cause b an event toll .causng eath fatal lethal, motal temina  connecte with eath macabe  boun to ie motal  ie befoe anothe oes e Chstan ceemones decease

death I e

92

over a dying person: last rtes  gurg-  ratio of deths to living population: ing of dying person: death ratte death ate  nuber of deaths from a paicuar cause mortaly rate  struggling of a dying person throes .  equivalence of birth and death  at the point of death: morbud,  extrems  denoting a condition that zero populato growth  after� wil end in death termal  revive deth: posthumous .oveent of the soul to a different body afte soeone apparenty dead resusctate death: trasmgrato . the the use of  eperience at the brink of death: neardeath experece  ghosty agic to sumon up the dead: ecro \. iage of a person seen near their tie macy  supposed comuniction of death: wrath  death inlicted to with the dead by ediums: sprtual sm  eeting of persons wshing to end incurable suffering euthaasa se  contact the dead by spiritualis: se  deathblow coup de grc l cos de grace) . uneplained uneplained death ace  person returning fro the � of a sleeping baby: cot death sudde dead reveat  psychologicl urge deathh stc stctt  iat death sydrome  death of to selfdestruction deat .life after death: afterlfe, he other body tissue: gagree mortfcato, necross  stiffness of joints aer world  rebirth of the soul in a new death rgor morts  decaying esh body: recarato  neverdying: of a dead anial caro  cessation mmortal  all dead extct  study of vital functions as proof of death of death and dying: thaatology clcl death  bell rung at death  Christian day for general coeof the dead: All ouls Day kell  date of death obt  plaster oration  see aso fuera cast of a dead persons face: death mask  newspaper nnounceent of eat .advantage in debate gh a persons death: obtuary  govern groud .subject to debate: moot ment ofce where deaths are re-  question on procedue: pot of corded regster offce  insurance order .debaters acknowledgeent su payable at death: reerso of an opponents point: touch .o total oney and property owned by tion to end a debate: closure a dead person: estate  edical ebt  debt not legay recoverable: eaination to nd the cause of a perdebt of hoour  debt overdue for resons death: postmortem  special- payent arrears .debt repayable st conducting this eaination: eaination: path soon: foatg oat g debt  debt with a dis ologst • ocial stateent of cause tant or no repayent date: fuded date and place of death: eath certf debt  money owed by a compny cate o ofcia ofcia investigatng investigatng the cause caus e accout payable lablty .oney of a persons death: coroer  the in owed to a copany: accouts recev quiry a coroner conducts: quest abe  total owed by a state: atoal  servce for the dead fral re ebt . debt of gratitu gratitue e oblgato qem .laent for the dead: drge  denoting a debt not yet repaid: ot hreody  poe poe  aent aentng ng the dead: sadg  denoting a debt repayable eegy  recently dead deceased on deand ufded .denoting a  show sorrow at a death: mour debt ipossibe to recover: bad  de  reinder of deaths inevitability noting a debt whose recovery is un memeto mor . picture of Death likely dobtf .legal permission eading al to the grave ace of for late repayent: moatorum death dase macabr  person  debtors asset forfeited if repayent overinterested in death: ghou is not acieved pedge, secrty

dec I dect

3

 money



aid to service a debt: inererson who cannot ay ay off off es . (of) a erson his debts: akr earrassed,  solven .faire to reay a debt: de de  demand reayment reayment of a debt: al . demand d  ayment of a debt: lqdaio, redepon sasacio  ayment of a debt by instaments: aorzaio comanys isse of shares to ay ay off off  comanys debts: recapialzao  money raised for grada reayment of a debt sikig nd  frther time graned to reay a debt indlgence, rollover  easing a debtor's osition by modifyng modifyng the reayment demands: demand s: resrcrg  cancelation of a debt: ressio  abandon ttemts to recover a debt: wre o .free of debt: ecered, geared  sere of a debtor's goods: aach

en dsrai dsress eeco, seqesrao  cort order seizng a debtors assets: Mareva icio

 right to hod these nti the debt s aid: lie  seizre of a debtors

money or wages garnishe, a erson a a ache o eargs . erson ointed to disose of the assets of an nsovent erson or bsiness: adnisraor  agree to reease a debtor for a smaer ayment: cood  terminate gas etc sy ntl bs are aid: dsco  ec  otentia n ebtedness throgh bsiness commit ments eposre .otentia indebt edness throgh faling vaes of mortgaged roerty: egaive eqiy . raio raio of cororate deb o share vae: gearing leverage  assess ment of a erson or rms ikeihood of aying is debts cred rag crediworhess  organization making sch assessments: credi re erece agecy  see s loa

ecay

. cbii cbi i  sapr  decay of eeth or bones: caries  decay of a art of the body: oriicao, ecross  decayed organic matter in the soi: hs  ant iv

ng on decayed matter: sarophye  decay sowy throgh negect: ol

der easy deceived: deceived: cred eceive . easy los, gllle  intent to deceive: ala des . deberate deberate deceion for nancia nancia gain ga in rad  instance of de iberate decetion: hoa  decetve behavio alse preeces  dece tive aearance illsio  decetion effected by making a tre staemnt seem ike a decetion: dole l  oy designed to concea ones tre intentions lid

ecisin

 abiity

to make ones own decisions: ree wll  not nay decided ope . denoting denoting a decision sorted by a resent: nanios  right to reect a decision made by others veo  state of indecision: qadary  waverng indecision

vacllaio ecline  mora or ctra decine: decadence ecpse  abe to be decom osed by snlight phoodegradale

 abe to be decomosed by bacteria:

iodegradale ecatin  additiona decoration r  decoration of thin strs of shiny meta foi nsel . decora decoratio tion n of aited straw: cor dolly .hang ing decoration trning in the air: o o  ile . decoration of of a manscrit:  I  I  iao  carved or coored decoration of shes scrisaw

 decoration of wood or eather with a

heated oin pokeork pyrograhy  coth items decorating a room so rishgs .ags and streamers bg . crinky aer for for decor ations cre paper  decortive ghts lliaios  decorative stri of coth hng over a window etc: decorative design of inter inter valace . decorative twining branches etc arabese  denoting meta inaid with god or

94

se I dentist

sver: damascened  geatnous souton used n nteror decoraton: sze  merey decoratve cosmetc eree .decrease n vaue de de  precaton  decrease the appaent mportance of: downplay downate etn .deducto fom wages ordered by a awcourt: garnshment, attachment attachment of eanngs eann gs  denotng a deducton derved from observaton or experence a ostero  denotng a deducton derved from theoretca concepts a ror ee .combg form bath ( bathyscahe) . regon of especay deep sea trench .not deep shallow eer  adjectve cervne  femae deer: doe, hnd .mae deer: buc, hart, stag  young deer fawn .deer's short ta scut . sma taess deer: oe  mae roe: roebuc  sma deer wh a dogke bark muntjac . stag's brach brached ed horns: antles .aner's sharp pont tne .o skn coverng a growng anter: velvet  deer's annua perod of sexua actvty rut  produce offsprng: fawn .deer' track: slot  deer's se hoof: dewclaw  dsembowe a deer gralloch  deer's entras as food: numbles .deer meat venson .eg and on of venson haunch efet  defeat soundy tounce, vnqush .defeat nd drve back: out  admt adm t defeat defeat:: cocede efen  nabty to contro defecaton ncontnee  bedrdden peron's receptace for urne and faece: bedn dfee  defence of oe' conduct aologa  defence defence of a theory aologecs  ucompmsng defece of a potn sad  dfenve moud before a trench aae efesve mound behnd a tench aa

dos

defr

 medca teatment of

bone and sce defortes oho

paedcs . adjustment adjustment of tooth and jaw rreguartes: orthodoncs egre�  bacheor's degree: bacca laurete .degree next above bacheor  certan unverstes: centate  doctor's degree: doctorate .degree

awarded to a canddate who was  at the tme of the examnaton: aegotat  denotng a degree conferred when the graduand s esewhere  n

abset

el

 adjectve

dlatory  deay stonewall noncooperaton:

by  deay by makng engthy speeches:

flbuste

eln

 vsua deuson:

hallu

cnaton .deusons of beng persecuted: paranoa  deusons caused del rum tremens tremens by acohosm: delr

en  na demand, made wth

threats of sanctons ultmatum  when demand s ow: offpea faure to satsfy demand shortfall Deeter  Lat ame Cees eltn .competey destroy a budg raze  structre of a gutted budng shell  fragments of a demoshed budng rubble  heavy beam used to knock down was: bat

terng ram

de  mbg form demono  adjetve demonac demonacal democ  demon attendng a tch faml, famlar sprt  worshp of demons: demonolay  cotro by a demo ossesso  expuson of demos exo sm  study of demo

demoology

dertn  sent statc dem-

ontrato vgl de  dentst who correct the poston of teeth: othodontst  dentt deang wth he structures aron the teeth erodonst .dentt' atant who ceans teeh hy ges  entt ma d bu

d epart I device

95

  . . .  . . . . .            . . . .    .      .        .   .              . . . .          . .  . . . . .  . .  . . . .  . . . . .        .       . . . .           .  .  .  

depa depa r

dpart scrty or igay abscond . dpatur om om h h norma or xpctd aberraion 

depresson

atmosphric dprs sion: cyclone  tidnss and dprssion occurng aftr a via infction chronic aig aig e syndroe  dug alviatng dprssion: anidepressan

deph



combining combini ng form or m bahy  nstumnt masuring th dpth of sas or laks: bahymeer  mannd chambr for dpsa obsrvations bahysphere 

combin ingforms: pro (_g depuy . combiningf poconsul), vice (.g. vice-presdent)

. prson dputzng for for anothr srrogae

descent

. lin of dscnt: blood dscnt li ne, sock  stp i n a n of dscnt  doting generaion dirct dscnt lineal . dotin doting g dscnt dscnt y a para lin colaeral  dnoting t mal in of dscnt parilineal  dnoting th fmal lin of dscnt mariineal  prson from whom on is dscndd ancesor, progenior  on's dscndants poseriy, progeny  thory of univrsa dscnt from a sing coupl monogenesis, monogeny

descrpon

prcis and daild  short dscripton specificaion  ut horough dscription profie  misrprsntation of compx idas  ovrsmplid dscriptions redcionis

deser



goup of pop traing across a dsrt caravan  nn for hs pop caravanserai • dsrt pac wth watr oasis . dustIadn dustIadn dsrt wnd simoom

esgn



ngrad or ncisd dsign: . dsign idnting idnting a inagio company's products logo 

esgner

dsignr of budings:  dsignr archiec of fashion coths corier of  dsgr roads, bridgs, etc civil engineer 

desire

.  . . . . . . . . . . . . .              . . 

dsir anothr's proprty: cove  graty a as dsir pander 

desk . lg lg ds k for for two two facng acn g pr sons partners' desk  dnotng a sk with a sliding xibl covr: roll op

despar . dspa at magnd lack lack of progrs accidie, demoivaion

desrucon

covrt dstruction saboage  dstruction of rvrd objcts or idas: iconoclasm  ma icious or purposss dsuction vandaism  priod of massiv d stuction apocaypse  dstruction of al if: biocide  dstction of a rac genocide  total dsruction eradcaion exirpaion, hoocas

dea I



dta nding attntion loose end  sub dta iniae, nicey, pncio, qiddy, echnicaliy  (ovr)attntiv to dta meme iclos, pncilios, pedanic, peifogging dta in exenso • in  gi mor dta: elaborae 

deecon

dvc dtctng movng objcts y rctd radio was radar  dvic dtcting ndrwatr objcts by rctd sound pulss: sonar 

deecve

. dtctiv dtctiv mpoyd by mmrs of h h puic: pu ic: privae deecive, privae invesigaor  folow and obsv scrtly shadow . systm systm atic shadowing srveilance

deergen

dnoting a biodgradab dtrgnt: so  dnotg a dtrgnt opratng y nzym: bio logical 

developmen . stad stad and consist consist nt dvopmnt: coniniy .progrssiv dvopmnt of iving organsms ovr th cnturis: evoluion  dvoping alir than usua precocios .highy dvlopd: sophisicaed

devce

dnoting a dvic smingy capabl of intgnt action smar  dvic prformng a spcic 

 ev  d

96

function within a largr appartus:

i evl • djectives diaoc, diaoica  dvil's dividd fot coven hoo • worship of th dvil diaois, saais • contro b th dvil: ossession agam • block diagram: hisogra • diagram laid out lik a tr: dedrogra  diagram showing r lationships in a famil aily ree, gaogy edigre  diagram showing rlationships bw sts en diagra diagram of a sunc of vnts: ow char al dnoting a dial with a moving pointr: aaoge dnoting a dial with a changing numrical displa: digia . poitr poitr on an instrumnt instrumnt dial: eede alect  popular dialct: argo , aaoi . dialct dialct of a particular particular social class: socioec stud of dialcts:

•



•

•

•

diaecology algue • djective daogc ameter . diamt diamtrr of wir, wir, knit tig ndls, and bllts: gag • nnr nnr diamtr of o f a gun barrl: ore, cair gage am • jective diaaie

 infrior

diamond, usd for cuttig:

or Daa  Greek  Aris ay  lctronic diar ersoal ororganzer  looslaf diar: iloa, rsoa r soa  orgaizer  rson kping a diar: daris ar  ective dicaor i . titl of a Grman dictator h r • titl of an Italian dicator dc  titl of a Spaish dictator cadillo

 smal

group xrcisig dictatorial

pors a

oay

 smal

 djctve

lcl

dictionar at t back of a book: gossary vocalary dcionar of placs: gazr  diction

ar of snonms and antonms: sars  dictionar in which th dition prcds th hadword hr): reverse dicionary prson who compil dictionaris eicog

•

raher e • cut out with a di: sa et • djectives di eary eary diei di eicc  • major dit lmnt: aconrie 

>

• organic cmpound ssntial to a bal acd dit viain • dnoting a

vgtabl wholfood dit: acr acroi oioi oicc   disas causd b absnc of frsh fruit and vgtabls from th dit: scrvy _ stud of dits and nutrition: dieeics, rio postulatd nu tritional rquirmnt: reconded dieary allowace . dit xprt xprt:: die-



•

ian nriionis erece • djective dreia • subtl drnc: ace • amount of diffrnc: dierenia • diffrnc in brightnss in a pictur conras • tl th diffrnc btwn: dir ia eret . cbi i rs allog alopathy) hero var .radic all diffrnt from anthing prcding ove having man dffrnt colours: oley ied, variegaed including things of diffrnt tps herogeneos group or ara diffrnt from its surroudings: clav  caus t sm dffrnt dieri-

•

•

•

ae bi i r dys g ult . bii ysleia) . dfc dfcul ultt qustion conndr osr  tmporar dicult du to mchanical failur echica hich  in grat dfcultis: i  ris  avoid a difcult ovia

 quick and innovativ in ovrcoming

dfcultis: rsorce out: cavae dig bg  dig out: nath: dri  dig up: up: earh  dig up up a corps corps h spaddpth of soil: si dig to spits dp dldg

•

•

dii I di

7

gesto

 dective ec  hav-

ng goo geson eec .gestve passage thogh the boy: alenary canal  pat of ths between stomach n ans nesne g . msca msca movement movement of o f he he almen a cana ersalss  bp of ga n the amentay cana laulence  boy ogans of geston

dgesve syse l  nescapable mma cach cach22 22 doule n d e  dective randal  afte nne osrandal osa  nosa wth a vey ong nec an ta dlodocs

 nosa

wth lage vet�a plates o ts back segosarus  nosa wth shot amke font egs: ra chosars  pght canvoos nosa: yrannosaurs

oese

 dective

docesan  bshop n chage of a cese docesan  ocesan assemby: synod

.Angcan pash's contbton to ocesan fns: qoa

Doyss

.Lti e Bacchus .femae folowe of Donyss anad  staff cae by Donyss' fol owes: hyrss

loay

 states seno pomat

esent n a fogn cont: aassador  pomat wth fl powes of ecson lenoenary  plomat on a speca ssgnment essary  ambasao's epty charg d'aares  ambassao's assstant aach  pomatc epesentatve envoy nser  mnste an staff: legaon  gop of pomats sent fo a speca ppose: sson  p omatc coe: Queen's ( ing's) Messenger  amy oce sevng at an embassy: lary aach  Com monweah embassy hgh cos son  plomat acceptabe to te host conty: ersona graa _ per onae rtae) .plomat not accept

able to he host conty: ersona ersona non graa  personae non ratae)  p omas pe of ty at a patcla ocaton osng, or or o dy  pomat's epo dsach  plomat's esence eassy legaon  oca ete between pomats: noe  aft o amenmen to a po matc ocment: roocol .negot atons bokee by a poma tavel g beween two estange pates: shle dloacy  e of plomatc pocee: pocee: roocol • easng of poatc tenson: dene .pesse pace on anothe sate by estctons on tae o soca nteacton  ebeate sancons sktakng n ntenatona plo macy advenurs, rnkansh  pomatc polcy of seekng to egan ost tetoy: revanchs  plomac polcy of peventng anothe state's expanson conanen  pomatc pocy of seekng conto ove othe naons erals  pomacy enfoce by spays of mtay stengh: gnoa dloacy ower olics sareralng  mmnty to loca a enoye b plomats an the popety: eraerroraly eraerroral rghs  host goven ment's oe to a pomat to eave oe a plomat plomat to e e eUlson  oe tn home: recall

ieto  cbii fr wards g eatwards), ways g sideways) .esgne to opeate n a patca econ dreconal . change ect ecton on seny: swerve

veer ieto

! ecto of a gop of o

chesta mscans: conducor  ecto of a bas ban andaser physca o  menta menta s isaty . physca abty handca isageemet  mno sage ment conrees  same) .po onge an btte sageement ed

onn I sese

sre • causing disagreement conenious, conroversa, divisive • without disagreement: unaniosy, ne con  onting • disaointing out·   s  come aniclia, ahos, da sqi   sr m m ent • total abandonment of a certain won zero oion

• denoting

disrmment undertaken b some states onl nilaral saser large sudden nd iolent disster caaclys • ntural disas· ter ac o God sc disc thrown b an athlete dismetal or lastic lastic dis used us ed in c . metal stead of mone oken  disc used to tore isual images videodisc radio disc d isc jocke who  sc jckey radio is deliberatel offensie or rooca· tie shock ock • c fs scharge rrhoea (eg darrhoea), rrhagia (eg menorrhaa) . aginal discharge t the onset of labour or menstruation show dischrge of gs radiation or semen eission ci  lne  strict discilinarian arin, sicklr  erson erson ractis ractis ing seere selfdisciline asceic sco n tent cause olitical or emoionl discontent desailiz      isconti iscontinu nuee temor temor aril  ino aeyanc discon tinue meetings of  rliment with out dissolution rorog ouae .discourging fctor disinci .numbing dscourge ment doiion o  ehod of disoer b rial nd error hrisic cul of making forune discoeres srndiiy .cr ueed on mking  dis coer rka dicriminio ton on grounds of age: gis .discrim nion on gounds o social clss

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98

• discrimination

classis

on

grounds of skin colour colour ar • discrimination against indiiduals • discriminaion viciizaion against the oerweight ais dis crimination against those hsical disabilities: aleis • dis crimination on grounds of race racis  discrimination on grounds grounds of of se: seis barrier to adance ment tacitl imosed uon certin grous glass ciling discrimin ation in four of thos thought to be unfairl reated: osiive discriin-

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aion, revrse discriinion, airaive acion  discrimintion in four of those who are thought to be suerior eliis .freedom from dis crimination equal ooruniy

scussn . academic academic discussion: discussion: syosiu . ublic ublic discussion of a toic vnilaion • discussion inol

ing thre o more ersons at different sites using telecommunications eleconrenc  strang object rook ing discussion: convrsaion ic  discuss without comin to the true oint at issue ea aou h ush

sease

. c   fs iis (eg. conjunctvts), noso), patho ahy (eg neuropathy), osis (eg psychoss) djcte orid • causes of a disese iology • germ cusing a disease acills, ahogen organism transmitting a disease from one host to anoher vc or • erson or animal unaected b a dises but transmitting it to others: carrie . time beween infetion infetion nd earance of smtoms: laen riod, incaion eriod .denot ing  disease with no assignble cuse onsciic characteristi indictor of  dsese syo de noing  disese too mild to show cle smoms sclinical indica ion o  iese syo, siga  dee ndie b a rticular set

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dsese I dsese

 ·········· ······· ··· ·····                                                                                         f sypms: syndroe • rup f sypms ndictn  pricur dis ese: syndroe • symptm ccm pnyn  disese u nt cused y it: eihenoenon • dentn  dis ese hvin recnize symptm: ciica • dentn  disese whut symptms recnize occ • symptm th ny dcrs cn de ec sign • dentn he ste f  isese efre sympms pper re cinica .disese identictin frm syptms: diagnosis .temporry emen f  disese: reission • pients decne fter  perid f re cvery rease • (sudden) recur rence f  disese are recrdes cence • rein utrek f  disse: eideic • denn a dis ese rekin ut thruhut  cun ty r the wrd: andeic .ent n  highy infetius r hrm disese: vren • denin  disese expected t end in deth erina • dedy isese spredin rpiy age • entin  disese whse ureks mus e reprted: noii abe • denin  disese rey fund   pce endeic .dentn  disese pssed frm ne enerin  the next: herediary verica .de ntin  disese ffecin  he dy generaized . diseses chief dy ctin ocs  expected cuse f  disese rognosis • turnin pn f  disese: crisis . secndry secndry dsese vin n exitin ne coi disese coni caion . pss n  disese cae ransi • persn sscitin with smene hvn  cntius disese conac • jects ikey  crry infecin oies • cused y r invin disese: ahoogica  sudy f cuses nd effects f dis ese ahoogy • study f the cuses f diseses: aeioogy • study nd remen f he diseses f chidren aediarics . study f he ncidence n cnr f diseses eideioogy

• sudy

f tissue chnes cused y disese hisoahoogy • sudy f the tretment f disese heraeics • dentin  isese ccurrn in the curse f nther inercrren .e ntin  disese chrcterzed y rief ut sevee tcks: ace • e nin  ngsin disese: chronic • denn n unured disese h currenty shws n symptms dor an • denn  disese strtng in hspit nosocoia .rundwn ste f  surer f  chrnic disese cacheia • entn  disese pssed  y physic cnct: conagios • dentn  disese pssed n thruh he envirnment: inecios • dentn  cntius r ictius disese coniabe . dnting dnting  disese cntrced thruh sexu c ivity venerea • disese cused y pr die deiciency disease .e ntin  disese cusin itte r n pin: indoen .denn  disese cusn prgressive deterirtin f rns r issues: degeneraive .de ntin  disese rwn stediy wrse rogressive • denotn  is ese cused y nidies nury prduced y the sufferer  ttck ther erms aoine . dent dent n  psychicly cused disese: sychosoaic • dentin  disese en r ny fund n  certin rein  pepe: endeic .dentn  dis ese with n knwn extern cuse essenia iioahic • sysemtic descripin f diseses: nosograhy • scientic cssctin f dseses: nosoogy • preventin disese rohyacic • suy nd prctice f disese prevenin revenive ei cine • susnce deepn diy immuniy t  disese: vaccine • test fr the pesence f  disese screen • sudden tck f  disese seizre • pce r time f istin fr n cmers thugh t crry infecius diseses • rein qaranine

sed I di stregth after a dsease's cure convaesce • perso wth a obsesse fear of dsease: hyochondriac • sucde of a ctm of a curable dsease, usg lethal drugs suppled by a doc tor for ths purpose: assised sicide dsesed • cbi i fr oc (.g neuotc) senngle • dsetagle by careful combg or uottg: ease o sgrce  pulc dsgrace: ignoiny, oloqy orori .mar of dsgrace siga dsh • shalow stemmed dsh: coe . large coered dsh for serg soup reen  smal heatproof dsh or casserle: cocoe dishnes • craly dshost: liery • dshoest perso roge  dshoest acttes: scondrel

gra sleaze, skldggery dsnfecn  dsfecto by gases figaion disnegri . c fr lysis • destructo of cells or tssues by ther ow ezymes: aolysis slke . perso or thg partculay dsled: anahea, e noire, e hate dsmss . dsmss wth dshoour from the armed forces: cashier • dsmss from a ob: erinae eloyen soey • opely dsbey o  deat dsobedece insordiaion  ctemet to dsobey those  uthorty: sediion sorer . olet dsrder: ay he ply .freestdg supermaret dsplay: gonola . dsplay ta for uderwater lfe aqari  dsplay ta for udersea fe oceaari . speaer's large pa o f paper i char  splay ostetatusly a  sefdramatzg hisrioic

00

dspue

.protracted ad comple dspute wrangle • cofrotato to resole a dspute showdown dsrspec . dsrespectfu to rel go: iios . rudely dsrespectful: insoen . dsrespectfu og: ev-

iy dsslun • ci fr lysis (g ialyss) . able to be dssoled: solle snce . ci fr ao, e(e) (.g televson)  stace roud somethg: circerence • dstace oe ca see eyesho visiiliy . pot where a orbtg obect s furthest from the earth: aogee

 pot where a orbtg obect s furthest from the moo aolne • -

strumet masurg mls rald

iloeer dsn  dstat perso r thg: olier . far dstat spot: lia Thle .aleged abty to moe ds tat obects elkinesis disinci . subt dstcto ni cey, nance .oersubtle dstc to: hairsiing qie dsuse  temporary dsuse aeyance dch • dtch dug for battleeld sheltr rench • tch roud a cast etc oa  hdde dtch separatg gardes frm parlad haha dver . der's waterproof rubber sut drysi  der's permeable rub ber sut: wesi  der o usg a rubbr sut kin diver • dr's compressedar apparatus: sca, aqalng  ders drowsy sate from breathg ar ude pressure: irogen narcosis  er's eclose essel for deepsea obseratos: ahyscah  der's ahyshere arle opebottomed chamber: div i el . der's sgal rope: lieline

 cotroed

reducto of ambet pressue whe a der returs to the surace ecessio .room for

ve  octo

.0

 • •    • • • • • •   • • • •   • • •    • • • • • • • • •  • •     • • •  •          • • • • • • •  • •           • • • •  • • • • • • • • •  • • • •  • •  •  • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •  • • • • •  • • • • • • • • • • • •

this decoression chaber paiful coitio suffr by a ivr aftr su ructio of ambit prssur he bends, caisson dis

•

ease, decopression sickness :ve • cbii : sec (eg

• •

ssect) ti to ivi or b iv i issiaros ivi ito two bisec ivi ito mutuay hostil uits Balkanize

•

ve

. cbi i : schizo(g schizphenia)

• cbii  vnan ancy (eg habmancy) . Roma ocial itrprti oms agr, harse � see ls orneellng . cbii chiz(o) raical ivisio dichooy • iv isio ito opposi actos olariza ion schis vre • oti a form of ivorc

rquiri o apportiomt of blam noal  spous iitiati a ivorc actio alican spous aaist whom a vorc actio is brouht resonden prso cit i a ivorc actio as havi committ aultry with th partr bi su coresonden court's provisioal ivorc ruli decree nisi court's al ivorc ruli decree absole ivorc prso� divorcee par tal rihts of ivorcs csody  acial suport to b iv by a for mr spous aftr ivorc ainen ance stat acy forci chil maitac paymts Child Sor Agency  court orr abli spouss to rmai marri but liv apart dicial searaion legal se-

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araion ness • causi izziss veriginos   oc that ca b mpt of watr dry dock • submaris covr oc en • oc worr sevedre

• cbii  iaro• octor i char of halth srvics edical oicer • octor who am aasthtics istrs anaeshes • octor spcializi i chilbirth obsterician • octor coctrai o aosis a micatio hysician • family octor genera raciioner • octor quai to prform opr aios srgeon • octor trati

r

amals ve veerinary srgeon .juior hospital octor hose oicer hosean hospital octor as sisti a cosultat regisrar .hos pital octor rcv spcialst traii senor regisrar octor i char of a particular brach of mi ci at a hospital conslan • roup of hospital octors ir octor visit his patits by pla ying docor octor tmporarly rplaci aothr loc prso with som mical traii, but ot fuly quali araedic uquali  octor quak, eiri ia or Muslim traitioal octor hak prso bliv by som popls to hav maical hali powrs edi-

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cine an, shaan, wich docor

• octor's

room for si patits octor's our of conslng roo bri patits rond ral practitior's cosulti rooms srgery ral practitior's clit bas racice . this ru by svral octors gro racice cosulti rooms of a roup practic health cen re ral practitior cotroi his ow but ndhoder .ara list of octors tai NHS patits anel octor's oNHS clits rsourcs avail rivae racice abl to a octor araenari octor's vic for hari th chst oras sehoscoe octor's  vc for si isi th ar ariscoe, ooscoe octor's vic for ispct th rtia ohhalooctor's small hammr for scoe

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 t I d  testng relexes lexor, lessor . sheld aganst Xrays orn by dotors et: aron • projets undetaken by a dotor: caseoad • dotor's ablty to put patents at ther ease bedside anner . dotor's as sessment of symptoms or treatment oinion • doto's seekng of a spe alst's opnon: reerra • doto's order fo a medne to be made or ssued: rescriion • dotor's negl gene or dshonesty: aracice • oath (formerly) taken by tanee doc tors: Hiocraic oah . ome to  a dotor fo treatment resen • vst to a doto consaion • arhve doument ocument nien • handwrtten doument: anuscr • document rtten entrely by ts author hoograh • doument sgned by ts author: ao standard doument: ro grah ora • doument on the World Wde Web web age • entty douments aers . document ontan ng a sorn statement: aidavi . legal doumnt insren • legal doument authorzng entry nd seah of premses: search warran • fomal delvery of a legal doument service • mutual dslosure of douments by partes to a lasut discov ery • legal doument eordng own deed, ershp or a ontrat eorand • appendx to a lega doument: schede .deed sged by one person only: deed ol .legal doument dsposng of one's asses after death: wil • doument promsng  payment: bond, roissory noe • doument orderng payment dra • doument aknoedgng payment rece • doument enttlng the holder to speed goods or ser ves warran • douent provng entty or qualatons credenials • ban douent underrtng spe ed loans o aother ban to be taen out by the bearer leer o cred

. doument shong onershp of a  property: ile deed . summay of ths absrac o e • doument re  odng the transfer of onershp of a  poperty: conveyance, gran • dou : ment reordng the avng of a rght i or lam waiver . doument eodI ng hours orked ie shee . dou  ment shong a vehle's onershp: regisraion docen, log book • doument gvng the detas of an nsurane ontat: oicy • doument listng transations on a nanial count: saeen • state doument permttng foregn travel: assor • doument ensurng safe travel ove a speed area sae condc  doument authorzng speed polie actvty warran • ocal state ment of ause, date, and plae of death deah ceriicae  doument used to supply evdene sorce • denotng a doument hose onershp an be hanged: negoiabe . subdary part of a oument kept by ts ssuer: coneoil • thnpaper opy of a doument isy . draft a doument draw , ake o . daft or amendment to a dplomat doument rooco • produe a egal doument n ts nal fom: enross • ext odng of a doument: enor .presentaton of a doument for onsd eraton sbission . doument a ompanyng a letter: enclosre . set of douments on a partula top dosser • addtonal statement on a doumet, modfyng ts effect: en  dorseen . pee of stamped ax et authentatng a douent sea • doument's abbrevated ttle shor le • abbrevted verson of a doument recis sary • plae an ofal douent on reord ener, le • obsure language of ofal douents ocialese . work nvolvng douents aeork . ounterfet a douent ore • eletron transfer o douments ax

oe  oo

03

oer  cbi ifrs ee (eg ab sentee), eer (eg auctinee) en (eg apeient), er (eg wite) ee (eg athlete) is (eg plaiaist) or eg act) ress (eg actess), ri (eg eecuti)

o

 cbii fr cyno (eg cynpdus)  djective canine fe ale d ich ale d dog  yun d: , y  ie bith t ds:  whel 0 sal t d ladog 0 d in r cnditin r hwin aessin: cr  d f un certain breed: ongrel  ae lice d Alsaian, Geran sheherd dog huntin d: hond  heay hunt in d: loodh on d, asi 0 sall hund used t hunt hare : eagle  set f huns ack 0 ersn in chare f this: aer  d tained t lead the blind gide dog  d trained t assist the deaf: hearing dog  d trained t stand riid when scentin ae: oiner, seer  d trained t fetch sht ae reriever, gn dog 0 d fey tained t rescue snwbund traelers: S Bernard 0 cetitin f etieers eld rial 0 acin d greyhond, whie  wllike rth Aerican wild d: coyoe 0 Arctic slede d: hsky 0 Asian stray nrel ye dog 0 Austalia wild d dingo  Russian wlund orzoi Sct tish sheed: collie 0 cetitin fr sheeds: rials  ery sall lareeyed d: chihaha  ln d ith shrt les dachshnd o are blackandta d: Doerann ins cher 0 frnt art f a ds face: zzle 0 ds inner eyelid: haw 0 eect ile hairs aln a d's back: hackles  kind f feer sufered by ds: diseer 0 inaatin f a d's ea canker  ds disease causin ad ess and death raies 0 ds sense f sel nose 0 sta estainin a d: lead leash 0 chain cntrllin a d by neck ressure: choke chain

 uard reentin a d bitin: zze  et a d ff the leash sli  ds sal shete kennel 0 esn in chare f trained ds: dog handIer  details  f a ds reius c etitie achieeents: or 0 estab ishent fr bardin  breedn ds: kennels oin cbii fr en (eg apeent) o 0 s back dll with fuy hair

golliwog omain

 cbii f do (g fiefdm) ome 0 sal de: coa  inted de, bulin in the iddle: onion doe 0 de sufaced by any sal trianles geodesic doe  wall surtin a de: dr, aor  crne surt fr a de: sqinch  dentin a de cstructed fr struts fllwin he shtest rute beteen tw ints n a shere: geodesic ominane  litica dinance:

hegeony one 0 sethin dne and unalter able: ai accoli onke 0 ale dnkey: ackass  feale dnkey enny  ffsrin f a ale dnkey and feale hse: le  ffsrin f a ale hrse and feale dnkey: hinny oor 0 laed utside dr : rech window  dentin a dr linkin tw rs: inerconcaing  access anel in a lr r ceilin: radoo hle in a dr: das syhole 0 aned slats n a dr lovres 0 fldin sectin f a dr: lea 0 sin bad at the ft f an utside dr weaheroard 0 handle etc n a d door rnire 0 na ental drlate fr the ners: ingerlae 0 d catch: lach, si  sltted etal ate as drfastenin has 0 stri sealin a dr's edes aainst drauhts etc weahersri

 a I drawing  upport acro th top of a door li

e  door' idpot a  la at th foot of a door sill, hreshold

• a' id urfac d a indo reveal

 angd ral erasure • hay ojt to p a door opn doorso • atndant at th main door of a pulic uilding orer, concierge • go canaing or lling from door to door doorse oor a    inid fac of a door jam scucheo  plat t into a door am to rci h olt or loc hn clod riker lae oor  n • doorman at an hotl or thatr coissionaire doorman at a loc of lat cocerge • door   man at a colg or larg pulic uilding orer ole • cb frs di (eg basic) dilo, zygo (eg zyotc) • dou iion diloia o • dough of durum hat and atr asa  or dough kead • utan addd to dough to ma it ri leaven, yeas • com aatd y th lan ove, rise • dnoting dough that i hay through haing faild to ri sad • frmnting dough l or from a priou a ing sourdough ownwas . cb  frs caa (eg cataromous) de (e.g escen) a • rt draft rough, rough

coy n  manhol for drain claranc iscio chaer .i d ith  drain hardcor soakaway through lach ne  drainag ditch dyk

 ara

drnd y a paricuar rir

tc ch      drama andoning rim o mphiz t iraionaliy of man f hea o he d  drama xpoig uman aiour

04  in xtrm condition heare o cruely � see ls lay

ras

rmo an opponnt' thrning pic hu

• cb fr grahy • djecte photoapy) • daing of thing actually

rawin (eg

grahic

for th artit lie drawig atirical draing caricaure, caroo • draing hoing xact dtail and ca echnica drawig  draing hoig ough dtail to v a an inruction workig drawing • draing of a mchanim hoing it part a  paratd y an xploion eloded view • daing of a mchanim ith part of it caing rmod to ho inr oring cu away • draing of an imagind ic tan through a uilding mchanim tc secio, cross secio • draing of a tical apc of a uildin elevaion  draing of a loor layou of a uilding la • xprt in tchdaing nical draughsan • raingad art grahic ars • ytm of draing to ho dpth ers ecive • prpcti ytm uing thr ax 120 apart isoeric syse • ytm uing lin conrging at th horizon liear ersec ive • draing of a thrdimniona oct sereogra • prlinary rion of a draing dra, rough, skech  draing mad antminddly doodle  draing don for a pulication arwork, grahics  lin indicating an ojct gnral hap oulie  had an ara ith clo paral lin hach  hatching don in to dirction cross hachig • had an ara y many mall dot sile • t rrnaion of light and had i a drang chiaroscuro • dnoting draing mad in ight of th itm dpicd li dnoting a draing don iou intrumnt reehad  inrumn for draing arc co

u g  duty suressor • ug a sarpens e senses: suan . rug smuang sexu esre: ahrodisiac • ug nucng seep sedae  ug reu cng enson or axey: sedaie, ranquiizer • ug ncrasng unaon: diurec . rug ecreasng urnaon: anidiureic .drug nucng vomng: eeic • drug prevenng vomng: anieeic • suy of meca

rugs

an er acon: haracoogy • enog a ceaper unbrane form o a propreary rug generc • pace were mecna rugs are spense: haracy • oc s o meca rugs, w nsrucons for preparaon an os ages pharacooeia • soporc or mooangng u narcoc  enotng a rug proucng aucnaons: sychedeic, haucinogenic • rug aecng e users mena sae: sychoroic .denong an eg  or adcve rug dangerous • enong a srong a acve rug hard  enong a ug no key o cause acon so • enotng a asonabe artc ug: desgner . enong a drug a ffects a persons men sae sychoroi • ug producng musce conracons: conusan • rugnuce supor narcosis • ormona ug use by ahees o mprove performance: seroid • njec a rug recy • ugno a ven ainline mpregnae maer aaced o te skn or graua aborpton: ach . soven wose fumes are nhed by drug abusers inhalan • nhaon o aesve fumes: gluesniing • se e drugs eddle • perso dong s: eddler .eg resrcon o use or possesson of a drug: conrol • dmuon of body response to a dug w coued use oerance • naby o do whou a drug: addicon, deendency • pro gressve deprvaon of addcve

06 ugs: wihdrawa • suen an compee eprvaon o acve rugs cod urkey • ear e boy f ru resues deoiy • errorsm assocae  e rugs rae narcoer-

roris drum • bowsape pce rum keedru, ani I only) • rum

w resonang srngs across s unerse: snare dru .rum n a Lan Amercan ban: bongo .jazz um bean w e ans oo  Inan rum aba  umke nsrumen w oose ss n e ses: abourne .n sck w wre brses use on ums: brush drunk • sgy runk: isy .person wo s frequeny runk: aco-

hoc , dr unkard dry . cbii fr ero . ry compeey by eang: arch • ry foo o preserve : dessicae • enong pans or anms aaped o a very dr envronmen: erohious duk .femae uck duck • male uck drake • young uck duckling duel • uess enant: second duke • djective duca • due wo s so a roya prnce roya duke . ukes wfe or wow: duchess • ukes errory duchy dumm joned ummy use by arss: ay igure .oned ummy use by artss an o eac anaomy

ankin . cbii fr coro dung  ungeang: corohagous • ung o sebrs so as a ferer guano Dut • Duc mayor burgoaser

• ece of and recame from the sea:

older dut . djective deonic • mora or eg duy obigaion • fen of duy obserance • aure o perfor a uy dereicion  beyon e ca o duy suererogaory • suy o duy deonology .avod ones

dw I dymo

07 duty: shik

 fr

from a duty exep, exnerae .fr from obga tons: flse  dwarf pant or tr as cut atd n Japan: nsai  dwng of monks or nuns aey, nasery nunnery riry  makshift dwng iv-

uac, shack, shany e . rd food dy

 orangyow

dy: saffr  dy ndcatng acdty or akainty lius  dnotng a dy that dos no run or fad fas  d notng a dy not affctd by ght: lighfas  mak a dy prmannt: fix  dyng mthod usng wax to kp th dy from som parts of th matr a: aik

ynamo cchineal

food coourng and

 dynamo gnratng an a

trnatng currnt alernar . rotat ng coi n a dynamo: araure

Ee

•••••••••••••••u •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••••• ea oter • djectes utual, recipcal eae • djectie auili . oug gl eaglt • gl t eyre ear . cbi i fs au, t( • djecties aural, auricular •  mmto of th r titis • xtr  tuctur of th r auricle, pia



• lor lhy rt o f th xtr r le • tub ldg to th rdrum

uter ear . mmbr of th mddl r eadru • tructur of th ir r layith • inmmto of th layrithitis • rl tub  h r r cchlea • rogrv



d du to bo groth i th r tscesis . urgcl og md  th nr r to rlv df  feestrati • rgig or buzz g  th r tiitus • tudy of th r d t d tlgy • tudy of d of th r d throt t layglgy . tudy d trtmt of d of th r, o d throt trhilayglgy  boxr d formd r cauliflwe ea . droo g r o  iml lp es • ltc urgry o th r tplasty . for to r iaura • doctor dvc for ig d th r auiscp, tscp . drg tub  th rdrum get rg or   rcd r to rvt t clong sp earnn  forcd rymt of  dbt from g gaish a tche  aigs .ccountg trm for rig gid from rvc ndutr ivisi eart  cb f g .d jecties terrstria, trr • outr rt of th rth cus  dot

th rth crut tectic • ir rt of th rth atle • mot rt th rth ce • rgio of th rth crut d tmohr  hbtd by lvg orgm i sphee • th rgrdd cologcly ecsphre • tudy of th arths t mohr clmt d hr e telgy • thc rt of th crut, formg mjor d m ctie tal cust • thi rt of th crut b th oc bi ceaic cust .rgd crut cto plate . qub rum of th crut isstasy • hot l qud bth th rth crut aga • mjor movmt of th rth crut cvulsi  tudy f th rth crut tctics • thory of crutl tructur plate ectics • rgd outr cg o f th  rth lith sphee • d tror of th rth aysphee, cre • uod or gil gl cotit Pagaa . uod ubqut lad m  th outhr hmhr Gdwaa  suosd subsqut d mss i th orthr hmh Laurasia • hlf of th  rth heisphere • im gid ccl joig th rth ol lgitude, eidia • mgid crcl roud th rth quidtt from t ol euat • mgid l rll to th qutor atitud, aall  rg of logtud usg  commo tim tie ze .ogtud oot to tht of Grch t hch th dt chg Dat Lie, Iatil t Lie .hot zo cntrd o th qutor trid ze pics .modrt zo orth d outh of th tpate ze • cold zon bout thr of th ol figid z  nrl hycl tudy of th



eh movg I eclpse

09 earth ad its atmosphere: eath scence  chemical study of the earth: gecheisty  study of the surface of the earth: gephlgy . study o the tructure of the earth: gelgy  physics of the earth: gephyscs  mathematics of the shape of the earth: geesy  regio roud the earth govered by its ow magetic eld: agnetsphee  study of the earth's magetism geagneics  deotig the earth's atural heat: gethea  deotig a astroomical system cetred o the earth: gecentc  beyod the earth: extate-

estal � see s wl t moin . powerful tractor pushig a broad blade: ulldze

 wheeled

machie

leveig

the

grou: gad

 seis

 mior

 cbi

 djective

fr

sesic

earthquae: te .mior earthquae precedig the mai shoc: feshck  mior earthqua followig the mai shoc afteshck  tremor o th moo's surface: nuake  startig poit of a earthquae: fcus  surface poit directly above a earthquae's cetre: epicente . scale for earthquae itesities: Richte scale  istrumet recordig ad measurig earthquae seisgaph seisete record made by this: sesga  exceptioally large ocea wave caused by a earthqae or volcao: tidal wave tsuna  stdy of earth quaes: seis gy



t ective iental t Ai  djective iental E  djectve paschal  Friday before Easter: Gd iday  Sat urday before Easter Hly Stuay  Suday ter Easter: Lw Sunday   easy to do: plan salng  mae easy: faclitate

t . eat i sma amouts: nile

 (of

a aimal) eat highgrowig vegetatio wse  (of a aimal) eat grass gaze  t to eat: eile  ut to eat ineile  become ut to eat: spl  pathological refusal to eat due to a desire to lose weight: an-

exia nevsa in  cbi frs phagus phagy us  eatig a foods: nvus  eatig a ot vacius  eati corpses: necphagus  eatig dug: cpphgu  sheatg: pscivus  eatig grasses ad cereals: gainivus  isecteatig: insectvus  meateatig: canivus  uteatig nucvus  plateatig heivus  eatig wood: xylphagus  eatig o meat or sh: vegetaian . eatig o aimal lesh or products: vegan  eatig oly fruit: uaa . perso or ai mal feedig o its ow species: cnnal  psychologicay iduced refusal to eat: anea nevsa psycho ogically iduced desire to overeat: uliia nevsa  substace added to plas or foud aturay i them discouragig aimas or microorgaisms from eati them:

antifeedan nti

 eccetric perso: cank

 eccetric miority lu natc fi nge o  djectve echic  record of water depth made by relected soud: echga  locatio of objecs by reected soud echlcatin  echo free anechic

lip

 djective ecliptic  deot-

ig a eclpse obscurig the whole disc: ttal • deotig a eclipse ob scurig o more tha part of the disc patial .deotig a total eclpse i which the edges of the eclipsed body remai visible annula  area shaded by a total eclipse ua



    eonomy

 area

shadd  a par ecse:

peua eol . cbii fr ec-

 preserva of he aura evro-

e csevat deerae deruco of he aura evroe eccde  croppg u hor of oge depeo: au sustaale yield . deog pracce ha do o perael par he eco ogca aace sustaale  o ogcal cou regrded as ecologcal selfsuce: ecsyste  uer of persos ad aas a rego ca suppor whou evroea degradao: cayg capacty  produc laellg o dcae ecoogca soudes ecIaelg  ours eded o creae ecoogca awareess ectus  saoage coed for ecoogca reasos ectage  voece jued  ecoogca cocers

ectes eonom

 ecooc

sse  whch ll aor facors are ceral coroled: cad ecy a-

aged ecy plaed ecy

 ecooc

sse ed  free oper ao of arke forces: feeetepse

syste cy, feeaket supplyside ecy  freearke

ecooc sse wh sae provso fo hose uae o sel her aour: scal aket ecy .ecooc se where usesses are prvael owed: capitals pvate etepse .ecooc sse  wch he ae corols produco ad he use of capa: tate captals .ecooc sse wh eas of produco  sae or popuar owershp cllectv s scals  ecooc sse wh sae coro of dusres ad serves cus state scal s  deog a ecooc se coag a ace of he ove ed  capas elee  a xed ecoo: pvate sec

0

 aecoroed eee  a xed ecoo pulic sect  dsrc for

whch speca ecooc provso s ade specal devepet aea  dac ecoo  Ea Asa tge ecy  geeral ecooc facors aceccs  ecoo sud of sge facors iceccs  ope a ecoo o copeve radg: deplze  ecooc e allowg urerced cope o fee etepse, fee aket . ecooc sse ax pors o proec hoe auacures ptectiis . ecooc se coro g pors ad he expor of capa sege ecy  governe ecooc poc of oerveo lassezfae  ecooc pa: udet  ecooc pa  whch coe equas expedure alaced udget  excess of expees over coe defct  ecooc coro va he oe supp etais  acg of govere expedure  orrowg deficit facig  govere expedure hus aced defict spedig  geera reduco  prces deflat  perceved eed fo a cood dead  deog a ecoo govered  cosuer dead deadled .deog a ecoo suferg deaded ao eheated  crese  ecooc acv epas ecvey  perod of rpd ecooc growh   deog a ecoo uke o expad fuher: atue  hghes eve of ecooc acv peak  epoa dece  ecooc acv: ecess  sharp ad prooged dece  ecooc acv slup . severe ad prooged decrease of ecooc acv: depess ow evel of econoc acv tugh  regulr aerao of oo ad slup usess cycle tade cycle  geera crease  prces wh a decease  he purchasg

  eei

2

 cetcate o f compete stuies dip-

l eel  oung ee eve  ee spt an cooke spitchcck effet  mutua effect interpy  rect effect knckn efiien  anass of wokpace efcenc: pertin reserch  -

cease ecienc b subivsion of tasks dvisin f ur smoot ecient: sck esgne fo efien rater tan appeaance ut-





trin effort  equiing muc effot: rus  make geat eot strve, strugge e  cbi i frs vfrog o sh eggs spwn  eggshap vifr, vid  poucing oung b means of eggs vprus  se of eggs: cutch st on eggs d  (of oung) emege fom an egg htch  keep eggs wam fo atcg ncute  artca ontoe hatching environment: htchery  stu an coecting of birs eggs: gy  ecen atche anma htchng  enoting an egg boe so that the ok is : hrded  enoting an egg boie so hat the ok is unn sed  sh of fie beaten eggs eette

00

 ight ish of stf beaten eg g whies: suff Chinese egg s test eggs fo feshness f yng simme an egg: cdde cnde  aboe egg fe n sausage meat Sctch egg





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esape  djectives vl, vte, vid Eptian  ancient Egpian e: Phrh teitoia ivision of ancient Egpt: ne ancient Egptian tempe gatewa py  ancien Egptan ictuewritg: hieglyhs  ova paque fo ieogphs: crtuche  ancient Egptan

pest scpt usng smpe heogphs hiertc ancent Egptan scipt use b the ait a smpe fom of heatic detic ancient Egptian go of the ea: Osirs ancient Egptan embame copse: uy  ancent Egtian nea un: npc r, npc vse an cent Egptan goess of fetit ancent Egptan go of Iss mummicaton: Anuis  ancient Egptan go of the sk Hrus anien Egptian sungo: Aun  ancient Egptan tomb: st  ancent Egptian beeeshape gem: scr  stu o f ancent Egptan cutue: gyptgy fome vceo of Egpt: Khedive Egptan peasan felh  fin) Egp tan boat feucc hot Egptian win: khsin Egptian irgaton evce of a bucket on a poe: shdf

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ei

 cbii

ct

fr

 eghtsie gure: ctgn  enoting et parts ctupe one of egt offspng bon at a brt: ctuplet  ensembe of eight muscians, o musc fo tem: ctet

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eit  peson n hs o he eght es: ctgenrn elaorae  petentous eaboate grndise elow  po with e ebow: nudge  inammation of ebow tenon tennis e w eletion  ectives eectve, eect r  eection campagn: hustngs  eecton fo a consttuences gener eectin  eecton fo one constituenc yeectin  enotng a constituenc won b a sma majoit: rgin  enotng a consttuenc won b a age majot sfe manipation of constituenc bounaies gerryndeng  enotng an eection won b a simpe majot: first pst the st . eection sstem

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3 istibuting seats popotionatey to each pay's nationa shae of the po: prprtna representatn  peson seeking eecton: canddate  popse or ente a caniate: nnate  ist of caniates: sate  ea set of eection caniates: drea tcket  pat of a county o boough etuning a singe paiamentay canate dvsn, cnsttuency  aea fo oca eection puposes: ward  money pai in by an eecton caniae: depst  efuse onstituency suppot to one's pevi ous caniate: deseect  soicit votes at an eection: canvass, eectneer . potician's mobie heaquates fo use in eection campagns: attleus  eecton meeting: ustngs  ocia conuctng an eection: returnng ffcer .peson supevising the conuct of an eec tion: scrutneer . ofcia announce ment of an eection esut: eclaratn  stuy of voting at eections: psep-

gy se s te eletriit  bii r eectr (e g electlate)  eecticity suppy: pwer  make eecicty: generate . evice conveting mechanica enegy nto eecticity: dyna, generatr  eectic geneato using pemanent magnets agnet  eectica conucto oun oun a magnet: wndng . enotng eecticity geneate by ate poe: ydrelectrc  eectic chage geneae by ficion: treectrcty  stationay eec chage pouce by fcton: statc electrcty  eectic potentia pouce by mechanica stess: peelectrcty  poucing eecticity by tempeatue iffeences: terelectrc  evce conveting soa aation nto eecticity: sar attery, sar cell . ece conveting quaniave physica changes ino an eectic signa, o vice vesa transducer . eice stong an eectic

electcty I electcty chage: capactr, cndenser  na tiona eecticity suppy netok: grd, natnal grd  ta suppot fo gi cabes pyln  peson epaing eectic poe ines: nesan  equipment eucing gi voages to omestic eves: sustatn .appa atus changng atenatingcuent votages: transfrer  suen incease in votage o cuent: surge  eectic suppy faiue: ackut, utage  nteupton of eectcity suppy o peven geneao oveoa ladseddng . teminate an eectic suppy: cut   compete cose path fo eecic cuent: crcut .effect of a suen eecica ischage upon a peson o anima: electrc sok, oc  eeri shoks aministee to teat menta iness: eectrcnvulsve terapy  ightsensitive eectic ce: electrc eye, pteectrc ce  iffeence in potentia causing an eectic cuent: eectrtve frce  substance tansmitting eecticity: cnductr  substance that oes not tansmit eecticity: nsulatr .evice suppessing unante eectica aves: flter  o of eectcty: current  maximum eectc poe eman: peak ad  eecica conac se against a moving pat: rus  evice ith pins making an eectca  singeponge connection: plug eectic pug: ack plug . evice eceiving an eectic pug: scket  evice mkng o eakng an eei circuit: swtc  a pate aroun an eectic sitch: escutcen  stch contoing a hoe system: aster swtc  set of eectica stches: gang . stch opeate by a spung eve: tuer . sihes n fuse boxes hee the eectica suppy entes a ouse: cnsuer unt  spung eeic onneon ip: crcdle cp  evice varying an eectc ight's bightness der

 u I eleo daa

• lctcal applancs sch as tlvsons an h: rwn gds • lc-

tcal applancs sch as fgatos an washng machns: whte gds

eei iui

• lctc

cct

svng sval pow ponts: rng crcut rng an . nong an ntpt lctc cct: pen • complt an lctc cct: clse .w s to o ths: juper • connct o sconnct an lctca cct: trp • concto b whch lctct nts or leavs an objct eectrde .tem poa lctcal conncton: patch • boa wth socts fo ths: pathard • nwant lccal conncton catng a fals cct shrt crcut • aal shot cct btwn two xpos conctos: flashver • ccts sstanc to altnatng cnt: pedance .notng ccts tc_ whch th cnt nts n tn: n seres . notng ccts tc_ whch th cnt nts sm tanosl: n parallel • thn w brang an ovloa lctc c ct: fuse

• complt clos path fo lctc cnt: crcut • f-

eei uen

fnc n potntal casng an ctc cnt: electrtve frce • sn ncas n lctc cnt: surge • notng an lctc cnt havng fqnt an gla vss of cton: alternatng • notng an lctc cnt owng n on cton: drect • appaats convtng ct nto altnatng cnt nverter • appaats convtng alnatng nto ct cnt: rectfer • nstmnt contolng an lctc cnt b vang th sstanc rhestat  nstmnts masng lctc cnts: aeter galvaneer  maxmm cnt tan b a vc ladng • chang an at natng cnt to ct: cutate • lcto vc s to gnat lctc cnt cell • vc cttng

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off an lctc cnt: crcutreaker • g to whch a sbstanc opposs th passag of an lctc cnt: ressance • mscl o nv stmlaon b lctc cnt: electrtherapy • chmcal composton b lctc cnt: electryss

eei ig

• thn

w gvng lght n an lctc lght blb: flaent • gls contan fo an ctc lght lmnt envelpe • lctc lght blb wth tanslcnt glass: pearl ul • lctc lght ttng wth two smal pojctng pns: aynet fttng • vc cvng an lctc lght ttng: scket

• lctc w: eeti wie cale lead .longstanc lctc cabl transssn lne • natonal ntwo of ths: grd • lctc w povng hat: eleent • lctc w povng lght: flaent • lctc w nnng to th gon: eath • ctng fo lctc cabl: sha • towrl

stct cang cbls abov th gon: pyln

eeoe • postvl chag lcto ande • ngatvly chag lcto: cathde • cto vc s to gnat lctc cnt: cell eeoni aa • lctonc ata gathng: data capture • notng

ata n a fom a compt can pocss: achnereadale • basc ata nt: wrd • ntfng chaact appn to a ata tm: tag • pat of a compt co alocat to a patcl t tm feld  connct st of ata ts: recrd • ata sto n a patcla nam: fle • gop of cos pocss togth: atch • l ntfng a co: key • atas consstnc an fom fom copton: ntegrty .vc s plang ata on a scn: vsual dsplay unt • ata shown on a compt scn: dspay • scton of

U

elecoc d I elecoc d

strd data dsplayabl scr at  tm page  stady rllg up r dw thrugh dsplayd data scrll ig  prtut f cmputr data hardcy . scr dsplay f data s cpy  lctrc data srtg data prcessig  prat  data by mas f a prgram prcess  dd structur fr data prcssg strag, r dsplay frat .cmputr part strg data ey  at pat fr data strag disk  cy data t a strag lcato save  cpy r trasfr data read  trasfr data t th mmry lad, write  sd data t a trmdat str sp  cmpact data fr strag cpress  mmdat accss t th daa sught drect access  accss t data rqurg l radthrugh se uetia access  tm ta t d strd data seek te  dscry f a sught data tm hit  rxprss data fr us wth a drt prgram r systm cvert  hrarchc arragmt f data estig  cpy data t a scd lcat ackup, dup . duplcat strag f data irrrig  cpy data frm  cmputr systm t athr dwlad  rasfr data t a largr cmputr systm upad  bta lctrc data itergate, retrieve .structurd data hld  a cmputr dataase . crpus f data frmd frm sral databass dataak  cmpay' maagmt databas data waehuse  cratg w databass frm xstg databas matral data iig  atabas structrd t rcg rlats btw strd tms relatial dataase .rstr a datbas t ts rus stat rllack  brwsr prgram acssg a larg databas avigatr  strag dc allwg data accss fr ay aalabl ds jukex  dtg data  fr accss uprtected  rstrct accss t data prtect  ga

uauthrzd accss t data hack  dstry data  a cmputr's mmry delete, erase  cacl a dl udelete .dstry data by trg w data  ts plac verite  pr t ths writeprtect  small data lss du t ds law droput . ma data aalabl t sral usrs smultausly ulticast . data path btw cmputr cmpts us  hg spd data cct lcal  ruls fr lctrc us trasms of data btw dcs prtc . stadard sgals rglatg data trasfr hadshakg .d tg th trasfr f data as a sgl squc f bts seral  ctuus w f data strea  dtg systms prcssg data as t s gratd realte  sgl sca thrugh a st f data pass  blck f data trasmttd acrss a twr packet  sparat data t such uts packetize  md f data trasms s by pacts packet switchig  ruls grg lctrc trasmss f data prtcl  ttal f th dgts  a tm f lctrc data checksu  altr data t mm strag spac cpress  rstr such data t a machradabl stat decpress  dotg data cm prss scardg sstal frmat lssy . mcrchp cmprssg ad dcmprssg data c dec  data l allwg smutaus updats ht lik .lgdstac trasmss f cmputrd frmat teleatics  study f lctrc data prcssg fr storag ad rtral ifrati sciece, ifr-

ati

techgy,

 trduc

ifratcs

rrrs t a prgram r databas crrupt  rrr r fault causg lss f data had errr  pc f cmputr cd that ca cr rupt r dstry data virus  lgal ctrls r us f lctrc data

data prtecti

  n i  l I eoto eleri mail .pcessng elec trnc ma: essaging • abusve electncmal message flae eleri .electrnc avatn equpment: avinics • electrnc cr

cut frmed n a smal pece f sem cnductng materal: integrated circuit . ntegrated crcut cntanng al the functns f a cmputers cen tral prcessng unt: icrprcessr • electrnc keybard able t prduce many drent types f ptched sund: syntheszer . electronc devce at tached fr mntng purpses: tag • electrnc remte cntrl f ma chnes: teleperatin • estre an electnc sgnal t ntellgble frm: descrae • semcnductr used n electncs transistr • dentng technlgy based n sld semc ductrs slidstate • mnr prnted crcut bard daughterard .sem cnductng war n an ntegrated crut: chip, icrchip .dentng an electrn emtted at hgh temperatures: therinic • technlgy cm bnng electrncs and mechancs:

echatrnics elegane . styls elegance chic • veelabate elegance: chichi . smple an d elegant: clean .slm and elegant svelte • elegant bdy mvements: deprtent elemen • chemcal element pres-

ent r requred n mnute amunts: trace eleent . radactve frm f an element: istpe, radiistpe • smallest partcle f a cecal element that can partcpate n chemcal reactns: at • table f the chem cal elements arranged by atmc number: peridic tale • vertcal cl umn n hs: grup • hrzntal rw n ths: perid

elepan

• yung

• adjective:

elephantine

elephant: calf • prehstrc elepant ath . savage ele phant lvng apart frm the herd: rgue elephant • frenzed state f

6 ruttng male elephants: ust • ele phants lng prjectng tth: tusk . elephant drver ahut .seat n elephants back: hwdah

eleen

• combining form

hendeca • elevensded gure: hendecagn, undecagn . verse f eleven syl lables hendecasyllale elf • elf sad t d husewrk: rwie • elf n Irsh flklre lepre chaun . elf n German flklre k ld elm • fungal dsease f elm trees: utch el disease emarra • embarrassment at nes appearance r actns: selfcnsciusness • embarrassng re mark  act: tise, faux pas, gaf • avdng embarrassment: discreet emlem . eltc threelegged em blem: triskelin • Naz emblem: swastika • cmpany emblem lg emrier .pece f embrdery dne as a specmen f skll: sapler

. rnamental embrdery wth draw ng ut f threads: drawnthreadwrk .embrdery wt parts cut ut: cutwrk • embrdery wrked ver canvas: needepint . canvas embrdery f dagnal stches: petit pint . tn twsted embrodery yarn r the embrdery made wh t: crewel • small lp f twsted thread pict • embrdery sttch frmng X crssstitch • crcular fra hld ng embrdery taut: taur emro . membrane surroundng the embry: chrin • utermst layer f embrync tssue ectder • nnerst layer f embrync ts sue: endder . testtube develp ment f embrys: ectgenesis emigrai • emgraton of ntelec tuals rain drain • emgrants frm a partcular natn: diaspra emio • vlent emtna attack hysteria, parxys .feelng em tn: passile, sentiental • shw

epeo I eough

7 ing no eotion: ipassiv sel eotiona shock: cnrlld raua  eotiona tension: sress  eotiona reease in response to a oving work of art caharsis  attri btion of han eotions to anias and things: pahic allacy

 aectve iprial .e peror of Gerany Kaisr  eperor

epeo

of Japan: Mikad .eperor of Rs sia Tsar

epie . adectve ipria eploee  epoyee's iproper behavior: iscnduc .ist of e poyees and their wages: payrll

lgy  tie o f jdgeent hen dsday ene  adectve: iniica per son vontariy assisting eney occu pying forces: cllarar uisling

eneg  tiny discrete aont of en ergy: uanu (l quanta) .energy derived fro renewabe nonnclear sorces: alrnaiv nrgy .energy derived fro oveent: kineic enrgy  eisson of energy as electro agnetic waves or oving partces:

radiain enggeent .an engaged o be arried: fanc .woan engaged to  teporary or peranent discharge be arried ianc of workers lay  rate at which enginee  enineer desining and eployees leave and are repace bing roads etc: civil enginer urnv . oss of epoyees de to resignation and retireent naura Englih  cmbnng frm Angl Engishspeaking: anglphn wasag wasag eploent  short experience o enging  adectve: glypic .en  graving sing a waxed plate ching eployent arranged fo r schoo crgraphy  etching techniqe eavers: wrk princ  ot of e sing resin and varnish to prodce poyent: unwagd shaded areas: auain . engraving ept  eptheaded: vacan withot acid: dry pin  engraving vacuus by incised ines: in ngravng  en enel  decorative enae inlay: graving effect achieved by any sal chaplv  decorative enaels sep dots: sipp  engraved or incised arated by wire: clisnn design: inagli  engraving fro a pate pary roghened and partly enloe  encosre for keeping sooth in  engrave a de birds: aviary  trackside encosre sign on eta chas  steel enrav where copetitors asseble: pad ing tool urin  art of ge engrav dck ing: glypgraphy  back copond en  cmbnng frms:    (u set in engraved eta: nil  see ose eg teleloloy) acr (t eg als illusrain aconym)  otcoe: dnu n  disappointing end or ot enjo  enjoy withot hrrying: savur coe: anilia .pt an end to: scch  ring to a grada end enlge  enarge by interna wind up  ending point rnus ad stretching: disnd u elihtenent  theologica er enle  endlessly: ad ininiu in ddhis or indis nirvana





en of the wol

 theoogica

stdy of the end of the wod: scha

enoh

 be

enogh suc . ore than enogh suprfluus



quiry ntril

nqi

 deoig a pocess of e

qy codced by egaio apophai  deoig a pcess of e qry codced by afmao

aaphai neml

 esemble

of o pe formes, o he msc fo hem uo  esemble o f hee pefomes, o he msic for hem rio  esembe of fo pefomes, or he msic fo hem uare  esemble of ve pe formes, o he msc fo hem uine  esembe of s pefomes,  he msic fo hem see  esem ble f seve pefomes, or he msic for hem sepe  esemble of egh peformers, o he msic for hem oe  esembe of srmes of a sge ype hoir  sma esemble payig eay msic onsor  smal esemble payig popar msic oo, group  arageme of a piece of msic fo esembe o oches al se orhesraion  play seveal isrmes i a eseme oule

nte  mpossibe o ee ipenerale ntetin  vey famos ee aier egasar  eeaier el g j okes oeian (fe cmedi

enne)  deog a comedia eeraiig a lve adiece sanup  mae eeaier impesoag a oma rag ueen  eeraier isig his o he body onorionis  eeraier demosaig skil i escapig esapologis  ee aier pefomig eaboae gymas c feas aroa  eeraie ak unaulis ig a ighrope  eeraer passg a sod blade do his or her hoa sworswallower  eeaie seemg o make his r her vice come fm a dmmy venrilouis  mUa ho eeais i he sree usker  msiia makg sakes say  his or her es snake harer  bske playig several smes

8 smaeosly onean an  medeval sge insrel, roua our  peformer i popa ee ame arise  pefome i highbro eeraime aris  par of eeaes orkig o gehe oule a



I

nttainmnt  eeraime dsy show usiness  ee

aie cossig of dfere kids f ac variey  eeraime f sgg o a recoded accompaime karaoke  eeame by akig oes cohes off sripease  eer aime sig sod ad lighig effecs po a archiecal back  grod son e luire  gh he arca eeraime ih opcal sare revue  poplar variey eer  ame usi hall  vaey ee  aime ih opica saie revue 1  hearcal Chrismas sho pano ie  comc eeame based o vgoos hoseplay slapsik  miay eeraime ih dem sraios of skill aoo  pblic eeame o socal aciviies available a igh nighlife  eer  ame ih o ems oule ill  eeame ih a edcaioa ppose euainen infoainen

1

i q

ntiat  ereme ehsias · fanai, onoania, ealo  e  hsias fo some acivy fanier  foolishly ehsasic gungho  vigoos ehsiasm verve, es  simae ehsiasm oivae

 shog

war nti

lle ehsasm

 cmining frms

pan (eg

panIslamic)

ntit  some frher specied e " y eriu ui ntail  ake o erais ise owel, eviserae  evsceae a  dee gralloh  evsceae a sh lean, gu  evsceae a fol raw

evomet I essece

19

environment • combnng form ec • socal envronmen leu • envronmenally aware geen .n creased

envronmenal awareness geen vutn . wach for hreas o he envronmen dwatch • presence of harm susances n he envronmen plutn • an mas or pan's naral envronmen hatat • happenng n s naural en vronmen n viv  sudy of he neracon of vng organsms and her envronmen ecgy .revers envronmenal ng damage

eedatn enzme . combnng forms y, ase • mxure of enzymes used n al coholc fermenaon yase epleps • adjectve epileptc • serous form of epepsy grand a . mnor form o f epepsy pet a • causng eplepsy epileptgenc • eplepc  seure • voen movemens n epepc  cnvulsns .person serng from e epsy epieptc • drug prevenng or moderang epepc s anticnvusant epo .adjectve epcha equal • combnn form equ, is-

(.g. isosceles) .wh sdes of equa engh equlateal . equal n power or mporance equipllent • equal y of pay or saus paity • person of equal saus peer • on an equa ass pa passu • oher hngs eng equa ceteis paius

eqult . adjectve egalitaan equation • eqaons sharng un nowns wh denca values sul taneus equatns . move o he oher sde of an equaon transpse

equipment . equpmen n a spec ed area of exerse aaentau . compee equpmen pan • msceaneous equpmen py paaphenala • seng up equp men for use installatn erase

• erase

daa from an eec ronc medum wpe • mposse o erase ndelle

Eros • Latin name upd erosion • andscape hrough eroson planatin

leven • proec ng wa or fence o m seas eroson of coas gyne • mnmzaon of eros y poughng along onours

cntu pugh ng error

• error

n ogc falacy • grammacal error slecis • error aeged o reveal suconcous feengs eudan lip .capae of error fallile • ncapale of error flpf infallile • correc someone's msaen mpresson u ndeceve • s of errors n a oo ec cgenda, eata .opaque ud o oerae wren errors cecn

fluid esape

.person who enerans audences y demonsrang hs or her s n escapng from conne men esca pl gst • pace for escap ng or hdng lthe

esort

• female

escor for young woman chapene duenna • male escor for oder woman gig

Eskimo . Esmo nhaan of he sands off lasa Aleut • Esmo

.quany o e found y sovng an equaon uknwn

nhaan of norhern Canada or Greenland Inuit .Esmo canoe kayak .Esmo cehouse igl • Esmo sedgedog husky, aaute . command o hs ush

equator . adjectve equatal equinox • adjectve equinctal

essa .academc essay dissertatn pape ei, thesis

• progressvey

earler occurrence of

he equnoxes pecessin

essene

• denong

hngs havng

he same essence cnsusatia

tia I evoluo

20

essentia • essentia oi of rose petas: attar . not essentia extrin sic estate • estate manager: land agent, ( n Scoan factor • coonia estate growing sugar coee etc plantation • pantation owner or man ger planter  encosed pasture and woodand round a country mansion:

park esimae

• ne

wo prvides  de taied estimate of te cost of a pro posed buiding project quantity surveyor • estimate unknown resuts by aaogy wit tose aready observed

extrapoate tis . teory tat acts re justied soey by teir usefuness or te peasure tey create: utilitarianis • teory tat mora truts exist inde pendenty of any knowedge of tem oectivis • teory tat mora truts are cuturay determined: relativis • teory tat severa mora systems may coexist: ethica plural is • tory tat peasure is te igest good: hedonis . etics of medca and bioogica researc: ioethics • imagined uncngng and universa system of etica principes: natural law • abandonment of etica standards: anoie etiuette . required by etiquette: de rigueu r • subte point of etiquette:

nicey Euope

 ombning form

uro-

(eg ocentc . uropean mainand as viewed from Britain the

oninent Euopen Union

• bureaucrat

of te uropean Union: urcrat .person unentusiastic about te uropean Union: ursceptic • ofcia monetary unit of te uropean Unio ecu • proposed singe currency for te uropean Union: urocurrency evapoate .iabe to rapid evapor ation: volatile

evasion .evasve tak: circulocution, equivocation evenin . period of evening twiigt: dusk event · • important event: occasion, landark, ilestone . ummer outdoor fundraisng event: fte • event inexpicabe by scientic aws: iracle • number participating in an event urnout .person seeing an event take pace: witness • pace were n event is ed: venue pos sibe sequence of events: contingency, scenario • series of events ec triggered by its predecessor: chan reaction • rst of a series of events: opener • reated events adding signicance to tat under consideration: context • wisdom aer te event:

hindsight eve .for ever: ad infinitu eve • ombining form pan (eg. pansual)

evewee . ombining forms oni, per • found everywere onipresent, pevasive, uiuitous • adjeive evidential eviene • vidence given under oat deposition • yng evidence: perury .evi-

dence given by n accused person against is accompices: Queens Kings) evidence .denoting egay acceptae evidence: adissile  denoting evidence proving guit: daning . denoting evidence consistent wit but not proving te accusation: circustantial • object swn in curt s evidence ehiit evi • wising to do evi alevolent,



alicius,

align, nefarious • averting ev apotropaic .decare to be evi: denounce • portray as ev deonize evoution • evoution of one species to resembe anoter iicry  maor evoutionary cange: acroevolutin  Darwinian mode of evo

2

exmt I r

. . . . . . .  . . . . .    .     . .    . .    . . .     . . . . .  . .   . .  .  . . . . . . . .  .  . . . . . .    . . . . . .   . .    .  . . . . . . . .    . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . .  .   . . . . . . . . . .  . .  .     . .  . . . . .

ltn tural select, suvval f

the fttest examiation . cmbnng frms psy (eg bpsy) scpy (eg en

scpy)  exanatn f nancal accnts aut . exanatn f a sbstance t deterne ts cnstt ents ultatve aalyss  exan atn f a sbstance t deerne the prprtn f ts cnsttents uat tatve aalyss  spen acadec exanatn: ral, vva, vva vce  practce exanatn: ck  ral exanatn f a applcant tevew  schlleavng exanatin n certan cntres accalaueate  level f a sc exainatn: gade  persn tang an exanatn: cndate  spervsr fper\ns tang a rtten exanatn: vglt  dentng an exanatn qestn ffrng several pssble ansers: ultplechce  set f exanatn qestns ppe  nstrctn n an exanatn paper uc .cand date's cpleted exanatn paper scpt . exaner ensrng cnsst ent arng: eat .exan atn grade dentng a fa: uclssfe  edcal exantn f a autpsy, pstrte cpse:  edcal eanatn f tsse fr a lvng bd psy  bd exan atn b tch: palpat .achne exanng the  bd b radatn ltrasnd etc scane  age prdce b sc a achine: sc  thelgcal exanatn f a heretc nust . ental exanatn f nes thghts: tspectn

exampe  perfect exaple achetype, epte, e plus ulta, paprttype, utessence g,  pre exaple ywd  exaple t be tated ject less, paag , patter, re el . exaple cted t stf sar actn: pece det .cte as an exaple: auce

exavation

.eng f excav atns th aste ateral: ladll  rell an excaatn th the ater al dg fr t ackfll

xeengl . cmbining frms supe (eg supesenstve) ulta(eg ultaplte) exeive  excessve sppl: glut  se f re rds than are needed

plenas xeive  cmbnng frms hyper, ver (g vefull) pe excessvel crtcal hypectca xange  tal exchange: ec pcty xitemet  thrll f excteent: fs  cmining frms xmt cp, scat (eg scatl) .eat ng excreent: cpphgs .ex creent f seabrds sld as a fertl zer gua  receptacle fr bedrdden persns' excreta: ep xuton  exectn as a pnsh ent eath pealty .cal rder fr ths: death waant  char fr exectn b electrc shc electc cha . apparts fr exectn b hangng gllws, get  appar ats fr exectn b stranglng: gartte  Frech beheadng achne gullte  plafr fr pblc exe ctns scaffld . pst f dspla f exected persns get xerie  exercses fr tness and strength: physcal tg . exer cses fr strength and gd ppear ance cllthecs . exercses n creasng bdl xgen ntae: ecs  aerbcs perfred n ater: uacs .exercses sng cnterbalanced scls: setcs  exercse f entle nnn ggg  execse  f rasng the prne bd b ar presre pessup  eercse f rasng neself t an verhead bar pullup  hnese exercse sstes t ch chu, gg . sste f

st  explosve exerise base on in prinipes yga . series of exerises: circuit  exerise orse with hysia obs taes to be negotiate: assault curse • session of vigoros physia eerise wrkut • eerise invov ing aternae sow an fas wor fartlek wind sprnt . preiinary exer liering up, warup ises: • oning exerises: cldwn,

wardwn exhaut  prier of vehie ex hast gases: catalytic cnverter exhaution • inepiabe persist ent ehastion: chrnic atigue syn dre, yalgic encephats exhiition  ehibition showing

wor fro varios perios in an art retrspectve • ite asse ists be at the ehibition vene installatin . ehibition preview for invite gests: prvate view, vernssage • teporary hosing for an exhib ition: pavlin



• combining form ntontoloy)  existing sitation:

eitene (.g.

staus u .having no physia e istene: incrpreal .no onger e isting: defunct expet • isonert by an nex pee at: wrngft expel • combining form fuge (.g.

febifue)  epe soeone fro a property: ev ct  epe a foreigner:

deprt epn  inor epenses inciden tals  basi epense o f eeping a r rnning ncst perating ex pess veheads  epesive oog suptuus xpin  eperiene in han

ing tiy soia or bsiness sit ations savir air  enoting soe one eperien in opig with oern rban e streetwise  a short b npeasant eperiene avais uat dheure  erie fro eperiene rather than ogi:

22

epirca . experiene a seon han: vcarus experiment • expeimenta ieas in th� arts, or the peope pratising the avantgarde • eperients perfore on iving anias: vivisetin proeres of a sieni ex perient: prtcl  eat repetition of an eperient: replicatin  sa pe for eperientation specen  bateria et grown for eperienta tion culture  ite anaogos to those experiente pon, an ob serve for oparison: cntrl

expert

. combining form ician

(g statisican), ist . epert in a state e: ffin, uff .person opetent in severa es: generalst  aestheti expert: cnnsseur  ex pert in hrh aw: cannist  pane of experts: rain s trust • grop of e perts avising those in power: thnk tank .nonepert layan

explanation  provisiona expan ation hypthess . epanation of a ift wor in a text glss  e panation harer to nerstan than the probe gntu per igntius

exploe • ae epoe: detnate exploive  nitrogyerine epo sive: dynaite • exposive ae of nitrogyerine an nitroeose gelignite  powef ooress pasti  exposive eposive Setex™ ae of satpetre, sphr an har oa gunpwder  exposive ater ia in a issies warhea: paylad  epsive harge to prope a roet prpellant  eposive raiway warn ing evie: detnatr • enoting anition ontaining eposive: live  evie ativating an eposive: det natr fuse hoe bore to tae e posive last hle sht hle  shaene bar riing bast hoes   eposive sitation: pwder

kg tir

Ff fari

 woven farc etile  fa

rcs  standard engths piece gds  strong farc for ets etc: weng  thck farc for carets and uho stery: uee  hgh uaty coth ng farc: adclh  farc made from ne smooth woo wrsted farc fshe  wdeeshed  prted farc for curtans and up hostery: chz  farc wth woven ctures or desgns: apesry .farc made of two or ore dferent yarns un  thn transparent farc gauze  denotng a thn transparent farc: diaphaus, shee, raslu cen  denotg a oosey woven fa rc: pen  denotng a farc faced on oth sdes: reversle  denotng an undyed farc naural  denotng a farc wth warp and we of dfferent coours: sh  denotng a farc washed wth arasves sewashed  denotg a farc not needng ron ng drpdry  denotng a re resstant farc: flaeprf, flaale  denotg farc wth a worn surface hreadare  ong napped farc: plush  towen fa rc wth ong uncut oos: erry .fa rc wth a surface of dagona rdges wll  such a rdge wale  farc wven from ax: lie  ne trans arent ctton or nen lw  coarse farc wven fr ax r hep sackclh  farc wth a gtterng meta c thread lue  farc wth gd or sver threads la  texte re nforced y eedded gass aents fieglass gass fie  th sk or crpe farc gegee  sk farc wth a rpped effect ie, i waeed  thn stf trasparent sk farc gaza  ght ransparent

sk or nyon farc hiff  ne crsp ustrous sk affea  e so sk farc: sasane  gossy sk fa rc: sain  cosey woven sk ctton or nyon wth a so pe on one sde: velve  knd of en wth an n woven attern daask  smooth hardwearng en farc hllad  cotton or nen farc woven wth a damond pattern daper  strong rough coton or nen: huckaack  heavy cotton waterproofed wth o: lskn  heavy prnted cotton farc: crene  prnted uckered cotton farc: seesucker  hardwearng ue cotton farc: de, ean  coarse twed cotton or ne drll  thck red cotton farc: crduy . ne twed cotton ch . strong untwed cottn duck  uneached ctton: calc  thn oosey wove cotton: cheeseclh . smooth tw ed cotton or worsted: gaedene  cotton farc woven wth strpes or checks: diiy . cotton farc wth od checks: gngha . napped cot ton farc: faelee  ght anneette: wiceyee  ght cotton farcs: ace uslin  ne trans ucen cotton musn: gade . ght cotton wth a corded surface: ppli  soft red cotton farc: cadlewick  cotton got up to resem e satn saeen . coarse thck aped woen farc duffel  ne wooen sutng: arathea  tartan twed woo plaid  rough wooen farc n a secked weave tweed  so naed wooen fabrc flal  strng twed wooen farc sg  twed wrsted or cotton gadie  strong farc of woo and ctt r ne wincey .coarse

fce I f

25 hp or ax abrc: canvas .coarse jute or hep abrc: hessan • strong rough hessan: sci • coarsely woven abrc used as a oorcoverng dugget • abrc or yarn ro angora goat har ohai • tuty velvety ab rc: chenille • abrc used or dress n wounds: lint • elastcated polyur ethane ateral elastane • synthetc resn used to ake synthetc texte bres polyeste • celluose used to ake synthetc texte bres: ayon • synthetc plyer used to ake syn thetc texe bres: nylon • recyced abrc: ungo • pece o abrc cover ng the head kechie • strp o ab rc worn nsde an opennecked shrt: cavat • strp o abrc nserted to en arge or strengthen a garent: gusset • sot abrc used to pad garent wadding • trangular pece o abrc: goe . srp o gathered abrc: ill • sde o abrc tended or dsplay: ght sde • abr scraps or stung cushons etc: lock .rased reads n a abrc surace nap pe • sal hole n abr or a lace: eyelet .edge on abrc to prevent unravellng selvedge . shop sellng abrcs: dapey • abrc sape: swatch • wrap n several ayers o abrc: swathe



fae

• adjecte

acal . aca ea tures: physiognoy • appearance o • aca acal skn: coplexon wrnkle: cowsoot • red acal pples durng ado escence acne .n vountary aca twtch: tic • denot ng an expressve ace: oile .w an unexpressve ace: deadpan nscutale pokeaced • dsease caung acal swellng: ups • sod representaton o a ace ask • cosetc provng acal skn: ace ask ace pack • pcture o



soeone's ace coposed ro photo graphs o others photoit

fae

. combnng forms hedal

g decaheda) hedon g deca hedon ;  heda)

failit • basc physcal acltes nastuctue faig • combnng form wad g suthwad) wards pone

• lyng acng down • yng acng upwards:

supine fat • adjecte actual . an un aterabe ac: at accop l don ne • unpleasant act about onese: hoe tuth • basc acts about a subject udints .acts known ony by re port: heasay • n actual act: de acto • assue as a act post fator • key actor deteinant faees • combnng form copo• pece o ces: stool • sall round pece o anal aeces : pellet • eatng aeces: copophagous catophagous • dscharge aeces ro the body deecate evacuate . such an event: oveent owel oveent • dscharge oqud aeces: dahoea • dcuty n dschargng aeces constipaton • ppe takng excreent

and wate water down the sde o a budng sol stack • underground ppe or excreent and waste water: sewe • syse o sewers seweage • contents o a sewer: sewage • tank n whch sewage s e to decopose: septic tank . excrement n a septc tank: septage • epty the contents o a chaber pot: slop out • un heathy nterest n excreent and ex creton scatology failure • toal aure: asco • aure to l an bgaton deault • proo aganst aure: alsae • saety echans actvated by a chne aure alsae • peranent outdoor ar fair ground: aueent pak • revovng arground rde eygoound • arground rde wth a sharpy twst ng raway track olle coase  argrun whee Fes wheel • arground sdeshow n whch otorcyclsts rde up the nner sde o

a large vertcal cyler Wall f eath  tal sral se helter skelter  electrc bmer car

ddge fai'  adjectves euitale, eve had ed, ju st • ager at far treat met idignati  se rght a far stat redress fa  fall ctrlle by gravy y free fal fa  mbi ig fm psud( false frt pseudcarp  wrtgs whse athrsh s falsely assge

psudepigrapha fam • smee r smethg ey g bref fame e days' wder fami • adjectve failial .ar

rwest famy t csstg f a cle a ther w chre  u clear faiy • wer famy t, as clg graarets, cles, etc exteded faily  member f es kdred extee famy k, • gr f terrelate fames cla . wth the famy destic . as a famy en faille  female se f a famy dstaff side  male se f a famy spear side • female hea f a famly atealas ( atresfailias .mae hea f a famy pateailias ( patresfailias famy escet lineage • revers t earler geerats thrwack  erss earest lvg relatve ext f ki  esceat f a table famy sci  le f escet stck  famy system havg male heas patriarchy  famy sys tem hag female heas atriarch  etg a famly system ctg escet thgh the emale le atriea  etg a famy system ctg escet tgh the male le patrieal  agram shwg relatshs  a famy

faly tree geealg pedgee sta • ths shwg he escet f Chrst frm Jesse esse tree

 geealgy f a gr f gs thegny  sty f famly hsry genealgy  state ayme  a famy  lw cme faily credit  r lge a smetmes vlet lwl betwe fames feud, vedetta • valable asse   the famy

heirl fanta  fatasy w  ckage, clud cuck lad, ShagrLa, tpia, Xaadu • ers lvg  a fa tasy wr Walter Mitty fa  chea fare savr  system f rece travel fares  ffer t thse bg well  avace Apex fam • large cattle farm  Caaa r USA rach • agrcltra hlg smaller tha a farm sallhldig  etg a farm evte t m rct dairy  farm stre ar • farm stre wth a rf b  walls utch ar  farm stre fr gra r sage sil . eat cb e f hay r straw baes rck, stack  amas ke  a farm fr r lvestck  mber f lvestck  a farm

headage � see as agrculture faion • crre fash vgue  emae by fash de rigueur  catg r settg he fash directial  ers r rgazat able  ece fash taste aker  wealthy a fashable ele glitterati, haut de, high scety, sart set, scaltes, scity .acceabty amg he rba yg street credility  t f fash

dd, utded, ut f date

 elberate

abamet f crret

ashs reacti

fat

 mbiig fm

tachy (.g

acyapy) fat'  Chrsta fast befre Chrstmas dvet • Chrsta fast befre Easter Let  Mslm mthlg ast aada � see as Let fat • steel ba secre by a scew u ee ci p  shrt we

eW  fr

2

r resio: nausea 0 geera eg o ease dysphra als  geea eeing o iadeqacy nfer y plx  rosig itese eeigs ev prooked by eeings ather tha ogic: eve suecve  coneance o eeng  art or msic: exprssn ody moe met or postre take to dicate thoghts ad eeigs: dy languag  ait to share aothers eeigs: phy  estabishmet o a cose reaiosip base o shared eegs ndng  ae to ee snien  that ca be et: palpale abor ma physic sesatio parashsa  ck o eeig or cocer apahy ae o ee nu

0

0

 preteded swordthrs: fen swod ade rom midde to poit fle  sword ade rom midde to hit fre ted ecig sword pe  ight btedged ecig swor : fl  ight apered ecig swor sare k xed to a oi poit: uon  swordegth ecig stick: sngle sck  ecers acecoer  ecers chest· ask protecto pasrn  ecers ackowegemet o a oppoets hi uch Japaese ecig: knd

0

0

0

fermetato 0 cmbnng m zy 0 ezyme mix sed i erme tatio zyas 0 stdy o ermetato zyurgy fer  ers compod ea frnd flow  eowcontryma: c-  stdy o es perdlgy par 0 eow saio esa ferret  mae eret: uck, h e shpa mae erre: gll 0 yog erret k femae  cmbnng rm gyn ess (eg athess) e (eg sa fetus 0 ody id srrodg a ets: anc flud  membrae ete) rx  exectix)  emae srrodig a ts: an anchromosome X chrse 0 me ic rae cau  cor attach ic sdy o the emae ody ad its ig a ets o the aceta: ulcal iesses gynaeclgy  emae crd 0 deotig a ets abe to sr members o a amiy: dsaff sd ie otside the womb vale �ee  emae pricipe i Chiese phiso al rh chldrh phy n emae demo sedcig 0 eda dy: fealy seepig me succuus  deig feulsm  ea ord segneur ea sb ecet trogh the emae ine ject lge vassal tied teat vl ral ln 0 tied aborer se 0 grat o fem  emiie part o a mas reehod ad fffen pesonaity accordig to Jgia fever  cmbnng rm fr  a psyhoogy ana ferl 0 mosqitoore jectve e 0 ece o poite stakes pal- eer: aara 0 tropica eer with  ng  eesie ece o coseset acte joit pais dngu tropica sake pad o moae ece sec eer iectig the ier ad kideys t rdl  opework ecig la yllw fvr  iectios eer ith c ecig o sakes iterwoe red spots o the chest ad adome with raches wal  tmprary yphid  typhoidike eer: paay  ord ece hrdg  poied woode eig stake pke hd 0 inectios eer with deirim ad a prpe rash yphus o ecd area cpund o eer oowg chdirth puere attackig moe lung pral fver eer rom exposre to pas 0 ck easie moemet: excesse heat hasrk sunsrke vl 0 qck retr thrst rps  chdres ee wih a right red

0

fw I il

2

                                                                                                                                                rash scarlet fever, scarlatina  childre's feer with a raised pik rash eases  mild frm f mea sles Geran easles  chldre's feer wth swelig f the saliary glas ups  detig a feer recrrig eery secd day terian  detig a feer recurrig eery third day uatan  detig a feer with uctuatig bdy temperatures ettet  abatemet f a feer deervescence  drug reducig feer antipyetic, feifuge  sudde feelig f cld flwed by sweatig ad a sharp temperature icrease igr  disturbed metal state caused by feer deiriu  kid f feer suf fered by dgs distepe

few

 cmbinin frm:

ig .rule by a seec few igachy  iteded ly fr the scaly select exlusive

 iteded

fr a sma umber f ex perts esteric  market ctrled by a few raders ligply

 atural bes used fr mats rpes ad sacks Mani la, ute  sle-

e

der glass bre used t trasmit light

fie pics ton  cti set i a ctext f real eets factin . cti set i a cmputerdmiated sciety cyepunk .cti pardyig the gere's cets etafictin  bklegth cta arratie ne  detig life cti picaresue

 detg ppuar r sesatial c-

ti pulp .leadig character i a wrk f cti ptagnist .reme a ctial character i a dramaticaly cicg wa ite ut  see as

nve , sty e  eld plated with fruit trees rchard  eld se fr graig pas tue  eld used t make hay ead  meadw that is peridic aly ded ater ead  smal eld fr hrses paddck  rice eld paddy  seasal alterati f

mutai ad alley pasure tans-

huance fft  detig a ieth aersary glden t  cused geeral ght elee, scriage  shrt cfused ght scuffe, skirish, tussle  ght e tee tw perss single cat

 arraged ght betee tw perss

due

.ghtig i a war actin  reay t ght pugnacius

fe

 sharp

lm

 mbininfrm cine  adjeccineatic  art  makg

metal rd as a le fr papers spike .cmputer e listig ter les directry  cmpuer le haig  itera hierarchy fla ile  cmputer le giig ft a layut settigs style sheet  cmpute le ctaiig data represetig sud avetale  search dirctis fr a le path  descripti f a le's whereabuts path na  sux t a le ame extensin, file extensi  detig  le a cmputer ca ru executale  begi access t a cmputer le pen  text sred i  e dcent  recrd f le ces at a stated time snapsht  detig a search cducted thrughut a le glal  immediate data retrieal frm ay part f a cmputer le direct access  etwrk deice ctrl lig le access file seve  cm press a cmputer le fr strage zip  lik frm a hyertext le t aher le hypelink  reme materi rm a cmputer le cut  me materal withi a le r betwee les cut and paste  strae f a le er scattered segmets f the ard disk fagentatin  ed access t a cmputer le cse

ie

mtipicture lms ineagraphy  lm prtrayig real eets dcuentay  ctial lm based r rea eets dcudaa draadcuena  m's syle p

   m

30

• shor

l o nes and curren  fairs newsreel • shor l adverzng anoher: traler •  depicng police solvng a cre: pl cer • bleak and depressing l ih snging and dan fl nr • cing uscal . onnuous oun o l sho a one ie take • board ih idenicaory deals sho a the sar o each ake clapperard • shor erc ro a l clp • sngle picure in a l: frae . lis o onribuors o  l credts  eper or enhusias cneate, cneple . roo or budng equipped or lng stud • area here a l is being sho set • heeled plaor for a l caera: dlly .lile laor or a l or elevision caera crane • pole projecng he crophone over a l caera:  • lernion o contrasng shos ntercutng • scene reverting o an earlier draaic ie flasac • cnisency of dea been led scenes cntnuty . ouosudio sng for a l scene lcatn .creation of a  ro drangs or odls anatn . aniaed cartn • ing echnique siulaing naion: pxlatn • copuer pplcion lloing he cobnaion o anaed and liveacion eeens: rtscpe • denoing a ing ec niue of eposng each frae aer a ed period: telapse • visual or audiory ilusions creaed or a l efecs, speca eects . niaur ized  se for special eects: daa .echnque using specl  ters o shoot igh scenes n daylih: dayrnght . soundtrack coenary by an nseen narrator vcever  lis of ls flgrapy • cotner for a enh of  cart-







rdge, cassette, agae ree spl . at see o f  contaiig crophotographs crche .l of hch each frae is a icrophoto

graph crl • srip a he sar r end of a l leader • aoun o l: ftage • denoing l nsensiive o red: rtcratc . denong l sensiive o colours pancratc • l gving a posiive age direcly hen roessed reversal fl • adission of ligh o a l expsure .long eposure o phoo graphic  te expsure . sensiiviy o l o ligh spee • deno ng a l needng only shor eposure fas  ls ably o respond o ligh: senstvty • unused or unprocessed l: stck, fl  stck • ake eposed l sho a visible iage develp • sponess o  iage gran . device seadying he  as i passes he lens gate • l sequence phoographed connuously by one caera st . end of a l ng session wrap • processed bu un edied l: ruses . edi or abridge a l: cut • edied version of a l: cut •  produced by preliinary cuing: rugcut • secon of l oied in cuing: uttake • ove abruply fro one l age o an oher cut, upcut . cneaic e fec in hich a ne scene sees o u roll across he screen: wpe • ineai eec n hich one scene sees o el ino he ne dsslve • end of a scene by gradul drkenng of he screen: fade • nclusion o iages coenng upon he ain acion ntage • aciy arresng he age freeefrae .l capion ttle • capion a he oo  o a l frae suttle • srip a he edge of a l on hich he sound is recorded sundtrack • give a l a ne soundrack du • usic coposed for a  scre • sequenc of draings etc ouling  shos stryard • acting te o a l screeay scrpt • screenplay n cudng caea iections stng scrpt  actors d audiion:

a

fiewor ks I f i shi ng

32

   • •    •                    .  . .      •  •  •    . . .     •  •   • • •  •  • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •  • • •  •  • • • •   •                       • •      •  •   •   •         

 dvic or pickig up pics o coa

ts cotair or coal at a r plac d, scuttle rewors  djective: pyrtecic  oisy rwork ger  oisy r work usd i simulatd battls tunderfls  rwork podig high i th air rcket • smal hadhld rwork aer . smal hissig r work sui  coild rwork spi i wh lit aterie heel rs  combinng forms prt, ur-

