The Life & Games of Akiva Rubinstein Volume 1 - J. Donaldson & N. Minev.pdf

The

Life & Games of

Akiva Rubinstein Volume 1: Uncrowned King IM John Donaldson IM Nikolay Minev

2006 Russell Enterprises, Inc. Milford, CT USA

The Life & Games of Akiva Rubinstein Volume 1: Uncrowned King ©

Copyright 2006

John Donaldson and Nikolay Minev All Rights Reserved ISBN 10: 1-888690-29-1 ISBN 13: 978-1-888690-29-3

P ublished by: Russell Enterprises, Inc. P.O. Box 5460 Milford, CT 06460 USA http://www.chesscafe.com [email protected]

Cover design by Janel Lowrance P rinted in the United States of America

Table of Contents Introduction to the Second Edition Introduction to the First Edition A Rubinstein Primer Tournament and Match Record 1 882- 1 904: The Young Rubinstein 1 905 St. Petersburg 1 906 Lodz 1 906 Ostende 1 906 1 907 1 907-08 Vienna 1 908 Prague 1 908 Lodz 1 908 Rubinstein-Marshall Match 1 908 St. Petersburg 1 909 Rubinstein-Mieses 1 909 Vi lna 1 909 Warsaw 1 909 1910 San Sebastian 1 9 1 1 Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 Warsaw City Championship 1 9 1 1 San Sebastian 1 9 1 2 Pistyan 1 9 1 2 Breslau 1 9 1 2 Vilna 1 9 1 2 The Years o f World War I 1919 1 920 N on-Tourn ament Games 1 906- 1 920 Addendum Bibliography Players Index Openings Index ECO Codes Ind ex Annotator Index Ind ex of Illustrations General Ind ex

4 6 9 10 12 33 43 51 58 76 1 17 1 26 1 40 1 53 1 66 1 75 1 98 203 209 210 217 227 244 246 259 268 28 1 296 323 3 36 3 54 377 3 87 3 89 3 92 393 3 95 396 397

Introduction to the Second Edition This year marks the one hundred and first anniversary of Akiva Rubinstein's re­ ceiving the master title at Barm en. As we noted in the first edition, it might seem a bit strange to devote so much attention to a player from so long ago. The an­ swer, we believe, is that in many ways Rubinstein was a truly m odem player and his gam es are sti ll very relevant today. This is an opinion not only held by us. Two recent books concerned with some of the greatest players of all time, My Great Predecessors: Part 1 by Garry Kasparov and Learn from the Legends by M ihail Marin both devote chapters to Rubinstein. Am ong today 's top players Boris Gelfand has mentioned on m ore than one occasion that the great Akiva is one of his heroes and it is no accident that he and many other top players readily contrib­ uted to Viktor Glatm an's Akiba Rubinstein's Chess Academy. The eleven years that have past since the publication of our first volume on Rubinstein have yielded some new inform ation. Nick Pope deserves credit for the biggest find, unearthing five new games of Rubinstein's from the m ammoth Ostende 1 906 tournam ent. There are several events from Rubinstein's early ca­ reer, where quite a few games are m iss ing, but Ostende 1 906 is the only one played in Western Europe. Thanks to Nick's find we now have 1 9 games and fragments of the 30 Rubinstein played in the Belgian port. It's likely that th is is how things will stand as Tony Gillam has spent many years researching Ostende 1 906 and recently published a book on the event. Alan Sm ith has found the rem aining m oves of Rubinstein-Nim zovitch , San Sebastian 1 9 1 2, and Per Skj oldager has discovered the actual position of th e ad­ j ourned game Rubinstein-Nimzovitch, Vilna 1 9 1 2, along with comm ents about the gam e from Nimzo's column in the Rigaer Rundschau. These comm ents from the original Germ an have been translated by Hans Baruch and give a good idea of what happened in the game (we have no actual m oves). It's likely that scraps of information l ike these are precisely the new discoveries researchers will make in the future. M ost primary source m aterial has been thor­ oughly picked over, the exception being some years of the Neue Lodzer Zeitung. The chess column of this paper, which appeared in the Saturday supplement, is potentially a gold m ine of material regarding Rubinstein's early career. In theory libraries in Poland plus those in maj or cities of the Russian empire like Hel sinki, Riga. Moscow and St. Petersburg would all be likely repositories but one hun­ dred years and m any upheavals have made it a hard to find item . One bright spot for Rubinstein fans look ing for new m aterial comes from the generosity of S imon Constam . Several d ecades ago Simon did a tremendous am ount of research on R ubinstein. He spent time in Holland and Belgian at vari­ ous libraries and befriend ed Rubinstein's sons Jonas and Samm y. I n this book yo u will find som e o f h is d is co veries from Ak iva 's tour of Holland in 1920 in4

eluding a fragment from the Rotterdam Quadrangular and som e very interesting non-tournam ent efforts. A curiosity from the early 20th century was the practice of strong local players taking every chance they had to play a visiting hero. This m ight m ean the local would not only face the master in a tournament but also in consultation games and even simuls! One of the players to do this in Holland, Rubinstein's country­ m en Sam uel Factor, would soon m ove to the United States where he won several Western Chess Association championships. Volum e 2 will have many m ore of Sim on's finds including over a dozen pictures from the Rubinstein fam ily ar­ chives and numerous training gam es between Akiva and his younger son Sammy. Note that we have ch anged the spelling of Rubinstein's name for this volum e from Akiba t o Akiva, a s i t appears i n Jewish sources. We are currently working on the second edition of volume two, which will cover the rem ainder of Rubinstein 's life ( 1 92 1 - 1 96 1 ) and would love to hear from read­ ers who m ight have any of the following games: Gothenburg 1 920/2 1 : Appel berg. Triberg 1 92 1 : Selez niev-R (rd 1 ), Selezniev-R (rd 4) and Spielm ann-R (rd 6) Hastings 1 922/23: Yates and E.G. Sergeant. . Southport 1 924: Wright. London 1 925: both gam es with Thomas. Lodz 1 927: Kohn, Bl ass and Friedman. Warsaw 1 927: Makarczyk Chicago 1 928: any from the simul R m ost likely gave in m id-March. Rogaska Slatina 1 929: Mar6czy, and Honlinger. Prague Olympiad 1 93 1 : Erdelyi, E. Steiner, and Grunfeld. Antwerp 1 93 1 : Baert, De Mey, and Perquin. War saw (?) 1 93 1 : match with H . Friedman ??? Please contact us at imwj d@ aol.com or John Donaldson - Mechanics ' Chess Di­ rector, 57 Post Street, Room 408, San Francisco, CA 94 1 04. We would like to thank all of our helpers from the previous edition and add Ricardo Alvarez Cela, Simon Constam , Nathan Divinsky, Mark Donlan, Anthony Gillam, Burt Hochberg, Peter Holmgren, Holly Lee, Jason Luchan, Michael Negele, Nick Pope, Per Skjoldager, Alan Sm ith and Edward Winter for this volume. This book is fond ly ded icated to Holly Lee and Elena Minev. John Donaldson Nikolay Minev August 2006 5

Introduction to the First Edition The name Akiva Rubinstein is certainly fam iliar to chess players around the world , but one m ight still wonder why the authors have spent so much tim e and energy on a player whose career ended over 60 years ago and who never even played , m uch less won, a match for the world championship. The answers are not hard to find . Akiva Kielowicz Rubinstein, Paul Keres and Viktor Korchnoi belong to a very select club: they are the strongest players never to become world champion. While Keres and Korchnoi had their chances at the title, Rubinstein was denied the opportunity. One might well call the great Akiva the strongest player to never have a shot at the crown. However, playing strength isn 't everything, and while Rubinstein will always be rem em bered for his great sporting results - especially 1 9 1 2, the m agic year when he won four big tournam ents - his contributions to the gam e went well beyond the accumulation of points and prizes. Rubinstein was as much an artist as a fighter and his best games compare favor­ ably with those of the greatest players of all time. His influence on the m od ern opening, m idd legame, and endgame is imm ense. Tod ay, system s in the N imzo­ Ind ian, French, and Four Knights Gam e bear his name and these represent but a fraction of his contributions to opening theory. As one of the pioneers in the treatm ent of positions with an isolated queen pawn or hanging pawns, Rubinstein was not averse to taking either side of these thematic m idd legames. While he is well-kn own for his opening and m idd legame play, it was in the end ­ ing, particularly rook end ings, that Rubinstein's genius was m ad e manifest. Not so m uch in technical end ings of R + P versus R - though he knew his basic theory well - but in strategic end i ngs of the sort d ealt with at length in M ikhail Shereshevsky 's Endgame Strategy. It's no accident that the Encyclopedia OfChess Endings chose m any of his rook end ings as examples of m odel play. Rubinstein's life away from the chess board is equally fascinating. A life d ifficult to sum up in a few words, it seem s m ore fiction than fact. Raised accord ing to fam ily trad ition to be a rabbi, Akiva's l i fe was transformed when he was intro­ d uced to chess. Rising through the ranks, he went from rank beginner to com ing within a hair 's breadth of Caissa's throne. The authors have spent much of their time in the last three years trying to d o justice t o this great player. Rubinstein d oes have books written about him - i n fact w e know of a t least eight - but none comes close t o being complete. There are s everal good samplers , but they leave the reader wish ing for more. 6

Early on, we hoped our planned work, incorporating all of Rubinstein's games, annotations, crosstables, pictures, and all the biographical m aterial we could get our hands on, would fit into one 300-page book. This turned out to be totally unrealistic. Visits to Warsaw, the Hague, Brussels, New York, and C leveland yielded such m aterial that the planned single volum e expanded to two books. We hope you enjoy reading this book as m uch as we did writing it. A few technical notes: Chess nom enclature tends to be confusing and inconsistent. It's not uncommon to find several different sources all spelling the same player's nam e a different way. In the interests of consistency we have with very few exceptions used Jer­ emy Gaige 's Chess Personalia and four volum e Chess Tournament Crosstables as our standard for the spelling of player and place names - with the m ore recent Chess Personalia the final arbiter in cases where the two differ. While we might not agree in all cases with the spellings chosen by Mr. Gaige, we feel that his system is logical and well thought out, and that standardization m akes a lot of sense. Gaige's work as a chess archivist is unparalleled. For the few rare cases where the player wasn 't mentioned by Gaige - mostly lesser-known Polish m asters - we have used Wladyslaw Litm anowicz and Jerzy Gizycki 's Szachy od A do Z as our guide. This m amm oth ( 1 ,438 pages) two­ volum e set is one of the best and m ost complete works of its kind. It proved invaluable in offering m uch otherwise unobtainable material about little-known Polish players. Today Poland is a very respectable chess country with a few GMs and a large num ber ofi Ms, but in the past it was a great power in the chess world. During the period 1 928- 1 939, the Poles won a gold, two silvers, and three bronze m edals in chess olympiads. Only in 1 93 3 , when the Poles were fourth, were they shut out of the m edals. Rubinstein, Tartakover, and Najdorf are nam es known to all chess players, but Poland had other good players: Flam berg, Salwe, Rotlewi, Przepi6rka, and Lowcki­ from the pre- World War One period alone. We have made a special effort to pro­ vide som e details of these players ' lives and to give some idea of what chess life was like then. The m ost difficult part of Rubinstein's career to research was the events he played in Poland. The difficulties stem from that country 's troubled history. A part of Russia till 19 1 8, no regular Polish chess periodical appeared until after indepen­ dence. The result is that what is obtainable is either from outside sources - prin­ cipally Russian - or comes fr om the rare books Pierwyj almanach Lodzinskogo obszczestwa liubitielej szachmatnoj igry ( 1907), edited by Daniuszewsk i and

7

Mundt, and Ksiega Jubileuszowa Lodzkiego Towarzystwa Zwolennikow Gry Szachowej 1903-1938, edited by Daniuszewski. The authors had just a glimpse of what m ust be a large am ount of material in the newspaper Neue Lodzer Zeitung. This paper, which started a chess column in 1 902, reported news during the week and published more complete coverage, including games, in the Saturday supplement. We were not able to find a library that had the Saturday supplement, but jud ging from the fact that the daily paper gave round-by-round scores of the 1 903/04 Hand icap Tournam ent, the details of several Salwe-Rubinstein matches, and lots of information on the formation of the Lodz Chess Society, it must be a gold m ine. One im agines that m ore than a few Salwe-Rubinstein games m ight be hidden there. Our policy in offering annotations to gam es has been to com bine the comments of great m asters of the past with our own notes to give som e of the flavor of the time and to show what has been discovered since then. While serious space limi­ tations have required us to be selective, we have tried to point out the key games in Rubinstein's career and give them the appropriate attention they deserve. Most of the games that appear here can be found in either the two aforementioned works covering the history of the Lodz Chess Society or tournam ent books of events Rubinstein played in. As a space saving m easure we have confined our­ selves to citing sources only for gam es that are not found in these volumes. A work of this nature cannot be done alone and we were fortunate in getting lots of help. Dr. Al ice Loranth and Dr. Motoko Reece at the John G. White Collection of the C leveland Public Library were extremely helpful, as were Christian Bij l and Rob Verhoeven at the Royal Dutch Library in the Hague. Edward Winter (Trelex, Switzerland ) generously supplied us with som e nice archival photos and was an inval uable resource person. Eric Woro, books ed itor at ICE, deserves our thanks for transform ing a mo untain of rough text into a beautifully edited book with crosstables, diagrams and photos. Yvette Nagel was m ost generous in translating indecipherable xeroxes of Dutch newspapers into English, and her proofreading skills were very wel come. The authors would also like to thank Hans Baruch (Berkeley), Arne Berggren (Gothenburg), Jonathan Berry (Nanaimo, Canada), Andrzej Filipowicz (Warsaw), Michael Franett (Seattle), John Gilliam (Cincin­ nati), Jan Kalendovsky (Brno), Robert Moore (Anchorage), Jack O ' Keefe (Ann Arbor), Toni Prez iuso (Aarau, Switzerland), Sammy Rubinstein (Brussels), Yasser Seirawan (Seattle), Ken Whyld (Caistor, England), Dr. T adeusz Wo lsza (War­ saw) and Ton Sibbing of the Max Euwe Center in Am sterd am . We apologize if

8

we have inadvertently left anyone out. It goes without saying that any errors or om issions are the sole responsibility of the authors. This book is fondly dedicated to Elena M inev. John Donaldson Nikolay M inev August 1994

A Rubinstein Primer Players looking to im prove their positional understanding and endgam e skills will find studying the games of Rubinstein m ost helpful. The following serves as a good introduction to the games of Akiva and a careful study can 't help but increase one 's playing strength. Positional Themes

Janowsky-Rubinstein, Carlsbad 1907 (#127) Sal we-Rubinstein, Carlsbad 1907 (#131) Mar6czy-Rubinstein, Carlsbad 1907 (#139) Rubinstein-Salwe, Lodz 1907 (#147) Alapin-Rubinstein, Prague 1908 (#190) Rubinstein-Salwe, Lodz 1908 (#209) Rubinstein-Lasker, St. Petersburg 1909 (#227) Rubinstein-Capablanca, San Sebastian 1911 (#278) Rubinstein-Duras, Carlsbad 1911 (#281) Schlechter-Rubinstein, San Sebastian 1912 (#307) Rubinstein-Marshall, Breslau 1912 (#358) Rubinstein-Gottesdiener, Lodz 1916117 (#382) Rubinstein-Schlechter, Berlin 1918 (#400) Rook Endings

Rubinstein-Lasker, St. Petersburg 1909 (#227) Spielmann-Rubinstein, St. Petersburg 1909 (#240) Tarrasch-Rubinstein, San Sebastian 1911 (#271) Rubinstein-Ai ekhine, Carlsbad 1911 (#302) Schlechter-Rubinstein, San Sebastian 1912 (#307) Lasker-Rubinstein, St. Petersburg 1914 (#373) Rubinstein-Selezniev, Gothenburg 1920 (#442)

9

Tournament Record 1903-1920 Kiev Barmen Lodz 1 906 St. Petersburg Ostende Lodz Lodz 1 907 Ostende Carlsbad Lodz 1 907-8 Lodz Vienna 1 908 Prague Lodz St. Petersburg 1 909 Vi lna 1910 Warsaw Warsaw 191 1 San Sebastian Carlsbad Warsaw 1912 San Sebastian Pistyan Breslau Vilna 1 9 14 St. Petersburg Warsaw 1916 1 9 1 6-7 Lodz 1917 Warsaw Berlin 1918 Berlin 1919 Warsaw Stockh olm Rotterdam 1 920 Gothenburg 1 903 1 905

w

D

9

3

L 5

II ? 8 13 5 7 14 12 7 9 10 8 6 12 8 8 13 4 12 12 8 12

2

2

9

9 2

8 II 8

? 8 12 3 4 II 6 2 2 6 9 7 5 5 I

? 0

5 I 3 2 I 3 2

3 2

I 1 0 3

10 10 2 9 4 6 6 6 2 0 0

0 2 2

3 2 2

3 2

0

2

2 7 4

4 3 4

4 0 4 4 0

4

2

2

7

Score IO!h -6Y2 1 2-3 2!h-l!h 1 2-4 1 9- 1 1 6Y2 -2Y2 9-3 1 9Y2 -8!h 1 5-5 8-2 1 0-2 1 3-6 1 2!h -6!h 9Y2 -6Y2 1 4!h -3!h IO!h -4!h 8!h- 1 !h 1 3!h- 1 Y2 9-5 1 7-8 13-1 1 2!h -6!h 1 4-3 1 2-5 1 2-6 5-5 9-3 1 2Y2- 1 Y2 9- 1 1 -5 4-2 8!h-5!h 6-6 2Y2-Y2 9-4

Place 5th = 1 st = 1 st = 2nd 3rd I st I st = 1 st 1 st I st 1 st 4th 4th I st = 1 st 1 st 2nd = 1 st = 2nd = 2nd I st I st I st = 1 st I st = 6th = 1 st 1 st I st 4th 2nd 3rd 2nd 1 st 2nd

Note: Wins or losses by forfeit have been excluded from this list.

Handicap Tournaments 1 903-4 Lodz Warsaw 1 909 1919-20 Stockholm

2nd

2

1 7-3

7

0

7Y2-Y2

I st

18

2

SY2 -7

2nd

2

16

10

Match Record 1 903 - 1 920 1 903 1 904 1 905 1 907 1 908 1 908 1 909 1910 1916 1918 1 920

w Sa1we (Lodz) 5 4 Sa1we (Lodz) 3 Mieses (Lodz) 0 Duras (Barmen) 12 Salwe (Lodz) 3 Teichmann (Vienna) 3 Marshall (Warsaw) Mieses 5 (Berlin-Hannover-Frankfurt) 4 Flamberg (Warsaw) 2 Lowcki (Warsaw) 2 Schlechter (Berlin) Bogoljubow 5 (Gothenburg-Stockholm)

D 4 3 0 2 8 1 3 2

L 5 3 0 0 2 2 2 3

Score 7-7 5� -4� 3-0 1-1 1 6-6 3� -2� 4� -3� 6-4

1 3 3

0 0 1 4

4�-� 2�-� 3Y2 -2� 6� -5�

Simul Record 1 909

191 1

1912

1919 1 920

1 920

Warsaw Warsaw Moscow Moscow Frankfurt P aris Berlin Nuremberg Munich Budapest Berlin Lund Scheveningen Rotterdam Scheveningen Rotterdam Amsterdam The Hague Haarlem Nijmegen Gorinchem Deventer Enschede Trollhattan

October 1 5 November 5 December 27 December 3 1 January 30 March 1 9 March 27 April 30 May 1 May 6 January 1 9 February 8 February 26 March 1 March 4 March 1 5 March 1 7 March 20 March 22 March 27 March 29 April? April? October

II

22 21 35 38 15 18 40 29 40 5 25 25 10 3 10 28 25 28 26 28 22 25 26 46

(+ 1 6,=2,-4) (+ 1 8,=2,- 1 ) (+26,=5 ,-4) (+26,=5 ,-7) (+ 1 3 ,= 1 ,- 1 ) (+ 1 4,=2,-2) (+36,=3,- 1 ) (+22,-2,=5) (+28,=9,-3 ) (+3 ,=0,-2) (+24,=0,- 1 ) (+ 1 9,=5 ,- 1 ) (+6,=3 ,- 1 ) (+ 1 ,= 1 ,- 1 ) (+5 ,=4,- 1 ) (+ 1 3 ,=9,-6) (+ 1 6,=6,-3) (+2 1 ,=5,-2) (+2 1 ,=3,-2) (+25 ,=3 ,-0) (+2 1 ,= 1 ,-0) (+24,= 1 ,-0) (+26,=0,-0) (+36,=9,- 1 )

1882-1904: The Young Rubinstein Akiva Rubinstein's early life is clouded in mystery. The great grandmaster never wrote about himself and the biographical section in Rubinstein s Chess Master­ pieces (written by Barnie Winkelman with acknowledgement to Dr. Hannak's introduction to Rubinstein Gewinnt)- the only book to offer any real story of his life - is very unreliable; it weaves a rather romantic tale in which real events and myth are so closely intertwined as to be almost impossible to separate. We quote the first few paragraphs before the myt hologizing takes over. "Deep out of the shadows of the Middle Ages came Akiva Rubinstein. A dark squalid ghetto of Russia - Poland was the Bethlehem in which his spark of life was kindled. Rubinstein was born on December [October] 1 2, 1 882, in Stawiski, of the province of Lomza. For generations his ancestors had been rabbis and scholars of the Hebrew classics, equally inured to physical privation and the in­ tense cultivation of the mind. "In the home of Rubinstein's parents both were to be found - keenness of intel­ lect and stark poverty. A few weeks before his birth his father died, leaving be­ hind a wife and 1 2 children. Akiva went to the house of his grandparents, who forthwith undertook his upbringing. The lines of this upbringing were marked out to a nicety. The youngster would become a teacher of the Talmud, a student of Hebrew, even as his father and his grandfather before him. "His education was indeed received in the Cheder, the school of the Jewish com­ munity, and the Yeshiva, a higher academy of religious instru ction. The prescribed languages were Hebrew and Yiddish; Rubinstein understood no other, and had no desire for any other." We now look at a few other accounts of Rubinstein's first years. Gerald Abrahams, in Chess Treasury of the A ir (pp. 48-49), has this to say about Rubinstein's early l i fe : "Born in a poor Jewish family somewhere in Lomza province, Akiva Rubinstein was plunged at an early age into the only intellectual life available to most Russian Jews. He went into a Yeshiva and studied the Talmud, living the kind of life that poor students lived in the monastic academies of the Middle Ages. He was excellent at those brain-testing studies, which involves powers of memory, and a fine analytic discrimination. Those who met him in England in the 1 920's can attest that he had not lost his learning. And he spoke the fluent, cul­ tured Hebrew that Russian Jewry has now bequeathed to the culture of I srael. "It is told of him that, in his teens, he found the only available H eb rew chess book, and learned it by heart with all it s illustrative games. The subject captured him, and afforded him, eventual ly, an escape - if that is the proper word - from a career that might have ended in a Rabb inate. How he came to L odz, measured his

1 882- 1 904: The Young Rubinstein str ength against the master Salwe, and ultimately conquered the latter is too wel l known to need recapitulation. Suffice i t to say that, i n a very short peri od, from Kiev 1 904 [1903] , when he was fifth in the Russian Championship, to 1 9 1 2, when he won no fewer than five international tournaments (San Sebastian, Pistyan , Breslau, Warsaw, and St. Petersburg [Vllna] - an all-time record this - he filled the treasuries of chess with masterpieces and achieved a style and a distinction in his play that stands comparison with the performance of Capablanca." The following extract appeared in the Western Daily Mercury, Apri l 2, 1 909. Prefacing the piece, the columnist C.T. Blanchard thanked E. Znosko-Borovsky , chess editor of Novae Vremya, for specially contributing the article. The article appears to be an expanded version of what Znosko had written about Rubinstein for the St. P etersburg 1 906 tournament book. Emanuel Lasker, too, seems to have gleaned material from that biographical sketch (see below). Akiva Rubinstein was born in the little town of Stawiski in Poland October 12 [September 30, old sryle] , 1 882. Soon after, all his family moved to Bialystok, where he learned chess at the age of 1 8. He made his first studies in it from a little instructor by Sossnitz in the old Hebrew language. An accident brought him into a little book-seller's shop where he found a great many old and new chess books, which he studied industriously. But as he wished to study the game practically as well as theoretically he went to Stein's Cafe , where he met the strong first-class player G. G. Bartoschkewitsch (sic- Bartoszkiewicz). All these games, even at knight odds, ended in loss. Rubinstein's failure drove him to still further study the game with such good results that after a few weeks, he occasionally won against Bartoschkewitsch [sic - Bartoszkiewicz] . In 1 903 he traveled to Lodz, where he could get plenty of play against the master Salwe. In the same year, the Lodz Chess Club was formed and from that time R. 's serious play dates. The club arranged a match between Rubinstein and Salwe; it was for the first seven won games, but ended in a tie. In the autumn of that year Rubinstein went to Kiev, as a representa­ tive of the club, to take part in the Third All-Russian Champi­ onship. He won the fifth prize. During the tourney he inquired of Dr. Ossip Bernstein whether it paid for him to devote himself to chess. Bernstein replied that it did not pay. All the same, Rubinstein refused to be guided by this and devoted himself to learning the royal game. After he had divided first and second prizes with Salwe in a club tour13

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King ney, the Lodz C.C. got up a second match between them, best out of 1 0 games. This he won by 6Y2-3Yi [the score was actu­ ally 5Yl-4Yl] . In the first-class tourney, Barmen 1 905, he won the title of master by dividing fi rst and second prizes with Oldrich Duras. After this he always came out first at Lodz. The autumn of the same year he beat Mieses in three serious games. The following article by the World Champion appeared in Lasker s Chess Maga­ zine, October 1 907 (pp. 244-45 ) : O u r Berlin Letter by Emanuel Lasker

Berlin, end of September The all overshadowing event of the month gone by was, of course, the great Masters tournament at Carlsbad. Inasmuch as your readers have been kept fully informed by daily cable of its vicissitudes and final ending, I shall confine myself to a few biographical j ottings about the first-prize winner, which I trust will be news to many of them. Akiva Kiwelowicz Rubinstein was born on October 3 0 [12], 1 882, at Stawiski, a townlet in the government of Lomza, in Russian Poland. Soon after, his relatives removed to Bialystok. At the age of 1 8 he learned the rudiments of chess and soon became deeply interested in the game. By chance he ran across a chess instructor in Yiddish, and went swimmingly along in its perusal until he reached a part therein containing games from the first P arisian tournament of 1 876, which baffled him com­ pletely. He then began searching the secondhand bookstores for chess literature, and was rewarded by finding some books in Russian, also some foreign periodicals, which considerably furthered his progress. At that time he met over the board G. G. Bartoszkiewicz, then the strongest player at Bialystok. At first he lost at the odds of a knight, but R. went undaunted ahead, overcoming by degrees the odds, and finally breaking even on level terms. In 1 903 Rubinstein settled in Lodz, where he found a number of strong players, foremost among them Salwe. R. succeeded in holding his own with Salwe in oftband games, and beating the rest. Preparations were then going on for the third Russian National Tournament, and on Salwe 's suggestion Rubinstein aided him in forming a chess club at L odz, which the two represented as delegates at the Kiev Congress. R. 's de­ but was a splendid one. He obtained fifth prize with I I Yi points 14

1 882- 1 904: The Young Rubinstein of a possible 1 9, those preceding him being Chigorin, Bernstein, Yurev i ch, and Salwe . Returning to Lodz, where the newly founded club was prospering, he and Salwe contested a series of 1 0 games, R. winning 6'h-3'h [actually 5!0-4!0] . In the handi­ cap tourn ey he took second place after Salwe. In the club tour­ nament on even terms he divided first and second prizes with Salwe. Encouraged by his success at home he attended in 1 905 the German Congress at Barmen, where he divided first and second prizes with 0. Duras, and gained the coveted title of "Meister" and thereby the entry to all the future masters ' tour­ naments . In September 1 903 [ 1 905] , the young master encoun­ tered Jacques Mieses in a set match of three games, and won all three in a decisive fashion. Last year he was summoned to St. Petersburg for the fourth Pan-Russian Congress, and surprised friends and foes alike by not losing a single game. He won eight, drew eight, and divided second and third prizes with Blumenfeld, one point behind Salwe, the winner of the tournament. R, 's fu rther exploits are well known: third prize at Ostende 1 906; first and second with Mieses [Bernstein], Osten de 1 907; and finally, his crowning triumph at Carlsbad. Although R. has gone to the front by bounds and leaps, I would not liken him to a meteor. On the contrary I am fully convinced he has come to stay among the fixed stars on the chess horizon. To my estimation he is not a world beater, not a champion, if we restrict this title to those who are heads above their com­ petitors. But R. is and always will be a main factor who will have to be reckoned with, and it will always be a safe bet to find him in the money. R. 's style is thoroughly modem, aiming instinctively rather at correctness than at brilliancy. H i s chief asset is gameness, coupled with a keen insight into position, and resourcefulness. He can be brilliant if occasion warrants it . . . So what of Rubinstein's early life can we be sure of? This much seems clear. That he was born October 1 2, 1 882, in the small town of Stawiski, not far from Bialystok . That he was the last of 1 2 chi ldren and that he was raised by his grandparents to follow in the family tradition of being a rabbi . That some time between Rubinstein' s 1 4th and 1 8th birt hdays he became acquainted and quickly fascinated with chess. That it was the Bialystok first-category player Bartoszkiewicz who was his first nemesis and not Sal we. Wh en one substitutes the name of the former for the latter 15

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King the legend of Rubinstein meeting a strong master in the local cafe comes a lot closer to reality. Winkelman and Hannak wrote: "At 1 9 Rubinstein learned that in the nearby town of Lodz there lived a real chess master, one Georg Salwe - a champion, who, indeed, had crossed swords with the great Chigorin. Forthwith Rubinstein betook himself to Lodz; there he found in some way the means of subsistence, and thereafter was nowhere to be found except in the sphere of chess. He played with those to whom Sal we gave the odds of a Rook; but even against these yokels the young man of Stawiski did not shine. Clearly the lad of the ghetto was not cut out to be a chess player. "No one had any confidence in his ability except Rubinstein. He returned to his native village and for several months disappeared from view. Suddenly he was in Lodz once more. He entered the chess club, then direct to the table of master Salwe, and challenged him to battle. "Salwe smiled indulgently; those about the master mocked in derision. But Rubinstein seated himself, and played and won. The whole club went into a huddle. Without delay, a match between Salwe and Ru binstein was arranged. The result was a deadlock at 5-5 [actually 7-7] . A second match was played and victory rested with Rubinstein 5-3 [actually 5Z?-4Z?] . The old champion was dethroned, and the dreamy youth from the Polish village reigned in his stead." A nice story but nothing more. The odds that someone who had only been playing a short while could best Salwe - who won the 4th All-Ru ssian Championship in 1 906 - are exactly zero. But someone in that situation might be able to beat Bartoszkiewicz. A considerable achievement, indicating real promise, but not nearly so grandiose. Rubinstein was very fortunate in making his way to Lodz; in fact he could scarcely have asked for a better place to develop. Referred to as the Polish Manchester, Lodz, a cosmopolitan city of 3 00,000 people (40% Polish, 40% German, 20% Jewish) was, along with St. Petersburg and Moscow, one of the three great chess centers of the Russian Empire. The Lodz Chess Society was founded in 1 903 and continued up until the German invasion of Poland in 1 93 9. During this time the Society served as a model of what a chess organization can be. Many different types of tournaments were held, including matches, club championships, and handicap events. Foreign visitors were frequent guests of the Society. Mikhail Chi gorin, Frank Marshall, and Jacques Mieses played in events there while Capablanca, Alekhine, and Lasker gave simu ls. Sponsorship was provided for the best players to travel outside and serve as the club 's standard b earers in important international events. Salwe and Rub instein represented the club at Kiev 1903 while Akiva (Barmen 190 5 ) and G eorg Rotlewi 16

1 882- 1 904: The Young Rubinstein (Osten de 1 907) were sent west to gain their master titles. Players like the Russian masters Boris Verlinsky and Fedor Dus-Chotimirsky especially made visits to Lodz, so great was its reputation. Two books, Pierwyj Almanach Lodzinskogo Obszczestwa Liubitielej Szachmatnoj 1gry, by Mundt and Daniuszewski, which covers the period 1 903- 1 907, and Ksiega Jubileuszowa Lodzkiego Towarzystwa Zwolennikow Gry Szachowej 1 903-1 938, by Daniuszewski, chronicle some of the more important events held by the Society. Frank Marshall, writing about the 1 908 Lodz triangular in My Fifty Years ofChess, described the city as "a hospitable town, fanatically interested in chess. We were treated royally, and produced a great deal of interesting chess." The following article, which appeared in the British Chess Magazine, May 1 909 (pp. 204-5), sheds some light on the club where Rubinstein developed. "The Lodz Club is proud of Rubinstein, and he is proud of his club, for it is one of the strongest and the best equipped in the world. It occupies a handsome suite of rooms on the first floor in the Piotrkowska, for which, I was told, a rent of 2,000 rubles (2 1 0 English pounds) is paid. It is a nest of strong players, of whom Salwe is the best known, though the names of others, such as Rotlewi and Daniuszewski, are familiar on this side of the Elbe. I am not aware that the club is ever closed. I have personally left it, still going strong, at two o ' clock in the morning, and I have found play in progress there in the forenoon. No doubt this intensive cultivation of the game is more responsible for the genius strong play­ ers in Russia than any subtle kink, absent from ours, in the Slav cerebellum. Certain it is that, since Rubinstein joined the club, shortly after its foundation in 1 903 , he has had no lack of the very best practice. The club has arranged a long series of matches between him and the redoubtable Sal we. The first of these, in 1 903 , when Rubinstein was not yet 2 1 -he was born at Stawiski, in the North o f Poland, o n October 1 2 (n.s.), 1 882- ended in a draw. The second was won by Rubinstein, 5Yi-4Yi, and I believe that in all subsequent matches he has come out the victor." Rubinstein's games are the heart of this book, but before jumping in we would be remiss not to say something about his name. Jeremy Gaige, in his monumental Chess Personalia, gives Akiba Kiwelowicz Rubinstein. This is what ordinarily appears but it's worth adding that in the place of his birth his first name was spelled Akiwa in Polish, that the Encyclopaedia Judaica and the English author Gerald Abrahams have his first name rendered Akiva - no doubt his very reli­ g ious family named him after the great Jewish law giver of the same name. In this edition we use the Jewish spelling. Rubinstein's middle name also raises comment. Bernard Cafferty, writing in Ed­ ward Winter 's Chess Notes #73 5 , has this to say: "Rubinstein was born in the old Russian Empire, and so should have a patronymic recorded on his birth certifi­ cate,just like Isaewitsch for N imzo. Various Russian sources concur on Kivelevich , 17

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King probably written Kiwelewitsch by A.K.R. himself." Ken Whyld and Jeremy Gaige give us Kiwelowicz, and the latter adds: "Poles and Jews were loath to use the Russian Patronymic, and I imagine, Polish Jews even more so." The Italian Encyclopaedia gives Kivelovic. Estocolmo 1919 (published by Ricardo Aguilera) has Kiwielewitsch. Judging by the available evidence, Rubinstein probably began his chess career a few years before the turn of the century. The following game is the earliest ex­ ample that has been preserved and it shows that Rubinstein already possessed good combinative skills. It is unclear when it was played, but Jeugdpartijen van Beroemde Meesters by S. Postma states it was played by correspondence in 1 897. games. The paper doesn 't indicate who partnered whom, but j ust notes that Langleben was on the winning side in both games.

(I) Rubinstein - Bartoszkiewicz Correspondence 1 897 (?) Two Knights [C55] l .e4 e5 2 . .£\ {3 4) c6 3 . Ac4 4:\f6 4 . d 4 e x d4 5 . 0 - 0 A c 5 6 . e 5 d 5 7.exf6 d x c4 8 . .§ e 1 + �f8 9 . .Q.g5 g x f6 1 0 . .I}.h6+ �g8 1 1 . 4:\x d4 A xd4 1 2 .c3 Af5 1 3 .c x d4 4:\x d4 14. 4:\c3 Ag6

The next game was pu b l i s hed i n Pierwyj A lmanach L o dzinskogo Obszczestwa Liubitielej Szachmatnoj Igry, Lodz 1 90 7 , edited by the Polish masters Dawid Daniuszewski and A. Mundt. That book offers a large num­ ber of early Rubinstein games but gives few details concerning the conditions under which they were played. No date is given for the following odds game but it appears l ikely that it was played in 1 902 or 1903 .1t's placed here, rather than in the non -tournament games section, because it might be from a handicap tournament.

1 5 . .§ e 8 + 1 � x e S 1 6 . � x d4 � e 5 17. 4:\d511, 1-0

(2) Rubinstein - Amateur Lodz 1902 or 1 903 (?) (without Nb l )

The Neue Lodz Zeitung offers some early details of Rubinstein's career. On March 19-20 , 1903 , it was report ed that Langleben, S alw e , Rub instein and Goldfarb played a pair of consultation

l . e4 e 5 2 . .1}.c4 4) f6 3 . d4 e x d4 4. 4:\f3 4:\xe4 5.0-0 .1le7 6 . � xd4 4) f6 7 . .Q.g5 0 - 0 8 .1ld 3 4:\c 6 9. �h4 g6 10. E!fel 4)d5 .

18

1 882- 1 904 : The Young Rubinstein Rubinstein 's great rival for much of his early career was G e o rg H e n ryk Solomonowicz Sal we ( 1 862- 1 920) . Salwe was born on October 24, 1 86 2 (Gaige; Szachy o d A do Z gives Dec. 1 2) in Warsaw and, unlike Rubinstein , who grew up in poverty, came from a wealthy family. While he was already considered one of Warsaw 's best play­ ers by 1 8 8 2 , it was n ' t unt i l Sal we moved to Lodz in 1 894 that he found real opportunities to test his skills . There, i n 1 899, h e split a pair o f games against Dawid Janowsky, during the latter's visit to Lodz that year. When the Lodz Chess Society was formed in 1 90 3 , he and Rub inste i n benefited enormously.

l l . § x e7 1 4) d x e7 1 2 . Jl.f6 d S 1 3 . § e 1 Jl.e6 1 4 . 4) e 5 4) x e 5 1 S . § xe5 �d6 16.� x h7+1 Cit' x h7 17.§h5+ Cit'g8 18.§h8+ mate, 1-0

The following game may also be from the same handicap event.

Sal we didn 't play his first real tourna­ ment until he was 40 (Kiev 1 903) but this late start didn't prevent him from achieving some excellent results, in ­ cluding a victory in the fourth All-Rus­ sian tournament at Saint Petersburg in 1 90 6 . Salwe played three matches against Rubinstein, drawing in 1 903 (77), losing in 1 904 (4-6), and getting shellacked in 1 907 (6- 1 6).

(3) Rubinstein - Amateur Lodz , 1 903 (without Ra 1 , with pawn on a3) 1 .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . .1lc4 .1lc5 4.c3 4) f6 5.d4 exd4 6.c x d4 .1le7 7.d5 4) bs s.es 4) g4 9 . h 3 4) h6 10.d6 cxd6 1 1 .exd6 .1lf6 12.�e2+ Cit'fS 13.4)c3 Axc3+ 14.bxc3 4)c6 15.0-0 �e8 16.�d2 4)e5 17.§e1 .£1 x f3+ 18. gxf3 �d8

A businessman by profession, Salwe found time to edit the short-lived Yid­ dish language chess magazine Shakh­ Zaytung ( 1 9 1 3 ) , w h i c h nu mbered Rub inste i n among its contributors . During a brief career, which for all in­ tents and purposes lasted from 1 903 to 1 9 1 4, Sal we was Poland's number-two player, reaching a five-year peak aver­ age rating of2500, according to the E lo system.

19. � x h6! g x h6 20.,1l x h6+ Cit'gS 21 .Cit'h2 �f8 22.§g1 +, 1--0 [Szachista, issue 3, 1 995]

The Neue Lodzer Zeitung of 1 903 pro­ vides some critical details about the first match between Rubinstein and Salwe. 19

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King It was held from April 26 to June 7 and the winner was the fi rst to reach 7 points. The match was to be a qualify­ ing event for the upcoming All-Russian championship, with the winner seeded in. The match was played on Sundays, Tuesdays and Thursdays in the Lodz Chess Club. Adj ourned games took place on Fridays. The final score of the match was 7-7, from which we can de­ duce that the final game was a draw. This explains why both Rubinstein and Salwe were able to play in Kiev later that year.

as a great opening theoretician but here his lack of experience tells as he com­ mits an elementary blunder. 7./il xc6 bxc6 8.e5 /ild7

( A) Today theory deals only w i th 8 ... 4Jg4. Rubinstein's forgotten con­ tinuation is also insufficient to revive 6...g6 but credit should be given to Salwe, who plays the rest of the game very well. 9.exd6 exd6 10.0-0 Ae7 l l.Ah6! lil b6 1 2 . A b 3 d5 1 3 . E! e l Ae6 1 4 .'li'/d 2 Af6 1 5 . E! a d l 'li'/e7 16./ila41 /ild7 17.c4 d4

The following two games are all that have been preserved from their first match. The first game was drawn, and then Sal we drew blood with the follow­ ing sharp attack.

(D) If 1 7 ... dxc4 1 8 . .ll x c4 4Je5 1 9 . .ll x e6 fxe6 20.'ifl'e2!. 18.c51 lil xc5

(4) Salwe - Rubinstein Lodz (2) April 1 5 , 1 903 Sicilian Sozin [B57]

(D) Or 1 8 . . . 0-0 1 9 .'ifl'a5 4Jb8 20 . .1lf4 ! . 1 9 ./il x c 5 'li'/ x c 5 2 0 . .il, x e6 f x e 6 2 1 . E! x e6+ c:lf7 22.E!del E!hd8

Notes by D a n i u s z e w s k i ( D) fro m Ks iega J u b i leuszowa L o dzkiego To warzystwa Zwo len n ikow Gry Szachowej 1 903- 1 938, and Authors (A).

(D) In case of 22 ....§ he8 White wins spectacularly b y 2 3 .l"lx f6 + 'it' x f6 24.'ifl'f4+ 'ifl'f5 25 .'ifl'xd4+ .§e5 26 . .§ xe5 'ifl'xe5 27 . .llg 7+! .

l .e4 c5 2 ./ilf3 /i}c6 3 ./ilc3 /ilf6 4.d4 cxd4 5./il x d4 d6 6 . .il,c4

2 3 .'li'/f4 'li'/f5 25.'li'/xc6 Ag5

(A) "The Sozin Attack" claims almost all recent books. Only for the record, the Russian master Veniamin Sozin was born in 1 896. This game shows that the variation 6 . .llc 4, and the ideas behind it, were known quite a while before Sozin 's discovery. 6 . . . g6?

(A) Later in his career Rubinstein was to acquire a justly deserved reputation 20

2 4 .'li'/c7 +

c:l g8

1 882- 1 904: The Young Rubinstein 26:li\'c41 Axh6

E!cS 1 6 .\'t' h 1 h6?! 17. "�e3 Ae7 18.E!g1 g5 19.g41 gxf4

There is nothing better. If 26 . . . �d5 27..§ e8+!, or 26 ... �h8 27 . .§ 6e5!, but not 27. �xd4+? .§ x d4 28 . .§ e8 + �f8 29.Jlxf8 .§ xeS! and it i s Black who wins.

l f l 9 .. .fxg4 then 20.fxg5! gxf3 2 l .gxh6, etc. 2 0 . � x f4 -'lg 5 2 1 . .£) x g 5 h x g 5 2 2 . � g3 f4 23.�h3 {l x e 5 24.�h7+ \'t'f7 25.d x e5 E!g8

2 7 . E! e 8 + \'t' g7 2 8 . �g8 + \'t'f6 29. E! xd8 Ad2 30. E! x a8, 1 -0

(5) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz (3) April 1 7, 1 903 Queen 's Pawn Zukertort [D05] 1.d4 d5 2.e3 e6 3.Ad3 {lf6 4 . .£)f3 c5 5.b3 {lc6 6.Ab2 Ad6 7. .£)bd2 0-0 8.0-0

This unpretentious system of develop­ ment, associated with the world cham­ pionship challenger Johannes Z ukertort, served Rubinstein well throughout his career.

26.a41 b6 27 . .1la3 E!c5 28.�g6+ \'t'f8 29.�f6+ � x f6 30.exf6 .1}.c6 3 1 .j}_ x c5+ bxc5 32.fxg7+, 1-0

8 ... cxd4 9.exd4 .flh5?1

Rubinstein's first maj or tournament was the Third All-Russian Champion­ ship, held September 1 -26, 1 903, in Kiev. Representing the Lodz Chess Club along with Salwe, the 20-year-old Akiva scored a creditable 1 1 Y2-6Y2 to place fifth. Chigorin, who was to die only four years later, won his third title in this seminal event, which was the baptism not only for Rubinstein but for Salwe and Bernstein as well. Bachmann's A lmanach for 1 903 re­ ports the following conditions for the tournament: T he playing schedule was five days a week with Thursdays and Sundays set aside for adj ournments. The games were held from 6 p.m. to 1 a.m. and the time control was 30 moves in two hours followed by 1 5 moves in

B l ack ' s best try, 9 . . . �c7 , to meet 1 0 . a 3?! with lO . . . eS!, would be an­ swered by 10 . c4! when White has sl ightly better chances. 10.g3 g6 ll . .fle5 Ad7 12.f4 .flg7 13 .a3 f5 14:li\'e2 j}_e8 15 . .£)df3

21

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King � g7+ 3 S . \t'd 2 � g S + 3 6 . .Q. e 3 � xfS 3 7. .§fl d S 3S.cxdS � x dS+ 39.\t'cl c4 40.\t'bl \t'eS 4 1 . .§e l � a S 4 2 . .§ g l � c 3 4 3 . A c l e 3 4 4 . A b 2 � d 2 4 S . .§ gS+ \t' d 7 4 6 . A f S + \t'c6 47 . .§ c S + \t' b 7 48.Ae5 Ae4 + 49.Axe4+ \t'xc8, o-t

one hour. Chigorin won 500 rubles for his victory, with Rubinstein collecting 1 25 for his fifth-place finish. (6) Rubinstein - A. Rabinovich Kiev ( 1) 1 903 Dutch [A85 ] l .d4 f S 2.c4 e6 3 . � f3 � f6 4.e3 Ae7 s.�c3 b6 6.Ad3 Ab7 7.0-o o-o s.b3 d6 9.Ab2 h6 10. �e2 gS l l.e4 g4 12.�el �c6 l3.exfS?

(7) Kalinsky - Rubinstein Kiev (2) 1 903 Center Game [C22] l .e4 eS 2.d4 e x d4 3 . � x d4 �c6 4.�a4 �f6 s.Af4 AcS 6.�d2 o-o 7.f3 dS s.o-o-o �e7 9.AbS �d4 1 0 . � b3 � x b3 + l l . � x b3 d x e4 1 2 . � e 2 ? c 6 1 3 . -'l.d 3 e x d3 14. � x d3 �dS lS.Ad2 Ae6 16.a3 .§ adS 1 7 . �e4 � f6 1 S . �a4 bS 19. �aS Ab6 20. �c3 Ac4 2 l .�f4 � d S 2 2 . � x d S A x d S 2 3 . .§ h e l �f6 24.�xf6 gxf6 2S.Ac3 .§deS 26.Axf6 .§e6 27.Ac3 .§feS 2S.b4 .§ xel 29 . .§ xel .§ xel + 30.-'l.xel fS 3l .Ad2 Ac4 32.g4 Ae2 33.g xfS A x f3 3 4 . Af4 Ae4 3 S .f6 \t'f7 3 6 . A e S Ads 3 7 . Ad4 a6 3S.c3 A x f6 39.Axf6 \t' x f6, 0-1

White should play 1 3A:Jc2 with the better game. 1 3 . . . � x d4 14. �e3 eS 1 S . � x h 6 .§f7 16.�e2 .§ h 7 17.�e3?1

Perhaps 1 7: �g5 + is preferable. 17 . . . cS 1S.�g3 \t'f71 1 9.f4 gx f3 20.gxf3 �hS 2l . .§f2 .§gS 22 . .§g2

(8) Rubinstein - Benko Kiev (3) 1 903 Dutch [A84]

2 2 . . . .§ x h 2 1 24 . .§g2

2 3 . .§ x h 2

l .d4 fS 2.c4 �f6 3.e3 e6 4.Ad3 b6 s.�e2 Ab7 6.0-o .Q.e7 7.�bc3 0-0 S.�c2 �c6 9.a3 �hS 10.f4 Af6? l l .g4! fxg4 12.j}.xh7+ \t'hS 13.Ag6 � xf4 14 . .§ x f4 eS lS.�fS AgS 1 6 . � x fS+ � x fS 17 . .§ x fS+ .§ xfS 1S.Ae4 ... 1-0 [In 3 5 moves. The rest of the game is not avai lable.]

.§ x g 3 +

As 24.'it'hl would be met by 24 . . . Eih3! . 24. . . �g41 2 S . A x d4 .§ x g 2 + 2 6. \t' x g2 �h2+ 27.\t'fl � x e3+ 2 S . A x e3 A h 4 2 9 . Ag t � h 3 + 3 0 .\t' e 2 A x e l 3 l . .§ x e l A x f3 + 32.\t'd2 �g2+ 33.\t'c3 e 4 34.Ac2

Moishe Leopoldowicz Lowcki ( 188 1 1 940), although not a star o f the first order, was one of Poland's better play22

1 882- 1 904 : The Young Rubinstein 1 8 . A x f6 A x f6 t 9 . A h 3 Ag7 20 . .§.afl f5 2 1 .g4 Ac8 2 2 .g x f5 A x f5 23. -'1.xf5 .§. xf5 24.e4?

ers for more than a quarter century. Lowcki (sometimes spelled Lowtzky) was equal fi rst in the 1 9 1 6 Warsaw Championship with Rubinstein and second the foll owing year. Professor Elo has his best five year average at 2440. Lowcki was arrested by the Ge­ stapo in 1 940 and perished in a con­ centration camp later that year.

With 24.�g2! White achieves a clear advantage. 24 . . . d x e4 25 . .£) x e4 ? 26.
tl\'x d4+

Lowcki played Rubinstein many times, including a match in 1 9 1 6. While Akiva had much the better score, occasionally Lowcki won, as in the following game and another at Breslau 1 9 1 2 .

After 2 6 . . . Jlxe5! 27.fxe5 .§ xf3 28 . .§ xf3 �c6 Black should win.

(9) Lowcki - Rubinstein Kiev (4) 1 903 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D3 1 ]

( 1 0) Rubinstein - Dus-Chotimirsky Kiev (5) 1 903 Dutch Stonewall [A84]

27 . .§. d 1 tl\'b6 29 . .£)d6, 1-0

2 8 . tl\'d 2

tl\'b7

1 .d4 d5 2 . .£)f3 .£)f6 3.e3 e6 4 . .Q.d3 Ad6 5.0-0 .£)e4 6.c4 c6 7 . .£)c3 f5 8. tl\'c2 .£)d7 9.b3 g5 10 . .Q.b2 tl\'f6 1 1 . .£) e 2 .§. g8 1 2 . .§. a d 1 .§. g6 13 . .£)el tl\'f7 14.f4 .£)df6 1 5 . .£) f3 .£)g4 16.-'tcl Ad7 17 . .1l, xe4 d x e4 1 8 . .£)e5

Notes from the tournament book. 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£)c3 b6 4 . .£)f3 Ab7 5 . c x d 5 e x d 5 6 . A f4 Ad6 7 . .£)e5 .£)f6 8.e3 0-0 9.Ag3 .£)bd7 10.f4 .§.c8 l l.Ad3 c5 1 2 . 0-0 c4? 13.Af5 .§.as 14. tl\'a4 .£) bs 1 5.Ah4 a6 16. tl\'c2 g6

17 . .§.f31 Ae7

As 1 8.�xg5 loses to 18. . . .§ xg5! 19.fxg5 Jl xh2+ 20.�hl �h5 .

l f 1 7 . . . gxf5 then 18 .�xf 5 Jl e7 1 9.l"lg3+ �h8 2 0 . �g 5 �e8 2 l . �g8 +! .§xg8 22.�xf7 mate !

1 8 . . . .1l,x e 5 1 9 . f x e 5 h 5 20 . .£) c 3 tl\'g7 2 1 .b4 h4 2 2 . tl\'e 2 .£) h 6 23.Ab2 .£Jf7 24. tl\'f2 E!. h 6 25.E!.d2

23

0

0

0

0

0

0*

0

Y2

0

0

1 6 .Benko

1 7 .Nikolaev

1 8 . Stamm

1 9 .Breev

0

0

0

0

0

1

1 5 . Dus-Chotimirsky

1 2 .A. Rabinovich

0

0

0

0

l l . S chiffers

0

0

0

0

0 '12

y,

0

0

0

1

0

1

0

0

y,

0

1 y,

0

Y2

X

y,

0

Y2

0

y,

X

Y2

1 1

1 1

y2

1

1 0

7

6

0* 0* 0*

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

y,

0

0

1

0

1

0

0

0

1 O. Izbinsky

0

Y2

1

0

1

y,

X

Y2

0

1

1

5

0

0

Y2

X

y,

y,

1

4

0

0

1

y,

y,

9. Lebedev

0

0

0

8 . Levitsky

0

0

y,

0

7 . Lowcki

0

0

y,

0

6 . Znosko-Borovsky

1

1 4. Kalinsky

1

0

X

y,

1 3 . Kulomzin

0

0

5 . Rubinstein

0

y,

1

0

3 . Yurevich

X

1

2 . Bernstein

4 . Salwe

0

1

3

0

2

1

X

1 . Chigorin

Kiev 1 903

1

Y2 1 1

1 0 1 0 1

1 y, 1

Y2 1

y, 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0

1

0

0

y,

0

0 0

0

0

0

1 1

0 X

X

y,

0

0

1

1

0 y,

0

0 0

0

0

0

y,

X

0 0

1

0

1

X

y,

1

1

0

1 1

1

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

1 0

1

3

1

2

0* 0* 0*

y,

1

0

1 y,

0

I

0 0

1 0

0

X

0 0

1

X

y,

1

0

0

1

1

y,

1

1

0

1

1

0 y,

1

1

1

9

y,

1

8

September 1 -26

1

0 0

0 0

0

Y2

1 0

X

0

0

0

0

X

Y2

1 0

I

1

1

0

1

y,

1

0

1

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

6

X

1

1

1

1

y,

1 0

y,

1

1

0

0

1

1 1

1 y2

1

1 0

5 1*

4

0

0

X

1

1

1

1

1

0

y,

1

1

y,

1

1

1

1

1

y,

7

0

X

1

1

1

I

y,

1

y,

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

8

8

0

2

1 X

4'12

6 Y,

7

7 Y2

1

1

1

1

I*

8 Y,

8 Y:z

1* 1*

9 Y:z

9 Y,

l O Y,

11

11

1 1 Y2

13

1 3 Y:z

14

15

Total

1

1

1

1

1*

1*

1*

1

1*

1

9

forfeit.

or lost by

*Games won

Ru binstein.

was t o play

withdrew before he

tou rnament, then

1 1 games in the

B reev lost his first

1 882- 1 904 : The Young Rubinstein 1 7 . 4) x d 4 t:1/x d 6 1 8 . 4) b 5 t:1/b6 1 9 . t:1/x d 5 4) f6 2 0 . t:1/c4 § a c 8 2 1 . t:1/b4 § e 4 2 2 . § a c 1 Etc6 2 3 . t:1/b3 a6 2 4 . 4) d4 t:1/x d4 25.t:1/xb7 Etxc1 26. Etxc1 g6 27.h3 §e2 . . . 0-1 [In 44 moves. The rest of the game score is not available.]

g4 26. t:1/e1 4)g5 27.�h1 h3 28.g3 4)f3 29. t:1/f2 4) xd2 30. t:1/xd2 t:1/e7 31 . 4) e2 a5 32.bxa5 t:1/d8 33.Ac3 b6 34.a x b6 t:1/x b6 3 5 . 1l,b4 t:1/a6 36.a3 t:1/xc4 37.§c1 t:1/b3 38. Etc3 t:1{a4 39.�g1 �f7 40.4)f4 §hh8 4 t . § c 1 § hb8 4 2 . �f 2 Etb6 43. t:1/c3 t:1/b5 44.§c2 Eta4 45.§b2 1l,c8 46. t:1/b3 EtaS 47.§c2 1l,d7 48 . § b 2 t:1/a4 4 9 . t:1/x a4 Etx a4 5 0 . �e 2 1l,c8 5 1 . � d 2 § b a 6 52.§c2 �e8 53.�c1

( 1 2) Rubinstein - Nikolaev Kiev (7) 1 903 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D3 l ] Notes by Razuvaev (R) and Authors (A). 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.4)f3 b6 5.Ag5 Ab7

( A ) More exact i s 5 . . . Ae7, and i f 6.cxd5 .£\ xd5. 6.cxd5 exd5 7.e3 1l,e7 8.Ab5+ c6 9.Ad3
(R) Necessary was 13 . . . c5. Black ob­ viously misj udged Rubinstein's next move. 14.f4!

( R ) T h e i d e a w a s o ft e n u s e d by Pillsbury. Here this method for occu­ pying the center is very effective. The position is already critical and Black's best is 1 4 . . . c5, after which White has many tempting continuations and there­ fore more possibilities for a mistake. For example, 1 5 . .£\ xd7 '{;;Y xd7 1 6 . f5 .£\ h8 looks good for the first player, but n e i th e r 1 7 . f6?! .ll x f6 18 . § x f6 gx f6 1 9 .'{;;Y h 5 .£\g6 nor 1 7 .'{;;Y h 5 f6 18 .§f4 .£\f7 leads to a decisive attack. White's best seems to be 1 7 .'{;;Y f3, gradu ally in­ creas i ng the pressu re . B l ack 's next

=

(II) Stamm - Rubinstein Kiev (6) 1 903 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D40] 1.d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.e3 e6 4.c4 4)f6 5. 4)c3 4)c6 6.a3 cxd4 7.exd4 Jle7 8. c x d 5 e x d 5 9 . Ad3 0-0 10.0-0 1l,g4 1 1 . 1l,e2 t:1/b6 1 2 . 4)e5 .1l.xe2 1 3 . 4) x e 2 1l,d6 1 4 . 1l,f4 ? Et fe8 1 5 . 4) d7 4) x d7 1 6 . .1}.x d6 4)x d4

25

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King 15.� xh5 Af6 16.§f3 g6 17.§g3 d4! 1 S . § e 1 .il, g 7 1 9 . � e 2 � d 5 20.c4 bxc4 21 .bxc4 �d6? 22.exd4 cxd4 23.Aa3 �c7 24.AxfS A x fS 25.d3? �a5 26.§b1 AaS 27.h4? �ds 2 S . § h 3 h5 2 9 . � f3 A d 6 3 0 .g3 � f 6 3 1 . �g 2 e 5 3 2 . f x e 5 A xe5 33.§hh1 Ac7 34.§hfl �f5 35.§ be1 �g4 36.�f2 g5 37.§e4

move is a strategic mistake. The ex­ change of the strong knight on e5 does not improve B lack 's position. White obtains pressure along the f-file, and his e-pawn restricts Black's pieces. 14 . . .Jddxe5? 1 5.fxe5 AcS 16:�·h5 Ae6 17.lile21

(R) A wonderful idea. White prepares the exchange of the main defender the bishop on e6 - after which the f7pawn will be very weak.

If 37.hxg5 then 37 . . . h4 wins. 37 ... A x e4 3S.dx e4 gx h4 39.� xh4 � x e4 + 4 0 . � g 1 � e 3 4 1 . � f 5 � x f2 + 4 2 . § x f2 § d S 4 3 . � h 6 + �g7 44.�f5+

1 7 . . . � d 7 1 S . h 3 A d S ? 1 9 . � f4 Ae7 2 0 . § a c 1 c 5 2 l . § f 3 c4 2 2 . A b 1 § a e S 2 3 . §cfl AdS 24.� xe6 � xe6

Here if 44.4:lxf7 l"!. d7 45.4:Jg5 Axg3 and Black wins.

(R) Perhaps the pawn sacri fi c e by 24 . . .fxe6 is better.

44 ... �fS 45.�fl d3 46.§d2 Aa5 47.§d1 d2 4S.�e2 §eS+ 49.�d3 §e1 50.�c2 f6 5 1 .a3 Eie5 52.�d4 § e 3 5 3 . � b3 Ac7 54.a4 A x g3 55.� xd2 h4 56.§h1 �e7 57.�fl § e 5 5 S . � d 3 f 5 5 9 . � e3 f4 60 . � d 5 + �e6 6 l . � x f4 A x f4 6 2 . § x h4 Ag 5 6 3 . § h 1 � d 6 64. �c3 �c5, 0 - 1

25.Af5 �e7 26.h4 a5 27 .e4! �b7 2S.�g4 dxe4

(A) If 28. . . 4:Je7 then 29.Axh7+! �xh7 30.l"!.xf7 and White wins. 2 9 . A x e4 �e7 3 0 . A d 5 � h S 3 l . A x c4 �b4 3 2.b3 b5 33.Ae1 �a3 34.A xb5 §e7 35.Ac4 .il,b6 36.�h1 � xa2 37.e6 f6 3S.d5 Ac5 39.Ac3 �g6 40.h5, 1-0

( 1 4) Rubinstein - Lebedev Kiev (9) 1 903 French Rubinstein [C l O] 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.�c3 dxe4

( 1 3) Yurevich - Rubinstein Kiev (8) 1 903 Bird [A03]

Here Sergey Lebedev (historical Elo 2440) plays the Rubinstein French against Akiva himself. Later in the tour­ nament (vs. Schiffers, game # 1 9), the master from Lodz gets a chance to use the system that has become synony­ mous with his name.

Notes from the tournament book. 1 .f4 d5 2.�f3 �f6 3.b3 e6 4 . .1l,b2 c5 5 .e3 �c6 6.Ab5 Ad7 7.0-0 Ae7 s . � h 1 Etcs 9 . � c 3 o - o 10.�e2 a6 1 1 . .1l, xc6 Axc6 12.�g3 b5 13 . 4) e 5 -'tb7 14. 4)h5 4)x h 5

4.� x e4 Ad7 5 . 4) f3 Ac6 6 .-'td3 4) f6 7.�e2 4) bd7 8.0-0 A x e4

26

1 882- 1 904 : The Young Rubinstein Lebedev 's opening treatment is very modern and could eas ily pass for a game played today.

( 1 5 ) Izbinsky - Rubinstein Kiev ( 1 0) 1 903 Ruy Lopez Open [C83]

9 . A x e4 c6 1 0 . Ad 3 j}.d6 l l .c3 t:/c7 1 2 . A d 2 4) d 5 1 3 . g3 4) e 7 14.c4 b 6 15.E!ad1 0 - 0 16.4)g5 h6 1 7 . 4) e4 e5 1 8 . 4) x d 6 t:/ x d 6 1 9 . E! fe 1 4) g6 20 . j}. x g6 t:/ x g6 2 l . d x e 5 E! fe8 2 2 .f4 f6 2 3 . Ac3 E!e7 24.E!d6 t:/f5 2 5 . t:/e4 t:/ x e4 2 6 . E! x e4 f x e 5 2 7 . E! x c 6 E!ae8 28 . j}. x e 5 4) x e 5 2 9 . f x e 5 E! x e 5 3 0 . E! x e 5 E! x e 5 3 1 . �f 2 E! e 7 32.E!d6 �f7 33.E!d3 E!c7 34.E!c3 �e 6 3 5 . �e3 � e 5 3 6 . b4 a 5 3 7 . b x a 5 b x a 5 3 8 . E! a 3 E! x c4 39. E! x a5+ �f6 40.E!d5 g5 41.E!d2 �f5 42.�d3 E!c1 43.E!c2 E!d1+ 44.�c3 h 5 45 .a4 E!a1 46. �b3 �g4 47 . E! a 2 E!c1 4 8 . a 5 � h 3 49.�b4 E!b1+ 50. �c3 g 4 5 1 .a6 E!b8 52.a7 E!a8 53.�b4

l . e4 e 5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . Jlb 5 a6 4.Aa4 4)f6 5.0-0 4) x e4

A l ready at K i ev, t h e dawn o f Rubinstein's career, he w a s playing some ofthe systems (Rubinstein French and Open Ruy Lopez) that were to serve him throughout his career. 6.d4 b5 7 . Ab3 d5 8 . d x e 5 j}.e6 9. t:/e2 Ae7 10.c3 0-0 l l .a4

A forgotten continuation probably wor­ thy of reexamination. l l ... E{b8 1 2.axb5 a x b5 13.4)a3?

A better and more consi stent try is 1 3 . §. d l . 1 3 . . . b4 1 4 . c x b4 E! x b4 1 5 . A a 2 Ac5 16.4)c2 E!b8 17.4)d2? 4) xd2 1 8 . t:/ x d 2 4) x e 5 1 9 . b 4 Ab6 2 0 . � h 1 t:/h4 2 1 . f4 4) g4 2 2 .g3 t:/ h 3 2 3 . t:/g 2 t:/ x g 2 + 24. � x g 2 Af5 25.Ab3 E!fe8 26.E!e1 Ae4+ 2 7 . � h 3 4) f 2 + 2 8 . � h 4 j}. x c 2 2 9 . E! x e8 + E! x e8 3 0 . A x c 2 j}.d4 3 1 . E! a6 Af6+ 3 2 . E! x f6 g x f6 3 3 . Jlf5 d4 3 4 . � h 5 E! e 2 3 5 . b 5 �g7 36.g4 4)e4, 0-1

53 . . . h4

( 1 6) Rubinstein - Kulomzin Kiev ( 1 1 ) 1 903 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D32]

Or 53 . . J'\xa7 54 .l''lx a 7 'xh2 5 S . §. a3 ' h 3 5 6 . 'c4 h4 5 7 . g x h 4 + ' x h 4 58 . \t>d4 g 3 59.'e3 and White wins.

1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.4)f3 4)c6 6.Af4

5 4 . g x h4 � x h4 5 5 . � b 5 � h 3 5 6 . � b 6 .§h8 5 7 . � c 5 E! c 8 + 58.�b6 E!f8 59.E!c2, 1-0

Rubinstein's trademark 6.g3 had not yet been invented. 27

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 6 . . . a6 7 . d x c 5 d4 8 . 4) e4 A x c 5 9 . 4) x c 5 � a 5 + 1 0 . � d 2 � x c 5 l l . §acl �b6 1 2.e3 4)f6 13.Ad3 0-0 14.4) xd4 4) xd4 1 5.exd4 �e6+ 16.Ae3 �xa2 17.0-0 b5? 18.Ag5 Ab7? 19.Axf6 gxf6 20. �h6, 1-0

17.b3

To discourage Black 's queenside break c5-c4 . . . .

1 7 . . . Ad6 1 8 . f 5 f6 1 9 . Ag41 b5 2 0 . A h 5 § bs 2 t .g4 Ae7 2 2 .h4 § fc8 2 3 . g 5 4) d8 2 4 . c4 1 4) f8 25.§g1 4)b7 26.4)f2 4) d6 27.4)g4 'it'h8 28.g xf6 g x f6 29.4)h6 4)g6 3 0 . f x g6 J}.f8 3 1 . 4) f7 + 4) x f7 32.gxf7 �d7 33.f!g8, 1-0

The first meeting between these two great players sees Chigorin, who was in fantastic form in this event ( 1 5 -3 ! ), defeating the young Akiva with a model King's Indian type attack. ( 1 7) Chigorin - Rubinstein Kiev ( 1 2) 1 903 French Chigorin [COO]

A modern King 's Indian type attack played in 1 903 ! ( 1 8) Rubinstein - Levitsky Kiev ( 1 3 ) 1 903 French Exchange [CO l ]

1 .e4 e6 2. �e2

Chigorin 's patent.

1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e5 3.e3

2 ... 4) c6 3.f4 4)d4 4. �d3 c5 5.4)f3 4)c6 6.�e2 Ae7 7.4)c3 d5 8.d3 4)f6 9.g3 a6?! 10.J}.g2 0-0 1 1 .0-0 Ad7 12.4)e51 d4? 13.4) xd7 4) xd7 14.4)d1 e5 1 5.'it'h1 �c7 16.Ah31

Rubinstein avoids the Albin (3.dxe5 d4), and the play transposes into the Exchange French.

1 6 . . . §ad8?

3 ... exd4 4.exd4 Ae6 5.4)c3 4)f6 6.cxd5 4) xd5 7.4)f3 Ae7 8.J}.e2 0-0 9.0-0 4)d7 1 0 . 4) x d5 A x d5 l l . Af4 f!e8 1 2 . �c2 c6 13.§ad1 4) f8 1 4 . b 3 4) e6 1 5 . A e 5 f6 16 . .Q.g3 Ab4 1 7 . Ad 3 4) f8 1 8 . 4) h4 g6 1 9 .f4 Aa5 20.f5 g5 2 1 .4)f3 Ab6 22.'it'h1 h6 23.Af2 �d7 24.§fe1 Aa5 25.4)d2 �f7 2 6 . § x e8 § x eS 2 7 . 4) e4 Ac7 28.§e1 'it'g7 29. �d1 h5 30.h4 g4 3 1 . 4)g3 b5 32. § x e8 � xeS 33. �e1 � xe1 + 34. J}. x e 1 A x g3 35.Ax g3 'it'f7 36.'it'g1 'it'e7 37. 'it'f2 4)d7 38.Ac7 a6 . . . Draw [In 52 moves. The rest of the game score is not avai lable.]

Rubinstein continues to dither. Correct is 16 . . b7-b5 to get queen-side play.

Past and future legends meet in the fol­ lowing game, which may be the fi rst in

Chigorin shows his mastery of closed positions. He transfers the bishop to h5 prior to the kingside pawn storm .

.

28

1 882- 1 904: The Young Rubinstein which Rubinstein played . . dxe4 in the French . Emanuel S c h i ffers ( 1 8 5 01 904), long Russia's second-best player after Chigorin, was near the end of his life when he participated at Kiev. .

( 1 9) Schijfers - Rubinstein Kiev ( 1 4) 1 903 French Rubinstein [CI 0] 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4:)c3 4:)f6 4 . .1lg5 d x e4 5 . 4:) x e4 4:) bd7 6 . 4:) f3 Jle7 7 . 4:) x f6+ 4:) xf6 S . .ll d 3 0-0 9.0-0 b6 1 0 . 4:) e 5 .ll b7 l l . c 3 §cS 12.'lte2 c5 13.§ad1 c x d4 14.c xd4 �d5 1 5 .£J f3 §fdS 1 6.b3? �a5 17.4:)e5

Emanuel Schiffers

•

4.4:) x d4 4:)f6 5.4:) xc6 bxc6 6 .1ld3 d5 7 . e x d 5 c x d 5 S . 0 - 0 .ll e 7 9 . .1l b 5 + .ll d 7 1 0 . .1l x d7 + � x d7 1 1 . 4:)d2 0-0 1 2.b3 �f5 13 . .1lb2 .lld 6 14.4:)f3 §adS 15.§fe1 4:)e4 1 6 . � d 3 §feS 1 7 . § e 2 § e 6 1S.§ae1 §deS 19.4:)d4? .ll x h2+? •

The right answer is 19 . . . �h5! . 20. cifl x h 2 1 7 . . . § x d4 ! 1S . .Il x h7 + ? 4:) x h7 1 9 . .1l x e7 §e4 2 0 . 4:) c4 § x e 2 21.4:) xa5 b x a 5 ... 0-1 [ I n 4 4 moves. The rest of the game score is unavail­ able.]

(A) White h a s to take, as 2 0 . �fl?? �xf2+ 2 1 .El xf2 f)g3 + 22 .�xg3 E! xe l + is mate !

Here the two young bucks, Rubinstein and Bernstein, who were both born in 1 882, meet for the first time.

If 2 1 . . .�h5 22.�h3 �e5 23.4:)f5! and White wins.

20

•••

§h6+ 21.ciflg1 �e5

2 2 . 4:) f3 �h5 24.4:)g1 §g6

(20) Rubinstein - Bernstein Kiev ( 1 5) 1 903 Scotch [C45]

2 3 . ciflf l

�h1+

If 24 . . . E!.h2 25.�f3 ElhS (threatening 26 . . . 4:)d2 + 27.§xd2 �xgl + 28 .'it>xgl E! xe l mate) then 2 6 . g3! and White wins.

Notes from the tournament book. 1 .e4 e5 2 . 4:) f3 4:) c 6 3 .d4 e x d 4

29

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (22) Rubinstein - Znosko-Borovsky Kiev (I 7) 1 903 Queen's Gambit Declined [D5 5] Notes from the tournament book. 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 4)f6 4 . .Q.g5 Ae7 5.e3 4)bd7 6.4){3 b6 7.cxd5 .£l xd5 s . .Q. x e7 .£l xe7 9.Ad3 .Q.b7 1 0 . f! c 1 a6 1 1 .0-0 4) g6 1 2 . 4) e4 E! c 8 1 3 . � e 2 a 5 1 4 . E! c 3 0 - 0 15.E!fc1 4)b8 16.�c2 c 6 17.�b3 �c7? 18.4)eg5 .£ld7

25.f4??

After 25 :�h3 E!.ge6!? 26.E!.dl ! (but not 26:�xhl ?
For if 26:�·d4 E!.f3+ ! 2 7 . gxf3
19.4) x e6! fxe6 20. � x e6+?

W h i t e w i n s w i th 2 0 . A x g6 h x g6 2 1 .�xe6+ �h8 22.
l . d 4 d5 2 . 4) {3 4) f6 3 . .Q.f4 e 6 4 . e 3 .Q. d 6 5 . .Q.g 5 4) bd7 6 . .Q.d3 .Q.e7 7 . .Q.f4 c5 8.c3 c4 9 . .Q.c2 b5 1 0 . 4) bd2 .Q.b7 1 1 .0-0 0-0 1 2.h3 E! c 8 1 3 . E! c 1 a5 1 4 . E! e 1 � b 6 1 5 . .£l f 1 E! fe8 1 6 . .£J e 5 E!cd8 1 7 . .Q.h2 .Q.d6 1 8 . 4) d 2 �c7 1 9.f4 4) e4 20.f!f1 f5 2 1 . 4) df3 4) df6 2 2 . � e 1 E! e 7 23 . .Q. g 3 .Q. a s 2 4 . .Q. h 4 E! f8 2 5 . � e 2 E! e e 8 2 6 . .Q. e 1 .Q. b 7 2 7 . h 2 .Q. a 6 28.E;tg1 E!bS 2 9 . 4) d 2 E!b6 30.g4 4) x d 2 3 l . .Q. x d 2 4) e4 3 2 . .1}.x e4 f x e4 3 3 . f! b 1 .1}.x e 5 3 4 . f x e 5 b4 3 5 . f! g f l f! x f 1 3 6 . � x f 1 b x c 3 3 7 . b x c 3 § x b1 38. � x b 1 �b7 39. � x b7 .1}.x b7, Draw

20 ... h8 2 1 . 4)g5

If now 2 1 .Axg6 then 2 l . . .E!.f6!. 2 1 ... E;tf6 22.4)f7+ g8 23 . .£l h6+ hS 24.4)f7+, D raw

According to Deutsche Schachzeitung, in the following event the scores of Salwe and Rubinstein came as no sur­ prise as they were top-flight players, but the high placing of the third-category pl ayer Dylien was unexpected. H i s odds of pawn and two moves were probably usefu l ! 30

1 882- 1 904 : The Young Rubinstein Both Dylien (as "Alpha") and "Vulcan" played under pseudonyms.

is usually given as 5 \ti-4 \ti (+4, =3, -3). We have also sometimes seen 6-4 (+5, -3, =2) and occasionally 6 \ti-3 \ti. If the latter is true the final result would likely have been +5, -2, =3 . The match was held in March and April of 1 904 at the Lodz Chess Club. Here are the two games that have been preserved.

Deutsche Schachzeitung 1 904 (p. 1 42) gives the game below as having been played in December 1 903 (round 4). (23) Chojnacki - Rubinstein Lodz 1 903 (odds of two moves and the f7-pawn)

(24) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz (I ) 1 904 Queen's Gambit Declined [D55]

l.e4 ... 2.d4 .£lc6 3.c3

l .d4 d5 2.c4 e 6 3 . .£l c 3 .£lf6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5 . .£lf3 a6 6.e3 dxc4 7.A xc4 b 5 s . A b 3 Ah7 9 . �e 2 .£l bd7 l O . § d l .£l e4 1 1 . .£l x e4 A x e4 1 2.Af4 Ab4+ 13.�fl o-o t4 . .£le5 .£l x e 5 1 5 . d x e 5 �e7 1 6.f3 Ab7 1 7 . �f2 c 5 1 8 . A c 2 c4 1 9 . A b l Ac5 20. �c2 �h4+ 21.Ag3 �h5 2 2 . § d 7 Ac6 2 3 . § c 7 §ac8 2 4 . § x c8 § x eS 2 5 . h4 ? �h6 26.�d2 Ab6 27.h5 §dB 28.�el A x e3+1 29.� x e3 §d2+ 30.� xd2 � xd2+ 3 l .�gl � x b2, 0-1

Here 3 .d5 is more energetic. 3 ... e5 4.d xe5 .£1 xe5 5. �h5+ .£lg6 6 . e 5 d6 7 . A d 3 A e 6 8 . A x g6 + hxg6 9.� x h8 d x e 5 10.�h7?

A rook up, thanks to Rubinstein ' s speculative play, White should develop as quickly as possible. H ence 1 0.<£lf3 is in order. 10 . . . �d3 l l . � h4 §dB 1 2 . .£l d 2 .£lf6 1 3 . .£lgf3?

(25) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz (3) 1 904 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D53]

But now developing the knight results only in more loss oftime. Here 1 3 . �g5, planning to bring the queen back for defense by �e3 or �xe5-e2, has been suggested.

l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 .£lf6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5 .e3 a6 6.cxd5 exd5 7.�b3 c6 8 . A d 3 .£l h 5 9 . A x e7 � x e7 tO. .£lf3 .£lf4 u.Mt .£ld7 12.0-o-o .£l e 6 1 3 .Ad3 0 - 0 1 4 . �c2 .£l f6 1 5 . e4 d x e4 1 6 . A x e4 Ad7 1 7 . Eth e l �d6 18. �d2 .£l f4 1 9 . .£l e 5 .£l 4d 5 2 0 . A c 2 .£1 x c 3 2 1 .bxc3 �a3+ 22.�bl Ae6 23.c4 §fd8 24.§e3 �d6 2 5 . Etg3 .£l e8 26.f4 f6 27.�d3 f5 28.d5 c x d 5 29.c xd5 � x d5 30.Ab3 � x d3+ 3 1 . §g xd3 A x b3 3 2 . § x d8 A x d l 33 . .§ x a8 Aa4 34.§b8 h6 35.�b2 �h7 36. § x b7 .£lf6 37.g3, 1-0

1 3 . . . e4 14 . .£l e 5 � d 5 1 5 . .£l ec4 �d3! 1 6 . .£le3 Ac5 17.�g3 �f8 1 8 . -tl d l e 3 1 1 9 . .£1 x e 3 § e 8 20.�dl? A xe3 21 .§el

Since 2 l .fxe3 Ag4+ mates. 21 . . . Ag4+ 2 2 .f3 Af5 2 3 . § e 2 �c2+ 24.�el Ad3, 0 - 1

The second match between the tw o stal­ warts of the Lodz Chess C lub saw Rubinstein win. The score ofthis match 31

0

0

0

0

Y2

y,

0

0

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3 . Janowsky

4 . "Alpha"

5. Goldfurb

6. Chojnacki

7 . 'Vulcan"

8. Gruenspan

9. Manakin

0

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0

0

0

I O. Friedman

0

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20. Mueller

2 l . Spreregen

22. Heller

0

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0

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1 6.Stillerman

0

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1 5 .Grave

0

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1 4.Granas

1 8 . Rosenblatt

0

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1 3 . Mazur

1 9. Segal

0

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I I . Halpern

1 2 .Chwat

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2 . Rubinstein

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I . Salwe

Lodz 1 903/04 Handicap December 6 - February 1 4

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Unknown.

U Result

Win by Forfeit.

Zeitung

Neue Lodzer

Source: Povarov,

1905 The following game, played on New Year ' s Day, may be from a double round robin event held in Lodz. The Russian chess h i storian Wladyslaw Povarov gives the following results: 1 . Rub i n s t e i n & S a l w e 2 Y2 ; 3 . D u s ­ Chotimirsky 1 . The game comes from the Almanach.

and finally Kiev While in Lodz he be­ friended Salwe and Rubinstein and played a training match with them. Dus­ Chotimirsky mentions he was not in best form but did manage to beat both of them ! This seems to be yet another episode in the early part of Rubinstein's career that is still a mystery.

There i s another p o s s i b i l i ty. Tony Gillam, one of the world 's great experts on Rubinstein, believes there may have been two tournaments, in d i fferent years :

(26) Dus-Chotimirsky - Rubinstein Lodz 1 905 French [C l l ]

=

1 903 : Lodz Training Tournament: 1 12 R u b i n s t e i n & S a l w e 2 Y2 ; D u s ­ Chotimirsky 1 (this first a 3 -player, double-round tournament) 1 905 (Jan?) : Lodz Training Tourna­ ment: 1 Dus-Chotimrsky 5 Y2; 2 Salwe 5; 3 Rubinstein 4Y2

1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ad3 c 5 5 . d x c 5 d x e4 6 . Jl b 5 + Jld7 7.Ag5 �a5 8.a4 A xc5 9.4)ge2 a6 1 0 . Jl, x f6 g x f6 l l . Jl,c4 4) c 6 1 2 . 4) g3 f 5 1 3.0-0 4) e 5 1 4 . �e2 0 - 0 - 0 1 5 . 4) a 2 �c7 1 6.b4 Aa7 17.Ab3 h5 18.f!fd1 4)g4 19.f!d2 Jl, x f2 + 2 0 . !it> h 1 Jl, x g 3 2 1 . h x g3 � xg3 22.�c4+ Jl,c6, 0-1 Barmen

Gil lam theorizes that the l atter was probably an eight-player round robin j udging from the scores. He further notes "Looking at the sparse informa­ tion again, and bearing in mind that this event would have had 3 players much better than the others, it could be 7 play­ ers with D-H beating R and S drawing with R and the 3 of them beating the rest. I suppose other combinations of results involving the lower players are possible, but less likely." Th i s theor i z i n g i s based o n D u s ­ Choti m irsky 's rem i n i scences in h i s book of games, !zabranie Partie, pub­ lis hed in Mosc ow in 1 95 2 . T here on pag es 1 5 and 1 6 he writes that in 1 905 he traveled first to Warsaw, then Lo dz,

Rubinstein made his international de­ but at the Barmen Chess Congress in A u g u s t of 1 9 0 5 . P l ay i n g in the Hauptturnier, which was comprised of aspiring masters, Akiva turned in an excellent result, scoring 12 points from 1 5 games to tie for first with Oldrich Duras. The ensuing playoff between the two up-and-comers ended inconclu­ sively at 1 - 1 . By virtue of his result in Barmen, Rubinstein was recognized as a master. GM William Lombardy and NM David Daniels, in their Chess Panorama, pp. 1 2 - 1 3 , have th i s to say about the Hauptturnier system: "The elaborate German chess organization was a ca-

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King sualty of the First World War, and there exi sted nothing comparable unti l the Russians began to organize their own chess players on a grand scale in the 1 92 0 ' s . An important d i fference be­ tween the two systems, however, was that the German one was European in scope - foreigners could, and often did, compete successfully in Hauptturniers - while the Russian was intended ex­ clusively for home use."

§dl 28.'l:f g5+ �f7 29.'l:fh6 §e6 3 0 . 'l:f f4 § e e l 3 1 . 'l:f c7+ § e 7 32.'l:fb8 a 6 33.�g2 §del 34.'l:ff4 �g7 35. 'l:fg5+ �f7 36. 'l:!h6 �e6 3 7 . f4 § f7 3 8 . f3 �d7 3 9 . �f 2 §ee7 40.c4 §eS 4l .c5 §ee7 42.b4 §eS 4 3 . b 5 a x b 5 44 . a x b 5 �e7 45.bxc6 bxc6 46.f5 §aS 47.'l:fe3+ �f8 48. 'l:fe6 §a2+ 49.�g3 §d2 5 0 . A a 6 § x d4 5 1 . 'l:f x c6 � g7 52. 'l:!d6 §d2 53.c6?

The Hauptturnier was played at the rate of one game a day from August 1 4 to 30. Time control was 30 moves in two hours followed by 1 5 moves in one hour.

T h i s l o s e s i m m e d i ately. B etter i s 5 3 . .llc8. 53 ... 4Jh5+ 54.�h4 §d4+ 55.�g5 4) f6, 0-1

(27) Englund - Rubinstein Barmen ( 1 ) 1 905 French Exchange [CO 1 ]

(28) Rubinstein - Heilmann Barmen (2) 1 905 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [040]

l .e4 e 6 2 . d4 d 5 3 . e x d 5 e x d 5 4.Ad3 4Jf6 5.4Jc3 Ad6 6.Ag5 c6 7.4Jf3 o-o s.o-o Ag4 9.h3 Ah5 1 0 . 4) e 2 A x f3 l l .g x f3 4) bd7 1 2 . � h l 'l:fc7 1 3 . 'l:!d2 4J h 5

l .d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.c4 c5 4.e3 4)f6 5.4)c3 4)c6 6.a3 b6? 7.cxd5 exd5

Or 7 .. A jxd5 8 . .ll b 5 il.b7 9.4Je5 §c8 1 0.�a4 and White wins at least a pawn, M inev-Morcken, Moscow (01) 1 956. 8.Ab5 �d6 9.e41 Ad7 10.e5 'l:fe7 1 1 . 0 - 0 4) g8 1 2 . 4) x d 5 � d 8 1 3 .'l:!a4 §c8 14.Ag5 4)ge7 15.dxc5 bxc5 16.§adl a6 17. 'l:f x a6 4)d4 18. 4) x d4 cxd4 19. § xd4 1-0

(29) Middleton - Rubinstein Barmen (3) 1 905 French Bum [C 1 1 ] 1 4 . § g l f51 1 5 . Ah6 f4 1 6 . !!g 5 4) df6 1 7 . §agl �h8 1 8 . A x g7+ 4) x g7 1 9 . § x g7 'l:f x g7 20 . § x g7 � x g7 2 1 . 4)x f4 A x f4 2 2 . 'l:f x f4 §f7 2 3 . A f 5 § e 8 2 4 . b 3 § fe7 25.Ad3 §el + 26.�h2 §Se7 27.a4

Notes by Bardeleben (B) and Authors (A). l .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.lilc3 4)f6 4.Ag5 d x e4 5 . 4)x e4 .ll, e 7 6 . .\l x f6 g x f6 7. 4)f3 f5 8 . .!£) c3 .!il d7 34

1 905 (B) Perhaps 29 .. .1''\x d l + 30.\t'xdl \t'f4 3 1 .\t'el \t'e3 offers more chances for Black.

(A) This forgotten continuation is one of many Rubinstein experiments in his favorite line of the French.

3 0 . § f l g5 3 1 .a4 a5 3 2 . Ac4 f4 33 .c3 §d6 34. §dl § x d l + 35.�xdl f3 36.gxf3 e x f3 37.�el f5 38.h4 g4 39.h5 �f6 40.h6 �g6 4 1 . � f 2 � x h 6 4 2 . � e 3 �g 5 4 3 . -'tf l b6 44.c4 �g6 4 5 . �f4 �h5 46.Ad3 �h4

9 . A e 2 c 5 1 0 . d 5 e5 l l . d6 Af6 12.4.)d5 0-0 13.�d2 e4 14. 4.) x f6+ � x f6 1 5 . �g5 + �g6 1 6 . � x g6+ h x g 6 1 7 . 4.) g5 4.) e 5 1 8 . 0 - 0 - 0 f6 19.4.) h3 Ae6 20.4.)f4 �f7 2 1 .h3 § a d S 2 2 . b 3 a 6 2 3 . § d 2 § d7 24.§ell §fd8

(B) Better was 24 . . . b5, defending the c4-square. Now White wins a piece. 25.4.) x e6 � xe6 26.f41 § xd6

(B) Forced. 26 . . . exf3? 27 . .llc 4+ mate ! . 27. § x d6+ § x d6 2 8 . f x e 5 � x e5 29.§dl §d4 Barmen 1 905

1 . Duras 2 . Rubinstein 3 . Uiwy

1

2

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Total

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1

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1

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12

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1

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1

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12

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0

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I I Y2

4 . Vidmar

0

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1 1 y2

5 . E.Cohn

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1

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1

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6 . Bleijkmans

0

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9 Y2

7. Heihnann

1

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1

8

8. Enghmd

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7 Yz

9 . Moewig

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7 Yz

1 0. Middleton

0

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7

I I . Kieseritzky

0

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6

I 2 . Petzold

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I 3 .Gajdos

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I 4. Benima

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1 5 . S artori

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1 6 . Kunze

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35

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 47.Afl

6 . . . .£j x e4 7.A x e7 .£j x f2 8.,1l. x d8 .£j xd1 9.Axc7 .£j xb2 10.Ae2 .£!c6 1 1 . .£l f3

(A) After 47 . ..\lxfS? f2 48.Ad3 'it'h3! (48 . . . g 3?? 4 9 . ..\lfl ) 49 . ..\lfl + 'it'h2 50.'it'xg4 'it'gl 5 l .Ad3 fl =Q 52 . ..\lxfl c.t> x fl 5 3 . 'it'f3 c.t>e 1 5 4 . c.t>e4 'it'd2 5 5 . 'it'd5 'it'c3 56.c.t>c6 c.t>xb3 57.'it'xb6 c.t>b4! it is Black who wins.

(A) According to ECO, White has com­ pensation for the pawn. 11 ... .£Ja4 12.Ad6 Ad7 13.c4 0-0-0 14.0-0 .£lc3 15.Ad3 Ae8 16.c5 f6 17.Ac4 .£ld5 18.a4 Ag6?!

47. . . 'iti'h5, Draw

(30) Rubinstein Lowy Barmen (4) 1 905 Queen 's Pawn [D02]

(A) Perhaps the immediate 18 . . . Ah5 is better.

-

19.a5 a6 20. E!,fe1 E!.he8 2 l . E!.e2 Ah5 22.E!.b2 .£Je3 23 . .£ld2 Ag6

1 .d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 c5 3.c3 e6 4.Af4 .£!c6 5.e3 �b6 6.�b3 c4 7.�c2 .£! f6 8 . h 3 Ad7 9 . .£l bd 2 E!,c8 10.Ae2 �a5 1 1 .0-0 b5 12.a3 Ae7 13.e4 �a4 14.�b1! 'iti'f8 15 . .£Je5 Ae8 1 6 . Af3 h 6 1 7 . e x d 5 e x d 5 18.E!.e1 .£jd8 19 . .£Jfl .£! e6 20. �f5 �a6 2 1 .Ad2 E!,d8 2 2 . E!,e2 E!,d6 23. E!.ae1 g6 24. �c2 'iti'g7 25.g3! A d s 2 6 . Ag 2 .£! g8 2 7 . f4 f6 28 . .£l f3 f5 29 . .£Je3 .£J f6 30 . .£l h4 'iti'h7 31 . .£jexf5 E!.b6 32.'iti'h2 Af7 33 . .£Je3 .£!g7 34 . .£J f3 .£!d7 35 . .£Je5 .£J xe5 36.fxe5 �b7 37.E!.f2 Ae6 3 8 . E!, e f 1 .£l f5 3 9 . .£J x f 5 A x f5 40 . E!, x f5 g x f5 4 l . � x f5 + E!, g6 4 2 . e 6 Ac7 4 3 . A x d 5 A x g3 + 44 . 'iti' h 1 � e 7 4 5 . Ae4 E!. hg8 4 6 . �f7+ � x f7 4 7 . e x f7 E!, f8 48.E!,f6, 1-0

( V ) A good answ er. I f 23 . . . 4J x d 4 24.§abl § d7 then 25 .Axa6! . 24.E!.a3 .£l f 5 25.E!.b6

25 . . . .£j xd6?

(V) It is understandable that Black is anxious to eliminate the strong bishop. But stronger, much stronger, is the simple 25 . . . 4Jfxd4 ! . In this case White should use heroic resources, probably 26. § ab3!?.

(3 1 ) Vidmar Rubinstein Barmen (5) 1 905 French Bum [C 1 1 ] -

Notes by Vidmar (V) and Authors (A).

26.,1l. x a6!!

1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3 . .£lc3 .£!f6 4.Ag5 dxe4 5 . .£J xe4 Ae7 6.Ad3!?

( V ) The de c i s i v e b l o w ! If now 26 . . . b x a6 the n 2 7 . l"l x c 6 + 'b7 (or

(V) My gambit in this variation. 36

1 905 2 7 . . . 'it'b8 2 8 . c x d6) 2 8 . .§ b6+ 'it'c7 2 9 . c x d6 + .§ x d6 3 0 . .§ c 3 + 'it'd7 3 l ..§ b7+ 'it'd8 32 . .§ cc7 .§ xd4 33 . .§ xg7 'it'c8 34 . .§ bc7+ 'it'b8 3 5 A::l b 3! .§ d l + 3 6.'it'f2 .§ ed8 37 . .£lc5 and White wins.

(33) Benima - Rubinstein Barmen (7) 1 905 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D5 5] 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£\c3 .£1 f6 4.Ag5 .£1 bd7 5.e3 Ae7 6 . .£1f3 0-0 7.tftc2 b6 8 . 0 - 0 - 0 Ab7 9 . c x d 5 e x d 5 1 0 . h4 c 5 l l . A d 3 f! c 8 1 2 . .Q.f5 c x d4 13 . .£\ x d4 g6 14. Ad3 .£\c5 1 5 . 'it> b 1 .£1 fe4 1 6 . -'l, x e7 tt1 x e7 1 7 . h 5 .£\ x d 3 1 8 . f! x d3 f!c4 1 9 . h x g6 h x g6 20.f3 .£\c5 2 1 .b3 .£\ xd3 22.� xd3 f!c5 23 . .£\ce2 f!e8 24.f!h6 �g5

26 . . . .£\a7 27.c x d6 f!d7 28. f! x b7 f! x b7 29.f!b3 .£1c6 30.f! x b7 .£\b8 31.f!c 7+ d8 32.Ab5 e5 33.d5 e4 34 . .£\ b3 Af5 3 5 . .£\ d4 Acs 36. -'l, x eS, 1 -0

(32) Rubinstein - E. Cohn Barmen (6) 1 905 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D53 ]

The immediate capture of the e-pawn by 24 . . . �xe3 allows 2 5 . .§ xg6+.

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e 6 3 . .£\c3 .£1f6 4.Ag5 .£\bd7 5 . .£\f3 Ae7 6.e3 c6 7.Ad3 dxc4 8.-'l, xc4 b5 9.Ad3 a6 10.0-0 Ab7 1 1 . � e 2 c5 1 2 . f! ad 1 c4 13.Ab1 f!c8 14 . .£\e5 b4 1 5 . .£\ a4 .£\ x e 5 1 6 . d x e 5 .£1 d 5 1 7 . -'l, x e7 tt1 x e7 1 8 . f4 tftc7 1 9 . e 4 .£1 b6 20 . .£\ x b6 ttf x b6 + 2 1 . 'it> h 1 0 - 0 22.f!d6 tftc5 23.Ac2 Ac6 24. tftf2 tft xf2 25.f!xf2 Ab5 26.f!fd2 f!c5 27.'it>g1 g6 28.f!2d4 'it>g7 29.f!b6 fifeS 30.a4 bxa3 3 1 .b x a3 c3 32.a4 Ac4 33.'it>f2 f!8c7 34. 'it>e3 Afl 35.g4 g5 36.fxg5 f! xe5 37.h4 j'lc4 3 8 . f! d 8 f6 3 9 . g x f6 + 'it> x f6 40. f!f8+ 'it>g7 4 1 . f! bb8 f! e c 5 42. f!g8+ 'it>f7 43.g5 e5 44. f!be8 f! d7 4 5 . f!ef8+ 'it> e 7 4 6 . f! g7 + xf8 47. f! x d7 Af7 48.f!a7 f!c6 49.'it>d 3 Ags 5 0 . h 5 .Q.f7 5 1 .g6 h x g6 5 2 . h 6 g 5 5 3 . f! a8 + Ae8 5 4 . h 7 f! h 6 5 5 . x c3 f! x h7 5 6 . f! x a 6 g4 5 7 . f! f6 + f! f7 5 8 . f! x f7 + x f7 5 9 . 'it> d 2 'it>f6 60.a5 Ac6 61 .'it>e3 e7 62.a6 g3 63 . A d 3 d6 6 4 . f3 c 5 6 5 . 'it> x g3 'it> b 6 6 6 . 'it> f3 A e 8 67 . g4 Ag6 6 s . � f3 Ah7 69. -'l,b5 j'lg6 70.�e3 Ah7, Draw

25.f!h2 � x e3 26.�d1 Aa6 27.g4 A xe2

This is how the game score is given in all sources, but as Alan Savage pointed out in his review of the first edition of thi s book, neither player is likely to have m i s sed 28 . .§ x e 2 when White w i n s . We theorize that the miss ing moves 27 . . . �d3 + and 28.'it'b2 were left out. With those inserted, the game continuation makes sense; 28 . . . �xe2

37

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 8.e4 fxe4 9.� x e4 � xe4 1 0. .Q. x e4 dS l l .Ac2 dxc4 12.dxeS � xd1 + 1 3 . A x d 1 AcS 14.Ac2 0-0 1 S . Ad 2 � d 7 1 6 . f4 � b6 1 7 . b4 Ae7 18.0-0 E!d8 1 9 . f!fd 1 Ag4 2 0 . \t'f2 � d S 2 l . a 3 f!f8 2 2 . g3 E!ae8 23.Ae4 .ilf6! 24.f!ac1 A xeS 2S.Af3 A x f3 26.\t'xf3 b5 27.f!c2 g S 2 8 . h 4 h6 2 9 . h x g 5 h x g S 30.f!h1 .Q.g7 31 . .Q.c1 f!e7 32.f!hS g4 + 3 3 . \t' x g4 � f6 + 3 4 . \t' h 4 � x h S 3 5 . \t' x h 5 E! fe8 3 6 . � c 3 .Q. d 4 3 7 . \t'g4 f! e 1 38 .fS .il x c3 3 9 . E! x c 3 13 8 e 4 + 4 0 . \t'g 5 E! d 4 41.g4 f!ee4 42.f!g3 \t'f7 43.\t'h5 f!d3 44.f!g2 f!e1 4 S .Af4 f!h1 + 46.\t'gS c3 47.f!e2 f!d8 48.Ae3 f!e8, 0-1

29.4:lxe2 (29Jhe2 �xd4+ 30.�xd4 1"\ x e 2 + winning) 29 . . . �xf3 3 0 . 'it' a l �e4 3 l .�d4 1"\ c l + . 2 8 . � x e 2 � x f3 2 9 . \t' a 1 30.�d4 f!cl +, 0-1

�e4

Oldrich Duras ( 1 882- 1 95 7), who was born the same year as Rubinstein, was among the top dozen players in the world from 1 906 to 1 9 1 2 . The Oxford Companion notes: "After the war he was unable to spare enough time from his professional duties to continue his tournament career; instead he success­ fully renewed his interest in study com­ posing, which he had pursued in his youth. He also composed problems at this time."

(36) Moewig - Rubinstein Barmen ( 1 0) 1 905 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [040]

(34) Duras - Rubinstein Barmen (8) 1 905 Ruy Lopez [C77] l . e4 e 5 2 . � f3 � c 6 3 . A b5 a6 4.Aa4 �f6 5.d3 d6 6.�c3 Ad7 7.0-0 Ae7 8.Ab3 �a5 9.d4 exd4 1 0 . � x d4 � x b 3 l l . a x b3 0 - 0 1 2 . Ag 5 f! e 8 1 3 . f! a d 1 A c 6 14.E!fe1 h 6 15.Ah4 �d7 16.�d5 A x d5 17.e x d 5 g5 1 8 . Jlg3 � h 5 19.�d3 Af6 20.c3 �b5 21.�xb5 a x b 5 2 2 . b4 \t'f8 2 3 . \t'f l f! a 2 2 4 . f! b 1 g4 2 5 . � g 1 f! x e 1 + 26.\t'xe1 Ae5 27.A xe5 dxe5 28.f3 g x f3 2 9 . � x f3 f6 3 0 . g3 \t'e7 3 1 . � h4 �g7 32.�g2 �f5 33.g4 �d6 34.�e3 �c4 35.�f5+ \t'f7 36.\t'f2 \t'g6 37.\t'f3?? �d2+, 0-1

1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 �f6 4.�f3 c S s .e3 � c6 6 . d x c S A x e S 7 . a 3 0 - 0 8.b4 .Q.e7 9.Ab2 a 6 10.�c2 d x c4 1 l . A xc4 b5 1 2 . f!d 1 �b6 13.Ad3 Ab7 14.0-0 E!ac8 1S. �b1 E!c7 1 6 . � e4 � x e4 1 7 . A x e4 g6 18.h4 a5 19.hS f5 20.hx g6 h xg6 2 l . A xc6 A x c6 2 2 . � a 2 AdS 2 3 . f! x d 5 e x d S 24. � x d S + \t'h7 2 5 . � d4 a x b4 2 6 . � e6 b x a 3 2 7 . � x f8 + A x f8 2 8 . ,ild4 � c 6 29.�d8 \t'g8 30.�h4 13h7 31.�g3 b4 32.f!d1 �d6 33.f4 f!d7 34.f!c1 b 3 3 S . � h 4 f! h 7 3 6 . � e 1 b 2 37.f!c8 f!b7 38. �b1 � e 6 3 9 . f! a8 �c4 4 0 . \t' h 2 E! b 3 , 0 - 1

(35) Rubinstein - Bleijkmans Barmen (9) 1 905 Dutch [A84]

(37) Rubinstein - Gajdos Barmen ( 1 1 ) 1 905 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [032]

1.d4 fS 2.c4 e6 3.e3 �f6 4.Ad3 d6 s . � c3 eS 6.�ge2 c6 7 .f3 g6

1.d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.c4 4)f6 4.4)c3 cS S.cxdS e xd S 6.Af4 a6 7.e3 4)c6

38

1 905 s. A e2 Ae7 9.dxc5 A xc5 10.0-0 0- 0 l l . E{cl -'le7 1 2 . 4) d4 4) x d4 1 3 . � x d4 Ae6 1 4 . Af3 � a 5 1 5.!!cd1

d x c4 8 . A x c4 0 - 0 9 . h 3 � b 6 10.Ab3 E{d8 1 1 .0-0 4)f8 12. �e2 4)g6 1 3.Ah2 Ad6 14.4)e5 A xe5 1 5 . d x e 5 4) d 5 1 6 . 4) e4 A d 7 17.4)d6 Ae8 18.e4 4) de7 19.ct;h1 4) c8 2 0 . f4 �b4 2 1 . f 5 4) x d 6 22.exd6 4)f8 23. �g4, 1-0

More logical was the natural lS . .§ fd l . 1 5 . . . !!fd8 16.Ae5 E{ac8 17.-'le2 �b4 1 8 . � x b4 A x b4 1 9 . Af3 Jt xc3 20.A xc3 4) e4 2 1 . Ad4 f6 22.Ae2 ct;f7 23.f3 4)d6 24. E{c1 E{ xc1 25.E{xc1 !!c8 26.E{ x c8 A xeS 27.ct;f2 Ad7 28.ct;e1 4)b5

(39) Kieseritzky - Rubinstein Barmen ( 1 3) 1 905 Queen's Gambit Cambridge Springs [052] 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag5 4) bd7 5.e3 c6 6.4)f3 �a5

Here 28 . . . .\lbS makes more sense. Now the young Rubinstein demonstrates his legendary endgame prowess.

The Cambridge Springs takes its name from the small town in eastern Penn­ sylvania, where a big international tour­ nament was held in 1 904. The actual sequence of moves was first played back in 1 892 in Hodges-Lasker.

2 9 . A c 5 ct;e6 3 0 . ct; d 2 f5 3 1 .b3 4) d 6 3 2 . a 4 4) c 8 3 3 . ctlc 3 4) e7 34.Ad4 g6 35.ct;b4 Ac6

7.Ax f6 gx f6 8.cxd5 cxd5 9.Ad3 A e 7 1 0 . � c 2 f5 1 1 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 1 2 . ct;h 1 4) f6 13.4)e5 Ad6 14.f4 a6 15.!!f3 4) e4 16.E{h3 f6 17.4)f3 b5 18.4) x e4 fxe4 1 9 . -'l x e4 d x e4 20. � x e4 !!a7 21 .E{c1 !!c7 22.E{g1 b4 2 3 .g4 �d5 2 4 . � d 3 Ab7 25.!!fl !!g7 26.b3 e5 27.�c4 exf4 28.!!h5 � xc4 29.bxc4 fxe3 30.d5 E{ x g4 3 1 . !! e 1 f 5 3 2 . h 3 !! x c4 33.!!d1 e2, 0-1

36. ct;c5 ct;d7 37.a5 4) c8 38.Ad1 .£Ja7 3 9 . h4 4) b 5 4 0 . A c 2 4) c7 4 l .g3 4)e8 4 2 . A e 5 1 ct;e6 43 .f4 ctld7 44.b4 4)c7? 45.Axc7 ct; xc7 46. Ab3 h5 47.Aa2 ct;d7 4s.Axd5 A xd5 49.ct; xd5 ctlc7 50.ct;e5, 1-0

(40) Rubinstein - Petzold Barmen ( 1 4) 1 905 Queen 's Gambit Semi-Slav [046] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.4)c3 4) bd7 5.e3 c6 6.Ad3 Ad6 7.0-0 e5

(38) Rubinstein - Sartori Barmen ( 1 2) 1 905 Queen 's Gambit Declined [037]

A forgotten "novelty."

1 . d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.4)c3 Ae7 5.Af4 c6 6.e3 .£l bd7 7.-'ld3

8.cxd5 cxd5 9.dxe5 .£! xe5 10.Ae2 .£lc6 l l .�b3 0-0 1 2 . f!d1 .£la5?1

39

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King Probably better is 1 2 . . . J:ie6, and i f 1 3 .�xb7 .£\b4! 1 4 .a3 ( 1 4 .�b5? Ad7 1 5 .�b7 Ac6) 14 .. .l:"\ b8 1 5 .�xa7 §. a8 w i t h a draw, or 1 3 . .£\d4 ? ! .£\ x d4 1 4 . §. xd4? Ae5 . 1 3 . �a4 A e 6 1 4 . b3 a6 1 5 . Ab2 �b6? 16. �h4 �ds 17.Ad3 h6 18.4)e2 Ae7 19.4)f4 4) e4 20. �h5 4)f6 21.-'l_xf6 -'l_ x f6 22.§ac1 4)c6 2 3 . Ac4 �a5 2 4 . -'l_ x d 5 -'l_ x d 5 2 5 . 4) x d 5 � x a 2 26. 4) x f6+ g x f6 27.4) h4 E!fd8 28.4)f5, 1-0

leave after the first game was drawn. We consider the tournament book the most reliable source. The first game of the match follows; the second appears to be lost forever. ( 42) Duras - Rubinstein Barmen (Playoff) 1 905 French Exchange [CO I ] l . e4 e6 2 . d4 d 5 3 . e x d 5 e x d 5 4.Ad3 4Jf6 5.4Jf3 Ad6 6.0-o o-o 7 . Ag 5 Ag4 8 . 4) c 3 c6 9 . � d 2 4) bd7 10.4)e2 �c7 1 1 . 4)g3 §ae8 1 2 . § a e 1 § e 6 1 3 . 4) h4 § fe 8 1 4 . 4) hf5 § x e 1 1 5 . § x e 1 § x e l + 1 6 . � x e 1 -'l_ f 4 1 7 . -'l_ x f4 � x f4 18. �e7 g6 19. �d8+ 4)f8 20. � x f6 -'l_ xf5 21.4) xf5 �c1+ 22.-'l_fl gxf5 2 3 . h 4 4) e 6 2 4 . � x f 5 � x b 2 2 5 . A d 3 �c 1 + 2 6 . � h 2 �f4+ 27. � x f4 4) xf4 28.-'l_f1 4)e6 29.c3 �g7 30. �g3 c5 3 1 .d x c 5 4) x c 5 32.�f4 4)e4 33.c4 4)d2

( 4 1 ) Kunze - Rubinstein Barmen ( 1 5 ) 1 905 French Bum [C 1 1 ] 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag5 d x e4 5 . A x f6 g x f6 6 . 4) x e4 f5 7.4)c3 Ag7 8.4)f3 0-0 9.4)e5? c5 10.f4 c x d4 1 1 . 4)e2 4)c6 1 2 . 4) f3 �b6 1 3.§b1 �a5+ 14.4)d2 Ad7 1 5 . 4) c 1 �c7 1 6 . 4) d 3 E!ac8 17.-'l_e2 4)e7 18.§c1 4)d5 19.4)f1 4) xf4 20.4) xf4 � x f4 21.4)d2 Ac6 22.g3 �g5 23.0-o Ah6 24. 4Jb3 �e3+ 25.§f2 e5 26.�fl f4 27.g4 f3 28. -'l_ x f3 -'l_ x f3 29.§e1 E! xc2! 3 0 . § x e3 -'l_ x e3 3 1 . � e 1 A x f2 + 3 2 . � x f2 § x f2 3 3 . � x f2 A d 5 34. 4) c 1 §c8 3 5 . 4) d3 e 4 36.4)e1 e3+ 37.�e2 Ae4, 0- 1

The two winners of the Hauptturnier played a short match at the end of the tournament to try to find a clear win­ ner but the matter remained unresolved when both games were drawn and Rubinstein had to leave. Curiously, in an apprec i at i O n o f Duras i n Ceskoslovensky Sach, 1 93 1 (p. 1 63 ) , his match record is given a s Rubinstein (Barmen 1 905) 2-2. The Field of 1 905 (pp. 506-507) says Rubinstein had to

34.c xd5!

In a difficult position Duras finds an e x c e l l e nt i d e a , after w h i c h i t i s Rubinstein who must play careful ly. 34 . . . 4) x fl 3 5-�e5 � d 2 36. �d6 �f6 3 7 . � c7 � e 4 3 8 . d 6 4J c 5 40

1 905 3 9 . d7 4) e 6 + 40 .

with advantage for White . Rubin­ stein 's continuation also gives an edge.

Impossible is 42.g4? hxg4 43.h5 f5! and Black wins.

13 . . . A x c3 1 4 . � x c3 �c7 1 5 . c 5 §e8 16.§ad1 exd4 17. § x d4! �e5 18.Ag31 �f6

42 . . . f 5 4 3 . g 3 a5 4 4 . a 4 4) d 8 4 5 .
If 1 8 . . . 'i�hc5, 1 9 . Ac4+ �h8 20.Ad6 �b6 2 l .M7 .§dB 22.Ae7 wins. 1 9 . § fd 1 4) f8 2 0 . � b 3 +
The First Match With Mieses

White also wins with 22 . .§ d6! 4Jxc5 23 . .§ xf6! 4:lxb3 24.Ae5! 4Ja5 25 . .ll a 2 c5 2 6 . .§ f7 Ae6 2 7 . A x e 6 .§ x e 6 2 8 . -'txg7+ 'it'g8 29 . .§ dd7, etc . , but Rubinstein, as usual, prefers the sim­ plest and clearest path.

The 1 9 0 9 match between Jacques M i e s e s ( 1 8 6 5 - 1 9 5 4 ) and A k i v a Rubinstein is well known, but their ear­ lier encounter, played in Lodz in the fall of 1 905, has escaped much attention. The young Rubinstein had no problems dealing with his famous opponent's at­ tacking ability, winning 3-0. Two of the games have b e e n preserved i n Daniuszewski 's Ksiega Jubileyszowa Lodzkiego Towarzystwa Zwolennikow Gry Szachovey 1903- 1938.

22 . . . � xe6

(43) Rubinstein - Mieses Lodz ( 1 ) October 24, 1 905 Queen's Gambit Cambridge Springs [D52] 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag5 c6 5.4)f3 4) bd7 6.e3 �a5 7.4)d2 Ab4 8. �c2 4)e4? 9.4)dxe4 dxe4 10. Jlh41

23.§d8! h6 24. �c3 �e7 25.Ah41, 1-0

This continuation, played here for the first time, is still considered White's best answer to 8 . . . 4Je4?. As often hap­ pens, this stem game is omitted in re­ cent opening books.

(44) Mieses - Rubinstein Lodz (2) October 26, 1 905 Danish Gambit [C2 1 ] 1 .e4 e 5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3 �e7

1 0 . . . 0 - 0 1 1 . A e 2 f5 1 2 . 0 - 0 e 5 13 .a3

Three years later at Prague, against the same opponent (game # 1 8 8), Rubinstein preferred 3 . . d 5 and won in 1 6 moves!

E CO g i v e s Kav a l e k - J a n o s e v i c , Netanya 1 9 7 1 : 1 3 . c 5 exd4 1 4 . ex d4

.

41

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 4 .c x d4 tt x e4 + 6.4)c3 d51

5 . .il. e 3

.i}.b4+

played at the Lodz Chess Club, but we have been unable to find any precise information about it.

A maj or improvement over the ex­ ample shown in ECO, where 6 . . . <£Jf6 7.<£lf3 <£ld5 8.�d2 <£lxe3 9.fxe3 �e7 1 O.Ad3 d6 1 1 .0-0 Axc3 1 2 .bxc3 <£lc6 1 3 .e4, Romashkevich-Saburov, Russia 1 8 89 ( ! ), gave White good attacking chances.

(45) Rubinstein - Granas Lodz December 6, 1 905 (without Ng l ) 1 .e4 e 5 2 . .i}.c4 4)f6 3.0-0 .il.c5 4.c3 d6 5.d4 .i}.b6 6.f4 4) xe4 7.tth5 g6 s . ttf3 f5 9 . f x e 5 d x e5 1 0 . !\tl h 1 4) d 6 1 1 . .il. b 3 e4 1 2 . ttg3 ttf6 13 . .il.g 5 ttg7 14 . .i}. h 6 1 tte7 15 . .il.g 5 ttg7 1 6 . .i}. h 6 tte7 1 7 . 4) d 2 .i}.e6 1 8 . .il,.g 5 tt d 7 19.tte5 4)f7 20.ttg7 .il,.xb3

7.4)f3 .il.f5 s.ttb3 4) c6 9.0-0-0 .i}. xc3 10.bxc3 0-0-0 l l ..i1.d3 tte6 1 2 . E!he1 .i}. x d3 1 3 . E! x d 3 4) ge7 14.tta4 l\tlb8 1 5 . E!d2 f6 16.§.b2 4)c8 17 . .i1.f4

If 1 7 .Ah6 �d6! 1 8 . Axg7 l"l hg8 and 1 9 . . . 1"\ xg2. 17 ... ttd7 18.ttb5 4) b6 19.4)d2

If 1 9 . a 4 'i!i>c8! 2 0 . a 5 ? a6 ! , but not 1 9 ... 'i!i>a8? 20.a5 a6 2 l .axb6! . 19 . . . E!he8 20.E!d1 ttg4 2 1 . .il.g3 tte2 22. ttb3 4)a5 23. tta3 4)ac4 2 4 . 4) x c4 tt x c4 2 5 . E!b4 ttc6 26.ttb3 E!e2 27.E!b5 E!d7 28.E!b4 4) c4 2 9 . E!g 1 a 5 3 0 . E! a4 tte6 3 1 . tt d 1 E! e 7 32 . .i1. e 5 E! x f2 33.tte1 ttf5 34.ttd1 E!d2, 0-1

2 1 . 4) x e4 1 1 f x e4 2 2 . E! a e 1 .il,. c 2 2 3 . E!f4 tt d 5 2 4 . E!efl E! f8 2 5 . E! x f7 1 tt x f7 2 6 . §. x f7 E! x f7 2 7 . ttgS + !\tid 7 2 8 . tt x f7 + l\tl c 6 2 9 .c4 A x d4 3 0 . tt d 5 + l\tl b 6 3 1 .ttb5+ m ate

The following game may be from one of the many handicap tournaments

42

St. Petersburg 1906 Rubinstein's second appearance in the A l l - R u s s i an C h am p i o n s h i p at S t . Petersburg showed marked improve­ ment as he goes from fi fth at Kiev ( ! 903) to equal second. The time con­ trol was 30 moves in two hours fol­ lowed by 1 5 moves an hour. (46) Rubinstein - Omeliansky St. Petersburg (I) 1 906 Dutch Stonewall [A84] After

l.d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.e3 c6 4.c4 Ad6 5 . 4J c3 f5 6 . 4) e5 'lt/f6 7.f4 4) d7 S . A d 3 d x c4 9 . A x c4 A x e 5 10.dxe5 4) xe5 1 1.Ab3 4)g4 12.0-0 4)e7 1 3.e4 0-0 14.h3 4) h6 15.Ae3 'i!7hS 1 6 . 'lt/ d 2 b6 1 7 . e 5 'lt/g6 l S . § a c l A a 6 1 9 . § f d l 4J d 5 20.4) xd5 exd5 21.a4 §fdS 22. 'lt/f2 Ab7 23.§d2 c5 24.'lt/f3 'lt/c6 25.a5 'lt/d7 2 6 . 'i!7 h 2 d4 2 7 . 'lt/ d t Ad5 2 S . A f 2 A x b3 2 9 . 'lt/ x b3 'lt/d5 30.'lt/b5 'lt/e4 3 l .g3 §abS 32.axb6 a x b6 3 3 . b4 §deS 34. 'lt/d7 §dS 3 5 . 'lt/ a7 c x b4 3 6 . § x d4 'lt/ e 2 37.'i!7gl b 3 3S.§el 'lt/c2 39.e6 §gS 40.§b4 b5 41.'lt/a3 §geS 42.'lt/ x b3 'lt/xb3 43.§ x b3 4)gS 44. §e5 4)f6 45 . § x f5 § x e6 46 . § f x b 5 §beS 47. f5 §e2 4S.§bS 'i!7gS 49.§ x eS+ ltl xeS 50.'i!7g2 'i!7f7 5 1 . 'i!7f3 §a2 5 2 . § b7 + 'i!7gS 5 3 . Ad4 § a 3 + 5 4 . 'i!7 f4 § a 4 5 5 . 'i!7 e 5 § a 5 + 56.'i!7e6 § xf5? (see diagram) 57.g4

Rubinstein takes Black at his word. After suffering much of the game, Akiva slips j ust when the win was near. As Jack O ' Keefe points out, 57.� xf5 4Jd6+ 58.�e6 4Jxb7 59 . .ll b 6 traps the kn ight.

56... Et xf5 ?

57 . . . §fl 5S.g5 §el+ 59.Ae5 §e2 60.h4 §el 61 .h5 §e2 62.h6 gxh6 63.g x h 6 §a2 64.§bS §a6+ 6 5 . 'i!7 e 7 § a 7 + 6 6 . 'i!7 x eS § a S ! 6 7 . 'i!7 e 7 + § x bS 6S . A x bS 'i!7 h S 69.'i!7f6 'i!7gS 70.Ae5 'i!7fS, Draw

(47) He/bach - Rubinstein St. Petersburg (2) 1 906 French Steinitz [C l l ] l .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4Jc3 4) f6 4.e5 4)fd7 5.f4 c5 6.dxc5 4)c6 7.Ae3 4) xc5 S.j},xc5?!

A dubious idea, not mentioned in ECO. S ... A xc5 9. 'lt/g4 0-0 10.a3?

Consistent and better is 1 0.0-0-0. 10 ... 'lt/b6 1 1 . 4)ge2 'lt/ xb2 1 2.§a2 'lt/b6 1 3 . 4) c l 'lt/a5 14.'lt/h3 Ad4 1 5 . 'i!7 d 2 f6 1 6 . 4) b3 'lt/ x c 3 + 1 7 . 'lt/ x c 3 A x c3 + 1 S . 'i!7 x c 3 f x e 5 1 9 . f x e 5 4) x e 5 2 0 . A d 3 A d 7 2 1 . § e l § acS+ 2 2 . 'i!7 d 2 § f 2 + 2 3 . § e 2 4) x d 3 24 . c x d3 § x e 2 + 2 5 . 'i!7 x e 2 § c 3 2 6 . 4) d4 'i!7f7 27.'i!7d2 §c7 2S. 4)f3 'i!7f6 29.§al

0

0

0

0

8 . Dus-Chotimirsky

9. Izbinsky

0

0

0

0

F

F

0

0

0

0

0

F

1 3 . Maliutin

1 4. 0meliansky

1 5 . Helbach

1 6. Chigorin

1 7 . Tabunshctukov

1

1 2 . Talvik

0

1

0

y,

7 . Romanovsky

Y2

0

0

5. Alapin

6 . Evtifuev

1 1 . Levitsky

Y2

�2

4 . Znosko- Borovsky

1 0. Rosenkrantz

Y2

0

3 . Rubinstein

1

1

Y2

2 . Blumenfeld

X

2

0

X

1 . Salwe

0

F

F 0

F

1 0

0 F 0

F

0

1

y,

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

X

0

F

\t2

y,

0

0

0

0

0

1

X

0

y,

F

F

Y2

1

F

0

0

0

1

0

F

1

0

y, F

0

1

0

0

0

0

y,

0

X

1

1

X

1

0

1

1

\t2

0

1

0

1

1

y,

y,

1

1

1

Y2

X

1

1

1

0

1

Y2

1

1

0

0

\t2

0

X

0

1

0

1

y, 1

1

y,

1

0

1 1

1

9

1

0

1

8

1

Y2

0

y,

0

7

y,

1

1

1

6

0

0 0

0

0 0

1

1 0

1

0

0

0

Y2

y,

Y2

Y2

0

0

0

X

1 0

\t2

y,

y,

0

X

\t2

\t2

y,

\t2

y,

X

0

1

5

y,

4

3

y,

January 2-23

St. Petersburg 1 906

1

1

F

F

0

0

0

X

0

F

Y2

0

X

1

0

1

y,

0

0

1

1

1

1

0

F

\t2

X

1

1

1

1

1

0

y,

0

y,

1

1

y,

1

1

4

y,

1

3

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

F

F

X

y,

Y2

1

1

y2

1

Y2

y,

1

0

1

1

1

1

5

F

X

1

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

6

X

F

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

7

0

5 Y2

6

6

6 \t2

7

8

8

8

10

10

1 0 \t2

1 1 \t2

12

12

13

Total

St. Petersburg 1 906 jla4 3 0 . � e 1 e5 3 l . § b 1 d4 3 2 . §b2 b6 33. �f3 E!c3 34.§a2 jlb3 35.§b2 Jld5 36.a4 E!a3, 0- 1

(50) Rubinstein - Evtifeev St. Petersburg (5) 1 906 Old Indian [A5 3 ]

(48) Rubinstein - Znosko-Borovsky St. Petersburg (3) 1 906 Queen 's Pawn [DOS]

1 .d4 c 6 2.c4 �f6 3.�c3 d6 4.e4 �bd7 5.f4 t:/a5 6.e5 �e4 7.t:/c2 d5 8.Ad3 � xc3 9.bxc3 e6 10.�f3 Ae7 l l .c x d 5 c x d 5 1 2 . 0 - 0 � fS 13.§b1 t:/c7 14.f5 Ad7 1 5 . §f2

1.d4 d5 2.�f3 �f6 3.e3 e6 4.Ad3 c5 5.b3 cxd4 6.exd4 �c6 7.Ab2 Ad6 S.�bd2 t:/c7 9.a3 b6 10.0-0 0-0 1 1 . § e 1 � e7 1 2 . c4 � g6 1 3 . §c 1 t:/e7 14.b4 � f4 1 5.Afl d x c4 1 6 . � x c4 Ab7 1 7 . � fe 5 §fdS 1S. §c3 §acS 1 9 . t:/d2 �g6 20. � x g6 h x g6 2 1 . � x d 6 t:/ x d6 22.§h3 t:/c6 23. t:/f4 §d5 24.§c1 t:/d6 2 5 . § x cS+ A x eS 2 6 . t:/ x d6 § x d6 27.§c3 Ad7 2S. § c7 §c6 29. § xc6 A xc6 30.f3 b5 3 l . Cit'f2 �fS 3 2 .Ac1 �d5 33.Ad3 Cifle7 34.h4 Cifld6 35. Cifle2 AeS 36.Ae4 Ad7 37.Cifld3 Aes 3S.Ad2 Ad7 39.Ae1 a6 40.Ag3+ Cifle7 41.Ae5 f6 4 2 . Abs Cit'f7 4 3 . g4 Acs 44 . Ag3 Ab7 4 5 . Cifl d 2 Acs 46. Abs Ab7 4 7 . f4 f5 4 S . Af3 Ac6 49.g5 � x b4 50.a x b4 A x f3 5 1 .d5! exd5 52.Cifle3 Ag4 53.Cifld4 �e6 54.Ae5 Af3 55.Ax g7 Cifld6 56.AfS+ Cit'c6 57.Ae7 Ah5, Draw

A c t i v e a n d p e r h a p s s t ro n g e r i s 1 5 . �g5 . 1 5 . . . h 6 1 6 . A d 2 a6 1 7 . h 3 b 5 18.�h2 AdS 19.�g4 h5 20.�e3 t:/c6 2 1 .§bfl §a7 22.fxe6 jl x e6 2 3 . � f5 A x f5 2 4 . § x f 5 � e 6 2 5 . t:/ d 1 g6 2 6 . § 5f2 t:/ b 6 27.a3 t:/c6 2S. t:/b1 §b7

29.§ x f7

( 49) Rosenkrantz - Rubinstein St. Petersburg ( 4) 1 906 French Burn [C 1 1 ]

Criti c i zed by the tournament book, which recommends 29 . .lte2 .

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.�c3 �f6 4.Ag5 dxe4 5.� x e4 Ae7 6.� x f6+ A x f6 7. Axf6 t:/xf6 S.c3 �d7 9.�f3 0-0 10.Ad3 c5 1 1 . t:/c2 cxd4 12.cxd4 g6 1 3 . 0 - 0 � b6 1 4 . Ae4 § d S 1 5 . t:/c 7 � d 5 1 6 . A x d 5 § x d 5 17. �e5 b 6 1S.t:/c6 §bS 19.t:/c7 §aS 20.t:/c6 §bS, Draw

2 9... § x f7 30.Axg6 0-0 3 1 . A x f7+ § x f7 3 2 . t:/g6 + § g7 3 3 . t:/ x h 5 t:/d7 34.Ah6 E!g3 35.Ciflh2 �g7! 36.Axg7 § xg7 37.t:/h6 a5 38.g4 Ae7 39. t:/b6 �h7 40.§f5 Ads 4 t . § h 5 + CiflgS 4 2 . t:/ h 6 § h 7 43.t:/g6+ §g7, Draw

45

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (5 1 ) Romanovsky - Rubinstein St. Petersburg (6) 1 906 Ruy Lopez [C84] l . e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c6 3 . A b 5 a6 4.Jl,a4 4)f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.d4 exd4 7.e5 4) e4 8.4) xd4 4)c5 9.4)f5 0-0 1 0 .'t'1fg4 g6 1 l . A x c 6 d x c 6 1 2 . 4) x e7+ fJ x e7 1 3 . fJg3 E!eS 14.f4 Af5 15.fJf2 §adS 16.4)c3 4)e6 17.Ae3 c5 18.fJf3 c6 19.E!f2 4)d4 20.Jl, x d4 cxd4 21.4)e4 Jl, x e4 22.fJxe4 f6 23.§e1 §d5 24.E!fe2 fxe5 25.fxe5 fJe6 26.h3 c5 27.b3 b5 2 8 . fJ d 3 E! d 7 2 9 .c4 b x c4 30.bxc4 E!f7 31.fJb3 §f5 32.fJd3

Peter Romanovsky

1 0 . 4) x c 6 § x b3 1 1 . 4) x d8 § bS 1 2.4)c6 E!beS 13.4)c3 4)d7 14.b4 Af6 1 5 . a 4 e 5 1 6 . 4) x d 5 Ae4 17. 4) x f6+ gxf6 18.4) xa7 c6 19.f3 § a S 2 0 .f x e4 § x a7 2 1 .b5 E! d S 22.0-0, 1-0

(53) Alapin - Rubinstein St. Petersburg (8) 1 906 French Stein itz [C I I ] 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.e5 4) fd7 5. 4)ce2 c5 6.c3 4)c6 7.f4 Ae7

§ ef8 3 3 . a 3 � g7 3 4 . § e 4 E!bS 35.E!4e2 a5 36.fJc2 §dS 37.fJb3 37 ... a41 38. fJ x a4 d3 39.fJa5 §d4 4 0 . E! b 2 § x c4 4 1 . § b 7 + § f7 42. E! x f7+ fJ x f7 43.e6 fJe7 44.§e3 E!c1 + 45. �f2 fJf6+ 46.E!f3 fJd4+ 47.�g3 d2 4S. fJc7+ �h6 49.e7 E! e 1 5 0 . § f4 d 1 fJ 5 1 . § x d4 fJ x d4 52.fJd8 fJe5+, 0- 1

Recent theory prefers the immediate 7 . . .f6. 8.4)f3 f6 9.g3 cxd4 10.cxd4 4)f8

This opening idea is not shown in ECO.

=

ll.Jl,g2 fxe5 1 2.fxe5 4)g6 13.0-0 0-0 14.4)f4 4) x f4 1 5. Jl, x f4 fJb6 16.§f2 Ad7 17.E!c1 §ac8 18.Ae3 fJa6 19.-'l.fl fJb6 20 . .1l,d3 4) b4 2 1 . § x c8 § x e S 2 2 . .1l, b 1 E! fS 23 . .1l.g5 til/d8 24.h4 .1l,e8 25. til/b3 h6 26 . .1l,d2 .1l,h5 27 . .1l, x b4 .1l, x b4 28.til/ x b4 .1l, x f3 29.til/a3

(52) Rubinstein - Blumenfeld St. Petersburg (7) 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Declined [006] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4) f6 3.e3 Af5 4.c4 e6 5 .til/b3 4)c6 6.c5 E!bS 7 . .1l.b5 .1l,e7 8 . .£\ e 5 0 - 0 9 . .1l, x c6 b x c 6

46

St. Petersburg 1 906 Not 29.�xb7? �a5 30.b4 (or 30.l"l xf3 �e l +!) 30 . . . �a3 and Black wins.

Rubinstein needs all his defensive skills to hang on in the following encounter.

29 . . . �c8 3 0 . § f l �c4 3 1 . � d3 � xd3 32 . .Q. x d3 g5 33.hxg5 hxg5 34. §cl Etf7 35.§c8+ �g7 36.§c1 .Q.h5 37.§c2 .Q.g6 38 . .Q. xg6 � xg6 39 . §f 2 § x f2 40 . � x f2 �f5 41.�f3 g4+ 42.�e3 a5 43.a4 b6, Draw

(55) Rubinstein - Sa/we St. Petersburg ( I 0) 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Declined [060] 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 �f6 4 . .Q.g5 .Q.e7 5.e3 �bd7 6.�f3 0-0 7 . .Q.d3 dxc4 8 . .Q. x c4 c5 9.0-0 a6 10.a4 b6 1 1 . �e 2 .Q.b7 1 2 . § fd 1 �c7 1 3 . .Q.d3

(54) Rubinstein - Levitsky St. Petersburg (9) 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [040]

According to Griinfeld, White should play 1 3 .d5 with the advantage.

1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 c5 3.e3 �c6 4.c4 e6 5 . � c3 � f6 6.a3 � e4 7. �c2 � x c3 8 . b x c 3 .Q.e7 9 . .Q.d3 d x c4 10 . .Q. x c4 0-0 1 1 .0-0 �c7 1 2 . .Q.d3 h6 13.e4 .Q.d7

13 . . . .Q.d6 14. §ac1 §fc8 1 5 .dxc5 b x c 5 1 6 .e4 .Q.f4 17 . .Q. x f4 � x f4 18. �d2 �b8 19. �e3 Ac6 20.§d2 § a 7 2 l . h 3 §eS 2 2 . � h 2 �b4 2 3 . � g4 � g4 24 . h x g4 .Q. x a4 2 5 . § a 1 .Q. c 6 2 6 . § x a6 § x a6 27 . .Q. x a6 � e 5 28.Ae2 f6 29 .f3 � f7 3 0 . � a 2 �a5 3 l . � c 1 .Q.a4 32.�d3 §dS

ECO gives 1 3 . . . 4Ja5 14.e5 as a little better for White, Vaiser-Gusev, USSR 1 972. Rubinstein and Stepan Levitsky (historical Elo 2450) have done a good job of anticipating modern theory. 14.§b1 a6 1 5 .d5 e x d 5 1 6 . e x d 5 � d8 1 7 .c4 .Q.d6 1 8 . h 3 § eS 1 9 . .Q. d 2 b5 2 0 . § fe 1 § x e 1 + 21.§xe1 b4 22.�c1 .Q.fS 23.�e5 a 5 24 . .Q. b 1 § a 6 2 5 . h 4 §f6 26.� x d7 � xd7 27.�c2 g6 28.h5 �b7 29.�c1 �h7 30.§e3 �d6 3 1 . § h 3 � f 5 3 2 . h x g6 + f x g6 3 3 . � d 1 § f7 3 4 . �g4 � d 6 35.a x b4 a x b4 36.�e4 �f6 37.§f3 Ete7 38.�d3 �g7 39 . .Q.e3 §a7 40 . .Q.c 1 � e 5 4 1 . �f1 h 5 4 2 . g 3 Eta 1 4 3 . � c 2 .Q.g7 4 4 . � g 2 § a 6 45 . .Q.e3 .Q.fS 46. �d3 § a 3 47. �d2 � x e 3 4 8 . § x e3 § x e3 4 9 . � x e3 � xe3 50.fxe3 .Q.d6 51 .Ac2
33.b4 cxb4 34.§b2 Ab5 35.�c5 � a 1 + 3 6 . � c 1 � x c 1 + 37 . � x c 1 .Q. x e 2 38.� xe2 §bS 39.�d4 �d8 40.
Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King .£l a3+ 53.'it'c3 E!.c8+ 54.'it'd3 E!,b8 5 5 . 'it'c 3 4) b 5 + 5 6 . 'it' d 3 4) d 6 57.4)d2 'it'f7 58.E!.hl 'it'g7 59.E!.cl E!.b7 60. E!. c 5 h5 6 1 . g x h 5 g4 62.E!.d5 4)f7 63.E!.c5 'it'h6 64.E!,c6 E!.d7+ 65.'it'e3 4)d6 66.g3 'it' x h 5 6 7 . 4) b3 'it' h 6 6 8 . 4) c 5 4) c 4 + 6 9 . 'it' e 2 E!. d 2 + 7 0 . 'it' e l E!. d 6 7 1 . E!, c8 'it' h 7 7 2 . E!. c 7 + 'it' h 8 7 3 . E!. c 8 + 'it' h 7 7 4 . E!. c 7 + 'it' h 8 75.E!.f7 'it'g8 76.E!.e7 E!.d4 77.4)d7 E!.d6 78. 4) c 5 E!.d4 79 . 4) d7 E!.d6 8 0 . 4) c 5 E!. d 4 8 1 . E!, d 7 E!, x d 7 8 2 . 4) x d 7 4) d 6 8 3 . .£l c 5 4) e 8 8 4 . 'it' e 2 'it'g 7 8 5 . .£l d 3 'it' h 6 8 6 . 4) f2 'it'g 5 8 7 . 4) d l 4) d 6 8 8 . 'it' d 3 4) e 8 8 9 . .£l e3 4) g7 90.'it'e2, Draw

9 . . .g6 tO . .£lfl Af6 n . Ah6 Ag7 12.t:\'d2 f5 13 . .1lg5 4)f6 14.exf5?1 g xf5 1 5 .h3 4)e7 1 6 . 4) 3h 2 4) g6 17.f4 h6 1 8 . f x e 5 h x g5 1 9 . e x f6 t:\' x f6 20.4)g3 4) f4 2 1 .4)e2 4) h5 22.4)d4 c6 23 . .1ldl

Lasker (Lasker s Chess Magazine, October 1 907, p. 245), points out that now 23 . . . �xd4+ was very tempting but that Rubinstein showed good judgment in avo iding it, g i v i ng the variation 2 4 . cxd4 ilxd4+ 2 5 . l"l e3 f4 26.�c2 ilxe3+ 27.'
(56) Izbinsky - Rubinstein St. Petersburg ( 1 1 ) 1 906 Ruy Lopez [C84] l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . .1lb5 a 6 4.Aa4 4) f6 5 . 0 - 0 A e 7 6.d3 d 6 7 .c3 0-0 8 . 4) bd2 4)e81?

. . .

2 3 . . . 4) f4 24. 4) e 2 4) e6 25 . .£l g3 Ah6 26.t:\'f2 Ad7 27.Af3 E!.ae8 2 8 . E!. f l E!, e 7 2 9 . E!. ad l ? E!. h 7 3 0. .1le4 4)f4 31 . .1lf3 Ag7 32.'it'hl? t:\'h6 3 3 . t:\' g l ? d5 3 4 . d 4 g4 35.hxg4 fxg4 36 . .1le2 t:\'h4, 0-1

A forgotten idea ofRubinstein 's, which aims for . . . f7-f5 . ECO only deals with 8 . . . ild7, 8 . . . b5 and 8 . . . 4Jd7.

The next game has a bit of a story be­ hind it. Playing through the encounter to the end, one is more than a little sur­ prised that it ended in a draw. While it is true that Rubinstein was better for much of the game and could even have

Perhaps White should play 9.d4 . 48

St. Petersburg 1 906 won at one point, there can be no doubt that he was quite lost at its conclusion. So is the official score table wrong? N o ! The tournament book for th i s event, b y Eugene Znosko-Borovsky, which by the way is one of the rarest and most expensive records of a major event of the 20th century - noted chess book dealer Dale Brandreth puts its price at around $650 in 1 994 - explains that Rubinstein protested the initial fi­ nal result of the game (0- 1 ) on the grounds that he had been unduly dis­ tracted by the spectators.

of a time scramble (time control: 3 0 moves in two hours followed b y one hour for each additional 1 5 moves). After making the time control Akiva then proceeded to fall apart, making a series of weak moves. When he was forced to resign on move 56 he imme­ diately followed up on his earlier pro­ test to the tournament committee. The following day the committee met with the two players and came to the decision that the game should be re­ played from the adjourned position and that Blumenfeld must give his word never to be disruptive again. Maliutin, who seems to have been a very good sportsman, accepted the decision grace­ fully even though it meant almost a cer­ tain loss as B lumenfeld ( ! ) and h i s friends had already shown the winning p l an ( 45 . .1lh7 ! ) to Rubinste i n . Not wanting to w i n i n such a fashion, Rubinstein offered a draw, which was accepted.

It seems that when the adj ournment for this game was played off, Rubinstein's rival fo r s e c o n d p l a c e , B e n i am i n Blumenfeld, had finished h i s schedule and was a point and a half ahead of Akiva. However, Blumenfeld's position was shaky, as Rubinstein was clearly better in his adjourned game and was scheduled to meet one of the tailenders, Talvik, in the last round. It seemed likely that Rubinstein would win both games and fi n ish clear second, and there was nothing Blumenfeld could do about it.

(57) Rubinstein - Maliutin St. Petersburg ( 1 2) 1 906 Queen's Gambit Declined [D46] l .d4 d5 2 . .£)f3 .£) f6 3 .e3 e6 4.c4 .£)bd7 5 . .£)c3 c6 6.Ad3 .Q.d6 7.0-0 0-0 8.e4 dxc4 9 . .Q. x c4 e5 10 . .Q.g5 'l#/e7 l l . .Q.b3 §dB 1 2 . § e l .£) f8 1 3 .d x e 5 .Q. x e 5 1 4 . � c 2 .£) g6 1 5 . .£) e 2 h 6 1 6 . .£) x e 5 .£) x e S 17 . .Q. x f6 � x f6 18.f4 .£)g6 19.g3 .Q.g4 20.e5 �f5 2 l . � x f5 .Q. x f5 2 2 . § e d l .Q.g4 2 3 . � f 2 .£) e7 2 4 . .Q. c 2 .£) d 5 2 5 . .Q.e4 .Q. x e 2 26. � x e2 .£)c7 27.�e3 �f8 28.h4 �e7 29.f5 .£)a6 30.g4 .£)c7 31.�f4 § ac8 3 2 .a3 .£) d 5 + 3 3 . �f3 §c7 3 4 . § d 2 §cd7 3 5 . § a d t .£) b6 36.}3 x d7+ § x d7 37.§ x d7+ .£) xd7

There were no other adj ournments played off that night, but there were quite a few spectators who came to watch thi s most important game for the tournament standings. The crowd was very noisy and Blumenfeld was among the most disruptive. Both Rubinstein and Maliutin appealed to the tourna­ ment director but to no avail as the noise continued unabated. At this point they both declared that they were continu­ ing the game under protest. Rubinstein missed a clear win on move 45, which we believe was the last move 49

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 3 8 . �f4 a5 3 9 . dlc 2 .£l c 5 4 0 .g 5 h x g5 + 4 l . � x g5 b5 4 2 . h 5 b4 43.f6+ gxf6 44.exf6+ �f8

�f8 34. Etx g 2 �e7 3 5 . Eth 2 h6 36. Etg2 .£lc7 37.d}.d2 .£) a8 38.�e3 .£lh8 39.dlb4 .£)g6

45.dlf5?

4 0 . Etx g6 1 Etx g6 4 1 . e 5 Et6g8 4 2 . d}. x d6 + �f7 43 . .£) f4 .£) b6 4 4 . d}. c 7 1 dl a 8 4 5 . dl x b6 Etx b6 4 6 . Etx d7 + �e8 4 7 . Eta7 dld5 4 8 . .£) x d 5 e x d 5 4 9 . f4 Etg3 + 5 0 . � d 2 h 5 5 1 .f5 h 4 5 2 .f6 h 3 5 3 . Eth7 Etg2 + 5 4 . � e 3 Etg3 + 55.�d2 Etg2+ 56.�e2 Etx b5 57.e6 � d 8 5 8 . f7 �e7 5 9 . Eth8 Etf2 6 0 . � e 3 Etx f7 6 l . e x f7 Etb3 + 6 2 . �d 3 � x f7 6 3 . Etx h 3 �e6 64. Eth6+, 1-0

According to Blumenfeld, White wins with 4 5 .1lh7 ! , fo llowed by h6 and .llg 6! . .

45 ... �g8 46.�f4 b3 47.�g5? .£)a4 48.h6 .£)b61 49.�d3 c5 50.dlb5 c4 5 1.d}.c6 c31 52.bxc3 b2 53.�e4 a4 5 4 . �f4 .£l d 5 + 5 5 . �e 5 .£l x c 3 56.d}.b1 .£) x b1, 0 - 1 [ . . . but scored a draw after an appeal .]

(58) Rubinstein - Dus-Chotimirsky St. Petersburg ( 1 3 ) 1 906 Dutch Stonewall [ A85]

(59) Talvik - Rubinstein St. Petersburg ( 1 4) 1 906 Giuoco Piano [C53]

1 .c4 f5 2.d4 .£lf6 3 . .£lc3 e6 4.e3 b6 5 . dld 3 �b7 6.f3 �b4 7 . .£) ge 2 0 - 0 8.0-0 .£lc6 9.dld2 'li\'e8 10.a3 d}.d6 11 . .£)b5 'li\'h5 12 . .£) xd6 cxd6 13 . .£lc3?1 .£)e8 14 . .£)e2 Etc8 15.b4 a6 16.a4 .£)e7 17.a5 bxa5 18. Etxa5 g 5 1 9 . '/i\' e 1 Etf6 2 0 . '/i\'g3 �h8 2 1 .e4 .£)c6 2 2 . Eta 3 f4 2 3 . 'li\'g4 'li\'h6 24.h41 'li\' x h4 25.'/i\' x h4 gxh4 26.b5 axb5 27.cxb5 .£)d8 28.d}.xf4 .£l f7 29 . Eta7 Etb8 3 0 . dle3 �g8 3 1 . Etc1 h3 32.�f2 hxg2 33.Etg1

1 .e4 e5 2 . .£) f3 .£)c6 3.�c4 dlc5 4.c3 'li\'e7 5.d4 dlb6 6.0-0 d6 7.b4 .£)f6 8.a4 a6 9.a5 dla7 10.b5 a xb5 l l .d}. x b5 0-0 1 2.a6 exd4 13.cxd4 'li\' x e4 14 . .£lc3 'li\'g6 1 5.dle3 .£lb4 1 6 . .£) e 2 b x a6 1 7 . d}. a 4 dlb7 1 8 . .£) h4 'li\'h5 1 9 .g3 g5 20. 'li\'d2 gx h4 2 1 . '/i\' x b4 'li\'f3, 0-1

R u b i n s t e i n had fo rfe i t w i n s o v e r Chigorin and Tabunshchikov.

50

Lodz 1906 The first of several maj or tournaments the Lodz Chess Society organized was held in the spring of 1 906. This event heralded a changing of the guard, as Rubinstein finished ahead of Chigorin (who was to die less than two years later) and garnered his first big victory. The best five-year averages of the par­ ticipants according to Elo's The Rat­ ing ofChessplayers : Rubinstein (2640), Chigorin (2600), Flamberg (2480), and Salwe (2500). The only source we found that provides some information about the time when this tournament was played was M /. Chigorin, His Life and Work, by N. I . Grekov (Moscow 1 939). There Grekov mentions that the event was played im­ mediately after the C higorin-Salwe match (March-April 1 906). It is pos­ sible that the finish of this triple-round match tournament was held in the be­ ginning of May. (60) Rubinstein - Flamberg Lodz ( 1 ) 1 906 Queen's Pawn [DOS] Notes by Konstantinopolsky. l.d4 d5 2.�f3 �f6 3.e3 e6 4.Jld3 c5 5.b3 �c6 6.0-0 c x d4 7 . e x d4 Ae7 8 . .Q. b 2 0 - 0 9 . � b d 2 � b 6 lO. §el Jl,d7 1 1 .c4 dxc4 12.� xc4 �c7 13.§cl �f4?

B lack should play 1 3 . Ei ac8, with equal chances. . .

14. �ce5 §fd8 1 5.g3

After 1 5 . Ei c4! �h6 1 6 .ilc l �h5 1 7 . h3 .

White has the advantage. 1 5 ... �h6 16.� xd7 § xd7 17 . .Q.b5 §c7 18.Jl,xc6 bxc6 19.�e5 §ac8?!

Better is 19 . . . c5, but White still retains a slight edge. 2 0 . Ac 3 1 .i}.d6 2 1 . .il a 5 .Q. x e 5 22.dxe5 §d7 23.�e2 �d5 24. �a6 �e7 2 5 . .Q.b4?

Instead, 25.Eicdl ! E! xdl 26.Ei xdl gives White a clear advantage. 2 5 . . . c 5 2 6. § x c 5 § x c 5 27 . .i}. x c 5 �d2 28.�e2 �c3 2 9 . .i}. x e7 § x e7 30.§dl g6 3l .�d2 �c6 32.�d8+ § e8 3 3 . � d 7 �aS 3 4 .b4 � g7 3 5 . § c l § d 8 3 6 . �c 6 § d l + 3 7 . � g 2 � d 8 38 . § x d l � x d l 39.�c4 �el 40.�d4 �e2 41 .a4 a6 42.h3 h5 43.h4 �h7 44.�h2 �g7 45.�g2 �h7 46.�c5 �g7 47.�h2 �a2 48.a5 �e2 49.�a7 �c4 50.�b7 �fl l 5 1 . �b6 �e2 5 2 . � c 5 �h7 5 3 . �d4 � g7 5 4 . � g 2 � h 7 5 5 . �f4 � g7 5 6 . � f 6 + �g8 5 7 . � f3 � b 5 5 8 . � e 4 �g7 5 9 . � g l � h 7 6 0 . � d4 �g7 6 1 . � b6 � x e 5 62. �b7 �el + 63.\t'g2 e5 64.b5 e4

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 65.bxa6 e3 66.�b2+ �h7 67.fxe3 �xa5 68.�b7 �a2+ 69.�f3 �c4 70.e4 �d3+ 71.�f4 �d6+ 72.e5 �d4+ 7 3 . �e4 � f 2 + 74. �f3 �d4+ 75.�e4 �f2+, Draw

(6 1 ) Rubinstein - Chigorin Lodz (2) 1 906 Queen's Pawn [DOS] Notes by Konstantinopo1sky (K) and Authors (A).

20.c31 Ad6

(A) The Russian publication Chess in the USSR , which published all the games of this tournament in Number 6 (April-June 1 990), mistakenly gave this game as Chigorin-Rubinstein.

(K) If 20 . . . �xc3? 2 1 .�c2! and White wins.

(A) A waste of time. Better is 6 . . . �d6, followed by . . . 0-0 and .. :"ffe 7.

2 1 . �c2 g6 2 2 . �d2 g5 2 3 . � h 3 � xe5 24.dxe5 Ae7 25.hx g 5 hxg5 2 6 . � e 2 � g6 2 7 . � g4 �g7 28 . .§ad1 b5 29.axb5 a x b5 30.c41 b x c4 3 1 .b x c4 Ac6 3 2.Ac1 .§h8 3 3 . � g 5 � e 8 3 4 . A x g6 f x g6 3 5 . � x e6 + �g8 3 6 .c x d 5 Ab7 37.Jl. xg5 A xg5 38. � xg5

7.Ab2 cxd4 8.exd4 Ad6 9.�bd2 0-0 10 . .§e1 Ad7 l l.�e5

(A) But not 38.�xg5 �xe6! 39.dxe6 El. h l + mate !

(K) More exact is l l .a3!.

38 ... .§c5 39.�e4, 1-0

1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.e3 �f6 4.Jl.d3 c5 5.b3 �c6 6.0-0 a6?

11 . . . .§c8

(62) Sa/we - Rubinstein Lodz (3) 1 906 Giuoco Piano [C50]

(K) Black should play l l . . . �b4 1 2 .�e2 El. c8 1 3 . c 3 �c6 1 4 . � d 3 and n o w 1 4 . . . b5 or 1 4 . . . �c7 with equality. (A) After 1 5 .f4 or 1 5 .�df3 White has a small advantage.

1 .e4 e5 2 . � f3 �c6 3 . Ac4 Jl.c5 4.d3 � f6 5.�c3 d6 6.Ae3 Ab6 7.0-0 Jl.g4 8.�d5 � xd5 9.Jl. xd5 �d7 1 0 . J}. x c6 b x c6 l l .h3 Jl.h 5 1 2 .c3 �e6 13.�h2 .§b8 14.�c2 f5 1 5 .e x f5 � x f5 1 6 . � g 1 Jl.g6 17 . .§ad1 0-0 18.�cl c5 19.c4 c6 20.f3 d5 2 1 . J}.f2 � f4 2 2 . � x f4 e x f4 2 3 . � e 2 d4 2 4 . � c 1 .§ fe8 25.�g1 a5 26.a4 Jl.c7 27.b3 �f7 28 . .§fe1 Jl.e5 29 . .§e2 .1lf5 30.J}.e1

1 2 .a3 � e7 1 3 . � df3 � g6 14.g3 Jl.e8 15.�g51 Jl.e7

(K) If 1 5 . . . h6? 1 6.�xe6. 1 6 . h4 1 � h 8 1 7 . a4 h6 1 8 . � h3 �d7 19.�f4 Ab4

52

Lodz 1 906 gas 3 1 . Ad 2 g 5 3 2 . E{ d e 1
19 ... a4 20.Aa2 -'l.a6 2 1.-'l.e3 b4+ 22.
After one cycle the scores were : 1 . Rubinstein 2 ; 2-3 . Flamberg and Salwe I Yz; 4. Chigorin I .

(64) Chigorin - Rubinstein Lodz (5) 1 906 French Bum [C l l ]

( 63) Flamberg - Rubinstein Lodz (4) 1 906 Ruy Lopez [C87]

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 4)c3 4) f6 4.Ag5 d x e4 5 . 4) x e4 Ae7 6.A x f6 g x f6 7.4)f3 f5 8.4)g3 c5 9.Ab5+1 4)c6 10.c3 0-0

Notes by Konstantinopolsky. l .e4 e 5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . Ab 5 a 6 4.Aa4 4) f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.E{e1 d6 7.d4 b5 8 .d x e 5 4) x e 5 1 9 . 4) x e 5 d x e 5 1 0 . � x d8+ j}. x d8 l l . Ab3 Ab7 12.4)c3 Ae7 13.4)d5 4) xd5 14.exd5 0-0?1

R u b i n s t e i n tri e s to improve upon Salwe 's play. The other star from Lodz was unsuccessful with 10 . . . �b6 and 10 . . . cxd4 in his match with Chigorin, just before this event. 1 1 . -'l. x c6 b x c6 1 2 . 0 - 0 c x d4? 1 3 . 4) x d4 ! �c7 14. �h5
This pawn sacrifice is not necessary. Instead, 1 4 . . . f6! 1 5 . f4 0-0-0 1 6.fxe5 Axd5 leads to a slight advantage for Black. 15. Et xe5 Af6 16.Etf5

If 16 . .§ e l .§ adS 17 . .§dl c6 and Black stands better. 16 ... E{fe8 17.
After 1 8 . .1lg5 -'tx g5 1 9 . .§ x g5 .§ d6 2 0 . .§ dl .§ ed8 2 1 ..§el ®f8 the game is eq ual . 18 ... a5 19.a3?

The right continuation e quality.

is

1 9 . a4! with

53

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King .§a5 35 . .§gg7 .§ xa2+ 36.r:t/f3 .§c2 37 . .§c7+ r:t/d8 38 . .§ x b7 .§ x c 3 + 39.r:t/ f4 r:t/c8 40.d6, 1 -0

Walter Kom, in his The Brilliant Touch, as well as Gerald Abrahams in The Chess Mind, point out that almost the same position was reached with colors reversed 40 years later at Groningen. There the future world champ i o n Vas s i l y Smyslov ( a s B lack against Lundin, diagram below) missed the win with . El f2! and took a draw by per­ petual ( . . . 4:Jf2 + and 4:Jh3+ ). .

(66) Rubinstein - Flamberg Lodz (7) 1 906 Queen's Gambit Exchange [063] 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 �f6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5.�f3 � bd7 6.e3 0-0 7 . .§c1 b 6 8 .c x d 5 e x d 5 9 . � e 5 Ab7 10.Ad3 c5 l l .f4 .§e8 1 2.0-0 c4 1 3 . A b 1 a 6 1 4 . .§f3 b5 15 . .§h3 �f8? 16.-'\. xf6 A x f6

.

. . .

Chigorin-Rubinstein continued (from the previous diagram): 27 . .§f71, 1-0 1 7. -'\. x h7+1 � x h7 18.�h5 �c7 1 9 . � x h7 + r:t/f8 20 .e4 d x e4 2 l . � x e4 -'\. x e 5 2 2 . f x e 5 � c 6 2 3 . .§ e 1 � d 5 2 4 . � h 8 + r:t/ e 7 2 5 . � h 4 + r:t/d7 2 6 . � f2 r:t/ c 7 2 7. .§f3 .§e7 28.�c3 �e6 2 9 . .§f4

(65) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz ( 6) 1 906 King's Gambit [C30] 1 .e4 e5 2.f4 Ac5 3 . � f3 d6 4.c3 �c6 5.Ab5 Ad7 6.d4 Ab6 7.o-o � f6 8.fxe5 d x e 5 9 . -'\. xc6 -'\. x c6 1 0 . � x e 5 -'\. x e4 1 1 . -'\. g 5 � d 6 1 2 . -'\. x f6 g x f6 1 3 . � c4 � e 6 1 4 . � bd 2 f 5 1 5 . � x e4 1 f x e4 1 6 . � a 4 + 1 r:t/e7 1 7 . � a 3 + r:t/e8 18. � b 3 r:t/e7 19 . .§ f4 .§ hg8 20. �b4+ r:t/e8 21. �b5+ c6 22. �e5 � x e 5 2 3 . � x e 5 Ac7 24 . .§ x e4 A x e 5 2 5 . .§ x e 5 + r:t/d7 2 6 . .§ a e 1 .§af8 27 . .§e7+ r:t/ c 8 28 . .§ 1e3 h 6 2 9 . r:t/f2 .§.g6 30 . .§ f 3 f6 3 1 . .§g3 E!.g5 3 2 .h4 .§b5 33.b3 c5 34.d5

Kon stantinopol sky suggests 2 9 . d 5 la.xd5 30:i•k5+ with the advantage, but after 30 . . �c6 White doesn 't seem to have any forced continuation that gives him the better game. .

29 . . . .§d8 30 . .§fl .§dd7 3 l . �g3 1 �b6 32.�e2 �c6 33 . .§. x f71 r:t;b6 34 . .§ x e7 .§ x e 7 3 5 . � f4 �e4 3 6 . � g 6 + � x g6 3 7 .lZ) x g6 .§d7 38 . .§d1 b4 39 .e6 .§.d6 40.e7 Ac6 41.�e5, 1-0 54

Lodz 1 906 .£lce7 1 9:�g5 and 1 7 . . . .£ld8 1 8.Axb5 .£l x f4 1 9 . .>lc5 � e8 2 0 . '�a4 are i n White 's favor.

The battle for first place in the tourna­ ment was decided in the penultimate round by the following game between the two tournament leaders.

18. �a3 exd5 19.exd5 �ce7?

(67) Rubinstein - Chigorin Lodz (8) 1 906 Chigorin [D07]

( C ) H ere B l ac k m i s se d 1 9 . . . b 4 ! 2 0 . � x a4 .£l c e 7 , a n d i f 2 1 . c4 there would follow 2 1 . . . .£lxf4 22.�c2 .£leg6. Bringing the queen in on the queenside, Black would have a strong, perhaps decisive attack.

Notes by Konstan t i n o p o l sky ( K ) , Chigorin ( C ) and Authors (A). l.d4 d5 2.�f3 j}.g4 3.e3 e6 4.c4 �c6 5 . � c3 Ab4 6. 'ltb 3 � ge7 7.Ad2 0-0 8.cx d 5 � xd5 9.Ad3 Axf3 10.gxf3 §bS l l .0-0-0 A xc3 12.bxc3

20.�c51 � xf4 21.j}. x b5 �f5

(K) If 2 1 . . . .£lexd5 22. iii'd4 ! .

(A) A forgotten attempt to improve on the existing theory of the day. ECO's example, Pillsbury-Chigorin, London 1 8 99, continues 1 2 . .>lxc3, but after 12 . . . b5 1 3 . .>ld2 �b6 14.�dgl a5 1 5 .f4 f5! Black stands slightly better.

23:�d4 f6 24.Aa6 is a Fritz sugges­ tion to preserve the two bishops. 23 . . . � x f4 24.Axf4 § xb5 25.lifilc2

Akiva looks to his better placed king and the target on a4 as reasons for op­ timism in this ending.

12 ... b5 13.e4 �de7 14.§hgl a5?1

(C) Black should play 1 4 . . . b4! 1 5 .Ag5 �d7! 1 6 . '�a4 � b6 1 7 . A b 5 � fb8 18.Axc6 � xc6 with advantage. {K) Also i nteresting is 14 . . . .£l a 5 ! ? 1 5:�a3 (if 1 5 .�c2? b4! 1 6 .cxb4 .£lac6) 1 5 . . . .£lc4 1 6.Axc4 bxc4, etc.

25 . . . a3 '

(A) This is a tough choice for Chigorin. Should he allow the upcoming double­ rook ending or let Akiva get a bishop v s . kni ght endgame v i a 2 5 . . . � fb8 26. � b l ? The weakness of Black's a­ pawn in the latter endgame was un­ doubtedly a factor in Chigorin's decision.

15. j}.e3 �g6 16.f4 �h4 17.d5! a4 {K) The alternatives 1 7 . . . exd5 1 8.�xd5

Lodz 1 906 April

2 I . Rubinstein

X

2 . Chigorin

0

3 . Flamberg

Y2

4. Salwe

Yz

X

2

2

0

X

3

3

3

Y2

0

X

X

X

0

0

0

I

0

Y2

X

0

Y2

0

0

0

55

4

4

Y2

4

Total

Yz

6 Yz

Y2

5 Y2

X

X

0

I

Y2

3 Yz

0

Y2

X

X

X

2 Y2

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 35.fxg5+ xg5

25 . . . .§ e8 26 . .§ ge l '3ff8 might have been the best choice.

35 . . . 'it'g6 36.h4. 26 .Q.cl §aS 27.§g41 •

(A) This rook l i ft prepares Rb4 . I f White can exchange a pair o f rooks it will be to his advantage, as the pawn on a3 will almost certainly fall.

"A subtle move. Not finding a forced win yet, Rubinstein makes a prophy­ lactic move. If Black wants to continue his plan, he will have to play .§h2 with­ out check, thus allowing the immedi­ ate capture of the d6-pawn" (Marin).

27 . . . f5 28.§b4 E!ba5

28 . . . .§ xb4 29.cxb4 .§ e8 30.'3tb3 and a3 falls.

36 . . . h5 37.h4+1 r:tig4

2 9 . Af4 r:tif7? 3 0 . j}_ x d 6 c x d 6 3l.§b7+ r:tif6 32.§d7 §Sa6 33.c4 §b6

(A) If 37 . . . 'it'xh4 38 . .§ g7 with inevi­ table mate. 38.§g7+ ctlf4

(C) Better defensive chances were of­ fered by 33 . . .f4, for example 34 . .§ e l .§ b6 3 5 . .§ e 6 + 'it' f 5 3 6 . .§ f7 + 'it'g4 37 . .§ xg7+ 'it'f3, etc. ( A ) One o f the n i c e t h i n g s about M i kh a i l Mari n ' s c h apter on Rubinstein's rook endgames in Learn from the Legends - Chess Champions at their Best is that he not only selects well-known examples, but also some less examined gems. He subjects the position after Black's 33rd move to no less than four pages of analysis!

39.§g61

34.f41 g5

(A) Winning immediately. The threat is 40 . .§ fl + and 4 l . .§ e7+ mate.

(K) Or 34 . . . .§b2+ 35.'3tc3 .§ xa2 36 . .§ e l '3fg6 3 7 . .§ g l + 'it'h6 3 8 . .§ gxg7 .§ e 2 3 9 . .§ g 5 .§ a6 4 0 . .§ f7 and White wins. (A) Marin improves on this line with 38 . . . .§ f2 ! 39 . .§ xh7+ 'it'g6 40 . .§ hg7+ 'it'h6 41 . .§ a7 .§ xa7 42 . .§ xa7 a2 43.'3tb3 .§ x f4 44 . .§ x a 2 .§ g4 4 5 . .§ a6 .§ g6 46. 'it'c3! and White should win.

39 r:tlf3 40.§fl + ctle2 41 . § x f5 , 1-0 •..

A point up going into the last round, most players would opt for safety, but Rubinstein engages in a knock-down, drag-out battle against his club mate.

56

Lodz 1 906 14 ..Q.e2 f4 1 5 ..Q.cl 0-0 16.�hll

(68) Sa/we - Rubinstein Lodz (9) 1 906 Giuoco Piano [C50] t . e4 eS 2 . 4:) f3 .£,c6 3 . .Q.c4 AcS 4 . .£lc3 .£l f6 s.d3 d6 6 . .Q.e3 Ab6 7.0-0 .Q.g4 8.4:)dS .£, xdS 9 . .Q. xdS �d7

A year later, in their t h i rd match, Rub instein preferred 9 . . . 0-0 when 10.h3 ( 1 0.c3 'it'h8 l l .h3 ..ll d7 1 2 .d4 exd4 1 3.4Jxd4 [ 1 3 .cxd4 f5!] 1 3 . . . 4Jxd4 14 . .ll x d4 c6 1 5 . ..1lb3 �e7 16.!:lel .llc7 offered chances for both sides in Sal we­ Flam berg, Lodz 1 906) 1 0 . . . .llh 5 l l .g4 ..llg6 1 2 .'i!i>g2 'i!i>h8 1 3 .i£fe2 �e7 14.a4 4Jd8 1 5.a5 ..ll x e3 16.fxe3 c6 was clearly in Black's favor, according to Unzicker in ECO.

Taking appropriate defensive measures. On 1 6.4Jxe5 4Jxe5 1 7.dxe5 Black has a pleasant choice between the sharp 1 7 . . . f3 ! ? and the more restra i n e d 1 7 . . . ..1lxe2 1 8 .�xe2 dxe5 - in both cases with excellent play. 16 . . . § be8 17.dS �e7 18.a41 a S 19.b4 Ac8 20 . .Q.d2 �h8 2 1 .bxaS Aa71 22.Jl,el E!g8 2 3 . E! b l 4:) f8 24.4:)d2 �gS

10.c3

Varying from the third round, where Salwe t r i e d 1 0 . ..1l x c 6 b x c 6 l l . h 3 against Rubinstein.

Stopping White's •..llg 4. An alternative is 24 . . . g5 2 5 . .llg4 .lla 6.

10 . . . .£, e7 l l . .Q. x b7 E! b8 1 2.Aa6 4:)g6

2S.f3 4:)g6 26 . .Q.bS E!e7 27.�e2 4:) h4 28.g3 f x g3 2 9 . h x g3 4:) g6 30 . .Q.f2 4:)f41 31.gxf4 �hS+, Draw

Threatening 1 3 . . . 4Jh4. This pawn sac­ rifi ce is necessary; 1 2 . . . ..1lxe3? 1 3.fxe3 !:l xb2 would be met by 14 . ..1lc4 with the twin threats 1 5 . ..1lxf7+ and 15 . .llb 3.

Konstantinopolsky gives the fantasy variation 32 . ..1lh4? � x h 4 + 3 3 .�h2 �xf4 34.i£txf4 exf4 3 5 . 4Jc4 g5 36.a6 !:l e 5 ! 37.4Ja5 g4 38.4Jc6 g3! 39.'it'g2 ..llh 3+ 40.'i!i>xh3 !:lh5+ 4 1 .'it'gl !:lh2+ mate.

13.d4 fS

As 1 3 . . . 4Jh4 can now be met by 1 4 . ..1le2.

57

Ostende 1 906 The Belgian seaside resort of Osten de was the scene of one of the most unusual tournaments in the history of chess. The Oxford Companion to Chess notes that it was the strong master and organizer Isidor Guns berg who was responsible for the unusual format. Gunsberg was especially proud of the five-stage thirty-six-player tournament, as it gave many younger players a chance. This was a change from the norm of the time, which was to invite only established masters. The fine re­ sults of the youngsters Rubinstein (3rd place), Bernstein (=4th), and Perlis (9th) greatly enhanced their reputations. The flip side of Gunsberg's marathon was that it proved to be a strain for some of the older players. Those that made it to the final stage (nine of the players) ended up playing 30 games! Schlechter 's victory, one of the finest of his distinguished career, was worth 4,000 Belgian francs. Mar6czy received 2,500 and Rubinstein 1 ,500. From Lasker s Chess Magazine, June 1 906: The Ostende Tournament The tournament at Ostende attracted thirty-six competitors, a huge, unruly number. The manager, Isidor Gunsberg, had the difficult task before him to discover a system of playing that would satisfy the chessworld and not fag the players. The best way would have been to restrict the number of entries. But such a procedure would probably have been contrary to the desires of the "Kursaal." So there was no way of solving the problem but by the antiquated play in groups. The masters were arranged in four groups (A, B, C, D) of nine, each group, in the opinion of the committee, being of about the same strength. Each member of A and C met each member of B and D. After this tussle the three who held, accord­ ing to the Berger system of scoring, the least number of points in each group were thrown out. Then the reduced groups fought again, this time A battling with C, B with D. Hereafter the reduc­ tion process was again applied, two being eliminated in each sec­ tion. The four remaining players of each group continued the con­ test, A meeting D, B contending against C. In the semi-final four players of each group played with each other. The nine players with best scores entered the final, which proceeded according to the manner generally adopted.

Under the circumstances the tournament resolved itself into a con­ test of endurance. The older players suffered most from the ordeal. One by one they sank exhausted by the wayside. The longer they held out the more pitiable was their breakdown. Mar6czy, after a

Ostende 1 906 bad start, swept magnificently to victory, but suddenly collapsed, put a rook en prise in one game, overlooked an easy win in another, and had to be satisfied with second place. Janowsky made a bril­ liant start and then broke down. The overdose of play so completely ruined him that, after having won seven out of the first nine points he managed to gain only six out of the following eighteen games, finally getting a sort of second wind where he scored two out of three [sic-Janowsky finished with 1 6 points] . Blackburne, Marco and Chigorin were soon hopelessly floundering in the dust after the first and second stage had been reached, and this although Chigorin, after a miserable start, had made a showing which, if continued, would have secured to him one of the high prizes. But had he, after his poor beginning, won nearly every game he would, probably, still have been eliminated. Verily it was a chess fair, not a tournament ! It is an ill wind that blows nobody good. The young masters were given their chance to show what they had learnt and the examina­ tion was most satisfactory. In fact, they came dangerously n�ar an­ nexing the position of examinators [sic] for themselves. And one of their ranks, Rubinstein, proved himself what his name implies, a veritable gem. Mr. Gunsberg may thank his stars that this twenty­ three-year-old Russian happens to have the cut of a genius. This fact redeems the tournament. If Mr. Rubinstein keeps what his cour­ age, prudence and imagination promise, the tournament at Ostende will long be remembered as his debut on the stage of international chess. Exit Janowsky, enter Rubinstein ! But perhaps not. Janowsky is not made to stand large strains. His limit of elasticity is soon reached. When he will have rested and recuperated from the effects of his mistake in trying to carry an overload of mental labor, a year hence he will be a dangerous rival again. The hero of the tournament was Schlechter. It was his first undis­ puted victory, and as Schlechter is v ery popular all over the chessworld, the whole chessworld was glad with him. He scored 2 1 points out of a possible 30. For a first prize winner, this is a meagre percentage, seventy-five percent being the rule. But, it might be ar­ gued, the list of entries included such names as Mar6czy, Rubin­ stein, Burn , Bernstein, Teichmann, M arshall, Janowsky, Perlis, B1ackburne, Marco, Chi gorin and others of good sound, and to meet many of them twice and stil l win seven out of ten is a great achieve­ ment. In any case, achievements cannot be measured by mere sue59

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King cesses. They must lie in the manner in which success is won . And from this standpoint Schlechter cannot be too highly complimented, his freedom from mistakes, his courage in trailing the weak traces of winning combinations and his absolute renunciation of "Swin­ dling" processes giving him a style that will always command admi­ ration and always be his. Two tournament books were published not long after the event, but neither comes close to giving all the games - quite understandable in view of the mammoth number. However, Tony Gillam's recently published outstanding work Ostende 1 906 brings the Rubinstein game/fragment count for this tournament to over 60 percent. .§.a4 5 2 . c 5 .§.c4 5 3 . .§.a3 .§. x c 5 5 4 . .§. x a 7 .E!. e 5 5 5 . .§. a 8 lift f 5 5 6 . .§.f8+ liftg4 5 7 . 1ift d 2 liftg3 58 . .§.f7 g4 59 . .§.f8 liftg2 60 . .§.f7 g3 6 t . .§.g7 lift f3 6 2 . .§.f7+ liftg4 63 . .§.g7+ .§.g5, 0- 1

First Stage Games

(69) Oskam - Rubinstein Ostende June 5 , 1 906 French Exchange [CO l ] l.e4 e6 2.d4 d 5 3.exd5 exd5 4 . .£)f3 .£l f6 5.Ad3 Jtd6 6.0-o o-o 7.Ag5 A g4 8 . .£) bd 2 .£) bd 7 9 . c 3 c6 10:�·c2 'iNc7 l l .h3 Ah5 1 2 . .§.fel .§.ae8 13 . .£)h4 Ag6 14 . .£) x g6 hxg6 1 5 . Jt x f6 .£) x f6 1 6 . .£) f3 .£l h 5 17 . .£lg5? 'iNdS 18 . .£)f3

(70) Rubinstein - Balla Ostende June 6, 1 906 Queen 's Pawn [005] l .d4 d5 2 . .£)f3 e6 3.e3 c5 4.b3 .£)f6 5 . Ad 3 .£l c 6 6 . 0 - o Ad6 7.Ab2 c x d4 8.e x d4 0 - 0 9 . .£) bd 2 'iNc7 10.a3 e5 l l.dxe5 .£) xe5 1 2 . .£) xe5 A xe5 13.Axe5 'iN x e5 14 . .§.el 'iNc7 1 5.h3 Ad7 16.'lP!f3 .§.fe8 17 . .£)fl .E!, x e l l S . .§. x e l .§. e S 1 9 . .§. x e8 + A x eS 2 0 . .£) e 3 'iN e 5 2 1 .a4 g 6 22. tNdt r:3Jg7 23.Ae2 Ac6 24.Af3 .£) e4 2 5 . A x e4 'lN x e4 2 6 . c 3 f5 27.'lP!d4+ 'lNxd4 28.cx d4 a5 29.f4 liftf6 3 0 . Iift f 2 lift e 6 3 1 . .£) d l b 5 3 2 . a x b 5 A x b 5 3 3 . .£l c 3 Ac6 34.1ifte3 liftf6 3 5 . 1iftd 2 h6 36.g3 lifte6 37.1iftc2 liftd6 38.Wb2 Wc7 3 9 . 1ift a 3 Wb7 40 . .£) d l Ae8 4 1 . .£l c 3 Ac6 4 2 . .£) a4 A x a4 4 3 . 1ift x a4 liftb6 4 4 . b4 a x b4 45.1ift x b4 g5 46.fxg5 h xg5 47.!iflc3 liftc6 4S.Iiftd3 �d7 49.�e2 lifte7 50.Wf3 �f6 5 1 .�e3, Draw

After 1 8 . .£lxt7 l"! xt7 1 9 . l"l xe8+ ifl'xe8 20.Axg6 .£lf4 2 Ulxt7+ ifl
Ostende 1 906 17 . . . §fc8 18.Ae5 .£le4 19.f3 .£)d6 2 0 . .£) c 5 Ac6 2 1 . b 3 §e8 2 2 .a4 .£l f5 1 2 3 . .£l x b71 A x b7 24. A x f5 .lla 3 25.Ad4 A xel 26.§ xcl

(7 1 ) Bernstein - Rubinstein Ostende June 7, 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Declined [037] Notes by Bernstein (B) and Authors (A). t. d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 .£lf6 4 . .£lf3 .l}.e7 5 .Af4 0-0 6.e3 c 5 7 . d x c 5 jt x c 5 8.cxd5 .£l xd5 9 . .£) xd5 exd5 10 . .Ild3 .ll b4+ l V�fl

(B) With two bishops, control of the c­ file and play against Black's weak a­ pawn, White has more than enough compensation for the sacrific'ed ex­ change.

(A) This line, which is popular today, goes back almost one century!

26 ... g6 27 . .1ld7 §e7 28.§c7 Aa6+ 29.Ci;!?d2 §dS 30. § x a7 Ac41?

u ... .lle 7

(B) A trick, which does not help. In case of30 E!exd7 3 l .E'! xa6 White 's passed pawns will win quickly. . . .

(B) In B ernstein-Mar6czy, B armen 1 905, B lack played l l . . .Ad6, which is also good. The move l l . . . Ae7 was used in the game Janowsky-Lasker, London 1 899. (A) Karpov (in ECO) shows only the game Vai ser-Speelman, Sochi 1 98 2 : l l . . .Ad6 1 2 . .1lg3 4Jc6 1 3 . .1l c 2 .ll e 7 1 4 . h4 Af6 with equal ity. Lasker ' s l l . . .Ae7 looks better.