(.g econstuct an uHamlet) • rst amp prttype  rst appar ac o a prormr deut  rst prormac preiere  rst amog quals prius iter pres • rst yar studt at a uivrsity fres a  b th rst to us peer rs  rstart o brathig artifical repirti, vetilati  pos itio i which ucoscious prsos ar pacd recvery psiti, se-





atig piscivrus  sh that has ot b cookd, smokd, or ro wet fs  sh stw rom southr Frac uillaaisse  dish o sh, ric, ad hardboid ggs kedgeree • dri d sh at with curris Bay duck  ly groud past o sasod sh pt, terre  smal bal o sasod sh ueelle • pickld sturgo ro cvr  micd sh rold i baco kr esky  dsh o y micd sh ti ale  dish o prssd sh i aspic alate • dotig sh cookd i browd buttr with lmo eure  thick slic o sh steak  rid strip o sh gu • log hi slic o sh rold ad stud paupiette • smal lat roud cut o sh dail • skwr or griig sh rcette • crablavourd stick o mid sh pics cra stck • pr srv sh by dryig or smokg cure, kpper  rmov sh trails cle, gut rmov shbos: fillet .cu tivatio o sa sh: riculture  cultivatio o rshwatr sh pisci culture • stablishmt whr sh ar brd commrcialy fishery, fs far • display tak or liv sh, or buildig cotaiig ths uariu • sh slr fiser



pre pst sh  combining forms icty(), pisc  djective piscie  youg o sh fry  larg gro up o sh scl, sal  sh ivig at th bottom • aggrssiv sharp rudli toohd sh pra .hard plat coverig a shs ski: scale • sh's lippr: fi . shs brahig orga shes  stogic term pisces ill • covr or this: perculu  • djectves pisctrial, opecula) sh sprm or sprm shng pisctry  shrmas assistat glad ilt .sh ggs: re, spaw • sh gati: isiglss • study o ille  shrmas watrproo gar sh ctyly • dotig sh mt covrig rom t to armpts with lightcolourd lsh wite  d waders  shrma's thck blu otig sh with darkrolourd sh: swatr: uersey  catch sh with red  deotg sh ha swm oe's hads uddle, tickle  sh uprive rom th sa to spaw dcaught or sport e fis . total rus .oury mad by aadro sh caught i o sssio et  sh mos sh u  chals bul to as with a bobbig ly dap .loatig ar sst aadromous sh rod atural cial ly dry fly  articial ly that obstacs fis lddr fishwy, ps siks blow th watr wet fly .ma  deotg sh tha swm dowrivr tral to mak ths dui  i to th sa to spaw cdus sc rva or bat etle, t  dotig rshwatr sh othr ha  bait hrow o th watr rudsalmo ad trout crse  sh i  sh rod's hadl stck



t I tuece

33 .sh hook weghted to stay under water: drail • backturned spke on a sh hook: ar • weght on a shng ne: sner • cynder or wndng n the ne: ree  spl .throw a bated hook r net cast  secure the hook n a shs mouth: strike .tre a hooked sh play  hooked stck or andng sh gaff • devce removng the hook rom a sh: disgrger • net or kpng sh av eepnet .an gers equpment: tacke  angers sh basket creel  stretch o water sed or shng: grund  sh by trang a ne behnd a boat: trll  shng boat draggng a arge net aong the sea bed: trawler • shng boat wth processng actes: factry ship . shng nt at drts wth the tde: dri net  shng net hangng vercay: seine • sene that can be dawn nto a bag shape purse seine  deepsea shng n: lng line  amount o s h caught over a speced perod catch  sh cap tured n a snge throw o the net: draught . person unoadng shng boats luper t  perodc oss o conscosness or convusons epilepsy t> • dnotn an objct that ts n sde another: nesting

hundredth annversary: uincenten-

ay ies

• projectng

wa n a ves

court: taur

lag . adjective vexllary  natona ag: anner engn .naona ag own at a shps bow jack .mtary or ceremona ag standard • ag o he Unted Kngdom: nin ack • ag o the Roya Navy whte ensign • a g o naa auxary vsss lue ensign .ag o Brtshregstred shps red ensgn • prate a: lly Rgr  bue ag rased by shp about to eave port: Blue Peter • sma tranguar ag urgee ong aperng ag pennant pennn • short taperng ag: guidn ong narrow ag wh a ce end ander le • banner hung rom a crossbar: gnfaln  a sgnang the end o a motor race cheuered flag  ags as street dcoratons untng  de notng a ag own beow the poetop: at half at • rope to ras a ag halyard lanyard • ower a ag: strike • study o ags: vexilllgy lame • very hot cuttng ame: therc lance . devce producng a hot ame: lwlap lwtrch lare .ar rd rom a pso ery

ght t or  combining form: wrthy lat  topoor at penthuse  at consstng o one room edsitter  rawry)   t to eat: edile . at havng one man room stud ve  combining forms: pent uin studi flat .at on two oors duuinue • vesded gure: pentaplex • at on tw o or mor oors wth gn  sod gure wth ve aces: own outsde door: asnette pentahedrn  veonted star ts . at kept or occasona use: pied pentagra pentangle  set o ve pentad • one o ve osprng born at terre  rented at ceaned by the owners: servce flat  arge bdng a brth untuplet uin  athetc dvded nto ats teneent contest wth ve events or a com pttors: pentathln • ensmbe o latter  srve atterer ycphant ve muscans or msc or thm: uintet  group o ve arranged as n a domno or payngcard uincunx  occurrng ever or astng or ve years uinuennial • ve

• excessvey or nsncerey atterng

unctuus latulence • nante atuence clc wind . medcaton to reeve atuence carinative



or l lavo r

• stog lavou ang • hav

g lttl lavou land nspd, d • thck lavoung lqu: sauce • pugt vgtabl foo lavourg: spice • a a pugt laoug to foo or k spe • comt at th plan foo to gv lavour relish . chmcal us to stgth foo lavou: flavur enhncer .la vou hac us  Chs cus  nsdu gluaae • yl lo po us to avour Asa shs urerc • bo sugar or syup us as lVO g: carael . hbs o spcs as lavour  hacs: seasnng • bag of hrbs us to lavou soups uue garn •  stps o f ctus frut pl us as lavoug: zes  ee a ase lea • opcal burog la: chg

ger jiger ee . lt of small shps: fllla • smal lt of arshps: suadrn • Spash a lt st  1588: Ar ada Flemish • Flmsh may urg aser leh • cmbg fm carn • ad jectve carnal • sstv lsh: uck .Hsh juy: wund • lshatng: carivrus • cayg lsh of a a amal carrn .upo lght glide light

• cmoal

lght ov a cta spot: lypas • fctoal lmtato o th sp of lght: hea arrier • xtm ss flt ft a ght acss tm zos: je la  tatous bhvou c i

uery oa • loat attach o h s of a cao tc: urer loat suppot g a bg: pn  oat us to as suk shps: cissn  ably to loa uyancy loo • adjectve dluval diluvan • su loo: lash ld • su v loo spae loo movg

34 onv: freshe • svr a "causng loog: deluge .mbak mt bult as a loo fc dyke • brach caus by loog: washu .lolyg aa subjc to loong: ld pl ain • l that s pocally loo: waer eadw .ch sol post by loo a: alluvu • th bblcal Floo he Deluge  oc cug bfo ths anedluvan oor • loo for prcpal cpto rooms pan nile • loor bt th ma loors enresl, ezzanne • loo of oo blocks: parue • po ctg rg alog th g f a loo boa: ngue • hollo no hch ths ts: grve .lvll lay of loo cmt: screed • loog ma tal of marbl chps st n coct errazz .Hoo covg of small pcs of sto tc arrag to mak pctus o patts: sac .accss pal  a loo rapdr lor • adjectve arnaceus .lour ma fom hol gas of hat: whleeal  ou a fom hat th som of th grm mov: wheaeal • ha gas  aft lou has b mll selna . otg lour th a a asg agt selfrasng • otg ou lackg a asg agt plan • ok lou to ough: nead low • cmbg fm rhe (eg resa) rrhea (eg menrrea), rrhaga (eg menrraia .o aply: gush • halt a o se

ower

 cmbg

fm anh-

(eg anly teay a coecton of oes lr • adjectve lral  smal lo  a compost lo ha lre . lo that kps ts colou h : relle  o of llo a hazl ts ca kin  ptals of a o crlla • os fmal oga pisil  os mal oga: saen  ccl of os o a stm o of pts o spals n a or whrl

oo I  strengthen food avou flvur enhnce • avour enhancer used n Chnese uise: nsdiu gl ute • bag of herbs used to avour soups: uuet grni • pugent vegetale food avouring: spie • chopped fresh herbs fines heres • shop sellg foreign fods delictessen • denoting food prepared in acordance with Jewsh law: ksher • denog fod unaccptable to Jew ish law: tref • denotg food cooked and then refrigerated befe distributon: ckchill . denoting food preserved n a sealed jar: pted • denoting food dried for presevation: dehydted .denotg food treated  o sta fresh nglife • denotg food hat is no onger fresh: stle, ff, rncid • denotg food that goes bad quick perishle • thaw frozen food before ookg defrst .lean or prepare food: dress • cut food to small cubes: dice • fr food brie to brown the outsde: sut sel . fr food brie stirrg to avoid browning stirfry • dp food brie into boig water: scld • add spces to food: sesn • nel ground past of seasoned meat or sh: pt • sprnkle lqud over food drizzle • spr kle fd with lour or sugar: dedge dust • thin lne o f cream or icing decoratg food piping . enrh food • denotg with vitamins: frtiy foodstufs that are new and wil not keep: fesh • denotng foodstuffs that are urrentl available fresh n ses • denoting food covered wh grated cheese or breadcrums and browned: u grtin grtin . denoting food cut into short th strps: uliene . denotg food served on sp denotg foo ach: flrentine served n browned butter: eunire  denotg food served wth whte grapes: rniue • denotng food soused n sprts and set alht: f  set food alght thus: fle

136

• denotg

food broned quck at hgh temperature: sered • denotg food cooked with spic seasonng: devilled • denoting food ooked  a pas case: en crute • denotg food ooked and seved  a paper • denotg wrapper: en ppillte food that is uooked, or ooked in the smplest wa: u nturel .denoting food cooked  the simplest wa: nne fee • denotg food  cooked n ider and cream nrnde • dentg fod prepared b a rstclass chef: crdn leu • denotg food that ma be prepared quickl: instnt • denotg food pre seved n bre: crned sused • denotg food preseved b dring dected • denotg fod soaked  a marnade: sused • denoting food modied to be unfattening diet • de noting food free from rich gredients: light . denoting food that is hard to dgest: hevy . (of food) be tasted again after bg swallowed: repet • denoting foodstfs produced with out artial chemicals: rgni .de noting food with no nutritonal value innutritius • rolled food: rulde • smal amount of food, rolled n breadcrumbs: crue • food grlled on a skewer: ke • food coated n batter and fried: fritter • shn oatg on food: glze • tough piece of bre n food: string . constituent of a dish: ingredient • person who eos ne food and drk n vivnt n viveur epi-



cure gstrne gund guret • creatue eaing a knds of • sheatg creafood: nivre ture: piscivre . creature eatg no meat or sh vegetrin • reature eatng no anmal products: vegn  creature eatng on frut: fruitrin • anmal eatng ol plants: herivre

 eatng

on one kd of food: nhgus  eatng raw food: phgus  person provding

37 food pofessionay catee puveyo • food hee fo use  he abe chafng dsh . lis of foos eaen or o b eaen det • seie food by gamma adate diaion • elecic ginde fo wase food wastedsposal unt • food poisoning otuls salonelloss • ys eggs on food flylow • bing up swaowed food egugtate .food aegy wih n itching sh: hves neleash utcaia • bsenion fom food: fast .food nt ging essnil nouishen nutent . denoing foods ich in hese: nuttous . lck of pope o scien food alnutton • hin o wek hough ack of food eacated • undenouishmen causng ow weigh  aasus . sudy of food and is use  nutton • sech bou fo food foage • eies of ognisms ch depending on he nex fo food food chan • inte ocking sysem of hese: food we • heed food oley hostess tolley . cedi ouche exchanged for food luncheon vouche • esblishmen seing fee food o he poo soup ktchen • exeme scaciy of food

foot  foe

• ichy sweng cused by cod chl lan • speciis eing he fee chopodst podatst • cosmeic emen of e fee pedcue • cn-

ing he soles of he fee as a punish men o fo of oue astnado foota • pimiie fom of fooba payed a Eon Colege: wal gae

� see ao socce foota oo • seecion of mches n  poos enty pe • pyen shed beween pool wines dv-

dend footwear • woodensoled foowea clogs • idge on he sole of foowe: cleat . ligh foowe wih  scny uppe sandals • sippe wih soe and sides n one piece occasn � see ao sandal shoe ford . fobid by w posce . fobidden by soci cusom taoo force .foce acing a body owds  lge one gavty . otoy oce toque • foce moin on objecs ouwds centfugal foce . foce mong oaing objecs inwads centpetal foce • fce hodg qus, neuons, and poons ogehe wihin he nucleus stong foce . foce noed n he decay of nucei weak foce • ae in whic a oce is effecie feld • using force focle • obin by foce extot • foce upon pose • impeus gined by  moing objec oentu . mmenta) .endency of  body o ain saic o in moion un ess ced upon by an eena force

fane  see aso puddn g sauce foot . combin ing forms: pedi _g_ pedcure), pod(e g artrpd) • diided foo of ce, sheep, ec cloven hoof  eneny wised foo clu foot • hing n injued foo lae . hg inuned fee pgeontoed • foo bones etatasus • ch of h foot: nstep • dnoing  foo wih  low ch flat _ denong neta the soles of he fee planta • ni hing o fee ped • ni ha forehead . ajective fonta ing fou fee quaduped _peson foregn . combin ing form xenogoing on foo pedestan • insu• snge nd foeign exotc • fomen esmaing h disance led on foo pedoete • gip fo he fee foothod footng . w gowing on fee veuca • sa panl ae of hickened skin wat • pnf sweling on he big oe join unon

in gi who does doesic wok in eun fo keep nd Engish lessons au pa . residen foeigne alen • ra setd by foeines colony • expe  foeigne: depot • fe o ed of foeies xenophoia

re I fowl

 peson

iving in  foeign couny: exptrte  foeign embssys fee dom fom oc s: extrterrtrl-

ty  foemns depuy: foreman chrgehad forekn  congeni noness of he foeskins opening: phmss  emov of he foeskin: crcumc s oret  adjectve: sylv  dmp  open opic foes: rfrest spce in  foes: glde  sip of foes ceed o hmpe es: frere

 myhic

d mn of he foes:

gree m frgivene piess scmen fogveness of confessed sins: sut fork  oponged gicuu fok: ptchfrk  ge oponged me fok carvg frk  fok shp pog: te orm  com forms mrph (eg mrply), mrph (eg etmrp), mrphc (eg antrpmrp)

ormua  adjectve: frmulac fort  cos defence fo Martell twer  sm cocee fo: lckhuse pllx ortication  focion of ooden skes: plsde stckde

 pojecing

focion hee o s meet  n g: st  oue foicion utwrk colckhuse cee oticio  udegound foied shee: u ker  foied shoe e estblished  n invde: echhe  denoig  foticion ht co e cp ued impregle one  piece of uexected good foue: wdfll  uexpeced u of goo foe: z  chce deveopmen of evens in  foute  seredpity  eec smug o

38 ones good foune: glat  objec hough o bing good foune: talsma  nim ec kep o bing good foune msct . souce of  fo une: x  chnge of foune: stu de • exeme poin of  foune:

dr ortune teing  foune eing fom dems: ermcy foune eing fom ines on he hnd: plmstry chrmcy foune eling fom pying cds crtmcy  foue eing fom he ss: astrlgy  foune eing by ding os srtlege  foune ees gobe: crystl l  foe he fuue by hs: scry  cd pck used in foune eing Trt oard  com form pr(eg prtrue)

 foss used o de suounding s dex fssl  fue deived

oi

fom fossied emins fssl fuel  sudy of fosss: pletlgy

four

 com forms: udr

 foufod:

tetr-

udruple  hving fou ps: udrprtte udruple  fousided gue: udrlterl

 one of fou offsping bon   bih:

udruplet ud  fouegged nim: udruped . fouine vese sn: utr  se of fou urtet

 goup of fou oks ih eed

hemes: tetrlgy  enseme of fou musicins, o music fo hem urtet urtette  fouck seeophonic sound: udrphy   fou idenic copies  udruplcte  ou hundedth nivesy: utercetery  peod of fou  occuing es udreum eve, o sing fo, fou yes: ud-

reil w  jectve gllceus femle fol: he  me fol: cck cckrel  oung fo: chck chicke  oug hen: pullet .cock ed fo ghtig: gecck  cs

enc I t

140

 Frnch holidy hous gte  Frnch moorwy auto roue  Frnch public urinl issoir  Frnch pris ur  il of 

Frnch bbo or (s  coursy) of ny Frnch crgmn abb  Frnch poicmn gendarme  Frnch ongrouer disnc lorry drivr  Frnch ky psry roll rossan  Frnch so whi chss Brie, Camember  Frnch so bu oquefort shpmilk chs  Frnch yoghurik chs from age frai  Frnch gos chs hvre  Fnch osd sndwich wih chs nd hm roque monsieur  Frnch pnck re  Frnch bf sw grllae  Frnch soup wih bf nd gbls ot aueu  Frnch muton cssro navarn . Frnch sw of m nd bns assoulet . sh sw from bouillabasse souhrn Frnc  smll Frnch rsurn bstro  Frnch shop sllng cold cookd ms harutere  Frnch nisdvourd prifs ass Pernod™  Frnch brndy ogna  Frnch ass bckcurrn iquur  Frnch vinyrd domane  group of Frnch vinyrds ru  dscripion wrdd o a Frnch win gurning is orgin nd mhod of pro ontrle ducion aellaon

aellation

dorgine

onrle

 cgory of wins or vinyrds r  Frnch bows boules anque  Frnch woodn sho ao  Frnch sodirs pkd cp ke  Fnch rgmn for forign-

rs oreign egon mmbr of this legonare  Frnch rsistnc ghtr maq maqa  Frnch bhding mchin glone  Frnchwomn knitting by th guilo tin roese  cr covying vicims to h guioti mrl  Frnch highkicking dnc anan  Frnch mdiv pot roaour

trouvre  Frnch pic pom hanson de geste  Frnch nm for souhrn Frnc Md . Frnch ddeartment minisriv rgion .Fr�nch suburb faubourg .Frnch lw llgdly xcuding fms from dynsic succssion Sal law

friction

. mbin ing form

rbo

 crion o n lcric chrg y fric

ion trboeletrty mon of igh b somhing rubbd or scrchd trboumnesene

frien  sk somons frindship ultiate frog  adjective batraan  frogs  frog ggs sawn young fry  il frog rv tadole front . combining form fore (.. frebran) . fron of  bulding fa �ade  fron of n rmy vangard  fron of  f of ppr reo fruit  combining forms frut ar  sml sonss frui so frut  hrd dry fri nut  frui of h ok aorn  hwhorn frui haw

 ropicl

frui usd in chunys mang  grnshd frui wih bck sds kw fruit  orngik frui wih sw rind nd sour pup kumqua  dnoing frui of h orng yp trus  fruit ron bfor i is rip medlar  frui blown down by h wind windfall  compc clusr offrui on on slk russ  n powdry dposi found on h surfc of crin fruis bloom  fruis our covring hul  ough outr skn of crin fruis rnd  so shy pr of frui ul  hrd sd of crin fruis stone  covr ing of  fruit sd endoar  fruigrowing omulre  sudy of fruit growing omology  dnoing

fruit made shiny by preservation in sugar: gla  (of blossom) form ino fruit : se • ripening of frui maturaion  squeeze frui o extrac he juice : pres s • sour j uice obtained

fy I futue

4

•

from fruit verie cream of iqud zed fruit re  dsh of mixed choed fruit madoine dish of fruit cooed in sru omoe  frut boied in sugar onserve, re serve . natura sugar found n fruts and hone: rose  fruit sugar used as a setting agent ein hard fruitsn used as a water container gord . sma fruit  used n gen etic research drosohila  erson eatng ony frut riarian sho seing frut rierer stud of frut nd seeds aroogy . ght fruit baset nne .dsease caused b absence of fresh frut and vegetabes from the diet srvy

•

•

r

•

 fr food bre to brown he out

side: sa, seal  fr fod brie strring to avoid browning sirry

ue

 fue derve from fossiized re

mains ossil el

jet fue kero sene, arain oi  faure of fue to ignite in the cinder misire

u

 combnng form en _g.

purulen)

• ombnng

unction

form

ae

.g elecrae), re .g judcaure)  erforming no usefu functon re

dndan und  ooed fund of mone kiy funds hed b the Brtish govern ment Eheqer  funding for rs rojects venr aia  decen trazed funding in the Natona Heath Service inerna marke imunded fund roen asses  inadequate funding shoesring  receiving no outsde funding inde enden  erson rovding funding aron, sonsor . guarantee fnd ing: nderie  having funds n ex cess of ones iabiies solven unera jectve nerary .fu nera ocession orge .music or ths dead marh be rung for this kne .funera aent dirge  vehce for the con hearse  er

•

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son carrng the con allbearer framewor on whch a cofn ma be set or carried bier, aaalqe coth sread over the bier al ubc exoston of a corse lying insae funera rtes: eeqies, obseqies ceremona attendant at these: me . mitar funera cere monies miiary honors bge ca at mtar funeras las os na deostng of the corse after a funera ommial buria with a rorate rtes inermen urnng of the dead remaion ace for this remaorim  container for a dead ersons ashes aske  tomb nscriton eiah reative or frend attendng a funera moner bac cohes wrn at a funera morning  mourners bac arm band ree erson engaged to or ganize a funera nderaker, nera

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direor ungus

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 combnng form: myo jectves ngoid, ngos ed

ibe fungus growng underground rle fungus cutvated on graes boryis, noble ro  funga growth mold  whtsh funga coating mil dew  funga disease of trees o r fruit anker  fungusderived roen myoroein stud of fung myol ogy . nhibitng fungus ngisai  iing fungus ngiidal

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fur

 anmas

coat of fur el  cou fur nria stoats whte fur ermine sho seng furs rrier

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furnace furnace for mang stee: bas rnae • furnace for arge scae chemca rocesses reor  furnace for ring otter kiln  frnace for rubbsh inineraor urniture  set of furniture sie . xed iece of furniture imen furniture ermanent attached to the buding containing it ire tem of furniture designed to t with others ni .iece of furniture to

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rnt I  hod overcoas, umbreas, ec hal stand . freesandng se of drawers hest of drawers .was·hgh se of drawes and cupboards sdeboad  sdeboard wh sheves above dresser Wesh dresser  sheved sand for ornamens whatnot  wr· ng desk wh a ap and drawers beow bureau  wrng desk wh drawers and comparmens es toire seretare  a wrng desk wh sde drawers davenort  a ches of drawers taboy  cabne for eevson or rado equpmen onsoe  sofa wh arms and back hesteed curvng ouwards  sofa open a one end haise ongue  Sshaped sofa soable . ow up hosered sea whou back or arms ottoman  uphosered foosoo ouffe ouf  kneeer wh book· res: redeu .furnure em con· anng a conceaed chamber po ommode  sma whee xed o fur nure astor  wheeed board used o moe heavy furnure skate  make furnure ook worn dstress  ornamena bracke onsoe  de nong furnure bu for he dmen· sons of he room  occupes ftted  denong furnure sod dsassem· bled fatak  denong furnure desgned for nfrequen use oa sional  woodworker makng furn· ure abnetmaker  wood nay dec orang furnure maquetry  gan grass whose woody sems are used o make furnure bamboo  plant pam sems used o make furntue ratan  wllow wgs paed o make urnture wiker wikeork  so paddng atached o furnure: ho sery  thn cord decoratng uphol sery: iin  ed removable

142 covers

uphosered furnure: loose overs  arge coh or cover ng furnure dust sheet  sheen on poshed furnure atin .frn· ure beee or he damage  causes wodworm  ne wood poder e by woodworm acvy frass  un· waned furnure umber ransfer of furnure o anoher propery re  mova . dsposa of furnure ear

ane fus

for

;

 fuse

deonang a bomb a a prese dsance from s arge rox  mty fuse  acvae a fuse arm  remove a fuse defse  a of gunpowder acng as a fuse rain

 

future .possbe sequence of fuure evens ontngeny senario .ex· peced sequence of fuure evens: out look roset  showng poena for he fuure romising mens for he fuure ison on tingey an  beef tha he s xed determi nism  fataism ex· pecaon of he bes otmism  condeny opmsc sanguine  expecaon of e wors essmism

 a

some

ndene fuure dae maana  ndcaon of some fuure even: omen ortent resage  asroogca foreca o future evens: horosoe  knowedge of fu·  ure evens: resiene  goomy feengs abou he fuure foreboding  resentiment quam  aeged ab· ; y o foresee he fuure seond sght "  person camng to foresee he fu· ure rohet seer soothsayer   orecas o fuure evens redition

1

rognosis rognostation roe  tio n rohey  force sad o conro fuure evens destiny

Gg

 . .    .    . . . . .  .  . . .     .    . .  . . . .. . . . . .  . . . . . .  . . . .      . . . . . .  . .   . . .  . . .  .  . .  .   . . . .  . . .        .      . .         . .     . .      .       .    

ga . jiv gaactc ga adde . iig or coe  sall hard ass foring in the gall bladder gallstone . Xray exaination of the ga bladder: cholecystography  surgical reoal of the gall bladder chol

cystectomy gaer  usicians galley

lo

.exterior gallery on  upper oor:

logga gaOWS . trapdoor bene�th a gal lows drop gaming . roo or buiding for gabling gaes asno . person in charge of a gabling table crouper . colectie aount of stakes laid: poo  gabling gae with a ball dropped onto a reoling wheel rl ee  gang achine showing dif ferent cobinations of fruits frut machne . gaing achine token

etton game . childrens hopping gae hopscotch  chldrens gae of peeping out fro hidng peepbo peekaboo  childrens chasing gae tag  gae of throwing sticks or bas at a wooden duy Aunt Sally  ge of dropping sticks into a sea Pooh stcks  gae of throwing rngs oer uprigh pegs: quots

 gae of throwng rings oer pres: hoopla  gae of cachng a top on a

tautened string dabolo . gae of skiing tones oer water ducks and drakes . game of sliding stones acoss ice crng  gae of tossing sall bbles acks  gae of throw ing a wooden isc at nine wooden ps: nnepns skles .gae of throwing a har at ten plastic



skittles: tenpn bolng . gae of knocking balls through hoops cro quet  gae of throwing a ball against wals: fves  gae using rackts to hit a ba aganst was squash  this using basketlie rack ets a aa, peota  gae of throwing a ball against a persons legs French crcket  gae of hitting a ball and aking a ccuit of outeld bases: rounders . tea bagae played by swers ater polo  Irish gae reseblng hocke: hur ng . hockeylike gae played with netted sicks: lacrosse . hockeylike gae played on horseback poo  cobat gae with shot paint capsules pantball . gae of loopng string between the ngers cats cra dle  gae of puing wrapped ob ects out of a barel: lucky dp  gae of taking tickets out of a eoling tom bola . gae of ipping plastic disks into a container tddlynks  gae of sliding coins across a board: shovehafpenny  gae of reoing pegs fro a boad soltare . gae of reoing one ite fro a pile without disturbing the others: spllkns . gae of guessing a word fro acted clues cha ades  gae of sayng which thi ble etc coers an object: thmblerg  gae of nding rhyes or a gien word crambo .gae of writing a story by turns consequences  wa gae played on aps kregspel  electronic gae of looking after a pet tamagotch  cad gaes won by gaining tricks bid contract brdge, solo hst  card gaes won by ganing the ost tricks action brdge pquet whst  contro for



�               1  9                                                                                                                           copered video gaes nsole  even score a he end of a gae raw, ie  denoing a player illegaly in fron of he ba ffsie  disadvantage iposed for breach of rles enalt  pace here a player or piece s safe hme  forgo ones rn of play as  se of gaes: rbber .leave a gae reir .frher pay alloed o avoid a dran gae etra ime  gae o decide a chapionshp: layff  ca for rce in a chdrens gae a  payer ho sets p scoring opporniies: lay maker  skill a gaining he psy chologica advanage in play games

mansi game'  gae killed dring a hning session bag  denoing gae sfcenly decoposed o cook: high ganne  gannes breding colony: gannery garen  garden groing food for doesic se kihen garen  garden grong food for sal marke gar en  garden here plants are gron for sdy bani garen  garden for edicinal herbs hysi garen

 formal

garden ith pahs beeen sall hedged loerbed: kn gar en, arerre  garden designed o reqire inial irrigaion erisap  neven garden bed ith large dec oraive sones rkery, rk garen  garden area devoted o bshes: shrbbry  garden sheler alve,

arr, bwer, avilin, mmer hse  garden paVilion ith vi blvr, gaeb  garden trellis arc rgla  ornaental hedgeclipping n a garden iar  gardn's snken perieter a: haha, nk n e  art o grdening hr lr  soiss ortctre hrni  diggig to to spades depth bl iggng  shalo rro ade for seeds ril  hnd too aking holes or seeds ibbr, bbl

 sa

ranscen pancover: lhe  ong poyhenecovered cloche lynnel  prning cip pers seaers  clipping bshes ino ornaena shapes iary  narro spade for prooing eeds: sd, sder  gardening achine  for breaking p grond ulivar,  iller  gardening sring: filis  gardener's shallo baske rg  con  srcion of ornaenal gardens:

lansae garening gaan  sspended garand fes  n  gar  adjective alliaes  sec ion of a bb of garlic: lve  se of cloves blb, hea  garic ayon naise aili gas  adjective gass  agined gas shoing no rregariies: ieal  gas .largely nreacive gas nbl  gas, rar gas  gas casing severe r  riation to he ees: ear gas fl kind of ear gas CS gas  gas in j he dgesiv ract flatlene, win . folselling gas: mehii, efl  vim . socaing gas fond n ines hkam  gas forerly hoght o ll all space eher  ain consien of naral gas: mhane

 refrigeran and aeroso ga harf

o he oone layer hlrrar bn  gases sed o repace his:

hrhlrflrarbn, hr flrarbn  gas absorbing infra red radiaion: grnhs gas

 ethanebased

gas fond in arge ndrgrond deposits naral ga  gas brner sed in laboratories: nsen brnr  gas ovns eperatre setting mark  gas ets l inescen cover manle . gas je kept brning to light ohers: il ligh  discharge of gas misin  terinate he gas spply  ff  gas ask rirar  gas storage tank gamer  gas store at he end o a pipeline: rminal  gasred ate eater gr  hange fro

g  geology

45 gas to a liqd: onense • hage fro lqid ito gas: evaorate .allowg the passage of gas: ermeable ervous • operated by gas pressre neumat • istruet easrig gas presse: manometer e

ometer gate

• revolvg

gate:

turnstile

• forted gate: barban • back gate: ostern • sa gate set to a larger oe wiket • sldig gate cotoig a low of ater: slie slue gate

gauge • gage for narrow gaps: eeler gauge mirometer gear .extra high gear: overdrve

• gear aowig each drive wheel to

revolve at a derent speed; ieren tial • vehcle gear prevetg oveet: ark  gear syste casig the parts to revolve at e sae speed before egageet: synhromesh • bar or wheel with agled teeth perittg oeet i oe drectio oy rathet .partclar cycle gear rato: see • syste changig cycle gears by ovg the chai: deralleur • disegaged positio of the gears: neutral • devce egagig ad disegagig otor gears: luth  (of a gear) engage with aother gear:

mesh gatin • atual gelati fod  sh: isnglass .vegetarias' sbstitte for gelat: agar gem • precios or seprecs stoe gemstoe • sde of a ct ge: faet • ge that s polsed bt ot faceted: abohon • ge with a icsed desg: itaglio • bght green ge: emeral .deep red ges gar net ruby . reddsh orage ge: a inth • aciet Eyptan ge ct  the fo of a beetle: sarab .enotig a cut g: rough • place a ge  a out set • close settig of ges: av • ge set  its o: soli taire • pce f etal ito whch a ge s set: settig • gectter: lai

• revolvg

devce cleag gestoes: umbling barrel • che polshg ges: laing ma hine .art of ge engravng: gly

ary

togray geneti  thread like gee strcte: hromosome

gn

• adjetive

• selfreprodction of geetic aterial relaton • rplaceet of de-

ective genes: gene theray . laboratory genetic apulatio: geneti engineering .atral coyig of geetic forato transrition  alterative for of a gene alee . chage i gene strctre: mutation  sbstace casig this: mutagen  gene so chagd mutant • rearrageet of geetc aterial: re ombination • denotig a geetic characteristc anested eve when inherited fro oly one paret: dom nant • deotig a geetc characterstc aested oy when inherited fro both parets: reessive • pre dctio of a fte chd's geetc disorders: genei ounselling

gnias • exteral getals u ena . feale exteral getals: • ale external geals: vulva eis testiles • ilaation of the vulva: vulvitis • sclar tbe leadig fo the feale getals: va gna • cove oe's geitals e ose oneself • psychologcay dced desire to display oes geitals: eibitionism .dsplay oes getals briely flash • aal stmlatio of the gentals: masturbation  spport for the ale geitals: ath leti su or okstra .decoratve poch for the ale geitals: oiee • disease causig gental aatio heres smlex

genuine

• rove

or test that soe-

thg s gee authentiate

goog • datig of geologcal eas: hronostratigrahy geohronology

em we  f

47 gems immue • breedng ground for germs idus . havng an ad equate mmune sstem immuo ometet .lackng his immuo omromised • bodl inablt to resist germs immue defiieny, im munodefiey . medical deactivation of the mmne sstem immuo suressio • sud of immunit immunology • germking ati

seti,

disifetat,

germiidal

• bods automatic reaction to germs defee mecaism • denoing

medical treatmen hat is effective aganst a variet of germs broad setrum • blood proten counteract ing germs atibody • denotng germs presen but ot causing fec tion latet • free of germs disifet . substance destroing germ  germi ide • perso o r anmal ansmiting germs b which the ae no affeced



arrier germ waare • denoting germ warfare bateriologial , biologi al

• German polite form of address to a man Herr • German poite

German

form of address to a maried woman Frau • German poite form of address to an unmried woman Frulei . German schooeavers' examnation abitu • German e bread umerikel . German pork saus age braurst • German dsh of   chopped pickled cabbge sauer kraut • German dr white ine ok • German spaklng white wne Sekt • German wine made wih atepicked grapes Stlese • German wne made wih seected atepicked grapes Auslese .Ger man wie made from grapes picked wih ice on them Eiswein . Eisweie or Eiswins) . German po tato gin sas • German cherr band kirs, kirswasser • Ger man carawaavued queur km mel • Germa leather shorts leder ose • Geman shepherd dog

• motorwa

in German speakng countries autoba . Ger man central ban Bundesbak • title of he former German em perors Kaiser . tile of a German dictator under Fascism frer • head of the German govenment Caellor • lower house of he Ger man parliament Budestag • upper house of the Germa paiamet Budesrat . German maor burgo master • German air force uaffe • former German torpedo boa Eboat .former German sub marine boat • former German armoured unit aer • German prisoerofwar camp for ocers Oag • German prisonerofwar camp for oher ranks Stalag • Ger man casle sloss • mmigrant worker in German Gastarbeiter • German povnce ad . Lne) • elf in German foklore kobold • German measles rubella • Germa hmn o i music orale • Ger man soo song lied . liede) • Germa hreehanded card game skat • veracuar language of orh Ger man ow Germa . itera Ger man Hig German . German tadiional tpeface Fraktur

Alsatia

gesture .use of gesres gestiu latio ghost • jecte setral • ghost hat throws hngs about oltergeist

• ghost

double of a ving perso doelgnger • ghost image of a perso seen near their time of death wrait • ghoste gure aaritio .appearance of a ghost visitation • ghostl emanation from a medim durng a seance etolasm • obser ver's shadow projected oto clouds

Broken setre gi . gft given as a memeto kee sake • person givng a gt door • person receng it  do ee, reiiet • gt of fndng edwmet

.... .i.  .  . . . . . . .   . .  . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .   . . .  . .  . . .  . . .   48 gir • vgoously bosteous gl: tmby gie .peson ho gves dnr  gvng o gven geneousy liberal • n closest possble fullent of a donos ntentons yres denot ng a gft able to be handed on to othes transferable . efuse to gve

withhld gie awa • that cannot be gven aay: inalienable gacier • deep cack n a glac e revasse  ce dge on a glace sera • loose sno at the op of a gla ce firn nv . ateal deposted by a glace mraine • ate fo a eltng glace meltwater  ateal caed aay by ths utwash gadiator  gladato ghtng th a net and tden retiaris . reiarii) gand  combiningfom: aden .. adenma)  adjectie glandular • gland poducng antbodes thymus



 gland poducng dgestve uce and nsuln: anreas  gland contol

lng goth thyrid • glands contol lng goth and developent ituit ary, thyrid • gland lubcatng te ha and skn sebaeus gland  gland poducng lk mammary gland  gland poducng ova vary • gland eleasng a ud coponent of seen rstate • gland poducng  gland poducng spe: testis teas larimal gland  gland podu cng une kidney • denotng glands secetng dectly nto the blood: endri ne • denotng glands secetng onto an exteo suface: erne  dsease causng sellng of the lyph glands glandlar fever gana ee • hepesvus causng glandula feve Estein

arr vrs agow  adjectie Glaswegan ga • cobin ing fo hy vtr  lke o contanng glass vtres • lookng lke glass hyaid vitrfrm

 bght

clea glass: rystal  thck qualty glass late glass  glass poued on to olten etal flat glass • glas stengthened aganst splnte ng saety glss  sheet of glass ane, light  daondshaped pane of glass quarry • thn glass potectng a coscope specen versli . glass shaped to concentate o ds pese lght lens  lens sepaatng hte lght nto a spectu of colous rism . atchakes and jeeles agnfyng glass lue  nao necked glass contane fask  glass contane fo plants o sall eptles: terrarium . glass contane fo sh and ate plants aquarium  block contanng coloued glass millefiri • glass scaps fo ecyclng ullet  denotng tanslucent gass: frsted • denotng sooth tansucent glass grund  denotng glass that s ne the tanslucent no tanspaent: aque • becoe glassy vitrify  daken glass: smke • od fo hand lng olten glass ntil • shape olten glass by a pessue blw  scu on olten glass sandiver . supply and t panes of glass: glae  peson dong ths glaier • fae holdng ndo glass sash • sup potng stp beteen panes: glaing bar  tanssson of lght sgnals along ne glass bes ibre tis • slende glass bes used fo nsaton: gass wl • textle etc e nfoced by ebedded glass laents: fibreglass, glass fibe  ta nao ne glass flute • slende pat of a ne gass beteen bol and foot stem . shallo steed glass e • onate dnkng glass: gb let  lage ounded dnkng glass: • dnkng glass th blln staght sdes and no handle o ste tbler • achne polshng glass: lang ahine • potectve at placed nde a dnkng glass:

str dr mt

glider I god

149

glider

. lunch o  glider by  powered ircr's pulling i: aero towing

glove

 glove

wih  lrge wris gurd: gantlet  glove housing he our ngers ogeher: mien  glove hrown own s  chllenge: gage  knigh's rmoured glove: gantlet

low . glowing hrough he: nan• glowing wihou he esen lminesent, floresent, phosphorsent

gloe

I

deciency in he blood: hypglaeaemia

" go

 glucose

 go

cross traverse  go bck: regress .go beyond ee! over shoot

goat

aprine, hirine  mle go bk, i ly goat .emle go oe, nanny goat . young go  ki .gile mounin go: hamois  group o gos flok  go's mm mry glnd: er . gos wooy co: fleee .ne so goa wool ashmere  bric mde rom go hir mohair  ne goskin or bind ings moroo  astrologicl term: apriorn

god

 jectves:

the  jectve ivine . god or goddess: eity  becoming  god apotheosis, eifiation, theosis  suggesing  gds presence: nminos  woodlnd god: satyr fan  creorgod: emirge  a he gods o  priculr reigion pantheon  king  god: eiie .re or consider s  god: eify  rule by  god: theoray  ge o  god: iol  oerng mde o  god: oblation  belie n  sngle god: monotheism, monism  offerng o reverence o one go onl whils conceding h ohers exis: henotheism, monolatry  belie in h xisence of wo gods itheism  belief in mny gods polytheism .Hebrew nme or  combning form

 our God: Jehovah, Yahweh chrcer represenion o his Tetragrammaton 0 belie h God creed he world bu hs hd no ur her involvemen wih i: eism  be lie h Go creed he wod nd connues o be cive in i: theism  belie h God is idenicl wih he creed universe: pantheism  beie h God is greer thn he creed universe, bu inerpeneres i:  God's permnen panentheism presence in he universe: immanene  God's permnen exisence ousie he universe: transenene .iv ine nervenion in humn irs: thergy  belie h here cn be no sure evidence o  god's exisence: agnostiism  blief in God based upon reson no revelion: eism  beie h here is no god atheism  sudy o religions hving gods theology  rnk o he gods: netar  drink poure ou in oering o  god: iba ton food of h gods ambrosia  blood o he gods: ihor  genelogy o  group o gods: theogony  wr beween gods theomahy . god's p pernce o humnkind epiphany, theophany  gods ppernce n humn orm inarnation . denoing  god king niml orm zoo morphi . denoing  god king humn orm: anthropomorphi  pgn emle eriliy gure: earth mother  chie o he ncien Greek gods: Zes  his consor: Hera  n cien Greek god o ocks nd hers Pan  chie o he Romn gos Jpi ter  his consor: Jno  Romn household gods: lares an penates  supreme god in Scndinvin myh ology: Oin  hunder god in Scndinavian myhology hor  goddess o dsiny in Scndinvin myhology Norn  speech or wriing showing disrspec or  god: basphemy  disrespecul remen o  reli gous em or plce sarilge  ee

d I oos

50

 scoring  scoring

by hoes on math lay  ology, rinity by strokes taken medal lay, stroke lay  golfer's core of gold  combining form aur .lump one stroke uner par birdie  golf of gold: nugget  god in soid bars bullion  go beaten thin for gding ers score of one stroke over par bogey .number of strokes above par gold leaf  god hel to support a currency: gold reserve  measure of eeded by a player hadia  d purity for god arat  fabuous noti a payer's score adjuted for place  of go  Dorado, Gol this net  denoting a player ith a onda  imagine substance turning zero handicap srath hoe(s) unbae meta to gold hilosohers payed when a match has been decided bye  golfcu ar nineteenth stone .utensils mae of go late hole .oat it gold: gild . prty gilded  femae gonad ovary arelgilt  person makig go ar- gonad  male gonad testis icles goldsmith  stmp on gold attesting purity: hallmark  enoting a good  highest good: summum rock or mineral containing god aurif bonum  exceptionally good egre \ erous  trough separating go from gious .just good enough assable ore: sluie  aoy of gold ad siver  tig partly goo a pary bad elerum  goldlike alloy of copper urates egg . making a feigned isand zinc inhbek play of virtue anting, ious golf  golf payed on a small course goods  goods used to make others ith and utt  golfer's assistat aita goods  goos for sale mer addie  golfer's baggy kneelength handise  goods reguary kept by a trousers: us fours  golf club it business stokintrade  goods ina thick soping head ood  golf tened for the purchaser's use o club ith a ther slopig head iron sumer goods  goods designed for  golf club with a th straight head quick use and replacement onsum utter  small support for a golfer's abes .longasting goods urables 1 . promotiona goods merhandise  ball he the rst shot is take for each hoe tee  area of evel ground  misceaneous goos bought as a here this shot is taken tee  take unit: ob lot  slighty fauty goos this shot tee o  curving shot: fade seonds  smugged goos ontra   strike the ball above its centre thin, band  enoting goos in saeabe to  stroke taking the bal to the condition merhantable .denOting goods mae impefect by retaer  · e u  stroke taking the bal to hading shosoiled  enoting  the right slie high shot lo  turf disoge by golfer's stroke: goos immeiatey availabl  stok  presentation of goos a the point of divot .clear area leaing from the tee to the hoe fairay ong grass sae: merhandising . list of goods rou the airway: rough  point he inentory  batch of goos on  where the ball stops ie  gong b- signment  trasport of goods: struction hazard  sandle h freight, haulage ist of goos car o: bunker  smooth area wth very rie on a vehce waybil  ship or short grass surouning the hoe acrat carrying goos freighter green  gente stroe to rol the all  wooen patform for stacking goos utt  circuit of pay at a golf course et . arge oreouse for good round  stanard umber o sroes wreho us e  ocument accompany- ' requed or a roun or hoe ar ing a lvery of goods:  docket so essene, Mass, religion, the

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:

� l'

 n  gr tissue taken from a donor of the same species homogra  graft of tissue taken from a donor of a dfrent species eterogra, xeogra gran  combiningform gra . ad ecive graular .tied bundle of cut gran stalks: sheaf  group of sheaves leant together: shok, stook  grai stalks left standig aer harvesing: stubble  gater leover gran from a harvet eld: glean  separate cha from grain by the wind o . separate cha from gran by beating: thresh  grain b fore or aer milling: grst  hard gran e after milling our: semo  graineating granvorous lna  producing grain granferous  containing whol unprocessd grans: holegra, holemeal  grai fungus ergot  funnel for dis pensing grain hoer  storage tower or pit for threshed grain so  storehouse for threshed grain g ra ary  cassava grain: taoa grammar  adecive grammatal  mistake in grammar solesm . mistake n grammar made by iappropriate application of a rule hyerorreto grmoone  eay gramophone and recording machine hoograh  combined radio and gramophone: radiogam  combined radio gramophone and tape eck: mus ete � see ao reord layer grmoon e record  denoting a smal record revolving at 45 rpm: extededlay  denoting a fulsied record revolving at 3333 rpm log layg  general term for 45 and 33 rpm records: vyl  general term for 78 rpm records shella . laserread disk of digital irmation omat dsk . groove n a longplaying re cord mrogoove  extraneous noise heard when playing a recor suae ose

52

grae  grape crop: groh  grape harvest vtage .fermenting grape juice must  fermentaion of gre uice vnfato .juice pro duced from a second pressing talle  remains of grapes after pressing  mac, ae .ngus culivated on grapes botyts, noble ot  study of grae cultivation: vtulture gra  graph designed like a slced cake e hart  graph designed a a series of strips bar hart  mark points on a grap: lot gras .able to grasp reensle  device for graping lups of coal or sugar: tongs  similar device for grasping very small objects eeers  grass  adecives gramnaeous, grameous .narrow eaf of grass blade  coarse grass used for paper and ropes: esarto, esarto grass  expanse or slab of earth with the grass in it: sod, tu  circle of darker grass: fairy rng  clump of long coarse grass: tussok  dislodged clump of gras: dvot . dried mown grass: ay  grass at the edge of a road: verge  undied grass stored n airtight conditions slage  silage store slo  grasseating gramnvor ous  electric grass cutter for edgings etc: strimmer  grasslike plant growing in wet ground sedge  synthetic grass surface used on sports elds AstroTu grassoer .chirping grasshop per rket .large voracious lying grasshopper grsslnd .extensive grassland in Siberia stee  extensie grassland in orth America rare .extensive grassland in South America amas  extensive grassland in warm regions savaah  extensive grassland in South Africa veldt

 j \

. prehistoric grave bar row, tumulus  stone at a grave's

g rave

head:

he ad s t on e

. fastened arrange- '

urri I g ad potecto proteg (fe protege guerri  Balka gueia chet nk • Ncaagua guea contra • usubstataed guess: gue specuaton Guie • Gude ally: amoree guie moal gude mentor guru  toust gude ccerone  ccern) guiotine  cat cag psoes to the guilote tumrel tumr  woma kg by he gullotie trcoteuse guit poduce agumets o evdece to lesse someoe's guilt: ex tenuate mtgate  feelg of guilt: compuncton .feedom fom guilt nncence guitar • small steelsiged guta: awaan gutar . small fou stiged Hawaa guta ukulee • Russa guta wth a tagula soudbox: alalaka  guta wth buit mcophos electrc gutar • such a mcophoe pckup • small dsc used to pluck a guta's stgs plectrum  plectum attached to the ge ngerpck gu . place whee ls lve guery gu  adective gngval . immato of the gums gngvts  . potable gu rearm hadheld gu handgun .potable gus: small arms  spalboe gu shot fom the shoulde rle  smoothboe gu g peets shotgu • hadg wth evolvg chambes revover • ealy logbaelled shoul de gu: musket • gu g bullets  quck successo machne gun  lght hadheld mache gu su machine gun  gu havg a magaze repeater  shot gun wth a hgh tajecto mortar  heavy gu wth  hgh tajecto howiter  gu's backwad movemet o g: recol lage miltay gus artllery

56

• atlley ad bombs ordnance • hadguholde o a belt hoster  smal kob fomg a gu's foe sght ead  cossed e wies  a gu's sght cross hars  ie

damete of a gu bael ore cal re gauge  spal gooves isde a gu ael: rlng . deotg a ued gu bael smoothore • ope ed of a gu bael: mule • back pat of a gu bael reech .log od used  muzzleloadig ramrod • muzzl's woode soppe tampon • wedge suppotg a gu bael Un • pat of a gu whee the bullet s placed chamer .co ae fo bullet ad chage cartrdge • gus cotae fo seveal bullets: magane  sgle ut of ammu to round • gu's g leve cock trgger  tgge wth mimal esst ace har trgger . pat of a gu placed agast the shoulde utt stock  gu's agle wth the hozo tal elevaton  gu's wheeled sup pot carrage  fot pat of ths: lmer .ig platfom fo a lage gu emplacement • foted gu emplacemet attery . evolvg a moued gu emplacemet: urret • gu apetue  a wal port • wa shps pojectig  pl sponson • smultaeous e fom all the gus o oe sde of a shp roadsde  peod of cotuous heavy gue arrage cannonade  apd bust of gue usllade savo volley • couous apd gue at a cta spot curtan re  gue alog a le o tagets enlade  sheld by gune cover • have wth age: seep  ceemoal g of gus as a toke of espect salute .ta a gu o someoe cover  have wth g age cover  goud depes  sion used as a shelter from gunre: foxhole • ilegal frearms trad: gun -

running

science of rearms: ti cs  � see alo rifle 

ball s-

5

gunma hien gunman sniper  Hinu guru aarisi guru  hermitage for a guru an his uils asra gut  adjective visceral � see aso inesine gmnastics  gymnastic exercises aing gracefu movement callisenics  gymnastic routine not neeing aaratus loor exercises  narrow horiont bar for gymnastic exercises bea  wooen frame with a ae to orse, vaulng orse

um I ysy

 srung fabric sheet rapone  oor ang for laning a  heavy exercise bal edicine ball gps  gysy erson or their anguage Roany  gysy caravan vardo  Romany wor for man' ro . rma)  Romany wor for a mae gysy cal  Roany wor for a nongysy gorgio  secret anguage of rish an Wesh gysies Se Ia  Itaian gysy Zingaro Hungarian gysy zigane  itinerant tinker or scrameta eaer didicoi

Hh h • make an h sound: asirate hait • stange habit: eccentricity, idiosyncrasy mannerism, uirk .denotng an nganed habt: neerate • denoting a peson possessed by compulsve habits: ineterate athological • becoming automatc though habt: second nature haddoc • smokecued haddock: fnnn hair • combg form: tc • cts: caillary ilose • pece of har: lock, tress • unkempt mass of ha: shock .hai in inteaced stands: lait • ength of paed ha: igtail • col of hai at the back of the head: cignon • bunch o fase ha: ha iriece sitch • ha bushd up wads and backwads fom the foehead: uiff • stp of ha n font of a mans eas: sideburn • shot st hars on a mans unshaven face: stub ble • har on a mans cheeks o jaw: side hskers .ong har on the neck of cetan anmas: mane • sheath aound a ha oot: foicle • bsting of the ha n fea o cod goosefesh • eectle has aong a dogs back: hackles • oly seceton keepng the ha soft sebum • dak ha pent melanin .ack of har pgmentaton albinism • soap pepaaton fo washng the ha: shamoo • substance apped to the har to make t ook heathy: conditioner • ha atve: lacuer • ha ol: Macasar • scented ha ontment: o made, pomatum • aange the ha: dress • ibbon to bnd the ha: fillet • ha gp of a spung meta stp: kirby gri • onamenta haine: snood .ackng ha bald • po



gess e baldness: aloecia • abnoma ha gowth on a womans face hrsutism • emova of unwanted ha: deilaton • pepaation to emove unwanted har deilatory . depaton by an eectic cuent: electroysis • deplaton usng a suga and emon mtue: sugarng • havng tghtycued ha ulotr chan • study of the har and scap: trcology .dead skn n the hai: dandruff fase har: ig hairdressing . cti: tonsoral • hadesse coiffeu (fe cieuse) • hairdesses shop: salon • wae the ha wth a hot ron crim hairstes • eaboatey styed hai: coiffure .knot of har at the back of a womans head cigno • wth hai puffed out fom the head: bouffant • hastye coneaing one eye: eekaboo • shot hastye cro • shot and bsty stye: en brosse vey shot mae stye: cre cut • mae stye wth the ha slcked back on both sdes: duck's arse • Rastafaan hastye wth hai n tgt bads: dreadlocks • back hastye wth tght baids gving a geometica scap patten: cornros • bight dyed steak: highlight . dak dyed steak: loight ha . combg forms: demi, hemi semi (g. semicircle) • haf boad demiension . hane of vese: hemistich hacination  haucnatons seed by acohocs: deliri um remens  poducng o poduced by haucnatons: sychedelc ha  cued o smoked ham: gammon  taan ham: rosciuto

59

hammer • hamme use by auctionees gavel . iagnostic hamme use by octos plexor plessor • wooenheae hamme alle .heavy mallet beele . lage heavy hamme sledgeaer • heavy pivote hamme l aer, rp aer • hamme o beating meat derr • hanle o a hamme elve  at pat o a hamme hea use o stiking fae • oune o wegeshape pat o a hamme hea, opposie to the ace een • Vshape evice o emoving nails set opposite to a hamme's ace: law • stiking hea o a pileive up hand . combining forms ro anu  adjectives aual, pala .han bones eaarpus • han's inne suace between wist an nges pa • itchy ha swelling cause by col lblan .han pain om much witing wrer's rap • hanopeate aual .one with both hans banual  skill with the hans dexery • this when eception is involve: legerdea, sleg of ad . able to use both hans equally well abdexrous • specialist teating the hans an eet r opods • cosmetic teatment o the hans anure handica • physical o mental hanicap dsably • enoing a gole with a zeo hanicap sra handkerhie  • lage an bightly coloue hankechie, oen with white spots bandana hand over  han ove a peson to a oeign poe o tial  punishment exrade hande • hanle o an axe knie, o spea a • hanle o a hamme o othe tool elve • hanle o a swo, agge, o knie: l .hanle o a whip o shing o so handworker .skille hanwoke rsa, rasa

hmme  hlequde

handwriting • elegant hanwiting: allgrapy • calligaphe's ecoative ouish urlue hang • hanging loosely penduous  stuctue o hanging ciminals gallows hainess .eeling o geat happi ness esasy, eupora, exlaraon • happiness base on (wilul igno ance fool's pardse .make someone vey happy elae haen  about to happen: for og e pendng upo g • that has neve happene beoe unpreedeed . happening all the time: pereal • happening occa sionally: sporad .make happen nsge .pevent happenng pre lude • happen again eur .make happen suenly o unexpectely prepae • evese what has happene undo harour  hbou with customs a cilities por • habou o yachts ana . habous potecion om ough seas jety, ole watesie platom o loaing an unloaing ships uay, uaysde .san etc eposite in a habou sl • seesman with local knowlege binging a ship in o out o habou plo .oaing beam estcting access to a habou boo hard . combining form for medica senses slr(o) .abnoma haening o boy tissue sleross • haening o he aees arero sleross hare • adjective leporne • emale hae doe  male hae bu • young hae levere . hae's sht al su • hae's la: for • haehuning oursng  stew o boil a hae jug arequinade • talian halequinae oeda dell're • pincipal male chaacte: arleun • pincipal emale chaacte olue • comic ol man paaloo

ar I hele ar • peson sueing ham ctm . ook beeved to ham the peson egaded el eye • abe to be hamed ulnerable • subty ham fu perncous arschord • sma hapschod

wth sngs st obquey o the kyboad spnet • pin tuning a hap chod stng rest pn • bock n whch these ae set rest plank .devce puckng the sting ack .de vce mutng the stings bu stop  mmb of Haow arro Schoo Harroan hat . wdebmmed staw hat panama • hat of stened staw wth a ow at cown boater . fet hat wth ndented cown omburg trlby • had domed hat boler • hat wth a hgh cyindca cown top at • so coth hat wth bms at font and back nd eaaps that may be ted up deerstalker . centefoded Hghand hat glengarry • hat ted unde the chn bonnet • academc hat square bonnet mortarboard • theeconeed hat trcorne • m ghtwegh sun hat fomey won n the topcs pt elmet sola top • kt ted coveing fo the head and neck balaclaa • woman's wdebmmed decoatd hat pcture at • woman' cosettng beshaped hat cloce • guad's t a fu hat bearskn  busby • pest's squae tugca hat brea • salo's oskn hat souester • woke's potectve hemet ard at . cowboy's hat tengallon at • Texan hat stetson  Mexcan wdebmmed hat som brero • ed conca tasseed hat fe tarboos .osette o bbons on a hat cockade • take o one's hat dof uncoer • shop seing men's hat atter • shop eln women's hats mllner  see aso cap clotes

estments ared . combiig forms: ms poba • hated of foegnes xeno

60

poba • hated of homosexuas omopoba . hated of men msandry • hated of peope msantropy • hated of women ms - og yn y

a . femae hawk falcon . mae hawk tercel • young hawk eyas • dt hawk caught fo taining aggard • hawk's feeding boad ack . hawk's eg stap ess .cage fo hawks me • devce to atact a hawk lure a  machn fo tunng hay ted der .oose ple of hay aycock • neat cubod ple of bed hay rck stack haze .owe of the haze tee cat kn ad • combiig orm cepal  aecive: cepalc • back of the head occput • at pat bewen the foehead and ea temple • abnoma smalness of the head mcrocepaly

• study of the popotons of the head and face cepalometry •

scousness fom a bow to the hed concusson • injy caused by a sevee ek to e head plas .cut o the head of decaptate • thust  wth the head eadbu abe headcoveing of ea o atcaL ha g eadace • sevee headache wth nausea and mpaed son mgrane • oce wokes' headaches and e I spatoy pobems thougt to caused by poo ventlaton sck

ng syndrome  eadand .Aab's headband aga  • Jews tugca headband frontlet headng • heading to a secton 0 text emma . lemmaa) • news pape tte headng • pnted headng on tatony let

teread



. combining form: -patl l ! • peson oeng cues though bon and muscle manipulation:

heal er







1

helth I het

161 . person oerng cures oug m ute doses o natral substances produ cg symptoms of te dsease:

omeopat ealt • ealtgvg salubrous, olesome • perso obsessed by s or er ow ealth: ypoconac, aletunaran • state o eal: conton, consttuton •  po or ealt sckly • codtos relatg to publc ealth santaton • substance ap plied to te ar or sk to make it look healty contoner

earng

• mbining

au . adjctivs acoustc, autory, aual form

. alege ablity to hear what oters caot: claaudence • devce meas urig the range ad sestvty o a perso's hearg auometer grapic record produced by ts de vce auogram . study o hearng ad ts defects: audology . teatre soud syste or heargad users nucton loop • distance over wc oe ca be hear: easot, earng • hear somethg ot teded or oe: oerear

eart

• combining form for

mca and scintc sns: card • adjc ivs carac coronay • upper

camber  the heart au rcle, atrum . lower camber o te heart entrcle • membrae enclosng te ea: percardum • nlammaton of the percardum percarts • de otg te arteres surroudg te heart coronary  • blockage o these

eart attack, coonay tromboss

• deotng

the heart ad blood ves sels cadoascular • denotg the heart and lugs caropulmonary, cardorspratory . relaxed stage o eartbet dastole • contracted stage of eartbeat systole .ds turbed heatbeat flutte fbrllaton • excessvely rapid hertbeat palptaton, tacycarda • excessively slow heartbet: bradycarda • so soud made b a diseased heart murmur

• sudde

cessato o e eartbeat: cardac arest  rapd and chaotc cotractio o varous eart muscle: fbllaton • apparatus cotrog ts: efbrllator  devce stmat g and corog eartbeat pace maker • plastccoveed electrode used  ts pale  drug sowg te eart beta blocker  amma to o e eart carts  doctors device or hearg the eart: steto scope • ecod o heart sounds ponocardogram • elecrcaly traced record o a eartbeat: electo cardogram • ultrasoud dsplay o a eartbeat: ecocaogram • study ad treatmet o ea dseases car-

ology ea . combining forms cal o , themo) termy . adjctivs: te mal, termc, caloc  eat producg: calofc • glowg toug eat ncanescent  slgtly warm lukearm, tep  substance tat rasmts eat: conucto  substace at does ot transmt eat nsulator • anser o eat  uds conecton • ut o eat eergy caloe  pyscs o eat and oter forms o eergy temo ynamcs • deotg te eat's at ural eat geotemal • eat to near bolg pot: scal  eattreat lquids to crease ter sefe: pasteue • eat and te cool slowy as a tougeng process: anneal  car by exposure to eat: scoc • decom



pose by exposure to exeme eat pyrolyse • eat spiced we or ale mull • denotng a gente eat or cookg slo • denotg a strog eat for cookg fast • gasred water eater: geyser • termometer for g emperatures pyometer • ottest part o te year: og days • perod of uusualy ot weater eaae • oppressvey hot: selterng • hot ad dry: torrd • ness ased by excessve heat: eatstroke,

et            I  hem                                                                                               62    sunstroke . liquied by extreme et moten • electric wire used to provide et eement • niml de

pendent upon extern sources o et ectotherm • niml creting its own bodily et endoterm . denot ing substnces becoming mllebe wen eted termoastic . denot ing substnces becoming rigid wen eted thermosetting • et re quired or cnge o stte but not o temperture atent heat • use o eectric currents to e te bodys inner orgns diathermy . mke im pervious to et insulate .designed to retin et thermal . device pro ducing motive power rom et eat . loction o n object engine troug te et it exudes terma

imaging heang

• eting device circulting wrm ir convector • single eting

system supplying mny buidings district heating . underloor eting system in Romn ouses yocaust • electric eting element plced in li quid immersion heater • electric eter tking in power by nigt nd relesing et by dy storage heater  progressive eting o te erts t mospere due to breces in ozone lyer gobal warming, greenhouse

effect heve . adjetive ceestial Herew • aetive Hebraic • Heb rew scolr Hebraist • vowel dots round Hebrew script oints .dd te oints to Hebrew script vocalie . Hebrew nme or God Jehovah, Yahweh re • ourcrcter presenttion o tis Tetragrammaton . see als Is raeli, Israelite, Judaism hedge • mixed edge wit trees hedgerow • ornment edge trimmig toiary • strengten  edge by inerweving brnces lay, layer • denoting  edge grown rom cuttings quickset

hedgehog

• adjetive

erinaceous

. mle edgeog boar • edgeogs srp ollow bristle quill

heght • mbining frms acro, alt, hys • eigt bove se or ground level altitude • eigt bove se levl elevation • eigt dier ence o lndscpe elements relief • dizziness cused by eigts vertigo

• nuse nd exustion experienced

t ig ltitues atitude sikness • er o eigts acrohobia • builder speciaizing in ig work steelejack siderman • instru ment mesuring n ircrs eigt altimeter • instrument mesuring te eigt bove se level hysom-

eter he

• adjetive hereditry • eme eir heiress • eir wose clim is irreutble heir aarent • eir

wose clim my be overpssed eir resumtive • eir by blood heir atlaw .joint eir coarcener

hecote

• mbining frm

heli • elicopters verticl propeller roto • elicopter lndingplce heiad, eior • sking wit scents mde by elicopter heliskiing hex  adjetives helical, helicoid he • adjetive inferna • plce were sins my be expited ter det Purgatory .ell in Jewis tougt Geenn, Sheol . s als

udeorld heme • prt o  elmet tt pro tects e ce visor • protective el met or construction workers hard hat • protective elmet or motorcyc lists crash helmet hep • person keen to elp oters hilanthroist • domestic elper pro vided by  loc utority home hel • turning to  source o elp re course hemp • adjetive hemen . comb emp beore spinning card

Hephess I H

163

  . . .  . . .  .  . .    .  .        .   . .     . . .  .  . . .   . . . . . . . . .  . .  .  . . . . . . . .  . . . . .  . . . . . . . .     . . . .    . .     .  . . .  . . . .  . .   . . .   . . .      . .       . . . . . . . .   . .

Hehaestus .Roman e: Vucan Hera .Roman  Juno Heracles .Roman e rculs her • adectve rbal • bag of erbs use to avour soups bouqut garni . oppe fres erbs fns rbs • gare for meiial erbs psc gardn • book listig erbs rbal Hercules • Greek e racls heredity • stuy of erety gent cs heresy • fouer of a eresy rsi arc .follower of a eresy: rtic

• publi

burig of a eret by te Spais Iquisito: auto da f  auts d f)

Hermes

Mrcur • Hermes wige a petasus • Hermes saketwie taff: caducus hemit • adectve rmtc .er mits abtatio rmtag, cll . Latn

nam

s

• ermit lvig o te top of a pillar

stlt hernia

• ae

belt supportig a

era: truss hero  uovetoal tioal ero

antiro Herod • ire kille by Hero: ol Innocnts herring • small youg of errgs, sprats et eate as foo witbat • rolle pikle errig llet roll mop heeroexualiy • assumptio tat eterosexuality is te om trosxsm hide .ie oes tougts or feel igs: dssimlat . wait i iig lurk • perso iig o a sp or ar rft i orer to travel wtout payg

stowawa hidden • conng form crpt(o) (eg

cryptcmmunist)

• ie

store cac, stas • gplae boltol • ot ie ot Highlands . traditoal Hgla laguage Galic • ompettio of Higla traitioal poets a musi as: Mod • wove fabr patter as soate wt a partiuar la: tartan • istitve patter of a tarta stt • etrefolde Higla at: glen garr • Higlaers tarta souler lot: paid • mas tarta skt i traitioal Higlad ress: kt • pou wor  frot of te klt

sporan hill .low ill ummock, urst, kno mound . low ll akig a . getly rol moutai foot lig ll down • attoppe steep se ll msa • rocky ll tor .top of a ill: crst summt .mass of loose stoes o a llse scr atioalsm: Hindu • Hidu induta . Hidu eretary lass cast, arna .member of te Hiu priestly aste Braman .member of te Hiu mlitary aste Ksatra

• member of te Hu aste of mer

ats a farmers: Vasa .mem ber of te Hiu worker aste Sudra • member of te lowest lass of Hu soety Dait, aran, untoucabl • eotig a Hiu belogg to oe of te igest astes: ticborn . Hiu sriptures: Vda . omme tary upo te Veas: pansad • Hiu mystal text tantra • wor repeate i Hu meitatio: mantra • Hiu myst syllable om • Hu liturgial laguage: Sanskrt .Hu teaer: guru Maars, pandit, swami • Hiu teaers pupl cla • ermitage of a Hiu teaer a is pupls asram • Hu aseti: fakir • Hiu ascetc wearig few lotes gmnosopst . Hiu reli gious beggar: sannasi  same)  ace to see a Hiu oly ma: darsan • seess atio as a way to perfeto karma oga • u state

p  oy Commo

64

of spreme happiness ananda . Hin state of blesseness nirvana  Hin's personal fate karma  Hin sol, inivial an niver sa atman . earthly incarnation of a Hin ivinity avatar _ Hin go ess devi  Hin spreme goess Dev . Hin spreme go Shva  phallssymbol of Shiva: lngam . vlvasybol of ivine creative en ergy yon . isk symbolizing the niverse: mandala  power of the Hi gos maya  foooffering to a Hin go: prasad  Hin term for cosmic law: dharma  Hin festival of lights Diwal . Hin spring festi va ol . Hin principle of non violence towars all living things ahimsa  Hin tower temple pagoda . Hin traitional meicine Ayrveda . male Hin's loincloth dhoti . Hin forehea mark: tlak  re power se by Hin women to mark the forehea: kmkm .Hin epic Maabarata  Hin treatise on love an sexal echniqe Kama Stra . Hin seclsion of women purdah . Hin place of cremation gat  Hin wiow's selfcremation: sttee  Hin meitation techniqe poplar in the West ranscendenta Meditation  Western system of exer cises loosely base on Hin pri ciples: yoga h  adective sciatc  hip joint

coxa hire urchase

 initia

hire pr

chase payment down payment  company fning hireprchase f-

nanc company finance hose histor  historywriting, or the sty of it historiography .histor

ica nformation gaine by recore interviews oral hstory .objects of historica interest memorabila .ob j ects of interest to iitary historians mlitaria  Mse of history: Clio hit . ht reapeatey pond pmmel thrash . hit obliqely glance

 blow

with the han's ege to the back of the neck rabbit pnch  qick sharp blow rap  latten with a sharp blow swat

 start of play in hockey  avance the ball by sc cessive light taps: drbble  sie part

hocke bully off

of the laying area wng

hoe

 pshing

hoe to ct off wee

roots Dtch oe

hoist

 hoisting

apparas of three splaye poles sheer legs  hoisting evice wining rope ec abot  rm: capstan wnch wndlass  ropes an pleys for lifting heavy objects: tackle

hoe  bore or pierce hole peor ation pnctre . hole bore to take explosive blast hole shot hole  hole allowing leakage: pnctre

 enlarge the top of a hole to take the screw lsh: contersink

hoida

 iversity

or lawcorts' holiay vacation holiay of half a ay half holiday  school's short miterm holiay: half term . inclsive holiay package package tor . poplar holiay estination resort  rente holiay home cottage gte villa  agen accompanying a pack age tor corer .holiay cap or ganizer redcoat

ho

 combining forms:

hago 

haly), hiero  hierlyph) . holy place shrne .jorney to a shrine plgrmage  eclare or ake holy sancty  violae the holiness of a place or thing: desecrate  ritaly impre nclean

Ho Communion . Holy Comm nion given t a person near t eath viaticm  ltienominational participation  Holy Comnion nter

commnion

 thin

open

commnon

brea isc se in Holy Com mnion waer  see aso Mass

65

hol war  by Christas to ecove the Holy Lad cusade  by Muslms gaist idels ad home . logig o oe's home omesckness .oce someoe to live a om hs home bans  ok om home th electoc ac cess to the okplace telecommute homoeoath  substce used i homoeopathic teatmet smlas omoeualt  adjctivs gay pnk quee  emale homosexual lesban .male homosexual tas vestte dag queen  aousig homosexual desie omoeotc  cocealmet o oe's homosexuality closet  ot cocealig oe's homosexualty out  declae oe's homosexualty come out  aoucemet by othes o a pomiet peso's homosexualty outng C publc lavatoy veed as a homosexual meetigplace cottage  homoexual pchasg poe pnk pound .hated o homosexuality omopoba honet  cosistetly hoest up gt upstandng  system elyig o paticiats' hoesty onou system hone  hoeypoducig melleous  deotig hoey daied om the comb ithout heat o pessure vgn  alcoholc dk made om hoey mead  seetmeat made o hoey ad sesame lou alva .liquid collected b bees om oes to mke hey necta .tual suga oud  hoey ad uits uctose honeom . small compatmet i a hoeycomb cell hoo  hooked pole used to lad lage sh ga .hooked devce used to gai puchase gapplng on gapnel .decoative opeok made ith hooked ya cocet hoop . hoop attached to a skt to suppot t atngale

holy w I hose

ong Kong  geeal idex o Hog Kog shae pces Hang Seng nde hoe  uattaiable hope ppe deam .deotig a hope ulikely to be ed pous van ho  kil r dryig hops oast  buildig o ths oast ouse horzontal  devce establshig hoizotaty level spt level hormone  goth homoe som atotopn .homoe used to teat egies d rthrits cotsoe  ptuty homoe tedig to icease blood pessure vasopessn . homoe used to teat diabetes nsuln  homoe used by thletes to mpove peromace steod anabolc steod  homoe seceted he ude stress adenaln epnepne .homone oxdisg body suga nsuln . homoe goveig emale secoday sexual chaactestcs oestogen  homoes goveig male secoday sexual chaacteistics andogen testosteone  homoe stmulatig uterie pepaato o pegacy pogesteone  homoe makig the cevx dilate elan .homoe stimulatg uteie cotactios ad mlk seceto oytocn  hormoe simuatig m poductio ate givig bith polactn horn  adjctiv: coneous  ho o plety conucopa horocoe  pepae a hooscope cast  astlogcal map or cstig  hooscope bt cat natal cat hore  combining forms: equ ppo (e.g hippodom, orgnay a track for orse races)

 adjctiv:

equne  small pehstoc hose yacoteum eoppus  emale hose mae  castated male hose  ucastated geldng male hrse stall on  ent e o se  youg hose oal  youg male hose colt  youg emale hose lly  ospig

ors  rr . . . .     .  .  . . . . . . . .  . .    . .  . . . . . . . . .      .     . . . . .  . .  . . . . . . . . . . . .       .     . .    . . .     .      .     . .       .  

of a mae donkey and female ose mue  ospring of a mae ose and female donkey inny  small orse pony  stong sortlegged ose cob . puebed orse bred  torougbed oses bloodstoc  orse fo odnary ridg ac  ose bed fo unting and steeplecasing unter .ose bed fo eavy wok cartorse  lage ose bed fo eavy work ea orse sire orse .ose wit black and wite patces piebad  orse wit patces of wite and some oter colou sebad  ose aving a coat of one colou inte spesed wit ais of anote: roan  wld Ameican ose mustang bronco  Austrian orse bed fo dessage paner  knigt's wa orse destrer  raceose in te cal endar yea ae tat in wic it was born yearing  ose tat as not yet won a major prize novice  orse's cy: neg  orse's so igpitced cy inny  front part of a ose's face mue  igest pat of a ose's back ters  orny pad in a ose's oof rog  orse's neck ai mane  orses mammary gland udder  straps round a orse's body arness  strap keeping te ead down matngae  ose's meta moutpiece bt  ose's eyesceen biner . staps ound a ose's ead bride  aness ring fo te res terret  attacment fom te aness to te sfts: trace  ope ound a ose's ead ater ose's vetica jump buc  orse's style of movement gait  ose tang in obedi ence and depotment dressage . advanced training in tis aute cole  osetaine's long ein: unge  skl in osemansip mange  spike on a ride's eel spu  spiked disc attaced to tis roe  orse taned to perrm witout a

ride:  iberty hors e  place hoses are tained: mange  horse's gait between a trot and a galop:



 (of a orse) stand upigt on ind legs rear  (of a orse) run out ter

of contol: bolt . (of a ose) give · bit oa . (of a orse) efuse a jum : bauk, jib  military pesonnel  using orses o amoured veicles cavary  small eld for oses pad doc . fodde bag attaced to a � orses ead nosebag  ope tying a ose's legs togete obbe .estab lisment were orses ae kept o  trained stabe . stable woke lad !  orse food of ban and ot wate  mas  open toug fo ose fodder manger .ose's coase gooming bus dandy brus  metal device fo cleaning orse bruses currycomb . establisment were oses ae kept fo breeding stud  book of ose pedigees stud boo  peson wo looks ae oses groom .per son wo soes orses bacsmt arrer  orse disease wit swellings below te jaw ganders  ose slaugtee nacer  ose tans porter orsebox  wooden orse for play obby orse  mytical cea ture a man and a ose cen

�

taur  adjectve euesors-rng trian  at of oseiding euestransm euitaton orsemansp  euipment fo oseiding tac  riders protective elmet sucap

 public

competition in orseiding skills gymana .euestran co petition involving sevea tests event . competitive spot of ding a orse ove obstacles i an arena sojumping  sowjumpg competi tion oe lage obstacles: puissance  nal round of a jumping competi tion jumpo  details of a orse's pevious competitive acievements orm  penay point in sowjump ig ault  saped tousers for ose

67 .        . .    . . . . .    . .             . .

hose  hose                                                                                           

rg odurs person who res  horses eqestran clmb onto a  hrse for rg mount  horse's re sponse to the res mout

ose .ajustable ttng at a hose en nole osital • small rual hosptl: cot tage osal • prvate resental



estblshment provg health care nursng ome • hosptal set up near a battleel eld ostal .hosptal  whch mecal stuents are trane teacng ostal .NS  hosptal amsterg ts own  buget ostal tst • boarng chool hosptal sanatorum • hos ptal for the care of chlbrth mater nty ospta • hosptal for the chron cally sck or those makg a slow recovery sanatorum .hosptal for the termnally  osce .mecal post gving prelmary treaent dressn g staton  specalst hosptal epartment clnc hosptal room for patents bes ard • NS  hos ptal be for whch a charge s mae amenty bed ay bed • hosptal room for operatons teatre • the atre garment gon • room for pa tents revvg from a general anaes thetc recey room • (of a staterun hosptal) wthraw from local authorty control ot out • re gon om whch a hosptals patents come catcment area .amt to  hosptal ostae .keep n hos ptal: detan • sen home from hos ptal: dscarge .patent stayng n a hosptal natent .patent vst ng a hosptal for treatment outa tent .enotg a patent neeng much care gdeendency .a  verse effects of lengthy hostalza ton osptasm • enotg resent mecal staff ouse • group of hos ptal octors frm enotg post grauate mecal trang gven  a osptal clncal • person recevg

'

ths ouse ocer ouseman ptal attenant orderly orter

• hos

oste • hostel for the homeless re ceton centre ote .hotel for motorsts motel  small Italan hotel enone • 

sttuton oerg cheap accommoa ton fo employees stuents etc os el • prvate house oerg foo an logg for payment boardn g ouse guest ouse .Europen boarg  house ension • hotel entrance hall: oyer • hotel recepton counter desk  hotel employee carryng guests' lug gage orter .servce of foo an rnks  customers' rooms room erce .regerate rnks cup  boar  hotel beroom mnbar  large hotel room for meetgs or ar tes functon room receton room  hotel beroom wth several bes: aml y room • person owng or run ng a hotel oteler • hotel oor man commssonare orter  woman who cleans hotel berooms cambermad • be breakfast an one ma meal aly demenson alf board • be an all meals full board • formaltes on leavg an  hotel ceckout � see ao retaurant

ot ate • natual hot sprg gey ser • pan of hot water above whch foo may be cooke or kept warm

banmare ou . adjective oral ouse .large elaborate house man son .large house  the conty country seat manor • gatehouse for ths lodge country house wth at tache farm grange .Roman coun try house illa • sglestorey house for a famly an ts lvestock long ouse smal hose use by hunt ers untng bo sootng bo

• small country house for sportsmen lodge  Church of nglan parsh

prest's house carage rectory  Roman Cathoc parsh piests

sehol I hge hose resbytery  Protestant mnster's hose manse  detached town hose of moderate sze via  row of hoses bl as a sngle block terrace  oc dwelng of a government mnster or dplomat: residence  ofcal accommodaton of a dge on crct odgings  ofcal accommodaton of the head of an Oxford or Cambrdge colege odge, odgings  hse at a secret locaton safe ose  sample hose on a new development, frnshed and decorated so ose  selfcontaned part of a hose for an elderly relatve granny fat  denotng a freestandng hose detaced  denotng a hose at tached to another on one sde semi detaced  denotng a hose attached to others on both sdes: trraced  denotng a hose attached to another on the grond loor only ink detaced .chldren's part of a hose nrsery  hose wth ts land and otbldngs messuage . paved area adonng a hose atio terrace  chldren's play hose: Wendy o se  ht at a holday camp caet  Eskmo's hose made of ce blocks igoo  tradtonal concal stone hose of sothern Italy truo  Rssan smmer resdence: daca  tradtonal wooden hose n Swtzerland caet  hose's occpants: oseod  person ownng the hose he or she lves n owner occer  erson payng to lve n another's hose odger aying gest  denotng pesons nale to leave home de to rmty hosebond  ocal connement to one's home

hose arrest

houehold  jectives domestic, domiciiary . money fo rnnng a hosehold hosekeeing .edcaton n hosehold skls domestic science . members of a hosehod: mnage  person employed to organ

68 ze a hosehold osekeeer .hosehold servant domestic

ouse o oons . charman



of

Hose

of Commons debates Seaker  Speaker's means of expellng a dsrptve member: naming  symbol of the Commons' athorty mace  area represented by a member constitncy  place n the Hose of Commons or the consttency t repesents seat front seats  occped by chef members of the gov  ernment reasry benc  box n  the Hose of Commons by whch mn  sters stand to speak Disatc Box  sece a qorm n the Commons make a Hose  Commons proced F re lmtng dscsson enminte  re .post soght by resgnng MP

Stewardsi of te Citern Hun dreds . person who  s not a member or ofcal of the Hose of Commons

stranger ouse o Lords

. charman of Hose of ords debates ord Can ceor  hs seat n the chamber Woolsack  bshops n the Hose of Lords ords sirital  lay members  of the Hose of ords ords  member of the Hose of ords vong  for a moton content . member of the Hose of ords votng aganst a  moton: noncontent  Crown docment smmonng a peer to the Hose of Lords writ  peer who seldom at tends the Hose of Lords man  peer actng as a snor dge

law ord house

1.



purhase

 oved 

another's accepted offer: gam  decrease one's own accepted

gander hoerrat

 layer of ar spportng  a hovercraft csion  hangng sr

rond for the cshon skirt

huge  combining forms mega(lo)_ . measre) macro . mc csm)



hum I hug

169

huan  mbining forms andro nthrop(o) .attribution of uman form r beaviour to gods anmas or inanimate objets anthropmoph sm  beief tat umns are te most mportant eement of existene nthropocentrsm hmansm  be ief tat umans are no more port ant tan oter ivng beings ;ocentrsm .resembing a uman nthrpd  study of te origns of umankind anthropogeny .ul tura sudy of umankind nthro pology  ared of umanknd ms anthropy  assumption of uman form by a onept or divinity em odment ncarnation . attribution of uman emotions to inanate ob jets pathetc allacy • seeking to promote uman welfare hmantar an phlanthropc  tiny umanoid reature homncls  hmu nculi )  robot designed to resembe a uman being androd  beyond uman owers sperhman huour  umorous statement of te opposite to wat is realy meant ony  disrespetfu joing evty hundred  combining forms cent (eg cenuy), hecto (eg hectlire)  person wo is 100 years od centen arn  inrease a undredfod cen tple hundredh

 combning form: cent

(eg cenlre) .djtive centesmal

 undredt aniversary centenary  twoundredt anniversary cen

tnary cntnnl  tr undredt anniversary tercentenry tercentnnl  fourundredt anni  veversary qatercentenay undredt anniversary qncenten ay q ncentennal Hungarian .Hungarian person or is anguage Magyar  Hun arian avaryman hssr .Hungarian gypsy gane  spiy Hungarian

stew golash  fast Hungaran dane csadas huning  djective venatc  i ega unting poachng  uning trip in East Afria saar  ana tat naturay unts oter animas for food predator  areunting wit dogs eaglng . gameuntng wit greyounds corsng  unters prenary assemby meet • unters assistant gll  unters' amou aged seter hde .unter's movabe sreen stalkng horse . ana used y unters to attrat oters decoy  oia in arge of ounds hntsman  untsman's assistant whppern  unting dog hond  eavy unting dog mast  sma ound d  unt ares eagle  set of ounds pack  person in arge of tis master  reease of ounds at te start o a unt throw o  unting dog's rigid stane to indiae game pont set  dog trained to reover dead or jured ame re trever  unted bird or anima game qarry  quarry's iding pae covr  tiket in wi game may ide cvert .drive game from tese lsh  ause game to rise from over sprng .folow game stealty stlk .denotng ornered game at ay  person empoyed to drive game towards te unters eater  te driving of game towrds te unters by beaters atte  sout wen te quarry breks over ew halloo  anal et used to ure oters decoy  person empoyed to breed or protet game gamekeper keepr  person empoyed to supervise game and unting game wden  area reserved for private unting preserve  area were no unt is permitted eserve  person attempting to disrup a unt hnt satr • time ofear wen unting is permitted open sesn .tme of year wen unting is not emitted cls

sbd I hyposs

70

season • loss of he sce n n hunng cek • group lvng y hunng and harvesng wld food untergaterers • srongly scened ojec used  sham huns drag • fox's head as a hunng rophy mask . small hou se used y huners uning ox, sooting ox

• monarch's husan husand consort . husand remanng a home o loo afr he house nd ch dren ouseusand • husand of an unfahful wfe cuckod • deno ng a husand consaly upraded y hs wfe enpecked • servly of a husand owards hs wfe uxoiousness • cusom or sae of havng only one husand a a me monandry • cusom or sae of hav ng several husands a a me poy

andy hut

• holdaycamp

aet • wheeled each hu ting macine . unnelshaped cas  ron hu Nissen ut hu

hgene

• jective:

sanitary

. mae hygenc sanitie hmn .hymn sung as he clergy ener he church for a servce introit • hymn sung durng a processon processiona • hymn sung as he clegy leave he church aer a servce recessonal • Luheran hymn or s musc corae • Lan hymn on he Las Judgemen Dies rae • Lan hymn on he sferngs of he Blessed Vrgn a the Crucxon Staat Mater • Lan hymn venerang he Blesse Sacramen antu rgo hhen • hyphen used always ard ypen • hyphen used only when a wor s spl so ypen

hnos • herapy usng hypnoss ypnoterapy • semconscousness nduced y hypnoss trance • nsll

ng of deas n he mnd of a hypno zed paen: suggestion .denong suggesons neded o nuence e havour afer he rance has ened

postypnotic

i geld, glacal  ice coveing a age aea ce cap  sow movng mass of ice: glacer mass of

ice

 djecves

snow, ice, and rocs moving down a  tapeing aalance mountain pece of ce ccle  thn tanspaent aye of ice blac ce erglas  ice coating on fogound ojects: rme  strated ice sampe ganed y a hoow d core  oatng sheet of ice: loe, pack ce age oating oc of ce ceberg  area of wate cowded with oatng cs of ice pack ce  ea stretch of wate sur rounded y ice: polynya showe of compacted ie peets al  slide don an ice soe: glssade ship designed to ea hrough ice: ce breaker  uiding fo sto ng ice: ce ouse  saing vehice on sids fo traveing acoss ice ce boat, ce yact  peiod when much of the eath was coveed y ice ce age, gla cal perod   poued over cushed ice rapp



ice age

 denoting the mide peiod

etween two ice ages nterglacal

iceerg

 smal

iceerg: growler  oating ce deached fom an ice eg cal

ice cream  ice ceam made with wate sorbet water ce  conica wafe fo ice ceam: cornet taian ice ceam of vaious avous with gac fuits etc cassata taian wate ice: ganta  ice ceam seved with fut etc in a gass Kncker bocer Glor aat sundae  dsh of ice ceam, peaches, and iqueu:



eac Melba he Melba

ice ocke  uer dis used as a a: puc  attempt to pay a all n an opponents possession tackle celandic  Iceanic paiament Altng  medieva Iceandic pose naative saga icing  had white icing made fom icing suga and egg whites royal cng icon  icon screen n an Eastern chuch: conostass idea ceve idea concet  ey idea: catcword catcprase mis taen ut traditiona dea: old wes'  mistaen ut tale, sbbolet widey popar peception of a cerain type of peson etc stereotype  idea hed t e aove cticism sacred cow osessive idea de xe  des xes)  osessive nteest n a snge idea monomana  ideas as popety ntellectual property  ideas tangie expession embod ment  ceative idea npraton  ntoduction of new ideas: nno aton  system of ideas: deology  uncitica suppoter of his: deo logue  ejecte of his offeng no a ternative: negatst ideal  denotng an idea stuation

dyllc, utopan identical  geneticaly identica o ganism: clone identit  identity documents papers  hidng ones identity: n cognto  tem haituay seen wth a peson o thng, and sevng to iden tfy them: attrbute

ieolog

. cmbnng fm ism

(eg Fassm)  geneally acceped idoogy ohooy

dlen I  idlenes

agreeabe ideness dolce far nente, flere, lotuseatg frustrating but enorced inactivity doldrums • ide and irresponsibe person eedowell  physcay or mentaly ethargic: topd • ide and unambitous sless • ide about: loaf

ignorant

•



ignorant person go

amus

ignore

 deiberatey ignore an acquaintance cut, snub

illegal

denoting hings made or sold iegay bootleg . ocial's ilegal use of powers or funds entrusted to him malversato  alcohol distied iegay in Ireland poteen .alcohol disted iegay in the USA: moosne •

illegitimacy

. aeged heraldic in dicaton of iegtimacy bar snster, bed snster

illnes

. combining form: paty (.g neuropathy)  iess caused by germs n food food posong . identication of an ilness dagoss  feign iness to avoid work ma lge  empoyee's statement that hs absence was due to ness selfsufering • constant cerfcaton from imagined inesses ypoco dra  degree awarded to a person absen from the examnations due to  ness aegrotat  study of arborne microorganisms as sources of infection aeobology  cause of an iness aetology . tonguecoating in dicating iness f . denoting a pysica iness tat has a psycho ogica cause psychosomatc • denotng an iness caused by medica nterventon iatogeic • denoting an iness of sort duration acte • denoting a ong·asing or reurrent iness choc  denoing iness bearng a risk of death ctca • prone to ness delicate • sighty i below pa seedy e the wea

172

ter • proneness to a speced iness datess . suddenly become seriousy i collapse  abnorma sweat caused by iness dapoess • restess tossing of a sick person jacttatio • state of a patient showing no brain activity or response to stimui persstet vegetave state  school or workplace area set apart for those taken sck sck bay .re covery from iness convalescence recupeato

illusion

adjective llusory • u sion seen in a dsert mrage  iu sion seen on mountain peaks Bocke spectre  iusionist tech nque of mura painting trompe •

l'oel

illustration

iustration made from a imestone block lthograp  iustraton made from a cut linoeum block locut • iustration printed from a scored or etched metal plate  stration egravng printed from a cut bock of wood: woodcut • ney detaied woodcut wood egravng • iustration at the front of a book: frontspece • iustration used to f the page at the end of a chapter etc talpece iustration across the centre pages of a publication centre spread  sma ustration with edges faded away: vgete  position an iustraton to eave no margin: bleed • iustration of a mechanism showing the parts separaed for carity exploded vew • iustration of a mechanism showg its casing cut away cutaway  ius tration depicting an imagned slice throug the object represented coss sectio � see also egavg

iage



. combining form coo• images used to represent a person, idea etc icoogaphy • dreamike sequence of images: phatasmagora • worship of images conolatry • images degree of focus sharpness,

reae I d inrease  sty nrsng progressive  nrs rpiy escaate, proliferate inurae  cr of h inur pallative care  hospit for ths hospce indeent exosure  gnt x posur flashng  xposur of th uttoks mooning  running nk through  pul p streaking ideedee  omi in pnn aarchy, atarky, selfsffciency, selfspo  govrn mntl npnn atonomy,  motony selfdeterminan sfsufcnt selfreliant nian  combining form ndo.i of  hghlyrspt Inin mahama  Inin trton gs tur of gtng pranam  Inn po t form of rss to  mn sahb  Inin pot form of rss to  mtur womn memsahib .Inn nonthist rigion Jainism  for mr Inn rulrs maharaja, raja  ran) nabob, niam .mh rj's wf or wow maharani  grn rcption h y n Inn rulr drbar  Inn jug hakm, mnsf  Inin ownr amndar  Inin vilg ounil panchaya  Inin tritonl otor hakim  Inn hoy prson mn, sadh  Inin soir unr th r sey  Inin srgnt hvildar  Inin mnor o jamadar  In in poic const seoy  Inn sty mnshi .Inn nng girl nch gir  Inn nit dac . in phiv maho  nn ntiv ou ce  In i psnt r .Inin poi stk ah  nin fn nkah  g of owrs giv in wom maa  in os i ain ake  Iin y ov andor  oig  sy o i ooing using his anri  i post svi dk  sps ng