31.bxc4 dxc4 32.a5

(B) Instead, 32.�c3 wins easily. (A) As we shal l soon see, both the moves 32.a5 and 32 .�c3, lead to the same winning position. 32 ... §exd7 33.§ x d7 § x d7

12.h4 .£l d7?1

(B) Better is 12 . . . 4Jc6, as played by Lasker in the above cited game. 13. §cl

(B) An amusing variation can occur after 1 3 . g4 E! e8? (intending . . . 4Jf8) 1 4 . A x h7 + ! �xh7 1 5 . '[(r c 2 + '
1 3 . . . .£) {6 1 4 . .£)d4 �b6 1 5 . �b3 �x b3 16 . .£) xb3 Ad7 17.Ci;!?e2

(B) A fatal, hasty action that throws away the win. After 34.'
( B ) Wh i t e cannot win a pawn by 1 7 . E'! c7 because of 1 7 . . . Ad8 1 8.E'! xb7 Ab6 . 61

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 34 ... §d6 35.a7 §a6 36.�c3 §a4 37.e4 h5 38 . .1le3 f6 39.Ab6 �f7 4 0 . � d4 �e6 4 1 .f4 �d6 4 2 . f 5 g x f5 4 3 . e x f5 � d 7 44. g3 �c8 4 5 . Ac 5 �d8 4 6 . �e4 �d7 47.Ad4 �e7 48.Ac5+ �d7, Draw

13 . . . -'1,b7 1 4 . § ac l §d8 1 5 . � b3 § xdl+ 16.§ xdl -'i,d6 17.a51?

(L) A very deep conception, which would have been much stronger the next move (for example, after 1 7 .g3). 17 . . .b51 18.-'i,xb5+1

(72) Rubinstein - Janowsky Ostende June 8, 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [027]

(L) Forced, because i f 18.ltd3, then 18 . . . ltxh2+ and 1 9 . . . Ae5 .

Notes by Lasker (L), condensed from those in Lasker s Chess Magazine, June 1 906, and Authors (A).

18 ... a x b5 19.� xb5 20.�hl �b8

-'1, x h 2 +

l .d4 d5 2.�f3 �f6 3.e3 c5 4.c4 e6 5.�c3 dxc4 6.-'i, xc4 a6 7.a4 �c6 8.0-0 �b4!?

(A) The beginning of an interesting plan (Lasker 's assessment), but a risky one associated with delayed castling. 9. �e2 b6 tO.§dl �c7 1 1.e4! cxd4 12.� x d4 Ac5 13.Jtg5?1

(L) There are many dangerous continu­ ations at White 's disposal, but not one is killing: a) 2 1 . g3? Axg3 2 2 . fx g3
(L) More relevant is 1 3.
Ostende 1 906

I

2

4

5

15

21

21

1 2 \12 1 5 Y2

20

20

9 \12

l 2 Y2

14

19

19

9

12

1 4 \12

18

18 18

I . Schleeter

6

2 . Mar6czy

6

10

3 . Rubinstein

5 \12

4 . Bernstein

5 \12

3

1 0 \12 1 3 \12

Total

5 . Bwn

7

1 0 \12

12

14

18

6 . Teiclnnann

6

9

I I \12

13

18

18

7 . Marshall

6

10

I I \12

13

1 6 \12

I 6 Y2

7

9 \12

1 2 \12

13

16

16

6 \12

8 \12

II

1 2 Y2

14

14

8. Janowsky 9 . Perlis

(Cumulative scores only of players who survived to the fi fth stage)

62

Ostende 1 906 1 3.Ad3 A,e7 14.g4 Af6 1 5 .gxf5 e x f5 16.E!cl A,e6 17.cxd5 {) xc3 18.bxc3 -'t, xd5

b) 2 1 .�xf6 gxf6 22.g3? �xg3 23.fxg3 � xg3 24.4Jd6+ 'tte7 25 .4:lxb7 § g8 and White will be mated. c) 2 1 .f4 .ilxf4 22 .Axf4 �xf4 23.4Jd6+
It's a question of taste here. 18 . . . cxd5 restrains White 's center but kills the bishop. Both moves should give Black a sati s factory game i f fol l owed up correctly. 19.c4

21 :�d2?

19 . .ilxf5? �xe5 20.fxe5 �g5 + 2 l .�g4 �xe3 + . 19 -'t,e6 20.E!c2 -'t, x e5 2 l .dxe5

(L) This continuation is weaker than 21 .i1f"c4! . Now White is lost.

2 l .fxe5 is more positionally desirable but then 2 1 . . .�g5 + picks up a pawn.

21 .£)a6 22.-'t,xf6 gx f6 23.�d7+ lit>f8 24.g3 -'t, xg3 25.fxg3 -'t, x e4+ 2 6 . 1jf;> h 2 lit>g7 27 . .£) 3d4 � e 5 1 28 .£)d6?

2l . . . �e7

•..

••.

2 1 . . .§ f7 22.§d2 § d7 is a viable alter­ native.

•

22.c5

(L) A blunder, but already there is no defense.

Rubinstein tries to reinforce control of his trump card - the d6-square . He would love to land a rook there.

28 �h5+ 29.1jf;>gl �xdl, 0-1 •••

(73) Rubinstein - Duras Ostende June 1 1 , 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D5 5 ]

22 ... �f7 23. �e2 Ad5 24.h3 lit>h8

More to the point was 24 . . . b5! denying c4 to White 's bishop. If then 25.cxb6 axb6 26 . .ilc4 § fd8 and Black is doing just fine.

l.d4 e 6 2.c4 d5 3 ..£) c 3 .£) f6 4.-'t,g5 .£) bd7 5.e3 c6 6 . .£)f3 Ae7 7 .A,e2 0·0 8.0·0 .£)e4 9.Af4 f5 10 . .£)e5 /d xe 5 1 1 .-'t, xe5 A,f6 12.f4

25.-'t,c4 E!ad8

Ru binstein liked the Double Stonewall. B l ack should consider keeping h is bishops on the board with 25 . . . �g6+ 26.'tih2 �e4.

1 2 . . . -'t,d7

1 2 . . . b6 planning . . . �b7 and . . c 5 is another scheme of develop ment. .

26.-'t, xd5 � xd5 27. �c4 63

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 32 . . . .§ xd2+ 33 . .§ xd2 .§ xd2+ 34.�xd2 'iftg8 had to be played, as 35 .�d6 could be met by . . . 'lii' x d6 and . �f7 . Now B l ack is c o m p l e t e l y p a s s i v e and Rubinstein quietly goes about slowly building up his position before cash­ ing in his chips. . .

33.Etd6

Rubinstein is looking to the d6-square for a long-term advantage. 27 . . . �d7?!

27 .. :�xc4 28.E hc4 should be drawn despite White 's pressure against b7. Black can defend with 28 ... .§ f7 intend­ ing . . . .§ fd7 followed by bringing his king to the center. Another try is the active 27 . . . g5, which is right in spirit but possibly not sound. Black develops c o unterplay a fter 2 8 . 'i�i'x d 5 .§ x d 5 2 9 . .§ b l g x f4 3 0 . e x f4 .§ g8 + (30 . . . .§d4!?) 3 l .�f2 .§d4 32.�e3 .§ e4+ (32 . . . .§ a4!?) 33.�f3 .§ a4 34 . .§ xb7 h5, and the line 3 5 . e6 h4 36 . .§ d2 .§g3+ 37.�e2 .§ g2 + 38.�dl .§gl + 39.�c2 .§ xa2+ 40 . .§b2 .§ xb2+ 4 l .�xb2 �g7 42 . .§ d7+ �f6 43.e7 �f7 44.e8=�+ �xeS 4S . .§ h7 .§ g2+ is fine for Black, but we can't help feeling that White can improve. In the game, Duras goes com­ pletely passive and is methodically ground down.

This move is the culmination ofWhite's play for the past I 0 moves. Now Black must choose between giving White a huge passed pawn on the d-file or sub­ mitting to White's pressure. 33 . . . § g8 3 4 . �d4 Et c 7 3 5 . Etg 2 lifth7 36.a4

White intends to tighten the bind with a4-a5 before returning to the center and the kingside. 36 . . . b6

Duras makes a desperate attempt for counterplay.

28.§bl �e7 29.1ifth2 Etd5 30.�b4 Etd7 31.§bb2!

37.cx b6 axb6 38. � x b6 c5 39.Etc6 Et x c6 40. � xc6 g5 4 t . §b2 �d8 (4 l . . . .§ g7 42 . .§ b6) 4 2 . '/W x c 5 g x f4 43.e x f4 '/Wd3 44. '/Wf2 Etg7 45.a5 '/Wa3 46. § a 2 '/Wb3 47.Ete2 '/Wd3 48.Ete3 '{Wc4 49.Etel '/We6 50. §e2

A plan is taking shape. White will trade both rooks and his queen will penetrate to d6 . 3 l . . . Etfd8 32.§d2 h6?

64

Ostende 1 906 If 1 3 . . . � x d4? then 1 4 A � x f7 ! .§ x f7 1 5 .�xe6 4Jbd5 16 . .§dl and 1 7.4Jxd5 . 14.4) xd5 4)bxd5 15.Ag5 .§c8?

Necessary is 1 5 . . . �d6 giving protec­ tion to the e6-square. Now Rubinstein finishes things off in fine style. 16.Axf6 -'1,xf6

Isidor Gunsberg

.§g8 5 1 . .§d2 �a6 5 2 . �b6 �fl 53. �e3 �a6 54.e6 � xa5 55 . .§d7+ .§g7 56 . .§ xg7+ xg7 57.e7, 1-0 [New Yorker Staats-Zeitung, l 906]

(74) Gattie - Rubinstein Ostende June 1 2, 1 906 Queen's Pawn [D04]

1 7 . 4) x f71 .§ x f7 1 8. � x e6 -'1, x d4 1 9 . A x d 5 A x f 2 + 2 0 . h 1 �f8 2 1 . .§ f 1 .§c2 22 . .§ a c 1 .§ x c 1 23 . .§ xc1, 1-0

1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.e3 c5 4.b3 4)c6 s . A b 2 Af5 6 . Jld 3 Jlg6 7 . d x c 5 � a 5 + 8 . 4) bd 2 e6 9 . a 3 � x c 5 1 0 . 0- 0 A e 7 1 1 . � e 2 0 - 0 1 2 . Jl x g6 h x g6 1 3 . b4?? C l 3 .c4=) 13 ... �xc2 14.A xf6 Axf6 1 5 . .§fc1 �a4 16 . .§ab1 � x a3 17.4)b3 .§ac8 1 8 . 4) c 5 4) x b4 1 9 . �d 2 4) a 2 20 . .§c2 4)c3, 0-1 [New Yorker Staats-Zeitung 1 906]

(76) Leonhardt - Rubinstein Ostende June 1 4, 1 906 Queen's Gambit Declined [D55] 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag5 4)bd7 5.e3 Ae7 6.4)f3 0-0 7 . .§c1 b6 8 . c x d 5 e x d 5 9 . A d 3 A b 7 1 0 .0-0 c5

Bulgarian Grandmaster Ivan Radulov, who has tried this setup many times, believes this is a difficult variation for Black.

(75) Rubinstein - Burn Ostende June 1 3 , 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Declined [037] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.4)c3 4)bd7 5.e3 Ae7 6.Jld3 0-0 7.0-0 d x c4 8 . A x c4 c5 9 . � e 2 4) b6 ? 1 1 0 . A b 3 c x d4 1 1 . e x d4 Jl d 7 12 ..§ e 1 Ac6 13.4)e5 Jld5

l l .�e2

ECO considers l l ..llf5 c4 1 2.4Je5 g6 13 . .1lbl .§ e8 14.f4 better for White. 65

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King 15 ... g5 16.-i:) xgS?I

1 6.Axe4 dxe4 1 7.4Jxg5 .ilxg5 1 8.�g4 was an easy win. After the game con­ tinuation Rubinstein can still fight.

The continuation l l . . .h6 1 2 .Af4 4Jh5 1 3 .Ae5 does not yield Black equality. 1 2.Af4 .§e8

16 . . . Jl, x g 5 1 7 . -i:) x e S 18. ti'/g4+ Ag5?

Orthodox moves don 't do the trick, but the double-edged 1 2 . . . g5 1 3 .Bg3 f5 was not in Rubinstein's style.

A x f4

The fi nal m i stake . A fte r 18 . . . �f8 1 9 .Axe4 dxe4 20 . .§. fd l the position looks scary for B lack, but consider 2 0 . . . .1l x h 2 + 2 1 . \t' x h 2 � x e 8 , when things are not c l ear after 2 2 . �f5 ( 2 2 . .§. d6 �c7 2 3 . �f4 �f8 24 . .§. cd l .§. d8) 22 . . . �h4+ 23.�gl .§. d8.

13.-i:)bS a6?

19.dlxe4 dxe4 20 . .§fd1 h5

Or 20 . . . 4Je5 2 l ..§. xd8 4::\ x g4 22 . .§. xa8 (22 .4Jf6+) 22 . . . Axa8 23 . .§. xc5 winning. 2 1 . ti'/ x d7 ti'/ x d7 22 . .§ x d7 Jl, c 6 2 3 . -i) c7 .§c8 24 . .§ d 6 Ab7 25 . .£) x a6 Ae7 2 6 . .§ d 7 A x a6 27 . .§ x e7 Ad3 28 . .§e5 c4 29 . .§ xh5 .§ a S 3 0 . a 3 .§ b8 3 1 . .§ g 5 + �f8 3 2 . h4 .§ x b 2 3 3 .a4 �e7 3 4 . h 5 �d6 3 5 . .§ b 5 .§ a 2 3 6 . h 6 .§ x a4 37. .§b8, 1-0 [New Yorker Staats-Zeitung, 1 906]

13 . . . f!. c8 had to be played, when after 14.4Jxa7 (1 4.4Je5 a6 1 5.4Ja7 .§. c7 looks survivable) 14 . . . .§. a8 1 5 .4Jb5 .§. xa2 Black would still be in the game. 14.d xc5?

1 4 . 4Jc7! g5 15 . .ilxe4 dxe4 1 6.4Jxg5 .ll x g5 17.�g4 wins on the spot.

Second Stage Games

14 ... b xc5?

(77) Rubinstein - Znosko-Borovsky Ostende June 1 8, 1 906 Queen 's Pawn [D02]

1 4 . . . axb5 1 5 .c6 Axc6 16 . .§. xc6 .§. xa2 17 . .ilxb5 Ac5 1 8.�c2 allows White a positional advantage but is preferable to what happens in the game.

1 .d4 d5 2 . .£){3 c5 3.c3 e6 4.Af4 .£)c6 s.e3 .£)f6 6 . .£)bd2 Ae7 7.h3 o - o s . Ad 3 Ad7 9 . 0 - o ti'/ b6 1 0 . ti'/ b 3 .§ fc8 1 1 . .£l e 5 Ae8 12 . .§ fe 1 4) d 7 1 3 . 4) df3 4) d x e 5 1 4 . 4) x e S f6 1 5 . .£1 x c 6 ti'/ x c 6 1 6 . ti'/c 2 f 5 1 7 . � e 2 c4 1 8 . Jl, c 2

1 5 .-i)c71

Leonhardt doesn ' t m i s s his second chance. 66

Ostende 1 906 � b6 1 9 . g4 g6 2 0 . g x f 5 e x f5 2 t . � f 3 Jtf7 2 2 . �g3 Ae6 23 .§abl �a5 24.f31 �d8 25.§e2 �d7 2 6 . h4 Af6 2 7 . h 5 �f7 28.hxg6+ hxg6 29.e4 §h8 30.§g2 §ag8 3 l . Ae5 Ah4 32.�f4 §h5 33 .b3 1 c x b3 34 . .1l, x b3 b5 3 5 .a4 §c8? 3 6 . e x d 5 .1l, x d 5 3 7 . j}. x d 5 � x d 5 3 8 . § x b 5 �c4 3 9 . § b7+ .1l,e7 40 .1l,d6?

l l . �e5 c 5 1 2 . �f3 §e8 13.§cdl?!

1 3 . 1"l fd 1 looks more natural. 1 3 ...cxd4 14.exd4 �f8 15.g4

This attacking move is extremely com­ mittal. B lack has plenty of defenders and no weaknesses. Add to this that g4g5 can often be met by . . . 4Je4. It is clear that 1 5 . 1"l fe 1 was more prudent. But fortune favors the brave!

•

1 5 ...j}.d6 16.Jtg3 � e6?

A c c o r d i n g to Z n o s k o - B o ro v s ky, 40.Af6! wins on the spot. 4o . . . § h l + l 4t.�xhl �fl+ 4 2 . �h 2 § h8 + 4 3 . �g3 � e l + 44.§f2 �gl+, Draw [St. Petersburg Zeitung, copied in Bohemia, November 8 , 1 908]

1 6 . . . 1"\ cS is correct, with equal chances. 17.§fel?

1 7.Axh7+! 'it'f8 ( 1 7 . . . 'it'xh7 1 8.4Jxf7) 1 8 . �f5 leaves White a pawn up, as 18 . . . g6 is met by 1 9.�xf6.

(78) Rubinstein - Salwe Ostende June 20, 1 906 Queen's Gambit Declined [037] l. d4 d5 2.�f3 �f6 3.c4 e6 4.�c3 -'\. e7 5 . Jl.f4 0-0 6.e3 b6 7.c x d 5 ex d5 8.Jl.d3 Jl.b7 9.0-0 a 6 lO.§cl �bd7

No second chances for Akiva. Now the initiative switches to Black. 18.�g2 �ge4 19.f3 � xc3 20.bxc3 �c7 2 1.�h3 h6?

After 1 0 . . . Ad6 1 1 .<£le5 l"l e8 1 2 :-l;}·f3 4Jbd7 1 3 . <£l x d7 � x d7 1 4 . 1"l fd 1 c 5 1 5 . Axd6 �xd6 16 .dxc5 bxc5 17.Ac4 W h i te had a s m a l l advantage m Uhlmann-Bonsch, Leipzig 1 9 83 .

2 l . . .�xc3 2 2 .g5 <£le4 2 3 . f4 (23.fxe4 �xd4+ 24.'it'hl AxeS 2 5 .�xa6 Axa6 2 6 . 1"\ x d 4 .il x d 4 2 7 . e x d 5 1"\ x e l + 67

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 28.�xel l"l d8 looks fine for Black and would have been difficult to find over the board) 2 l . . .g6 denies White the easy target that 2 1 . . . h6 provides.

9.�c2
22.Etct bS 23.Af4 �d7 24.gS!

It seems that thi s m ight have been played to stop the classical sacrifice on h7, but since White has no dark-square bishop, was this a threat? For example 10 . . .
24.�xh6 looks enticing but only i f B lack accepts the sacrifice: 2 4 . . . -t\xeS (24 . . . gxh6? 25 .
2S.dxe5

J}. x e 5

l l .h5 �d7?!

1 1 . . . c5 looks more active meeting 1 2 .�c2 with 1 2 ... cxd4 1 3 .
The passive 1 3 . . . c6 is what White, with 1 4 . 0-0-0 fol lowed by �b1 and e4, would soon overrun Black's position. A gross overs ight. 2 6 . l"l x e 5 l"l x e 5 27.gxh6 �c5+ 28.'it'hl l"l e6 29.hxg7 � x g7 3 0 . �f5 l"l ae8 3 l . �g3 + �f8 32.l"lgl looks decisive. White threatens .ll x e6 followed by �h4.

14.0-0-0

14.-t\xdS
26 ... .i1,. x f4 27.hxg7 �b6+ 28.1jfff l �h6, 0-1 [New Yorker Staats-Zeitung, 1 906]

Black has to play aggressively or he will get squashed.

(79) Swiderski - Rubinstein Osten de June 2 1 , 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D55]

15.� xdS cxd4 16.exd4

On 1 6 .
1 .c4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.�c3 �f6 4. ,ilg5 Ae7 s .e3 o-o 6 . � f3 b6 7.Ad3 .Q.b7 8.cxd5 exd5 9 . .Q. x f6

16 ... �c5 17.dxc5 .Q. xd5

68

Ostende 1 906 This is very sharp as it walks straight into a pin. I nstead, 17 . . . �xd5 18 . .§. h7+ (18.�xd5 �xd5 1 9.cxb6 axb6 20.a3 and Black's bishops offer reasonable compensation for the missing pawn) 1 8 . . . �g8 1 9 . � x d 5 .ll x d 5 20 . .§. dh l .§.fc8 i s fine for Black.

�b6+ 25 .�a l (25.'i;!;>c l �f6 (25 . . . .§.g8 26.�e 5 + ile6) 26 . .§. d7+) 2 5 . . . �f6+ both look quite playable. The king is hard to get to on f6 and the bishop com­ ing back to e6 is a good defender.

1 8.J}.c4 Axc4 19. 'ii\'e 3

Akiva intends to attack the white king starting with . . . �a4+. Also, 20 . . . �c7 and 20 . . . �c8 appear quite playable.

20 . . . 'ii\' e8

21. 'ii\' h 6+ �f6 22.Etd6+

22 .'i;!;>xb2 �b5+ 23.�c3 �a5+ 24.<;!;>xc4 �a4+ with a draw. 22 ... J}.e6 23.J�) g5??

23.�h4+ with a draw was the logical conclusion of the game, but Swiderski over-presses and loses to a counter­ attack.

Swiderski accepts the challenge. With 1 9 . �xc4 �c7 20. g4 �xc5 2 l .�xc5 bxc5 22.g5 .lle7 23 . .§. d7 .§. fe8 24.�c2 he would have a small advantage in the ending. 19 . . . J}. x b2+

23 . . . 'ii\' a4+ 2 4 . � x b 2 'ii\' x a 2 + 2 5 . � c 1 'ii\' c 4+ 2 6 . � b 1 b x c 5 2 7 . Et x e6 + f x e6 2 8 . .£l h7 + �e7 29. 'ii\' g 5 + � d 6 30. 'ii\' g 3 + Et f4 3 1 . Etd1+ �c6, 0·1 [New Yorker Staats-Zeitung, 1 906]

19 . . . .§. h8 2 0 . .§. x d8 .§. x h l + 2 l . .§. d l .§. xdl + 22 .'i;!;>xdl �xa2 23.cxb6 axb6 24.�xb6 �d5 doesn't leave Black with enough compensation for the sacrificed queen.

Third Stage Games

(80) Marshall - Rubinstein Ostende June 2 5 , 1 906 Queen's Gambit Declined [D6 1 ]

20. �c2

2 0 . 'i;!;> x b 2 �f6 + 2 l . � e 5 � x e 5 + 2 2 . .£\xe5 �e6 2 3 . c6 .§. ac8 i s equal . 20.'i;!;>bl is similar to the game continu­ ation, but with a few twists of its own. 20 . . . �c7 Most importantly, the queen on c7 is ready to attack the white king. 21 . �h6+ <;!;>f6 2 2 .tl'd2 ( 2 2 . l"! d6+ .lle6) and now either 22 . . . .lle 5 2 3 .tl'g 5 + or 2 2 . . . b x c 5 2 3 . � x b 2 + '3i e 7 2 4 . tl'g7

1 .d4 d 5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 .£l f6 4.Ag5 .£l bd7 5.e3 Ae7 6.'ii\' c 2 0-0 7 . .£lf3 Ete8 8.Ad3 dxc4 9.Axc4 a6 10.a4 c 5 1 1 . 0 - 0 b6 1 2 . Et fd 1 Ab7 1 3 . d x c 5 'ii\' c 7 1 4 . A d 3 .£! x c 5 1 1 5 . A x f6 g x f6 1 6 . J}. x h7 + ? �g7 17.gd4 Eth8 18.Etg4+ �f8 19.gg3 f5 20. A x f5 e x f5 2 1 . 'ii\' x f5 'ii\' d 7 69

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 2 2 . � x d7 4) x d7 23 . .§ d 1 .§d8 2 4 . 4) d4 .£lc5 2 5 .b4 4) e6 26.4) x e6+ fxe6 27 . .§ x d8+ .Q. x d8 28 . .§g4 .§h4 2 9 . .§ x h4 .Q. x h4 30.b5 a5 3 1 .f3 C3;e7 32 .e4 C3;d6 33.g3 .Q.f6 34.4)a2

ing his menace of the black kingside pawns, and preventing the advance of those on the queenside. 44 . . . h6

White 's preceding move allows Black time for this important preliminary. 45.C3;f2 c2 46 . .§a1 C3;e4 47.C3;e1 c3

The winning move, forever preventing
F o r now if 5 0 .
34 . . . .Q.b21 3 5 .h4 e5 36.h5 C3;e7 37.C3;g2 .Q.c8 38.f4 .Q.e6 39.4)b4 axb4 40.f5 .Q.g8 41.a5 bxa5 42.b6 .Q.d4 43.b7 .Q.a7, 0-1

(82) Rubinstein - Bernstein Ostende July 3 , 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D32]

Fourth & Fifth Stage Games

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5 . .£lf3 4)c6 6 . .Q.f4 4)f6 7.e3 c x d4 8.4) x d4 .Q.b4 9 . .Q.b5 .Q.d7 1 0 . 0 - 0 .Q. x c 3 1 1 . b x c3 4) x d4 12 . .Q. x d7+ � x d7 1 3 . � x d4! 0-0 14 . .Q.e5

(8 1 ) Fahrni - Rubinstein Ostende (4th stage) 1 906

At this point ECO, volume D, p. 1 63 (note 9 1 ), gives the position as slightly better for White, quoting analysis of Kasparov. Thi s game seems to have been forgotten. 14 ... �c6 42 . .§f5 C3;e3 43 . .§e5+ C3;f4 44 . .§a5

If 14 . . . .£le8 then 1 5 .c4! is strong.

Entering into a fatal l ine of play. The only plan lay in §.c5 instead, maintain-

1 5 . .§ fd 1 .§ fd8 1 6 . .§ a b 1 b6 1 7 . .Q. x f6 � x f6 18 . .§ b 5 1 � x d4

70

Ostende 1 906 19. §. x d4 §.ac8 20. §.bxd5 §. x d5 21.§.xd5 1it'f8 22.§.d3 §.c5 23.1it'fl §.a5 2 4 . §. d 2 §.a3 2 5 . §.c 2 lit'e8 26.1it'e2 .. . 1-0

Preferable is 5 . . . c5. 6.4)bd2 4)bd7 7.4)e5

If 7.�d3 or 7 .1te2, then 7 . . . e5! with a good game for Black. .

(83) Janowsky - Rubinstein Ostende July 4, 1 906 Queen 's Pawn [D02]

7 . . . 4) e4

The obj ect of this i s not c l e ar, as the resulting pawn position is un­ favorab le for Black.

1.d4 d5 2.Af4 c5 3.e3 e6 4.c3 4)c6 5 . 4) f3 4) f6 6 . Ad3 �b6 7.�c1 Ad7 8 . 4) bd 2 §.c8 9 . �b1 4)h5 10.Ag3 4) xg3 1 1 .hxg3 h6 12.4)fl Ad6 1 3 .g4 lit'e7! 1 4 . �c 1 � a 5 15.�d2 b5 16.dxc5 A xc5 17.4)g3 b4 1 8 . 0 - 0 b x c3 1 9 . b x c3 A d 6 2 0 . 4) e 2 4) e 5 2 1 . 4) x e 5 A x e 5 2 2 . §.ac1 §. c 7 2 3 .f4 A f 6 24.e4 d x e4 2 5 . A x e4 §. hc8 2 6 . §. fd 1 Aa4 27.§.e1 A xc3 28.4) xc3 §. xc3 2 9 . §. b 1 Ac6 30 . .1}, x c 6 � c 5 + 3 l . lit' h 2 � x c6 3 2 . � d4 §. c 2 1 3 3 . � x a7 + lit' f 8 3 4 . � a 3 + lit'g8 3 5 . �g3 §. x a 2 3 6 . §. ec1 � x c 1 37. §. x c 1 §. x c 1 3 8 . � d 3 §. 1 c 2 3 9 . � d 8 + lit' h 7 4 0 . � d 3 + f 5 1 41.gxf5 §. xg2+, 0-1

8 . 4) x e4 d x e4 9 . � d 2 10.dxe5 4)b6 l l .Jlb5+1

j}, x e 5

Such moves are either made by great masters or duffers ! Here Rubinstein's powerful positional idea is that Black must permit the entrance of the white pieces via the d6-square as well as re­ strict his queen bishop (i.e. if he plays 1 1 . c6), or exchange the bishop, whose retention is necessary to guard the weak pawn on e4. . .

1 1 . . . Ad7 1 2 . .1}, x d7 + 1 3 . �d4 f 5 1 4 . e x f6 1 5 . �a4+1

For if 42.'it>h1 then 42 . . . §hd2 wins.

4) x d7 4) x f6

(84) Rubinstein - Perlis Ostende July 5 , 1 906 Queen 's Pawn [D03]

Again masterly. If the queen interposes, White w i l l exchange, castle to the queenside and play §d4. The fall of the e4-pawn is then certain.

Notes by Lasker from Lasker s Chess Magazine 1 906.

15 . . . 1it'f7 1 6 . 0 - 0 - 0 a 6 1 7 . Ah4 �e8 18.�c4 4)d5

The play of White is apparently sim­ plicity itself. But there are several moves among the twenty-two made that betoken the instinct of a real master.

Unless he plays 1 8 . .'�c6, which would rui n h i s pawn position completely, Black can no longer avoid the loss of a pawn.

1.d4 d5 2.Af4 e6 3.e3 4)f6 4.4)f3 Ad6 5.Ag3 �e7?1

19.�xe4 �c6 20.�f3+ lit'g8 21.e4 4)b4 22.�b3, 1-0

.

71

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (85) Rubinstein - Schlechter Ostende July 1 1 , 1 906 Queen 's Pawn [D02]

the ensuing complication . The ex­ change of both pawns on the kingside, though opening the rook file for Black, would have resulted to the advantage of White, inasmuch as the extra pawn on the queenside should be at greater value than the isolated pawn of Black, all other things being equal. ( S ) Much better is 2 l . fx g 5 h x g 5 22.gxf5 with advantage.

Notes by Lasker (L ) Schlechter (S) and Hoffer (H). ,

(L) A game that in no way distinguishes itself in the opening, novel though the course pursued by the two bri l l i ant masters may be, it is void of interest until the endgame stage is reached. Then a position full of varied combi­ nations is arrived at. A draw should, nevertheless, have resulted. The first player concludes by a blunder, but his game was hopeless then.

2l ... fxg4 22.A xg4 A xg4 23. § xg4 'lf1 e 6 2 4 . § hg l 'lf!! x c4 2 5 . '1f!! x c4 � xc4 26.fxg5 hxg5 27.§4g3?

(L) More natural is 27.�xg5 �xe3 2 8 . E! xe4 E! he8 which would have readily led to a draw. (H) Perhaps White should try 27 .E! l g3!?

t .d4 d5 2.Af4 e6 3.e3 Ad6 4.Ag3 � f6 5 . � d 2 Jl x g3 6 . h x g3 'lf!! e 7 7.f4

27 ... g4 28.�f2 §h2 29.�dl?

(L) To prevent 7 . . . e5 which, in view of the weakness of White on the black squares, would have allowed Black a dominating sphere of action. 7 . . . �e4

(L) Hardly advancing his cause. 7 . . . c5 at once would have yielded a quicker development. (S) Here 7 . . . b6!? deserves attention.

(S) Better is 29.�xg4! E! xb2 30.�e5 E! b4 3 l . E! g8 E! c8 3 2 . � x c 4 E! x c4

8.� xe4 dxe4 9. 'lf!!d 2 �d7 10.g4 � b6 l l .Jle2 .1ld7 1 2 . � h3 f6 13.�f2 .1lc6 14.c4 0-0-0 15.0-0-0 h6 t6."itc2 f5 17."itc3

33 .b2 .

29 ... c5!

17 ... b8 18.gxf5 exf5 19.g4 Ad7 20.§dgl g5 2 l .�h3

(L) Charming an attack out of nothing. 30.dxc5 would now, of course, be bad, as Black would then double his rooks on the 2nd rank, and at the very least recoup himself.

(L) 2 l .fxg5 first would have avoided

30.§3g2

(H) After 17.g3! White is better.

72

Ostende 1 906 (S) and (L) This loses a pawn and the game. But, 30 . .§ xg4 cxd4 3 l . .§ xe4 is met by the e legant move 3 1 . . . .§ c8! whereupon 3 2 . .§ x d4 -'tla3+ 3 3 . -'tlc3 .§c2+ 34.'itldl .§ xb2 35.-'tle2 .§cc2 will ultimately win.

Lodz 1 906 Double Round Robin

Gersz (Georg) Rotlewi ( 1 8 89- 1 920) enj oyed but a very brief career. Prob­ ably best known for being on the re­ ceiving end of Rubinstein's immortal game (Lodz 1 907-08, Game # 1 5 2), Rotlewi was a strong player who suf­ fered from poor health for much of his life. One of his best results was finish­ ing fourth at the marathon Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 event. There his score of 1 6-9 was only a point behind Rubinstein.

30 ... § xg2 3 1 . § xg2 cxd4 32.exd4 § xd4 33.§ xg4 § xd1+, 0- 1

The rest of the game is unavailable. (86) Teichmann - Rubinstein Ostende July 1 2, 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D60]

(87) Rubinstein - Rotlewi Lodz, August 24, 1 906 King's Gambit Falkbeer [C3 1 ]

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.-tlc3 .£)f6 4 . .£lf3 Ae7 5.Ag5 -tlbd7 6.e3 o-o 7.Ad3 dxc4 8.j},xc4 a6 9.0-0 b5 10.Ad3 Ab7 l l .a4 b4 1 2 . .£)e2 c5 13 . .£lg3 �b6 14 . .£)e5 §fe8 1 5.§c1 c x d4 1 6 . e x d4 § a d S 1 7 . Ae 3 .£) f8 18:�e2 .£)g6? 19.§fdl?

"

1 .e4 e5 2.f4 d5 3 . e x d 5 e4 4.d3 � xd5? 5 . .£lc3 Ab4 6.Ad2 A xc3 7.A xc3 f6 8. �e2 e3 9. � x e3+ r:Jf7 1 0 . Ae 2 1 -tl e7 1 1 . A f 3 � d 6 1 2 . .£)e2 .£)bc6 13.0-0 Ae6 14 . .£)g3 .£ld5 15.Axd5 A x d5 1 6 . .£)f5 �d7 1 7 . � h 3 1 Ae6 1 8 . � h 5 + g6 1 9 . �h4 �d8 20 . .£) h 6 + r:Jg7 21 .f5, 1-0

White misses 19.-'tlc6! �xc6 20.d5 with advantage. 19 ... .£)d5 20 . .£) xg6 h xg6 21 . .£)e4 .£) x e3 2 2 . f x e3 A x e4 2 3 . A x e4, Draw

Here the teenage Rotlewi equalizes the score.

Here are the results of those Rubinstein games from Ostende 1 9 0 6 whose scores are unobtainable:

Blackburne-R R-Wolf Schlechter-R Chigorin-R R-Teichmann Perlis-R Johner-R R-Mar6czy R-Marshall Burn-R Mar6czy-R

(88) Rotlewi - Rubinstein Lodz, September 1 906 Queen's Gambit Declined [D3 7]

Draw 1 -0 Draw 0- 1 Draw Draw Draw 0- 1 Draw Draw Draw

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.l�c3 �f6 4.�f3 Jte7 5.Jtf4 0-0 6.e3 b6 7 . .1ld3 a6?! 8.0-0 .1lb7 9 .a4 � bd7 10.�e2 � h 5 l l .g3 � xf4 12.gxf4 d x c4 13 .1lxc4 �f6 14.h3 c5 15.§adl cxd4 16.exd4 �h5 17.�e3 Ad6 1 8 . � e 5 �h4 1 9 . � e 2 §ae8! 2o.r:Jh2 f6 21 .�d3 Ad5 22.b3 b5t � 3 . a x b 5 a x b 5 24 . A x b 5 e 5 •

73

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 25 . .Q. x e8 e x f4 2 6 . � e x f4 � x f4 27.�g3 � xd3??

Daniuszewski to edit the A lmanach, which covered the club in its early years 1 903 - 1 907. (89) Rubinstein - Mundt Lodz, September 1 8, 1 906 Vienna [C29] 1 .e4 e5 2.�c3 �f6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 � xe4 5.�{3 .Q.e7 6.d3 �c5 7.d4 �e6 8 . .Q.d3 0-0 9.0-0 f6 10. �e2 �c6 1 1 . .Q.e3 fxe5 12.� xe5 � xe5 13.dxe5 c6 14.�h5 g6

Black should play 27 . . . ii¥xg3+ 28.fxg3 4Jxd3 or 27 . . . ii¥h6!?

I f 1 4 . . . l3 x fl + then 1 5 . l3 x fl 4Jf8 1 6.ii¥f7+ \tlh8 1 7 . .ilg5 ! is strong for White.

28.� xd6 �f4 29 . .Q.d7 .Q. x b3?

B etter is 2 9 . . . f5 3 0 . l3 d3 4J x d 3 3 l .ii¥xd5+ \tlh8. 30.f!b1 .Q.f7 31.f!b8 �g6 32 . .Q.e6 f! x b8 3 3 . � x b8+ �f8 34 . .Q. x f7+ c;1J x f7 3 5 . �c7+ c;f}g8 3 6 . �c4+ c;f}h8 37.�f7 �f4+ 38.c;f}g1 �d6 39.f!e1, 1 -0

Not much is known about A. Mundt except that he was an important mem­ ber of the Lodz Chess Society for many years and teamed up with Dawid

1 5 . .Q. x g6 h x g6 1 6 . � x g6+ � g7 1 7 . .Q.h6 f! x f l + 1 8 . f! x f 1 .Q. c 5 + 19.c;f}h1 �e7 20.e6n, 1-0

Lodz 1 906 Aug. 24

-

Sept. 23

2

3

4

5

6

7

Total

I . Rubinstein

XX

I Yz

Yz l

Yz l

I Yz

10

II

9

2. Daniuszewski

O Yz

XX

Yz Yz

I Yz

II

Yz Yz

II

8

3 . Salwe

YzO

Yz Yz

XX

01

Yz l

Yz l

II

7 Yz

4. Mundt

YzO

O Yz

10

XX

O Yz

II

II

6 Yz

5 . Kuczyfiski

O Yz

00

YzO

I Yz

XX

01

II

5 Yz

6 . Rotlewi

01

YzYz

YzO

00

10

XX

11

5 Yz

7 . Korelowicz

00

00

00

00

00

00

XX

0

Rubinstein won both his games against Korelowicz by forfeit.

74

Ostende 1 906 Better 1 1 . .. 0-0. If 1 2 .dxc5 ffc7.

(90) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz, September 23, 1 906 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D53]

12.e41 cxd4 13 . .£) xd4 h6 14.Ah4 .£)e5 15.Ag3 .£)c6 16 . .£) xc6 � xc6 17 . .£ld51 .§.c8

l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.J�) c3 .£lf6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5 . .£lf3 a6 6.e3 dxc4 7.A xc4 b5 s . Ab3 Ab7 9 . 0 - o .£l bd7 10:�e2 c5 l l . .§.adl �b6?1

If 17 . . . exd5 1 8 . ex d 5 , or 1 7 . . J�jxd5 1 8 . e x d 5 e x d 5 1 9 . .il x d 5 ffb6 20 . .§ fe l . 1 8 . .£) x e7 � x e7 1 9 . -'td 6 + �e8 20.f3 .£ld7 2l.�ell .£)b6 22.�g3 .§.g8 2 3 . A x e6 1 .£l d 7 24 . -'t x d7+ � xd7 25.Ab4 �c7 26 . .§.d6 �e7 2 7 . .§. fd l g 6 2 8 . .§. 6 d 4 � f 6 2 9 . .§. d 7 A c 6 3 0 . .§. e 7 + � x e7 3 l . A x e 7 � x e7 3 2 . �d 6 + �e8 3 3 . .§.cl Ad7 3 4 . .§. x c8 + A x eS 35.�c7, 1-0

•

75

1907 8 . . . g 5 1 9 . Ae 5 g4 1 0 . � d 2 � c 6 l l .a3 � xe5 1 2 . d x e 5 a5 1 3 . E!b1 a x b4 1 4 . a x b4 c 6 1 5 .e 3 � x d 2 1 6 . "� x d 2 b6 1 7 .c x b6 'i:/ x b6 18. 'i:/d4 'i:/c7

The cros stab l e of th i s s i x - p l ayer, double-round tournament is given in Pervy A lmanakh L o dz inskago Obshtestva lyubitelei shakhmatnoi igri. This source gives only the year but not the exact months and days. We suppose that the tournament was played in the first half of 1 907, perhaps somewhere between January and April. Our edu­ cated guess is based on the fact that in this period oftime the Lodz Chess Club did not organize any other events nor did Rubinstein or Salwe participate in any. Also, Rubinstein and Salwe were busy in Ostende (May 1 6--June 25) and Carlsbad (August 22-September 1 7), as well as playing a marathon match against each other that ran from April to November.

1 9 . Ae2 E!a3 20.0-0 c5 2 l . � b5 c x d4 2 2 . � xc7 d3 23.Ad1 Ad7 24.b5 E!b8 25.Ab3 Ads

Like a similar event in 1 906, this would appear to be the Lodz Chess Club's annual championship.

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 dxc4 4.e3 �f6 5.Axc4 c5 6.�f3 �c6 7.0-0 a6 8 ."�' e 2 c x d4 9 . E! d 1 Ae7 10.exd4 0-0 l l .Af41?

The following five games are from the A lmanach . (9 1 ) Rotlewi - Rubinstein Lodz 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D3 7) Notes by Daniuszewski (D) and Au­ thors (A). 1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.c4 �f6 4.�c3 Ae7 5.Af4 0-0 6.c5?1

(A) This continuation is not mentioned in ECO. We think the plan used by Rubinstein is the best reply. 6 ... �e4! 7:i:/c2 f5 8.b4

(A) Perhaps White should play 8.h4.

(D) But not 1 8 . . . c5? 1 9.4Jxd5!

(D) If 25 . . . f! b7? 26.4Jxd5 . 26.E!fc1 d2 27.E!c3 A xc7, 0-1

(92) Rubinstein - Rotlewi Lodz 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [D26]

Recent theory deals only with l l .d5 exd5 1 2.4Jxd5 4::l x d5 13 ..1lxd5 Vf¥c7 and now 14.Jlg5 (Rubinstein-Duras, San Sebastian 1 9 1 2) or 14.Vf¥e4 (Smyslov). Both continuations give White the bet­ ter game. l l . . . b5?

1 907 (94) Daniuszewski - Rubinstein Lodz 1 907 Queen 's Gambit [D55]

Falling into the trap. Black should play 1 1 . . .4:)b4. 1 2 . d 5 1 e x d 5 1 3 . Jl x d 5 1 .£! x d 5 14 . .£j xd5 Jld7 15.Ac7, 1-0

Notes by Daniuszewski (D) and Au­ thors (A).

For if 1 S . . . �e8 then 1 6.4:)b6. l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£Jc3 .£Jf6 4.Ag5 .£lbd7 5.e3 Ae7 6 . .£Jf3 0-0 7.�c2 b6 8 .c x d 5 e x d 5 9 . Ad 3 Ab7 10.0-0-0 .£Je4 11 .h4 f 5 12.g41

(93) Rubinstein - Mundt Lodz 1 907 King's Gambit [C3 3] l . e4 e 5 2 . f4 e x f4 3 . Ac4 .£J f6 4. .£Jc3 Ab4 5 . .£Jf3 d6 6.0-0 0-0 7 . .£Jd5 c6 8 . .£j x b4 � b 6 + 9 . d 4 � x b4 1 0 . Ad3 E! e 8 l l .c3 �b6 1 2 . A x f4 d5 1 3 .e5 .£l e4 14 . .£Jg5 .£l xg5 15.Jlxg5 E! xe5

(A) A forgotten novelty ! According to Lasker, after 1 2 . � b l El c8 1 3 . �b3 4:)xc3, followed by 1 4 ... c5, White has only slightly better chances. 1 2 . . . c5 16.A x h7+ �f8 17. E! x f7+1 � x f7 18.�h5+, 1-0

(D) The alternative 12 ... 4:)xf2 1 3 .�xf2 fxg4 does not yield a satisfactory result

Lodz 1 907 •

2

3

4

5

6

I . Rubinstein

XX

10

II

Y:z l

I Y:z

11

8

2. Daniuszewski

01

XX

Yz Yz

I Y:z

I Yz

11

7

Total

3 . Rotlewi

00

Yz Yz

XX

01

II

01

5

4. Salwe

Y:zO

O Y:z

10

XX

Y:zO

II

4 Y:z

5 . Mundt

O Y:z

O Y:z

00

Yz l

XX

01

3 Yz

6. Kuczyfiski

00

00

10

00

10

XX

2

77

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King .£\ x e4 7 . .£\ xe4 �d4 8.0-0 � xe5 9.d4 �f5 10.E!e1 Ae6 l l .Ag5 f6 12.�e2 �d7 13 . .£\g3 �d5 14.Af4 E!e8 1 5 .b3 Ad6! 16.A x d6 c x d6 17.�d2 c5 18.E!ad1 Af7 19.E!e3 E! xe3 20.fxe3 cxd4 21.�b4 Ag6 22. E! x d4 �c6 23.e4 E!e8 24.h4 h5 25.a4 E!e5 26. E!c4 E!c5 27.E! xc5 � xc5+ 28.� xc5 dxc5 29.a5? c4! 3 0 . �f2 c x b3 3 l .c x b3 �c6 3 2 . �e 3 � b 5 3 3 . � d4 � x a 5 34.�c5 b6+ 35.�c4 Af7+ 36.�c3 g6 37 . .£\ e 2 � b 5 38 . .£\ f4 � c 5 39.b4+ �d6 40.�d4 a5 41 . .£\d3 a4 42.e5+ fxe5 43 . .£\ xe5

because of 1 4 .�c2 gxf3 1 5 . .ll x h7+ 'ifth8 1 6.l"!.dfl ! . White will play a sub­ sequent .llf5, regaining the pawn with a considerable positional advantage. Relatively better is 1 2 .. .fxg4 1 3 . .£\xe4! dxe4 (losing is 13 . . . gxf3? 14 . .£\g3 g6 1 5 . .llxg6 hxg6 1 6.�xg6+ 'ifth8 17 . .£\hS, or 14 . . . h6 1 5 .Axe7 �xe7 16 . .£\fS �f6 17.l"!.dg1 l"!.f7 18.l"!.g6!) 1 4 . .ll x e4 .ll x e4 1 5 .�xe4 gxf3 16.�xe7 �xe7 1 7 . .1lxe7 l"!.f7 18 . .llg 5 with a better endgame for White. 13.gxf5 .£ld6 14.f6! .£\ xf6

( D ) I f 1 4 . . . .ll x f6 1 5 . .ll x h 7 + 'ifth8 1 6 . .£\eS! and wins. 1 5 . A x f6 A x f6 1 6 . A x h7+ �h8 17 . .£\g5 cxd4 18.exd4!

(D) Bad is 18.4:Je6? �e8 19 . .£\xf8 dxc3 20 . .£\g6+ 'iftxh7. 18 ... �d7 19.Ag6 E!fc8 20. �e2

(D) Stronger than 20 . .lle8 �f5 2 1 . �xf5 .£\xf5 22 . .lld7. 43 . . . a3! 44 . .£\ x f7+ �e7 4 5 . �c3 ct/xf7 46.�b3 �f6 47. � x a3 b5

20 . . . .£\f5 21.�g4 E! xc3+ 22.bxc3 �c7 2 3 . � x f5 � x c 3 + 2 4 . � c 2 �al+ 25.�b1 �c3+ 26.Ac2 E!c8

The A lmanach gives the end of the game as 47 . . . 'iftf5 48.'iftb3 'iftg4 , 0- 1 . We are sure that the actual continua­ tion was 47 . . . b5 because 48.'ifib3 made no sense when it was possible to play 48.'ifta4.

(D) Or 26 . . . .1le7 27.l"!.d3 .lla 3+ 28.'iftd1 �a5 29.l"!. xa3! �xa3 30 . .llb 3 and White wms. 2 7 . � b 2 � a 5 2 8 . .£\ f7 + �g8 29 . .£\d6 E! xc2+ 30.�xc2!, 1-0

48.�b3 �f5 49.�c3 �g4, 0-1

(95) Kuczynski - Rubinstein Lodz 1 907 Four Knights [C48]

Alan Savage points out that while the given move 49 . . . \t>g4 might win here (it leads to a difficult queen-and-pawn ending), it's much more likely that 49 . . . 'ifte4 was played, with a trivial win.

1 .e4 e5 2 . .£\c3 .£\ f6 3 . .£\ {3 .£\c6 4.Ab5 a6 5.A xc6 d x c6 6 . .£\ xe5

78

1 907 Osten de May 1 6 - June 2 5 , 1 907

Ad7 S . tf/ x b6 a x b6 9 . Ac7 c4 10.a3?

C.T. Blanchard, in his column in the Western Daily Mercury of June 29, 1 907, writes: "R had the best chances of being first. In spite of his youth he has acquired the set and sound style (suitable of his temperament) of Dr. Tarrasch. As a matter of fact he ac­ knowledges his indebtedness to the lat­ ter, whose book of 300 games he has thoroughly studied."

Better is 1 0.�xb6 .§ a6 1 Ulc5 . Now Black obtains a positional advantage. 10 ... b5 l l.§.c1 E!cS 12.Ag3 4)h5 1 3 . Ae 2 4) x g3 1 4 . h x g3 Ae7 1 5.Ad1 0-0 1 6 . Ac2 g6 17.§.h2
(96) Blackburne - Rubinstein Osten de ( 1 ) May 1 6, 1 907 Ruy Lopez [C77] 1 .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . 4) c3 4) f6 4.Ab5 a6 5 . Aa4 Ae7 6 . d 3 d6 7 . 4) d 5 b5 S.Ab3 4)a5 9 . 4) x e7 tf/xe7 10.Ag5 h6 l l .Axf6 tf/xf6 12.4)d2 0-0 13.tf/h5
(98) Rubinstein - Duras Ostende (3) May 1 8, 1 907 Slav [0 1 0] 1 .ll4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.e3 4)f6 4.4)c3 Af5 5 . c x d 5 c x d 5 6 . tf/ b 3 AcS 7.4)f3 e6 S.i,td2 Ae7 9.E!c1 0-0 10.Ad3 4)c6 1 1 .0-0 E!eS 12.§.fd1 AfS 1 3 . A e 1 tf/e7 1 4 . e4 E!dS 1 5 . A b 1 d x e4 1 6 . 4) x e4 4) d 5 17.4)e5 4) bS 1S.4)c3 4)f6 1 9.f4 4) h 5 2 0 .g3 4) d 7 2 1 . 4) e4 f6 2 2 . 4) f3 f5 2 3 . 4) eg 5 4) df6 24 . A x f5
(97) Lee - Rubinstein Osten de (2) May 1 7, 1 907 Queen 's Pawn [002] 1.d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.Af4 e6 4.e3 c5 5.c3 4)c6 6.4)bd2 tf/b6 7.tf/b3

79

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 35.� xh7+1 � x h7 36.hx g6+ � xg6 37.§h6+ �g5, D raw

2 8 . 4) e 5 4J d 5 2 9 . �f2 4J hf6 3 0 . �f3 �gs 3 t .g4 Ad6 3 2 .g5 4) e8 3 3 . �e4 4) dc7 3 4 . 4) x c7 A x c7 3 5 . Ab4 g6 36.d5 Ad6 3 7 . Jl, x d6 4) x d 6 + 3 8 . �f3 � g7 39.b3 �f8 40.4)c4 4Jf5 41.d6 §c6 42.d7 §d8 43.4Je5 § xc1 44.§xc1 4)d6 45.§d1 4Jf5 46. �e4 �e7 47.§c1 4)d6+ 48.�d5 §f8 49.§e1 §f5 50.d8 = �+ � x d8 5 1 . � x d6, 1-0

( 1 00) Rubinstein - Mieses Ostende ( 5) May 2 1 , 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D32] 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4Jc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.4Jf3 4)c6 6.Jl,f4 4)f6 7.e3 c4 8.Jl,e2 �b6 9. �c1

9.�c2 is met by 9 . . . Af5 .

(99) von Scheve - Rubinstein Osten de ( 4) May 20, 1 907 Ruy Lopez [C84]

9 . . . Jl,e7

l . e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . A b 5 a6 4 . A a 4 4) f6 5 . d 3 d6 6 . 0 - 0 b 5 7.Ab3 4Ja5 8.Ae3 Ae7 9.4)bd2 4) xb3 10.axb3 Jl,b7 l l .�e2 0-0 1 2 . h 3 c 5 1 3 . c4 4) e 8 1 4 .g4 g6 1 5 . � h 2 4J g7 1 6 . § g 1 §b8 17.Ah6 �b6 18.4)fl Ac6 19.§a2 §fe8 20.Jl, x g7 � xg7 2 1 .4)e3 a5 22.h4 §b7 23. �d2 bxc4 24.bxc4 � b 3 1 2 5 . 4J f 5 + �h8 2 6 . 4) x e7 � x a 2 1 27 . 4) x c6 �a4 28. 4) x a 5 § a 7 2 9 . h 5 � x a 5 30.�h6 �c7 3Viflg3 �e7 32.§h1 �f6 33.4)h4 §b7?

ECO gives 9 . . . Ae7 as deserving atten­ tion, crediting Tarrasch with the sug­ gestion. This forgotten game suggests that it's worth more investigation.

After 33 . . . �g7 Black should win.

10.0-0 0-0 1 1 .4)e5 Jl,e6 12.Af3 §adS 1 3 .h3 4J d7 14.b3 4) c x e5 1 5 . d x e 5 c x b3 1 6 . a x b3 §c8 1 7 . � b 2 Jl,b4 1 8 . § fc 1 Jl, x c3 1 9 . § x c 3 § x c3 2 0 . � x c3 4J c 5 2 1 .b4 4)a6 22.Jl,g5 §c8 23.�d4 � x b4 24. � x b4 4) x b4 2 5 . § x a7 §b8 26.Jl,e7 4)c6 27.Jl,d6 4) xa7 28 . Jl, x b8 4) c 8 2 9 . �fl �f8 3 0 . � e 2 �e8 3 1 . � d 3 4J e7 3 2 . Jl,d 6 4) c 6 3 3 . A d 1 �d7 34 . �c3 g5 3 5 . Ac2 h 5 3 6 . Ac 5 4) x e5 37.f4 g x f4 38.e x f4 �c6 39.Ad4 4)c4 40.Jl,d1 h4 41.Jl,f2

80

1 907 This continuation is missing in ECO.

4)d6 42. j}, x h4 d4+ 43.�d3 .i£lf5 44.j},f2 �c5 45.h4 j},c4+ 46. �d2 4)d6 47 . j}, c 2 f5 4 S . h 5 l£) e4 + 4 9 . .1l x e4 f x e4 50.f5 AgS 5 1 .h6 e3+ 52.-'l,xe3 dxe3+ 53.�xe3 �d6 54.�d4 Ah7 55.g4 b5 56.f6 �e6 57.g5 �f7 5S.�d5 Ad3 59.�c5 A,g6, Draw

7 . .1£)ge2 Ae7 S.0-0 0-0 9.d5 exd5 10.cxd5 .i£)eS l l . .i£)g3 g6 1 2.e4 f4 13 . .1£)ge2 Ad6 14.g3 g5 1 5 .g x f4 g x f4 1 6 . � h l Ae5 1 7 . -'l,d 2 d 6 l S . E{ g l + � h S 1 9 . E! g4 -'t c S 20. E{ x f4 1 ? -'l, x f4 2 l . .i£) x f4 .i£) g7 2 2 . Ac4 .i£) d 7 2 3 . .1£) e 6 .1£) x e 6 2 4 . d x e 6 l£l e 5 2 5 . .1l d 5 A x e6 2 6 . -'l, x e6 E! x f3 2 7 . -'l,g4 E! d 3 2S.-'te2 E!h3 2 9 . .1lf4 t:Jh4 30.-'l,fl .i£) g4 3 l . tfJ x d6 E! x h2 + 3 2 . -'l, x h2 E!gS

( 1 0 1 ) Bernstein - Rubinstein Ostende (6) May 23, 1 907 Ruy Lopez [C98] l . e4 e 5 2 . .1£) f3 l£)c6 3 . A b 5 a6 4.Aa4 l£)f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.E!el b5 7.Ab3 d6 S . c 3 0 - 0 9 . h 3 .i£) a 5 10.-'l,c2 c 5 1 1 .d4 t:Jc7 1 2 . .1£) bd2 4)c6 1 3 . d 5 l£) dS 1 4 . .1£)fl .i£) eS 15.a4 E!bS 16.axb5 a xb5 17.g4 g6 1S.4)g3 .i£)g7 19.�hl f6 20.E!gl .£l f7 2 1 . Ae3 Ad7 2 2 . tfJe2 EtaS 23 . .1£ld2 �hs 24.b3 t:Jb7 25.Ad3 E!a6 26.E{gbl E!faS, Draw

( 1 02) Rubinstein - Marco Ostende (7) May 24, 1 907 Queen's Gambit Declined [D6 1 ]

33.t:Jg3

l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .1£lc3 .1£lf6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5.e3 .1£lbd7 6 . .1£)f3 0-0 7.t:Jc2 c6 S.E!dl "lta5 9 . .1ld3 h6 10 ..1lh4 d x c4 1 1 . Jl x c4 b5 1 2 . -'td3 b4 13.tlh4 AdS 1 4. -lt x a 5 .1l x a 5 1 5 . .1£) e4 .i£) x e4 1 6 . -'l, x e4 b3+ 1 7 . � e 2 b x a 2 l S . E{ a l A a 6 + 19.Ad3 Jl x d3 + 20. � x d 3 Ab4 2 1 . E! x a2 a 5 2 2 . E{c l c 5 2 3 . Ag3 E{fcS 24.E{aal cxd4 25.exd4, Draw

I f 33 . .ilg2 4Jf2 + 3 4 . �g l 4J h 3 + or 33.4:\dl 4Jxh2 34:ffi' x h2 'ffi' x e4+ 35 ...!lg2 'ffi'e l + 36.-ffi'g l 'ffi'h 4+ with a perpetual check. 33 4) f 2 + 3 4 . �g ;at l£) x e4 3 5 . tfJ x gS+ � x gS 3 6 . -'l,c4+ �g7 3 7 . E! f l t:J g4 + 3 S . � h l t:Jh4 3 9 . �g 2 t:J g4 + 4 0 . � h l t:J h 4 41.�g2 t:Jg4+, Draw . . •

( 1 03 ) Rubinstein - Spielmann Ostende (8) May 25, 1 907 Dutch [A85 ]

Leo Flei schmann ( 1 8 8 1 - 1 930) had an unusual twist to his career. The na­ tive of B udapest sometimes played under h i s H ungarian surname, Forgacs.

l.d4 f 5 2.c4 e 6 3 . .1£lc3 .1£)f6 4.e3 b6 5.Ad3 Ab7 6.f3 c5

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1 907 7 . .Q.f4 .Q.d6 8.fld2 .Q. xe2 9.4) xe2 fl x d 2 + 10 . .Q. x d 2 4) bd7 l l . h 3 0 - 0-0 12.0-0--0 4)d5 13.d4 4)7f6 14 . .Q.d3 4)b4 1 5.Ac4 4)e4 16 . .Q.el 4) d 5 1 7 .f3 4) ef6 18 . .Q.f2 E! d 7 1 9 .c3 c6 2 0 . E! h e l 4) h 5 2 1 . �c2 �c7 22.a4 a5 23.Ad3 h6 24.E!al E!7d8 25.E!abl g5 26 . .Q.c4 E!de8 27.E!bdl f5 28.4)cl 4)hf4 29.Afl h5 30.g3 4) g6 3l . .Q.d3 h4 32.g4 4)gf4 33 . .Q.fl E!hf8 34.Ae3 4) xe3 3 5 . E! x e 3 4) d 5 3 6 . E! e 2 f x g4 3 7 . f x g4 E!f3 3 8 . 4) b3 ? 4) e 3 + 3 9 . E! x e3 E! x e3 40 . 4) x a 5 E!f8 4 1 . 4) c4 E! f 2 + 4 2 . � b3 E! ef3 43.4)d2 E! xd2, 0-1

(I 04) Fleischmann - Rubinstein Ostende (9) May 27, 1 907 Ruy Lopez [C98] l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . A b 5 a6 4 . .Q.a4 4)f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.E!el b5 7 . .Q.b3 d6 8 . c 3 0 - 0 9 . h 3 4) a 5 10 . .Q.c2 c 5 1 1 .d4 f:!c7 1 2 . 4) bd2 4)c6 13.4)fl cxd4 14.cx d4 4) xd4 1 5 . 4) x d4 e x d4 1 6 . .Q.g 5 Ae6 17.E!cl f:Jb6 1 8 . 4) g3 E! ac8 19.4)e2 h6 20 . .Q.f4 d5 2l .e5 4)e4 2 2 . 4) x d4 E!c4 2 3 . Ae 3 .Q.g 5 24 . .Q. x e4 d x e4 2 5 . .Q. x g 5 E! x d4 26 . .Q.e3 E! xdl 27 . .Q. x b6, Draw

( I 05) Rubinstein - Tartakover Ostende ( I 0) May 28, 1 907 King's Indian [E60]

( I 07) Rubinstein - Shories Osten de ( 1 2) May 3 1 , 1 907 King's Gambit (C30]

l.d4 c5 2.d5 d6 3.c4 g6 4.e4 .Q.g7 5 . .Q.d3 4) f6 6.f4 0-0 7 . 4) f3 e6 8.0-0 exd5 9.exd5 4)bd7 10.4)c3 E!e8 11 . .Q,d2 4) f8 1 2 . f:!c2 .Q.d7 13.E!ael flc7 14.b3 E! xe1 15.E! xel §e8 16.h3 E! x el+ 17 . .Q. xel flc8 18.�h2 4)h5 19.Ad2 fle8 20.a4 a6 21 .a5 fld8 22.4)e4 fle7 23.b4 f5 24.4) g3 4) x g3 2 5 . � xg3 .Q.c8 26.b x c 5 d x c 5 27 . .Q.c3 4) d 7 28 . .Q. x g7 � x g7 2 9 . f:J b 2 + f:!f6 30.fle2 b6 31.axb6 4) xb6 32.fle3 4) d 7 3 3 . 4) e 5 fle7 · 3 4 . �f3 g 5 3 5 . 4) x d7 g4 + 3 6 . � e 2 fl x e 3 + 37.� x e 3 g x h3 38.g x h 3 jt x d7 3 9 . �d 2 �g6 40 . .Q.e2 �f6 41 . .Q.dl �e7 42.�c3 h6 43.�b3 �d6 44.�a3 .Q.e8 45 . .Q.c2 Ad7,

l .e4 e5 2.f4 Ac5 3.4)f3 d6 4.c3 4)c6 5 . .Q.b5 a6 6 . .Q.a4 b5 7.Ac2 Ab6 8.d3 4)f6 9.a4 .Q.d7 10.axb5 axb5 l l . E! xa8 fl x a8 12.4)a3 exf4 1 3 . 4) x b 5 4) e 5 1 4 . 4) bd4 c 5 1 5 . 4) e2 c 4 16.d4 4)g6 17.4) x f4 0-0 18.4) xg6 hxg6 19.4)g5 4)h5 20.0-0 f6 2 1 . 4) f3 E!e8 2 2 . 4) h4 �f7 2 3 . e 5 f5 24 . 4) x f 5 A x f5 2 5 . .Q. x f5 g x f5 2 6 . fl x h 5 + �g8 2 7 . e x d 6 E!f8 2 8 . E{ x f5 E! x f5 2 9 . fl x f5 flat 3 0 . flg 5 �f7 3 l . �f2 � e 6 3 2 . fle 5 + �d7 3 3 . l't b 5 + �e6 3 4 . fl x c4 + �f6 35.flfl �e6 36.flel+ �d5 37.d7 f:Jbl 38.f:!e5+ �c4 39.f:Je6+, 1-0

Draw

( I 08) Rubinstein - Jacob Osten de ( 1 3 ) June I , 1 907 Queen's Indian [E I 4]

( I 06) Nimzovitch - Rubinstein Ostende ( I I ) May 30, 1 907 Center Counter [BO I ]

l.d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.e3 e6 4.Ad3 4)f6 5.0-o Ad6 6.b3 o-o 7 . .Q.b2 4)c6 8.4)bd2 b6 9.c4 Ab7 lO.E!cl

l.e4 d5 2.exd5 fl xd5 3.4)c3 fla5 4..Q.c4 4)f6 5.d3 .Q.g4 6.4)ge2 e6

83

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 3 9 . -'\.h 6 4)d3 40 . .11, d 2 � x d6 41 .�e2 �d5 42.f3 4)e5 43.fxe4+ � x e4 44.Ac3 4) g6 4 5 . Ad 2 a6 4 6 . Ac 3 4) f4 + 4 7 . � f 2 4) d 5 48.Ae1 4)e3 49.Ad2 4)d5 50.Ae1 4)e7 5 1 . �g3 4) g6 5 2 . �f2 �f4 5 3 . Ac3 �e4 5 4 . � e 2 4) f4 + 5 5 . �f2 � d 3 5 6 . A e 5 4) d 5 5 7 . .Q.d6 � c 4 5 8 . �g3 4) x b4 59.�h4 4)c2 60.�xh5 b4 61 . .11,f4 a 5 6 2 . g4 f x g4 6 3 . h x g4 4) d4 64. �g6 a4 6 5 . �f6 a3 6 6 . A c 1 4)e2, 0 - 1

§c8 l l . § e 1 §e8 1 2 . d x c 5 b x c 5 1 3 . Ab 1 -'\. b 8 1 4 . c x d 5 � x d 5 1 5 . -'\. x f6 g x f6 1 6 . 4) e 4 �g7 1 7 . � x d 5 e x d 5 1 8 . 4) x c 5 Aa8 1 9 . -'\. f 5 § cd8 2 0 . Ad7 §e7 2 1 . A x c 6 A x c6 2 2 . 4) a6 Aa8 2 3 . 4) x b8 § x b8 2 4 . 4) d4 �g6 25.§c5 §b6 26.§ec1 -'\.b7 27 .§c7 § x c7 2 8 . § x c7 a 5 2 9 . a 4 Aa6 30.§c6 § x c 6 3 1 . 4) x c 6 A d 3 3 2 . 4) x a 5 -'\. c 2 3 3 . �f l �g7 34.�e2 �f8 35.�d2 Af5 36.b4 �e8 3 7 . �c3 �d7 3 8 . b 5 �c7 39.4)b3 �b6 40.a5+, 1-0

( 1 1 0 ) Rubinstein - Metger Ostende ( 1 5) June 4, 1 907 Queen 's Pawn [005]

( 1 09) Siichting - Rubinstein Ostende ( 1 4) June 3 , 1 907 French [COO]

1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.e3 e6 4.Ad3 4)f6 5.b3 4)c6 6 . .Q.b2 cxd4 7.exd4 Ad6 8.0-0 0-0 9 . § e 1 b6 10.a3 Ab7 1 1 .4)bd2 4)e7 1 2.4)e5 4)g6 13.g3 A x e5 14.d xe5 4)d7 1 5 .b4 a 5 1 6 . b 5 4) c 5 1 7 . Ad4 4) e7 1 8 . 4) f3 4) x d 3 1 9 . c x d 3 4) f5 2 0 . � a 4 §c8 2 1 . § ec1 �d7 2 2 . .Q. x b6 d4 2 3 . 4) x d4 �d5 24.4)c6 f6 25.�c4 A xc6 26.bxc6 f x e 5 27 . � x d 5 e x d 5 28.c7 §f6 2 9 . A x a 5 4) d4 3 0 . § c b 1 4) c 6 3 1 . .11, b6, 1-0

l .e4 e6 2 .d4 d5 3 . -'\.d3 c5 4.c3 d x e4 5 . -'\. x e4 4) f6 6 . .11, { 3 4)c6 7 . d x c 5 � x d 1 + s . .Q. x d 1 A x c 5 9.4)f3 0-0 10.-'\.c2 e 5 11.Ag5 4)g4 1 2.0-0 h6 13.Ac1 f5 14.b4 Ab6 15.-'\.a3 §f6 16.4)fd2 e4 17.4)c4 Ac7 18.h3 4)ge5 19.4)bd2 .Q.e6 20.-'\.b3 §d8 21.§ad1 b5 22.4) xe5 4) xe5 23.Ab2 4)d3 24 . .Q.a1 -'\.e5 25 . .Q. x e6 + § x e6 2 6 . 4) b3 §c8 27.4)d4 A x d4 28.cxd4 §c2 29.a3 §a6 3 0 . d 5 § x a3 3 1 . Ad4 �f7 32.d6 �e6 3 3 . A xg7 h5 34.Af8 §aa2 35.§a1 § xa1 36.§xa1 §c1 + 3 7 . § x c 1 4) x c 1 3 8 . � f l �d7

( 1 1 1 ) John - Rubinstein Ostende ( 1 6) June 6, 1 907 Queen's Pawn [005] l .d4 d5 2 . 4) f3 c5 3 .e3 e6 4.b3 4) f6 5 . A d 3 4)c6 6 . A b 2 Ad6 7 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 8.a3 b6 9.4)e5 Ab7 1 0 . 4) d 2 a6 l l .c4 c x d4 1 2 . e x d4 d x c4 1 3 . 4) d x c4 b5 1 4 . 4) x d 6 � x d 6 1 5 . 4) x c 6 A x c6 1 6 . § c 1 §ac8 17.b4 Ae4 18.A x e4 4) xe4 1 9 . � e 2 4) f6 2 0 . � e 5 � x e 5 2 1 . d x e 5 4) d 5 2 2 . § f d 1 § c 4

84

1 907 23 . .§ x c4 b x c4 24 . .§ c 1 .§cS 2 5 . Ad4 c3 26.Ac5 a 5 27.�f1 axb4 28.a x b4 .§bS 29.Ad6 .§b7 30.�e2 g5 3 1 . �f3 �g7 32.�e4 h5 33.�d4 4) x b4 34 . .§ x c3 Draw [In 5 1 moves. The rest of the game is not available.]

( 1 1 4) Rubinstein - Mortimer Ostende ( 1 9) June 1 0, 1 907 Queen 's Pawn [D05] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.e3 e6 4.Ad3 c5 5.b3 4)c6 6.j}.b2 cxd4 7.exd4 j}.d6 8.0-0 0-0 9 . .§e1 Ad7 10.a3 .§cS 1 1 . 4) bd 2 4) e8 1 2 . 4) e 5 f5 1 3 . �e2 j}_ x e5 14.d xe5 g5 1 5 .c4 4)c7 16 . .§ad1 4)e7 17.4)f3 4)g6 1 8 . A c 1 g4 1 9 . 4) d4 �h4 20 .f4 .§ce8 21. �f2 �h6 22.g3 a6 23.a4 .§f7 24.cxd5 4) xd5

( 1 1 2) Rubinstein - Swiderski Ostende ( 1 7) June 7, 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D6 1 ] l.d4 d 5 2.c4 e6 3.4':lc3 4)f6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5.e3 4)bd7 6.4)f3 0-0 7.'�c2 d x c4 S . j}. x c4 c5 9 . .§ d 1 c x d4 10.e x d4 a6 1 1 . 0 - 0 b 5 1 2 . Ab3 Ab7 13.4)e5 4)b6 14 . .§fe1 4)fd5 15.4) x d 5 4) x d 5 1 6 . j}. x e7 4) x e7 17 . .§e3 .§c8 18:l.?td3 �d6 19 . .§h3 4)g6 20. 4) xg6 hxg6 21 . .§h4 Ad5 2 2 . �h3 f6 23 . .§ h 8 + �f7 24 . .§ x f8 + .§ x fS 2 5 . .§ c 1 .il x b3 26.�xb3 .§dS 27.a4 b4 28 . .§c4 a5 29.g3 g5 30 . .§c5? � x d4 31 . .§ xa5 t?fe4 32 . .§a7+ �g6 33 . .§c7 �e1 + 34.�g2 .§d2 35.�f3 .§d1, 0-1

2 5 . 4) x f 5 1 e x f5 2 6 . j}.c4 4) ge7 27 . j}. x d 5 4) x d 5 2 8 . .§ x d 5 .11, c 6 2 9 . .§ d 6 .§ e 6 3 0 . A a 3 .§ x d 6 3 l . e x d6 Ae4 3 2 . � d4 .§ d 7 33.�c4+ �g7 34.Ab2+, 1-0

( 1 1 3) Shoosmith - Rubinstein Ostende ( 1 8) June 8, 1 907 Queen's Pawn [D05]

( 1 1 5) van Vliet - Rubinstein Osten de (20) June I I , 1 907 Center Counter [BO I ]

l . d4 d5 2 . 4) f 3 e6 3 . e 3 4) f6 4 . 4) bd 2 c 5 5 . A e 2 4) c 6 6 . 0 - 0 t?lb6 7.c3 Ae7 8 . .1ld3 0-0 9.�e2 Ad7 1 0 . 4) e 5 .§ adS l l .f4 4) e8 12 . .§f3 f5 13 . .§h3 4)f6 14.4)df3 4)e4 15 . .§b1 j}.eS 16.j}.d2 4) xe5 1 7 . 4) x e 5 Af6 1 8 . j}. e 1 j}_ x e 5 1 9 . f x e 5 4) g 5 2 0 . .§ g 3 4) e4 21 . .§h3 .§cS 22. �fl .§c7 23 . .§f3 Ah5 24. j}. x e4 d x e4 25 . .§f2 g51 26.g3 cxd4 27.cxd4 Af3 28. .§d2 f4 2 9 . � f 2 � a 6 3 0 . a 3 � a 4 3 1 .h3 �b3 3 2 .e x f4 g x f4 3 3 .g4 t?f d 5 , 0- 1

1 .e4 d5 2.exd5 � xd5 3.4':lc3 �a5 4.d4 .£lf6 5.Ad2 c6 6 . .£lf3 Af5 7.Ac4 �c7 8.4)e5 e6 9.0-0 Ad6 10.4)e2 4)bd71

After 10 . . . .ilxe5 l l .dxe5 t¥xe5 1 2 . .ilc3 t¥c5 13 . .ilb3 �bd7 14.�d4 White has good compensation for the sacrificed pawn. l l . f4

85

0-0

1 2 . 4) x d7?

4) x d7

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 13 . .£l g3 Ag6 1 4 . Ci!7 h 1 §adS 15.Ab3 c5 16.dxc5 4) xc5 17.�f3 a5 1 S . A.e3 b5 1 9 . Jl x c5 Jl x c5 20.a4 b4 21.f5 exf5 22.4) xf5 §d2 23.§ae1 h6 24.§e4 Ci!7h7 25.§g4 �e5 26.§f4 � xb2 27.4)h4 § 2dS 2S . .1}. x f7 .Q. x f7 2 9 . § x f7 § x f7 30. � xf7 � xc2 31.4)f5 .Q.d4 32.h4 �e4! 33.§f3 .Q.e5 34.§fl §d2, 0-1

22.4)e5 4)d7 23 . .£lc4 4)b6 24.4)e5 a5 25.§ed1 g6 26.g3 Ci!7g7 27.h4 h5 2S.ciflg2 §feS 29.b3 c4! 30.bxc4 §cS 31.§d4 §c5 32.4)d3 § x c4 33.§ xc4 4) xc4 34.Ci!7f2 §c7 35.4)f4 Ci!7f6 36.Ci!7e2 §d7 37.4)d3 e5 3 S . § f 1 + Ci!7e7 3 9 . § b 1 b6 40.§fl §dS 41.§b1 Ci!7e6 42.§d1 4)d6 43 . .£Jf2 §cS 44.Ci!7d3 4) b7 45.Ci!7c2 .£Jc5 46.§a1 §dS 47.§b1 4) xa4 4S.4)d3 §cS 49.§b5 § xc3+ 5 0 . Ci!7 d 2 §c4 5 l . § x e 5 + Ci!7f6 52.§eS .£lc5 53.e5+ Ci!7f7 54.§dS Ci!7e7 55.§d5 4) x d3 56. § x d3 a4! 57.§d6 a3 5S. § x b6 §a4 59.§b1 a2, 0-1

( 1 1 6) Rubinstein - Per/is Ostende (2 1 ) June 1 3 , 1 907 Queen 's Pawn [D05] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.e3 c5 4.Ad3 4)c6 5.b3 4)f6 6.0-0 .Q.d6 7.Ab2 �c7 S.4)a3 a6 9.c4 cxd4 10.exd4 d x c4 1 1 . 4) x c4 0-0 1 2 . 4) fe5 b5 l3.4) xd6 � xd6 14.a4 b4 15.4)c4 �c7 1 6 . § c 1 Ab7 1 7 . �c2 �f4 1S.g3 �f3 19.4)d2 4) xd4 20. 4) x f3 4) x f3 + 2 1 . Ci!7 h 1 4) d 4 + 2 2 . Ci!7g 1 4) xc2 23. § x c2 §fdS 2 4. .Q.c4 .Q.e4 25.§cc1 Ci!7fS 26.a5 §d2 27.Axf6 g x f6 2 S . §fd1 § a d S 2 9 . § x d 2 § xd2 3 0. .Q. x a6 §a2 31 .-'tfl § xa5 32.f4 .Q.d5 33.§cS+ Ci!7g7 34.§bS .Q.xb3 35.§ x b4 .Q.d5 36.§b2 §a2 3 7 . § x a 2 .Q. x a 2 3 S . Ci!7f2 .Q. d 5 39.Ci!7e3 e5 4o.Ad3 Ag2 41.Af5 Ci!7h6 42.Ad3 Ah3 43 . .Q.b1 .Q.e6,

( 1 1 8) Rubinstein - Leonhardt Ostende (23) June 1 5 , 1 907 Queen's Pawn [D04] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.4) bd2 .Q.f5 4 . e 3 e6 5 . .Q.e2 c5 6 . 4) h4 .Q.g6 7. 4) x g6 h x g6 S.c4 4)c6 9 . c x d 5 .£! x d 5 10.dxc5 .Q. xc5 1 1 .4)c4 �c7 1 2 .h3 §dS 1 3 . �b3 0-0 1 4 . 0 - 0 §d7 1 5 . .Q.d2 §fdS 16.§fd1 4)e5 1 7 . A e 1 4) x c4 1S . .1}. x c4 � e 5 1 9 . § d 3 4) f 6 2 0 . § ad 1 § x d 3 2 1 . § x d 3 § x d3 2 2 . .1}. x d 3 4) d 5 23.Ac4 .£! b 6 24.Af1 Ad6 25.g3 �d5 26.�xd5 4) xd5 27.Ag2 Ci!7fS 2S.Ci!7fl Ci!7e7 29.e4 4)c7 30.Ac3 e5, Draw

Draw

( 1 1 7) Bil/ecard - Rubinstein Ostende (22) June 1 4, 1 907 Philidor [C4 1 ]

( 1 1 9) E. Cohn - Rubinstein Ostende (24) June 1 7, 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D40]

1 .e4 e 5 2.4)f3 d6 3.d4 4)d7 4.Ac4 c6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.c3 4) gf6 7.§e1 0 - 0 S . 4) bd2 e x d4 9 . 4) x d4 .£lc5 10.a4 §eS l l .f3 d5 12.exd5 4) xd5 1 3 . 4) e4 4) b 6 14 . .Q. a 2 4) x e4 15.fxe4 c5 16.�h5 §fS 17.4)f3 Ae6 1S . .Q. xe6 fxe6 19.Ag5 �eS 20. � x eS § a x eS 2 1 . .1}. x e7 § x e7

1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 c5 4.e3 4)f6 5.4)f3 4)c6 6.Ad3 dxc4 7.,1l x c4 a6 S.0-0 cxd4 9.exd4 Ae7 10 . .1}.f4 0 - 0 l l . § c 1 b5 1 2 . .Q.d3 4) b4 13.Ab1 Ab7 14.Ae5 §cS 15.�e2 �d7 1 6 . § fd 1 4) bd 5 1 7 . 4) e4

86

1 907 4)xe4 18.'{�t xe4 �f6 19:�h4 § xc1 20.§ xc1 §c8 21 .§d1 h6 22.'li1/g3 �d5 2 3 . � d 2 �c6 2 4 . f3 � e 8 25. �f2 �d6 26.§e1 Af8 27.a3 a 5 28.�e4 b4 2 9 . � x d 6 Jl, x d6 30.�g3 Jl, x e 5 3 1 . d x e 5 b x a 3 3 2 . b x a 3 � c 5 + 3 3 . �f2 � x a 3 34. Jl,e4 Jl, x e4 3 5 . f x e4 � c 5 36 . � x c 5 § x c 5 3 7 . �f2 § x e 5 38.§a1 § x e4 39.§xa5 g5 40.�f3 §f4+ 4 1 . �e3 �g7 4 2 . § a 7 h 5 43.g3 §b4 44.§a2 �g6 45.�f3 \tlf5 46.§a7 §b3+ 47.�f2 §b2+ 48.\tlgl f6, 0-1

35.El xc6 axb4 36.axb4 El d4 37.b5 E\ xf4 38.b6 El b4 39 . El c8+ '!te7 4 0 . El c7 + '!IdS 4 1 . El xf7 El xb6 42.Elxg7, winning. 3 l . � x c 6 � x c6 3 2 . § x c 6 § x c6 33.§ xc6 a 5 34.�e3 e5 3 5 . §c8+ �e7 3 6 . §c7 a x b4 3 7 . a x b4 f5 3 8 . h4 §e4+ 3 9 . � d 3 § x b4 40 . § x d7+ �e6 4 t . § a 7 § x h4 42.§a6+ �e7 43.Ab3 §d4+ 44.�e3 §e4+ 45.�f3 §f4+ 46.�g3 §g4+ 47.�h3 §b4 48.Jl,a2 §b2 49.f3 E! d 2 5 0 . A b 1 g6 5 t . �g3 f!d7 52 ..Q.a2 �f8 53.§e6 §e7 54.§c6 e4 5 5 . �f4 e x f3 5 6 .g x f3 �g7 57.Jl,e6 §a7 58.Ad5 §e7 59.�g5 §d7 60. Jl,c4 §e7 6 t . § d 6 §c7 62.Jl,d5 §e7 63.§d8 h6 64.�f4 §e1 65. §d7+ �h8 66.Ac4 §c1 67.§c7 §e1 68.Af7 �g7 69.-'l.eS+ �f6 70.§c6+, 1-0

( 1 20) Teichmann - Rubinstein Ostende (25) June 1 8, 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D6 1 ] 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 �f6 4.Ag5 4)bd7 5.e3 Ae7 6.�f3 0-0 7.�c2 c5 8.§d1 �a5 9.Ad3 §e8 10.0-0 cxd4 l l .exd4 dxc4 12.Jl,xc4 �f8 1 3 . � e 5 Jl,d7 1 4 . � d 2 § ac8 1 5 .Ab3 � a 6 1 6 . §fe1 Jl,c6 17.� x c6 b x c6 1 8 . � e 2 � x e 2 19 . § x e 2 � d 5 2 0 . � e4 .il x g 5 2 1 . � x g 5 � f6 2 2 . § c 2 § ed8 2 3 . � f3 � 6d7 2 4 . § d c 1 � b8 25.Aa4 §d6 26.b4 a6 27.�fl §c7 28.a3 �fd7 29.�e2 �f8 30.�e5 § x d4

( 1 2 1 ) Rubinstein - W. Cohn Ostende (26) June 20, 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D32] 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 c5 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . � f3 �c6 6 . Af4 c x d4 7.� x d4 .ilb4 8.e3 A xc3+ 9.bxc3 � x d4 1 0 . � x d4! � f6 l l . Jl, b 5 + Ad7 1 2.�e5+ �f8 13.Ad3 .11,c6 1 4 . 0 - 0 �e7 1 5 . �d4 � h 5 16.§fe11 f6 17.h3 �f7 18 . .ilh2 g6 19.e4 §he8

Here 30 . . . 4Jxe5 is met by 3 1 .dxe5 Eld5 32.f4 a5 33 . .,Q,xc6 4Jxc6 34.El xc6 El xc6 87

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 20.E!e2! dxe4 21.dlc4+ ctig7 22.g4 !!adS 23. �e3!

2 5 . � x d5+ ctih8 26. E! x f8+ � x f8 27.E!xc7, 1-0

If 23 . �xa7?! , then 23 . . . f5 ! 24. gxh5 �g5 + 25 .«t'fl e3, and Black has pow­ erful counterplay.

( 1 23) Rubinstein - Sa/we Ostende (28) June 1 907 Queen 's Pawn [D02]

23 ... b5 24.Jtb3 �b7 25.gxh5 E!d3 26.h6+ ct;hS 27.�f4 E!f3 28.�d6 �c8 29.E!e3 �f5 30. � xc6 �g5+ 31 .dlg3, 1-0

1 .d4 d5 2.dlf4 e6 3.e3 c5 4.c3 .£lc6 5 . .£lf3 j}.d6 6.Jtg3 .£)f6 7 . .£)bd2 �e7 8 . .£)e5 dl x e5 9 . d x e 5 .£ld7 10 . .£)f3 f6 l l .exf6 .£l xf6 1 2 . .£l e5 0-0 13.Jtd3 Jtd7 14 . .£) xd7 � x d7 1 5.0-0 e5 16.e4 d4 17.cxd4 cxd4 1 8 . E! c 1 � d 6 ? 1 9 . � b 3 + ct;hs 2 0 . � x b7 .£) b4 2 1 . dl x e 5 � x e 5 22.�xb4 .£)g4 23.f4! E! x f4 24.g3 E!f6 2 5 . �b5 E!b6 26. �d7 �e6 2 7 . � x e6 E! x e6 2 8 . dlc4 E!e7 2 9 . E! fd 1 .£) f6 3 0 . E! x d4 .£) x e4? 31.dld5, 1-0

( 1 22) Znosko-Borovsky - Rubinstein Ostende (27) June 1 907 Four Knights [C48] 1 .e4 e5 2 . .£) f3 .£)c6 3 . .£lc3 .£) f6 4.dlb5 a6 5.Jt xc6 d x c6 6 . .£) x e5 .£) x e4 7 . .£) x e4 �d4 8.0-0 � x e5 9 . E! e 1 Jte6 1 0.d4 �f5 l l . ltg5 jtd6?!

Carlsbad

Following on the heels of his success at O s t e n d e , R u b i n s te i n ' s w i n at Carlsbad added to his growing reputa­ tion. Carlsbad, the present-day Karlovy Vary, was a frequent host to high level tournaments. Rubinstein played there four times, placing equal 2nd in 1 9 1 1 , a disappointing equal 1 2th in 1 923, and 4th in 1 929. Better is 1 1 . . .h6 first.

Rubinstein had the bye in round one.

12.g4! �g6?

( 1 24) Rubinstein - Nimzovitch Carlsbad (2) 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D32]

L o s e s . I n stead, Keres suggests 1 2 . . .�d5!?, and if 1 3 .lH6 then 1 3 . . . 0-0.

Notes by Hoffer (H), Nimzovitch (N) and Authors (A).

13 .f4! f5 14 . .£) x d6+ c x d6 1 5 .d5! 0-0 1 6. E! x e6 �f7 17.�e2 fx g4 1 8 . � x g4 c x d 5 1 9 . E! a e 1 E!ac8 20.�g2 �f5 21.dlh6 E!c7 22.E!e7 E!f7 23. E!e8+ E!fS 24. E! 1e7 �f6

1 .d4 d5 2 . .£)f3 e6 3.c4 c5 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . .£l c 3 .£)c6 6 . dlf4 c x d4 7 . .£) xd4 Ab4 8.e3

88

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1 . Rubinstein

1

Carlsbad 1 907 August 20 - September 17

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 16 ... c4 17.Ae2 a5! 18.§fdl �b4 1 9 . Etd4 § fd8 2 0 . §cd l §d7 2l.Af3 §adS

(H) The following variation might be useful to the student: 8 A jdb5? d4 9.<£lc7+ 'l;1xc7! 10 . .!lxc7 dxc3 and Black W ill S .