174

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own to  rvr n In ghat  In n tr wth frgrt tmr sandalwd  Inn wrhous go dwn  Inn rss wtr pot oa  cosur of usnsss s  protst harta  Inin poti srtgy of psiv rsstn satyagraha  In n wshng oths for pymnt dhob  Inin womns oi choli  Inn womn's oos trou srs tprg t th nk salwar  Inin womn's grmnt of  sng ngth of otton or slk sar  or tiv gol thr us on Inin oths ari  Inin onoth ng  Inn snk ofnts pnuts t Bombay mx  st m n n Inin sturnt or h mt pt on whch t  srv hal  Inn sh of nis n sugr sanf  Inin trm for urgn brinjal  hn k of Inn r chapai  thn risp spy Inn r oppadom   Inn unvn r nan, par  atha  sm fri p of unv  n r pri  Inin ri uttr ghee  Inn i rm klfi   Inn trm for r mt gosht  Inn mt koa  nin  ish of mt ook n n onion su dopiaa  Inn ish of smll pis of mrn mt or vgtls kka  Inin ish of urr mt n  tomto su rogan jo sh  tringu r svoury pstry samosa  Inin ish of spit pulss dhal .Iin ish of fr vgts bhji  In in ish of oil vgts wh spis chaa  nin ish of spi i w vgs c ban  In in grou spc mixtur masaa  Inin suc of spis n turmri or  ish usng it crry  Iin m fo spinh saag sag  Ini si ish of spi yoghurt wth cu umr raia  Inn swtm m fom mik sois n sugr   Inin swtmt of ttr in sy ai  i swtmt of

dget I m

75

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cheese syrp: guab aun  Inian ter for tea chai  Inian yogrt rink: assi  screen in an Inian hose concealing woen fro view: urdah  woen's arters in an nian hose enana  plan town poplar as a hoiay resort: h statin  grop of vilages in Inia: argana, ergunnah  travellers' rest hose in Inia dak bungaw  seasonl win in Inia: sn . rainy season i n Inia nn  Inian ter for a foreigner eringhee  Inian alphaet Devanagari  ancient nian literary lan age: Sanskrit  ancient an eieval vernaclar of north an central Inia: rakrt  Inan ter or ten illion e  Inian owe lte sard  longnecke Inian lte: sitar  nan forstringe nstrent with a resonator at eac en veena  par of Inian han rs: tab  raatic ance of sothern Inia: athakai  notepattern for iprovisation in Inian sic rag, raga . sty of Inian cltre: Ind-

g  ee aso curr, indu  aci inigestion: inigeion heartburn  loate feeling reslting fro ngestion: atuence inivial  combining form idi-

 for of speech particlar to one person: idect  inivil hai idi

sncras inlge  each an ru inria relaion  ecisionsharng etween anageent an workers: cdeteinatn  negotiation etween anageent an workforce representaties: cective bargaining  nresolve isagreeent etwen aageent an workers disute  thir party reeste to resolve a ispte: arbitratr  thir party reeste to assist the isptants' negotatios: cnciatr, ed ar  resrt to strikes rather than

negotation direct action  slowing or stopping work a a protest: ndstria actin  withrawal of laor as a protest: stage, strke . elierate rection of otpt y inte o servance of reglations: gw, wrk t rue  stattory interval for negotiation when strikes are threat ene cng erid  worker chosen as a workplace representative t hang no nion appontnt sh steward  grop of striers sta tione otse the workplace ce  picket willing to serve at other orkplace in icket  eployer's ex clsion of al workers ckut  al teration of an eploe's jo to encorage hi to resign: cnstructive dsissa .trae nion's clai of exclsive rights to a certain jo dearcatn disute . grant a nion workplace negotiation rights: recgnie  withraw sch rights: derecgnie  worker involveent i co pany goernent: industria

decrac  ee ao negtatn strike trade unin inry  new an growig instry: sunrse industr .ol an e clining instry sunset ndustr

 instry

spplying raw aterals for frther anfactre riar ndustr  tis frther anactre: secndar industr .econoic ac tivity in the spply of services: ter tar industr  instrial efciency

rductvt

 inlaaion of lining: eitonits  n

inlammaion

te aoen aation of the ans: rcttis  inlaation of the laer csttis  one inlaation: steits inaation f the rain: nchati . inlaatin of rain eranes en ng its  inaation of he rain an spinal cor: ecehatis . inaation of the reast: asttis  inaation o the cae c: hts  naation o e

i lm I a

                 �                                                                            -                    76   colon cols  inammation of the conea kratits  inammatio of th ear cankr otitis  inammation of the inner ear layrinthtis  inamaton of the ebow tendons tnnis lo  inammaton of the eye ophthalmi ophthalmitis  nam mation of the eyelid lphaits  inammation of the eyes mucus mem brane conunctvitis  inammation of bros tissue irosits  inam mtion of he gums gingivitis  in lmmion of the hert carditis  nmmaton of the ntestine ntriis  nammation of the jonts arthriis rhumatsm rhumatod rthrs chronc kdney ammaton nphrits Brights dsas  inammon of the knee housmais n  inammaton of the arynx aryngits  inammation of th lr hpatts  bacteial infecton causing inammaon of a lung pnumona  nammation of the mucus membrane of the bronch ronchts  inammaton of the musces rhumatism  inamma to of the nose rhintis  inammaton of an oary oophortis ovartis  inammation of the pericardium prdts  nammation of the pancres pancratitis  nammatn of the pluae plursy  inammtion of the prostate prostatts  nammaton of the rectum prottis  nammton fom skn ubng on skin ntrtrigo  skin inammton near a na htlo  skn nammaton or peeng from oeeosure to sught sunurn  iammaton of the retna rnts  ammaton of the spna cod my  nammaton of the membrane coeng the spnal cord mnngs  nammaton of he spna joints spondylts  nammaton of he speen splnts  nammaton of the stomach gastrs syphtc nammaton of the bran parss

 nammation of a tendon tndintis  inammation of the testcles orchits  inammation f the tissue around teeth prodontts  inam mation of the tongue glossits  in-

ammaton of the tonsls tonslltis  inmmion of the tahea trachtis  inammation of the uddr argt  nammation of the rethra urthrts  nammaion of the uteru mrtis  inammaton of the agna vagnts  inamma tion of ein as phlts patchy inammaton of smaer ens an gitis vascultis  inammaion of the oca cords or oce box laryngits  inammaton of the ua vulvitis  inammaton of the windpipe trachitis  inammation of the wrst tendons tnosynovts  disease causng gental inlammaton hrps simplx medicine to ease inammaton dmulcnt  so moist mass appied to reiee nammation poultc nlaton  nation caused by ncreased producton costs cospush  ination caused by unsatised demand dmandpul  inaton c companed by high unempoyment and stagnant demand staglaton nlecton  inecton of a Latin or Greek noun dclnsion  inecton of a Latin or Greek erb conugaton inorm  nform ofcay noty inormion  nformaton of mitary or potca alue ntllgnc  informaton desgned to misead dsnormaton msnormaton  nformaton desgned to furher a particular pont of ew propaganda  tem of information daum . daa)  pubshed nformaton ltratur  nformton booklet rochur  text and graphc information broadcast by teeson tltxt  ater infomaton to make t moe acceptabe launr  nfoma suppresson of in

fome I sde

77 formaton onspray o sene  nformaton sheet strbute to club members etc: buen newseer  stuy of the processes of storng an retrevng nformaton noras, noraon sene .enotng ocally secret nformaton assed  release of nfomaton: dslosure, dvugene  elberate sclosure of secret nformaton: eak . perso ong ths: oe . loath to gve nformaton: reen, unorhong  ncrease avalablty of n formaton ue to computers: noraon revouon . person supplyng nformaton soure noran,  perso sent ahea to reconnotre:

sou inome

 crminal

supplying n-

formaton to the polce: soopgeon

nark, grass supergrass inhaiant  cbnn fr: e (eg Isaelit)

. orgnal nhabtant

aborgna, auohhon inhei  persn who wll nhert her  thngs nherte: herage

 thngs

herte from one's father: parony . nhertance of pesonal characterstcs: heredy  gane by nhertance: heredary  elest sons rght of ihertance progenure  property nhertance settle over several geeratons: ena  prevent someone frm nhertng as he or she expects to o dsnher

iniative

 controllng

y injeion

 necton

nuenc stng ntate dead hand .estroy enthusasm an intatve: suprotectng

agans fecton nouaon, u nzao n vanaon  secon njecton to renforce the rst: booser  nstrument for makng njectons: syrnge  sposable njecton kt

syree ink  contaner for loang nk: arrdge

innoene

.emonstrate or pronounce a person's nnocene: eu-

pae inqui

.ocal nury nto the cause of a eath: nques nquisition  natonal rector of the Inuston: Grand nqusor  burnng of a heretc by the Spansh Inuston: auo da   aut da

f

nsition  scratche nscrton: grao . small at slab for a n spton: abe . stuy of acent nscrptos: epgraphy iset cbnng fr: enoo-

 nsect

n mmature grublke form arva, aggo  nsect  nactve stage between larva an ault: pua, hysals . larva of certan nsects whch evelops rectly nto he ault stage: nyph  trasformaton of an nsect between these stages: eaorphoss .mature nsect ago .nsect of greeny or blacky type lvng on plant juces: aphd  small black yng nsect swarmng on stll summer ays: hrps . same) hundery  nsect that has gane mmunty to treatmets employe to eracate t: superbug  nsect's feeng tube: proboss  nsect excement rass  kllng sects nseda  eat ng nsects: nsevorous  stuy of nsects: enoology inseiie  nsectce from powere plan roots: derrs  sectce mae from alrn now largely banne: dedrn inse  nsert between other tems:

nerpoae, nerpose, nersperse insie cbnng fr endo, nra (eg ntraranal)  evce nserte va a boy cavty to allow nternal examnaton: endosope  e vce gvng nse vews of the ear: aursope . evce nserte va he anus for ternal xamnaton of the coo olonosoe

ns          I                                                                   78   u st • tu tve ght percepton sto • caeful ecton scrutny .tour of npecton round

surnce • surance agant bad debt credt nsurnce • urance agant employee dhonety fdel ty nsurnce • urance agat • pect property a a potental le  lo or damage to property etc ndenty • urance agat the con or or purchaer e • whout n euence of he ured act lbpecon sgt n seen srato • ource of praton ty cer • urer own urance agat the rk undertaken rensuruse nce .travel company bankruptcy stuto • redental nttuton urance bond • motort nter for rphan orpnge  uon natonal urance gren crd .de etablhed by endowment foundnotg urance coverg peron ton other than the ured trdparty • ntructon book • um ad to effect urnce prensruto ndbook nul u .organzaton recevng the srut • obervg and record premum nsurer • peron payg g devce ontor • trument for the premum nsured polcyolder meurg alttude sextnt • n .premum creae eectng extra trument for meaurg ange prork lodng .premum reducton trcor • ntrument for mkng r for clamfree year nocls bonu s eaurg rght angle set sque • protecton provded by urance • ntrment etmatng the dtance coer • peron who calculae nur travelled on foot pedoeter • n ance rk and premum ctury trument recordng and meaurng arthuake sesogrp ses oeter • ntrument meaurng umdty ygroeter • trument eaurng lght tenty pooeter • ntrument meaurg l ud or ga preure noeter peoeter • ntrument montorg change n pule and breathg rate polygrp • ntrument meaurg a lope teene grdoeter • ap paratu tranmttg trument redng by rado teleeter nslton • water tank nulatng covr jket • ulatng cover for aer ytem lgng • ubtance gvng lmted nulaton seon-

dutor nl  ult by lack of attenton sliht  nult by total gnoral cut sn nne • tate nurance ytem for ckne and retrement tionl nsne • nurance ayable on  e deat of e ured eron life n

• peron

aeg payent to be made on clam oss duster •  urer payment of clam settleet • peron or company accetng lab ty for the payment prome by an urance polcy underer •  urance underwrter belongng to a Lloyd yndcate nae  nurance contract polcy • temporay nur ane certcate coer nte • claue modfyng the cover gven endorse-

ent excluson ltton rder

• tme durng whh an urance pol cy  eectve ter • cancellaton of

a lfe urance wth partal rem  buremen of remum ad surrn der • ale of a lfe nurance polcy  b a holder who  termnally  tic  settleent • category of n urance provded by an nurer lne • type of nurance olcy were ay ment  garanteed regardle of event ssurnce .type of ur ance ocy ayng a ed um on a tted date enowent polcy

 i

tell gece I  testes

79 . chievement of this dte maurty . denotng n insurnce policy entitling the holder to  shre in the compnys prots wthrots  de noting n insurnce policy covering loss regrdless of responsibility oault . insurnce sum pyble t deth reverso  denoting n insur nc policy pying only t the deth of the insured wholele  item or event specicly not covered by n insurnce policy: excluso  prt of n insurnce cim tht the poicy holder must py: excess  denoting n insurnce policy nnced by the enecir cotrbutory  denoting  motor vehicle insurnce covering most risks comrehesve  insur ance compnies ageement to ech reimburse their own clients oc-

oroc agreemet intelligence  scle for chld intel ligence: BetSmo scale  gure expressing  persos intelligence tellgece quote intellect . denoting interest only to n intellectu minority hghbrow

 intellectul

collectvely hghbrows the tellgetsa .de noting generl populrity mle brow  equing lile o no inte lect lowbrow mless

intention

people

 ploy designed to concel

ones true intentions: bl

interest  showing interest or con cern: solctous of current interest tocal  interest pid on citl only smle terest . interest pid



on cpitl nd on ccumulted nter est of previous periods comou terest . lowest vlble rte of interest on  bnk lon rme rate  Bnk of Englnds interest rte for lons to other bnks ba rate, base rate  denotng money vlble t high rtes of interest tght  gowth of  sum of money through interest erned accumulato

inteerence interference:

 policy

of

lassealler

non-

lasse

are internal

. combinin form eo . hving n internl cuse eoge

ous nternet . Internet section with d dresses shring  common sufx o ma  list of fvourite Internet sites hot lst . Internet network of hyper medi sites Worl We Web . move from site o site on the Internet su  skilled Internet user teraut, ete  compny providing Internet ccess servce rover .re les mteril on the Internet: ost

 denoting  computerized gme ply

ble over the Internet multuser  progrm retrieving mteri from the Internet search ge  pro portion of useful mteril on the Internet sgaltoose rato  proper wy to use the Internet

etquette interal  intervl between two suc cessive reigns etc terregum .en tertinment given in  thetre interv ermeo, etr'acte

interrution

 ggressive

verbl

interruption of  speech heclg

intestines  combinin eter(o)  jective eterc

form  prt of the intestine leding from the stom ch small teste  st prt of the smll itestine uoum  dude nums  dudena)  surgicl diver sion of the smll intestine eteros omy  second portion of the smll intestine jejuum . third portion leum  surgcl opertion giving n opening to the ileum through the b dominl wll leostomy  pouch t the junction of sm nd rge ntes tines caecum  inlmmtion of the cecum tylts . prt of the intes ine leding to he nus large tes te  min prt of the lrge intes tine colo  portion of the coln

in I   . . .  . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

80

  . . . .  . . . .  . .  . .   . .  . . .   . . . .  .   .  . .   .   .   .  .   . . . . .   . . . . . . .   . . .  . . . . . .  .  . . .   . . . .   . . . .   .  . . .   .            .     .  

ascendng from he caecum: ascendng colon  porion of he colon leading o he recum: descendng colon  horizon al porion of coon connecing hese: transerse colon  inammaon of he colon: cols  sma blind ube near he end of he large inesine: appendx  Sshaped secion preceding he recum: sgmod colon  na sraigh secion of he arge inesine: rectu  na openng of he recum: anus . devce insered via he anus o gve inside views of he colon colonoscope fbrescope . anal inserion of waer o ush ou he colon colonc rrga ton  surgical operaion giving an opening o he colon hrough he abdomna wa coostomy  he opening so formed: stoma  inesinal muscle movemen: perstalss  abdominal prorusion of he nesine erna . pigs inesnes used as food: ctterlngs  inammaion of he inesine enterts  disease of he inesine: enteropaty  pain in he nesines: colc  pail inesinal obsrucion leus .fding of one secon of inesne inside he nex: n tussuscepton  infecion of he smal inesine wih severe diarrhoea coera enterts  iecion of he inesines wih severe diarrhoea and bleeding: dysentery  chronic ulceraion of he ieum: rons dsease  sudy of he somach and inesines and heir diseases: gastroenterology  see ao boel

in

 combining form: ntro ..

intue  ' 

inrur  combining form: fore  inroducory speech or wrting: foeord preable  wihou inroducion: n medias res inuin dne inv person:

 discover

by nuiion

 sore place on a bedridden

bedsore decubitus ulcer

 sae paymen o he longerm sick:

ncapacty beneft invenin

 documen graning an invenor soe rgh o he expoiaion of his work atent

invesmen 

 iesmen

in projecs having an eemen of risk: speculaton  sum paid o purchase invesmens: prncpal  money for speculaive invesmen: rsk captal enture captal . reurn on invesmens: yeld . lis of invesmens made portfolio  cericae aesing ownership of investmens: securty  invesor's ne holdings a a paricular ime: poston  subsanal holding in he shares of a parcular company: stake  denoing a pofoio ha avoids invesmen in moraly suspec indusries: etcal  denoing an invesmen made wh borrowed capial leeraged  denoing invesmens wih an eay redempion dae sortdated . denong a consanly adjused invesmen porfoio: managed  company holding a wide and changing share porfolio and inving ciens o inves in he whoe: unt trust  proabiliy of invesmens: peorance  axfree ivesmen scheme personal euty plan  person lving o dividends from invesmens: renter  minimize risk hrough counerbalanced inves mens: edge . dispose of invesmens: dest  sudden widrawa by many invesors run

invvemen  effort mde o in volve ohers: outreac  involvemen wih an xpecaion of nancal gain:

ested nterest nwar

 combnng form

intro-

. intspetin

n neavely carged ion: anion  posively charged ion cation rnn

 ranan parliamen:

Majls

eld I sel

8

reland

 adective:

Hienia  Celic lnguge of Irelnd se

· ciizen

of Irend, especilly  n Ersespeker: Gael  re of Irelnd were Erse is spoken Gaeltacht  person wising Norern Irelnd o rein poliicl links wi e UK nionist, oyalist  person seeking e poliicl unicion f Irelnd: Na tionalis  periods of civ unres in Irelnd: the To les

rish Iris ccen: oge Iris bgpipes: llean pipes  Iris erm for  bech stand  Iris round wickerwork bo: coacle  Iris lig crrige: anting ca Iris cln: set  Iris cudge: shillelagh  Iris dgger: skea n  elf in Iris folklore: lepechan  Iri erm r n Englis person: Sassen ach  Iris funerl song coonach, keen  Iris ocil gering ceilidh  Irish rdiion rp: clasach  Iris gme resembling ockey: hling  Iris lke: logh  prlimen of e Iris Republic Oieachtas  upper ouse of is: Seanad  lower oue of is: ail  police force of e Iris Republic Gada  member of is: gada . ardai)  Iris poo bligh ain  ie of e prime miniser of e Iris Republic: Taoiseach  Iris fried selemen: dn  Iris femle spiri wose wiling porends de anshee  Iris nionlis erroris orgnizin Iish Replican Ay .Iris vley: glen Iris wizrd: pishoge  Iris erm for  young womn: colleen  ncien Iris lpbe: og ha  rdiion Iris lnguge Gaelic  Irisspeking pr of Irelnd: Gaeltacht  Iris gypsies' scre lnguge Shelta  Iris dis of boiled cbbge nd po es colcannon .Iris spiri dis illed from mled grin: whiskey  lcoo dislled ieglly in Irelnd

poteen

 plce were lcool is sold

ilegy: sheeen  Iris erm fr  ls drink deoch an dois  ed of governmen in Norern Irelnd: Fist Ministe  Norern Irelnd Proesn poliicl sociey: Oange Ode  member of is: Oangean  police force of Norern Irelnd

Royal lste Constalay

iron

 combining form:

e, side adective: eic, eos  block of crude cs irn pig  suc rn: ig ion  ure mlleble form of iron woght ion  co iron wih zinc galvanie  person working iron by d: lacksith  melworkers

disese cused by n ccumulion of iron dus in e lungs: sideosis

 Egypin irrigion de bucke on  pole shadoo

irrigation

vice of   Spnis irrigion device of buckes on  weel: noia

 adective: insla  smll islnd islet  smll islnd on  ke or river: ait eyot hol  remoe un-

island

inbied ropicl islnd: deset island  low corl islnd: cay, key  circulr corl reef group of islnds ec atoll  group of islnds: achi-

pelago

Man  adective: Manx  Mnx judge deeste  nx n ionl symbol: tiskelion  Mnx prlimen: Tynwald . lower ouse of is Hose o Keys

sle

o

isolation

 ring f rps ec isl

ing  plce codon  ring of roops ec isoing n infeced re codon

sanitae sraeli  Isreli coecive farm kib  Isreli smllolders cooper ive: oshav  Isreli inelligence service Mossad  Isreli naionlis ionist  Isreli prlimen: Knesset

 Plesin oppsn o e sre

 �   

. .

  . . . . . . . . . . .   . .  .   .   .     . . . . .       . . . . . . . . .  . . .    .     . .  . . . . . .  .  . . . .  .  .         . . . .             . .    

West Bank occupaton ntifada as Here Je

� 

.

of pzza, foded and ed alone  tn durum whet douh mde nto vrous shpes pasta  tn sraelte  promse mde by God to dsh of pst roed round  met or the ancent sretes ovenant  anveetabe n annelloni . tn cent srete war eder udge - dish of stewed mrrowbone: os so  tent shrne used by the ncent - uco  Italian ish of rice cooke  reltes taernale  bredke substock risotto  tn dsh of fred stnce eaten by the ncent srtes sefod fritto isto . tan dsh of n the esert anna  wooden chest sphett n a mnced me suce contnn the tbets of the L, crspagei Bolognese . tn dsh red by the ncent Isretes n the of sphett n  tomto sauce spa desert ark  s as ilial fig getti Napolitana . talan dsh of ures veal wth se eves nd ham talian . cmbining frm talo saltioa  tan dsh of ve n  tn pote form of ddress to   tun nd nchovy mayonnase vitello tonnato  tn dessert of mn signore  tan pote form of e yoks whpped wth sur nd ddress to  womn sigora . ta Mars aaglione  tn desan pote form of adess to a youn sert of spone soked n sprts nd womn signorina  tte of n tn coffee tiraisu  taan dessert re dcttor uner Fscsm due . tal sembn tre uppa inglese an nme for southern ty Meo tnstye ce crem gelato  tn hequnde  tan giorno ce crem of vrous avours oedia dell'arte  sma tn wth c fruts etc assata hote pensione  trdtonal conc  tnstye wter ce granita stone house of southern ty trullo  taln so buevened cheese  tn motorway autostrada  ne Doleltte ™  tan hrd bue tn cooured pottery aiolia vened cheese Gorgonola  tn  sma tan resturant traora hrd dry cheese Presan  talan  tn pubc squr e piaa  ta- so whte unsted cheese riotta n aerted bread made wth ove o . taan ewesmk chese peorino iaaa . t taan bread me  taln crem cheese asarpone wth ove o foaia  tn . rm whte taln cheese o bred mde wth es fru nd butrella  mzeower pste polenta ter paneone . panen)  thn  taln suce of bacon, e, and talan bredstcks grissii  tosted crem aronara  tan pst taln bred drenched n olve o sauces arinara, pesto  taan rusea  tn hors doeuvre suce of rlc, cpers, nchoves, nd antipasto  taln veetble soup o salsa verde  Itln hck toiestrone  taln omelette frit mto pste passata . tn sprk tat  tn rw cured hm pro siutto .taln rlc sue sa ln whte wne spuate  tn lai  spced Itln pork suse ornevoured queur Strega ™  tln nseedvoured lqueur mortadella  talan peppere pork sa ua  taln rape brndy nd beef suse pepperon  tl· grapp an potto dumplns gnohi  tl· n dsh of t douh cooked wth  th  tchy feeln s  of nts crwsvoury toppn pia  Italn dsh n over the skn orition  tch

83 ing istes on the skin ca • topia goin ith do itc • dg eieing ithing antipruritc .key item lincpn • st item on whih othes ae modeed prototyp • singe masspoded item unit . smal deoatie item ot drt . bjets dart) • witten

item

tem I tself item ntry • item kep as a e· minde nto souvnr .item whose te ae is neaied fo some time slpr . assoted items iscllana • nspeed items sundris • os of poding one f· the item argin al cst

itsel . in itself pr s

Jj  membe of a Jamacan cmna gang arde  Jamacan e

Jamaian

gon egadng Hae Seasse as God Rastafaransm

Jaanese

 Jaanese uddhsm emhsng medtaton en  Ja nese uddhst teache bone Ja anese uddhst festva of the dead Bon  Jaanese busness hosohy of contnuous movement kaen  fome ttes of Jaanese emeos Mkado Tenno  Jaanese tad tona esonage nnutsu  eet ths nna  Jaanese fencng kendo  heedtay commande n feud Jaan sogun  Jaanese feud wao samura . same  Jaanese antng on ae o sk kaemono  Jaanese at of ae fodng orgam  Jaanese at of owe aangng kebana . Jaan ese osttue gesa  Jaanese na tona egon Snto  Jaanese ats of sefdefence akdo, utsu karate  genea nde of Jaanese shae ces N kke ndex  gate to a Shnto shne tor  sdng doo n a Jaanese house so . Jaanese sucde bombe o ts ot kamkae  Jaanese ta of svng and dnkng tea tea ceremony  Jan ese uet theate bunraku  Jaan ese adtona heate No  ou a veson ofths kabuk  Jaanese system of theay by ayng nger essure acupressure, satsu . Jaanese dwarf tee bonsa .Ja anese wrestng sumo  sumo cham on: yokouna  Jaanese oose obe: kono  sash won wth ths ob  onamenta bo susended fom ths nro . Jaanese caved

J

 buttonke onament netsuke

 Ja-

anese dsh of ged chcken eces yaktor  Jaanese dsh of cod ce wth vegetabes sus  Jaanese edbe seaweed nor  Jaanese aco hoc drnk made fom ce sake  Jaanese sylabc wtng: ana  omanzed tansteaton fo Jaanese roma  Jaanese tem fo Jaan Nppon  Jaanese oem of 7 sylabes aku okku . same  Jaanese oem of31 syabes tanka

. same

jar

 gass esevng ja Klner ar

 Geek

and Roman stoage ja wth two handes and a onted base am

pora jargon jagon used by a artcua gou argot  ncomehensbe technca jagon tecnobabble  jagon of oua sychoogy psycobabble jaundie  ve dsease oducng jaundce epatts Jaa  Javan ecusso ochesta gamelan jaw  adjetives gnatc maxllary  anmal's feasome jaws ma owe jawbone mandble  ue jawbone maxlla  havng a rojectng owe jaw prognatos  aay ss of the jaws locka trsmus ja  mosed wodess jazz sngng scat jell  aetive gelatnous jey made fom meat o sh stock aspc jelyke substance ge  substance fom whch jely s made gelatn  dsh served n asc galantne llh .jelyshs centa dsc umrel

jester I jo

5

ester

.jesters cap: esters baton bauble partcoloed suit moly

coxcomb .jesers

jet jet fue kosn paran ol

 jet engne n which a turbnerien

fn prodes era thrust: turboan  jet engne whose gases operate a urieven compressor turboj jet enge i hih a rbne rives a propeler: tuboprop  prousive force of a jet egine thrust  a cur rent behnd a et engie: slpstram  extincton of a et engnes ame

lamou ew  cmbning frm Juda . JudaeChrstian)  jectves Judic Smti  egendary Jew sai to he moed Chrst: aing w of  Je born  Isrel abr  cent o easter Eo descent: Ashaz (. Ashka lagage ed by ,es of cer an easte ope: idih  Je of Sais r Potugee esen Sphardi  epham)  guage ued y ceran Meiterrea Jes La o  Soet Je nt aod to go to rae usenik  re dsper so of he Jews: io isprio  greetng beee Jew shaom  ews nted automto gm  Jei relus cue: Jism  colg fo Orhodox Jews shia . Jeis aer n a cy ghto  ish  alevoet sit: yu  oazed f Tew 19thc_ Russia: ogrom  Hitle's porme fo e exerio opea es i so uion oocaust  free o Jews drin . nonJew Gnil . Jew ish term for nnJe goy . Jewi erm o a Chstian aan





jewelery

 smple

jeery orn in a peced ea or noe stud  sma cheap iem of jewelery: trinket  sham jeweery orn on ressy occasons costum jwly  decorae

i sch jeweery diamant jew eled headband: diadm tiara  jeweery hangng frm a chain: pndant  sma ornamenal case on a chain: lockt  pece of jewelery with a reef portrait camo  jeweer's magnifyng gass loup

j

 jectve

ocatonal job done a home cottage industry  secondary or mnor job aocatio sideline  ave a second ob molght jb  hich no or is requred sincur easy job; id y .job requng formal qucations possion  appropriae  congenal job: nich . tresome jo: chor  enthy underakng: mrahn  denotng a job requg boritesie n wokers

 enon a ob ot reqng secial ist sks: noprosional  rede

or eradice he lement of sk reque by a job: skil  viso a job a its pay betwee sever  loyes jobshaing  esseti to jo's succesfu copeto msio rtcal  risk nvoe n a ob: ocuptioa haad  oeless assgment ools rrand  noccpie job acacy  person appl or a job liant candidate  or eanatio of sch eope: nri  person tesyig to an plca ablity: re  trl perd be ore cormation of pone probaton . appoint to a job: minae  abty o d o a ob compn  elsively assigne o a pacu jb ddicad  hadng down one on asks to a subordnate dlea  give out such a task: depu dole  specil or temporay as asignmn  etad descrip of hs erms o rerence  empory postng aa rom he usua or place scomnt . move to an othe job n the same organaton: psting, transer  giving jobs to ones etves d ied nepotism







jockey 

J

an ativity that is not a paid job nonprofessional  trade union's lam of exlusive rghts to a erain jo: demarcatin dispute � appr?ach an employed peron oer� h a ob elsewhere: head h unt gIve up a Job voluntarily: resign  laving jos by volutary retrement or resigaton: jobnatural wastage, wastage hntng help given to redundat hart c  employees: outp laceme nt showing interrelaton of a rm's jobs: organization cart _Jocke . , y .Jockey s coloured ouft: siks  joe's helmt skullcap  weIghg f a okey fore  OCIal and after a rae: wegh-out, wegh-n n .join metals wit an alloy: sodr join ropes by interweaving strands: spice n . mbining for: co- .. co-thor) arthr-, zygo .. zyotic)  a and soket joit enarthosis (pl nrthross) .hip joit: coxa  kee jot i horses, dogs, et: stife .one overng the knee joit: kneecap, patella .having unusualy exble oints: double-joined .paiful nammaton of the jots: arthrtis, rheumatism, rhumatoid arthitis .paifu twistig of a joint spain  dsplaement of the bones i a joint: dslocation .fuson of ones i a joit ankylosis .degeneration of bone and artilage in onts: osteoarhitis  thin arilage in ertain joints mniscus (pl mnisci)  joint wt beveed or noth ends sca joit bseting a rgt angle: mir mr-oit ont for pping uion oit able to transt rotary power a any angle: univrsa Oit mor tse and tenon joint ovai  sep shae ood jont ra  reessed oint part morise  protruing nt part: to  board ontng it terlokng riges an ollos: •

•

lay or ement sealig a joint: lne made y the edges of a seam

joke .joke exploting a word's

ent meanigs pun, quibbl crcial fnal sentence punch line _ < .  un  ourney by ShIP e voyag . �ong sea or spac  voyage  ourney to  holy place g . mage . repeated Journey over xed route: rou �d, un  ourney: tk .ourney made for �: spei purpose: mission journey not covering the sam!' ground: round trip .part of  jour ney: eg  i te ourse of a journe en oute  esaished enroute stop pig plae: staging post .rght t( make a journey: passage .pay f one's journey y work en route: wol on's passage .end a shedule journey terminate .ocial reo  of a ship's or arraft's ourney log Judi Jewsh mysial ite pretation of te ld Testament: Ka baah .Jesh ommentary the ld estament: Masorah, rash Mishnah .Jewish law as tained n te rst ve ooks of te  Testament Trah  ordinane n  found in te Torah ut held to ha been gven y Gd to Moses traditio I  ancient orpus of Jesh ceremon8  and ivil law amud Jewish national saviour  Jewish movement following tradtonal law in its entirety ox Judaism  Jeish moement f loing te la as oed for mode ondtions Reorm Judasm   ! ent Jeis professional teologi an jurst scri Jeis leaer or teaer ai  sen rabb yan (pl ynm)  rabbi" wife rn  raing oege rabbis:

sminry, yeshiva  Jewis relgious scool: ch ede r  school g 

Ju I judget

8

    .   . .  .  . .  .  . . .  . .  .    . . .      .   .     .    .  .    .   . .   .    .   .  .  . . .  . .  .      . . .    .  . .   . .    .  .  . . .                 .  . . .. .     .  . .   





g nstrucon n Jews raons Tl mud To  sudy of Jews rad oa aw Tal mu d Toa . supreme counc and o of ancen Jerusa lem Sandn  day of relgous ob servance and absnence from work sbbat  c observer of e sab ba sabbatan . Jews deary reguaons asut  denon food a cofoms o Jews deary reg latons kos  enong food a does no conform o Jews deay re gulaons tfa  denong anmas a Js ma ea: clan . Jews erm for leavened food cam . Jews ueavened brad mo  bred een on e sabba calla . Jews sabat ds o mea and ve geabls colnt . Jes ds of sued s gl fs  Jews blessng of e before e abba ddus .Jews cusom o marry ng one's brers wdow lat  buildng for Jews relgous obser vance and srucon synagogu  Jews branced candlesck mno  ouer camber of e Jews emple oly lac  nner camber of e Jews emple oly of ols  curan closng o e oly of oles: vl  Orodox Jes skucap ppa yr mu   sma box worn by Orodox Jew a prayer fontlt ylacty  prer sawl tallt  corner assels on s tstst . Jews grl's comng of age cere mony bt mva  Jews boys comng of age ceremon ba mva  Jews new year fesva Ros asana  Jews d of repenance

f

Day of Atonmnt Yom Ku

 Jews commemoraon of e delv erance from gp Passov  ex reced a is Haggada  Passover

ceremony and mea Sd . Jews arves fesva ast of Ws Pntcost Savuot . Jews om memoraton of e journey ou e wderness ast o Tabnacs

Succot . Jews er m for e abode of e dead Sol .Jews erm for el Gnn � see ao br srl salt judge  jective udca .jdge  a Cuc cou ofcl ncal  ndan judge m  uslm judge cad m  le of an Ap peal Cour judge: od Justc  e of a Hg Cou judge M ustc  le of a judge n Scoland s

 eper advser wo ss w a judge n ecnca cases sssso  barrs

er servng as a arme judge  cod . polie form of adress o a judge You ods  .judges sum may f argmens a e end of a case summng u .judges drec on o a juy on pons of law cag stucton .judges oer fr e forceen o a law nuncton .de nong a judes provsona rulng ntlocutoy .judges ncdenl re mrk obtr dctum .judges oce for prvae eangs cambs .judges nerary o varous ous: ccut . crcu judges admnra ve assan masal  crcu judges oca accommodaton odgngs .judges wg and robes cout drss .judges regarded colecvely

t bnc t udcatu t udcay  aemp o corrup a judge mbcy judgement .judgemen on pay mens or ossessons aad .judge men awarded on e defendan's fai ure o plead udgmnt n dfault . dvorce cour's judgemen dc  judgemen a mus be folowed subsequen smar cases cdnt  reference o suc a judgemen ctaton  denog a provsona judge men ntlocutoy  w orderig e enforcemen of a judgemen rt o xcuton  performance of a con racua oblgaon ordered by a cour scc omnc  vg good

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udo I stification

                                                                       188

judgemet sagacous • showg .jury memer uror .j ury's spokes  careful judgemet udcous ma foreman • lawyer's ojecto to udo .judo expert udoka .judo a memer o the jury callenge • de otg a challege ade without reasuit udog .judo jacket g  .judo so eremtor • writ summoig mat doo • poit scored  judo on . sed oe's oppoet to the sustitute jurors tales  sustitute groud tro �s aso martal arts juror talesman .judge's drecto to ug . large water jug eer .large a jry carge nstructon arrowecked jug flago .low jug decisio erdct .jury's commet for gravy or sauce boat .jug shaped added to ts verdict rder • period a ; jury speds  private cosiderg its  ad paited to resemle a ma's head verdict retremet  tob u g ! uic • sour juice otaed from ustic • system of justce where he judge or magstrate acts as prosecu  fruit eruce tor nqustoral sstem • system of um .jump made wth the ad of the justice where the judge or magstrate "I hads or a pole ault • sideways adjudcates etwee prosecutio ad  hadsprg carteel jump aout defece accusatoral sstem • playfully gambol • jump o some ofcourt egotaos etwee thg to capture t ounce • sprug ecuto ad defece lawyers to secure stck for makg large umps ogo a reduced charge  retur fo a adstck • sheet stretched taut for jump missio of gult lea bargang g o tramolne un • orametal juk brcabrac usticatin � justc tio_ of coduct aologa .logca Jun • Greek a: Hera to ratonale • ustcao of a the  Juitr • Greek a Zeus ory aologetcs .justcato ur • dotg a offece requirg a actio or opio ground • earl 1 jury tral ndctable .elst a jury ier evet adduced i justcatio re  manel .  a ury wth persos cedent  that cao e sympaetc to oe's as ack unarrantable

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J

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Kk angaro

 me

kangaroo buck  feme kagaroo do yog kan aoo joy

aate



. karate expert krk  krte exercises k kic k mde wt body rotato oundou kck  po t scored  krte ion �see als ri r



y  ey oeng severl ks: r ky  ky klo y  loc k opened onl y  key  ddlock

 rorm or score in 

no y

dernt key

 stndd

nguge keor lyout

 nglsh

qu

knjk  k c k d ith   ci kic ey  cmbnng fm h rn  djtves  ric  oable : oing kidy  chroc ky nlamaton nr Bri di  e ch  

 rele kck

purco  he blod y an tc k ey  dyi odlyi  stole ss frmg n k e 



 y

kidny on  clculu _ al ul) n ncrion mdil treent of he kdey nroogy  urgicl rv f  kn n ry   kll y deprvion of ir yi uoc k by behed ing dc k by electrc shock lcrocu  kil by covering th no se nd mouh o  k secretly k wy wi  be se crey kied by the stte d  kill by str ton: grro hro ki an ana umely droy u dow u o l  kl n lrge ners cr lugr

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 kil most f dc  k  perso condened to deth cu   ckly dc  k selecely cu  ethblo cou d gc . s  e)  l st  persns to b   l  plce hee nims e klled bo lugrhou  ocs whn an ersos  ilny ke bloo ood spo h voves th hutn wodg o kllg of nl lood or



r

. cmbnng m cd . ee) ers p of unblnc met stte di id niy one d s  recompee cerin sctes b  llr o h  tim's reives od oy









 cmnngrm cid eberte unl ng urdr ocid  uremdtted k nlg ccident kll o o e '  on : cd kl o c n i ere  cme u oid  hich o  cn ttc dr  ki seleed nis ul  klng ones rthe o ier rrcd k n of  c less thn one yer  nfnicid l one ther  d  kll  od  icd  ng n ncrble : uni rcy klng ng an nt y abanonmet  deset pce:  our  kl ons oher d  klng  ucd k g  pe or oher   rrcid  kilg  ublc ure b  surprse ttk ino klg s  p u s ent  cil un  kln  so o gh lcid  oe







k 

  



g



n





 ii

k ng I Korean

19

 . . . . . .  .  .     .     . . . . . . .  .  .       . . .   . .   .  . .         . . . . . . . . .    .  . . .  . .    . . . . .   .      . . .       .    . .  .  . . .   .    . . .  . . .     . . . .   .       . ...

rece . killing a tyrat: rann ce  klling one's wfe: uxorce  klling large numbers: massacre  klling an entre people: enoce  klling all lfe: boce

k   adjectives roal real person governing during a monarch's absence or incapacity: reent  disease formerly thought to be cured by the sovereign's touch n's evl .kling a kig rece kss  perfuctory kiss ec  deep kiss Frenc ss soul ss  kss and cuddle: canoole  adjtive: kc culna  sma kitchen sculle  kitchen on a shp or arcraft: alle  kitchen tools and equipment: battere e cus  ne uensls _ service opening in a kitchen wall: ac ke  knee joint in horses, dogs etc: se  bone covering the knee joint: neeca atella  tendon behind the knee amsrn . inlam mation of the knee ousema's nee

kfe

 knfe

with a folding handle: clas nfe jacnfe  knfe with a springloaded blade: c nfe  kfe with a sharp replaceable blade: Stanle nfe T  pocket kne with several blades and other tools Sss arm nfe . heavy jungle knfe: macete ana  surgical kfe ancet scalel  knfe handle: a l  shank of a knfe blade en· cased in its handle tan  cover for a kife blade: seat  knfemaker cutler

n  h  knights moted mock combat joust tlt  place for this lsts .joustg competitio tourna ment tourne . kghts exercse of chargig against a revolvng mark tltn  ths mark qunan place for ths: tltard  kghts warhorse destrer  cofer a knighthood o ub

. see also

chvalr

kn   set of knitting instructions: attern  create stitches: cas on  terminate stitches cast o  move a stitch from one needle to the other: sl  rightwards stitch lan . lewards stitch: url  alternaton of plain and pu stitches: rb  ne kitting wool fnern  medium thick knitting wool: ouble nttn  thick cun knitting wool:  diameter of knitting needles: aue k  knot udone by a pull l not  knot easiy loosened tc  knot joining two ropes: ben loop with a running knot noose .ornamenta knotwork made with string macram  knotted lace: tattn  not kw known: obscure  knowing everything: omnscent  cmbining forms: kw  e

noss (eg prognosis), nom (e.g aeronomy). so (e.g phlosophy)  adjective estemc  basic know ledge: elements ruments .trad itional knowlede: lore  scholarly !  shalow eruton knowledge kowledge scolsm  slight know ledge nln  deep knowledge: ton  instinctive knowledge: ntu on  social knowledge: savorfare  knowledge before the event reco nton  knowledge after the event: nst . knowledge of many sub � jects: olmat  knowedge  know everythng: omnscence ledge of a specied topc: lterac  involving

several branches of know lede ntersclnar  done in ful 1 kowledge ttn  people wth spe cial kowledge llumnat nsers  person eager to dsplay hs or her I knowledge: eant  person ig t be knowledgeable sc 0   phlosophical study of the atue of 1 . kowledge: estemolo knucke  metal stregtheer nucleuster  Korean  Korean martal art tae kon do

LI e . label atached o a pan or e tll oaory . laboraory work able bench . laboraory orer rep ing ad mang equpen tech n  happenng  he laoraory raher han s naal envroen n vto � see aso scentc equp

ent making .lace ade by hand y g eghed hread: obbn l pil ow lce • core obn lace w geoercal deg torchon tochon lce . lace ade by hand  hole ch needle ce, pont lc • knoed lace made wh a hu e tttg  heavy oue hea gmp . cuhon on ch he lace  ade plow ak • lack of he bac necee of lfe deprvaton akng . combiingform less  witless)

ader  laddder ed for roof ork ctlddr  cropece n a ladder: rung ae

• adectie

lcustrne .Sco h lake loch • Irh lake lough  ma mouna lae trn . cved ae  a orer rver bed oxbow lke

• a lae epaaed fro he ea y a reef or anbank: lgoon • aal and plan lvg on he bed of a lae epbenthos • m ppg of lake h drogrph . udy of lake lmnol



og ama • chef Laa of Tbe D Lm • pole form of adde o h our Holness . econd aa of Tbe Pnchen Lm, Tsh m

ame

. Ih g laen ken • Sco agppe laen pboch • poe laeng he dead eleg

and

• adjective

terrestl r ner' ghn o ad lndf  ar rval on and lndll • y land over nd • rronded by lnd: ndlocked • narrow rp of land sthmus nek, sit • mal area of land plot . land ao copleey urrounde by waer cpe, hed lnd pensu promontor  aea of level hgh land plteu, tablelnd . large lan a connent • ege of a lad a covered by oean con nentl shef • rg ae r ooded lnd der clvaon re clm • gradual ng of an area of land subsdence lad  Holand reclamed fo he ea: poder . land

 Ea Anga reclaed fro he ea fen . large fenland dranage dch dke • exeve aea of eroded and unculvabl land bdlnds • marh ad weld • oen land wh poor ol heth, heathlnd moor  denong land a ha  no been cleaed or cad: unm proved . land cleared by lah-and brn ehod swdden • aehec proveen of lad lndscpng . lan epoaly on o ga le • gazg land: psture • eno and roducg crop rble fertle • denog land nable o produce crop stere • denog land ha canno be culvaed proably: sub margnal • rern of ferle lad o ee condon desetfcton  denog agrcua land le un own fllow  and aen ou of pro . d under uco setsde

I I                                                                                        �. ctivaton tllge, tlth . land at tached to a house curtilage .farm land owned by parish cergy glebe  agricultural holding smaer than a farm smllholdng . property in buildngs and land rel roert relt  narrow strip of land project ing nto water hedlnd, eninsul  narrow strip of land connecting two larger areas sthmus  narrow strip of land projectng into the holdings of others anhndle  intrusion upon anothers land by bulding etc en croachment  entering anothers land without permission tresss  right to cross anothers land ese men, rght of wy, w leve  right to cut turf or peat from anothers land turbr . anothers right to cross ones land servitude  limitations on lands use imposed by its vendor restrictive covennt . piece of land in public use common  right of pas turage on a common commonge  ownership of land or the land wned domn  denoting land own ershp territoril  unlawful interfer ence with an owners enjoyment of his land nusnce  unlawful occupa tion of land squttng .medieva system of land tenure feudlism  landholder under this system feud tor  absolute ownership of a piece of land freehold, fee smle  hold ing of land for a period of years lese hold . land held by lease holding  terms under which land is held ten ure  tenancy for a xed period term of ers . person who buys up land in order to build on it develoer  a governments right to take privately owned land into public use eminent domin  the taking o f such land e rortion  open land upon which development is not permitted white lnd  preserved open land round a city green belt

lalr

 money paid to the land

lord by an incoming tenant

ke

mone

. landlord's expulson of a

tenant evcton

lanmark mark crn lanwner

 chief

 pile of stones as a land  adjective

lnded

landowner in a rural area squre  Scottish landowner lrd  landowners agent blff

l  nscape  snowcovered landscape snowsce . moonlike landscape moonsce  height differ ence f landscape elemens relef

 wearing

away of the landscape by natural forces eroson

language  cmbining frms li ngu, ese (eg Chinese) glot  ad· jectives lngul, linguistic  express in a different language trnslte  everyday language vernculr  pretentious language bombst, mgniloquence  harshly crtical or abusive language nvective  delib· erately misleading language doublese, newsek . language of a particular group or profession cnt

 obscure

laguage of ofcial documents ofclese  obscure technical language rgon  confusing or meaningless language mumboumbo . language as people actualy use it role  language as described in grammar boks lngue .form of a language used by ordnary people demotic  regional or social subform of a language dilect  language spoken by a person from eay childhood mothr tongue  person who has learnt a language thus ntive seker  distinctive language of an indvidual diolect  language shared by several nations kone  denoting a language currently spoken living  denoting a language no loger spoken ded  denoting a group of languages that includes rabic and Hebrew Semtc .denot ing a group of languages derived from an earlier form of German Germnc

93

anguag  ava

 denoting

a group of lguages erive from Latin Romce denoting a group of languages that inclues Russian ad SerboCroat Sic .language use by speakers aving no common native tongue ig simple traing language fc rawn from several sources idgi form of a native language that has been heaviy inuenced by a pidgin cee artcial language proposed for internationl use Eeo .a further lnguage eveloped from Es peranto do artcial language for scientists and technicians eig .language n which words are inected by changes of pitch oe gge language used to analye another megge .denoting a language spoken with many mistakes boe .andbook of useful senences in a foreign language he boo temporary ability to speak in a language normally unknown to the speaker gool in or ble to speak two languages biig in, or able to speak, three lanages ilgl in or able to speak, several languages ogo in a mixtue of languages mcic stuy of language giic .study of language as a series of nterrelate systems c giic .use of computer techniques to anlyse language comiol igc collection of machinereaable texts for computer anlysis co .analysis of related langages to reconstruct ter common source comstudy of pi igiic language in relation to soil fctors ocoigiic .study of te history of langage  hioog study of language sounds hooog spelling rues for a language ohogh .rules for using a langage gmm basic sound unit in a language phoeme pitched phoneme in a tone langage oeme





























s









 basic meaning uit in a laguge ememe ememe  basic word nit in a language moheme  person skie in foreign languages igi  in or knowing one language moogo

mogl

.foreign language teaching usng only the language taught diec mehod room  with electronic gadgetry for languagelearners gge boo



 cobg

ge

fo: mco maenmis) meg  megahne) mego  mega s) .remarkably or unnaturlly



large gigi odgio excessively large iodie extralarge igized oize quite large qeize .large and bulky -





wied yx

 jecve:

ryge .in ammation of the laryx rgi

 instrument

for examining the ar ynx gcope .surgicl incision into the larx goom study of the larynx arygolog



se me

 laser using microwaves  laergenerated three-

dimensional image hoogm American defence programme using satellitemounted lasers r w



egic deece iiiie st

.last event fie .last but one eime last but two elonglasting eepeime



il

te



 lathe

spindle me .lathe's adustable holder for the  workpiece chc .person working  wood on a lathe e

 asuppressed laugh ug hce gge  causing laughter ibe 

 denotng

lava igeo

rock composed of

to toy

 l

94

 decve:

vori

 ouside lavatory privy  denoting a lavaory in use egged  dening a lavaory no in use: vc  com parment for one person in a avatory

 

 decve

eg .aw govern

ing he punshmen of fenders cr w .law governing rela ions beween ciizens: cv w pr v w .law governig relaons beteen ctizens and he sate pbc w law governing docors edc rdece .law of realiaton ex io .law of he counry i  whch he oece was commte ex oci law of he counry n whch he case s hea: ex for  wrien law mae by prlamen e w .law erive from cuso and judi cal precede: coo w law as esablshed by he oucome of former cases: ce  se of basc las or cpes by whch a sae s gov ee coiio collecion f aws code dge .complee collec on of laws pde raft law sub me for parlamenary dscusson: bi ex of a law as approved by par lamen c .lcal aw byw nernatinal law: i ge Jewsh law Hch .church aw co w .expe in canon law: co .collecion of canon law ecisions Decre .aw seng ie lis for commencemn of cer ta acons e f o .law no longer observe: ded eer enot laws inene to goven  as oences: rerocve reropec ve  eron below te age of  egl espobty: f or  eso o longe tecte by the law:  uvesal moal n cples: r  geeal law o prncple co egal cocept of ata jusce eiy .legal e ess reed lega heory: r egal exer: r rdece

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 suspenson o posponement of lega proceeings y  dening a harsh law drcoi  src enorcemen of a law zero oerce  freedom f acion er he law cvl bery v righ  through ack of concern for he law or facs per icri  breach of  aw:  frigee  e

libere isobedence of ceran laws as a proes cv dobediece .lw's rovison for conscentous ob jecion cociece ce rue sense f a w: iede .foreg dplomas mmuniy o local laws dpoic y ocal r caon of a law co requre y law:  a ers   a h r ac copory .mee he laws requrements coply exreme srcness in inerpreig or impe menng he law: rgor break a law: corvee revoke a law re seze aer lega n pe recd fringemen: ipod branch of he law dealing wit ships an he sea d iry denong legally accepabe evdence dibe .ega rick ery: chicery academic sudy of I law jriprdece denong a per son engaged or acting for the duraton of a lawsu d e advise an r rese person of hs egal righs: c denoing a legal sysem in o  whch a prosecuor ares hs case before an independent judge ccor i denoing a legal sysem n which he judge himself conducs the prosecuon iqor ocal having he force of aw decree per me by aw eg ci n accord ace wh the aw  in acorance wh a ced law r o beyond oes legal poer: r vires • eakening faw in a law: oop hoe • having o lega f orce: n  declare an act viy  illegal: cri inize • cease to r gar d an activiy  as il-

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lega : decri m i n al ize .failur e to per f or m an act r equied by  la w:

lawcur  lawcu

9 nonfeasance

.lega categorization of a minor crime: common .lega term for persona possessions: good and chaels .lega term fo serious deliberae injury: grievous bodily arm lega tem for less seous de liberate ury: actual odily arm .legal cntrols over use of electonic data: daa protection lega work on tansfer of property: conveyancng lega hages costs tempray suspension of a law: amnesty ss pension of a nation's lega system when der military govenment martial aw .not legy vaid  void .outside lega control: extralegal �  o document, judge, juy, just

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ce Mulim, sentence, verdic

 djecve  judicia, jurdical .cour for under-age oendes yout court  cicuit court taking crimina cases: Crown Court  court  fo civil cases and judical eview: Hg Court of Justice  divsion of this o commecial and maitime cases: Queen' Benc  division of this fo pobate, bankuptc and equity: Cancery  division of this

cour

 fo famiy law: Family .court fo ap peals against both civil and crimina  judgements Court of Appeal gen ea title for the Crown, High, and Ap pea courts Supreme Court of Judi rule book of the Spreme cature Court: Wte Book .military court: court martial pl cuts matia r cut matias) court deciding of money: small clams fr smal curt in which a case claims ourt is rst head: court of firt ntance .court rying minor oences: court court o ummar jurisdiction whose decisions have weight as prece dents: superior ourt uocia court kangaoo court denting a topic within a court's jurisdiction a court's cognizale jutial power to decide a matter compe tenc, jurisdition .court's written

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command: writ orde fo a person to attend a cout: summons, su bond paid into poena, process court to guaantee eturn: bail, reog argument presented in nzance court submission tial conducted n court: proceedings .court's de cision  judgement gie this: ass  judgement delay givng this: re court's declar serve judgement ain of guilt conviction divrce courts udgement: decree courts cancelation of a cla: striking out courts falure to reach a correct de IIOn: miscarriage of justce higher courts direction to a lwer court mandamus .reconsideration of a lower couts decision: revew overturn the decision of a lwe court quas, reverse court order seizng a debtor's assets: Mareva in  junction court's sezure of assets sequestration .courts assessment of an act of some public body  judcal review .peson ued defendant peson binging a suit: plainti defendant's reply to the chage: plea understanding that  a lesser chage is admitted a graver charge will be dropped: lea-barganing .jdge ment awardd on te defendants fal ure to plead  judgement in deault .awaiting a court's decision su ju period when lawcourts are dice active law term period when lawcourts are closed  vacation begn a court session: sit end a court sessin rise pause in court prceeding: recess, adjournment denoting an indenite adjourn ment sne die court ocial's open ing cal fo order oyez  fair treat ment in a court: due poce at tempt to frustrate a courts operaion make atone contemt of court ment for this: purge contempt done out of court: extrajudicial deliberate delayng of court usi ness otucionim refusa to

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u  ef

 

 ee 

oey the ct: comcy

corroom eidece y, ril sut  a legal action ce, proceedig  stat legal action against proece e .lawsuit whose decision will inuence tue decisos e ce oligatio to pove oe's case brde of proof .essental oit of a case gi grme case  waiig to e head i pede dug liigation peee i easoae delay in ingg a sut che eiate a case hough iadequate poecut evi dece dimi oi age a case i cout pled .aguets ad nced in a legal action ce deoig a disputale case oet .isk of a peson put n ti eody .poseutio twice  he se oence doe erdy mudees ple of eal uala diiihe reoibiiy ouent o oe oec poduced a evdece exhibi dilse of dcme etwee pates dc _peso nvolved  lawsut i the itests of ig  aty oy ex re ee a asui s a hid py ire gt to  a sui oc d (pl. i a judges suay of aumets at the end of case m ccep oey to dop a i p eg acti cmod ageeent eched y pates o a lawsui etle deog a lsit teded o onveiene the deendant exio assss just fees fo a lawsit ege to g o law iigio  o to law iige lse to d  judge  lawsuit hr sed  as to hige out commi ed a case c t a lowe cout em .ppi caion to a hhe cout o  decisio to e evesed e eso aing such an appicaion e ige outs equst o eview poceedings of a owe cout cerr

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r  scedle of cases fo ial cledr  exeption o leg poceedings immity yer  senio K law ofces: Lod Chceor Lord Chief ie ter of he Roll, oryGeerl Direcor of Pblic Proecio  picipal Scotsh law oc: Lord doce .copany ofial ensng the legality of tansactio cmpice oicer legal daugs an ry .egage a lawye · rc aye who ay peak fo his cliets in the highe cots brier aist egaged o advise a cliet o aea fo him i cou coe l ae) lawye adsi cliets, ad ppeaig  thei eh  the lowe couts lcior la ye's ojection to a ee of te  jy chle .lawyes qoatin o a pevious case cii .laye qustioning of a witness ex lawye's questong o a witness he o she has called exiiihief .lawye uestiong of peon aead exid y pposing cunse croexio stt fundng of a lawyes ees eg i lawyes neligene o dshoest 

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mcc yer  thi sc laye i v  er  aye o aaed mteial l  ndelyg laye bre b  e  g r: p  me water pipes beng formry ad  ead)

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ede  g : go rch  oinal ede fieh fro  pe leade of ale degoe  edest of a goup eceived as is rirc mirch peson ost sed i a aticula eld de f ee)

leaf

c ombining forms : foli -,  adjctives: o ic eo u, folie •

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97

ap ya

eves  geerl oae ef  he ege f  wer bact cm p ef f  fer r pm fro eig eves f sever crs ecre wih eves vareated foate ef-sk petole circe f eves horl eves hepe p by he wi dr srip he eves frm defolate chemic se  esry eves defolat pes kig vie eves phylloxer

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e ye  djeve: bssextle ee  pers erg  re by

ssisg  skie wrker fr  e peri appretce

eg

 erig frm  crse i

 bk r cmper prorammed lear erig hrgh pes pye while seep hyppaeda erig by cre ri  errr heurstc mechic repei i s  erig  ote re pee prcice s  i  erig e  which  sk is ms drll esy er crtcal pero ci i csig erig ifcies pi i  lear dsablty crse  which my give p pos asorum cr he p fr ppis  see flashcard

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ese pers grig  ese lessor  pers kig  ese lessee

 prperys

rer  is wers  he e f  ese reverso

 sppe eher se  ce crs  wiws chamos, ash leather  eher frmery se  fr wrii  archmet eher  frm  yg g d  brshe ki suede  er srfce f eher

ete

ra, ra sde rrw srip f eher tho eher srip fr shrpeg rrs strop  eher srp frmery se  pis Scish schchre tase impresse rmei o eer tl eig hihy pise eher lac, patet cemic prcess

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 ns

cverg  im ski  eher ta eig e eher ree grese se fr werprf g eher dubb

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ee g eve gre  mis siries r sevices perse furouh  sir's ime ff spe shre lberty, shore leave  eve  be bse frm sch exeat  pi

leve gre   iversiy echer sabbatcal eve ke wih s g permiss Frech leave eve hsiy decamp eve ou omt

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eft

. g  laevo ( aeva) djeve: sstral eh pge i  bk verso e-he pers southpaw e sie f  ship s see by e fcig is prow port

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eg djve: crural egs crvig   he kee bady les, bow les egs crvig i  he kee oc kees  pper eg th h  prcp be f he pper eg thhboe, emu  be cverig he kee j keecap, patella  fr f he wer leg sh eshy pr f he wer leg calf  swe vei  he eg varcose ve  wih  ijre eg ame  imgie e-egge crere moopod  me eg-spi callper  Mx embem f hree egs trselo esue eisre civiy hobby

 biig

hsig eisre fciiies

esure complex eo  djeive ctrc ctrous ctre spgy isse isie  em sk pth ede  pers eig mey   ce  f r py ael es es eres he bjec b serve objectve  wiege es fsheye  es givig wie-scree effecs aamorphc les es wih  g fc egh telephoto les

 cmer es lwig smh rsi

 frm cse  g shs

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L 

lvl

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les  ens used o sar a re: bu lass  denoing a ens a one sde and convex e oer: plaocovex  denog a ens a one side and concave e oter: paococave

 poin on a ens a wc ig rays

converge: focal pot focus .ar abe openng for a camera ens ape ue disance beeen e cenre of a ens and is focus focal legt obec as seen roug a ens mae ueen focus of an ee due o a fau n e ornea or ens: astmatsm .counerbaanced camera paorm a cn be raised or uned cae preenen fesivies: can Let va, a Gas day before en Shove Tuesay .rs day of Len s Weesay penuimae week of Len: Passo Wee as week o Len Holy Wee jeve lepous ep "erosy rous erson: lepe esb esban wo akes e oman roe: butch .esban who aes e passive roe femme .e bin simuaing me sexua moe mens upon er parer: tbae etter jeve epstolay .e er expainng oer maeria ac companying i cove lee .am bassador's eer of inroducon let te of ceece .eter sen o  bisops by e Pope ecyclcal bisops eer o  s cergy pastoral ee sovereigns eer nom naing a bisop lee mssve soveregns eer apponng a mi ary ofcer commsso eer sen o many persons simuaneousy ccula eer addressed o one per son bu inended for puicaion ope let .eter wic eac r ciien s aske o copy ou and send o sever oers: cha lee ma cous anonymous ee poso pe lee eer sen by a woman break n o a reaonsp: Dea Jo convenon eer of anks for os

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

 

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



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



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pay Colls .eer h sand ardized wording: fom lee see of n paper fodabe o make s on enveope: a lee aeomme ranspor of eers by air: amal o n wic eers are sore post tow eer a cao be de ivered: ea lee pos oce de paren oding eers  o eced poste estate openg greing in a eer: salutato com munica by eer: coespo person w whom one is acuaed oy by eers pefe educa on conducd by pos: coespo-

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 

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ece



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couse,

stace

lea

 message added o a eer afer e

 wriers sgnaure: postscpt

 jeve



lal  eer   wrin above e ine spescpt  eer wren beow e e sb ; scpt .par of a eer a rises

etter



above e midpoin of a ine of ex ascee par of a eer a snks beow he ne of e: esce .deoing a eer no a lowecase denoing a cap e er uppecase pair of eters making a sne sound: raph .S�!I uence of eers reading e same 1 backwars an forwars design of inerwoven eers: moo: am conssing of bo eers n; numbers alphaumec .wre ou   n e eers of a dieren apabe  

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 taslteate ette   n euce cos  e·! uce's g ead heart euke  abnorma whe boo cell: lymphoblast  bood ce w  an overarge uceus: myloblast ee  oning form plao  ' ancnvex)  socia eve: statum echelo  device w an airbubb



n iuid o sow f suraces are ee spt lvel .se eve o eac oeI  mang a single a surface: flush

l  lh

99 vr .foot-perated lever: eadle

 pot

on which a lever turns: ful crum power exerted by a lever le

 vrage

b legal tasfer of a liabil

ity: assignmet .secure agaist l ability indmnif brr  ibrary etiled to a copy of every new U book: coprigh lirary library whose books may be con sulted but no borrowed: eferenc li rary .library store ih compact shelvng: sack .library employee lirarian .list of books held i a li brary caalogu  consolidated cata logue of a group of librares: union catalogue .librry decima system of topic cassicaion Dewe dcimal ssem  oe i a library book shoig where it is shelved shlf mark  perso enled o use a li brary: reade  reader's cbice  a library: carrel deotg a lbrary book pas its return date: overdu c louse egg ni  ifesaion ih lce pdiculosis  ifested ith lice: lous cc lcence allowig aloholic drks to be seved with meals able licec  licence alowg he sale of alcoholic drks for consumpion else here: off-licnce  drivig licence's note of penalty pois icurred: en orsm accumulaton of hese oing-up

' .lyig face downards: ro,



prosra .lyin face upwards: r cumen supin lie about in mud or waer wallow

 iv



mencious lie od o avoid a greaer ev: whie li

i"

 publishe false and damagig sate men lil false ad damagng oral saemen slandr  elling les whe uder oat to speak the truth: prjur leged ie detector pol grph

f

 combning

io-,

form

vi

 c animae, vial  long lfe:

longevi .lfe of pleasure: la dolce  via .lfe aer death: aerlife, he oher world expeced lifespa: na ural life brig back to life resusci tae, reanimae, revivif weariess of life aedium viae .account of a person's life iograph person's account of his ow life: auobiog raph prepare a person o resume normal life hailiae bodily pro cesses hat support lfe meaolism

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



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

 clical measuremen of bodily c

ons as idicaion of conued life  vial signs

fbo avi

 ship's crane for a lifeboa:

orgaized lifestyle re gime regimen .lifestyle aording oy the basic ecessites: pover lne .lifestyle seldom seen by he geeral pubic: underlife .study of soial statstics as a dex of cha gig lifesyles dmograph  .lift for food i a estaurat: dum waie cotiuously movig li wh dooress compatments parnoser space wthi which a li operates: sha �  o oist

s

h

. mbining form lumin-, phoo- ( htsynthesis) c iv phoic so remulous ligh

shimmer



 soft lgh whe he sun s

jus below the horizon iligh  ash or sple of light: scintillation .norhern lghs: aurora boralis  southern ighs aurora ausralis  movng lgh seen over marshes: will-o'-hwisp, ignis fauus  ligh set  a high place to convey a sigal: eaco  srong turnable outdoor lgh: sarchligh  brigh signal light shot io the air: lar  device eming a brigh gh a xed iter  vals srooscop, sro  srong ligh or mng li lih .evice

ght

 on



generatg n ntense light bea guish a light: ouse  tuy of ligt laser  utaviolet lit for sutan- an its behavio optcs ng sulamp  oil lamp or high ihho  lighthouse bea reg   ns: hu rrcae lamp storm later lal obscue or a e secons: oc  overnght besie light ght lght cultg lght  oorbas lamp with a tall stem: ihi .jagg lighig h  staar lamp  smal coloure elec- bolt forke lghtg  se tric lights fary lghts .ecoratve lightng: sheet lghtg . i  ligts llumatos  ship's or  vertng lighng rom a builing:  acrt's position lihts: vgat lghtg couctor lgs ug ghts elhts

'

e n a electric  . mn r eous (e.g light flamet  evice varing an aue) esque e Juneque  electric light's brightness mme e e ane) sh e gh i  elecric light ttg ih to small o e et) ose e ae) ! projectg pis bayoet g ir . mnngrm phlo) e  gass container or an elecric light hheene) phle e bbhe) laen: evelpe Ught me from i special lin prelecto  a ooet jcolater m gaul strechng o a s  healess ession of liht: uores locae limb: exteo, trcto \ cece, lumescece, phosphores  sea nial's broa at limb: flpper  cece  ight mission caue by in • sugic remol of a lmb amputa " caescece to  son ho has a a lb re , tense heat  emission of liht from a chemical re- move: amputee ation chemlumesece .emis- e  ime obte b heatg e  in o light by iing ornisms: bo ston qucle .quickle luesce  tsmision o treatent ih ater slae lme · ht sins  e glass bre: e opts teatment  lgh an m  upr limit: ceg  uper she i a ating chroscuro ancial limit cap  havg limits  haing no peset limit: ope  ue  lght as a medc reatmet: fte ototherp  bening o ht ee .eep wihin limits cota aves assn eee e rerac e djee eal, le  ainar line abot hich a boy ro  to  ilminatio o iling b atral ligt aylght  alowng tate as line o ltitue te pssag o ight aphaous  lne o logitue: mea  lne rslucet  not llo the pas- persons alking in ps: crocole ae o ligt opqu • racting to  ee  straght le gt photosste  movng to e .ne white linen camc ad or ctivate by light  squre o linen etc use t table t :  topostve .extree sensitivity  wipe the mouth apk to iht photophoa  plt's use o i  djeve leone  on  lit for oomakng: photosythss lion cu .opring o a le   pant' turnn toars light: photo  tigress lgo  oprng of a, topm  ntrumet measurg mle tiger an a lioness tgo ntensity photomt  bea .in's neck hair mae  ligt into its constituet clours  f fcted by a lion: maulng grou p ract restrct lihtave vibraions of  lions: pr d astrolog ic to a sle direction poarze  extn leo

 ncandescent

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l

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•

 

ip  

• combiing form

eciv

lab o ) -

aba .discontented expres-

son made b turnng out he ps

pou, moue ue .iqueur aoured wth almods or frut kernels aafa .cherry iqueur marascho .German carwayaoured liqueur me • Iaian aisedaoured isambuca ueur • rmbased coeeaod iqueur Ta aa ™ id lqu to sw round the muth and thoat ae, mouhwash • hik sweet lquid for food or medicines syrp .liqui present aurally n th mouth sava .liud remaing aftr cooking quor

.rich luor ed n soups and sauces soc  ants of qud des .ast surpus stock f a i d e lquid wase or sewage ee mk quid ound in lns aex .hot liqu beath the eaths crust mama • (of a liud) gie  bubes effevesce iquds crvd uer srfae mescus • become lquid equesce  be coing liquid quesce • becom ing iqud temporarily when shaken o sird hxoroc .lqueed by extee heat moe • dp ito a li qd d  soak thoroughly n a li qud mreae, saurae, souse, sep • soe by soaking n a liquid macrae  lace  a liqud to a  r it etc fuse, seep  njure by ca wih hot liquid scad  thickess of a quid cossecy • nstrumen easuring ths desmeer, hydomeer .nstrument mesurg iid pressure pezomer slder tube f transfer rng liquds pee • ne disperso o one liquid ithn another: em s .pessured quid n an aero sol proea .remove ro the surce of a iqui sm   to the  botom of a liqud see  matter setling to the boo f a qid sed

me .d o liqud from a sedi ment rac • enotng a lqud cloudy  wh suspended matter urbd • med

cal dece for administerng tny amounts of a liqud drp feed • med cl dece producng a ne liquid spray: ebuzer .operated by qud ressure hydrauc • alowng the passage of lqud permeabe, pevous, orous .slow passage of a liqud seepae • loss of liqud through leakage or eaporaton: u ae  cool a liqud beow freezng pont wthout solidicaton supercoo .turn om liqud nto apour evapora heat a lquid aboe boil g pont wthout eaporation super hea  contaner for lquid jerryca • electrc heatng eement plaed n liqud: mmerso heaer s  ocial list reser • un  weeded lst o s • weeded ist shors • list of the ators in a pa showing what parts they take cas s • lst of addresses for nformaton to be sent to m s .alphaet ical opic lst with references dex .exhaustie lst caaoue .anno ated list caaoue raso • list of bestseng records chars • list o  biblical readings ecoary • lst of  books bboraphy .lst of boos held in a ibrary caaoue ub ishers list of earier books still n rnt bacs • list of a books printng errors erraa • lst of candidates  for nal choce: shors lst o a  oitca partys cndidates for oce sae  consolidated catalogue of a group of lbraries uo caaoue  list of characters in a play dramas pesoae lst of compettors in order of achieement eaue ae • ist of computer les drecory .computers dsplayed list of commands or facites meu • lst of the cntents of a house or store veoy • lst of contrbutors to a f  book etc creds .duty lis roser • list

  l

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of empoyees d heir wages payroll io bric .iurgical worship lis of eves ad paricipas a a  viewed as ms duy o God ops race meeig card .lis of eves Dei  daiy cycle of public prayers for wih imigs scdle  is of ms priess d religious Divin Office fimograpy  lis of foods eae or o  Roma Caholic Commuio ser be eae diet .lis of goods held in  vice Mss  Aglic morig ser  vento .lis of goods se invoic  vice mtins, morning pryr  A .lis of impor iems ot ist glic eveig service evensong, .lis of iems covered by a eg docu vening prayer  service o he eve me scde .lis of iems for of a feas  vigi .daiy services of sale or o show catog .lis of  psams ad prayers ors matins, map symbos ad heir meigs ky ads, ri trce, sxt nones, ves .is of members of a miary ui or pers, complin .al ofce of he ship's compay mster rol .lis of day compine .sequece of services ames roll .is of addresses, ee o ie successive days phoe umbers, ec dirtory  lis  deoig a service wihou music of obles perage .lis of passe pin  par of he liurgy uchaged gers or parcels carried o a vehicle o mos occasios common .liu wybi .lis of acraf or ship pas gic ex paricular o he day propr segers or cargo manifest .lis of a  series of piios ad esposs it performer's recordigs dscogrpy ny .shor seece said or sug by;  lis of persos o be aacked or he miiser  versice .reply by he killed it ist .lis of persos co choir or cogregaio rsponse sidered udesirable bckist  is  biblical exac sug i he liurgy of persos eied o voe elector cantice  biblic passage read liu ro .lis of persos refused cerai gically sson  prayer appoied righs or services stop st .lis of for he day oct  moey colec prioriy asks hot ist .lis of re io a a service oertory  perso cordigs broadcas o a radio pro sigig solo pars of he liurgy can gramme payist .resaura's lis tor prcntor .cleric  charge of a of avaiable dishes men .lis of service officiant, cebrant .assimi higs o be doe agenda ceckist laio of he liugy o a foreig mi .lis o ows couries ec gae lieu incration  sudy of liur teer .lis of words i a ex con gies litrgics, litrgioogy cordance glossary, vocblary .of .ivig loe soitary .livig ci lis of medicies wih  for ever immorta o ad isrucio for preparaio ad dos terrestia  abe o .livig live o d ad age phrmopoi i waer ampibios .livig i ste .lise i secrey vs rees rbora .livig i or ear drop waer aqic .livig i he sea erure • acu iraure non marine io perso koig abou li ver  combining form pat-   eraure lirr • raio ier jecive hepatic  iammaio of he ary heme oo iver ptitis  degeeraio of he ury • jecive liri iur ver irrhosis .eargeme of he gic cereo or se o hese ri ri liver: hepatomegaly .liver cancer: l iurgc ceremoy esOWg eatoma  anic oagulan oc c urring dive grace rt iurgica in he i ver: hepar in  damaging li ver march rio • iurgic dec c es: hepatotox ic • surgic  remo val

Lvpl  lmv

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of he ve hepatectomy ba of sasoned chopped lve faot

Leroo • jciv Lverpula esock .oud up and seal lve sock rustle .vesock dahoea scours  acue skn disease of lvesock athrax  orss • pogessve de

 velopmen of vng ogansms ove he mena: evoluto heoy devng a ealy lfe fom mcoogasms n oue space: pasperma denong livng ogansms botc able o be decomposed by he naual actvy of lvng ogan sms: bioeraable egos of he eahs cs and amosphee n habed by lvng ogansms boes of a subsances sphere seng by applyng t o lvng cels o ssues: boassay sudy of lvng ogansms: boloy, physoloy sudy of chemca pocesses whn lving ogass bochemstry ap plcaton of he pncples of physcs o vng ogansms bophyscs be le ha humans ae no moe mpo an an ohe lvn bengs bocetrsm desucon of a le

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boce zrd ombining orm saur, saur, saurus e bntsauus .jiv saura .lad a can change s colou fo camoulage chameleo .huge pehstoc liad osaur .myhcal lad sad o lve n e: salamaer od • nnsc wegh of a vehcle o sucue ea loa • wegh of people o goods n a vehcle o suc  lve loa mmum load a machne o sucue s desgned o bea

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or loa o .loan a xed em ad ed nees ebeture • amon of ced exendd to a boowe le of cret .denong a loan made ude condons as o how  may be spen

• denong a loan whose epaymen s guaneed agans anohe asse secure • denotng a loan avaable o easy ems: so • denong a loan avaable a hgh aes of nteest tht • ognal sum len prcpal .ass pledge a secuy fo a loan collateral • coveyance of tie

popey as secuy o a ced o e loan thus oaned: mortae .loan cecae pomsng xed ems of epaymen: bo bak documen undewng speced loans on aohe bank o be aken ou by he beae etter of cret ced hat s auomacay enewed as debs ae pad o revov cret .spe cal ceds avaable o membes of he Intenatonal Moneay Fund specal ra  rhts lendes admnsaton chage oriatio fee company povdng loans fo hepuchase ageemens: face comnebank pa, iace house adng of shottem loans moey peson lendng money a maret hgh as of nees: usurer peson makng loans on secuy of atcles deposed wh hm pabroer faue o epay a loan: efault  

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ebt obser o

• mae

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lobs coc fmale lobse he ch lobse soup bsque .obse cooked n a ceam sauce lobster thermor oc .lcal and pey sular,

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parshpump, parochal oc oere  smaes ual un cvl parish .smalest egon havng a counc and fu bueaucacy strct admnsave e above hs couty ofca audng local auhoy accous strct au-

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tor ocooe

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locomove cayng s ow fuel and wae ta eie .locomov's gp of the as tracto pa of a locomve whee s cew wok cab, footplate

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

oc  orry

 powered wheel of a locomotive: drv

g hee .unpowered wheel of a locomotve trag hee .extend

ing framework connecting a locomo tive with overhead power lines: pto truck coupled to a steam graph locmtiv, with supplies f fl and water: teder revolving platform turning a locomotive: turtabe person coecting locomotive num bers as a hobby: traspotter ock .lock opened by selecting a se qunc of gures tc: combaton oc .lock opened only by a key deadoc .lock that cannot be opened until a preset time: tme oc .lock with a pivoted hook: padoc .lock set into a door: mortse oc ridge or bar in a lock preventing its operation by an incorrect key: ar pivoted part of a lock restraining the bolt tumber ods person letting out lodg ings: andord, adady oc statemen usd as a basis fr argument: premse, premss as serted proposition: posto as sumed proposition: postuate prop osition foowing from one already proved: coroary .proposition as serted of a members of a class: u versa proposition asserted of some members f a class: partcuar .limi a proposition's scope quatfy .false step in reasoning; faacy, on deceptively sequtur, paraogsm plausible step in reasoning: sophsm, paraogsm .disproof of a propos ition by demonstrating te absurdity of its consequences: reducto ad absurdum (pl etne a ab disproof of a proposition never advanced: gorato eech (pl gnatne eenh denoting a proposition veriable by lnguistic an· alyss: aaytc denoting a proos ition veriable by recourse to experi· ence: sythetc .logical fault of assuming wat one sets out to prove:

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t

crcuarty, petto prcp  system of logic orgao .system of logical reasoning that moves from a general rule to a particlar instance deduc to .system of logical reasoning that derives a general rule from par ticular instances ucto .system of reasoning from two premises to a concluson syogsm reasoning expressed by a system of sbols: symboc ogc reasonable assump tion from evidence availble fer ece interminable chain of reason fte regress .set of rules to be followed in performing a logical process: agorthm .logical propos ition that is veried by the meanings of the words that make  aaytc proposto .logical justication ratoae .logical refuation: ele-

i 







chus o . aciv umbar odo  native of east central Lon don: cocey o  combining form; macro  aevtn  long and thn: a, ay  make longer: eogate  lengthy undertaking maratho ook • threatening or suen look: our .lecherous look; eer, oge

 look belieed o harm h prson re garded: ev eye  look over carey

'

 

or quickly : sca .look with the eyes  partly closed squt

�

ords Pryer . Lain nam pater oster  orry .lowsidd lrry: ooader, pcup .large covered lory: pa techco .light covred lorry:  sma lowsided van: pcup, pcup truc .lorry equipped to carry li· quids in bulk taer .lorry's un aden weight: tare  denoting a lorry having a pivt between the cab and the loadbearing part: artcuated

articulated lorry's ski int  V shape: jackknfe  de vice recording a lorry dri ver's speeds and spells of  



oss  mp



rivg tacoph rditig set of elstc ties secuig the lod: sp-

de loss .tempory loss mspace met  excess of expeditue over i coe dect oud  loud  d hsh: stdet .de  gee ofouess: voume dspeaker  loseker for low thed souds woofe loud seker

for

hghpitced

souds:

eee lose .louse ifestto: pedcuoss .louse fectg the geit hir cb ouse  egg of the hm ed louse t ve  mg rm p ( hee), pha ( ech a)  jetve amoous, amatoy dolecet loe: caf ove, pupy v  tese d criticl love  atato  shtlived iftutio ush  secret love fir: te

ecto feged i orde to obti omethg cupboad ve

 cmg rm pe ( ache)  red om mle ove csbeo  mrred ms f e love: mstes  me lover oger tht hs rer oo, to oy  loes scret mee ass-

ve

at, tys oy _gro loylty esp de cps loyl owed to oes uper iors aeace extreme oylty  oes ow cout peope ex, etc

avsm ggge lrge rigidfrmed cse: tu  smll cs for cosmetcs a  ba  rottig lggge delivery sytem: carous mp  lp of esh or food: obet  sere out ito lums: cude nch  brekfst d luch com bied: uc

lng

. cmg rm peum ecv: pumoary  eme surroudg the lgs: pleua (pl eae) immtio of he









plure peusy rtery supplyig the lugs: pumoary ae .tube cryig ir to the brochi: tachea pricipl r pssge of wdppe the lugs bocus (p bch) subsidr r ssge i the gs bochoe dug tk by sth mtcs to wide the brochi: bocho dato lmmio of te ucu membre of the boch bochs dmge to he ir scs o the lgs: bcteri ectio emphysema cusig mtio of  ug peuumoi ffectig ot moa lugs dobe peumoa rte herd i uhelthy lgs a blck lug or co mers lg cued by ihltio of co dut

















peuocooss

aacoss,

 brow lg csed by ihlo of

tete dt: byssoss ug ds es from hto of sbesto pr ticles: asestoss .lg iese  from slic ih scss lg disese it grow  odl: ruets mesu tubecuos g lug city: pea w  ugc rmv o spomete lg scrs: decocao sl removl of  g ocoy deotig he r  l c



 





o u moay caoesatoy t lgeced te: eobo • Idi owe lute saod o ecked i lute sta  log eked It lue caoe .lte plyr: utest tst  lute mke: ute, utst lymph  mg rm Iymph • djecve ymphatc lymp tr ymp a, ymph ode  ccer of these: ympoma .hite loo cel

i

the

ympoyte

lyptic

syste:

Mm  civ mecncl  otay machne dven y a low f wate ec turbne  machne ds ensn money csont  ma

chn

cne dsensn small tems when money s nseed  vending mcine amn machne shwng deen omnaons of fs ruit mcne amn machne oken  jeon conoeated macne layn e coded msc  juke box kchen ma cne fo chon o mxng food khen machne ood rocessor fo extactng jce  jucer machne essn we landy mngle .ma chne shan wood, mea, ec lte machne hammen es nto the ond ledrver ndn ma chne mll aclal machne  ha eas and heshes combne r ottonseaan machne  veser gn .machne fo hosn o ha n wnc windlss machne se aang ot sstances of deen denstes centrfuge machne o shn gems ass and eal n mcne machney and ohe eqment develoed n he lgh f ecnology scenc advances machne efomng a omlex se es of fntons atomatcally root magned mane esemlng a man beng  roo mane's elatng deve overnor ma nes ol esevo um ma ns sudden sto de o oveload eson eag o mantan ll ng maces mecnic eson de sng o onstng mans mcnicn .eson wo beavs l a macne uomon eson oosd o te noducton o ma s Luddi ma a mane

  















 



 •



•



•

•

•



oeatonal commsson adst macney fo smooh nng regulte et .eod nsecon and mantenance of a machne servce take a machne aa str down e ats fom one macne o e a anohe cnnible .nk ma chney o a dve engge aandon an avy o machnes mecne elecnc emote conol of ma chnes teleoerton denon a machne acvaed y ns coin-o denon a machne a movn saht fowad and ackwad recased walkway ond a roctng lae achne clk

 •













co

ss

 cnic

rm bovne songform encel-



dsease n hans hogh o s e eaed o hs Creueldtkob dsese

 o

.dsease cased y he e of a mad do rbes





 adly

made made o de bespoke

soddy

Mr iv Mdrlenn M .Neaolan Maa Corr   Maa Cos Nostr  Maa leade drone  leade of  Maa

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co godter meme of he Maa Mioo .Maa code f s lence omert Maosos sawno shotn lur

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 .maazne lshed ela ntevals erodicl maa zne sod wth a newsae sulemen magazne gvn smmaes of itms publised elsewher e: digest • profss ion's magazne: • magazine or fans: f anz ne  middle pags of a magazine: centref old, cen-

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magc  mae

• mgzine ectin t be detched d kept puout • mg tre spread

zne ectin regly wrtten by  nmed per coum .lrge fld  pge atefod .le pge in  gzne sert, set .mgzine' cntrbutr  fetued coumst mgzine's tretment f  tpic coverae .cvrge cnting f pht grph with ng text photoessay .generl rticle n  pic feature bckgrund rticle n  prn in e new profe .feme mdel p ering n mgzine cvers cover ed rticl t  mgzine  cotrbue text f  mgzine item cpy .picure in  mgzine usatos, pates drwn mteril   mgzine raphcs .hp elling gzies esaet

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magic • mgc t d gd hte c • mgic t d evi bac mac • mgic t fretell evens dvato .mgic t ummn up the ed ecromacy • West Indi mgic obeah, voodoo • trbl mgi cn credted with helg pwe tch doctor bject thught t hve mgc pwer amuet, fets, juju, vepinted tr petatasma ram, petae tm with the pentgrm n it petace West Af ric fetih: juju .mgc belef d prctices the occut .mgic rit ul tting the eect deire symwrd sid   patec mac mgic pel cojurato, catato, vocato .mgicl pt exr mgc eye' ued in burglr rm etc photoeectrc ce

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msre

• prfesinl

mgi

trte with legl trining stpedary .Lnd tipendiry mastrate mgitrte metropota mastrate unpid mgitrte wth n egl rining ay mastrate cuty's chef mgtrte custos rotuoum l custes tuu Chnne Is nd mgitrte jurat .mgtres

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regrded clecivey the bech chrge entered t  mgtrte's curt formato

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es . combining form maeto .mgnet t needing n nducing current prmaet ma

 mgnet ctivted by n electric cur

rent eectromat .get with pe t the side trasverse mat eectrmgnet f cied wire soeod .mgnet's suheekig ple mgnet' nrth eatve poe eeing ple postve poe br crss  mgnet' pes eeper, yoe re ver which mgnetim i per tve maec fed .regin rud the erth gvered by it wn mg netic eld maetospere .g etic minerl odestoe drecn f  mgnetic eld poarty detry n bject mnetim deauss eectrc geertr ig permet mgnets maeto persnl mg netim chasma

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k

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• combining foms face

 abiacie facto  stu eacti fc  acic fca  siiicati ec  ca cigeic eous  egeus ey  gey

jory • lrget hre f the vte ct majorty, smpe majorty

• hre cg mre th hf the

 vtes ct absoute majorty .ver wheming mrty f ve dsde denting  grup unbe t rech  mjrty deciin hu

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• ye f muit tht cr rie mr aophees • dg tht

r

cure mlri que

My .trditi My vi ge ampo • Mly cmul he lohouse • Mly dgger rs • My grment saro e  combinng forms aro  age .mle chrmme Y chromosome • relting t mle

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mm m  manur seaty prapc .aggressve mae ess machsmo, asm .deotig a perso dsplayg ths butch, macho deprive of maleess emascuate .spposed male midfe rSS mae meopause mae members of a fmy spear s deotg descet throgh the mae lie patrea deveopmet of male characteristcs is wome: vrl-

• maager wth drect prodcto re sposbity: e maaer � ee o

busessma • Mceser • djecive Macu a • mdrke • madrake root as a arcot maraora  m • maa for books: bbo• maa • maia for drk psomaa • maa for startig res sm pyroma • mania for poer or mmm  apeke mammal pr- seaggradizemet meaomaa mate .stdy of prmates prmat-  maic obsession wth  sge de ooy • sea mammal cetacea moomaa  maia for steag  thcksked mamma (e rh eptomaa oceros) pachyerm • mamma • therapeic ma with cisor teeth roet • mammal o platio of boes osteopathy that chews the cd rumat • maplatio of eectora bodar   djecive mae, vre es for prty dvntge eryma • primitive ma viewed as cvzed er ad corrpted obe savae • n married ma bacheor .ma whoe mer  combining form wse ( these) wfe has ded wower  boister osly macho ma a .ma whom mers • code of good maers etquete  cosderate politeess wome d attractve ayer, ay's m • lstfl ma satyr tact • reed politeess suavty, u• castrated ma euuch • ma re baty • affected good maers ejectg traditioal mae attitdes ew tty prmess, prssess .vey ma .ma i charge of a pbc ad cheeky pert • ecessvely fam iar foar • offesively cool offhose aor  ma lettig ot odgigs aor .ma overeager ha  rogh ad abrpt  maer uceremoous, ucouth  deotg to dress smartly ay, fop • rch peasat appearace ad maer ma persig a le of pleasre payboy  deotig a womash ma ef- persoabe femate .rle by me patrarchy fcre • maactrg ma • hatred of me msary • party chiery or premises pat .ishe  for e sta party • mythica crea article i a mafactrg process tre half ma ad half horse cee prouct • series of tems pro  taur dced at oe tme ru • savigs mme  maageme tyle throgh nreaed otpt ecoomy that reacts to problems rather tha of scae • savigs thogh diversca  aticipatig them refht tio of otpt ecoomy of scope

 maagemet philosophy demadg  cost

esastic commtme from  sa Tota uaty aaemet dstral aager or mer proprietor ustrast perso maagg large sms of moey faseor maager eecutve ce

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varyig with level of otpt theory advocatg varabe cost smll ebe mafacrg ts

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postFor sm me  decayed orgac matera sed as mare: compost  seabid ecremet sed as mare uao

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anuspt  akt

semqud manure surry surace appcan  manre top dress clean u sables ec_ muc

out scrip

 manuscrp ren by e aur  e ex  cnans: autoraph  manuscrp y r en by e aur  e ex  cnans:  manuscrp hooraph erased and used agan pampsest  manuscrp   ex ren er an earer ex pampsest manuscrp n b rm codex  decrae a manuscrp umate pcure r decraed capa eer n a umato, manuscrp mature  manuscrps penng rds: cpt manuscrps clsng rds: expicit  manuscrps csng saemen  prducn deals: coopho  seepsn r gasn prepared r use as a manuscrp parchmet  calsn prepared r use as a manuscrp: vum  persn assessng manuscrps ered  a publser:

reader Mx e anx embem  ree legs: trseo   combininforms mut eg. ) poy eg h) Mri ar greeng: a ora   map r sea r ar nagan: chart .map  e sars muned n a spere ceesta obe map

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sng cnurs by nng r sadng: ree map  lnes used r lsadng hachures  asrlgcal map r casng a rscpe brth chart, atal chart  argescae map  a smal area: pa  mapmag: cartoraphy mapmaer: cartorapher  deaed mappng  an areas naura eaures: toporaphy  mappng  seas, laes, and rers: hydroraphy mappng  munans: ororaphy, orooy  es gae an area r mappng: survey  ra beeen acual and mapped

dsances scae  sysem represenng e ears surace upn a la page proecto  mar pns n a map: pot  alude  seeced pns sn n a map spot heht mappng  seas laes, and rers hydoraphy  map lne plng sme equa alue soram  map lne jnng pns  equa eg cotour e  map lne jnng pns   equa a msperc pressure soba  map ne jnng pns  equa emperaure sotherm  map lne jnng pns  equaen ner empera ure sochem  map ne jnng pns  equaen summer emperaure: sothere map lne jnng pns  equa ranal sohyet  ner  lnes n a map rd can  a pn usng ese rd reerec  sysem  eers r num bers by c a pn n a map may be dened coodtes  rs crdnae n a grd reerence east  secnd crdnae n a grd reerence: orth  ls  map symbls and er meanngs ey  ranspar en see paced er a map  ge exra nrman: overay  s  grd marngs: romer rbl  adective marmorea  man marble made  paned paser: scaoa rch  as marc: orced march  marcng sep  unben legs

oosestep r  reerence mar: bechmar  mar burn n esc: rad  dry mar: smude, smut  blurred mar: smude r mare selng secnd and gds ea maret  rena mare: bazaar  smal specazed mare che mare n c supply exceeds demand buyer's maret  mare n c demand ex cees suppy: seers maret cn rl  e mare corer  prn o e mare cnrled by a cmpany

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re  ma

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or prouct: maret shae maket control by a sngle supier: moop oly market oination by wo uppliers uopoly market omnation by a few suppliers olopoly .ar ket control by a single purchaser: moopsoy market dmation by a ew purchasers: olopsoy market hat no inividual can cotrol peect competon . enotng a market with steay prices har e noting a aket wit steadily high o risig prices sto enotng a market unlikel to epad further matue denoting a arket with faing prices o, wa perceive nee for a ommoty: ema mar et assesment f his: maret robtain seach ma profle orers  a new market peetrate exposr to ee ometition: acio preenting maretzato free competition restrat of tae resrcte prctce situation where certai traers can inluence prices mpeect competo  ee  sale sel seler trae

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rie • jecve brl co ul, coubal, mart, matrmo uptal  romntic but imprac matc tical marriae: love

• marriae cotracted for reasos other than loe marrae of cove ece • marriage hastene or com

pelle by pregnancy: shotu we . reay for arriage: be marriage partner: spouse suit able person to marr match .enot ig a esrable marriage parer: el e . occrring before mrriage: person arragng apremrtal riaes marrae broer, matchmaer . offer of mriage proposal .for ma promise to marry: eaemet marriage formalized by a lega ceremony oy: cl mrrae oce where this s conucted a document rester ofce marriage eromed with fu ceremonie an

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ormal ress: whte we . pemit t ho a weg at  tme or pac ot ormay permite: specal Church ocia grantig lcece special licences: surroate run away to ge marred: elope fora aouncemen in churc o a forth coming mrrige: bas hous b twee wic mariage ay be cele bate  the Anglcan hurch: pers soin caocal hos  gue$ts o hei seats beore a rae serice usher wedg Mass up tal ass woma on her ay: bre man on hs wedi ay: riegroom's  breroom oom male atenant: best ma , ooms  ma . marrie woma attenig a bre mtro o honou woman atteng a brie: bresm j boy attning a brie pae, p  boy ha over a brie to her hs  band ve away . cooured paper throw aer a marriage ceremony orma mea aer a ar o rage ceremo: wen reast hoiay taken by a ewlymrrie couple hoeymoo poe clebra ing a marriage: pthalamum, pro thalamum . cothg etc by a bre beore er mariage: tros seau boom rawer proper etc rought by a br to her arrage: propry arragement at owry marriage selemet copletio marriage by seua ntercourse: ariage parers summato righ to mutua seua relaions: occurig after ugal rhts riage: postuptal enoting a riage in which he paers ech others atery: ope marrae . enotng mariage custos eectJ ng he couple to lve at he home: matrlocal, uxorlocal ng marriage customs expecting couple to ive at te husads home:

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patri loca l, viri oc al . denotng marriage customs expecting the ouple to

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aag athas Mass: upta ass .ass for he ded requem • hy sug at this Des rae • ass celebratd for a sp c a: ass o specal teto votve ass • iest prformng the Mass ceebrat • Mass ook: mssal • day  mus atted ass: dy o ob lato • unchagig part of the ass: cao, ordary  viable ar of the Mss: poper • tet sung or sad a th begnng o s: ·  . rsonse between th Epstle and Gospe: gadual • hmn sung tr th gradua prose, sequce  oerg of bead and we fo o section oeory • ctral ct of the ass coscrao • rst part of  conaton pyr: preace  bea d n ored te Mass lts • each of these kd  pIt or the read pae cup n hch the n is conscratd: cha ce  par  sks fo  water d win: crut .jug for the w ao • coh upo hich th chalc and atten e pcd corpor itu c rn of the lms: lao  b rg t he evaton c  be  cnscrae bra st  ean  h brd rco  ding h rea to he :  co reeton o  o of th acrd ents or  s rseto Q contr  h con atd rd cru, pyx  tand o epsti of the consecrtd ed mosace osteory  Roma Cho nd Orodox be th h conrted mnt e sub stt ched nt t bod d boo  hi, ainn brd d n in pc  trsb aao  Lhrn if at te consctd mnts e bo the bod d ood o hst d ad d n cosubtaato   

Ho omuo

ge  masg

sng ccur momns lu  msag -

iv uclr tension at seeal lvel: Rolg • masge ased on zoe herapy: reexooy • assage treaet usg ara ols aomathrapy mst • ast aft of the mat: me • temporay st: jry ma  .son poe for a mast pa • ast's crossbar: yard • o   suppng a mst: shroud, say  • keel bloc to ke th mat: . dec st socket: tabrace   10Qot post atop  as: cow  est  masthed laor : to

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mse   magseal ' m bre used or ating jut ) mtc • atch iig oy o a speal sufce saey atch  o lcto of mathox es plum   st mte • mra ut up of  suerposed th layer ama mecs • athematics of th  maniaio of nubers: ahm

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 octio n nlysis of numerc daa sastcs  mathetics  aibe qtties: calculs o th emtics usng letes ad sls 3 ra • mahmacs usd o  � tgic nng gam heory  mtics of e hae ad s o  , eth: oy  mthatics o o  tio and ors oduc t: mc· acs  mahematcal scrtio 

moto nd inerctio of tmc partles qatum as hmatical stdy o codng of omo orma  eo • mathmatcs o os lnes, sucs, and sods: gemy   thmat sd of ingls trtry  schoo tes coes stessng heristcs a se theo: ew mahs  abe to une stn mahatis mhmtcay iorant a  mhmc r theo •

symblc expression o f a mathea -

                                                                      athats  al

ial rule foru (pl fuae) .mathematical representation of a system or process od regulated manipuation of numbers or quantities oprtion rule for calculations lorith .repetition of a mathemtical procedure itrtion record of calculations made workings expression containing one or more variables function expression or function so related to another that the product is unity rciproc .statement that the values of two mathematical expressions are equal ution number of entities al satisfying certain conditions st assocation of each element in one set with an element in another pping diagram showing relationships between sets Vnn digr .positiveness or negativeness of a quantity sin . move a term to the opposite side of  equation, changing its sign quantity with unchantrnspos ging value consnt quantity with changing value vribl . quantity having direction as well as magnitude vctor . quantity upon which an operation is to be performed oprquantity to be added nd sund . quantity to be subtracted subtrhnd . quantiy to be multiplied utipicnd quantity representing the power to which a number is to be raised xponnt result of adding one quantity to another su result of subtracting one quantity from another diffrnc . result of multiplying one quantity by another: product . result of div· iding one quantity by another uotint product f multiplying a number by itself sur product of multiplying a number by its square number producing a cub speced quantity when multipled by itself sur root . irrational number surd curve made by all points

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satisfying certain conditions ocus �  o nubr r tendency of matter to re main motionless or to continue motion in a straight line inrti rss inatable mattress io mattress stuffed with straw pt, pliss strong cloth used to cover mattresses pillows, etc tickng xis work epands to ll the time avaiable Prkinsons Lw employees are always promoted one rank beyond teir competence Ptr anything that can go Princip wrong, wil Sods Lw Murphys

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Lw r

. city mayor ord yor his residence nsion hous mayor of an ustrian Dutch, Flemish, German, or Swiss town burgo-

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str l

• selfservice

meal bufft meal at which food is grled and served out of doors brbcu ight meal tiffin , coltion reast and lunch combined brunch light meal at mid morning vnss . substantial lateafternoon meal high t meal oered to wedding guests after the ceremony wdding brkfst .formal meal for a large party bnut, fst banquet or other formal social occasion function guest meal with different courses eaten at dferent houses sfri suppr .restaurant meal with a xed global price and oering few alternatives tbl restaurant meal chosen dht from a range of separately priced dishes   crt meal of bread and cheese ploughns lunch part of a meal cours rst course of a meal pptizr, hors douvr, srtr main course of a meal nlight dish served between tr courses ntrts time allotted for service and consumption of a com plete meal itting sma open sandwich served as an appetizer cnp

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  /

 I 

• alcoholic drik taken before a mea as an appetizer pertf • square of

cloh for wipig the hads or face whe p .provision of mels, or the payent for this bord • ilitary estabishent here meals are sered: mes • perso who re ceives eas an lodging border _ jectve: semtc mnin  specic meang deotto • i plie meaning: cootto • gen ea meaig of a text urde, st, rvme, teor • give te mning defe .having oly one possibe meanng: umbuous, uvocl avig several eaning: mbuous, equvocl, polysemous  ord aving th same meaig as anoter syoym • word avig te opposite meaning to anoter: toym  stud of eanig semtcs mss  mild form of measls Gem meles, ruell msmn . combnng form metry  jectve mesurl, met rcl • measurement of the dept of seas or akes thymetry  measure met across sometin: dmeter • measurement roud somehing: cr• measurig evice cferece ue .device measurg internal and external dimensios clpers • gauges for e distaces feeler u, mcrometer • struent to measure or raw agles protrctor, set squre • instrument measuring agles precisey: oomeer m • pale meat from pigs, poulty etc whte me • arker met from seep, eer etc red met • meat from w aals or bds me • co cooke meats chrcutere • meat miced for stufng forcemet • sease paste of ey mice meat: p • bone piece of meat: fllet • ti slice of et esclope • tick slice of meat ste • sma ro cut of meat: mdllo, osete • grle or frie portion of meat

cutlet . ge piece of meat cooke , whole: joint .joint icluding t

front ribs rc .oit of meat it its backbone: chn e

. meat cut from

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he breast brset .joit from below he ribs: lo

.joit of meat consis-

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ig of bot lois: sddle • ick ed of a loin of meat chump .meat cut from the side of a carcass fl J .long th slice of meat role and stued: pupete .catle met used as food beef • ca meat used as food 1 ve • der met used as food ve so .ig meat used as food • seep meat sed as food lmb, to • anal's thymus or pacreas as  food: sweetbred • ail' interna[ organs eaten as meat offl, pluc • hard white fat round he kide  suet • fa fig om roasting mea drpp .touh cartage  mea rsle .meat from a cow's ta ox tl • mea from a pig's eg h . amb's testicles as food fry .fri d thi slice of white meat coated i .sm breadcrumbs schel pieces of meat cooked on a sker ebb  kebab of maiaed mea and vegeables shsh eb • com pressed spiced meat coated in crumbs ad frid: rssole .ish min meat toppd wi mashed tato cotte pe, shepherd's • minced meat rolled i bacon: esy .dish of chopped meat hsh .dish of nely mice� meat mble • smal seasoed meaJ b queelle .okd moud layered copped meats and/or abIes terre • dish of griled meats mxed rll • sh pressed meat  aspic • dish of chopped mat, eggs, and seasonig  ish of meat braised i wie dub • is of stewe meat i a white

� Oj

frcs see

. caserle of meat and v

getables: hotpot • preserve meat bI, soking etc: cure . leave meat i

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ical tatnt I ca tat

• medica

teamen of e heaing system udioogy .mdical eat ment of he kidney neroogy .mdica teatment of menal is eases ycitry medical eatment of  nevous system neuro medical teament f old ogy people geritrics medical eatment of the sk drmtoogy medical teatment of e uinay sysem roogy medical teatmen of men gynecoogy .medic teament to fe the body of oxs detoxifiction assiduous teatmet of e dangeously  intnsive cre  mdical teatmnt poviding mecanical substiutes fo mssing o defective bdily ogans biengneering  tempay povision  tese ife mecal bunng cuter suort iztion, cutery  medic teatment b cmicals cemotery medica teatment using intense cold cryotery medical teatmnt usng dus mediction medica teament by sma doses of sub taces odun te same stoms as t disease oeoy med  teatment b ugs ging effects oppsite to te symptoms oy  mdia eament by o o moe ds mo terpy me ical atment sing ynoss yno ty  use of it as a medical eatment ootery medical ttment ung adiatin ncer eapetic s f udc gt otery  edical eat me by ate ydroty, yro dentng  meca tetment nlving bdpenetation detng mecl teat invsiv ment aimed at cntanment ly dentng medical consevtive tament tha is eective againt a  vety of gems brod sectrum medical teatment b ativatin f te mune sstm immnotey medal teatment gven t eassu

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o pacify he patiet pcebo de otng medica eent given at the patients equest ectiv denotg medcal eament given a he tme of an opeaion erioertive meical eaen given befoe a doco aivs  rst i  systms of mdcal eament no favoued by he Wes en medical sablishmnt ten tive medic in, fringe meicine sy tems of medical eatmen beyond e scope of esten medicine come mntry mcn .medical ttment consideing te hole atien oism pysical teatmen f b injues o defomity ysioe asessment of the ugency of a pa tients need fo eaent trig slow ecton infusion usaine pulling f a mscle o limb trct secnday effect o medic teat ment side eect peson quing o eceivng medical teatmen cse, int discussion of such a peon and his o he teatmen cse cofer ence pogamme f eatet e gim, rgimen ecod  sc a pe sons stuation and teaent c itory  spto suggestng a aticla eatment indiction .symp tm ang aganst a paticua eatment cntndicion ac ceptance f tament b a ptnt aae of te isks involed if witten list of mdic consnt aments accepable t he bee n cs of unconsciounes etc dv drecte iving wil  cad auth ing use of pats of te hodes bo fo medical pupses te is o e death donor cr epeated seies of medca tatmets corse  abil ity to endue a couse of medca tea ment toernce pocedues fo a cuse of medical eatment rotoo abnmal seatng caused by me al teatment diorsis tn tube seted nto he body fo med ical pupses cnn denotg

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

daton  dn

medical services having no patient contact: paclinical person re covering om medical treaent: convaescent caused by medical treaent: iatrogenic  establish ment oring specialist medical care: clinic �  o alternative medi cine, omplementary medicine

edcto  forcible medication: gavage  medication with extracts om anmal organs: organotherapy medication ibiting germ growth: antiseptic  medication given before an operation: premedication  solid medication inserted to dissove in the vagina: pessary  solid medication inserted to dissolve n the vagina or rectum: suppository  cancer tret ment by drugs: chemothepy can cer treaent by X-rays: radiotherapy  preparaion to remove unwanted hair: depilatory  substance develop ng bodily immunity to a diease:  vac cine medical device for amin stering tny amounts o a liquid: drip feed  denoting  the appli cation of medication through the skn tanscutaneous, transderma de noting a drug capsule givng steady content release over a long period: sustaiedreease  undesirable sec ondary eect of medication side ef fect

edce

 cmbinng  ci

form

pharm(aco) pharma ceutica denoting commercally avaable medicine: patent medi

cine made by dissolving a drug in al cohol tinctu medicine used to treat alergies: antihistamine medi cine able to target particular cells: magic bulet • medicine for constipa tion: aperient  medicine for coughs: expecoant, inctus medicine to axative defecation: encourage medicne to cause some bodily dis charge: evacuant medicine for fever: antipyreic, febrifuge medi cine to relieve atence: carminative

 medicine to ease naation: de mucent  medicine to be nhaled: in halation  device for taking this: in

haler medicine taken to nvigorate: tonic medicine for itchng: anti pruritic medicne atacng micro organisms: antibiotic medicine to clear the nose: decongestant medi cine to counteract poison anidote, antitoxin, antivenin liquid pain kler rubbed into the skin emroca tion medicine to reduce nervous or physical activity: depressant medi cine to cause sweaing: diaphoretic medicine to increase urination: diur etic medcine to cause vomitng: emetic quack medicine: nostrum

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 denoting a medicie to be appied to

the outside o the boy: externa de noting a medicine to be taken into the body: internal  denoting a medicine made om natural ingredients: galen ical  denoting a medicine available oy on prescription: ethical denot ng a non-brande meicie: generi  treaent by medicies: phar macotherapy  place where medi cies are made up: dispensary  doc tor's order fr a medicie to be made up or issued: prescription  amount o medicne to be iven at one tme: dose  se or equency of a pre scribed dose of medicne: dosage  container for an njectable dose of medicie: ampoue dose of medi cie reiforcing a previous one: booster  dose of medicine given to an animal: drench  peson traied to prepare and dspense medcnes chemist, pharmacist place where medicies are dispensed pharmacy  oca list of medicies, with i suctions for preparation and use: pharmacopoeia, codex, formuary

 remedial substances used i medical

practice: materia medica medical use of radioactive Ubstances: nucear medicine  study of medicies and the uses: pharmacology

 va  I stuat



                                                                                                                              

dil .meeval asocaton of caftsmen o mecants: guld  meetngplace fo ts: guldhall .meeval cemst seeng to tun base metals nto gol: alchemy .meeval system of lan tenure feudalm unarmonze meeval Latn curc musc: Gegra cha, pag mdii  cosslegge metaton posture: l pii • re peate wor or soun use n me taton mara Mdirr .ense scrub of te eteranean coast: maqui i • unexpecte meetng: e cuer • pont of meetng an nte acton ieace .meetng for aca scusson emc cllquum, ema, ympum • meetng to be attene by all quale to o so pleary .meetng attene by all quale to o so: pleum • arrange meetng redezvu • arrange meetng wt epotes press cferece • meetng for cuc govenment: yd, cry .meetng o carnals to elect a pope: cclave • meetng of elegates: cgre, cvei .mass meetng: rally .meetng wt varous sessons cferee .meetng of eas of state: ummi • ocal wo calls meetngs cveer .representatve sent to a meetng delegae .mnum attenance requre for a meetng to be vald: qurum . enotng a meetng attened by a quorum: qurae  e notng a meetng lacng ts urae  lst of tems to be ealt wt at a meetng: ageda  spea at a meetng cbue . present a topc for scusson able  proposal lad before  meetng m • mae suc a propsal: mv .formay support ts: ecd  mocaton o a mo ton aedme • meetngs approval of a moto: ap  state met of a meetg ecson:

relui • queston on poceue: p f rder .reco of a meetng: miue  ee alo parlame l  substance mxe wt a sol to lowe ts meltng pont flux • water from a meltng glce meltwaer brsip . lst of members: rll • wtraw fom membesp: ecede • epve of membersp: debar, expel  remove from membersp of a professona boy: re ff br .membane dvng te toax from te abomen da phragm • membane lnng te abomen perieum .membrane suounng a fetus ami, amic membrae, cul .membne bocng a vrgns vagna: hyme • embane between te toes of a swmming b web • open soe on an ntenal membrane ulcer r • abty to emember: recall, reeivee .enotng a memory capable of etale ecal phgraphic • vv an etae memory of an event al recall .suppose subconscous memory of sant events n uman story: race memry • suppose ban cange on memog sometng egram, memry ace .ablty to recall objects sown once: memry pa .a to memory memic .tem ept as a emner meme, • memory tecnques: uveir memtechic .arousng memoes evcave . sca fom ones memory ulear • nabty to recall a fama tem: metal blc .storte memory esultng from confuson of fact an fantasy paamea . loss of memory ameia, blivi md .tat cannot be mene: ireaable sr • acive me rual meruu • st occurece of menstruaton: mearche

ntal ln I tal

9 .regulr cycle of ovuton nd menstruton: mentrual cycle menstrul bleedng: menrrhea menstrul blood: mene bsorbent pd for ths: antary twel .excessve menstrul bleedng: menrrhaga  pu or dfcut menstruton: dymenrrhea bnorml bsence of menstruton: amenrhea .cesston of menstruton n mddle ge: climacterc, menpaue

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ml ilss . combin ing form mana • mild mentl illness wth grsp of relty retned : neur

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rms: tratjacet brn surgery to tret mentl ilness: pychugey psychologcl tretment of mentl ilness: pychtherapy commt compusorly to  psychtrc hosptl: ectn order uthorzng detenton n  mentl hosptl: recepn rder person ctng for those unble to mnge ther on fs: guardan .study nd tretment of mentl illness: pychatry, pychanaly, pychpathlgy .denotng  person free from mentl illne

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ane cmp ment m .lmted menu served t  xed overll prce: table d'hte

• severe mentl illness wth loss of conscousness of relty pych wth tems prced septely • cutely dsordered stte of mnd de- a• menu la carte lrum • mentl illness cused by nxety or depresson nevu brea- rcr • Greek nme Herme dwn • sevee nbty to com • Mercurys snketwned st: caduceu muncte or form reltonshps wth others autm .delusons of self- mrcr • mercury lloy used to  mportnce fle de grandeur teeth: amalgam • shred delusons: fle a deux mrc • mercy shown to  defeted .entl llnes cusing exctement enemy: quarter nd volence: mana • retret nto  mrr .lrge compny creted by

 fntsy world: chphrena .ner  vous brekdown resutnt from wr experences: hellhc, cmbat fatgue mentlly unstble: diturbed .mentlly i nn cmp ment mentl retrdton wth shortness of stture Dwn' yndrme person suerng lterntng depresson nd euphor: mancdepreve .per son wth chronc mentl lness led ng to volent behvour: pychpath person mnestng extreme ntsocl tttudes nd behvour cused by or nvolvng path mentl ilness: pathlgcal nsttuton oerng protecton nd tret ment for the mently i pychatrc

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hptal, mental hptal, aylum

• mentl hosptl room for volent ptents: padded cell • electrc shocks dmntered to tre mentl ilnes electrcnvulve therapy • strong

jcket connng  mentl ptents

mergers: cnglmerate, crpratn denotng  merger between com pnes wth prllel functons: hr zntal denotng  merger beteen compnes wth sequentl funcon vertcal reverse prevous mergers:

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demerge mss • messge delvered wth  kss gram • mesge delvered by  strptese rtst: trppergram .mege ent by telephone but delvered in wrten form telemeage • devce for the nput nd prntout of telegrph messges: teleprnter mssr • messenger crryng portnt docents cuer • delvery by such  messenger expre l • oblong block of met: ngt .long thn trp of met: batten .thn nd nrrow srp of metl lat .thn exble sheet of metl fl

tal I sp

• very

thin sheet o metal leaf . metal grating grille . made o two metals bmeallc • combination o two or more metals ally • rough edge on cu metal bur • rough piece o metal or grinding or smoothing fle .light metalcoated sheet retain ing hea pace blae • thin metal sheet or motor vehicle bodies pael • metal ri: he • metal cap on the end o a stick ferrule .metal plate on a tapdancers shoe ap • dis carded metl or reprocessing crap • substance mixed with metal to ease melting flux • vessel or molten metal ladle • extract metal rom ore by heating and melting: mel • stony waste separated o during metl melting: lag • block of smelted metal: w, pig .meal tech nology meallurgy • hardness and elasticity o metal emper • denoting metal brittle when hot hhr • denoting metal that can be pessed or hammered into shape malleable • enoting metal hammered into re lie: rep • denoting metal in laid with gold or silver: damaceed • denoting a metal resistant to chem ical action ble • denoting metal resistant to tension: hgheile • denoting metal shaped by hammer ing wrugh  denoting metal not iron or steel ferru • tool or moulding or stamping out metal die • metalshaping machine: lah • stone or sharpening metal he, grde whee • machine polishing metal lappg machie • scum on the surace o molten metal dr • place where metal is cast: fudry .metal weakness rom changing sresses faig e • surace dulling o metal exposed to air arh • suace discoloration o cer tain metals: paa  hard protective coating for metal lacque  hape metal under heat: frge • astcool metal by plungig ito water or oil:

0 quech • harden metal by heating and then cooling emper • ct or shape metal mll • cover with a thin coating o metal plae • latten sheet metal pla ih .unite heated metal under pressure weld  clean meal by steelparticle ombardment hbla • damage metal by gradual chemical action: crrde • aoy used to oin metal lder • meta worker mih, blacmih • skill o chasin and carving metal reuc  tet o metal for rity asy  study o metals and their purica tion mealurgy l cr • person sing this as a hobby deecri r • meter measuring opeak electricity consumption white meer  • methods used mehdlgy • method o doing something mdu peradi • usual method pracice Micn • Mexican widebrimmed hat mbrer • Mexican at maize cake rilla • tortila with a spicy ling burri, faji, ac • tortla lled with chillied meat or cheese echilada • cheesetopped tortla piece: ach • Mexican dish o mhed vocado guacamle .Mex ican dish o ried stued chiis: chle relle .Mexican sauce o onion garlic coriander and peppers ala verde • Mexican agave spirit equla • inhabitant o Mexico at the time o the Spanish conquest ec • Spanish conqueror o Mexico cquad crcip • design o devices using microchips: elecric icrpn .underwater micro phone hydrphe  microphone used close to the mouth lip mcrphe icrscp • microscope using electron beams elecr micrcp • glass plate or microscope speci

 mens to be examined ide  thin glass protecting a microscope specimen: cverip .thin layer of tissue etc on a microscope slide mear .plate on which the slide is set age iddl . combin ing foms medi, me e ehic) mid e i ba)  aecives media, media  middle ear: ympaum  middle term in a series: media  middle way of compromise: via media  denoting a middle kill level iermedi ae iddle e  loss of selfcondence aeged to occur in eay middle age midife crii .cessation ofmenstru ation in late middle age: mepaue Middle Eser .money given as a bribe or tip in the Middle East: baheeh  Middle Eastern rice dish with spices and egetables piaf  Middle Eastern woman's erotic solo dance: bey dace ilir  enrol for mitry service: ei  person joining the armed forces voluntary: recrui, vueer  person made to oin the armed forces: ccrip  newly enlisted person: recrui  young mitary trainee: cade  compulsory peace time mitary training aia ervice  complete one's military training pa u  mitary ocer assisting a senior ocer adua, aidedecamp  miitary ocers who plan a campaign: geera a  senior stf ocer chief f aff .mitary ocer in charge of a camp cmmada  miitary ocer n charge of secrity rdery fficer .miitary ocer in charge of sup plies quarermaer  commander of a combned miitry fore geera iim  ocer in charge of a nations forces: cmmaderichief regiment's honorary hea cel ichief  mitary ocer of the rst grade: cmmiied fficer .mi

il I ilitay

tary ocer of the second grade warra fficer  military ofcer of the lowest grade cmmiied fficer  miitary ofcers assistant rdery  miitary ocer's personal servant bama  mitary personnel who are not commissioned ofcers: her ra  miitary personnel of the lowest grade he ra, her ra . clergyman attached to a miitary unit: chapai, padre  document conferring promotion cmmii, warra  document conferring promotion without extra pay breve . list of members of a miitary nit muer r  miitary force cige . front section of a miitry force: va, vaguard  group of several army divsions crp .group of several army brigades or egiments divii  infan try unit forming part of a brigade baai  specialized miitary sec tion crp  miitary corps preparng roads and terrain: pieer  miitary group sent on a special mission deachme, dea, pice, quad, a frce . small detachment fie  execution detachment firig quad . detachment to re a miitary salute firig pary .detachment sent to seize specied persons: ach quad  miitary force drawn from various units to deal with a particular situation baegrup .miitary unit specializing in raids cm.a member of this: mad cmmad  mitry pesonnel belonging to no established unit irreguar  member o f an irregular resistance force: guerria, paramiiary, para . such a force: miiia  spell of mitary sevice at a particu lar location pig, u ur f duy  mitary accommodation camp, barrac bie  town with a large permnent mtry preence: garri w .armoured obseva tion post blchue  small distant

ay I k

military establishment tpst • military establishment serving meals mess • British sovereign's eremonial guard Yeme f the Gard • oer in this ex • military personnel ghting on oot ifaty • miltary personnel using horses or armoured vehiles cavalry • military personnel regarded as expendable units cao fdder military engineer aying and removing ines sappe .longterm military plans strategy • shortterm military plas tactics .military preparations dispsitis • display o military power as a persuader saberattlig, shw f frce • planned military attak offesive perati  sudden and intensive military attack blitz • mili tary ampaign based upon this blitzkrieg aidental damage aused to uninvolved ivilians by military ativities clateral damage  military ation to prevent movement o goods or personel blckade • redution  a orted point by surrounding it siege • provision o military manpower and supplies lgistics • military department or ood and equip ment: cmmissariat  military stores and materials: materiel, rdace • store for military supplies magazie  aquisition o military equipment and supplies pcremet  large military guns atilery • military ormation in parallel rows eche  end a parade o troops dismiss • military eld training exercises, field day maevres ores in the battle zone frt ie • position military ore depy  remove ores rom a onit area disegage • moe away rom a su perior enemy etea • retreaters' tati o destroying anything o use to the enemy scched eat plicy • derease o military presene: draw dw • remoe all military presene demiiaize take troops out o a

 tive servie: dembilize • redue military ores disarm • military rebellion mtiy • military ourt crt martial (pl cts aa r ct atas • barrister advising this: jdge advcate • oial ontrolling army and RAF ourts martial Jdge Advcate Geeal • redue to a lower rank as a punishment degrade, demote • military punish ment o doing drill arrying ull kit pack ril • dismiss with dishonour fm the armed ores cashier suh dismissal dishorable discharge • unauthorized abandonment o military servie deser • person not belonging to the armed ores civilia • person reusing mlitary sevie o morl grouds: cnscientis bjector • menial work assigned to military personnel fatiges • military signal to wake up eveile miliary ag stadard, clrs • military eremony with bands and ountermarhing eteat • mlitary eremony and orml inspetion review • military entertainment with skill demonstrations tatt • state poliy based on maintenance and use o large military ores militarism �  ao ifrm, wa weap mik . combningform act, galact.acv: dai ry lactic lacteal oagulated milk crds • thin mlk re maining ater urds have ormed whey • dish o sweetened urds jket  soured ermented mlk ygrt  drink of avoured whisked milk milkshake  tinned evaporated and sweetened milk codesed milk evapated milk  milk seretion lactati • gland produing milk mammary glad • substane that ireases a nursing mother's ow o milk gaactagge • denoting a ow kept to give milk milch • plae where milk is proessed or sold dairy • small art or van delivering milk fat  denoting milk treated to pre



llon  o

vent crea separaton: omogenzed mik o whch the cream has been removed: skmmed mk sterlze mlk by heat or adaton: paster ze .made wthout mlk nondary

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

combinng form mega a mlon deaths, as a unt for statg wa faales megadeat

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 mbining form mco

mh

e micromtr)

mcy .mmcy n whch an ed ble anmal s protected by s resem blance to one avoded by ts predators: Batesan mmcry

 tiv menta noetc psycoogca  part of the md of whch one s not lly aware sbcon scos  pat of the mnd from whch memores can easy be recalled: pre conscos  pat of the subcon



scous d wth shared ancestral memores coectve nconscos pat of the unconscous led wth memores unque to th ndvdual: persona nconscos .n the mnd nteror exstg ony n the mnd: notona part of the md not normay accessble to conscousness nner space . caess of mnd menaly eqanmy eqbrm lethargc torpd . shap-mnded: n cIsve mental powers: nteect dex of a person's mental ablty ex pressed as the age at whch such an ablty level  tpcal menta age mental pctue mage study of the md and ts functons psyc oogy   o psycoogy

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m'

. horzontl passage leadg to a me: adt vertcal passage leadng nto a mne sa top of a mesha ptead mesha l cage skp mne's ventlaton shaft: pcast hozon undegound pssage gaery b suppot a mne roof: pt pop .short post sup portng a me roof pnceon

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. shaft lnng or patton: bace pat of a mne om whch mnerals ae extacted: workngs . sold ma teral contang a valuable sub stance: ore testng of ore for purty assay . statum of ore: seam ledge ode ven . man statum of ore moter ode .materal contanng a seam gange matrx surface of a seam face excavaton follow g a seam: dr smltaneous m ng of a whole face ongwa workng . denotg mg on  nea the su face opencast strpmnng .waste materal bought up om a mne spo ner detonatng blastng chages: sotrer .mer's pck safety lamp used  mes made avy amp . suffocatg cabon monoxde gas found  mes coke damp . methane found  mnes damp edamp carbon-dode gas le by redamp exploson ae damp .land aken or alloted for mnng clam

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

.me actvated by sound waves sonc mne . area ll of mes mneed .set out mnes ay sow mltary engeer ayng and removg mes sapper ante devce towed behd  at paavane

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a . magnetc mneral ode stone .dscove mea deposts: strke .study of merals mnera ogy

Ma

 Gr : Aena

 yung mnk kt  tiv catoptc  speca  ttng mro ceva k

gass .large mrro between w dows per gass .mrro eectn om one sde but tanspaent om the other: oway mo havng n sde tat s te mo age of another: symmetca molecule that  the mror mage of another

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sfoun I onasy

eaome .crystal that is the mir ror image of another eatomoph misforn  delight in the misfortunes of others schadefede  re lect smugly uon another's misfortuns: goa missi  missile guided by an onboard comuter cse mssle  selfroeed underwater missile toped  denoting a missile using gravity for guidance: bastc  de noting a missile lectronically rogrammed to nd its target smat  denoing a missile designed to evade radar detection: steath  send a mis sile on its course ach  missile's exlosive head: payload, wahead  underground launchad for mis siles so .establishment monitoring satellite movements trackg sta to .iece of brick used as a missile brckbat missionr  missionary's long leave: fogh mi  mix to make uniform throughout: homogeze .mix to create something different syhesze .mix socially with: fateze, hobob .that cannot be mixed: mms cbe mir  confused mixture fa rago  comosed of mixed ats: heteogeeos, hybd  harmonious mixture tegato  incongruous mixture hybrd motey  metal mixed with some other element: aoy  mixture of articles in a luid ss pes .mercury mixture used in dental llgs amagam mob mob rule mobocacy, ochocacy  execution by a mob lych g mockr  ublic mockery jee jbe, ampoo, pasade, sate scoffg skt  mockingly ironic: sacastc  grimly mocking saoc  dry (se)mocking wy

4

 mocking misreresentation pady, tavesty mocking remark tat  with hidden mockery sde od  stringcontroed model of a

erson or animal pppet .modeed scene with a ainted backdro: doama  lightweight wood used in modelmaking: basa .female model aearing on magaine covers cve g  raised ath used by models in a fashion show catwak modicion .modication to a roosal at a ublic meeting: amedmet .modication to arliamentary bl or judicial verdict d .modication to suit articular requirements cstomzato oisr • combining form hygro full of moisture: satrated  vod of moisture: dehydated, desccated  absorbing moisture from the air: hygoscopc .reserving moisture: hmectat . denoting an atmoshere with much moisture: hmd . device achieving this: hmdfer  devices measuring this hmdsta, hygromete, hygoscope oc .molecule that is the mirror image of another eatome  molecule that can b bonded to other identical molecules to form a olymer: moomer  substance comosed of bonded similar molecular grous poyme olc  study of mouscs: maacoogy  study of mousc shes cochoogy omn  at the right moment pat  for the moment a hc, a tem, po tempoe momnm .tiny discrete amount of momentum qatm Monco .dciv Mogasqe monsr  dciv clastral  sma monastery proy  monas tery room for conversation: pao  monastery dining hall efecoy  covered walk in a monastery cos

 ter • coveed passageway slype .head of a monasey: abbt head of a smal monastey prr .monastey's govenin body: chapter • eetg pace fo this chapter hse . denoting a monastic chap t captar money • iv pecnary, mnetary, nmsmatc . money held: captal, fnances, reserves money avaable fo nvestment capta • capital used in daytoday tansac tions wrkng capta • money in ciculation mney spply • money in coin spece • money in coin o notes: cash • Bitish money: sterlng • pooled fud o f oney ktty  instalment of money: tranche • amount of mony sm • ve smal sm of money: pance • smal sum of money fo mino expenses petty cash, pn mney • smal sum of money given in ewad fo a sevice: tp • smal sum of money given egu ay to a chd pcket mney • sum of money deoted to a spia pupose: apprpiatn • money accumuated fo the eventua eplaement of a wasting asset snkng fnd .money held in tust: escrw • money paid fo wok done remnratn • money paid back rebate refnd, rembrsement • money paid to those one has wonged cmpensat, reparatn • money egained: clawback • money sent: remance  money placed out in hope of pot nvest ment • mony mad avaab by a bank: cedt • money put into a ba account depst • money tken out fom a bank account wthdrawal • diect pamnt of money from one bank account to anothe: credt trans fer • mony tansfd electonic aly dgtal cash • system fo this gr • money that must be accepte as payment legal tender • money fequently einvested: ht mney  money gained dishonouably dry

 I  mney, cre • money o specuative invesent: rsk captal , vere cptal • denoting money geneaig no inteest: dle .money moved abo as a pecaution ght capta pb ic avaiabity of money crct .money eceived cme .money eceived fom a tanaction prceeds • money paid out: dsbrsement, expendtre, tlay  mone given away largesse  sum of mone o be paid annualy annty • money fo iving expenss keep • money pid fo pofessiona seices: fee • money paid to sevice a debt ntrest • money paid on pbic nspot fare • money suppied at the stt of business: fat  money pad to th landod by an incomig tnant: key mney .money pa o seue the elease of a psone awtig tia bal, recgnace  pay this money fo anothe: stand bal • money paid as compensation damages • money paid to nsue sececy hs h mney . money paid as a poltica bibe: slsh mney • money paid to cminas to secue tei oodwi prtectn mney • mey paid to assage ones consciene cn scence mney • mony paid to coe possble amage dept, ca tn mney • money paid in by an eection candidate: depst • money save fo he futue nest egg  nancia tickey chcanry • mony gaied dishonouably drty mey • obtain mony by dcepton defad • misuse of money entused to one: embelement, defacatn, pcla tn • money given as a bibe o tip in the Midde Eat bakseesh • money voted annualy by pliamen o h oya fmily: Cvl L .moey paid as consolato fo an ealy temnation of contct glden handshake glden parachte .exta oney paid to emloyees woking where ivg cots e high:

ny I nky



weghg . money paid as a recom leaing a business cash flow • state pense compesao • money paid restrictions on moing money abroad: as a reompense in certain societies exchage corol • underaking to by a killer to his ictims relaties pay regular sums of money: deed of blood moey • money paid to re- coveat .seizure of a debtors lease a captie rasom • accept money or ages garshme .time money to drop a legal action: com- of nancial prosperity boom • time poud  money lent for a short of nancial depression: bs period brdgg loa • money lent moneypouh on a belt bm bag bu repayable on demand: call moey  face alue of a coin or note deom• money raised fo gradual repayment ao .money hose face alue of a debt skg fd .limit on has no relationship to that of the maspending or borroing: cap • grant terial of hich it is mae: oke of money from central to local goernmoey • deprie of monetary status ment gra ad . this ithout de- demoeze • ofcial monetary unit tailed directions as to its use: block of the European Union: ecu  metal gra • money gien to help nance or plastic disc used instead of money some orhhile actiity subsdy oke • money airs: faces  plan of anticipated income and ex person in charge of much money: penditure: bdge .person man- facer • inluential nancier: aging a chools or coleges nances: gome .study of the geting and brsar • person handling money in a spending of money: ecoomcs shop or ban casher • machine dispensing money cash po • proide Monon • Mongolian nomads mony to meet expenses defray tent: yu .upply money: face, fud .sum montor • establishment monitoring of money gien to charity: doao satelite moements: trackg sao • sum of money paid reguarly to . group monitoring monopoly organ someone to coer his expenes: alow izations watchdog ace  state money paid to parnts: monk . adecive oasc • beginchld be • state agency organiz- ner monk ovce, oblae, posla ing chi maintennce aments: • take monastic os be professed Chld Sppor Agecy . mony for • monk deoting his life to prayer: running a household: houseepg coemplatve .monk of an unen• eut mony from ages etc_: dock closed order: frar • monk mosy  ant nancing uniersity study: concerned ith manual ork: lay rsay • intended to make money: • monk's hood: cowl broher comml  r for money avar• monks short cloak scaplar ce cpdy • interested only in money mrceary • careul ith .moks robe hab monk's room cell • denoting a monk earing no money frugal, mserly, ggardly, parsmos, ry .haing suf- shoes: dscalced • shaen part of a cient oy comforable, solve onks head osure .community .short of oney hard p, embar- of monks: moasery • society of rassed mpecos .dispose of monks under a particuar rue order • chief of certain religious orders: money so as to conceal its ilegal origins lader • direct exchange of geeral • belonging to a monastic goods r serices ithout the use of order regar money barer • money entering and money .adecive sma

 monster . combining form terat• bearle creature sad to lve n the Hmalayas: Abmnable snwman yet • beng from other wold: alen • study of abnorma forms and growths teratlgy monument • monument to er son(s) bured elsewhere: centaph

ont ! o

ore .tactcs desgned o weaken an oonents morae gamesmansh p, psychlgcal waare ors • denotng a erson wth strct moral standards purtancal stratlaced • comlacent n ones o mora suerorty: sanctmnus selfrghteus • doubt as to an actons moraty: scruple .secton onuent brss • aloy o of socety of questonable morlty: whch these are made: latten • aer demmnde • erson wth no tracng of a brass: brass rubbng, rub- morals: lbertne • reecton of moral bng • substance used for ths: hl- rules mmralsm nhlsm ball . combining form ore tn . combining form lun oon preter  eenaua) selen • ajiv lunar • moon's oron • Mormon lace of worsckle shae: crescent .moon rst sh tabernacle aearng thus: new mn • stage n the moons aearance and dsaear ornn .erod of mornng tw ance: phase, uarter • denotng a lght: dawn moon ncreasng n aarent sze ortr • tn mortar: grut .morwaxng . denotng a moon decreas- tar ng the onts n brckwork ng n arent sze wanng • au- pntng tumn f moon: harvest mn orte • erson grantng a .lunar lan: mare • mang of mortgage mrtgagee .eson tak the moon: selengraphy  • study of ng out a mortgage mrtgagr the moon: selenlgy . wthn the .mortgagees reossesson of mortmoon's orbt: sublunar • between the gaged roerty: freclsure .mort moon and the erth csluna • be gae whose rnca s read by an yond the moon, or of sace travel to nsurce olcy: endwment mrtwards t: translunar .crcle of lght gage • mortgage whose rncal seen round the moon when ran s exand nteres are read n xed nstalpected: auree, crna • aarent ments: repayment m rtgage • value crcle of lght round the moon caused of a mortgaged roerty after deducby atmosherc ce crystals hal ton of charges aganst t: euty • brght sot aearng besde the ocow • ajciv Muscvte moon: paraselene • glow on darkened arts of the moon from sunlght o .ajiv Msac relected from the earth earthlght osque .mosque tower: maret .mosques lt mnbar • nche n earthshne .tremor on the moons surface: mnuake • small sace a mosques wall facng Mecca: mhrab craft for moon landngs: lunar mdule • drecton ths shoud take: kblah .mosque oca cang the fathfu .vehcle for travel on the moon: mn buggy, lunar rvng vehcle to raye muen .mooke landscae mnscape osquto • tye of mosquto that carres malara: anpheles oor • hgh moolnd n north Eng ld: fel wld • so lace on a oss • combining form bry moor hag • study of mosses: brylgy

th I t v

ot . moth pupa chrysals pungent pee deterring moths mthbal • moth expert lepidopterist oter  cmbnng fm matr aciv materal • killing one's mother matrcde oto aciv ketc energ of moton mpets • impetus gained b a moving object mmetm  tendenc to produce rotator motion mmet • deprive of the power of motion paralyse otor • boat's motor housed inside the hu bard  boat's motor housed outside the hu tbard  motor powered b explosive combus tion of fuel teral cmbst egie  motor powered b ignition of fuel in hot compressed air cmpessgt ege desel ege . adjust a motor for efcient running te • denoting an motor running whie out of gear dlg  motor's starting mechanism gt • begin to operate a motor ct   stop operating a motor suddenl ct t • rotating coil in an electric motor amate • device controlling the ow of fuel to a motor thrttle • air valve on a petrol engine carbur ettor choke  proportion of fuel to air mixtre  device increasing the mixture pressure spercharge  supercharger driven b exhaust gases tbcharger  device atomiing fuel ject  petrol engine rt tle or explosions due to fault combus tion nckg pkng backfrng  correct sequence of events n the clinder of an internal combustion engine timg otorcyce  light motorccle med mt scte scte  ight motorccle for rough terrain: al bke . racing motorccle with four large tres ad bke  support for a motorccle wheel frk • motor ccle handgrip that is twisted to open the throtle twstg  motorccle

8 passenger seat ll  small passenger vehicle attached to a motorccles sde sdecar • motorccle without a sidecar sl  cinder track for motorccle races drt track • motorccle crosscountr race mtcss otorcycst  motorcclist delivering urgent documents dsatch rder  motorcclist's protective helmet crash helmet  motorcclist's trick Qf driving with the front wheel off the ground heele otor fue  denoting fuel burning with a high proportion of air lea otorst • selsh motorist rad hg • motorist who drives excessivel fast speed merchat  slowdriving motorist in search of prosti kebcrawler • violence tutes between motorists rad age  motorist's short coat car cat otor rc • motor race up a steep hill hll clmb • motor racing over rough terrain atcrss rallycrss  longdistance motor race over rough terrain ed r • longdistance motor race over public roads and/or rough terrain rally • motor racing round a banked oval track Idy • short motor race testing acceler ation drag race . car designed for this dragste . classication for ra cing cars frma • approve a car's formula assignment hmgate  basic racing car kart • starting area grd • sharp double bend in motor race track chce  trackside area for repars and refuellng ts .controed skid d • ag signallng the end of a motor race cheeed flag otor ec • sma motor vehicle with lifting prongs frkl trck large heav vehicle jggerat .large vehicle carring cars etc taste large covered lorr atechc  horse transporter



t h  I t hil 

horsebox  wide weeled veicle for travelling over sand beach buggy, dune buggy  small vecle for golf ers and teir equipment gof cart  motor veicle for travelling over snow: snowmobie  motor veicle clearg roas of snow snowpough .motor veicle wt livng accommo dation: camper, camper van , caravaee  motor veicle carrying a con hearse  sturdy veicle for roug terrain jeep TM, fourtrack, offroad vehice  smal open sigleseater vecle for roug terrain: a terrai vehice, aroader  strong agricutural motor wt large rear weels: tractor  armourplated military or police veicle: armour, armoured car, armoured pesoe carrier .tracked armoured gting veice: tak  re service veicle fire egine, teder . motor vecle pulling or carrying veicles away for repair breakdow orry recovery vehice  motor veicle's base frame chassis  metal framewCr of a veicle body she  bodywork constructed over te sell coacwork .motor veicles e side: easide  motor veicles rigt side off side  motor vecle modied to give ower and speed hot rod  motor veicle's acceleraton and andling at speed peormace  veicle travel ling on a cusion of air: hovercra  denoting a motor veicle wit special bodywork coachbuit  motor vecle's upolstery etc trim .motor veicle body wit ntegral cassis moocoue  tin metal seet for motor veicle bodies: pae  person saping ts pane beater  group of motor veicles travellng togeter covoy .motor veicle's front window widscreen  inged eyescreen: su visor  motor ve icle's nstrument panel: dashboard, fascia  instrument indicating speed of travel speedometer  instrument

indicating engine speed tachometer  dasboard storage recess govebox gove compartment  saft connecting a steering weel to its mecansm steering coum  rod turning te front weels track rod  steering column leve wt electrical swtces stak  mecanism conveying engnepower to te axle: transmission  mecanism givng increased power to steering and brakes servo, servomechasm  denoting suc a  semisystem powerassited automatc system of veicle control: steerbywr  denoting a transmisson system cangng gears automatically: automatic .denoting a transmissin system controlled by te gearsift: manua  motor vecle gear system gvng smoot canges synchromesh  move wit gears dsengaged: coast  engne cover bonnet, hood  motor veicle's base frame chassis .motor veicle's streamlinng structure fairig .lattened projection mproving stablity fi  protective bar across te ront or back of a motor veicle: bumper  strong metl grlle tted to te ront of a motor veicle bu bar  metal framework protecting an overturning veicle: ro bars ro cage, safty cage .raised strp on a vecle's sides rubbg strip  subsdiary side  lasing window: uarteright lgts on a motor veicle's sdes: hazard ights, idicators  small ligts indicating a veicle's posiion side ights  part of a vecle body between wndscreen and bonnet scutte  inged rear door or lap: taigate  part of a motor vecle designed to absorb mpact: crumpe zone cush zone  veicle's ablity to witstand collsion: crashworthiess  uncontrolled sideways movement of a vecle's rear: fishtai  vecle's ten dency to turn too sarply: oversteer  motor veicle's grip on te road

oto vhl pas  ovnt

tract • motor locking system op erating al locks cetral lckg • device maintaining a chosen speed crse ctrl • graduated rod for measuring engine oil levels dpstck . device clearing window condensation demster .device passing current to each plug in turn dstrbtr • purier of vehicle exhaust gases catalytc cverter • road for motor vehicles carrageay  tart a ve hicle engne byassing the starter htre • trip in a stolen vehicle jyrde • avoid high speeds in a new vehicle r  .lower the headlights dm, dp • make of motor ve hicle mare • customs permit for the import of a motor vehicle caret • denoting a motor vehicle insurace covering most risks cmprehesve • place to Which iegally paed motor vehicles are removed pd • vehicle's unladen weight dead lad, tare eght • weight of a vehicles burden lve lad • periodic inspecton and maintenance of a machine servce • taking away a vehicle for repairs recvery • device raisng a vehicle's axe jack • sunken aea for work on a vehicle's underside pt • equip troops with motor vehicles mtrze • nausea causd y vhicl travel car sckess, mt sckess  document showing a vehicle's ownership regstrat dcmet, lg bk otor ece rers .estab lishment undertakng thse garage, servce stat • establishment specializing in bodywork bdy shp oudn . cmbiningfm plasty ( eatasty) .easily mouded plastc • cut out with a mould stamp ountn . cmbining fm r • decive mtae . side of a mountain face .top of a mountain peak, smmt . ridge between two peaks cl, saddle • sbsidiary



mountain ridge spr • route over a mountain pass, gap • series of mountains rage • compact moun tain group massf • system of parallel mountain ranges crdllera • geological creation of mounta angs rgey • mapping of mountains rgraphy, rlgy .mass of snow, ice, ad rocks moving down a mountain avalache, glacer • slippage of prt of a mountain surface ladslde • sma mountain lake tarn • steep mountan glley clr ouse . decive mre out • cmbining fms r, stmat . decis ral, bccal . top of the mouth rf, palate congenital split in this cle palate .rear pat of the palate s palate • eshy extension at the back of he mouth vla • cartilaginous ap at the back of the mouth epgltts .mass of tissue at the back of the mouth tsl • space beween the vocal cods gtts • lamed mouh blister cld sre • ulcer on the inside of the mouth enathema • study of the mouth and its diseases stmatlgy .liquid present naturally in the mouth salva • saliva running from th mouth slaver, slbber .liquid to swil round the mout and thoat gargle, mthash • bring swallowed food back into the mouth regrgtate • brass or wid player's correct mouth shape embchre oeent • decive ketc .hasty movement scrry, scle mpatient movement fdget kilful or crafty movement maevre • sow piecemeal movement strag glg • smooth silent movement glde • sudden sharp movement lrch • sudden convusive move ment spsm • incapable of movement ert • move round he edge of skt . move about stealthily prwl, sklk, slk, seak .move slowly and awkwardy shamble • move in 



u I us

laz droopg way slch  make ncapable of movement mmblze, paralyse . system of rhythmcal moements to music erhythmcs muc . combiningfoms mlt  musey), ply  yhedn) mucus . combining fom myx-

 djcivs mcd, mcs • mucus n the nose and throat: catarrh  mucus

mymass)

secreting tissue mcs membrae u .le about n mud or water: wallw mute . combining fom fld  ved)

munct  governg body of a city or borough crprat, cc .ttular head of a muncpalty mayr musce . combining fom: my  muscular system: msclatre .ring of muscle sphcter .muscle bendng a limb: fexr  muscle straightenng a limb  extesr .muscle of the upper arm bceps  muscle holdg the vocal cords laryx  muscuar movement of the alentary canaL perstalss  de notng muscles not under conscous control vltary  denoting muscles under conscous control: vltary  cord connecting a muscle to a bone: sew ted  nablity to rela muscle aer a vgorous eort: myta .muscle pain myalga .muscular spasm cls .muscular spasm and rigidty caused by contamated wounds: tetas  panful contraction of a muscle: cramp  pal musular inammation: rhematsm  muscuar weakness • heredtary progressie paress wasting of the muscles mscular dystrphy  mpaire muscular coordnation due to brain damage cereral palsy . medical treatment of bone and muscle deformities rthpaedcs  therapeutic manipulation

of bones and muscles stepathy • eercises in which the muscles work agast each other: smetrcs • muscle deelopment through strenuous eercise: bdybdg • musclebuildg drug used by sportsmen: aablc sterd .muscle stmulaton by electrc current: electrtherapy  record of a muscle's electrcal activity electrmygram • study of muscles mylgy use • Muse of acting, music and dance: Plyhyma  Myse of astronomy: Uraa .Muse of comedy: hala .Muse of epic poetry Callpe .Muse of the lute Eterpe .Muse of hstory: Cl .Muse oflyrc poetry and hymns: Erat . Muse of lyrc poetry and dance erpschre • Muse of tragedy: Mepmee useu  preservaton of museum objects: cservat  museum's custodan cratr  remove an iem from a museum coection deaccessn .science of museum manage ment: mselgy, msegraphy usroo  mushroomshaped: fgfrm mushroom's lat top ples usc  undemanding music easy lsteg .music deried from trad itonal popular culture fl msc • music intended to evoke an emoton te a stor etc prgramme msc • music composed with no representa tonal purpose: abslte msc • music constructed from prerecorded sounds: mse ccrte • background musc to a f or play: cdetal msc, scre . recorded background musc for public places: mza™ .musc for a funeral processon dead march .secular partsong: madrgal .lighthearted part song: glee .contnuous seres of musical items medley seece . published musical piece or set of pieces ps (pl uses or ea)

ui I u

• denotng music that i s bland and un

demandg midleoftheroad .denoting art music composed on traditional les classical • denoting art music composed between 100 and 1750 baroe . denoting art music composed between 750 and 1800 clas sical • denotng music only using notes from the scale in which it is written diatonic . denoting non diatonc music chromatic .denoting a venote scale petatoic .denotng music having notes of ed durations mensral • denotng music having notes of uned durations ree, rhapsodic • denotng music n which al parts share the same rhyhm homophoic • denotng music whose prs hae their own rhyhms and melodic content poly phoic • denoting music with a sin gle lne performed by al monodic, ison • dnoting music with repeated rhyhm but varied pitch isorhythmic .denoting music using several rhythms simulneously polyrhythmic • denoting music using transformations of a ed series of notes seral twelveote, twelve tone • such a series of notes tone row • relatng to a twelvetone musical scal chromatic • relating to an eighttone musical scae diatoic • music for a few musicians chamber msic • music for a single musician solo • music for two musicians det, do • music for three musicians trio . music for four musicians artet • music for ve muscians itet . music for s musicians sextet .musc for seven musicians septet • music for eight muscians octet • short piece for brss nsrumnts fanfare lorish .rescore a musical piece for derent nstrumnts or voices rascribe • denoting musc dsigned to have a random element in its performance aleatoric aleatory • medieva atin

3 church music Gregorian chant plaisog • knd of medieval music  with paralle parts codcts, or gam • musical piece where all parts sequentially perform the same notes canon, rod .musical piece whose subject appears n all parts fge  music with several melodies  set together conterpoi • musical piece in ee style fantasia • musical piece designed to strengthen te players chnique stdy • set of musica pieces site, artita • pitch range of a musical composition tessitra .music made up as it is performed extemporizatio .section of a mu sical piece where the subjects rst ap pear expositio • group of notes gien prominn in  musical piec theme • modied version of a theme variatio • rst theme in a musical piece irst sbject • second theme in a muscal piece cotersbject • section of a musical piece where the subjects ar elborated: developmnt .nal section of a piec of music coda • recurrent musica theme ig re, leitmotif • repeated musical sage reprise • composers personal musical style idiom • brief melodic or rhyhmic formula figre repeti tion of this imitatio, ostiato • group of notes sung to one syable meisma • counterpoint sung above a melody descant • sooists ourish at the end of a musical piece cadeza • elaborate vocal ornamentation col oratra . melodic embellshment i oritra ( iue) grace ote • slide from one note to another por tameto • fast alternation between aacent notes trill .music with strngs of fast notes passagework .continuous low note drone, pedal ote pedal poit • instrumental piece over a repeated bass chacone, grond, pa ssaca glia • this repeated bass line: g round bass • interval of sienc e: rest • dec lamatory voc al

 usc reecting the rhyth and intonaton of speech: rectatve 0 denoting choral musc desgned for unperforance: a accopaned cappella ala cappella  popuar closeharony usc for ale voces: barbershop  uscal laent: drge close of a musca phrase: cadece • pont n a musca pece where a per forer ust start: etry 0 orchestra ece wth extended soo work for one or ore nstruments: cocerto denotng an orchestral pece gvng ronence to certan nstruents: cocertate 0 the nstruents so featured: cocerto 0 secton of a usca pece: movemet 0 sute of ght usc: dvertmeto 0 uscal peces range of loudness: dyamc rage dynamcs  conveyance of eelng in usc: expresso 0 ca for a uscal pece to be perfored agan: ecore 0 musca pece so perfored: ecore 0 te n a usca perforance mber usc perfored between the acts of  perforance: etracte 0 pubc usca perforance by one or a few uscans rctal 0 ubc uscal perforance by a nuber of scans: cocert  unstaged perforance of theatre usc: peormace cocert under ublc perforance condtons:  cocert 0 ntroductory ece of usc overtre prelde  pece of usc played between other events: terlde termezzo cosing scal ece: postlde Gean hymn or ts usc: chorale eran solo song: led (pl ede) short usca pece for voces and nstruents: catata 0 substantal unstaged narratve pece for sngers and orchestra: oratoro 0 oratoro narratng Chrsts suering ad death Passo 0 substantal staged narratve ece for sges and orchestra opera 0 tone heard above a notes fndaenta: overtoe  set of these:

us  usal stunt

harmoc seres 0 sgn of muscal ptch: clef 0 uscal ece's basc key: home key 0 perfor or score in a different key: traspose 0 key structure of a muscal pece: toalty  oveent fro one key to another mdlato 0 denotng usc wrtten n no key or ode: atoal 0 denotng usc sng severa keys smutaneously: poly toal 0 group of notes sounded together: chord  stabe and leasing chord: cocord cosoace 0 unstable and harsh chord: dscod dssoace movement fro one chord to another: pogresso oveent fro dscord to concord: resolto 0 prned msc: sheet msc .usc colege: coservatore acadec study of musc mscology  stdy of non estern usc: ethomscology  syste o rhythcal ovements to musc: erhythmcs � s so ote te usc nstrunt  uscal nstruent using a vbrating coun of air: aerophoe wd strmet  vbrating othpece element n certan aerohones: reed 0 generc name for etal aerophones: brass  generc nae for wooden aerophones: woodwd  uscal insruent sing a vbrating strng: cordophoe strg strment  snglestringed uscal nstruent: moochord 0 scal instrment usng ptched wooden blocks: xylophoe  deeptoned xylophone ma rmba 0 uscal nstruent sing ptched etal bars: glockespel  keyboard nstruent claver 0 keyboard wth hamers strkng metal plates celesta celeste sall keyboard insren wth a so tone: cavchord 0 keyboard wth plucke strings: harpschord sal harpschord wth strngs set obquely to he keyboard: spet 0 electronc nstrument abe to produce any dferent

3

usl nstunt I us notto

  

types of pitched sound: synthesize .synthesizer imposing speech pat· terns onto musica sounds: vocod e .electronic  keyboard giving one note at  variable pitch: ondes martenot • electronic instrument whose pitch is c ontroed by the approach and withdrawa o  the peormer's had: .denoting a music a inthemin strument playable in ay key: ch ro• notes a particulr musica matic instent c a play: compass, ran ge .adjust a music al istruent to the desired pitch: tune • current stand· ard tuning for musical instruments: concer pitch • regulate the tone of a music a instrument: oi ce  musica instent whose pt is witten at a

diere pich om ha a which i

sounds:

tran spo si n g

inst ument

kid of harp played by the wid ae olian har • Irish ad Scotish rad iioal harp clarsach • musica isrume sreched ad squeezed bewee he hads accorion con cena • sriged ise wih droes ad melody keys hurgur siged isrume laid a ad plucked zither smal lue used i miiary bads e • smal orches al ue ccol  grad uaed sees  o sh  Ppe an es sn  d smal rc agul ul d ar m ree w   m uth org n srume harmnc  • sma eggshped eram? wd ume ocar a deog a bass srume havg ly he oes  of  see natural • deVce he hrmoc exedg a brass srumes rage

?

of ptc  piston, valve • instruments required for a piec e: i n strumentation .e ly f orm of oboe: shawm .early  orm of mbone sackbu t • eay form of   volin: viol .eary form of c elo: vio da gamba • eay form of  double bass violon e .medie val

bowed isume wih hree srigs rec • early orm o piao oe

piano .early orm of guitar: g itern

•

guitar with a round open·backe

soudbox anjo • guiar wih a pear ! shaped soudbox lute small Ha  waiia iar uulele • Russia gui  tar

with

a

triagar

alalaia lue-like isrume wi  paired stigs manolin  Greek

0

mandoln: ouzo uk i • location of the a stopping had on stringed I



: ;

iume osition • maker o sriged isrumes luthier  edieva woodwid srume ' with a c urved end: krum mhorn i • woode suppor or he srigs of a   violi-family isrume rige   uig pi for a violi-amily isru me eg • housig for his ego  ridge a he eck of a sriged i srume nut .aura maerial for instument strings: c ut

•

fger·

bard ridge rt deoig a srig  vbrag over �s wole egh oen • eog a srg vbrag over p of s legh ste •  hee of wood se behd sgs o crease he soud produced s un • hollow body o a sged sue soun o • mUa ses  ha are suck ercusson • pched   perUO orchesra of Ba ad J va resoag gamelan  . mouh·held  mea srP e s har  complee   P h·rage f a mUa srume gamut .ger echique i playig a isrume ngering device a erig oe ad volume mute • i srumea par esseia o e piece peormed oligato �  o um guit ue ecussion sc l • deoig a re· peaed musica ierva bewee wo pars consecute

�

mus i cal

notat ion

•

wrien ou

oao o a musica piece score se o ve parallel lies upo which music  is writ en stave, staf .sy·

bo a he sar of each save idica· ig he pich of he oes wrie o i cle

.symbol indicating the pitch



I



 and duration of a musica sound e  sign indicating sence of a ed duration es • score havng a separate stave for each part f sce • score having the parts combined onto a few staves sh sce • score showing fu voce parts and a reduced accompaniment vca sce • numbers on the stave ndicating rhythm ime sigae • sign diecting the foowing note to be sounded half a tone higher than usua shap • sign directing the folowng note to be sounded haf a tone ower than usua fa • ats or sharps indicating the key key siga e • sign indicating a musica em beishment ame • unmarked accidentals e to the performer: msica fica • short ine above or beow the stave ege lie • notation system indicating the ngerng ony: ablae uscn • distinguished musician maes vis .freeance musician dong casua work: sessis • street ma bske • street musician paying a barre organ: gagide • person snging soo parts of the liturgy ca, pece • church musicians empoyed by a monarch chape yal • director of a group of musicians cdc • short stick used by a conductor ba • gaery for musi cians l • group of musicians per forming together esembe • sma ensembe of musicians cs .accomanying group in baroque music ci .ensembe of three musicians i • ensemble of four musicians ae • ensembe of ve mu sicians i  .ensembe of si musicians: sexe • ensembe of seven musicians: sepe • ensembe of eight musicians: ce • brass or wind payer's correct mouth shape: embche Mus .Musim name for od Aah • Musim reigion: sam • em

usan  us

bem ofthis he Cesce • beievers in Isam he faihfl • the whoe Musm communit united by Isam mma • principa branches of Isam Shia, Si .Musim pace of worship: mse • mosque prayer eader imam .Musim who cas the faithful to prayer mezzi .Musm daily prayers saa • Musim profes sion of faith shahada .Musim reigious aw epert mi, ma h .Isamic coege madasa .Musim student of reigious aw and theoogy sa • group of Isamic schoars lema .Isamic aw code: shaia • traditiona portion of Isamic aw: Sa • ruing on Isamic aw: faa • Musim reigious festiva: Eid • Musim scriptures Ka • section of the Koran sa • Musim knowing the Koran by heart: hafiz • sayings of Muhammad not found in the Koran: Hadih, adii • Musim mystic devish, Sfi .Su's rhythmic re peated prayer dhik .Musm ascetic: faki • Musim hermit in North Africa maab • tomb of a Musim hoy man dagah • epected Musim ruer restoring reigion and justice: Mahdi • Musim reigious eader ayaah, imam mah shaif .Musim monthong fast: Ramada • Musim fast at the end of Ramadan Eid Fi, esse Baiam • Musim feast at the years end Geae Baiam • denoting meat prepared according to Musim food reations ha  Musim term for forbidden foods haam • Musim term for a nonMusim: kafi .Musim pgrimage to Mecca haj • Musim who has competed this haji • feast at the cumination of this Ei d  Ad ha • Mus im term for Jews and Christians: eple f he Bk • Muslim term for a Christian: Nazaie .Musim gesture of greeting saaam  Musim ruer hakim, shaif .supreme Mus im ruer caiph sa • sutan's

3

usss  h

wife sultana .Muslim eader amr, eyed iant Cyclos (pl Cycs or emir, han, sheih . descendant of Cycses or Cyces) • mythica woman gorgon Muhammad sharif .Muslim jude snakehaired • mythical patron of an art or science: cadi, haim • Musim ocal: nabob • Muslim princess or married woman muse • mythical abode of the dead Hades • mythical rier of foreful begum • Musim raditional doctor: haim • Musim womans veil yash- ness lethe • mythical watchdo of ma • Musim woman's overar Hades Cerberus • mythical ferry ment bura, chador • Muslim mans  man of the dead: Charon • denotn headdress: turban .Musim mans the mythical underworld chthonian, tasselled fet hat fe, tarbsh chthnic .mythical bird said to .Muslim mans lon coat jibba burn itself every 500 years and rise • Muslim secusion of women urdah aa from e ashes .womens quarters in a Muslim • mythical bird with a oatin nest house: harem, serai • youn woman halcyon • mythical horse with a sin in Muslm paradise houri .Muslim e central horn unicorn • mythical holy war: jihad • Isamic uerilla creature said to live in re: saaman mujahedin .Isamic fundamental der • mythica creature wth an ists nvoved in errorism Muslim eales head and ions body griffin Brotherhood • Muslim chrono • mythical creature with a lion's head, oical era Hegira  s so oats bod and snakeike ta chimosue mera • mythica manyheaded snake Hydra • mythica female sea mon usses • musses served in their shells with a white wine sauce ster Scylla • mythcal creature, half man and half horse centaur • myth moules marin!re creature, half man and half bu: ustr • mild dark mustard: ical Minotau .mythica creature, half French mustard .pale stron mus man and half oat satyr • mythica tard Engl ish mu stard creatue half woman and half sh: utton .le of mutton: gigot mermaid • mythica wined creature • cheap end of this scragend • mut with a womans head and lions body ton kebab shashli .lare piece of shin • mythical creature with a spiced mutton cooked on a spit: doner birds body and womans head: harpy ebab .mythica craftsman Daedalus .mythica iant: ogre • mythca Mycenen • beehiveshaped My cenaean tomb tholos .Mycenaen Norweian sea monster raen • cave dweller in Scandinavian myth scripts inear A i near B ooy troll • myhical Scandinavian ystcs • secret mystcal know dwarf Nibelung • palace for dead lede gnosis • teacher of mysticism heroes in Scandinavian mytholoy mystagogue Valhalla • wod ash tree in Scandi yt • combining fom mytho- navian mytholoy Yggdrasil • myth • corpus o myths: mythology, my- cal wid man of the forest green ma thos (pl. mythi), myth us (pl myth i) .mythical sml mn with pointed • rst mortal woman in reek myth ears and cap iie • make a myth o ooy Pandora • mythical cupbearer mythologie • study of myths of Zeus Ganymede  myhical one mythology

h

Nn n  djciv ungual .dead skin nst  combining fom mal ( at the base of a nail: cutcle  pece of madus)  very nasty obnoous torn skin beside a nail: agnal, hang-  dirty and unpleasant: squal  unna  inlammation near a nail: wht- pleasant but benecial: salutary low  small nail holding glass in pos- nton .combining fom ethno tion: srg .light thin nail with a ( ethncentc  djciv ethnc small head: anel n  small broad- .wealthy capitalist nations: rst headed nail tack  short broad- Worl  nations of the former Eastheaded pn: rawn g n  heavy nail ern European communist bloc Sec fastening a rail to its sleeper: ske on Worl  developing nations: .short metal pin with a beatenout Thr Worl  the poorest of these: end: rvet  Ushaped nail pointed at ourth Worl  emigrants from a both ends: stale  insert a na lush particular nation: asora  tranwith the surface: countersnk .se- scending national boundaries and cure a nail by driving the point side- interests: supranatonal ways: cnch ntonty  combining fom sh nked  combining fom gym no ( Engsh) . give nationality to a ( gmnshst) .run naked foreigner naturale through a public place: strek nte  native inhabitant: abor ne  combining foms onom gne autochthon .native country: nomn ( nmna) nym  fatherlan, motherlan  native of seudnm)  dciv onomastc Alaskan islands: Aleut  native  name derived from a forebear: patro- the American: Amercan Inan Amern nymc .having a name onymous an Re Inan  native of he cen havng no name: anonymous  per- tral Andes: Inca  native Australian son having the same name as another: Aborgnal Aborgne  native of namesake  having two names: bno northern Canada or Greenland Inut mal  system of names: nomenclat .native to a particular place: n ure .list of names: roll . shortened genous form of a name mnutve .wrong or nappropriate name: msnomer nt Aern • native American tent: teee, wgwam  native  false name: seuonym  socalled: Americans light ae tomahawk sosant .warriors pseudonym: .land set aside for native American nom e guerre  writers pseudonym: nom e lume  criminals settlement reservaton false name: alas  denoting a person nture  inrinsic nature of someafter whom something is named: thing: essence  that canno be eeonymous  eisting in name only: plained by natural laws: suernatnomnal ttular . study of personal ural names: onomastcs  study of place ne . combining fom omhalo names: toonymy  djciv ( mhasc) Nes . djciv Neaoltan umblcal

p

38

navgat on I negota tio

 .   .  .   . .�.. . :at. te. ; . projection �:   =. .   moving front of te . navigation bsed on computation of posiion from speed and direction of

travel: ea reckoning tion from landmarks: 

 air naviga

contact flight

navigation by th heavely bodis 

celestial

naigation showing

poiner

comass

 navigation

magneic

 repeated radio or

north:

radar

signal emitted as a navigational aid: sysem using  navigatio n beam these: Loran  electronic air naviga-

tion system: tacan . position relative to a ed point bearing .map for sea or air navigation: chart  loating navigation mark: buo  instrument for taking altitudes: setant  regu lay used sea or air route: lane  de viation from se course due to wind current etc: ri   lag of te Royal Navy: white ensign .lag of naval auiary ves sels: blue ensign . sips inolved in trade: merchant na  lag of te mercant navy: e ensign .naval  rebelion: mutin Nz  ocial tile: National Social ist .Nazi emblem: swastka  Nazi regional governor: Gauleite o Nazi marcing step: goose ste  Nazi mitia forming Hitlers body guard: Brownshis Storm roos Stumabteilung  Nazi secret police: Gestao .Nazi prison camp: con centation cam  Nazi justication for territorial epansion: Lebensraum azi policy of eastward e pansion: rang nach Ostn  un cation of Ausria and rmany acieved by Nazis: Anschluss .Nazi term for te German nation: errenolk .Nazi etermination of European Jews: inal solution olocaust r e . mbnng fm cis  cisin)

k

 

cerical jugula  back of te neck nae scru

neck Aam's ale  principal ar tery of te neck: caroti arter  swelling on te neck from tyroid dysfunction: goitre • fold of skin anging from a birds neck: wattle . fold of skin anging from te necks  of cattle: ewla  wide fabric strip worn round te neck: craat  square of clot worn round e neck: neckerche krf .large and brigtly coloured neckercief oen wit wite spots: bananna k  closetting necklace or neck band: choker   pressing need eigence ei genc .ting needed: esideratum pl dsdt)  as needed: a hoc • abity to produce  one needs: selsucienc autark  more tan needed suernumera work .ornamental needle work: emboier  ornamental needlework making patterns wit pieces of coloured clot: aliqu  blunt tick needle wit a large eye: bokin to  denoting a process of en quiry conducted by negation aohatic otto .negotiation between management and workforce represen tatives: collectie bargaining .nego tiation by a mediator travellng be tween te partie: shuttle ilomac  act as mediator in negotiations: con ciliate  denoting negotiation be ween two parties: bilateral  denot ing negotiation between three or more parties: multilateral  satutory interval for negotiation wen strikes are treatened: coolingo erio  area of possible compromise: mile groun  set of proposals tat must be accepted or rejectd en bloc ack

Nptun I nwspap

 age  agreement reached at the end of negotiations: conclusion etune  Gk nm Poseidon eptune's threepronged spear: trident   combinin om neur(o• djciv neural nere transmit ting signals fom the eye to the rain optic nere • nere transmitting sig nals from the ear to the rain: auditory nere • nere cell: neurone  nere cells and res: nerous sysem junction etween nere cells: synapse • network of neres: plexus nere complex: ganglion • nere complex at the foot of the stomach: solar plexus • undle of nere res enosed in the spine: spinal cord • rain and spinal cord: centa nerous system • denoting a nere stimulating a muscle or organ: motor electrical signal along a nere re: neve impulse  military gas dis rupting this: nere gas intense pain along a nere neualgia .pain from pressure on the spinl nere: sciatica disease causing progres sie deterioration of rain and spnal nere cells: multipl scleross pro gressie nere disease causing shak ing muscular rigidit and emaci ation: Parinson's disease nere disease causing jerky moements: chorea • nere disease causing par alysis: poliomyelitis • muscular weakness caused y nere damage or disease: paresis • tropica disease attacking the nerous system: sleeping sicness  nere stimulaion y elec tric current: electrotherapy • medi cne calming the neres: neine, neuroleptc  st dy of the nerous system and its disorders: neuology  iological sudy of the nerous sys tem neurobiology • surgical re moal of a nere: neuretomy nest • gannets nesting ground gannetry • grop of rooks nests: rooery

u

n  djciv retiform woman's hairnet: snood • Roman gladiaor armed with net: retiarius ntwok  wire or thread network: mesh  complex network: labyrinth, mae • network of lines etc crossing at right angles: grid point in a net work at which lines join or cross: node natonal electricity supply netork grd • network of lines on a map grid n . combininom neo  ojec tionaly new: newfangled • incorp orating the laest adances: stateoftheat e new thing: innoation noely new word: neologism  inexperienced newcomer: noice ns  exclusie pulication of a major news item: scoop  news item gien prominence to diert attention from another item spoiler  inter ruption of roadcasting with a rief report of a major eent: newsflash  roadcast news report: news bulletin, newscast person reading such a report: newscaster  news communication y photographs: photojournaism faourable ias on a news report: spin news agency sering a numer of pulications syndcate nwser • ocial newspaper: gaee • newspaper with large pages: broadsheet • newspaper with small pages: tablod • newspapers and journalists: the press • newspapers specializing in sensatonal or titillating material: gutter press, scandal sheets newspaper con trolled y a political party: organ  newspapers displayed title: masthead • newspaper adertisement pesented as editoial mateial adertorial  newspaper's treatment of a topic: coeag • item repoted y one newspaper only: exclusie • fac tual report of latest deelopments: hard news  news from an oerseas

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ng I non-ntn reporter ispatch . newspaper re rt o dscredabe acvtes: epos newspapers care research amed a exposng mapractces inestigatie journalism genera art ce on a topc: eature, so nes bacgrod arce on a person n the news: proile .newspaper annocement o a persons death: obitua compmentary menon n a newspaper pu mde pages o a newspaper: centreol centre sprea newspaper secon regary wrten by a named person column .news paper gossp com ia prncpa newspaper em lea tex or a newspaper em: cop tem n sered dng prinng: stop press entry at he head o an tem showng pace and dae o wrtng: ate line decide not to se an em: kill  s pe nesorth worh reportng government drectve forbddng pbcaton o ceran news  notice hgh smmer when there is a deah o seros news: sill season .per son n carge o a newspapers day contents eitor comn o comment wrtten by hm eitorial newspaper sta deang wh a partcar topc es newspaper departmen deang wth nanca news: organzaon sppyng cit es news sores nes agenc eeance photographer or jornast seng sensatona matera o the gtter press paparao (p aaai paymen o arge sms y represen atves o newspapers to gan exc sve rghts to sensaton maera chequeboo journalism  send arces to a newspaper contribute ile send newspaper text to the prnter: put to be nmber o copes o a newspaper sod circulation shop seng newspapers nesagent

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ih

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• mbiningforms noct nct

 ci nocturnal

.nght that s never competey dark hite night

• whe

nght passes: oenight .ngh bndness nctalopia

i

non(a).nnesded gre: nonagon .en. combining

form

sembe o nne mscans or msc or them nonet i person n hs or her nnees nonagenarian il ci mamila pgmented area arod a npp: areola enarged and rgd sae o a nppe:

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erectin ir

• ci nitrous

. cycc envronment nterconverton o ntogen nitrogen ccle

Nh .ci Noachian bili .emae member o the nobty peeress  mae member o the nobty peer • oregn noby noblesse . s o nobes peerage . te havng no ega vady courtes title • sma cown worn by a nobe person: coronet • denoing the jor branch o a nobe amy caet . preposton ormng part o a e

nobilia particle i od dscordan nose cacophon • chaotc nose hubbub panemonium racet tumut uproar • nose dstbng or harmng others: noise polluton nose contanng eqa proporons o many e qences hite noise rmbng o nesn gas: borbogmus .nosy and hard o conro: obstreperous ro noseredcng devce silenphenomenon casng pitchcer change in passng noes: oppler

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eect Ncri

• Noncoorms

pace o worshp chapel, tabernacle assocaon o noncoormst chrches: union person camng  beeve n d bt denyng he exsence o the Trny Unitarian -ierec governmen pocy o nonntererence: laissez-

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aire



l I t

-ic

.Hnd nd Bddst prncpe o nonvoence towrds  vng tngs hms .nonvoent resstnce s  orm o potca protest c soeence nonvoent resstnce s dvocted by Gndh n Ind: stgrh  bevor norm: conen person oowng estbsed ton norms conormst l beyond wt s norm

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reternturl h  ci orel

• nort c-

cordng to te ets xs true north nort ccordng to te compss mgnetc north . dstnce trveed northwrds northng nortern gts: uror ores Nrh Afa . ctde n  Nort cn town sh Nh Aic .arge ctte arm nch cowboys t ten gon ht deep rver gorge: cnon . open grssy pn: rre North Amercn term r te  nternd: ccountr schoo or nversty term semester secondyear gscoo or nversty stdent sohomore wd orse ronco woke wd dog: coote

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N

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• ci

Noegn . se net n Norwy: or • sweet brown Nowegn ceese: Gjetost . medev Norwegn wooden crc ste church . mytc Norwegn se monster ren

 . mbining form ns(o) rhno  hnasy • ci nsl rhn . ooked nose Romn nose • sagQt nose Grecn nose • pper bony prt o  nose rge • openng o te nose: nostr • bdp o mcs n te nose ctrrh • bockge o te nose by mcs: con geston . ns nmmton rhn ts • sk cvty connectng wt te ns cvtes: snus • ps wt te nose nue

il .ci nrl . dvson between te nostrs setum  • combining form   asex ua, n  annyus s  dshnes n  nfee, m  aad, un  unved ' . notes o varnt text redngs: rtus rtus crtcus crtcl rtus • note t te strt o  cpter etc_: henote .margn notes mrgnl . note t  pgeoot otnote • note t te end o  cpter etc: ennote . edng to  note lemm  eaa .mke  qck note: jot . note provsony encl n  . sstaned note: el e note e ont .cromtc seqence o notes sed n  ser pece: tone ro .set o notes to be perormed by  prtcar nstrmentst or snger rt . embesment o  note ornment . sde rom one note to noter: glssno ortmento stepwse arrngement o sccessve notes n  msc system: grop o notes sonde toscle geter chor . grop o cent notes sonded togeter note cluster tone custer .drton and empss o  grop o sccessve notes: rhthm notes  patcar voce or nstrment cn sng or py: rnge egt o  note tch twopronged met ork strck to gve  note o speced ptc: tunng or . denotng notes vng derent names bt te same ptc enhr monc . owest sond tt cn be eard wtn  not unment .ger sond erd wtn  note: hrmonc oertone rt .movement rom one note to noter: ro gresso . cnge n  note ptc as ts sorce psses by: oer eect

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muscl notton  .notebook contanng  �  o

person coecton o memorbe pssages commonce oo pper

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not  nula n

or electronic notebook for business and social engagements etc persona organe  looseleaf notebook Flofax™ note .fail or refuse to notice overook  accidental failure t notice oversight .done catiously to avoid notice steath noun  djciv nomina .noun that cn form a plural count noun  noun denoting something which cannot be counted mass noun  denoting a noun used for an indivdual person place etc poper  denoting a noun used for a class of objects common  denoting a noun namng a material object concrete  denoting a noun naming an idea qualit etc abstract .vrbal non gerun noe  novel depcting real persons or events but with changed names roman a cef  novel depicting its hero's eay lfe Bungsroman  family novel usually dealing with svral generations romanf1euve  novel presented as a series of letters epistoar novl  horror novel with a medieval setting gothc nove  short light novel novelette  novel louting literary conventions antinovel  etended short story novea  novels storyline pot  principal character in a novel protagonist  scene revertng to an earlier dramatic time fashback  s o fic ton, sor nuer tor  nuclear reactor producing mor nuclear fuel than it consumes breeer  breeder reactor not using a moderato fast beeer  nuclear reactor convertng ferile ito ssile material converer  denotng a ractor in selfsustainng reaction citica  minimum ssile material needed for a nuclear reaction ctica mss .conversion of matter to energy n a nuclear reaction annihaton  central part of a nuclear re actor coe  denoting nucle that can

 be split in a reactor fissie, fssion abe .denoting nuclei that can be made ssile fertie  denotng nuclear reacions occurrng only at very high temperatures thermonucear .magnesiumbased claddng for nuclear uel magnox .substance retarding neutrons moeato ! neutronabsorbing rod used to vary a reactor's output contro rod .enrch a reactor with a particular isotope spke  water used as a moder• ladlined ator  heav wter container for nuclear waste fask  denoting highly radioactive nuclear waste hgheve .overheating and destruction of the core meltown  meltdown that contnues through the core and into the earth China snrome .close down and decontaminate a wornout nuclear reactor ecommission  nuclear won nur weapon n which the eplosion is caused by a chain reacton atom bomb, fission bomb  nuclear weapon n which the eploson is caused by a sngle hghtemperature reaction fusion bomb, hrogen bomb, hermonucear bomb .nuclear weapon designed to destroy life but not buildings neutron bomb .denoting a nuclear weapon producng little fallout clean  denong a nuclear weapon producing much fallout rt . denoting a nuclear weapon of low eplosive force lowe .denoting nonnclear waponry conventonal  bal of hot gas generated by a nuclear eplosion firebal  atmospheric radoactive partices le by a nuclear explosion faout  cold and darkness ollowing the eplosion of many nuclear warheads nucea wnter .possession of nu clear weaponr imagined to frighten aggessors eterrent  magind protecton gained by alliance with a nuclear powr nucear umbea

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 nuclear capacy beyond ha requrd for universa desrucon ri  srenghen agans nucear a ack han  sage i a war when

nucear weapons mgh be employed nucar thrshl .nuclear aack inended o desoy he enemys nu cear arsena irst stri , p rm pti sti .reaaoy nuclear aack scn stri .pon on he earh's surce direcy above or beow an ex plodng nucear bob g run r nuceus  posvey charged par icle  an aom's nuceus prtn .negavey charged paricle in an aom's nucleus nutrn  negavey chaged pace orbing an aom's nucleus ctrn  reacion causng he splng f a nuceus fissin .reacon causing he fusion of several nuce usin  force involved n he decay of nuclei wa rc nudty  ful exposure of he fron of he body urnta nuity .socal nudy naturism nuism nuer  civ numrica . number idcang uaniy carina numr  number ndcang posiion in a seuence rina numr  posve whoe number natura numr .umber greer han any counable number ininity  number ha can be expressed as a whoenumber rao ratina numr  number whou fracons whl numr, ntgr  number consising of an ineger and a proper fracon mi numr  ineger divisble oy by isel and 1 prim numbr .number no so imed cmpsit numr  number o be added o an oher summan  .number showing he resu of addon sum  umber om whch anoher s o be subraced minun . number o be subraced from anoher sutahn  number showg he resu of sub racon irnc .number o be muplied wih anoher mutiplican

ncls  nub

 number

mupyng an algebrac variable cicint  number showing he resu of muplcaon puct  number whose produc wh anoher saed number s uny rciprca  produc of mulplying a number by iself pwr  produc of a number muped once by sef squar  produc of a number mu ped wice by ise cu  number ha when mulplied o a ceran power gves a saed produc rt, raica  number o be divded iin  number by which dvson is made iisr  number by whch anoher s exacy divisible actr  number showng he resu of dv ison qutint  number e over in division rmainr  number or symbol on whch a numeraon scale is bsed as, rai  numeraon scae based on 2: inary systm  nu meraion scale based on 3 trnary systm  umeraion scale ased on 8: cta systm . numeraon scale based on 10: cima systm  numeraon scae based on 1 2  ucima systm  numeraon scale based on 16 hacima systm  number o whch a ogahm beongs antigarithm .numeric noaion beginng 1, 2, 3: Araic numras noaion  numerc begnnng i ii, iii Rman numrals  number progresson in a xed rao gmtric prgrssin  number progresson by a xed sum arithmtic rgrssin  numerca proporion expressng he reave sze of wo popuaons rati  denoing a num er correc o he neares 10 or 100 ec run  denoing a number repeaed indeniely rcurring .gure, symbo, ec denong a number numra  consisng of numbers and eers aphanumric . xed or per mied number quta  number alocaed o an ndividua o validae hs eecronc ransacons prsna

nuber plate I nymph identificaton number person collecting locomotive numbers as a hobby trainspotter  study of nmbers' occult signicance: numerology number pl ae • dealers' temporary number plate for nlicensed motor ve hicles trade plates nun • beginner nn: novice, oblate, postulant nun abbess, • chief moter superor  nun mostly concernd with manual work lay sster • take monastic vows: be professed • nun's cap coif  nun's covering for the head and  neck: wmple  nun's room: cell • denoting a nu wearing no shoes: discalcd • community o nuns, or its buildings: convent, nunnery • school run by nuns: covent, onvent scool • society of nuns under a particular rule: order claustra • djecte nunnery • small nunnery: priory • nunnery room for conversation: parour nunnery dining hall: refctory

nurse visiting patients' nure homes: dstrct nurse nurse visit

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ing homes to give advice eat vsitor nurse assisting women in labour: midwfe • nurse in charge of others: nursing offcer, matron, sister, ward manager

nurery • day nursery for preschool children: crce • nurse car ing for a baby wihot breaseeding it: drynurse  nurse caring for a baby and breaseeding it wetnurse nuci nut' . combnng foms  ts so intrior: kernel • large seed of the tropical palm: coconut nuteating: nucvorous

nut screwed down on another: locknut  nut with projections for the ngers to turn: wing nu .at ring nder a nut: waser

nut2

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nylon  unit of neness for nylon yarn denier nymph • mountain nymph: oread freshwater nymph: naiad sea nymph: nereid • tree nymph: amadryad  wood nymph: dryad, hama dryad

0 ot .oath (formey) taken by trainee doctors Hippcatic ath • evidence given under oath dps itin • written statement made under oath affidavit • solicitor entited to administer oaths Cmmissin f aths ,obedence • demanding obedience pmpty • stubborny disobedi ent facty • person refusing obediece cusant objecton • open to objection xcptinabl ojecte • compromise between wo mutuay incompatibe objectives tadff obton .faiure to fu an obigation dfault obseton • cose and constant observation suvilanc .judges observation made in passing bit dictum . derived from observation rather than ogic mpiical obsoescece • not pone to oso escence futupf octe beow . combining fom cnta (_ cntabass) odds • denoting odds that reect a hi probaiity sht • denoting odds that reect a remote proaiity lng off .dee's offa umbls .fow's oa gibts • aima ungs as oa lights offe • oer to perform a specied job at a specied price tnd • be he rst to whom something wi be oered hav fist fusal offce • combining fom ship ( ambassash) • curent oce

hoder incumbnt, ccupant .for ma inauguation of ofce inductn, nstallatin • period of hoding ofce tnu • ending a term of ofce utging offce  ariste's oce chams .judge's oce for private hearings chambs • roing reaocation of ofce accommodation htdsking, htsating .oce workers' hadaches and respiratory prob ems, thought to be caused by poor ventiation sick building syndm offc .chief ocia pincpa .enior administrative ofcia cif xcutiv • power ocia mandain • caree ocia in a arge bureaucracy appaatchik • ocia in the state bureaucracy civil svant • ofcia who cas meetings cnvn • ocia impementing the decisions of others xcutiv • ocia ensur ing that rues are kept f, umpi • state ocia based aroad to assist his compatriots cnsul • ocia representing a state abroad diplmat . ofcia controing the o ege of Arms Eal Mashal • ofcia overseeing state ceremonia and grants of arms hald .ofcia auditing oca authority accouns distict au dit • court or municipa ofcia making pubic announcements ci • ocia appointed to manage the affairs of bankrupts cv • ofcia eamining bus tickets inspct • chuch ocia eading po cessions etc vg • church ofcia in charge of vestments etc sacistan fomer paish ocia carrying out minor punishments etc badl • coa mine safety ofcia dputy

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ofical I l wll

 ofia

inetigating oplaint again publi authoritie Ombuds-

man, alamentay Cmmissiner fr Adm in sratn  ofial inquir-

ing into he aue of a peron' eath: crner ofial onutng an eletion returnng ffcer ofial uperiing the running of oe publi eent steward .peron anaging a hool' or olege nane busa oial in harg of hou goernent oial inhuntsman peing port: custms ffcer oia onroling a opan' in etent fund manage enior UK la oer: Dectr f ublc rsecutns opan ofial enuring he legalit of tranation cm unierit pliance ffcer ereonial aebearer beadle oque ofial aling the faiful t praer: muen . ofial uperiing ho plae on probation prbatin fficer ofial reponible for reor registra ofial in harge of ourt or ounil reor cler oial in harge of a raila aion stanmaster ofial ontrolling a rier or port cnservancy . Roan oial interpreing oen augur, haruspex . ofia anaging a roal houehol chamofial in harge of roal belain ereonial Lrd Geat Chambelain .hereitar ofial offering to ght for te onarh' right to the throne Champn f England oial up preing publihe aterial hel to be obene or harful to tae eurit cens area tax oial nspecr f axes our ofial ering ri et baff, pstaff .enoting an ofial appoine bu not e in hi po enoing an odegnae, elec ial reeiin no pa nay .e noting a reire oial ees . appointent of oial in rotation rahr han aoring o erit Bugi ns' tu b irtue of one' of

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ial tau ex ffc tart an of ial ob: tae ffce ue of one' oial poition for peronal gan jbbery . elaborate etablihent ih an ofial: bureaucracy . t ling effet of exeie bureaura oal periion or red tape approal cleaance ofial bn embar  oial orer: edict of ial orer haing the fore of la de cree peron exeriing poer ih ou haing an ofe: minence

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grse osr  offpring of a at, rabbi, or ferret itten  oprng of a og pup, whelp  offpring of a fox bear, or lion: cub  offpring of a an cygnet  group of anial prou at a brth ltter  alet eber of a litter: run  enoting offpring e penent on their paren for oe tie after birth: altrcial .enoing offpring able to fe theele oon after birh: preccial  sping

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 h nims s h pppi ny

o

. cmbining m

le . jc

leaginus . oi uitable for ot engine mltigrade  ieel oi for roa ehile derv . loerpetal oi ue in entaing aa .oi itille fro plan et ssenal l  araental oi: chrsm, unguent  rub ith araental oi anint iv

.eetente tropial etial oi ylangyang . laer of oi loating on ater: slc eie oeting thi smmr . oi tore at he en of a pieline terminal o we .rt ueful el in a ne oilel discvey well . el neeng no pup gusher .ru ture aboe an oi el plafm, g fraeor holing the ril derric eabe teel frae upporting a rig jace peron ireting the riling on  oil rig t pushe o rig la bourer: usabu .aooa tion hip for offhore rig taff flatel

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47

nen  pnn

nn

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. lp-oinent isae pain-leving oinent: liniment skin ointment: am asam sae

ka  okra in Indian cuisine: hini   combiningform ahae  ahaegy, aae  aae bany

 ag  combining form gent

• ci

genay

genti . eldey and m: e eit  shrivelled wth old age iz ene  dark skin patches in the aged: entig senie mauatin • time of

le when fertlity and sexua drives decline imatei menta and physica decay characteristic of od age: inmit senesene seniit . progressve menta decay of the eld ey: senie ementia lzheime isease period of senile decay: t person in this ·stae: ta age  medca and socia care of old people: geiatis place providng daytime soca upervision for the el ey a ent person in hs six tes: seagenaian person n his seventies setagenaian person in his eghies tgenaian person in his nineties: nnagenaian per sn a hndred or more years old entenaian study of old age: gentog �  o seni itizen -fashn  attractvely old fashoned: quaint  wan adjectve: anie

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v l  enoting ol of the nest quaity: eta igin • denoting oil of

 next best quaity: virgn



• open omelette contain-

ing chopped vegetables:

Sanish m-

eee n combiningform mn()  nane uni  niaea • the ony one of its kind: uniue . done by one pary only: uniatea n an a haf  combining form sesui  sesqenenay

nn

• sml onion planted instead

set pnng • opening of the nose: ns ti . opening for liquids or gases to escape ent pn spac • open space aong the sea ont in a seaside town: esan ae omenae • open space in ont of a buding: ut nuse pa . opera sung roughout: gan oea • opera comprised of seprate musc items: nume ea • opera wth spoken diogue: eea • wordbook of an opera: i • running anslation of an opera dspayed above the stage: su tites .fous female opera singer: ia • person teaching opera singers their music titeu  person sta ging an opera: ue  general manager of an opera house: intenant of seed:

 conteporary

chber

opera:

musi  theat pan • operation to iprove one's appearance: smeti suge

• operation

to remove an appendix

aenetm

aenietm

. operation to create an aternative blood vessel: ass  operation to remove a breast: mastetm  oper ation to remove a breast tuour: umetom . operation to replace an organ: tansant operaton to remove the ovaries: hetm  operation to asfe tssue: ga  chd delvery by cutting the wl of the womb: aesaan setion  medicaton gen before an oper ation: meiatin hospital room for operations: theate denot ing a condition that caot be oper ated upon: inee

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pnn . generly accepted opin ion: ie e�ue  es ees • considered opOn: sen thughts stanint • ask opnons:



opum I organ

• •    • • • • • • • •  • • • • • • • •  •   •  • • • • • • • • • •  • • • • •  •      • •  •  • • • • • •  • u                                                                         

canvass

• assesset of publi opi avassig a represetative pinin p • perso o

io b saple utig or aalsig opiio polls pst .ass eetig to express publi opiio dmnstratin, ray .hol a otrar opiio dissnt perso with opiios ivergig fro the geeral osesus nncnfmist refusal to osier the opiios of others aag mnta ity, tun n vi sin perso ajustig his opiios to the oo of the tie timm i tolert of others' opiios nawmindd, ptty, smamindd .writ te stateet of oe's opiios a itetios psitin pap .perso airig otetious opiios to pro voe ebate dvi's advcat e sige to avae a partiuar poit of view tndnius opiu djecive piat oum erive rug piat opiulie opoud piid opiuerive aitive paiiers hin, m

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phin oonent

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• eterie oppoet of

hage et dihad

• combining forms ooste cnta, cuntr  cunteact) • opposite sie of the wor antip ds • wor havig the opposite sese antnym • havig the opposite eet to that esired cunt pductv • assert the opposite of cntadct ooson • oviolet oppos itio passiv sistanc otn  opiia testg ees, presribig, a aig up presriptios phthamic ptician optiia aig up presripios dis

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pnsing ptician or • oral exaiatio of a appliat intviw • oal exaiatio of aaei aiate vva orne • i of orage havig reish lesh bd ang • sall

is of orage mandain, tangin . loosesie tagerie satsuma white spog tissue isie a orage si pith

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oresr . large orhestra sym phny chsta • sall orhestra chamb chsta, si nfnia, si nfn tta • perussio orhestra of Java a ali gaman • substatial piee of orhestral usi symphny