8 ... .£)f6 9 . .£) xc6

(H) Obviously, 9 . .!lb5 would have been better. (A) Recent theory considers that 9 . .!lb5 leads to an equal game. 9 ... bxc6 10.Jld3

(A) ECO gives this move as deserving attention, crediting Keres who pro­ posed it in Informant #1 9. Here it gets a practical test almost 70 years before !

(N) This well-knit position with its ex­ traordinary economy and ideally posted forces is akin to a Greek work of art. Nothing should have been changed in thi s position steeped in perfecti on. 22.'it'fl 'it'f8 23 .'it'gl 'it'g8, etc., with a draw, would have been a fit conclusion to the game.

to ... o-o n.o-o Ad6 t2.Ag3

(H) 1 2 . .!lg5 would be answered with 1 2 . . . §. b8 1 3 .b3 .!le5 14.§.cl 'l;1d6 with a good game.

22 . .£)bl?

1 2 . . . Jl x g3 1 3 . h x g3 c5 1 4 . § c l Ae6 15.�a4?!

(N) This upsets the balance and leads to the disruption of White 's game.

(H) Black's center pawns being too strong, 1 5 .e4 might be suggested. If 15 . . . d4, then 1 6.<£la4 would be a valid reply. In any case the center pawns would be removed, which seems the first consideration at this stage. (A) It seems that after 1 5 .e4! White stands better.

22 ... §b8 23.§ 1d2 � x a3 24 . .£) xa3 <;tlf8 25.e4

(H) The destruction of the center in the e l ab orate way i n the text was Rubinstein's main object, and this he carri e s out c o n s i stently. Good generalship. But to have allowed such establishment in the first instance is bad generalship.

1 5 ... �b6 16.�a3?!

(H) Rubinstein had the alternative scheme of compelling the advance of Black's c-pawn, another way of weak­ ening the center, especially if he could play eventually
25 . . . d x e4 2 6 . § x d7 .£) x d7 ! 2 7 . A x e4 .£) c 5 2 8 . §d4 .£) x e4 2 9 . § x e4 Et x b 2 30 . .£) x c4 § b4 ! 3 1 . .£) d 6 § x e4 3 2 . .£) x e4 A x a 2 33 . .£)c3 Ac4 34.f4 <;tle7 3 5.<;tlf2

90

1 907 �e7 S . 4) e 5 A x e5 9 . d x e 5 4) d 7 1 0 . .£l f3 � d s 1 t . A d 3 �b6 1 2.�e2 e4 13.Ae2 4)e5 14.4)d2 Ad7 1 5 . 0 - 0 �e7 1 6 .e4 �b6 1 7 . Af3 4)e7 1 8 . §. fd 1 §.eS 19.exd5 exd5

'it'd6 3 6 . � e 3 �e5 37 .g4 �b4 38.�d4 Ab3 39.g5 a4 40. 4) b 1 Ae6 4 t .g3 � b 3 4 2 . 4) e3 a 3 43.�d3 g6 44.�d4 �e2, 0- 1

( 1 25) Vidmar - Rubinstein Carlsbad (3) 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D40] 1.d4 d5 2.e4 e6 3.4)e3 e5 4.4)f3 4:)e6 5.e3 4) f6 6.a3 4) e4 7.�e2 4:) xe3 8.� xe3 exd4 9.exd4 dxe4! 10.A xe4 Ae7

20. A x d 5 ! 4) x d 5 2 1 . 4) x e4 �e6 2 2 . 4) d6 + �fS 2 3 . 4) x eS A x eS 24.e4 4)b4 25.�e3 4)e6 26.�a3 b6 2 7 . §. d 6 �eS 2 S . §. a d 1 a 5 2 9 . §. x e6 � x e6 3 0 . §. d S + �e7 3 1 . §. x hS �e4 32.h3 Ab7 33.f3 �xe4 34. §. x h7 g6 35.Ah4+ �d7 3 6 . �e 3 A d 5 3 7 . � x e4 A x e4 3S.b3 Ad5 39.Af2 �e6 40.Axe5 � x e5 4 t . §.h4 b5 4 2 . �f2 b4 43.�e3 a4 44.bxa4 Jl,xa2 45.�d2 Ae4 46.a5 Aft 47.§f4, 1-0

gives this sequence of moves as Black's only path to equality in this variati on without giving credit to Rubinstein for his exact play.

ECO

u . o-o o-o 1 2 . Ae3 Ad7 1 3 .b4 §.eS 14.�d3 .1l,f6 1 5 .§.ae1 4) e7 1 6 . 4) g 5 4) f 5 1 7 . 4) e4 Jl,e6 1S.§.fd 1 4) d6 1 9 . 4) x d6 � x d6 20.b5 Ad5 21.Axd5 exd5 22. �b3 Ae7 2 3 . a 4 �e6 2 4 . � d 3 §. x e 1 2 5 . §. x e 1 §. e S 2 6 . §. x eS+ � x eS,

( 1 27) Janowsky - Rubinstein Carlsbad (5) 1 907 Four Knights [C49] Notes by Kmoch. l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)e6 3 . .£l e3 4) f6 4.Ab5 Ab4

Draw

( 1 26) Rubinstein - Dus-Chotimirsky Carlsbad ( 4) 1 907 Queen 's Pawn [D02]

Rubinstein had not as yet discovered 4 . . . 4Jd4!, a well-known variation named after him.

1.d4 d5 2.Af4 e6 3.e3 Jl,d6 4 . .ilg3 4)f6 5.4)d2 e5 6.e3 4)e6 7.4)gf3

5.0-0 0-0 6.d3 A xe3 7.bxe3 d6

91

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 8.Ag5 'it!e7 9.'if1d2 �d8 10.-'tc4 Ae6 1 1.-'tb3 Axb3 12.axb3 �e6 13.Ah4 h6

30.fl xf3 fl xf3 3 1 .<£\xf3 e4, etc. should wm. 25 ... �h8 26.c4 �g81

If 13 . . . <£\f4 White might sacrifice a pawn for a strong attack thus: 14.<£\d4 exd4 1 5 .'lii' xf4 dxc3 16.flae l , threaten­ ing 17.'lii'e 3, to be followed by 18.f4! Black could maintain the pawn at a grave disadvantage in position.

If 26 . . . flh5 White can prevent the en­ trance of the knight into d4, thu s : 27.'lii'fl ! <£\f5 28.flf3 followed b y 29.c3. 27.f3 �f6 28.E!fl � xe4 29.'if1xe4

Apparently White has overcome the perils of the mid-game. What can now happen to him in a position as simple as this? To this question the next two moves of Rubinstein offer a menacing answer.

14.E!fel a6 15.Ag3?

White should play 1 5 .d4. 15 . . . � h 5 1 6 .d4 � ef4 1 7. Jl x f4 � xf4 18.g3 �g6

29 . . . 'it!d8!

Black has indeed been compelled to vacate the excellent square of the knight, but the Moor has performed his duty. The position of the white king has been weakened and an attack by .. .f5 is threatened.

A v e ry strong and subtle m o v e . Rubinstein recognizes that the queen can force entry only from the other wing. 30. 'it!g4 'it!b8!

1 9 . 'it!d3 'it!e6 2 0 . � d 2 f5 2 1 .d 5 'it!d7 22.exf5 E! xf5 23.�e4

Quite overwhelming! The queen now takes up a strong posi ti on on the queen 's wing.

The position of the knight offers some compensation for the opponent's pos­ session of the f-file. In spite of this, Black obtains the initiative for the weakening g3 cramps White 's style appreciably. [Authors: In our opinion the position is equal .]

3 1 . �g2 'itJ a7 3 2 . E!fel 'itJ c 5 3 3 . 'it!e4 'it! b 4 3 4 . E! l e 2 E! 5f6 35.'it!d3 �g8 36.'it!c3 a5 37. 'it! x b4 axb4 38.c3 bxc3 39.E! xc3 E!a8

23 ... E!af8 24.E!e3 �e71 25.E!dl

The pawn at d5 must be protected in order to increase the mobility of the white queen. But 2 5 . c4 would have been a decisive m i stake : 25 . . . fl h 5 26.'lii'fl (or 26.f3 <£\f5 27.fleel <£\d4 followed by . . . 'lii'h 3) 26 . . .<£\f5 27.flc3 <£\d4 2 8 . f3 fl hf5 2 9 . <£\d 2 <£\ x f3 +

92

Spielmann, Dus-Chotimirski, Tarrasch and Olland.

Neustadt!, Drobny and Marshall; Standing L-R Nimzovitch, Wolf, Mieses, E. Cohn, P. Johner, Leonhardt, Salwe, Vidmar, Berger,

Carlsbad 1 907: seated L-R, Rubinstein, Marco, Fahndrich, Chigorin, Schlechter, Hoffer, Tietz (the sponsor), Maroczy, Janowsky,

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 40.h3?

7 6 . §c8 Etf3 7 7 . § c 6 78.§ x b6 §f3, 0-1

The sole counterplay lay in 40.c5 ; e.g., 40 ... 1"\aS 4 1 .b4 l"l a4 (41 . . .1"\bS 42.l"lc4) 4 2 . b 5 ! with the threat 4 3 . b6 cxb6 44.c6! , or 40 ... l"la3 4 1 .cxd6 cxd6 42.f4 e x f4 4 3 . g x f4 l"\ x f4 4 4 . l"l e 7 l"l a 2 + 45 .�g3 l"lff2 46.l"lcc7, etc.

§ x h3

( 1 28) Rubinstein - Tartakover Carlsbad ( 6) 1 907 Slav [0 1 1 ] 1 .d4 d5 2 . .£1{3 c6 3.c4 dxc4 4.e3 b5?1 5.a4 Ab7 6.b31 cxb3 7.axb5 e6 8 . � x b3 Ad6 9 . .£J bd 2 .£! e7 1 0 . .£J e4 0 - 0 1 1 . .£! x d6 � x d 6 12.Aa3 �c7 13.§c1 §e8 14.Ad3 .£l d 5 1 5 . 0 - 0 � a 5 16 . .£J e 5 §c8 1 7 . § c 5 �d8 1 8 . § fc 1 c x b5 1 9 . § x c 8 A x eS 2 0 . � c 2 b4 2 1 . A x h7 + f8 2 2 . � x c8 .£! c 6 23.� xc6 bxa3 24.Ae4 a2 25.f1 g8 26.A xd5 exd5 27.�a6 �b6 28. � x a2 �b5+ 29.g1 a5 30.§c5 �b4 3 l . h 3 a4 3 2 . � x d 5 § f8 3 3 . .£l x f7 � e 1 + 3 4 . h 2 � x f2 35 . .£lg5+ h8 36. �e4, 1-0

40 . . . b61

Now c5 would require longer prepara­ tion and Black gains time to strengthen his position decisively. 41.g4 §a1 42.§b2 h7 43.b4 g6 44.§bb3

If 44.c5 l"ldl 45 .cxb6 cxb6 46.l"lc6 bS and 47 . . . 1"\ xdS . 44 ... §f51 45.§c2 §h1 46.f4

( 1 29) Duras - Rubinstein Carlsbad (7) 1 907 Four Knights [C49]

There was no adequate defense : the king gets into a mating net, and at least a pawn must be lost. 46 . . . e x f4 47.g x f4 h 5 + 4 8 . g3 §gl+ 49.f2 §g4 50.§f3 §gxf4 5 1 . § x f4 § x f4 + 5 2 . e 3 f5 5 3 . d 3 § f 3 + 54.d4 § b 3 55.§f2+ g6 56.§g2+ h6 57.b5 §f3 5 8 . e4 §f6 5 9 . § a 2 g 5 60.§a7 §f4+1 61.d3 §f7 62.c5 dxc5 63.d6 §d7

Notes by Kmoch. l .e4 e5 2 . .£l f3 .£lc6 3 . .£lc3 .£l f6 4.Ab5 AM 5.0-o o-o 6.d3 Axc3 7.bxc3 d6 8.Ag5 �e7 9.§e1 .£ld8 10.d4 .£le6 l l.Ac1

The bishop 's move leads to an attack­ ing continuation that originated with Teichmann. From the viewpoint of de­ velopment not much is lost as Black, too, must regroup his pieces.

Now it becomes apparent how impor­ tant it was to force the white king onto the queen file by 60 . . . l"lf4+.

ll ... c6 12.Afl �c7 13 . .£lh4 §e8 14.�d3

64 . § x c 7 § x d6+ 6 5 . e4 §d4+ 66.f5 h4 67.§c8 §f4+ 68.e5 c4 6 9 . § h8 + g7 70 . §c8 g6 71.§g8+ h5 72.h3 c3 73.§h8+ g6 74.§g8+ h6 75.§h8+ g7

This square should be left open for the bishop. The proper continuation was g3 94

1 907 4)c6 8.a3 cxd4 9.exd4 Ad6 10.0-0 0-0 l l . §e 1 §e8 1 2 . 4) e 5 A x e5 13.dxe5 4)d7 14. 'lf1h5 h6 15.c4 d4 1 6 . 4) f3 E{d8 17. §e4 f5 18.e x f6 4) xf6 19. 'lf1g6 4)e7 20. 'lfJg3 '{fJ xg3 2 1 . h x g3 4) x e4 2 2 . A x e4 4) c 6 2 3 . A x c 6 b x c6 2 4 . A x d4 a 5 25.Etel §b8 26.Ete3 Aa6 27.a4 Etb7 28.§ x e6 E{ xb3 29.Et xc6 Ab7 3 0 . §b6 Et x b6 3 l . A x b6 § d 1 + 3 2 . � h 2 § a t 3 3 . A x a 5 E{ x a4 3 4 . A b 6 Et x c4 3 5 . 4) d 2 E{ a 4 36.Ae3 Ad5 37.4)b1 E{c4 38.4)d2 §b4 3 9 . A c 5 E{a4 40 . 4) f3 �f7 41.Ae3 �e6 42.�h3 �d6 43.g4 Ae6 44.4)d4 h5 45.4) xe6 h xg4+ 46.�h2 � xe6 47.g3 f!a3 48.Ab6 Et b 3 4 9 . Aa7 � d 5 5 0 . � g 2 g6 51.�fl �e4 52.�g2 f!b5 53.Ae3 g 5 5 4 . A a 7 � d 5 5 5 . Ae 3 � c 4 56.Aa7 f!e5 5 7. .1l,b6 �d3, Draw

followed by f4 and ii;i'f3. t4 . . . Ad7 t 5 .g3 Et ads t 6 . Ag 2 .il,c8 17.f4

Now that Black is fully developed, this attack is less effective. 17 ...exf4 18.gxf4 4)f8 19.f5

A more aggressive continuation would be 19 c4 , for in that event, if 19 . . . 4Jg6 20.4Jxg6 hxg6 2 1 .d5! followed after adequate preparation by posting the queen 's bishop on the long diagonal. .

t9 . . . h6 2 0 . A d 2 4) 8h7 2 t . 4) f3 §e7 22.h4 c5

Threatening c4, which would be deci­ sive as the pawn at e4 would fall. 23.4)h2 E{de8 24.Ete3 b6 25.Af3 Ab7

( 1 3 1 ) Salwe - Rubinstein Carlsbad (9) 1 907 Giuoco Piano [C50]

Again threatening c4. 26.§ae1?

Notes by Kmoch.

An error which leads to a speedy col­ lapse. White's position was not indeed anything to brag about, but after 26.d5 he could still put up a fight.

l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 .Ac4 Ac5 4.4)c3 4)f6 5.d3 d6 6.Ae3 Ab6 7.'lf1d2 Ag4

M o re en terp r i s i n g than the usual 7 . . . Ae6.

26 ... c4 27:{fJe2 A x e4 28.'�g2 d5 29.Ac 1 A x f3 3 0 . 4) x f3 f! x e 3 3 l . A x e 3 §e4 3 2 . 'lf1 h 3 Et g4 + 3 3 . � h 1 § g3 3 4 . '{fJ h 2 4) g4 3 5 . Jlgl 4) x h 2 3 6 . Jl x h 2 '{fJf4 37.4)g1 'lPJ x h4, 0-1

s.4)g5 Ah5

Castling is dangerous because of 9.f3 Ah5 1 0.g4 Ag6 l l .h4, etc.

( 1 30) Rubinstein - Mieses Carlsbad (8) 1 907 Queen's Pawn [005]

9 . f3 h6! 1 0 . 4) h3 'lf1d7 1 1 . 4) f2 4)d4 12.Axd4

l.d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.e3 4)f6 4.Ad3 c5 5.b3 'lf1c7 6.Ab2 a6 7.4)bd2

If 1 2 . 0-0-0 then 1 2 . . . a5 is quite dis­ concerting. 95

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 1 2 ... .1}.xd4 13 . .£!cdl

An awkward move ! White should forthwith have prevented the advance which fo l l o w s . With 1 3 A )fd l and 1 4 . 4Je2, or in the case 13 . . . .1lb 6 is played, 14.4Je3 would have maintained the position. 13 ... d5 14 . .1lb3 0-0-0

With his two bishops and the attack in the center, Black has the superior game. Rubinstein now translates his advan­ tage into victory in exemplary style.

Black now controls the only open file, his knight gains the formidable out­ post of f4 or d4, the end of the battle impends.

1 5.0-0 g5 16.�hl c6 17 . .£lc3 Ag6 18.a4 �b8 19.a5 a6 20 . .£la4 fJc7 2 l.fJb4 fJd6 22.t\'xd6+ E!, xd6

4 0 . E!, b l E!,d2 4 l . E!,bb2 42.E!,xc2 E!.d3 43.E!.b2

E!, x c 2

If 43 . .§ c3? .§d2 44.'it>e3 .§ b2 45 . .§d3 4Jf4 and Black wins.

The e x c h an g e of q u e e n s has not changed the essence of the position. Black retains the advantage.

43 ... �c7 44.c5

23.c3 .1la7 24.,1lc2 .£Jd7 25.E!.ael h5 26 . .£ldl f6 27 . .£le3 E!,d8 28.b4?

[Authors: White was in zugzwang. If 4 4 . 'it> e l h3 ! ; while 44 . .§c2 .§ b3 or 44 . .§ b l .§ d2 or 44 . . . h 3 w ould be ghastly.]

After 28.4Jf5 .ll xf5 29.exf5 c5 B lack has a superior game, but far less so than after the move actually made.

44 . . . �d7 45.g3 h x g3+ 46. h x g3 g4 1 47 . .£l g l .£l g5 4 8 . � e 2 E!. a 3 49.f4 .£l xe4 50.fxe5 fxe5 51 .�fl .£! x g3 + 5 2 . �g 2 .£l h 5 5 3 . E!.f2 .£!f4+ 54.�hl E!.al 55.E!.d2+ �e7, 0-1

28 . . . ,1l x e31 29. E!, x e3 d4 30. E!,eel dxc3 31 . .£! xc3 h4

To prevent a counterattack by 32.h4 if Black replies 32 . . . gxh4 33.f4 .

Played by Rubinstein in outstanding fashion .

32.�gl .£lf8 33.�f2 .£J e 6 3 4. .£le2 .1le81

Threatening 35 . . . c5 with the win of a pawn.

( 1 32) Rubinstein - J. Berger Carlsbad ( 1 0) 1 907 Queen 's Pawn [DOS]

35 . .1lb3 .£Jc7 36 . .1}.c4 .1ld7 37.E!,cl Ae6 38.E!,c2 Axc4 39.dxc4 .£Je6

l.d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 c5 3.e3 e6 4.b3 .£!f6 5 . .1ld3 .£!bd7 6.o-o .1ld6 7.Ab2

96

1 907 0-0 8.�bd2 f1c7 9.c4 eS? 10.cxdS exd4 l l .exd4 � xdS 1 2 . .§c1 �f4 1 3 . � e4 � x d3 1 4 . f1 x d3 Af4 1S . .§c2 b6 16.dxcS � xeS 17.� xcS bxcS 18.fJc3 f6 1 9 . fJ xc5 fJ xc5 20 . .§ x c 5 .1l a 6 2 1 . .§e 1 .§ fc8 22 . .1ld4! .§d8 2 3 . .§aS .1lb7 24 . .§ x a7 ,1l x f3 2 S .g x f3 .§ac8 26 . .1le3 ,1l x e3 2 7 . .§ x e 3 .§ d 1 + 28.Cit>g 2 .§ d 2 2 9 . .§ ee7 hS 3 0 . .§ x g7 + Cit> h 8 3 1 . .§ h 7 + Cit>g8 32 . .§ag7+ Cit>f8 33 . .§d7, 1 -0

after 1 7 .�xb5 axb5 1 8 . El xa8 El xa8 1 9.<£la3 Black can continue effectively with 1 9 . . . �d7. 17 . .§ x a8 .§ xa8 18.�a3 .§aS

(K) After 18 . . . El b8 there would follow 1 9.c4 b4 20.<£lb5, a move impossible with the bishop on d7. 19.c4

(K) This loses a pawn, but the result­ ant position is so favorable that we can hardly refer to the move as a mistake.

( 1 3 3) P. Johner - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 1 1 ) 1 907 Ruy Lopez [C 9 1 ]

19 ... bxc4 20.� xc4 .§ xd5 21.� xd6

Notes by Kmoch (K) and Authors (A).

(K) Not 2 1 .<£lb6 because Black would attain a c l ear advantage for the endgame by 2 1 . . .Elb5 22.
l .e4 eS 2 . � f3 � c 6 3 . .1lbS a6 4.Aa4 �f6 s.o-o .1le7 6 . .§e1 bS 7..1lb3 d6 8.c3 Ag4 9.d4 0-0 10.a4 §e8

2 1 . . . f1 x d6 2 2 . f1 b 8 + 23.fJ xd8+ .§ xd8

(A) Rubinstein's line of play is not given in ECO.

f1d8

(K) Black has indeed a pawn advan­ tage, but because of the separation of the pawns, as well as the bishops of opposite colors, White should have no difficulty in assuring the draw. But Jo h n e r now p l ay s weakly, and Rubinstein on the contrary, with amaz­ ing strength.

n . A d S f1d7 1 2 . d x e S � x d S 13.exdS � x eS 14.� x e S d x e S 15.f1b3

(K) It would be a serious mistake to play 15.f3 �f5 1 6.El xe5?? �c5+ , etc. It is therefore apparent that the plan of de­ velopment initiated by l l .�d5 was at fault. Black is now better developed, has his two bishops and a mobile ma­ jority of pawns on the kings ide.

24.f3?

(K) Instead, 24.f4 would have brought e i th er w e l c o m e s i m p l i fi c a t i o n by 24 ... exf4, or the exchange of rooks : if 24 . . . f6 2 5 . fx e 5 fx e 5 26 . �g5 . Now Black is forced to play 26 . . . Eldl , be­ cause 26 . . . El e8 27.�f4 or 26 . . . El d5 27.Elc1 loses the extra pawn.

15 ... .1ld6 16.axbS axbS

(K) Played without due consideration. The b-pawn now becomes weak, and Black thereby nearly loses all his ad­ vantage. Proper was 1 6 . . . �xb5 ! , for

24 ... Ae6 2S.Cit>f2 .§dS 26.b4

97

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King order, not because of the exchange, but because - as Wagner, the Hamburg master expressed it - Black could do nothing at all thereafter. This threat was actually so strong that in all human probability the well-nigh helpless game o f White w o u l d have been s aved thereby.

(K) Taking from the bishop the excel­ lent post at c3. To be preferred was 26.Ele2. (A) With 26.Ele2 White would prepare the way for .llc l -d2-c3 and would be able to meet 26 . . . Eldl with 27.Eld2. 26 . . . h6

(A) Preparing to mobilize his pawns and grab as much space as possible. (K) Now the white rook is thrust to the wing, and the black rook enters deci­ sively into the thick of the fight.

27.g3 .lld7 28 . .1le3 f5 29.�cl c6 30.�c2 �f7 31.�e2?1

40. � x h 6 � d 3 1 4 1 . �f2 �e3 4 2 . .1l c 5 �e2+ 43 . �g 1 .ll c 4 44.� xc6 .lld 5 45.�d6 .ll x f3 46.h4 e4 47 . .1ld4 �d2!

(K) Playable was 3 l . f4 . The rep ly 3 l . . .e4 was less to be dreaded than the following move. (A) H ere 3 l . f4 ! would have made White 's life much easier, but Johner continues to drift.

(A) Accurate to the end, Rubinstein answers the threat of 48.Elf6+ followed by 49.Elxf6.

31 ... g5 32 . .1lc5 f4

48 . .1le5 e31 49 . .1lxf4 �g2+, 0-1

(K) Now Black has attained the ideal pawn formation.

( 1 34) Rubinstein - Teichmann Carlsbad ( 1 2) 1 907 Queen's Gambit Declined [D5 5]

3 3 . � a 2 .ilf5 3 4 .g x f4 .il d 3 + 3 5 . �e 1 g x f4 3 6 . � a 7 + � g 6 3 7 . �e 7 .Q.b5 38.�e6+ �g7 39 .Q.d6?

Notes by Em. Lasker from Lasker s Chess Magazine (L) Schlechter from Deutsche Schachzeitung 1 90 8 (S), Kmoch (K), and Razuvaev (R).

•

,

1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.c4 4)f6 4 . .1lg5 Ae7 5.4)c3 4)bd7 6.e3 0-0 7:lflc2 b6

(S) The best continuation is 7 . . c5. .

8.cxd5 exd5 9.Ad3 .llb7 10.0-0-0

( S ) Deserving serious attention i s l O.Eldl .

(K) Giving the opportunity for a prob­ lem-like final thrust. 39. El d6 was in 98

1 907 10 ... c5 l l .h4 .§c8

prove his advantage. After 13 . . . bxc5 White has an interesting way to develop the initiative: 14.ilxf6! 4:'lxf6 1 5 . 4:'lg5 h6 (if 1 5 . . . g6 1 6.h5, or 1 6.Ab5 El f8 1 7.h5 with an attack) 1 6.Ab5 (also not bad is 1 6.Axh7+) 1 6 . . . El f8, and now 1 7 . .llc4 or 17 .e4 gives White an advantage.

(S) We ak . The ri ght p l an was counterplay with ... c4, ... a6, ... b5 and . . b4, and it is unclear who will come first. (K) In reference of these open ing moves we can compare Rubinstein's games against Dani uszewski, Lodz 1 9 07 (game #94 ) , and against Teichmann in their match at Vienna in 1 908 (game # 1 78). .

14.4)d4 4)e4?

(L) Black should have played here 1 4 . . . a6 threatening an advance of the queenside pawns, which should have developed a powerful attack. The text move is obviously bad. (K) This opens the queen file, where­ upon White repulses the attack in the center, and quickly secures a decisive advantage. 14 . . . a6 followed by . . . b5 merited a trial . (R) A decisive mistake. Now the posi­ tion opens up, which favors the better developed player - White. Preferable was 1 4 . . . a6. (S) Preferable was 14 . . . 4:'lf8.

(R) Here 12 . . . cxd4 deserves serious attention, but White's next move is not easy to anticipate. Besides, it is also worth noting, after 12 . . . cxd4 1 3 . 4:'lxd4 White has better prospects. 13.dxc51?

1 5 .Q. x e4 dxe4 16.4)db51 .Q.a6 •

(L) Necessary, as 17 .4:'ld6, winning the exchange, was threatened. 17."�a41 -'l_xb5 18.4) xb5

13

.•.

(L) 8¥- a few simple strokes White has not only circumvented the formation of any hostile attack, but his pieces now virtually control the field.

.§ xc5

(S) If 1 3 . . . bxc5 then 1 4 .Axf6 4:'lxf6 1 5.Ac4 is very unpleasant. (K) I f l 3 . . . bxc5 1 4.Axf6 4:'lxf6 1 5 .Af5, threatening 1 6.4:'lxd5 and 1 7.e4. (R) Why not 1 3 . . .bxc5? Against 14.M5, recommended by many annotators, Black has 14 . . . g6 1 5 .Ah3 Elb8, while 14 .Ab5 is answered by 14 . . . El f8 . In both cases it is not easy for White to

18

.••

.Q. xg5 19.hxg5

(K) According to Marco, 19.4:'ld6 with the continuation 19 . . . El ee5 20.4:'lb7 b5 2 1 .�d4 was even stronger. The situa­ tion, however, is not clear if Black re­ plies 1 9 . . . b5. If 20.�d4? .llf6 might

99

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King follow, and 20.�b4 would be followed by 20. . .Ae7 21.4Jxe8 !!cl+. [Authors: This note is repeated in full by Razuvaev. But, instead of 20.�d4 or 20.�b4, White has also 20.�b3!? with interesting and favorable-looking complications.]

(135) Spielmann - Rubinstein Carlsbad (13) 1907 Hungarian [C55] Notes by Schlechter (S), and Janowsky (J).

19 ... Ele7 20.E!d4 �a8 21.b41 Elc8

l .e4 e5 2.4)f3 4)c6 3 . .1lc4 .ile7 4 . 4) c 3 4) f6 5 . d 3 d6 6.h3 4) a 5 7.Jl.b3 4)xb3 8.axb3 0-0 9.0-0 c6

(K) If 2 1 . . .!!xg5, the game would be decided by 2 2 . 4Jc7 �c8 2 3 .!!hdl �xc7 24 .!!xd7 !!xd7 2 5 .!!xd7 �c8 26.�d l .

(J) Deserving of attention is 9 . . . 4Je8!? with the idea of . . .f5 . 10.4)e2 �c7

22.4)d6 b5?

(S) If 22 . . . !!c7 or 22 . . . !!d8, then White wins simply by 23.4Jf5 . (R) A blunder in a difficult position. Correct is 22 . . .!!d8 with a long battle still ahead. For example, 23.4Jf5 !!e5 24.!!xd7 !!xf5 . [Authors: This variation is shown by Kmoch.] White can win a pawn by 23.!!hdl 4Je5 24.4Jxe4, but the position after 24 . . . !!xd4 25 .!!xd4 4Jc6 is not so clear. Interesting is 23.g6!? hxg6 24.�dl 4Je5 25 .!!h3 with an at­ tack. These lines finally lead us to the following variation: 23.4Jf5 !!e5 24.g4 4Jf8 25.1:!c l ! and Black is dominated. For example, 25 . . . 4Je6?! 26.!!xd8 �xd8 27.!!c8!, or 25 . . . El xd4 26.exd4 El e8 2 7 . El c7 ( a l s o good are 2 7 . d 5 and 27.�c6) and White should win.

(S) Bad is the immediate 10 . . . d5? be­ cause of l l .exd5 �xd5 1 2 .4Jc3 and 1 3 . El e l with the advantage. l l .g4 d5 1 2 . 4) g3 Ele8 1 3 . �e2 dxe4 14.dxe4 g6

( S ) Perhaps 1 4 . . . 4Jd7!? 1 5 .4Jf5 4Jf8, followed by . . . 4Jg6, is a preferable plan. 15 . .1lg5 .1le6 16.�e3 a6 17.4)el 4)d7 18.Jl.xe7 E!xe7 19.�h6 Eld8?

(S) B lack should organize his defense by 19 .. .f6!? followed by . . . Elf8. 20.
23.4) xeS!, 1-0

(L) In view of Black's weak position he was quite j ustified in resigning af­ ter losing the exchange. He could not, of course, capture the queen since White would be left with three pieces against the queen: 23 . . . bxa4 24.4Jxe7+ �f8 25.El xd7 and wins. 100

1907

(J) If 23 . . . gxf5 24.gxf5 § dd7 25.�xf6! and White wins.

1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 c5 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . � f3 � c6 6 . Ag 5 Ae7 7.Axe7 �gxe7 8.e3 cxd4 9.� xd4 0-0 10.j},e2 �b6 l l .�b3?

24.gxf5 §d4?

(S) A decisive waste of time. Better defensive chances are offered by the immediate 24 . . . l3dd7!?. 25.§g4 §dd7 26.�c5?1

(S) Stronger is 26.l3agl !. 26... §de7 27.§ag1 �d6 28.�d3 a5 29.h4 �c7 3 0 . § 4g3 § ef7 3l.f41 �e7

(S) There is no defense. If 3 l . . .exf4 32 .<£lxf4 g5 33 .<£lh5 gxh4 34.<£lxf6+ 'it'h8 35 .�xh4 and White has a winning position. 3 2 . f x e 5 f x e 5 3 3 . § g 5 1 � d7 34 .fxg 6 h x g6 3 5 . § x g6 � f6 36.§1g5 � xe4 37.§h5, 1-0

( 136) Rubinstein - Leonhardt Carlsbad ( 14) 1907 Queen's Pawn [DOS] l.d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.e3 �f6 4.Ad3 c5 5.b3 �c6 6.Ab2 b6 7.�bd2 Ab7 8.0-0 Ae7 9.c4 0-0 10.§c1 §c8 l l .�e2 �d7 1 2 . §fd1 Jlf6 13.�fl g6 14.Jlb1 �e7 15.�g3 §fd8 16.e4 � xd4 17.� xd4 cxd4 18.e x d 5 e x d 5 1 9 . � x e7 Jl x e7 20.cxd5 Axd5 21.j},xd4, Draw

(H) A weak move. l l .�b3 is the right continuation. ll ... d4!

(H) A valuable innovation. B lack gets the better development now. 12.exd4 §d8

(A) On the basis of this game, ECO assesses this position as equal. In our opinion, Black already stands better. 1 3 . d 5 � b4 1 4 . Jlf3 � b x d 5 1 5 .,11. x d 5 Jl e 6 1 6 . 0 - 0 � x d 5 17.�a4

(H) Th is is no remedy, but White has none. He fought on a considerable time, but the remainder is of no further interest. 17 �b4 1 8 . �d4 b6! 1 9 . h 3 ? 1 � x d4 20 . � x d4 A d 7 2 1 . � c3 � xc3 22.bxc3 §deS 23.§ac1 §c4 24. § fd 1 § ac8 2 5 . � f3 Jle8 2 6 . §d4 § x c3 27 . § x c 3 § x c3 28.§d8 1it'f8 29.�d4 1it'e7 30.§a8 .•.

(137) Marshall - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 15) 1907 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [032] Notes by Hoffer (H), and Authors (A).

101

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King E!a3 3 1 . .£l f 5 + �f6 3 2 . g4 Jld7 33. .£lg3 E!xa2 34.E!h8 b5 35. .£lh5+ �e7 36.E!xh7 b4 37.E!h8 b3 38.E!b8 b2 39.�h2 .1l,a4 40.4)f4 Ac2 41.4)d5+ �e6 4 2 . 4) c 3 E! a 3 4 3 . E! x b2 E! x c 3 44.E!a2 E!c7 45.h4 �e5 46.�g3 E!c3+ 47.f3 Ae4 48. E!a5+ Jld5 49.g 5 E! x f3+ 50. �g4 g6 5 1 . h 5 E!f4+ 52.�g3 gxh5, 0 - 1

a point better off than the y oung Rubinstein, but the latter had to meet weaker opponents subsequently. With the instinct and j udgment of a veteran, with confidence in his ability to succeed in his remaining games, Rubinstein set out with a determination to draw with Mar6czy. The state of the score would have impelled most play­ ers to take exceptional risks in order to depose his antagonist and take his place. Rubinstein is evidently au fait in all the arts of winning tournaments besides games. An eyewitness thus de­ scribes the attitude of the players at the c o n c l u s i o n of the g a m e : "That Rubinstein was perfectly satisfied with his partial success was apparent from his beaming countenance; Mar6czy looked depressed in proportion."

( 1 38) Rubinstein - Schlechter Carlsbad ( 1 6) 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D40] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.e3 e6 4.c4 4)f6 5 . .£lc3 a6 6.a3 4)c6 7.dxc5 Jlxc5 8.b4 .1l,d6 9.Ab2 0-0 10.E!c1 dxc4 1 1 . .1l,xc4 b5 1 2 . .1l,d3 .£le5!

Forgotten and obviously stronger than ECO 's example: 1 2 . . . .1lb7 1 3.4:Je4 with s l ightly better chances for White, Galakhov-Kozlov, USSR 1 97 1 .

l . e4 e6 2 . d4 d 5 3 . .£lc3 d x e4 4 . 4) x e4 4) d 7 5 . .£l f3 4) gf6 6.4) xf6+

1 3 . 4) x e 5 .1l, x e 5 1 4 . 0 - 0 Ab7 1 5 . � e 2 E!c8 1 6 . E! fd 1 �e7 1 7 . 4) b 1 .1l,b8 1 8 . 4) d 2 E! x c 1 19.E!xc1 E!d8 20.4)f1 4)e4 21 .E!d1 f5 22 . .£l g3 4) x g3 2 3 . h x g3 E!d7 24.Jlc2 �d8 25.E!xd7 '/!txd7,

Under the circumstances White 's tac­ tics cannot be commended. By ex­ changing he not only does not simplify, but actually develops Black's game. It should be Black's business for that rea­ son to find out how to deve lop the knight on d7 . Far p referable would have been 6.4:Jg3 leaving Black's game cramped .

Draw

(139) Maroczy- Rubinstein Carlsbad (17) 1907 French Rubinstein [C10]

6...4)xf6 7.Jld3 c5 8.dxc5 Jlxc5 9.0-0 0-0 10 . .1l,g5

N otes by Lasker in Lasker s Chess Magazine 1 907. The most important game in the tour­ nament, and in many respects the most exciting, was the encounter between the two leaders toward the close. Mar6czy, the hero of many hard fights, was half

White wastes time with this move, which could only be j ustified if fol­ lowed up with Axf6. Instead, 10 .Af4 is much better, for Black cannot reply with 1 0 . . . .1ld6, because of l l .Axd6 �xd6 1 2 .Axh7+ winning the queen.

1 02

1 907 10... .Q.e7 l l.'�e2 'i#/c7 12.E{adl

�g5 26 . .§ g3 � x g6 27 . .§ xg6 .§ cd8 28 .§xh6+ 'iftg8 29 .§h3 Ae4 winning a piece. .

In order to be able to advance the queenside pawns it would have been better to have played 12 . .§ fe l . 1 2... E{d8 13.c4 Jl,d7 14.Jl,d2 E{ac8 15.Ac3 j},eS 16.'i#/c2 h6 17.4:\e5 .£)d7

Black has cleverly anticipated all pos­ sible attacks on the kingside. The posi­ tion is remarkable. The black king is only protected by pawns, and White has considerable force bearing on it, yet nothing tangible can be done. 18.4) xd7 Jl,xd7 If 18 . . . .§ xd7, with the obj ect of dou­ bling , White would reply 1 9 : � e 2 , threatening �e4 with a very promising attack. 19.'i#/e2 j},c6 20.'i#/g4 j},fS 21 .f4

.

21 . . . E{ xd3!

As a means of winning, this sacrifice cannot be recommended. But taking into account that Black realized that his position was getting very difficult, this move is highly ingenious and shows great power of resistance. For the ex­ change versus a pawn B lack has got rid of one of the most dangerous pieces. 22.E{ xd3 j},e4 23.Etd2 If23 . .§g3 then 23 . . . �xc4 24 . .1l.xg7 .ll.f5 25.�h4 .ll. x g7 26.�f6 .ll.g6 and Black should win. 23 ... 'i#/xc4 24.E{fdl Jld5 25.h3

This is an unnecessary defense, as Black does not threaten anything. The proper thing to do would be to play 2 5 . a3 first, and so save thi s pawn . Mar6czy undoubtedly labored under some delusion when he made the sub­ sequent combination. Otherwise he would certainly have acted on the reor­ ganized principle that a player with a superior force should first of all render everything secure. 25 ... f5 26. 'i#/g6

Had White played 25.a3 as suggested, he could have complacently played now 26.�g3. To defend this pawn now and leave the other would not permit many winning chances.

White should play 2 1 ..§fe l , threaten­ ing Af6 with much the better game. It is impossible to give all the combina­ tions that might arise, but as an instance the following will show a possible con­ tinuation showing why 2 1 .Af6 cannot be played at once : 2 l . . . .§ d7 22 . .§ fe l �h8 23.Ae5 �d8 2 4 . .§e3 f5 25.�g6

26 ... 'i#/xf4 27.E{ xd5

This countersacrifice nearly wins. At 1 03

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King the same time, White guards against the sacrifice of a s econd exchang e, to be followed by ...Ad6.

The attempt for an active defense with 37 . ..b4 loses quickly after 38.cxb4 §.c2 (38 ... §.b5 39.'it>d2! §.xb4 40.'it>c3) 39.§.b3 §. xg2 40.b5 axb5 4 l . §. xb5 §. xh2 42.a6 §. h6 43.§.a5.

27 .. :{te3+ 28.�hl exd5 29.'�xf5 §d8 3 0 . § xd 5 � c l + 3 1 . � h 2 Ad6+ 32.Ae5 Ac7

38.b3 §c6?!

Better defensive chances were offered by 38. . . §. c5!?. According to Fine, this continuation leads to a draw after 39.�e4 b4! 40 .cxb4 (if 40.c4 §. xa5 4l .§.d5? §. xd5 42.�xd5 aS 43.�xe5 a4 and B lack wins) 40 . . . §. b 5 ! 4 l . §. c3 §. xb4+ 42 .�xe5 §.b5+ 43.�e4 §. xa5 44. §. c7+ 'it>f6 4 5 . §. a7 §. a 3 , etc . But 39.'it>d2! (instead of 39.�e4) keeps White's advantage.

This innocent-looking move is the only one which draws easily. If 32 . . . .ll x e5+ 33.'{f)'xe5 §. xd5 (otherwise White plays §. d7) 34.'{f)'xd5+ �h7 35.'{f)'xb7 '{f)'f4+ 36.g3 with a pawn to the good, though winning would be remote. 3 3 . § xd8+ Jl. xd8 34. �d7 �g 5 3 5 . Ag3 �e7 3 6 . � xe7 Axe7 37.Ae5 �f7 38.�g3 g6 39.�f4 �e6 40.�e4 h5 4l.b3, Draw

( 1 40) Rubinstein - E. Cohn Carlsbad ( 1 8) 1 907 Queen's Pawn [D02] l.d4 d5 2 ..1}.f4 e6 3.e3 .£)f6 4 . .£)d2 Ad6 5.?:Jgf3 b6 6.Ad3 Ab7 7.0-o 0-0 8.c3 c5 9.?:le5 .£) e4 lO.§el .1}. xe 5 1 1 . .1}. xe 5 .£) d7 12 . .1}.f4 .£)xd2 13.�xd2 §e8 14.Ag3 a6 15.f3 b5 16.dxc5 .£)xc5 17.Jlc2 §c8 18.§adl �g5 19..Q.d6 §ed8 2 0.Jl,xc5 §xc5 2 1.e4 'ltxd2 22.§xd2 §deS 23. a3 dxe4 24. .Q.xe4 Jl,xe4 25.§xe4 �f8 26.§ed4 §c4 27.§d7 §4c7 2 8 . � f 2 �e8 2 9 . §7d6 §c6 30.�e3 §8c7 3l.f4 �e7 32.§xc6 §xc6 33.§d4 §c5 34.a4 f6 35.a5l e5 36.fxe5 fxe5 37.§d3

40.§h3l h6 41.§g3 �f6

After4l . . . g5 42.h4! White gains at least a pawn ; e .g . , 42 . . . §. c8 ( 42 . . . gxh4? 43.§.g6+ and 44.§. xc6 wins) 43.hxg5 hxg5 44 .§. xg5 §. xc3 4 5 . §. xe5+ �d6 46.§.d5+ and 47.§.d3.

White stands clearly better because of his queenside pawn maj ority, possibili­ ties for a passed pawn, and chances to capture Black's weak a6 pawn . -

42.�d5 §e6 43.§f3+ �e7 44.g3l

This threatens 45.§.f5 e4 46.§. f2 and 47.§.e2 winning a pawn, which is not g o o d i m m e d i ately be ca use of 44 ... §.d6+ 45.�xe5 §.d2.

1 04

1 907 44 ... g6 4S .!:!e3 gS 49.cS e4

Or 49 . . . �g4 50.§e3 �f5 5 l .c6 § d8+ 52 .�c5 �e6 53.c7 followed by �c6�b7 . SO.h4+ g4 S l .!:!f4 + f3 S6.!:!e1, 1-0

The last battle between the top two p l ay e r s of t h e R u s s i an e m p i r e . Chigorin died January 25th the fol­ lowing year. ( 1 4 1 ) Chigorin - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 1 9) 1 907 French Exchange [CO l ] l.e4 e6 2.d4 dS 3.exdS exdS 4.4)f3 4)f6 s.Ad3 Ad6 6.o-o o-o 7.-'lgS Ag4 8 . 4) bd 2 4) bd7 9 . c 3 c6 10.�c2 t}/c7 1 1 .h3 Axf3 12.4) xf3 §fe8 1 3.!:!fe1 Af4 14.g3 A x gS lS.4) xgS h6 16.4)f3 �d6 17.4)h4 § x e 1 + 18.!:!x e 1 !:!eS 1 9 . !:! x e8+ 4) xe8 20.t}/e2 g 2 �d 2 24.�e 2 � x e 2 2 5 . A x e 2 4) b6 26.b3 4)c8 27.Ad3 4)cd6 28.4)e3 4)c7 29.f3 e7 30.e2 f6 32.f4 4)e6 33.4)g2 g6 34.h4 h5

"Having made his move in this barren position Rubinstein offered Chigorin a draw"-Kmoch and Reinfeld in Chess Review, 1 950 (p. 9).

explained by the Russian master's well­ known avers i o n to draw s . Now Rubinstein carefully converts his extra pawn into a win. 35 ... gxf5 36.g5+ g6 37.e3 f6 38.gxf6 xf6 39.Ae2 f4+ 40.d3 g5 S2 . .Q.e6 4)g6 53.Jl.h3 4)e7 54 . .Q.d7 4)g6 s 5 . Ab s 4':lf8 5 6 . Af 1 g4 57 . .Q. e 2 + g 5 5 8 . A f 1 g5 6o . .Q. f 1 4) g6 6 1 . A h 3 4) e7 6 2 . .Q.d7 4) g6 63.-'tes h4 64.Ad7 f3 65 .Ah3 4) f4 66.e6 4) x h 3 67.e7 f2 68.e8 t}J f1 t}J, 0-1 =

=

( 1 42) Rubinstein - Olland Carlsbad (20) 1 907 Queen's Pawn [002] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.e3 4)c6 4.a3 f5?1 5.dxc5 e6 6.b4 4)f6 7 . .Q.b2 Ae7 8.4)bd2 0-0 9.Ab5 aS 10.0-0 a x b4 1 1 . A x c 6 b x c 6 1 2 . a x b4 Aa6 1 3 .!:!e 1 4) e4 14 . .11.e S Af6 1 5 . 4) b3 A x e S 1 6 . 4) x e 5 t}/h4 1 7 .g3 t}/h3 1 8 .�f3 g5 1 9 .�g2 �h S 2 0 .f4 g x f4 2 l . e x f4 Jl b 5 2 2 .4}d4 4) c 3 2 3 . 4) e x c6 4) e 2 + 24 . 4) x e 2 !:! x a 1 2 S .!:! x a 1 A x e 2 2 6 . 4) d 4 Ag4 2 7 . h 3 1 A x h 3 2 8 .�e 2 Ag4 2 9 . t}/ x e6 +
An instructive encounter. 3S.fS?

While many tales of Rubinstein are nothing more than myth, the following seems to have some basis in reality.

This move, as opposed to 35 .g5+ which would have drawn easily, can only be 1 05

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King able I 0-9. It was not too implausible to hope that he might beat Rubinstein. Yet this hope was silly in view of Wolf's style and temperament: excelling in steadiness, Wolf, despite his ferocious name, almost loathed imagination and courage.

The tale is told by Hans Kmoch and Fred Reinfeld in the October 1 950 is­ sue of Chess Review, pp. 299-30 1 : "Af­ ter the twentieth (last but one) round, Mar6czy, with a score of 1 3 Y2-5Y2, was ahead of 1 9 of the 2 1 participants. Most of the chess fans present hoped that he might win the first prize by coming out victorious in his last-round game. This desire was rooted not only in Mar6czy 's well-established fame and the dignified manner for which he was noted, but also in their intensely patriotic attitude; for Mar6czy, like Carlsbad, represented the Austro-Hungarian monarchy.

"As he was a representative of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, however, and a close friend of Mar6czy as well, Wolf was well aware of the honorable task which confronted him, and a mi­ raculous courage suddenly inspired him with the conviction that he was going to beat 'that Polish upstart. '

"Unfortunately, level-headed critics had to admit that Mar6czy 's winning chances were rather dim, for the young Polish player, Rubinstein, who had be­ come a master only two years earlier, was a clear point ahead of the Hungar­ ian grandmaster. To win the first prize, Rubinstein needed only to draw. And, even if Rubinstein lost, the worst that could happen to him would be a tie for first prize. But Mar6czy 's fanatical par­ tisans would have been happy to see hi m tie for first pri ze.

"Mar6czy was of course delighted with this attitude. The night before the last round the two friends and compatriots had a long talk, in the course of which they happened to use a chessboard. When they parted, Wolf had so far out­ grown his normal proportions that he solemnly promised to beat Rubinstein. "A good night's sleep is a blessing . Ask any man who frequently drinks more than he should, and he will tell you. The feeling of being reborn is wonderful.

"To bring about a tie, two things were necessary. First, Mar6czy had to beat Janowsky. This was not too difficult: it had happened several times previously, and Mar6czy was confident that it would happen again. (It did happen, in a bri l l i ant game in which Mar6czy played the flashy Meller Attack in the Giuoco Piano and rocked Janowsky back on his heels.) Much more diffi­ cult, however, was the second require­ ment: Wol f had to beat Rubinstein . True, Heinrich Wolf was a player of better than average strength. His score after the twentieth round was a respect-

"Presumably, Heinrich Wolf took no alcohol that night before the last round, but he had a very refreshing night's sleep, and the next morning he felt re­ born - alas, as the Heinrich Wolfhe had always been. After ten moves or so, he intimated that he would not be averse to a draw. "Rubinstein should have accepted and thus made sure of the first prize with­ out any further r i s k . Every other chessmaster would have done it - prob­ ably with the exception of Janowsky,

1 06

1 907 who could never resist a gamble, and cert a i n ly w i th the e x c ep t i o n o f Capablanca, who had a habit o f antici­ pating such offers with a still earlier bid of his own. "But Rubinstein refused the draw ! ! The tournament room buzzed with excite­ ment. "It soon became evident that Rubinstein was not crazy. He steadily strengthened his position unti l , at move 2 4, he reached a position in which he had a forced win. While he studied his next move a little longer than was his cus­ tom, the news spread through the play­ ing room that Rubinstein was about to win. There was a little combination available which was cute as it was ob­ vious. The kibitzers rushed over to watch Wolf being slaughtered. "But this time they were again disap­ pointed. Instead of play ing the antici­ pated 24. . §h5, Rubinstein astounded everyone by playing 24 ... .ila6. 'But why? Let's see: his move must be even stronger.' Rubinstein gave the kibitzers no time to check. Two pairs of pieces were quickly exchanged, bang, bang, and a little later there was a draw by repetition of moves. At move 3 1 , the game was over: draw ! 'Incomprehen­ sible ! ,' the kibitzers muttered and grumbled. 'I told you he's crazy !' .

then did you refuse his offer of a draw in the first place?' "Rubinstein laughed. 'Because . . . with Wolf I make a draw when I want to not when he wants to !' "And that is how unreason triumphed over Rubinstein's fabulous self-disci­ pline." Here is the game: ( 1 43) Wolf- Rubinstein Carlsbad (21) 1 907 French Rubinstein [C 1 0] l .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.�c3 dxe4

This move, which has recently become popular again, was a great favorite of Rubinstein's. It has the merits of solid­ ity and versatility (it can be played against both 3.4Jc3 and 3 .4Jd2). 4.� xe4 �d7 5.�f3 �gf6 6 . .1l.d3 ,ile7 7 . 0 - 0 � x e4 8 . .1l, x e4 � f6 9.Ad3 0-0 10.c3 b6 l l :�·e2 .1l.b7 12.�e5?1

If Wo l f was determ i n e d to draw, 12 .ila6 was a better way to go about things. .

12 ... -(td5 13.f3

Here 1 3 .f4 was a more aggressive way to answer the mate threat.

"As he left the table, Rubinstein was stormed with questions from all sides. 'Didn't you see the win? It was so easy !' "Rubinstein smiled. 'Yes, of course I saw the win. But I needed only a draw !'

1 3 . . . c 5 1 4 . .1l.e3 c x d4 1 5 . .1l, x d4 .1l.c5 1 6 . ,il x c 5 � x c 5 + 1 7 . 'it> h l §ad8 18.§fel §d6 19.�c2 §fd8 20.§adl g6 21.�c4 §6d7 22.�e5 §d5 23.b4? �c7 24.�c4

"'Only a draw?! Nonsense ! But why

Reinfeld and Kmoch point out that af1 07

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King ter 24.f4 b5 25.c4 bxc4 26 . .1lxc4 § xd l 2 7 . § x d l § x d l + 2 8 . � x d l 4Jd5 Rubinstein could be counted on to win the ending. 24 ... .1}.a6?

It's hard to criticize a move that wins the tournament (i.e., forces a draw) but Black could have won with 24 . . . §h5 2 5 . h 3 ( 2 5 . g 3 �xg3 2 6 . .1le4 § x d l 2 7 . § x d l 4:\ x e 4 2 8 . fx e 4 .ll x e 4 + ) 25 . . . 4Jg4!! (another strong continuation is 25 . . . .1lxf3 26.gxf3 § xh3+ 27.�gl § g3+ 28.�hl �f4 but of course the text is simpler) 26.fxg4 § xh3+ 27.�gl �h2+ 28.�fl �hl + and mate the next move. 2 5 . 4) b 2 .1}. x d3 2 6 . .§ x d 3 .§ x d3 27 . 4) x d3 �c4 2 8 . 4) e 5 �c7 29.4)d3 �c4 30.4)e5 �c7 31.4)d3 �c4, Draw Rubinstein-Salwe Lodz 1 907 + 1 2,-2,=8

The third match between the two great rivals from Lodz is clouded in mystery. Many sources list only the 1 903 and 1 904 matches between them, and those that do list a third are usually counting the triangular event between Rubinstein, Salwe, and Marshall from Lodz 1 908, when Akiva beat his coun­ tryman +3,- 1 ,=4. That there was a third match between these two players in 1 907 is certain but after that nothing is absolutely sure. The u s u a l ly re l i ab l e Ks iega Jubileuszowa Lodzkiego Towarzystwa Zwolennikow Gry Szachowej 19031938 gives two different scores for this

match: + 1 2,-2,=5 and + 1 2,-2,=8, both in Rubinstein 's favor. This match seems very strange for sev­ eral reasons. The two previous matches were both quite close with Rubinstein emerg ing only one up in 24 games played. But here he is winning by a marg i n o f p l u s 1 0 . A d m i ttedly, Rubinstein had grown tremendously as a player since 1 904 but his tournament record with Salwe after this match, while favorable, was nothing so one­ sided. Of course, matches sometimes produce surprising results, results that previous tournament meetings would not have predicted. Another question is how they managed to find time to play some 20-odd games. Ostende and C arlsbad, where both Rubinstein and Salwe played, were held from May 1 6-June 25 and August 20-September 1 7 respectively, and the 5th All-Russian Championship in Lodz, where both players again participated, began on December 1 6. Some sources give the match as being held from April to November, which would allowed for it to have been played at an irregular schedule through-out most of the year. A final question is the human one. Con­ sidering its one-sidedness, why did it go on so long, both in terms of the num­ ber of games played or the amount of time it took? There are as many ques­ tions as answers here. Just before the publication of the first edition of this book we received some answers. The Russian chess historian Wladyslaw Povarov found some details ofthe match in the Neue Lodzer Zeitung of 1 90 8 . There it is written that the match for the club championship be1 08

1 907 tween Rubinstein and Salwe was to be played at the rate of one game a week (Thursdays). It also adds that after four games the score was Rubinstein 3 and Salwe I (+2,=2). This information leads to some hypoth­ eses: I) The match really did run from April through November (though the oft-repeated reference to game 1 3 on October 29 means they really had to accelerate the rate of play in Novem­ ber); 2) The score of + 1 2-2, =8 sug­ gests that it might have been a thirty game match in which case Rubinstein, by winning game 22, established an absolute margin of victory (i.e. 1 5 Y2 points or more). The following game is given as num­ ber 1 3 from the match in the Deutsche Schachzeitung 1 908 (pp. 1 8- 1 9). ( 1 44) Sa/we - Rubinstein Lodz (m) October 29, 1 907 Giuoco Piano [C50] Notes by Kmoch (K), Schlechter (S) from Deutsche Schachzeitung, and Authors (A). l.e4 e5 2 .4::\ { 3 4::\ c 6 3 . .Q.c4 -'l.c5 4.d3 4::\f6 5.4::\c3 d6 6 . .Q.e3 Jl_b6 7.0-0?1 Jl.g41? 8.4::\d 5

(S) A weak continuation. 8 ... 4::\ x d5 9.Axd5 0-0 10.h3 Ah5 ll.g4 -'l.g6 1 2.<;flg2

( S) Deserv i n g of c o n s i derat i o n i s 1 2 .1.l.g5!? with the idea of 1 3 .4Jh4. (K) More exact was 1 2 .�h l .

(A) Kmoch has the move order as : 1 2 . . . iije7 1 3.iije2 'it'h8. We use the se­ quence g iven in Deutsche Schachzeitung at the time. 13:�e2 '11/e7 14.a4

(K) White has a difficult game. The position demands f4 and the posting of a knight on f5 . But none of these ob­ j ects is to be attained without greater disadvantages. Hence the nervous ad­ vance on the queenside. Preferable was, however, 1 4 .c3. (A) We think that White stil l has an equal game by playing, for example, 1 4.1.tg5 f6 1 5 .1.l.e3, followed by 4Jh4 and 4Jf5 . Deserving of attention i s 14.1.txc6!? bxc6 1 5 .a4. 14 4::\dS 15.a5 Jl.xe3 .•.

(K) If White believed that it was favor­ able for him to force this exchange, he was grievously mistaken. There are in­ deed many cases in which the capture of the bishop on e3 (or e6) is disad­ vantageous (to the player making the capture), because the open f-file proves useful to his opponent. In the game before us the situation is quite differ­ ent. Clearly White can put the open file to no practical use. Above all, he is con­ fined to defense measures, and because of the-restricted position of his king, he can hope for no advantage from the opening of the game in the center. (A) In our opinion, Kmoch's assess­ ment is exaggerated. The position is still equal - see the notes after White's 1 8th move. 16.fxe3 c6 17.1l.b3 4::\e6 18.c3?

(K) 18.i.l.xe6 would have afforded bet­ ter resistance. 1 09

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (A) The decisive m i stake . B l ack ' s knight should be e l iminated ! After 1 8 . .ll x e6! �xe6 19.4Jh4, or 1 8 .. .fxe6 19.4Jd2 the chances are equal .

�g3+ 35.'it'fl .§ xh2! 36 . .§ xh2 .lld 3+!! 37.�xd3 �xh2 wins.

18

(S) If 34 . .§ dxd2 then 34 . . . .§ h6 35.�e7 �xh2+ (also 35 . . . .§ xh2+) 36 . .§ xh2 f2+ 37.�xe4 fl =Q+ mate ! .

.•.

4)c5! 19.Ac2 d5! 20.exd5

(K) Forced, as 20 . . . dxe4 as well as 20 . . . 4Jxd3 was threatened. (S) Better was 20.4Jd2. 20 ...cxd5 21.4)h2

(K) Neither 2 1 .e4 nor 2 1 .d4 was a sat­ isfactory continuation, but either was far better than the text move.

33 ... �g3! 34. �e7

34 ... E!c8 35.E!fxd2

(K) Now the pawn had to be captured, because after 35 . .§ dfl clearly 35 . . . �xf2 or 35 . . . �g2+ would follow. And if 35 . .§ dxd2 .§cl + leads to a speedy mate; e.g . . 36 . .§f1 f2+ 37.�xe4 �gl + .

2l ... e4! 22.d4 4)d3 23.Ab3

(K) Sti ll worse would be 23 . .ilxd3? exd3 24.�d2 .§ ae8 2 5 . .§ a e l 1.te4+ 26.4Jf3 f5 and resignation is in order. 23 ... E!ad8 24. �d2

(S) If 24.c4? �b4!. 24...f5! 25.c4 f4! 26.cxd5 3 5. . . �el+! 36.E! xel

(S) If 26.exf4 e3!. 26 . . . f3+ 2 7 . <.ti'h l �h4 2 8 . ,1lc4 � xh3 29.,1lxd3 exd3 30.E!f2 ,1le4 31.E!acl E!f6

(S) Threatening 32 . . . .§ h6, followed by . . . �xh2+ and . . .f2 mate.

(K) Or 36.4Jfl .§h6+ 37 . .§h2 (37.�gl f2+) �f2!! and wins. It is remarkable how it all clicks. 36 . . . f2+ 3 7 . � x e4 38.<.ti'g2 � xd2+, 0-1

fxel = �+

( 1 45 ) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz (m) 1 907 King 's Gambit [C30]

32.�b4

(K) If now 32 . . . .§h6? 33.�e7! . Notes by Kmoch. 32 ... d2!! 33.E!cdl l .e4 e5 2.f4 Ac5 3.4)f3 d6 4.c3 4)c6 5 . .1lb5 A_d7 6.d4 A_b6 7.d5

(S) If 33.�xd2 then 33 . . . .§ h6 34.\t>gl 1 10

1 907 4) b8 8 . A d 3 e x f4 9 . A x f4 !z) f6 10.!z)bd 2 .Q.g4 1 l .!z)c4 !z)bd7 1 2.4) x b6 axb6 13.0-0 0-0 14.b4 �e7 15. �c2 Axf3

Here 1 5 . . . h6 followed by . . . 4Je5 was to be considered. 16.gxf3 /Z)e5 17.Ae2 4)g6 18 . .Q.g3 !!fe8

In this and following moves Black lacks decision. 18 . . . h5 should be tried, with the idea of . . . h4 and . . . 4Jh5 . 1 9 . !! a e 1 !! a 3 2 0 . Ac4 21.!!e2 4)h5? 22.f4

!!aa8

After Black has four times passed up the opportunity of . . . h5-h4, etc., White advances against the ensuing weak­ nesses of the black squares ( e5, f4) and soon attains the initiative.

logic of the position, and would sur­ render the laboriously won control of the point e5. 28 . . . �h6 2 9 . E! h 1 dxe5 30.fxe5 �g5 31.�f4?

A thoughtless move, by which White suddenly falls into danger of loss. The proper line was 3 l . Ei e l to be followed by 'lrrf4. 31 ... �xf4 32.gxf4 g6?

It is amazing that a keen tactician like Salwe should overlook the favorable opportunity of 3 2 . . . g5 ! , after which White would have had a hard battle, a draw at best. 33.f3 g7 34.a4 f6 35.e6 E!d8 36.E!d1! h5

If 36 . . . 4Jxe6? 37 . .§ de l ! and wins.

22 ... /Z) xg3 23.hxg3 !z)f8 24.E!fe1 �f6 25.<;flg2 E!e7

37.Ab3 g5 38.f5 E!d6 39.c4 c5

Evidently the black game becomes en­ tirely hopeless if White proceeds with e5 without opposition. As this advance cannot be prevented directly, Black's sole and slim hope lies in bring ing about complications by 25 . . . g5. After 26.e5 'lrrh 6! 27 . .§ h l 'lrrg7 , or 26:i:td2 4Jg6! (27.fxg5? 'lrrg7!), the white king would have no reason to believe him­ self secure. 40.a51 g4+ 41.<;t>f4 !z)d7 42. E!e3 c x b4

26.�d2 E!ae8

27.�d4! <;t>h8 28.e5

A sacrifi c e di ctated by despair. I f 4 2 . . . 4Je5 then 4 3 . .§ xe5 fxe5+ 44.'it>xe5 and Black loses one of his rooks.

Naturally 28.'lrr xf6 would be against the

4 3 . e x d 7 E! x e3 44 . <;t> x e3 b x a 5

Even now 26 . . . g5 was to be considered.

111

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 4S . .1la4 b6 46.�d4 �h6 47.cS bxcS+ 48.�xcS E! x d7 49. .1lxd7 h4 SO.d6 g3 S1 . .1lc6, 1-0

Now 1 2 .d5 is unfavorable, as Black would secure the two bishops.

( 1 46) Sa/we - Rubinstein Lodz (m) 1 907 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [D26]

1 2 ... .1lb7 13.�eS �bdS 14 . .1lg3

Notes by Kmoch.

Somewhat better would be 1 4.�g5 or 1 4.�e3 .

1.d4 dS 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 dxc4

14 ... E{c8 1S.E!ac1 � xc3

Rubinstein is an outstanding expert at this method of play, which was also greatly favored by Steinitz.

Now begins a splendid counter-play, based on the un favorab l e post of White's queen bishop.

4.�f3 �f6 S.e3 cS 6 . .1l x c4 �c6 7.0-0 cxd4 8.exd4

16.bxc3

Play ing White, Rubinstein in such po­ sitions usually captured with the knight. If Black then captures the knight, he gives up one of the pieces needed to block the white center pawn. White will thereupon soon be able to play d5, and attain good play for his pieces. (Com­ pare the game R u b i n s t e i n v s . Tartakover, Marienbad 1 925 ! ) [Authors : That game started out l .c4 e6 2.4Jf3d5 3.d4 4Jf6 4.4Jc3 dxc4 5.e3 a6 6 . a4 c5 7 . �xc4 4Jc6 8 . 0-0 cxd4 9.4Jxd4!? 4Jxd4 1 0 .exd4 �e7 l l .d5! exd5 1 2 . 4J x d 5 4Jxd5 1 3 .�xd5 0-0 14.'1�H3! and White was already better.] 8 ... .1le7 9.Af4

The bishop is better placed at e3 or g5 . 9 ... 0-0 10. �d2 b6 l l . E!fd1

With l l .d5 White can attain complete equality. [Authors : After 1 1 . . . 4Ja5 this is not so clear.]

White does not grasp his opponent's p l a n , e l s e h e w o u l d have p l ay e d 1 6 . .§ xc3. It i s true that black could then have secured the two b i shops by 16 . . . 4Je4 and 17 . . . 4Jxg3 . But relatively speaking, White could have suffered the loss of the wayward son at g3 with few qualms. 16 ... �dSI 17.f4?

White was in difficulties. If he plays 17.f3, after 17 . . . �g5 or 17 . . . b5 he is committed to the exchange on d5, al­ though under somewhat more favorable circumstances, as the bishop at g3 is not obstructed, and the pawn at f3 is more effective and safer. Relatively best was, however, 1 7 . �d3 �g5 18 . .§c2 4Jf4 19.�xf4 �xf4 20 . .§el, etc. 17 . . . bSI 18 . .1l x dS � xdS 19 . .1le1 Elc7 20.a4 f6! 21.�f3 bxa4 22.c4 �e4 23.� xe4

There was no chance of avoiding the exchange of queens because after 1 12

1 907 23.'li¥d2 �a6 would be decisive, since 24.c5 is refuted by 24 . . . �e2. 23 . . . J}. x e4 2 4 . c 5 §b7 2 5 . 4) d 2 Ad 5 2 6 . 4) c4 g6 27 . §c3 § fbS 28.§dc1 Ads 29.�f2 Ac7 30.g3 §b3 3 1 . §e3 �f7 32.§ xb3 axb3 33.�b2 a5 34.§a1 �e7 35.�e3 'it'd7 36.Ac3 �c6 37.�d3 �b5 38.4)a4 g5

Rubinstein's well considered winning procedure is instructive. Precisely at the moment when the white rook is taken up with the protection of the knight, Black opens the file on the king's wing and penetrates with his own rook. 39.fx g 5 f x g 5 40.,1lb2 §fS 4 1 . 4) c 3 + �c6 4 2 . § e 1 §f3+ 4 3 . § e 3 § f 1 44 . 4) x d 5 � x d 5 45.�e2 § h 1 4 6 . § x b3 § x h 2 + 47.�f3 h5 48.Ac3 g4+ 49.�e3 §g2 50.Jl,e1 Axg3 51.Axa5 Af2+ 52.�f4 Jl,xd4 53.�g5 g3 54.J}.b6 e5 5 5 .c6 � x c6 56 . J}. x d4 e x d4 57 . � x h 5 � d 5 5 8 . �g4 �e4 59.§bS §f2 60.�xg3 §f7, 0-1

exd5 5.4)f3 4)c6 6.Ag5

(K) At a later period Rubinstein played 6.g3 exclusively in this position. 6 ...,1le7 7 . .1lxe7 4)gxe7 8.e3 0-0

(R) A few months later, Rubinstein, playing Black against Marshall, contin­ ued 8 . . . cxd4 9.4Jxd4 0-0, etc. with a good game. Today, 8 . . . cxd4 is still con­ sidered Black's best move. (A) See Marshall-Rubinstein, Carlsbad 1 907, game # 1 3 7 . 9.dxc5 �a5 10.Jl,e2 � x c 5 1 1 .0-0 Af5 12.§c1 §adS

(R) Relatively better is 12 .. J'!fd8, but here also after 1 3 .'li¥b3 'li¥a5 14.�fdl � ac8 1 5 .h3 h6 1 6.4Jd4 White has the advantage, Petrosi an-Keres, U S S R 1 95 2 . 1 3 . 4) b 5 �b6 1 4 . � d 2 j}_e4 15.4)bd4 §d6 16.§c3 §g6 17.g3 A x f3

(K) More natural was 17 . . . � d8.

The following game against Salwe is a positional tour deforce and shows how much Rubinstein's play has matured since Kiev 1 903 . There is some possi­ bility that this game may not be from the match but from the Lodz club cham­ pionship played in the first half of the year.

18.J}. xf31

(A) Here 1 8.4Jxf3 might seem more natural but Rubinstein realizes that af­ ter 18AJ xf3 � d8, threatening 1 9 . . . d4, he has nothing better than 19.4Jd4 los­ ing time compared to the text.

{ 1 4 7) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz 1 907 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [032]

1S ... 4) xd4

(K) Apparently securing an advantage, for White also is now left with an iso­ lated queen pawn. Actually one of those positions has arisen in which the bishop is presently stronger than the knight.

Notes by Kmoch (K), Razuvaev (R), and Authors (A). l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 c5 4.cxd5

1 13

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 3 4 . i£i'e4 b3 3 5 . E!.f7 E!.g8 3 6 . e 7 b2 37.E!.xg7! and wins. (R) After 33 .. .f6 34.i£i'e4 i£i'a8 White also wins by 35 .i£i'xa8 E!.xa8 36.E!.b7 E!.e8 37.E!.b6 b3 38.f4 f5 39.g4 fxg4 40.�g3 b2 41 .f5 .

Such subtle, but surprising, reversals frequently occur in Rubinstein's games, and indicate his great mastery. 19.exd4 .§c6 20 . .§el �b4

(A) Trying to stay active. The quieter 20 . . . i£i'd8 would be met by 2 U'l.ce3 4:Jg6 22.�g2 with f2-f4-f5 in the off­ ing. 2 l . .§e51 .§e6

(K) Black now loses a pawn, but his game w a s a l r e a dy i n fe r i o r. I f 2 1 . . .E!.d8 22.i£i'e2 i s very strong . Af­ ter 2 1 . . . i£i'd6, a pawn is lost thu s : 22.E!.ce3 E!.c7 23.i£i'e2 etc . (A) Note that simplify ing also doesn't solve Black's problems 21 . . .E!.xc3 22 .�xc3 i£i'xc3 23 .bxc3 and White is winning material . -

2 2 . Jt x d 5 .§ x e 5 2 3 . d x e 5 4) x d 5 24.�xd5 � x b2

(A) Salwe has succeeded in trading down but Rubinstein's advantage en­ dures. His more active rook and cen­ tral ized queen give him a big advan­ tage. 25 . .§c7 b5 26 . .§ x a7 h6 27.h4 b4 28.Cifi'g2 ciflh8 29 . .§b7 �c3 30.h5 �e1 3 1 . .§e7 �e2 32.�f3 � x a2?

(R) More resistance was offered by 3 2 . . . i£i'xf3 + 3 3 . �xf3 �g8 . White' s best was 34.E!.b7 E!.a8 3 5 .E!.xb4 E!.xa2 36.E!.b8+ �h7 37.E!.f8 with good win­ ning chances. After the text, B lack loses quickly. 33.e6! b3

(K) If 33 .. .f6 the continuation might be

3 4 . � x f7 1 �aS+ 3 5 . cifl h 2 .§g8 36 . .§b7 �e8 37.�f5

(A) There was also nothing wrong with the prosaic 37.E!.xb3. 37 ... �a4 38.�f3 .§e8 39.e7 ciflh7 40. �f8 �c6 4 1 . .§b8 .§ x b8 4 2 . � x b8 b2 4 3 . � x b 2 �e4 44. �a3 �e2 45. �c5 g6 46. �e3 � x h 5 + 47.Cifi'g2 � d 5 + 48. �f3 �g8 49.�c6, 1-0

The following two games were pub­ l i sh e d in Pierwyj almanach Lodzinskogo obszczestwa liubitielej shakhmatnoj igry. The only information offered besides the scores is that they were played in Lodz in 1 90 7 . One guesses that they may have been part o f a s m a l l match h e l d during Przepi6rka's visit to Lodz, but this is only speculation. As to which month in 1 907 they were contested we can only guess, but would hazard the first half of the year as the book was pub­ lished in 1 907. 114

1907 Dawid Przepi6rka (1880-1940) was a man of many talents. A good player (historical Elo 2470), who played third board for the gold medal winning Pol­ ish team at Hamburg 1930, Przepi6rka was also a professional j ournalist who edited Swiat Szachowy in his free time from 1926-193 3. Prz e p i 6rka was among those who helped to form the first Polish Chess Federation in 1926, serving as its vice-president. When the Olympiad was held in Warsaw, he was one of the patrons who made it possible.

probably the only survivor of Jewish orig i n . Przepi 6rka, J. F u x , S . Kre l enbaum and K o z l o w s k i (the endgame wizard) were all gone." He recalls that Wrobel published an article in 1955 (75 years after P's birth) in which he recalled that a makeshift chess club had been organized in a private dwelling and that the Germans made a raid some time in January 1940, arrest­ ing about 10 players. After a week or so, the non-Jewish persons were re­ leased, and P. , according to Wrobel 's statement, was executed in April 1940.

Chess Notes number 687 quotes exten­ sively from a letter from Alexander Goldstein that offers an interesting por­ trait of Przepi6rka. "P. was a round, chubby man with a severe impairment of hearing . . . All his life he was a per­ son of ample independent means . . . In problems he used his qualities to pro­ mote the chess composition, in chess he rather promoted himself . . . P's name means partridge in Polish . . . He had a great liking for old and stale j okes and once he caught you, you had to listen. Marian Wrobel was the closest of his collaborators and as Wrobel 's name also means a bird in Polish (sparrow) one can imagine that this was another source of childish enj oyment for the master who claimed that a partridge is so much more important than a spar­ row. And when someone observed that no one is hunting sparrows, he laughed and considered it the most witty repar­ tee. On the serious side he was an ar­ dent fighter against the admission of Nazi Germany to FIDE . . . Mr. Goldstein left Poland in Septem­ ber 1939 and, upon his return in May 1946, "everything was in ruins. In the domain of chess composition I was

Mr. Goldstei n ' s reminiscences con­ clude: "Now, when I come to think of it, I see how impractical he was. He was so much exposed to the danger and most likely he had the means to escape. What a folly he committed by staying there, and how to explain it? Was he lured into false security by the image of the Germans he knew from his stu­ dent days? But he knew and fought the Nazis. Or, probably he considered him­ self incapable of wandering around in crude conditions in foreign lands. The fact is that he perished and we can con­ sole ourselves that after a period of 60 happy y ears he suffered only for 6 month s . To c o n c l u d e : D a w i d Przepi6rka a s I knew him w a s a s a probl� mist only, and I have not enough praise for him as a creator of excellent problems, a man of culture and knowl­ edge and a patron of young problemists of all sorts." (148) Rubinstein - Przepiorka Lodz 1907 Queen's Gambit Accepted [028] l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 dxc4 4.e3 a6 5.,1l.xc4 c5 6.�f3 � f6 7.0-0

115

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King Ae7 8.�e2 0-0?1 9 . d x c 5 1 �a5 10.e4 � xc5 ll .Q.g5 b5 1 2 . .Q.d3 � fd7 1 3 .e 5 1 � c 6 1 4 . �e4 g6 1 5 . .Q.e3 f5 1 6 . e x f6 � x f6 17 . .1lxc5, 1 -0 •

2 2 . .Q. x b3 � x e4 23 . .Q. x e6+ �h8 24.�d5

( 1 49) PrzepiOrka - Rubinstein Lodz 1 907 Ruy Lopez [C90] l . e4 e5 2 . � f3 � c 6 3 . .Q.b5 a6 4 . .Q.a4 �f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.E!e1 b5 7 . Ab3 d6 8 . c 3 0 - 0 9 . h 3 � a 5 1 0 . .Q.c2 c 5 ll.d3 �c6 1 2 . � bd2 �c7 l 3 . � fl d 5 14.a4 d x e4 1 5 . d x e4 Ae6 1 6 . � e3 § adS 17.�e2 c4 18.axb5 axb5 19.�g5 h6 2 0 . � x e6 f x e 6 2 l .b3 c x b3

24 ... E! xd5 25 . .Q.xd5 � xc3 26.�d2 �d4 27.Aa2 .Q.b4 28.�d3 � xa2 2 9 . A a 3 � c 2 30 . .Q. x b4 � a x b4 31.�e4 �c5, 0-1

116

1907-08 Fifth All-Russian Chess Tournament, Lodz

Third time lucky ! Rubinstein, in his third All-Russian Championship (his first two were Kiev 1 903 and St. Petersburg 1 906) takes the title in his home town. This was a very wild affair, as the following excerpt from The Field, which ap­ peared in the American Chess Bulletin of 1 908 (pp. 52-53), attests. " Our correspondent left Lodz immediately after wiring the final scores without giving the remaining rounds, or his report may have gone astray somehow. We are informed that Lodz, the stronghold of the socialistic movement, is in a state of siege; the streets are being patrolled by the soldiery armed with loaded rifles and fixed bayonets. Every stranger is suspected and under police surveillance. The writer of our reports shared the fate of the suspect, and had to be bailed out by the club committee, after explaining the secret ciphers so abundant in his correspon­ dence, meaning the German notation of the game he forwarded. How could they have guessed the contents of letters sent in the ordinary way through the post is no secret to those acquainted with Russian methods during a state of siege. But having eventually been assured that the letters would be forwarded, they may still be expected after having made the round of the circumlocution labyrinth. " The end of the tournament did not pass without regrettable incidents. It is a well­ known fact that the adj ourned games cause more or less (rather more) trouble in every tournament, especially towards the end, when the position of the favorites becomes accentuated. Every possible means have been devised by organizers of tournaments to ensure the secrecy of the sealed move in the first instance, and to prevent the positions being analyzed. But as the law prohibited the adjournment ending being analyzed, and only handicapped the honest competitor, analyzing is not prohibited now-adays, but there is a stringent rule against consultation, with adequate penalties for the infringement of the rule. This rule was infringed on two occasions at least in Lodz, with serious consequences in the second instance. Alapin had an adj ourned game with Daniuszewski in the tenth round. After the eleventh round it became known that Rubinstei�had coached Daniuszewski, and the latter won the game. When A lapin was made aware of the fact he brought the matter before the committee, and they decided under the rules to give the game in favor of Alapin. Several competitors protested against this decision, and did not tum up to play the twelfth round. But, worst of all, one of the players who had an adjourned game with Rubinstein - an easy draw - forfeited the game by coming one hour and a half too late, and Rubinstein won the first prize by a half point only ! Not having any further communication, it may be assumed that the matter has been satisfactorily settled . . . "The matter of the adj ourned games has prompted the management of the last Ostende tournament to fix the hours of play from 1 0:30 a.m. to 5 :30 p.m., with

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King only half an hour's interval at two o'clock, to avoid adjourned games, and the system worked very well, as the number of adjourned games was reduced almost to zero." Pretty damning stuff on Rubinstein, this article from The Field, whose correspon­ dent, Leopold Hoffer, was at the event. But other magazines from the time have a different view of what went on at this wild and wooly event. The Deutsches Wochenschach und Berliner Schachzeitung of 1 908 (p. 34) states that it was Dus-Chotimirsky (not Rubinstein) who helped Daniuszewski and gives the position of the adjourned game between Rubinstein and Znosko-Borovsky (see below). It's noted that the game was adjourned for a week and was resumed just before the last round. And that Znosko-Borovsky, intending to avenge the slight to his friend Dus-Chotimirsky, intentionally failed to show up for the ad­ j ourned game. To add further confusion, the crosstables given in magazines of the time (A . C.B 1908 and Casopis Ceskoslovenskych Sachistu 1 908) have A lapin listed as having lost to Daniuszewski. Did the tournament committee overturn its earlier decision to forfeit Daniuszewski? Could this have happened in response to the double­ forfeits Rubinstein-Rosenblatt and Dus-Chotimirsky-Freiman? The round after the tournament committee had made the decision to give the game to Alapin (over Daniuszewski), the four players protested the decision by refusing to show up for their game and were forfeited. Many years after the event, Romanovsky gave a different account of what hap­ pened in Shaakhmaty v SSSR, 1 956, No. 2. The crosstable has Rubinstein win­ ning with 9 points followed by Alapin at 8Y2. Two games are given as double forfeits (Rubinstein-Rosenblatt and Dus-Chotimirsky-Frieman), while a lesser number have one player winning by forfeit: Salwe over Notkin, Kuczynski over Yankovich and Daniuszewski over Rosenblatt. Romanovsky explains the two double forfeits with the following story : "Alapin was leading after ten rounds, but lost a miniature the following day to Daniuszewski. Allegations were made by Alapin that other players - particularly Rubinstein and Dus-Chotimirsky - were helping Daniuszewski. Alapin then asked the tournament committee for a forfeit win, but they refused. Then some of the other players, incensed by Alapin's charges, asked that he be thrown out. The tournament committee again refused and some of the players went out on strike (as well as Znosko-Borovsky not showing up for his adjourned game with Akiva). Rubinstein returned to play the final round." Finally we note that the crosstable given in Ksiega Jubileuszowa Lodzkiego Towarzystwa Zwolennikow Gry Szachowej 1903-1938, the one we have chosen to use (almost all others in this book are from Jeremy Gaige's books) , lists only 1 18

1 907-08 Dus-Chotimirsky-Freiman as a double-forfeit. It has Rubinstein winning from Rosenblatt. A very confusing situation ! We conclude by noting that Rubinstein always had an excellent reputation for good sportsmanship (see, for example, the incident described on page #49, with Maliutin at St. Petersburg, 1 906). Russian chess historian Wladyslaw Povarov notes, "Games of this event are hard to find because of the fact that A lapin appropriated the bulk of them at the time and kept them for himself (as he did with Chigorin's archives)." Rubinstein's first prize was worth 600 rubles. ( 1 50) Rubinstein - Daniuszewski Lodz (V All-Russian) ( l ) Dec. 1 7, 1 907 French Exchange [CO l ] Notes by Schlechter (S), and Hoffer (H) fromACB. l.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3./i)c3 4)f6 4.exd5 e xd5 5 . Ag 5 c6 6 . Ad3 Ad6 7./i)ge2 0-0 8:�d2 Ag4

(H) There is no utility in this move, as it does not pin the knight, and after White 's
(H) If 1 3 . . . �xf4 1 4 .gxf4 and the bishop would be lost. But he might have played 1 3 . . . .§c8. (S) Perhaps 1 3 . . . �a5!? was better. 14.4)a41 '#Wa5 15.Axf6 4) xf6

(H) The position would become fairly complicated after 1 5 . . . �xa4, White having such a choice of continuations. For instance, 1 6 . .lle 7 .§fe8 1 7.b3 �a5 1 8 . �f5
(S) Black should play 16 . . . .1l.g6, and if 17.<£)xb7 �b6.

(H) There is nothing better now than 9 . . .ilh5, followed by . . . .ll.g 6. .

10./i)g3 '#Wc7 l l.h31 .ilxg3

(H) If l l . . . .ll.e 6 1 2 .f4 with a strong attack. 12.fxg3 Ah5

(S) If 1 2 . . . .lle 6 1 3 . .§ f4, followed by .§afl , with advantage for White. 18 . .§.xf6 gxf6?

1 19

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King H) 18 . . . bxc5 is the only move here. If 9 .Axg6 fxg6 20 . .§ xc6 �d2, and he rould eventually be only a pawn be­ i n d . I f 1 9 . .§ x c 6 at on c e , then 9 . . . Axd3 20 . .§ x c 5 Ab5 2 1 . a4 a6 2.b3 .§ ac8 23.b4 �xb4 24 . .§ xc8 .§ xc8 5 .axb5 axb5 with a defensible game.

26.4)h6+, 1-0

(S) For i f 26 . . . �d7 27 . .§ xf7 + �c8 28. �e5 and wins. Rubinstein 's sole loss in the tourna­ ment was to Sergey Freiman ( 1 8 821 946), to whom Elo gives a histori­ cal rating of 2420. Freiman is perhaps best known for his move 1 1 .4Je4 in the Meran ( l . d4 d5 2 . c4 c6 3 . 4Jc3 4Jf6 4 .4Jf3 e6 5 .e3 4Jbd7 6.Ad3 dxc4 7.Axc4 b5 8.Ad3 a6 9 . e4 c5 10.e5 cxd4).

9 . 4) d7 .§ fd8 2 0 . 4) x f6 + ljfjlg7 :l.Axg6 h xg6 22. �h7+! ljfjlfS S) If 22 . . . �xf6, then mate in three.

S) Also 23.c3, threatening .§ e l , wins uickly.

( 1 5 1 ) Freiman - Rubinstein Lodz (V All-Russian) (4) Dec. 2 1 , 1 907 Queen 's Pawn [DOS]

:3 ... �d2 24. �h8+ ljfjle7 25.4)g8+ �e8

Notes by Schlechter (S) from Deutsche Schachzeitung, Hoffer (H) from A CB, and Authors (A).

S ) I f 2 5 . . . .§ x g8 2 6 . �f6 + , an d 7. �xf7 + mating.

Lodz 1907-08 December 16 - January IS

2

3

y,

Y2

4

5

6

I . Rubinstein

X

2. Alapin

y,

X

3. Salwe

Y2

0

X

4. Znosko- Borovsky

0

0

I

X

0

0

y,

X

0

0

X

y2

y,

0

0

0

0

0

0

Y2

y,

y,

0

5. Freiman

7

8

9

2

0

3

Total

0

10

I

y,

0

0

y,

8\1,

0

0

Y2

Y2

I

7Y,

y,

I

y,

0

7Y,

0

Y2

y,

6. Rotlewi

0

0

7. Goldfurb

0

y,

8 . Dus-Chotimirsky

0

9. Kuczyftski

0

I 0. Daniuszewski

0

I

0

0

0

I I . Rosenblatt

0

0

0

0

I

12.Notkin

0

Y2

0

I

1 3 . Yankovich

0

0

0

0

I 0

7

y,

0

6 Y2

y,

Y2

X

y,

y,

0

0

Y2

X

Y2

Y2

y,

Y2

y,

X

0

y,

0

0

X

0

0

0

I

y,

Y2

0

X

y,

4

0

0

0

0

0

0

y,

X

I Y2

X

0

5\1, 0

5

Y2

5

y2

0

4Y, 4Y,

*Note: The game between Dus-Chotimirsky and Freiman is scored as a double forfeit. There was

an

odd number of players because Kieseritzky (not the Kieseritzky) withdrew

after four rounds (with a score of

1 -3). Rubinstein beat him in round 3.

1 20

1 907-08 l.d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.e3 c5 4.b3 �f6 5 . .1ld3 �c6 6 . 0 - 0 .1ld6 7 .Ab2 �c7?1

(S) In this variation the queen should be placed on e7.

(S) If 22 . . . 4Jc2 23 . .1lxc2 and 24.4Je3 . 2 3 . .1l x h7 + �f8 2 4 . Ae4 tfld7 25 . .1lxb7 tflxb7 26.tflxg4 §c2?