• substatial piee for a soloist a or hesra cnct • orhestra's rst violiist ad, cnctmas • or hestra plaers' usi sta dsk . pla several istrues i a or hestra dub see so nsmb

�

orbt

 orbit that eeps a satellite xed over a terrestrial poit gstatinar bit point i a orit fur thest fro the earth, oo, su ap g, apun, aphn poit i a orbi losest to the earth, oo su, objet orbited pig, piun, pi hin, priapsis p eiases) .star et roud whih a satellite orbits primay

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order  order for supples rquisitin • order for a regularl repeated suppl standng d . orer for wor to be uertae cmmissin

• orer for a perso to atte a ourt summns, subpna, pcss • orer set fro a higher to a lowr

ourt mandamus .out orer re quirig a ertai atio to be per fored or avoie wit, injunctin ae to orer bspk

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ordnry • oriar partiipats ank and fi • reletg the wishes or tastes of oriar people ppuist orn'  sa orga whose pipes are ativate b pis attahed to a re volvig lier ba gan foot blow ree orga hamnium . abiet for a orga's eboars an stops cns abet housig the expressive setio sw bx hief orga eboar gat

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ophan  Ood Unvsty

1

                                                                                                                                         

nlay . wood ilay decoratig fri tre marquetry . th cord decoratig pholstery: ppng .orametal strip of wood or stoe muldng • orametal cetrepiece for a diig table epergne .lowershaped oramet: feuron • hi lie of cream or icig decoratig food: ppng .pael lig oramet lnenfld • orametal plat pot jardnre • orametal spport for a rail baluster orametatio imitatig plated straps: strapwrk • akle oramet: anklet • oramet wor rod the pper arm: armlet • rigid orametal bad wor rod the wrist or akle: bangle, braceet • orametal chai wor rod the wrist or arm: bracelet • small oramet wor to give magical proectio amulet • three lobed orametal desig trefl • forlobed orametal desig quatrefl  s so archtecture orn • perso protectig a orphas iterests guardan ostr . djciv struthus oter . combin ing fom heter( eg heesexa) xen eg xen ga) • amog other people nter als .amog other thigs: nter ala otter . male otter: dg otters lair hlt, ldge out • combining foms e, ec eg ecsasy e 'andng u f neel, ex way ot egress, ex

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 come o from somewhere or some

thig emanate, emerge . force ot extrude outin .otig to a specied destiatio mystery tur outne • otlie represetatio schema outsde  combining fom ecteg ecasm), ex eg exske en) extra eg exacea) .origiatig otside exgenus



phr • djiv aran . ovary cell div   idig to form a ovm: • ovary cavity for the ovm • tbe takig a ovm from the duct  ilammatio of a phrits, arts • srgical moal of the ovaries: arectmy, artmy oer • combining foms hyper eg1 hyenym) super eg sesc-j e seegan), supra samndane) sur eg schage) oeroe • that caot be overcome: nsurmuntable oeretn . complsive overeatig: bulma • bots of overeatig followed by selfidced vomitig ad fastig bul mi a nersa oer • arrage avoidig over laps: stagger ou . combining fom - .developmet of a ovm: geness . ferted ovm zygte .tbe takig a ovm from the ovary: duct • discharge ova from the ovary ulate own • all th� moey ad property owed by a perso estate owner • djiv roretary _ re cord of previos owership prenance • perso sig or holdig goods bt ot owig hem: baee Oxford Unerst . djciv nan • Oxford iversity aal feas Encaena • Oxford versiy formal dress subfusc • part of the term whe dergradates are expected to be residet ful term .atm term at Oxrd chaelmas term .witer term at Oxrd Hary term • smmer term at Oxford Trnty term • Oxford classics degree Greats, terae Humanres .mem  ber of a iversity spors team: blue .member of the Oxford police bulldg • Oxrd ad C  or

• combining

fom



 bridge iversiies cosidered o geher Oxidge • Oxford college eamiaio or progress repr cllectin  al iversiy exami aios a Oxford chl . Oxford college aal feas gaudy • Oxford college servat cut • Oxfrd col lege b for food ad accommdaio ael coe withi he college gate ssped a sdet uticate oye • combining fom xy • oxyge mxre givi a very ho

oxyge  ozoe aye

ame xyacetylene lack of oxy ge anxia • erich with oxyge xygenate • combie chemicay with oxyge xidie exercises de siged o icrease he bodys oxyge ake aeic coos cyclic iercoverio of oxyge xygen cycle ooe yer • hi area i he ozoe layer ne hle • refrigera ad aeroso gas harmfl o the ozoe layer chlucan

Pp



cke our  tour ompany em ployee aompanying lients: curier  tour ompany employee statione in a resort to assist its lients: repre entative ckn  seal pacaging ro wi te air as been remove vacuu pack  enoting paaging e signe to sow  its ontents ave been mee wit tapeevident  paing seets ontaining small air bubbles bubble wrap  so otton or wool abri use in paing wadding  so woo savings use n paing d wl  igligte tet on paaging flah d  absorbent pa wab e  blan page at te start or end o a boo flyleaf  rigtan page o an open boo: ect . lean page o an open boo ver  etralarge page ole in to onorm wit te rest gatefd  piee o paper wit a page printe on ea sie fli leaf  set oleaves ole insie ea otr: ignature uie  stiting troug te ba ol o a signature addle titch  arrangement o material on a page: layut  layout mae rom e isting elements: pateup  enoting a boo wit worn pages: dgeare  turn over pages asually leaf thg .ount a boos pages: pa gnae in  cmbnng fms ag, aga  suen sarp pain twinge  pain lt aay rom its real soure referre pain  painul state evaporating wit ontnue eort: pain baie  se vere abominal pain ause by wind or intestinal obsrution: clic  pain in te lower ba lbag  pan o

te ba ip an outer lg: ciatica  est pain elt ue to la o bloo in te eart: angina angina pectri  stressrelate bowel pain: irritable bwel yndre • pains in ilrns limbs grwing pain  pain in te ear ause by anges in pressure uring air travel batiti iney pain nephralgia  musle pain: yalgia  painul ontration o a musle: crap  painul stiness in te ne or ba crick  pain tat soots along a nerve: neuralgia  pain rom pressure on te spinal nerve ciatica  pan in te sie elt wile running titch  painul swelling on te big toe oint bunin  srining movement ause by pain or its epetation flinch wince  seual pleasure eri" e rom nlit ing pain alglagnia  esigne to minimie pain huane  rug tat eases pain analgeic  ainrelieving ointent linient rubbing te boy to ase pain aage  person sille at tis: aeur fe masseuse)  liqui painer rubbe into te sn ebcatin  rug tat prevents pain being elt: anaethetic  inability to eel pain anaetheia  instrument measurng pain dlriete . ree rom pain cfrtabe n  gluebase paint or walls: dtepe  paint ute wit water watercu elin, .paint ilut wit eggwite tepea  oilbase paint il in o paint wit a sligt seen: egghel  in o paint wit a ig seen g  paint or bare suraes pie  tin oat o waterbase



 paint wash  denoting paint that is not competey dry tay .iquid with which pigments are mixed to make aints mdum  oi used in mixing paints turpntn  syn thetic resin used in paints and adhe sives oyurthan  iquid giving a cear shiny surface when dry varnsh  soution for painting was white whitwash  compressedair device providing a ne spray of paint airbrush  stone for grinding pgments mur .paint ceaner or removr made from soap and soda sugar soap  portae urner giving a hot ame for removing paint bowamp  painted surfaces pantwork  coverng for surces not to e painted masking

 c paintry ne  painter's oard for ming coours patt  painters stick steadying the rush hand maustik nn .painting made onto a wa mura  pinting on wet pastr frso  painting on dry paster so  thin ayer of diuted paint wash  gypsum for painting gsso .paintng on two hinged panes diptyh  painting on three hnged panes triptyh .painting on severa hinged panes poyptyh  sma ease paintng abint pitur .vey sma painting miniatur  circuar painting tondo   painting set behind an atar atarp  Japnese scro painting amono .Tietan eigios scro paintig tanka  kind of astract painting made by random tipping of paint ono the canvas aton ainting  execution of a painting fatur  minor gures in a painting staffag  rprsnation of ight and shade in a painting hiarosuro .juxtapos ition of different coours in a painting ontrast  painting intended to give a deceptive threedimensiona view tromp 'o .painting in shades

pater I pam

of a singe coour monohrom .painting in shades of grey grisai .painting with thickened waterco ours gouah  very sma ut detaied painting minatur .appi cation of thick ayers of paint mpasto  painting with tiny dots of coour pointism stipp  paint ing of domestic scenes gnr ainting  painting of inanimae ojects st if  painting's prepared sur face ground  preiminary design for a painting artoon  make d tae aterations to a painting rtouh  cear resin appied to protect the surface of a painting vanish  sma cracks on an od painting's surface raquur  reappearance of traces of earier painting ntimnto .prepared surface for paint ing ground .wooden frame over which canvas is ed for painting strthr  geatinous soution ap pied to a canvas si  wooden frame supprting a painting asl  stick seadying a paintrs hand maustk r  par of pistos or game irds bra .asting reationship etween two person or animas pa bond Pksn  type of Pakistani food that is cooked in a deep twohanded pan bati  deep twohanded pan used to cook ati dishes arahi ce  c paatal e  c paatn  bony front part of the paate hard aat  eshy rear part so paat e  unheathiy pae pasty Pesnn . Paestinian oppos ition to Israei occupation of the West Bank ntfada . fundamentaist Pa estinian ieration movement Hamas  .pam's compound eaf frond .arge seed of the tropica pam oonut .pam e used for makng



palsty  paalyss hats etc afa . edible starch ob tined o certain pas sago

st . line indicating length of life lifel ne ncke • thin pancake crpe • pancake of grated poatoes galee • aed dessert pancake crpe Susee  ces Susee) .Rus sian pancake blini nces • aation of te pancreas pancreatitis • surgical re oval of the pancreas pancreatectom ntoe . leading ale role, usualy played by a young woan principal bo .leading feale role, usualy played by a young woan princpal girl ederly feale panto ie chaacter, usualy played by a n dame

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e • thick drawing paper cartridge paper • song brown envelope paper Manila • wed paper for cookery greasproof pape .very thin book paper India paper .poor paper used for newspapers newsprint • crinky paper for decorations crpe paper . sa twistedup piece of paper screw • thin strip of paper spill  aasive pape sandpape

• sheet of thin paper foldable to ake

its own envelope air ee, aero gramme . sal printed sheet of paper leaet sal piece of paper slip single thickness of paper in a book leaf .ont side of a sheet of paper ecto reverse side of a sheet of ape erso rol of pape for continuous printin web denoting paper with a nely ribbed surface laid .denoting paper with a sooth sface woe denoting paper dis coloued by brown sos foxed type of gass used o ake paper esparto, esparto grass . so ass of pulp bres for paperaking . aker's embe in a sheet of paper watermar .uality of paper used

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for top copies bond uality of paper used for crbon copies etc ban .paper and glue  harden ing when dry papier mch board ade o glued layers of pper pasteboad . Japanese art of pape folding origami appratus cutting a block of paper guillotne . device inserting sheets of paper into a a chine paper feed race folowng a trai of tonup pape paperchase

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cute  cod openin a paa chute ripcord • cord ed to the ar cr to open a prachute static line

• expanding prt of a prachute that arests and diects its oveent canop • ropes ha hold and control a prachute's canopy shrouds • ra

chute used to decelerate a landing ai cr drogue .prachutig i of supplies airdrop, paradrop para chute glidng o a height paraglid-

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ing,

parapente,

parascending

• parachute sport of being pued by a fast boat parasailing, parascending • spot of being dropped b y parachute

before

siing or waterskiing parasiing . troops traine in para chuting paratroops

• pralelis drawn be

es

tween two things analog . uadri lateral with two sets of pralel sides rhombus . uadriateral with one set of parael sides trapeium

ss . combining/om pegia

• paralysis

fro the neck down quadriplegia , tetraplegia pralysis fro the waist down parapegia pralysis of one side of he body syetrical paralysis hemiplegia on both sides of the body dipegia .pralysis of a single lib or area monoplegia paralysis of l fou libs quadriplegia, tetrapegia sudden tepory pralysis cataprtial pralysis paesis plex fectious disease causing pralysis

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poliomlitis

- ·



paast  paamnt

rs • parase living ouside is hos: ectopaasite • parasie liv ng inside is hos: endopaaste

• parase

living upon anoher parasie: hypepaaste parasic la orm: fue bloodsucking parasie: eech presnce of parasies in he blood paasitaemia creaure on or in hich a parasie lives host organsm ransmiing a parase from one hos o anoher: vecto sudy of parasies: paastoogy

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rdn • general pardon: amnesty nt • sae paymen made o parens: chd beneft • person bringng up children ihou a parner singe paent  having parenal responsibiliy in oco paentis • parenal responsibiliy of divorcees: ustody

• child

ihou

living

parens:

ophan Ps • underground railay in Paris: metro • pleasure boa on he Seine a Paris: bteau mouche rs • djci paocha .se

nior lay person in an ecclesiasical parish: chuchwaden .churchar den's assisan: sdes man parish merrymaking held a or near he paronal feas: feast, waes  s s

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Chuch of Engand kn . park alongside a vehicle ha sands a he side of he road: doubepar .machine selling park ing me pang mete railay saion oering pleniful parking:

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paway Pknsns dss

 naural

compound used o rea his: dopa

mn

• sovereign's

speech oulining proposed legislaion for a parliamenary session: Queens r secion of parliaKng's Speech men conducing is on meeings: room here his mees: house anechamber o his: chambe obby eiher house of paiamen as

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referred o in debae by a member of he oher house anothe pac name of cerain counres parliamen det . loer house of he Assembe French parliamen upper house of he Natonae French parliamen: Sat loer house of he German parliamen: Bundestag upper house of he Ger man parliamen Bundesat .head of he German and usrian parliamens chanceo parliamen in Grnse erse and Alderney: Iranian parliamen: Majs States Oieahtas parliamen: Irish upper house of his: Senad .loer house o his: Da Manx parliamen: ynwad . loer house of his: ouse of Keys Noregian parliamen: Stotng loer house of he Russian parliamn: Duma US parliamen: Congess upper house of his: Senate .loer house of his: deno ouse of Rpesentatives ing a parliamen in hich no pary has an overall majoriy: hung .denoing a parliamen having a single legislave chamber: unicamea denoing a parliamen having o legislaive chambers: bcamea .de noing a parliamen having hree legislaive chambers: tcamea documen laid before parliamen by he governmen Command Pape barrisers drafing parliamenary bills: Paamentay Counse draf la submied for parliamenary discussion: b person nroducng a bill: sponso proposed change o a bill: amendment sage in he pro gress of a bill hrough parliamen: eadng iniial parliamenary presenaion of a bill: ntoducton , fist eading second presenaion, seeking general approval: secon d eadin g hird sage of a bills progress, hen i is considered in deail by a selec group of MPs committee stage group from eiher house examning

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parat  patc a bi i ai: committee  c chaiman's rpr  h hus: epo stage  ba  his rpr: thi aing . amnn  a bi a is hir raing: ie  aying acics in ba: iuste, ostuctionsm talking out  mmi psd  sp ba: gulotine  x   aw as apprv y paria mn: act .passing  an ac by par iam: enactment  aiy rcr  paranary prcings: ouna  pariamnary v: son  pac r his: son o  ivisin whr mmbrs may v as hy wsh ee ote  pary ircin  mmbrs n ving: hp • his cuch n h ms ug rms: thne hp  v r h mn: aye  v agains i: no  prsn cuning ivisin vs: tee  b rung  warn ha a ivisin is mminn: iision e .mak aws: egsate  by ing his: egisatue .havin pwr  gs  a pics: omncompetent  ning gisain cming in rc ss pariamn vs again : negatie  pic  gisain acing a r ms ciizns: puic act  pc  gsain acg a cmpay r viua pate act .pracc  siing run a spakr appring n visin: oughnuttng • mmbrs  a hus  paramn iw cciy: chame  mmr  pariam having n gvrnmn c: piate meme . mmbr  paia ms muniy m prscui r rmarks m in ba paliamenta piilege  pariamnay pary nx in siz  ha in pwr: the Oppostion  pay ci spnsib r aiamnary mmbrs a nac an iscipin: hip  mny v annuay by priamn  h rya amiy: Cii ist .para mnay awanc r h svrigns priva xpnss pi puse  sa

256 ing in h chamr r pary ars: ont ench . scur h adjun mn  h hus whn inqura: count out  parimnary hiay: ecess  pri uing which pariamn m rguary: sesson  icnin a pariamnary sssin poogue . rsu a pariamnar sssin: ecal  ismssa  parmn: issolution  Crwn cumn nsiing a paiamary cin: it . cnary  h rus r cusms  pariamn: unpaiamenta � s o cainet eate ouse o Commons ouse o os meetng rrot  jeive pittacine . arg parr: maca  sma grn parr: paakeet  pnumniaik sas caugh by umans rm prrs: psittacosis rt  principa par: staple .s  pars r assmby: kit  s  pars rmig a cmpx wh: system  inrain  cmpnn pars: topoog  cmps  smiar pars: homogeneous  cmps  issmiar pars: heteogeneous . having w pars: ia ipaite oue ua upe .haing hr pars: tena tipatte tple .hav ing ur as: quaipatite quau ple . having v pars: quntuple .having six pars: sepaite, setuple  sparain in cnsiun pars: esouton  arrangmn  cnsun pas: stuctue  k par: paicipate rt  combining form emi e ei) sem e seicnscius) su e subtica) rtt  chs  paricipa opt in .numbr pariciping in an vn: tunout rt  psivy charg par ic in an ams nucus: poton .chargss paric in an ams nu cus: neuton  sma chargss paric: neutno  prn r nu

 tron nucen . negatvey charge partce orbtng an atoms nuceus: eectn partce representng a quantum of ght phtn  hghy energze partce traveng through space: csmi c ay  assume partce carryng a fractona eectrc charge: quak  assume onemensona partce sting  assume partce havng short fe but great energy: vitua patice  bnng partce: mesn . arge meson: pimesn, pin  arge nstabe eectron mun  proten partce beeve to cause ma cow sease pin .subatomc partce havng the same mass ut op poste eectrca propertes to a name partce antipaticle .toa number of protons an neurons n a nuceus mass nume .evce ovng par tces at hgh spees: acceeat  acceerator for straghine pa tces: inea acceleat .tempera ture at whch parce movement wou be mna: asute e  stuy of subatomc partces micphsics  mathematca e scrpton of partces moton an nteracton: quantum mechanics rtner  nactve busness partner: seeping patne rty  evenng party sie  pary at a new home: husewaming . party at whch foo s gre an consume ot of oors aecue  party for women ony hen paty  pay for men ony: stag pay  wy centous party gy  atten a party unnvte gatecash  s o pitical paty ss  catch up wth an pas vetake sson  passonate appea ci de cu (pl cis de cu)  jciv pascha ssoer  Passover ceremones an feast Sede  Passover brea mat  Jews name for Passover Pesach

patn  pasty

ssort  enorsement on a pass port: visa st  eang wth the past: etspective  wsfu ongng for the past: nstagia  nterpretaton of the past n terms of the presen: pesentism  n a stye typca of some past era: peid st  pasta shape ke buttery wngs faale .earshape pasta: ecchiette  pasta enveopes avii  rbbonshape pasta fettucine . pata n narrow rbbons: tagiatee . pasta n sma rceke grans:   sma pasta rngs sffe wth cheese or vegetabes tteini  sheet pasta: asagne  spra shape pasta: fusii  pasta n ong strngs spaghetti .pasta n short thn strps inguine .pasta n ong thn strps ndes  pasta n ong sener threas vemicelli  pasta n narrow tubes macani .pasta n arge tubes manictti  pasta n short we tubes penne  pasta n short ute tubes: igatni  kn of wheat use for pasta duum  Iaan pasta sauces gnese, canaa mainaa, naplitana pest ste  paste of amons sgar an eggs maipan  goose ver paste: pt de fie g as  mazeor paste plenta  seasone paste of ney mnce meat or sh pt  coarse paste of pork an ver: pt e campagne  thck paste of sugar an water: fndant stry  so ght pastry chux pasty .ght aky pastry: puff pasty  pastry roe nto thn eaves i pasty  pastry wth a hgh pro porton of fat: sht pasty  pastry enveope puff  pastry enveope e wth seasone meat an veget abes: pasty  ths wth meat an po tato Cnish pasty  sweet pastry encosng chocoate pain au chclat  sweet pastry e wh currants Ecces cake  puff pastry e wth



ath I ant jam and cream: mefeue .so pastry nger ed wih cream: eca open pasy case wih g: a . an wh a savoury egg-hickened ig: quce . crecentshaped pas try rol: cossa denotig food cooked  a pastry case: e cue fat used for makig pasy: soe place where pasies e sold: g passee

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 haing

ch

bck and white paches peba haig paches of white and of some oher co (not lack): sewba

h



 broad public pah long he

seaside: espaae promeade path alongside a cl: owpa  couny pah for walker and horseriders: bepa beway couny pah siposted to show nat  feures: atue  raised pah oer land liable to oodig: raised pah use by auseway modes  a fashion show: aa pzg network of pahs etc: mae

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hoogc conon

mbnng form sm _ alcoholis)

n .patient stayig in hospil oernight: pae . hospial pa tient not stayg oerigh: ay pa e oupae patient recoerig om ess or eaent: coes ce denotig a patient whose con dition is not deterioratig: sbe iolig patients: cca bed ridden patient's recepace for ie and feces: bepa .reco of a pa tents preious esses, treaents, etc_: case sory

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

rn



 area of growing crops at

tened to form a patern: cop cce . rigid sheet contag a cutout pat tern: sec shad piece used as pattern for a cuing process em pae . patern of dereny col od sqs ceque

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a

s

 brief pause i a ct or

pliamentary session: ajourme .pause for holidays i a cot ses ion:  vacao pause for holidays i a pliamentay session: cess .pause i he midde of a ie of erse aesu



vng

 paig wih rregu at

stones: cay pavg . paing with rounded stones: cobbes

yn

 sigle complete pay men ump sum . money sen as payment emace . xed nnual payment auy .forced pament: exaco payment demanded om a defeated adersary: emty p ao additional payment: sup icrease he alue of a peme payment upae extra payment for good peormance: bous payment made before due date: avace .ad ance payment for a serie of benets subscpo . su paid o he auhor fo each copy sold: royay iital payment made to a barrister: ee subsequent payment made to a brister i a long case: fse payment calcuated on distance a eed: meage payment calcuated on he number o persons sered: pao fee payment at early ter miation of conact: seveace pay payment of someones liing ex pense: maeace payment for aelig etc exnses icred on duy: Ubssece aowce ii  hire pchase payment: ow payment made in kind: payme uck  payment made to redundant executie: goe asae goe pacute .one of a series of pay ments: same . make a sigle payment istead of a series: commute diorced person's payent o former suse: maeace payment made y he state to a certa cat egory of neey persons: bee en ants pament: e union payment to sg members: srke pay

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 

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





 payen

fr wrk dne: emuneato, wage, alay  payent fr extra wrk: ovetme  payent ade fr services n cially charged fr honoaum  dening a payent ade withut any adissin f bligatin: ex gaa  arrangeen t pay fr gds n delivery  purchaser ah on delvey  writen rder fr payen: da dcuent acknwledging payent: eep  ake persistent deands fr payen: dun  day n which uarterly payents bece due uate day  event at which each participant pays fr hise: Duth teat  denting deductins etc taken fr a payent bfre it is ade: at oue  partial return f payent ade: ebate  cplee return  payent ade: fund  dne withut payen: honoay, volun tary e large pe f pea marowfat pea  pea eaten with its pd: mangetout efow . djeive pavonne feale peafwl: peahen ale peafwl: peao enut  paste of grud rasted peanus: peanut butte er  alchlic drink ade fr pearjuice: pey er  pear f the highest uality: oent  peal fred by deliberate seeding: ultued pea edestrn  safe area fr pedes trians beween trac lanes: land, efuge • pedestrian crssings cn trlled by trafc lights: pelan ong, puffn ong  ashing yel lw glbe at either end f a pedesrian crssing: Belha beaon  pedes trian tunnel depa, ubway eer  peer wh seld atends he Huse f Lrds: bawoodman  peer with a heritable tile: heed

pea  peso

tay pee 5 peer wih a nnheritable title: fe pee e  headless cylindrical peg: dowel Pekn  currently preferred ransliteratin Bejng en  pen ade fr a feather: u  pen wih an ink reservir r cartridge: fountan pen  urescen arker pen: hgh g hter  pens wriing end: nb enty  surrender as a penaly foet enc  pencil tha can write n shiny surfaces: hnagaph  clured pencil rayon  crayn f pwdered piges: patel  penguin breedg enun grund: ooey ens  djeive penle an erect penis r a representain f ne phallu (pl h)  phallus as a Hindu sybl f Shiva: lngam • erectile tissue in he penis: opu avenoum (pl c cens) opu pongoum (pl c sngs)  penis bne in cerain aals: baulum, o pen  runded end f the penis: gan  skin hd cvering this: foren, pepue  enarged and rigid state f the penis: eeton  havg an erect penis: thyph all   abiliy  achieve an erecin poteny • persistent and painfu erectin papm  sebaceus secretin under he fresk: megma  ral stiulatin f the penis fellato  cver fr the penis during sexual ac tivity ondom, heath  surgery  cnstruc repai r enlarge a penis: phalloplaty  surgical reva f he penis: penetomy enson  dentg a pensin nanced by the beneciary ontbutoy • regular cntributins funding such a pensin: uperannuaton  deoting a pensin slely nanced



peope I peorace by he beneciary: prnal .deno ing a pension ransferrable o e beneciarys subsequen employers denoing a pension prtabl scheme hose paens are made ou of curren conribuions unundd person receiving a pension or lodgings in reurn for prayers for he donor's sou badman

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eoe  people consanly on e move: nmad  he common people canaill, hi plli, rabb, rifraff

 inended for or done by he common people: ppular  make accessible o ordinary people ppuari  re-

presening or concerned ih he ineress of ordinary people: ppuit

eer  red see pepper: imnt, pimint .husked pepper berries: whit pppr  hole unripe pepper berris black pppr ercusson  gourd lled ih beans or sones: maraca  small pieces of ood clicked by he ngers: musical insrumen catant using piched ooden blocks xl phn deeponed xylophone ma musical insrumen using rimba piched meal bars glcknpil piched percussion orchesra of Bal and Java: gamlan



 



 popular bu inaccur-

erceto ae

or

oversimplied percepion alleged abiliy o pertrtyp ceive oher han ih he normal senses xtranr prcptin . quick o noice hings: brvant acking in percepion imprcptiv, impossible o perimprcipint ceive: imprcptib

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ercusso

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

nstruets

 piched se of bells or meal ubes

chim . musical insrumen using piched ooden blocks xylphn  deponed xylophon marimba  concave brass plae cmbal  meal disk ih a urned rim: gng

 musical

insrumen using piched meal bars glcknpil .small pieces of ood clicked ogeher by gourd Spanish dancers catant ed ih beans or sones maraca percussion orchesra of Java an Bali: gman  s  drum

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eornce . preparaion of maerial o be perfomed rharal

 performance of maerial no previously prepared imprviatin, ght rading  performance shoing ex-

cepional skil: tur d rc (pl us de ce) . rs erformnce irt night, pning, prmir .performance before e ocial rs nigh: pr viw single performance or e persons aending i: hu single prformance a a pariclr venue nnight tand coninuous series of performances run, an .performance repeaed a a series of venues: tur roaing performances of a number of orks: rprtr . shor performance conribued o a lrger programme tun perform ance given he he audience ea and dink: cabart .variey sho feauring glamorous young omen fli shor or minor piece performed before he main ork curtainrair ordess hearical performance mim .cosumed saic group represening a scene from a play ec tablau .visually sriking performance: pctacl denoing a hearical performance given surounded by spctors in th rund . perform ance of a programme of music by a solois or chamber group rcital . live performance by pop musicians gig number of pop pieces performed as a sequence t .im prompu performance by pop musiin cians jam am, prformance hose pros re given o a named person chri ec performance given a e bnfit sovereigs reques cmmand pr

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 

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1

po  psuad

fomance  specia pefomance gala  sodot pefomance: full  aenoon pefomance: house matinee  faewe pefomance swansong  encosed aea fo a cics pefomance: ing  sceney and

popeties fo a damatic pefom ance set .seies of venes at which a pefomance takes pace: cicuit semiocia o avantgade pefomances finge theate infoma pe fomances given in a pbic pace: steet theate peson aanging pefomances: agent, impesaio peson nancing pefomances: angel, backe, pomote .denoting a pefomance given befoe a adience: lve nevosness befoe o ding a pefomance stage fight .foma assessment of an empoyees pefomance appaisa 

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

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 chief pefome: lead  biiant pefome: vituoso  skif pefome exponent  peson pefomig in the steet buske  gop of pefomes woking egay ogethe: ensemble, toupe  pefomes pofessiona name stage name  items known by a pefome: epetoie, epetoy  st

ormr

pbic appeaance of a pefome

debut ro . xed peiod: tem . citica peiod: climacteic  tedios peiod: logueu  immediatey peceding peiod unup, contdown  immediatey foowing peiod seuel  peiod when a spot is not payed close season  peiod of a ing famiys domnance: dynasty .thing ot of its time: anachonism

 imagined intsion of one age into

anothe time wap

 pemission to be abschoo: exeat  absence

rmsson

sent fom withot pemission Fench leae eccesiastica pemission to pbish a book: impimatu ocia pem is

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

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sion: cleaance, sanction pemis sion to se copyight etc_ mateia ewitten pemon fo lease medica teatment ogan donoship etc fond on ied peson: advance

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diective rmt

 ocia

pemit: licence . cstoms pemit fo the tempoay impot of a moto vehice: canet stateganted monopoy ove the expoitation of an nventio patent hode of this: patentee pemit the xistence of somethig disap poved of condone toleate

 



rscuton

 vindictive campaign

diected against a gop by those pejdiced against them: witchhunt peson foced by pesection to eave his homeand efugee

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rsst  gim pesistence: dogged ness, peseveance Prs .peIsamic eigion of ancient Pesa: Zooastianism rson  cmbnng fm: ot  Cyit) nik  beatn) ste 

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yungste) aecting a specic pe· son ony: in pesonam . fo a patica peson: ad hominem .pe peson pe caput, pe capita

 pesonaity eement:  inheited pesonaity  envionmeta inences on pesonaity nutue .d and dependabe: stolid  sbject to npedictabe mood changes: mecuial  igaied patte of maada-

rsonty stain, tait taits: natue

tive behavio pesonality disode .pesonaity disode with exteme antisocia behavio: ioathy

rsct

 pespective

system

sing thee axes 120 apat isometic system point in a pespective system at which eceding paae ines seem to mege vanishing point



rsu

 easiy pesaded: pliant

 pesade by attey cajole, inveigle

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e potogap . sysematic persuasion: brainwash ing • refusal to e persuae bstinacy, bduracy Peru . riginal inhabitants of Peru Incas . their supreme ruer: Inca • Spanish conqueror of Peru: cnuistadr ero . cmbnng fm ptr• jeie petro use in inceniary bombs: napalm .enoting petro ihou ae ea unladd co ouress hyrocarbon in petro ctan • natura iqui from which petro is istie: ptrlum • estabishment seing petro to motorists flling statin, ptrl statin, srvic tatn • crue bomb mae by ing a botte ith petro Mltv ccktail eroeu . coouess voatie i ui ise from petroeum: whit spirit .money earnt by exports of petoeum: ptrdllars us . cv priapic Psne • go of the ancient Phi istines agn • gigantic Phiistine arior: Gliath osoy • phioophical prin cipe: tnt • core of universay vali phiosophical maxims: philsphia prnnis • persoa phiosophy of ife wrd viw, Wltanschauung . meieval West ern philosophica an theoogical sys tem: schlasticism • phiosophica proceure of questioning in pretene ignorance Scratic iry .suppose utimate cause of a vents: First Caus . philosophy of aw: jurispru dnc . expanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve: tllgy • theory hat fee  oes not exist: dtrminism .theory that mora truhs exist inepenently of any knoege of them: bjctivism . theory that concepts of knoege an moraiy are shape b the soci ety in hich they are foun: rlativ ism • theory that an action must be

right  it benets most peope: • theory tha a utilitarianism knoege is erive from sense experience mpiricism, phnmn• theory that knolege alism cannot be prove objectively subjctiism • theory that knoege is val iate by reason rather than experi ence ratinalism • theory oubting the possibility of reiabe knoege: scpticism .theory that the sef is a tha can be knon to exis: slipsism theory enying the uality of min an boy: mnism heory that a vali statements can be sub jecte to rationa proof: psitivism, lgical psitivism .theory that a phenomena have natural causes: naturalism  theory that natural pro cesses have a purpose finaism .the ory that practical utiity specuations ony justication instrumntalism, pragmatism • the ory that universals have objective ex istence: ralism • theory that univer sals xis oy as menta concpts: cncptualism, idalism .heory that universals have no rea existence: immatrialism, nminalism .theory enying the real existence of any thing: nihilism .phiosophical sys tem centre on human freeom an experience: existent ialism,

ism

• phiosophical

human-

stuy of

concepts such as time and identity: metaphysics . phiosophical study of the nature of knowledge: pist-

mlgy . Kant's absoute mora obi gatin: catg rical im prativ  expected superman of Nietzschean

phiosophy  brmnsch osorus • djcv phric, phsphrus oocoe • poer use in photocopiers: tnr .eary photograph oor using a svere pate .publicity photograph of actors in a f scene: stll • magazine item of

3 photogrphs with linkng text: photoessa .news ommunition by photogrphs: photojounalsm  photogrph tken through  miro sope: mcogaph, photomcogaph  photogrph with two semi supermposed supermposed imges giing  '3-D ef fet anaglph  photogrphi imge with lights and shdes reersed negatve  photogrphi print mde by diret ppliton of the negtie contact pnt .photogrph printed to  lrger size blowup enlagement .printed monohrome photo halftone  photogrph grph printed for projetion: slde, tanspaenc, diapostve .mirophoto grph no lrger thn  fullpoint: mcodot  lt sheet of lm ontin ing mirophotogrphs: mcofche  denoting  photogrph reording  tul eents: documeta .denoting  photogrph tken without the sub ets knowledge: candd  denoting  potogrph tke ginst te ligt contejou  deie mesuring the light ilbe for photogphy: exposue ete, lght mete .denoting n undeeloped imge: latent  mke exposed lm show  isibe imge: develop .room for deeloping photo grphs: dakoom  oloured light for drkroom use: safelght  lrity of detil shown by  photogrph: esoluton .looking good when photo grphed photogenc  session for publiity photgrphs: photocall, photo oppotunt rse  djcv phasal .key phrse motto, watchwod  stok phrse tag  phrse whose ening is not deduible from those of its om ponent wods dom . expressio expression n of  whole phrse s  single word: holophass  symbol stnding for  phre: logogam, logogaph

ysic comb nng fom o m  combnng hsco ( hysicchemica)

pas  pctu

yscs .physis of biologi phe nomen: bophsics  physis of the erth nd its struture geophscs  eletron physis: electoncs .physis of het nd other forms of  low energy: themodnamcs temperture physis: cogencs  exertion of fore: wok  re in whih  fore is effetie: feld  dis rete mount of energy et quantum (p quanta)  het requred for hnge of stte but not of temper ture latent heat . subtomi unit of of mtter: patcle . tion of tomi nd subtomi prtiles upon eh other nteacton .dependene of rous physil phenomen on the motion of the obserer nd the thing obsered elatvt  single theory for Ubtomi prtile intertions: gand unfed theo  theory  ounting for two or more of the four intertions: unfed feld theo .theory tht rndom phenomen re in ft ruleound chaos theo  hypotesized fourdimensionl fu sion of spe nd time spactme  imgined distortion of speme enbling stronuts to breh the lws of physis space wap no  pino with horizontl strngs: gand pano  pino with erti strings: upght .mehn il pino: plaepano, panola™  pino with moded tunings et for performing  prtiulr piee: pepaed pano  denoting  pino with rossing strings overstrung  d si lening  pino string dampe  pin by whih  pino strng is tuned: west pn  mehnism lowing the hmmer to return: escapement  pinoplyer: panst  rt of pino plying pan sm icke .mustrd egetble pikl pccalll .spiy mixed pikle chutne ctre .pture in  book: llustaton, plate  piture of  person

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tu  a

ortrat  artists picture of hmse from the observer acgroun or herse selortrat wa por • bright area of a picture hghlght trait poster nu • sm picture • position taken by the living subject set iside a larger one nset  pic  of a picture ose • representtion of

ture etc that can be printed onto an other surface by heat pressure trans e picture of Death leading a to the grave an ce o eath an se ma care picture venerated in the Eastern Church con set of 14 pic tures depicting Christs journey to Calvary Staton Staton s o the Cross pic ture of an indoors scene nteror pictre of an outdoors scene eter o picture portraying everyday life gene scene picture of rural life astoral picture of the sea seascae picture of arranged ob jects stl stl l le le satrical satrical picture picture  car mental picture cature cartoon mage picture obtained by a cam era, telescope, mirror etc mage picture made by attaching items to the canvas collage outlie picture slhouee picture made of sma pieces of coloured stone or glass mo mo-sac such a piece tessera p tssra)  denoting a detailed and ob ective picture hotorealst clarity of a picture enton ocus delib erate slight blurring of an image so cus range of tones in a picture contast picture of a face built up om standard elements ent picture of someones face composed from photographs of others hotot  this but up on a computer screen eot manipulation of a digited image mae rocessng gradual change of an mage y computered techniques mohng laser generated threedimensional image hologram  picture in the the tones tones of one colour only monohrome sim plied picture used to represnt a word in certain ancient writing sys tems glh ctogh part of a picture nearer the observer ore o f a picture picture furth further er groun  part of

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a word by pictures o obects whose names make its syllables reus picture mount ma rnamental woodn strip for picture hooks c ture   trim trim a pictures pictures edges

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cro p • pie thrown in slapstick comedy custar e  sma pie ast att

• pastry folded round a sweet ling tunoer • small open pastry case

olauent p • piece le over emaner remnant p • excessive piety etsm ci orcne • female pig pg . ci sow • male pig oa • castrated male pig hog • young female pig glt  ge brth to piglets g arrow  piglets born at a birth ler, arrow • smaest piglet in a litter runt • pig raised for food ore • pigs gunt ees as pig food food on  uit of forest ees mast • waste food mixed with water as pig food swll  meat of a pig or with a savoury ling

• skin of a pork joint roasted until crisp caclng • crisp pieces of pork fat sctchngs  pig intestines intestines used as food chelngs • lo of chopped pork oal haslet • pigs feet used as food troers • pig fat used i cook ing lar  place where pigs live g

st gge pgo • young unledged pigeon sua • pigeon carryig written messages carre geon • pigeon

able to nd its way home from great distances homer homng geon pm dark body pigment mel

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ann p • pll dissolving in the mouth lozenge pils outer cover casule com bin n ing form or m sl • rect p • combi angular engaged pilar laster  up right stone erected in prehistoric

pga I pant

of: supesede supplant .lst of places: gaettee  fee' of a pace: genius loci  n ts place in situ  mae change paces: tanspse place besde juxtapose place on top of: supeimpse wor made rsm . lterary wor from quotatons of other authors: cento ue  swellng symptomatc of bubonc pague: bubo n  Arctc plan: tunda  plan n Russa: steppe  plan n South Afrca: veldt  grassy plan n warm countres: savannah nson .(sgn showng) note(s) to be sung to a syabe: neume  scale used n plansng: tone n .desgn pan bluepint .se cret pan intigue plot  crafty pan: gambt ploy, statagem  mae crafty plans: scheme  contngency pan failsafe, fallback  tmed pan fr a seres f nts: timetable  de taed stratey for sportng or bus ness success: game plan carelly planned sequence of actons or eents: set piece  outlne plan of a wor of cton: scenaio  planned ultmate fallbac: pis all  denotng long term plannng stategic  denotng shorterm plannng: tactical  plan in adance: pemeditate  frustrate someones ntentons: thwa net  tny panet: planetesimal .arge owdensty panet: gas giant  panet orbtng the sun majo plane primay planet  panets etc orbtng the sun: sola system  de notng a panet orbtng coser to the sun than the earth does: infeio  de otng a panet orbtng furher from the sun than the earth does supeio  sde of a panet nearest ts prmary star: days ide  sde of a panet away from ts rmay star nightside  bght spot on a pant: facua  natura or artca object orbtng a

 panet satellite  caty on the sur face of a planet: cate  study of fe orms on other planets: exobiology nnn detaled pannng of a compex operaton logistics .plan ng ethd that ealuats a compex set of alernates: citical pah analysis comb nng foms: o ms: phyto, n  combnng phyte eg sahyte) .pants of a regon or perod: floa  smple aqua tc pant: alga  simpl pat growng on stone and trees: lichen .pante organsm parastc upon ng or de cayng matter: fungus  pant lng for one year only: annual  plant l ng for two years only: biennial  pant ng for three or more years: peenna .pant owerng or crop png more than once a year: emontant  plant growng n or on water: hydophyte  pant storng water n ts eaes or stem succulent  plant ng on decayed matter sapphyte .plant growing n damp condtons: hygophyte  plant growng n dry condtons: xeophyte . pant grow grow ng on another plant: epphyte  pant growng nsde another: endophyte  pant growing along the ground or clngng to ertcal sup ports: vine  plant growng on roc: lithophyte  buse plant shub  young plant rased fom a seed: seedfrom a plant fo for ling . pece cut from propagaton: cutting  shot serted nto another plant: ga  pant shoot for grafng: scion  sdeshoot comng up from the roots of a plant: sucke  offsprng of plants of dffer ent speces: cossbeed, hybid  plant hang green eaes all year: evegeen .denotg a pant osng ts eaes ach autumn: deciduous  denotng a pant dyng dwn to the ground after owering: hebaces  denotng a pant nate t a regon: endemic  denotng a plant abe to e outdoors  year: hady  denot

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past surgry  pasur

vny tc

 tn and narro trp of pla lat  overay  platc

lamnate o m st surery  combnng fom platy platc urgery on te ear tplaty  platc urgery on te noe rhnplaty plac urgery on te pen phallpaty  ucng aay of ece fat lpucn te  plate trengtenng a bea or jon fh  bea or plae dtrb utng egt onto a all tempate tr  all platfor pdum, platfor or n a roo trum  lo platf da  narro platfor for faon odel catwalk, runway  platfor platfor for an eecuton caffld  platfor for electon pece hutng  dplay platfor on a lorr flat py  play n general dama play t a appy endng cmedy play t t  gr gr  uour black cm play edy  play t a ad endng trantended to to caue laug gedy  play ntended ter cmedy  broadly coc play farc  ort coc play keth, kt

 ort ort play play preented preented to open an enertanent cutanraer play atrng a partcular ocal group alan trad cmedy f manner  alan tonal coedy t toc caracter cmmeda dellate enatonal or orrc play Grand Gugnl meldrama tory play ctume drama play t ngng and dan cng muca pera  play play on play natvty Ct brt edeval play portrayng cene fro te lfe of Crt or te ant mace play mytey play edeval play featurng eaturng peroncaon of teologcal concept maty pay  17tcentury 17tcentury ucal play play maue play for one actor mndrama play for to actor whander pay ntended to be read rater tan acted clet drama, cet play tet of a play c  pt prncpal ecton of a play act ubordnate ec

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ton of a play cene addre to te audence at te tart of a play praudence at lgue  addre to te audence te end of a play eplgue play' torylne plt turn (a tory nto a play dramate crucal oent n a pla catatrphe contrved reoluton of t, a by dvne nterventon deu x machna tartlng oen n a play cup de thtre ( cus de tte) prncpal caracter n a pla prtagnt econdary rol of a prt youn oan upeforance nrucon bette prnted n a crpt tag drectn peron o rte play dramatt, art of playrtng paywrght d ram ramatu atu rgy peron ntructng te actor n a play dectr peron reponble for a play tagng tage manage lgtng, ound, or cenry ued n a play effect otae ound a part of te perforance and properte properte ne ff  cenery and ued n a play me en cne uc copoed for a play cre

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 ee alo a lo

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drama

ese  eager to pleae cmplaant  ecevely eager to pleae erve  denotng pleaant appearance and anner penable esure  pleaurelovng hednlfe o f pleaure la dl ce vta tc  a lfe

 pleaure

ganed fro te conte platon of oter' fortune pleaure derved Schadnfreude fro te ufferng of oter man ual plaure derved hlday fro nlctng pan algagna eual pleaure derved fro urt ng oter adm eual pleaure derved fro urtng oneelf machm  etcal teory tat pleaure  te get good hdnm peron devoted to enual pleaure

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debauchee, epcuean, ybate, vuptuary  ntnctve pycolocal drve to ee pleaure pleaure pncpe  rc an perung a lfe of

poc  potcs

Actc  continen aound the South Pole: Antactca oce  aea polce foce: cntabulay  polce goup assigned a specal ask: uad  police goup wth high obility: fyng uad .plce depatent dealng with politcal secuiy: Specia Banch  polce detacent sen to seze speced pesons: natch uad  peson ained o act as a policean in an eegency: pecal cntabe  ebe of a selfapponed cizen goup policng ts locality: vigante policeans shot thck sck: tunche  polce patol ca: uad ca  police van fo tanspoing pison es: Back aia  police coodin aion oce fo investgaion of a ajo cie: ncdent m  police kt fo assebling a lkeness of a wanted peson: identikit, phtfit  docuen authoizing specied police acvy: waant  supise hostile polie visit ad  polcean tun of duty: watch  polceans egula patol: beat  egua assignent of a policean o a acula beat: cmmunty pcing  polce job conolling tafc: pnt duty .lowest police ank: cntabe  fce in chage of a constabulay: chef cntable  ofce i chage of the Metopoltan Police: chef cmmiine  intenational police oganizaton: ntep ocy .declaed policy: pam ptn  aspect of his: plank .publshed polcy stateent: manfet  policy of acial segegaton: clu ba .policy of passve esstance: atyagaha  state policy of havng no dealngs with its negh bous: latnm  evesal of pol icy: abutface, vlteface Utun s .polshing achne: buffe  sheen n plihed funtue: patna otc rty .politcal pays declaed policy: paty lne patfm

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 aspect of this: pank  paty spokes peson putng a favouable gloss pon events: pin dct  splinte goup wthn a political paty: factn caucu  nltation o a polical pay entysm  paty uppo based  on epay epay wth s leade: leade: pen pen aim, ai m, pena ty ty cut  sy pathze with a pays ais: few tavele  publicaion contolled by

a poltcal pay: gan  (of a consuency political assocaion) choose as candidate fo an electon: adpt  (of a constituency poltical associ aton) ejec a pevious peviously ly adopted adop ted canddate: deeect  poltican belonging to no pay: ndependent .ove to a ival political goup: defect  poltical oppostion in a nepay state: diidence

otcn  espected poliical leade: tateman  expeienced poltcian: ede tat tateman eman .poitcian anipulatng hs audiences eo in: demaggue  pliician belonging to no paty: ndependent  denoting a olticans staeent concodant wh hs pays poson: nmeage  denotng a cafty and unscupulous poltican: achiavelian otcs .politcs as inluenced by geogaphcal facos: geptic  global balance of political powe: wd de  political agenda diven by pactcal needs athe than oal pncple: eapltk .polcal caltion fo a specc pupose: fnt  poliical acton aed a inceasing powe o inluence: pwe ptc  poltical polcy stateent: man fet  pesstent dissenation of politcal popaganda va the edia: agtpp  ake poltcaly awae o actve: ptce  poltical syste allowng uch pesonal feedo: pen cety  poltical syste wth uch state contol of econoic and socal life: tatm  syste of polit



potcs  pope

icl power-sharng or coexistence: pluaim  discarded political sys tem: ancien gime olitical dom ance hegemon source of polit inluence: powe bae icl  ternational acceptance of a state or its government recognition  pol iticl control of dependent countries: coloniaim theory that one polit ical event causes similar ones else where: dom ino theo control of a state by large nterest groups: corporatim  political opposition in a one party state diidence  political itiative: dmache resistance to political change: immobilim  advo cate of major politicl change: adical  politician claiming t o represent the nterests of ordnary people populit politica enthusiast: acit, Young Tuk group of political activists: cadre  person with moderate polit icl views: centit person favour g socilism: leit person with extreme or subversive political views: Bolheik, maimalit adical ad vocate of violence to obtan political objectives: militant  use of violence or intimidation to achieve politicl aims terroim advocate of mili tary pressure to obtan nternational political objectives militait per son advocatng state or popular own ership of means of production colperson demandng the lectiit return of orr national territories: iedentit  advocate of political in dependece nationalist  advocate of impractical policies: impoibilit  dishonest means of gaining political advantage: ga dishonest use of politicl power jobber, leaze  abandonment of one's former polit ic beliefs: aptas move to a rivl politicl group deect whole sale oustg from power of disliked elements purge epession re move from the political sphere depoliticize  he masses havng no polit-

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ical awaeness lumpenpoletaiat  renunciation of politicl terests in an area: diengagement not co cerned with politics apolitical

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o

 pubc

poll on some issue o current concern: plebicite, eeendm  ocer who counts the votes cast n a poll: cutineer ocer ad ministering a poll and announcng its result retuning oice

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on  index of airborne pollen pollen count  study of ancient pol len grans: palnolog oton  pollutng subsance pollutant oo polo stick: hamme session of play: chukka or  enzyme forming poly mers polmeae Ponn • Polynesian gaand lei ond • shallow upland pond lled by dew: dew pond oo • pool-player's stic: cue oor . poor person paupe . make poor: impoeih o • ectve papal, pontiical

• polite

form of address to a pope: Your Holi ne  pope's triple crown tiaa .pope's short hooded cape pope's woollen shoulder moea pope' letter to vestment pallium the Church: encclical bie, bull  pope's decision on a question of canon law: decetal pope's decision on a question of doctrne recript . pope's personl edict: motu proprio l mtu is) pope's special permission indult  popes freedom from doctrnal error papal inallibilit pope's ambassador: nuncio nuncio sent to a nonCaolic coun try ponuncio pope's representa tive: legate  Iegate wth fu powers: legate  atere  pope's admnisa tive sta Curia pope's guard wi guard pope's ofce or tenure

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poputon  posta sevce  it papac • papal curt Hl See • dy electing the ppe Cllege f Cadinals eeting  this cnclave • treaty etween the pope and a secuar state cncdat • adcate  supree papal authrity  ues tins  ath and dicipine ultamn• luntary dnatin y tanist Ran Cathlics t papa unds Petes pence • combnn om: utn dem( ppulatin cunt census  uantitaie data n changing ppu latin leels vital statistics • study  ppulatin statistics demgaph • surplus ppulatin vespill • ppulatin ipreent y cn trled reeding eugenics rn prcelain ade with e ash bne china • denting ery delicate prcelain eggshell • aus type  edieal Chinese prcelain Ming run • prcupines sharp hl lw ristle quill rk  tugh uter skin n a int  prk ind • prk rind ade crisp y rasting cackling rnr • denting explicit prngraphy had, hadce de nting inexplicit prngraphy s, sce idy prngraphic talk r puicatins smut rrd • thin prridge guel rt' • prt pen t  traders fee pt • cials cntrling a prt cnsevanc rt  denoting a port kept or only a ew years in cask and then ned ub denting a prt kept lnger than usua in the cask latebttled • denting prt lended r seeral intages tawn rtrt • sal prtrait came • hallength prtrait kitcat • grup prtrait the sujects appearing t talk tgether cnvesatin piece

7

• piece  ewellery with a relie pr

trait came Prtuus • Prtuguese n archs sn infante • Prtuuese narchs daughter infanta • Prtu guese ne  the highest rank andee  Prtuguese agistrate r ayr alcalde • Prtuguese wine drunk whe new vinh vede Pr tuguese red wine tint Psd Latn name epne Pseidns threeprnged spear tident stn psitin relaie t a xed pint beaing • apparent change in relatie psitin  jects iewed ro derent pints paallax ssssn • persnal pssessin chattel  useless psessin white elephant • pssessin giing scial prestige status smbl st • strng pst with a pinted end stake • deensie wal  wden stakes stckade • ry xed up right pst stanchin st st • stap peroraed with a set  initias pen stap printed upside dwn invet • sheet  staps pane • denting a stap intended r genera use defnitive • denting staps lacking perr atins impeate  enelpe with staps psarked n their rst day  issue fist da cve • printed ar cancelling r sustituting r a pstage stap fank  date stap canceling a pstage stap psmak • sall piece  gued paper r x ing staps in an au hinge • stap clecting and study philatel st sr • serice guaran teeing nextday deliery t anywhere in the UK special del ive • serice ering nextday deliery t st U areas fisclass pst • serice er ing late deliery secndclass pst

3

r I r r

 service oring proof of posting and delivery: rcrdd dvry  service

offring recrded delivery and com pensation for loss: rtd pt . conveyance of mail by air: mal conveyance of mail by land and ea: uac ma post oce deprtment holding letters ntil collected: p rtant nmbered box assgned to a person sing thi reglarly: pt fc  . fee eqred to send an item by post: pta address cod assisting ail sortng: ptcd .person delivering letters: ptman shop or conter condctng postl service bsiness: pt c per son managing a post oce ptma tr ( ssess)

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pscrd  postcard collector dt lt ps-re  doctor condcting a post-mortem examination pathl t . magistrate condcting a post mortem jdicial inqiry: crnr psure  cross-legged editation ostre: ltu ptn  commni cation by postre knc p  baked potato served in its skin: jackt ptat  potato in Indan cisine: al  cooked cabbage and potato frid  together: ul and uak  otoes mashed and bake with egg olk: duch ptat

 dish

of sliced potatoes cooked n mlk: dauphn store of potatoes nder straw and earth clamp dark shoot-spot on a potato y . edible root of the potato plant: tur .Irish potato blih murran

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pen . realization of one's per sonal potential lfactualatn pery  adjetie ctl  type of pottery war  clay mx for making pottery: pu .form ottery on the wheel thrw  ned pottery: rnwar  pottery red b not azed: cut w, u  por· os clay pottery arthnwar

. glazed pottery: fanc  ne  an coloured pottery: maa En lish pottery imitating his mca ble Chinese scene as potr cor ation wlw pattrn gae brownish-red earthenwre: ractta denoing ottery made from clay colord cramc, arthnwar clay for potery decoration: p decorative scratches made hrogh slip: rafft (p sga) oery decorated with slip: pwar shiny srce on pottery la secon lr of glaze rla iridesent pttery glaze: lutr  frnace o potery: kln  bake potte in a ln fr protective box for ottery eing red aar pottery ragment: hard hrd pthrd . this sed as a witing srface trcn uc  poch worn t te font of a kilt: prran kangaroos poch:

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maupum pwer  redce to a powder pul vr pwer  ombining orm dynam( ynais) poer of a engne indcated by the force neeed to brke it: rak hrpwr nlimited power: cart anch, mnpnc . absolte power autcracy dpt

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m,

dctatrhp,

taram  positin of powe: acndacy dmnanc . power gaied throgh stats contacts etc: nunc

 seze power to which one has no right: uup . obsession with the exercise of power: mamana  transfer of power from cenral to re gional athorities: dcntralatn, dvlutn  reservation o ll power to the central athority: drct rul  deprive of power: macuat, vrndermin an established thrw power uvt state economic and social contro: drm wer der . ombi ing orm crat . person ejoyin power  cae o his noble bith atcra

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pegnancy

 er erivi er fr i  itio   orzti ueaucat  pero exercii poer itout vi y oce minence gie  pero eoyi poer trou

elt: plutcat  roup tout to ve  e but rvve ctrl  ocey the Etaihment  roup of iluetl irk per: the hieachy per eeki to cre i perl poer: empie uide ccl  uly rctcl: paic

cc  eerlly ccepte prctce: tdxy   adjective audaty eervi pre: meitiu lutory peec or tet encmium, eugy angyc n re eble pr: ing pawn y  pryer  t elte gace pryer  for ter: inteci  RC eot o reete Hl Mry ay  et f be ue t t ay  Orto evtio of repete voctio f e e o Jeu eu Paye  kote cor e it t: paye pe  pei? y of pryer berve  te et me day  e of prer for te rvet: gatintd  te of pryer precrie i te Ro brevry: cannica hu  prcc of pryer lei to  irect ppreeio of te ve: mytiim  c r ryer hac nee  pero of ecluo for pryer eteat echg  adjective hmitc  rt of prei hmietic ce  t prece oter, ep e perceve  iluec t: ntecedent  precee  te ante date  llcy tt precei evet ut be te ce of toe t follo te pt hc eg ppe hc

edcbe  er e bev iur i upreictbe: e cannn efe  erl preferece pediectin  politicl or exul preferece ientatin ency  adjective antenta matenity, penata  ke pre t: impegnate  becoe pre t cnceive  cpbe f coce tio: fetile  icpble of oceptio aen, infetie, teie eot cocept ceve  te b: in ute e ccep to cieve i  rticil eviro et: in vit  be pret t: cay  furter cocepti ile pret: upeetatin  evelop et of  fetu iti te Fllopi ube tua egancy  evel et f  fetu ute te b: ec tpic pegnancy   pret for te rt te: pimigavda l mgadae)  o pret for t let te eco tie: mutigavida  oroe tiult utere prep rti r precy: pgetene  fele repouctiv cell egg, vum  tube covey te e to te uteru: Fapian tue  ttcet of te e t te ll of te ob: impnt atin, nidatin  ubor pri emy fet  crryi ti  e ob: getatin  boy lu ur roui  fetu amntic fuid  ebre urri  fetu: amnitic memane cau cor coecti  fetu to te plcet umiica cd ue uri ey precy: mning icne  cri fr tre foo uri precy: pica  i bloo pre ure i precy peecampia  cvul reult fro ti: ecampia uto i certi cul ture o te ub ki t  be ur te ltter te f  precy cuvade pteou expulo of te fetu erly  precy micaiage cplet of

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prehistoric I price

. .  .          . .    .     .        . .  .      .  .    .  . .    . .       .      . .    . . .    .          . .  . .   .   .   .   .  .  .          .            . .  . .   . .   .   .           

he nomal length of pregnancy: term fu term  end a pregnancy by arti cal means terminate  medcally nduced epulsion or destructon of an unviable foetus abortion  before the nomal end of pregnancy preterm sampling of amnotic  dagnosc luid durng pregnancy: amniocen tesis  chld's mental and physcal reardaton caused by the mothers consumpton of alcohol durng preg nancy: feta acoho syndrome pegnancy pseudocyesis  lse delberate preventon of pegnancy birth contro contraception, famiy panning uterine dis  periodc charge when pregnancy has not oc curred: menstruation form:  combining rehistoric archaeo  prehstorc le form pre served in rock foss  large prehis torc reptile: dinosaur  study of the

physical emains of prehstorc civil zations archaeoogy  use of scen tic techniques to date prehtorc re mans archaeometry

rejudice  unfar treatment ue to preudce: discrimination prearation  speak or act without previous preparation: extemporize mprovis ad-ib resent  callover of names to es tablish who is present: roca reseve  preserve by smoking, salting, etc cu re ress • press to smooth paper or cloth: caender pesse  pressure eerted on a physical object: stress  llegal pres sure or consant duress obtain ing money or property by duress: ex tortion  duress exerted by threats to reveal compromising secrets back mai  political pressure applied by delbeate envronmental damage ecoterrorism  elongated egion of high atmospheric pressure ridge  elongated regon of low atmospherc

pressure: trough  area of atmos pheric pressure lower than those around it: depression  unstable at turbuence mospherc pressure: press down rmly: tamp  instru ment measurng liqud or gas pres sure: manometer, piezometer  in strument measurng atmospherc pressure: barometer

retend

pretended gnorance o nnocence disingenuousness .pre tend to b another person imperson ate  person dong this impostor

retty esque rice

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quantly

pretty

pictur

lowest prce a t which an auc tioned item may be sold: reserve prce: ist price prce  ocal mnmum price sup  guaranteed port price  contractor's estimated prce for a job quotation  contract ors rm price for a specied jo: ten der  unvaryng price: fat rte  as sgn a price to: vaorize  haggle over a price chaffer  collaboraton of traders to f prices cartel price ring increase to cost prce  vendoS markup  sum added to a noral prce premium  offer a highe prce than that fr whch the sale has al ready been agreed wth anothe gaz ump  over-pricing to make n art icle seem superior prestige pricing  tem sold at a loss to attract cus tomers: oss eader  selng at df ferent prces to dfferent customers: price discrimination  price reduc tion oeed to certain categores of purchaser concession, discount  printed paper enttling the holde to buy at a reduced prce voucher between manufacturer  agreement and retailer not to discount prices re tai price maintenance resae price maintenance  marketdomnant trader whose prces are sadowed by the competton price eader low prcing to force compettors out of the market predatory pricing  reduce a 

pde

 pntng

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post prc: mak dwn snstv to prc cangs laic notng an rrucbl prc: n notng a sarply ncras prc inflad notng a prc so g as to scourag purcas: phibiiv tabl of prcs aiff gur nctng t avrag poston of slct prcs: indx . govrnnt ntrvnton to kp prcs on: pic cnl govrnnt ntrvnton to kp prcs up: pic upp syst lnkng ag tc rss to rc rss gnral rs n prcs indxain gnral ructon n inflain prcs dflain

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 pr lang to ons onfall: hubi  arogantly srgtous prson: pig  solmnly

rde

sportant: pmpu

 combining

rest

hi adjecives: clical hiaic ac dal  cf prst: hiach  g rankng prst pnifx  pst prsng ovr  ctral captr dan  s rsnc dany  prst on a catral captr: cann  prst n carg of catral usc: pcn  prsts pastoral rsponsbilty: cu form:

 sacrantal asson o sns t a prst cnfin • prsts sacra ntal forgvnss of confss sns abluin  prst prforng t Eucarst: clban  ancnt Cltc

prst: Duid . Bust prst n Cna or Japan: bn ttl of a Frnc abbot or (as a courtsy) of any Frnc clrgyman abb Ortoo prst n Grc pp papa Ortoo prst n ussa pp notng a onastc prst: gula notng a nononastc prst: cua ak soon a prst: dain stff t collar fastn at t ack orn by so clrgy: cprsts ica clla, dg cla robs vsmn prsts lturgcal rss: cannical prsts suar lturgcal at: bia assstant

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prst: cua curats job: cuacy prsts lturgcal attnan: ac  Iy v rul by prsts hicrvaton an tanssson acy of a prsts sprtual autory fro tat vn to t apostls: aplic

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uccin I ee also Chuch f England Rman Cahlic Chuch rnce  st of prncpls gung or suarng an actvty hy  prncpl tat  anytng can go rong t ll: Muphy law, d law  pncpl tt ploys r l-

ays proot byon tr ablts: P pincipl .prncpl tat ork pans to  t tm availabl: Pakinn law ang rgly to prncpl, rgarlss of pactcal ts dcinai avng strong oral prncpls: highmindd .rjcton of all rlgous an oral prncpls: nihilim rntr prntr prntng a ln at a t: lin pin prntr usng at pns hmal pin prntr caractr sk daiy whl gr of ots forn prntr caractrs: d maix .prntr o gvng uck but poo ns prntout da nubr of caractrs pr nc: pich

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rntn  prntng gvng ras lttrng diamping  blurr pc of prntng: mackl  unant transfrnc of nk fro on st to  nt: ff prntng rror: mipin lial yp . a prntng nstructons to a nuscript mak up typ st up to prnt a st fm contanr for loos tal prntng typ: ca notng a lttr not a captal wca notng a captal lttr: uppca assbl typ for prntng cmp .co poston usng nly cast typ: h mal layout of lns of typ to gv stragt juificain rgns act algnnt of prnt lnts: gi t spac tn lns

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 of yp: lead  os o guie e eye leaders  arrange pages for prning n correc sequence impose  fully nise page for pooseng cameraready copy  ro of paper for coninuous prning web  single piece of paper for prning sheet . see fole ino pages gathering, signature .verical ivision of a prne page column  arrangemen of maerial on a page layout specimen layou mockup  esimae e pages a prne e wil  cast of  sor line a e op of a page or col umn wdow  opening line of a paragrap se a e foo of a page or column orphan  rial prning for correcions proof, pull  proof incorporang previous correcions revise  prine monocome poo grap haftone  nal ajusmens before prining makeready  ilus raion wiou alfones lne block  compuergenerae camerareay copy desktop publshng  prining from a a surface panography  prining of a sngle iem from a larger publicaion preprint offprint  number of copies prne a one ime run prnt run  aeseics of rinng typography  see also typeface rson  adjecte custodal .cenre ousng young persons in nee of cusoal car community home .prison for criminals age 1420 young offender insttuton  prison wi few resricions open prison  secre ungeon oubiett  German prison camp staag  German prison camp for ocers ofag  Sovie labour prison: gulag  ecommissione sip use as a prison huk  person n carge of a prison gov prison guar warder rnor .cleric serving a prison chaplan  place in cusoy pening rial remand  place use for is remand centre  sen o prison commt,

pso  pob

send down  keep in prison detan  iprisonmen o preven furer offences prevenve detention  im prisonmen alone sotary confnement  mprisone person inmate  imprisonmen wi ar labour:  release from penal servtude prison dscharge  suy of prison managemen penology  relase on promise of goo beaviour parole  coniional early release release on lcene  warime imprisonmen of resien aliens internment  con nemen o one's ome house arrest • connemen o a isan par of ones counry: internal exile  eenion alegely o safeguar e eainee: protective custody roer  risoner wo as won privileges by goo beaviour: trusty .prisoner's room cell .oney pai o secure e release of a prsoner awaiing rial bai rte  n privae: n camera .enong one's privae lie per sonal ree  eclusive privilege prerogative  prisoner wo as won privieges by goo beaviour trusty re .large cas prize ackpot  prize money in a orse race stakes  prize given o e wors conesan booby prze, wooden spoon  prize aware o e sip making e fases easwar commercial crossng of e Alanic: Blue Rband .rewar given o a nearwinner consolaton prize, highly commended, honourable mention, proxme accessit  cumulaive carryover of unwon prizes o e ne even rolover robe  probing insrumen: sonde robe  unepece problem snag .problemsolving by infor ma iscussion branstormng  problemsolving by applicaion of logic vertical thnkng  problemsolvng by an inirec an seemingly

procee I poram

78

ogca appoach: latal thnkng tppng  easy o shonest pots: .pobemsovng as a managea pckng  pots gane om post oe: tulting  pobem  tton mmal anng .tax on sovng by anom ta an eo: excessve pots wndfall tax  pe utic . ce to a pobem s so son psng age pots by egay ton lad .pace whee pobems mana means: pfit  nan glay occ: tu pt  esh ce makng hostl takove bs appoach to a pobem ntatv wth a vew to esae: cpat rcre . estabshe cose o ad  seng o shaes whe the vae s hgh: pfittaking  pst pocee: d  pocea e: o po: cmmcalm .po tandng d rcss  cmbining fm  cng mch pot: lucatv .st (e.g etahss) .not pocesse aton ong no pot dad l aw rgrm . stat a pogam's ope aton: un .pogam nstctons rcssi  costme pocesson cd . selopeatng pogam wth pagant  otoo pocesson cava easonng capacty: knwt  po cad  soemn pocesson: ctg o accontng padht rcig  cmbn ing fms gam  pogam seachng th Wo We facnt (eg abtaet) fc (eg Web cawl  pogam evse to ac) gn (eg cacg) gnc meet a patca se's nees appli (e.g athgec) appcatn pgam  po  ncenta poct catin rc neacng between se an pnff  poct gam ypduct opeatng system: ll ll p mancte o a etae an so gam .pogam econg estcte ne hs name wn band, wn nomaton: niff  pogam pe lal  poct name egstee by omng a otne ncton: utlty the manacte: pptay nam pgam  pogam contong a pptay tm . enotng a po pephea evce: manag  po ct cosey mtatng a bane one gam enabng the eaangement o bt so ne a eent name: gn onne text dt .pogam gvng c  veson o a poct mdl om ettes nva names an a . eest the etn o a poct o esses: mal mg  pogam po mocaton: call vng aesses, ay engagements, rfssn  yong ban poes etc pnal nfmatn manag sona: yupp  yong back ban  pogam aangng tasks n an ap poessona: upp  wok n a po popate seence: chdul  po esson: pact  peson okng n gam wtten n hghevl angage: a poesson: pacttn  beow uc pgam .pogam convet poesona stanas unpf ng a hgheveangage pogam na  emove om membeshp o nto machne coe an exectng t a poessona boy tk ff ntp  pogam convetng rfssr  poesso's poston assemby angage nto machne coe: cha am cmpl  pogam con ri  pot mae on nvestments nectng two tems o ha o sowae tun  pot om the sale o pop ntac  pogam eetng n wante ata gbag clct  set ety o nvstmnts capita gain  seng o the assets o a pchase o ee pogams: ut  set o n company o ck pot at stctons se sevea tmes wthn a



oga  oo

progra pcdu, subpgam, subutn un of wc progras are coposed: mdu . subprogra able o consruc oer subprogras gnat .denong a progra respondng o user npu ntactv denong a progra a a copuer can run: xcutab denong a progra copable w any copuers: cssplam an exen son o s provdng ueda hypmda facles: secre progra nsrucons causng daage f acvaed g bmb sulaneous execuon of several progras mutpcssng, muttaskng . suaneous execuon of dfferen pars of e sae progra ppnng .sal addon o a progra patch syse of sybols for prograwrng anguag .end a progras operaon xt conver a progra no a acnecode cm p progras fallback opon d faut repeaed sequence of pro grae insrucons p sngle nsrucon expandng no a se: mac progra varable acvang a ceran funcon: swtch .ls of coands o be expressed n acne code suc cd reexpress daa for use wi a dfferen progra or syse cnvt

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rormme

• prograe

w

es assgned o eac even: schd-

u rormmn nue

.pro gran language conssng of bnary or exadecal nsrucons ma-

chn

cd,

machn

anguag

 denong a prograng language a s no acnedependen hghv  denong a prograng lan guage a s close o acne code

wlv roress .ake progress wou eor cast .ake beer progress an epeced vachv • ake poorer progress an expeced und

achv .eney o progress: actnay • eney o ecncal pro gress: uddt • block o progress bstac • suaon perng no progress dadck, stamat sta ss robton .eporary probon matum .ocal probon on rade mbag rojecte • pa descrbed by a projecile: tajcty rojecto • projecor gvng ages of opaque objecs pdascp .devce seadyng e l as  passes e lens gat adjus l passng e gae: ack romse solen prose: ath, prose o do soepldg, vw ng undtakng prose o do soeng, oen a a xed e n prose o perfor gagmnt aoers oblgaon: guaanty .prose o rplace or repar defec ve goods: guaant, waanty prose oney on anoers successl copleon of a carable even: spns go back on a prose: ng, wsh

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rone to

(eg

• cmg frm acus

audacus) phlac (eg aem ac) ronuncton correc pronuncaon, or s sudy: thpy .sand ard Brs Engls pronuncaon cvd pnuncatn pc cange as an aspec of pronuncaion: ntn-

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atn rond

• polcal propaganda

dssenaed n leraure ec agt-

pp roeer

• air or waer curren be-

nd a propeler spstam .sps secondary propeller used n anoeuv rng: thust propeller blade

van roof

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• provdng

proof pbatv prove e ru of dmntat prove o be wrong: fut

8

rr I r

roerty  ideas as property itelady)  tenant in current occupation lecl prperty  property in build- sittig tet  tenancy for a xed ings and land rel prperty relty  period erm f yers  denting a  property other than buldings or xedter tenancy shrthld  person living on ncoe fro property land mvbles pers prperty persty  heited prperty retir  unlawful occupant of a ptrimy  inspect property as a po- building o lnd satter  ters under which real property is held tental lessor or purchaser view tere . absolute nd peranent .sale of property disps .person tenure freehld  tenure for a ter seng his or her property to another vedr  conclude a property sale of years lesehld  person taking cmpete . legal docuent transfer- out a lease lessee .person grantng a lease lessr  return of property to ring owership of property cveyce  right to ownership of rop- the lessor at terination of lease reerty title  suary of title versi docuentation bstrct  title ro  adjective: mtic

 rght f exclusive use of property on copleton of sale vct pssessi  charge upon property ecmbrce  transfer of property dev lti  effect such a transfer devve  legal arrangeent

whereby property s noinally owned by one person for the benet of others trst .leasing of a property back to its vendor lesebck use in turn of a property by several jont owners timesharig value of a ortgaged property ater deduction of charges aganst it eity coapse of prperty values due to expected area redevelopent plaig bligh .arrangeent for the nheritance of property over several generations etil governent's right o seize private property for state use emiet dmi seize property cfiscte exprpriate seize property for the repayent of a debt distri  seester repossess a ortgaged property upon falure of payents freclse .enter another's property without prisson trespss take unauthorized possession of another's preises st expel soeone fro a property evict copany seing ad renting out properties estte gecy property ower giving lets to tenants ldlrd ( ad

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 prophet  prophet

of doo of doo who is ignored

Cssdr roorto  in proportion cm mesrte pr rt  proportonal relation rati ros  prose writing undertken principally for aesthetic ect bellesletres rostt d  inlaation of the prostate prsttitis  enzye found in the blood of en with pros tate cancer prstatespecific ti

ge rsttt .prostitute seeking cli ents in the street streewlker  prostitutes anager pimp . in coe fro prosttution immrl erigs  person obtaining prostittes for others prcrer pdr

 slow driving in search of prostitutes

kerbcrwlig rotcto  combnng form pr( aa) . protective easure taken in advance precti (place of) protection oered to the weak, destitue, or insane sym

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 blood protein transporting oxygen  protein hemglbi found n the blood of a disesed per son parprtei  protein present in

roten

cheese csei .fungusderived pro

ti

 ten: mypten  alntrtn ased by prten deeny: wash rest  prtest by refsal t eat: hunge stke  prtest by gnrng ertan las: vl dsbedene  prtest by refsal t leae: upatn stn  persn refsng peratn as a prtest eusen  reprahl erbal prtest: emn stan Presnt  eber f a dssent ng Prtestant Chrh: nnfmst  Prtestant hrh gernent y nsters and elders: Pesbyteansm dstrt s gerned: pesbytey  Prtestant nsters hse manse Prence  adjectve Pveal , rune  dsh f prnes rapped n ban and sered n tast: devls n hesbak Prussn  Prsan arstrat: June s  psal bk: psalte  psalsngn: psalmdy syctr  psyhatr therapy that seeks t re an ndesrable habt by assatng t th an n pleasant experene: avesn theapy  phba re by gradal exps re t ts ase: systemat desenstzatn sycny:  persn nder gng psyhanalyss analysand release f repressed etn by sery f ther ase ahass psyhanalyt test f desrbng nkblts Rshah test sycy  agned ntns l f a persn's thghts: steam  nsusness  bel the thresh ld f nssness sublmnal grp f repressed deas mplex refse t all nt nssness nhbt, epess suppess  erba thght nne  s peeh  nnae rge t attan a gal: dve  nnate rea

pros  psycoogy tn t a gen stls: nstnt  seengly rand sggestn f ne dea by anther: ee assatn  nnss transfer f ne's n desres r etns nt anther: p jetn  ffsettng f a psyhlgal dfuty by deelpng n anher dretn: mpensatn  persn h nerned th hs n thghts and feelngs: ntvet  n selfnss tgng persn etavet  persn's tre bt nealed sef: nne hld  exesse nterest n ne's appearane r abltes: nassm  psyhlgally nded refsal r nablty t nate: autsm  psyhlgally nded n ablty t ake desns: abula  psyhlgaly nued esre t dsplay ne's gentals: exhbtnsm  psyhlgaly nded refsal t eat: anexa nevsa  psyhlgally nded desre t ereat bulma nevsa  ether r bth f the pre edng: eatng dsde  psyh lgally nded nterest n faees and defeatn pphla  psyh lgaly nded fear: phba  b sesse desre t set re t thngs: pymna  parand atttde based n the assptn f thers' hstlty: sege mentalty  xatn th a sn gle dea: bsessn lss f a sense f persnal dentt thght t be ased by nablty t salze: alenatn  aggresse behar ask ng feelngs f nadeqy: nety mplex arrgant behar askng eelngs f nadeqay supety mplex  trst r affetn dr eted tards a aptr by hs s Stkhlm syndme  psyhlg aly nded bsssn th persnal per megalmana  psyhlgal state f pared reasn and ery dmenta  eanngless repettn f anther's ats ehpxa  ean ngless repettn f anther's rds  delsns f self ehlala

importance or of persecution para noia , pesecution complex psycho logical state of sloth and despondncy depression apathy induced by pro longed dependency on state benets dependenc cultue psychologic ay nduced refusal to speak mutism  psychologicay induced use o f ob scene language coprolalia psycho logically induced meaningless speech paraphasia psychologicay in duced desre to steal leptomania psychological disturbance from ex posure to warfare ae atigue, comat atigue, shellshoc de noting a physical illness caused or en hanced by psychological factors pschosomatic le instinct in Freudian psychology Eros death instinct in Freudian psychology conscious personality Thanatos factor in Freudian psychology ego Feudian selfcritical personality factor superego Freudian instinct ive and largely subconscious person ality factor id esire of the id to avoid pain and seek pleasure pleasure piniple  egos control of the id to meet social norms realit principle young childs aeged desire for its parent of the opposie sex Oedipus mascuine part of a complex womans personality in Jungian psychology animus  feminine part of a mans personality n Jungian psychology anima  aspect of the personality presented to others persona relational aspect of human ac tivity i Jungian psychology eros primitive mental iage said by Jungian sychology to be inherited om prehistoric man archetpe shared stock of such images collectinnate drive for ive unconscious selfdestruction death instinct in nate drive for selfpreservaion lie istinct rerouing of basic drives into more socially acceptable activities sulimation uncertainty as t o ones

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personal role identi crisis psy  chological interactions between mem bers of a group group dnamics struggle for psychological domin ance war o nerves, pwer pla psychological treatment therap giing of sychological advice counselling herapy aimed at neur otic behaviour rather than its cause ehavioural therap therapy simu lating the trauma of bing born re irthing  therapeutic enactment of various social roles role plaing herapy assocating undesirable be haviour with pain etc aersion therap psychological system posting a constant interaction between paren tal adult and childish personality traits tans actional ana lsis study of phenomena unexpaine by ortho dox psychology parapscholog

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ubc hu

• public

house not

under brewery control ree house  person in charge of this landlord, landlad public house under bre person in ery control tied house charge of this manager, tenant period when drink prices are re duced happ hour moment at which bar sales must cease time period aowed after closing time for consumption of previously purchased liquor driningup tme  period aer closing time when 'private drinking takes place behind locked doors locin permission for a pub lic house to stay open longer than usual extension bar customers running account score pub bar of fering basic comforts pulic ar pub bar oering superior accommo dation and charging higher prices lounge ar, saloon ar, snug x ture for inverted spirit bottles gantr brew temporary avalable guest

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ee ubc • publicity booklet rochure • publicity material literature

• publicity

to trigger public debate

83

publsng  pully

 eson ft: lyply  set ddng th cncunaiing gnng cty fo clents publicit cnts pttd dick  steed ft  vodnce of Ulcty lw pil n  ed cse: chal  so s e fts n  ed cse umm  ee alo advtiing pudding  songe se th  seet ubsn . nt yent to n tong an  Itln desset of tho on sgnng a contct advanc songe soke n sts nd coffee  shng ndetken t the tiamiu  Rssn Este desset thos exense vanity publihing pahka .seet tte ked th   cton sng eso co- ft lng clafuti  chestnt etes nd ntes: dktp publ ihseved n sg man glac ing .shes efeed fo of  sogecsed cstd chal esenton nd yot hu tyl u  cstd toed th caae .shes ddess detls o nd zed sg cm bl ( cmes ne mpint .thos text s sbO3es) . egg cstd toed th tted to  she manucipt cm caaml ( cmes  oyee cossonng nd se ce: cames)  cod ddng of lk nd vsng oects dit  eoyee lvoed cono blancmang exnng nscts fo style nd chox sty led th ce: p consstency cpy dit .  cosfitl  thn st ked ond  sonng nd odcton o  ook fo ft lng tudl . lght eten ssent se to  she pack- desset whip .ddng of lvoed agng . coy of  ook de vl- hed ce yllabub  cod de efoe lcton dte advanc dng th hed ce nd eggs: cpy  t of  ook shed se paait  cod ddng of songe cke atey aicl, intalmnt, pint, nd ft toed th lyes of e ppint  excsve ght to sh cstd nd ce: til  eten  ook: cpyight  ech of coy eggs, sg, nd lvongs lumght piacy  ne ne code my  seet of hed ce nd ssgned to ech ook lshed: egghte mu  Geek seet of Intnatinal Standad Bk um- sese lo nd honey: halva b  shot descton of a ooks  Geek seet of honeysoked asty contens, fo cty se blub th nts  ondbaklava  s d to the tho fo ech coy lvoed ce fangipan  seetsold: yalty  ent th edtol ened k cds junkt  sl cd nteventon itin  ent th tt maid  hnu . cod ed ltte o no edto nteventon: im- ft th ce: fl  enge pin  ook chevng hge le th ft nd hed ce sls btll, blckbut  sel pavlva  ddng of ed, , nd off enng coes of n ook enge: qun  pudding chey maind  desgntng  .fozen doeshed desset: bmb ook stl avle fo ts she  ce ce seved th ft etc n  in pint . shes lst of ooks t glss Knickbck Gy pa stl  nt backlit  ee alo fait, unda . dsh of ce ce, bk eches, nd le: pach Mlba, pch Mlba  seetet eten t udd  ft ddng steed n  coth u  steed ddng of the end of  el bnn bouch set nd o ut pudding  set uey  oes nd lleys fo lftng hevy oects tack  csed set of ddng olled th lyes of  o

f

pup I puzze

pues: lck  groove whee in a pue bock hav u  pup o presse grapes marc  pup o presse appes: pmac use  combnng form: phygm  instruent recoring the pulse: phygmgraph um  pour liqui into a pup be ore use: prm . combnng form unisen p)  adjectve dcipiary, pa, putv .subject to punish ent pa  punishent as signe tc .enoting a pun ishent intene to iscourage urther crie: dtrrt, xmpary  punshent seen as societs re venge on he criina: trutv punhmnt .unavoiable punish ent: mi  threatene punish ent acti .enoting punish ent appropriate to the crie: cdg  eserve pnishent: rt rut  court orer givin no pun ishent unless the ence is re dcharg peate cdtal  schoo punishent o being kept in: dttn  ilitar punishent o oing i carring u kit: pack drl  punshent o heav anual wok: hard au .punishent o oing unpai work or the counit cmmuty rvc .punishent b in icting boil pain: crpra puhmt  punishent o caning the soes o the eet atad  punish ent o being sent awa: ahmt, x  wooen rae with hoes or hea an hans py  wooen rae with hoes or the hans an eet tck  punishent o execu tion dath paty  enoting such a punishent captal  execution b a ob: ynchig  unconitiona re ission o punishent: f pad  canceation or postponeent o punishent rprv  reeo ro punishent: mputy .escap ing punishent: ctfr  person

84 punishe or anothers aults: capgat, whppg y  stu o pun ishent pgy .pace to which inor oeners ust report regu la attdac ctr  custoia centr or oung oeners cmmunty hm  harsh custoial regie iagine to have a eterrent eect: ht harp hck  ee alo tc u  butter or oth pupa chrya .pupas sik case: c c u .orer pupil o a schoo or universi: aumu  ana: pl ani) . ebar a pupil o hs schoo: xp  teachers perioic asessent o an coents on a pu pis progress: pt ue  puppet on strigs martt urcse  purchase otivate soe b pointosae pUbici m pu uyg  instaent purchase with ieiate use hr pucha .excusive right to purchase within a state perio pt  states egal enorce purchase cmpuy purcha  avanceent o purchaser's rights: cumrm  purchasers' reusa to bu: cumr ritac  investigation o purchasers tastes an opinions cumr rarch uricon  purication o the eotions through raa etc catha  puri b boiling o: dt urose .purpose or which soe thing exists: ra dt us  cmbnng form py  adjec tve purt .puse piple o bister putu  bloo poisoning cause b pus: pyama  create pus ftr, uppurat us  push orwar prpl  push roughl: jt ue  pictre ct into interock ing pieces jgaw  pastic cube co pose o ovable · ulticoloure

 uar: ubs cube  hn g trcal puzzl: tangam  gr f lttr ctanng r rttn  any rctn: wd seach  r puzzl n hch crtan lttr  ach ln fr a a r ag: acstc

puzzl  pul

 puzzl t n fr clu pr r ttng t a frark f uar: csswd  puzzl t n a

r f r gng th a ttr quc hn ra acr r n: wd squae

·.