8.c4 dxc4 9 . .1lxc4

(S) This loses quickly, but also after 26 . . . 'it>g8 27 . .§e3! White has an attack and should win.

(S) Better attacking chances were of­ fered by 9.bxc4.

27.tflh4 'iflaS 28.d5! §cc8 29.dxe6 fxe6 30 . .11,b 2 �f7 31.tflg4, 1-0

9 ... cxd4

( 1 52) Rotlewi - Rubinstein Lodz (V All-Russian) (6) Dec. 26, 1 907 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D40]

(A) Deserving of attention was 9 . . . a6, and if 1 0 . a4 0-0 1 1 .4Jc3 e5, transpos­ ing i nto s i m i lar variat i o n s in the Queen' s G a m b i t Accepted ( s e e Rubinstein's match against Marshall, Warsaw 1 908), or immediately 9 . . . e5.

Notes by Schlechter (S), Tartakover (T), Kmoch (K) and Razuvaev (R). [Authors' note : This is Rubinstein's "Immortal Game."]

10.exd4 0-0 l l .�c3 �b4

1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.e3 c5 4.c4 �c6 5.�c3 �f6 6.dxc5

(H) 1 1 . . .a6 seems an obviously neces­ sary precaution. (S) In case of 1 l . . .a6 White can play 1 2 .d5 .

(T) Less consistent than 6.a3 or 6.Jld3, maintaining as long as possible the ten­ sion in the center.

12.�b5 'ifle7 13.�e5 a6 14.� xd6 � xd6 15.'iflf3 §b8

6 ... .11, x c5 7.a3 a6 8.b4 Ad6 9 . .1lb2 0-0 10.'ifld2?

(S) Better was 1 5 . . . 4Jbd5. (H) There is nothing better. He cannot play the intended 15 . . . 4Jbd5, because of 16.a4, followed by Jla3.

(S) A very bad place for the queen. The best continuation is 1 0 . c x d 5 exd5 1 l .Jle2, followed by 0-0. (T) �� ss of time. The queen will soon have to seek a better square ( 1 4.�e2). The most useful move is 1 0.�c2 .

16 . .1la31 a5 17.§ad1 b5 18 . .1ld3 .1lb7 19. tflh3 §fd8 20.§fe1 'ifld5 21 . .1lb1 §bcS?

10 ... 'ifle71

( S ) A fi ne sacri fice of a paw n . I f 1 l . c x d 5 e x d 5 1 2 . 4J x d 5 ? 4::l x d 5 1 3 .�xd5 .§ d8! and Black has a strong attack. (K) The pawn is inviolate : 1 l .cxd5 exd5 1 2 .4Jxd5 4Jxd5 1 3 .�xd5 .lle 6

(S) The decisive mistake. Black's best was 2 l . . .g6. (H) 2 1 . . .h6 is compulsory now. Black must have underrated the attack. 22.�g41 � xg4

121

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 1 4.'�dl (14.�g5 -'txb4+!) 14 . . . <£\xb4!, etc. l l . .Q.d3

(S) Better was l l .cxd5 exd5 1 2.-'te2. l l . . . d x c4 12 . .Q. x c4 b 5 13 . .Q.d3 E!d8 14:�e2 .Q.b7 1 5.0-0 �e51

( S ) Intro d u c e d by M a r s h a l l an d Schlechter in a similar position with opposite colors, but here with the extra move Eld8. 16.� xe5 .Q.xe5

(T ) Threaten ing to win a pawn by 1 7 . . . .ll x h2+ 1 8.'�xh2 �d6+. White 's next move provides against this, but loosens the kingside defenses. 17.f4

(R) An attempt to complicate. Kmoch's recommendation of 17.Elfdl �c7 18.f4 -'txc3 19.Elac l is wrong because of the simple 1 9 . . . <£\d5 . Also 1 7.h3 does not s o l v e the prob l e m s , for e x amp l e 1 7 . . . El ac8 18.Elac l -'tb8 19.Elfdl �c7 and White is forced to play 20.f4.

ening . . . El h3 mate and . . . El xc 3 ; or 2 l .�xg4 El xd3 2 2 . <£\e2 Elc2 23.-llc l g6! threatening . . . h5 ; o r 2 1 .<£\e4 �h4 22.h3 (if 22.g3 �xh2+ 23 .�xh2 <£\xh2 and wins.) 22 . . . El xd3 23 .�xd3 .ll x e4 24.�xe4 �g3 25.hxg4 �h4+ mate. 2 1 ... �h4 22.g3

( S ) Or 2 2 .h3 El xc3! 23 . .ll x c3 .ll x e4 24.�xg4 �xg4 25.hxg4 El d3 wins. (T) The alternative 22 .h3, parrying the mate, would lead to the following bril­ liant lines of play : 22 . . . E\xc3! (an elimi­ nating sacrifice, g etting rid of the knight, which overprotects the bishop on e4) 23.-'txc3 (or 23.�xg4 El xh3+ 2 4 . � x h 3 � x h 3 + 2 5 . g x h 3 .ll x e 4 + 26.�h2 El d2+ 27.�g3 Elg2+ 28.�h4 .lld 8+ 29.�h5 .llg 6+ mate) 23 . . . .ll x e4 24.�xg4 (if 24. �xe4 �g3 2 5 . hxg4 �h4+ mate) 24 . . . �xg4 25.hxg4 El d3 with the double threat of 26 . . . Elh3+ mate and 26 ... El xc3, and Black wins. Beautiful as are these variations, the continuation in the text is still more splendid.

17 ... .Q.c7 18.e4

(K) Entirely wrong. The rooks should be brought to bear upon the open lines. It is, however, quite doubtful if equal­ ity could still be achieved. 1 8 . . . E! ac8 1 9 .e 5 .Q.b6+ 2 0 . Cjfjl h 1 �g41 21 . .Q.e4

(S) There is no defense; e.g . , 2 1 .-'txh7+ �xh7 22.�xg4 Eld2 etc . ; or 2 1 .h3 �h4 22.�xg4 �xg4 23.hxg4 El xd3, threat-

22 ... E! xc311 23.gx h4

(K) Any other reply leads to speedy l o s s : a) 2 3 . -'tx c 3 .ll x e 4 + 2 4 . � x e4 �xh2+ mate. b) 23 . .ll xb7 El xg3 24.Elf3 (if 24.-'tf3 <£\xh2) E\xf3 25 . .ll xf3 <£\f2+ 1 22

1 907-08 26.�gl (26.�g2 �h3+ 27.�gl �e4+ 28.�hl �g3+ mate) 26 . . . �e4+ 27.�fl �d2+ 28.<;f;'g2 �xf3 29.�xf3 .§ d 2 + , etc. 23 ... §d21!

(K) The enchanting beautiful point of the sacrifice of the queen !

0-0-0 l l .c4 h5 1 2.§cl?l

(S) The same mistake as in the above c i te d g am e . The right p l an i s counterplay with 1 2 .c5, followed by a3, b4 and bS. (K) A fter 1 2 . c 5 �f4 1 3 . a 3 .ll x f3 1 4 .�xf3 gS Black's attack has more prospects than White's - which is just getting started.

24.'�xd2

(K) Again there was no possibility of longer resistance : 24.�xg4 �xe4+, or 24 . .llx c3 .ll x e4+ 25.�xe4 .§ xh2 mate or 24 . .ll x b7 .§ xe2 25 . .llg 2 .§h3!.

12 . . . �b8 1 3.a3 g51 14.b4 -'l x f3 15.4) xf3 g4 16.4)e5

( S ) If 1 6 . c 5 g x f3 1 7 . c x d6 � x d 6 18 . .ll xf3 �g4! with a strong attack. (K) If 1 6.c5 then 16 . . .�f4 is decisive.

24 ... j}_xe4+ 25.�g2 §h31, 0-1

( 1 53) Dus-Chotimirsky - Rubinstein Lodz (V All-Russian) (8) Dec. 28, 1 907 Queen's Pawn [D04)

16 ... 4) xe5 17.dxe5 Jlxe5 18.cxd5 �d6 1 9 . -'l. x e 5 � x e 5 2 0 . § e 1 4) xd5! 21.�b3

(S) If 2 1 ..ll xg4? �e3! . Notes by Schlechter (S) from Deutsche Schachzeitung 1 908, Hoffer (H) from ACB 1 908, and Krnoch (K). l . d4 d5 2 . 4) f3 c5 3 .e3 4) c6 4.-'ld3? Jlg4 5.-'l.e2

(K) Recog n i z i ng that the opening moves have not been well chosen. If S.c3 there might follow: S . . . eS 6.dxe5 .llxf3 7:�xf3 c4 8..ll c2 �xeS 9. .lla4+ �e7!, as in Araiza-Alekhine, Mexico City 1 932.

2 1 ... �g5 22.-'l.fl §c8 23.§c5 h4 24.g31

(H) A capital notion. The open file af­ ter Black's 24 . . . hxg3 is not dangerous because .llg 2 is sufficient protection. 24 . . . h x g3 2 5 . h x g3 �f6 26. �c4 §xc5 27:/txcS itc3 28.l)d6+ 'tt c7 29.�5 l)xeS 3 0.§xe5 §c8

(K) Having no prospects of winning by an attack, B lack has forced the ex­ change of queens. But the ending is not easily won, for the bishop is strong .

5 ...e6 6.0-0 4)f6 7.4)bd2 �c7

(H) Rubinstein now has the identical position with Black to the one he had against Teichmann at Carlsbad 1 907 as the first player [see game # 1 34) .

3 l . § e4 § c 3 3 2 . § x g4 § x a3 33.§g8+ �c7 34.§g7 §f3

(S) If 34 . . . �xb4 3S . .§ xf7+ �b6 36.�g2 and White 's g-pawn is dangerous.

8.b3 c x d4 9.exd4 -'ld6 10.Jlb2

1 23

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 35.Jlg2 .§.f6 36 . .§.g4 b5 37 . .§.d4 .§.f5

(S) Also good is 48 . . . 4Jg4+ 49.�e2 f6. 49 . Jl x f7 �e5 50 . .1}.b3 ./il g4+ 5 1 . �e 2 � x f5 5 2 . � d l �e5 53-�cl �d4 54..1}.dl 4)f2 55.b5 ./il xdl, 0-1

(S) If 37 . . . �d6 38 . 1':'\ d l threatening 1':'\ a l . 38.f4 .§.h51 39.g4 .§.h8

( 1 54) Rubinstein - Znosko-Borovsky Lodz (V All-Russian) (9) 1 907/8

40.f5?

(K) This leads quickly and penitently to destruction. Correct was 40 . .ll x d5 l':'ld8 41 .g5 exd5 42.�f2 �b6 43.1':'\dl and White can obviously hold his own in the rook ending . If B l ack play s 4 1 . . . 1':'\ xdS (instead o f 4 1 . . .exd5) then would foll ow 42. 1':'\ xdS! exd5 43.f5 �d6 44.�f2 �e5 45.g6 fxg6 46.fxg6 �f6 47.�e3 �xg6 48.�d4 with a draw. [Authors ' note: The last variation, be­ ginning with 42.1':'\ xdS!, etc., was first shown by Schlechter.]

White to move This game was played in round 9, ad­ journed in this position, and resumed before the last round. The sealed move was 53 . .1lxd6+ and a draw was pre­ dicted because of the possibl e continu­ at ion 5 3 . . . � x d 6 5 4 . b x a 4 b x a 4 55.1':'ld8+ �c7 56.1':'lh8 �d6 57.f4 �c7 5 8 . �f3 .ll d 7 5 9 . �g3 �b7 60 . 1':'\ h4 �c7, etc. However, Znosko-Borovsky failed to show up and Rubinstein won on time.

40 ... .§.g8 4Vill f2

(K) Now 41 ..llx d5 is too late, for evi­ dently 41 . . .exd5 would follow. After 42.�f2 �d6 43.�f3 �e5 44.1':'\dl l':'l c8 Black has a won game. 41 ... 4)f6 42.�f3 e5 43 . .§.d2 .§. xg4 44 . .§. c 2 + .§.c4 4 5 . .§. x c4 + b x c4 46 . .1}.fl c3 47.�e3 e4 48 . .1}.c4 �d6

The following two games feature the same opponent, which is a bit strange considering that the event was not a double round robin. The first game ap­ peared in several magazines of the day, w h i l e the s e c o n d i s g i v e n in Romanovsky 's Mitlshpil as a fragment. We guess that one of these games was played against another player in the tournament. 1 24

1 907-08 ( 1 55) Rubinstein - Goldfarb Lodz (V All-Russian) ( 1 3) Jan. 6, 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D06] l.d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 .£lf6 3.e3 Jlf5 4.c4 e6 5. �b3 .£lc6?

A bad continuation here, as White has not yet played .flc3, and can use the extra tempo to pin the knight on c6 with big effect. Black should play 5 . . . �c8 .

.£lg7 14.§e1 Jld7 15 . .£J b6 §bS 1 6 .b4 �hS 1 7 . �d 2 §gS 1 S . a4 .£l a7 1 9 . Jlc3 .£lf5 20.§a3 Jlc6 21 .�e2 �eS 22 . .£le5 §g7 23 . .£lg4 �dS 24 . .£Je5 �eS 2 5 . �b2 §dS 26 . .£j xc6 .£l xc6 27.b5 .£!bS 2S.§e2 �e7 2 9 .g3 §ggS 3 0 . � h 1 �c7 3 l . § a 1 �g7 3 2 . J}. x f5 g x f5 3 3 . § c 1 § deS 3 4 . Jld 2 �dS 35.Jlf4 Jlg5 36.Jl xg5 � xg5 37.c6 bxc6 3S.bxc6 f4 39.c7 f3 40.§e3 �g4 41.�c3, 1-0

6.c51 §bS 7.Jlb51 Jle7?

( 1 57) Alapin - Rubinstein Lodz (V All-Russian) 1 907/8 Ruy Lopez [C98]

If 7 . . . a6 8 . .!lxc6+ bxc6 9 . �a4, etc . B l ack ' s last defensive chance was 7 . . . .fld7 . 8 . .£Je5 0-0 9.Jl xc6 bxc6 10 . .£l xc6! § xb3 1 1 . .£j xdS §bS 12 . .£jc6 §beS 13 . .£lc3 .£ld7 14.b4 Jlf6 15.a4 e5 16 . .£j x d 5 Jle4 1 7 . .£l x f6 + g x f6 18 . .£j x a7

White later won (the rest of the game score is not available), 1-0 The conclusion of the following game (moves 34 to 4 1 ) is exactly as it appears in Romanovsky's book. ( 1 56) Rubinstein - Goldfarb Lodz (V All-Russian) ( 1 3) Jan. 6, 1 908 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D40] 1.d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 c5 3.e3 .£lc6 4.c4 e6 5.a3 .£lf6 6 . .£Jc3 a6 7.b3 Jle7 8.Jlb2 c x d4 9.exd4 0-0 10.Jld3 g6 ll.c5 .£lh5 12 . .£ja4 Jlf6 13.0-0

l . e4 e 5 2 . .£l f3 .£lc6 3 . Jlb 5 a6 4.Jla4 .£jf6 5.0-0 Jle7 6.§e1 b5 7.Jlb3 d 6 S . c 3 0 - 0 9.h3 .£l a 5 10.J}.c2 c 5 l l .d4 �c7 1 2 . .£j bd2 .£lc6 1 3 .d 5 .£IdS 14 . .£lf1 .£j eS 15.g4 g6 16.Jlh6 .£lg7 17 . .£lg3 f6 1S.a4 §bS 19.axb5 axb5 20 . .£)h2 .£l f7 2 1 . Jle3 Jld7 2 2 . �g2 §aS 23.�e2 �b7 24.{3 § x a1 25.§xa1 §aS 26.�d1 §a6 27 . .£) hfl �aS 2 S . § x a 6 � x a6 2 9 . � b 1 .£) d S 30.b3 .£)b7 31.�b2 JldS 32 . .£)d2 .£) eS 33.Jlf2 .£)c7 34 . .£)b1 �a5 3 5 .b4 �a6 3 6 . Jld3 c4 37.Jle2 .£) a S 3 S . � a 3 � x a 3 3 9 . .£) x a 3 �f7 4 0 . Jl e 3 Jlb6 4 1 . .£) f 1 g 5 4 2 .
1 25

Vienna 1908 A small disappointment for Rubinstein after his excellent results at Ostende and Carlsbad the previous year. Akiva started like a rocket, winning his first four games, but then cooled off, losses to Marshall and Mieses in the last three rounds eliminating his chances for first. One consolation was a first-round vic­ tory over Duras that won a prize for the most brilliant game of the tournament. ( 1 58) Rubinstein - Duras Vienna ( I) 1 908 Queen's Pawn [D04] Notes by Schlechter from Deutsche Schachzeitung 1 908 (S) and Kmoch (K). l .d4 d5 2.?:)f3 c5 3.e3 ?:)f6 4.dxc5 �a5+?

(S) Bad, because this helps the oppo­ nent to develop. The right move i s 4 . . . e 6 , and i f 5 . b4? then 5 . . . a5 6 . c 3 axb4 7.cxb4 b 6 regaining the pawn. 5.?:)bd2 � xc5 6.a3 �c7 7.c4 dxc4

(S) This also helps White's develop­ ment. Better was 7 . . . e6. 8.?:) x c4 ?:)c6 9.b4 Ag4 10.-'1,b2 b5?

(S) This will be refuted by a nice com­ bination by White, but Black already stands worse. If, for example, 10 . . . e6, then l Ukl ! , threatening b5 . (K) It was high time to develop the king's wing by 10 . . . e6, or 10 . . . .§ d8 fol­ lowed by . . . e6. l l .?:)ce5! ?:) xe5

12.?:) xe5!!

(K) Very pretty, though quite obvious. By the sacrifice of the queen, White captures a pawn, and, in fact, quite properly the unfortunate pawn at b5 . 12 ... -'1,xdl 13.Axb5+ ?:)d7

(S) Best. If 1 3 . . . \t>d8 14 . .§ xdl + 'it>c8 1 5 .�a6+ 'it>b8 1 6.f)c6+ 'lflxc6 17.�e5+ 'lfld6 ( 1 7 . . . 'lfJc7 1 8 . .§ d8 + mate) 1 8 . .§cl!! and mate next move. 14.-'1, xd7+

( S ) The simplest. White forces an endgame with a pawn plus. Stronger was 14 . .§ xdl .§ d8 1 5 .f)xd7 .§ xd7 (or 15 . . . e6 1 6.f)e5+ \t>e7 1 7.f)c6+, etc.) 1 6 . .1l x d 7 + 'it>d8 1 7 . � b 5 + 'it>c8 1 8.�a6+ \t>b8 1 9 . .§ c l ! , followed by -'l.e5, and wins. (K) 1 4 . .§ xdl would have had the same result. Black must not play 16 . . . \t>dS?, but 16 . . . 'lflxd7, though this too gives White a pawn.

(K) Not 1 4 . . . \t>d8 1 5 . .§ xdl and White wins immediately.

Vienna 1 908 15.� xd7 .1lh5 16.�e5 E!c8 17.g4 Ag6 18.� x g6 h xg6 19.,1ld4 a6 20.�d2 f6 21.E!ac1 E! xc1 22.E!xc1 e5

(S) Or 22 . . J'!.xh2 23 . .§ c8+ 'it>f7 24.'it>e2! eS 2S .�cS �xeS 26 . .§ xcS followed by §aS winning the a-pawn. 2 3 . A c 5 E! x h 2 24 . A x f8 � x f8 25. �e21 e4 26.E!c6 E!g2

28 . � x c 5 � x c 5 2 9 . Ac7 E! x e 1 30 . E! x e 1 E! d 2 3 1 . E! e8+ �f7 32.§a8 E! xb2 33.E!xa7 �g6 34.a4 h 5 3 5 . a 5 b x a 5 3 6 . E! x a 5 E! c 2 3 7 . Ag3 � h 6 3 8 . Af2 � e4 39 . .1l e 3 + �g6 4 0 . E! a 4 � g3 41.Af4 �e2+ 42.�h2 h4 43.Ad6 �h5 44.E!a5+ �h6 45.E!f5 �g6 46.E!f2 E!d2 47.Af4 E!c2 48.Ad6 �f7 4 9 . A a 3 �e6 5 0 . Af8 g6 5 1 . ,1lg7 f5 5 2.Ah6 �f6 53.-'lfs g5 54.Ad6 �e6

(S) If 26 . . . aS 27.bS followed by .§ a6. 27.E! xa6 E! xg4 28.E!a7 E!g1 29.b5 §b1 30.a4 g5 31.E!b7 E!a1 32.b6 § x a4 3 3 . E! a 7 E!b4 3 4 . b7 g4 3 5 . E!a8+ �f7 3 6 . b8 = � E! x b8 37. E! x b8 �e6 3 8 . §e8+ �f5 39.�fl, 1-0

( 1 59) Alapin - Rubinstein Vienna (2) 1 908 Alapin [C20] Notes by Marco (M) and Authors (A). 1.e4 e5 2.�e2 �f6 3.f4 � xe4 4.d3 .£lc5 5.fxe5 d5 6.d4 �e6 7.�f4 c5 8 . � c3 c x d4 9 . � c x d 5 � c 6 10.,1ld2?

(A) This game is still an important part of recent theory. According to Fine and ECO, White should play lO.�bS with an equal game. 1 0 . . . � x f4 1 l . � x f4 � x e5 12.Ab5+ Ad7 13.�e2 Ad6 14.c3 0-0 15.Axd7 �xd7 16.cxd4 �c6 1 7 . 0 - 0 � x d4 1 8 . �d3 A x f4 19 . .1l x f4 E! ad8 2 0 . E! a d 1 �g4 2 l . E!de1 �e6 2 2.�e3 b6 23.h3 �h5 2 4 . ,1l e 5 E!fe8 2 5 . � a 3 f6 26 . .11, d 6 �d5 2 7 . Ag3 � c 5 +

55.Ab8?

(M) According to the opinion of all authorities, White can save the game by playing SS . .Ilc7!. 5 5 . . . E!d211

(M) The point of this excellent move is so paradoxical - here Black's rook is protected, a necessity for the success­ ful advance of . . . gS-g4. (A) What Marco is saying is that the rook on d2 is protected against White's attempts to simplifY with g3 . See the note after White 's 5 7th move. 56.,1lc7 g4 57.hxg4

(M) If S7.g3 Black wins by S7 . . . hxg3+ S8.�xg3 4Jxg3!! S9 . .§ xd2 4Jfl + 60.'it>g2 4Jxd2, etc. 1 27

I

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1 6. Alapin

1 7. Bardeleben

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1 9 . E. Colm

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Vienna 1908 March 23

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Vienna 1 908 57 ... fxg4 58.g3 h3 59.,1lb8 Cjfjld5 60.Jtf4 Elc2 61.Ae3 Cjfjle4 62.Jtg5 Cjfjld3 63.Ah6 .fld4 64.E! xc2 .fl xc2 65.Af4 Cjfjle2 66 ..1}.b8 .fle3 67.Cjfjlg1 Cjfjlf3 68.,1lc7 .flflt 69.Jtb8 .fl xg3 70 .,1lc7 .f} e 2 + 7 1 . Cjfjl h 2 .fl f4 72.,1lb6 g3+ 73.Cjfjlh1 .fld3 74.Cjfjlg1 h2+ 75.Cjfjlh1 .flf2+ 76 . .1}.xf2 gxf2 77. Cjfjl x h 2 f 1 = El 78.Cjfjlh3 E! h l + mate, 0-1

( 1 60) Rubinstein - Reti Vienna (3) 1 908 Queen's Pawn [DOO] Notes by Schlechter from Deutsche Schachzeitung 1 908 (S), and Authors (A).

Schlechter is right and that 3 . . . .£Jc6 should be not recommended. 7 . . . Jte7 8 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 9 . A d 2 b6 10 . .fle5 Ab7 l l . Elf3 Jtd6

(S) The idea behind this move ( . . . .llx e5) is the decisive mi stake. B etter was l l . . . .£Jd7 . 12.Elh3 Ele8 13.Ae1 ,1l xe5

(S) Now it's too late for 13 . . . .£ld7 be­ cause of 1 4.�h5 . Deserving of atten­ tion is 14 . . . g6. 1 4 . f x e 5 .fld7 16.ttg4, 1-0

1 5 .Ah4

ttc8

1.d4 d5 2.e3 .f}f6 3.Ad3 .f}c6

(S) Many authorities consider this con­ tinuation as best. Black ignores his de­ velopment, wastes time, only to ex­ change White's king's bishop. This can­ not be good ! Correct is 3 . . . c5 4.c3 .£Jc6 5.f4 .llg4! , etc. 4.f4 .flb4 5 . .flf3 .fl xd3 6.cxd3 e6 7. .flc3

(A) ECO considers the whole variation as in Black's favor, on the basis of the game Tarrasch-Chigorin, Hastings 1 895 : 7 . 0-0 .lle 7 8 . .£Jbd2 0-0 9.'i�k2 .lld7 1 0 . .£lb3 .lla4 l l .�c3 b6 1 2 .�e l c5 with the slightly better game. This is misleading. Pillsbury, in his notes in the tournament book, clearly shows that the plan used by Tarrasch (8 . .£Jbd2) is not the best and leads only to an equal game . He recommends the develop­ ment of White 's queen 's knight at c3. Rubinstein uses this idea here in a game overlooked by ECO. We think that the opinion of Pillsbury, Rubinstein, and

(S) Black has no defense. In case of 16 . . . 'it>h8 White wins by 1 7 . .llf6! gxf6 18.�h4 .£Jf8 19.exf6 e5 20.'�h6 �g4 2 1 .l"lg3, etc. ( 1 6 1 ) Rubinstein E. Cohn Vienna (4) 1 908 Queen 's Pawn [D02] -

1 .d4 d5 2.Af4 c5 3.e3 e6 4.c3 .f}f6 5 . .fld2 .1}.d6 6 . .flgf3 .f}c6 7.Jtd3 0 - 0 8 . 0 - 0 E!e8 9 . .fl e 5 Jt x e 5 10.dxe5 .fld7 1 l . .flf3 .f}f8 12. ttc2 Ad7 1 3 . Elad1 c4 14 . .1}.e2 tt a 5 15.e4 .fl e 7 16 . .f}d4 E!ac8 17.Ela1 .flfg6 18.Jtg3 dxe4 19.tt xe4 .flf5

1 29

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 20.f4 �b6 21.Af2 � xb2 22.§ab1 � x e3 23. § x b7 � x d4 24. A x d4 Ae6 25.Axe3 Axe4 26. § x a7 §aS 27. § xaS § x aS 2S.§d1 Ad5 29.g3 h6?

10.Ab2 b5 1 1.Ad3 Ab7 12.�bd2 �bd7 13.�e2 §eS 14. §acl �e7 1 5 . § x eS § x eS 1 6 . § e 1 § x e 1 1 7 . A x e 1 � e 5 1 S . A b 2 � x d3 19.� xd3 �g4 20.�e2 f6 2 1 .h3 �h6 2 2 .g3 �f7 23.e4 e5 24.h4 AeS 2 5 . � e 1 �dS 26.�e2 Ae6 2 7 . Ae3 �d7 2 S . � e 3 � e6 29.�d3 Ae7 30.�e3 AbS, Draw

( 1 63) Rubinstein - Teichmann Vienna (6) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Declined [040]

After 29 . . . .§ x a 2 3 0 . Axc4 .§ c2 (not 30 . . . Axc4? 3 l . .§ d8 + .:£lf8 3 2 . Ab4) 3 l .Axd5 .§ xc3 32 . .lle4 .:£lf8 33 . .§ d8 g6, and the position is equal . 30.§d4 !!a4 31.§d2 !!a3 32.Ab4 § a S 3 3 . a 3 � fS 3 4 . § e 2 §eS 3 5 . � f2 � d7 3 6 . �e 3 � bS 37.�d4 �e6+ 3S.�e3 �a7 39.a4 �e6 40.§b2 §aS 41 .Ad1 � a 5 4 2 . A x a 5 § x a 5 4 3 . §bS+ � h 7 44.!!b5 §a7 45.a5 �g6 46.g4 f6 47.h4 fxe5 4S.fxe5 �f7 49.Ae2 !!e7 5 0 . a 6 g 5 5 1 . h x g 5 h x g 5 5 2 . § a 5 !! a 7 5 3 . A x e4 Af3 5 4 . A d 3 A x g4 5 5 . Ae4 Jl, e 2 56.Ab7 �e7 57.§a2 Aft 5S.�b4 g4 5 9 . � e 5 A x a6 60 . A x a6 g3 61.�b6 §aS 62.§g2 §gS 63.Ab7 §g5 64.§e2, 1-0

( 1 62)

1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.e4 e5 4.e3 �f6 5 . �e3 a6 6.a3 d x e4 7 . A x e4 b5 S.Ad3 Ab7 9.dxe5 Axe5 10.b4 Ad6 l l . A b 2 �e7 1 2 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 1 3 . § e 1 � bd7 1 4 . � e 2 §fdS 1 5 . !! fd 1 § aeS 1 6 . � b 1 § x e 1 1 7 . § x e 1 §eS 1 S . § x e S + A x eS 19.�bd2, Draw

( 1 64) Schlechter - Rubinstein Vienna (7) 1 908 Ruy Lopez [C90] l . e4 e5 2 . � f3 � e 6 3 . A b5 a6 4.Aa4 �f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.§e1 b5 7.Ab3 d6 S.a4 Ag4 9.e3 b4 10.d3 b x e3 l l . b x e 3 0 - 0 1 2 . h3 A h 5 1 3 . Ag 5 h6 1 4 . A x f6 A x f6 1 5 . A d 5 A x f3 1 6 . � x f3 �eS 1 7 . � d 2 §bS 1 S . Ae4 � a 5 1 9 . A x a 6 � e 6 2 0 . Ae4 Ag 5 2 1 . § ed 1 § b 2 2 2 . A d 5 � x e3 2 3 . � e4 � x e4 24 . � x e4 �d4 25.§e1 Ad2 26.§eb1 Aa5, Draw

Berger - Rubinstein Vienna (5) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [026]

( 1 65) Rubinstein - Siichting Vienna (8) 1 908 Queen 's Pawn [004]

1 .d4 d5 2.e3 �f6 3.e4 e6 4.�f3 e5 5.a3 d x e4 6.A xe4 a6 7.dxe5 �xd 1 + S.�xd 1 Jl,xe5 9.b4 Jl,d6

1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 e5 3.e3 �f6 4.dxe5 e6 5.a3 A x e 5 6.b4 Ab6 7.Ab2 �e6 S.� bd 2 0-0 9.e4 dxe4

J.

1 30

Vienna 1 908 10. 4) x c4 � x d 1 + 1 1 . f! x d 1 Jl,c7 1 2.Jl,e2 f!d8 1 3 .0-0 4Jd5 14.b5 4) ce7 1 5 . 4) fe 5 f6 1 6 . 4J d 3 a6 17.b xa6 f! x a6 18.e4 b5 19.4)d2 4)f4 20.4) xf4 Axf4 21 .4)b3 f! xd1 2 2 . f! x d 1 f!b6 2 3 . Ad4 f!b8 24.Aa7 f!b7 2 5 . f!d8+ rtlf7 26.Ac5 Ad7 27.g3 Jl.e5 28.Ab4 .lle8 29.4Jc5 f!b8 30. f! x b8 Axb8 31.4)b7, Draw

( 1 66) Tartakover - Rubinstein Vienna (9) 1 908 Sicilian [B44] 1.c4 e6 2.e4 c5 3.4Jf3 4)c6 4.d4 cxd4 5 . 4) x d4 4J f6 6 . 4J c 3 Ab4 7.4) xc6 bxc6 8.Ad3 d5

This continuation of Rubinstein 's is not mentioned in ECO. 9.exd5 exd5 10.cxd5

Perhaps 1 0.0-0 0-0 l l .i.tg5 is a better idea. 10 . . . 4) x d 5 1 1 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 1 2 . �f3 .lld6 13.Jl,e4 Jl,e6 14.f!d1 4) xc3 15.bxc3 �c7

1 7 . . . A e 7 1 8 . Af4 � a 5 1 9 . f! e 1 f!fd8 20.f!e5 � x a2 21.�e4+ rtfg8 22.h3 f! x d4 23.cxd4 f!d8 24.f!h5 f5 2 5 . � x c6 Af7 2 6 . E!g5 A x g5 27.Axg5 f!e8, 0-1

( 1 67) Rubinstein - Leonhardt Vienna ( I 0) 1 908 Colle System [D05] 1.d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.e3 4Jf6 4.Jl.d3 c5 5 .c3 Ae7 6.4) bd2 0-0 7.0-0 4) c 6 8.�e2 f!e8 9 . f! d l ? l �b6 10.dxc5 A xc5 l l .b4 Ad6 1 2 .e4 �c7 1 3 . Ab 5 .ilf4 1 4 . e 5 4) d 7 1 5 . f! e 1 4) c x e 5 1 6 . 4) x e 5 .il x e5 17.,il xd7 ,il x h2+ 18.rtfh1 A x d7 19.g3 Axg3 20.fxg3 � xg3 21.4Jf3 e5 2 2 . �g2 � x g2 + 2 3 . rtf x g2 f6 24.Ae3 fleeS 25.f!ec1 E!c7 26.a4 f!ac8 2 7 . Jl, d 2 a6 2 8 . rtf f 2 E!c4 29.4Je1 Af5 30.4)g2 Ad3 31.4)e3 E!f4+ 3 2 . rtfg 1 Ae4 3 3 .c4 d4 3 4 . 4) d 5 E! g4+ 3 5 . rtf f 1 f! x c4 3 6 . f! x c4 Jl. d 3 + 3 7 . rtf f 2 A x c4 38.4)b6 Ad3 39.f!c1 e4 40.f!c8+ rtlf7 4 1 . f!c7+ rtfg6 42. f! x b7 e3+ 43 . .il x e3 d x e 3 + 44. rtf x e3 Af1 45.4Jd7 h5 46.E!b6 rtlf5 47.4Jc5 h4 48.b5 axb5 49.a5 h3 50.a6 h2 51 .a7 h1 = �, 0-1

( 1 68) Swiderski - Rubinstein Vienna ( I I ) 1 908 Queen's Pawn [D04] 1 . d4 d5 2 . e3 4J f6 3. 4)d2 .ilf5 4 . 4) gf3 e6 5 . Ae2 Jl,d6 6 .c4 c6 7.�b3 �c7 8.Ad3 4Jbd7 9.A xf5 e x f5 10.�c2 g6 1 l .c x d 5 4) x d5 1 2 .0-0 0-0 1 3 . 4Jc4 E!fe8 14.a3 E!e7 1 5.Ad2 f!ae8 16.f!fe1 4J7f6 17.g3 4)e4 18.�b3 rtlg7 19.Aa5 �b8 2 0 . E! a c 1 f6 2 1 . rtl g 2 Ac7 2 2 . � d 3 ? b5 2 3 . ,il x c 7 b x c4

16.Jl, xh7+ rtf x h7 17.f!d4

White has obviously overlooked that 17:�d3+ <;f;>g8 18.'liYxd6 loses immedi­ ately after 18 .. J:'!. ad8! . 131

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 24 . j}. x b8 c x d3 2 5 . A x a7 § x a7 2 6 . § x c 6 §b8 2 7 . § b 1 § x a3 28.4)e1 §ab3 29.f3 § xb2+, 0-1

( 1 69) Rubinstein - Maroczy Vienna ( 1 2) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Declined [040] 1.d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.c4 c5 4.e3 4)f6 5.4)c3 a6 6.dxc5 j}.xc5 7.a3 dxc4 8 . � x d8+ 'it' x d8 9 . Jl x c4 b5 10.Jld3 .Q.b7 u.b4 Ad6 12.Jlb2 'it'e7 13.'it'e2 4)bd7 14.§ac1 §ac8 1 5 . § h d 1 §hd8 1 6 . g3 Jl x f3 + 1 7 . 'it' x f3 4) e 5 + 1 8 . 'it' e 2 4) x d 3 1 9 . § x d 3 Jlb8 20 . § x d8 'itl x d8 2 1 . 4) a 2 Ad6 2 2 . Jld4 § x c 1 23. 4) xc1 e5 24.j}.b2 4) d7 25.e4 4) b6 2 6 . 4) b3 4) c4 2 7 . Jl c 1 f6 28.4)d2 4) xd2 29.Jl xd2, Draw

( 1 70) Sa/we - Rubinstein Vienna ( 1 3 ) 1 908 Giuoco Piano Meller [C54] l .e4 e5 2.4)f3 4)c6 3. Ac4 Jlc5 4.c3 4)f6 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4 Ab4+ 7 . 4) c3 4) x e4 8 . 0 - 0 Jl x c3 9 . d 5 Jlf6 1 0 . § e 1 4) e7 l l . § x e4 0 - 0 12.d6 cxd6 13.Jlf4

favor after 15 . .llg 5!. The best try for an advantage is 1 3 . .llg5 .tlg6 1 4.'�d5! with a small advantage to White, according to Unzicker in the second edition of the C volume of ECO. 13 ... d5 14.j}. xd5 4) xd5 15.� xd5 d6 16.§ae1 Ae6 17.� xb7 A x a2 1 8 . § a 4 j}.e6 1 9 . § x a 7 § x a 7 2 0 . � x a7 j}. x b 2 2 9 . 4) g 5 �f6 ! , 0- 1

( 1 7 1 ) Rubinstein - Bardeleben Vienna ( 1 4) 1 908 Queen's Pawn [005] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.e3 e6 4.b3 4)f6 5 . Ad3 b6 6.Ab2 Ae7 7 . 4) bd2 Ab7 8.0-0 0 - 0 9 . � e 2 4) e4 10.§fd1 4)d7 ll.§ac1 Jlf6 12.c4 �e7 13.4)e5 Jlxe5 14.dxe5 4) xd2 1 5 . § xd2 f6 16.�h5 f5 17. §cd1 g6 1 8 . � h 6 § fd8 1 9 .h4 4) f8 2 0 . j}. e 2 d x c4 2 1 . A x c4 § x d 2 2 2 . § x d 2 §d8 2 3 . § d 6 ! § d 7 24.Ab5 §c7 25.�f4 j}.c8 26.'it'fl Ad7 27.Ae2 Ae8 28.'it'e1 Ad7 29.Ac3 j}.e8 30.g3 Ac6 3 1 . Ac4 b5 3 2 . Ae2 g 5 3 3 . � x g 5 � x g5 34.hxg5 'it'f7 35.Aa5 §c8 36.g4 fx g4 37. Jl x g4 c4 38.bxc4 b x c4 39.'it'd2 Ab5 40.'it'c3 §b8 41 .f4 §c8 4 2 . f 5 e x f5 43 . .Q. x f5 §e8 44.§f6+ 'it'g7 45.e6 h5 46.Ac7 h4 47.Ae5, 1-0

( 1 72) Per/is - Rubinstein Vienna ( 1 5) 1 908 Sicilian A1apin [822]

In case of 1 3 .'�xd6 .tlf5 14 :�d5 Black can force a draw by 14 . . . -tle7! 1 5 :�d6 .tlf5, etc. while 14 . . . d6?! is in White's

1.e4 c5 2.c3 d5 3.exd5 't'l:\'xd5 4.d4 c x d4 5 . c x d4 4) c 6 6 . 4) f3 Ag4 7.Ae2 e6 8.4)c3 �d7 9.Ae3 Ad6 10.0-0 4)f6 1 1 . �d2 0-0 12.§ad1 §fd8 13.h3 Ah5 14.Ag5 A x f3 1 5 . A x f3 Ae7 1 6 . Ae3 4) b4

132

Vienna 1 908 17 . .1lf4 §. aeS 1S . .1le5 4) fd 5 1 9 . §. e 1 h 6 2 0 . 4) x d 5 4) x d 5 2 1 . §. x eS §. x eS 2 2 . §.e 1 -'l.g 5 23. §. x eS + � x eS 2 4 . � d 1 �e4 25.�fll �b4 26. �b1 f6

(174) Marshall - Rubinstein Vienna (1 7) 1908 Queen's Pawn [DOO] Notes by Marshall from My Fifty Years of Chess (M), and Schlechter from Deutsche Schachzeitung 1 908 (S). 1.d4 d5 2.e3 4)f6 3 . .1ld3 e5 4.e3 e6

( S ) C o m i n g into c o n s i derat i o n i s 4 . . . 4Jc6, and if 5 . f4 o r 5 . 4Jf3 , then 5 . . . .1lg4. 5.4)d2 4)e6 6.f4 .1ld6 27.�g6 ! � e l + 2 S . � h 2 f x e 5 2 9 . � x e6+ � h 7 3 0 . � f 5 + �hS 31 .�fS+, Draw

(1 73) Rubinstein - P. Johner Vienna ( 1 6) 1908 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D30] l.d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.e4 e5 4.e3 4)f6 5.dxe5 .1l xe5 6.a3 0-0 7.b4 .1ld6 8. .1lb2 �e7 9.4)bd2 §.dS 10.§.e1 4)bd7 l l .exd5 exd5 12.4)b3 4)fS 13 . .1le2 .1ld7 14.0-0 4)g6 1 5.4)e5 .ileS 1 6 . � d4 b6 1 7 . 4) d3 §.eS 1 S . 4) h4 4) e 5 1 9 . 4) x e 5 .1l x e 5 20 . � x e 5 � x e 5 2 1 . .1l x e 5 §. x e 5 22.4)f3 §.e7 23.4)d4 .1le6 2 4. .1la6 4)e4 25.§.e6 4)d2 26.§.fd 1 4)e4 27 . .1l x e4 d x e4 2 S . 4) x e6 f x e 6 29.§.xe4 �f7 30.�fl §.bS 31.�e2 h6 3 2 . � f3 �f6 3 3 . �e4 h 5 34.§.e6 g 6 35.f4 §.bb7 36.g3 §.bc7 37.§.de1 §.ed7 3S.h3 §.d2 39.g4 §h2 40.g5+ �f7 4 1 . §.e7 §. x h3 42 . §. x e7+ � x e7 43. §.e7+ �d6 44. §. x a7 e5 4 5 . §. g7 e x f4 46 . §. x g6 + �e7 4 7 . e x f4 §. x a 3 4S.§.h6, 1-0

(M) Now 6 . . . .1le7 was much better, as thi s move later exposes B lack to a strong attack by e4-e5 . The text threat­ ens 7 . . . cxd4, compelling White to re­ capture with the c-pawn. But White's next move takes care of the threat.

(S) If 8 . . . 0-0, then White can begin a sharp attack by 9.4Jg5 (9 . . . h6 1 0.h4!) as in Lipke-Schiffers, Leipzig 1 894. (M) Rightly feari ng the attack that would come after 9 . . . 0-0. But the text is no improvement in this respect. 9.4)f2 0-0-0 10.0-0 �bS

(S) Now, advancing with the e-pawn White achieves an advantage . More cautious was 1 0 . . . cxd4. l l .e4! d x e4 1 2 . 4) d x e4 4) x e4 1 3 . 4) x e4 .1le7 1 4 . d x e 5 .1l x e 5 + 1 5 . 4) x e 5 � x e 5 + 1 6 . .1le3 � a 5 17.a41

(S) Premature would be 1 7.b4, because of 1 7 . . . 'ih3. 1 33

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (M) As a result of the thrust with the e­ pawn White has developed with gain of time, obtained the two bishops, and has a lasting attack. The text prepares for b2-b4, which, if played at once, could be answered by 1 7 .. :�a4. 17 . . . 4)e7 1S.b4 'l!/c7 19 . .1ld4 f6 20. 'l!/f2 4)cS 21.§fe1

(M) To prevent . . . e5. Black is now sub­ jected to so much pressure that it is only a matter of moves until some material is gained. 2 1 . . . §heS 2 2 . '1!/g3 .1lc6 2 3 . b 5 Ad5 24.a5 Ac4

(S) Perhaps 24 . . . E! d7 was a better de­ fense. After the text, it seems that Black's position cannot be saved. 25.b6 'l!/c6

(M) 25 . . . axb6 26.�xc4 'ifl'xc4 27.axb6 would only hasten the end because of the opening of the a-file. 2 6 . Jl x c4 'l!/ x c4 2 7 . '1!/ x g7 4) e 7 2S.'I!/xf6 .£lf5 29.a6!

(M) The valuable bishop is to be pre­ served. 29 . . . axb6

( M ) I f 29 . . . 4J x d4 3 0 . 'ifl'e 5 + ! w i n s quickly. 30.'1!/e5+ �aS 3 1 . a x b7+ � x b7 32.-'tf2

(S) Not 32 .�xb6 because of 32 . . . E!d5. 3 2 ... §d5 33. 'l!/f6 'l!/c6 34.§eb1 §b5 35.§ xb5 'l!/ xb5 36.'1!/f7+ §e7 37.'1!/fS '1!/eS

(S) Or 37 . . . E! e8 38.'ifl'a3 'ifl'a5 39.'ifl'b2 and White wins. 3 S . 'I!/ x eS § x eS 3 9 . § b 1 �c6 40. § x b6+ �d5 4 l .g3 §cS 4 2 . § b 5 + �e4 4 3 . �g 2 §c6 44. §e5+ �d3 45.g4 4) e7 46.f5 .£ld5

(M) If 46 . . . 'it'xc3 then 47.fxe6 followed by �h4. 47. -'td4 �c4 4 S . �g3 e x f5 49.§ xf5 §g6 50.§f7 h5 5 1 . §g7 § x g7 5 2 . Jl x g7 h x g4 5 3 . � x g4 4) xc3 54.Axc3, 1-0

( 1 75 ) Rubinstein - Spielmann Vienna ( 1 8) 1 908 French [COO]

( S ) Threate n i n g 3 0 . b x a 7 + 'i!ta8 3 l . a x b 7 + 'it' x b 7 3 2 . a8=Q+ E! x a 8 33.E!ebl + , etc.

l . c4 e6 2 . e4 d5 3 . c x d 5 e x d 5 4.exd5 4)f6 5 . .£lc3 4) xd5 6 . .1lc4 4)b6 7 . Ab3 4)c6 S . 4) ge 2 .1lc5 9.4)e4 -'td4 10.0-0 0-0 l l .d3 Ag4 1 2 . Ag 5 'l!/d7 1 3 . 'l!/ d 2 A x e 2 1 4 . 'l!/ x e 2 �hS 1 5 . Ae3 § aeS 16.'1!/h5 f6 17.§ad1 §e5 1S.'I!/h4

1 34

Vienna 1 908 A x b2 19 . .£Jc5 �e8 20.d4 §. h 5 2 1 . �g3 .£l d 5 2 2 . §. fe l � c 8 2 3 . �f3 §. f 5 2 4 .� h 3 Ac3 25.g4 A x e l 2 6 .g x f5 .£j x e3 27 . §. x e l .£! xf5 28.j';te6 �e8 29. �xf5 .£! xd4 3 0 . � d 5 .£l x e6 3 1 . .£l x e6 "titg6+ 3 2 . � h l §.e8 3 3 . � x b7 h5 34.� xc7 h4 35.h3 f5 36.§.gl titf6 37. � x g7+ "tit x g7 38 . .£j x g7 §.e5 39.§.g5, 1-0

( 1 76) Mieses - Rubinstein Vienna ( 1 9) 1 908 Vienna [C28] Notes by Schlechter, from Deutsche Schachzeitung 1 908 (S), and Tarrasch, from Berliner Lokal-Anzeiger 1 908 (T). l .e4 e5 2 . .£lc3 .£! f6 3.Ac4 .£!c6 4.d3 Ab4

(T) There is no reason for the bishop to be developed at b4. Its natural square is c5. 5.Ag5 h6 6 . .il,xf6 Axc3+ 7.bxc3 �xf6 8 . .£je2 d6 9.0-0 .£Ja5

(S) If 9 . . . 0-0, then 1 0.f4 exf4 1 U !. xf4 �g5 1 2 .�fl with the better game for White. 10.Ab3 .£l x b3 l l .axb3 g5?

(S) Better is 1 1 . . . 0-0. After the ex­ change ofWhite's king's bishop, Black should not fear the opening of the f­ file by 1 2.f4.

(S) If 14 . . . "itl'g6 1 5 .d4!, and if 1 5 .. .f5 16.dxe5 dxe5 17.4Ja4! with the better game for White. 15.§.fdl "tit xd2 16.§.xd2 f6 17.d4! �f7 1 8 . d 5 1 c5 19 . .£J b 5 �e7 20 . .£j xa7 Ad7 2l.c3 f5 22.exf5

(S) Stronger was 22.§da2! (threaten­ ing 4Jc6+) 22 . . . § ae8 2 3 . e xf5 .ilxf5 24.4Jb5, etc. 22 ... Axf5 23.b4?!

(S) This weakens White 's pawn struc­ ture, giving B lack drawing chances. With 23.1:'.ida2 followed by 4Jb5 White could win the endgame slowly but surely. 23 . . . �d7 24.b x c 5 d x c 5 2 5 . §.b2 §.fb8 26.§.ba2 §.f8 27.§.b2 §.fb8 28.h3

(T) The threat was 28 . . . .ild3 29.1:'.ia4 .ilxc4 30.§ xc4 § xa7 and White cannot play 3 l . l:'.i xc5 because of 3 l . . . l:'.i a 1 + mate. Therefore, White opens a win­ dow, but the wrong one ! Much better was 28.f3!, opening a route for the king. 28 ... Ad3 29.§.a4 b6

( S ) lf 29 . . . .il x c 4 3 0 . § x c 4 § x a 7 3 1 .1:'.i xc5 and wins. 30.§.ba2 §.f8

( S ) H ere 3 0 . . . 1:'.i b7 ! ? 3 1 . 4Jc6 l:'.i x a4 32.1:'.i xa4 'i!td6 was worthy of consider­ ation.

12.c4 0-0 13 . .£Jc3 c6?!

(S) Weakens the d-pawn. Better was 1 3 . . . Ae6.

3 1 .g3 e4 32 . .£Jb5 §. x a4 33. §. x a4 §.f6 34.d6 §.f71 3 5 . §. a7 + �e6 36.§.a4 Ae2 37.§.a6 §.f3

135

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (S) Now Black mistakenly begins to play for a win. After 37 . . . 1"lb7 White has nothing better than to repeat the position with 38.1"la4.

the match that the player of the white pieces did not win. Rubinstein was finally able to take the lead in game four.

38.Eta71 Axc4?

( 1 77) Rubinstein - Teichmann Game fragment (2) Queen 's Gambit Declined [D32]

(S) After 38 . . . 1"lf7 the game is still a draw. 39.Ete7+
(S) Or 39 . . .<�d5 40.d7 1"l f8 4 1 . 1"l e8 and White wins. 4 0 . 4) c 7 Etd3 4 1 . 4) e8 +
One of the least publicized duels be­ tween world class players of the pre­ World War I era was the match between A k i v a R u b i n s te i n and R i c h ard Teichmann . Held between the great Vienna and Prague tournaments in the spring of 1 908, it received little atten­ tion in the magazines of the day. A pity, as what has been preserved suggests that it was a great match. The two com­ plete games that we were able to find were both great fights, and game four is a justly deserved classic.

l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4Jc3 c5 4.4)f3 c x d4 5 . 4) x d4 e 5 6 . 4) db 5 d4 7.4Jd5 4Ja6 8.�a4 Ad7 9.g3 [No more moves available. From : Larobok, p. 378.]

( 1 78) Rubinstein - Teichmann Vienna (game 4) May 7, 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D55] Kmoch (K), Razuvaev (R), and Authors (A). l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4Jc3 4)f6 4.Jl,g5 4Jbd7 5.e3 Ae7 6.4)f3 0-0 7.�c2 b6

(R) The best defense is 7 . . . c5. (K) As is well known, 7 . . . c5! is correct here. After the text move which, among

The match started out with Teichmann, as White, winning the first game in 5 1 moves but Rubinstein came right back to equalize the score by winning a 22move miniature. The score stayed tied when the third game was drawn in 62 moves; this proved to be of enormous significance, as it was the only game in

Richard Teichmann

1 36

Vienna 1 908 other things, blocks the path of the queen to a5, White can castle on the queenside with impunity and create a strong attack.

(A) In case of 1 7 . . . g6 1 8.hxg6 hxg6 1 9 . Axg6 fxg6 20 . .§. h6 'it'g7 2 1 . 4Jh4 White has a strong attack. Also, after 1 9 .Axe4 dxe4 20.4Jd2 .§. c8 2 1 . .§. h4 Black's defense is very difficult.

8.cxd5 exd5 9 . .Q.d3 .Q.b7 10.0-0-0 c5 l l.h4 c4

(R) In the prev i o u s game against Rubinstein, at Carlsbad 1 907 (game # 1 34), Teichmann played 1 l . . . .§. c8, falling immediately into difficulties. (K) 1 l . . .cxd4, followed by . . . .§. c8, . . . a6 and . . . b5 appears to hold out better prospects. 12 . .Q.f5 §eS

(K) Here also the plan 12 . . . a6 and . . . b5 is better. (A) A c c o r d i n g to A l e kh i n e , after 12 ... a6 White achieves an advantage by 1 3 .e4! 13 . .Q.xf6 4) xf6 14.g4!

(A) Well played! If now 1 4 . . . g6 1 5 .g5! with advantage. 14 .Q.d6 15.g5 4)e4 16.h5 f!/e7

1 8 . .Q. x h7+1

(K) Now the black position is ripped open with a Morphy-like assault. 18 ...
(K) If 1 9 . . .fxg6 20.4Jxe4 dxe4 2 1 .4Jg5+ 'it'h6 ( 2 1 . . . 'it'g8 2 2 . � x c 4 + w i n s ) 2 2 . h x g 6 + 'it' x g 6 2 3 . 4J x e 4 + 'it'f7 24.�xc4+ and wins.

.•.

20.4) xe4 dxe4

(A) Maybe better was 1 6 . . . 4::\ x g S 1 7 . 4J x g 5 � x g 5 1 8 . A x h 7 + 'it' h 8 19 . .§. dg1 �h6, etc. If Black captures the pawn by 16 . . . 4::\ x gS 17.4Jxg5 �xg5, White's attack is even faster. For ex­ ample, 1 8 .Axh7+ 'it'f8 1 9 .h6 gxh6 20 . .§. dg1 , etc. 17.§dgl a6

( K ) I f 2 0 . . . � x e 4 2 l . g x f7 + 'it' x f7 22 .4Jg5+ and White wins. 2l.h6! f6

(K) The knight could not be captured: 2 l . . .exf3 22 .gxf7+ �xf7 23.hxg7 with the double threat of mate on h7 and h8.

Vienna, May 2-9, 1 908

1 . Rubinstein

2. Teichmann

0

2

3

I

Yz

0

y,

1 37

4

5

6

Total

0

2Y,

0 0

3 Yz

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King But Black has indeed a better defense, to wit, 2 1 . . .fxg6. Then 22.El xg6 was not suffi c i ent on account of 22 . . . e x f3 ! 2 3 . El x g 7 + '{f;f x g7 2 4 . h x g7 A e 4 ! 25.'{f;fxc4+ �xg7 26.Elgl + �f6, etc. Nor was 23.'{f;fxc4+ (instead of 23.El xg7+) 23 . . . �h7! 24 . El xg7+ �h8! 2 5 . El xe7 E! xe7! any better. Black in this varia­ tion, with rook and two bishops against the queen, has in fact winning pros­ pects, as the cooperation of the white pieces has been disturbed. Hence White would have had to play 22.4Jh4! . After 2 2 . . . g5 2 3 . 4Jg6 '{f;ff6 2 4 . h7 + �f7 25.h8=Q El xh8 26.4Jxh8+ White wins, but by no means as easily as in the ac­ tual game.

Teichmann, showing good fighting spirit, came back to win the fifth game in 33 moves. According to the Deutsche Schachzeitung of 1 908, it was a Four Knights game and Teichmann quickly won a pawn and the exchange . The D.S.Z. added that the conditions of the match were that the victor would be the first to win three games.

22.hxg71 exf3

Notes by Znosko-B orovsky, from Novae Vremya June 29, 1 908 (B), and Authors (A).

With the score at 2 Y:z-2Y:z, Rubinstein kept his perfect match record intact by winning the final game. ( 1 79) Rubinstein - Teichmann Vienna (m-6) 1 908 Queen's Gambit Accepted [D28]

(A) Or 22 . . . '{f;fxg7 23.Elh7, etc.

l .d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.4)f3 4)f6 4.e3 a6 5.Jlxc4 e6 6.0-0 c5 7.tl'e2 4)c6 8 . §. d l tl'c7 9 . 4) c3 b5 1 0 . Ab3 Ab7 1 1 .d51

23.§.h8+ \t' xg7 24.§.h7+ \t'g8

(B) A new and very strong continuation. l l ... exd5 1 2.j}. xd5?1

(A) Today theory considers 1 2.e4 stron­ ger and leading to an advantage. 12 ... b4 13.4)g5 4)d8? 25.tl'f51

(B) lf l 3 . . . bxc3 1 4.Axf7+ �e7 1 5 .'{f;fc4 '{f;fe5 16.f4, etc. (A) ECO gives 1 3 . . . 0-0-0 ! 1 4 . 4Jxf7 E! xd5 1 5 .4Jxd5 'ltl'xf7 with a clear ad­ vantage for Black.

(K) Threatening 2 6 . g7 , as w e l l as 26.'ltl'h5, to say nothing of 26.E! xe7. 25 ... c3 26.§. xe7, 1-0

(K) If now 26 . . .Axe7 27.'ltl'e6+, or if 26 . . . El xe7 27.'{f;fxf6 El d8 28. El h l and mate in a few moves. 138

1 4 . Jl x b7 tl' x b7 1 5 . 4) b l h 6 t6.4)f3 Ae7 17.4)bd2 0-0 18.b3 4) e6 1 9 . -'lb2 §.fd8 2 1 . 4) h4 g6 2l .f4 4)e4?

Vienna 1 908 (A) Better defensive chances are offered by 2 1 . . .4:Jg7.

22.f51 Axh4 (A) If 2 2 . . . 4:Jf8 then 2 3 . fxg6 �xh4 24.gxt7+, etc. 2 3 . f x e6 .£! x d 2 24 . §, x d 2 2 5 . � x d 2 §. d 8 2 6 . � c 2 2 7 . e x f7 + � x f7 2 8 . §. f l 29 . � x c 5 A e 7 3 0 . �a7 3 1 . �b8+ la d S 3 2 . �g3 3 3 . �c71 �e7 3 4 . �c6 35. �e4 Ab6 36.jtf6, 1-0

1 39

§, x d 2 �d5 �e6 §. d 7 Ac5 �d6

Prague 1908 Prague 1 908 was not an outstanding competitive result for Rubinstein. A loss to his bete noir Mar6czy in round 1 7 ended his chances for first, but it was a great creative success. His fa­ mous endgame of rook and rook pawn versus b i shop and rook pawn was played against Salwe in the first round at Prague, and wins over Alapin and Vidmar are j ustified classics. The Encyclopedia of Chess Endings mistakenly claims that this game was played in 1 909. ( 1 80) Sa/we - Rubinstein Prague ( 1 ) 1 908 Four Knights [C49] l .e4 e5 2 . .£)f3 .£)c6 3 . .£lc3 .£)f6 4 . .1lb5 .1lb4 5.0-0 0-0 6.d3 d6 7 . .1lg5 .£)e7 8 . .£)e2 .£)g6 9 . .£lg3 h6 10 . .1le3 c6 1 1 . .1la4 d5 12.c3 .1ld6 13 . .1lc2 E!e8 14.E!el .1le6 1 5 .d4 d x e4 1 6 . .1l x e4 e x d4 1 7 . .1l x d4 .£) x e4 1 8 . .£) x e4 .1lf8 1 9 .b4 b6 20.a3 'i:/c7 21 . .£)fd2 f5 22 . .£)g3 c5 2 3 . 'i:/f3 'i:/f7 2 4 . E! x e6 'i:/ x e6 25 . .1le3 .£)h4 26.'i:/h5 'i:/f6 27.E!cl E!ad8 28 . .£)f3 .£) xf3+ 29.'i:/xf3 g6 30 . .£) e 2 'i:/f7 3 l .h4 !it>h7 3 2 .g3 .1ld6 33.!it>g2 'i:/e6 34.E!dl 'i:/e4 35.'i:/ xe4 fxe4 36.E!bl E!e7 37.a4 c x b4 38.c x b4 E!c8 3 9 . a 5 b x a 5 40.bxa5 .1lc5 4t.Af4 E!d8 42.E!b5 .1ld4 43 . .£) xd4 E! x d4 44 ..1le3 E!a4 45.E!d5 !it>g7 46.g4 E!c4 47 . .1ld4+ !it>f7 48 . .1le3 !it>e6 49.E!b5 E!h7 50.a6 E!a4 51 .E!b7 E! x b7 52.axb7 E!b4 53 . .1l x a7 E! x b7 54 . .1le3 h5 55.!it>g3 E!f7 56 . .1lf4 E!f8 57.f3

Black can win more quickly by 57 . . . g5! 58 . ..1lxg5 ( 5 8 . hxg5 h4 + ) 58 . . . § xf3 + 59. x e4 60 . .1lg5

60 ... E!f7

One of the key positions for this kind of endgame. According to analysis by Maizelis, the exact winning continua­ tion is 60 . . .'it>d3 61 ...1lf4
Y2

X

y,

1

y,

0

y, y, 0 0

1

y,

0

Y,

0

y,

y,

y,

0

0

Y2

Y2

0

0

Y2

0

Y2

0

0

0

0

0

0

Y2

Y2

I

0

y,

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

y,

0

y,

Y2

0

0

0

0

0

0

y,

0

y,

0

l

0

0

0

6 . Mar6czy

7. Leonhardt

8. Marshall

9. Salwe

I O. Janowsky

1 1 . Dus-Cho�ky

1 2 . Alapin

1 3 . Mieses

1 4 . Siichting

1 5 . Spiehnann

1 6 . Prokes

1 7. Bardeleben

1 8 . Kvieala

1 9 . A . Rabinovich

20.

F. Treybal

Y2

y2

0

Y2

Y2

l

0

Y2

Y2

1

0

1

l y,

0

Y2

0

y2 0

0

y, 0

0

0

l

0

0

0

0

0

1

y,

y, y,

l 0 y2

y,

0 Y2

0

0

y,

0

0

y, 0

y, 0

1 1 0

0

y,

0 Y2

l

Y2

y,

y,

Y2

X

0

Y2

0

X

0

l

y,

1

X

0

0

X

X

4 Y,

5

5 Y,

y, 1

6

6 Y,

y,

y, 1

y,

1

y, Y2

8 Y2

7 \1,

1

y,

8 Y, Y2

9

9 Y2

Y,

1

1 X

Y2

0

Y2

0 Y2

Y2

1 Y,

1 Y2

0

1

1

Y2 X

X

1 Y,

l Y2 1

l

0 0

0

1

1

1

l

1 Y2

0

Y2

0 Y,

0

1 0

1

1

l

l OY>

11

11

y, 1 Y2

0

l

y, 1

0

1

11

1

l l Y2

l

Y2 1

12

1

l

1

l

1

0

X

l

1 1

1

y,

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

Y,

Y,

X

0

1

1

y,

1

l

1

0

X

1

y,

1

l 0

0

y,

y,

0

l

1

y,

y,

0

y, Y,

y, Y2

Y,

0

0

0

0

y,

y, 1

y,

l

y,

13 I Z Y2

1

1

1

y,

1

Y2

0

1

l

1

1

y,

1

y,

1

y,

1

y,

1 Y2

1

1

Y2

1

y,

Y2

y, 1

0

l

0

y,

0

1

Y,

Y2

y,

X

y,

y,

y,

0

0

Y2

Y,

1 0

1

Y,

y,

Y2

y,

X

0

0

y, y,

y, y,

0 X

Y,

Y,

Y,

0

Y,

Y2

1

X

Y2

1

y,

1

Y2

Y2

1

0

B Y2

1 3 Y2

1 Y2

1 1

1

1

1 Y2

0

1

1

1

Y2

1

1

1

Y2

1

1

1

1

1 Y2

1

1 0

1 Y2

Total

0

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

9

8

7

y,

Y2

X

Y2

0

0

5. Teichmann

y2

l

Y2

Y2

0

X

X

Y2

1

Y2

Y2

Y2

6

3 . VIdmar

Y2

0

5

4 . Rubinstein

�.

Y2

0

Y2

Y2

X

Y2

1 . Duras

4

3

2

2 . Schlechter

1

Prague 1 908 May 18 - June 1 2

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 6 8 . � h 2 ) 68 . JH1 69 . �g3 § h l + 70 .�h2 �e4! 7 1 .�g2 § d l ! 7 2 . �c7 (The alternatives are 7 2 . �g3 �f5 73.�f3 § d3 + 74.�g2 �g4 75 .�e l § b3 76. �f2 § b2 7 7 . �fl �f3 , and Black wins, and 72.�gl �f4 73.�c5 �g4 74.�e7 § e l 75 .�g5 §e2+, and Black wins as in the main variation with 72.�c7) 72 . . . § d7! 73 .�a5 (if 73.�b8 �f5 74.�f3 § d3 + 75.�g2 �g4 and wins) 73 . . . �f4 74.�c3 (after 74.�e l § a7 7 5 . .1ld2 �g4 76 . .1lg5 § f7 77 . .1ld8 §f5 78.�g5 § f8 79 . .1le7 § e8, Black wins in the same way as after 74.�c3) 74 . . . �g4 7 5 . �f6 § f7 76 . .1ld8 § f5 7 7 . �g 5 § f8 78 . .1le7 § e8 7 9 . �g 5 §e2+ 80.�fl �f3 81 .�gl (or 81 ..1lf6 § e8 82 .�g5 �g3 and wins) 8 l . . .�g3 82.�fl § e8!, and Black wins.

holds. Now Black wins in very instruc­ tive fashion.

6t .Ah6 E!f3+ 62.
82 ... E!f4+ 83.
With 62 . . . §f7! 63.�g5 �d3 Black can return to the winning continuation, shown in the analysis above.

The Encyclopedia of Chess Endings mistakenly claims that the game fin­ ished here.

63.Ag5
84.
Here again, 63 . . . § f3 ! followed by 64 . § f7! leads to the analysis given above. . .

64.
Black cannot win by 70 . . . § e4+ 71 .�d3 § g4 7 2 . �d 2 �g3 7 3 . � e l § x h4 74.�xh4 �xh4 75.�fl with a draw.

7t . . . E!e4 7 2 . Af6
Threatening 75 . . . § xg5. 7 5 . Ae7 77.
7 6 . Afs

E!d7+

lf 77.�c4 �g4 winning the pawn. 77 . . . E!d4 78.Ae7
If 82 . .1lg5 § xg5! 83 .hxg5 h4 84 . g6 �e7 and Black wins.

•

Black in the following game is not the well-known master Karel Treybal but his older brother Frantisek. ( 1 8 1 ) Rubinstein F. Treybal Prague (2) 1 908 Ruy Lopez [C90] -

71 .
The decisive mistake . According to Baranov, after 7 1 .�d3! § d6+ 72.�c3 �e2 7 3 . �c4 § d 3 74 . .1lh6, White

E! g7

l .e4 e5 2 .fl f3 .fl c6 3 . A b 5 a6 4.Aa4 .flf6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.E!el b5 7.Ab3 d6 8.a4 E!b8 9.axb5 axb5 •

1 42

Prague 1 908 10.c3 Ag4 ll.d4 exd4 12.cxd4 0-0 13.�c3 h6 14.h3 Ah5 1 5.d5 �e5 1 6 . g4 � x f3 + 1 7 . � x f3 J}.g6 ts.�g2 �d7 t9.f4 Af6 20.Ae3 §eS 21.J}.f2 Ah4 22.J}.c2 Axf2+ 23.� xf2 b4 24.�a4 �f6 25.h4 b3 26.g5 hxg5 27.hxg5 �e7 2S.J}.d3 §b4 29. �d2 E!ebS 30.E!e3 Ah5 3l.�c3 �c5 32.�h2 g6 33.Ae2 J}.xe2 34.� xe2 f6 35.gxf6 � x f6 36.�g2 'it'g7 37.f5 �d7 3S.E!fl §fS 39.E!g3 �e5 40.�e2, 1-0

( 1 82) Bardeleben - Rubinstein Prague (3) 1 908 Sicilian [B40] l .e4 c5 2 . � f3 e6 3 . d4 c x d4 4.� xd4 �f6 5.�c3 Ab4 6.Ad3 d5

E!e4 5 S . E! b6 E!a4 5 9 . 'it'f3 E!c4 60.E!a6 E!b4 61.E!c6, Draw

( 1 83) Rubinstein - Duras Prague (4) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [040] l .d4 d5 2.�f3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.�c3 �f6 5.Af4?1 dxc4 6.dxc5 � xdl + 7.E! xdl Axc5 S.e3 a6 9.Axc4 b5 1 0 . J}.e 2 � bd7 1 1 . 0 - 0 Ab7 1 2 . � d 2 E!cS 1 3 . Af3 A x f3 1 4 . g x f3 � h 5 1 5 . Jl.g3 � x g3 16.hxg3 �e5 17.�ce4 Ae7 1S.f4 � d 3 1 9 . � b3 E! d S 2 0 . E! d 2 f5 2 1 . � g 5 J}. x g 5 2 2 . f x g 5 � e 5 2 3 . E! x dS + 'i!l x dS 24 . � d4 E! e S 25.E!cl 'itld7 26.'it'g2 �c4 27.a4 E!cS 2 S . E! b l b4 2 9 . b 3 � d6 30.E!hl 'it'e7 3l.E!xh7, Draw

( 1 84) Marshall - Rubinstein Prague (5) 1 908 Queen 's Pawn [000]

This continuation was later adopted by Alekhine. 7.exd5 � xd5 S . .Q.d2 �c6 9.� xc6 b x c 6 1 0 . � e 2 E!bS l l .c3 A c 5 1 2.E!bl e5 13.�c2 h 6 14.0-0 0-0 1 5 .b4 J}.d6 16.f4 e x f4 17. � x f4 �c7 t S . g3 � f6 t 9 . Af5 Ab7 20.�g2 c5 2l .Af4 E!fdS 22.�f2 �c6 23.J}. xd6 E! xd6 24.bxc5 E!d5 25.E!b2 E!eS 26.E!fbl J}.aS 27.c4 §de5 2S.E!fl E! xc5 29.Ad3 E!ce5 30.h3 E!e3 3 1 .E!d2 h5 3 2 . 'it'h2 §3e5 33.�h4 �c7 34.�f5 E!Se6 3 5 . �f4 � e4 3 6 . J}. x e4 A x e4 3 7 . �g 5 A x f5 3S. E{ x f5 E! x f5 3 9 . E! d S + 'it'h7 40. � x f5 + g6 41 .�d3 h4 42.E!d4 hxg3+ 43.'it'g2 �b7+ 44. �f3 E!e2+ 45.'it'xg3 �e7 46.�f4 E! x a2 47.�h4+ � x h4+ 4S. 'it' x h4 'it'h6 4 9 . 'it'g3 E! a 3 + 5 0 . 'it'g 2 f5 5 1 .c 5 E!c3 5 2 . E!a4 E!xc5 53.E!xa7 E!c2+ 54.'it'g3 E!c3+ 55.'it'g2 'it'g5 56.E!a4 E!e3 57.E!b4

l.d4 d5 2.e3 �f6 3.Ad3 �c6 4.f4 � b4 5 . � f3 � x d 3 + 6 .c x d3 e6 7.J}.d2 Ae7 S.0-0 0-0 9.�e5 �d7 10.�c3 f6 l l .�f3 c5 12.E!cl cxd4 1 3 . e x d4 � bS 1 4 . �e2 � c6 15.�a4 E!eS 16.a3 Ad7 17.�c5 J}.fS 1S.b4 b6 19.�a6 E!cS 20.b5 �bS 21.E! xcS � xeS 22.E!cl �dS 23.� >:<.bS �xbS 24.a4 J}.d6 25.g3 E!cS 26.�dl E! xcl 27.�xcl �aS 2S.�al a6 29.bxa6 � x a6 30.a5 'it'f7 3 l .�el Ab5 32 .Ac3 bxa5 33.� x a 5 jl x d3 34. � x a6 J}. x a6 35.'it'f2 h6 36.h4 h5 37.'it'e3 'it'g6 3S.�c2 'it'f5 39.Ab4 Ac7 40.J}.fS g5 4 1 . h x g5 fx g5 42.fx g5 J}. x g3 4 3 . 'it'f3 Ah4 44 . � e3 + 'it'g6 4 5 . � g 2 J}. x g 5 4 6 . � f4+ 'it'f7 47.Ac5 h4 4s.Ad6 Ab5 49.Ae5 Ae7 50.'it'g4 Aft 5 t .Ac7 Af6

1 43

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King 5 2 . J}.b6 Jlb5 54. Cjfjlf3 J}.eS 56.4)h5+, Draw

5 3 . Jle 5 5 5 . Aa7

-'\.d7 Cjfjlg7

liancy prize in this tournament (Duras­ Stichting was first). 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 e5 3.e3 e6 4.Ad3 4)e6 5.0-0 4)f6 6.b3 J}.d6 7.Ab2 0-0 S.4)bd2 b6 9 . .£le5 Ab7 10.f4 .£! b4 1 1 . A e 2 4) e4 1 2 . a3 4) e 6 1 3 . 4) x e4 d x e4 1 4 . � e 1 �e7 15.4) xe6 � xe6 16.e4 f5?! 17.§d1 �e7 1S. �g3 §fdS 19.h4! a5 20.a4 �f7 2 1 . h 5 Ae7 2 2 . § d 2 §d7 23.§fd1 §adS 24. �h3 �fS 25.g4 exd4 26.§xd4 § x d4 27.exd4 fx g4 2S . � x g4 AeS 2 9 . �g3 Af6 3 0 . �e3 Ah7 3 t . A g4 �d6 32.Ah3 e5! 33.fxe5 J}. xe5 34.§fl! J}.f6

( 1 85) Rubinstein - Teichmann Prague (6) 1 908 Ruy Lopez [C90] l . e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) e 6 3 . Ab 5 a6 4.J}.a4 4)f6 5.0-0 J}.e7 6.§e1 b5 7.Ab3 d6 S.a4 Ad7 9.e3 0-0 10.d4 Jlg4 l l . d 5 .£l a 5 1 2 . J}.e 2 e 5 13.4)bd2 4)eS 14.4)fl g6 1 5.Ah6 4)g7 16.h3 J}.d7 17.g4 4)e4 1S.b3 4) b6 1 9 . a 5 4) eS 2 0 . 4) e3 f6 21.Cjfjlg2 Etf7 22.§g1 Afs 23.Cjfjlh2 4)e7 24. § g3 CjfjlhS 2 5 . h 4 4) g S 2 6 . J}. x g7 + J}. x g7 2 7 . Cjfjl g 2 4) e7 2S. �e2 �e7 29.Ad3 §eS 30.e4 b4 31.J}.e2, Draw

Not 34 . . . Axd4? 3 5 . Axd4 �xd4 be­ cause of 36.Ae6+ �h8 37.�xd4 � xd4 38.�f8+ mate.

( 1 86) Dus-Chotimirsky - Rubinstein Prague (7) 1 908 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D40]

3 5 . Ae3 AeS 3 6 . J}. x eS § x eS 37.Cjfjlg2 §eS?! 3S.h6! §e7

Weakens the last rank. Perhaps Black should play 38 . . . �e7.

1 .d4 d5 2.e4 e6 3 . .£le3 e5 4.e3 4)f6 5 . .£if3 a6 6.dxe5 AxeS 7.a3 4)e6 S.b4 -'td6 9.Ab2 0-0 10.§cl dxe4 1 1 . -'\. x e4 b 5 1 2 . Ad 3 4) e 5 1 3 . 4) x e 5 J}. x e 5 1 4 . 0 - 0 Ab7 1 5 . � e 2 §eS 1 6 . § fd 1 �e7 1 7 . 4) b 1 § x e 1 1 S . § x e 1 J}.bS 19.4)bd2 §dS 20.4)fl 4)e4 21.f3 4)f6 22.Ad4 e5 23.Ab6 §eS 24.e4 .£l h 5 2 5 . g3 �g 5 2 6 . �e3 4) f4 2 7 . Cjfjl h 1 4) e 6 2S . � x g 5 4) x g 5 29.Cjfjlg2 f6 30.4)d2 §e7 3 1 .Cjfjlf2, Draw

39.�h3 gxh6?

The decisive mistake. Obligatory was 39 . . . � e8 or 39 . . . �f7, defending the last rank.

( 1 87) Janowsky - Rubinstein Prague (8) 1 908 Queen 's Pawn [D05] T h i s game is c o n s i dered one o f Janowsky's best. I t won the second bril1 44

Prague 1 908 42.d511 §f7

has therefore no compensation at all for his two pawns (Tartakover).

If 42 . . . E!g7 (42 . . . .ll x c3 43.l:'!f8+ mate) 43 . .1lxf6 �xf6 44.l:'! xf6 l:'! xg4+ 45.'it'f2, with an easily winning endgame for White.

10... ti1/d7 ll.Ac1 !Llf5 12. ti1/a4 0-0 13.ti1/f4 f6! 14.g4 fxe5 1 5 . .£) x e5 .£) xe5 16.ti1/xe5 Af6, 0-1

43 . § x f6 ! § x f6 44. ti1/e6! ti1/ x e 6 45.dxe6 c:Jg7 46.e7 c:Jf7 47.Axf6, 1-0

( 1 89) Rubinstein - Kviea/a Prague ( 1 0) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D33]

( 1 88) Mieses - Rubinstein Prague (9) 1 908 Danish Gambit [C2 1 ]

1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5 . .£lf3 .£)c6 6.g3

Three years earlier, in their match in Lodz, Rubinstein preferred 3 . . . �e7 (game #44).

Introduced by Schlechter against Dus­ Chotimirsky in round two, and still con­ sidered White 's best treatment against the Tarrasch. As we shall see, it will be used by Rubinstein regularly until the end of his career. His contribution to the development of this system is so fundamental, that the continuation 6.g3 is named after both Schlechter and Rubinstein in the theoretical works.

4.e5?

6 . . . c x d4

A game of theoretical importance at the time. The continuation 4 . e 5 di sap­ peared from practice after White's hor­ rible defeat in this game. 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3 d5

Dus-Chotimirsky tried 6 . . . .lle6 and af­ ter 7 . .ll g 2 <£\f6 8 . 0-0 .ll e 7 9 . a 3 0-0 10.dxc5 d4 1 1 .<£\b5 .ll x c5 1 2 .b4 �b6 1 3.bxc5 �xb5 14.<£\xd4 �xc5 1 5 .<£\xc6 b x c 6 1 6 . .11 b 2 <£\d5 1 7 . E! ac l �b5 18.�d4, Schlechter had a sizeable ad­ vanta&: . 7 . .£) x d4 .il,b4 8 . .il,g2 .£) f6 9.0-0 .il, xc3!?

A forgotten continuation. ECO offers only the fo l l owing analy s i s by R . S c hwarz : 9 . . . 0-0 1 0 . <£\ x c 6 b x c 6 1 1 .<£\a4, with advantage for White.

Here 4.exd5 is necessary. 4... dxc3 5 . .£lf3 cxb2 6 . .il, xb2 .£)h6 7 . .£lc3 .il,e6 8. Ad3 Ae7 9 . ti1/c2 .£)c6 10.a3

10.bxc3 0-0 ll.Ag5 §e8 12.§b1 .£) xd4 13.cxd4 §e6 14.ti1/b3

White is forced on the defensive, and 1 45

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King 1 4 ./''i e l also deserves attention. 14 ... .§ x e2 1 5 . lU3 .§e6 t6.Axf6 � x f6 17.Axd5 .§b6 18.�e3 .Q.h3 1 9 . .§ x b6 a x b6 2 0 . A x b7 .§ d S 2l . .§ e l g 6 22.d5 .Q.d7 23 ..§ b l b 5 24. �c5 Ah3 2 5 . �e3 .§d7 26 . .Q.c6 .§e7 27. �c5 �e5 28. �e3 �f6 2 9 . � c 5 �e5 3 0 . �e3 �f6 3 1 .�d3?

This loses the exchange, after which White is still better, but the win is im­ possible. 3 1 . . . Af5 3 2 . �f3 �e5 3 3 . .§ d l �el + ! 34 . .§ x el .§ x e l + 3 5 .
(R) In hindsight, perhaps White should have played 6.�xc6+. 9 ... .£jd4 10.�g3 .£l xb5 1 1 . .£j xb5

( K ) Or l l . f6 4:Jg6 1 2 . fx g7 'i!i> x g7 1 3.4:lxb5 c6 14 .4:Jc3 f5 , with better de­ velopment for Black, and in fact an in­ cipient attack. (R) If l l .Jlh6 4:Jg6! 1 2 .fxg6 fxg6, with a big advantage for Black. l l ... f6 12 . .Q.e3 .Q.xe3 13. �xe3 d5! 14.0-0?!

(R) An inaccuracy. White's knight must return "home"-it stands much better on c3. This was possible by 14.'i�H2, and if 1 4 . . . c6 1 5 .4:Jc3 . 14 ... c6 1 5 . .£la3 �b6!

(K) Simple and yet powerful ! The two­ fold threat ( e3 and b2) forces the ex­ change. Black obtains thereby a supe­ rior ending. 16.� x b6 axb6 17.c3?!

( I 90) Alapin - Rubinstein Prague ( I I ) 1 908 King's Gambit [C30]

(K) Weakens d3, so that Black gradu­ ally secures a decisive advantage upon the queen 's file. The attempt to develop by 1 7 . 4:J b l and 1 8 .4:Jc3 or 1 8 . 4:Jd2 would be met by 1 7 ... d4, preparing for . . . c5 and the breakthrough by . . . c4 . (R) Relatively better was 17.4:Jb l , but here also after 1 7 . . . b5 White 's defense is very difficult. For example, 18.4:Jd2 .§ a4 19.a3 .§fa8, or 18 . . . b4, with pres­ sure against the a2-pawn.

Notes by Kmoch (K) and Razuvaev (R). l .e4 e5 2.f4 Ac5 3 . .£lf3 d6 4 . .£lc3 .£Jc6 5 . .Q.b5 .Q.g4

(K) In conj unction with the next move, a noteworthy setup, distinctly superior to 5 . . . 4:Jf6, etc. 6.d3 .£!ge7 7.h3 Axf3 8.�xf3 0-0 9.f5

1 7 . . . .§fd8 1 8 . §f2 §d7 1 9 . .£J c 2 §adS 20.§el dxe4 21. dxe4 .£jc8! 22.§fe2 b5 23.�al �b6 24 . .£J b3 �a41 25.�f2 c5 26.§c 2 g6!

(K) Inferior. But 9.�e3 was not quite satisfactory, either. 1 46

Prague 1 908
(R ) Typ i c a l Rubinste i n . He never misses an opportunity to improve his position. If now 27.g4 then 27 . . . c4 28.�cl § d l 29.§ ee2 § h l , with pres­ sure against the weakened pawns on h3 and g4.

(K) If 46. § xf6?? §dl + 47.\t>f2 �g4+. 4 7 .
27.fxg6 h xg6 28.4)cl c4

( 1 9 1 ) Rubinstein - Leonhardt Prague ( 1 2) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D6 1 ] l .d4 d 5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 4)f6 4.Jtg5 Ae7 5.e3 0-0 6.4)f3 -tlbd7 7:/bc2 h6 8 . -'l,h4 c5 9 . §. d l '* a 5 10.4)d2!?

Not mentioned in ECO. (K) While Black strengthens his posi­ tion at every step, White is condemned to inactivity. The control of the queen's file is decisive; its effects are notice­ able over the entire board. 29.
(R) Worse is 35.b4 �a4, or 35.g4 § d l ! with a decisive advantage for Black. 35 ... bxc4 36.§.b2 §.dl 37.§.b6+

(K) Also hopeless was 37. § c2 El e l + 38. �e2 �d3 followed by . .f5 . .

37...
( K) F o r 3 9 . El x f6 is refuted b y 39 . . . § d3+ 40.1t'f2 �xe4 + . 3 9 . §. b4 § d 3 + 4 0 . �f2 .tl x e4 + 4 t.�el 4)d6 42.§a4 �c6 43 . .§ a8

1 0 . . . c x d4 l l . e x d4 e 5 1 2 . d x e 5 4) x e 5 1 3 . .£l b 3 '* b 4 1 4 . -'l, x f6 Jt x f6 1 5 . c x d 5 4) c4 1 6 . -'l, x c4 '* x c4 1 7 . '*e 2 -'l, x c3 + 1 8 . b x c3 '* xc3+ 19.§.d2 Ad7 20.0-0 §.fe8 2 l . '* d l A b 5 2 2 . §. e l §. x e l + 23.'*xel §.eS 24.'*dl Aa4 25.h3 -'l, x b3 26.a x b3 §.dS 27.d6 '*c6 28.d7
Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 70 . .§ x d7+ lit' x d7 7 l . lit' xe5 lit'e7 72.g4 lit'f7 73.1it'f4 lit'f6

�f5 15 . .§f3 �h4

1 6 . f x e 5 1 ? � x f3 1 7 . � x f3 d x e 5 1S.� xe5 �f6 19.�f3 Af5 20.d4 .§feS 2 l .c3 Ae4 22 . .i1,d2 .§adS 2 3 . �fl .i1, x d 5 ? 24 . .i1, x d5 .§ x d 5 2 5 .c4 .§ f 5 26.c5 A x c5 27.d x c 5 � xb2 2S.�c1 �f6 29.Ac3 �e7 30. �b2 �fS 3 1 .a4 .§f4 32.�e5 .§e4 33.�d3 .§e2 34. � x b7 �e7 35 . .§ f 1 �g 5 3 6 . � f4 .§ 2e4 37.�xc7, 1-0

74.g 5 + 1 h x g 5 7 5 . 1it'g4 lit'f7 76.1it'xg5 a5 77.bxa5 b4 7S.a6 b3 79.a7 b2 SO.aS = � b1 = � S1.�a7+ lit'fS S2.1it'g6, 1-0

( 1 92) Prokes - Rubinstein Prague ( 1 3) 1 908 Ruy Lopez [C90] l .e4 e5 2 . � f3 � c6 3 . dl b 5 a6 4.dla4 �f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6 . .§e1 b5 7.Ab3 d6 S.a4 b4 9.c3 .§bS 10.d4 Ag4 l l . A d 5 �d7 1 2 .h3 dl h 5 13.dlg5 b x c 3 14.bxc3 0 - 0 1 5 .g4 � xd5 16.exd5 dl xg4 17.dxc6 �f5 1 S . h x g4 � x g4 + 1 9 . 1it'f1 � h 3 + 2 0 . Iit'g 1 �g4 + 2 l . lit'f l � h 3 + 22.1it'g1, Draw

( 1 94) Rubinstein - Schlechter Prague ( 1 5) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D34] 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�f3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.�c3 �f6 6.g3

Rubinstein tries Schlechter's invention against its creator.

( 1 93) Rubinstein A. Rabinovich Prague ( 1 4) 1 908 Four Knights [C55]

6 . . . .i1,e7 7 . .i1,g 2 0 - 0 S . 0 - 0 .i1,e6 9 . d x c 5 A x c 5 1 0 . Ag 5 � c6 1 l . dl x f6 � x f6 1 2 . � x d 5 � x b2 1 3 . � c7 .§adS 1 4 . � c 1 � x c 1 1 5 . .§axc1 Ab6

-

1 .e4 e5 2.�f3 �c6 3 . � c3 Ab4 4.Ac4 �f6 5.�d5 Aa5 6.0-0 0-0 7 . d 3 h6 S.h3 d 6 9 . � h 2 � x d 5 10.exd5 �e7 l l.f4 Ab6+

ECO assesses this position as unclear.

Today 15 . . . �e7 is considered slightly more exact. The two players have done an excellent job of anticipating mod­ em-day theory!