Qq

                           • • • • • • • • • •   • •     • •   • •   • • • • •  •  • •    • •   •  •      • • •    •                                                          

Qkr  Quar assl r r shp meetng qty . combin ing foms ence ( imetinence) ency ( e ciency) shp ( ends) . adec tive ualtatve  nnal qualt je ne sais quo .stnt r a nsprng qualt mystue  as sss  qUalt ualtatve .nt ng th st qualt fst class, fst ate pme . ntng pr qualt esat second class, second ate rt  pla n quarantn isolate qrk  atgrs  quar colou flavou, stangeness qrtr  quartr  a rl r sphr quadant qn . adectives oyal, egal

qto  adective: nteogave  ult qustn conundum .st  rttn qustns uestonnae  st  qustns an ansrs us as a ans  nstrutn catechsm . ntng a qustn suggstng th ansr rqur leadng . ntng a qustn as r t an nt x ptng a rpl hetocal .qustn an agnt aut hs r hr plt ssn debef .lng an sr sssn  qustnng gillng, nteogaton, th d degee q  lng traf quu talback qk  qu an nt exped itous  qu an arlss peunctoy . rhast pecptate qt  qut pr lull q  Suth Aran tr lng qunn chnchona

Rr i . femae rabbit de .mae rabbit uk  yog rabbit ktten  rabbit hort tai ut  rabbit dweig uw dergrod  itrcoctig ri of bro wen  rabbit cage huth  iammatio of a rabbit ear: nke .dieae fata to rabbit: mymt  poecat ed to chae rabbit: fet  tew or oi rabbit g ries  rig from rabie: d ce  hort fat race: p n .preimiary race het  race eio meet meetng  race i which each ectio i cotetd by a participat from each eam ely  tet of compeitor eed over a et ditace tme t  deotig a race for a pen  programme for a race meetig d ed  competitor tartig pace mk .ed of a race with eader amot eve: pht fnh  ed of a race with eve eader ded het  withdraw from a race before it tart th  eave a race before it ih ete  cotetat thoght to have itte chace of cce ude  cotetat eadig at the tart of a race pemke peette  deotig a cotetat ihig a rac i th rt thr pled .hort tick or tbe paed betwee member of a reay team tn  watch for timig race tpwth  boat race whoe participat each e a pair of oar u  boat race o a core rod obtace m  et of boat race: egtt  racig came dmedy  track cyce race with a taggered tart ad attempt o

overtake the rider i frot puut  crocotry bicyce race yl  mai bch of cycit i a race petn  cyce racig team aitat gneu .jry giv to a age wier i a cyce race yew jeey .racig dog geyhund whppet  tartig compartmet i a greyhod race tp . hore race with o jmp flt e  hore race over atra obtace teeplehe  tartigcompartpnttpnt met i a hore race tl  barrier raied at the tart of a hore race ttng gte  hore race wi by e tha a hore head egth  horerace pre ht hed moey tke .horerace prie coiig of all the compettor take weeptke  deotg a race for hore that have ot wo before mden  teepechae orgaiig body n unt Cmmttee  motor race over rogh terrai lyco  hort motor race eig acceleratio dg e .og ditace motor race over pbic road lly  bet poitio at the tart of  otor race pe ptn .ag igalig the ed of a motor race hequeed flg  motor cyce racig peedwy  motor cycle crocory race mt  motor cyce race over rogh grod mle  cider track for motor cyce race dt tk .26mie rig race: mthn  race foowig a trai of torp paper ppehe  rig race acro rogh ad famiar terrai onteeng rig race icdig hrde ad water jmp teepehe  ki race dow a widig

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ac  ado

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course sllom swimmng race re quring severa strokes: medley set o swming races gla r person o mixed race hlfbreed, hfcste person with one white and one back parent multto person with one Spanish and one American ndian parent mestizo seiautonomous ( mesza) area or members o a particuar race homeland poicy o commo pubic provsion or a races integrtion poicy o separate pubic provision or ach race: segregtion racia prejudice rcism, rcialism advo cate o the supremacy o a particuar race supremcist . dierent treatment or persons o diferent races: discrimntion deiberatey aour ae treatment o those tought to be discrimnated aganst positive dis-

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crimnion, reverse discrmintion rtrk  cyce racing track velodrome . cinder track or motor cyce races: dir trck  strip o track or one competitor: lne  sharp doube bend in motor race track chicne  na stretch of a racetrack home stright  condition o a horserace track going .rame or ump ng over hurdle . strip o mteria brokn by the winner tpe  win

ners ceremonia crcuit o the track: lp  honour .ancient Greek or oman course or horse and cariot races: hippodrome . trackside area not open to the genera pubc enclos ure .trackside encosure where com petitors asseme pddock rdr . series o rada sinas emitted as a navigationa guide: bem reected radar beam: echo .ocate and track a target by radar lock on to eectromagnetic wave used in radar device strengthening microwve ths: mser . radar estabishment trackng msses sateites etc: trckng sttion meta oi reeased to evade radar detection ch, win

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 aircrat

dow

desgned to evade

radar detecton: stelth plne

rdton . penetrating eectromagnetic radiation o shorter waveength than Xrays gm rdition re gion o intense radiation high above the earth Vn llen bel discharge o radiation emission discharge o radiation through gradua nucear dissoution rdioctie decy  emittng ionizing radiation rdio ctive .caused by ioning rad ation: rdiogenic . denotng penetrating radiation hrd denoting radation with itt e pentrating power: so denotg eectromag netic radiation with a waveength just greater than that o red ight nfrred denotng eectromanetc radiation wth a waveength shorter than that o vioet ight ut onger than that o rays ultrviolet nstruments measuring radiation: dosimeter rdi nstrument ometer changes n rared radiaton thermogrph .deice generating an intense eam o eectromagnetic radi ation lser brea up radation into high and ow densities dirct .ex pose to radiation irrdie .eve o exposure to ionig radiation: dos  amount o ioning radiation " ge absorbed dose device measurng this: dosimeter, il m bdge . argest  radiation dose that can be taken with out harm: tolernce dose ness resuting rom exposure to oning radiation rdiion sckness

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rdo  ay type o radio crystl set  tuning wre n this cts whis ker  app ratus trans ittng ment readgs y radO: telemeter

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radio and gramophone \ rdiogrm comned rado phone and tape deck musc centre radio that can transmt and receive: I device receVg a I trnscever radio sina and automatcay trans

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ado  away

mitting another one transponder .devce detectng radio emissions  from the sky rado telescope .ter restrial radio establishment tackng misses, satellites, etc earth staton, radio device de trackng staton tectng moving objects radr series of radio sgnals emitted as a naviga tional ide beam sma radio de  vice alerting its wearer by beeping when i has received a messae pager syste of interconnected transmitters neork alter a radio sigal to make it incomprehensible scramble .adjust a recever to the freency of the desred signal tne radio nt detecting and preamplfying the desired sigal tner singlerod radio aerial monopole set of earphones and microphone headset small cathode dispay as tnin indicator magc eye radio wave of constant amplitude contnos wave .alter a radio waves amplitde or frequency modlate distance between sccessive crests of a radio or sond wave wavelength .radio frequences for local commnication Ctzens Band radio wave above 1 k long long wave radio wave between 0.1 and 1  long medm we radio wave beteen 0.01 and radio wave 0.1 km long shor wave between 0.001 and 03 m long mcrowe range of waveengths between to given limis band waveband .delection of radio waves passng  from one medim to another refrac relected radio beam echo ton maging of nterna organs by high freqency radio waves magnetc resonance magng radio wave tansmitted or received gnal nwanted signals mparing reception nteeence deliberae creaion of this jammng signals stength relative to inteference arond it sgnaltonose rato nteratonal rado distress sgnal

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Mayday • amater radio operator ham rdotty • atmospheric radioactivity ater a nclear explosion fall ot • time needed for radioactvity to halve hallfe • not sbject to radioactive decay stable • radioactive  form of an element sotope • med-

ica se of radioactive substances nclear medcne radioactive sbstance whose passage thogh the body is monitored for diagnostic prposes instment for measrng tracer radioactivity Geger conter de vice for handling radioactive material glovebox .lose radioactivty remove radioactivity from decay decontamnate .free from radioactivity clean

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rft

• inatabe rat for use in ship-

wreck lfe ra

• railway

rwy

line leading towards a major city p lne .raway line leading from a major city down lne raway with a cental toothed ra rack ralway ndergrond raway in London tbe, Under grond .ndergrond raway in Pars metro ndergrond raway in Rome metropoltana .dergrond raway in New York sbway wheelless raway sytem maglev raway system with a sngle track  from which the train s sspended monoral short tack beside a raway line sdng short branch line transverse beam spporting spr raway ack sleeper na fasten ing the ra to the sleeper spke .plate onng two sections of ra fshplate stones forming the bed of a raway track ballast ths wth the track pon it permanent way distance betwen track ras gage .earth pied p to cary a raway trck embankment series of aches spportng a raway track vadct water tnnel under a raway tack clver onward slope of

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  zr a raway track grdiet, cie  area f adustable ntersectng rack: pots  nts desgned t dera ve hcles cng the wrng way ctch pots  barrer at the end f a ral way rack: ffes  sgnal fr the ne sectn f rack: home sig  sgnal gvng advance warnng: dis tt g  elsve warnng de vce set n th track: detotor  raway track and asscated eu ent trcor  ersn uldng r antanng ralway tracks: , pteer  tracks de buldng fr whch nts sgnals etc are cn trlled sg box inr ralway stan: ht  statn wth etensve arkng: r  statn nfra n bard r screen: dcto sta tn tha s a ar ransrt nter change: rihed  statn servng several rutes: iterchge  safekeeng fr luggage a a statn e ggge  fcal n charge f a ralway statn sttiomser  int where rues erge r crss jcto  rlingstck antenance shed wth a turntable: rodhose t where vehcles etc crss ra way racks ee crossig frer faus raway gude: Brdsh  see lso tri

rn



. comining form po) djective pu lght ne ran

drzze  checaly luted rain: cid ri  ranfall reachng the grund thrugh trees etc throghf  ranwater nt absrbed by the earth: off  ran clud: ms  sd den voent rnstr codrst, dege  rany seasn n suthern Asa: mosoo  a lne nng nts f eual ranfal isohet  srayng checals nt a clud t roduce ran: seedig perd wth lttle r n ran droght  nt washed away by ranfal rifst rnow  band f clurs seen n the ranbw: spectrm

ry  raly f Scuts and/r Gudes jmoee rndom  dentng usc allwng fr se rand eleents n ts er france etoric rnk rankng by status: herrch f h her rank speror  f lwer rank: ubordite rrty ac crded t ersns f dferent rank: pecedece  rase t a hgher rank: promote  degrde t a lwer rank: demote, reegte  ttled er sn rtocrt  ersn belngng t nether the ryalty nr the arstc racy: commoe rd  comining form: tch  rad heartbeat due t eceent fever etc tchcrdi r  rseclured rash roseol  tchng red rash caused by fd al erges: hves, ette rsh , utic  rash rund the wast r head wth etree nerve an shi ges, herpes zoster Rtfr  Rasaaran ar style wth har n tght brads: dred ocs  Rastafaran's vegetaran fd it  Rastafaran nae fr Gd:  cnteptuus Rastaran Jh ter fr whte scety and cuture Bbo rt  djective mure  ale rat: buc  yung rat pup rt  reduce r reve rates de rte rtr  comining form h (

g

biggish)

rto  rat f tes t a gven area dest  rat n whch ne ter n creases as the ther decreases:  verse rtio rton  free fr ratnng restrc tns deto rn  dective corie ry  djectiv: rd rzor  leather str fr sharenng razrs tro



read  reord paer

 a

red

can be rea egibe rea arefuly perue, pre ver rea casually: bre rea pacinabiliy o rea ue o igily: dip norance: iteracy inabiliy o rea ue o brain aage aexia rd culy wit reaing bndne ue o brain ysfuncion: dyeia .scarcely able o rea an wrie eiterate unabe o rea or wrie: iterate . reaing wors by ei general appearance and ay reaing wors by e souns eir eers epress: phnc .reaers cubicle in a library: carre reaing san: ectern redy reay  require: n aert,  tandby release fro a sae of reaness: tand dn ake ore concree or rey eal: refy avoiance of npleasan realiies: ecap re enn cour's winning opening: hazard buil projecion in e cour tabur .juncion eween oor an sie walls of e cour: nc .coursie specaors galery: de-

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dan reson

 aective

ratnal .reasoning syse: daectic .science of reasoning: gic . reasoning fro general o paricular: deductn

 reasonng

ro paricular o general inductn .fauly reasoning or a belief base on i falacy sowing fauly reasonin: guded .a racive bu fallacious reasoning: ph pretene reason: pre-

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tet recen

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. combi i fom

ne-

 cil recenly born: nenate  re-

cen begnner: nephyte

recen

. combii fom

ee

 ayee)

recroc

 combii fom nter-

 ineacin)

recommend licly: endre

 recoen

pub

 combii

record

gr

fom

 syseaic recor: g  recor of a persons eucaion n career curcuu  vitae (pl cicua iae)  eecrcally race recor of a earbea eectrcardgra  recor of urs worke te heet  recr of a business eeing: nute  recor

of a learne socieys eeings: er prceed ng, tranactn .recor of asks coplee or in progress rheet eay Ecequer recor: ppe r . paperwork re quire for ofcial recors: dcuentatn se of recors, papers, ec on a paricuar opic: der coec ion of ocuens or recors: archive, perio before wrien reregitry ors: prehtry  see also archive

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recorder

 evice

 combii fom graph

recoring e isance ravele an spees acieve by a oor veicle: tachgaph

recorder fpple recordn

 recorer

oupece

 enoing

a recoring ae a a public perforance: live coponen ransferring elecrical signals o e recoring eu coninuous sequence rehead recor a core a one ie tae elevision prograe for later viewing: tieh general soun qualiy of a recoring: prductn . laserrea isk of igial iora ion: cpact di secion of  re coring conaining a sinle ie: reoring's proecive cover: trac inforaion see insie a eeve recoring's case inlay frae isc aware o ariss of a igseling recoring: gd dc, ver dc, patinu dc .ake a recoring o e arke: delete

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 ar poin place in e recor groove: tyu  oler

record yer

for e sylus: cartrdge

. revolving

ectmet  eatop



r  monarchs short staff:  monarch's globe sur cetre mounte by a cross: rb rcrtt former servces re- ron nearby region: vcty region offerng governmen ncen crutment unt employng force n trcery: regang  ence senor tves t� ncomng businesses develet aea regon observng a employees away from other com common tme: te ze sem panes: eadt autonomous area for members of a rct  omiig om rct)- partcular people: ead  re  nlammaton of the rectum: gon sufferng etreme rought an rct  instrument for nspectng eroson: dtbw the rectum: rctce  stuy of rstrton   specially pur the anus an ectum: rcty vehcle regstration plates hat  sol mecaton nserte to ssolve chase contan he owners initials ec: va n the rectum try lu ty late or gas ntrouce mecnally nto the rrt regret an wsh unone: rectum: eea re feeling no regret: etet rd . om ig oms erytr) ( e enn era re rt  low am n a river to regulate ts low: wer  evce regu ree rb)  brillant re: ver   re bloo cell: erytrcyte lating u ow: vave  e·face:  re- rn  adjetive real  pero rbcd between two reigns: terre blnness: dat rtaa rf  ccular coral reef or group of rrs  rehearsal taen with out stops rtr  rehearsal to islans at low reef or anban: cay  reef enclosng a lagoon: barrer chec lghtng an other effecs: tecca reeara  na rehearsal: reef dre reearal rr  referees assstant nct rjcton  contemptuous reection: ng when the bal s out of play lner  formal reecton: rea, tc jde cat rnnt  ecessive renement: rtd  relate through a common recty ancestor: cate relate hrough rfrrtor  refrigerator com- a common male ancestor: anate  relate by bloo: cae, partment for frut an vegetables crer  ri a refrgerator of ecess   relate at a stance of x gener ations:  te reved relate ice defrt through marriage or aopton: afrf  state protecton offere to fed  (of wors) relate by havng a a politcal refugee: ayl  place to common source: cate etan a refugee whle asylum applcatons are consere: detet rtons  harmonious rela tonship between persons: rart cetre  nteractve relationship between rfs  refuse to o busness wth: thngs: crreat  establshment byctt  refuse to gve: wtd of a close relatonshp base on share  refuse to socalize with: tracze eperiences or feelngs: bd  abrupt refusal or reecton: rebff  establshment of harmonous inter sc upon whch a recor is place: trtabe  base for the turntable: dec  see also rae

remoe I repuao

24 

    0  � from a mueum etc collection: deac cession .remoe the bowel of: disembowel, eviscerate reoe  remote area: utma Thule reoe .renounce he throne: abdcate  eron who renounce hi fait: enegade re .rent aid by the houeholder to te andower: ground rent .reduced rent aid during nonoccuancy: etainer .exceive rent: rackrent  nomnal rent: pepper corn ent  eron living on rent ncome: rener reair .reair made to an item  ue: running repa  hoereaire: cobbe  kee in good reai: maintain  inect an rear  neceary: overhau reeitio  rerun of lm of the crucial momen of a orting event, oen in low motion: action replay  reetition of word or idea in in verted order chasmus  mucle train caued by freuent reetition of a movement: repettive stain inury reaee  temorary relacement for a doctor, clergyman, etc : locm  relacement by a better item: upgrade  woman bearing chidren for an nfertle woman: surrogate re .har rely: retort, riposte  witty rel or converation coniting of hem: repartee  witty retort that come to min aer the chance to make it ha gone: espt de 'escaler  eron relying respondent reor  reort of a raieworthy act: ctation  government reort with rooal for ublic dicuion: green paper .government reot with rooal for legilation: whte paper .ofcial reort: eturn .reort giving the writer conidered oinion: poston paper  reare a detale reort: wrte up

 newaer reorter: reorer journast, corespondent  inexerienced newaer reorer: cub  reorter engaged by a newaer on a arttime bai: stringer  newa� reorter of artitic erform ance: crtc .newaer feature contributor: columnist  reorter ocia accreditation: press card  arranged meeting with reorter: press conference  eron ulying a reorter with inide informa . tion: source reroio .combining forms· gon  ona) .adjective: generative  age at which reoduction become oible: pubert .rerodu" cing by mean of egg: ovparous   reroucing live offring: vivipar ous  reroducing by giving birth; from egg hatched within the body:  ovovvparous  breeding between \ cloely related individual inbreed� ng .external reroductive genitals  female externa vulva  male external pens, testiles  gland roducinJ ova: ovary  tube conveying th ovum o the uteru: allopan tub  gland releaing a luid comonent  emen: prostate  gland erm: testis  itouction emen to the vagina other than by ua intercoure: artiicial ation  reroductive cell:  organ roducng gaete: .keeing an egg warm: .efreroction of genetic ia: replcation  denoting aexual roduction: vegetative  incaable  reroduction: sterle  combinin reie herpet(o), saur, saurus rehitoric retile: dinosaur, saura  gla container for keeing ma retle: terrarum  tudy of retile1  herpetology reaio .reutation gained ablity or achievement: statre, st

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25

eque

 eu

sposbliy discaimer .peson e tus  publc esucio of a pesons repuaon humiiation  mlicous sponsble fo anohe: sponsor  ake on excesse esponsbles: esucion of a pesons repuaion overextend onese character assassination whspering campaign res  sho es: respite  may reqes  fomal reques: petition es ken in ho counes siesta reqire  whenee eque: on resaran  simple esauran: demand cafe coee shop istro, rasserie  sesece esauan: cafeteria resin ambe rubbe on snge saf esauan canteen  esaurnsumen bows rosin .synhec an selng cooke foo o be een esn use o make synhec exle elsehre takeaway  esauran bes poester  synhec esn specling n oass rotisserie use n pains an ahesives: pour resaua where mea s cae ethane  exble sythec esin uner the cusomers recon: car use n packagg: pothene ver  pancake resauran: crperie resis  essnce o pessure: compressive strength  essance o .pza esauran: pieria .smal Greek esauan taverna  smal enso: tensi e strength  resstance alan esturan: trattoria  place geeae he one suface bushes seng a a esaura: cover  espas anothe friction .sgne fo auan chage fo brea laun ec mnimum aressance streamined chage  esaurans lis of  ha cnno be resise: inexorae cover aailable ishes menu  dish aal abanonmen o ressance: capitu- able on a pacua ay: pat du jour ation l pas d jor) lm menu resor  eso hang a mecnal see a  xe oea pce: tae mneal sprng: spa  spa o sease d'hte  menu wh em pce sep esor: watering pace aaely  a carte  syle of esturesore .share esource poo a sece n whch a cusomes  cae use of esources thri plae is lle by waers a he able siver service  esauran owne rese • mbinin frm wise restaurateur  esaurans seno (g priwis)  amring espec cook: chef  esaurans junior cook prestige  gen as a mak of espec commis  bag fo resaan cushonorfic .respec ue o famly o ome o ake home ueae foo: fathelan piet s dogg ag reseae  slghly srepuable raffish rak sh  shabby n s- resrain .nke mel ings se curng he wsts o aes: shackes epuable seedy  uny an wrs shckles manaces  anke repuabe pesons: ragtag and shackes: fetters  hol ow otai someones arms a legs: pinion resonse .auomac espose: i nstnct refex action .repoe eac- resriions  fee from esco o a new pouc poposa ec ons decontro feedack  uenthusasc o hosle res .ossble res ventuait eacion: negative feedack  na esu upshot  ancmacc resonsiii .area of espons oucome: nonevent  able o pobily province .share esposuce the ese resu: eficacious biliy parnership  ena of e .aime a paccl esu aher

reaao I rce tha theoretical purity: pragmatc .achieig poor results: upoductve • achieig o results: oproductive • based o actual results ex post facto reiain • combinin form: couter  con-aack) reiemen • deotig a perso who has retired from the ofce cited: emrtus rer • witty retor that comes to mid aer the chace to make it has goe: esprt de I'escaler rern • retur to fashio or suc cess: comeack revenge .act of reege reprisa retalato reversa .combinin form: dis  sam), u  n) revin • icitemet to rebellio sedtio .reolutioary uprisig: srrecto • sudde seizure of power: coup coup dta  cops 'a) putsch • dissatised ad rebellious perso macotet • perso takig actie part i a reoluto i surget • oppositio to revolutioar ies couterisurgecy reward • reward offered to ecourage greater effort: icetive .reward offered for capturig or killig a wated perso or amal outy r  er   • words addressed to a ab set perso or thg apostrophe  applicatio of oe word to to thers: zeugma  use of apparet cotradictios oxymoro .picturesque compariso simie • picturesque descriptio i which he object escribed is said to be the thig it resembles metaphor • costructio lackig its expected grammatical sequece aacoloutho • itroduc tio of a irreleat topic digressio • deice of metioig a subject by sayig oe is ot goig to metio t apophass • igeious gure of speech coceit • omissio of words

26 easily uderstood from the cotext elpsis  persoicatio of a abstract cocept: prosopopoea .opeig a ew setece by repeatg the last word of the precedig oe aadplosis • opeig a series of seteces with the same word aa phora .substitutio of a attribute for the thig possessig it: meoymy itotes • deliberate meiosis • use of more words tha is ecessary to coey the bare meaig peoasm edudacy

remism • rheumatism of the joits rheumatod athritis  teroid used to treat rheumatism hydrocotisoe

• youg rhioceros riners caf • rhyme betwee al rme stressed syllables: mascuie rhyme • rhyme betwee al ustressed syllables femiie rhyme .rhyme i  olig midlie words: tera • partal rhyme bewee rhme words wth differet cosoats para rhyme .ear rhyme betwee words haig simiar cosoat or  owel souds but ot both asson ace .false rhyme betwee words that look but do ot soud the same eyerhyme impeect rhyme • game of etig successie lies of rhymig erse cramo �ee lo verse rtm  umbers idicatig the rhythm of a musical score time sg ature • emphasied beat: doweat .uemphasied beat: upeat .dis placemet of the beat sycopatio rb • adjective: costal • betwee the ribs itercosta  uattached rib false ri oating ri  .ribbos o a hat cockde

rce • ice  the husk: paddy • rice eld: paddy • talia rice dish rs otto • Spash rice dish with chicke ad seafood paella • Middle aster

27

d I ve

rice dis wt spices and vegetables plaf

ri 0 get r o by passing on offload rige 0 dentng materials saped nto ridges and grooves: cogated natral ridge rom eac side o wic water drains into a derent river system wateshed rie lg tomtic rie cabe back part o a ie barrel beech sliding element o a rie's breec olt  rear end o a rie: bt lean ries togeter wit teir btts on te grond pile ams rie range btts mond or a target in a rie range bt see also g righ' rigts togt to be pos sesse by anyone: hma ghts rigts to political and social reedom and eqity cvl ghts cvl lbety prnciple tat  persons ave eqal rigts egalaiasm  eclsive rigt peogatve 0 enoting a rigt establise by long se pesciptve by rigt: de je 0 aving a rigt elgbe  rigt to enjoy dayligt in ones windows, nobstrcted by sb seqent bilding: acet ghts rigt o cross anoer persons land: easemet anoters rigt to cross ones lnd sevtde  eclsive rigt to pblis or se artisic mater ial: copyight igt to reject a decision mde by oters: veto 0 rigt to speak or collaborate wit woeve one wises fee assocato 0 rigt to epress ones opinions fee speech rstborn cid's rigt o sccession pmogete  rigt to vote fachse legal transer o a rigt: assgmet  person o wom a rigt is legally transerre: assg assigee 0 rerain rom eercisin a rigt: waive rh

 ong

 xay)

fors dexto  adjee dex

tal 0 rigt side o a sip as seen by one acing its prow: staboad rim  projectng rim: flage ring adjee ala ring or te leas on a dog's collar: tee leater ring or Sco's neckercie woggle  nger ring aving a sel instead o a stone sget g rng worn to eep a more valable one rom slipping keepe  plain rng worn n  pierced ear to prevent its closg p: keepe sleepe 0 ring nserted in te lip: labet 0 ring o mscle: sphcte ring o igt rond te sn or moon: aeoe cooa 0 colored ring seen in he cross section o a tree nk representng a year's growt aa g ree g ringing persistent rnging sond eard in one or bot ears tits ringworm 0 ehnial er tea peds rio 0 steal goods dring a riot: loot risk 0 risk nerent in a particlar activity occpatioal hazad  willing to take risks: vetesome  deliberate rsktaking: advetsm, bkmaship nding or risky projects: vete captal person at risk: maked ma  ealth or envonmental risk pose by microbiological eperimentation: biohazad pt at risk: impel 0 pt to ecessive risk oveexpose ria  admission rital iitato rital markng a new stage in life: ite of passage  secret ria: mystees 0 rita poring o liqid libatio riva 0 se o varios ploys to gain psycologica advantage over ones ri  vas: gamesmashp river onng for f1vo   jes flval, flvatle potamc vee 0 ice river: glace  rive owing nto a larger one tbtay place were a river begins soce tribtary joning a rver close to its

ve a I ad

28

  soce headwater • sma islan n a ie at, eyot, hom • sallow ie cossing ford  low am in a ie o eglae s ow wer  ee ie goge canyon • saigh sec o ie reach • ies wining ce meander • hosesoesae ben in a ies cose oxbow new chan nel mae o a ie cut ncion o wo ies confluence • aea o ogh wae case by meeing c ens rp • sech o as shallow wae rapds, whte water iang la aea, wih many seams, a a ies moh delta • wie aea o ial wae a a ies moh estuary • san ec_ eosie on a i be slt  clean o a ie be dredge  animals liing in a ie be nfauna  loaing beam esicing ac cess o  ie boom • y ie be wad sen ie oo spate oo moing ownie freshet  ig wae moing  a ie a he sing ie bore, eagre  ses lea ing on o a e in Inia ghat • insmen measing es ise an all fluvometer • ocials con ollng a ie conservancy  ie sie scaenge mudlark maing o ies hydrography • sy o ies potamology

river ank • adjective rparan  a along a ie bank towpath roa mao cosscony oa trunk road • scenc coas oa cornche • ban seasie oa esplanade, promenade • oa along high gon rdgeway  aise oa acoss we gon causeway i  ae oa leaing  o a hose drve  die assing a hose in a ce sweep • access oa servce road • oa eneing o leaing a al ca iageway slp road • sli oa o a  ehicle o o conol escape road oa nnel underpass oa on whch no soing is emie cear way • oa w no ex cudesac,

dead end • naow secion of oad botteneck congeson casing • oa aoiing a congese aea bypass, relef road • byass encicling a own orbtal road, rng road oa o oo ehicles carrageway, motoay mooways amacke ege hard shouder, shouder • Fench mooway atoroute ;  mooway in Gemanseaking conies autobahn • alian moo way autostrada mooway in Sanishseakin conies auto psta  oa wih a single exanse o  amac snge carrageway • wo  way ac on a single caiageway contrafow • si o lan beween aie caiageways central reservaton oad so ie dual carragway • gass a he ege o a oa verge oin whee oas mege o coss juncton • mlileel ncion wh connecing sli oas clovereaf juncton, nterchange • bige o one oa o coss anohe flyover, overpass • oa assing ne an ohe underpass  one oen sace wee seeal oas mee cr cus • oasie baie eening ac cies crash barrer • oa hm o limi see sleepng polceman, speed bump, speed hump sie camea oogahing seeng   eicles speed camera  chage sing a sec o oa toll  sie soing aea layby oasie esablishmen selling el ec fllng staton, servce staton, petrol sta  ton oasie esablishmen oe ing aking eelling, an esa an aciliies servce area, servces  • bel o land alongside a mao oad : corrdor • biling alng he sies o ; a oa rbbon development  ise in a oas sace owas e cene o asss ainage camber • ise in a  oas sace a one sie, o assis  coneing bank .ceae een sloes o oabiling grade • seeness 

, I

i.

e I cke �.    

of a rod: grade, iclie .small marker roecting slightly from the road surface sd .rased stri al· terng tyre nose when crossed rmble srp  metal grd oer a t in a road: cale gd .shar bend on a road: dogleg, hap bed .reect· ng road marker: Cas eye  secton of road marked off for a le of trafc: lae  lace where a road dides: fork  rad junctn marked wit yel· low hatchng: bo cio .earth led u to carry a road: embakme .water tunnel under a road: clve  rubble for road foundatons ballas, hadcore  sand and grael for road foundations: hogg .smooth at stone formerly used to surface roads: cobble  xture of tch wth sand or grael, used for surfacngroads: asphal  stones of graded sizes lad as a road surface: macadam  mture of tch wth stns or slag used for srfacing roads amac  ge a road a smooth rm surface mae p, meal, pave  to layer of a road sur face: weag cose  hole in a road surface: pohole  designer of roads brdges etc: cvl egeer .motor  ehcle clearng roads of snow: sowplogh  oercrowdng of roads: cogeso  charging to use roads at busy tmes: oad prcg  ocial rules for road users: Hghway Code .chldrens rules for crossng a road kerb dll robbery .robbery by breakig a smashadgrab sho window: .rbbery by drng nt a sh wn· dow: amad  robbery at gunont holdp  oen robbery when law and order breaks down: looig, pl der, pllag .lunderng and de sruction of a catured own: sack .attack and rob mg  e alo he obo  technique of makng and o· erating mechanical robots: robocs  technque of makng and eratng

lfelke robots: amarocs .con·  ert a roducton line to robotc oeraton: roboize rok .combining form lho, pero, le e. rsoi) .forma ton of rocks: peogeess  lare smooth rock bolder  onted rock: eedle  natural column of rock: sack  rock isible aboe the sur face: ocop  solid rock under loose deosts: bedock  rocks de osted by a lacier: morae .stee rockface: cag pecpce .rdge of rock in the sea eef  rock layer sram .curature of rock strata fold .strated rock samle ganed by a hollow drll: coe  break n a  a rock formaton: fal  crack m  denoting rockface: fsse unquarred rock: lvg  denotng rock changed by heat or ressure: meamophc  denotng rock formed from laa igeos  loose eces of rock on a hllside sc  ee  mass of snow ice, and rcks mg down a mountain avalache  lant growng on rock lhophye .re· mans of rehstorc lants or animals found in rock: fossl  rehistorc rock carg: peoglyph  study of rocks: lhology, perology .dating of rocks: geochoology roke .rocket uttng a sacecraft nto orbit: lache, lach vehcle  small rocket red for counterressure: eroocke, reroege  dameter of a rocke calbre  engned rocket section jettsoned aer use sage .rst stage of a rocket boose  rojecton mro· ng stablty: f  rockets curng course: raecory  suort for a sace rocket before take·off: gay .surface for rocket launchng: pad plafom  suly line between gan try and rocke mblcal  shoulder· held rocket launcher: bazooka  ece of solid rocket fuel: ga  re agent n a rocket engne: propella

d I f

 propulsve force of a rocket engne:

thust .rng of a rocket engne: burn � s ao spacecra ro  rod used for hand spnnng: distaf .rod turnng roastng meat: spt  rod strengthenng a framework etc: strut  rod sad to ndcate underground water by twtchng dowsing rod  bundle of rods w an axe, carred before Roman mags· trates: fasces roe  chef role ead  small char acter role: cameo  sent roe wakingon part wakon .perform two roles: doube rol .ro up and secure: fur Roa  ombining form Romano .Roman crcular audtorum amphitheatre  ghter  n the amphtheatre adiator  mock sea battle staged n a Roman amphtheatre or artcal lake naumachia  awnng shelterng an amphtheatre vearium  Roman obong audtorum: circus  Roma course for horse and charot races: hippodrome .Roman suare forum  ora) .Roman country house: vila  Roman unerloor heatng sys· tem: hypocaust  Greek and Roman storage jar wh two hanles and a ponted base: amphora .ether of two chef ocals of the Roman repub· lc consu  ofcal attendng upon these ctor  Roman magstrate wth absolute power dicator  bun de of rods carred before a Roman magstrate: fasces  Roman em· peror's bodyguard: praetorian guard  Roman ocal interpretng mens: augur haruspex  great publc sacr· ce at Rome: hecatomb  Roman household gods ares and penates  clan at ancent Rome: gens  n s) .commoner at ancent Rome: pebeian  Roman cten's forma overgarment toga  processonal return of a vctorous Roman general and hs troops triumph  Roman army dvson: egion .member of

00 ths: egionary  company com mander n the Roman army: centurion .Roman mtary unt of 6 cen· tures: cohort  summary coecton of Roman law: igest  rst day of a Roman month caends .md pont of a Roman month ides  ninth day befor ths nones

Roa Caoi • head of the RC church pope  senor RC prest who elects the pope cardina .prest n charge of an RC church or relgous insttuton: rector .RC parsh prest's house: presbytery  RC prest's cassock soutane .RC prest deputing for a bshop vicar  skull· cap worn by certain RC cergymen zucchetto  trainng college for RC prests seminary RC prest's book for daly prayers breviary .RC prayers commemoratng the ncrna· ton angeus  ocal teaching of the RC Church: magisterium .RC doctrne that the Mother of God was conceed wthout sn mmacuate Conception .RC Church's statement at a book s doctrnaly unobjecton· able: nihi obstat .RC Church's authoraton to prnt a relgous book imprimatur .RC relgous socety sodaity  voluntary donaton by Roman Catholcs to papal funds: Peter's pece  denotng a day on whch meat may not be aten maigre roof  roof formed by arches: vaut .roof wth four slopng sdes: mansard roof  roof slopng at the ends as well as e sdes hip roof hipped roof .part of a roof oerhangng the walls: eaves  ornament at the ape of a roof finia .supportng framewor for a roof truss  uprght post supportng the apex of a roof: king post  beam at the ape of a roof: ridge piece  uprght post support ng the mdpont of a roofs slope queen post  roof tmber running towars the apex: raer  horontal roof tmber: purin  horontal beam

rar I r

oose coils lake  denoting a rope pulled tight: taut  denoting a rope not pulled tight: slack  loop of rope: bght  interweave two ropes: splce  knot joining two ropes: bed  ind a ropeend to prevent fraying: whp  descend a rock face using a doule rope coiled round the ody: absel  meta pin slowing an aseiers rope: descedeur  crosspiece through a rope eye: toggle  curve formed y a rope suspended at oth ends: cateay  revolving cylinder for winding in rope: capsta, wch, wdlass  Tpiece for attachng a rope: cleat  strand of a rope: py  tool for separating rope strands: malspke  res used to make ropes hemp, jte  plce where ropes re mde: opewalk  re from old rope: oakum rosar  smal rosary with 55 eads chaplet  ead t which the Lords Prayer must e said: patenoster roe rose grower: rosara dec oration resemling a rose: osette  rosette on a hat: cockade ro  mg m sapr  that can e rotted: putrescble .rapidly spreading form of timer rot: dry ot  rot affecting damp timer: wet ot  rotting process putreacto  plnt living on rotting matter: saprophyte  organism feeding on rotting matter: sapotroph  rotten smeling: putd roaion  mg m gyroe os o )

roe  alternative rute: dverso  deviation from a diect route: detour  xed route folowed y  mlkmn etc roud .route over a mountan: pass gap .planned route: teray  prescried route for foreign aircrat through a nations aispace a cor rdo, a ay  sharp end on a route: dogleg  person diecting the route to e tken: avgator

02 rowin  light rowng ot for  singe oarsman: scul, sk .pair of oars for this: sculls  racing oats covered front end: cavas  steersman in a rowing oat: cox, oswa  oarsman next to the cox: stroke  sea for an oarsman: thwat  oarsmans footrest stretcher .support for rowing ots oar: rowlock  pin against which the oar is turned: thole, thole p  turn a raised oarlade paralel to the water: eather  circle of distured water from each stroke: puddle  make a ad rowing stroke: catch a crab  pul ors nto the oat: sh p oas roa  polite form of ddress to  roya person Your ghess .polite form o ddress to femle roylty: maam .femae attendant upon fe male royaty: mad o hoou  money voted annualy y parliament to the royal family: Cvl Lst mae assistant to a memer of the roal family equery r  mg m tibo .wear away y rung: abrade  ecome worn through rung: ray  eectric charge generated y friction: tboelectrcty rer  ecome ritte and inelas tic persh rdeness  atant or insoent rudeness: erotery r  Greek traditiona rug lokat  atwoven Turkish rug klm r  temporary contro of the al possesso  attempt to ring down the player in possession tackle  touch ground ehind te goa line wih the l: touch dow  this achieved ehind the oppositions goal ne: try  kick made aer position ing the all: place kck, set kck .kick given to a dropped al put  set kick awarded after a foul ree kck  indentation made to indicate the place for this: mak  feigned

0 ss or kick dummy kick mde by droig he bll oto the boot drop kck  gol scored rom this drop goal successul kick t gol ter  try converson  iteocked rrgemet o oosig orwrds scrum  srum ordered by the reeree set scrum loose srum with the bll o the groud ruck loose srum wih the bll o the groud mau rugby tems orwrds pack re eyod the itch side lies touch • retur to ly o  bll i touch throwin orwrds queue t  throwi ineout rugby liesm touch udge extr lyig tie er  iury inry tme order  lyer to leve the eld snd off  side rt o the lyig re wing  mtch tht is rt o  series betwee two tiol tems test match Test cobinig fors: archy le cracy  adjectiv hegemonic  re giol segoverme hoe rule rule by those showig bility meritocracy  rule by ersos o idier et blity medocracy rule by  select ew oligarchy • rule by  god or gods thearchy rule by the sses moocracy oclocracy  rule by me patriarchy phallocracy  rule by the obility rstocracy  rule by the old gerontocracy 0 rule exercised by the whole oulio deocracy rule by riests hierocracy  rule by religious ocils theocracy  rule by the rich plutocracy rule by  sigle erso autachy, autocracy despotsm dictatorship monarchy monocracy  rule by  sovereig monarchy  rule by  sovereig boud by he lws o the ld consti tutional monarchy rule by  sovereig ot boud by lw asote monarchy 0 rule by techicl exerts technoracy rule by two serte uthorties dyarchy rule by

ue

 ue

wome gynaecocracy matriarchy hrsh rule despotism, oppression tyranny

re  geerl rule guideline precpt  bsic rule principe  rues or socil behviour etiquette, protocol 0 rocedurl rules or orml occsios protocol  deotig  rule tht must be obeyed strict .deotig someoe who ollows or eorces rules exctly strct  situio where ew rules re observed roug and tmle  rules o boxig Queenserry Rules  set o rules to be ollowed i mkig  caculio or ollowig  rocess o logic algorithm rules or the grmmticl rrge met o words i  lguge synta ocil rules or rod users High way Code .rule book o the Su reme ourt Whte Book ocil esurig tht rules re ket referee umpire exemtio rom  rule dispensation dvocte o strict dherec to the rules purist sttg or eorcig rules prescrptive doe ccordig to the rules clean  situio with o cler rules grey area reri rom eorcg  rule waive gist the ruls regular bsece o rule or cotrol: anarchy rler cobining fors arch e. sia), crat sigle bsolute ruler autocrat despot dictator potentate  hereditry ruler monarch dynast  geertios o  rulig m ily dynasty  hrsh d oressive ruler despot tyrant ruler o  emire emperor e. mss) deotig  ruler whose title derives rom desce legitimate ormer ruler o the cetrl Ades Inca  ormer emeor o Austri or Germy kaiser 0 ruler o ciet Egyt: phar aoh  ormer viceroy o Egyt khedive ormer ruler o Ethioi negus former chie mgistrte t Geo d Veice doge  Nzi ruler  Germy fhrer  Nzi dstrict

04

ue  u goernor: gauleter .ormer ndan ruers: maharaja, raa e rani) nao nzam  ormer ruer o ran: shah  samc ruers ayatollah calph emr, hakm shek sultan  Fascs ruer o ay duce  or mer Jaanese ruers mkado, sho gu, tenno  Otoman ruers: aga ey khedve, pasha sultan .ormer ruer o Russa tsar, tsarna  Sansh mary or oca eader: cau dllo .Sansh or Poruguese mon arch's son nfante  Sansh or Poruguese monarch's daugher nfaa  seno magsrate n ancen Sara ephor  orme ruer o Tbet: Dalai Lama  erson hodng ower durng he ruer's absence or ncaacy: regent  ceremony o rownng a ruer coronaton  ruer's souse: consort  rue's order hang he orce o aw decree .ruer's arbrary command dktat .orena ruer's command: frman  remoe a ruer rom owe depose  remoa o a ruer by hs senor ocas palace revoluton  rung grou oowg a cou d'a: junta  grou o adsers o a ruer: cama rlla  oressed by hose n ower downtrodden  erson ou o aour wh those n ower whose exsence s gnored or dened: unperson  ab sene o any rues or ruer: anarchy  adocae o hs as a oca sysem anarchst r er2  ruer used or cacuaons: slde rule rm .rum dued wh waer ormery sered o saors grog rmor  ase oen macous rumour: canard • deberate sreadng o macous rumours to dscredt a erson whsperng campagn .source o rumours ush telegraph grapevne rn  sow run: jog  shor as run: sprnt .uncomee run or char

y etc: fun run  a runnng seed at the doule  run away wdy ot  shar mea on n he soe o a unner's shoe ske rne  runc ahabe: futhorc rnning .combining form drome e aindrom) dromous e a adromous) .rnner resonsbe or he ast eg  a ray race anhor man  ared rang or dsance runners fartek rs  ancked rush o a number o animas stampede Rssian  combining form Russo  Russan admsrae dison: olast  Russan ahabe: Cyrlc .ormer Russan arsocra: oyar  Russan asonaut cosmonaut  Russan beer kvass  Russa oen carrage droshky - Russan hree horse crrage: toka  Russian ca ayman cossack .Russan cade kremln  Russan aser desser pashka .one o  se o Russan ba bushka dos: matryoshka  e o he Russan emperors: tsar  e o a Russan empress tsarna  sar's ed es son tsarevch .sar's tsarevna  brmess Russan ur ha shapka  orgazed massace o Jews in 9hc Russa pogrom .Russan guar: alalaka .opon ent o the Communst urng the C War: Whte Russan  Russan ancake ln l bini)  ower cham ber o he Russa arame Duma  weahy Russan easan: ulak  Russan an: steppe  Russan rura summer resdence: dacha Russan beeroo sou ortsch  Russan srt made rom rye wheat or otaoes vodka .Russa ea urn: samovar .Russan knoed wh: knout  Russa woound oo  od Russan woman aushka

rst

 adjeciv ferrugnous

5s saboage  sabotage committed for ecological reasos: ecotage sak  bres sed to make sacks: hemp jte  sackig fabric made from tese hessian saramen .pricato ad admissio to te Crc: baptism  olem reewal of baptisma vows onfimation  absoltio for co fessed si confession penitence, econciiation  sacrametal com memoratio of te Last Spper E chaist, Hoy Commnion Lod's Sppe Mass  settig apart of clergy: odination, consecration  excage of marriage vows: maiage, matimony  litrgical aoit g: unction  Cristia ceremoies over a dyig perso ast ites sared  combiig form hieo sacred literate: hieoogy  iterpreter of sacred mysteries: hieophant  misse of sacred tigs: saciege sarie  great pblic sacrice  aciet reece or Rome hecatomb  sacrice  wic te wole oerig is brt hoocaust sadde  saddle allowig te riders legs to be bot o te same side of te orse sidesadde .secod saddle o a orse or motorcycle piion  saddle's proectig frot: pomme .loop sspeded from te saddle to spport te riders foot: stip  tis loop we made of metal: stip ion  strap sspedig te stirrp: stirp eathe sae  safe place: haven, sanctay  deposit for safe keepig consign

safe  safety switc i a locomo tive cab tat cts te egie less costatly depressed by te driver dead man's hande  safety mecaism activaed b macie faire etc: faiafe  oyacy aid for a perso i te wtr ifebet, ifebuoy, ife jacket, ife ing  resce or safety rope: ifeine  bag iside a motor ve icle tat ilates o impact: ai bag  deposit items for afe keepig: odge saiing  saildrive weeled ve icle: sand yacht  igmasted sailig sip tal ship .large mercat sailig sip windammer  sailig sips ster deck: poop  mast aft of te maimast: mizzen  masts crossbar: yad  rope below ts foot ope  diagoal mast spar: sprit  pivoted pole attaced to te bottom of a sail: boom  ropes to sppot masts or cotrol sails igging  ropes spportig a mast: shods  rope to raise a sal hayad anyad  rope at a sail's lower corer: sheet  rope sed to climb a sip's riggig ratine  woode block grooved for a sail rope deadeye  large treecorered racig sail: spinnake  eqip a oat wit sails ad ropes ig • sail rod cicmnavigate  sail's lower corer cew  (of a sail) be lled wit wid: daw  spread sails: make sai  adst a sail to te wid: trim  re dce sail size: eef, shoten sai, stike sai ake in sai  take dow a sail: stike  roll p a sail f  faste a sail nbend  deotig a wid i te direcio traveled favoabe  sail directly before te wid: n scd  steer closer to te

06

a I ae

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 wind: u change couse by turnig acoss the wind: tack change course by swinging the boom across a favourable wind gye change couse by swinging the boom across an advese wind go aout .denot ing a saiing vessel kept in pot by ad  vese wds: wndound zigzag couse necesstate by adverse wd o current: tavese .lack of suf cient wind to contol the boat sta device towed asten to lessen lee  way sea anchor saiing boats li able keel daggeoad

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• jective nautcal .odin ay saior: atng • saior steing te  vessel: hemsman • steesman wit

salor

 local knowledge binging a ship into harbou etc pot .ship's oce in charge of accunts and cabin sevice purser ships oce in charge of equipment an cew oatswan ships ocer in charge of naviga tion sang master .ships ocer responsible fo steeing ad signals ships clegyma: quatemaste chapan oce in chage of a ship captan captain of a mechant ship: maste oce second to the cap tan st mate saios bag dtty ag saios abiity to keep his bal ance and esist seasicess sea egs saio's cavas bed hammock dried bead fomey eaten by saios had tack shp's scut saios ceticate of competence saiors dance hornppe tcket decency disease fomey sueed by saios scurvy saior's im agined heaven Fdde's Geen saio's shot overcoat pea coat punish a pea jacket pot jacke saio by dragging him beneath the ship eelhau .rum diuted with  wae fomey seved to saiors saios skills seamansh gro .saio's tool fo uraveling op marnspke .saio's tie o spent ashore ey shore eave saios

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turn of duty watch saios shot  watch: dog watch saios turn a the helm tck saiors work song shanty sea robbe pate person  wihou seagoing skils: andue

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comining form hago • veneation of saints hagoaty, heoatry .account of a saints le hagogaphy .ligt ond a saints head hao nmus • pointed halo: mandoa vesca • declare a dead

sant

peson to be in a state of bliss (the rst stage in canonization) eaty .title bestowed upon  beatied peson: veneae .declare a person to be a saint: canonze peson argung fo a saint's canonization postuator peson aguing against a saints can onization: dev's advocate .part of a saints body or personal popety peseved fo veneation ec .feast of the saint afte whom one is named name day general feast commem oating  Christian saints A

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Sants A aows saad • salad of apples, cele ad  walnuts in mayonnaise Wado saad • salad of chopped aw cab bage, caot, etc: coesaw • salad of diced cooked vegetables in mayon naise Russan saad sauce fo a salad deng salad dressing of oi and vinegar Fench deng vn agee .tis with sasoned egg yolks mayonnase salad dressing of mayonnaise with ketcUp and ghekins Thousand Isand dressng

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sa  buk sale to etaies: whoe sae • sale of items to endusers eta • sale by mai ode o telephone drect marketng .sale of cheap second-hand items: jume sae

• sale of a cheape and puchase of a more expensive item tadeup • po motion ad sale of goods ad sevces: maketn ssessment of an item's sales potential: market reseach point at which goods are sold outet put a ticle into te maket

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07 launch, reease  iems oered or sale: wares  iem ouselling is com peors ma rket leader  iem sold a a loss o arac rade: lossleader  imperec iem sold o cheaply: reject, second   or sale: merchant able  period or which an em re merchanale: sheflife mains .conclude a propery sale compete  making sales y unsolced ele phone calls: coldcalling, telemarketing, telesales  sauory nerval or he purchaser o change his mind: coolingoff period  see aso sell samo  emale salmon hen  male salmon: cock  young salmon: fingering, fry, parr, smot  salmon n s second year grilse .Scand navan dsh o drycure salmon gravax sat  djective saline  sal waer brine .denoing he ase o such waer: brackish  denoing ood pre served in rine: corned .evapor aon pools or sea sal saltern .re move sal rom waer desalinate saute  deerenal salue: obei sance  dropping o one knee genuflection .lying la on one's ace: prostration savage  salvage iems rom ru ish heaps and dusins: tot same  combining forms homo, taut(o) .denoing he same age or ime coetaneos, coeval, contemporary  denoing he same een or meaning: cotermnous  denong he same knd: homogeneous .hav ing he same meaning: synonymous  denoing he same shape congruent  denoing he same size: commensurate  saying he same hing wice u in dieren words tautology samura .samurais code o hon our: bushido  samurais sword: katana  riual suicde required o dishonoured samurai: harakiri

a

 auce

sad  windlown sand: spindri .loose we sand sucking in oecs placed upon i: quicksand .mound o sand: dune  area o shiing dunes erg  rdge o sand in he sea: reef .low ree or sandank: cay .clean y pressurzed sand: sandbast sada .ligh sandal secured y a srap eween he oes: flipflop  such a srap thong sadawood  perume made rom sandalood: chypre sadwch  sandwich wihou a op layer o read: open sandwich  small open sandwch: canap  uf e o open sandwches smorgasbord satete  Soie aricial saellie: sputnik .large saellie used as a ase or manned space operaions space station  saellie relaying or relecing communicaons signals communications satellite .saelle oriing so as o seem n a xed pos ion: geostatio nary satell te  sael lie in an ori synchronous wih he earhs roaion: geosynchronous satellite  ground oservaion y sa ellie: remote sensing .esalish men moniorng saellie movemens: tracking staton  earh saions communicaions link o a saellie: uplink  saellies communicaions link wih earh: downlink satre  sairical picure: carcature, cartoon satsfacton  selsaisacion complacency, hubris, smugness  sasy o he ull sate satiate  ha canno e saised insatiable sauce .sauce in which ood is soaked marinade  sauce or a salad: dressing .hick sauce ino which ood is dipped: dip .hicken a sauce y oling reduce .reduced sauce:  us  sauce hckener: liaison  saued chopped vegeales or sauces: mirepoix  ne vegeae or

aucepa I Scaava ri pre: cols  sam sace base  ber and lr ox  sace  lr, ber, and milk: wte sace  s sace  ber, eggs, and vin egar ollandase sace mea sace  savry elly: tacklement  sace  ber wi arsley an len ice: mate d'tel btte  ceeselavred wie sace: moay sace ninlavred wite sace: sace sobse  sace  milk and erbs bcamel sace  sace wi egg ylks and arragn: Banase sace  sace  aes, gar lic, and live il: sac povenae pat sace  wie wine and n ins yonnase sace  Cinese sace wit sgar and vinegar r len sweet and so sace  Ci nese and Japanese sace  ermened sya beans: soy  sern Frenc sace  red cillies, garlic, and bread crmbs: olle  Indian sauce  spices and rmeric: cy Ialian pasa saces cabonaa, manaa, pesto • Italian sace  garlic, ca pers, ancvies, and il salsa vede  exican sace  nin, arlic, cri ander, and peppers salsa vede  sace  pred rasberries and icing sgar: Meba sace

saucepa dble sacepan r csards ec banmaie sausage  cnins ciled sas age Cmbeland sasage  large smked sasage made  varis meas bologa, polony  seasned smked prk sasage: saveloy  sea sned smked bee and prk sasage: fankfte  small n sasage: cocktal sasage  smal in spicy sasage cpolata German prk sasage batwst  Ialian pep pered prk and bee sasage pepperon  Ialian garlic sasage: salam  spiced Italian prk sasage: mota dela  Spanis spicy prk sasage cozo  sasage baked in Yrksire pdding: toad n te ole

08  savings rg in savigs creased tp economy of scale  savings g diversicain  p: economy of scope  carse wdsaw psaw saw  n saw r rnamenal wrk: fetsaw  nebladed macine saw  gsaw  rame saw wi a need blade acksaw • pwer saw wi an endless serraed steel bel: band saw  pwer saw wi an endless ed cain: cainsaw pwer saw wi a raing ed disc cca saw  saw wi a in blade streced in a rame: fame saw  small saw wi a srng back tenon saw  precing pin n a saw: toot  ads a saw's tee: set  sawn slit: ke  rame lding wd  be sawn: ose sawing ose  gide r angled sawing: mte box  persn w saws r a living sawye sayig wise saying adage, apo ism, apoptegm, epgram, golden le, gnome, maxm, poveb, saw  rie saying: bomde, clc, pla tde, tsm �see also emak scale  ajective sqamos scale r cild inelligence: BneSmon scae scale r earake inen siies: icte scale  scale r gen eral mvemens  prices ec: dex  mable scale giving sbdivisins: vene, vene scae  scale r wind velciies: Beafot scale mark  e degrees n a scale: calbate, gadate  relaing  a twelvetne msical scale: comatc  relain   eigne msical scale: datonc scales  astlogical term Lba scadal  seeking and pblicatin  scandal ab celebrities: mckak ng  deliberae spreading  scandal  daage a persn's repain: caace assassnaton scl ty cadiavia  Scandinavian gd dess  desiny: Non  Scandinavian

09

ca I c

•     • •  • •   ••  • • • • • • • • •  • • •   •     • • • • • • • • •  •  • • • • • • • • • • •  • • • •   •  •  •  • • •     • •    • • • •    •             •    • • •   • • •     •       • •   • • •     •  •  •  • medeal pet skad  Scandnaan dsh f dry·cured salmn gavax scar  scar n a heaed wund cicatx . iaris) schedule  alltted place n a sched ue slot sceery  combnng fom scape e.. andsap) .scenery and prp· ertes used n a prductn deco  scener furnture, and prpertes needed fr a partcular scene: set  pece f wdmensnal scenery prectng frm the wngs fat cou lsse  panted clth hung at the back f a stage ackdop  arced clth at the back f the stage: cycoama  gauze clth paue untl lt frm be hnd scim  dsmantle theatre scen· ery stke  area where scenery s bult and panted scene s op .n stage tem the than scenery and fur· nture popety pop scet  scented ltn fr use ter shang: aeshave  dred petals used fr scent: potpou   frm lwers etc used n scent·makng atta  perfrated cntane fr sweet·smellng substances: pomande scholarshp  djectve academc  academc schlarshp ffered by a sch r cllege exhton  schlar prcent n seeral dscp· lnes polymath, poyhisto  great schlar savant  grup f schlars wth shared ewnts schoo  djectve sholastic school  schl a whch ne was educated ama mate  dentng schls receng state fundng mantaned  dentng schls receng n state fundng ndependent  schl fr  ery yung chldren kindegaten, nusey, nusey schoo, playschoo  pratelrun fee·ayng schl pvate school  pratelyrun fee payng schl fr pupls age 7 13: pepaatoy schoo  prateyrun feepayng secndary schl puc

schoo  schl funded and cn trlled by the state state school  schl fr chdren wth physcal n· tellectual r behaural dfcutes speca school  schl fferng n· ense preparatn fr examnatns camme  schl where yung wmen are taught scal graces finshing school, cham school  schl run by nuns convent, conent schoo  nsttutn fferng eenng classes nght school  en· trance examnatn fr publc schls: Commo Entance .reductn n fees ffered t utstandng Cmmn Enrnce canddates say exhiion, schoashp  state schl re ceng nata fudng and free f lca authrty cntrl ga main taned school  state chl partally cntrlled and funded by a rel· gus denmnatn vuntayaded school  state schl establshed by a relgus denmnatn but nw funded and cnrled by the lcal au thrty voluntaymantaed schoo  state schl fr chldren aged 5 1 1 pmay schoo  state schl fr chldren aged 5 7: nfant school  state schl fr chldren aged 5 9: fist schoo  stae schl fr chl ren aged 7 11:  uio schoo  state schl fr chdren aged 9 13 mdde schoo  state schl fr chdren aged 11 18: sconday schoo seno schoo  state schl fr chldren aged 1 18 uppe schoo  schl n whch the pupls le durng term tme oadng school esidenta school  schl frm whch the pu· ps return hme each nght day schoo  selecte state secndary schl gamma school  secndary sch prdng facltes fr lca adults community coege .nn selecte secndary schl compehensive  secndary schl n cer· tan Eurpean cunres gymnasium  schl day runnng frm early

cece I Sco

10

                                                                                                                                              mornng to eary aernoon cotie ta day  unt of tuton tme: esso period  pup group: class form set stream 0 a for hdren n ther rt year of hoon: recepto cass  hoo' hort mdterm ho day half term eeat o abene from hoo wthout permon truacy o hoo eebraton wth peehe przegg, et speech day  hoo day deoted to athlet sports day 0 hoo punhment of beng kept n deteto  hoo pup wth dpnary dute: moitor prefect 0 hort experene of em poymen arranged for hooIeaer wor experiece former pup of a ho: aumus e. umn: . mni) 0 hoo nana manager bursar  reaxaton room at a hoo ommo room 0 teaher' ommon roo: staroom redenta unt at a boardng hoo house 0 woman n harge of domet arrangement at a boardng hoo matro 0 boardng hoo hopta saatorum  rent oa name for an approed hoo commuity home 0 (of  tate hoo) wthdraw om oa au thorty ontro: opt out 0 tate funded pae at an ndependent hoo asssted pace 0 regon frm whh a hoo' pupl ome: catch met a rea  t of pup attendng a hoo: ro 0 debar a pup from at tendng hoo expe scence 0 ene of the phya word: atura scece ene of ommunaton and utomat on tro ytem cyberetics  ene ued n rmna netgaton fore scs 0 prata appaon of en t doere techology 0 exe e fath n the apate of ene scetsm .denotng eent beyond the ope of ene: paraormal scentc equpment tube of ery ne bore capiary tube 0 nar row raduted ga tube wth a tap at

one end burette narrow ga tube attahed to a bub ppette  ga tube oed at one end test tube  narrowneked ga ontaner fas pped yndra ga on taner beaer  haow dh for u ture deeopment petr dsh 0 bel hape ga oer be jar  handhed ruhng mpement pes te 0 trong d for th: mortar  mal ga burner Buse burer  ontaner for tem to be heated erey crucbe 0 entated eno ure fume cupboard  weghng ap paratu baace 0 oed hamber wth eaedn goe govebox scssors 0 taor errated or pikg shears score 0 een ore at the end of a game draw scorpon 0 poon ereted by or pon veom cottsh 0 Sotth aent broge  Sotth bagppe mu for war or amentaton pbroch 0 Sotth beret: boet tamoshater 0 Sot th broadword caymore 0 Sotth word for hurh ir 0 Sotth or oner and pub proeutor procur ator fsca 0 Sotth dagger dir sea  fat Sotth dane ree  ow Sotth dane strathspey gorou Sotth dane Hghad ig  Sotth term for an Engh peron Sasseach  group of nter reated Sotth fae ca  mal Sotth farm cro 0 Sot th hng boat cobe 0 Sotth term for a at teemet 0 Sot th funera ong coroach  Sot th game of dng tone aro e curig 0 Sotth ratona harp carsach 0 Sotth word for a teep h: brae 0 Sotth mnter' houe: mase 0 Sotth hut: bothy 0 tte of a judge n Sotand sherff • Sot th ake och 0 Sotth and agent factor 0 Sotth andowner ard .Sotth term for ong ago ag

12

ea I ece

channe neck sound strait .area of sea surrouded by ice poynya .shallow sea roud a lad mass continenta shef .slop seabed be yod this continenta slope • ar row reio of especially deep sea trench ocean trench area of shal  low water shoa ride of rock, cora, or sad i the sea reef shoa salt water separated from the sea by a reef agoon area of rouh water caused by meet currets rip  widblow spray scud sea mist aimals ad plats livi o fret the seabed epienthos aimals liv i i the seabed infauna use of sea water for health treatmet thaassotherapy .display tak for uder sea e oceanarium measuremet of sea depths athymetry map of seas hydrography .chae i  wod sea levels eustasy equator ial sea with sudde calms dodrums diver's eclosed vessel for deep-sea observatios athyscaphe athysphere .uit of speed at sea knot perso amiliar with the sea anduer andsman .deoti a state without direct sea access andocked see ao navigation

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sea • you seal pup • seal fat uer • seals' breedi roud rooker seapane .lare seaplae fying oat searc .lo or arduous search quest • hopeless search wid goose chase • search thorouhly scour sweep • search disruptively ransack ife riffe root rummage

• remove

a perso's clothes ad search hi or her strpsearch search the seashore for articles of  value eachcom .search for mi eral deposits prospect search a river etc bed with rapels or ets drag search for uderroud water  with a Vshaped stick dowse

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season .combininform tide (.g uid)

seat .lo seat for several persos ench • hih-backed woode bech sette .church low-backed woode bech .lo uphostered pew bech· anquette .low backless up holstered seat ottoman pouffe   ve hicle

seat

with a ouded back ucket seat  vehicle seat with a lat back ench seat padded back or side of a vehicle seat squa perso show others to ther seats usher

seat bet

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locki uder im

inertia ree seaweed • combinin form phyco.lare brow seaweed kep .coarse brow seaweed wrack • Japaese ed ible seaweed nori • study of seaweed phycoogy second • combinin forms deutero) (.g Duronom tray th 'scond aw meta (g maan ua), su (g sub) • secod siature countersignatue sece .combinin form cryptopact pressure

(.g. crporam)

• secret ad disho • secret ormatio

est underhand of atioal mportace oicia secret deot informatio which may be divuled only to certai persos re stricted declare iormatio a ofcial secret cassiy backround ivestiatio of those to have access to ofcial secrets positive veing se secret told o trust curity check condence secret kow to may open secret release of secret or matio discosure .perso withi an oraatio who betrays its se crets moe threat to disclose com promi secrets i order to frce a perso to do as oe wishes ackmai secret trade i items ot ocialy avalable ack market secet or aizatio worki to frustrate or overthrow the reime underground secret oppositio oraatio i a

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1

ecea I e

occupe cunty: resistance • pe son abut hom itte s known: ark horse • secet pa: conspiracy • beef that an event esus fom a conspacy: conspiracy theory • house a a secet ocaton safe house • secet stock: hoar • gan secet access o conto: i nfi Itrate • n secet: su rosa secretar • secetay eang ith conenta ok: private secetay secret socetes • 18hc mys tca society: Rosicrucians • ntenatona secet socety fo mutua assstance: Feemasonry • Ptesant Afkane secet society: Broeeron .natonist Chiese secet socety n 19th centuy: Boxers • Chnse secet cmna gang: tong tria • Neapota banch of the Ma Camorra • Sican secet cmal an potca ognizaon: aia • US banch of the Maa: osa ostra . Cosa Nosta boss capo gofaher • S secet scey po motng Wite supemcy: Ku Kux Kan .fomay admit someone o a secet socety: initiate • sece poitca goup: caa securt • secuty gven fo a oan: coatera  peson he as a secuty: hostage sedment

• accumuate aye of sement: eposit • seiment pouce by eoson: etritus • se-

ment eposte y a gace: moraine sement epost n a ve be: sit • sement eposte at a ive mouth: eta see • abiy o see: sight • tha can be seen hough: transparent • (f a cone etc) fcut o see oun: in seed

• jective:

semina

• ebe

see of a peatype pat: puse • sees oute coveng: hu • pcy see case: ur .eongae see case: o • see sca: hium • coveng of

a fusee: enocarp • see's begnning to gow: germination • young pan ase fom a see: seeing

seemng • combining form quas sezure • sezue of a ebtos popety: istraint sequestraio sezue ae ega infngement: impounment sef • combnng form: aut) • segovenment: autonomy, autachy introspection • seexmnon:  sscency: autarky  attachng geat impotance to onese: egocentric egoisti • excessve alkng o thnkng bout onese: egotism • exteme egotism: egomania • cheey se sef-confdent conent jaunty sefcontro .ackng seconto: intemperate sefs .obsnatey sesh: sefwie • unsesh concen fo he goo of othes atruism se • seing by unsocite pomotona mangs: irect mai • seng

by senng out unsocite tems an then emnng payment f they ae not etune: inerta seing • seng hough a hieachy of agens: pyrami seing  manactues ect sae to the pubc irect marketing .put a ew pouc on sae: aunch • se sma tems: ven • se goos by assocaton (e.g. nscbe sweatshts a a pop concet): merchanize • se a avaabe sock: se out • se moe tems than ae avaabe: overse  se ones stock pemses ec: se up • se ega gs: pee .peson ong this: peer .se fom house to house pee .peson ong hs: pear • se aboa: expo • se items at cheap ates to be  of them: se o • se goos aboa a a gveaay pce to manan thei home pce: ump .o pcng to foce compeitos out of the make preatoy pricing



ee eea

 mscellaeos tems sol as a t: jo ot  rate at whch stocks are sol a replace turnover  epleto of stocks e to ema downurn .freqe reprchase ecorage by procto of ew moels se of o rable materals etc panned osoescence �see also market, sae seer, trade seller  com for monger  traellg salesma commercia traveer, representative  perso sellg from oor to oor hawker, huckster, pedar  perso sellg frt etc  a treet market: coster monger, huckster  perso sellg pples for boats a shps: chander  salesma's solcte st cod cal  salesma's persase patter: pich .sbtly persase sales techqe so se  aggresse sales techqe: hard se .former seller of qack meces etc at fars mouneank �see also market, sae, sel , trade seme  adectve semina spermatic  male sex cell  seme sperm ( sam), spermatozoon ( spm aozoa) .cot of spermatozoa  a measre of seme: sperm count  ececy of sperm cells  seme oigospermia .atral ejecto of seme: ejacuation emission  erotc ream casg a oltary ejaclato wet dream  trocto of seme to the aga other ta by sexal tercorse artiicia insemination  perso rog seme for ths donor  place where seme s store tl eee for art cal semato sperm ank sed  se o: foard eior citize  adectve edery  state allowace pa to the elerly od ag pension .former aoal Sags certcae aalable oly to pesoers: granny ond � see also od age

14 sese  commo sese: mother wit nous  sppose tte faclty sixth sense .stmlato of a sese mpresso away from the pot stmlate: synaesthesia .form of sesory percepto: modaty  epre f all seses: insensate, in senie nsentient sentence'  setece cotag eery letter of the alphabet: pangram .setece that tals off complete aposiopesis  setece cosstg of oly oe clase simpe sentece  setece compose of seeral smple seteces: compound sentence .setece ctag oe or more sborae clases: compex sen tence  part of a setece that cotas he erb pedicate  arrageme of wors to make a correct setece syntax  create a sytactcally correct setece: constrct  aalyse the sytax of a setece construe parse setece  prooce a jcal setece: condemn  setec of sperso  the commty: proation  sm of moey to be pa as a pshmet: ine  ema a sm of moey as srety for goo behaor ind over .prso setece to be sere oly po reoffeg: suspended sentence .reco of a prso setece for goo behaor remission .eotg a prso setece to be sere smlaeosly wth aother concurrent  facts preste to ecrage leet setecg mitigation .recto of a jsetece appeal cal po cmmutation  eotg a setece that has ot bee legally ahorze: extrajudica .lst of oeces wth seeces crretly eeme approprate tariff .free from a setece prdon � see also punishment setimetality  setmetalty  msc or art kitsch, schma tz .tearflly setmetal maudin, mawkish

15 sentr • sent's ca for the password chalenge separate  separate and distinct dscrete • separte on grounds of sex, race, or religion: segregte sequenc  in unbroken sequence: consectve • in proper seqence: seram .sequence with gradual cnge of items contnm seres • interconnected series: con catenaton .repeated series cyce • relaed series of artworks cyce  series of events each triggered by its redecessor: chan reacton • series of shops, hotels etc owned by one company: chan sermon  colection of sermon: homary • biblical etc passage upon which a sermon is preached: text   see also preachng servant • chief servant in a large household: maordomo steward • chief female servant hosekeeper  chief male servant ter • ser vants distinctive uniform very .liveried servant: footman flnkey ackey • miitary ocers servant atman • mans persona ser  vant vaet • Cambridge colege ser vant gyp • Oxford colege servant scot • female cleaner char charwoman • domestic helper povided by a local authority home hep .junior publicschool boy who acts as servant to a seor boy: ag .ndian servant operating a large ceiling fan: pnkah waah srvilt • showing serity oseqos .make a calculaed display of servility awn sesame • paste made from sesame seeds: tahn • sweet made from ses ame seeds: hava set • set of items tting inside each other: est • set of items folowing each other  a xed order seqence • set of reated items: compendm

 I 

• set of simar items grop  atch

of goods consgnment settlement • use of a third party to negotiae a setement conclaton • recourse to a third party who adjudi caes a settlement artraton settler • ealy settle poneer • in coming setler: mmgrant .person leaving his own country to settle else where: emgrat emgre seen .ombining fom hept(a)e. pon) sept() • aeie septenary • athletic cones with seven evens for al competitors: heptathon .sevensided re: heptagon  sold gure with seven faces: heptahedron • group of seven hep tad septenary • ensemble of seven musicians, or music for them septet  one of seven offspring born at a • having seven birth septpet parts sepupe • verseline of seven fee: heptameer • occurring eve or lasting for seven yeas: septena .sevenhundredh anniversary septcentenary sevent • person in his seventies: septuagenaran severe .make less severe mtgate palate sewng .rough sewing with arge stitches: tackn • sewing together of assorted cloth fragments patchwork • sew over a raw edge of cloth over cast overock oversew • sewing mking a decorative gri across the clot: qltng .sewing gathering material into sma tight peats • parael smockng eastic theadwork used in smockng: shr • woman skied at sewing neede woman seamstress sempstress • sma case for sewing items: hose we adys companon ncessar .conainer for sewng items workasket workox  ngerpotector worn when sewing: thmle .shop

ewae I exua acvy

seling sewing requisites haberdasher  tems use in sewng no tions sewae

.lqu sewage effuent  ppe or he removal o sewage sewer  place where sewage s reate sewage farm, sewage works pt or sewage cesspt cesspoo septic tank  excrement n a septc tan septage  sewer system an ts mantenance sewerage sex  anmal or plant havng oth male n emale sexual character stcs hermaphrodte  o, or appear ing to elong to ether sex androgynous epcene  or persons o either sex unsex  or, or conssting o, persons o ether sex mxed  person Emtonally an physiologically esr ing to elong to the opposte sex transsexua  person ervng pleas ure rom ressing n clothes appropr ate to he opposte sex transvestite  external sexual organs gentas  male reprouctve u: semen  remove the testicles  a male an mal castrate ged neuter .remove the ovaes o a emale anmal spay

neuter sexa acivy  adecves cr n venerea  avoing sexual activ ty cebate chaste continent

 person who has never experence sexual intercourse virgn  nul

gng n all sexual actvty pansexua .evocatve o sexual actvty sug gestive  sexual activty wth pre caions against Ais safe se  e notng sexual actvty perorme wthout a conom unprotected  sexual activity regare as a source o power sexua potics  crminal expotaton o sexuality vce  per son easly shoce y mention o sex ual matters pude  unhealthy nter est in sexual matters prurence  lieralzton o western socety's at ttue towars sexual activty sexua revouton  generalize sexual e

16 sire excte an grate in many ways poymorphous perversty  anormal sexual activity: paaphia  socialy unacceptale sexual actv ity peversion  pont n aoles cence t whch sexua activty ecome possle puberty  age at which vol untary sexual actvty ecomes legal age of consent  point n mile age at whch sexual actvty eclines cimacteric  emale anmals perio o sexual receptvty heat oestrus season  emal anmal's pero o sexual inactvty dioestrus  eer's annual perio o sexual actvty rut  sexua esre ibido  act hntng sexual interest pass  ntene to arouse sexual esire provocaive tititing  elerately provoe sexual esre wth no ntenton o satsying it tease  aress a person n orer to oer or request sexual avours ac cost, propositon .entce nto sex ual actvty seduce  casual ac quantance mae or sexual purposes pickup  ault voluntrly partci pating n sexal actvity consenting adut  person pa or sexual a vours prostitute  rght o a eual lor to sexual intercours wth a vas sal's rie drot du segneur mar rage partners' rght to mutua sexual relations conjuga rgts  sexual intercourse as the completion o mar rage consummation .have sexual relatns only wth one's partner be fathfu  e unatul to an esta lshe sexual partner cheat  en gaging in casual sexual relationshps promscuous phianderng  sexual actvty etween those too closely re late to marry ncest  sexual nter course etween a marre person an someone not their spouse adutery  sexual actvity etween three per sons troism  oler woman's youh ul male lover gigoo  egn sexual interest frt  lrtatou woman coquette  arousing sexual esre

17

sexua acy I haow

eotc  item of clothing etc as obect .person ho is sexually attracted to of desire fetsh 0 sexual activity pre ards children paedophle  sexual ceding intercourse foeplay  sexual activity beteen a boy and a man stimulaion by touching or caressing pedeasty  boy ept for sexual prpeg  this stopping jus short of poses catamte .person engaging in intercourse eavy peg  mutual anal intercourse sodomte .sexuoral genital stimulation soxate- ay unfullled fustated  sexualy euf  stimuation of the female geni- unresponsive fgd, cold .denoting tals by tongue or lips culgus a man unable o achieve erection or  sensitive to sexual stimulation e orgasm mpotet  containing expliogeous, eotogec  selln ct descriptions etc of sexual activity caused by sexual stimlation tumes adult adcoe  srong sexual de sire ust  insatiable sexua appetie cece  excessive sexual desire eotomaa moments of ntense in omen ympomaa .insaiable sexual appetite n men lecey, genital pleasure clmax, ogasm  sexual pleasure from inlicting or satyass  drug food or drn suffering pain algoaga  sexual thought to stimulate exual desire  drin thought to pleasure from hurting others sadsm apoda .sexual pleasure from atchin the stimulae sexual desire phltre .sex sexual acivities of others yeusm ual intercourse coto, cotus  sexual inercourse ith premature  sexual pleasure from atching urin- ithdraal of the penis cotus iteation uolaga, uopla  sexual uptus, oasm 0 sexual inter pleasure from ones on pain or huprolonged by avoidance of masocsm miliation  sexual course pleasure from rubbing ones clothed eaculation cotus esevatus  sexecobody aganst someone in a crod fot ual intercourse ith corpses pla  crime of forcing another to tage  being tied up for seual pleas have sexua intercorse ih oneself ure bodage  hipping for sexual ape  done or happenin aer sexpleasure flagellato  sexua stimu ual intercourse postcotal  device laion of ones on body auto orn by a oman to mae sexual eotcsm  manual stimulation of intercourse impossible chastty belt te genitals mastubato, oasm  injection of semen into the vagina  oral stimulaion of the penis fellato other than by sexual intercourse at sexual pleasure obtained via com- fcal sem ato  sdy of human puter technology cybesex  printed sexual activity sexology 0 study of or visual materal aimed a erotic sexual love eotoogy 0 Hindu rea stimuation poogapy .denot tise on sexual technique ama Suta ing midly pornographic material  Ie gal term for sexual intercourse acy, ttlatg  sexual activty that caal kowledge .disease conis disapproved o devace  person acted through sexual activity veho is sexually aracted to members eeal dsease  crime moivated by of his or her on sex omosexual sexual jealousy cme passoel l  person ho is sexually attracted to ims passionns) � se also cota members of the opposite sex eteo- cepto, omosexualty, elatosp sexual person ho is sexually at tracted to members of either sex s .canvas sunshade over a ambsexual, bsexual  person hav shopfront etc_ awg ing a sexual relationship ith some s  observers shado proone much younger cadle satche ected onto clouds Bocke specte

hake I hare

• saow's pale ege penumra

.lmios ao ro a saow o fog: anhelion shake • sakig case by a mpact shock shape  cmbnng/rms morph(o)( mp), form ( vmi m) morphic oid ( mi) .ark sape o a ligt backgro: silhouette • takig ma sape: a n thropomorphic • ability to regai sape after istortio: elasticity share • sare yielig ariable iies: ordinary share • oriary sares of a compay equity • sare yelig a xe ie preference share .Britis goermet irre eemable xeiterest secrities onsols • Britis goermet reeemable xeiterest secrities: gils • goermetisse bos etc government paper .sares offering a garatee ie gilts • appy to prcase sares suscrie .eotig sares trae o a stock ex cage: listed quoted • eoting sares cosiere a safe iestment: lechip • eotig a sare isse attracting more prcasers ta ca be satise: oversuscried • eotng a sare isse were some stock remais place undesuscried • istittion nertaking to by p sc stock underiter .prce of a sare we isse nominal value, par • crret price of a sare to a iestor: offer price • crret resae price of a sare from a estor: id price • sares promisig icrease  ale rater ta ig icome growth stock • sare of little crret wot bogt i oe of a imroemet: penny share, recovery stock • igprot grisk secrities: jun k o nds  sares bogt ow bt elere a pai for later futures long stock • optio to by later at a price agree ow put option • pro sioal certicate of sares pr

38 case scrp .list of a iestor's sares: porolo • sares etc owe: holding .compay capital erie from sares: share capital  part of compay prots istribte o saeoes dividend • ts pai o less ta a fll year's traig: inteim dividend .eclare or pay o ie: pass .certicate entitling a sare oler to a iie: dividend warrant  ratio of e to crret sare price: dividend yield  rato of iie to total compay prots: dividend cover • eotig sares prcase wen a iie i abot to be pai: cum divdend • compay's offer of ctprice sares to crret sareolers rights issue, scrp issue oportity to by sares at a faorable prce share opton .op tio tat may itself be bogt a sol traded option • compay create to cotrol oters wose sares it ols: holding company • sare byig compay sellg to te pblic sares i its wole porolio invest ment tust, unit trust • raw maeral as a obect of speclatio: commod ity • compay's isse of sares to pay off ebts: recapitalization  byot of oe compay by aoter: takeover • eotig a takeoer resiste by its  ictm: hostile • compay's repr case of its ow sares: uyi n • pr case of te maority of a compay's sares: uyout • tis effecte o bor rowe captal: leveraged uyout • byot effecte to force a byi: greenmail .rigt to ae rst re fsal o sares preemptive • offer sares for sale for te rst tme: float, go pulic issue •  a byer for sares: place • by back  sares i pblic as go private • remoe sares from traig: delst • rece sare ales by issig more witot icreasig assets dlute .lottery e to assig oersb scribe sares allot   ae of a 

319 shae at the end of a day's trading: losn pr • rise  shae vlues: lly • sdde colapse of the vle of shaes: rs • deotig a market with fg prices: so k • steep r  sha values followed b a col lapse: bubb • deotig shaes hav ig a steady price: r • deotin a maket wih steady pices: r • specuator who sels shaes  a ticipatio of a price fa: br • specator who bys shaes i n ticipatio of a price rise: bull .deot ig shares sold fo a later delivery date: sor • seg o shares while the price is high: profttkn . specator who bys ew shae isses for a qick resle: st • op of specators byig shaes idividualy with a vie to, later co certed actio: onr pry • unob usive shae puchase throug om iees: osn • specator who beets o curecy dispaitis by buyig shaes i oe cony ad sell ig them  aoher: rbtrur • possessio of the mority of a company's shares: ontrolln ntr st • holdg givig his: oln sr • hostle attempt to pchase a coog itrest   atempt at this by ealy morig byig: n  • sae adig o the basis of priveged formatio: ns l• sl of shaes: sposl n • shae maet stok xn stok rt • perso byg and seing shaes for himself: lr .aget for he sae and prchase of shaes: brokr stokbrokr • fe chaged for sch work: brokr • ocia cotolig a company's i vsets: n nr . gue i icatg he average positio of s ltd shas: n • geer idex of Aerica sha prices o on s nx • gera idex o Japas shae pics: k n • gera ix of Hog Kog shae prics:

hare I he n n nx  see alo nvstnt stok xn

shar

• combnng

oxy • shapess of a picre: fnton • metl shapess: uty • sarp projectio: sn • sharpe ith a whetstoe: on sh • shed feathers or fr: moult • shed a outer ski or she: slou • sheddig ts eaves auy: e uous form:

ovn • femle sheep: sheep: r tup • young sheep: lb  casrated mle sheep: tr • wether ledi the ock: blltr • sheep hat has bee shor oce: srln • sheep i its secod yea: t  gop of sheep: flok • sheep's divided foot: lovn oof • sheep's ammary glad: ur • sheep's wooly coat: fl • greasy sbsance o is: sunt  sheep's matted ool:  • total wool sheaed fom a lock  oe seaso: lp • sheep disease of the cetra ervous system: srp • sheep disease ucerating hoofs ad moths: foot n out ses • bacteria disease of sheep hoofs: foot rot • sheep disease afectig h ski and lgs: ntrx • inamatio of the udder: rt • ct o a sheep's witer coat: sr • imerse sheep i medicamets: p . shelter for sheep: fol • sheep meat: on • sheep-rearer rr • perso i chag of sheep: spr  lad o which sheep are pastud: splk . (of a dog) chase ad attack sheep: orry

sh

h

• adjectve:  • male

• shet

for a corps: srou  light mtalcoate sheet etaig heat sp blnkt

he'

. combiig forms: ono • stdy of molsc shs: onoloy • tortois's had shel: rp  seahel hat may be blown like a

e I p

tmpet on  caved o coloed decoaton of sells sms shell" .sell emitting smoe etc so tat its cose ma be taced te .fagments of an exploding atile sell spnel shellsh . sells tat attaces it self to ocs lmpet shelte  camoaged selte fo bidates etc e  selte fo a ca aving a oof bt no as pot  selte fo catte ye  gond depession sed as a selte fom gne fooe  selte fo seep fol  einfoced ndegond selte: bunke shepherd  adete buol .de noting a seped constant moving to es paste nom sherry  pale d se fno  ve d se mnnll .da medimseet se olooso  lage se glass soone sheld  sield beaing a coat of ams esuteon .nob in te cen te of a sield boss, umbo .Roman legionaies' oof of lned sields tes tuo  sield against Xas on b doctos etc pon shne  so sine luste  sinng n te da lumnous  aving no sne mt shp

 adete

mne, mtme .sip design nvl tetue  sip caing goods egte

.feigte ong to no xed ote tmp  sip tanspotng coal ol le  sip eqipped to ca liqids n b nke .sip poviding a egla sevice beteen to points fey .xios passenge sip lne  sip eqipped to emove mines mneseepe .old sip stipped of ttings ulk  sailing sip it bans of oas glley  Spanis sailing sip geon  sip bilt b Noa k  ancient asip

320 wit to les of oasmen on eac side beme  ancient asip it tee bans of oas teme  ae caft aving little displacement at speed skmme  gop of sips fleet, flo tll  gop of sips tavelling to· gete onvoy  nao bt deep fomation of sips olumn .sip destoed at sea ek  denoting a sip it ll openings alloing ve icles to dive on and o ollon oll off  plan giving access to a sip gngplnk .ope beside a sips ganga o lade mn ope  sips pointed font bo po  spa n nng ot fom a sip's bo bospt .sip' onded ea sten ail ond tis tffl  on te side of a sip bem  denoting te font o a sip foe  denoting te ea of a sip , sten .le side of a sip as seen b one facing its po pot  igt side of a sip as seen b one facng its po sto  distant pat of te visible sea ofng  side of a sip selteed fom te ind lee, lee  side o a sip exposed o te ind n  on te otside of an sip outbo .fom a sp nto te ate ovebo, ovese .looot post atop te mast o's nest .sip's tempoa mast uy mst .ligts song a ip's pos tion nvgton lgts, unnng gts, elgts .small boat ca· ed on a sip olly bot  smal cane fo loeing a sips boat vt  stong cane it a pivoted am ek  lne panted on a sip's side to so pemitted sbmesion levels lo lne, Plmsol lne  sip's side above ate feebo  top of tis gunle  gnale ole to let off dec ate suppe, suttle  main pat of a sip itot spestcte o ttings ull  loest intenal po tion of te ll lges .lengtise beam at te base of te ll keel  stcte fastening oo timbes to

321

sh  I sh

th keel: klson 0 chef ber etc n he bow: stm 0 ce ansese st rsg fro he keel: ri  sectoner  a shp's h: bu  0 ea between hese ompt mnt orward part of  shp below ecks forstl fosl  shp's cago aea ol 0 packng to steady a shp' cargo: unnge p o a shp blt aboe he h: suprsu tu  hp's ktchen glly 0 rate roo on a ship bin  speror cabn: stteroom  bed on  shp: brt mmok  shp's stern ec: oop

urtrk  opening  a shp's deck: t  rae boder ron a hatch om ing 0 so stone or ceanng the eck olyston star between a shps ecks: ompniony  sp' sall inow: portol 0 porhol' protecte coer dlgt  ship's leaning o he ercal: e list rk

 he ateral placed in a shp's bige to ge sabt blls (of a shp) rock fo ont to ac p  (of a shp) roc fro sie to de: roll (of a ship) twist fro sie o se y  (of a shp) alt om to (of a shp)  wth water an snk founr 0 goscopic eice recing a ship's rlng sbiizr  hosing for a shps copass: bin nl eice to keep the copass leel gimbl eection of a ship's copass by ion n t ship viion netale a ship's agnetc ed: guss 0 ece for aking berngs of a ditan object: plous  dtyroo for ose i charge f a ship: rig 0 hp' steern wheel: elm, l 0 etcaly hnge ap for steering: rur  ship's secondary propeer sed n anoering: tust  lage stern or sde wheel propelng a sp pl l iect he steerg of a shp on shp's foard otion y  make hedway gainst he crent:

sm rate of heady rd  a ship t swer the hel s  0 ship's ackwa n strny  drectn take by  p: ours  ship's eiatn  corse de to wind or current: di shp's recod book ournl, log

 lt of ebers of a sp's coany: mustr rol lst f a shp's cargo bl l of ling  lst of a sp's pssegr, crew, and crg: mft  cleryan serng a ship: li  person attendng to pangers' nees: str  person hng n a  in order to tael wo  stoy 0 ax wdth  a shp: bm depth of water neeed by a shp rugt 0 trail o dstrbed water le bhnd a v shp: k s 0 pale y ps nd boats: nvigl 0 adle warng to shps n fog: fogr  weght  a sips caro g  plae allotte to a ship n a dok tc: t  hp's hck oorng rop:  sr short thick pos to which berthe ship is td: blr  ove  shp by plling on its anchor: dg  oe a shp by pllin n a rpe atached t he shore r  g r place on oar a ship mbrk leave or reoe fro a shp smrk  secre a shp to an anchor or and: mor 0 noor a shp st ff  sheltered anchorag: ros 0 lac her shps ay oor and ld or nloa ok uy   as)  nload a shp: isrg  wharf owner or anager ge  wrker loadn and nload sps stvo 0 place where a ship y be boarded: tty ling stg  pad hng oer the sde as a shp approaches te docksde: fr  repare a shp for ts rern joney: turn round 0 dealer n shps sp pls nlr sip nr lace where shps are b r rped kyr 0 for

hwrec I hoo bldng and repang shps spy  make a shp operaonal: om msson  ake a shp o o sevce: eomsson, y up hre a shp for a p: te .jorney by shp or he rgh o make  pssge  shp's schedled voyage: sng  oca record of a shp's jorney: og  prze awarded o he shp makg he fases easward commercal crosng f he Alanc: Bue Rn .nase cased by a shp's moon: sesnes  llegally seze conrol o a shp: k  desrcon of a shp a sea spek  decorae a sp wh ags overall ess  shps regsraon abroad o avod srngen regaons g of onvenene  s also o sng

shiec  delberaely snk a shp supe, sutte  denong a shp  anger of snkng or wreck  ts  shpwrecked person: st y  hrw from a shp ettso  crgo rown overboard fom a shp o lghen  in a sorm etsm  cago shed overboard fom a shp fosm  cago hrown overbod from a shp b marked wh boys e fo aer rcovery: g  recvery of a sbld shp or s cargo svg  recovery of a wecked or abandoned shp svge  loa ed o ase sen shps sson hir  slope on hch a shp s bl spy spy .shp's exensve vehal: eft  frame sp porg a shp o of waer: e stoks  rn a shp on s sde for cleanng: een  make a shp waerh by sealng seams n he hll uk  shellsh aachng self o a shp's hll: ne  framework sspended by ropes for orkng on a shp's sde: e .char ss pended y ropes for workng on a shp's sde: otsn's  oa  shp fo he rs me: u

322 shock  shock ha may case lasng psychologcal harm tum  elecrc shocks admnsered o rea menal llness: eetoonvuve tepy  shockingly sensaona: u � shock no acy: sun shoe  shoe wh perforaed decoraon: ogue  shoes wh very hck soes: ptfoms  soe w a hck oodn sole: og  baby's so shoe: ootee  woman's lgh lowc shoe: out soe .lgh canvas shoe wh a plaed bre sole espe  lgh rbbersoled canvas shoe: pmso"  shoe wh a rnedp sole: mo sn  rbber overshoe: gos  shoe's ndersde soe  pper fron par o a shoe vmp  shoe's renorced ron toep  back par of a shoe: ounte  leaher rm rond a shoe: et  smal e a he end of a shoelace get, tg  srp of leahr ec nder he laces of a shoe: tongue  heavy nal srengheng a sole: on  sharp meal pon n he ole o a rnners sho spke  meal pae on a apdancer's shoe: tp  ball shoe wh srenghened oes: ponte soe  hn hgh heel on a woman's shoe: setto  exra nner sole: nsoe, so  crved nsr men easng n he hee soeo  block o keep a shoe  shape soe ee  shoerepa shop ee   shoemender: oe  shoemaker's shaped block st shoo  shoo growg from a plans roos ec: suke  shoo prepared for lanng or grang: son, sp  clmbng plans shoo sed o gan sppor: ten shong  person sklled a shoong: mksmn  member of a shoo ng pary: gun  shoong a an arcal arge: tget pte  mond for a arge n a shoong range: ut  hrown shoong arge: y pgeon  dog raned o fech sho game: eeve, gun og  shoo a from a

24

Sbera I Sk

Sberan • Siberian nomads ten yurt Sclan .secret criminal and poli ical organization Sicilian in origin Mafa sckle • adjete falcate sckly • sickly person valetudinar ian sde  adjete lateral • m g fms: gon, sded gonal • (denoting a) threesided g ure triangle, triateral • (denoting a) foursided gure: quadrilateral • (de noting a) vesided gure: pentagon, pentagona .(denoting a) sxsided gure: hexgon, hexagonal • (deno g a) sevesided gure heptagon heptagonal . (denoting an) eight sided gue octagon, octagonal • (denoting a) tensided gure decagon, decagonal • (denoting a) twelvesided gure dodecgon, dodecagona

• naval siege: lockade sege • rise a seige: relieve seve .corse sieve: rddle  mg fms opto, sght opia, scopy ( mcoscoy) adjet optic, optical, vsual • dis tance one can see eyeshot, vsiity • abiity to see (only) distant objects clerly: long sght, hypermetropa, hyperopa, presyopa  inabiity to see dstant objects clerly: short ight, myopia, nearsightedness • iabiity to see peripheral objects clerly: unnel vision • inabiity to focus on the whole of an object astig mtsm • perception of depth gained from binocular sight: stereopsis .measurement of a persons eld of vison: perimetry • assessment of yesigh and correcion of it s defects: optometry  abiity to see in the dark: nght vision • inability to see i he dark night lindness, nycta

opia .area visible field of vision • seeing everything: panoptc • al leged abilty to see what others can not clairvoyance, second sght • delusory sight: halucination .drug causing this hallucinogen .at rst sight prma face • sight test usig rows of letters Snelen test �see als coour lindness sgnal • bell rung as an alarm: tocsin .noisy rework used as a dis tress or warning sigal maroon .light or re set in a high place to convey a sigal eacon • brght sig nal light shot into the air flare, Veey lght  international rado distress signal: Mayday • raway signal for the next section of track: home sgnal • railwy signl giving advance wrn ing: distant signal • signal transmit ting several messages sultaneously: multiplex • sigalling system used by boomakers assistants: tcktack • signaling system based on lags handheld in various positions: semaphore • sigalling system based on  combinations of long and short  lashes, marks, or sounds: Morse .lamp used for sending Morse code messages Alds amp .signalling system based on lashes of relected sunlight: heliography • denoing sig nals based on discree values of a ·  physicl quantity: digita • denoting  signals based on variations in a ical quantity analogue • uality of incoming eectronic signals:



t

reception

sgnatre • sigature given as memento autograph • second ture: countersignature  person has written his siature: sgnatory signee . lourish after a siature paraph • counterfeit a forge Skh  Sikh scriptures Adi Granth, Granth Sahi • Sih reli1 gious leader guru • male Sikh�



s I sn

commercl poject status  prevous sitution stats quo ate .confused stution: mboglo, mae's est . dfcult stution plght, staits  perplexing stuton dlemma, pedcamet  sttn offerng no pot: dead loss  sitution permittng no proges deadloc, mpasse, limbo stalemate  denog  stuton n whch whtever is ged by one sde is lost by te other: zeosm  n n extemely dfcult stuton: i extms  uncompling ccept nce of the current stuton qetsm  feelng, when n  new stu ton of hving experenced t bfore: d vu ix  combinin fo hexa sex sxsded gure: hexago  sold gure wh sx fces hexahedo  ensemble of sx muscns or musc for them; sextet  perception by  sxth sense extasesoy pecepo ie  reltve se popoto  unusully smll sie dwafsm ixy  denotng  sxteth nniver sry damod peso n hs sixtes sexageaia kaing . choreogrphed ce skting ice dacig  e of ice mde or preped for sktng k  skters jump with  turn n the r lutz  movement mking  pttern on the ce: figue keleon  intenl skeleton: edoseleto  extn skeleton exoseleto  study of the skeleton osteology k  single ski for both feet: moos  ski bicycle sbo  ski lt pung skies up slopes: dag l  cbin on  suspended sk lft godola  sk slop wth compctd snow piste, u .esy sk slope usey slope  mchine mking rtcil snow nd blowing it onto  sk

326 slope; sow cao, sow gu .rtcl sk slope dy slope .drect oute down  slope fall le  crosscountry skng laglauf  denoting skng wy from ocl runs opste  king with scens mde by helcopter helisig  sport of being dropped by pchute befoe skng paasg  sking while pulled by  horse or dog sog  sk  rc down  windng course slalom  denoting  sk slope or resort lkely to hve snow sowsue .distnce beween the hghest nd lowest points in  sking e: vtcal  pdded skng tousers: salopette  denotng the soci ctvies nd entertinment following  dys skiing apssi kid  skd n whch the wheels e seprted from the ground by  lm of wter aquaplae  skid turnng n ticulted vehcle bck on itself: acf kill  mbinin fom shp e samansip)  intutve skl; apti tude, gi, talet  pctic sil: owhow . mteur dbbler n some skl dlettate  beinnr in  skl eophyte  peson highy skled in  prticulr eld: expet, specalst, vtuoso  eson petending to hve  ski chalata  denoting  middle skil level itemedate .lckng skl iept .ds ply of skil, or opporuty for t showpece  eld n which skl is shown specalty, sphee  combinin fo dem, kin demat(0)  adective cutaeous  outer skin: epdems  inner skin dems  skn on the top nd bck of the hed scalp .nims skin pelt  ppernce of fcl sk complexio  sml deprsson  the ski dmple .fold of loose skin t the throt dewlap  torn skn t  ngernil roo hagal  ded skin t

327 he bse of a ni utl  ded skin in he hir nu, su  hrough he skin putnous • under he skin: subutnous  beneh he skin: ypom, subutnous . oily subsnce rubbed ino he skin ontmnt  coseic king he skin r nd sooh ton .subsnce pplied o he skin o ke i ook helhy onton  subnce h soens he skin mollnt  skin pigen assising sunn mlnn • uour of elninforing cels: mlnom lck of skin pigenion lnsm  sll surfce opening on he skin: po  open sore on he skin ul  pch of hrd skin llus, llosty  sll hrd benign skin growh t . skin bubbe led wih seu bls  puslled bliser pustul  pi ed rk on he skin pok, pokm • bleish on he skin: nvus, mu, tgm  skn bleish pres en fro birh btmk  sll drk bleish on he skin: mol  ple sreks on he ski n due o previ ous seching stt mks  drk skin pches in he ged: lntgo lv spot, snl multon • reovl of skin bleishes by elecric he ltolyss  sone usd o reove hrd skin pum ston  blueinged skin due o poor circulion: ynoss • red swollen rk le by  blow l  t  redded skin re s . reddening of he skin fro irri ion ytm  inion fro skin rubbing on skin nttg .yelowing of he skin n • browning of he skin fro exposure o sunligh suntn  skin in ion or peeling fro overexposure o sunligh sunbun • reddening of he skin fro exposure o wind: nbun  deep reddening of he skin fro bceril infecion yspls .iply se of he skin wih hirs erec gools, goos pmpls

k I k

 hickskinned  pym  discolorion of he skin fer bleed

ing: ymoss . sudy nd re en of skin diseses mtology • skin disese of dolescens, wih blck pusues n  rised ed pch on he skin nvus  ropicl skin rsh pkly t  ropic skin disese leving deep ulcers ys • skin disese wih lrge red pches nd feer yspls, St Antnys f c k rsh of purple spos pupu  skin disese wih red ichy scly pches: psoss • severe skin disese, cusing deforiy lposy • swolen red and sore skin, due o irriion mtts • severe ich ing of he skin: pugo, putus .congios skin disese wih circu lr ichy pches ngom  con ious skin diese wih sll red ichy spos sbs  iching blisers on he skin m  ulcerous skin disese lupus . skin disese of hiry nd woolly nils mng  r of hrd skin on  oe: on • horny growh on he skin ktoss • skin rk le by  eled wound s  exree dryness of he skin: xom  skin oinen: blm, blsm slv . cre proecing he skin fro sunburn sublok  cos eic reoving ded skin cels xolnt  coseic iproving fcil skn  mk  pk  pse of full ers erh o do his mu pk  p prus wih lps for nning he skin: snb  srip off he skin ly, lns  nurl shedding of  skin yss  ke show incisions in he skin s . rk he skin wih n indelible design tttoo . surgicl reovl of ouer lyers of skin mbson  shedding of  skin sloug, yss • cheicl process convering n nil skin o leher tnnng .nned ni skin   oug ouer skin of pork, ceese, or frui n

328

skes I ow

ktte .lt wooden dsk thrown n skttle s ku • combnng orms pl o  djece pl rnl ku s  ybol of moty: t's  • font pt of the kull: snput • bck pt of he kull: oput • pt of the kul con tining the bn rnum • tns vese utue of the skull: oronl sutur • kul cty connectng wth the nsl cvtes snus • pce be twee the pt of n its skul fntnll . skn co the top nd bck of the skull: slp • centc tudy of skul zes nd shpe rn ology . such tud suppoedly indi cting chcte nd menl bly prnology • boe  hole in he kll fo ugcl pupose: trpn trpn kulcap  skullcp won by cetan Romn Ctholc clegymen u tto • kullcp won by me Othodox Jws yrmulk ky • ky wth ow of sm cloud: mkrl sky • denoting  y coveed wth gey cloud ovrst • bghtness of the nght ky ove bultup e skyglo an • slg used by  ptc group rgot at  ngled  louvr ave • djece svl • elese fom lvey mnpt mnumt • emnced slve frmn ede • hoedrwn ledge slg • lght cng ledge: lug • mechancy teeed cing ledge: bobslg • lopng rck fo tobog gning: rn ee  combn ng orms ypn r somn • shot lght leep: o np • sleep tken in the ht p of the dy sst • leep lsing though he wt: brnton • seep ltng though he umme: stvton • slee wth deaming

nd eye movement slp

proxl rpymovmnt slp

• hlow

leep induced by ugcl nethe tlgt slp .denot ing leep tht s eily dstubed: lgt • denng leep not esly dtubed p vy soun • inbilty to eep: nsomn .peod of keepng wke dung sleeptme vgl • inclned to leep rosy smnolnt • tendency to f leep in elxng uoundng nrolpsy • leep longe thn ntended: ovslp .cung leep: somnfrous somnoln sopor • dug inducing sleep: nrot stv .ening whle sleep ypnop . (eemingly n  deep leep ormn • leepwlkng somnmbuln notmbulsm . leepke stte n whch the ubject obey instucton ypnss eepn ckne

.cn ly cuing leepng sckne: tsts ce .thn lce: slvr p of te onue • slp of he ongue thought to eve the spekes tue thoughts: Frun slp an • epeted logn mntr ln  combnng orm oe • downwd slope lvty • upwd lope: lvty • teep lope srp • steep lope t he end of  plteu: srpmnt soulr . o n  wd slope of  od etc_ grnt • de slope of od: mb .slope of  tge o udtoum: rk .de noting  lope tht  mot vertc sr • teepne of  lope grnt pt • cete  even slope by ethmovng gr  ke dg on oute coss slopng ond trvrs • inrument mesuing  lops teepne: gromtr .u veyo instumen for slope lnomtr • combnng orm bry I ow • Chinee system of low execses 

oa I oc  ey snosp . mass of sow ice ad ocks movig dow a motai v  sow o he uppe pat of a glacie rn nv  altitde at which sow s foud snoln  device fo wakig o sow snoso  mot ehcle fo tavellig ove sow snoobl . moto vehicle clea ig oads of sow snoplou • mache makig aticial sow ad blowig t oto a ski slope sno nno sno un soak  soak thooughly i a liquid prnt sturt sous stp  soe by soakg i a liquid rt  adective sponous soap  aeated soap gel ouss  e deed fat used to make sap tllo soccer  ea maked ot befoe the gol plty r, pnlty box  poit withi ths om which pe alty kcks ae take pnlty spot • sde pat of the playig aea n  tempoay cotol of the ball posssson  attempt to kck the ball whe a oppoet has t tck . popel te ball by successive small kicks rbbl  deog passg play whee each paticipat kicks he ba oce ontou  passig play betwee two paticipats ono  feied pass o kick uy . shot made with he head r  pe vet the ball eteig oes ow goal sv  goal scoed by kockig the ba ito oes teams et on ol  kick made afte psitioig the al pl kk st kk kick made be foe the ball has touched the goud voly .lie of defedes fomig a bae to the ball ll . foul delib eately committed fo stategc easos profssonl foul  ode a playe to leave the eld sn o . ca show to a playe beig set o r r  kck made with u bet egs sssor kk . set kick awaded ae a foul fr kk .set

330 kick awaded te the ball has bee kicked ove the goal lie ol kk  aea beyod the pitch side lies tou . e to play of a ball i touch tron  exta playig time ae  a ijy nury t  tied scoe esolved by pealty kicks pnlty s ootout soca  socially coect o I fut  social ules o custom tutt  social blude  fux ps  socially iept u  de otig a socially codet peso ff  l  x outon suv  so  social cial skills svorfr climbe rrvst prvnu . socially  social otgoig peso pestige t  peso who has e cetly gaied this prvnu  gai ig social status uprly obl  losig social status lss  people of good social stadig n try  cut o fom oes social oigis rnt rn soca ok • scial wokes po jects slo  deotig a commty-based social woke   t • peso equiig o eceiv ig the atteto of a social woke s  ecod of such a pesos situ atio ad teamet s story  dscussio of such a peso ad his eamet s onfrn • socialis advocatg socas gadual chage Fbn soce  bining or soo e. sococonoc) domiated trry society • male-domiated society ptrry  deotig a society havig few moal estictios prssv . goup thought to have a hie but pevasive cotol of society t Estbls nt  coce fo the poblems ad ijustices of society sol on sn  social a moal tios of socie ors .lack of these no • pesuae o compel someoe to accept the pevailg so-





  

:



ouo

oud

soluo .denoting a soution that cannot be stenghened futhe: stutd • weaken a soution by adding futhe liquid: dut solve • able to be soved: sou solve .univesal sovent sought by alchemists: kst • strong solvent attacking most substances: qu g somewha • omnng form su-

( subctc)

so  djetve f sog • song in taditional popula stye: ok song • song of estabished popuarity: stndd • smpe song:  • accompanied song in an opera etc  . song to send a chid to sleep uy • gondolies song:  o • sailos wok song: snty • song of paise o triumph pn • Renaissance secua patsong: mdg . Geman atsong: d ( lede) • mpovised West Indian song on a topical theme ypso • wods fo a song lys soo • djetve ugnous sore • open soe on an intenal o extenal body surface u • soe on bedidden peson: dso dutus u sorrow  djetve dooous sor • omnng form  ( new come) . sot by quaity gd tg soul .transmigation of the sou mtmpsyoss soud  omnng form ud pon(0 )  sono pon y  djetv oust son • sound of fequen cies that humans cannot hea: ut sound nsound • pleasant sound: upony • unpleasant sound: opony • sweetsounding: mlunt muous mo modous • bief high sound: pp • continu ous low sound: don .sound con taining many fequencies of equa in

2 tensity: t nos • aially generated sound fo use in a pefom ance: sound t • claity of sound: dfnton ous • height of sound: pt . srength of sound voum • quaity of sound: tm .denoting sound below te equied pitch: t . denoting sound above he equied pitch: sp .denoting sound mech anicay captued geneated, o repo duced udo . denoting electonic aly poduced sound dopon • sound patten deived fom du ations not pitches ytm .sound patten deved fom pitched du ations tu n • device conveting sound waves into electica signas mopon • room equipped fo sound ecodng: studo • denoting sound ecoded and epoduced via a single channel: monopon monu  denoting sound ecoded and repoduced via seveal channels stopon • denoting sound e corded and epoduced via two sepa ate channels nu  denotig sound ecoded and eproduced via fou sepaate channels: qud pon • signal distinction in a steophonic system spton • combination of sevea sound chan nels: mxng . steeophonic epro duction system with speakes al round the listene suound sound • device conveting eectical signas into sound waves: spk .cack ling or hissing noises in a speake stt • denoting mechanicay cap tured or reproduced sound and vision udovsu . stip at the edge of a  on which the sound is ecorded: soundtk • pinitie sound e corder nd plye pongp .quaity sound epoduction: g fdty • slow pitchditotion of ecoded sound o .fast pitch distotion of ecoded sound: utt • device anaysing sound into its fe quency components: sound spto

333

up I Su Arca

 devce

 adecties

baancing varous sound frequences: gap al  devce suppressng unwanted sound waves ft .range of sound nten stes a partcar system can repro duce: ynam ang  freestandng components of a soundreproducton system: spaats  turntabe and pckup mechansm: k  vertca arrangement of soundreproducton unts: stak  transfer recorded sound from one medum to another: b .mue a sond source amp .make mpervous to sound: nsat  devce bankng out unanted sound nsato, son onton  board paced to reect sound: sonn boa .unt of sound strength: b  voca sound made wth obstructed breath: nsonant  voca sound made wth unob structed breath: vo  sound made by the cose cojuncton of two vowes: ptong  name for the n dente sound oen made by Engsh vowes sa .make an h sound aspat  study of voca sounds: ponts  vsua record of sound sonogam  buoy equpped to detect underwater sound: so no boy  de vce detectng underwater objects by reected sound puses sona .um nescence ected by the pasage of sound: sonomnsn .makng a rch or resonant sound sonoos  study of sound: osts

outh onal

 cear soup: onsomm soup  cod consomm: man  thck soup: potag  meat or vegetabe soup thckened wth ceres: bot .rch shesh soup bsq .spcy meat soup: mgatany  ched soup of potatoes eeks and cream: vysos .qud used as a base for soups: sto  concentrated stock: fmt .arge covered dsh for servng soup: tn

South Amerca  South Amer can coak havng a hoe for the head pono  South Amercan cowboy: gao  South Amercan dance musc wth eements of jazz and rock: sasa  fast South Amercan dance: paso ob .vey South Amercan dance tango  South Amercan ds sdent who dsappears: sapaao  South Amercan magstrate or mayor ala  South Amrcan grassy pain: pampas  South Amercan tree yedng qunne

gap

 drawng source sources: 

upon

many

astal, m

South Afrca  South Afrcan bar becue baa  open bush n South Af rca: bn bsv South Afr can natve cub k, knobk  South Afrcan term for a ford:   open grassand n South Africa: vl . sma h on the ved: kop  South Afrcan term for the rura hnternd bakv  South Afr can dentty document Book of Lf  strps of dred and sated meat as eaten n South Afrca: btong  South Afrcan mners dance gmboot a n  South Afrcan term for a wooded rne koof  Soth Afr can natve spear: assga  back woods town in South Afrca: op  South Afrcan tradtona heaer: nyanga sangoma  South Afrcan whp: sambok  veranda n South Afrca stop  tradtona South Af rcan vage: kaa  South Afrcan wagon encampment aag  South Afrcan of Dutch orgn Afkan, Bo  Protestant Afrkaner secret socety Bobon  Afrkaner term for an Engshspeaker: roonk . reactonary whte South Afrcan: vkampt  progressve whte South Afrcan: vgt  former South Afrcan pocy of raca segre gaton: apat, oo bar �see also apat

334 '

oee I paceca non

• Spanish

conqueror of

South America: onqusto

soveregn

• adjectve



.po lite form of address to a sovereign sovereign's state n You Msty signia  . sovereigns orna menta sta spt sovereigns ceremonial chair ton . sve eigns period of rule: n . sover eigns representative in a Common wealth country Govno Govno sovereigns representatie Gnl in a colony: voy ( vcn) sovereigns representative in a county Lo Lutnnt heory that sovereignty is graned by God, not by the monarchs subjects vn person claming a ht of kns right to the throne ptn per son havng control during a sover eigns minori absence, or ess nt potto  persons atendng a sovereign out sut sword ca ried before the sovereign on state oc casions so of stt denotg accommodation n the sovereigns gift  n fvou klling a so ereign 

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Sovet • Soviet polite form of ad dress tovsh • Soviet youth organ izaion Komsomo Youn Pons • Soviet colective farm: kolkoz

• Soviet worker achievng exceptional output knov • Soviet party

ofcia ommss . Soviet secret police KGB . ther Moscow head quarters: Lubynk Soviet forced labour camp u Soviet Jew not alloed to go to Israel fusnk .founder-member of the Soviet com munist party Bosv Social Democrat opposed to the Bolshek Mnsvk Leninist system of cen tral Party control mot ntsm iluential Pary members oding key posts nomnktu . hed of a pre1946 government de parment ommss Soviet ad ministrative division: obst local

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or naional elected council sovt artistic norms promulgaed under Stalinism sost sm Soviet economic imperialism nnzeconomic and politial refom ton under Gorbachov psto opn government policy of Grbachov snost diplomatic and propaganda oensive between the West and he Soviet bloc o  sudy of Soviet politics KmnSoviet artcial satelite ooy sputnk � see aso ommunsm

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soa • soya bean curd tofu spa • rom at a spa where the aters are dispensed pump oom space • adjectve st . space occupied by somehing voum • space entrely devoid of mater v um • surroundng area a person likes to keep empty pson sp

• space

having more than hree di mensions ypsp, sptm space havng more than four dimen sions supsp . expedition nto space msson nternaiona petition to explore space sp  smal particles distributed through out space: osm ust . dust clod n outer space nbu spposed nonlumnous maerial n space k atomic nucleus taveling m through space at high speed osm y region n space haing an in tense gravitational eld bk o magined boundary around this vnt ozon hypotheical expand ing celestia object t o creaure from outer space n

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xttst

n mn • study of le forms in space xobooy • chemistry of space stomsty • smal spacecr spacecraft sp psu • smal spacecraft for  moon ladings un mou .un manned exploratory spacecra pob

• spacecraft



capable of several jour neys su alins spacecraft y

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335

acecra I Sah

 spacecraf

manufacure and echnlgy: rsp  fcal unelng f a new spacecraf: llu  suppr fr an unlaunched spacecraf gry  area n wch a rcke r spacecra sands fr launcng luh p  base frm whch spacecraf are launche: sppr  send a spacecraf n s curse luh  successful launch: l, lf .spacecraf launch fr a speced desnan sh  rssage rcke f a spacecraf s  speed a whch a spacecraf ercmes gray sp vly  rcke pung a spacecra n rb luhr, luh vhl  spacecraf's dr hh  space cras wnd vpr  space craf's a array f slar cell p  spacecrafs elecmmuncans lnk wh earh l  se cnaned un n a spacecraf: mdul, p .weak gay n a spacecraf mirgrviy  spacecrafs repeaed ellpcal curse ri .pu a spacecraf n rb r rjecry: j srt  aleran f a spacecraf's curse made by means f he graanal pull f a celsal bdy: sgy  spacecrafs secndary engne fr rb adjusmens: hrusr .jn n space wh anher spacecraf  .acs perfrmed n space usd he spacecraf: xrg sur

vhiul

v s,

sp

l

 deachable mdule carryng fue nd

supples srv mul .manned spacecra's cnrl cmparmen: mm mul .persn ralling n a spacecraf su .asrnau's pressurzed su Gsu  Russan asrnau: smu  scans f a planes suface cndued frm space rm esg .spacecraf's eurn  he earhs amsphere rry  spacecrafs selfdesruce landng hr lig  spacecrafs landng causng lle

damage s lg  spacecraf's landng cnac wh earh uh  spacecraf's landng n waer: splsh  see also r spade  p f a spade blade where he f s placed rmp Sanis  ombng fom Hisp  pansh pl frm f address  a marred wman sr  pansh ple fr f address  a man   pansh ple frm f address  a yung wman s  pansh mlary r plcal leader udil  pansh mnarch's sn: f  pansh mnarch's daugher f  pansh nble f he hgh es rank:   pansh genle man hlgo  pansh magsrae r mayr l  pansh Amercan day laburer p  pansh cnquerr f Mexc r Peru: qusr  pansh sailng hp gl  palace n Mrsh an: lzr  pansh landed esae: h  pansh rrgan dece f buckes n a wheel: r  lely pansh dance lr  pansh sl dance: huh  pansh curshp dance: fg  pansh dance wh casanes flm  pansh lgh pera: zrul  pansh game played wh baskelke rackes pl  pansh wman's lacy headscarf: mll  pansh saury snack: ps . chlled pansh egeable sup gzpho  pansh dsh f seafd in a rch sauce zrzul  pansh rce dsh wh chcken and seafd pll  pansh spcy prk sausage hz  pansh spcy sew l, l p r  pansh drnk f red ne wh lemnad fru and spces: sgri  pans rd ne: i  pansh blendng sysem fr sherry and madira: s  egendr pansh seducer D Ju  ansh fesal is  ansh bulgher n f

336

aer too

 Spanish

mounted bl gher: too  Spnish bull ghter killing the b: to .matador's mounted assistant: po  public burnng of a heretic by the Spanish Inquistion: uto    student of Spanish l. auos da language and culture: Hspnst

e

sanner

. cylindrca spanner  ting over the nu: box spn .ad justable spanner wn, onky

wn sare art

 dismantle

a machne to supply parts for another nnbl

z Sarta

 senior

magisrate in an cent Spara: po  sef in ancet Spaa: lot

sea  speak at a meeting ontb ut  speak in a slow, daggng way wl  speak fas and unintelgbly bb  speak clearly: nunt  speak at lengh xptt  that cannot be spoken nbl  tex spoken for copyng down tton seaer  skilled public speaker oto  persuasie and uncrupu lous orator: ou bblous . speaker's makeshf pla form sopbox  person speaking on behalf of others: puty, psnttv spokspson .person who speaks oo much box flbbtbbt seang  combiningform: pon e.. fancophon) . art of public speakng otory, to speak ing readily or persuasely tult, lunt  speakng lile ttun, ts  syle of enunciaton: ton

sear  light sea vln  long spear ln  hree-pronged sper: tdnt  spear shot at whales: poon  spear hane  secfc grvt  apparatus meas urng a lqud's specc gravty yot

sectaces

 spectacles

supported by a nose clp pnnz  close tng spectacles wth sde shields ols  central lnk between spec acle lenses: b  ngle eyeglass: ono .pa of eyeglasses on a long hanle: lontt  spectacles wh combined enses o gie near and fa ison bols  spectacles whos lenses allow an nite number of focusing distances vos  denoting spectacles without bfoca lenses snlvson . lenses placed dectly on the eye: ontt lnss

seec  combining forms loo pono, Iou e.. diaou) loy, ps, pon ecties: lnul o  ably to express onesef n correct speech oy  temporay

ablty to speak n a language nor maly unknown to the speaker: lossoll  understand speech om lip  moemens: lp . vsua record of speech: vopnt  speech sound made with fu or pata stoppage of the breath ononnt  speech sound made without stoppage of the breah vowl  smallest uni of speech sound pon  study an classcaion of speech sounds ponts  study of phonemes: pons  inabilty to express speech due to loss of voce: pon  naily to express or undersand spech u o brain damage ps .endess speech: looo  psychologcally caused meaningless speech dysll pp  practce of clea speech: louton  speech wth n voluntar soundreettons stn stun  ggressely abusve speech vlton vtpton  lenghy and aggessve speech nu t  ber verbal aack: tb, pol  boas speech: fnfon, ooont  aecedy eaborate speech: upus  crefly evasve speech uvoton  exaggerated





337 yprbol • fast slick speech: speech pttr, spl • speech that sounds pressive but  fact says lit tle: rtor • aggressive nterrup tion of a speech: kln . lengthy speech sayg little vrbton, vrb, vrbosty • speech ski ly craed to mipulate or mislead: rtor • meagless speech ouspous • persistent hortatory speech nn • persuasive speech loun . pompous speech: rnloun, orotunty • speech ll of praise: nomum, uloy, pny • ramblg or indrect speech pprss . ramblg but impassioned speech rnt • sanctimo nious speech nt s tediously wordy speech: prolxty • wordy an evasive sech rumlouon  denoting luent but inscere speech lb de notg luent and cessant speech: volubl • denotg akard and hesitt speech tlt • deotg speech uttered for soci rather th informative purposes pt • exces sive correctness  speech, leadg to error yprorron . loud and forceful tone of speech strny, vofrton . form of speech particu lar to one person: olt . form of speech usg many infom terms: sln . form speech: orton • speech made  a church service: srmon • actor's speech hen one on sge: sollouy • person speak g a cer anguage: pon (e_g_ anopho) • beginng of a speech: xorum . n part o f a speech prorton • deliberatey prolonged speech: flbustr • speechs basic message st • syle of speakg:  lvry, louton • choice of ords  prln • non-lexica speakg: componen of speeh prlnu • a of eective speaking or itg rtor  trsmitte by spech orl • verb emphsis: strss  not sg speech: nonvrbl • sythe

ee  e sizer imposg speech paterns onto music sounds voor

seed

• bining

or t• speed at hich  object c de gravity sp vloty • objects maxmum possible air sped trmnl vloty • ratio beteen a bodys speed and the speed of soud n the surroundng medium ,  numbr • denotg a speed less than that of sound: subson • denotg a speed qua to that of sound: son • denotg a speed greater thn that of sound suprson • denotg speeds close to that of sound: rnson • de notg a speed ve times that of sound: yprson  strong air re sistnce to vehcles approachg the speed of sound: son brrr soun brrr • noise heard hen a vehicle exceeds the speed of soud: son boom • device dicatg a passg vehicles speed: rr un  onboard strument measurg a vehicle's speed spomtr . onboard  strument mesurg  enge's speed rv ountr tomtr •  sument recordg enge speed torp . automatic reator of  enges speed: ovrnor • com fortable d economical speed for long disnce travel sn sp • de notg an area havg a speed limit rstrt . denotg an area havg no speed imit rstrt • road hump to limit speed slpn pol

mn, sp bup sp ump • break the speed liit sp

• roadside

camera photographg speedg vehicles: sp mr • clandestne record of speeg ve hicles: sp tp  device recordng the distance aveed d speeds achieved by a motor vehicle o-

rp

sen  system of speig, or its  of a ete sd oropy cluded  a speg pronounced sln

but

not

338

ped  p

sped  spend ess omz, rt sper  ogan podcing spem tsts ( testes)  tis ogan and its sstem o dcts tstl  dct con eing spem om te testice to te eta vs s  aicose eins on te spematic cod vol  cont o spem in a mease o semen spm out  decenc o spem ces in semen olgospm  sbstance kiling spem spm-

 sphere qate o a spee qu spce  spice made om ntmeg m  owee oangeed spice pp 0 peoated containe o aomatic spices pm spder  age a spide t tul  enomos Ameican spide bc do  spides ogan pod cing te tead spt spi  adjecte oty  spinning sensation ss vrtgo spin ning deice sepaating sbstances o dieent densites tug  pin sed in spinnng spl spach  spinac i n Geek cisine spo  spinac in ndian cisine

sg spe

 otwad

cate o te spne yposs  inwad cate o te spine looss  atea ca te o te spine soloss  cati age dispaced in te spie slpp s  bnde o nee bes en cosed in te spne spl o  in ammation o te spina cod mylts  dsease o te spina cod mopty  congenita epose o pat o te spina cod sp b  nammatio o te spina jonts spoylt  degeneation o te spina sks sponyloss  tea petic manpation o te spna co mn opt denoting te bai and spine bospl

 diagnostic emoa o d om te owe spine lumb putu

spdle  spinde o a swinging ob ject gugo spral  combg form l (g

helicopter ray sra-wngd

spral sarcase  step in a spia stacase  cente post o a spia stacase l sprt  combg form pumt  ai spiit sylp  ei spiit omo  imagned ei spiit n oked to gten ciden bogym emae nate spt ymp mis ceos spiit gml, obgobl, mp  spit o a pace s ( genii), um ( numna) spit said to take emae om to sedce a seeping man suubus  spit sad to take mae om to sedce a seeping woman ubus spiit said to ob gaes goul  spiit in Aab ok oe g ( geni) .Jewis ma eent spit ybbu  peson posssessed b a ei spiit mo  die ot ei spiits xoz  teoogica std o te spit wod pumtology  spit o te age ztgst spiit o a cte ts  denoting spiita gidance ps-

tol

sprts  sma mease o sprits rm, tot  pace wee spits ae made stlly  disting appa ats stl  spiit disted om gae ese gpp, m  Cinese so gm spiit mot  Geman potato gin spps  Geek anseedaoed spt uzo s spiit dstied om mate gan sy  Mecan agae spit tqul  MiddeEasten gain spt   Rssian spiit made om e, weat, o potatoes vo  Scottis spiit distied om mated gan sy  Ygosaian pm band slvovtz  denoting ndilted sp

339

pra  o

                                                                                                                             u  its: neat  stndd strengh of spir is proof  sml mesure of sprits nip . sweetened drnk of spirits sling  drink of spiits with ht er nd sugr toy

sprtualsm

 person climng con

tct with the ded meim .person eceptve o psychic phenomen percipient  meetng of person wishing to contct the ded seance  cuse  pirit to ppr raise  ubstnc sid to exude from  medium duing  trnce ectoplasm  movement of  tble round which  sence is being conduced tableturnng  writing device for spiit messges: uija boar plancette . form of spir itulism prctised by certin norh Aercn nd north Asn peoles samanism .denoting �vents be yond the scope of science paranormal psycic  lleged biity to move objects by entl powers psycokinesis . eged bility to move dtn obc teekiness dnot ing the use of psychic powers

psionic

spttle toon spleen

 pot for spitng nto

spit

 combining fom splen ectie splenic . bnorm en lrgemen of the spleen splenomegaly  inmmtion of the spleen splenits  surgicl removl of the spleen spenectmy

splt

 combining fom sciz(o esy sp ssile ssionable . mntl nss opuly cled 'split personlity scizoprenia

spoon . ge spoon with  verticl hnde ale . lge spoon wit n openwok bowl soe spoon sport . outdoor sport fel sport . spot wtched by mny spectator sport  sport th involve touhng ontact sport  unrmed combt sport j o karate . sport of lotng

down  moutin ste canyoning  compettve sport of iig  ose over obstcles n n ren: sojmping  spor ht involves te hunting, wounding, or king of ni mls bloo sport  spor of jumpng t  Velcro w in  Velcro sut bay jmping  sport of mking prchute descents from  xed pont base jumping  sport f perfoming cro btic mnoeres whie in free fl skyin . sport of being opped by prhute before sking or wter sking paraskiing  prchte spor of beng pued by  fst bot para saiing parascening  spor of si ng on  bord insuin  spor of beng pue by  fst bot whe snding on  wie bord akeboaring  spo of shootng birds n light ing sootin g . spor of surng through he ir skysuing  spor of srd ghting fencing  Scottish spor of trowing  lrge pole tossing te caber  denotng  spor with few restrictions on tech nique employed fre freestyle  sports tner coac  person n chrge of the busness irs of  sports tem manager  person en forcng the rues n  spors mtch referee umpire  plyer refu to ccept his rulng issent  ilegl ct n  sport foul  iegl hmper ng of nother plyer obstruction .prticipnts n  sport fel  plyer dervng no incom om spor mteur  plyer pd to pr ticipte n sportng events profssional  plyer flsely clmng m teur sttus samateur  group of clubs competng over  seson league  disdvntge imposed upon  song ometor: nicp unor spor te colt  ports tem of second choice plyers reserves . leve  plyer out of  te rest  plyer re plcing nother n he coure of  tem gme sbstitte . profesionl

3 40

por  py pes moe to note cb tns f  spots tems dstinctie ni om olou tp  competitie gopng o tems o smil bt von  peson esponsbe o s sembing  spots tem lto  gop o pes om om  tem il e cosen u  peson tn ng pes o  itd om spots xte beoe its stt t . spotng competition in wic te innes poceed to p gnst ote innes noout tounmnt  ond n tis t  spoting xte no pt o  ge copetton fnly  spotng xte o ind id ples ngl  sotng x te o pis o pes oubl  spoting xte ognized in ono o  ptic pe tetmonl  gop o mjo spotng xtes g lm  nn seqence o mjo eents in  ptic spot tou  spoting tonmen n c ec competto ps n tn gnst e ote oun on  moment t ic  mtc mst end tm, full tm  est o   spotng xte g ng no ce nne t,  . mens o decding ts tb  oel nne o  spots meetng

vto luoum ( vct udoum)

 pg dence t  spoting eent gt  pncpl stn   spotn eent grnstn  tieed stndng

e o specttos ts .md pont inte t  spotng eent ftm  ent to  spotng con test itot ptcpting n pemin·  onds l   stge n  spotig ontest oun  ond m medte pecedng te st mfnl  spots gond it spectto  spots ccommodton tum gond bdng poidng cngng nd soc ciies pvlon .o sete t te sde o  spots ptc ugout  eqpment eqied o  spot tl  peson mntnng

spots pitces gounmn  bd ng it spots clties l u n

t, lu omplx, pots ll

 peson

nncng  spoing eent pomot  ecton o oxgened bood to ennce tletc peom nce loo opng

 



b

spran  sigt spin  spra  ndbon se sp pn  contine it  ecnism o emtting ts contents s  ne pes szed sp ool, tom ze

spead uffu

 sped gdl tog

sprng

 adjectve

    !

vn .td ton spg est y Dy

spng . ot sping gy t ml png  medicn mn sping sp sprng3  ece sping o ced met stips lf png  pste sping box spng sp . sp obtning n enem po tion o tst mol, plnt  sp e mning incte e estbsng ise slep  gin membep o  gop to sp on t nf rt, pn tt  sp oking smutneos o to ntelgence seces oub gnt  sps smed dentt ov .sping ctt ponge, ntellgn  goenment ept ment ognzng sping t v  Bts ntelgence sece

t Intllgn v, I I6  se ntelgence sece oss  US intelgence sece Cntl Intllgn Agny  sping to gin compn secets nutl spong  sece suelnce o tee pone cs tppng  gond obse tion b steite mot nng

 inomtion

gteed b spes  eots to uste

ntllgn spng ountpong, ount ntllgn  ceck o eectonic istenng deces p

j

:1

34

a I ar

 squash

qah

raket bat racket ace n which the lps pr  ject roug . racket n which he lps d nt prject smoot . junc tin between lr and side walls  he curt nk . strike the ball t cmmence play serve



qd . squd served as d aamar  black lquid ejected by a squd nk qel • squrrel's nest dry ablze  gyrscpic stabiizer gyrosazer able  bardng stable very stae  grup  stables, en nw cnverted nt lats mes  area in a stable r untethered anmals oose ox • cmpartment in a table st . stable fdder rack mange  . stable rm r storage  harness etc tak om  beadle's sta mae a  bishps sta rser  climber's ta apenstok . mnarchs sta: sepre  shepherd's sta rook . vergers sta verge  Dinysus sta tyrss  Hermes sta aeus ag  adut stag's branchng hrns anters  seasn in which stags ght each ther rut an  brwnish stain n the paper  a bk r engravng foxng .re sistant t stanin staness aned ga . lead strp hlding pieces  sained glas ame acae  mving staircase esaator . set  stairs fgt  part  a staircase r the eet tread  treads runded edge nosng . ver tica sectin between treads rser  height  th rse • ber n which he sides  the treads are set strng oa, strnge r uprights and handra at the side  a staircase endpst r this nee anster post . evel ea at the tp  stairs

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andng  shat r a staircase star e � see ao spra starase ake . pker-layer's sake made bere recevng his cards ante amp  stamps gven with pur chase r eventual exchange r gs tradng stamps see ao posage

stamp andad

 adjecive

normatve  standard  categrzatin rteron  standd  cmarisn enmark, ontro, yarstk  ethica standds moraty, moras, mores prnpes • exected standd orm  belw expected sandards sunorma  unp ofessona . l

ing

genery accepted sandards orodox rdinary decent peple pern ith cn mora majorty Mrs  ventnal mra standds

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Gruny a combiing forms astr, ser(o)  aecivs astr, sder ea stear . ystem  stars gaaxy . uster  sts astersm  band  distant stars Mky Way  named grup  xe stars onsteaton

 brightest star in a cnstellatin apa  star rbited by anther prmary  guding star oestr  star

whse brightness changes varae star star suddeny becming much brighter nova star sudeny be cmng very much brighter and ex plding supernova . lge bright star gant even bigger star spergant . lge cl str re gan small cl star re a even smaler cl star ron a dwar wih ccasina bursts  radi atin flare star small very dense star te da ld cllapsed star oapsar lapsed upernva: neutron str nebula rund an ld star panetary nea s emit ng rapid rad and elecragnetic plses pusar . mving tailed star peridically visible omet . cmet's

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a I ae tal m 0 potenta metor mtrd 0 small ncandescent object traelling the earths atmosphere mtr, stng str .ths fallen to earth mtrt 0 group of radant meteors reappearng annually mtr sr large bright meteor r 0 star lke object emttng no lght drk str large lowdensity planet gs gnt nonuminous nebula drk nu, srptn nu 0 ery large and dstant celestial object emttng large amounts of energy qusr 0 algnment of two stars on the same longitude nuntn 0 directon of a ce lestal body from an obserer zmut 0 measure of a stars brghtness mgntud celestal body orbtig a tar pnt sudden explo son on a star r 0 faint glow seen around a star urr, rn cone of shadow projectng from the sde of a celetial body away rom the sun umr apparent twnkling of the stars snttn 0 obscuring of a celestal body by another passng n front of t ps, uttn 0 sci entc study of the stars and space strnmy 0 study of celestal bodes through ther rado emssions rd strnmy 0 denotng an astronom cal system centred on the sun n 0 denoting an astronomical system centred on the earth gntr 0 celestal objects repeated ellptcal course rt  small rocky body orbiting the sun strd, mnr pnt, pntd stars measured brghtness mgntud 0 brghtness of a celestal body as measured from the earth pprnt mgntud o brightness of a celestial body as measured from a xed dstance sut mgntud 0 description and mapping of the stars urngrpy measurement of the positons etc of the stars strmtry 0 physics of stars and ther moements strpyss 0 chemstry of the stars

3 42 strmstry 0 study of the moement of the stars as a means of predicting the future strgy 0 table giing positions of a star at dfferent times pmrs (. ehemedes) theory that the galaxies are ong  away from each other xpndng un  vrs try 0 dsplacement towards longer waeenhs of radation from dstant galaxies rd st 0 displacement towards shorter waelenghs of radiaton from dstant galaxies u s 0 nstrument detecting rado emssions from the sky rd tsp 0 building with a domed cel  ing for dsplayng mages of the stars pntrum � see also pnt start 0 ocal start nugurtn start a car from another cars battery mpstrt 0 start a car by pushng it and then engagng the gears umpstrt, umpstrt starvaon lack of proper or sf cient food mnutrtn thin or weak through lck of food mtd undernourshment causng low weght mrsmus state  combining forms dm e. feedom), ny e.. esdency), mny e. mamony), nss e.. emtness) ss e. neuOSS), tud e.. soltude) 0 internatonally nuential state pr, rd pr  state hang predomnant internatona inluence suprpr  un  algned state set betwee hostle states ur stt 0 state hng some control oer another suzrn state wthout major ethnic o cultural diisions ntn stt state aranteeng ts ctzens nancial and social wellbeing r stt small state dependent on foreign capital nn rpul 0 state where eerythng s good Utp state where everthing is bad dystp  state where all hae the same rghts and dutes pntsry   state ruled by a prnce prnpty

343 .democratic state wit an elected head rpbl state controed by political police: pol stt  power equilibium between states bln of por  goup of states cooperat ing to exrt iluence: por blo  group of states coopeating in war lls  group of states owing ee rade etween themselves stos non  state's right to govern its on aairs slftrnon de noting a state enjoying this ight sovrn  one states inteference n the aais of another ntrvnton . contol of another sttes teritory by continued miitary presence opton  denoting a state here the powers of constitent parts are vested n a central authority ntry  de noting a state where the (onstituent parts retin some powers o sef governent frl, frlst  de noting a state demandng complete obedience fom its subjects otltrn denoting a state seekig to con trol the econom and socia change st, sttst .denoting an nde pendent state sovrn denoting a sate not taking sides n  war ntl  denotng a sate without direct sea access lnlok  inte nationa acceptance of a state or its govenent ronton  denoting a stte giving no suppot to powe blocs nonln  mutua tole ance between eologicay opposed states oxstn  stte acquisi ion an exploation of undeveloped teitoy olonls  sates eco nomic domination of anothe: no olonls  sate policy based on ainteance and use of arge miitry foes trs agment a  gion into mtua hostie sates l knz  state's annual come vn  area unde a stte risicon: trrtory  set of basic principes and precedents by which a stte s govened: onsttton

ae  aee

 stte-povided

community services sol srvs  state system of care fo those in need: lfr stt payment made by te sate to a cer ain categoy of needy pesons bnft  sate pament to te unemployed and individuals on low income ob krs l lon sate payment to a famiy on low income fly rt sate payment to te long term sic npty bnft  de noting a sate benet paid regardess nonof conibution  ontrbtory  booket of vouches for a sae benet orr book  state bureaucacy: nstrton, vl srv .administrative egion of a sate non  ansfer a busiess to sate management ntonlz e turn a sateun concen to te private secto orortz prvtz  com pany operatng n sevea sates: ltnonl  stategranted monop oly ove the exploittion of an inven tion: tnt  holder of this ptnt  intena to a state ost  divde a sate nto separate units: prtton  persons home sae ol  leave one state and settle in anoter t ene a state and see thee: rt .send back to te ste of oigin rptrt  compsor ensent for stte ser vice onsrpton  stunch sup poter of ones own state ptro stateent  intentionay ambig ous satement sl ors stte ment made ambigous by is gam pboloy pboly ma  satement used as a basi fo ason g prs, rss tss  statement made about a membes of te cass discssed nvrsl  sement made abou sme mem be of te class discussed rtlr  coictig o evasive satements trvton  pubishe fase and damagng satement lbl  fase and damaging or sttement slnr

344

aoery  ee

 fase and damagng staement

whether pulshed or oral: fm ton  orma tatement of a per sons character and qualcatons  seemngl llogcal tstmonl statement po  stements made n a lawcourt ven tst mony .lega statement made under oath ffvt poston  state ments gneral manng r  state ment desgned to have a second usu a ndecent meanng oubl ntn oubl ntnt  state ent crculated to the meda pss s  modng statement qufton  oca staement om munqu psnton  short of cal statement: bullet  statement harng a persons reputaton: slu smea  saemen denng respons lt etc slm  statement as sumed, general eleved, or self vdenl true om  true ut trte statement trusm  statement sang the same thng twce tutology  sttement presumed true untl proved oherwse: ssumpton p sumpton psupposton .state ments alt to e checked for truth vfablty  statment epressed n dfferent words: pps .epl ct stated prss  arevated verson of a statement ps sum my  ke etract from a recorded speech etc: soun bt  denotng a statement havng an undeng mpl caton lo  denotng a state ment epressed re and clearl sunt .person makng a sworn  conrm statement eponnt a statement oobot  wthdraw a statement tt unsy  mped o understood though unstated tt  reject a statement as false bu statioey  statoner on a long perforated sheet ontnuous sttony

statstcs .lfeepectanc stats tcs f tbls  statstca aver

age mn . coecton of tems under consderaton populton  one of four equal groups to whch ems n a set of data ma  asgned qutl  one of the hundred equal groups to whch tems n a set of daa ma e assgned pntle  person complng and analsng statstcs  tury  sud of socal statstcs as an nde of chagng estles: mog py  specous use of statstcs

numbs gm statue  huge

statu olossus

.smal statue fgun sttutt  classcal par carved to resemle a man: tmon  classcal par carved to resemle a woman yt  ase for a statue pstl plnt

staus

 ombnng

orm

t

( doctoate) om ( ealdom), p ( ctzensh) .relatve sta tus: nk nkng  gve a spec al stats: sgnt . falen n socal status lss .rsng n so cal status: uply mobl status quo  actons desgned to preserve ths olng oprton stea .seal someones deas: plgz  steal from mone entrusted to one mbzzl pult flt  open roer when law and order reaks down: lootng  plu n p llg  steal sma tems from the work place: pl .person steang from others pockets pkpokt .person who knowngl us or stores stolen good rvr  person who nds a uer for stolen goods fn  com pulsve urge to steal, regardless of need klptomn steam engne  powerful moe steam engne pung loads or power ng equpment tton ngn  powerful mole steam engne pullng a ran stem loomotv  steampowered roer stmrol ste  denotng steel wth a low caron content ml  coat steel wth

345 znc: gavnize • concrete renorce with stee: ferroconcree • roing mil for stee sabs strip mi

sepmer  adjecve novca serza . female sterilization by evering he Falpian tues tubal gation  mae steriization by sever ig the vasa eferentia: vasecomy  remove the sexual organs of cas tate, doctor serd • synthetic steroi hormone taken  mprove athetic prform ance anabo ic steroid

sescpe istening to boiy suns wth a stethoscpe: auscuta tion sew  stew cooke n the oven: as seroe  beef stew with onions an beer: carbonnade  chilavoure stew of mince beef n beans: chii co cane . mutton stew with pota toes an onions: Irish stew  meat stew covere with sice potato an cashire hotpot . highly seasone meat stew ragot  French ste of meat an beans cassouet  French sh stew: buiabaisse • spicy Hun gaian stew gouash sck • thi stick with wie bristes for paying drums or cymbas brsh • stick for proing cattle: goad . conuctor's stick: baton  smal stic for stirring riks swie stick ong stout gtng stick quarter staff • hooke stick for anng sh: gaff  og tick frke at the tp  hiwaker's iron thmb sick tippe stick: apensock  magi cian's stick: wand • mitary ofcer's hort stick swagger stick  stick steaying a paiter's han: maustick poiceman's hort thick stick trun cheon • reay runner's stick: baton

 thin

stick burnt to mae a sweet sel joss stick • spe waking stick with an opeabe seat shooting stick • aking stick containng a

eor  ac swor ae swords tck • etal cap on the e of a tick ferrule smua • stmuant i coffee: caf feine  smuat i obacco nico tine stng  eightIegge pierke crea tue with a stiging ta: scorpion sa • stoat's white fu, use on ceremonia obes: ermne sck  keep in stock cary accu muate reseve of stock stockpie • epleion of tock ue t eman drawdown  enumeraio of sock he: stoctaking stck excage • stock exchange area where shares were formery trae oraly oor en of a ay's stock exchange train close • Pasin stock exchange: Bourse • US stock echange Wa Sreet  raica reform of the British Stock Exchange n 198 big bang enot ig companies whose shares are tae on a stock exchage: isted • regisation of a company so that it shares may be trae: quotation • enoting share trasactions con ucte utsie the stock exchange: kerbmarket overthecounter  see aso share stckg eastic strap supporting a stocking suspende

smac gastr0

• mbnng

form

• adjecve gastrc • mus

cuar part of a bir's stomach giard • protruing stomach paunch  compex of nerves at the pt of the stomach soa pexus  qui pro uce by the stomach to ai igestion: gastric juce . stomach pain: gripe • inamation of the stomach gastri tis • nammation of the stomach an intestne gstroenteritis • e notig the stomach an testines gastrOintestina • istruent fo eeig inse he tomach gastro scope • surgica remova of the stomach gastrectomy • stuy o the

346

o I o stoach and intstins and ir dis ass gastroenterology

soe  ombining forms lai lith(0) lth  jeties laiary lithic  agntic ston loestone  ston that cts asy feestone

 rondd ston forry sd to sr fac roads cobble  ass of loos stons on a hilsid scree  loos bach ston ebble  sal pbbls

shingle  prcios or siprcios ston gemstone  ndrssd bld  ngraind ing ston rubble bilding ston freestne  lar lat pic of ston slab fagstone  sal at ston slab tabet  gran it paing block sett  cylindrical ston foring part of a con tambo  taprd ston for an arch vossoir  ston laid at right angls to a wall heaer  ston laid paralll to a wal sretcher  arg ston st in th cornr of a wal conerstone quon quoin stone  ston st at th top of a wal castone coing stone  horizontal dcorati band of  larg asonry strng course shrooshapd ston forrly sd to sport ricks stale stone  ndrssd ston sd as a wallr ruble  inscribd ston coor ating a bildings rction funation stone  wall or loor coring of sa pics of ston tc arrangd to ak pictrs or pattrns mosaic  arrangnt of ths stons tessel lation  ston for sharpning tal hone grinstone whetstne water stoe  ston sd as an ancor kilick  ston sd to ro hard skin umice sone  larg standing ston n a prhistoric onnt megalith menhir  singl pright block of ston monolith larg p righ ston foring part of a strc tr orthostat  singl ston pilar obeisk  prhistoric ston circl henge  prhistoric ton chabr tob olmen  prhistoric stctr

of two across cofn: grave's

upright stones and a third their top: trilit hon • stone sarcophagus . stone at a head: headston e • pile of

stons as a landark cairn  brak ston into sallr pics sall  shap ston by striking it kna  prson who shaps bilding son or bilds with it mason stonemason  plac whr ston is xtractd quarry  crshd ston and gral sd in bilding aggregate  stony wast sparatd off dring slting slag  asonry silating larg rogh blocks rustication  plastr paintd to iitat ston scagiola trn to ston etrify  sipl plant growing on ston ichen  grotsq ston gr srng as a rainwatr spot gargoyle  ston bli by alchsts to trn bas tals nto gold hilosohers' stone  strap to h stons ling  ston ford in th kidny or bladdr calculus  this dical condition lithiasis  srgical roal of a ston lithot omy  srgical crhing of a ston lithotrisy lithotrity

stoe ae

 dnotin

th arlist ston ag Palaeolthc  dnoting th iddl ston ag Mesolithic  dnoting th last stn ag Neolithi

stop

stop tporary itermt  tporary stoppag abeyance  stopping and starting intemittent

sore

 scrt

sorm

 sddn brif stor

stor cace stash  fnnlshapd sor hoer  stor for solid fl bunkr  plac for stor ag eository reository  stor for docnts archive

squall  sr snowstor with high winds bliar  dns lizzard wit radic aly rdcd isibity whiteout  tropical sa stor tyhoon  stil ara at th cntr of a stor eye

347

  

 booklength

try

story novel  rief evocative account vgnee  complex an ramblig narrative saga . story appearig in regular in stalments seal . lesson to be gaine from a story moal  story il lustrating a moral or spiritual truth paable  short moral stor oen with animal characters able  story of the narrators past life autobog aphy emnscece  story of events preceing those alreay e cribed in another stry pequel . story of events following those a edy escribe in aother story se ue  sybolica story allegoy .tritional sor olk tale egend myth  traitional stores of a par ticular cuture olkloe  storys chief female character  heone  storys chie male charactr heo  storyteller naato  sklle storyteler aconeu  con

use)

traight

 combnn

( othodontcs)

form ortho

traight lie  adjece ectlnea . suppose straight line connectg ancient sites ley le . straight line joining opposite corners of a straight sie gure dagonal . straight line joiing he ens of an arc chod

 frighteingly trage eee ucanny ueathy trager phobia

strange

 fear of strangers

xeno

tragle

. execute a crimnal by strangling gaoe

trap

 strap

to hurl stones slng  elastic strap holig u socks or stockings suspende . toestrap o light sanas thong

traw  decoration of plaite straw con dolly . animals being of sraw etc tte  eat cuboi pe of bale straw ck stack

 sma

stream

stream vulet  strong fast stream toent  stream lowing ito a larger one tbutay

 wie treeline street steet boulevad  narrow alley in north ern Engan gnnel C street tures sch as lamp posts an roa signs steet unte  improvise barier blocking a sreet bacade

stregth

 exercises esigne to im

prove strength an appearance calls thenics  increase a solutions strengh by removing water conce tate  person whose strength is in crease by mechanical impants cy bog . efet by superior strengh ovepoe  big n strong stap pg  srongly mae sold

stre

 ormone secrete in stress

ful conitions adenaln epneph ne  stressrelate bowel pain t able boel syndome

stie . sue strike alkout ldcat stke  srike of a orkers geneal strke  consecutive short strikes by ierent sections of the workforce olng stke  recourse to strikes raher than negotiation d ect acton  person who continues wrking when other are n trike blackleg sab stkebeake  money pai to strikers by heir trae union stke pay  see also ndustal elatons

trig

. strong string mae of twite rans tne  bi roun with twine hp  garening string flls  ecorative stringknotting macam  maker of strige instru ments luthe .pitch a string by pressing it stop

tip  strip mown sathe stripe  Vshape stripe on military unorms chevon stub  stb of a cigar or cigarette bu

e I y

                                                                                                                                             sude

 tdent'

boo giving in trction in a bect oursebook textbook workbook � see also pp

sudy

 combnng

oy . topic of tdy dspne  tdy of abnormal form and roth teratooy  tdy of air crrent and the movement of obect throgh them aerodynams  tdy of air trave aeronauts . tdy of algae aooy . tdy o  amphiian her petooy  tdy of anaethetic and their e anaesthesoloy  tdy of animal zooloy  tdy of ani mal behavior ethooy  tdy of the phyical remain of ancient civi iation arhaeooy .tdy of an cient plant life paaeobotany . tdy of animal hoe exitence i dobted ryptozoooy  tdy of ant myrmeoloy  tdy of the an and rectm protooy . tdy of the atmophere aerooy . tdy of the pper atmophere aeronomy . tdy of atomic nclei nuear physs nueons  tdy o atom atom physs  tdy of bacteria baterooy  cientic tdy of hman or animal behavior behavoura sene  tdy of the concept of being ontoloy  tdy of bird orntholoy  tdy of bird' egg oooy  tdy of the blood haematoloy  tdy of blood erm serooy  tdy of the body' ability to combat infection mmunooy  tdy of the body by diection anatomy . tdy of cave speleooy  tdy of living cell ytooy  tdy of childbirth obstetrs  tdy of Chinee cltre and politic Snooy  tdy of chrch biding and decoration eesooy  tdy of the Chrch ather and their riting patrsts patrooy  tdy of chrmome ytoene s  tdy of the right and dtie of citienhip vs . tdy of the cli mate matooy  ty of cloc form



and atchmaing horooy  tdy  of clod nephooy  tdy of e, code ryptoraphy   tdy of coin numsmats 1  tdy of commnication by body   cientic  movement kness t y of crime and criminal rmn I ooy  tdy of the victim of crime vtmooy . tdy of crop circle ereooy  tdy o crop prodc tion aronomy  tdy of crytal I I rystaoraphy  tdy of Wetern cltre humantes  tdy of differ ent cltre ethnoloy  tdy of electronic data proceing for torage and retrieval nformaton sene nformaton tehnooy nfomats . tdy of death and dying thanatoloy  tdy of demon demonooy . tdy of dieae prevention preventve medne  tdy of the cae of dieae aetooy  tdy of the incidence and control of di eae epdemoloy  tdy of cae and effect of dieae patholoy  tdy of the treatment o i eae therapeuts  tdy and treat ment of the dieae of children paedatrs  tdy of the ear and t dieae otoloy . tdy of dieae of the ear and throat otoarynooy  tdy of dieae of the ear noe  and throat otorholarynooy  tdy f exaly tranmitted di eae venereoloy  tdy of med ical drg and their action pharmaooy  phyical tdy of the earth and it atmophere earth sene  tdy of the earth' atmophere, cli mate, and eather meteorooy . chemical tdy of the earth eohemstry  tdy of the rface of the earth eomorphooy  tdy of the earth' crt tetons  tdy of the rctre of the earth eooy  tdy of earthqae sesmooy . tdy of the interreaction of elem ent hemstry  tdy of embryo embryoloy . tdy of dieae of

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49 the heat cadoogy  sty f s eases f the nts an mscles heumatoogy  sty f ty de ontoogy  sty f the eaths mag netsm geomagnetcs  st f the eahs tpgaphy geomophoogy  sty f eathqakes sesmology . sty f ancent Egyptan clte Egyptoogy  thelcal sty f the en f the wl eschatoogy  sty f the nteactn f lving  gansms an the envnment eco ogy  stdy f eye dseases ophthal moogy  sty f eye eglates othopcs  sty f famly tees geneaogy  mecal sty f the fe male by an ts llnesses gynaeco ogy  sty f fementatn zym ugy  stdy f fens ptedoogy  sty fsh chthyoogy   sty f ags veoogy  sty f s at est hydostatcs  sty f  fces hydodynamcs sty f l mechancs hydaucs .sty f f an ts se nutton  sty f ft alments chopody podaty  sty f the fm f ws moph oogy  sty f fssls paaeon toogy  sty f fssl anmls an plants paaeoboogy  sty f fs sl plants paaeobotany  sty f fctn an lbcatn tboogy  sty f ft capoogy  sty f ft-gwng pomoogy  sty f gyptogaphy engave gems  sty f gaces gacoogy  sty f gape cltvatn vtcu tue  stdy f the ha and scalp tchoogy . psychlgcal sty f hanwtng gaphoogy .sy f the pptns f the hea an face cephaomety  sty f heang an ts efects audoogy  sty an teatment f heat dseases cad oogy . sty f heat an enegy themodynamcs  sty f hee ty genecs  sty f hsty wtng hstoogaphy  sty f the gns f hmankn antho

udy I udy pogeny

 sty

f hman clte an scety anthopoogy  sty f the se f mages n the vsal ats conogaphy  sty f nanmate natal becs physca scences . sty f Inan clte ndoogy  sty f esstance t fectn m  munoogy  sty f ancent nscp tns epgaphy  sty f nsects entomoogy  cmpaatve sty f natl n atcal ntellgence cy bencs  sty f the nteactns f a gp f peple goup dynamcs  sty f Jewsh tatnal law Ta mud Toah  phlsphcl sty f the nate f knwlege epstemo ogy . sty f lcal vaants  f lan gage daectoogy .sty f lakes mnoogy . stdy f langage n gustcs  sty f langage as a se es f nteelate systems stuctua ngustcs . sty f the hsty f langages phoogy  sty f the laynx ayngoogy  stdy f law juspudence  sy f lbaan shp bay scence  sty f lfe fms n the planets  n space eoboogy  sty f ltges tu gcs tugoogy  sty f man kn anthopoogy  sy f man scpts codcoogy  sty f matte and enegy physcs  sty f the meann f ws semantcs .sty f mechacal systems hat fnctn boncs lke lvng gansms  sty f meals numsmatcs  sty f mecnes an he ses phamacoogy  stdy an teat men f mental lness psychaty

psychoanayss

 sty

psychopathoogy

f metals an he p can metaugy  sty f the mn an ts fnctns psycho ogy  stdy f mneals mneaogy  sy f mllscs maacoogy  sty f mlsc shels conchoogy  stdy f the gettng and spenng f mney economcs  stdy f the mn seenoogy  sty f mal

y  y

350

j

                                                                                                                                                systems ehics  stdy o mosses bryology  stdy o te mot a its diseases somaology  stdy o msces myology  acaemic stdy o msc musicology  stdy o o Weste msc ehnomusicology  stdy o mys yhology  stdy o pesoal ames onomasics  stdy o place ames toponymy  stdy o te atal old naural hisory  stdy o te eos sys tem ad its disodes neurology  bioogical sdy o te eos sys tem neurobiology  scietc ad tecological stdy o cea poe nucleonics  stdy o mbes' oc numerology ct sigcace  stdy o dets a ttio ieetics nuriion  sty o ol ae geronology  stdy o liing ogan physiology lfe isms biology scieces sdy o cety liig ogsms eontology  stdy o palaeonology ossl oganisms  sty o co-oganism microbiology  stdy o the oms o liig ogasms morphology  stdy o the omal ctios o liig o gaisms physiology  stdy o chemical pocesses ithn liing o gaisms biochemsry  stdy o ogasm eiomet elation ships ecology  stdy o ancient pa pyi papyrology  stdy o paa parasiology sites  stdy o ponemes phoneics  stdy o plants boany  stdy o plat dis eases phytopathology  stdy o poisos toxicology  stdy o a boe polle etc as soces o inec tio aerobiology  stdy o pollen om achaeoloical o geoloical de posits palynology  stdy o popla tion statistics emography  stdy o postage stamps philaely  stdy o primates primatology  stdy o ehnology cltes pimitie  stdy o pojetles ad eams balistics  stdy o ponciatio

othoepy

 stdy o pheomea n

explaine by othoox sycology parapsychology  stdy o pis met and piso managemet pen ology  stdy o elatiosips wiin a gop o people sociomery  stdy o eligios aing gods heology  stdy o eligios missios missiology  stdy o eptes her peoogy  sty o ies poamology  stdy o ocks lthology pe rology  stdy o a commnity's bbis garbology pysial and biological stdy o te sea oceanog raphy oceanology  stdy o sea eed phycology  stdy o seeds carpology  stdy o ma sexal actiity exology  stdy o sexal loe eroology  stdy o sexaly venretasmitted diseases ology  stdy o sigt ad ligt optics  stdy o the skeeton oseology  stdy o te skin and it dis eases ermatology  stdy o sk sizes ad shapes cranioogy  std o han society and social elation sips social science socioogy  stdy o sos peology sol science  stdy o so managent agronomy  stdy o Siet politics Krelinology  stdy o sond acousics  stdy o langage sods phonoogy  sdy o ocal sods phonetics  stdy o sell ng ohography  theological stdy o te spiit od pneumatoogy  scietc stdy o the stas and o space astronomy  stdy o celestial bodies thogh thei adio emssios raio asronomy  stdy o the pys ics o stas and tei moement astrophysics  stdy o the moe ment o the stas as a means o pe dicting te te astroogy  stdy o statistics o bths deaths, and dis ease emography . tdy of th stomac and intestines gastroenerology  stdy o pecios stoes geology  stdy o sbatomic

35

y  raco

                                                                                            

aomc physcs, partces mcrophyscs parce physcs  study o symbos and ther sgn cance semocs  study of taste aeshecs  study of teeth odoo gy  study of tme horoogy . study of tssu e structure hsoogy  study o tssue changes caused by dsease hsopahoogy  study of trees dedrogy . study o tu mours ocoogy  stud o undentd yng obects uogy  study of the genera features f the unerse: cosmography  study of the orgns of the unerse cosmogoy  study of the orgn and deeopment of the  medca unerse cosmoogy study of the urnar system uoogy  study f vruses  vroogy  study of vsua mags coograpy co oogy .study of ocanoes vca oogy, vucaoogy . study o otng at eectons psephoogy  study o he weather meeooogy  stud of wnes oeoogy  study of word or gns eyoogy  study o the mean ng of words semacs  study o words or cosey reated conces oomasoogy . study o the orms of words morphoogy  study o the form meanng and behavour of ords ecoogy  study o ecen rk methods egoomcs me admoo sudy  study o  ancent paaeography wrtng sstems  sudy of Xs radography . study of medca appcatons of Xrays radogy  study of an tem n ts natura enronment ed sudy, ed  p e dwor  stud ntensey cam  dnotng a course of study desgned for practca apcatons apped, pracca  denotng a curse of stud concentratng on the o pure  coure o study competed at hoe dsace earg, corres podece course . restudy of competed work befor an examnaton re vo  erson who has abandoned a

course of study dropou  certcate  competed studes dpoma, qua cao

tufin adermy

 stung dead anmas  stung made o

chopped meat or vgetabes rce mea  stufng mxture of ney chopped sapc o ngredents  cottonke substance or stung cushons kapok

 stupd person dmw stupid ue, uderhead, gramus,  compoop  boorsh and stud umpe stupor  state o  mmobty and stu pr caaoa style  amboyanty condent ste paahe . fowng current styes coemporay  n a sye typca of some past ea perod  stysh ee gance chc  stysh ognaty ar  stsh gour: ea subjetive  subecte mpresson perceo submarie  submarne seekng and destroyng others huerker  former German submarne Uboa  submarnes superstructure c g ower . tube gvng surace perscope ews  submarnes  submarnes emer door hach gency de crash dve  submarnes oerd dock pe subsidy  organaton subsdng an event n return for ree pubcty sposor

subste .pmary substnc n matter eeme substitute . person repacng an person actng other sad fr another proy  frauduent substtuted supposous subtration  number from whch subtracton s to b ade med  number to be subtracted subra ed

2

cc  

.   . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .   .  .   .        .   . .  . . .  ..       . . .  .  . .     . .  . .  . . .  .  . . . . .  .  .  . . . .  .   ..  .   .     . .   .  .          . .  .

 brliant

succes

success: lt  succss hrough nooriy: sus de san dale  success wih he pecpiv fw  destme  possibiliy of success ftn

ane sporn ane valty  hree successi succsss: hattr

 produc

achieving enormous co mercial success louster  pr son wo gains acadmic or carer suc cess aever  realizaion of one's ponial selfatualzaton  do lss wl han expeced: underaeve

suddn  sudden ad damaic: a van ser  cause o b sred nflt suerer  combnng form pat

(_ ycoat) . person enduing

srng wihou compla sto

sugar  comnng forms ly(o sar  ecve saarne . lgh brown cane sua: demerar

 suga

go

fom cane JUIce: mosovado  sua found in carbo hydraes: lose  sugar foud i honey and fuis frutose . mouldd conical ass of sugar: suar lof  nly granulaed whie sugar: aster su ar  sugar-coad: rystal lzed  hick pase of suga and waer: fondant  skill of decoraing cs ih sugar pas: surra  suga brownd by hea rmel  sugar spklr: stor  devce for pcking up sugar lps: tons  hor mone regulaing h blood sugar lev: nsuln  disease characrized b ex ess ugar in h blood an urin: d betes mellus  excessive sugar  he urne, a sympom of kidney dis ease and diabees: lyosura de  sucide of a vicim of an ncurable disease, usng lehal drugs supped b a docor fo is pupose sssted sude  sucide aempd o gain aenion: parasude utae  muuy unsuied: n

ompatble

suitcase  smal suicase alse summar  smary of pons made reptulaton  smary of pas eens: retrospet revew smmer  ece aestval  e poray rsumon of sumr wea h in h auumn: Indan summer  map ln joining poins of quiven summ emperaue: soere

summer se

. raised summer

hous wih a viw azebo belve

dere

sum wrest ng  a ush n so wrsling os su  mbnng forms elo sol  cve solar . fain glow sen round h eclipsed s orona  ap

pan circl of ligh round he sun caused by aosphic ce cysa: alo  dark pach on he sun: sun spot  bigh pach on he sun  ul  brigh spo beside he su pa elon  sudden explosion on he sun: flare s ola r flar  su s highes poin in h sky zent  srucur usd o measure hi: nomon  day in he yar a whch he sun reaches is highes o lows nonde pos ion: solste  fain reecion of he s sn a nigh: eensen  plants ec orbing he su: solr system  plane direcy orbiing e s maor planet pmary pnt  passage of a smalr plane across he fac of he s: transt  plan's furhs poin om he s ap elon . orbiing ple's po o he sun: peelon  sall rocky body orbiing he su : sterod



mnor plnet plnetod



an asonomica sysm cnd on h sun: eloent  clockwork model of he solar sysem: orery planetarum .revolvng sysem dsplaying on a domed he heavny bodies n heir posiions planetrum . conay he s's couse ddersns  sig



353

Sday I rgery

nlng systm bsd on shs of r ctd sunlight heogphy  pnl bsorbin sunlight s  sourc of n rgy so pnel  dvic convrting solr rdition into lctricity sol e so ce  thrputic us of sunlight heohepy  light um brll giving shd from th sun pso  dcomposing in sunlight:

phoodegde  adee y

doncl

.kping Sundy s  dy of worship nd rst Sundy osence, ods Dy osence  rligious duc tion clss hld on Sundys Sundy

schoo sul  sundils vn: gnoon suemket  vry lrg supr mrkt hypke  whld bs

kt usd by uprmrkt customrs: shoppng olley  dsk whr pur chs r rgisrd nd pd for:

checkou suevson

 dytim

suprision

of childrn or th ldry: dy ce suleet  things ddd s  supplmnt: ppoen suly  supply of prsons or quip mnt for us s ndd: pool  obtin from n outsid supplir ousouce suot  upright support sn chon .thrlggd support pod  support for n rch tc pe, squinch  suppot for  blcony tc  support frmwork: cnee hose  suport for  row of books ookend  frmwork with sloping lgs us to support  tbl bir tc ese .prson giving nncil sup port nge, ck conuo, p on sponso  group of prsons ith  common problm or illnss mting rlry for mutul hlp: suppo goup  ttmpt to win sup port by ffbility chm oense suppo rting

( o

•

combining form:

pro-

uce  lt surfc pne  thin surc ly , enee  on th surc: supec  insrt  scrw tc ush with th surfc couner snk ug • lightwight surord  iu . st of surords: que .hol ow formd whn  lrg wv brks ppene ueo  surgons thr gr mnt gown . surons nos nd mouth covring ms  surgons sstnt desse ugey  adee opee  sugry prformd on  ptnt op eon, pocedue . minor surgry not rquiring ovrnight hospitliz ion dy sugery  surgry to im prov th pprnc: cosec su gey, psc sugey  surgry using intns cold: cryosuge  surgry using lctric ht  surgry using eecosugey microscops mcosurgery sur gry involving trnsfr of tissu p c sugey  dnoting urgry undrtkn t th ptints rqust: eecie  dnoting surgry skng th cus of symptoms epooy . dnoting simpl surgry not f thrtning: no  dnoting com plx surgry involing risk to f jo  dnoting surgry iming to prsrv tissu consee .d noting surgry sking to rmov ll dissd tissu dc  dnoting surgry in which th hrt is xposd nd bypssd openhe  surgicl instltion of rticil body prts: poshecs  brin surgry to trt mnt illnss psychosugey .cor nl surgry keopsy  surgry on th nrvous systm neuosugey  surgry to construct rpi or n lrg  pnis: phloplsy  surgicl scrping cuege  surgicl tyng gon  tissu tc insrtd into th body by surgry pn  cloth

ra appae  ra reova coverng a patnt undergong sr gery: rp  see o psti sr-

ry srgca appance .herna sup port: rss srgca cttng • biig for: toy . srgcal cut: nisio • surgical cutng out: rstion  surgicaly created openng: sto

• surgcal

cutting of te abdomen: prooy • srgca cuttng of the adomen for chdbrth Csri Csrn ston • surgcal cuttng of the bladder ystotoy • surgc cuttng of bone: ostotoy • surg c cuttng of the bran's white nerve bres otoy • surgcal nciso into the chest w: torotoy • surgca cuttng of e cornea: kr totoy . srgica ncson nto the edrum yrinotoy • surgical ncson nto the lynx: ryotoy  surgca cuttng of a nerve: rotoy  srgca cutting of a tendo: otoy • srgca cuttng of the vagina at cdbrth pisotoy • surgca cuttng of the vas deferens: stoy  srgca ncson of a pbotoy vstio ven: • surgial incson of the wndppe:

otoy sgca stents

 blunt 

sent for explorng a woun: prob  surgca nves:  sp • arge pncers: orps . srg cal sa for the skul: trp • nstru met for wthawng lqud ror surgia cord: t sr  steam sterzer for srgca nsu mens: tov • cobiig sgca oen  g or toy • surgcay made pas sage: s . srgca openng nto • surgc the colon: oostoy oning made in te nner ear to re eve deafness: stto  srg cal unloc of the Fopa tues: posoy • surgcal openng nto the le: oso  srgcal



dverson of the sm ntstne: tr ostoy • surgca openng nto te , stomach: strosoy

 obii sgca eva for: toy (e.g. appndcoy) • sra

remova of the appedx: pptoy  srgcl removal of the bladder or a cyst: ystoy  surgia remova of a breast: st toy • srgc emova of a breast lump: ptoy • srgca rmoval of the opa tues: sptoy .rgcal remova of the foresn: risio . srgc removal of the gal blader: oysttoy • srgcal remova of a dey: proy  srgica removal of the lary ynoy • surg remova of a lmb: pttio • srgca remova of the lver poy • sugca remova of a lobe: obtoy • srgca remova of lung scars: orion • srgcal remova of a lung: pono • srgica remova of a nerv: rtoy • surgca remova of the ovares: ooportoy ovrtoy ovrotoy • srgcal remova of the pancreas: prttoy • surgca remova of he pens poy • surgca remova of the prostate gand: prosttoy • sr gcal emoval of upper ayers of sn: rbrso • srgca rova of pt of he sul: riotoy • sr gca remova of he spleen sp ty • srgcal removal of th stom ach strtoy • srgc rmova • surgcal of a stone: iotoy crushng of a stone: totpsy iot ry • srgcal remova of a testcle: oroy • srgca eova of the tonss: ostoy  surgca remova of a tooth: ro  sr gca descton of tor or ha oot y an eectrc currt: o sis  surgcal rova of a vere sc: soy  surgca remova of the om: ysty  surg

355

rae  wg

cal remoal of facial wrikles: ace i sae . womas surame rior o marriage maiden name .deoig a hyheaed surame doube baeed sse • sae of helless amaze me stupo see • symbol of surreder white ag sogs  usual surroudigs envioment svellace  deec ad remoe hidde sureillace deices: debug  subjec o coer sureilace watc svey • surey of eemy resources ad osiios econnaissanc sveyg  sureyg sysem based uon riagles: tianguation • roaig elescoe for measurig agles: theodoite  isrume for akig aliudes: sextant  icised sur ey mark i a wall ec benchmak  referece oi o a small illar: tig point  sried sighole: anging poe svve  caable of suriig ide edely viabe ssese  ee full of susese cifhange sscos • ahologically susicious paanoid swallow . sw llow hasly gup swa • swam ree wih aboe groud roos mangove swa  fmale swa: pen • male swa cob  youg swa cygnet .lock of swas i ligh: skein lace where swas breed: swanny  cachig ad markig of swas swanupping swea  aormal swea caused by illess or medicaio: diaphoesis  causig swea sudoic  secre g swea: sudoieous  sri of

;

maerial wor o absorb swea: sweat band  subsace alied o ree or reduce swea: antipespiant

swee

 small

swee dop, pastie  mxure of small coloured swees doy mixtue .jellylike rasluce swee: gumdop • swee black chewy subsace: iquoice  swee almod ase: mazipan • swee made of egg meingue whies ad sugar: • marziabased swees sered afer a el pits ous  aoured gel ai cubes Tukish deight • us groud i sugar: paine • so mix ure of sugar albumi, ad gelai mashmaow • crumbly swee made from sugar buer ad milk udge  swee o f sugar us a d eggwhie: nougat . laoure swee efferesce owder: shebet  hardeed sugar syru: spun suga • excessiely swee coying, sacchaine • sweeoiced meiuous • aricial sweeeers: aspatame, cyca mate, sacchain, sacchaine

 swellig caused by abormal issue growh: tumou  uslled  serumswellig abscess, boi lled swellig biste  swelig u tumescent  swolle tumid  swolle wih luid engoged  reducio

swell

of swellig detumescence

swg  swimmig comeiio gaa  rescribed moeme i  swimmig swimmig: stoke sroke imiaig a dog doggypadde  kick made wih ube egs: scsso kic  swimmig race requirig seeral srokes: medey • swimmig exercises as a cure for arhriis: hydothepy • exer swimmer moiorig iguad ohers:  uderwaer swimmer using breahig aaraus skin dive  uderwaer swimmer usig breahig a araus ad a rubber sui: ogman  uderwaer swimmig usig a  swimmer aqualug su baq ua

wmg poo  yagogue fooxnsion: lpper  simmrs rahing u: snorkel  mans simming shors: trnks  inad armloas for somon laning o sim waer wngs

swiig p . puic opnai simming pool ldo  small cod simming poo a a sauna: plnge poo  aer sid a a simming poo lme swig . sing o an fro oscllate wiss  Siss rakfas food of cr as drid fui and nus mesli  hard Siss chs Emmenta  pa Siss chs ih hols: ryre  Siss mayor: brgomaster

 Siss

mounainrs faso song:  Siss sa canton yodellng  radional Siss oodn hous

chalet

 ich conrolng a ho sysm maser swtch  sich opr

swih

ad y moving a vr up or don: toggle swtch . sich prad y pushing a sprung lvr tmbler  s of lcrica sich: gang  sichs and fus oxs hr h lcrica supply nrs a hous: consmer nt  mchanism acivain a sich a a prs im: tmer

 cuvd sord roadning a nd scmtar  shor slighly

swd

h curvd sord: ctlass . curvd cav alry sord sabre  lund fncing sord pe  nava sord ctlass  shor sord xd o h nd of a ri bayonet . igh sharppoind sord: raper  sord carrid for h sovrign on sa occasions: sword o state  csh road sord claymore  sord hadl: hlt . kno o n a sord hanl pomme . covr for a sord ad: scabbard sheath  spor of sord hing en ng  nrainr passing a sord ad don his or hr hroa: swor-

swalower

sygis . rm common o oh '  prmiss: mddle term .faur of his o incud  mmrs of a cass n a as on prmis: ndstrbted

mddle  symo of coadic: sy whte eather  idnifying symol

usd for a compan produc c: logo trade mark  symo of surrn dr: whte lag  symo rpacing a ord: logogram, logograph .visual symos magery . sysm of mu sica or mahmaica symos nota ton  sysm of symols ach r prsning a syla sylabar  sysm of symols ach of hich r prsns a ord in a crain anguag: deograms  sudy of symos and hi signcance semotcs  narra iv o dsign hos conn is o  inrprd symoicay: allegory

sympahy  fing of sympahy: electve anty . xprss sympahy ih: commserate condole  insin cr exprssin of sympahy croco le tears . ack of sympahy or con cr: alenaton . acking sympahy nsensate nsensble sypt  sympom accompany ing a disas, u no causd y i: ep phenomenon  sympom suggsing a paicula amn ndcaton

 sympom arnng agans a paic ar ramn: contrandcaton  s of sympos hos o prsnc in dcas a paicular disas: syn rome  dnoing a gradually in crasing sympom: ngravescent  suddn rc ourak of sympoms paroxysm sezre  mporay dis appaance f sympoms remisson  rcurrnc of sypoms a appar n rcovry: relapse

syaggue . cupoad in a syna gogu fr srolls of h Torah: ark  synagogu sooom genzah

 sagogu sing and praradr:

cantor haan

357

syphls

syphlis I system

syphlc inammaon of he bran: paresis •

syringe • nser by syrnge: inject syrup • dark syrup from raw sugar: molasses

•

dark syup from partly

rened sugar: syrup: cramel

system

treace

•

browned

nerconneced sysem nework  swtch a sysem on or off: power up, power down •

Tt tabe' • table for the chief guests: top abe  work table i a laborator or workshop: ben • extending table with higed legs: gae leg table • fldig section of a table eaf • part of a table for the most imortant per sons present: head • part of a table for the least important persons pres ent: foot • card indicating were a person should sit at table: plae ar • crockery and cutlery for one perso at table plae setting • revolvig stand on a table: lazy Susan tabe • table of the eements ar ranged to group those of smar chemica structure: periodi table • table givig the results of vaious mathematical caculations: ready rkoner tabe teis  table tennis bat paddle tact • denoting a situation requring act: deliate tacics • tactica withdrawa enb ing a further advance reuler pour mieux sauter tai  cobnngfor ud • ec tve audal  foxs a: brus  rab bits or deers tail sut • soli part of an animas ta dok • ct short an anmas ta dok taor • ectve sartorial • tars serrated scissors pinking sears • yon of clothes beng made fitting take  take for ones own ue with out permission or illegally appropriate misappropriate tak • coerence between opposing sides: parley • coerence between coleagues: powwow • poite but un necessary coversaton small talk



• prvate • denotig

conversation tee idecet talk ribald ris qu, salaious smutty   fool shly or at length prate, prattle . excessively takative: takative garrulous logorroei takever • denoting an unwelcome takeover bid ostile tak • water storage tank isern . display tank for live sh etc aquarium t • spport fo the washer jumper • sleeve round the trning sha gland tape recrder • denoting a re corder with individually readed reels openreel • base for the cap stans dek  sip at the end of a ape: leader • cylindrica conaier for magnetic tape: reel spool • eaed unit contaning tape and spools assette • obliterate a tape recorng erase  combined rado, gramophone, nd tape dec: musi entre taica • plant yelding tapioca: assava mano tar •  used to preseve wood: reo sote • distiled tar used for water poong pit • tar used on roofs and roads: bitumen • tar mixed with stones fr roadmaking aspat target  revolving target in a medi eva tyard: quintain • centre of a target bullseye • targets outer most diision outer . disk hrown up as a shootng target: ay pigeon • device throwing this trap • mark aimed a in culing and qois: ee taste • ectve: aesteti gusta tory • person of rened taste: aes

359 hee  aving rened taste dscm inaing, dscening  reectng te tastes of ordnary eole populs  caracterstc taste savou  leasant to taste palaable  avng a leasantly sar taste piquan avng a sar aste pungen  avin an unleasant taste due to decay ancid � see also bad ase, lavou aao  aee sca taxaton of exendure n d ec axaon tax on goos entering a town oco tax on local ouseolds cuncl ax  taxaton of imorts poecon m  tax on a artcular class of morts or exorts af  taxaton of income diec axaion  tax etc removed from gross ay deducon tis system of tax collecto y emloyers pay as you ean  ax on comany rots copoaon ax  tax on excessve rots wndall ax  tax on goods imoted or exorted duy tax on legal documents samp duy  tax on rots from sale of roerty or nvestments capal gans ax  tax on roerty or money acred by gft or ineritance nhe iance ax  tax on sales of certain goods excise duy  sulementary tax levy, supeax, suax  ax on the value addd to an item a eac stage of ts roducton value added ax  tax ad to kee a veicle on te ublc roads oad und ax, oad ax  befoe deducto of tax goss ater deducton o tax ne denotng taxation leved at reduced ates on belowaverage ncomes degessv  dnotng taxation leved at remum rates on belowaveage ncomes e gessive denoting taxton leved at remm rates on aboveaverge comes pogessve  denotng taxaton leved at a xed rate er unt specic  mose a tax levy  deatonary effect of ogressve taxaton scal dag  order for a ax to e lev

axao I ea ied by anoter autort or te tax so levied pecep  allowances credted o taxed ncome negaive income ax  taxfree nvestment sceme pe soal equiy plan o labilty to a ax ncdence dsclose tems lable to axaton declae  oint at wc a ax comes nto effect heshold  class of tax labilt wt aror ate documentation schedule calculaton of one's own tax lablty self assssmen  sum tat cn be aganst  lablty ax cedi remson of ax due elief goernment dearment assessing nd collectng taxes nland Revenue  area ofcer of ts inspeco of axes  form lled n for assessment of ax ax eun Inland Revenue code re resentng te taxfree art of an emloyee's ncome ax code  avoidance of tax liabilty by legal means ax avoidance  avodance of tax liablty by dsoest means ax eva son  nancial arrangemen mnmng tax liablty ax shl  erson lvn abroad to avod ax ax exle  lace were taxes ae low ax haven  economic actvity conucted on a cas bass to evade ax black economy  grou ayments made to casual workers enablng te ndvdal to evade tax he lump  foregn dlomats' mmunity to local axaton diplomaic m mu ny former tax of O% ayable to te Curc ihe  former tax leved uon evey adult poll ax

axi  tax tat must be ordered n advance minicab assenger in a tax fae  signal a tax to sto al  lace were taxs wat for ie nk, sand ea  tea made from ufemented leaves geen ea  tea made from fermented leaves black ea  erb e sane  gain avour from te tea leaves bew, daw, mash  beome btter troug rolonged brewng

30

eache  eephe tew

 pefoated

hollo metal sphee to hold tea leaves te bll  tin holdin tea te y  cove kepin he teapot hot y  Euo pean plant used to make tea o ile . Indian name fo tea boiled ith mi sua and cadamoms i  Japanese itual of sevin and dinkin tea te ereoy  ona mental mat fo an aftenoon tea plate

oily

teacer

 teache enad to e a

fe lessons at each of seveal schools perpteti  teache okin ith individuals o small oups: ttor  teache tempoaily substitutn fo anothe pply teer teache of laboatoy etc technques eo trtor  pivate teache ttor o  atch out fo the teaches ppoach eep ve  nstitution tainn teaches: ollege of e

to

teacng  etive: iti pegg  at of teachin pe gogy  tuition iven oen in public by a vistin expet to a oup of ad vanced students ter l dis paain tem fo conventional teach in methods lk  lk  foein lanuae teachin usin only the l uae auht re eo  teach in mehod poceein by shot se tesed seps: prgre lerg peson ho has auht himself

o

teat  teapot cove y tea  etive: r  pone to o inducin teas: roe  lan poducin teas r gl

 ombnng form tecng e  technoloy fo manipulat in atos and molecules t olg  technoloy of distance com municaton

by

adio

eeo

o ie  technoloy

combinin electonics and mechanics etroi  technoloy o tan sisto and micochip cicuits ele tro  technoloy of obot desin use roboti  usin advanced tecnoloy igte foont of technoloical developmen leig ege   technoloical aon te  bbble  tepek  peson devi in and implemenin a ne echno loical device: geer  fea of technoloy yberpbi

teene

 ombinng form

tee

(e.g. taktn) publc tele phone activated by coins pypoe o bo  public telephone acti vated by a plastic cad rpe  telephone povidin visual as el as aual contact vieopoe  tele phone at the doo of a block of lats etrpoe  subsidiay telephone eteo  coess telephone usin ceula ao ellpe obe obe poe  put nto elephone oet p rg contact  aitin to be connecte  o  telephone speake and micophoe aaned to be held to the head  e  telephone speake and mico phone aaned to t ove the head eet  suppot fo a telephone handset e ook  device pe ventin e calle hean ones e maks te b main line of a telephone system tk e  tele phone conection ith an extenal ex chane: oe ie  telephone  shaed by  subscibes p e  dect telephone line fo emeency use ie telephone  fo a computer oe  tempoay tele  place phoe conecon pt hee telephone cals ae connected ege  manual exchane wtbr  sitchboad connect in nhouse extensos to each oe and to outside lines e br ege  line conecting to pi vate banch exchanes e e  tele



I

61



eephe  eev                         

                                                  

phon systm xprssing dialld grs by a sris of lctronic pulss pulse dillng • tlphon systm xprssing diald gurs by pitchd tons: tone dilling • dnoting a tlphon with numbr bttons that gnrat pitchd tons: touchtone • ara srvd by a singl cllphon transmittr: cell • copy th scrity cods of a mobil phon: clone . chng th scurity cods of a stoln mob phon rechip • dnoting a tlpho nding no wird connction: cordless mobile • nmbrs diald o rach a tlphon xchang code  book listing tlphon sbscribrs nd hir nmbrs: telephone directory • tlphon srvic givig this nformation: direcory en quiries . dnotng a tlphon nmbr not mad pblicly  availabl exdirectory • tap machin rcord ing incomig tlphon mssags nswering mchie nswerpone • cntral tlphon facility storng calrs mssags: voicemil • cal lking svral tlphons conference call • conrnc call providing visal nks videoconference • dnotng a call paid for by th rcipint reversecrge .nclosr givng privacy fo tlphon calls boot • similar facility providd by an agncy nswering service • scrt srvilanc of tlphon cas: tpping telephone tpping wre tpping • mak a tlphon call nntlligi y lctronic alration scrmbe • making sals by nsolicitd lphon cals: telemrketing telesles • odrng goods by tphon: eleshopping • mssag niti atd by tlphon bt dlivrd n wttn form telemessge • tlcommnications srvic sng tlntrs telex • tlcommnications srvic sg docmnt scannng fx • dnoting a tlphon lin n s: engaged • prson rpaing tlphon

                                                   

lins: linesmn .prson working at a tlphon switchboard: opertor

telee • tlscop opratg in spac by rmot control: spce telescope • bding hosing a lag tscop observtory

• combnng form tele elecne • tlvision channl

televii eg

on mst pay a spcial f to rciv: py chnnel py televisio • tlvision srvic transmittd by wir cble television • tlvision information srvic displaying comptr data rcivd by tlphon viewdt • dnoting a tlvision systm n which vido signas ar transmittd by wir to a rstrictd st of montors: closedciruit  tlvision st throwng ts imag onto a larg scrn projection television • iny ilminatd aa on a tlvision scrn pixel .uxtaposition of light and shad on a tlvision scrn contrst • claity of dtail on a tlvision scrn: definition resolution .ant scondary imag on a tlvision scrn: gost • whit spot on a tlvison scrn snow • irrgla movmnt in lns on a tlvision scrn: strobing .rmot tlvsion controls hndset . a tvsion of wand mag ntism deguss • damag to a tlvsion scrn om long s: burnin • caption at th foot of a tlvision pic t: subtile • givng a good imprssion on tvision telegenic • stag managr of a tlvison prodction foor mnager • prson ntodcing and playng msic vidos on telvi sion: video jockey • tlvsion broadcastrs prompt crd cue crd • pol proctng th microphon ov a tlvision cama: boom • stdio scr showng npt to a partcla camra monitor .tlvisd stdio comptition gme show . long tlvision programm raising mony for chaity: teeton • sampl pisod of a projctd tlvision sris broadcast

eper I eo to tet audience reacton piot "re cord  eeviion rogramme for ter viewing: imeshi  reove a teevi ion mge nto e for digita ue: pixeate . comuter c bocking voent or eua ecit materi: Vchip  tet and gric inform tion broadcat b teevon: teetext  ti cture brodct outide ro gramme our for tuning uroe est ca  teevon broadct of  cine m teecine temer  temer met or g b eting nd coong: annea temeramet  denoting a goom temerment: satnine  denotng  cngebe temerment mecia, oate temeratre  owet teoretic oibe temeture absote zeo  temerture t wic dew begin to form e point .temerture cae n ic wter bo t 100° Ces, centigae  temerature cae n wic water bo t 22° Fahenheit  ig bod emerature wit vering and eadace: fee  e ceve ow bod temerature hypo themia  denoting creature man tainin  contn bod temerture ambooe  denoting creature woe bod temerture vrie wit at of teir urrounding co booe  cooing effect of te wind uon ar temerture ch facto, inchi facto  denoting wine  room emerture: chamb  in trument meurin temerature: themomete  intrument record ing temerature vaaion: the mogaph  device reguing tem eratue theosat  sstem con· troing eerture uidt etc in ide  buding ai contioning  devce activated b temerature cge themostat  ot one cented on te equtor: toi zone  moderte zone nort and ou of t: tempeate zone . cod one

62 about eter of te oe frigi zone  ma ine joining oint of equvent winter temerture: isocheim  m ne joining ont of equvent um mer temerture: isothee  gradu incree n wordwde temerture goba aming

temle  teme of  te god pan theon .cic teme with a n ge row of coumn monopteos  denoting uc  teme: peiptea .teme butu entrance: popy aem .front vetbue of  cica teme: ponaos  inner cmber of  cica teme: cea, naos  ma onr tform on wic  teme  buit: steeobate  monumenta gate w to an ncient Egtn teme: pyon .teme recinct: temenos ( temen)  Hndu or Buddit tower teme pagoa . outer cm ber of te Jewi teme hoy pace  nner camber of e Jew teme hoy of hoies, sanctm sanctom te  combiig rm ec  denot ing a number tem baed n ten ecima, enay .eriod of ten ear ecae  occurring ever or tng for ten ear ecennia  ne gure wit ten ide ecagon  oid gure wit ten face ecahe on  atetc contet wt ten event for  cometitor: ecathon  Ten Commandment Deaoge tea  mone d to te andord b an incoming tenant key money .andord' euion o  tenan eiction ted  tendon ttacng te caf muce to te ee Achies enon  tendon t te bck of te knee: ham sting  inmmation of  tendon: tenintis  inammation of te ebow tendon: tennis ebo  i ammaton of te writ tendon teno synoitis  urgic cutting of  tendon tenotomy

64

ece I here

testce  ombg form or  having only one testcle: onorcd  faiure of a testicle to enter the scro tum: rptords  inlammaton of the testicles orts  surgical re moval of a testicle ordeto  sn pouch containing he testicles: scou . lamb's testcles as food bs r text  tet of a pla lm or broad cast: srpt  original version of a tet urtext  prelminary version of a tet dra  tet circulated for read ing or signature: round robn  tet epressed in dfferent words: paraprase  authors unpublshed tet anscrpt . computer manipula tion of tets: text proessng  at tempts to ascertain a tets orignal wording: textua rt s .denoting a tet whose authorshp is thought to be wrongly assned: aporpha, pseudepgrapa tet n ts author's own handwrtng: autograh, oograph  tet on a sngle topc: onograp  tet composed of qotatons from other authors ento  tet in rhyme or metre verse  tet not n rhyme or metre prose  tet systematcally omttng one or more letters of the alphabet: pogra  tet full of praise enou, euog panegr  aggressve or argumentatve tet: poe  au thortatve tet: ous assus  oci classci)  unprepared tet set for ranslaton unseen  opening words of a tet npt  closing words of a tet: expt  etract from a tet: gobbet, passage, perope  tet spoen for copying down: dtaton  introducton of errors nto a tet orrpton  nserton of etra mat ter into a tet: nterpoaton  inser ton of further matter between the lnes of a tet: nterneaton . cor rection of tetual errors: eendaton  piece of tet repeated elsewhere doubet  point where tet is miss

ng auna • tetual mar indcating corrupton: obeus  collecton of tets: orpus, sourebook . mar indcating a tetual insertion: aret  revised edton of a tet: reenson  ancien tetual commentator soIast detaled comparison of tets coaon  denoting a et edited from several sources: rtca .denot ing an edition using materia rom several sources: varoru  meld of several tets: onfaton, aron . relatonshp between tets: ntertextuat . diagram showing the supposed relationship between vari ous versons of a tet stea  par allel presentaton of several versions of a tet: snopss  ths using si versons exapa  list of words in a tet: onordane, gossar  e planation of a tet oentar, exe gess, goss . analysis of a tet's meanng xpaton, ereneuts  tet's basic message: gst  etual interpreation denyng any d meanng deonstruton  insolubl tetual prolem: rux  prepare a tet for publcaton: edt . shoten a tet whlst retainng its conten: on dene  edt or abridge a tet: ut  legal right to control the ublcation of a te oprgt  test of a stu dent's understandng of a tet o· preenson • translaton of a tet to help understanding: rb  portion of tet having a wider margn: ndent, ndentaton

tat side

 ombg form

( tansaline)

trans

eatre  variety theatre: us a .opera theatre: opera ouse theatre doorman: cossonare .theatre's general manager ntend ant  theatres lterary manager draaturge  part of a theatre used by the audence: ront o ouse  part of a theatre where the audence sits during the performance audtor u, ouse  part of a theatre where

36

hef  herapy

                                                                                                                                           costues are ae o store ad obe  art of a theatre use as ress in roos etc backsage  theatre enrance hal: foye  art of a the atre here scener is reare: scene shop  art of a theatre here ickets are sol: box oce  area for the or chestra: p  erson checkn ickets at the auitoriu entrance ushe ( ushtt)  seatin on the loo of a theatre: sas  seatin beneath the loest balcon p  loest bal con in a theatre dess c ce i e bacon in a theatre: ppe cce  hihest balcon in a theatre: gaey  searate section of the auitoriu for a fe sectaors bo  or be teen auitoriu an backstae: pass doo  arch at the front of the stae poscenu  reroof ro sceniu curtain: safey cuan  stae roetin into the auto iu apon hus sage a or to ars the front of the stae don sage  at or toars th rear of the stae upsage  sie of the stae to the actors le: pop sde  sie of the stae to he actor's riht o pop sde  area at the sie o f a stae gs  anle of sloe of the stage or a at of the auitoriu: ake  loorleel lihts alon the stae front: fooghs  area aboe the stae es  isantle a stae set ske  area here scener is built an ainte: scene sho p  substance to ake a stae ist: dy ce  actors' backstae rest roo: geen oo  acrs' entrance n a heatre leain iectl backstae: sage doo  aker of theatrical costues: cosue  theatr soun sste for hearinai users: nducon oop enotin a theatre out of use: dak � see also sceney

he  unauthorize use of anther's ork: pacy  resentin another's ork as ones on: pagas co ert the of entruste one: e

bezzeen, pecuaon  erson ho knowinl accets stolen oos eceve  roun u an steal lie stock use � ee also obbey heme  recurrent thee eof, of, ove  unelin thee: subex heooy theolo base on ob sere facts an exeriences: naua heoogy  thel base n a bal ance oosition of oo an eil: duas  theolo base on the ro ressie abanonent of inaequate concets: apophacs, va negava _ heolo of Christ Chisoogy  theolo of the Hol Sirit: pea oogy  theolo of the Virin Mar Maoogy  theoloial sse base on t oosin forces duas  theoloical basis o f church oraniza tion eccesoogy  theoloical oc trine tht the future is foreoraine: pedesnaon  unscriural oc trine hel o erie fro aostlic teachin adon  eieal West ern hlosohical an theoloical ss te schoascs  aruent that Go ust exist for ieas about hi to exist: onoogca aguen  aru ent for the existence of Go base on erceie rer in nature eeo ogca aguen  aruent for the existence of Go base on the inabil it of the unierse to hae create t se: cosoogca aguen heory  roisional theor hypoh ess  entin an inenious but sile theor eegan  exlanation of a theor exposon  theor's basic assutions fs pncipes  suorter of a theor advocae, ex ponen, poonen, poagons  scholoical thera heray that seeks to cure an unesirable habit b associatin it ith an un leasant exerience aveson he apy  scholoical thera siulat in the traua of bein brn:

66

heroeer  hree

ebithing . Chinese system f ther cognition  abiity t think cleary ay by ricking the skin with needes: lcidity  inabiity t think: menta acpncte .Jaanese system f bock  engaged in dee thght: theray by aying nger ressure:  pensive  tendency t think in a aracpesse, shiats  denting ticuar way: thoght patten  atheray aied after successfu treateged aranrma abiity t cmmuniment f a cancer t suress secnd cate thughts telepathy, hoght ary tumurs adjvant .theraeutic taneence  bdiy mvements r enactment f varius scia res oe sture taken t indicate thughts paying and feeings: bdy angage . shw ng creative thught inventive, oitermometer  thermmeter that gina  shwing r caabe f litte s the temerature n a revving thugh: shaow  think ver caregrah: themogaph .thermmeter fuly: m ove, mse pon fr w temeratures: cyomete  thermmeter fr high temeratures: tousd  mbnn forms kiopyomete  air f thermmeters ( kojoue) mil .thusandth an that measure humidity: psychomniversary millennim, mienay ete  ombnng toud miio tie  thief gaining access by cimb- form giga ( ggbyte) ing: cat bgla tousd miiot ombnng ti • gracefuly thn: se nde , svelte form nano ( nnosecond) .thin and bny scawny .thin and tousdt  ombnng form haggard gant .thin and unkemt: mi(i) (. mmete)  adee scaggy  becme thn and weak miesima waste away tread  sun thread yan . sing tig .thing as erceived by the length f thread: stand  sey senses phenomenon  thing as cn ciled length  thread: sken  cylin ceived by the mind: nomenon drica cntainer fr thread ee, tis ide  ombnng form cis- spoo (. csne) tret  threat made by a hstile  thrughbred miitary buildu: sabeattling torougred hrses: bloodstock  cnstant threat f disaster: swod o Damoces  crime f threatening torougy  ombnng form exand tuching a ersn assalt and ( excucte) battey  extrtin f mney under tougt  adee noetic .cn threat f reveaing incriminating se centrated thught: medtation  a crets: blackmai .ersn making ersn's nging thughts and reacide threats: pape tige . btain by tins t events: inteio monooge, threats extot steam o consciosness  thinking in which rblems are sved by  tree  ombnng forms te, ti  adjetes tenay, tebe tipe gica deductin vetica thinking  thinking in which rbems are  Three Wise Men: Magi  set f three: tiad, tinity, tio  three in sved by adtng a nve viewint: ne: tne . ne  f three ffsring latea thinking  human thught brn at b irth: tiplet  divi in int mechanisms r rcesses when cmthree tc   omy . ccurrg nce ared with thse f a cmuter in r asting fr three years tiennial wetwae . cnsciusness f nes . threehundredth anniversary: te meta wn thught rcesses:

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367

hree-ea  e

centena tecentennal tcenten ay, tcentennal  ancent shp wth three banks f ars teme  rup f three arwrks wth related themes tlogy  ensembe f three mus cans r musc fr them: to  sd ure wth three faces teon  pantn etc cvern three panes tptyc  threedmensnal pcture prduced by asers: ologam  three successve successes: attck  n three dentcal cpes in tplcate .hav three parts patte tple  invvn three partcpants tlat-

ea  combnng tredimensina for steeo  drawn  a three steeogam dmensnal bject

 mental

perceptn f three dmensnalty steeocognoss

tresld  ectve: lnal tr  cnstant thrtness scmpng trat  ectve gula ugula  thrat armur goget  thrat membrane fds makn vce sunds: vocal cos  muscular passae cn tann the vcal crds laynx voce ox  nammatn f the vcal crds and vce b: layngts  n fectn f the thrat causin whte patches and severe tchn tus  budup f mucus n the thrat catah qud t sw rund the muth and that: gagle moutwas  swen ssue at the back f the thrat aenos  cear the thrat nsy: awk

trug

 cobn for a (e.g.

diaphanous), tans (e.g. transoc

trw  thw cse ver a surface skm  thrw hard and frequently: pelt  thrw a bated hk r net cast  thrw ut: eect  dentn a thrw made wth the arm passn abve the shulder: ovam ovean dentn a thrw made wth the arm ept bew the shulder

uneam unean  stck that returns t ts thrwer: boomeang trid  veractvty f the thyrd  under and ypetyosm actvty f the thyrd land ypotyosm  neck swen caused by an enlared thyrd gOte