1 2.'it'hl �f5 1 3 . .§f3 �h4 14 . .§fl

16.� xe6 fxe6 17 . .§fdl 1 48

Prague 1 908 The alternative plan is 17.l''k 4 intend­ ing 1 8 . .§ e4. 1 8 . E! x d l 1 7 . . . E! x d l + 19.E!xd8+ 4) xd8, Draw

E!d8

Interestingly, ECO, Volume D (2nd edition), gives the entire game, evalu­ ating the position as slightly better for White, but reverses the names of the players !

possession of the c-file is more impor­ tant than that of the d-file. In part, this is because of the potential outposts on c4 or c5. Here the possibility of . 4Jd7b6-c4 gives Black the chances. ..

13.Ab2 'ifle7 14.E!fdl E!hd8

( 1 95 ) Vidmar - Rubinstein Prague ( 1 6) 1 908 Queens Gambit Tarrasch [D40] Notes by Kmoch (K) and Authors (A). l .d4 d5 2.e3 4)f6 3.4)f3 c5 4.c4 e6 5.4)c3 a6 6.d x c 5 A x c5 7.a3 dxc41? 8.� xd8+ 'ifl x d8 9.A xc4 b5 10.j}.e2 Ab7 l l .b4 j}.d6! 12.0-0 4) bd71

1 5 . E!d2?1

(K) Had the black maneuver . 4Jb64Jc4 occurred to Vidmar, he would no doubt have p l ay e d 1 5 . .§ ac l , with safety. He would have reserved to him­ self the opportunity of counterplay by 4Jd2, 4Jb3 and 4Jc5 or 4Ja5 . (A) The fact that White already has to play carefully should be noted. Black is already a little better, and White 's road to equality (if it exists) is not an easy one. . .

(K) The game appears very drawish, but contains certain fine points. Carefully considered, it becomes apparent that Black's minor pieces are better posted, for the queen 's knight does not obstruct the fianchettoed bishop, and the king's bishop is more effectively placed than his White colleague. The king in the middle of the board is advantageously mobilized, while the white king must be brought to the scene of action at the expense of several tempi. Nevertheless the game should have ended in a draw, but Vidmar does not seem to have had the remotest idea of the danger lurk­ ing, and plays too carelessly. (A) This game is an excellent illustra­ tion of Rubinstein's contributions to modem chess strategy. Today it is com­ mon knowledge among GM s that with this type of queenside pawn structure,

15 . . . 4) b6! 16.E!adl E!d7 17.'it'fl E!ad8

( A ) It s e e m s that t h e i m m e d i ate 1 7 ... .§ c8 is more consistent. If 18.4Jd4 then 18 . . . 4Jc4 19 . .1lxc4 .§ xc4 with bet­ ter chances. 18.h3 h6 19.E!d4?

(K) 19.4Jd4 should be played. With the text move, White has an inferior game. 1 49

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King t9 ... .§c81 20 . .§4d2

32 . .£) x a 6 .!ilc2 3 3 . .§ d 2 .£l e t + 3 4 . \t' f t .£l c 3 1 3 5 . -'td t .£l x f3 36 . .§d3 .£) xdt, 0-t

(A) In case of Kmoch 's recommenda­ tion 20.
( 1 96) Maroczy Rubinstein Prague ( 1 7) 1 908 French Exchange [CO l ] -

20 ... A x f31 2t.gxf3 Ae51 22 . .£)a4?

Notes by Lasker (L) and Schlechter (S).

(K) Preferable was 2 2 . f! xd7+
t.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4 . .£lf3 .£lf6 5.Ad3 Ad6 6.o-o o-o 7.Ag5 Ag4 8 . .£lc3 c6 9.h3 Ah5

22 ... .§ xd2 23 . .§ xd2

(K) I f 2 3 .d7, and Black wins.

(S) Black allows 10.g4 with the hope that this will give him winning chances. The simple 9 . . . .ilxf3 1 0 .�xf3
23 ... -'l, x b2 24 . .£) xb2 .§ct+ 25 . .§dt

tO.g4 Ag6 1 1 . .£)e5 Ae7

( K ) Or 2 5 . 'it>g 2 f! a l 2 6 . f! d 3 f! a 2 27.f!b3
(S) Here l l . . .h8 .

2 5 . . . .§ c 2 26 . .£) d 3 .§ a 2 27 . .£) e 5 .£)fd5 2 8. .§d3 .§at+ 29.\t'g2 .£)c41

t 2.f4 Jlxd3 13.� xd3 .£Jbd7?1

(L) Black should play 13 . . .
(K) A little combination : if 30.
(S) Better was 19 . . . cxd4. White must capture with the pawn, and Black can take control of the open c-file. 2 0 . Ae3 c x d4 2 t . A x d4 Jlc 5 2 2 . .£J e 3 .£) g6 2 3 . �f5 .§ c 7 24 . .§fetl

3 0 . .£) c 6 + \t'f6 3 1 . 'il b8 .£J x a 3

( S ) B ut not 24 . .ilxc5? .§ xe S 2 5 . �f2 1 50

Prague 1 908 36.g5+1 fxg5 37.it x h7+ 1-0

.§ xeS 26.�xt7+ �h8 and Black stands well (27.4.Jf5? .§ c7).

After 3 7 . . . �xh7 3 8 . 4J x g 5 + and 39.4Jxh3, the endgame is hopeless for Black.

24 . . . �b6 25.� x b6 a x b6 26 . .£)c2 E{ce7 27 . .£)d4 itb8 28 . .£)f3 f6?!

( 1 97) Rubinstein - Spielmann Prague ( 1 8) 1 908 Dutch [A85] Notes by Razuvaev (R) and Kmoch (K). l .d4 e6 2 . .£)f3 f5 3.c4 .£)f6 4 . .£lc3 b6 5.g3 Ab7 6.Ag2 Ae7?1

(K) (R) Correct is 6 . . . 1.tb4. 29.exf6! itg3+?

7.0-0 0-0 8.�f4

(S) Here 29 . . . .§ xe2!? comes into con­ sideration : 30.t7+ �h8 3 l .fxe8=Q+ .§ xe8 32 . .§ xe8+ �xe8 33.�f2 �c6, or 33.'l£i'xd5 �e3+ 34.�fl �cl +, etc.

(R) Here 8.d5!? deserves attention. 8 . . . h6

(R) Twenty years later, 8 .. .'�::le 4 was the usual continuation in such positions. (L) Instead, 30.�h l ! 'l£i'xh3+ 3 1 .4.Jh2 gives White the advantage. [Authors : After 3 l . . .gxf6 3 2 .�xd5+ �f8 3 3 . .§ x e7 .§ xe7 34 . .§ x e7 4.Jxe7 35.'l£i'xb7 'l£i'e3 White has an extra pawn but the win is technically difficult.]

9.itc2 d6 10.E{adl .£) bd7 1 1 . .£)ell

30 . . . it x h3 + 3 1 . 'it/f 2 Et x e 2 + 3 2 . E{ x e 2 Et x e 2 + 3 3 . 'it/ x e 2 g x f6 34. it xd5+ 'it/g7

( S ) O r 34 . . . �f8 3 5 . 'l£i' d 8 + �g7 36 :iil'c 7+ �f8 37.�b8+ and 38.�xb7+, with play similar to the game.

(R) An important strategic method, in­ troduced in practice by Rubinstein. The exchange of the bishops is in White 's favor, because it gives him an opportu­ nity to attack in the center with the moves e2-e4 and d4-d5 .

35.itx b7+ 'it/h6?

( S) Losing immediately. Rubinstein overlooked the following combi nation. The black king had to return to f8. 151

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King n ... j}, xg2

12.� xg2 �c8

(R) Wrong idea! Black's queen should be on the kingside, hence 12 . . . �e8!. 13.-'l.c l l

(K) Now d 5 is threatened, shattering the black formation in the center. 13 . . . .§f7

(K) The only resistance. Now if 1 4.d5 e 5 , and if 1 5 .�xf5 4::\ x d S . Instead, 13 ... �h8 was not feasible because of 14.4:Jf4. [ A uthors : T h e variat i o n g i ven by Kmoch is wrong. See the next note by Razuvaev. ] 14.f4

(R) Also strong was 14.d5, because in case of 1 4 . . . e5 White had 1 5 .�xf5 ! 4::\ x d5?? 16.4::\ x dS! [Authors ' note : This move is omitted by many annotators.] 1 6 .. ./':hfS 17.4::\ x e7+ and White wins.

1 7 .e41 f x e4 19.�c31

1 8 . � x e4

� xd5

(K) This is the point of the pawn sacri­ fice. 19 . . . � x c3 20 . � x g6 + .§g7 2 l . � e 6 +
(R) Weaker is 25 . . . Ag5 26.Axg5 hxg5 27.f6!, etc. 2 6 . � x h 6 .§ h 7 2 7 . � e 3 d 5 2 8 . �e6+
14 . . . �b7?

(R) Mandatory was 1 4 . . . c6, stopping 1 5 .d5.

( 1 98) Rubinstein - Siichting Prague ( 1 9) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [D25]

1 5 .d5!

(R) Today, this is a typical method of handling such positions, but in 1 908 it was considered almost as a revelation. The pawn d5 divides Black's two wings and creates a space advantage, also the pawn f5 is weakened. In this particular case an additional benefit is that Black's queen is bottled up on b7. 1 5 ... exd5 16.cxd5 g6 1 52

1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 �f6 3.c4 dxc4 4.e3 g6 5.Axc4 Ag7 6.�c3 0-0 7.0-0 � bd 7 8 .e4 � b6 9 . Ae 2 Ad 7 10.-'l,f4 .§c8 l l .�d2 c5 1 2.d xc5 .§ xc5 13 . .§ad1 .§c8 14.-'1,h6 -'1,c6 1 5 . � e 3 �c7 1 6 . .1l, x g 7
Lodz 1908 The autumn of 1 908 brought the Ameri­ can champion Frank Marshall to Po­ land. During his stay he played in a tri­ angular match with the top two Polish players - Rubinstein and Salwe - in Lodz and then played a match with Akiva in Warsaw. Evidence is sketchy but it would appear that these events were organized at a relatively late date and that Marshall originally came to Po­ land to play in a five-player tournament organ ized by the Lodz Chess Club. Casopis Ceskolovenskych Sachistu from 190 8 (p. 196) reports that Rubinstein, Salwe, Schlechter, Marco, and Marshall would play each other four times and compete for 1175 rubles (400, 300, 225, 150, 100) in prizes, in an event to be held in Warsaw that fall. Confirmation of this theory comes from The Yearbook of Chess 1908 (p. 21 3 ) which reports on the triangular tourna­ ment at Lodz. "The tournament of a partly international and partly national character, which it had been intended to hold at Warsaw, was abandoned in favor of a similar event to be styled the Chigorin Memorial Tournament, sub­ sequently held at St. Petersburg in Feb­ ruary and March of 1909. In place of the Warsaw tournament, a triangular tournament or match was substituted at Lodz, Marshall being invited to oppose Rubinstein and Salwe. Lodz 1908 was a tournament of historic

significance. As Andy Soltis points out in his book on Frank Marshall, Lodz 1908 by modem standards would be a Category 1 3 event (average +2550). Of all the tournaments held up to that time, only St. Petersburg 1895-96 was certi­ fiably stronger. Rubinstein received 400 rubles for his victory, Marshall 250, and Salwe 150. T h e fo l l ow i n g games between Rubinstein and Marshall appear in the order in which they faced each other, but were not played consecutively (i.e., the three players took turns playing each other). (199) Marshall - Rubinstein Lodz ( I ) 1908 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D34] Notes by S c h l echter, in Deutsche Schachzeitung 1908 (S), and Zinkl, in Neue Freie Presse Vienna 1908 (Z). l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.4)f3 Ae6 6.g3

( S ) S c h lechter 's innovation in the Prague tournament of 1908, the game Schlechter-Dus-Chotimirsky. The move can be made when Black has played . . .£le6, . . . 4:Jc6, or . . 4:Jf6. .

.

6 . . . 4) c6 7.Ag2 4) f6 8.0-0 .11 e 7 9.Ag5

Lodz 1 908

Rubinstein

Marshall

Salwe

Total

I . Rubinstein

x x x x x xxx

Yz l Yz 'li l O O l

O l l 'li l 'li 'li 'li

9 Y,

2 . Marshall

Yz O Yz 'li O I I O

x x x x x x x x

'li Yz O I Yz 'li Yz l

8

3. Salwe

I O O Yz O Yz Yz 'li

'li 'li 1 O 'li 'li 'liO

xxxxxxxx

6 'li

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King (S) Schlechter played 9 .a3 against Dus­ Chotimirsky.

2 0 . . . A x e 5 , then 2 l . A x f7 + � x f7 22.�f5+ .

9 ... 0-0 lO.§cl

20 ... h6! 21. �f3 �b21

(S) If 1 0 . Axf6 Axf6 l l .dxc5 Axc3 1 2 .bxc3 �a5, etc.

(S) He still dare not play 2 l . . .Axe5 on account of 22 .Axf7+.

10...cxd4 11.4) xd4 4) xd4 12. � x d4 �a5 13.b41 �a3

22.Jlxf7+

(S) If 22.exf6, then 22 . . . El xd5.

( S ) If 1 3 . . . �xb4, then 1 4 . Axf6 gxf6 1 5 . � x b 4 Axb4 1 6 . 4J x d 5 A x d 5 1 7.Axd5 El ab8 18.Elc7, with the bet­ ter game. (Z) If 1 3 . . . A x b 4 ? 1 4 . A x f6 g x f6 1 5 .4Jxd5 with advantage.

22 ... § x f7 23.exf6 § xdl + 24.§ xdl � x f6, Draw

(200) Rubinstein - Marshall Lodz (2) 1 908 Four Knights [C49] Notes by Schlechter from Deutsche Schachzeitung 1 908 (S), and Kmoch (K).

( S ) Threaten ing to win a piece by 1 5 .4Jxd5 .

l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c6 3 . .£lc3 4) f6 4.Ab5

1 4 . . . � x b4 1 5 . Jl x f6 Jl x f6 1 6 . 4) x d 5 -'l, x d 5 1 7 . -'l, x d5 §fd8 18.§fdl

(K) Rarely played by Rubinstein later in his career. On the infrequent occa­ sions he did essay l .e4, he usually con­ tinued after l . . .e5 2.f4.

(S) Stronger was 18.Elc7 . (Z) If 18. El c7? �a5! . 18 ... §d7 19.e4 §adS

4 ... j},b4 5.0-0 0-0 6.d3 d6 7.4)e2 -'l,g4

(S) The usual continuation, 7 . . . 4Je7, leads to complicated and not easy to be handled middlegame positions for both players. (K) Recognized continuations are 7 . . . Aa5 or 7 . . . 4Je7. Marshall, however, prefers energetic variations, though they be double-edged. 8.Ae3 4)h5? 20.e51

( S ) A n e x c e l l ent m o v e . If n o w

(S) Weak, because here the knight is not useful, and . . . f7-f5, which probably 1 54

Lodz 1 908 was intended, is not feasible. Best is 8 . . . 4Je7. (K) Weak ! Black could obtain a good game by 8 . . . .ilxf3 9.gxf3 dS!. The ad­ vance in the center disrupts White 's plans on the kingside. 9.Axc6 bxc6 10.4)ell

(S) White could win a pawn by 10.c3 �a S 1 1 . �a4 , but a ft er 1 1 . . . .ilb6 12 ..ilxb6 ( 1 2.�xc6?! .§ b8 1 3.b3 .ild7 14.�c4 .ilxe3 1 S .fxe3 .ilbS) 1 2 . . . axb6 1 3 .�xc6 .ild7 (also good is 13 . . . .ilxf3 and 1 4 . . . �f6) 14.�c4 .ile6, White must p l ay again 1 S . �c 6 ( 1 S . �b4? c S 1 6 . �b S .§ a S 1 7 .�c6 �b8 etc . , o r l S . �bS? .§ a S 1 6 . �c6 .ild7 1 7 . �c4 .ilbS etc.), with a draw by repetition. 10 . . . d5

. . . .ilcS , would have been good. In ad­ dition, 1 3 . . . .ild6 was also far superior to the move actually made. t4 . .1l,d2 Jl.e7 15.4)g2 ftab8 t6.b3 c 5 1 7 . 4) f5 Jl. x f5 1 8 .g x f5 Et b 6 19.ftf2 'ltd7 20.'lte2 ftfb8 2 1.f4 exf4 22 . .1l,xf4 c4

(S) An attempt for counterplay in a position that is already strategically lost. 23.bxc4

( S ) I f 2 3 . d x c 4 .il c S 2 4 . �d 3 4Jg4 25 . .§e2 f6, followed by ... 4::\e S. 23 ... ftbl+ 24.ft xbl ft xbl+ 25.ftfl ft b 2 2 6 . e 5 4) e8 27 . .1l.g3 'lta4 28.f6! .ll.f8

(K) White is now well prepared for this. His attack on the flank gets into full play. (S) Black should capture both knights and then bring the knight back into play with . . . 4Jf6. In this case he would have good chances.

( S ) I f 28 . . . .§ xc2 29.�g4 .ilf8 30.e6 and White wins. The best defense is 28 ... gxf6 29.exf6 .ilf8. (K) A fter 28 . . . gxf6 29 . .ilh4 is very strong.

l l .f3 .ll. e6 12.g4 4)f6 13.4)g3

(S) I f 29 . . . �xc2 30 . .ilf2 . (K) lf 29 . . . �xc2 30.4Jf4 (with the principal threat 3 l .�d7 and e6!) 30 . . . �a4 3 l .e6 4::\ xf6 32 .exf7+ 'i!i'h8 33.�h4! is decisive.

29.'ltg4 g6

(S) Premature is 1 3 . 4Jg2? because of 13 . . . dxe4 1 4.dxe4 .ilc4!. 13 . . . d4?

30.e6 Et xc2

(S) Better is 13 . . . .1ld6. (K) A grave error! After the needless removal of the pressure in the center, White can comfortably give attention to the attack on the kingside. It is true that 1 3 . . dxe4 1 4.dxe4 .llc4 would be weak, for evidently there would follow 1 S .4Jd3 . But 13 . . . .£Jd7, in order to play

(K) If 30 .. .fxe6 3 l .�xe6+, and 32 .�f7 w i n s . A n d i f 30 . . . � x c 2 e v i dently 3 l .exf7+ 'it'h8 32.4Jf4 4::\ xf6 33.4::\ x g6+, etc., is overwhelming.

.

3 1 . 4) e l l .§ x a 2 3 2 . e x f7+ � x f7 33.4)f3 1 55

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King 4) b4 17 .0-0 4) x a2 18 . .§c4 .Q.xf3

(K) It is now evident that 3 1 .4::\e l won an important tempo.

Rubinstein, of course, does not fall into the trap with 18 . . . Jld3, which would l o s e a p i e c e after 1 9 . l:"l a4 .,Q. x f l 20.�xfl .

33 ... 4) xf6 34.4)g5+ �g7

19.gxf3 a5 20 . .§d4 4) b4 2l . .§fdl 4) a6 22 . .§d7 h 6 2 3 . b3 .§ c 7 24 . .§ 1 d4 g 5 2 5 . .§ x c7 4) x c7 26 ..§d7 .§c8 27.h4 4)a6 28. .§ x b7

The alternative i s 2 8 . h x g 5 , and i f 2 8 . . . 4::\ x c5, then 29.l:"ld5 4::\ x b3 30.gxh6, with some chances for more than a draw. 35 . .§ xf6! �xf6 36.�f4+ �e7 28 . . . 4) xc5 29 . .§b5 4)d3 30 . .§ xa5 gx h4 3l.�g2 .§bS 32 . .§a3 4)el + 33.�h3 4)c2, Draw

(K) I f 36 . . . �g7 37.4Je6+ mating on the following move. 37.�f7+ �d8 38.4)e6+, 1-0

(202) Rubinstein - Marshall Lodz (4) 1 908 Vienna [C28]

(20 1 ) Marshall - Rubinstein Lodz (3) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [032]

l .e4 e5 2 . 4) c3 4) f6 3 . .Q.c4 4)c6 4 . d 3 .Q.b4 5 . .Q.g 5 h 6 6 . .Q. x f6 .Q. x c3 + 7 . b x c 3 � x f6 8 . 4) e 2 d6 9.0-0 g5 10.�d2 .Q.d7 ll . .§abl 0-0-0 1 2 . .Q.d5 h5 13.c41 h4 14.f3 b6 1 5 . .Q. x c 6 .Q. x c 6 1 6 .a4 a 5 1 7 . 4) c3 .§ dg8 1 8 . 4) d 5 .Q. x d 5 1 9 . c x d 5 � f4 20 . .§f2 � x d 2 2 1 . .§ x d2 �d7 22.h3 f5 23.exf5 .§fS 24 . .§e2 .§ x f5 2 5 . .§e4 .§f4 26.�f2 .§bS 27.c4 .§ x e4 28.dxe4 c6 29.dxc6+ � x c6, Draw

Notes from the American Chess Bulle­ tin 1 9 1 0. l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 c5 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . 4) f3 4) f6 6 . .Q. g 5 .Q.e7 7.dxc5 .Q.e6 8.e4

[Authors ' note: Recent theory consid­ ers 8 . l:"l c l , w h i c h w a s p l ayed b y Mars h a l l i n a later r o u n d agai n s t Rubinstein, a s stronger.]

(203 ) Marshall - Rubinstein Lodz (5) 1 908 Queen 's Pawn [002]

8 . . . 0 - 0 9 . .Q.d3 d x e4 1 0 . .Q. x e4 4) x e4 l l . � x d8 .Q. x d8 1 2 . 4) x e4 .Q.d5! 13 . .Q. x d8 .Q. x e4

Better is 1 3 . . . l:"l xd8. 14.Ag 5 4)a6 15.Ae3 .§fc8 16 . .§cl

Notes by Deutsches Wochen-schach und Berliner Schachzeitung 1 908 (D), Kmoch (K) and Razuvaev ( R) . 1 56

Lodz 1 908 l .d4 d5 2.-'\.f4 4)f6 3 . ./df3 e6 4.e3 c5 5.c3 4)c6 6.-'td3 �b6 7.�cl

1 5 . . . Ab5 t 6 . Ac 2 � a 6 1 7 . .§ a l -'td3 t8.Adl?

(D) The alternatives are 7:?tfc2 and 7.i£i"b3, but in both cases, after 7 . . . c4 B lack has a good game.

(K) By the effort to retain his king's bishop, White falls into a woeful posi­ tion. 18.Axd3 i£i"xd3 1 9 .4Jf3 is essen­ tial, with only the slightest positional inferiority.

7 . . . Ad7 8.0-0 .§c8 9.4)bd2 Ae7 lO . .§bl

(K) Instead, 1 0.h3, to be followed by �b1 , aiming at dxc5 and e4, seems to be better.

(K) If 1 9.b3? i£i"a5! . 1 9 . . . a51

10 ... 0-0 1 1 . �dl .§fd8

(D) If 1 1 . . . 4:\hS, then 1 2 .4:\eS 4:\xf4 ( 1 2 . . . 4:\xeS 1 3.Axh7+!) 1 3.Jlxh7+ �h8 ( 1 3 . . . �xh7 1 4 . 4:\xd7) 1 4 . 4Jxd7 i£i"c7 1 5 .exf4 i£i"xd7 16.'�h5 and White wins.

(D) Also good is 1 9 . . . c4 20.4Jd4 i£i"xb2, etc. (K) Stronger than 1 9 . . . c4 20.4Jd4 i£i"xb2 2 l .Jlf3, and White has some play for the pawn.

1 2 . 4) e 5 4) x e 5 14.�h5 f5

20.Af3 -'te4 21 . .§e2

1 3 . d x e5

./d e S

(K) All his efforts to avoid the exchange were fruitless - the bishop cannot es­ cape its fate. But Rubinstein waits for the right moment.

(K) Not 1 4 . . . g6 because of 1 5 .i£i"h6 Jlb5 1 6 . .ll x b5 i£i"xb5 17.4Jf3, and White has a strong attack. 1 5 . .§fel?

2 1 . . . 4)c7 22 . .§d2 a4 23 . ./d c l g6 24.�h3

(D) The immediate 24.'�h6 is better. 24 . . . Cifi'h81

(K) This method of avoiding the threat­ ened exchange of bishops (by . . . Ab5) is entirely erroneous. The correct pro­ ce dure is 1 5 .exf6 4Jxf6 1 6. �e2, fol­ lowed by e4, with about an even gam e.

(D) Preparing . . . g5 . If immediately 24 ... g5, then 25.Jlxg5 Jlxg5 26.i£i"g3 h6 27.h4 . (K) Threatening destruction b y 25 . . . g5! White is now gravely beset in the cen­ ter, as well as on both wings; collapse is inevitable. 25.�h6 Axf3 26. g x f3 g51 27.Ag3 d4 2 8 . e x d4 f4 2 9 . 4) e 2 f x g3

1 57

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King 3 0 . h x g 3 �c6 3 1 . � h 5 E!f8 32.\t'g2 �e8 33.�g4 �g6 34.E!h1 c4!

4 1 .{\g3! l"! xg3+ 42.fxg3 �e l + 43.
(K) Making d5 secure for his knight. 38 . . . �e4 39.\t'g1 4:) e3 ! 40. 4:) g3 E! xg3+! 41.fxg3 �b1+ 42.\t'f2

35.�e4 \t'g7!

(K) Marshall 's move was very good, Rubinstein's answer still better. After 35 . . . �xe4 36.fxe4, with f4, etc., as soon as possible, the white pawns could still have proven very formidable.

(K) Now White has three pawns for the piece, but his queen is cut off, and B lack has the attack. In such cases the extra piece is always decisive. 37.g4

( D ) Or 4 2 . �h 2 {\ x g 4 + 4 3 . �h 3 (43.
(204) Rubinstein - Marshall Lodz ( 6) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D3 1 ] 1 .d4 d 5 2.4:)f3 4:) d7 3.c4 e6 4.4:)c3 c6 5.e4 dxe4 6.4:) x e4 4:)gf6 7.Ad3 4:) xe4 8.A x e4 4:)f6 9.Ac2 Ab4+ 10.Ad2 �a5 1 1 .0-0 A x d2 1 2 . 4:) x d 2 0-0 1 3 . c 5 b6 14. 4:) b3 �b4 15. �f3 Aa6 16.E!fd1 bxc5 1 7 . d x c 5 E! fd8 1 8 . � x c6 Ab7 1 9 . �c 7 4:)d5 2 0 . � e 5 4:) f4 2 1 . E{ x d8+ E! x d8 2 2 . E! d 1 E{ x d 1 + 23. A x d 1 f 6 24.a3 f x e 5 25.a x b4 A xg2 26.f3 e4 27.c6 exf3 28.c7?? 4:)h3+ mate, 0-1

(205) Marshall - Rubinstein Lodz (7) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D32]

37 ... E! xf3!! 38.�xc8

N o t e s b y Mars h a l l ( M ) , and by Bachmann in The Yearbook of Chess 1908 (B).

( R ) More re s i stan c e i s o ffered b y 38.�xf3, but in this case B lack also wins : 38 . . . l"l f8+ 3 9 . �g2 (weaker is 3 9 . g3 �e4 40. l"l fl l"l f3 + 4 1 . �h2 �xg4 42.{\g3 �f7! , and there is no de­ fense against . . . {Jf4) 39 . . . �e4+ 40.�gl l"l f3!. Now White has a difficult choice: 4 1 .l"l h2? l"l d3! 42.l"l xd3 cxd3 , and the d-pawn will be promoted into a queen;

(M) Time was of essence in this game. It was truly a case of first come, first served. (B) A game which displays Marshall's erratic genius in its most fav orable light. 1 58

Lodz 1 908 l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 c5 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . 4) {3 4) f6 6 . Jl g 5 Ae7 7.dxc5 Ae6 S . .§cl 0-0 9.Jlxf6

(M) There are various ways of playing to hold the pawn, but that sort of policy is inconsistent with my style. 9 . . . A x f6 10.e3 �a5 l l .a3 4)c6 1 2.Ad3 �xc5 13.h4!?

(M) This is not mere pawn-grabbing, it is played with the following sacrifice in view. (B) 16 . . . .ilxc3 was better, as will be seen on the next move. 17.g3 A xg3!

(M) Leads to a very dangerous attack­ if B lack's king doesn 't perish first! (B) Rubinstein has committed himself to an attempt at obtaining an equiva­ lent in pawns for this piece. He cannot retreat the bishop, or Marshall will play �d3! forcing the win by �h7+ , fol­ lowed by l"l xh6! 18.fxg3 �g5 19.�d3

(M) Indicating my aggressive intention s . ( B ) A style o f attack frequently favored by Marshall, and lately by Rubinstein also.

(M) The echo of my Paris 1 900 game w ith B urn with 1 4 . Jl x h 7 + would be u n s o u n d ( 1 4 . . . � x h 7 1 5 . 4:\ g S + �g6 ) .

(M) This loses, despite its tempting appearance. Correct was 19 . . . 4:\eS!, and B l ack ' s attack s h o u l d s u c c e e d (20.�h7+ � f7 2 1 .1"\fl + '!Je7 and White has no good move).

1 4. . .h 6 15.4) xe6 fxe6

(M) The foregoing exchange may tum out to be beneficial or harmfu l for either player. On the one hand, Black has the open f-file for attacking pur­ poses, on the other, the long diagonal leading to his h7 has been opened for various th reats by White.

20.cit;>d2 .§f2+ 21.4)e2 4)e5

(M) Too late . White has a beautiful forced win. 2 2 . � x h7 + cit;>f7 2 3 . .§c7+ �f6 24 . .§ x h6+!

16.j'tbl Jt xh4!

1 59

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King [Authors ' note: In his book Marshall 's Best Games of Chess, Marshall ends the game here. All other sources give one more move.]

in which they were played. We know the results, but not which game is which - except the first. (207) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz ( 1 ) 1 908 Giuoco Piano [C50]

24 ...gxh6 25."�e7+ mate, 1-0

(206) Rubinstein - Marshall Lodz (8) 1 908 Dutch [A84] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c6 3.c4 e6 4.e3 .1ld6 5 . 4) c3 f5 6 . 4) e 5 A x e 5 7 . d x e 5 'ild7 S.f4 tfJe7 9.Ae2 dxc4 10.a41 b6 1 1 . 0 - 0 Ab7 1 2 . .1l x c4 la d S 13.tfJe2 4)h6 14.b3 'ilf7 1 5.e4 g6 16.Ae3 c5 17.laad1 lagS 1S.laf2 4) bS 1 9 . la x dS+ 4) x dS 2 0 . e x f 5 1 gxf5 21.tfJh5+ 'ilf7 22.4)b5 �fS 2 3 . tfJ x h7 la h S 2 4 . tfJ g 6 la h 6 25.tfJg3 a6

1 .e4 e5 2.4)c3 4) f6 3 . .1lc4 .1lc5 4.d3 d6 5.4)f3 4)c6 6.Ae3 Ab6 7 . tfJ d 2 Ae6 s . Ab3 d 5 9 . A x b6 a x b6 10.4)g5 tfJd7 1 1 .0-0 d x e4 1 2 . A x e6 f x e6 1 3 . 4) g x e4 4) x e4 14. 4) x e4 0-0 15.lafe1 tfJd5 16.a3 laadS 17. lae3 h6 1S.laae1 �h7 19. tfJc3 laf7 20.4)d2 ladfS 21 .f3 b5 2 2 . 4) e4 �gS 2 3 . 4) f2 h 5 2 4 . lae4 la f 4 2 5 . la 1 e 3 la x e4 26.dxe4 tfJc4 27. tfJd2 ladS 2S.lad3 la x d3 2 9 . 4) x d 3 g6 3 0 . h4 �g7 31.�h2 tfJd4 32.tfJg5 tfJd6 33.f4 exf4 34.4) xf4 e5 35.4) xh5+ �f7 36.4)g3 4)d4 37.h5 gxh5 38.tfJxh5+ �fS 39.c3 4) c 6 40. tfJhS+ �f7 41.4)f5 tfJg6 42.g4 tfJg5 43. tfJh7+ �f6 44.�h3 tfJc1 45.tfJg7+ �e6 4 6 . � h 4 tfJ h 1 + 4 7 . � g 5 tfJ x e4 4 S . tfJgS + �d7 4 9 . �f6 tfJf4 50.tfJe6+ �dS 51.g5, 0-1

2 6 . 4) d6! 4) x d6 27 . e x d6 tfJ x d6 2 S . tfJg 5 la h 7 2 9 . la d 2 A d 5 3 0 . tfJf6+ la f 7 3 1 . la x d 5 tfJ x d 5 32.tfJhS+ mate, 1-0

While the games between Marshall and Rubinstein are not difficult to find, games between Rubinstein and Salwe are not at all easy to track down. Only Leopold Hoffer 's column in the The Field gave all eight games. Unfortu­ nately, Hoffer didn 't mention the order

White has an easily winning position but . . . his flag fell! [New Yorker Staats-Zeitung, November 22, 1 908.] 1 60

Lodz 1 908 ( 2 08) Salwe - Rubinstein Lodz 1 908 Four Knights [ C49 ] A ft e r obta i n i n g the two b i s h o ps ( 1 5 . . . 4:Jh4 ! ) , Rub instein produces a strategic masterpiece, a model which will be seen many more times (see, for examp l e , game # 3 1 9 , Tarrasch­ Rubinstein, San Sebastian 1 9 1 2) . l .e4 e5 2 . .£) f3 .£)c6 3 . .£)c3 .£) f6 4 . A b 5 Ab4 5 . 0 - o o-o 6.d3 d6 7 . .£)e2 .£)e7 8.c3 Aa5 9 . .£)g3 .£)g6 10.d4 c6 l l .dxe5 d x e5 l2.'�xd8 E! x d8 1 3 .Ac4 h 6 1 4 . h 3 A b 6 1 5 . Jl. d 2 ? .£) h4! 1 6 . .£) x h4 .§ x d2 1 7 . E! a b l Ac7 1 8 . .§fd l E! x d l + 19. E! xdl lit>fS 20 . .£)f3 b 5 2t .Ab3 g 6 22 . .£) e l lit>e7 2 3 . 1it>f l .£) d7 24 . .£) d 3 a5 2 5 . a 3 .£) b6 26.1it>e2 Ad6 27. .£)fl c5 28. .£)cl c4 29.Ac2 Aa6 30.Iit>f3 Ab7 3 l . lit>e2 Ac5 32 . .£)e3 h5 33.h4 lit>e6 34.g3 E!fS

57.1it>gl J}.e1 58.J}.c2 1it>g6 59.-'i.bl lit>g5 6o.Ac 2 Ad7 6 t . lit>g2 Ad2 6 2 . J}. b l h3+ 6 3 . 1it>g3 A e l + 6 4 . 1it> h 2 lit> h 4 6 5 . Ac 2 Ae8 66 . .£)gt .ilg3+ 67.1it>ht Ah5, o-t [New Yorker Staats-Zeitung, November 22, 1 908.]

( 2 09) Rubinstein - Salwe Lodz 1 908 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [03 3] Notes by Hoffer in The Field 1 908 (H), Kmoch (K), and Razuvaev (R). (H) A perfect model game. After all Salwe made only one weak move, and this was sufficient for Rubinstein to evolve a plan which he consistently pursued right up to the end. (K) An instructive blockading game. Rubinstein even at that date was an excellent master of the principles of the "blockade," to be later popularized by Nimzovitch. (R) This game is a classical model for the fight against the isolated pawn and hanging pawns. The maneuvers 1 4.f3, 1 6 . .§ f2 , 19.Afl , 20.e3 are within the reach of only a great strategist. l .d4 d5 2 . .£)f3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd5 5 . .£)c3 .£)f6 6.g3 .£)c6 7.Ag2 c x d4

(R) Today this move is almost aban­ doned. Recent theory recommends 7 . . . .Jl.e7 or 7 . . . 1te6 .

35.b4 a x b4 36.a x b4 Ad6 37.1it>el .§aS 38 . .£)e2 E!a3 39.1it>d2 .£) a4 40 . .§bl E!a2 41 . .£)cl E!a3 42 . .£)e2 Ac7 4 3 . f3 Ab6 44 . .£) d l f6 45 . .£) b 2 .£) x b 2 46 . .§ x b 2 .§ a l 4 7. .§bl .§ xb1 48.j}.xbl Af2 49.g4 j}. x h4 50.gxh5 gxh5 5 1 . .£) g l J}.f2 52 . .£)h3 .ilg3 53. 1it>e2 �f7 54. �fl .1lc8 55 . .£l g l h4 56 . .£l e2 .1l h3 +

8 . .£) xd4 �b6

(H) This compels White to 9.4:Jxc6, which strengthens B lack's d5-pawn, but leaves a fresh weakness in the c­ pawn. 161

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 14.f31

(K) The "weakening" proves of value later. 14 ... Ae6 15.Ac5 E!fe8

(K) It was difficult to control the square d4 . Hence Rubinstein gracefully re­ vamps his plan of action. His principal aim is now, not to direct an attack against d5, but to blockade the square d4 and principally c5. 9 ... bxc6 10.0-0 1te7

(K) Thereafter it is no longer possible to avert the entry into c5. The d5 - pawn should have been "over-protected" by . . . Ae6 at once, in order to threaten . . . c5. (R) K m o c h ' s recommendation of 1 0 . . .Ae6 is weaker than the text, be­ cause after l l .e4! B lack's center col­ lapses, and the king is stuck in the cen­ ter. Also after the move actually played l l . e4 i s g o o d , as w a s proven i n Boleslavsky-Stoltz, Bucharest 1 95 3 . l l.l�a4 �b5 1 2.Ae3 0-0 13.Elcl Ag4

( H ) I nstead B lack should have de­ fen d e d his own weak pawn w i t h 1 3 . . . .ild7 . (R) It is d i fficult for B lack to find counterplay against White 's clear strat­ egy. Here 1 3 . . . .lla6 was deserving at­ tention. After the text Black's difficul­ ties are on the increase. 1 62

t6.E!f21

(H) White is now enabled to make this important move - which will come in handy for the defense of both the e­ pawn and indirectly the b-pawn - with­ out loss of time owing to Black's use­ less 1 3 . . . .llg4 . (R) The point of this fine move will be clear only at move 20. 16 .. .J£�d7 17.A xe7 E! xe7 18.�d4 E!ee8

(K) If 18 . . . .§ c8, not 1 9.�xa7 because B l ac k c o u l d obtain s o m e p l ay by 19 . . . c5, but more brutally 1 9.�c5 . [Authors ' note: ECO, without making reference to this game, presents all that has occurred up to this point as analy­ sis by Kasparov. After 18 . . . .§ c8 1 9.�c5 ECO continues 1 9 . . . � x c 5 20 . .§ xc5 �b6 2 1 . e 3 .ll d 7 w i th the idea o f . . . .§ ce8. We are not convinced that this can change the assessment from "White is better" to £CO's "White is slightly better." In both cases, White has a clear positional advantage ! ]

Lodz 1 908 19 .Afll .§ec8 20.e31

(R) Now the profundity ofWhite 's 1 4th m o v e i s c l e ar. B l ac k i s w i thout counterplay, and all of White's pieces are active and playing with wonderful coordination. 20 . . . �b7 21 . .£lc5 .£l xc5 22 . .§ xc5 .§c7 23 . .§fc2

(H) It is quite interesting how consis­ tently Rubinstein played for this posi­ tion, carrying out the original plan of concentrating his forces on the open c­ file. 23 ... �b6

(K) Another type of move was 23 . . . a5. Now Black becomes completely tied up. 24.b4! a6 25 . .§a5

(R) Here 25 . .§ xd5 was possible, but clearly Rubinstein prefers to extermi­ nate Black's queenside. 25 . . . .§b8

( H ) If 25 . . . i;J x d4 2 6 . e x d4 .A.c8 27 . .§ xd5, etc. 2 6 . a 3 .§ a 7 27 . .§ x c 6 ! � x c 6 28 . � x a7 .§aS 2 9 . � c 5 �b7 3 0.'iflf2

(K) First to secure the kingside, then to the final attack.

(2 1 0) Sa/we - Rubinstein Lodz 1 908 Four Knights [C49] l .e4 e5 2 . .£lf3 .£lc6 3 . .£lc3 .£lf6 4 . Jt b 5 Ab4 5 . 0 - o o-o 6.d3 d6 7 . .£je2 .£l e7 8.c3 Aa5 9 . .£l g 3 c6 10.Aa4 .£l g6 l l .d4 .§e8 1 2.dxe5 d xe5 13.�xd8 .§ x d8 14.j},b3 Ae6 1 5 . Ae 3 Ab6 1 6 . j}, x e6 f x e6 17 . .§fdl A xe3 18.fxe3 'it>f7 19.h3 h6 20.'iflf2 h5 21.'ifle2 'it>e7 22.h4 .§ x d l 23 . .§ x d l .§ d 8 24 . .§ x d8 'iflxd8, Draw

(2 1 1 ) Sa/we - Rubinstein Lodz 1 908 Four Knights [C49] l . e4 e5 2 . .£lf3 .£lc6 3 . .£lc3 .£lf6 4 . Jt b 5 Ab4 5 . 0 - o o-o 6.d3 d6 7 . .£je2 .£l e7 8.c3 Aa5 9 . .£l g 3 c6 10 . .Ila4 .£l g 6 l l .d4 .§e8 1 2.Ac2 h6 1 3 . h 3 Ae6 1 4 . Ae3 �d7 1 5.'it>h2 Ac7 16.�d2 d5 17.exd5 .ll x d 5 1 8 . J,t x g 6 f x g6 19 . .£l x e5 A xe5 20.dxe5 .§ xe5 2 1.Ad4 .£je4 2 2 . .£j x e4 .§ x e4 23 . .§fel .§ae8 24 . .§ x e4 .§ x e4 2 5 . Ae3 g 5 26.f3 .§e8 27.b3 b5 28 . .§el �f7 29.Ad4 .§ xel 30.� xel a5 3 1 .�e3 �f4+ 3 2 . � x f4 g xf4 33.Ae5 g 5 34.h4 'it>f7 3 5 . h x g 5 h x g5 3 6 . g 3 'it>e6 37.Ac7 a4 38.b x a4 b x a4 39.a3 .ll xf3 40. g xf4 gxf4 4l . .ll xf4 'ifld5 42. 'it>g3 Jth5 43. 'it>f2 'it>c4 44. 'ifle3 'ifl xc3 45.Ad6, Draw

(2 1 2) Sa/we - Rubinstein Lodz 1 908 Four Knights [C49]

3 0 . . . h5 3 1 ..\le2 g 6 32.�d6 �c8 3 3 . .§ c 5 �b7 3 4 . h4 a 5 35 . .§c7 �b8 36.b 5 a4 37.b6 .§a5 38.b7, 1-0

l . e4 e5 2 . .£l f3 .£lc6 3 . .£lc3 .£lf6 4 . A b 5 Ab4 5 . 0 - o o-o 6.d3 d6 7 . .£je2 .£l e7 8.c3 .ll a 5 9 . .£l g 3 c6 1 63

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 27.E!h8 b4 28. E{ x h7+ �f8 29.E!a7 b x a3 + 30 . � x a 3 4) c 3 3 l . E! x a6 4) d l 3 2 .f4 4) x e 3 3 3 . h 3 �f7 34.�b4 .Q.g2 3S.h4 AdS 36.�cS 4)fl 37.E!a3 �g6 38. �d6 4)d2 3 9 . E! d 3 4) e4 + 4 0 . �e7 �hS 41.E!e3 �g4 42.Eld3 .Q.c4 43.E!e3 .Q.dS 44.E!d3 Aa2 4S. E!a3 Ac4 4 6 . �f7 e S + 4 7 . �g6 4) x g3 48. E{ x g3 + � x g 3 4 9 . f x e S f x e S SO.�xfS, Draw

10 . .Q.a4 4)g6 l l .d4 E!e8 12 . .Q.c2 h6 1 3 . h3 .Q.e6 14 . .Q.e3 �d7 l S . d x e S d x e S 1 6 . � x d7 4) x d 7 1 7 . E! fd l .Q.b6 1 8 . .Q.b3 E! e d 8 1 9 . �f l .Q.c7 2 0 . .Q. x e6 f x e 6 2 1 . El d 2 4) b6 2 2 . .Q. x b6 a x b6 2 3 . E! a d l E! x d 2 2 4 . E{ x d 2 4) f8 2S.a3 �f7 26.�e2 �e7 27.4)el 4) d7 2 8 . 4) d 3 b S 2 9 . 4) f l .Q.d6 30. 4) e3 4) b6 3 1 .g3 Elf8 3 2 . E!c 2 4) c4 3 3 .f3 g S 3 4 . 4) x c4 b x c4 3S.4)f2 .Q.cS 36.4)dl hS 37.Eld2 h4 38.g4, Draw

(2 1 4) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [034]

(2 1 3) Rubinstein - Sa/we Lodz 1 908 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [040]

l .d4 dS 2 .c4 e6 3.4)c3 cS 4.c xdS exdS S.4)f3 4)c6 6.g3 4)f6 7.Ag2 Ae6 8.0-0 Ae7 9 . AgS 0-0 lO.E!cl

l .d4 dS 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 cS 4.e3 4)f6 S.4)f3 4)c6 6.a3 a6 7.dxcS AxeS 8.b4 .Q.e7

ECO gives only 8 . . . �a7 and 8 . . . �d6. 9 . .Q.b2 dxc4 10.-'\.xc4 bS 1 1.-'\.d3 .Q.b7 1 2 .0-0 0-0 1 3 . 4) e4 4) x e4 1 4 . .Q. x e4 E!c8 l S . E! c l � x d l 1 6 . E{ f x d l E!fd8 1 7 . �f l f S 1 8 . .Q. b l .Q.f6 1 9 . .Q. x f6 g x f6 20.-'\.a2 �f7 2 l .�e2 �e7 22.g3 E! xdl 23.� xdl

Rubinstein avo i d s the s i m p l i fying 10.dxc5 �xc5 l l .Jlxf6" �xf6 1 2 .<£Jxd5 �xb2 1 3 .4:J c 7 l:'l ad8 1 4 . � c l � x c l 1 5 . l:'l axc l , when 1 5 . . . Jlb6 was played in Rubinstein-Schlechter, Prague 1 908 (game # 1 94). 10 . . . cxd4

Today 10 . . . c4 and 1 0 . . . <£Je4 are consid­ ered better in th i s s i d e l i n e of the Tarrasch. 1 1 . 4) xd4 4) xd4 12.� xd4 �d7

ECO gives only 12 . . . �a5 1 3 .a3 with a c l ear edge for White in Oyckhoff­ Wat z l , corr. 1 94 0 . The text walks straight into a lost ending. 1 3 . e41 d x e4 1 4 . � x d7 A x d7 1 S . 4) x e4 Ac6 t 6 . � x f6 + g x f6 1 7 . -'\. h6 E! fc8 1 8 . A x c6 E! x c6 19.E! xc6 bxc6

2 3 . . . 4) x b4 24 . E{ x c8 A x f3 + 2 S . � c l 4) x a 2 + 2 6 . � b 2 A d S

1 64

Lodz 1 908 B lack's terrible pawn structure spells certain defeat. 20.E!cl E!c8 2l.E!c4 Af8 22.E!g4+ 'lt'h8 23.A xf8 E! x f8 24.E!a4 E!b8 2 5 . E! x a7 E! x b 2 2 6 . E! x f7 E! x a 2 27. E! x f6 E!c2 28.E!f7 'lt'g8 29.E!c7 c5 30.h4 h6 31.'lt'g2 c4 32.'lt'f3 c3 3 3 . h 5 'lt'h8 34.'lt'e3 'lt'g8 3 5 .g4 'lt'h8 3 6 .f3 !:':t e l 3 7 . 'lt'e4 c 2 38.39.'lt'f5 E! f l 40. E! x c2 E! xf3+ 4t.'tt'g 6, 1-0

1 65

Rubinstein-Marshall Match 1908 This match was held in Warsaw from October 25 to m id-November 1 90 8 . Curiously, the final score of 4 �-3 � (three wins to two ! ) for Rubinstein was exactly the same as what happened in Lodz less than a month earlier. What follows has been condensed from an in-depth article on this match that IM Minev wrote for Inside Chess, 1 988 (issue 9). All games of this match were published in Wiener Schachzeitung (supplement) of 1 9 1 0, pp. 278-29 1 . (2 1 5) Rubinstein - Marshall Warsaw ( I ) 1 908 Four Knights [C49)

now l l .h3 then l l . . .itxf5 1 2 .exf5 4Jg3, winning a pawn. Interesting for us is the game N i m z o v i t c h - W. C o h n , Ostende 1 907 ( a tournament i n which Rubinstein and Marshall participated): 10 . . . �f6 l l . h3 A x f5 1 2 .Ag5 �e6 1 3 . e x f5 � x f5 1 4 . g4 �e6 1 5 . g x h 5 � x h 3 . A s w e s h a l l s e e , M ar s h a l l adopted this sacrifice, improving i t with 10 . . . Ab6, which gains a tempo. ll . .Q.e3 �f6 12.h3 A x f5 13.Ag5 �e6 1 4 . e x f 5 � x f5 1 5 .g4 �e6 1 6 .g x h 5 � x h 3 1 7 . Ae3 A x e3 18.fxe3 �xh5 19.�f2

l . e4 e 5 2 . � f3 �c6 3 . � c3 � f6 4 . .Q.b5 .Q.b4 5 . 0 - 0 0-0 6.d3 d6 7 .�e2 Ag4 8.c3 .Q.c5

Today's theory is also well advanced in years : 8 . . . Axf3 9.gxf3 Ac5 1 0.d4 Ab6 l l .Ag5 h6 1 2 .Ae3 4Jh5 1 3 . 4Jg3 4J x g 3 1 4 . h xg3 �f6 1 5 . A x c 6 b x c6 1 6 . 'it>g2 �e6 with equal ity, Honfi­ Byvshev, Budapest 1 959. Also deserv­ ing investigation, and probably prom­ ising more for White, is 10.4Jg3!? fol­ lowed by f3-f4 . Or White might try l l .Axc6 bxc6 1 2 .dxe5 dxe5 1 3 .Ag5 or 1 3 . 4Jg3.

For recent theory, we are in new terri­ tory. White has won a piece for three pawns, but has to submit to a danger­ ous attack - an appropriate position for Marshall ' s style, but Rubinstein's ac­ curate defense proves triumphant.

9.�g3 �h5 10.�f5

19 . . . e4?!

Pillsbury's idea, recently also consid­ ered as White's best. to ... Ab6

So far as we know, this is Marshall 's innovation, and a tricky one at that. If

Tempting, but probably premature. 20 . .Q. x c6 bxc6 2 1 .dxe4 13ab8

Necessary. If 2 l . . . f5 then 2 2 .�b3+ 'it>h8 23.1"\hl . 2 2 .b3 f5 2 3 . § h l �g6 24. e5 f4

Rubinstein-Marshall Match 1 908 25.e4 �g3+ 26.�fl dxe5 27.�e2 §bd8 28.§dl h6

Maybe 28 . . . .§ d6 is better.

43 . � x g4 �d2+ 44. � x f3 �dl+ 4 5 . �f4 � d 2 + 4 6 . � f 5 � x e l 47.�g6+ �h8 48.�e6 a 5 49.�f7, 1-0

29.§h51 g5 30.§ xh6 g4 31.§xd8 § x d8 32.�c4+

(2 1 6) Marshall - Rubinstein Warsaw (2) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D32] l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.4)f3 4)f6

Even at that time, it was clear that 5 . . . 4Jc6 was the most accurate reply. Only Rubinstein tenaciously ventured to defend the doubtful standing of 5 . . . 4Jf6. 6.-'l.g5 -'l.e7 7.dxc5 -'l.e6 8.e3 32 . . . §d5

There is nothing else. The try 32 . . . �g7 fails to 33 .§h7+! �xh7 34.�f7+ �h8 35.�f6+ . .

3 3 . 4) e l � g7 34 . � x c6 § d 6 35.�xc7+ �xh6 36.�xd6+ �h7 3 7 . �e7+ �g6 3 8 . � e 6 + �h7 3 9 . � x e 5 �h3+ 40.�e2 f3+ 4 1 . �f2 �h4+ 4 2 . �g3 �d8

For the contradictory 8 . .§cl 0-0 9 . .ll xf6, the main line of recent theory, see the game Marshal l-Rubinstein from the triangular tournament in Lodz held just prior to this event (game #205). The plan used by Marshall here looks bet­ ter. Instead of the questionable ex­ change 9.�xf6, he keeps the bishop and increases the pressure against the isolated d-pawn. 8 ... 0-0 9.-'l.d3 Axc5 lO.§cl 4)c6 1 1 .0-0 Ae7 1 2 .Abl §c8 1 3 .a3 �a5 14.�d3 g6 1 5.Aa2

Frank Marshall

1 67

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King After 9 . . . �h4+ 1 0.g3 �h3 1 U lil �g4 1 2 .�xg4 White has an advantage be­ cause of Black 's dark-square weak­ nesses.

It seems that White has a slight edge. Rubinstein's following miscalculation loses a pawn without compensation.

10.0-0 -'l.b7 l l .b31 4)a6 1 2.-'l.a3 E!f7 13.-'l.d6 E!d7 14.b4!

The correct continuation is 15 . . . f1 fd8. 1 6 . -'l. x e7 4) x e7 1 7 . 4) x e4 d x e4 1 8 . "� x e4 A x a 2 1 9 ."�' x e7 -'l d 5 20.E! x c8 !! xeS 21.'�e51

The remainder is played by Marshall with instructive accuracy. 2 1 . . . 'li\' c 5 2 2 . e 4 J}.e6 2 3 . 'li\' x c 5 E! xc5 24.4)d4 a5 25.f4 b5 26.E!d1 'it>f8 27. 'it>f2 'it>e7 2 8 . E! d 2 h 5 29.'it>e3 a 4 30.E!c21 Ac4 3 1 . 4) f3 E!c8 32.4)e5 J}.e6 33. E! x c8 Jlxc8 34.'it>d4 Ab7 35.h3 f5 36. 4) xg6+ 'it>f6 37.4)e5 fxe4

Now B lack 's position col lapses. His last hope was 14 ... f1 xd6 1 5 .exd6 4:\xb4� but it is hard to believe that he could survive the position after 16.a3 4:\a6 1 7 . c x d 5 e x d 5 1 8 . 4:\ x d S c x d 5 ( 1 8 . . . �xd6 1 9 .4:\b4) 1 9 . .ll x a6 .ll x a6 20.�xd5+ 4:\f7 2 l .f1fc l f1 c8 22 .d7 .

Or 37 . . . .ll x e4 38.g4. 38.g4 h4 39 . .£l d7+ 'it>e7 40. 4)e5 f6 4 1 . 'it>e3 e6 4 2 . 4) g6 'it>d5 43.f5 c4 44.4)e71, 1-0

(2 1 7) Rubinstein - Marshall Warsaw (3) 1 908 Dutch Stonewall [A84]

1 5.cxd5 e x d 5 16.b5 4) c 7 17.bxc6 Axc6 18.dl_xc7 E! xc7 19.-'l.f3 'it>h8

I f 1 9 . . . d4 , then s imply 2 0 . e x d4 or 20.�xd4. The following moves indi­ cate that B lack i s i n serious time trouble.

1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c6 3.c4 e6 4.e3 .11,d 6 5 . .£lc3 f5 6.4)e51? .11, xe5

I f 6 . . . 4:\f6 then White can play 7 . f4 AxeS 8.dxe5 4:\g4 9 . .lle 2! or, maybe better, 7 . .lle 2!? followed by f2-f4.

20.4) xd5 E!d7 21.e6 E!d6 22.exf7 J}.xd5 23.-'l.xd5 'li\'d7

7.dxe5 4)h6 8.f4 0-0 9 . .1l,e21 b6

White wins on 23 . . . § xd5 24.f8=�+.

Warsaw, October-November 1 908

2 I . Rubinstein 2 . Marshall

I 0

3

4

0 0

0

1 68

5

6

7

8

Total

y,

0

y,

y,

4 12

y,

I

y,

y,

3 '12

Rubinstein-Marshal l Match 1 908 24.jlxa8 § xd1 25.f8 = �, 1-0

It is no wonder that after the shock of such a downfall, Marshall plays uncer­ tainly in the next game. Very quickly he reaches an inferior position. The rook endgame is another forgotten mas­ terpiece of Rubinste i n ' s technique, which we believe should take its place in the endgame guides. As for the open­ ing and the move 6.a4, we will speak of i t in games 6 and 8. (2 1 8) Marshall - Rubinstein Warsaw (4) 1 908 Queen's Gambit Accepted [D27] 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 dxc4 4.e3 � f6 5 . A x c4 a6 6.a4 c5 7 . � f3 � c 6 8 . 0 - 0 c x d4 9 . e x d4 Jle7 1 0 . Af4? 0 - 0 1 1 . § e 1 � a 5 1 2 . � e 5 ? 1 §d81 1 3 . � x c 6 b x c6 1 4 . � d 2 § a71 1 5 . § a d 1 § ad7 1 6 . Jle5 Ab7 17.h3 c 5 1 18.�d5 � x d2 1 9. � x e7+ f8 20. § x d 2 x e7 2 1 .§d3 � e8 22.§g3 c x d4 2 3 . A x g7 � x g7 2 4 . § x g7 d3 25.§d1 d2 26.f3 §d4 27.§g4 f51 28 . § x d4 § x d4 2 9 . b3 Jl d 5 3 0 . jl x d 5 § x d 5 3 l . f 2 § d 3 3 2 . e 2 § x b3 3 3 . § x d 2 § b4 1 34.§a2 a5 35.g4 f6 36.f2 g5 37.§e2 § xa4 38.§ xe6

4 1 . §f7 a4 4 2 . d 1 a3 43. §f5+ h4 44. § x f4 § f 2 4 5 . § a4 a2 46.c1 xh3 47.§a5 g3 48.g5

If 48. l"la3 then 48 . . . l"l xf3 and wins. 48 ... a1 = �+, 0-1

For if 49 . l"l xa l l"l fl + 5 0 . 'it>b2 l"l xa l 5 l .'it>xa l hxg5. The first half of the match is completed, and Rubinstein dominates by the score of 3- 1 . Especially in the third and the fourth games, he was almost perfect; his opponent looked totally broken down. But as ifby magic, the second half rep­ resents quite the reverse. Marshal l's opening variations are much better: In every single game he creates an arena for his style. His imagination in the middlegame often surpri ses Rubin­ stein. Ultimately, Marshall misses his chance to achieve the victory that would have equalized the score, as we shall see in the last game, because of the weakness which haunted him all his life : an eagerness to immediately ex­ ploit an advantage in positions where patience and technique are needed. (2 1 9) Rubinstein - Marshall Warsaw (5) 1 908 Dutch [A84] 1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.e3 �d7 4.b3 �gf6 5.Ab2 �e41?

Perhaps home preparation. Marshall avoids the unnamed system 5 . . . Jld6 6 . ..1ld3 0-0 7.0-0 c5 8.4:Jbd2, followed with 4:Je5 (D05), used often, and suc­ cessfully, by Rubinstein.

38 ... §a2 + 39.el f4! 40.§e7 h6 1 69

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 6 . .1l,d3 .1l.b4+ 7.c3

Now the opening will transpose into the Dutch Defense, here in a better edition for B lack than in Game 3 . lt is possible that 7.�fd2 deserves attention, but such o p e n i n g acrobat i c s are not i n Rubinstein's style. 7 . . . Ad6 S.c4 0-0 9 . 0 - 0 c6 10 . .£) bd 2 f5 11 . .£le5 .§f6 1 2 .f3 .£) xd2 13.� xd2 .§h6 14 . .§acl

40.�c2

1 4.cxd5 exd5 1 5 .Axf5 �xe5 1 6.dxe5 .!lxf5 17.exd6 'ti1xd6 is equal.

If 40.l":l xb7? then 40 ... .!le2 wins .

14 ... �h4 15.g3 �f6 16.f4 �fSI

40 . . . .§aS?

Avoiding 1 7 .g4. It looks as though Black is plunging into a rash adventure and that White's position is preferable. In reality, this position is well suited to Marshall. His initiative on the kingside will soon acquire significant dimen­ sions.

Again 40 . . . Aa6!?.

17 . .£) xd7 A x d7 1S.c5 Ac7 19.b4 �f7 20.a4 a6 2l.Ac3 �hS 22.b5 axb5 23.axb5 .§gS 24.bxc6 .1l, xc6 25 . .§f2 g5 26 . .§bl g x f4 27.e x f4 �h5 2S . .§g2

4 1 . .§ x b7 ! A e 2 42 . .§ b l .§gS 43 . .§gl Af3 44.c6 AdS 45. �f2 A x g2 + 46. � x g 2 Ac7 47. � x g4 fx g4 4S.�g2 �g7 49 . .§bl �f6 50 . .§b7 .§cS 51.�g3 �f5

Even with an extra pawn, White still has some problems. 5 2 . A d 2 �e4 5 3 . � x g4 � x d4 54 . .§b3 Ads 55.Acl �c4 56 . .§b7 .§ xc6 57 . .1l,b2 Ac7 5S.Ae51

Not 28.Ab5? l":l xg3+!. 2S ... .§hg6 29. �f2

If 29.Ab5 'ti1f3 !? 30 . .!lxc6? Axf4 , or 30.)":\ fl Axf4. 29 ... �h6 30.Ad2 �g7 3l . .§al h5 32.Afl Ads 33.Ae3 Af6 34 . .§a2 h4 35.gxh4 .§ xg2+ 36 . .1l, xg2 �g4 37 . � d 2 A x h4 3 S . � h l A b 5 39 . .§b2 Ac4

In Black's favor is 58.h4 d4 . 5S ... A xe5 59.fxe5 d4 60 . .§d7 .§c5 6 1 . �f4 � d 3 62 . .§ d 6 .§ c l 6 3. .§ xe6 .§fl+ 64.�g5 �e4 65.h4 d3 66 . .§d6 .§f5+ 67.�g6 .§ x e5 6S.h5 .§d5, Draw

(220) Marshall - Rubinstein Warsaw (6) 1 908 Queen's Gambit Accepted [D27] l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 d xc4 4.e3

Here 39 . . . .!la6 deserves attention. 1 70

Rubinstein-Marshall Match 1 908 a6 5 . a4 4) f6 6 . A x c4 c 5 7 . 4) f3 4)c6 8.0-0

Controversies surrounding the names given to openings and variations are not new. About 35 years ago, FIDE tried unsuccessfully to settle this confusion. And things are going from bad to worse . . . 8 . . . �c7

The so-called Rubinstein variation, ac­ cording to many books and articles. But wait a minute ! Rubinstein adopted the move a2-a4 after this match, hav­ ing failed with the black pieces in this and the eighth game. Though he played this variation many times after that, and improved some ideas, Rubinstein did not do so more than some other play­ ers . Marshal l, for instance, played it regularly before and after the match; in the book Marshall s Best Games of Chess, for instance, we see Marshall playing the l i n e against Janowsky (Ostende 1 906), Hodges (New York 1 9 1 1 ), and Griinfeld (Warsaw Olym­ piad 1 93 5 ) . Further, the most funda­ mental ideas were developed before Rubinstein started to use the system .

This position was revived at the end of the 60 's and early 70's, and still is the critical point of the whole variation. Take our word for it - this, and espe­ cially the eighth game, provides very interesting information for those who continue to research the line. 9.b3

Today's theory considers only 9.d5 or 9 . f¥ e 2 , and White g a i n s nothing ! Marshall's 9.b3 is another move order that can transpose into a recent line with 9.�e2 (as in the eighth match game) but as we shall see is probably more consistent. 9 ... cxd4 10.exd4 4)a5?1

It i s tempting to exchange White 's bishop, but the move is not the best. Instead, B lack has the choice between 1 0 . . . la.e7 and 1 0 . . . .lld 6. ll .�e2 4) xc4 1 2.bxc4 Jl,e7

W hy, t h e n , i s the l i n e c a l l e d the R u b i n ste i n variation and n o t the Marshall variation? Or the Marshali­ Rubinstein variation? The answer is that some author at some time named this variation without considering all the evidence, or because of political and chauvinistic reasons; the nome nclature was then used without question by other authors.

If now 1 3.-ilb2, we reach a recent theo­ retical position (by transposition) that is assessed as slightly better for White. With the text move, we see a hitherto missing practical example with a dif­ ferent idea, probably worthy of inves­ tigation. 1 3 . 4) e 5 1 ? 171

0-0

1 4 . -'1,f4

E{ d 8

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 15.E!.fd l dld7 16."�f3 Ad6 17.c5 .11, xe5 18 . .11, xe5 �c6 19.�g3 �e8

46.�h2 � x d6??

A fte r 46 . . . �h 5 + 4 7 . 'it'g l ( 4 7 . El h3 �g6) 47 . . . �f7 Black still has difficulties, but should win. 47.�g8+ mate!, 1 -0

A dramatic finale. (22 1 ) Rubinstein Marshall Warsaw (7) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D30] -

l .d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.c4 �f6 4.Ag5 h6 5.Ah4 dxc4 6.e3

20.d51? � xc5

Necessary. 20 . . . exd5 2 1 .4::\ x dS �xc5 22.4Jf6+ 4::\ xf6 23 .Axf6 loses quickly.

At the time of this match, it was still not confirmed that the text is a dubious gambit. Also 6.4Jc3 Ab4 is in Black's favor. According to recent theory, White should immediately regain the pawn with 6.ih4+.

2 l . � e4 �f8 2 2 . � f6 + � x f6 2 3 . A x f6 E!,e8 2 4 . d 6 E!, ac8 25.E!.abl b5 26.axb5 axb5 27.E!.al E!,a8 28.Ae7 E!, x al 29. E!. x a l E!,a8 30.E!,cl E!,c81 31 .E!,el �e8 32.Af6 �f8 33.Ae7 �e8 34.Af6 �f8

6 ... b5 7.a4 c6 8.Ae2 dlb4+ 9.�c3 �bd7 10.0-0 Axc3 l l .bxc3 Ab7?

Starting with move 2 1 , it is hard to say where White could have played better against Rubinstein's superb defense . Now 35.Ae7 is a draw, but the score ­ and Marshall 's character, of course impels him to take a big risk.

1 2.�bl a6 13.Axc4 �c8 14.Ad3 0-0 15.E!.cl c51?

35.h3 �h8 36 ..Q.e7 �e8 37.�e5 h6! 3 8 . E!. e 3 f6! 3 9 . A x f6 g x f6 40. � x f6+ �h7 41.§.f3 E!,d8 42.h4 Ac6 43.E!.g3 E!.d7 44.h51

A practical decision. Instead of defend­ ing a passive position, Marshall sacri­ fices the pawn in return for a measure of counterplay.

Marshall finds fresh resources for his dead-l ooking attack. The fol l owing moves clearly indicate that Black is in serious time troub l e . Facing many threats, he finally overlooks a mate !

16.a x b5 c4 17 . .Q.e2 dle4 18.�b4 � d 5 1 9 . � x c4 dl, x f3 2 0 . � x c8 E!. f x c8 2 l .g x f3 � x c 3 2 2 . A d 3 � x b 5 2 3 . E!. x c8+ § x eS 24. § xa6 �c3

44 . . . � x h 5

A clear advantag e for White, but this

4 5 . � x e6

A b l under. 1 1 . . . a6 keeps the extra pawn.

�dl+ 1 72

Rubinstein-Marshall Match 1 908 t i m e the ac c l ai m e d t e c h n i q u e of Rub instein i s steri l e . B y the way, Marshall is the player against whom Rubinstein had the most unreal ized winning positions !

Evidence that . . . 4Ja5 and . . 4Jxc4, as played in the sixth game, does not yield a satisfactory result.

25.e4 e51 26 . .§a7

Instead l l .'lt1e2 Ad7 12 . .§ fdl .§ ad8 can transpose into today 's book line.

If 26.d5, then Black still has defensive chances after 26 . . . g5 27.Ag3 f6 28 . .§ c6 (or 2� . .§ d6 .§ c7) 28 . . . .§ xc6 29. dxc6 4Jb6 30.Aa6 4Ja8.

.

10.Ab2 0-0 l l .dxc5

ll ... A xc5 12 . .§cl b6 13. '/te2 Ab7 1 4 . A d 3 '/te7 1 5 . .£l g 5 .£, b4 t6.Abt .§fds

26 ... .£, f8 27.dxe5 .£,e6 28.Ag3 g5 29.,1la6 .§c5 30 . .§a8+ �g7 31 . .§c8

Loses a pawn, but it is hard to say how White can win. 31 ... .£,e2+ 32.�fl .£, xg3+ 33.fxg3 .§ xe5 34 . .1}.c4 g41 35.A xe6 .§ xe6 3 6 . �f2 g x f3 3 7 . � x f3 .§ a 6 38.�g4 .§ a 2 39.h3 .§e2 4 0 . .§e8 .§ e l 4 1 . .§ e 5 f6 42 . .§ e 7 + �f8 4 3 . .§ h 7 .§ x e4+ 44 . � f3 .§a4 4 5 . .§ x h 6 �g7 46 . .§h5 .§a3+ 47.�f4 .§a4+ 48.�f3 Draw

17.a51? h6

The continuation 1 7 . . . b x a 5 1 8 . 4Ja4 Ad6 (not 18 . . . .§ ac8? 1 9 .Axf6! gxf6 20.'lt1h5 !) is not so clear, but creates a tactical commotion.

(222) Marshall - Rubinstein Warsaw (8) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [D27]

1 8 . .£, ge4 .£, x e4 1 9 . .£, x e4 A x e4 20 . A x e4 .§ ac8 2 l . a x b6 A x b6 22.Aa3?1

l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 dxc4 4.e3 .£, f6 5 . A x c4 a6 6.a4 c5 7 . .£, f3 .£,c6 8.0-0 '/tc7 9.b3

An ineffective idea that decides the fate of the match. It wins a pawn, but not the game. The patient 22 .g3 maintains the slight edge for a long time and of­ fers many more practical winning chances.

A repetition of the opening of the sixth game. In comparison with recent theory, the most interesting point of Marshall 's move order is that he leaves 'lt1e2 for later and gives priority to the quick de­ velopment of the queenside, trying to use the c-file.

22 . . . a5 23 . .§ x c8 .§ x eS 24 . .§ d l '/te8 2 5 . g3 .§ d 8 2 6 . .§ c l .§ c 8 27 . .§dl .§d8 28 . .§cl .§c8 29 . .§ xc8

9 . . . .1}.e7 1 73

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King � xc8 30.�b5 �d8 31.Axb4 axb4 32.� x b4 g6 33.�c3 �d6 34.b4 �c7 3 5 . �f6 �d8 36. �f4 Cjfjlg7 37.b5 Ac7 38.�f3 �f6 39.�e2 �c3 40.Ac6 Ab6 4 1 . Cjfjlg2 �e5 42. �c2 Ac5 43. �a2 Ab6 44. �a6 �c7 45.h4 h5

(223 ) Daniuszewski - Rubinstein Lodz (November 1 8?) 1 908 Queen 's Gambit Declined [06 1 ] l .d4 d 5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 .£,f6 4.Ag5 A e 7 5 . e 3 .£, bd 7 6 . .£) {3 0 - 0 7 . � c 2 §e8 S.§dl c 6 9.a3 .£,f8 1 0 . .£, e 5 .£, 6d7 l l . A f4 .£1 x e 5 1 2 . d x e 5 � c 7 1 3 . A d 3 d x c4 1 4 . A x c4 .£, g 6 1 5 . � e4 .£, x f4 16.exf4 a6 17.Ad3 g6 18.h4 c5 t9.h5 Afs 20.�f3 Ad7 2 t . .£le4 -'1,g7 22.hxg6 h xg6 23 . .£lf6+ Axf6 24 . e x f6 �d8 2 5 . Ae4 � x f6 2 6 . § x d7 §adS 2 7 . § x b7 §d4 28.0-0 Cjfjlg7 29.g3 §h8 30.§cl �d8 3 l . A x g6! Cjfjl x g6 3 2 . �g4+ Cjfjlh6 33.§ xf7, 1-0

An interesting endgame position. The extra pawn is balanced by the differ­ ent-color bishops, and the presence of the queens does not change this assess­ ment. 4 6 . � a l + Cjfjl g8 47 . � f6 �d8 48.�f4 �c7 49.�f3 �d8 50.�e4 Cjfjlg7 5 1 . �c2 �c7 52. �c3+ Cjfjlg8 53.Cjfjlf3 �d8 54.�al �d3 55.�e5 �dl+ 56.Cjfjlg2 �d8 57.-'1,e4 �c7 58. �al �d8 59. Cjfjlf3 �d6 60.Ac6 � d 3 6 1 . � a8+ Cjfjlg7 6 2 . � a l + Cjfjlg8, Draw

(224) Rubinstein - Rotlewi Lodz (November?) 1 908 King 's Gambit [C30] l .e4 e5 2.f4 Ac5 3 . .£lf3 d6 4.c3 f5 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4 f xe4 7 .dxc5 exf3 8. � x f3 .£,f6 9.cxd6 0-0 10.Ac4+ Cjfjlh8 1 1 .0-0 � xd6 12.Ae3 �b4 13.4)d2 -'l.f5 14.a3 � x b2

[After 32 more moves, which are not available.] Lod.z 1 908

We have few details for the following games played toward the end of 1 908. We know of no tournament that was held in Lodz during this time, though the games are obviously serious con­ tests.

1 5 . A c 5 � x d 2 1 6 . § fd l � a 5 1 7 . A x f8 .£, c 6 1 8 . ,ilb4 .£, x b4 1 9 . � x b7 � c 5 + 2 0 . Cjfjl h l §e8 2 1 . � x b4 � f 2 2 2 . § a 2 � x f4 23.§fl �g 5 24. E!,e2, 1-0 1 74

St. Petersburg 1909 St. Petersburg 1 909 was one of the greatest results of Rubinstein's career and made the public start thinking of him as a serious challenger to Lasker. Equal first with the world champion (first on Sonneborn-Berger), three and a half points ahead of the field, Akiva played several classic games at St. Petersburg.

The field of20 participants was equally represented by Russian and foreign masters. The U.S. representative was Lasker, who at the time was living in New York.

Hans Kmoch, who in his Rubinstein s Chess Masterpieces stated, "In the tour­ ney at St. Petersburg Rubinstein, in my opinion, reached the zenith of his art­ istry, " chose no less than I 0, of his selection of 1 00 games, from this event. Best known are his victory over Lasker and the famous pawn ending with E . Cohn, but also outstanding are h i s wins over Schlechter and Mieses.

Notes by Lasker (L), Kmoch (K) and Nimzovitch (N).

The time limit was two and a half hours for 3 7 moves, after that one and a half hours for 23 moves, and further on 50 moves an hour. The playing schedule was five days a week from 1 1 a.m. to 9 p.m., with a break from 4 to 6 o 'clock. The sixth day was reserved for the ter­ mination of adjourned games and one day a week was free.

(225 ) Rubinstein - Znosko-Borovsky St. Petersburg ( 1 ) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Declined [055]

l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5.e3 4)bd7 6.4)f3 0-0 7.'iflc2 b6?1

(K) Correct is 7 . . . c5. 8.cxd5 exd5 9.Ad3 Ab7 10.0-0-0 4)e4 l l .h4 f5 12.
( L ) I n stead, B l ack s h o u l d p l ay 1 2 . . Jk8. (K) Lasker recommends 1 2 . . . § c8 . Nimzovitch considers 1 2 . . .h 6 1 3 .Af4 Ad6 1 4 .Axd6 cxd6 would not have been bad. However, that White in both cases would have the better position is not to be denied. 13.dxc5 bxc5?

The total prize fund was 3 5 5 0 rubles, ranging from 1 000 rubles for first to 30 for tenth. According to the tourna­ ment book by Lasker, which came out in 1 9 1 0, first prize was worth a bit more than $500. All the participants also re­ ceived an additional 1 0 rubles for each win and five for each draw. Further­ more, an honorarium of 50 rubles was given to each Russian master and 1 00 to each foreign participant.

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 dxc4 4.4){3 a6 5.a4 c5 6.e3

(L) If 13 . . . 4Jdxc5 then 14.4Jxd5 itxd5 (or Axg5) 1 5 . .11c4 . This combination is feasible because B lack cannot cap­ ture Ad3 with a check, which explains White 's 1 2th move. (N) With the pawn sacrifice 1 3 . . . § c8!? Black can convert the game into a bold tactical fight: 14.cxb6 4:lxb6 (to give one variation), or 14.4Jd4 (obviously the best) 14 . . . bxc5 , etc. 1 4 . 4) x e4 f x e4 1 5 . -'t x e4 d x e4 16:{�tb3+ \t>h8 17.�xb7

(K) Rubinstein now wins a piece since 17 . . . .11 x g5 is refuted by 18.4Jxg5 . The whole combination had to be very ex­ actly calculated. 17 . . . exf3 18 . .§. x d7 �e8 19 . .§. x e7 �g6 + 2 0 . \t> a 1 .§.ab8 2 1 . �e4 � x e4

(K) The only course that still offers some resistance. If 2 l . . :i!'rb6 2 2 :itl'e5! fol lowed by 23 .gxf3 and B lack may resign. But if 2 l . . .fxg2 then 22.�xg2 h6 (22 . . . �c2 23.M6!) 23.�g3! , etc. 2 2 . .§. x e4 f x g 2 24 . .§.f4 .§.c2

2 3 . .§. g 1

.§. x f2

(L) If 24 . . . § bxb2 then 2 5 . § f8 + ! i s decisive. 2 5 .b3 h 6 26. Ae7 .§.e8 2 7 . \t> b 1 .§. e 2 28. Jl, xc5 .§. d 8 29.Ad4 .§.c8 30 . .§.g4, 1-0 [Time: White 1 :47, Black 2 : 00]

(L) Here White should play 6.e4. After 6 . . . 4Jc6 7.d5 4Ja5 8.4Jd2 4Jf6 9.4Jxc4 White 's position is preferable. 6 ... 4) f6 7.Jl,xc4 4)c6 8.0-0 �c7 9.�e2

(L) Here 9.d4 might have been done. If 9 . . . exd5 1 0 . 4Jxd5 4Jxd5 1 l .�xd5 Ae6 1 2.�e4, White has certainly not the worst of it. Likewise if 9 . . . 4Ja5 1 0 . .11a 2 c4 1 l .e4 White has all pieces posted well. 9 ...Jl,e7 10.Jl,d2 0-0 l l ..§.acl .§.d8 12.Ad3 cxd4 13.exd4 Ad7

(L) Naturally not 13 . . . 4Jxd4?? 14.4Jxd4 § xd4 1 5 .4Jb5 . 14.4)e4 .§.ac8 15.4)e5

(L) A witty trap. If 1 5 . . . 4Jxd4 1 6.4Jxf6+ .ll x f6 ( 16 . . . gxf6 1 7 . �g4 + ) 1 7 . �e4 �xe5 (or 17 . . . 4Je2+ 1 8.'�h1 4Jxc l ) 1 8 . � x h 7 + 'it'f8 , W h i t e w i n s w i th 1 9.Ab4 + . ( K ) Very pretty, but incorrect. 1 5 .b4 was also unsatisfactory since Black answers 1 5 . . . �b6. Therefore, 1 5 .itg5 was proper, with the threat of a dan­ gerous attack. 1 5 . . . -'teS!

(L) This simple reply shows that the trap was useless.

(226) Speyer - Rubinstein St. Petersburg (2) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [D27] Notes by Lasker (L) and Kmoch (K).

16.-'tc3

[Authors ' note : Kmoch, i n his book Rubinstein s Chess Masterpieces, gives 1 76

St. Petersburg 1 909: seated L-R Vidmar, Bernstein, Lasker, Burn, Schlechter, Rubinstein, Mieses, Salwe and Spreyer;

Perlis, Tartakover and Teichmann. In the back row are E. Cohn, Forgacs, E.A. Znosko-Borovsky and Spielmann

Standing in the second row are Freiman, Duras, Levin, S. Znosko-Borovsky, Sossnitsky, Demidov, San Donato, Surbarev, Tschudowsky,

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King another move order: 1 6 .4::l x f6+ Axf6 1 7 .Ac3 4::l x d4, etc. We follow the or­ der given in the original tournament book Mezhdunaro dny Shakhmatny Kongress v pamyat M I. Chigorina, St. Petersburg, Feb. 1 9 1 0.] 16 ... .£, x d4!

(L) Exactly calculated. If17.Axd4 ii:rxc l . After the continuation in the actual game Black will have two pawns extra.

3 3 . ct/ g3 ct/e6 3 4 . § e 2 + Ae4 3 5 . § d 2 § g7 3 6 . f x g 5 § x g 5 + 37.ct/f4 § g4+ 38.ct/e3 §h4 39.§f2 Ad5 4o.Ad4 Ete4+ 4t.ct/d3 Ac6 42.b4 Ab5+ 43.ct/c3 f4 44.Ac5 ct/f5 4 5 . ct/ d 2 h5 4 6 . ct/c3 Ae2 47. Etg2 f3 48. §g7 Ab5 49 . Etg3 Etc4+ 50.ct/d2 ct/e4 51.-'l_b6 Et x b4 52.§h3 §b2+ 53.ct/c3 f2 54.§e3+
(227) Rubinstein - Lasker St. Petersburg (3) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [032]

1 7 . .£, x f6+ A x f6 1 8 . �e4 .£i f5 19.g4

Notes by Lasker (L), Tarrasch (T), Kmoch (K), Razuvaev (R) and Fine (F). l .d4 d5 2 . .£,f3 .£,f6 3.c4 e6 4.-'l_g5 c 5 ? ! 5 . c x d 5 e x d 5 6 . .£, c 3 c x d4 7 . .£, xd4 .£,c6

(L) Because of this move, Black falls into a difficult situation. Necessary was 7 . . . Ae7 8.e3 0-0, and Black's position is without weaknesses. (R) Lasker 's assessment is disputable. In my opinion, after 7 . . . I/J..e 7 also Black stands worse because it is difficult to achieve active play. (K) If 7 . . . ile7 it is clear that 8.g3 fol­ lows with advantage.

19 ... A xe5! 20.� xe5

( L ) N atural ly not 2 0 . A x e 5 ii:r x c l 2 l . .§ x c l .§ x c l + 2 2 . 'it'g 2 ilc6, o r 20.gxf5 1.txh2+ 2 1 .'it'hl (or 'it'g2) l.tc6. 20 ... E{ xd3 2l.� xc7 Et xc7 22.gxf5 exf5

8.e3

(L) Also strong was 22 . . . ilxa4, because 2 3 . f6 w i l l be refuted by 23 . . . gxf6 24.Axf6 .§ xc l 25 . .§ xc l .§ d l + . This game c l early s h o w s R u b i n s te i n ' s mighty and solid style.

(T) Bad is 8.I/J.. xf6 �xf6 9.4::l x d5? ii:rxd4 1 0 . 4::l c 7+ 'it'd8 1 1 . 4::l x a 8 Ab4 + and Black wins, or 9.4::ld b5 .llb4 with ad­ vantage for Black. 8 ... Ae7 9.-'tb5

23.a5 f6 24.§fdl §cd7 25.Et xd3 § xd3 26.§el Ac6 27.Ete3 §dl+ 28.§el §d7 29 .f4 ct/f7 30.ct/f2 Ae4 3 1 . § e 2 g5 3 2 . § d 2 A d 5 !

(L) This is why 7 . . . 4::lc6 was not good. 9 ... Ad7 to.Axf6 1 78

St. Petersburg 1 909 (L) Wins the pawn only temporarily. More exact was 10.0-0, and sooner or later the d-pawn will be lost.

d4-d5 . Against the obvious threat 1 6 . . . El xe3 White has a good defense, as is shown by his 1 8th move.

10 . . . A x f6 l l . .£j x d 5 -'l. x d4 1 2 . e x d4 �g 5 1 3 . A x c 6 A x c 6 t4 . .£l e3 0-0-0

t6 . . . E! x e3

(L) A weak move. B lack should cap­ ture the g-paw n . A ft e r 1 4 . . . A x g 2 1 5 . El g 1 'ii1 a 5 + 1 6 . 'ii1 d 2 '\i1 x d 2 + 17.'it'xd2 .lle 4, o r after 1 5 .4J xg2 '\i1xg2 16.'ii1e 2+ 'it'd8 17.0-0-0 'ii1g6 18.'ii1d 3 ( 1 8 . El d3? 'ii1 c 6+) 18 . . . El c8+ 1 9 .'.t>b 1 El e8 B lack stands excellently. (R) Lasker 's assessment is disputable. According to Bernstein, in the varia­ tion 14 . . . Axg2 1 5 .Elg1 'ii1 a 5+ 16.'\i1d2 '\i1xd2+ 1 7 .'it'xd2 .ll e 4, White could continue 18.Elg4 .llg6 19.f4 with a bet­ ter game. In my opinion, worthy of at­ tention was 14 . . . 0-0!? 1 5 .0-0 Elhe8 with good counterplay for the pawn. 1 5.0-0 E!he8

(T) At first sight B lack has no more difficulties. All his pieces are in play and he threatens 16 . . . El xe3. But this is deceptive.

(L) Also after 1 6 . . . 'it'b8 1 7. El c5 'ii1f4 18.d5 El xe3 19.'ii1c l El e4 20.dxc6 bxc6 2 l .'ii1c 3 Black stands badly. 17. E! x c6+ bxc6 18.�clll

(K) This is the surprise ! After 18.fxe3 '\i1xe3+ 19.'it'h1 'ii1 x d4 B lack eventually obta i n s the advantage . [Authors : Tarrasch prefers 1 9 . . . El xd4, also with an edge.] 18 . . . E! xd4

(L) Better defensive chances are of­ fered by 18. . . Ele5 1 9 .'ii1 x c6+ (not 19.f4 Elc5!) 1 9 . . . 'it'b8 20.dxe5 '\i1xe 5 . ( K ) In Lasker's variation, continuing with 2 1 . El c l , White has the superior game. 19.fxe31 E!d7

( K ) A ft e r 1 9 . . . El d6 2 0 . El x f7 , etc . , Black's game would b e still more pre­ canous. 20.�xc6+ �d8 21.E!f411

(L) A remarkable conception ! Threat­ ening to immediately decide the game with an attack against the king by 2 2 .'ii1 a 8+ and El e4 + or El c4+, White forces a winning rook endgame. 16.E!clll

21 . . . f5

(L) Extraordinarily fine ! Now White has the advantage, threatening l"l cS and

(L) If 2 l . . :�·a 5 then 2 2 .'1'£fa 8+ '.t>e7 2 3 . El e4+ 'it'f6 24.'1'£tc6+ 'it'gS 25 .h4 + , 1 79

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King and White wins. (T) No better i s 2 1 . . . .§ d l + 2 2 . �f2 .§ d2 + 2 3 . 'it' e l �xg2 24 . .§ d4 + �e7 25.�d6+ and mate next move.

(F) Passive defense also loses: 33 . . . �f7 3 4 . 'it'f5 �e7 3 5 .g5 �f7 3 6 . e 5 �e7 37.g6 h6 38 . .§ e6+! �d7 (or 38 . . . �f8 39 . .§ c6 �e7 40 . .§ c8 and .§g8) 39 . .§ f6! �e8 (39 . . . gxf6 40.g7 .§ b8 4 l . e xf6) 40 . .§ f7! .§ xf7 4 1 . gxf7+ �xf7 4 2 . e6+ �e7 43.�e5 and White wins. After 33 . . . �f7 White can win also by 34.h6 g x h 6 3 5 . .§ x h6 'it'g7 36 . .§ a6 �f7 37.�f5 .§ e7 38.e5 .§ b7 39 . .§ c6, fol­ lowed by a4-a5 -a6.

22.�c51 �e7

( L ) A fter 22 . . . .§ d l + 2 3 . �f2 .§ d 2 + 2 4 . �e l � x g 2 , W h i te w i n s w ith 2 5 .�a 5 + . 23. � x e7+ � x e7 24 . .§ x f5 .§ d l + 25.�f21

34.�f5 �f7 35.e5 .§b7 36 . .§d6!

(K) Not 25 . .§fl? because of 25 . . . .§d2 26 . .§bl .§ e2, or if 26 . .§ c l 'it'd7, and B lack has drawing chances.