Tiet  frmer ruler f Tbet: Dala ama  ama net n rank t hm ancen ama  hnured betan Buddhst teacher npoce T etan Buddhsm amasm .betan a r whe wth nscrbed prayers paye flag paye weel . Tbetan Buddhst mnk: lama  Tbetan Bud dht mnastery lamasey  Tbetan Buddhst mystc syabe: om T betan relus scr pantn tanka  Tbetan Buddhst shrne coten .Tbetan : yak  betan tua e psure f the dead sky bua

t

 devce set t tck at a preset

ate metonome

 tcket va fr an utward jurney ny single  tcke vald fr

tet

an utward and return juney: eun  cheap sameday return ay etun  tcket vald fr a sine jur ney acrss several netwrks r inter chanes: toug  tcket  tcket vald fr a seres f successve juneys r events: season tckt  area tcket vn unmted trave fr a speced perd ove free tckets dstrb uted t creae r enare an audence pape  bk f tckets canet  de nt a tckt usabe n any ate open  mark a tcket t shw t has been used cancel  persn buyn up admssn tckets t rese at n ated prces tout

t  de  tde that rses hest spng   tde that rses east ea te  rsin tde floo ti  fn tde: b te  dentn a tde that s ne er rsn r fn sack . dent n a tde that s ut lo . denn a tde that s n g  (f a tde r

68

ger I  ood) to trap or oate omeone ma roo  tme of hgh and ow tde at a partcur pace de able tgr  femae tger gress .young tger cub  offprng of a mae tger and one: go  offprng of a mae on and tgre lgo tgh  pued tght au tghtr . tghtrope waer fu ambuls tghs .tght for dancg or gym natc mallo  actor' eh cooured tght fleshgs  vertca trp of unraveed fabrc n tght ladder, ru tl  ungazed ceramc oor te: quary, quarry le . curved nter ocng roof te pale  wooden e tero te for roof and wa shgle  thn mortar ued n tng grou tmr  cuttng and preparng tm ber loggg . dryng out of tmber: seasog, reame  denotng tmber that ha not been dred gree  rapdy preadng form of tmber rot: dry ro tm  combnng forms chroo), emp  adjectve chroologcal, emporal .tme when a peron wa actve floru  tme aowed for a faen boxer to get up: cou .tme when everyone mut tay ndoor cuew  tme that cannot be ued productvey dead me  tme of e ceptona propert achevement etc: goden age  tme for the opt mum pychoogca effect psycho ogcl mome  partcuar tme epoch, era .pont n tme: ucure  duraton f tme spa  amount of tme a peron  abe to concentrate on a partcuar topc aeo span  denotng the earet tme: prmeval, prmordal  na moment before an event coudow  tart tme: zero hour  tme between tart and nh durao  tme between tart and competon ead me

 tme

between mdnght and dawn: small hours  tcng devce that hep mucan eep tme: mero ome  devce meaurng tme me pece .devce howng the tme by a hadow from the un sudal  and vee meaurng tme: hourglass  cence of accurate tme meaure ment: chroomry  tudy of tme horology . mechanm actvatng a dece at a preet tme mer .m agned devce aowng paenger to tae to the future or the pa me mache  magned tmpace d torton aowng pope and obect of one perod to be moved to another me wap  regon obervng a com mon tme: me zoe  natona tme et an hour n advance n ummer for dayght avng summer me .na toa tme et an hour n advance throughout the year for dayght av ng: sadard me, daylgh savg me  tredne fet aer a ght acro tme zone e lag  atet tme for competo deadlne . fur ther tme granted for competon ex eso, grace  evade an ue n order to gan te: emporze .aw ettng a tme mt for ntatng a proecuton: saue of lmaos  tem of hortterm nteret or utty ephemero ( ehemea)  happen ng at the ame tme oncuren, smulaeous, sychrous .ext ng at the ame tme conempora eous, coemporary .for an unm ted tme: defely  not atng for ong: emporary, rase, ras ory .for the tme beng: pro em . at an nconvenent tme: oppor unely  done or happenng at an un utabe tme umely  before the proper tme: premaure .on tme pucually  unaffected by tme meless

tms vr e

t

 combnng form: fold

hundedfold)

 tnmnng dtrct saary

36 

 I o

 poo for a tps iven n a res-

taurat or hote: tonc

ede

. irednes and deresion occurrin ate a vira ection

choc fate sndome

 ombnng

e

for s . rm but exbe connective tssue catae  band of connective tssue: amet .mucussecretin tssue mucous membane  tissue ranferred sicaly a . stron eastic connectve tissue catae  smal sace n tssue vacuoe  swoen pusled tssue: abscess  abnorma haenn o body tisse: sceoss  abnorma ssue rowth caused by cncer neopasm  nitroen compound n tssue potn compatbiity hsto  tissue compatbt  thckenin and scar rin of connectve tissue: fboss  inammation o brous tissue: fbo sts  tissue daae from extreme cod fostbte  ocazed tssue death and decay anee ecoss  wastn away f tissue: atoph dstoph 0 coouress tssue ud mph  thick qud produced in in fectd tisue pus 0 natura sub stance controin tssue acvity: homone  danostc exaination of tissue: bops  medca imain of tissue manetc esonance man  iman of a tssue secton panaph  study of tssue structure hstoo  study of tissue canes caused by diseas hto

pathoo

e  heredtary riht to a tite etc successon oa'

 h crisp toast Meba toast

 sma piece of toas to dp nt suce etc sppet  sm piece of toast

served on soup or a saad couton meed cheese on toas Wesh aebt  eted cheese on toast ith a poached e: bck aebt

so-fh

a  toast drunk t th e oa tos bao  pece of tobacco f hew n pu, qud  powded co for snifn snuff  tobaco n in n a ppe: dote  sn n toaco ncotne  dark rsn prducd as tobacco is burn ta  invountary inhaaton of tobaco mke y onsmokers passve mon sec

oda smokn oe  toe bent permeny dwn d: hamme oe  dsse caus n oe pan ou  area of ard ski on a toe: con  funa oiion afecn the skn betwen the toes: at ete's foot  hvn nturned ts peontoed  excessive number  toes podact  denn anas tat wak on ther toes dde ogeer  mbn ng frm com e. ombnon)  unabe t st o work toether ncompatbe con-

uous orae muu toerace co exstence, puasm omb  dete sepucha " are and eaborate tomb ausou  rockcut or buit tomb: seche  ancient Eyptian omb mstaba  behveshaped Mycnen omb toos . nscrpton on a tomb ep taph  ancient tomb of three ae stones comech, domen  ancien stone bura chamber: cst  ancent buria mound: bao  toie monument cenotaph

 tombstone caver omboe monumenta mason oge  ombnng form osso )   aetes ossa, nua  rea of he tone sensitive to tases aste bud • ammation of the onue ossts  speakin with tones ossoaa o o-fa  rst noe n ths  secn not  system: doh  hid note: m  fourth note fah

370

tonsil I ooh

 h ote oh  sth note ah  seenth note  l  iammation o f the tonsis

tonlt . suica emova of the tonsis tonectomy



 too fo ajustin whee nuts whee bace  cokscewik too fo wooboin: auge, badaw, gmt  too fo breakin p ha oun: e  azeene pickaxe mat. heavy chise fo cuttin tock boste bick:  concavebae cis ouge  meat chope ceave . ubbe bae fo ceann winos: sqeegee  too fo cush in o inin: peste . cuve ct t to hoo  powee cuttin o shain to: machne tool  on be actua cuttin oo sche  shothane aicutua tn too wit a cuve ae sce  tee eavin too: bun gav  cowba fo focin win ow jmmy  aicutua two one fok ptchok  nn to   ippin toos pnces pe, og tweees  to fo ppi a nu o bot: pn  heecin too: sashe  too fo hoin an object my bace, camp vc  ion ba with a at tene en cowba .too fo mak  mixin an in anes: bevel speain too patua  oo fo moi o stampin out meta: de  oo fo iecin eathe aw  too fo apyin paste an mota towel  astesmoothin to oat  punn cippes secateus  pnin oo with a sikeshape  hooke punin bae bhook too on a n hane pnng hook .too makn seehoes dbbe, dbble  too fo sepaatin ope strans manspke . too fo shap in met: swage  too fo shapin oo aze  heavy powee too fo shapin woo, meta, etc machn tol . metsmoothin toos fe,

 powee smoohin too  woosmoothin too pae  wie spae: shove  sma naow spa fo cuttin oots spud  sma cuve spae owe  theshin too fa  enotin an austabe too: unvesa  too's hane heve  a·ow pat attachin the hane to the opeationa en shank  toos expanin hoe chuck  cuttin o ippin pat of a too: bt  evce asp and

iin a too j  g _ peson makin pecision machine toos: toomake



 ombnng rms dnt, odont, odon (.. masd)  jee denta  chi's st teeth mk eth  secon set of teeth ast in most of aut ife emanent teeth  naowee tooth use to cut ncso . pointe toth between the incisos an moas anne a nine ooth in the uppe jaw: eye tooth  boa inin tooth moa  i eua o pojectin tooth snaggetooth .on pointe tooth potu in fom the mouth: tusk .tooth emein at the back of the aw uin authoo: wsdom tooth  snakes venomiectin tooth ang  cut teeth tete  ub the teeth toethe noisiy: gnd  invountay inin of the teeth buxsm  pat of a tooth embee in the um: oot  m esh aoun a tooths oot gum  tooths st emeence thouh the um eupton  pat of a tooth above the um cown  pointe pojection on the top of a tooth cusp  ha oss substance covein the cown ename  bony pat of a tooth beow the ename: dente  so tissue in sie a tooth pup .tooth ecay: aes  bacteia m on teeth plaque  ha yeowish eposit fomin on teeth cacuus, scae, tata  e caye aea on a tooth cavty  bock this: f  passae thouh a tooth fo the neves an boo vesses ot canal  ap between teeth dastema

371

op I ow

                                                                                                                                             

 denoing

( dtet)

a ooh wedged eween anohe ooh and he ja: aced . aoy used o  eeh: aal  ing shaped o  a ooh caviy: a  wie device o saighen eeh: ace  poecive coveing fo a ooh ca  aicia epaceen o he uppe pa of a ooh: co . aicia epacemen fo a ooh suppoed y he eeh on eihe side: de deok  shaped pasic hoding fase eeh: deue a e  dena epai enew ing oh appeaance and fncion: esao  ugica emova of a ooh eaco .denisy of chi den: aedodocs  eeh pesen in a ouh: deo  numeica fomua expessing his: dea fo ua  posiion of eeh wih cosed jaws occuso  ad ooh posiion ing wih coed aws: a  ccuso  eguaizaio of he eeh o jaws ohodocs  cae of he suce suounding he eh: eodocs eodooo  iammaion of he isse aound eeh: eodons .ne head pued eween he eeh: dea foss  poined piece of wood o pasic fo ceaning eween he eeh: oohck .copound added o ining wae o aes ooh decay fuorde  peson eaing and exacing eeh: des  design manufacure and ing of fase eeh oshodocs  peson who maes and epais fase eeh: dea echn can .moud m de ound a pesons eeh: resso  sudy of eeh odooo  oohed whe: co socke  oohed pojecion on a whee o cyinde socke

a

top 

 op of a hi o mounain: su

 ex on a singe opic onoah  genea suvey of a opic: oee soss  eaed o a paicua opic: heac  depa fom he opic: ess  wandeing

topic

fom opic o opic dscuse eevan o he opic: exaeous

torture

 i

 caning he soes of h e fee:

. oue y dipping asado wae ae oue  fame on which he vicim may e seched: ack  device cushing he hums:

husce

 adjc

ace  ody examinaion y ouch ao  ae o e ouched: ae  ha canno e ouched o fe: aae

touc

tourism

 ouism

iended o in cease ecoogica awaeness ecoo s  peiod of maximu ouis a iviy hh seaso  peiod of eas uis aciviy: o season  agen accopanng a ouis goup cou e .ouis guide: cceone ( c

ceon) daoa ( don) tournament  onmen fo medieva nighs: ous

towards  cmg m ad ( dvecton) tower  aipo owe fo ac con

o ocias: coo oe   owe: ef caae  cases cena owe kee doon  owe aove a gae o dawidge: aca  indusia owe o condense seam: coo oe . osque owe: ae  sma owe: ue  owe pojecing fom a defensive wa: aso  Hindu o Buddhis owe e pe: aoa  sepped empe owe in ancien Mesapoaia: ua  ancien Scoish owe: och  owe op apeing o a poin e

seee

town ua

 adjece  panned

cc, muca,

own wih age open spaces: ade c  own whose inhaians mosy wo ese whee: doo  deseed own: h os o  fusion of sevea owns couao  acwoods own in Souh Afica: do  vsua appea ance of a own: oscae  sqaid

32 ;

ow pag I rafc

..................................................................................... urban area sl m , twlt zone  unsihy suburban developen sb toa  public plannin and conrol of urban developen: town lannn . lis of owns azettee . linkae of a own wih a silar one abroad for social and culural exchanes ec twnnn  person eployed o shou announceens in a owns srees

town ce t laig

. ocial perission for he eecion or aleraion of buldins lannn emsson  area eararked by planners for a aricular ype of developen: zone  redevelopen of rundown urban areas ban enewal .collapse of propery values due o expeced area redevelopen: lann t  public faciliy offered by a developer in reurn for plannin perission

lannn an ty  wheeled board like a sinle roler skae: skateboad  wheeled oard wih seerin handles: scoote  par of disks spun on a srin yoyo  sprun jupinsick: oo stck .oy showin coloured paerns in a ube kaledoscoe  opical oy producin a ovin picure tama toe, zoetoe  sick wih curved vanes urnin in he wind wndill . coonlike subsance for sufn so oys: kaok

tade  adees economc, me cantle . unresriced rade: fee maket, oen maket .ain ie of rade stale  rade by exchane ra her han sale bate  inernaional rade by barer contertade  se cre rade in ies oherwise avalable only fro sae oules or no a  black m aket, aalle l ma ket _ radin wih iediae payen and de livery sot maket  radin for laer payen and elivery: fes  rade brouh by a paricular clien: cstom  ac cont  illeal rade taf fc  decline in rade downtn

 radin

cenre entet  rade aen abroad comado  denoin rade unnoiced by ofcial saisics ey, nfomal . denoin he cheap end of a rade downmaket  deno in rade showin no iproveen lat . roup of counries exercisin free  rade aon heselves: com

mon maket, stoms non, snle maket  discouraeen of forein ipors by hih ariffs ec: otec tonsm  auhoriy o rade wih anoher's oods fancse . auhoriy o rade a a specie place con cesson  rade resricions iposed upon a forein counry unil i chanes is policies: sanctons  ofcial ban on rae: embaro  wors used in a rade ec aon tade  ombnng form: mone (e.g. shmonge) . local rader lttle man .rader sellin on mddleman  rader in solen oods: fence . wholesale rader: mecan .cobinaion of raders o  prices: ca

tel, ce n tade ui

 senor ofcial of cerain unions convene  branch of cerain unions cael  supporer o rade unions: nonst  ran a

union workplace neoiaion rihs: econze . wihdraw such rihs deeconze . recrui in a work place: oanze, nonze  work place where union ebership is vol unary oen so  workplace where eployees us oin a union whin an areed ie non so  workplace where nion ebership is copulsory closed so  denoin a workplace wih no union presence or of work produced here non non � see alo ndstial elatons taditi  radiional belefs, cus os, and sories of a couniy folklore . abandonin radiion n

novatve, adcal tafic  excess rafc: coneston  ie of peak rafc s o  de

7 notng tac whose estnaton es beyon ts present ocaton hough xe post use to pevent trac access: oad eberate sowng of trac: affc camng  rght to pro cee whe other tafc must wat: ght of ay  ashng yeow gobe at ethe en of a peestran roacrossng that s not controe by trafc ghts Besha eacon  arangement for tafc to merge wth that on a tansverse roa fte  traf c jam ectng seer streets gd ock  cose to tafc pedesanze

ai tran wth two engnes at ts font doue heade  tra rven by motors beneath ts carages mul tpe unt  tran taveng on a cushon of ar hovetan  tran wth seepng accommoaton seepe tran run empty ghost tn enotng a tran unnng towars a majo cty up  enotng a tan un nng away from a majo ct don  enotng a feght tran wth a xe contnuous oute meygoound  enotng a tran caryng both goos an passengers med  tans scheue route across the network path eave a tan dsemak  route ncato on a tans font headoad  awayman n charge of a tran guad  vehces of whch a tran s compose stock ong stock  wagons or caages coupe togethe for a patcua sevce tan set  movement f rong stock from one ne to another shuntng  set of pvote whees for rong stock oge pojectng m on whees of away vehces fage  uxury raway carage Pulman  raway carages encose entrance aea vestue .parttone secton of a awy cr rage compatment  carage wth bes seepe, seepng ca seepng caage  seepngcar be eth  Contnenta seepng carrage agont  raway carrage whose

ra  rapor seats convert nto bunks: couchette  agewnowe carage: oseva ton ca  seess goos wagon fat  ttng on the en f a rawa vehce to jon t to another coupng  safety swtch n a ocomotve cab tht cuts the engne uness constanty epesse by the ver dead mans hande token gven to ve enter ng a sngetrack secton: staff �see also aay

aiig

 nteractve

tranng en

vronment for pots smuto fght

smuato am  extenng framewok connectng wth overhea power nes

pantogaph ae  tansfer of goos gvng a rght t use ony: amen person conferrng ths mte rght ao

 person recevng ths mte rght

aee peson ecevng a ght or propety b ega transfer assgn, as sgnee  arrve n tme for passengers to transfe to onwar anspot

connect aio

 esgn of evces usng

transstors eectoncs

aai  computer tansaton automatc tanslaton, machne translaton  fee tansaton par phase  tea transaton meta phase  unpepare text set fo transaton unseen  person makng oa tansatons ntepeter aa  boys hoste eacton to a tanspante ogan: rejecton

 ug gven to prevent rejecton of a

transpante

ogan

mmunosup

pesso  transpot of goos ao feght, haulage  batch of goos transporte spment . arge exbe contaner for watetansport of qus dacone  transport com pany cae, haue shppe company povng schee pubc a transport ane  rght to oerate

375

re  rh

trunk: gnrl kng • abnormal growth on a tree tunk gll • imple plant growing on tree chen .cuti vation of tree: rborculture for estry slvculture • botanica garden devoted o tree: rboretum • place where young tree are grown: nursery • entwine tree brache: plech • cut back a tree for pole coppce .cut down a tree: fell • cut made round a tretrunk grdle . eron runing older tree: tree surgeon .eron feing tree lumbej ck label at tached to a ree: tlly • buhe ec growing round a tree: undergrowth  tudy of tree dendrology .dia gram laid out like a tree: dendro

grm

• trei

along which the branche of fruit tree are trained: es pler  trei crrying limbing plan over a garden path or arbour

c

pergol

tial

. tria invalidated by a legal technicality: mstrl • trial held for publicity purpoe: show trl • hand over to a foreign tate a peron ac cued of commiting a crime there: etrdte • mock tria a an academic legal exercie moot • trial run of an idea poic etc to gauge public reac tion: bllon dess trl blloon �see also lwcourt

tial ad rrr

• triaanderror

method of olvng  problem: eus

tc

trial • riangle with three equal ide: equlterl trnge • denoting a triangle with two equal ide: sos eles • denoting a triangle with un equa ide sclene • longet ide of a rightangled triangle: hypotenuse . urveying ytem baed on mea ured triangle trngulton

tri . egal or nancial trickery hcnery • deliberate deception of a truting peron confdence trck

• eaily tricked

nve

• trick

ome

one into doing omething begule

Triit

• threeinone: trune • indi

vidua member of the Trinity hypos tss . denotig the hared eence of member of the Trinity consub stntl • aertion that the three member of the Trinity are eparate god: trthesm • peron claiming to believe in God but denying the exit ence of the Triniy Untan

t r i  .pleaure trip: oung tiial  trivial remark: bromde

• converationa

exchange of trivial itie smll tlk . anticlimax reult ing fom an unexpected mention of riviaitie bthos

 troop in permanent mli employment regulrs • extra

trs

ary force kept for emergency ue: re serves • member of uch a force re sevst • troop not part of an etab ihed force: egulrs guerrlls • troop taioned in a town or ort: grrson • troop traned to erve on and or ea: mrnes • troop trained in parachuting partroops  pace where troo are tationed: post postng grrson • troop livn ac commodation: brrcks bllt ur ters . arrangement of troop rry ormton . narrow but deep forma ion of troop: column . line o troop drawn up abreat: rnk  gath ering of troop for inpection etc: muster . draw up troop in parade formation dress • poition toop for batle: deploy • equip troop with motor vehice motorze • long leave granted to troo furlough � se also

solder trust • adee fducry • peron adminitering a trut tustee • inno cently truful nve unsuspectng truth .true but trite tatement: tru sm • appearance of truth: verml tude • aeedly or eemingly true: ostensble • guarantee the ruth of

ube I upee

76 ,

warran . rove the truth o emon- enemys deences sap • tunnelsae . deny th e truth o: conro- buildin by diin a trech and roover n it ove cuancover tube . tube conveyin liquid rom a ,.tubie  combnng form ro-

hiher to a lower vessel by atmosheric ressure sphon .very thin tube cpiary • thin tube inserted ino a vein o body cavit canua . thi tube nserted nto the urethra caheer  insertion o a tube into the body nuaon  lass tube with a closed end used in laboraory exeriments: es ue • ube with mrrors o see over or roud an obstacle pescope .tube ivin the imae in a televsion or comuter cahoe ray ue • made o tubuar sectons, each tn insde the last: eescopic tuu • combnng forms onco oma • denotin a tumour that does not seriously threaten health engn • benin umour o atty tissue poma .denotn a umour that sreads out o control and returns ater treatment maignan .malinant skin tumour carcinoma • malinant tumour o the bone marrow myeoma • tumour o melanin ormn cells: meanoma .mainant tumour o connectve tissue sar coma • slowrowin malinant acia tumour roent ucer • mali nant tumour o the testis eraocarcnoma • ausin tumous oncogenc  surical destruction o tumours by an elecric current eecroyss • study and treatment o tumours oncoogy  see also cancer tue .simle tune ar • easily memorable tune jnge • tune o es tablished oularity sanar • musal embeshment to a note in a tune ornamen • reworkin o a comete tune variaion . tune ra ment contantly reeated osnao • section o a tune reularly reeated

efran tue .road or edestrian tunnel unerpass • tunnel du under an

.turbine owered by an enines ex haust ases uocharger  turbin blade vane

tuey • noise made by a turkey goe  leshy lobe hanin rom a turkeys neck: wae Tus • combnng form Turcoe. Turco-Sovit) .Turksh admn il stratve distrct vaye • latwoven :.l Turkish caret km • Turksh  mixed hors doeuvre mezes .Turk " r ish dish o stued auberines Imam  ay  Tukish dsh o sied �: lamb oner kea • Turish dish dried cracked wheat ugar .Turkish robe oen at the ront oman .lon Turish tobacco e chiouk • Turkish summer house kosk .Turkish shared taxi oms . Turksh nomads tent yu .or mer ttle o a Turkish district gov ernor ey • ormer title o a Turkish  senior ocer pasha • member o the Turkish sultans ormer uard jan sary tu  combnng forms rop e.. ropism, ropc e. .turn assined in rotation u rn • comlete tun o a vehicle in a conned sace by movn backwards  and orwards hreepoin ur • comlete turn o a vehicle in a sinle arc Uurn . race with consant turns sam • ass round in turn  roae • sudden or unexeced qurk • ul o twists and turns ous • ruia turnin oint Ru· con, watershe • turnn orce orque .turn into bone oss .turn into stone per • turn ro its course eec • turn violently sew tuete • adetve erenh·  ne

7 trtle ookey twele

ure I yre

 tutles

beeding gound:

 mbnng rm

dodeca  adjees duodecma, duodenay  twelvesided gue: dodecagon .twelveone musical system seasm, dodecaphony twety  djee vgesma .set of twnty: scoe (. same) twe mbnng rms b, d( dod) . occuing twice a month: bmonthy .occung wice a yea: bannua, semannua twlgt  djee cepuscua tws  denoting twins joined at bith: amese  denoting twins developed fom the same ovum: dent ca, monoygotc, monoygous  denoting nonidentica twins: dygotc, dygous  astological  tem emn twst .sudden shap twst: ench .of a ship o aicaft) twist fom side to side: ya  twst unnatually: contot  be twisted by heat o damp: dstot, ap twt .uncontolled facial witch tc two  mbn ng rms b, d, du(o)  djees bnay, doube, dua .dvision into two categoies: dchotomy  (of a legislative body) havng two chambes camea .fo two eas bnaua .fo two eyes: bnocua  twofaced dupctous  anmal hing two feet bped   o able to speak, two languages: bngua  ability to be n two places simltaneously bocaton .avng two names o tems: bnoma . volving two paticipants: batea, b atsan, bpatte  havng two pats: bnay, bpate, du  thing having two pats: dyad  twoided

batea  aicat having two sets of wings: bpane  athletic contest with two events fo all competitos b athon . esemble of two musicans, o music fo them duet  paining etc coveing two panels: dptych  ancient waship with two les of oasmen on each side: beme  occuing evey two months: bmonhy . occuing once in o (of a plant) astng fo, two yeas: benna  two hundeth nnvesay: bcentenay, bcentenna . cut n two bsect te  mbnng rm ey (

geeney)

tyee  set of pinting type ont . upght typeface: man . sloping typeface tac .slight stoke at the end of a prnted ltt sef  seifess typefae: sans sef  thicooking typeface: bod  typeface imitatng handwiting: scpt  Geman taditional typeface aktu  ngish equivalent back ete tyewrg  movng pat of typ wte fo positonng ppe: caage  typewte olle: paten  typewite key gvng capital lettes: sh ey  typewite key giving a new ine caage etun  typewite key giving fee movement of pape: caage eease .standad Englishangage keyboad layout: quet  type using al nges and without ooking at the keys touchtype tyre  tye with diagona crds: cospy  tye with cods at igt angles to te cicumfeence: ada  tyres renfoced inner edge hat gips the rim of the wheel: bad  thick moulded pat of a tye tead  goove in a tye tead spe . nat able tube iide a tye: ne tube  won ty given a nw trea e moud, etead

Uu er  denoting an lcer sow to hea idolt mra ight umbrea giving shade from the sun rsol narmed mat  sports giving sk in unarmed comat mrtil rts ne  jectve vuulr chid of ones unce or aunt ousi nncne  semi conscous state stuor ong period of deep unconsciousness om  temporary oss of consciousness blkout  state of unconsciousness with body rigidity tlsy, ttoi  unconsciosness from a bow to the head oussio  knock un conscous st nnventna  unconventiona person tri  deiberatey un conventiona person ft trribl (l nfants trribs)  shock the staid by unconventiona behaviour tr ls bourois nder  cobnngors hyo (eg hypodric) i (eg infra-rd), sub (eg sub-zo) ndergrnd  underground cem etery tomb  underground com mand centre bukr  underground raiway  London tub  under ground raiway  Paris mto  underground raiway  Rome mtroolit  underground ra way  the USA suby ndermne  underme a fortca tion b tunneg beneath it s  undermine an organization by es tabishig agents with it filtr  such an agent mol

ndertand  easy to understand rsiuous, usrrdly  imme diate understanding not needg r tiona thought ituitio hard to understand imti, imti obsu  impossibe to understand imtbl issibl idihrbl, id istibl  make hard to understand obust ndertandng  perceptive under tandg iht ttio  sym pathetic understandg mthy  nforma dipomatic understanding between two nations tt ordil  deiberate ndertatemen understatement litots ndeaer  seaed underwter chamber isso  underwater wa reachg to the surface to provide a dry area or, orm  divers underwater vesse open at the bottom and ed with ar div bll  submareike vesse for deep bthyunderwater exporaion sh nderd  denotg the under wod htho, hthoi  god of the Cassica underword: s luto  his consort rsho  river borderg the Cassica under word   ferryman of the Styx �ro  unempoyent nemment due to change of ob ritiol u mloymt  unempoyment due to dustria reorganization struturl umloymt nfrm  unform for a specied purpose ordr  uniform of a par

379 ticulr regment egmentas .rdnry unrm: ndress .lse drb unfrm: fatiges  unifrm fr frml but nt ceremnil ccsins servce dress . cers unifrm fr frml dinners: mess kit  tight jcket fr this: mess jacket, monkey jacket  tight dress trusers: overals .clsettng shrt ct: tnic .sldiers peked cp: foage cap  mili try bdge nsgnia ( same) .rnmentl shulderpiece n a unifrm jcket: epaette  clured ptch f clth indicting regment: fash  Vshped stripe n the rm f  unifrm chevron, stripe  crd hlding  whistle etc: anyad  rnmentl fstening: frog  belt wrn by certin rmy fcers with  strp ver the shulder: Sam Bowne  ilitry f cers shrt stick: swagge stick  militry bt reching  t the knee: jackboo  herlds emblzned ct .jesters utt: motley tabad .nnunifrm clthes: plan clothes, cvves, mft

o  enrced unin f Austri with ermny in 938 Anschlss   independent unit: modle  single r indivisible unit: monad Ued Saes .Texn ht stet son  New Yrk undergrund ril wy: sbway . New Yrk stck ex chnge al Stret  generl index f New Yrk shre prices: Dow Jones ndex y  pursuit f unity between ll Christin churches: ecmenism ese  combn ng form cosmo  adjece cosmc .the universe be ynd the erths tmsphere: oter space, deep space  the universe viewed s n rdered system: cosmos  belief tht d mde the universe: ceationsm  scientic elbrtin f this: ceation science  explsin f dense mtter sid t hve begun the

uo I uvery universe bg bang  thery tht the universe is supprted by cnstnt cretin f mtter: steady state  study f the generl fetures f the universe: cosmogaphy  study f the rigns f the universe cosmgony  study f the rigin nd develpment f the universe: cosmology esy  adjece academc . university t which ne ws educted: alma mater  university enrlmatrclaton  rstyer ment: university student: freshman .uni versity student wh hs nt yet tken his rst degree: ndergradate .denting  university member belw the grde f mster: n stat ppari  grnt nancng university stuy brsay . prtil remissin f fees wrded t  prmising undergrdute: exhibition, scholarshp .such undergrdute: exhbitoner, schoar  undergrdute hving neither  schlrship nr exhibitin: commoner  university student in hs r her nl yer: fnalist, schosman  denting  student exmined but nt tught b  university external  denting  student tught nd exmined by  university: ntenal .frmer university student almns (. alumna;  alumn)  denting university teching given t nnmembers extrama  intrductry university curse: fondaton corse  university clss fr  smll grup: semnar  lng uniersity essy: dis sertation, thess  level f merit gined in  university exmintin: cass, hono  s  university cdemic wrd: degree  university de gree with the highest hnurs in tw subjects r exmintins do be rst . degree with grdings fr bility: honors degree .degree withut hnurs: pass degee  degree ceremny gadaton  persn but t receive  degree gradand .persn wh hs received  degree gradate

 . . .  .  . . . . .  . . . .  . . .     . . . .  . . . .   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . .     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .  .   . .   .   . . . . .  . . .    .  .  .        .  .   . . . . .  . . . .    .  .   .

.person holding a rst degree: chelor • person holding a mor ad vanced degree mser • person hold ing the highest degree ocor • niversity robes: cemcls .dark clothes worn with niversity robes: ssc • title of the head of certain niversities chcellor, rec or • senior niversity administa tor egsrr • univrsity ocial carrying ofcial insignia on cereo nial occasions ele eel eell • niversity disciplinary ofcial procor • stdents' elected represen tative in Scottish niversities: recor • chief niversity teacher proessor • niversity teacher o • perman ent employment as a niversity teacher: ere • meeting of niver sity senor members: cogrego • eeing of niversity gradates: covoco .niversity teaching • niversity department cly teachers relaxation room: seor comm o room • head o f a niversity • extended leave faclty e granted to a niversity teacher s cl . niversity extramral t ition: exeso • niversity nance ofce ches • niversity site and bdings cmps • niversity ac commodation block: hl l o resece .niversity dining hal: reecory • university holiday: vco • grop of prstigious US universitis vy Lege • arrive at niversity come p • leave niversity: go ow • expel from niversity: se ow • recruiting agents tour of niver sities: ml k ro .period of stdent anics to raise money for charities: rg � ee alo caemc, Cmrge, colege, Oxor unrtd • northodox person: mverck unsutae • make or declare n suitable: sqly unuua .nsal or nexpected act or event aerrao

• on ng for  ( ndomous) • straight up vercl

u 



 nng for ep

eghy)

uer

• on ng for

ovecot)

ude dwn ver

• trn

(

over (

pside down:

uranum • modify ranim increas ing its explosive power er h urge • sdden rge to act: mplse . rge to peform an nwise action: cacoehes

d

urne

 onng for ro

uogentl)

• horse

(

and catte rine: stale .rinecreating gland key • system condcting rine from id ney to rethra: rry c  bodily sac holding rine: ler  dct by which rine passes from the kidney to the bladder rer  duct by which rine is discharged fro the bladder: rehr • inlamation of the r ethra ehrs • tube insrted into the body for draining off rine: ch eer • painl rinaton ysr  • involntary rination ress • inabity to control rination: coece • prodction of exceptionally smal amonts of rine olgr .ex cessive rine prodction: ress • prodction of mch dilte rine: polyr . presence of blood in the rine hemr • excessive ke tones in the rine keor . drg increasing rination rec . drg decreasing rination rec  stdy and treatment of the rinar system: rology

ue • avaiable for us:  oe's s posl, ree • easy to se rely, seroree • hard to serhosle • items or persons kep for later se reserve • to be se once and thrown away sposl • excessive se overkll • earmar�  an item for specc use reser

i

38 1

sefl I ters

make the best possible use of optimize 

fl

very useful thing godsnd  useful in real circumstances: pac tical 

r

. combnng form ist motorist)



(e.g

combnng forms: hyste(o), ute(o)  adjective uteine .within the uterus intautein cevix  en  neck of the  uterus trance to the cervix os  uterine organ nourshing the fetus pacenta .attachment of the egg to the uterus wall implantation  mucous memrane lining the uterus endomtium 

lammation of the uterus mitis  periodic uterine bleeding menstration, peiod  abnormal uterine bleeding: mtohagia  diagnostic sampling of luid from a pregnant uterus: amniocentesis  specimen taken from the cervix to detect cancer cevical smea  vacuuming the uterus as a means of abortion: vacuum aspiation  surgical scraping of the uterus: dilatation and cuettage  surgical removal of the uteus hysteectomy  hormone stimulating uterine  preparation for pregnancy pogesteone  hormone stimulating uterine contractions and mlk secretion oxytocin 

Vv aine • supplementary dose of glen  • valley in Wales: cw • steep vaccne: booster . treat th vac valley n northern England gy cne: in oculate vaccin ate • narro vaey t steep sides: ri am • denotng a arometer valey .eep river gorge canyon ravine . mountan vlley: gorge usng a vacuum ox to measure at • sort valley n southern England: mosperc pressure anero cobe • steep narro valley in Dor agia  combnng fom colpset or te Isle of Wgt: cine • steep • senstve area at the top of te va narro valley n nortern ngland: gna: cltoris . senstve area inse coug • steep narro valley n te vagna: G spot • area surround Nort merca: guc .narro ing te outer end of te vagina: vulva or pass: efile • ooded valley: • memrane partially lockng the en gorge ene • small oode valley: ell trance of a vrgns vagna: yen • paiul spasmodc contracton of te ae . value stated on an item of vagn vaginisus • nlammatn currency: face vaue • items value of te vagna: vaginitis • nfecton of n an oners accounts: book value te vagina causing te patces and • tems value  sold: arket vaue severe tcng: trus .ts dis steet valu e . cost t replace an tem charge from te vagna leucoroe replaceent value  ncrease n vaginosis • vagnal dscarge at te value: appreciatio . decrease n onset of laour or menstruaton value epeiation . loss of value sow • vagnal ulcer: enantea ue to ear and tear: epreciation • meca examnaton of the vagna . estmaton of an tem's value: vau coposcopy • vagnal plug asor ation • assgn a value to: vaorize ng menstrual lood: tapon .e • former system enng a currencys vice nserted n te vagina pessa value n terms of gold gol stanar • sold medcaton nserted to dssolve • amont y c te value of an n the vagna pessa supposito item s ncreased at eac stage n ts • surgcal cuttng of te vagina to ease producton: vue ae • reuce chlrt: episiotoy • excson of te nomnal value of stock held: write the cltoris an sttcng togeter of own • proportionate to value: a te vulva: infibulation valoe agant • vagrant o searces ae ade ta • enotng lale eaces for ojects of value: beactems tat are not in fact taxe zero cober rate age • vague and unorldly: fey ae  ar valve on a crurettor ' • vague feelng of uease: alaise coke • automatc ater rell valve: ai • make vald: atiy • end of ballcock  externally operated valve valdty: expi regulatng  trough a ppe: stop cock • valve preventing reverse o ae • vlley n nortern England: ceck valve ae . valley n Scotland or Ireland:

383 aty  vaiety of plant o anial developed y eeding: sra ansh  had black o coloued vanish japa  clea natual va ish: acqer  vey had anish: acht arsh .had esin used to ake vanish: ros .esi lakes used to ake vanish: sheac .oil used in ixing vanish: urpe as  tall vase with a st and bae: ur atca  Vatican ageeent wit anothe state: cocordat  see as pope alt  ounded oong vault om  vault foing a half cylinde: arre aut  pai o intesectig ae vaults groi aut  onent cove os ing conveging vaulti  shot vauing i: ere  al  costicted cage i whic calves ae eaed fo veal crate vtab  ous eleet in ve apeitif of getales: roughg ixed aw vegetales rud  cea of lquidied vegetales: pure  vegetales inced o stuff ing: forcemeat  dish of ixed cdoe chopped vegetales  dis o f ied cold vegetas saad  dish of ied fied vegetales rata toue  ganish of ixed vegetales: arde  dish of sliced vegetales cooked in ilk: duphos chopped vegetales  sauted mrepo  disese caused  lack of fesh uit and vegetales cr tan  stic vegetaia who avoids  anil podcts: ga .vegetaian also consuing ilk poducts: actoegetara  peson consuing eggs lk and egetables: atoovegra hl  vehicle tht ca opeate on and o wate: ampha .aphiian tavelling on a cushion of ai hercra  vehicle with a la load crying aea aed  sall ve

va I Vc hicle o cat foat  unpoweed vehicle towed y anothe: traer .light Asian vehicle dawn y one o oe pesons: rckshaw  goup of ve hicles tavelling togethe: covo  vehicles base fae: chasss  vehicle's oute shell od, bodwork, coachork  oute stuctue added to ipove aeodynaics: farg  spings etc suppoting a vehicle: suspeso  distance etween a ve hicle's font and ea axles whee as  axle heelounting: hu  alignet of a vehicles wheels: tracg  decoative cove fo wheel nuts: hu  cap .vehicle pat pojecting ove a wheel: wg  patial vacu in the wake of a oving vehicle: spsteam  distance a vehicle can tavel without efuelling: rage  lis of passenges o paces caied on a vehicle: wa .vehicle's intinsic weigh dead oad  weight of people o goods in a vehicle: e oad  weighing appaatus fo vehicles weghrdge  coplete tu of a vehicle in a conned space y oig ackwads and fowads: hreepot tur  coplee tun of a vehicl in a single ac: Utur . device oilizing a ilegally paked vehicle whe cmp  .Musli woans vel ash mak Vlco  spot ojupng at a Velco wall in a Velco suit a jup g n dsas  disease with inlatoy dscage fo the uetha o vagina goorrhoea  dis ease attacking the ones uscles and ain: phs  disease with painful genial blistes gta herpes  painless genital ulc: chacre nc .foe ule of Venice: Doge  sall Venetian passenge oat godoa  opeato of this go doer  song of Venean gondolis: arcroe  Venein at bus: aportto

vrq I vcry

384

.            . .    . .  .     .    . .     .       .      .    .  .  . . .  .           .  .   .  .                        . . .  .  .             . . . .  . . .      . .    .   . . .  . . . . . . .

ventriuist • ventroqist's do dumm Venus • Greek me prodit ver  recite the foms of an iect ing ver onugate denoting a ver taking a direct object: ransitive • denoting a ver not taking a direct object intransitive verdit • verdict agreed by  jrors unanimous verdt • verdict agreed y a t one or two jrors majority vrdit • verdict that the ac csed is not gty: aquia jry's comment added to its verdict: ridr • denotng a verdict aganst the weight of evidence: perverse • deno ng a verdict reached on nreiae evidence unsa, unsatisatory • denoting a verdict reached withot a ry: summary • coroner's jry ver dict on a sspicios death open veri • ann a ega decision overturn, st aide verin • rid of vermin diint veut • dry vermoth Frn vrmou • sweet vermoth: Itaian vrmout verse • easiy memorae verse in g • verse that rhymes bt does not scan: oggr metrica t n rhymed verse ban vrse • verse withot rhyme or rhyhm: r vr • rhythmic pattern of a piece of verse: mr, proody • metrica anaysis of verse anion • metrica scheme mitatig norma speech: prun ry • metrica nit n versca tion oot • verseine of ve fee: pntamter • verseine of six fee eameter verseine of seven feet eptamtr • verseine of eeven sy abes: ndayab • cena pase n a ine of verse asura • hf a ine of verse: misti  forne stanza qatri • matched pair of verse ines oupe, disi • grop of three rhyming nes rt • grop of for verse

ines etra sti • grop of verse ines formng a metrica nit stanza, strope, vre • stye of rhyme wth , severa repeated syaes o verse • contination of the sense eyond the ineend enjambement • denoting verse havig a pase at each neend ndtopped  stress in a ne of verse: itus • theory and practice of verscation prosody see ao poem, ryme vetia • weighted ie estaish ng verticaity pumb ine • weight on a pm ine bob, pumb, pumb bob, pummt vestments • sma sqare itr gica hat worn y RC cergy birea • skcap worn by RC cergy: zu eo • strips of white coth worn at the neck Geneva ban • wooen shoder vestment worn y the pope and RC archishops paium ong garment of ack or red coth worn nder other vesents: asso • hipength vesent of white inen worn over a cassock oa surpie • ishop's ong srpice roet thick white ankeenh vesment ab . inen neckcoverng worn with the ab ami • capeike Echaris ti overvestment aub • over vestment for ishops and deacons amati • sbdeacons' short over vesment tunie • vestments em roidered orpry ornament • bishop's pointed itrgica hat: mitr ribbon for this: inua  nfua) • bishop's hat mitr • shop's sta roo, rozier, patora ta ong itrgica scarf sto • ornate pro cessiona coak: op viratin • strong vibration ud dr vier • etve virga  vceroys wfe or femae viceroy: irin vtr • denoting a victory so cosy as to be fte pyrri

385 vide

vd  v

• video

compiled from short clips from other videos: crtc video .video colour substitution system cromey .video display showing light text on a dark groud revere video • showng of a video creening • person ntroducing an playing music videos on television: video ocey • portable video camera and recorder cmcorder .facity ar restng the image freezefrme . numbers on a video mage indicat ng time of exposure etc time code

view • place givng a good view vntge point . givng a wide view commnding • al-round view pnorm • extensive view propect • side view profile • aparent change of an object's positon when viewed from different points prl-

lx vigr

• stylish vigour eln

. lack

of vigour innition

Viking • Vikng warship longip, drgon ip viage . vage whose inhbitants mostly work elsewhere dormitory • smal vlage without a church mlet • annal vilage festival fet • open grassy area in a vilage green vine • culivation of vne viticulture . place where vines are grown vineyrd • nsect kilng vine leaves pylloxer vinegar • djeive cetic vene • situation bringng a g risk of violence flpoint • wan tonly violent viciou viin • part holdin he gerboard nec • ornamenta ilay on the back or belly pue • screw on a violin bow: nut  see o muicl intrument virgin • sroic erm: virgo

• membrane partialy blockng the en

trance of a virgn's vagina ymen . virgin bth prenoenei

vir • vrus found in the intestnes enteroviru . virus livng on bac teria bceriopge • group of vir

uses causing respratory inections or meningitis ecovirue .herpes vrus harmful to the newborn cytomegloviru • herpesvrus causng glandular fever and certan cancers EpteinBrr viru • hypohetical ctious particle postulaed as the cause of bovne spongiform encephal itis virino . the bodys hostile reac tion to a harm vus immune re pone • protein nhibiting a vrus inteeron • study of viruses vir-

ology virta

reait

• simlated

se

quence of aerial views flytroug • simuated sequence o ground-level views  wltroug • simulaton of physical attributes force feedbc • apparent paricipation in dstant events telepreence • person ex periencing virtual reality cybenut • device for manipulatig vrtua real ity images dtglove

viit . day for public visits to an n stitution etc open y . salesmans unsolicited visit cold cll .visited by few ecluded vaar • djecive lexicl • otal vocabulay of a langage lexi

• vocabulary of a language lexicon • vocabulary of a

or topic tade or

• djecive

• hroat

profession terminology

vie

vocl

membrane folds making voice sounds vocl cord • muscular passage con aining the vocal cords lrynx voice box • ilammation of he vocal cords or voice box lryngiti • notes a particular voice can sing comp, rnge • section of a voices range regier • voices hgher register ed voice • voices lowe register cet voice • unnaturaly igh voice obtaned by constrictng he vocal chords letto .pitch range of a voice comp, gmut, teitu

ca  e

 denting a ligt singing ice y  denting a strng singing vice da ma heo  calizatin inter·

mediate between speec and sng Spehgesang Spehsmme  variatin f te speaking vice n feon nonaon  moduaon  in a s vice soo voe .lack f vca variatin monoone  enter· tainer seeming t make his r her vice cme frm  dmmy veno qus  fnnelsaped device amplify· ng te vice megaphone � s als sng voo  lcans pinted peak: one  vlcans llw mt ae  vlcanc ent fr slprs gses fumaoe  vlcanic ent fr slprs gase steam and t md soaa  large vlcanic crater: adea  vlcans eectin f lava etc: eupon  vlcanic pe· nmena voansm  dentng a vl can tat is erpting r as dne s witin itical times ave  de· nting a lcan tat is epcted t rpt again tg it as nt dne s witin istrical times: doman  denting a vlcan ta is n e· pected t erpt again: exn .ml· ten material eected by a lcan lava  rck fragments eected by a vlcn epha  sidied lava in a vlcans tp pug . rck frmed by slidify ing lava frt pume .eceptin· aly large cean wave cased by an eartqae r vlcanic erptin al wave sunam  stdy  f lcanes voanology vuanology vomt desire t mit nasea  drg indcing miting eme  dg preentng miting an me voooo vd gd oa  am  d crm gsg  am vote  natina vte n an mprtant qestin pebse efeendum .rliamentary te dvson . in· frmal te taken t gage pinin

386 saw poll  vte assessed frm te lme f sts fr and against voe voe  verwelming vcal spprt: aamaon .(f a pr· psal) receie a marity te be a ed .largest sare f te tes cat maoy, smple maoy  sare cnt  ining mre tan a te tes cast: absolue majoy  verwelm ing marity f tes an d s de  denting a decisin spprted by all vtes cast unanmous . ccsin r place f ting po .rigt t vte suag fanhse  rigt f all t te unvesal sufage  prsn aving te rigt t vte eleo  persn empwered t te fr anter poxy list f electrs: ee oal o  sbgrp f electrs acting fr te larger bdy eleal oege  electr nt giving reglar spprt t any party foang voe  bilding used fr vting pollng saon  nmber f vtes cast pol  carmans vte t decide a tied pll asng voe  psitie te in te Hse f Cmmns: aye  pstie vte in te Hse f Lrds onen . psitive vte in a curc  niver· sity assembly pae  negatie vte n te Hse f mmns no  nega· tie te in te Hse f Lrds: non onen  negatie te in a crc r niersit asembl non pae  vte given t eclde a candidate bakbal  vte prprtinal in pwer t te nmber f persns its caster represents bo voe .syste were eac ter as as many vtes as here are candidtes umu lave vong  vting strategy aimed at defeating an trwise strng can· didate r party aa vong  mark a vting paper increctly spo  gie te igt t te nfn hse  deliberately refrain frm vt· ; ing: absan  stdy f tng pat· psephology  s al terns eleon, palamen

87 o tive

vow I vva

 doe  fulmet of a vow vo  eso vowed to elgous se votay  offeig made to ful

vce a vow exvoto ol  vowel wih a sigle cosist· et soud monohthong  vowel statg wth oe soud hat meges to aothe dihthong  vowe with thee successive itemeged souds

tihhong  idetemiate vowe soud schwa

oag  leasue voyage cuise Vl  reek na Hehaestus la  Hidu vuva symbol e eseg dvie ceatvy yon . oute folds o f the vlva labia ma oa  ts e folds abia minoa

Ww ae  wage based on the numbe of pinning thei ams fo behind: items poduced: ecewor  wage frogmach equaity: arty  benet gien in walki  comnng form gade addition to a money wage: frge  manne of walking: gat  walking beet  point on a wage scale with ams pinned behind frogmrch gade ste  woking hous paid at walkng as  lame: hobbg .de the nomal ae: a tme  im poved ate of pay fo wok done be noting a animal that walks on the sles of its feet: atgrade denot ond standad hous: overtme an animal that walks on its toes:  exta pay osetting high egional ing dgtgrade livng costs: weghtg  employe's deduction fom wages: stoage walki  stik  walking stick with  noe detailing pay and deductions: a handle that makes a seat shootg J ays . age befoe dedution of stc  walking stcks metal tip fer : tax and stoppages: gross wage rue  wage afte deduction of tax an d stop wall  adjc mura (of a build �, pages: et wag taehome ay aret (in  body)  wall of a   age incease awaded on change of ing), body cavity ares  wal linkig a job gde: cemet  tendency fo cases towes curta wal  uter ctual wages to outstip negotited wall of a case bey  containing levels, due to ovetime etc : wage dr  sysem linking wage ises to pice wall retaer, retag wa, revt met  defensve wall: buar  de ises deato  denoting such fensive wall of wooden stakes: toc , wages: deed .peson whose ade  imsy inteio wal: atto wages suppot othes n a househod:  buildings wall of two ayes with a  bedwer . list of empoyees and gap between: cavty wa  sunken thei wages: yo peimete wl haha . low potect wao  wagon fo condemned pis ive wall: aret  wtetght wall ones in the Fench Revolution tum dividing the nteio of a ship bu b hed  wall suppoting stuctues wake  signal fo wakng: revee above it: bearg wa oadbearg aite  head waite: matre d'hte! wa  walling of ntewoven sticks (pl maes d'h5tel  wine waite: coveed with mud o clay watte ad sommeer .wate cleaing used daub  wall's extenal angle: quoi dshes: dbrrasseur  continuton of  l t right n  leisuely walk: sauter gles: retur  wall's side suface at a  walk  pleasue walk rambe  walk aim doo o wndow: revea  angled e veal: embrasue  section of wall be lessly: wader  walk aogantly: tween openings per  clay etc used strut swagger  wlk drgging the to make a wa dub  lye of ce fet: shuffe  walk futively: sde ment etc on a wll suface: argetg, wak though wate adde, wade  foce someone to walk fowad whle renderg  cement endeing with

wa l  I war

389 .  . . . . . .  .  .  . .  . . .  . .

 . . . .  . . .    . .     . . .    .  . .   . .         .  . .  .   .    . .  . . .  . .  .  .   .  .  . . . 

pebbles peedah  ca a wall wih plankng: cad  claddng wh each pank verlappng ha belw hpap  mrar beween brcks n a wall pi  dening a wall buil whu mrar dy dye  un dressed sn used as a wallller ue  brck r sne lad a righ angles  a wall heade  brck r sne lad parallel  a wall ece  hrznal decrave band f bricks r asnry  cue  sne se a he p fa wall cape cp i e  curse f runded brcks a he p f a wal cp  decra ve parape ap a wall caea eea  rw f spkes r brken glass se n a walls p: cheadefe  prjecng brcks a he end f a wall, allwng fr s cn  waerprf inuan: h layer near he f f a w3l damp cue d amp pf cu e  lwes par f a wall  fuda  beam r plae dsrbuing wegh n a wall emplae  prjecng suppr fr a wall ue  bu ress shaped lke haf an arch fy ue  prp up a wal wi  heavy mbers ec he up  heavy meal ball swng a a wall  demlish  wecki ba   amenal wall tab le paue  shallw recess n a wall che  scrbblings n a wall af recess n a wall ace che  grve cu in a wall fr piping ec chae  gn aperure in a wall p  rnamenal wen srp fr picur hks pcue a  wall cvering f small peces f sne ec arranged  make pcures r paerns mac lwer par f an nerr wall: dad  wden panellng cvering he ler haf f an nrr wall wac waic  bard a he base f an nerr wall: ki ad  veri cal imber t whh laths and plaserbard are naled ud  hn srp f wd as a base fr wall plaser: ah

 . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . .  . . . . .

 . . .  .    . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . .

 . .

wallae  wallpaper made f unclured srng embssed paper Aaypa™ . wallpaper made f pwdered wl r clh: fck pape  persn pung up wallpaper pae hae wals walruss lng prjecng h: uk wadei  wanderng amlessly eac meade  am  i  wanderig n searh f advenur: ea  wanderng n search f rade: a  hmeless wanderer amp aa d aa wa  ad maa  war pur sued whu resran a wa  war nvvng ghng: ac h wa h wa  sae f hsily wihu ghng: cd wa  war be ween gds: hemachy  wr b ween many mpran nans: wd wa  denng a war beween ci zens f ne sae: ci ece  denng a wr damagng  bh sds ieece .dnng a ar nvlvng he spreadng f germs chemcal denng a war waged whu nuclear eapns ce a med  sage n a war wh lle belgeren acivy: phey wa zki  sae n a war whn nu clear weapns mgh b emplyed u cea hehd  prsn farng recurse  war: hawk wame  bellgeren par ii per sn ppsng recurse  war de  persn refusng  paicipae n war: pacf  denng a sae n enerng a war eua  denng a place unefended in warme pe  annunce he sar f hsiles de cae wa  persn r sae enaged n war: cmaa  nain r per sn engaged in warfare elee  grup f saes cperaing n war ae  pu frces n a war fng: mze  ranng f cvlans fr hme defence: c defece  arrangemens fr muual uppr

war I wag

0 

against aggressors coectve secur- de  antie wardrobe in an ty  nprovoked attack aggesson ornate style amoe  response to aggression counte- i .large warship cpta attack counteoffensve  making shp .largest warship batteshp friends with the enemy fraternzaton  heavy battleship with large gns  taitoos cooperation with the deadnought . smaler and faster enemy colaboraton  investigation warhip cuser  smaler and faster I of a hostile area reconnassance warship destroyer  smaler and  position forces for war deploy faster arship frgate  admirals  battle area font  dtch dg for ship flagshp . smal naval patrol batteeld shelter: tench  foray into boat vedette . warship with an airenemy territory msson, ad, sote cra rnway arcrft carre  war  denotng forces on ones own side ships projectng gn platform: sponfendly  accidental killing of one's son  arship revolving arored own forces fatcde, frendy fre gn emplacement turet  common  incidental destrction of civilians or room for a warships senior ocers: their property coatera damage adroom  common room for a war  proportion of fatalities on each side ships jnior ocers gunroom k ato  persons placed by a target  German torpedo boat Eboat .pri to deter attack human sheld .area vately owned armed ship licensed to not liable to attack safe are attack enemy craft prvatee  pri  belligerents nethical act ar vateers government licence lettes j cme  belligerents right to e ne of marque  merchant ship with hid  tral property for payment: angay den weapons Qshp  simltaneos  goods taken from a defeated enemy re from al the gns on one side of a warship boadsd  ikng wa oot  nervos brakdown resltant ship longshp, dragon shp .an from war experiences batte fatgue cient Greek or oman warship with combat fatgue, sheshock  mn several banks of oars galey .galey killed i the Great War ost generato  wartme imprisonment of with three banks of oars: teme  galeys sharp point for piercing resident aliens nternmet .person forced by war to abandon his home other ships ram se also subma ne land dspaced perso, refugee   agreement to sspend hostlities for t  contagios war on the sole of a stated period rmstce ceasefre, the foot veruca tce .payment demanded from a  establishment where  ig defeated adversary ndemnty reparclothes are washed and ironed: ato  simlated military conlict aundry  place with coinoperted ar game  war game played on washing machines lunderette, maps kregspe . money freed for shetera .revolving part of a positive ses when military spending washing machine: drum  ashing is crtiled peace dvdend  see machine with separate drms for ao attck, batte mtry, eapon washng and spindrying tntub d  ward for patients not staying  machine pressing wet landry: man in hospital overnight: day ad ge . alkaline washing solton: lye  ward for patients with infectios o  lorescent sbstance added to washing powder optca brghtener contagios diseases soaton ard  room off a ward with a few beds  clothes that have been o need to be washed aundry sde ard

391 wasp  ajective: vespne  feile female wasp: queen . serile wasp performing basic asks worker .large kind of wasp hornet waste  liquid wase effluent .remove impuriies refne  dump wase iegaly: flytip  reling of excavaions wih wase maerial landfll . search hrough wase maerial for reusable iems scavenge  conver wase ino reusable maer ial: recycle • wasing away of an organ or issue dystrophy  wasefuy exravagan prodga l profl gate . wase recklessly squander .prevening wase economical efficent frugal watch' accurae wach  very chronometer for iming  wach races ec_ stopwatch . qenoing a wach dial wih moving hands analogue • denoing a wach dial wih a changing numerical display dgtal movement mechanism  wach • second hand moving round e main dial sweep second hand .chain for a wach fob  pocke for a wach: fob .pocke wach wih an opaque cover over he fac: hunter . pocke wach having a sma window in his cover halfhunter  se a wach o e same synchronize ime as anoher maifying glass  wacmake's loupe watch • consan wach survellance  naval ach beween midnig and 4 am middle watch .nava wach beween 4 and 8 am mornng watch . naval ach beween 8 am and 12.30 pm forenoon watch  nava wach beween 12.30 pm and 4 pm aernoon watch . nava wach beween 4 and 6 pm: first dog watch • naval wach be een 6 and 8 pm: last dog watch  nava ach beween 8 pm and mid nigh rst watch . person keeping ac lookout observer • keeping

wasp I water careful wach vigilant  wach ou for he eacher's approach keep cave

water . combining forms aqu hydr . ajectives aquatic aqueous  waer droples appeaing on surfaces as air coos condensaton . waer droples forming on grass overnigh: dew a  emperaure which his begins dew pont  waer held in rock or soil: groundwater from a meling acier • waer melater  saly waer brne  denog e ase of such waer brack sh  waer scened by rose peals: rose water  wase waer from washing grey water . wase waer ec rom lavaories: bla ck water  ow of waer: current  rush of waer: flash . circula movemen of waer eddy . denoing waer conaining no na ual salt: fresh . denoing saic waer stagnant  denoing waer lahering easily: so  denoing waer ahering wih dcy: hard  skim over aer plane aquaplane  le abou in mud or waer wallow .fech waer from a sorce draw . seac for waer wih a wichng rod: divine dowse . person doing his: dowser, water dvner  nd he deph of waer: sound • supply waer for aicural purposes irigate . erminae a waer supply cut o . rid of waer dran . operaed by waer hydraulic . prevening he passage of waer: watertght • mixing wih waer hydrophlic .repelling aer hydrophobic . person insaling and repairng waer pping and equipmen plumber  waer wheel wih buckes: noria • deposi formed by had waer: fur  whie deposi from evaporaed had waer: scale .volume of waer normally ing he space occupied by a oaing objec displacement  ground level a whch waer is always presen water level water table . leve normay reached by waer and he mark

9

 I  t eaes wateline  saturated wth water watelogged  temorary er er ta water e wth a ta standpipe  e or hae for for water water conduit  hae for water to esae sluice sluiceway  sdg gate otrolg a ow of water sluice sluice gate  watr tuel uder a road or ral ay culvet  erorated erorated dee ro dug a water sray ose  rowd otro dee ejetg a ower jet of water wate cannon arge o taer heatg water for drks un  desert ae wth water oasis  atura rdge from eah sde of whh wate dras to a deret rer system wateshed  rego suyg a reseror et wth water catchent aea  derease  a res erors water stoks dawdown  weghted e dg the deth of water plub line  weght weght o o a umb e bob plub plub bob pluet  dee determg water deth by soud waes echo sounde  hard frutsk used as a water o taer gourd  water barre butt  sma orgasms oatg  water plankton  smal orgasms swm mg  water nekton  brdge arryg water aross a aey aque lake for for water su duct  arge lake for a re esevoir  water-suy fo hose hydant _ seres of roesses by whh water ruates betwee sea, ar, ad lad water cycle  meda treatmet by water hydopathy hydotheapy  rratoa fear of water hydophobia  omoud added t drkg water to arrest tooth deay fluoide  h hem ema a de omoso b water hydolysis oss or remoal of water dehyda

tion

watcr aquaius

 asloal

em

waterfa all  orther wata  waterf Egad force

watr mill  m dre by tda ow tide tide ill watrrf  waterroof ayer  a wa a p couse  sea wth water roof matera caulk wa  large wae sea  eeto

ay arge oea wae aused by a earthq ake or ao tidal wave tsunai  og urvg wae mog steady steady cobe  og wae mog shorewards olle  wae that us oer ad dssoes to foam beake  sow waes that do ot reak swell  hgh wae rug u  a rver a t hgh tde boe  waes foamy to cest  sray sray bow from from wae tos spin dri  ow waer bewee wo waves tough  waeke effet rodued by stadum rowd moemets Mexican

u

wave wa  comb fom fom wise e

otheise)

 way way a thg oerates

mode wa wax  comb fom om  ceo  wa mture for brass-rubbg heelbal

 method of egrag usg a waed

ate cerography

wa

weak sot chilles' heel  aute state of weakess aused by jur emotoal stress, et shock  mor weakess of harater foible  weak weak ad usteady usteady groggy  fee be ad effemate nabypaby  beome weak languish  beome weak ad emaated waste away

wa  geera weath affuence pospeity  weath or s ursut see as a orrutg uee Ma soure of weath on aeialis  soure bonanza, golden goose  dsay of wealth by a eese festye con spicuous consuption  fabuous ae of great weath EI orado Gol conda  eathy ad ueta er so plutocat  tasteless ero who has reety beome weathy nou veau iche pavenu upstat  weathy wastre rake  tota moey

393 and roperty owned by a dead person etate  ocal examnaton of nancal crcumstances mean tet wen  weapons generaly: arma ment  weapons worn at a persons sde: de arm .weapons hane heve  denotng an attack weapon: enve  denotng weapons used aganst enemy forces n battl tac tcal  denotng weapons used over a wder rea f hostltes theatre  de notng weapons used aganst enemy ome targets trategc  denotng weapons harmng persons ratr than buldngs antpernne  denotng weapons desgned to perce armou anttank  bade xed to a rie muzzle baynet .meta guard over te knuckes kckledter .combned spear and bateaxe: halberd .forked stck wt elastc to hurl stones cata plt, lnght .ong stout stc artertaf  short thck stc cdgel .strap to hu stones lng  sort truncheo: lfe preerver .tube down whch a dart s blown bwppe  compettve development and stockpng of weapons arm race  weapons stockplng to ds courage deterrence aggressors:  weapon stre armury arenal .place where weapons are made ar enal  reducton n a states weap onry darmament  dsarmament by nternatonal agreement arm

cntrl

wer .graduawerng down attr tn, ern  wear down by surface scrapg c wether  state of te weater cn dtn .ne weather n ate autumn Inda ummer, St Lke m mer  perod of unusually hot weather: heatwave .denotng weather approprate to te tme of year eanable weater  denotng wtout exemes mld  denotng ho nd ud weather: ltry .oc casiona Pcc weater phenomenon:

weapon I weight

EI N

.trappng o the suns warmt n te lower atmosphere greenhe eect  gradual n crease n woldwde temeratures glbal warmng .absence of protectn from bad wether: epre .lowpressure weather system cyc lne, lw  gpressure weather system antcycne, hgh .eongated regon of hgh pressure rdge  engated regn of w pressure trgh  area of pressure lower tan tose around t depren  unstabe atmospherc pressre turb lence  proporton of mosture pres ent n te atmospere: hmd  frward edge of an advancng mass of warm war m or cold ar frnt  scence of weater orecastng meterlgy  lne on a weater map lnkng places wth te same atmospherc pressue ibar .ne on a weater map lnkng paces wth te same temperature  balloonborne rado itherm transmtter sendng weater nforma ton radnde

wevng .weavng macne: lm  treads rnnng engtways n weavng we wf  treads run ning crossways n weavg: warp  ynder holdng a weavers trad: bbbn .doubleended bobbn sed on a mecacal loom httle  weaver's comb separatng teads reed  treads e n te loom after weavng: thrm  jecve cuneate .denotwege   jecve ng acent wedgesaped wrtng cu nefrm  wedge immoblzng a wee, or supportng a beaced boat:

chck w eek jecve hebdmadal weght  fallng wegt of a pedrvng macne: ram  wegig apparatu wt a ong calbrated arm: teel yard  weghng apparatus or weghbrdge  vehcles  vehcles   overal

394

wghtlfng  wh wegt: gr weght  wegt wtout packaging net weght  nsufcient weigt hrt weght  ve ices unladen wegt dead lad tare weght  weigt of a veicles burden: ve ad

weghtltng .long metal bar on wic te weigts are placed barbe  sort bar wit wegts a eac end dmb-be  ft using e ands and forearms ony cr  quck lift by straigtening arms and legs: erk .quck lift from te or o over te ead: natch  lift made from a standing position: dead ft we  weld mae at a number of ponts pt wed wel'  cmbnn frm e- (g u hra

we"  well in wic te water rses by natural pressure troug a bore ole arean wel �see als  we Weh  adjecves Cambran Cym rc  Wels round wckerwork boat crace cwm  Wels valey:  Wels competition for poets and mu scans: eteddfd (p isddds  istddddau  Wels language Cymrc  Welsspeakers erm for les Cymr  Wels gypses secret  Wels sped language: She ta mead metheln  Wels megatc tomb: crmech, dlmen  Wels Na tionalst Party Plad Cymr  Wels poet bard  counci of Wels bards Gredd  Wes poetr improvsed to a tradtonal arp melody penll

n

wet  adjecve: ccdental  Wet Wet Inn Indan lmb bacwardbendng dance  member of a West Indan crmina gang Yarde  Wst Indian magc beah, vd  West ndan popu lar musc wt a strong secondary beat reggae  West Indian song im provsed 1 a topca teme calp

wet  wet and soft ggy  wet troug dden, ppng  make torougly wet ak wetn .denoting wetlands adjacent to watercourses rpaan whe .wale fat bbber .waxy substances found in certain wales ambergr, permacet  spear sot at waes harpn whet  kind of weat used for pasta drm  wole grans of wat including te sk whe wheat  weat usk chaff  weat � ebryos used as food: wheatgerm  our made from weat wit some of te germ removed: wheatmea whee  eavy weel usd as a regulator flywheel  powered weel of a  locomotve drv ng whee  unpow  ered weel of a locomotve trang whee  spnnng sebaancing  small weel weel gyrcpe xed to furnture: catr  weel avng a grooved rm: plley  tooted weel prcket, pr whee  lare vertcal weel carryng passengers at farground: Ferr whee  weel saf .cntral part of a weel hb nave ·'  outer edge of a weel rm _ bar or � rod connectng te ub and rim pke  outer rm of a spoked weel felle .projectng pont on a weel prcet, tth  projecting rm on weels of raiway vecles flange  contnuous artculated metal band round te wees of a eavy vecle track  tool for adjusting weel nuts wheel brace  algnment o a ve

..

ing g trackin heels: track hicle's hicle's wheel

 ventng a weel moving:

•

wedge pre-

chck

w  wip wt knotted cords: cat-

hp de whp eros-hde hnoceros-h -tails ils .rhnoc '-nine-ta o'-nine ash, part: lash, whip's bok • whip sjam sjambok  wps andle tck  person s: flagel flagel-others: lf or other mself ing hmse whpp whpping

lant

whirl I wid

395 whrl  whilig coum of i tr nd whrwnd  whing devis uf  whg mss vrte  whi ig wte whrp whky  ubleded whisk nge

mt

whtle  shi whistle expessig deisio ctc  whiste expessig sexul dmitio wf whte cod hodig  whistle nyrd .cbnn frs euc-, whte ek() (_g lukamia  gesh o elowish white ff-whte  whit bood ce euccyte  whteskied peso cn peso o iml hvig white skin  hi due to  pigmet defect bn  cbnn fr fr h- (g whole   cbnn hlrah  uite o fom  whole cece fomg  cosiset whoe cherent wked  obl wicked nfmu wdow widow devi  ite o popet fom he lte usb dw ge  lck clothes wo b  widow  mouig wdw weed  op et e to  widow b he te husbds wi dwer jnture  widows house so left dwer hue wfe  adjecve ur I  we who sts t hoe o ce fo the house d chie huewfe  subseviet behviou towds oe's wfe urune  kilng  e ur

cde

wg  sml wg oveg  bl spot tupee  gei wig merkn wl  adjecves vtn, vun try  wilowe, o s execise v tn oe of fee ill vuntry whehe one wihes it o o wy

ny ven nen

wl> tetmentry  adjecve peso mkig  wi tettr om mkg  wi tetr (p ttatric not hvig mde  i ntette  deoig  veb wi

nuncuptve  c out the tems of  w eecute  peso ppoted to do ths eecutr (f xcutrix, per n repreenttve  thing given in  wil egcy  tsfe of ssets b wil dptn  give pesol pope i  wi beueth  give e estte n  wil deve  give fudig i  will endw  estte seted upo the testtos wiow jn ture  gt me i  will beet egcy  supplemet to  will cd c  peso eceivg  g fom  wil benefcry eg uthetic tio of  wi prbte  estte le whe  chges d beuests hve bee pd redue  i closest possible fule of testme itetios cy-pre

whrlwnd

 sm  whiid dut dev  oing colum of te fomed b  whiwid wterput

wllow  iow coppe fo bsketmkig e  oe of he wow tee ctkn exbl i soo wthy  illow twis lted o mke fuiue wcker wckerk w  wi b he gh of  hose bo, et ength  hosece i b te egh of he oses he hed  hosece wi b ess h  hoses hed's leh rt hed  deoig  w of seve ehs ey Wnheter  membe of chese Colege Wykhmt .cbnn fr anem wnd  wid blowg fom i fo hed wnd  wid blog fom behn twnd  i bowi dwds e breee deoing  wid blo ig w fom the ld ffhre  smll du dev whiw  stom wih vioet wids hurrcne  viole otg wid trnd, whrwnd sudde wid wit ivig i u  bief bust of wid gut  cost wnd i  ceti diectio trde wnd  wm wid

.. . . �  ..

..

....... ...... . ... ..... ....... ..... .. ..... ... ... ..... ..  .. ..   . .

blowing north off the Alps fohn  equatorial region of the Atlantic Ocean with uncertain winds: dl drums  hot Egyptian wind: kham sin  esterly air current encircling the globe jet stream  seasonal wind in nda mnsn  hot wind blow· ing north across the Mediterranean: sircc .Mediterranean dry nort· westey wind meltem .cold wind blowing down the Rhone: mstral  sound of the wind in trees sugh  against the wind pwnd  with the wind dwnwnd  revolving pointer showing wind direction: wea thercck, weathervane  aireld eible cylinder showing wind direc· tion and force drgue, seeve, wind sck  instrument for measuring wind speed anemmeter  instru ment for measuring and recording wind speed: anemgraph  scale for wind velocities Beaufrt scale  test area where wind effects may be simu lated and studied: wind tunnel  cool ing effect of win chill factr, wid chll .shelter from the wind lee  thing giving shelter fro the wind: wndbreak  fruit blown down by te wind: wndfall .windblown spra sand etc spndri  reddening of the skn from eposure eposure to wind  nd burn  oil lamp for high winds hurr cane amp smll pieces of metl etc suspended to tnkle in the breeze: wind chimes .set of large wind driven vanes generating electricity wnd farm  buildup of gas in the di gestive tract causing the breaking of wind: latulence

wnmll  wndmil ail swep

fenestral  adeve wnw  window made of vertically sliding sections sash ind .sidehinged window: casement .circular win dow culus, eil-debeuf .circular window with radiating tracery: rse windw  corbelled bay window: riel, ril ind large single

 �

pane window pcture windw .nar row window with a pointed top: lancet .proecting window bay windw, bw windw .window in a roof or ceiling skyight  window proecting from a sloping roof drmer drmer windw  window in the side of a ship prthle  small window over a door etc fanlght  spacecras win dow vewprt  beam between door and fanlight transm  small above a main window tp light  support across the top of a window intel  wndows sidepos amb  vertical window bar mulin  horizontal window bar: ransm  slab at te foot of a window: sll  frame holding window glass sash  glazing with two spaced panes of glass duble glazng .paste  ing window glass putty  counterbal ance to a sash window: sash weight  small diamondshaped pane of windowglass: quarry .ornamental � stonework subdividing a window tracery  inside face of a winow frame scnchen .walls side surface be side a window reveal  angled  veal: embrasre .window catch snb  sold inner or outer cover for a window shutter  installation of windows glazing  window cleaners  rubber scraper sueegee '

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wnpp   mn frm rach  inammation of the windpipe trachets  surgical cutting of the windpipe: trachetmy wnsun .windsurng board giving greater speed funbard wn   mnn frm vn- ade ve: vinus .spice and warm wine mull .cold spiced wine: sangaree' .wine for everyday use vi de vin du pays, vn rdinare .wine  voured with aromatic herb: ver- mth .new wine primr from the rst grapepressing tte cve .ligt pink wine rs .for tied wite wine shrry  fortie

j

397 ed dessert wes madera prt malmsey  stong sweet wne  whte we wth crme de casss Kr  German d whte wne ck  German sparklng whte wne Sekt  Geman wne made wth latepcked gapes Sptlese  Geman wne made wth selected latepcked gapes Ausese  Geman wne made fom grapes pcked wth ce on them Eswen (p Eiswin r Eiswins) .Greek eslavoued wne retsna .talan sparklng whte wne su mante  Portuguese wne dunk whle new vn verde  Spansh o Potuguese ed wne tnt  denotng a wne hat s almost d -dry  denotng medumd wne dem sec  denotng a wne that s not sweet dy sec  denotg spaklng wne ptllant musseux  denotng unsweetened sparklng wne brut  denotng slghtl spaklng wne rante  denotng wne havng a ch sweet taste luscus  denotng a matue and pleasng wne mew  denotng a wne of hgh qualt vn tae  denotng wne spolt b tannn fom the o crked  denotng wne at oom empeaue cambr  gape juce befoe o dung fermen taton must  wnes aoma nse  wne's becomng rad to dnk maturatn  wnes taste mut  nal taste of wne ns  stelze wne b heat o rradaton asteur e  cover fo " wne botles cok casule  spal devce fo openng a wne bottle crkscrew  tatate depost le b maturng wne crust tar tar  wne sedment lees  wne enple enlst expet  aeng to evaluate varous wnes tastn  wne mechant vntner .wne water smmeler .estaur ants charge made fo servng a cus tomes own wne crkae  ocal ttle of wne fom a atcula avest or area desnatn  descpton

wn I wr awarded to a Fench we guaanteeng ts og and method of poducton appellatn cntrle appella tn drne cntrle  catego of vneads o wnes n France cru  unmarked bottle fo sevng wne or ate carae decanter  doubleszed wne bottle manum  wne bottle 4 tmes the nomal sze er bam  wne bottle 8 tmes nomal sze metusela  wne bottle 16 tmes nomal sze baltar  we bottle 20 tmes normal sze nebu cadnea  box contanng a dozen bottles of wne case  wne bael butt cask  te or batch of wne cuve  stock of wne celar  shop  stud of selng wne vntner wnes enly  cmbn n frm: pter (e.g wng  cmbnn trdatl)  adjecve: alar a ca havng a sngl set of wngs mnplane  aca hvng two sets of wngs bplane  arct's sngle tangula wn delta wn  ma ght eathe n a bd's wng rmary eater  maxmum dsance acoss a pa of wgs wn

san

wnne  wnne's ceemonal crcut of he spots gound lap  n ur  one of the st thee o fou postons at the end of a ce ace wne .adjcve: bernal bernal ema ema .lve thogh the wnter venter .sleep though th wnte bernate  ap lne jonng ponts of equvalent wnter tempeatue scem we  sngle length of we stand  electrc wre cable lead  encased goup of nsulated electcal wres ca ble  wes used to stat a c fom te batter of anothe ump leads  tunng we n an eal ado cats wsker  shapedged bae we rar wre  mae we b pullng metal hough ne holes draw

398

wise I wood  thickess

of a we: gage  e or ama wre work  fgee  Thre Wis Mn: Mag wise  wis r lard ma sage  psn caimg t be wise: wseace .wis dm afr th vnt: ndsgt wish  sudde wish: wi cmly with somon's wishes: o  dne rerdlss o wishs co soy invony wit  witty talk reatee  witty re mak: on mo say  witty rtrt hat cms t mind ar th chace to ma i hs gn est de I'escae witch .mal witch: waock wiz  witch's attdat ad socee sirit: aa  witch's cokig t:  athng f witch: caudon  Irish walck: coven sabat psoge .mder witchcra cut Wcca withut   combining forms a (eg amoral), an (e.g anonymous) in (eg nstabilty), n (eg unattachd) witness  witess wh has rso ay s what h r sh descries: eyewtness .deotig a witss a tagoistic t th arty qustig him r hr oste .witsss vi dece giv i curt: teston  give evidc as a wits: testf  swr statemt mad by a witss ut  crt depostion .attmt t uece a witss nteerence .lyig y a witss udr oath: per jry  jective pine  youg wlf wlf: pp  rso who chags it a w: lycantroe, werewof wmn .combiningform gynaeco  jective  feae, feinne .youg wma aradg with a at twrg grup: d ajorette, a orette aive yog woma: n  imudet or atius gnue youg woma: ix .rersa ti  sexualy alurg wome ceesecae  deotg a sexy at

tractive youg wom: ne  sex aly ttractive yug woma: nypette  sductiv but dager·us wman:  fe e fatae  fashi abl yg wma f the 1920s:  fap per  dwdy  frp wm:  arid wma: spinste  agg umarried wman: old ad  woman whos hsad has died: wdow .ugly d woma: ag ag .wman with itllctul r litrary rtesis estockng  inlue tia woma grande dae  wma myd to ducat childr at hm: governess  wma mpye as nanny childmider residt  woma emloyed as a cleaer: ca woan .wma .wma ltti lttig g ut ut lodg lodg-g: andady .wman in char  a ulic hous: andady  arrogat ad dmirg woma: pa donna  aggrssiv wma vrago  aggresiv d wma: aridan  wman rgat r the rt tim: piigravda  wma rgnat fr t ast te secod tim: tigravida  wman whse hsbad is  ab st grass wiow  arty r wme oy: en party  married wmas mae lover: ciciseo  lder womas gigoo youthl mal scort:  wmanctrd gynaecocentric  re y wm: gynaecocracy gynarcy, atiarcy  olite r sct shw t wome: civar ga antr  sch wher youg are taght scial gracs:  fnisng .erso scoo, car scoo srviig a yg woma i ulic: study ad caperone, denna treatment o womes disases: gy naecoogy  advocate  wmn rights:  feinst .ar f wome: gynaecopoia gynopoia .hat rd  wme sogyny w

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ign xyo   jective: ligneos .wod rm a  cer soood .wd rm a roaeaved tree ardwood ight!  combining forms

399

woodland  word

..................................................... ..

weight wood used fo modelmaking: basa  bod made of thin laes of wood wih atenating gain: plyood • boad made of compessed wood chips and esin chpbard  boad made of compessed and teated wood pUlp: hardboard  thick piece of wood: be  long thin stip of ood batten ath • thin and naow sip of wod: sat  piece of thin wood in a chai bak spat  bundle of wood:  faot  faot  pehistoic wood cice hene be patten in wood: ran  hole in wood whee  knot as faen  wooden out: knothoe late: trencher • ectangula wooden tie: shnle • wood pesevatve dsilled fom coal ta: creosote  had po tective coating fo wood acquer var • high-gloss wood olish nsh French osh ipple effeJt in ne wood gain:  fddeback • thin su face lae of wood: veneer • ood inla decoting funitue: maruer .ooing of woode bocks parquet .substance panted on woodkot to pevent esin seepage: knottn  ne wood powde e b boing in sects:  frass feeding on wood: xyl ophaous  (of a plant stem become wood iny • giant gass whose ood stems ae used in funitue making ec: bamboo • pepae wood fo use b adjusting its moistue con • wood-shaping ma ent: season chine athe  peson woking wood o a lathe turne • musical nstu ment with itched wooden blocs: xylohone oodlad

 woodland

nmph:

dryad hamadryad oodorker

.woodwoke mak ing stais, doos, et oner .wood woke making funitue: cabnet maker maker

ool

ne knitting wool:  fnern • e so goat wool: cahmere • con stituent sand of knitting wool: py

• cut

wool of a sheep shear comb wool efoe spinning: card .co of spun wool: hank skein wor

•  mbining

frms ex o-

• adjetives verba nym lexca  wod of one sllable: monosyabe • wod of two sllables: dsy abe • wod of wo o moe sllables poysyable • wod of thee sl lables: trsyabe • wod of fou sl lables: tetrasyla be  wod fomed fom the initial lettes of othe wods: acronym • wod of fou lettes: ttra gram  wod fom which a late wod is deived: etymon • newl nvented wod: conae neooism  wod coined fo the occasion: nonce word  wod found onl once: hapax eom enon • wod fomed fom anothe wod dervatve • wod fomed fom he lettes of anothe: anaram  wod having the combined mean ns of two othe wods, and con stuced fom some of thei souds bend • od eaing the same bck wads as fowads: palindrome  wod taken diectl om anohe  anguage: oanword • wod o phase diectl tanslting a tem with simi   meaning in anothe language: caque oan transaton  denoting a wod having the same oo as anothe conate • wod meaning the same as anothe: synonym wod meaning the opposite of anothe antonym  wod spelt and sounding the sam as anothe but having a dfeent mean ng and oigin: homonym  wod spelt the same as anothe, but having a diffeent mening: homorah  wod spet the same as anohe, but having a dieent sound and mean ng: heeronym • wod sounding the same as anothe but having a diff ent meanig homophone • moe pleasant wod: euphemsm ess pleasant wod dysphemism • wod used i infomal speech: coloqua  impotant sm wod: keyord

wod  wok

400

ovruse wor clic fashiocaai  bsic par of a wor able an oveuse wor bwrd tem .change in a wos form r .enoting suc trms hackeyed,  cing its grammatcl fuco i ie  misus of a wor caacrei flec arranement of wors to mae a correct stence ya  conusio of smirsoning o srtene form of a wor abbrev wor maaprpm .ccital ai ctraci 0 symbo staning trasposiion f wods openin for a wr lggram lggraph  choe of souns perim o wor rrsnt by a singl sign  wors praelgy r f prase shortan grammalge sll .choc n use of wors dci, parace  in exc the sam user o wors sylit, wrdmit o statsical aalysis of wo use wors verbaim  us of mor wors ylmey 0 wors of a opera c than are nee pleam  wors libre  stuy of the eang of knn o a person o use in a spher wors semaics  suy o words o activity vcablary  term for relat closely concepts oogy partcular o a iniviual or milgy  sty of the forms  wors profession praelgy of wors mrplgy suy of used i a ra etc arg conve wor origns etymlgy  popuar tionl expressio frmla  charc but msta account of a wos ori terstic use of wors idm parlace gins fk eymgy pplar eyml  wors oen foun together cllca ti  wors impli mening c gy  eoting a wor imitang th ati  synactc cegory to son of what t scribes ma peic  wor blenng the sous which a wor belongs par f peec wrd cla  wor s o conct an meanngs of two others prman ea wrd  expres n wors v clauses or seences cci balize  uttr a wor vcalize secr wor(s) us to gan amis sion paswrd  wors for a sog w cess  wor processor lyrics  expressio of a whole phras fatur ttig txt nto avaiabl ln space wrd wrap as a single wor lprasis  wors surrouing a wor or uttr w  cmnn frm eg  har ace which hlp etrmine ts mea menal wor drdgery har wor ing ce fanciful s of wors oe for lttle ay sweae labr ccei  sing few wors lacic plac whr this is oe sweap using too may wors lgwide, wor pai for accoring to th pry, rdy  wor uzl in which amount prouc piecerk  wor cran lttrs n ach ln form a nvolvig much travellig legwrk ame or messag acrc  puzl amount of wor to be on wk to n a seris of wors giving th lad  ratio of wor on to rgy same letter seqec whe rea etc cosu efficiecy  wor across or own  r sqare  gr tan home rk  wor on by of lettrs contanng wors wrtten  a stunt whle learing crsewrk any irection wrdsearc  compr  wor conseqent upo prevous hesio test of rplacg missig wor fllwp  wor prouce n wors clze es  se of wors a cialy to th ma proect beginng wth the sam so or lt byprdc, parerg spiff se tr allierai  repetito of wors lectio of wor sho to a potntia in rvers orr ciasms wors mployer prli nathorze use of aothrs wor piracy  pr sa as a magc spll crai i

401 sentng nther's wrk s nes wn pagarsm  dentng pressnl wrk wtecar  dentng mnl r ndstrl wrk: bue-car .dentng wmen's wrk pnk-ca  wy o crryng t  ts tec ne skiled pprch t  tsk tecnue wrkmansp .dentng wrk dne t  decent stndrd wrk manke  metcls cmpletn   tsk: fwtrug  bele tht wrk hs n ntrnsc orl vle wrk etc  prects ndertken by  dctr r scl wrker: casead  sbstntl pece  rtstc r schlrly wrk: ps  persn ddcted t  cnverstn rk: wrkac bt wrk beteen clleges meet ng scly: sp ta  wrk wth dclty abur  wrk i  del try mnner ptter  clpse de t erwrk: brnut  n Jpn) deth kars csed by verwrk:  methd  workng: mdus per and (p mod orand)  stdy  e cent wrk methds: ergnmcs,

tme-andmtn study wrk stdy

.persn mntrng the schedled cmpletn  wrk: prgress caser  tme vble r  prject tme frame  per  wrk: st nt  dly perd  wrk s wrkng day  dentng  perd  wrk dne when mst peple re t lesre n sca .sht mpsed  seprte   perds  wrk spt sft  persn tkng ver t the end   sht reef .wrkng hrs vrble b emply ees fetme  setn   lextme dy when eeryne mst be t wrk cre tme .wrkng hrs shrter thn s srt tme  tme wrked beynd one' contrctl hors ver tme  recrd  th nmber  hrs wrked tme seet  dylng relese  emploees r edctn: ay reease .lltme relese  emply ees r edctn bck reease .dy's npd wrk gven t n ver

work I worker lrd: crve  csl wrk pd dly: daywrk .ble t wrk t gether cmpatbe  tke n n b cver sent wrk clee's  chnge dmcle n serch  wrk mgrate .persn lvng  the wrk  thers drne  slwng r stp png wrk s  prtest ndustra ac tn  gvernment rgntns ssstng ths seekn wrk: jbcentre jb cub  egn lness t d wrk: manger  orbd n employee to do hs nrml wrk suspend  send n emplyee hme becse   temprry lll n wrk ay ff  dentng n emplee dsmssed becse thee s n mre wrk redundant  n wrkn rder: perabe peratna p

eratve servceabe

wrk  mbnn frms -er (g mnr) -er (g razr) .new wrker's intrdcry trnng: n ductn .wrker recevng  cn trctd ped  trnng apprentce .trned wrker emplyed by n experenced ter juneyman rker d and  ske wker

artsan

peratve  crtsmns ssstnt mate  ly skled wker master  nskld mnl wrker: a burer  persn dng d wrk ack  wrker dng ny jb facttum  rdnry wrk ers: factry fr sp r  hmecraftsman

bsed wrker mkng extense se  telecmmnctns teecmmter eewrker  workers consdered cllectvely abur, abur frce man pwer wkfrce  emplyees regrded s  bsness sset: uman resurces .grp  wrkers nd eqpment devted t  prtclr tsk sectn unt  grop o wrers ssembed r  specc prect ask frce  dentng  wrker seekng emplyment n  jobbjb bss casua freeance  dentng  pd wrker empyed stpendary .dentng n npd wrker nary

403

wrtng

lessly cbbe  write quickly t  able t read ad write teate wrt  cobining fors: -gam (eg tlam), gah  adjective: gahc  uabbreviated hadwrit ig: nghand  type f hawritig ct  elegat hadwritig: calg ah  caligrapher's decrative uris: cucue  slpg style f hadwritig, with lps ceate cuve .jied-p hadwritig:  reverse writig m wtng  strke Jg letters: lgatue  curved strke made i hadwritig th  detig adwritig  large letters f eve height: mau cue  detig writg i lwercase letters mnuce  detg badly frmed hawritig cabbed  bk with sampls f gd hadwritig: cb  fait lies  paper t gide adwrtig fent  marks sep aratig writte seteces r phrases:

unctuatn,

unctatn

ma

 psychlgical stdy f hadwritig: gahg  text i its authr's w hadwritig autgah, hgah  alteratve way f writi a particu lar leter r sud agah  sy tem f writig: ct  sstem f symbls fr ighspeed writi: ht hand, tengah  system f sym bls each represetig a syllable  aba .apaese syllabic writig: ana  simplied picture used t re preset a wrd i certai aciet writig sysem� gh, ctgah  symbl stadg fr a wrd g am gah  writig dicat ig te idea f a thig but t its ame degam degah  sigature-symbl f a literate per s ma  picture puzzle i whic a wrd is represeted by pictres f b  jects whse ames make its syllables:

I wrongly

eb

.systems f sigs used t recrd music chregraphy etc n tatn  aciet Egyptia pictre writig: hegh  aciet Egyp tia priestly script usig simplied hierglys heratc  aciet Egy tia scrpt used by the lait a simpli ed frm f hieratic: demtc  a ciet wedgeshaped script: cunefm  aciet system f writig with lies rug alterately let t rigt ad right t left: buthedn  a ciet wed writig tablet f tw higed leaves: dtch  writig i strumet used with waed tablets: tu  aciet writg srface f puded sedge stems: ar (p ayri)  writig surface made frm aimal ski: achment  e parch met made frm calfski: veum  study f aciet ritig systems aaegah  put it writig tancbe .had pai frm much writig wte cam  shrt piece f writig ea  cllect f writ igs anthg, cectanea cm

mnace b, fegum, gaand mcean mnbu  affectedly elabrate stye f writig euhum  tediusl wrdy style f ritig t  elabrately crive piece f wrtig: ue aage ue ach ue e  det ig a awkward ad hesitat style: tted .ewspaper reprters' style f writig: unaee

wrtte

.cobinng form: (eg autoah)

wrodo

gah

.mir wrgdig  i the act f wrg

mdemeanu dig: n fagante dect

 cobinin for cata (eg catacrsis) m (eg msaln)

wroly

Xx X .X-shapd: decussate X-rays  X-raying a sction through

tmgrapy cmputerzed aa tmgraphy  X-ray xamn

th body: aton

of

th

bl ducts changgraphy  X-ray xamnation of th gll bladdr clecystg raphy  Xray xamnation of th ympang lymphaic systm: grapy  X-ray xamnation of a  vin vengraphy  X-ray location of mammgraphy brast tumours: .Xray pictur radgraph .X-ray or ltrasound pictur of a sction tmgram through th body .opaqu rgion in an Xray pictur

shadw  transparnt to X-rays radlucent  opqu to X-rays rad paue rad-paue  substanc

improving th X-ray visibility of body organs: cntrast medum  barium  mxtur consumd by a patint bfor th digstiv sysm is Xrayd: bar um mea  scrn for dirct viwing I flurscpe of X-ray imags:  shild aganst X-rays worn by halth worrs: aprn  short-ran X-rays: gamma rays  us of Xrays radg raphy  mdical tratmnt by X-rays:

radtherapy,

radatin

herapy

 study of mdical applications of X-rays radlgy

.  . .  

Yy yacht .winhuled yach: caama ran  yach of sandard design: ne den  yachs open upper ridg: ybrde fyn brde   ych har our marna  presiden o a yach cu cmmdre .  se as ba

an

yarn  srand of a yarn py  hread used for socings e year  ajctve annua  remarale year annu mrab   year having 36 days eap year  year o 354 days: unar year  a or accoun ing year fnanca year  �a ays in a solar er epac  im o year when day and nigh ae o ual lengh: eun  ar of e r as priclarid  climae or ens ean  yr jus egnning or aou o egin new year .s person o ener a house in he e year: rer  year s ended o aou o en d year  for ech  year pe annum  sum of moe pid every year, or an insurance shee securing his: annuy .period o a housand years men num .period of a undred years: cenury .period of en years dec ade .ocurrng wice a year em annua bannua  occurring ach

 year, or lasing for a year annua  occurring every oher year, or lsing or wo years: benna  occur ring ever or lasing for hree years: renna  occurring ever or lasing or, four years uadrenna .occurring ever or lasing for, ve yeas: unuenna  occurring ever or lasing or, even years epenna  ocurring ever or lasing for en  yars decenna years

old

enran

 mbnn (e.g ctnaan)

frm

yeat  yes susue sed in aing bakn pwder .o ough ecome eraed y yas prve re  dull rishyello yellow khak • yelloig of h sin or yes:

jaundce

yield  poly o yieldig o he de mands of a oenial aggressor: ap

peaemn

yoga  sysem o physica eercies

haha ya youh  ie of you nnae .df eren aiudes o young nd old: en ran ap  creaons of a wriers or ariss youh oen laer sup pressed as imaure: juvena

Zz Z

Zen insoluble riddle: koan • zen meditaton zazen •

Zus .Roman me: Jupiter zigzg

zigzag course tken by a  vessel sailing into the win tackng, traverse •

zic .coat a metal with znc gal vanze z

zoo whose visitors rie through arge paocks containing wid animals: safar park •

zfgy • zoology of iving creatues neontoogy • zoolg of fossil forms paaeontology Zrstri • Zoroastrian scrip tures Avesta • coentary upon the Avesta Zend • name of Go  Zoroastrianism: Ahura Mazda, Or mazd • foower of Zoroastrianism in western India: Parsee • structre upon which Parsees expose their ed tower of slenc

Zulu

•

goup o Zulu warriors: mp