Threatening 37 . .§ d7 + ! .§ xd7 38.e6+ and wins. 36 ... �e7 37. .§a6 �f7 38 . .§d6

25 . . . .§d2+ 26.�f3 .§ x b2 27 . .§a5 .§b7

(K) Such repetition of moves to gain time is often found in Rubinste i n 's games. He avails himself of this expe­ dient even when not in time difficulty. 38 ... �f8 39 . .§c6 �f7 40.a31, 1-0

(K) Zugzwang! 40 . . . .§ e7 (or 40 . . . �e8 4 1 . �g6 and wins, since the only use­ fu l answer 4 1 . . . .§ b4 is prevented) 4 l . e6+ �g8 42.�g6 .§ e8 43.e7, fol­ lowed by .§ d6 and .§ d8. 28 . .§a6!

(R) A typical method. White 's rook on a6 has the ideal position, s imulta­ neously attacking the a7 pawn and paralyzing Black's rook and king. -

(228) Vidmar - Rubinstein St. Peters burg (4) 1 909 Queen's Gambit Accepted [D27] Notes by Lasker (L) and Kmoch (K). l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lc3 dxc4 4.e3 .£) f6 5 . .Q. x c4 a6 6 . .£) f3 c5 7.0-0 .£)c6 8.dxc5 .Q.xc5 9. � x d8+ �xd8 10.a3 �e7 l l .b4 ,ild6 12.b5

28 . . . �f8 29.e4 .§c7 30.h4 �f7 3 1 .g4 �f8 32.�f4 �e7 33.h5 h6

(K) Played in order to prevent 34.g5 (followed by �f5 , e5, etc.). However, it creates a weakness at g6.

(L) The idea behind this advance of the pawn is that after 1 2 . . . axb5 1 3.
2

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1 6. VIdmar

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March 1 2

St. Petersburg 1 909 February 22

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Total

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King White 's knight has a dominant position. Naturally, Black does not capture, and as it turns out, it is White who has dif­ ficulties. (K) A nervous attack, which causes no damage. At Prague 1 908 (game # 1 95), Vidmar played practically the same variation against the same opponent, and lost by lack of initiative. This time he does not want to make the same mis­ take.

23 ... Etac8 24.Etb3 e5 25 . .Q.b6 Etcl 2 6 . Et bd3 Et x d l + 27. Et x d l .Q.e6 28.h4 .Q.b3 29.Etal Etc2 30.g4 g6 3 1 .g5 f5 32.4)f6 h5 33.Etbl .Q.c4 34.Etdt .Q.d2 3 5.e4 f4 36.4)d5+ .Q. xd5 37.exd5 �d6 38.�fl .Q.e3!

1 2 . . . 4) a 5 1 3 . .Q. a 2 .Q. d 7 1 4 . a 4 Ethc8 1 5 . .Q.b2 4)c4 16 . .Q. x c4 Et xc4 17.4)d2 Etc7

(L) White's queenside pawns are weak and one of them will soon be lost. The threat is 1 8 . . . .a.b4 1 9 . A a 3 .a. x a 3 20.l:'! xa3 axb5 .

(L) Very skillfully Black does not give to White any chances.

18.4)ce4!

39 . .Q. x a 5 .Q.d4 4 0 . Et d 2 Et c l + 4t.�e2 b6 42 . .Q.b4+ � xd5 43.a' b x a 5 44.b6 Et b l ! 45 . .Q. x a5 Etb5 46.Eta2 e4 47.fxe4+ � xe4 48.Eta4 f3+ 49.�fl Etbt + 50 . .Q.el f2!

(K) Very proper! He must combine, oth­ erwise Black gets an advantage because of the bishops. 18 . . . .Q.b4

(K) Vidmar has no luck: 50 . . . § xb6?? 5 l .l:'! xd4+ 'i!txd4 52 .Af2 + would cer­ tainly have pleased him much.

(K) After 18 . . . axb5 1 9 A::I x d6 'i!txd6 20.Aa3+ 'i!te5 2 1 ..£lf3+ 'i!te4 22.l:'!fdl B lack falls into a mating net.

5 1 . Et x d4+ � x d4 5 2 . � x f2 Et x b6 5 3 . � f3 Et b 5 5 4 . .Q. g 3 Et f 5 + 5 5 . .Q. f4 � d 3 5 6 . �g3 �e4 5 7 . .Q.b8 Etf3+ 5 8 . �g2 Etb3 59 . .Q.g3 �f5 60.�h3 Etd3 6t.�g2 �g4 62 . .Q.el Et d l 63 . .Q.f2 Etd2 6 4 . �g l �f3 6 5 . .Q. b 6 Et g 2 + 6 6 . � h l Etg4 67 . .Q.g l Et x h4 + 6 8 . .Q. h 2 Etg4 6 9 . .Q.b8 Et x g 5 70.�h2 Etg2+ 71.�h3 g5 72 . .Q.c7 Et g l 7 3 . � h 2 Et d t 74 . .Q. b8 g4 7 5 . .Q.g3 Et d 2 + 7 6 . � g l � x g3 77.�fl �f3 78.�el .§dS 0- 1 [Time: White 2 : 3 3 , Black 3 :0 7]

1 9 . Et a b l 4) x e4 2 0 . 4) x e4 Etc4 2t . .Q.d4 a5 22.f3?

(L) Here White could save the game: 22.l:'! xb4! axb4 (or 22 . . . l:'! xb4 23 . .a.c5 + 'i!td8 2 4 . A x b 4 a x b4 2 5 . .£J c 5 etc . ) 23 . .a.c5+ 'i!td8 24 . .a.b6+ 'i!te7 25 . .a.c5+ § xeS 26 . .£Jxc5 b6 27 . .£Ja6 .a.c8 28.§bl , etc. 22 ...f6 23.Etfdl

(L) Here also 23.l:'! xb4! was possible. 1 82

St. Petersburg 1 909 22.�xb7 l"'\ xdl 23.l"'\ xdl l"'\ d8 24.�d5 , White stands better.

(229) Rubinstein - Per/is St. Petersburg (5) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D34]

21. �h5 .Q.xe4 22.-'txe4 fxe4 23.f5 �f6 24.Etf4 'it;lh8

Notes by Lasker. 1 .d4 d5 2..'�)f3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd 5 e x d 5 5.�c3 �c6 6.g3 c4 7 . .1lg2 -'te7 8.0-0 �f6 9.�e5 0-0 10 . .1lg5 .1le6 l l .f4 � x e 5 ! ? 1 2 . d x e 5 d4 l 3 . e x f6 g x f6 14 . .1lh6 d x c3 1 5 .bxc3

25.Etg4?

Wh ite ' s o n l y wrong m o v e . H ere 25.l"lh4 could decide the game quickly. If 25 . . . l"l ad8 then 2 6 . l"! dfl , and i f 25 . . . e 3 26.�g5 �xf5 27.�f6+!. Much better than 1 5 .�xf8?!, because of 1 5 . . . cxb2 1 6.�xe7 �xe7 1 7 J"\ b l c3 18.�c2 �c5+ 1 9.�h l l"l d8 20.l"lbd l l"! x d l 2 l . l"'\ x d l � x a 2 , threate n i n g . . . �b3 o r . . . b5-b4-b3. 1 5 .. :�·b6+ 16.'it;lh1

[Authors ' note : Recent theory consid­ ers 1 6.e3 as better and leading to a slight edge for White.]

2 5 . . . Etg8 26 . .1le3 Et x g4 27. -'td4 Etg7 28 . .1lxf6 A x f6 29. �e2 Ete8 30.� xc4 e3 3 1.Ete1 Etgg8 32.'it;lg2 Et e 7 3 3 . 'iti'f3 Et ge8 3 4 . Et e 2 b6 3 5 .h4 h6 36.�c6 'it;lg7 37.'it;lg4 h5+ 38.'it;lf4, Draw [Time: White 2:32, B lack 2 : 30]

(230) Burn - Rubinstein St. Petersburg ( 6) 1 909 Ruy Lopez [C77]

16 ... Etfd8 17.�c2 .1ld5

l .e4 e 5 2 . � f3 � c 6 3 . -'lb 5 a6 4 . .Q.a4 �f6 5.�c3 .Q.e7 6.d3 b5 7 . .1lb3 d6 8.a4 Etb8 9.axb5 axb5 10.0-0 0-0 l l .�e2 .1le6 12.c3 d5 1 3 . � g 3 d x e4 1 4 . d x e4 � x d 1 1 5 . .Q. x d 1 Ac4 1 6 . Et e 1 A c 5 17 . .Q.c2 �d7 18.�f5 Eta8 19 . .Q.e3 g6 20.�h6+ 'it;l g 7 2 1 .�g4 .Q. x e3 22 . .£j xe3 .£Jb6 23.b3 -'te6 24 . .£J g 5

Premature . First B l ack should play 17 . . .f5, and if 1 8.l"lab l �e3, threaten­ ing 1 9 . . . l"ld2. 1 8.e4 .Q.c6 1 9 . �e 2 f5 20.Etad1 Ete8

A ft e r 2 0 . . . � x e 4 2 L� x e 4 � x h 6 1 83

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King b4 25.4) xe6+ fxe6 26.c x b4 4) xb4 27 .§,eel, Draw [Time: White 1 :28, Black 1 :38]

(23 1 ) Rubinstein - Mieses St. Petersburg (7) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D06]

(L) Better was to keep the bishop; e.g., 1 7 .l:'=!.ac1 f:Je6 18.f:Jd5 , etc. (R) A surprising decision. White ex­ changes his strong bishop. Rubinstein's idea will be clear after the 1 9th move. 17 ... §. xc5 lS.§.acl 4)c6

Notes by Lasker (L), Kmoch (K) and Razuvaev (R). l .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.c4 4)f6 4.cxd5 cxd4 5.4) xd4 4) xd5 6.e4 4)f6

(L) Here interesting is 6 . . . f:Jc7!? The continuation 7 .Af4 f:Jd7 8 . Ac4 e 5 9.'{{)-b 3 \'£tf6 1 0.ltg3 leads t o a compli­ cated game. [Authors ' note : Lasker 's 7 . . . f:Jd7 is missing in recent theory.] 7.4)c3 e5?1

(L) If 7 . . . a6 8.e5 f:Jd5 9.e6 and Black stands worse. The right move here is 7 . . . e6.

(L) A mi stake . B l ack s h o u l d p l ay 18 . . . l:'=!. c7 followed by . . . 0-0. (K) 1 8 . . . 0-0 would be insufficient be­ cause of 1 9.f:Jd5, but the text move is also inferior. Relatively best appears to be 18 . . . l:'=!. c7 . White, however, re­ plies with 19.f:Ja4! and retains the ad­ vantage; e . g . , 1 9 . . . f:Jc6 2 0 . �e3 0-0 2 l .f:Jc5 f:Jd4 2 2 . f:Jd 3 , etc. The ex­ change 1 7 .Axc5 was therefore well considered ! [Authors ' note: In the book Akiva Rubinstein, Razuvaev mistakenly claims that Kmoch 's analysis belongs to Lasker. ] 19.§.d51 §. xd5

(L) If 19 . . . l:'=!. c4 20.b3 §. d4 2 l .�e3 f6 22.f:Ja4 �e7 23.f:Jc5 §. xd5 (23 . . . l:'=!.b8 24.f:Jxb7) 24.exd5 f:Jb4 2 5 . d6+ with advantage for White.

s.Ab5+1

(K) I f 8 . f:Jdb4 , not 8 . . . '{{)' x d l +, but 8 . . . a6! , which is strong.

20.exd5 4)d4+ 21 .�d3 �e7 22.f41 f6 2 3 . f x e 5 f x e 5 2 4 . �e4 �d6 25.§.fl E!cS 26.§.f7 §.c4 27.�d3 §.b4 28. §. xg7

8 ... Ad7 9.4)f5 4)c6?!

(R) Relatively best was 9 . . . 1txb5. Now Black's position grows weaker as White achieves control over the black squares.

(L) Also strong was 28.b3 and White will win at least a pawn; for example, 28 . . . f:Jb5 29.f:Jxb5! §. xbS 30.§. xg7 h 5 3 1 .l:'=!.h7 l:'=!. xd5+ 32 .�e3.

1 0 . 4) d6 + .i}. x d6 l l ." � x d 6 "fJe7 12.�xe7+ 4) xe7

(R) After 1 2 . . . �xe7 1 3.Ag5 1te6 14.f4 White has a strong attack.

28 . . . §, x b 2 2 9 . §. x h7 30.§.h6+ �d7

1 3 . Ae 3 a6 1 4 . A x d7+ 4) x d7 1 5 . �e 2 §.cS 1 6 . §, hd l 4) c 5 17.A xc5

§. x g 2

(K) The king must retreat: 30 . . . �c5 3 1 .f:Je4+ and i f 3 l . . . 'it> xd5 3 2 . El d 6+ 1 84

St. Petersburg 1 909 (232) Duras - Rubinstein St. Petersburg (8) 1 909 Ruy Lopez [C77]

mate. And upon any other moves the advance of the d-pawn wins. 31.Eth7+ �d6 32.E{h6+ �d7

Notes by Lasker (L), Kmoch (K) and Razuvaev (R). l . e4 e5 2 . /Z) f3 !z) c 6 3 . A b 5 a6 4.Aa4 !z)f6 5.d3 d6 6.c4

(K) A favorite variation of the Czecho­ slovak master. With it he has won many successes. 6 . . . g6 7.d4 e x d4 8 . /Z) x d4 Ad7 9./Z) xc6 A,xc6 10.0-0 Ag7 1 1 ./Z)c3 0-0 12.f3

33.4)e41

(R) An excellent move ! Black's king will be repulsed on the last rank. 33 . . . E{ x a 2 34.Eth7+ �d8 3 5 .d6 /Z)b5

(L) The threat was .:£\f6 and § h8+ mate.

(R) Stopping 37.'it'd5 with 37 . . . .:£\c7+!, but not 37 ... .:£\d4+? 38 ..:£\cS b6 39.§h8+ mate. 37. E{ x b7 li\ a 3 + 38. �b4! Et b 5 + 3 9 . E{ x b 5 !z) x b 5 4 0 . � c 5 � d 7 4 t . � d 5 a 5 4 2 . /Z) c 5 + � e 8 43.� xe5 �f7 44.4)b7, 1 - 0 [Time: White 3 :00, Black 3 : 00]

(L) Rubinstein conducted the endgame of this game with monumental mastery. (K) An elegant example of the power of centralization, by virtue of which White obtains an irresistible attack even in the ending.

(L) A waste of time, which is possible to be avoided with 1 2 . .ll x c6. In this case, after 12 . . . bxc6 13 . .ll g 5 h6 1 4 . .lle 3 White wins an important tempo for i£td2 or .lld4 . (R) Lasker's criticism of 1 2 .f3 is not justified. After 14 . . . § e8 Black achieves an excellent game; for example, 1 5 .f3 d5!, or 1 5 .i£1c2 ( 1 5.i£1d3) 1 5 . . . .:£\g4! with initiative. In my opinion, 1 2 .f3 is not a bad move. 12 ... 4)d7 13.Ae3 /Z)e5

(R) Possible was 13 . . . l"!. e8. 1 85

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King �c5 2 6 . �x c 5 b x c 5 27 . .§ ae 1 .§ ae8 28.g3 g5!? 29.fxg5 .§ xfl + 30 . .§ xfl .§e2.

t4.Ab3

(L) 14.c5 will be refuted by 14 . . . <£lc4 1 5.'�e2
24 ... .§ ae8 2 5 . � d 5 �f5 2 6 . .§dl .§e4 27.g3 .§fe8 28.'if}g2

14... b6 1 5.f4?! 28 . . . h 5

(R) Now the pawn e4 will be weak. Better was 1 5 . .£ld4 .§ e8 1 6.<£Jd5 with approximately equal chances.

(L) Excellent! This threatens to even­ tually play . . . h4 and . . . .§e3.

1 5 ... .£)d7 16.Ad4 .£lc5 17.A xg7 29.b3 .§e3 30 . .§d4 'if}f6! 3l .h3?

(R) After this move Black takes con­ trol of the diagonal a 1 -h8. Worthy of consideration was 17 . .llc 2 a5 18. �d2 �h4, and Black is only slightly better. 17 ... 'if} xg7 18.Ac2 a5 19.�g4

(L) Much better was 1 9.�d4+, and if 1 9 . . . �f6 20.�xf6+ 'i1txf6 2 1 . .§ ae 1 , and White can hope for a draw. If B lack tri e s to avo i d the exchange of the queens, then White's queen will have a dominant position. 19 . . . .£) x e4! 20 . .£) x e4 f5 2 1 . �f3 f x e4 2 2 . A x e4 A x e4 2 3 . � x e4 �f6! 24 . .§f2?!

(R) Black wants to take the e-file. This should be prevented by playing 24.�c6 (shown by Yusupov). Possible is the following variation: 24 . . . �d4+ 25 .'i1lhl

(L) This makes B lack's task easier, but White already was lost. For example, 3 l . .§ dd2 h4 3 2 .�xf5 + gxf5 33 . .§ f3 hxg3 3 4 . hxg3 .§ e 2 + 3 5 . .§ f2 .§ x d2 36 . .§ xd2 .§ e3, to be followed by . . . a4a3 and final posting of the rook at b2. 3l ... h4! 32.�xf5+

( R ) If 3 2 . g4 .§ g3 + 3 3 . 'i1lh 2 � x d 5 34.cxd5 .§ ee3 and B lack wins. 32 ... g x f5 33.g x h4 .§g8+ 34.'if}fl .§ x h 3 3 5 . 'if}e 2 .§e8+ 3 6 . 'if} d 2 .§ x h4 3 7. .§g2 .§eh8 38.'if}c3 .§h3+ 39 . .§d3 .§ x d3+ 40. 'if} x d3 .§h3 + 4 1 . 'if}d4 .§ f3 4 2 . 'if} d 5 .§ x f4 43.'if}c6 .§g4 44 . .§f2 .§ g7 45.'iftd5 .§e7 46 . .§fl 'i!Jg5 47 . .§ g l + 'if}f4 48.a3 'if}f3 49 . .§fl + 'i!Jg4 5 0 . .§gl + 'ifth3 5 1 . .§fl .§e5+ 5 2. 'i!Jc6 'i!Jg 2

1 86

St. Petersburg 1 909 53 . .§f4 �g3 54 . .§fl .§c5+ 55.�b7 f4 5 6 . .§ c 1 d 5 57 . .§ g 1 + �f2 58. .§b1 d4 59 . .§c1 d3 60.b4 a x b4 61.axb4 d2 62 . .§c2 �e3 63.bxc5 d 1 = � 64 . .§ c 3 + �d4 6 5 . c x b6 �xc3, 0-1

According to Lasker, after 1 9 . '�c4 White has a clear advantage with his extra pawn. 19 ... b5! 20 . .§ x b5?

Compounding his previous blunder. Essential was 20.�a6 with Lasker giv­ ing the line 20 . . . 4Jd4 2 1 . 4Jc3 b4 22.e3 b x c 3 2 3 . e x d4 § x b l ( 2 3 . . . '� x d4 2 4 . § x b 8 § x b8 2 5 . �c 6 ) 2 4 . § x b l �xd4 25.'�e2. Dus-Chotimirsky, i n his collection of best games, continues on with 25 . . . J:ta3 26.§dl ! �e5 27.�xe5 fxe5 28.1.te4 § xf7. Black has an extra pawn but White should be able to hold.

(K) A very good game ! (R) One of Rubinstein's best games ! Fedor Dus-Chotimirsky ( 1 879- 1 965) won a special prize for beating both Rubinstein and Lasker at St. Petersburg. Here he had more than a little luck as Akiva committed two horrible blunders in a much better position to tum a prob­ able win into a loss.

20 ... .§ xb5 21.�xb5 .£ld4 22.�e8 .£1 x e 2 + 2 3 . �fl .£1 x c 1 24 . .£1 x e7 �e2+ 25.�g1 �d1 + 26.Afl �d8 27 . � x d8 .§ x d8 28 . .£l c 6 .§f8 29.Ac4 .£je2+, 0- 1 [Time: White 2 :02, Black 2 :02]

(233) Rubinstein - Dus-Chotimirsky St. Petersburg (9) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D34] 1.d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd5 5 . .£lc3 .1l,e6 6.g3 .£l f6 7 . .1l,g2 .£jc6 8.0-0 c4 9.Ag5 Ae7 10 . .£le5 �b6 ? ! 11 . .1l, x f6 g x f6 12 . .£1 x c4! dxc4 13.d5 0-0

Here 13 . . . § d8 would have been an­ swered by 14:�a4. 1 4 . d x e 6 � x b 2 1 5 . e x f7 + �h8 16 . .£Jd5 .§ab8 1 7 . .§b1 � e 5 18.�a4 c 3 19 . .§fc1?

The following game features what may be the most famous pawn ending of all time. Praised as a model example of strategic play, this example has been passed along from endgame book to endgame book as flawless. The volume on pawn endings in the Encyclopedia of Chess Endings series, published in 1 982, gives analysis by Unzicker that does nothing to challenge the status quo. While the ultimate assessment of a B lack win is not in question, the highly recommended A nalysing the Endgame, by Jonathan Speelman, gives analysis by compatriot Jonathan Mestel which shows that there is much more to this "simple" pawn ending than was originally thought. Though others (see Chess Life 1 97 5, p. 8 1 4 and 1 979 p. 638) had earlier pointed out some ana­ lytical errors, Speelman 's and Mestel's 1 87

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King analysis of this ending is the most thor­ ough we have seen. Erich Cohn ( 1 884- 1 9 1 8), a doctor of medicine who played Rubinstein sev­ eral times, is not to be confused with the professional chess player Wilhelm Cohn ( 1 85 9- 1 9 1 3 ). Rubinstein played both of them at Ostende 1 907. Profes­ sor Elo rates E. Cohn the slightly higher of the two (2480-2450).

(K) Now 24.f4 had to be played. If then 24 . . . «!i'f6 25.«!i'd3 b5 26.!'\gl and White can hold the game. 24 ... § xcl 25.�xcl

(234) E. Cohn - Rubinstein St. Petersburg ( 1 0) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [D27] Notes by Kmoch (K), Unzicker (U) and Speelman and Mestel (SM).

25 ... �f6! 26.�d2 �g5 27.�e2

(K) With his march to c7, White would be left too far behind: 27.«!i'd3 'it>h4 28.«!i'd4 «!i'h3 29.«!i'c5 «!i'xh2 30.«!i'd6 «!i'g2 3 1 .'it'c7 b5!, etc.

l . d 4 d5 2 . 4) f3 c5 3.c4 d x c4 4.dxc5?! "tt xdl + 5.�xd1 4)c6 6.e3 -'tg4 7.-'l, x c4 e6 8.a3 -'l, xc5 9.b4 -'1,d6 10.-'tb2 4)f6 1 1.4)bd2 �e7 1 2 . � e 2 -'1. e 5 ! 1 3 . -'l. x e 5 4) x e 5 1 4 . § h c l § ac8 1 5 . -'t b 3 § hd8 1 6 . 4) c4 4) x c4 1 7 . § x c4 § x c4 1 8 . -'1, x c4 4) e4 1 9 . � e l -'1, x f3 20.gxf3 4) d6 21 .-'te2?

27 . . . �h4 28.�fl �h3 29.�gl e5!

(U) Not so clear is 29 ... b5 30.f4. 30.�hl

(K) 2 1 .�d3 should have been played. If 2 1 . . . !'\ c8 2 2 . f4 ! w a s p l ayab l e ( 2 2 . . . !'\ c3 23.«!i'd2 El b3?? 24.«!i'c2).

(K) If 30.e4 there would follow 30 . . . g5 3 1 . «!i' h l h5 3 2 . «!i'g l h4 3 3 . 'it'h l g4 34.fxg4 'it'xg4 35 .«!i'g2 h3+ and . . . «!i'f3. (SM) (? ! ) This gives B lack a tempo on the queenside. The best chance was 30.a4 b6 3 1 .b5. Now the winning plan used in the game (see note to White 's 3 5 th move) wouldn 't work as Black doesn 't have the tempo-gaining . . . a6 in reserve. However, he can still win by another method: 3 l . . . f5 3 2 . «!i' h l g5 3 3 . 'it>g l h5 3 4 . 'it' h l h4 3 5 . 'it' g l e4 3 6 . fx e4 (36.«!i'h l e x f3 fo l low ed by moving the black king to the que ens ide

21 ... §c8 22.�d2 4)c4+

(K) Psychologically played ! S i nce White is merely try i ng to draw, Rubinstein properly reasoned that his opponent would now grasp the oppor­ tunity to exchange both the remaining pieces. But actually 22 . . . e5 was correct (Lasker). That would have maintained a small advantage. 23.Axc4 § x c4 24.§cl? 1 88

St. Petersburg 1 909 or e2; or 36.f4 gxf4 37.exf4 �g4 etc.) 36 ... fxe4 37.hl (37.f3 exf3 38.e4 g4 3 9 . e 5 g 3 ) 3 7 . . . �g4 3 8 . � g2 h 3 + 39.�gl f3 40.�fl g 4 and wins.

a5 and wins; or b) 40.hl �g5 41 .h3 g x h 3 4 2 . �h 2 �g4 4 3 . �g l � f4 44.�h2 �e4 45 .xh3 (or 45.g3 h2!) 45 . . . �d3 46.�g4 �e2 47.�g3 a6 and the extra tempo is decisive, but 4 1 .h3! would have been drawn if B lack had not got . . . a6 in reserve - see the note to White 's 30th move.

30 . . . b5 3 l . �g 1 f5 3 2 . � h 1 g 5 33-�g1 h5 34.�h1 g4

35 ...fxe4 36.fxe4

( K ) O r 3 6 . fxg4 h x g4 3 7 . �g l e 3 38.fxe3 e 4 39.�hl g 3 etc. 36 ... h4 37.�g1 g3 38.hxg3 h xg3, 0-1

For if 39.f4 exf4 40.e5 g2 4 l .e6 �g3 42.e7 f3 and 43 . . .f2+ mate. [Time: White 2 :4 1 , B lack 2:23]

35.e4

(K) The main variation was 3 5 . fxg4 hxg4 36.�gl f4 37.exf4 exf4 38.�hl g3 39.fxg3 fxg3 40.hxg3 �xg3 with a decisive superiority of the queenside pawns. (SM) Black is winning this position but care is required. White can draw after 38 . . . g3? by 39.fxg3 fxg3 40.hxg3 �xg3 and despite Black's great king position things peter out - 4 1 .g l �f3 42.�fl �e3 43.el �d3 44.�dl c3 45.a4! a6 4 6 . a x b 5 a x b 5 4 7 . � c l � x b 4 48.b2 . After 3 8 . . . g3? White even has a second way to draw ! 39.hxg3 fxg3 4 0 . �g l g2 ( 4 0 . . . �g4 4 l . g 2 o r 40 . . . a6 4 l . �fl or 4 l .f3) 4 l . f4 �g4 42 .xg2 �xf4 43.�f2 . However, the position is winning after White 's 3 8th m o v e . The c orrect way i s 38 . . . f3 ! 39.gl �h4 and now : a) 40.fl h5! 4l .�el �g5 42.�fl (42 .�d2? �h4h3-xh2) 42 . . . \t>f4 43.'it'e l 'it'e4 44.'it'd2 d4 4 5 . �c 2 'it'c 4 4 6 . \t> d 2 'it'b 3 47.
In the eleventh round Rubinstein had the bye. (23 5 ) Teichmann - Rubinstein St. Petersburg ( 1 2) 1 909 French Exchange [CO l ] 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4 . .£jf3 .£Jf6 5.Ad3 Ad6 6.o-o o-o 7.Ag5 -'l,g4 8 . .£j bd 2 .£l bd7 9 . c 3 c 6 1 0 .� c 2 �c7 l l . E!fe1 E!fe8 12.h3 Axf3 13 . .£l xf3 h6 14.-'l, xf6 .£J xf6 1 5 . E! x e8+ E! x e8 1 6 . E! e 1 E! x e l + 1 7. .£J xe1, Draw [Time: White 0 : 3 5 , B lack 0: 1 8]

(236) Rubinstein - Schlechter St. Petersburg ( 1 3) 1 909 Queen's Gambit Declined [067] Notes by Lasker (L), Kmoch (K) and Razuvaev (R). 1 .d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 e6 3.c4 .£jf6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5 . .£lc3 .£lbd7 6.e3 c6 7.-'l.d3 1 89

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King dxc4 8.J}.xc4 -i)d5 9.Axe7 �xe7 10.0-0 0-0 l l . §.c1 §.d8?1 (L) This plan does not promise an equal game. Better is 1 1 . . .4Jxc3.

and when p o s s i b l e . . . l"! cd 7 , w i t h counterpressure o n the queen 's file. There is, however, a resultant weakness on e6, which Rubinstein exploits deci­ sively in amazing fashion.

12. �c2 -i)f8

19.�a51

(K) Before the queen 's bishop is de­ veloped, it is almost invariably bad to remove the knight at d7 from its fine post. The text is indeed in harmony with the previous move, merely indicating that the method of development cho­ sen by Black is faulty.

(L) The attack against the a-pawn is effective, because 1 9 ... 4Jc8 will be re­ futed by 20.4Jxe6! On the other hand, the promising looking move 1 9.d5 does not bring someth ing decisive after 19 . . . exd5 20.exd5 <;!;>h8 or, perhaps better, 19 . . . 1H7.

13.e4 -i) b6?!

19 ... g5

(L), (R) Not a favorable square for the knight. Better is 13 . . . 4Jxc3. (K) The knight is not favorably posted. But if 1 3 . . . 4Jxc3 14.'lifxc3, White's su­ periority is evident.

(K) Black is compelled to make this further weakness if he wishes to save the pawn. For if 19 . . . l"! a8 20.d5 exd5 2 l .exd5 cxd5 22.4Jxd5!, with decisive effect.

14.Ab3 Ad7

20.-i)e2 -i)c8

(R) The tempting 14 . . . c5 does not bring the expected re l i e f. After 1 5 . d x c 5 'lifxc5, White even has a choice between the simple 16:�e2 with pressure over the c- and d-files, or the paradoxical, but perhaps stronger, 16.4Jd5!? 'lifxc2 1 7 . 4Je7+ \t'h8 1 8.4Je5 ! , and Black's defense is difficult. 1 5 . -i) e 2 1 J}.e8 1 6 . §. fd 1 §.ac8 17.�c31 2 1 .d51

(R) An excellent idea! The transfer of the queen to aS increases White's pressure.

(K) This onslaught is overwhelming. 21 ... §.cd7

17 ... §.c7 18.-i)f4 f6 (K) Thereby B lack aims to play . . �f7, .

(L) If 2 l . . .b6 2 2 . '�c3 exd5 23 .exd5 'lif x e 2 2 4 . d6+ .§ f7 2 5 . 'lif x f6 l"! dd7 1 90

St. Petersburg 1 909 26. 1"\ e l �b5 27.1"\ xe8 �xb3 28.� xg5+ and White wins. 22.4)ed4! cxd5 23.exd5 § xd5

(L) Loss of an exchange was unavoid­ able; for instance, 23 . . . exd5 24.�a4 b6 (24 . . . l"i d6 2 5 . 4Jf5) 2 5 . �a6 l"i c7 (or l"i b7) 26.4Jf5 . 24.Axd5 § xd5 25."�e1

(K) Rubinstein now marshals his rela­ tively slight advantage in material with machine-like precision to victory. 25 ... 4)d6 26.4)e2! Ac6

(K) Schlechter defends himself as well as is possible. After 26 . . . l"i b5 27.�d2 4Je4 28.�e3 White wins more easily through his control of both open files. 2 7 . § x d 5 A x d 5 2 8 . 4) fd4 e5 2 9 . .£J c 3 ! 'lf!/f7 3 0 . 4) x d 5 'lf!/ x d 5 3 1.4)b3 b6 32.§d1 'lf!/c6 33.'lf!/c3 'lf!/ x c3 3 4 . b x c 3 4) e4 3 5 .c4 �f7 36.§d8 �e7 37.§a8 a5 38.f3 4)c3 3 9 . c 5 b x c 5 4 0 . 4) x c 5 4) x a 2 4 t . § a 7 + �e8 4 2 . �f2 4) b4 43.§ xa5 �f7 44.�e3 h5 45.�e4 4) c6 4 6 . § a 6 4) e 7 47.g4! h x g4 48.fxg4 �g6 49.§a7 �f7 50.4)b7 �g6 5 1 .4)d6 4) c6 5 2 . §c7 4) d4 5 3 . .£J f 5 4) x f5 5 4 . g x f 5 + � h 6 55.�f3 4) h 7 56.� g4 e 4 57. §e7 e3 58.§ xe3 �g7 59.§e7+, 1-0 [Time: White 3 :48, Black 3 : 52]

was equal th ird with Schlechter at Nuremburg 1 906 ahead of Chigorin, Tarrasch, and Vidmar. Elo, in his The Rating of Chessplayers, gives him a five year rating high of 2520. (23 7) Fleischmann - Rubinstein St. Petersburg ( 1 4) 1 909 French Exchange [CO l ] Notes by Lasker (L), Kmoch (K) and Authors (A). 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4.4)f3 .£Jf6 5.-'td3 -'td6 6.o-o o-o 7.Ag5 Ag4 8 . 4) bd 2 4) bd 7 9 . c 3 c 6 10.'lf!/c2 'lf!/c7 l l . §fe1 §fe8 12.h3 A h 5 1 3 . § x e8 + § x eS 1 4 . § e 1 § xe1+ 15.4) xe1 Ag6

(K) The real battle now begins - with reduced forces. 16.Axg6 hxg6

(K) An important advantage for Black: he has retained the good bishop; White has the inferior one. 17.4)ef3 4)f8 18.A xf6(?)

( A ) Rather than exchange o ff h i s bishop, White might have considered 1 8.<£\fl 4Je4 1 9 .�cl 4Je6 20.<£\el f5 2 1 .4Jd3, with a solid position and good defensive prospects. 18 ... gxf6 19. 'lf!/a4

(L) A waste of important time. It was necessary to parry B lack's maneuver . . 4Je6-4Jf4 by playing 1 9 . 4Jb3-4Jc l 4Jd3. (K) White is working without a plan. Besides, Lasker 's advice, 1 9.c4, was worth considering.

(L) White has played the entire game with extraordinary power, and occa­ sionally with subtlety.

.

Leo Fleischmann ( 1 88 1 - 1 930) enj oyed a brief but distinguished career. Active only from 1 905- 1 9 1 3 , his best result 191

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 19 ... a6 20.�fl �e6 21.g3?

(L) A fter 2 7 .�xe7 -'txe7 2 8 . h4 f6, White loses either the d- or g- pawn.

(L) Now the defense is not so easy, be­ cause g3 is a target for attack. (K) After this weakening move B lack gets his attack. The ensuing greater dis­ advantage might have been avoided by 2 l .�c2, in order to answer 2 1 . . .4:\f4 by 22.4:\el and
27 . . . � x g5 28. � 1d2 .1l.b4 29.h4 � e4 30.�fl �d6 3 1 . �g4 �e4 3 2.h5 � f 5 33.h xg6 f xg6 34.a3 .il.d6 35.� 1d2 �e2 36. �g5 � e3+ 3 7 . Ci;flg 1 � d 1 + 3 8 . Ci;fl h 2 � f l + 39.� xfl � x f3 40.Ci;flg1 �h31

(K) Threatening 4 l . . . f3 ! whereafter White would quickly come to grief as the r e s u l t o f the zugzwan g ; e . g . , 4 l .�xd5 f3 42 .�g5 'it'h7 43.d5 b5. As soon as White uses up his pawn moves, he will be mated. Hence, he must now exchange queens.

21 ... f51 22.Ci;flg2 f41 23.g4

4 1 . �g 2 � x g 2 + 4 2 . Ci;fl x g 2 .il.c7 43.�d2 .il.b6 44.�b3 Ci;flf6 45.f3 g 5 4 6 . Ci;flf2 Ci;flf5 4 7 . Ci;fl f 1 g4 4 8 . f x g4 + Ci;fl x g4 4 9 . � c 5 .il. x c 5 50.dxc5 d4 51 .b4 d3 52.a4 f3, 0- 1 [Time : White 3 :22, Black 2 :47]

23 . . . c51

(L) Black creates an attack which, in comparison to the slight force put in action, has extraordinary vigor. (K) Three pawns move - three fateful moves ! Now the various small over­ sights of White bring their revenge . Rubinstein understands how to inaugu­ rate a strong attack, in spite of the di­ versity of his materials, and to carry it to a decisive conclusion. 24. �e8+ Ci;flg7 25.g5?

(A) C ompro m i s i n g his game even more. It was absolutely imperative to get the queen, which is out of play on e8, back into the game via the maneu­ ver �e8-a4 - dl .

(23 8) Rubinstein - Bernstein St. Petersburg ( 1 5) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D53] Notes by Lasker (L) and Authors (A). 1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 e6 3.c4 �f6 4 . .1l.g 5 .1l.e7 5.�c3 �bd7 6.e3 a6 7.c5

(A) This move is criticized by Lasker in the tournament book. One way to try to exploit Black's early . . . a6 is by head­ ing into the Exchange Variation with 7.cxd5 exd5 8.-'td3. If White eschews the minority attack, and plays in the center or kingside, then . . . a6 will be a loss of time.

25 ... cxd4 26.cxd4 �e71 27.�c8

(A) A more consi stent fol low-up to 1 92

St. Petersburg 1 909 White 's last move would have been 8.M4, trying to keep Black cramped by avoiding exchanges. 8 . . . � x e7 9 . �c 2 f5 1 0 . J}. e 2 c6 1 1.0-0 0-0 12.4) xe4(?)

nations, that he is tired out and j udges the situation wrongly. He thinks White is in zugzwang, whereas he himself is in want of moves. 32.a3?

(L) White is obviously also tired. What c o u l d B l ack do against 3 2 . b4? I f 3 2 . . . E! f6 White would win b y 33.'l1fe7+ 'ittg6 34. E! g8 and if 32 . . . 'l1ig5 33.i1fxg5 fo l l o w e d by 3 4 . E! b8 . F i n a l l y, i f 3 2 . . . i1if6 then 3 3 . f! b8 i1ff5 34.'l1ie8+ 'ittf6 35.'l1id8+ winning. (A) White can also consider Tarrasch's suggestion of 32.E! b8 E! e6 33.f! xb7+ 'ittf6 34.�d2 E! e l + 35.'ittg 2. 32 ... a5 33.b4?

(A) This leads to a rather sad position for White. More interesting is 1 2 . b4 meeting 1 2 . . . e5 with 1 3 .dxe5 4Jxe5 14.4Jd4.

(A) 33.f!b8 was still possible. 33 ... a4 34.b5

12 ... fxe4 13./i)el e5 14.�d2 exd4 1 5.exd4 /i)f6 16 . .§cl Ag4 17 . .§c3 .§f7 1 8 . f3 e x f3 1 9 . Jl x f3 4) e4 20.Jl x e4 .§ x f l + 2 Vi�i' x fl � x e4 22 . .§e3 �f4+ 23.�gl .§f8 24.4)f3 J}.xf3 25.gxf3 h6

(L) A deep combination which, how­ ever, does not win. He should play 34.f4 in order to w i n a pawn in case o f 3 4 . . . i1if6 b y 35.E!b8. 34 ... c x b5 35 . .§b8 .§e6 36 . .§ x b7+ .§e7!

{ A ) C reat i n g luft and threat e n i n g 26 . . . �g5 + 27.�h l E! xf3 b u t Lasker prefers the more direct 25 . . . g5 intend­ ing . . . g4.

(L) Here White had expected 37 . . .'.fif6 and for the contingency he had prepared E! b6 by the sacrifice of a pawn.

26. �d3 .§f5 27 . .§e8+ �f7 37.c6 �e8! 38 . .§b8+ �f7 39 . .§b7 �e8, Draw

(L) Here 27 . . . 'itth7 28.f!f8 g6 29.f! xf5 should be a draw. 2 8 . � e3 � g 5 + 2 9 . �f2 � h 4 + 30.�g2 .§ g 5+ 3Vit>hl .§ g6

(239) Rubinstein - Freiman St. Petersburg { 1 6) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [D27]

(L) He ought to play 3 1 . . .'ittg6. Bl ac k has so abs orbed himself with combi-

l .d4 d5 2./i)f3 4)f6 3.c4 dxc4 4.e3 e6 5 . Jl x c4 a6 6.0-0 c5 7.a4 b6? 1 93

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 8.�e2 Ab7 9.1ilc3 4)c6 10.§d1 �c7 l l .d5! e x d 5 1 2. j}, x d 5 Ae7 13.e4 0-0 14.e5 4)e8 15. �e4 4)a5? 16.j}, xb7, 1 -0

27 . . . b4

(L) Better was 27 . . . �d6. This is one of the v e ry rare o c c a s i o n s when Rubinstein undertakes a doubtful com­ bination.

F o r i f 1 6 . . . � x b 7 1 7 . � x b 7 4:l x b 7 1 8 . .§ d7, or 1 6 . . . 4Jxb7 1 7 . 4Jd 5 , and White wins. [Time: White 0 : 5 8, Black 1 :07]

2 8 . }3 x a 5 b x c3 2 9 . � x c3 4) e4 3 0 . 4) x e4 }3 x e4 3 1 . 13 d 5 �e7 32.13c5 §e2 33. �g3

(240) Spielmann - Rubinstein St. Petersburg ( 1 7) 1 909 Ruy Lopez [C87]

(L) Here White could play 33 . .§ xc7. A fter 3 3 . . . .§ x f2 + 3 4 . �g 3 �g 5 + 3 5 .�xf2 �f4+ 36.�e l .§ e8+ 37.�dl .llh 5+ 38.'it'c2, the white king escapes via b l -a2 (for example, if . . .�xf2+ and . . . �xgl +), and White's pawns are very strong.

Notes by Lasker (L) and Kmoch (K). l . e4 e 5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . A b 5 a 6 4.Aa4 4)f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.}3e1 b5 7.Ab3 d6 s.c3 Ag4?t 9.h3 Ah5 10.d3 0-0 1 1 . 4) bd 2 d 5 1 2.exd5 4) xd5 13.4)fl

33 ... �d6 34. � xd6?

(L) Losing all his advantage ! The right c o nti nuation was 3 4 . A x f7 + ! ; e . g . , 3 4 . . . .ll x f7 3 5 . l"l e5!! and White wins, or 34 . . . �xf7 35 . .§ xc7+ 'it'e6 36.d5+ �xd5 37.�g4+, and White wins easily. [Authors ' note: As the following play shows, 34.�xd6 is the decisive mistake which loses the game.]

( K ) I f 1 3 . g4 , there w o u l d fo l l o w 1 3 . . . Ag6 14.4:lxe5 4:l x e 5 1 5 . .§ xe5 4:lf4 with a strong attack. 13 . . . Af6 14.g4 Ag6 1 5 .g5 Ae7 1 6 . 4) x e 5 4) x e 5 1 7 . § x e 5 4) b6 1 8 .d4 4) d7 1 9 . § e 1 A x g5 20.j},xg5 � xg5+ 21. �g4

34 ... c x d6 35.13c7 § x b2 36.}3gc1 �f8 37.Ac2 §a2 38.j},xg6 hxg6 3 9 . § 1 c 2 § x c 2 40 . § x c 2 § a S 4 1 . §c3

(L) Black regains the pawn, but White's game is nicely developed. (K) Now if Black exchanges queens he has an unfavorable ending; the White maj ority on the queenside would be brought quickly to effectiveness. Hence the queen must retreat, and White wins time to obtain fine development.

B e l g i an GM O ' K e l l y, a p u p i l o f Rubinstein's, gave the following analy­ sis in Echec et Mat (July 1 5 , 1 947): (4 1 ..§ c3?) 4 l ..§a2! .§ a4 42.�g2 .§ xd4? 4 3 . a 4 .§ c4 44 . a 5 .§ c7 4 5 . a6 § a7 4 6 . �f3 �e7 4 7 . � e 4 . S p i e l m ann chooses a more passive defense.

2 1 . .. �d8 2 2 . 4) g3 4) f6 2 3 . �f3 �d7 2 4 . � h 2 a5 2 5 . a 3 § ab8 26.13e5 §fe8 27.§g1

41 ... }3a4 42.§ d3 �e7 43.�g3

(L) Here White should take control of the e-file, playing simply 27 . .§ ae l . 1 94

(L) Here 43.d5 was necessary, stopping

St. Petersburg 1 909 the advance of Black 's king. Then if 43 . . . �f6 44 . .§ f3+, or 43 . . .f5 44 . .§e3+ and 45 . .§ e6. (K) Even 43.d5 was not sufficient, though the advance of the black king is thereby stopped for the time being. However, instead of 43 . . . �f6 or 43 .. .f5, B lack can force the advance of his king after the necessary preparation: 43 . . . g5 4 4 . �g2 �f6 4 5 . .§ f3 + �g6 46 . .§ d 3 (otherwise 4 6. . . .§ d4) 4 6 . . .f6! and now the king comes to e5 by way of f5.

(L) The mastery with which Rubinstein implements the following endgame is more than prizeworthy.

(L) White loses a pawn anyway. If 5 2 . .§ e3 .§ b8 53 . .§ d3 .§ b 2 + 54.�e3 .§a2 and White is in zugzwang. 52 ... cifjl x d4 53.a4 E!a7 54.E!a3 E!a5 55.E!a1 'it'c4 56.cifle3 d4+ 57.'it'd2 E!f5 58.'it'e1 'it'b4 59.cifle2 'it'a5 60.E!a3 E!f4 61.E!a2 E!h4 62.'it'd3 E! x h3+ 63. cifl x d4 E!h4+ 64.cifld3 E! x a4 65.E!e2 E!f4 66.cifle3 cifjlb6 6 7 . E! c 2 'it' b 7 6 8 . E! c 1 E! a 4 6 9 . E! h 1 cifjl c 6 70 . E! h 7 E! a 7 7 1 . 'it'e4 'it' d 6 7 2 . ciflf5 g6 + ! 7 3 . cifl x g6 E! x h7 74. cifl x h 7 cifle5 75.ciflg6 g4, 0-1 [Time : White 4:38, Black 4:32]

(24 1 ) Rubinstein - Sa/we St. Petersburg ( 1 8) 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D52]

(K) The pawn at d4 must fall sooner or later. Hence White surrenders it imme­ diately in order to get some freedom of action. B lack, however, takes his own time in making the capture, and first takes other precautions. In such end­ ings, if one aims to win, it is quite right not to consummate one 's advantage too early. 46.E!b3 f6 47.ci!fe3 ci!}c4 48.E!d3 d5 49.ci!}d2 E!a8 50.ci!}c2 E!a7 5 1 .ci!}d2 E!e7 52.E!c3+ 1 95

1 .d4 d5 2.l�) f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5.4)c3 dxc4 6.e3 a6 7.Axc4 b5 s.Ad3 Ab7 9.a4 b4 10.it xf6 g x f6 1 1 . 4) e 2 4) d7 1 2 . �c 2 c 5 1 3 . .Q. e 4 � c 7 1 4 . A x b7 � x b7 1 5 .0-0 E!c8 16.E!fcl 0-0 17.�d3 E!fd8 18.�b3 cxd4 19.exd4 4)b6 20.4)f4 �e4 21 .4)d3 4)d5 22.4)c5 j}_ x c 5 2 3 . d x c 5 'it' h 8 2 4 . E! c 4 � g 6 2 5 . a 5 E! c 7 2 6 .g3 E! dc8 27.E!acl �h6 28.E! 1c2 �f8 29.c6 �d6 30. 4) d4 e 5 ? 3 1 . 4) f5 �e6 3 2 . � f3 E! x c 6 3 3 . E! x c 6 E! x c 6 34.�g4, 1 - 0 [Time: White 2 :2 1 , Black 2 : 1 1 ]

Prior to the last round the leaders were: I . Rubinstein 1 4; 2 . Lasker 1 3 Y2 ; 3 . S p i e l mann I I ; 4 - 5 . Duras and Teichmann I 0. Lasker managed to win his last round game against Teichmann very easily, leaving Rubinstein needing a win for clear first.

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King GM Ludek Pachman, in his Decisive Games in Chess History (pp. 43-44), writing about the last round at St. Petersburg, says: "It looked very much as though Rubinstein had everything in his favor. However, in past tournaments a serious weakness had shown up in his armour - his nerves. In vital games he tended to make elementary mistakes that were unworthy of h i s ab il ity. Lasker, on the other hand, had the knack of applying all his energies at decisive moments and concentrating fully on the task in question. The dif­ ference in purely sporting qualities made itself felt in this case. Rubinstein only j ust managed to share first place, thus failing to demonstrate his superi­ ority over the World Champion. It was perhaps the decisive moment of his chess career, for he was never given an opportunity to measure swords with Lasker in a world championship title match. " P a c h m an i s certa i n l y right that Rubinstein had a hard scrap in the last round. To be fair, though, Black against Tartakover wasn 't quite the same as having White against Teichmann. Char­ acterizing Rubinstein as a player with weak nerves in 1 909 seems to us a case of mixing up what was to come with what had occurred. Prior to St. Peters­ burg 1 909 (and really until the 1 920's), Rubinstein had an excellent record in tense competitive situations. One need only recall his last round win over Teichmann in their match at Vienna 1 908. Further evidence is Ostende and Carlsbad from 1 907. If he had a weak­ ness as a competitor it was that he was often a slow starter - a weakness that proved fatal in short events like St. Petersburg 1 9 1 4.

(242) Tartakover - Rubinstein St. Peters burg ( 1 9) 1 909 French Exchange [CO l ] l.e4 e6 2.c4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4.d4 .f}f6 5 . .flf3 Ae7 6 . .Q.e2 0-0 7.0-0 d x c4 8 . .Q. x c4 .f} bd7 9 . .flc3 .f} b6 10 . .Q.b3 .Q.g4?1

T h i s b i shop sortie lands B l ack i n trouble. Safer is 1 0 . . . c 6 o r 1 0 . . <£'lbd5 . .

l l .h3 .Q.h5

Here 1 1 . . ..ilxf3 was more prudent. 1 2 .g41 .Q.g6 13 . .fle5 c5 14 . .f} xg6 hxg6 15.dxc5 A xeS t6:�f3 'f1c7 1 7 . .Q.f4 'f1c6 1 8 . 'f1 x c6 b x c6 1 9 . l;:! a c l jtd4 2 0 . .f} e 2 1 jt x b 2 2 l . l;:! x c 6 l;:! ac8 2 2 . l;:! x c8 l;:! x c8 23.l;:!dl .f}c4?

Correct was 23 . . . a 5 ! intending . . . a4 . Now Rubinstein dri fts into serious trouble.

The last chance to keep White 's advan­ tage to a minimum was by 25 . . . <£'lxb3 2 6 . a x b3 .ila3 27 . .§ a l .il c S 2 8 .Ae3 .ilxe3 29.fxe3 .§ c7 30.4:'ld4 <£'IdS. 1 96

St. Petersburg 1 909 26.Ae3 .§c7 27.g5 4) e8 28.Ad5 Acs 29 . .§b8 <;t>fs 30. Af4 .§d7 3t.Af3 Ad6 32 . .§a8?

This lets Rubinstein off the hook. With 32 . .!"! c8 ! , preventing the knight from getting into play, Black would have a difficult game. 32 . . . 4)c41

Now Rubinstein easily makes a draw. 33.A x d6+ 4) c x d6 34. 4) d4 .§c7 35.4)c6 4)c8 36.a4 4) b6 37 . .§b8 4) xa4 38.4) xa7 .§ x a7 39.Ac6 e7 40 . .§ xe8+ <;t>d6 4 t . A x a4 .§ x a4, Draw [Time: White 2 : 30, Black 2 :30]

1 97

Rubinstein-Mieses 1 909 The second match between these two players again sees Rubinstein victori­ ous but not without a big fight. After losing the first three games, the great master from Lodz digs in his heels and scores six of the next seven to keep his match record unblemished. The con­ trasting style of the two players is evi­ denced by the openings in the match, with Rubinstein employing the Queen's Gambit as White and Mieses the Vienna and Scotch. (243 ) Mieses - Rubinstein Berlin ( 1 ) May 1 2, 1 909 Vienna [C29] Notes by Schlechter (S), and Hoffer (H). l .e4 e5 2 . .£\c3 .£\f6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 .£\ xe4 5 . .£\{3 Ag4 6.-'1,e2 .£\c6 7.d3

(S) If 7.0-0, then 7 . . . itc5+ 8.d4 itxf3 9.dxc5 4:lxc3 1 0.bxc3 itxe2 l l .�xe2 �e7. 7 ... -'l_ xf3 8.-'i, xf3 �h4+

(S) Quite correct. Black obtains at least two pawns and a strong attack in ex­ change for the piece. 9 . g3 .£\ x g3 1 0 . h x g 3 � x g3 + 1 Vil7fl Ac5 12.d4 -'l_ x d4!?

[Authors : Long forgotten, this continu­ ation probably deserves a second look. T h e o ry g i v e s o n l y 1 2 . . . 4:l x d4 (Schlechter) with an attack for Black, but the supporting variations are not very clear.]

1 3 . �e 2 0-0-0 1 4 . -'1, x d 5 !! he8 15.�f3 � xe5

(S) The following is worth considering: 1 5 . . . � x f3 + 1 6 . it x f3 4:l x e 5 1 7 . ite 2 ltxc3 18.bxc3 h6, and Black remains with good chances in the endgame. 1 6 . Af4 �f6 18 . .£\e4 �f5

1 7 . -'1, x c 6

b x c6

(S) Or 1 8 . . . .§ xe4 1 9 . �xe4 g5 20.c3 ltb6 2 l . � e 5 � x f4 + 2 2 . � x f4 gxf4 23 . .§ xh7 .§ d7, etc. 1 9 . .£\ g 3 � b 5 + 2 0 . 'il;lg 2 g 5 21.�g4+ f5 22.�xg5 !!g8 23.�h5 !!g4 24.!!hfl -'tf6 25. �f7 !!d2+ 2 6. -'1, x d 2 �e2+ 2 7 . !!f2 !! x g3 + 28. 'il;l x g3 A h 4 + 2 9 . 'il;l h 3 �g4+ 30.'il;lh2 Axf2 3l .�e6+ 'il;ld8

(S) If 3 l . . .'it'b7, then White wins by 32.�b3+ 'it'a8 33 . .§ fl ! . 32.-'tg5+, 1 -0

(244) Rubinstein - Mieses Berlin (2) May 1 3 , 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D34] l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£\c3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5 . .£\f3 .£\c6 6.g3 -'te6 7.-'1,g 2 .£\ f6 8 . 0 - 0 Ae7 9 . Ag 5 .£\ e4 10.-'1,xe7 � xe7 l l .!!cl

Better was 1 1 .4:le5 meeting 1 1 . . .4:lxc3 with 1 2 . 4:lxc6 4:lxdl 1 3 .4:lxe7 'it'xe7 1 4 . .§ fxdl . 11 ... .£\ xc3 12.E{ xc3 c4 13 . .£\e5 0-0 14.b3 � b4 1 5. �d2 E{ac8 1 6 . .§ dl

Rubinstein-Mieses 1 909 b5 1 7.f4 .!£) x e 5 1 8 .f x e 5 ? a 5 19.bxc4 .§ xc4 2 0..§b3 'ita4 2 1.e3 .§ fc8 2 2 .Af1 .§ c 2 2 3 . 'ite 1 b4 24.Ad3 'itxa2, 0-1

8 . .!£)b3 �b4 9.e3 Ae6 10.Ab5 + .!£)c6

(H) 10 .. .4:'ld7 might be considered. 1 1 . 0 - 0 .!£)f6 1 2 .j't x c 6 + 13.�c2 Axb3

(245) Mieses - Rubinstein Berlin (3) May 1 4 and 1 5 , 1 909 Vienna [C29] 1.e4 e5 2 . .!£)c3 .!£)f6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 .!£) x e4 5 . .!£)f3 Ag4 6 . d 3 .!£) x c3 7.bxc3 .!£)c6 8.d4 f6 9.Ae2 Ae7 10.exf6 A xf6 1 1.0-0 0-0 1 2 ..!£)g5 A x e 2 1 3 . 'lt x e 2 'itd7 1 4 . 'ltd3 A x g 5 1 5 . A x g 5 .!£)a 5 1 6 .Af4 .!£)c4 17 . .§ f3 c6 18 . .§ a f 1 'lte6 1 9 .A c 1 'lt e 4 2 0 . .§ f4 .§ x f4 2 l . .§ x f4 'lt e 6 2 2 . .§ f 2 .§ e 8 23.'lt f 3 h6 24.h3 .!£)d6 2 5 . 'ltd3 'ite4 26.Af4 .!£)b5 27.Ad2 .!£)a3 2 8 . 'itg 3 'ite6 2 9 . 'lt d 3 .!£)c4 30.Acl 'lte4 31 .�h2 .£le3 32.'lte2 .!£)c4 33. 'itd3 .§e6 34. 'itg3 .!£)d6 35.Aa3 .§g6 36.'ltd3 .!£)c4 37.Ac1 'ite8 3 8 .Af4 .§f6 39 . .§ e 2 .§e6 40..§f2 .§e4 41.'ltg3 .§e6 42.Ac1 .!£)d6 43. 'ltf3 �h7 44.Af4 .!£)c4 4 5 . 'itg3 .§ e 1 46. 'lt d 3 + 'ite4 4 7. 'itg3 'itg6 48. 'lt h 4 .!£)d6 49.Ae5 .§e4 5 0 . 'ite7 .£l f 5 51.'lt x b7 .£le3 52.Axg7, 1-0

b x c6

(H) Forced, because of the threats of and �d2. (A) After this exchange White obtains a c l ear advantag e . P r e ferab le i s

4:'ld5, 4:'le2

13 .. ..§c8.

1 4 .a x b3 �b7 16 . .§d1 .§d8

1 5 . �f5

Ad6

(H) Decidedly bad. 16. . .'�d7 should have been played. 17.e41 �xb3?

(H) There i s noth ing left now but 17 .. . 0-0, and if 18 . J:ig5 �e7 , or 18. �e3 a6.

1 8 . Ag 5 � x b 2 1 9 .A x f6 g x f6 20.� xf6 .§f8

(246) Rubinstein - Mieses Berlin ( 4) May 1 6, 1 909 Queen 's Gambit [D06] Notes by Hoffer in The Field 1 909 (H), and Authors (A). 1 .d4 d5 2 ..!£)f3 c5 3.c4 cxd4 4.cxd5 'ita5+ 5.'ltd2 � x d5 6 . .!£)c3 �a5 7 . .!£)xd4 e5

(H) If 20 . ...§g8 , then 2l. .§x a7. This Mieses has overlooked, which explains the wild captures of the pawns in so dangerous a position.

(A) This continuation is not mentioned

21 ..!£)e21

inECO.

1 99

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (H) Threatening 4:Jg3 and 4:Jf5 . The game is over. 2l .. :�c2 22.§xd6 E! xd6 23.'�xd6 f6 2 4 . �e6+ � d S 2 5 .g3 E!eS 26.�d6+ �cS 27.§ xa7, 1-0

(247) Mieses - Rubinstein Hannover (5) May 1 909 Vienna [C29] 1 .e4 e5 2 . .£\c3 .£1 f6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 .£1 x e4 5 . .£\ f3 J}.g4 6 . d 3 .£1 x c 3 7 . b x c3 .£\ c 6 S . § b 1 E! b S 9.Ae2 .Q.e7 10 . .£\ d4 A x e 2 1 1 . � x e 2 .£\ x d4 1 2.c x d4 �d7 1 3.0-0 0-0 14.Af4 b5 1 5.E!f3 E!b6 16.E!bfl § g 6 1 7 . Ae3 � e6 1 S . � h 1 b4 19.§c1 �a6 20.c3 bxc3 21.§ xc3 §c6 22.§ xc6 � x c6 23.E!fl §bS 24.§c1 �d7 25.�c2 E!b7 26.h3 .Q. a 3 2 7 . § b 1 § b6 2 S . A d 2 a6 29.Aa5 § x b 1 + 30.� x b 1 �b5 3 l . � x b 5 a x b 5 3 2 .J}. x c7 � f S 33.Ab6 �eS 34.g4 �d7 35.�g2 �c6 3 6 . A a 7 b4 3 7 . �f3 � b 5 3 S . � e 2 �a4 3 9 . � d 2 A b 2 40.�c2 �a3 41.�b1 Ac3 42.Ac5 A e 1 4 3 . Ab6 A d 2 4 4 . A a 7 g6 4 5 . A b6 A e 1 46.Aa7 Ah4 47.Ac5 Ads 4s.Aa7 .Q.c7 49.Ac5 AdS 50.jlfS, Draw

(248) Rubinstein - Mieses Hannover ( 6) May 1 909 Queen 's Pawn [D02] 1.d4 d5 2.Af4 e6 3.e3 Ad6 4 . .£\f3 A x f4 5.exf4 �d6 6.�c1

A forgotten continuation. 6 .. . .£\ f6 7 . A d 3 b6 s . o- o Aa6 9.A x a6 .£\ x a6 10.c3 0-0 l l .�e3 c5 12 . .£\ bd2 c x d4 13 ..£\ x d4 .£\c5 1 4 . § fe 1 .£\ ce4 1 5 . § e 2 §feS 1 6 . § a e 1 .£\ x d 2 1 7 . § x d 2 .£\ d 7 1S.§de2 a 6 1 9 . �g3 b 5 20.a3 �fS 21 . .£\f3 .£\f6 22.§e5 a5 23.f5 .£\e4 2 4 . �f4 §adS 2 5 . § d 1 .£1 f6 26.f x e6 § x e6 2 7 . �d4 §deS 2S.§de1 § x e 5 2 9 . .£\ x e 5 .£\ d 7 30 . .£\ x d7+ � x d7 3 l . �c5+ �gS 3 2 . § x eS + � x eS 3 3 . �f l �d7 34.�b6 g6 35.�xa5 d4 36.cx d4 � x d4 37.�c3 �d1 + 3S. �e1 �c2 39. �eS+ �g7 40. �e5+ f6 41. �d4 � c 1 + 4 2 .� e 2 �c6 4 3 . g3 g 5 44.�d2 h5 45.h4 g4 46.�d3 �c1 47.� e 2 � c 2 + 4S.�fl �c 1 + 4 9 . �g 2 �c6 + 5 0 . � h 2 � c 2 51.�g2 �cl?? 52.�d7+, 1-0

(249) Mieses - Rubinstein Hannover (7) May, 1 909 Vienna [C29] 1.e4 e5 2 ..£\c3 .£1f6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 .£1 xe4 5 . .£\f3 Ag4 6.d3 .£\c5 7 .Ae2 .£\ c6 S . 0 - 0 Ae7 9 . .£\ d4 A x e 2 1 0 . .£\ c x e 2 .£\ x e 5 1 1 . .£\ f 5 .£\ e6 1 2 . .£\ f4 0 - 0 1 3 . � e 1 .£1 x f4 1 4. � x e 5 .£\ e6 1 5 . .£\ x e7+ � x e7 16.� xd5 c5 17.Ae3 E!adS 1S.�e4 �d7 19.E!f5? §feS 20. �h4 .£1d4 2 l . §g 5 .£1f5 2 2 . �g4 .£1 x e 3 23.§ xg7+ �hS 24.§ x h7+ � x h7 2 5 . � h 5 + � g7 2 6 . �g 5 + �fS 27.�h6+ �e7, 0-1

Berlin, Hannover, Frankfurt, May 12-27, 1909

I . Rubinstein Mieses

2.

000 1 Y:z I I I 0 Y:z

200

I l l Y:z I

6

OOOY:zO

4

Rubinstein-Mieses 1 909 (250) Rubinstein - Mieses Frankfurt (8) May 24, 1 909 Queen's Gambit Declined [D06]

The remainder is played by Rubin stein with exemplary correctness.

Notes by Hoffer. 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.c4 cxd4 4.cxd5 �a5+ 5. �d2 � x d5 6.4)c3 �a5 7.4) xd4 4)f6

(H) No doubt better than 7 . . . e5, which he tried in the fourth game. S.e3 g6 9 . Ac4 Jtg 7 1 0.0-0 0-0 l l.�e2 4)bd7 12.j'td2 a6 13 . .§ac1 � d S 14 . .§ fd 1 e5 1 5 . 4J b3 e4 1 6 . 4) d 5 4) x d 5 17 . .Q. x d 5 4) f6 1S.Aa5 �e7 19.h3

3 3 . . . 'it>gS 34. Af6 .§ d 1 3 5 .Jtc3 .§ d 6 36.h4 .§ e 6 37.'it>h3 h 6 3 S . g x h 6 A x h 6 3 9 . Ad4 Jl.fS 40.Ac3 Ae7 41 . .§a7 'it>h7 42 . .§aS Af6 43.A xf6 .§ xf6 44.'iflg3 .§c6 45.'it>f4 'it>h6 46.h51 .§c2 47.hxg6 .§ xf2+ 4S.'ifle5 f4 49.exf4 'it> xg6 50 . .§ x a6+ 'it>h5 5 1 .f5 e3 52 . .§a3 .§ x b2 53 . .§ xe3 .§ x b4 54.f6 'it>g6 55.'ifle6 .§a4 56 . .§g3+ 'it>h7 57.f7 .§aS

(H) A necessary precaution. Mieses in­ tended to answer the obvious looking 19. Ek7 with 19.. .'lit'e5 20 . ilxb7 .£lg4 2l. g3 �h5 22. h 4 .llxb7 23 . El.xb7 g5

with the better game. Rubinstein saw the danger, of course. 19 ... 4) xd5 20 . .§ xd5 Ae6 21 . .§dc5 A x b3 2 2 . a x b3 b5 23 . .§c7 �e5 24 . .§ 1c2 �d5 25.b4 .§fdS 26.g4 � d 1 + 27. � x d 1 .§x d 1 + 2S.'iflg2 .§b1?

Up to here Mieses has played excel­ lently. But being short of time he hits upon what appears to be an easy con­ tinuation - attacking the b2-pawn twice. It turns out inferior. 28 . . . h6 is the obvious move. [Authors : After 28 h6 White keeps the advantage with 29. El.b7 E!.b l 30 . E!.cc7 E!.f8 3 1. .ll b 6, fo llowed by 32 . .ll c 5. Also, 29. E!.e7 deserves attention.] .. .

5 S . 'ifle7 .§ a 7 + 5 9 . 'iflf6 60.'it>f5 .§aS 6 1 . .§e3, 1-0

§a6 +

The loss of this game, which lasted a sitting of eight hours, affected the game on the following day and probably also the issue of the match. (25 1 ) Mieses - Rubinstein Frankfurt (9) May 25, 1 909 Scotch [C45] l . e4 e5 2 . 4J f3 4) c6 3 . d4 e x d4 4.4) x d4 Ac5 5.Ae3 Ab6 6.j'tc4 d6 7.4Jc3 4)f6 S.4) xc6 bxc6 9.e51?

A completely forgotten continuation. 2 9 . .§. c S + .§. x c8 30 . .§. x c 8 + AfS 3 1 .Jl.d8 �g7 32.g5! f5 33 . .§.c7+

201

9 . . . A x e3 10.exf6 Ah6 1 1 . �e2 +

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King
(252) Rubinstein - Mieses Frankfurt (I 0) May 26-27, 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D06] 1.d4 d5 2 ..£lf3 c5 3.c4 c x d4 4.cxd5 'lita5+ 5. 'litd2 titxd5 6 . .£'lc3 'lita5 7..£l xd4 g6

8 ... Ad 7 9 .Ag 2 .£'jc6 1 0 . .£'1 x c 6 A xc6 l l.J}. xc6+ bxc6 1 2.0-0 Jtg7 13 ..§d1 titc7 14.'litc2 .£lf6 1 5.Ag5

Maybe 1 5 . .llf4, and if 1 5 . . . e5 1 6 . .llg 5, is worth considering . 1 5 ... .§c8 1 6 . .§ac1 'lite5 17.A xf6 A x f6 1 8.b3 0 - 0 1 9 . .§ d 3 1 'litf5 20..§cd1 Ag7 21.e4 'litc5 22.'litc1 'litb4 23. 'lite3 'lita5 24..§ 1d2 .§cd8 25 . .§ x d8 .§ x d8 26 . .§ x d8+ 'litxd8 27.
8.g31?

After 35 . . . .ll x gl 36.'it>xgl White still stands slightly better and without any risk, an ideal situation considering the score in the match. Now Black is lost.

A forgotten plan, perhaps much better than 8.e3, as was played in the eighth game.

36 ..£'lf3 titf6 37.'litb7 titd6 38.g4 g5 3 9 .'litf7 Ae3 4o.h4 Af4 41.hxg5+, 1-0

In previous games 7 . . e5 or 7 . . 4:)f6 was played. .

.

202

Vilna 1909 The autumn of 1 909 brought together six masters from the Russian empire to the principal Lithuanian city for a triple round robin event. The unusual format of the event, which was to have been an all-Russian championship, is ex­ plained by the absence of invitees Z n o s ko - B o ro v s ky, B e rn ste i n , Gon charov, Alekhine, and Nimzovitch. Rubinstein and Salwe represented Lodz, Dus-Chotimirsky (Moscow), Freiman (St. Petersburg), and Globus and A . R ab i n o v i c h ( Vi l n a ) . D u s ­ Chotimirsky led after the first leg with 4 p o i nt s out of 5 , j u st ahead o f Rubinstein at 3 !h, but the Rubinstein had no trouble catching him as "Dus" stumbled, scoring only 3 !h points in his remaining I 0 games. Ru binstein won 350 rubles for his vic­ tory, with Rabinovich and Freiman splitting 375 for sharing second. The absence of a tournament book for this event is largely responsible for the many missing games of Rubinstein's. We were only able to dig up six of the 1 5 games he played at Vilna. (25 3 ) Dus-Chotimirsky - Rubinstein Vilna (4), September 24, 1 909 Queen's Gambit Accepted [D27] Notes by Alekhine from Shakhmatnoe Obozrenie # 8 8 - 8 9 , 1 909 (AA), and H o ffer, from the A merican Chess Bulletin 1 9 1 0 (H).

( A A ) With l l ..ll x b5+.

the

obvious

threat

10... .£)bd7 1 1 .e4

(AA) There is much to be said against this move. It not only closes an impor ­ tant diagonal to the bishop, but it per ­ mits Black further to occupy the d4 and c4 - squares and to secure the bette r game. White is at trouble to develop his bishop at cl . The move l l . a3 (with the idea of posting the bishop on the al­ h8 diagonal) is useless, in view of the reply l l . . .!:l c8. ll . . e5 .

(H) This advance is forced. White is threatening to dislodge 4Jf6 with e4 - e5 and to clear the diagonal bearing on h7. B lack must, therefore, submit to the lesser evil of allowing White 's 4Jh44Jf5 . 1 2 . .1lg5 h6 13 .1ld2 0-0 •

(H) Deutsche Schachzeitung suggests here 1 3 . . . b4, which seems the better move in the circumstances. 14 . .£) h4

(AA) This move is the consequence of B lack's 1 2th, but the weakness of the move e3-e4 begins to be felt immedi ­ ately. 14 ... .\l.d4 1 5.b4

l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lf3 dxc4 4 . .£lc3 c5 5 . e 3 a6 6 . .1}.xc4 .£) f6 7.0-0 b 5 8 . -'td 3 A b 7 9 . d x c 5 A x e S 10.�e2

(AA) To stop 15 . . . 4Jc5 . 1 5 . . . E!c8 t6 . E! ac l .£) b6 1 7 . .£lf5

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King .£1 c 4 1 8 . A x c4 E{ x c4 1 9 . Et fd l '1Pfc7?

(AA) A mistake that costs the game. With 1 9 . . . �d7! ( a l s o not bad i s 1 9 . . . 1.l.xc3 20.Ehc3 Axe4, i f 20.Axc3 �c7) Black retains his distinct advan ­ tage. IfWhite answers by 20.Ae3, then after 20 . . . .§.fc8, he loses a pawn with ­ out any compensation. Also, 20. �f3 w o u l d be d i s astro u s , i n v i e w o f 2 0 . . . 4Jxe4! . 20 .£ld51 Axd5

with a pawn extra - sufficient to win in an easy ending. If 24.Jlxh6, then Black can, apparently, defend himself satis ­ factorily by 24 . . . �xd5 . 24

g xh6

. ••

( H ) A s Przep i 6rka i n d i c ate s, in Munchener Neuesten Nachrichten, in c a s e o f 24 . . . 'i!i'f8 W h i t e w i n s by 25 . .!'!c6!, after which Black can not cap­ ture the d5-pawn (25 . . . 4Jxd5 26 . .§.d6!, or 25 . . . �xd5 26 . .§.xf6!).

•

(H) 20 . . . 4Jxd5 2 l . exd5 Axd5 would probably have b e e n fo l l ow e d by 22.Jlxh6. 2 1 . e x d 5 E{ x c l 2 2 . E{ x c l '1Pfd7 23. '1Pif3 E{e8

2 5 .'1Pf x f6 '1Pf x d 5 2 6 . A x h 6 e4 27.'1Pfg5+ '1Pfxg5 28.A xg5

(AA) With a passed and extra pawn, the better position, and command of the open file, White wins easily. 28 E{e6 2 9 . f l g7 3 0 . A d 2 g6 3 1.e2 f 5 32.J}.f4 f6 33.g3 Ab2 34.E{c8 Jla3 35.Ad2 Eid6 36.h4 e6 37.h5 d7 . . •

(AA) The last hope. I f38 . .§.f8 ? .§. xd2+ ! . 38.E{a8, 1-0

(254) Rubinstein - Freiman Vilna (7), September 30, 1 909 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D33]

24 . .£l x h6+1

(AA) White rightly plays for simplifi ­ cation, as a result of which he is left

l .d4 d5 2 .£lf3 c5 3.c4 e 6 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . .£l c 3 .£l c 6 6 . g3 c x d4 •

Vilna 19 09 2

I . Rubinstein 2. Freiman 3 . A. Rabinovich 4. Dus-Chotimirsky 5 . Salwe 6. Globus

XXX

l l Y:z

OOY:z XXX OOY:z OY:zY:z I OY:z I Y20 \12 1 0 Y:zOY:z OOY:z 0 0 0

4 3 1 1 \12 O I Y:z I Y:z \12 OY:z l XXX Y2 l l \1200 XXX 0 0 0 \121 0 0 1 0 OOY:z

204

Total 6 5 Y:zO I l l Y:z I OY:z 9 \12 1 Y:z I l l 9 I l l 1 01 Y:zOI II Y:z

7Y:z

XXX

Y:z!Y:z

6

Y:zOY:z

XXX

3

Vilna 1 909 7 . .£J xd4 �b6 8 . .£l xc6 bxc6 9 . .Q.g2 .£lf6 10.0-0 .Q.a6?

F o r the better try 1 0 . . �e7 s e e Rubinstein-Salwe (game #25 8 ) from a later round in this tournament.

29.f!e4 g5 30 . .1le5 E!a1+ 31.
1 1 . �a4 .1lc4 1 2.b3 .Q.b5 13. �f4 .1le7 14 . .1le3 �b7 1 5 . .£J x b5 � x b5 16.�c71 .1la3 17.�e5+
36 . . . .£Je3+1

1 8 . b4 1 � x b4 20.�c3, 1-0

1 9 . f! ab 1

�d6

B lack ' s position is hopeless. White threatens 2 l .§.b3. If 20 . . . a5 2 l .§.fc l ! , etc., o r 20 . . :�e7 2 l .§.b3 �d6 22.�xc6 with a winning position. (255 ) A. Rabinovich - Rubinstein Vilna (8), October 1 , 1 909 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [040]

The Russian magazine Niva from 1 909, claims that Black can win also with 36 . . . §. xe5, and if37.g4+ fxg4 38.hxg4+ �h4 39.§.h7
(256) Rubinstein - Dus-Chotimirsky Vilna (9) 1 909 Queen's Gambit Declined [03 1 ]

1 .d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 c5 3.e3 .£l c6 4.c4 e6 5 . .£J c 3 .£l f6 6 . .Q. d 3 d x c4 7 . .Q. x c4 a6 8.0-0 b5 9 . .Q.d3 cxd4 10.exd4 -'lb7 1 1 . �e2 .1le7 12.f!d1 .£J b4 13 . .1lb1 .£lbd5 14 . .1lg5 E!c8 1 5 . .£J xd5 � xd5 16 . .1ld3 0-0 17.a4 .1lc6 18.axb5 .1lxb5 19 . .£Je5 E!fd8 20 . .Q. x b 5 � x b5 2 1 . � x b5 a x b5 2 2 . E! a 7 A c 5 2 3 . f! b7 Jl x d4 24 . .£Jc6 E!xc6 25.E! xd4 E!a8 26.g3 .£J d 5! 27 . E! x b5 h6 28. Af4 E!c2 205

1 .d4 d 5 2 . .£lf3 e6 3.c4 c6 4.e3 .£ld7 5 . .£J c 3 .Q.d6 6.e4 d x e4 7 . .£J x e4 .Q.c7 8 . -'l d 3 h6 9 . 0 - 0 .£l gf6 10.�e2 .£l xe4 1 1 . � x e4 c5 1 2 . .1le3 .£!f6 13.�h4 cxd4 14 . .1l x d4 .Q.d7 1 5 . E! a d 1 �e7 1 6 . Ae 5 .Q.c6 1 7 . .Q.e4 .£J x e4 1 8. � x e7+
Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 27.Etd6 4)f7 28.Etd2 Ac6 29.Etfd1 Etd8 30.4)g3 Et xd2 31.Et xd2 4)d8 32.4)f5 C3;f7 33.4)e71 C3;e8 34.4)c8 C3;f7 35. 4) x a7 C3;g6 36. C3;f2 Ete8 37.Ac5 e4 38 . .1}.b6 4) f7 39.4) xc6 b x c6 40.a4 4) e 5 4 1 . f x e4 C3; h 5 42.a5 4)g4+ 43.C3lg3 f 5 44.ex f5, 1-0

10 . . ...1la6 instead of 10 . . . .ile7), is the following encounter.

(258) Rubinstein - Sa/we Vilna, October 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D33] 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e 6 3.4)c3 c5 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . 4) f3 4) c 6 6 .g3 c x d4 7.4) xd4 �b6 8.4) xc6 bxc6 9.Ag2 4)f6 10.0-0 Ae7

(257) Freiman - Rubinstein Vilna ( 1 2), October 7, 1 909 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D40]

This line does not enjoy a great reputa­ tion for Black, but the text is a big step up fro m 1 0 . . . .il a 6 , as p l ayed i n Rubinstein-Freiman i n round 7 at Vilna.

Notes by Maliutin from Rech, October 25, 1 909. 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 c5 4.e3 4)f6 5.4)f3 4)c6 6.a3 a6 7.dxc5 A xc5 8.b4 Ad6 9 . c x d 5 e x d 5 10.Ab2 0-0 l l .Ae2 4)e5 12.0-0

Why not 1 2.
Possible is 1 9 .
l l .e4

Rubinstein preferred l l .
1 9 . . . 4) e4 2 0 . 4) x e 6 A x h2+ 2 l . C3; x h 2 �h4+ 22.C3;g1 � x f2+, Draw

The following game fragment comes from the Russian edition of the tourna­ ment book, which, unlike the English version, offers coverage of the second section of the event, won by Alekhine. There, on p. 270, hidden between the notes to the game Rotl e w i ­ Daniuszewski (where B lack played

G l i goric in Informant 3 15 5 3 , gives 12 . . .
Here Gligoric-Keres , Moscow 1 967, went 1 7 . .§cl (Gligo gives 1 7. l2.bl! as

206

Vilna 1 909 better - while the Russian tournament book on this event gives 1 7 . �f3 ! ) 1 7 . . . E! b8 18.�d4 �b2 1 9.�xa7 �e6 20.E! xc6 E! a8 2 1 .�c5 E! xa2 2 2 .�d5 .ll x d 5 2 3 . � x d 5 E! a l 2 4 . �f3 g7 25 .E! xal �xal + 26.'it'g2 �d4 27.E!a6 E! e8, Draw. 17 ... Ae6 18.A xc6 �a6 19.§acl?

Why not 1 9 . .§.fdl , breaking the pin? 19 ... Etac8 20.a4??

Akiva must have been in a daze, as 20 . .§. fdl avoids the loss of the exchange (20 . . . �c4 2 l .M3). While it is true that after 20.E!fdl the pin is annoying, th .ere seems to be no way for B lack to ex­ ploit it, and White should not have any problems. 20 ... Ac4 ... 0-1

An exchange up, Black won easily. Sometime in the fall of 1 909 Rubinstein moved from Lodz to Warsaw. About

this time Rotlewi also left Lodz, and the absence of the two masters defi­ nitely had a major effect on the club. We are not sure exactly why Rubinstein moved, but feel it may have had some­ thing to do with the transfer of Colonel Manakin from Lodz to another district. The colonel, who was the first presi­ dent of the club, appears to have been a maj or driving force of the club. His i n v o lvement with Lodz chess ex­ tended all the way into the 1 93 0 's, by which time he had reached the rank of general . Another mystery is what happened to pl ans for a Rubinstein-Capablanca match. The American Chess Bulletin of 1 909 (p. 225) states: "Inasmuch as the Bulletin is in possession of a cablegram signed by A. Rubinstein and reading, ' Komme; wunsche Bedingungen, ' it is fairly safe to announce with a certain degree of positiveness that the great Ru s s i an c h e s s master w i l l favor America with a visit, presumably this fall or early winter. Translated, this message means, 'Am coming; desire

Rubinstein's round by round results at Vilna, 19 09 :

I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15

Salwe-AR Freiman-AR AR-Rabinovich Dus-Chotimirsky-AR AR-Globus AR-Salwe AR-Freiman Rabinovich-AR AR-Dus-Chotimirsky Globus-AR Sal we-AK Freiman-AR AR-Rabinovich Dus-Chotimirsky-AR AR-Giobus

207

Draw 0- 1 1 -0 1 -0 1 -0 0- 1 1 -0 0- 1 1 -0 0- 1 0- 1 Draw Draw Draw Draw

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King conditions. ' These were forwarded to the champion promptly and in due course, no doubt, we will be enabled to announce the actual date of his de­ parture upon his first j ourney to the New World. "In the course of cor respondence be­ tween the Bulletin and Mr. Rubinstein, last sp ring , the latter declared his will­ ingness to engage in a set match with Jose R. Capablanca and we expect that this will be the event of the season of 1 909- 1 0 on this side of the ocean." The match unfortunately never took place. Another mysterious match that also was never played was that between Rub i n st e i n and R o t l e w i . R u s s i an sourc e s, since Grekov in the thi rties , have reported a match between these

208

two with no venue given but the year always listed as 1 909. The score was always reported as + 8 , - 5 , = 3 for Rubinstein. We are in full agreement w i th R u s s i an c h e s s maven Jack O 'Keefe of Ann Arbor, Michigan. He points out that no journals of the time reported on a match where Rubinstein is alleged to have lost five games. It seems hard to believe that Akiva could have lost five games and that the chess world would not have taken notice. Fi­ nally, and most telling, he points to the match between Rotlewi and Sa/we, which was played in Lodz in 1 909 and which ended +8,-5 ,=3 for the latter. Substitute Salwe for Rubinstein and every thing fits, which leads us to be­ lieve that the names were accidentally transposed by Grekov or some other historian .

Warsaw 1909 A handicap tournament, played at the very modem rate of 40 moves in two hours and further 20 moves an hour, was held in Warsaw from November 1 9 to the beginning of December. Players were divided into three groups.

onship of Buffalo in 1 894. Returning home at the end of the century he won the Warsaw City Championship in 1 900 ahead of Flamberg. He was third in the 1 9 1 0 Warsaw City Championship be­ hind Rotlewi and Rubinstein.

F i rs t c l as s : Rub i n s t e i n , Rot l e w i , Lang1eben; Second class : Gonsovsky, To m , D o b ronrav o v ; T h i rd c l ass : Knapeis, Stavsky, Shenvid, Shipovsky.

(259) Lang/eben - Rubinstein Warsaw 1 909 G iJ.Ioco Piano [C50] 1 .e4 e5 2 . .£lf3 .£lc6 3 . .£l c3 .£lf6 4 . Ac4 .ll c 5 5 . d 3 d6 6 . h 3 Ae6 7 . A b 3 'ltle7 s . Ag 5 h6 9 . A x f6 'ltJxf6 10. 'ltle2 0-0-0 1 1 . .£l a4 'ltlg6 1 2 . .£j x c5 d x c 5 1 3 . A xe6+ 'ltJ x e6 1 4 . c 3 ? E!, d 6 1 5 . 0 - 0 E!. hd 8 1 6 . E!, fd 1 'ltl d 7 1 7 . .£J h4 g 6 1 8 .'1tle3 E!. x d 3 1 9 . E!. x d 3 'ltJ x d 3 2 0 .'1tlx h6 'ltl x e4 2 1 . .£l f3 'ltle2 2 2 . b 3 e4 2 3 . .£l h 4 b 6 2 4 .'1tlf4 E!. d 7 2 5 .g4 .£j d8 26 . .£J g 2 .£j e 6 2 7 . 'ltlh 6 E!. d 3 2 8 . E!, f l 'lt1f3 2 9 . 'ltlh8 +
The handicaps offered were : First class gives to second class two moves, to third class pawn and move. Second class gives to third class two moves. Rotlewi withdrew after losing against Knapeis and Gonsovsky. Since the following game was between two players from the first class, no han­ dicap was given. Salomon Langleben ( 1 862- 1 939) had an interesting career. Born in Warsaw, he lived in the United States for awhile, winning the champi-

Warsaw 1 9 09

2 I . Rubinstein

3

4

Yz

X

5

6

7

8

9 Total

I

7'h.

Yz

5'/z

7

2. Langleben

0

X

3. Gonsovsky

'h.

0

X

'h.

4. Dobronravov

0

0

'h.

X

5. Tom

0

0

'h.

0

X

0

6. Stavsky

0

0

0

I

I

X

0

I

X

0

7.

Shenvid

0

0

0

0

0

8.

Knapeis

0

0

0

'h.

0

9. Shqlovsky

0

0

0

0

0

0

4

'h.

3'h. 3

0 'h.

2'h.

0

X

'h.

2

Yz

Yz

X

1910 In December-January of 1 9 0 9 - 1 0 , during his visit to Moscow, Rubinstein played Alekhine one on one. Ten years the Polish master 's junior, Alekhine was no match for his older rival at this j uncture in their careers. Speculation about a second game played between these players in January of 1 9 1 0 has circulated for a long time, but exten­ sive research has yielded no confirma­ tion. (See the chapter on Rubinstein's exhibitions for more material on his visit to Moscow.)

4.Axc6 dxc6 5.d3 f6 6.Ae3 Ag4 7 . � bd 2 c5 8 . � c4 Ad6 9 . �d 2 �e7 10.�c3 �c6 1 1 . � xd6+ cxd6 1 2 . � d 2 Ae6 1 3 .f4 0-0 1 4 . � f3 �d4 1 5.�d2 d51

(R) B lack has the advantage . If now 1 6.fxe5 dxe4 1 7 . dxe4 fxeS 18 . .£lxe5 �h4+ and Black has a winning position. 16.c3 � xf3+ 17.gxf3 c41 18.f5

Notes by Alekhine (AA) and Reinfeld (R) from 100 Instructive Games of A lekhine.

(AA) If 1 8 . d4 d x e 4 1 9 . fx e 4 e x f4 20.Axf4 �e8! 2 1 .Ad6? AdS! 22 .Axf8 �xe4+ 2 3 . �f2 �f3+ or 2 3 . . . �g2+ forcing mate. (R) This variation can be greatly im­ proved for White by playing 2 1 .0-0-0 ! . Hence B lack's best reply to 18.d4 was probably 18 . . . b5, intending a general queenside advance.

l .e4 e5 2 . � {3 � c 6 3 . A b 5 a6

18 . . . Af7 1 9 . §g l
(260) Alekhine - Rubinstein Moscow, January 2, 1 9 1 0 Ruy Lopez Exchange [C68]

Warsaw 19 10

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1 . F Iamberg

X

2. Rubinstein

0

X

3 . Langleben

0

0

4. Einbikl

I

\t2

0

X

y2 \t2 \t2 \t2

5. Kleczynski

0

0

0

Y2

X

9

Total

0

0

9

\t2 X

I

8\t2

0

7 6 Y2

\t2

6. Shuld

0

0

0

Y2

0

X

7. Gonsovski

0

0

0

\t2 \t2

0

X

8. Kerer

0

0

0

\t2

0

0

0

X

0

5

\t2

5 \t2

4\t2 3\t2

9. Dobronravov

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

X

I O. Rosenman

0

0

0

0

I

\t2

0

0

0

X

I I . Masonbaum

0

0

0

0

0

0

\t2

0

0

0

3 2 Y2 X

\t2

* Source : J. Gaige, who credits Daniel J. Greenway. ** Note: Some of the Polish amateurs here are sometimes s pelled differently; e.g., Ejnbild, Schulz, Gonsowskij, Dobronpawow, Mahonbaum.

1910

dxe41 2 1.fxe4 A xc4 22.�g2 §f7 23.§dl �c7 24. �c2 §d8!

(AA) Avoiding the trap 24 . . . ..ll x a2? 2 5 . b3 �a5 26. El a l Axb3 2 7 . �xb3 �xal + 28.'it>f2 and White wins. 2 5 . 'it' f 2 § fd7 2 6 . �a4 27.�b4 b5 28.§g4

Ad3

consequence were held in Western Europe , so Akiva was limited to play­ ing in his new home of Warsaw. The first of the events he participated in was the War saw Ci ty Championship, held February 3-21. Organized by the local chess a s s o c i at i o n , the Warszawskie Towarzystwo Zwolen­ nikow Gry Szachowej WTZGSz for short - on the occasion of its 1 Oth an­ niversary , the event produced a major surprise , as Rubinstein failed to cap­ ture the first prize. The un known Pol­ ish player Lucian Einbild played a ma­ j or role as he took 1 Yz points from the two leaders. -

28 . . . .1l,e21

(R) Forcing a decisive penetration into White's position. 2 9 . § x d7 � x d7 3 0 . §g l Jl h 5 3 1 .§el �d3 32.�e7 h 6 33.'it'gl 'it'h7 34.Af2

(AA) Thi s loses quickly. B etter i s 34.�c7. (R) A l ek h i n e ' s recommen dation 34 . �c7 loses in this way : 34 ... Af3 35 . ..1lf2 (so as to answer 3 5 . . . ..1lxe4? with 36.El xe4) 35 . . . �d2! 36.Ele3 Eld3! 37.�c5 �cl + 38. El e l �g5+ 39.Ag3 h5 and wins. 34 . . . �h31 3 5 .Ad4 Af3 36.'it'f2 �g 2 + 3 7 . 'it' e 3 A x e4 3 8 . § e 2 exd4+ 39.cxd4 �f3+, 0-1 191 0 was a quiet year for Rubinstein and the chess world. Few events of any

21 1

The name Kleczynski is a famous one in Polish chess. Jan (1837-1895) was the father of Jan Kleczynski Jr. (18751939). There is also Jozef Kleczynski ( 1841-1900), who was the brother of Jan Kleczynski Sr. He was a university professo r specializing in economics and statistics. It's not clear whether he played chess. (26 1 ) Flamberg - Rubinstein Warsaw 1910 King's Gambit [C30] Notes by Hoffer from the American Chess Bulletin 1910 (H) , Deutsches Wochenschach 1910 (W) , and Authors (A). l.e4 e5 2.f4 .Q.c5 3 . .£lf3 d6 4.c3 f5 5.fxe5 dxe5 6.exf5 A x f5

(W) Probably 6 . . . 4Jc6 deserves at­ tention. 7.d4 exd4 8.cxd4 Ab4+?1 (A)ECO shows 8 . . ..1lb6!? as worthy of .

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King consideration, giving credit to Keres. Glazkov and Estrin (Korolevsky Gam­ bit 1 9 8 8 ) point out that the move 8 . . . .ll b 6! was actually recommended by Tarrasch, who felt it gave B lack the better game.

safe quarters, and he may proceed with the attack unhindered. 25 ... .£j b6

(A) Deutsches Wochenschach gives instead 25 . . . 4Jf6, which after 26.'ii¥g6 El xe l 27.El xel 4Jd5 leads to the same position as in the actual game. We fol­ low the text given by Shakhmatnoe Obozrenie and all other sources.

9 . .£lc3!?

(A) Recent theory deals only with the clearly weaker 9 . .1ld2 .

2 6 . �g6 ! §. x e 1 2 7 . §. x e 1 .£l d 5 2 8 . §.e8! � c 6 2 9 . �f 5 + �d7 30. §. x d8 +
9 ... �e7+ 10 . .11,e 2

(W) The typical idea in similar varia­ tions is 10.'it'f2 (threatening .llb 5+ and El e l ), but here it does not work because of 1 0 . . . .ilxc3! l l .bxc3 4Jf6 1 2 . .1lb5+ c6 1 3 . Ei e l 4Je4+ and Black wins.

(262) Rubinstein - Lang/eben Warsaw 1 9 1 0 Queen's Gambit Declined [D5 5]

10 ... .£Jc6 1 1 .0-0

(W) White has an excellent position.

1 .d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 .£lf6 3.c4 e6 4 . .1lg5 Ae7 5 . .£lc3 0-0 6.e3 b6 7.c xd5 e x d5 8 . .1ld3 .£l bd7 9.�c2 Ab7 10.0-0-0 c5 1 1 .h4 cxd4 12 . .£j xd4 §.c8

11 . . . 0-o-o 1 2 . 'it1h1 .£lf6 13.Ab5 .£j b8

(H) Complications could be courted with 13 . . . .1ld7, but it is difficult to dis­ entangle all the contingencies.

25.'it1h2!

Alekhine-Yates, Hamburg 1 9 1 0, saw 1 2 . . . El e8 1 3.'it'bl a6 1 4 . g4 b5 1 5 . .ll xf6 4Jxf6 1 6.g5, with a big advantage for White. In his notes to that game in My Best Gam es of Chess 1908-1923, A l ek h i n e m e n t i o n s that 1 2 . . . 4::\ e S 1 3 . .1l x f6 4J x d 3 + 1 4 . 'ii¥ x d 3 .ll x f6 1 5 .'it'bl - intending §. c l , g3, and Elhdl - also favors White . It seems fairly likely that Alekhine was familiar with the present game and Rubinstein's ear­ l i er e fforts versus Te i c hmann at Carlsbad 1 907 (game # 1 34) and Vienna 1 908 (game # 178).

(H) A very good move. The king is in

1 3 .'it1b 1 a6 1 4 .g4 b 5 1 5 . A x f6

1 4 . Af4 a6 1 5 . A d 3 .1l x d3 1 6 . � x d3 A x c3 1 7 . b x c3 �e4 18. �d2 .£j c6 1 9 . §. a e 1 � d 5 20 . .£le5 §.he8 2 1 . �c2 h6 22.h3 .£!d7 23 . .£l xc6! � x c6 24 ..1lg3 �c4

( A ) A c c o r d i n g to Shakh matnoe Obozrenie, this is perhaps the losing move as it allows White 's decisive pen­ etration by 26.'ii¥g6.

212

1 91 0 � xf6 16.g5 �d7 17.jtx h7+ �h8 1 8 . Af5 b4 1 9 . �e 2 g 6 2 0 . � a4 Ac6 21.� xc6 § xc6 22.Ac2 �g7 2 3 . h 5 � e 5 24.f4 � c4 2 5 . �d3 §h8 26. �d4+ f6 27.h x g6 §e6 28. § x h8 �xh8 29.f5, 1-0

[Schachmatnoe Obozrene, March 1 9 1 0] Match Rubinstein-Flamberg

Details are sketchy, but we would guess that interest in this match, which was held May 22-26 (some give the date as May 1 7-26, or May 20-26), developed from Flamberg 's victory in the War­ saw championship held a few months earlier. Quite possibly, as defending Warsaw champion , Rubinstein had the right to play a match with the new champion. We do know for certain that the conditions were that the victor was the first to win four games. Alexander Flamberg ( 1 880- 1 926) is not well known today, but he was one of the strongest Polish players ofhis time, eclipsed only by Rubinstein, Janowsky, and Sal we, of those who came up be­ fore the First World War. Born in War­ saw, Flamberg moved to England as a youngster. There he learned the game and was taught its fine points by the redoubtable Richard Teichmann. When he returned to Warsaw at the tum of the century he was immediately con­ sidered one of its best players, a status he confirmed by winning the city cham­ pionships in 1 90 I and 1 902. Later high­ lights included winning a match against Bogolyubov (+4 , -0 , =1 ) in 1 9 1 0 and finishing third behind Alekhine and Nimzovitch at St. Petersburg 1 9 1 4. The latter was a qualification event for the great St. Petersburg tournament of that 213

year (won by Lasker); Flamberg missed his chance to play by only half a point. In 1 9 1 4 , he p l ayed in Mannhe i m , Germany, and when war commenced he was interned along with other Rus­ sian players. He played in five tourna­ ments arranged by the internees, and in one of them, a double-round event at Baden-Baden in 1 9 1 4, he won first prize ahead o f B o g o lyubov, I . L . Rabinovich, and Romanowsky. Around 1 9 1 6 Flamberg was allowed to return to Warsaw and promptly played in its 1 9 1 6 event. He also played in Warsaw 1 9 1 7 and 1 9 1 9, and was ac­ tive in domestic tournaments right up until the end of his life . He died on January 24, 1 926, in Warsaw. (263 ) Flamberg - Rubinstein Warsaw (2) May 23, 1 9 1 0 Vienna [C29] l .e4 e5 2.�c3 �f6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 � x e4 5 . � {3 ? 1 f 5 6 . d 3 � x c3 7.bxc3 d4 8.�f4

A move omitted in ECO, perhaps bet­ ter than 8..ild2 or 8.�g3 . 8 ... c5 9.Ad2?1

Deserving of attention is 9 . .llb 2, and if 9 . 4Jc6 then 1 0 .4Jf3 �a5 l l .�d2 . .

.

9 ... �c6 10.�f3 Ae7 ll .Ae2 0-0 1 2.h4 �c7 13.cxd4 cxd4 14.c3?

White should castle first. 14 ... dxc3 15.�c4+ �h8 t6.A xc3 b51 17. � xb5 §b8 1 8 .�c4 �b6 19.d4 �b41 20.Axb4

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King It's impossible to castle now because of 20 . . . �a6.

14.'ltxd4 a6 15.E!acl E!e8 16.Ab3 e5 1 7 . 'ltd6! e4 1 8 . 'lt x e 7 E! x e7 19.�g5 h6

20 ... A x b4+ 2Vit'fl Ab7 22.�g5

I f 2 2 . E!. b l (Maliutin).

�e4

23 .Ad3

22 . . . E! bc81 2 3 . � f7 + 24.'�xf7 'ltxd4 25.'lt x b7

.§. fc8

2 0 . � x f7 1 E! x f7 2 1 . E! c7 b5 2 2 . E! 1 x d7 A x d7 2 3 . E! xd7 E! af8 2 4 . f4 g 5 2 5 .g4 �g7 2 6 . E! x f7 + E! x f7 27 . A x f7 � x f7 2 8 . f 5 b 4 29.�f2 a5 30.�e2 h 5 3 1 .g x h5, 1-0 [Rech, July 1 8, 1 9 1 0]

E! x f7

Also losing is 25 . .§. d l �f4+, etc. Warsaw 1910 (WTZGSz)

25 ... 'ltxa1+ 26.�f2 'ltd4+ 27.�g3 'lt x e 5 + 2 8 . � h 3 E! c 3 + 2 9 . Af3 j},d6, 0-1 [Rech, July 1 8, 1 9 1 0]

One of the most obscure tournaments Rubinstein ever played in. A total of 1 6 players participated, 1 3 from Warsaw (including Rubinstein, who had moved there about a year before) and three guests - Rotlewi and Salwe from Lodz, and Efim Bogolyubov from Kiev.

(264) Rubinstein - Flamberg Warsaw (3) May 24, 1 9 1 0 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D55] 1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 �f6 3.c4 e6 4.�c3 j},e7 5.Ag5 0-0 6.e3 � e4 7.Axe7 'lt x e7 8 . 'ltc2 � x c 3 9 . 'lt x c 3 c6 1 0 . Ae 2 �d7 1 1 . 0 - 0 d x c4 1 2 . j}, x c4 c 5 1 3 . E! f d 1 c x d4 ?

Rubinstein lost against Hartmani s , drew against Flamberg and won all his other games. Rotlewi declined the play­ off for first place and gave it to Akiva.

Rubinstein-Flamberg Warsaw, May 22-26, 19 10

I . Rubinstein 2. Flamberg

I I

2

0

0

3

I

214

0

4 Y, Y,

5

I

Total 4 Y,

0

Yz

1910

The following game was previously thought to be from the match with Flamberg, but new information pro­ v i ded by Ricardo Alvarez C e l a of Madrid shows that it was played dur­ ing the Warsaw tournament.

2 l . A x d6 c x d6 2 2 . � f4 § h 6 2 3 . � e6 A x e6 2 4 . § x e 6 d 5 2 5 . § d e l § e 8 2 6 . § x e8 � x eS 2 7 . � x d 5 � x f3 2 8 .g x f3 � d 6 2 9 . � f4 § h 4 3 0 . § e 6 § x f4 3l.§ xd6 § xf3 32.Cif}g2, Draw [Tygodnik Illustrowany 1910, week 46] While nothing in Rubinstein 's career comes close to his missed opportuni­ ties to play world championship bouts with Lasker and Capablanca, it was certainly the royal game's loss never to have seen Akiva face the formidable Ossip Bernstein (historical Elo 2590) in a match.

(265) Flamberg - Rubinstein Warsaw (4) October 28, 1910 Ruy Lopez [C84] l . e4 e 5 2 . � f3 � c 6 3 . .Q.b5 a6 4.Aa4 �f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6.d4 exd4 7.e5 � e4 8.� x d4 � c 5 9 . A xc6 d x c6 1 0 . � c3 0 - 0 ll . .Q.e3 f6 1 2.exf6 § x f6 13.�h5 §g6 14.h3 � d7 15.§adl � f6 t6.�f3 Ad6 1 7 . § fe l �f8 1 8 . Cif}h l Ad7 19 . .Q.f4 � g4 2 0 . � de 2 � f6

Born in 1 882, like Rubinstein and the great Czech master Oldrich Duras, B ernste i n ' s early career paral leled

Warsaw 1910 October 17 November 5 -

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6 Total

1. Rotlewi

X

0

Yz

1

I

I

I

I

I

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

13\12

2. Rubinstein

1

X

Yz

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

13\12

3. Flamberg

Yz Yz

X

1

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

13

4. Bogoljubow

0

0

0

X

1

1

1

1

I

I

1

1

1

1

I

1

12

5. Salwe

0

0

1

0

X

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

11

6. Langleben

0

0

0

0

1

X

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

10

7. Hartmanis

0

1

0

0

0

1

X

1

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

9

1

8. Dobronranov 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

X

1 Yz

1

1

1

1

1

7\12

9. Smolenski

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

X

1 Y2 Y2

1

1

1

1

7

1 0. Faingritz

0

0

0

0

0

0

1 Yz

0

X

1 Yz

0

1

1

1

6

Yz

0

X

1

1

Yz

1

1

5

0

1

1

3

11.Knapeis

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

12.Konopliev

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 Y2 Yz

0

X

0

13.Lasowski

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

X

0

0 Yz

2Y2

14.Tom

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 Yz

1

1

X

0

0

2Y2

15.Chetirsky

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

X

Yz

2Y2

16.Chemiaovsky 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Yz

1 Yz

X

2

Source: Wladyslaw Povarov 215

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King Akiva's. Kiev I 903 was their first big event, w i th B e rnste i n second and Rubinstein fifth. They shared the first prize at Ostende I 907, and Ossip was second to Akiva at Viina I 9 I 2. Had they met in December I 9 I 0, as Casopis Ceskoslovenskych Sachistu I9 I 0 (p. 1 84) reported that they would, it would have been a tough fight. Ne­ gotiations must have been fairly well along before the match was aborted, as the Czech magazine offers plenty of details. The contest was to have

216

started on December 1 5 in Petrograd, was to go I 6 games, and was to offer a prize fund of I 600 rubles I 000 to the winner. In I 909, I 000 rubles were worth a bit more than $5 00 , so the purse was quite large. -

The only other mention we could find ofthe match, in the December 25, I 9 I 0, issue of Deutsches Wochenschach (p. 4 6 3 ), states that the start of the Bemstein-Rubinstein match had been p o stponed agai n . Yet another Rubinstein match that never was.

San Sebastian 1911 The big story of San Sebastian 1 9 1 1 was the European debut ofCapab1anca, who was a most successful debutant. Rubinstein defeated Capa in their indi­ vidual game but a last round draw in a winning position against Spielmann cost him a share of first. (266) Rubinstein - Teichmann San Sebastian ( 1 ) 1 91 1 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D34] 25.!!xcS !!xeS!

l .d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 c5 3.c4 e6 4 . .£lc3 .£jc6 5.cxd5 exd5 6.g3 .Q.e6 7.Ag2 .£l f6 S . 0 - 0 Ae7 9 . d x c 5 A x c 5 10.a3 0-0 ll .b4 .Q.e7 1 2 . .Q.b2 lacS 13 . .£l d4 .£j xd4 14.� x d4 a5 15.b5 �d7 16.!!fdl !!fdS 17.!!acl �eS 1S.e3 Ac5 19. �a4 �e7 20 . .£je2 h6 21 . .£j f4 b6 2 2 . j}, x f6?1 � x f6 23.Axd5 .Q.g41 24.!!d2 .Q. x e3

N o t 2 5 . . . A x d 2 ? 2 6 . § x d8+ � x d8 27.�d4! and White wins a piece. 26.fxe3 !!cl + 27.cif}f2 g5 2S.�d4 � x d4 29.exd4 gxf4 30.Ac6 cif}fS 3l.gxf4 cifte7 32.E!d3 cif}d6 33.ciftg3 .Q. f 5 34.!!e3 El d l 3 5 . d 5 !!d3 3 6 . !! x d 3 A x d3 3 7 . cif}g4 cift c 5

San Sebastian 1 9 11 February 19 - March 1 7

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2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

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2

3

4

5

Total

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0

y,

y,

I

y,

y,

I

I

y,

1

y,

1

y,

I

9Y,

2. Rubinstein

I

X

y,

y,

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y,

y,

y,

y,

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y,

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9

y,

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y,

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y,

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1

9

I

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1

8 Y,

y,

y,

y,

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7 Y,

1 . Capablanca 3 . VIdmar

y,

y,

X

0

y,

4. Marshall

y,

y,

I

X

y, y,

y,

y,

y,

I

5 . N imzovitch

0

y,

y,

y,

X

y,

0

y,

1

I

6. Schlechter

y,

y,

y,

y,

y,

X

y,

0

y, y,

I

y,

y,

I

y,

7 Y,

7. Tarrasch

y,

y, y,

y,

1

y,

X

1

y,

0

y,

y,

I

0

y,

7Y,

8. Bernstein

0

y,

0

y, y,

1

0

X

1

I

y,

I

0

I

0

7

9. Spiehnann

0

y,

y,

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0

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0

X

y,

y,

I

y,

1

1

7

I 0. Teichmann

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y,

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0

0

y,

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0

y,

X

0

y,

y,

I

I

6Y,

X

0

I

I

I

6

I

X

y,

y,

0

6

l l . Janowsky

0

0

0

0

y,

0

y,

y,

y,

I

1 2. Mar6czy

y,

y,

y,

y,

y, y,

y,

0

0

y,

1 3 . Burn

0

y,

0

y,

y, y,

0

1

y,

y,

0

y,

X

0

y,

5

14.Duras

y,

0

0

I

y,

0

I

0

0

0

0

y,

I

X

y,

5

15. Leonhardt

0

0

0

0

0

y,

y,

I

0

0

0

I

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X

4

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 38 . d 6 � x d6 3 9 . � h 5 �e7 40. � x h6 �f6 4 1 . -'ld7 �e7 42.Ac6 �f6 43.h4 Af5 44.-'tes Ad3 45.Ac6 Af5 46.Aes Ad3 47.Ad7 �e7 48.,il.g4 �f8 49.-'ld7 �e7 5 0 . ,il.c6 �f6 5 1 . h 5 -'l e 2 52.-'ld7 Adl, Draw

2 2 . J}. d 2 '*a6 2 3 . -'lc 3 24.�a2 �a6 25.�d3 c5

'*b6

(T) Trying to free his game. Otherwise he is threatened with the continuation: 26.c5 Y'tfc7 27.4Je5 l"! e7 28.�f4! and B lack's game remains terribly tangled. 26.a5 '*c7 2 7 . d x c 5 � x c5 28.� xc5 .§ xdl 2 9 . .§ x d l .§ xdl

(267) Vidmar - Rubinstein San Sebastian (2) 1 9 1 1 Queen 's Pawn [D04] l.d4 d5 2.�f3 c5 3.e3 �f6 4.-'ld3 �c6 5.0-0 .Q.g4 6.c3 e6 7 .� bd2 J}.d6 8. '*a4 0 - 0 9 . .§ e l '*c7 1 0 . d x c 5 J}. x c 5 l l . e 4 ? 1 J}. x f3 12.� xf3 dxe4

(M) After 29 . . . Y'tfxc5 Black is also in trouble. 30. � x e61

(T) This pretty interlude wins an im­ portant pawn.

According to Mieses, 1 2 . . . 4Jg4!? offers winning chances. 1 3 . J}. x e4 � x e4 1 4 . '* x e4 � e7 15.Jlg5 �g6 16 . .§adl h6 17.-'le3 A x e3 1 8 . .§ x e 3 .§ fd8 1 9 . .§ ed 3 � f4 20 . .§ x d8+ .§ x d8 2 1 . .§ x d8+ '*xd8 22.h3, Draw

(268) Rubinstein - Bernstein San Sebastian (3) 1 9 1 1 Center Counter [BO I ] Notes by Tartakover (T) and Mieses (M). l.e4 d5 2.exd5 '*xd5 3.�c3 '*a5 4.d4 �f6 5.�f3 Ag4 6.h3 ,il.xf3 7.'*xf3 c6 8.J}.d2 �bd7 9.0-0-0 e6 10.J}.c4 '*c7 ll . .§hel 0-0-0 1 2.-'lb3 h6?!

30 ... f x e6 3 1 . '* x d l � e4 32. ,il.b4 � c 5 3 3- '* h 5 b6 34. -'l d l '*e7 3 5 . Af3 J}.d6 3 6 . a x b6 a x b6 37.'*g6 .Q.e5 38.-'la3 Af6 39.b4 '*d7

(M) The last attempt, which miracu­ lously succeeds. Relatively better was 39 . . . 4Ja4. (T) In the knowledge that after 39 . . . 4Ja4 40.�b3 Y'tfd7 4 l .Y'tfe4, things would go from bad to worse, Black embarks upon a desperate enterprise - and saves the situation. 40.bxc5 '*d2+

(M) Better was 12 . . . �e7, followed by . . . 4Jb6 and . . . l"!d7 . 13.�bl � b6 14.�e2 .Q.e7 15.c4 .§d7 1 6 . a 4 � a8 1 7 . Af4 J}.d6 1 8 . -'le 3 '* a 5 1 9 . .§cl J}.b8 20 . .§edl �c7 2 1 . � f4 .§ hd8

218

San Sebastian 1 9 1 1 4Vif}b3?

(M) With the idea of . . . cS. Stronger is the i m m e d i ate 2 4 . . . E! fS and after 2S.4:lcS §. xeS 26.4:lxe6+ E! xe6 27.E! xf3, B lack should win this rook endgame with his extra pawn.

(M), (T) Unfortunate timidity. There was a win after 4 l .'i!tbl �e l + 42 .�c2 �c3+ 4 3 . �d l and now 43 . . . � x a 3 44.�e8+ �c7 4S.�c6+ 'i!td8 46.�d6+ �c8 47.�b7+! �xb7 48.c6+ winning B lack's queen, or 43 . . . �b3+ 44.'i!tel �c3+ 4 S . �fl �xc4+ 4 6 . �g l , and White wins without difficulty.

25.b4 E!f5 26.4:\d6 E!ff8 27 . .£\e4 \tlb5 28 . .£\c5 .£\ xe5 29. E! x f8 E! xf8 30 . .£\ x e 6 E! f 2 3 1 . E! x d4 E! x a 2 3 2 . .£\ c7 +
41 ... �c3+, Draw

(T) B lack draws by perpetual check. Namely: 42.�a4! (not 42.�a2? �xc4+ 4 3 . �b l �b3+ 4 4 . �c l �gS+ and B l ack w i n s ) 4 2 . . . �aS+! (not 42 ... �xc4+ 43.�b4 bS+ 44.�aS �d8+ 4S .'i!ta6 and White wins, because if 4 S . . .'�a 2 + 4 6 . � x b S , or 4S . . . � x b4 46.�xe6+ 'i!tb8 47.�d6+ �c7 48.�f8+ followed by mate) 43. �b3 �c3+, etc. (269) Marshall - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 4) 1 9 1 1 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [032] Notes by Mieses (M), Kopaev (Ko) and Karpov. l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4:\c3 c5 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . .£\{3 .£\c6 6 . Ag 5 Ae7 7.A xe7 .£\gxe7 8.e3 cxd4 9.4:\ xd4 Ae6 10 . .£\ xe6 fxe6 l l . �g4 .£\f5 12.e4 d4 13.0-0-0 �h4 14.� xh4 .£\ xh4 15 . .£\b5 0-0-0 16.e5 E!hf8 t7.4:\d6+ \tlb8 t8.f4 g5 t 9.Ab5 gxf4 20.g3 .£1f3

(M) Stronger is 20 . . . 4:JfS ; e.g., 2 1 .4:lxfS l':!xfS 22 .�xc6 bxc6 23 .gxf4 l':!xf4 with an extra pawn and the better position. 2 1 .1}. x c 6 b x c 6 2 2 . E! h f l f x g 3 23.h x g3 �c7 24.4:\e4 �b6 .

58 . . . a3+?

(Ko) Black wins by S8 . . . �aS+! S9.�a2 (if S9.'i!ta3 E!b3+ 60.'i!ta2 �b4 61 . §. h8 E!d3 62 . E! b8+ �c3 63.�a3 �d2! and w i n s , or S 9 . �c 3 a 3 6 0 . §. h8 � a 4 6 1 . §. h4+ §. b4 62 . E! h8 E! b3+ 63 .�c2 §.bS 64. E! a8+ �b4! 6S . E! h8 c4 66.E!g8 §.aS with a winning position, accord­ ing to analysis by Maizelis) S9 . . . c4 60 . E! h8 c3 6 1 .�a3 (if 6 1 . l':!h3 E!cS!

219

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 62.'it'b l a3 and w i n s - Karp o v ) 61 . . . E'k5 6 2 . �h l 'it>b5 63 . �g l �d5 ! 64 .�hl 'it>c4 65.�gl �d2 66.�h l c2 6 7 . 'it> b 2 ( i f 67 . �h4+ then not 67 . . . �d4?? 68. �xd4+ 'it>xd4 69 .'it>b2 'it>d3 70.'it'cl and draws, but 67 . . . 'it>c3! and wins - Karpov) 67 . . . a3+ 68.'it>c l �dl+! .

Tarrasch, who was unable to win a single game against him in twenty en­ counters (-8,= 1 2). (27 1 ) Tarrasch - Rubinstein San Sebastian (6) 1 9 1 1 French Rubinstein [C l O] t .e4 e6 2 .d4 d 5 3 . .£\ c 3 d x e4 4 . .£\ xe4 'ild7 5 . .£\f3 .£\gf6 6.Ad3 Jl,e7 7 . 0 - 0 0-0 8 . .£\ x f6 + .£\ x f6 9 . .£\ e 5 c5 10 .dx c 5 �c7 1 1 . �e2 Jl, x c 5 1 2 . Jl,g 5 .£\d7 13 . .£\ x d7 Jl, x d7 14.Etadl Jl,c6 1 5 . �h5 g6 t 6 . � h4 Et fe8 1 7 . Et fe l Ae7 1 8 . Jl, x e7 � x e7 1 9 . � x e7 Et x e7 2 0 . Jl,e4 Etc8 2 1 . c 3 e 5 2 2 . Et d6 Jl,xe4 23.Et xe4 f5 24.Eta4 b6 25.g4 e4 2 6 .g x f5 g x f5 2 7 . 'it' f l 'it'f7 2 8 . Et ad4 Et e 6 2 9 . Et d 7 + Ete7 30. Et4d5 Et x d7 3 l . Et x d7 + 'it'g6 32. Et x a7

59.'it'a2! 'it'a4 60.Etcl! Eta5

( K o ) If 60 . . . �b2+ 6 l . 'it'a l 'it>b4 62.�c4+! and draws. 6t.Etbl c4 62.Etb8 Etc5 63.Eta8+ 'it'b4 64. Et x a 3 c3 6 5 . Et b 3 'it'c4 66.Etb8, Draw

(270) Rubinstein - Burn San Sebastian (5) 1 9 1 1 Queen's Gambit Declined [006] l.d4 d5 2 . .£\f3 c5 3.c4 cxd4 4.cxd5 �a5+ 5.�d2 � xd2+ 6.Jl,xd2 .£\f6 7 . .£\ x d4 .£\ x d5 8 . .£\b5 .£\ a6 9.e4 .£\ f6 1 0 . .£\ l c3 e6 1 2 . Et c l Ae7 1 2 . Jl, e 2 0-0 1 3 . e 5 .£\ d7 1 4 . f4 .£\ dc 5 1 5 . 0 - 0 Et d 8 1 6 . Ae 3 b6 1 7 . Af3 Jl, b 7 1 8 . Jl, x b7 .£\ x b7 19 . .£\e4 .£\ ac5 20. .£\{2 a5 2 1. Etc3 Et d 7 2 2 . Et fc l Et ad8 2 3 . b 3 h 6 2 4. .£\a7 Jl,f8 25 . .£\c6 EtaS 26.'it'fl .£\d8 27 . .£\ d4 Etb8 28.'it'e2 .£\ a6 2 9 . Et c 8 A c 5 30 . Et x b8 .£\ x b8 3 1 . .£\ b 5 .£\a6 3 2 . .£\ e 4 Jl, x e3 3 3 . 'it' x e 3 .£\ b4 3 4 . a 3 'il d 5 + 3 5 . 'it'f3 'it' h 7 3 6 . .£\ ed6 .£\ b7 37 . .£\ xb7 Et x b7 38.'it'e4 Etd7 39.g4 g6 4 0 . Et c 6 'it' g7 4 1 . .£\ d6 f 5 + 4 2 . g x f 5 g x f 5 + 4 3 . 'it'f3 'it' f8 4 5 . a4 'it'g6 4 4 . Et c 8 + 'it'g7 46.Etg8+, Draw

A miracle save by Rub instein who draws two pawns down in a rook and pawn ending. Akiva had a hex on

32 ... Etd8! 33.Eta6 Etd2!

Active defense is the only chance. 34.Et x b6+ 'it'g5 35.'it'el

Smyslov and Levenfish, in their clas­ sic Rook Endings (p. 1 87), have this to say about the position: The immediate advance of the passed pawn, 3 5 . a4 f4 36 . a5 f3 3 7 . 'it>el 1'!e2+, would lead

220

San Sebastian 1 9 1 1 straightaway to a draw, as White would be forced to repeat moves : 38 . �fl :§c 2 39.�e l :§e2+. If 39.�dl then, 39 . . . :§x f2 4 0 . a 5 e3 4 1 . a 7 :§d 2 + 42 .�c l f2 . 35 ... .§c2 36 . .§b51 �g41 37.h3+1

Otherwise White is in trouble with . . .f4 and . 'i!i'f3 in the offing. .

4)d6 35-�d3 g5 36.f3 .§d7 37.g3 4) b 5 3 8 . a 4 4) d 6 3 9 . f4 g x f4 40.gx f4 f5 41.e5 4)e4 42.�e3 b5 4 3 . a x b 5 a x b 5 44 . .§ g 1 + �f8 45 . .§d1, 1-0

(273) Leonhardt - Rubinstein San Sebastian (8) 1 9 1 1 Ruy Lopez [C 98]

.

37 ... � x h3 38 . .§ xf5 .§ xb2 39 . .§f4 .§ x a 2 40 . .§ x e4 h5 4 1 .c4 �g 2 42 . .§f4 .§c2 43 . .§h4 �f3

But not 4 3 . . . :§xf2?? 44 . :§h 2 + ! and White wins. 44.�d1 .§ xf2 45.c5 �e3 46 . .§ xh5 �d4, Draw

(2 72 ) Rubinstein - Janowsky San Sebastian (7) 1 9 1 1 Queen's Indian [E l 2] l . c4 4) f6 2 . d4 e6 3 . 4) c 3 Ae7 4 . 4) f3 o-o 5.Ag5 b6 6.e3 Ab7 7.Ad3 d6 s:�e2 c5 9 . .§d1 4)c6 10.0-0 4)d7 l l .Af4 a6 1 2.Ab1 �c7 1 3 . d 5 ! 4) d8 14. � d 3 g 6 1 5 . d x e6 4) e 5 1 6 . Jl x e 5 d x e 5 1 7 . �d7 4) x e6 1 8 . � x c7 4) x c7 19 . .§ d 7 AdS 2 0 . 4) x e 5 Ac8 21 . .§d6 Ae6 22.Ae4!

After 2 2 . :§xb6 �f6 2 3A:ld7 .ll. x c 3 24.fl g7 3 1 .�e2 4) b5 32.§ e6 .£lc7 33. f! x e8 .£l xe8 34.e4

221

l . e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . Ab 5 a6 4.Aa4 4)f6 5.0-0 Jle7 6 . .§e1 b5 7.Ab3 d6 8 . c 3 0 - 0 9.h3 4) a 5 10.Ac2 c 5 l l .d4 �c7 1 2 . 4) bd2 4)c6 l3.4)fl c x d4 14.c xd4 e x d4 15.Ag5 h6 16.Ah4 .§e8 17 . .§c1 �b6 18.�d2 Ae6 1 9 .Ab1 4)e5 20 . 4) 1 h 2 4)c4 2 1 . � x d4 � x d4 2 2 . 4) x d4 4) x b 2 2 3 . 4) c 6 g 5 24 . 4) x e7 + ,Et x e7 2 5 . Ag 3 4) c4 26. 4) f3 .§ae8 27 . .§cdl d5 28.e5 4) h 5 2 9 . A h 2 4) g7 3 0 . g4 Acs 3 l . .§ x d 5 Ab7 32 . .§ d 3 A x f3 33 . .§ x f3 4) x e 5 34 . A x e 5 .§ x e 5 3 5 . .§ x e 5 .§ x e 5 3 6 . � f 1 4) e6 37 . .§ a 3 4) f4 3 8 . .§ x a 6 .§ c 5 39 . .§ a 8 + �g7 40 . .§e8 .£) x h3 4 1 . � g 2 4) f4+ 4 2 . �f3 4) e 6 4 3 . .§b8 .§c3+ 44. �g2 .§c4 45.Af5 4) f4 + 46.�h2 b4 47 . .§b7 4) e 2 48. �g2 .§f4 49.f3 h 5 50. �f2 4)c3 51 . .§a7 hxg4 52.Axg4 �f6 53.a3 b3 54 . .§b7 b2, 0-1

(274) Rubinstein - Duras San Sebastian (9) 1 9 1 1 Queen's Gambit Declined [D30]

Notes by B . Lasker. 1.d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.Ag5 h6 5 . .1lh4?! dxc4 6.e3 b5 7.a4 c6 8.Ae2 AM + 9.4)fd2 Ab7 10.0-0 a6 l l .Jl xf6 gxf6 If ll...�xf6

then 1 2 . a x b5 and White

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King regains the pawn with advantage; e.g., 12 ... cxb5 1 3 .4:Jxc4! bxc4 1 4:{llr a4+ 4:Jc6 1 5 . .1lf3, or 1 2 . . . axb5 1 3J:ha8 .la.xa8 1 4 .4:Jxc4! bxc4 1 5 .'tlYa4, etc. Now this last variation does not work because of 1 5 .. .'tlYa 5 .

43 . § x e 5 � x e5 44 . § f5 b 3 ? 1 4 5 . � d3 � e 6 46 . § x h 5 + �g7 4 7 . § g 5 + �f8 4 8 . � f4! �f6 49.Etf5 �e7 50.�d5 A,xf4

12.b3! cxb3 13.'�xb3 Jle7 14.�c3 � d7 1 5 . -'tf3 �b6 1 6 . §fe 1 0-0 17.Etab1 §ab8 18.�e2 f5 19.�f4 �g7 2 0 . � c 3 b4 2 1 . � b 2 �h7 22.�c4 �c7 23.�c2 §g8 24.a5 c5 25.d5 �e5 26. � x e 5 � x e5 27.§ed1 § bc 8 28.�c4 �f6 29.g3 e5 3 0 . � e 2 e4?! 3 l . Ag 2 Ad6 32.§fl �g5 33.§bd1 h5

5 l . § x f4 §h8 5 2 . §e4 �f6 5 3 . � x c 5 + � g7 5 4 . § g4 + �h6 5 5 . Et f4 � b 2 + 5 6 . § f 2 �g7 5 7 . � e 3 + �h7 58 . � x b3 §f8 59.§f5 �g6 60.�d5 f6 6 1 . �e6 �g7 6 2 .h4 §b8 6 3 . h 5 § b 2 + 6 4 . � h 3 § e 2 6 5 . � x e 2 � x f5 6 6 . �g4 + � x g4 67 . � x g4 �h6 68.�h4 f5 69.g4 fxg4 70.� xg4 �g7 71.�g5 �h7 72.�f6, 1-0

Better is 50 . . . b2.

(275) Nimzovitch - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 1 0) 1 9 1 1 Four Knights [C46]

34.f3! exf3

Very weak. Black should play 34 . . . h4, and if 3 5 . fxe4 hxg3 3 6 . h 3 �xe3+ 37.�h l l"l.g 5 . [Authors : After 3 5 . f4 �g4 3 6 .l"l.f2 ! W h i te has good counterplay on the kingside.] 3 5 . § x f3 §ce8 3 6 . § d f 1 J}.c8 3 7 . -'t h 3 Ete5 3 8 . � h 1 �h8 3 9 . � c 2 A,b7 40. § x f 5 .1l x d 5 + 41.J}.g2 A,xg2+ 42.�xg2 �xe3?

Better is 42 . . . l"l.xf5 43. l"l.xf5 �g6 and after 4 4 . �e4 ( 4 4 . �b 2+? l"l.g7 ! ) 44 . . . l"l.g7, White's only chance i s to play for a draw by 45.�a8+ �h7 46. �e4.

1 .e4 e5 2 . � f3 �c6 3 . � c3 Ab4 4.d3 � f6 5 . Ae 2 d6 6 . 0 - 0 0-0 7. A,d2 A,e6 8.§e1 h6 9.h3 �d7 1 0 . -'tfl � h7 l l .g4 h5 1 2 . � h 2 h xg4 13.hx g4 �e7 14.§e3 �g6 1 5 . Et g3 f6 1 6 . A,g 2 c6 1 7 . � e 2 J}. x d 2 18.�xd2 �g5 19.d4 �e7 20.§e1 c5 2 1 .d5 Ad7 22.c4 §ae8 23.�fl Ac8 24.a3 �c7 2 5 . �e3 b6 26.�d2 A,a6 27.a4 §b8 28.b3 A,c8 2 9 . Af 1 �e7 3 0 . § a 1 a 5 31.�f3 Jld7 32. A,g2 �f7 33.�fl §h8 34.�eg1 §h6 35.�e1 �f4 3 6 . � d 2 � x f3+ 3 7 . � x f3 g 5 3 8 . § g 1 § bh8 3 9 . � c 2 �g6 40 . � d 2 �h7 4 1 . � f 1 �g 7 42.�d2 A,e8 43.Af3 A,g6 44.�c3 §h4, Draw

(276) Rubinstein - Schlechter San Sebastian ( II) 1 9 I l Slav [D I S] 1 .d4 d5 2 .£l f3 .£l f6 3.c4 c6 4.� c3

222

.

San Sebastian 1 9 1 1 dxc4 5.e3 .1lf5 6 . .1lxc4 e6 7:l:fe2 .1lg4 8.0-0 .1le7 9.E!dl 0-0 10.h3 .1l h 5 1 1 . g4 .1lg6 1 2 . � e 5 b5 1 3 . � x g6 h x g6 1 4 . .1lb3 � bd7 15.e4 �c7 16 . .1lg5 b4 17.�a4 e5 1 8 . .1lh4 e x d4 1 9 . E! x d4 E! ae8 20 . .1lg3 �e5 21.E!d2 g5 22.E{adl � a 5 2 3 .f3 E!d8 2 4 .
(277) Maroczy - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 1 2) 1 9 1 1 French Exchange [CO l ] l .e4 e 6 2 . d4 d 5 3 . e x d 5 e x d 5 4 . .1ld3 .1ld6 5.�f3 �e7 6.0-0 0-0 7.�c3 c6 8.�e2 .1lf5 9 ..1lf4 .1lxf4 1 0 . � x f4 �d6 1 1 . .1l x f5 � x f5 1 2.�d3 �d7 13.c3 E!fe8 14.�b3 �c7 1 5 . E! fe l � d 6 1 6 . E{ x e8 + E! x e8 17.E!el, Draw

(T) F i rst introduced by Schlechter (against Dus-Chotimi rsky, Prague 1 908), systematized by Rubinstein, this positional maneuver has all but refuted the Tarrasch Defense. 6 ... .1le6 7 . .1lg2 .1le7 8.0-0 E!c8

(T) Too dogmatic. Black devotes too much attention to the queenside. (K) Lasker recommends 8 . . . h6. 9 . d x c 5 .1l x c 5 1 0 . � g 5 1 l l . � x e 6 f x e6 1 2 . .1l h 3 13 . .1lg5

� f6 �e7

(M) A good move but not the best. Be­ yond any doubt, with 1 3 .e4! White achieves an advantage; for example, 13 . . . d4 14 . .£ld5 exd5 1 5 .Axc8 dxe4 1 6 . �b3 ! or 1 3 . . . dxe4 1 4 . Jlg 5 0-0 15 . .£lxe4, etc. 13 . . . 0-0

(T) Too late, and yet - as the storm now breaks - not late enough. Better would be 1 3 . . . f\d8.

(278) Rubinstein - Capablanca San Sebastian ( 1 3) 1 9 1 1 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [034]

14 . .1lxf6 �xf6

Notes by Mieses (M), Tartakover (T), Kmoch (K), Razuvaev (R) and Authors (A). (T) In a game overflowing with the finer points of positional play, the out­ standing feature is perhaps the prob­ lem-like tum 17.-l>kl , by which White very elegantly saves all his unguarded pieces and remains with an extra pawn. (K) One of the most famous accom­ plishments of the Polish grandmaster. l .d4 d5 2.�f3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd 5 5.�c3 �c6 6.g3

223

Jose Raul Capablanca

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King ( M ) A m i stake . In h i s c a l c u l ation C apab l a n c a has o v e r lo o k ed the opponent's 1 7th move. The right con­ tinuation was 14 . . . gxf6. (A) After 1 4 . . . gxf6, Razuvaev suggests 1 5 . 4J x d 5 e x d 5 1 6 . A x c 8 § x c8 1 7.�xd5+ �h8 with some advantage for White. Interesting but unclear com­ plications are possible with 1 5 .e4!? d4 16.4Jd5!? exd5 (otherwise 17. �g4+ and 18.�xe6) 1 7.Axc8 dxe4 (if 1 7 . . . § xc8? 18.�g4+), etc.

(T) Having cleverly won a pawn, White shows that he also can hold what he has gained. 19 ... 4)d4 20.�d3 � x d3

(M) Black cannot avoid the exchange of the queens : 20 . . . �xb2 loses a piece after 2 l . § fb l , and if 20 . . . �b4, then 2 l .§ fdl followed by Ae6+. 21.exd3 §fe8 22.Ag4!

This i s stronger than 2 2 . § fe l 4Jc2 23.§ xe8+ § xe8 24.§cl §e2 25 .Ag4 §d2 and Black has good counterplay. 22 . . . §d6 23.§fel § xel 24.§ xel §b6

15.4) xd5! �h6

(K) It is clear that 15 . . . exd5 1 6.�xd5+ fo l l owed by Jlxc8 etc . , as w e l l as 15 . . . Axf2+ 1 6.�g2 �h6 1 7.4Jf4, etc., would lead to speedy loss. After the text move the real combination begins.

(K) This is the magnificent key move. No matter how Black plays he loses a pawn at the very least. It is a peculiar c o i n c i dence that two years before Rub instei n won against the world champion ( R u b i n s te i n - L asker, St. Petersburg 1 909, game #227) also by a very beautiful combination devilishly barbed with �c l .

(M) I don 't like this move. The best seems to be 24 . . . �f7. (K) Forcefu l counterplay ! The pawn at b2 can not be protected with ad­ vantage, for after 2 5.b3 § a6 follows, and 2 5 . § b l would be deplorable. In such events only counterattack is of value. (R) Now White must be very careful. H e re R u b i n s t e i n p e r h a p s rej e c t s 2 5 .b3 because of 25 . . . § a6, but maybe this is not so bad? After 26.§e5 § xa2 27 .§ xd5 4Jc6 28.Ae6+ �f8 29.§d7 4Je5 30.§ xb7 White should win. The move in the game is also enough for victory. (T) Very cleverly B lack obtains some counterplay which will bring in a pawn on the Q-side. 2 5 . § e 5 § x b 2 2 6 . § x d 5 4) c 6 27.Ae6+
(K) After 28 . . . �e7 29 . .1a.c4 with the immediate threat of l"! f7+ .

1 7... exd5 18.�xc5 �d2 19.�b5

224

San Sebastian 1 9 1 1 29.Af7+ 'it'd7 30.Ac4 a6 31.Etf7+ 'it' d 6 3 2 . § x g7 b 5 3 3 . ,1lg8 a 5 34. § x h7 a 4 3 5 . h4 b4 3 6 . §h6+ 'it'c5 37.Eth5+ 'it'b6 38.Ad5?

(A) Al l annotators agree that this move is a mistake and makes the win much more difficult. The right continuation is 38 . .llc 4! and 38 . . . .§. xa2 is impossible because of 39 . .§.b5+.

40 . . . 4Jb4 4 1 . h6! or 40 . . . .§.c2 4 1 .h6! b2 4 2 . .ll a 2 etc . ) 4 1 . .ll x c 6 '3;c7 (not 4 1 . . .'3;xc6? 42 . .§. b8 '3;c7 43 . .§. b4 and wins) 42.Ae4 b2 43.d4 a3 44 . .§. h7+ '3;d6 4 5 . .§. b7 a2 46 . .§. x b 2 .§. g l + 47.'itt x gl a l =Q+ 48 . .§.bl �xd4 49.Jti3, and White's position is winning. Without doubt this controversial po­ sition w i l l be the subj ect of further examination. 39.ax b31

(T) The result of very precise calcula­ tions. 39.ltxb3 is another way to win. 39 ...a3 40.J1,xc6

(M) This paradoxical capture is now feasible ; e.g., 40 . . . a2 4 1 . .§. b5+ '3;a6 (4 1 . . /.f>'xc6 42 . .§.a5) 42 . .§.b8! , etc. 38 . . . b3?

40 . . . § x b3 4t.Ad5 a2 42. §h6+1, 1-0

(A) Here all annotators are in agree­ ment that Capablanca missed the stron­ gest continuation, 38 . . . .§. xa2, some of them even claiming that this move leads to a draw. Later analysts held that in this case White wins by 39 . .llc4 (not 39 . .ll x a2?? b3) 39 . . . .§.c2 40 . .§. b5+ '3;c7 4 1 ..ll g 8! a3 42.h5 a2 43 . .ll x a2 .§. xa2 44.h6 .§. a8 45 .g4, etc. However, after 44 . . . .§. a6! (instead of 44 . . . .§. a8) Black still has good chances for a draw; for examp l e , 4 5 . g4 ( 4 5 . h7? .§. a8 ! and . . . .§. h8) 45 . . . 4Je7 46.g5 .§. b6! 47 . .§. xb6 '3;xb6 48.f4! b3! 49.h7 4Jg6 50.f5 b2 5 l . fx g6 b l =Q 5 2 . h8=Q �c2+ and Black forces a draw. However, the following analysi s by Vladimir Vukovic, which isn't so well known, suggests that Rubinstein was stil l winning. He gives the path to vic­ tory as: 39 . .§ h8 ! b3 4 0 . h 5 ! .§ a l (if 225

(279) Spielmann - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 1 4) 1 9 1 1 French Rubinstein [C 1 0) Notes by Mieses. l.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.,1lg5 d x e4 5.4) xe4 4) bd7 6.4)f3 Ae7 7 .4) xf6+ 4) xf6 8.Ad3 b6

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King New and surpri sing ! [Authors : for 191 1 !]

I f l l..� x c6+ it x c 6 1 2.1£:l x c 6 � d 5 1 3 .fle5 ( 1 3 .f:lxe7? �xg5 1 4.f:lc6 �xg2 and wins) then 1 3 . . . �xg2 with a good game for Black. 1 1 ... �d5 1 2 . .1l.xf6 ex b5 13 . .1l. xg7?

White should play 1 3 .�xd5 . 1 3 . . . � x f3 14.g x f3 E{g8 1 5.J1h6 f6.4)d3 .ll. xf3 17.E!fl E!g4 18.Af4

226

Better was 18.�e3. 1 8 . . . E{d8 1 9 .c3 e51 2 0 . .Il.e3 e4 2 1 . 4) b4 .ll.d 6 22.h3 E!h4 23.E!g1 �f7 2 4 . � d 2 E! x h 3 2 5 .a4 f5 26.4)c6 E!d7 27.d5 f4 28.Ad4 e3+ 29.fxe3 fxe3+?

Here Black misses the win: 29 . . . .§ h2+! 30.�e l Axd5 3 l .axb5 f3 32 . .§ fl Ae4, etc. 30 . .1l. x e3 E! h 2 + 3 1 . � c 1 E! e 2 32.J}.h6 J}. x d 5 33.axb5 a5 34.E!a4 E!e4 35.E! xe4 Axe4 36.E!g7+ �e8 37.E!g8+ �f7 38.E!g7+, Draw

Carlsbad 1911 Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 is best remembered as the great triumph o f R i c h ard Teichmann's career. Rubinstein's final score was not bad but his play was un­ even (see the games with Marshall, Tartakover, and Kostic). The tournament starts with Rubinstein fighting against his own weapon (6.g3 vs. the Tarrasch). (280) Rotlewi - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 1 ) 1 9 1 1 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D34] l.d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd5 5 . .£Jc3 .£!c6 6.g3 .£Jf6 7 . .Q.g2 .Q.e6 8 . 0 - 0 .Q.e7 9 . d x c 5 -'i_ x c 5 10.a3 0 - 0 l l .b4 .Q.e7 1 2 . .£j d4 a5 13.b5 .£Je5 14 . .£j xe6 fxe6 15.�d4 .£lf7 t6 . .Q.h3 �d6 17.f!dl E!ac8 1 8 . .Q. b 2 .£l g 5 1 9 . .Q.g 2 �b8 20.�h4 h6 2Viti'hl E!f7 22. �f4 .£j fe4 2 3 . � x b8 .£j x f 2 + 24.
(R) According to some theoretical pub­ lications, this variation is a product of our time but it turns out to have been played long ago ! Today B lack 's last m o v e is c o n s i dered i n exact and 6 ... �xc3 is recommended.

(R) This is the only way to achieve an advantage. Rubinstein 's move is still considered best today. 7 ... .Q.f8 8.d3 h6 9.b3

(R) 56 years later the game Petrosian­ Gheorghiu, Moscow 1 967, continued 9 . .£\xf6+ �xf6 10 . .£\d2 d6 1 1 . .£\e4 �d8 1 2 . .£\c3 with advantage for White. The text is also good. 9 ... d6 10 . .Q.b2 .£l xd5?!

(K) Black seeks a speedy liquidation of the position in the center. He might also have played 10 . . . g6 and . . . .llg7, and awaited developments. In any event h i s p o s i t i o n rema i n s s o mewhat cramped. (R) The wrong decision. Better was 10 . . . g6. l l .c xd5 .£le7 12.e4 c5

(28 1 ) Rubinstein - Duras Carlsbad (2) 1 9 1 1 English [A22]

(K) After 12 .. .f5 White would obtain a powerful attack by 1 3 . .£\d2, followed by f4.

Notes by Kmoch (K), and Razuvaev (R).

l3.dxc6 .£J xc6 14.d4 .Q.g4 1 5.d5 .£Je7?

l . c4 e 5 2 . .£l c3 .£l f6 3 . g3 .Q.b4 4 . .Q.g2 0-0 5 . .£lf3 .§e8 6.0-0 .£lc6

(K) Th is i l l-considered move is the source of serious difficulties. 1 5 . . . .£\b8

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King was necessary in order to bring the knight via d7 or a6 into the game with­ out interfering with the other pieces.

in penetrating into the opponent ' s camp . Now Rubinstein fi n d s a very deep and paradoxical solution. Black's most active piece is the queen - there­ fore, it must be exchanged.

t6.�d3 �d7 17.4)d2 Ah3 18.a4

(R) White begins an attack on the queenside. F irst he secures the c4square for the knight.

27 ... 4)c8 28.4)d2 �b4 29.�c41

(K) The pawn a6 will not run away. By the exchange of queens the win­ ning procedure is appreciably facili­ tated.

18 ... .1}. xg2 19.
(K) Duras has had poor luck with this knight. Now he is placed quite out of the game, instead of being brought to the protection of the weak points on the queenside by .£lc8.

29 ... � x c4 30.4) xc4 §ab8 31.4)d2 Etc7 32.§ xa6

(K) Finally the payoff arrives. The rest is accomplished by Rubinstein with his wonted technical precision.

. . .

23.Etfal a6 24. .1l.cll 32 ... §c2 33.§6a2 Et xa2 34.§ xa2 .1l.e7 35.
(R) Rubinstein has a special ability to find the right square for each piece. Here the ideal place for the bishop is on e3. 24 ... §b7 25 . .1l.e3 f6 26.f3 4)e7

(R) The culmination of the preparation ! White 's pieces are now ideally posted and it is time for decisive action. In such positions the road to victory usually lies

[Authors : Razuvaev has the game continuing 40.b4 and makes some re­ marks on the next few moves (i.e., that Black should play . . . h5) that are not relevant to how the game actually went. We follow the game as it appears in the tournament b o o k and Kmoch . Razuvaev 's continuation transposes at move 44.]

228

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2 3 . Alapin

22. Dus-Chotimirsky

2 1 . Rabinovich

20. Kostic

1 9. P. Jolmer

1 8 . Salwe

1 7.

1 6. Siichting

1 5 . Levenfish

1 4 . E. Colm

1 3 . Perli
1 2. Spiehnann

I 0 . Leonhardt I I . Tartakover

9 . Duras

8 . Alekhine

7 . VIdmar

6. Nimzovitch

5 . Marshall

4 . Rotlewi

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Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 August 2 0 September 24 7

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Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 40 ... ,a.ds 41 . .§a6 Ac7 42.h4 Ads 4 3 . h 5 Ac7 44.b4 .§ b 7 4 5 . .§ a S Cjfj>dS 46.Cjfj>b3 .§bS 4 7. .§ xbS Jl. x b8 4S.b5 4) e7 49.b6 f5 50.gxf5 4)gS 51.j}.f2 Cjfj>cS 52.Ah4, 1-0

s i o n at C ar l s b a d , s c o r i n g 1 8 - 7 (+ 1 3 ,= 1 0,-2) for clear first place. I t is said that the reason Teichmann was fi­ nally able to play up to his potential in this great tournament was that h i s mother 's recent death had l e ft h i m a smal l annuity, and that therefore he could enter this event with his mind for once free of financial worries.

(282) Leonhardt - Rubinstein Carlsbad (3) 1 9 1 1 Ruy Lopez [C84]

(283) Teichmann - Rubinstein Carlsbad (4) 1 9 1 1 Ruy Lopez [C90]

t . e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . .1l b 5 a6 4.Aa4 4)f6 5.4)c3 Ae7 6.0-0 b5 7.Ab3 d6 S.a4 b4 9 . 4) d 5 4) x e4 10.d4 j}.b7 l l . .§e1 4)f6 12.dxe5?1

t . e4 e 5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . A b 5 a6 4.Aa4 4)f6 5.0-0 Ae7 6 . .§e1 b5 7 . A b3 d6 S . c 3 0 - 0 9 . d 3 4) a 5 10.j}.c2 c 5 1 1 . 4) bd 2 4) c6 1 2.a4 Ab7 1 3 . 4) f 1 �c7 1 4 . 4) g3 g6 1 5 . .1lg 5 .§ adS 1 6 . a x b 5 a x b 5 17.�c1 .§feS 1S.h3 .§aS 19 . .§ x aS .§ x a S 2 0 . 4) h 2 AcS 2 1 .f4 4) eS 2 2 . f 5 A x g 5 2 3 . � x g 5 �e7 24.�h6 �fS 25. �c1 �g7 26 . .§fl g5 27.4)g4 4)f6 2S. 4) xf6+ � x f6 2 9 . h4 ! h6 3 0 . 4) h 5 � d S 3 l .f6 Cit>h7 32.hxg5 Ag4 33.4)g7 Cjfj>g6 3 4 . A d 1 �d7 3 5 . 4) f5 A x f5 36.exf5+, 1-0

According to Keres, most accurate is 12 . .:£lxe7 'ii! x e7 1 3.dxe5 dxe5 14 . .:tlxe5 .:tlx e 5 1 5 . 1.l.f4 with a s l ightly better game for White. 1 2 ... dxe5 13.4) xe5 4) xe5 14 . .§ xe5 4) x d 5 1 5 . A x d5 0-0 1 6 . j}.f4 c6 17 . .§ xe7 lf l 7 . .1lb3 then 17 . . . 1.l.f6 with an advan­ tage for Black. 17 .. :�· x e7 1S.Ad6 �f6 19.AxfS .§ x fS 2 0 . Ae4 .§dS 2 1 . � h 5 g6 2 2 . � a 5 .§ d 2 2 3 . � b 6 � x b 2 24 . .§ f 1 �d4 2 5 . � x b7 � x e4 26. � x a6 .§ xc2 27.�b6 c5 2S.a5 �e6 29. �b5 �d6 30 . .§e1 .§ a 2 31.g3 Cit>g7 32 . .§ c 1 � d 2 33.� xc5 b3 34.Cit>g2 .§ xa5 35.�c3+ � xc3 36 . .§ xc3 .§b5 37 . .§c1 b2 3S . .§b1 Cit>f6 39.Cit>f3 Cit>e5 40.Cit>e3 .§b3+ 41 .Cjfj>d2 Cit>e4 42.f4 Cit>f3 43.Cit>c2 .§b7, 0-1

Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 was the great glory of Richard Teichmann 's ( 1 868- 1 925) ca­ reer. Nicknamed Richard the Fifth, for his habit of finishing fifth in many tour­ naments, Teichmann rose to the occa-

(284) Rubinstein - E. Cohn Carlsbad ( 5) 1 9 1 1 Dutch [A85] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.c4 c6 4.e3 4)d7 5.4)c3 f5 6.4)e5 4)gf6 7.f4 Ad6 S.Ae2 0-0 9.0-0 4) e4 1 0 . 4) x e4 fxe4 l l .Ad2 4) xe5 1 2.dxe5 Ac5 1 3 . b4 j}.b6 14.�c2 Ad7 1 5 .a4 .§cS 1 6 . a 5 Ac7 1 7 . Ac 3 �h4 1S.Ad4 a6 19. �b3 Ads 20.Ac5 .§f7 2 1 . .§ f2 .Q.e7 2 2 . g3 �h6 23 . .Q.d6 g6 24.c5 � fS 2 5 . .§af1 �g7 26 . .Q.g4 .§cfS 27.� d1 �h6 2S.Cjfj>h1 Cjfj>hS 29 . .§g1 .§.gS 30.�fl

23 0

Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 .§ g f8 3 1 .h4 -'l_ x d6 3 2 . c x d6 g 5 3 3 . f x g 5 .§ x f2 34." � x f2 � x h4+ 3 5 . g x h4 .§ x f2 36 . .§ d 1 � g 7 37.�g 1 , 1-0

(285) Nimzovitch - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 6) 1 9 1 1 French [C02] 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 c5 4.c3 4)c6 5 . 4) f3 �b6 6.-'l_d3 c x d4 7.cxd4 -'t d 7 8 . -'l_e 2 4) g e7 9 . b3 4) f 5 10.-'l_b2 -'tb4+ l l .�fl h5 1 2 . g3 .§ c 8 1 3 . � g 2 g 6 1 4 . h 3 -'te7 1 5 . �d2 a5 16 . .§c1 -'tf8 17.�d1 -'t h6 18 . .§c3 0-0 1 9 . g 4 4) fe7 2 0 . 4) a 3 4) b4 2 1 . 4) c 2 .§ x c3 2 2 . -'l_ x c 3 4) x c 2 2 3 . � x c 2 .§ c 8 2 4 . � b 2 -'t b 5 2 5 . .1}. x b 5 � x b5 26 . -'l_ d 2 -'l_f8 27 . .§ c 1 h x g 4 2 8 . h x g 4 .§ c6 2 9 . � a 3 .§ x c 1 3 0 . � x c 1 4) c6 3 1 . -'th6 -'l_e7 3 2 . -'l_ g 5 � e 2 3 3 . A x e7 4) x e7 3 4 . � f4 �e4 3 5 . � x e4 d x e4 36 . 4) d 2 4) c6 37 . 4) x e4 4) x d4

38.f4 b5 39.�f2 a4 40.bxa4 bxa4 41.4)c3 g5 42.�e3 4)c2+ 43.�d3 4) b4 + 44.�c4 4) x a 2 4 5 . 4) x a 2 g x f4 46. 4) c3 � g7 47. 4) e4 �g6 48.�b4 f3 49.� x a4 f2 50. 4) x f2 � g 5 5 1 . 4) d3 f6 5 2 . e x f6 � x f6 53.4)f2 � g 5 54.�b4 e5 55.�c4 e4, Draw

(286) Rubinstein - Vidmar Carlsbad (7) 1 9 1 1 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D34] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd5 5.4)c3 4)c6 6.g3 4) f6 7.-'l_g 2 .1}. e6 8 . 0 - 0 -'te7 9 . d x c 5 -'l_ x c 5 10.a3 0-0 l l .b4 -'l_d6 12.-'l_g 5 -'l_e7 1 3 . 4) d4 .§ c 8 1 4 . 4) x e6 f x e6 1 5.-'th3 �d6 16 . .1}.f4 �d7 17.e4 d4 1 8 . e 5 4) d 5 1 9 . 4) x d 5 � x d 5 2 0 . -'l_ g 2 � d 7 2 1 . � b3 -'l_d8 2 2 . -'t h 3 .§ e8 2 3 . .§ad1 �f7 24 . .§ fe1 .1}. b6 2 5 . .§ d 3 4) d8 26.-'l_d2 � g6 27. � g 2 .§f8 28.f3 �h8 29 . .§ e4 �e8 3 0 . b 5 .§f7

Amos Burn and unidentified player with dogs

23 1

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 3l.� f4 � x f4 32.A xf4 h6 33.Ag4 Ac5 34.h4 a6 35.bxa6 bxa6 36.h5 Aa7 37.Ad2 �c6 38.Ab4 �bs 39. �a2 �b5 40. �e2 �c8 41.§d2 �c6 42.�e4 � x e4 43.fxe4 'it>h7 44.§f2 d3 45.§f8 §c2+ 46. 'it>h3 Ag t 47.Adt §h2+ 48.'it>g4 .£lc6 4 9 . A c 3 Ad4 50 . A x d4 4) x d4 51.Aa4 §e2 52.Ae8 g5 53.hxg6+ 'it>g7 54.§f7+ 'it>g8 55.§d7 § x e4+ 56.'it>h3 d2

Ab4 5 .g3 o-o 6.Ag2 d6 1.0-o A x c 3 8 . b x c 3 �e7 9 . �b3 c 5 10.4)d2 4)c6 ll.d5 4)d8 12.dxe6 4) x e6 13.4)f3 §b8 14.Ad2 4)e4 15.§adl b6 16.Acl Ab7 17.§d3 f4 18.4)d2 4) xd2 19.Axd2 A x g2 20. 'ifjl xg2 §f6 21.�dl §bf8 22.f3 § g6 23.e3 �h4 24.e x f4 4) x f4+ 25.A xf4 � x f4 26.§f2 h5 27.§e2 h4 28.§e4 § xg3+ 29.hxg3 � xg3+ 3 0 . 'it> f l h3 3 1 . � e 2 § f6 3 2 . f4 �h4 33. �h2 �h7 34.§de3 §h6 35.�g3??

5 7 . § d 8 'it>f8 5 8 . A c 6 + 'it>g7 5 9 . § d 7 + 'it>g8 6 0 . § d 8 + 'it>g7 61.�d7+, Draw

35 ... � x e41 36. § x e4 h2 37.§e8+ 'it>h71

(287) Marshall - Rubinstein Carlsbad (8) 1 9 1 1 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [034]

But not 37 .. .'�>f7? 38 .§ e7+! and White wins. .

38. � d 3 + g6 3 9 . § e 7 + 'ifjlh8 40.§e8+ 'it>h7 4 1 . § e 7 + 'ifjlh8, Draw

l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.4)f3 4)c6 6.g3 4)f6 7.Ag2 Ae7 8 . 0 - 0 Ae6 9 . d x c 5 A x e S 10.Ag5 0-0 l l .�cl Ae7 12.4)d4 4) x d4 13.�xd4 h6 14.Axf6 Axf6 1 5 . �d 3 � a 5 1 6 . 4) x d 5 A x b 2 1 7 . § b l �adS 18. §fd l � x a 2 ? ? 19.�d2 A x d5 20.A xd5, 1-0

(288) Rubinstein - Tartakover Carlsbad (9) 1 9 1 1 Dutch [A85] l .d4 f5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.4)f3

(289) Burn - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 1 0) 1 9 1 1 Ruy Lopez [C79] l .e4 e 5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . A b 5 a6 4 . A a4 4) f6 5 . 0 - 0 d6 6 . d4 b5 7 . d x e 5 d x e 5 8 . � x d8 + 4) x d8 9.Ab3 4) d7 t0.4)c3 Ad6 l l.Ae3 f6 1 2 . � ad l 4) c 5 1 3 . A d 5 � bS 14.4)h4 'ifjl e7 15. b4 4)cb7 16.a3 c6

23 2

Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 17.Aa2 g6 18 . .£je2 Ae6 19.Axe6 .£! xe6 20.g3 .£lg5 2 1 .f3 a5 22.c3 Ac7 23 . .£Jc1 .£jd6 24 . .£Jd3 .£je6 2 5 . � h 1 §hd8 2 6 . .£j b 2 §a8 2 7 . § a 1 § a 6 28 . .£l d3 .£! x e4 29 . .£J x e 5 A x e 5 3 0 . f x e4 A x c3 3 1 . § a c 1 a x b4 3 2 . a x b4 A x b4 33.e5 f xe5 34 . .£lf3 Ad6 35 . .£J g5 §f8 3 6 . § fd 1 .£l x g 5 37 . .Q. x g 5 + �e6 38.Ae3 §f3 39.§c3 b4 , 0-1

(290) Rubinstein - Schlechter Carlsbad ( 1 1 ) 1 9 1 1 Queen 's Pawn [D02] t . d4 d5 2 . Af4 .£J f6 3 . e 3 Ag4 4 . .£Jf3 e6 5.c3 .£lbd7 6 . .£Jbd2 Ae7 7.h3 Ah5 8.�b3 �c8 9.Ae2 a6 10.g4 Ag6 11 . .£Jh4 .£Je4 12 . .£1 xg6 .£j xd2 13.�c2 hxg6 14. � x d2 g5 15.Ag3 .£Jf6 16.f3 �d7 17.0-o-o 0-0-0 18.h4 gxh4 19.A xh4 §df8 20.Ag3 .£Je8 21 .Ad3 Ad6 22.Af2 f5 23.gxf5 exf5 24. �c2 g6 25.c4 d x c4 26. � x c4 Ae7 27.§dg1 g5 2 8 . � c 2 .£l d 6 2 9 . § x h8 § x h8 30 . .Q.g3 �b8 3 1 . A x d6 � x d6 3 2 . .Q. x f5 § h 2 3 3 . �c4 § x b 2 34 . � x b 2 � h 2 + 3 5 . A c 2 � x g 1 3 6 . � b 3 � e 1 3 7 . Ae4 � d 2 + 38.�b1 �e1+ 39.�c2 �e2+, Draw

f5 2 3 . § e 2 §ae8 2 4 . § a e 1 �f7 25.Ac1 f4 26 . .£jfl h5 27.g3 �f6 2 s . � g 2 § h 8 29 . .£J h 2 Ad3 30.§d2 Ah1 31.g4 h4 32.h3 Ag6 33.§de2 §he8 34.Ab2 b5 35.§cl Ad3 3 6 . § d 2 Ae4 3 7 . § e 1 .£l f8 38.§c1 §b8 39.§dd1 �f7 40 . .£jfl .£J d 7 4 t . .£l d 2 .£j f6 4 2 . § e 1 a 5 43.§a1 a 4 44.b4 §be8 45.a3 �g6 4 6 . § a c 1 §e6 4 7 . �g 1 Ab8 4 8 . �g 2 § 8e7 49 . �g 1 �h6 50.�g2 .£je8 51.�g1 Ac7 52.Ag2 .£J f6 5 3 . f3 Ad3 54. § x e6 § x e6 55.Afl Ac4 56.�f2 .£Jd7 57.§e1 §e3 58.Ae2 .£! b6 59 . .£lfl §e8 60 . .£jd2 §e3 61.Axc4, Draw

(292) Rubinstein - Sa/we Carlsbad ( 1 3) 1 9 1 1 King's Gambit [C30] 1.e4 e5 2.f4 Ac5 3 . .£J f3 d6 4.c3 .£Jc6 5 . .Q.b5 Ad7 6.d4 Ab6 7.fxe5 d x e 5 8 . d 5 .£l b8 9 . A d 3 �e7 1 0 . .£J a 3 .£j f6 1 1 . .£l c4 .£l g4 12 . .£J xb6 axb6 13.h3 .£jf6 14.0-0 0-0 1 5 . Ag5 �d6 1 6 . � e 1 .£j e8 1 7.Ae3 f6 18.c4 c5 1 9 .a3 .£l a6 20 . .£J h4 �e7 2 1 .§c1 .£jd6 22.g4 §ac8 23 . .£Jf5 Axf5 24.gxf5 .£lb8 25.a4 .£ld7 26.§c2 §aS 27.b3 §f7 2 8 . § g 2 �h8 2 9 . � h 2 .£l f8

(29 1 ) Siichting - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 1 2) 1 9 1 1 French Exchange [CO l ] 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4 . .£Jf3 Ad6 5.Ad3 Ag4 6.0-o .£Je7 7.§e1 .£J d7 s . .Q. g 5 o - o 9 . .£J bd 2 f6 10.Ae3 c6 l l .c3 §f7 12. �c2 .£jf8 13.h3 Ah5 14 . .£Jh4 �d7 1 5 . .£Jf1 g5 16 .£J f5 .£l x f5 1 7 . .Q. x f5 .Q.g6 1 8 . Jt x d7 A x c 2 1 9 . Ag4 Ag6 20.A f3 Ete7 2 1 . Ad2 .£je6 22 . .£lg3 .

23 3

30.�h4 h6 3l.§fgl .£l h7 32.§g6

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King .§af8 3 3 . � g 4 .£l g 5 34.h4 �dB 3 5 .h x g 5 h x g 5 36 . � g 2 � g 8 37 . .§h1 .§e8 38.�h5, 1-0

1 3 ... �b6 14 . .§fe1 .§adS 15.Jl.g 5 .§feB 16.Jl,xf6?

(K) An error ! In the after-play the bishop exhibits all the advantages of a far-reaching piece, and is thereby su­ perior to the knight.

(293) Alapin - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 1 4) 1 9 1 1 Queen's Pawn [DOO] Notes by Kmoch (K) and Authors (A).

16 . . . Jl, x f6 1 7 . .§ad1 .§ d 5 18.h3 .§ed8 1 9 . .§d2 g6 20 . .§ed 1 Jl, g 7 2 1 . .§d3 �c7 22 . .£)h2?

1.d4 d5 2.lU4 .£)f6 3.e3 Jl,g4

4.Jl,e2

(K) White tries to understand what his opponent is aiming at. Hence his ner­ vousness: with the following moves of his knight he damages his position. The knight stood best at f3. (A) Black already stands slightly bet­ ter. I f, for examp l e , 2 2 . i!i'e 2 , then 22 . . .i!i'd7 (or 22 . . . b5 first) threatening . . . c6-c5 .

(K) If 4 . f3 Af5 and White could hardly avoid the exchange ofhis king's bishop on d3 .

22 . . . b5 23 . .£lfl h5 24 . .£) g 3 �d7 25 . .£) e4 e5 26 . .£lc5 �e7 27.�e2 �f8 28 . .£) b7?

4 ... Jl, x e2

(A) The decisive mistake ! Better defen­ sive chances were offered by 28.4Jb3.

(K) Rubinstein, too, can play psycho­ logical chess: to the great theorist he presents something entirely new ! In recent time, moreover, the opinion pre­ vails that in this opening it is necessary for Black to hem in his queen 's bishop. 3 . . .Af5 is recommended.

(K) Usually it is more than a moral vic­ tory for B lack in a Queen's Pawn open­ ing, to be able to exchange his queen's bishop for the white king's bishop at an early stage. 5.�xe2 c6 6 . .£)d2 e6 7.c3 .£lbd7 8.e4 .£) xe4 9 . .£) xe4 dxe4 10.�xe4

(A) ECO, volume D, first edition, stops here assessing the position as slightly better for White.

28 ... .§e8 29.d xe5 .§exe5! 30. �f3 �e7 31 . .§ xd5 cxd5 32 . .£)a5

(K) 3 2 .l'h d5? would lead to an imme­ diate loss: 32 . . . E!. xd5 33.i!i'xd5 i!i'e l + 34.�h2 Ae5+ 3 5 .g3 i!:rxf2 + 36.i!i'g 2 Axg3+, etc. But even after the move actually made, Black obtains a decisive advantage in fine style.

10 ... Jl,e7 1 1 . .£lf3 0-0 1 2.0-0 .£)f6 13.�c2?!

� xe1+ 32 . . . .§ e 1 + 3 3 . .§ x e 1 34.�h2 d41 35 . .£)c6 dxc3 36.bx c3 Jl,xc3 37.g3

(K) If 37.L�:Jxa7 then 37 . . . i.td4 wins as fo l l o w s : 3 8 . g 3 i.t x f2 ! 3 9 . i!i' g 2 h4 !

(A) Better is 1 3 .i!i'e2. 234

Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 40.gxh4 �eS+ 4 1 .'
(K) With this move White regains the pawn. But Rubinstein has prepared a winning continuation worthy of study. 39 ... a41 40.�xb5 �e4+ 41.'it'g1 a3 42.�c5 Jl,f6

7.c3 4)c6 8.-'l.d3 4) g4? 9 . Jl, xd6 � x d6 10.Jl,xh7+ 'ifi' x h7 1 1 . .£lg5+ 'it'g8 1 2 . � x g4 e5 1 3 . �g 3 f6 1 4 . 4) gf3 c x d4 1 5 . e x d4 �e7 16.d xe5 fxe5 17.0-0 e4 18.4) g5 E!.f5 1 9 .f4 Jld7 2 0 . E!, ae 1 E!. af8 21 .c4 �b4 22.cxd5 � xd2 23.dxc6 j}_ x c 6 2 4 . �h4 E!, x g 5 2 5 . f x g 5 E!, x f l + 2 6 . E!, x f 1 e3 2 7 . �g3 e 2 28.E!,e1 g6 29.�c3 � xc3 30.bxc3 -'l.b5 31.'it'f2, 1-0

(295) Spielmann - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 1 6) 1 9 1 1 Four Knights [C49] Notes by Spielmann (S) from 42nd Les Cahiers de l 'Echiquier Francais, July 1 934 (p. 3 24), Tartakover (T) from 500 Master Games of Chess, and Mieses (M). l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . .£lc3 4) f6 4.Jl,b5 Jl,b4

(K) An amazing zugzwang position has arisen. Black threatens 43 . . . �bl +, fol­ lowed by . . . � x a 2 . If 4 3 . '
(K) "A logical game ! ," as Rubinstein used to express it, when he was satis­ fied with his work. (294) Rubinstein P. Johner Carlsbad ( 1 5) 1 9 1 1 Queen 's Pawn [002] -

l .d4 d5 2 . � f3 e6 3 . A f4 Jld6 4 . .1}.g3 �f6 5.e 3 0-0 6.�bd2 c5

23 5

(S) Later Rubinstein played 4 . . . 4Jd4 exclusively against the Four Knights. This defense, analyzed and tested for many years, has been proven correct, and is the main reason why the Four Knights is now played so rarely. (A) Today, thanks to the efforts of En­ glish GMs Nigel Short and John Nunn, the Four Knights is seen again and White is experimenting with new tries against 4 . . . 4Jd4 . 5.0-0 0-0 6.d3 d6 7.Jl,g5 A x c3 8.bxc3 �e7

(T) Introducing ingenious regroupings ( . . . 4Jd8-4Je6 and . . . §. d8) which in­ crease the security of Black's position. This system, due to Metger, gives bet­ ter results in practice than for instance 8 . . . 4Je7 or 8 . . . h6 9 . Ah4 .llg4, etc.

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 9.Etel 4:\dS 10.d4 4:\e6

(T) He could quite well play 1 0 . . . -'tg4 first. l l.Acl c6

(T) The most vigorous continuation is the thrust l l . . .c5; e.g., 1 2.d5 (disap­ pointing would be 1 2 . dx e 5 dxe5 1 3.4Jxe5, o n account o f 1 3 . . . 4Jc7, win­ ning a piece) 12 . . . 4Jc7 1 3 .-'td3 Ag4 14 .h3 Ah5 , and Black holds his own.

(M) If 1 7 . . . 4Jxc3 then 1 8.�f3 followed by f5 and White has a decisive attack. (S) Ifhere 17 . . . 4Jxc3, then 18.�d3 4Je4 1 9.f5 with a stronger attack than in the game.

t2.Afl

(S) As far as I know, played for the first time by Perlis in the tournament of Ostende 1 906. (T) Intending entirely fresh activities after g3 . The potential effect of the two bishops, to all appearances on the re­ tired list, is remarkable.

18.exf6!

(M) But not 18.4Jxf5? 4Jxf4 . ( S ) I f 1 8 . 4J x f5 l:! f8 ! ( b etter than 18 ... 4Jxf4) 19.4Jg3 4Jxf4 20.4Jxe4 dxe4 2 1 . l:! xe4 4Jh3 + 2 2 .-'txh3 Axh3 and White has an extra pawn, but his king is exposed.

1 2 ... E{d8 13.g3 �c7 14.4:\h4

(S) Also good is 14.-'tg2, but the text move, which involves the sacrifice of a pawn, is more suitable to my style.

18 ... 4:\ xf6 19.f51 .£\f8 20.�f3 �f7

(S) If 20 . . . 4Je4 2 l .Ad3 4Jxc3? 22 .Ag5 and White has a decisive attack.

14 . . . d5

(S) Necessary. (T) In quest of emancipation. (M) A serious mistake.

2 t.Jld3 Ad7 22.Af4 Etes

1 5.f4! exf4

(S) In case of22 . . . �h5 23 .�xh5! 4Jxh5 24.-'te5 White will win by doubling his rooks on the g-file.

(T) H e l p i n g White ' s i nt e nt i o n s . 1 5 . . . 4Jxe4 would have served. (S) Relatively better was 1 5 . . . 4Jxe4 16.dxe5 4Jxc3, but after 1 7.�f3 White will also have a good attacking posi­ tion.

23.Jle5 c5 24. � h l l c4 2 5 .Ae2 Jlc6 26.�f4 4:\ 8d7 27.Af3 E{ e7 28.E{e2 E{f8 29.Etgl �e8 30.E{eg2 E{ff7

( S ) I f 3 0 . . . 4J x e 5 3 1 . d x e 5 .§ x e S 3 2 . §. x g7 + 'i!t h 8 3 3 . 4Jg6 + ! 'it' x g7

16.e5 .£\e4 17.gxf4 f51

236

Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 3 4 . 4J x e 5 + �h8 3 5 . 4Jg6 + h x g6 36.�h6+ 4Jh7 37.fxg6 and White wins.

8.f4 c5 9 . .£lf3 f6 10.exf6!?

(K) Rubinstein wishes to attack the hanging pawns at e6 and d5. Sharply, spiritedly and with iron precision, he carries through his plan.

3 1.�h6! �f8

10 . . . � x f6

(K) By 1 0 . . . 4Jxf6 fol lowed by . . 4Jc6 and . . . .l.td7 B lack could not attain an ideal but an essentially playable game. It is to be noted that the attempt to strengthen the center by 1 0 . . . gxf6 w o u l d be refuted by l l . f5 ! e x f5 + 1 2 . .\.te2 . .

3 2 . .£l g6 + ! h x g6 3 3 . �h8+ .£l g8 34.Ad6!

( S ) The point o f the combination. White 's threat is 35.l:! xg6, followed by 36.§. xg7. 34 . . . �d8

(S) If 34 . . . §. f6, then 3 5 . 1:! xg6 l:! xg6 36.fxg6 with the double threat: 37. l:! e l and 37.Ah5 followed b y 38.l:! fl + .

l l .g3 .£j c 6 1 2.0-0-0 a6 13.Ag2 .£j b6

(K) Why not 1 3 . . . b5, which appears even stronger? B ecause thereafter a neat combination would be decisive: 1 4 . d x c 5 4J x c 5 1 5 . 4J x d 5 e x d 5 1 6 .�xd5+ �e6 17.4Jg5 ! . 14.E!he1 .£jc4 1 5.�f2 b 5 16.dxc5

3 5 . E! x g6 .£l df6 36 . E{ x f6! E! x f6 37. E! xg71, 1-0

(296) Rubinstein - Levenjish Carlsbad ( 1 7) 1 9 1 1 French Classical [C 1 4] Notes by Levenfish (L) and Kmoch (K). 1 .d4 e6 2.e4

(K) An unusual case ! In this position Rubinstein had always played 2 .4Jf3 or 2 . c4 . 2 ...d 5 3 . .£lc3 .£lf6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5.e5 .£jfd7 6 . Jl x e7 "f!/ x e7 7."f!/d2 0-0

23 7

(L) Black squares in the center are in White 's control; the e6 pawn is weak. The only counter-chance for Black is to attack White 's king. -

16 . . . .£j x b2?

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King (L) Rashness, which immediately loses the game. Playing 16 . . . b4 1 7.4:Ja4 Jld7! Black prevents the important maneuver 18.4:Jd4, threatening at the same time 1 8 . . . 4:Ja 5 . If 1 8 . c 3 , then 1 8 . . . b x c 3 1 9 . 4:Jxc3 § b8 and Black's attack is ir­ resistible.

ECO, volume C, second e d i t i o n , claims). He got the better o fi t there with l O . § e l Jlg4 1 l .Ad3 4:Jg6?! 1 2 .h3 Axf3 1 3 .if¥xf3 4:Jce5 14.if¥f5 4:Jxd3 1 5 .if¥xd3, but Black 's play can be strengthened by either l l . . .h6 or l l . . . if¥d7 . B lack should be able to meet h3 with . . . Jlh5 . 10 ...f6 11.Af4?1 Ag4 12.Ae2 �g6 13.Ag3 f51 14.h3 f4 15.Ah2 Ae6 16.�fd4 Af7 17.c3 �f6 18.�d2 �ce5 19.�f3 �c4 20.A xc4 dxc4 2 1 . � bd4 §adS 2 2 . § fe 1 A d 5 2 3 .� e 2 §f7 24.§ad1 §e7 25. �c2 §ed7 2 6 . � e 2 h6 2 7 . �f l a6 28.�e5 §e7 29.�g4 �g5 30.�f3 § xe2 3 1. � xg5 § xe1+, 0-1

1 7 . � x b 2 b4 1 8 . � d4 b x c3 + 1 9 . � a 1 1 � x d4 20. � x d4 §ab8 21.§e3 g5 22.§ xc3 gxf4 23.gxf4 jtd7 24.c6 � x d4 2 5 . § x d4 Ae8 26.Ah3 §f6 27.c7 §c8 28.§ xd51

(K) It is to be observed that the origi­ nal weakness of Black's game (e6 and d5) finally comes into view.

(298) Rubinstein - Chajes Carlsbad ( 1 9) 1 9 1 1 Queen's Gambit Declined [037]

28 ... § xc7 29.A xe6+, 1-0

(297) Jaffe - Rubinstein Carlsbad ( 1 8) 1 9 1 1 French Tarrasch [C09]

1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 �f6 3.c4 e6 4.�c3 �bd7 5.Af4 Ab4 6.e3 o-o 7.�b3 c5 8.�d2

1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 c5 3.dxc5 e6 4.e4 Axc5 5.exd5 exd5 6.Ab5+ �c6 7.0-0 � ge7 8.�bd2 0-0 9 . � b3 Ab6

By a roundabout way a position from the Tarrasch French has been reached that is very nice for B lack. Why? Be­ cause he is a tempo up on the normal line l .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4:Jd2 c5 4.exd5 exd5 5 .4:Jgf3 4:Jc6 6.Ab5 Jld6 7.dxc5 Axc5 8.0-0 4:Jge7 9.4:Jb3 Jlb6, not hav­ ing had to waste a tempo on . . Jld6c5-b6 . Equally good if not better is 9 . . . Jld6. .

10.Ag5

It's curious that Capablanca chose to repeat this opening against Rubinstein at Berl in 1 928 (not London 1 922 as

Yet another one of Rubinstein's open­ ing ideas not mentioned in ECO. His idea of castling long is interesting and perhaps worthy of further investigation. 8 . . . §e8 9 . 0 - 0 - 0 1 ? a6 1 0 . d x c 5 A x c3 1 l . � x c 3 � x c 5 1 2 . c x d 5 � ce4 1 3 . � x e4 � x e4 1 4 . �c 2 e x d 5 1 5.�b1 Af5 16.Ad3 §c8 17.�e2 �b6 18.�a1 �f6 19.§cl � c 5 20. jt x f5 � x f5 2 1 .Ag3 d4 2 2 . �f3 �d7 2 3 . e x d4 � x d4 2 4 . � c 3 �d7 2 5 . § h d 1 � d 3 2 6 . � d 2 § x c l + 2 7 . § x c 1 �f5 28. § d l a5 29.f3 §dB 30.a3 h6 31. tf1tc2 §d5 32.Ac7 �d7 33. �b3 a4 3 4 . tf1t x b7 � h 7 3 5 . tf1t a6 f5 36. tf1tc4 E{ d4 37. ti1tc3 ti1td5 38.�bl tf1td7 39.A e5 Etd5 40.tf1tc4 E{ xe5

238

Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 4 l . .§ x d 3 .§ e 1 + 4 2 . cifl a 2 �e8 43 . .§d5 .§ e 2 44. � d 3 �e6 4 5 . � x f5+ � x f5 46 . .§ x f5 .§ x g2 47.h4 .§ f 2 48 . .§ f4 g 5 4 9 . h x g5 hxg5 50 . .§ x a4 ,Et xf3

.§ b 6 46 . .§ e 1 .§ d 6 47 . .§ e 3 g 5 4 8 . h x g 5 + h x g 5 49 . .§ e 1 .§ d 3 + 50.ciflc2 .§d4 5 1 . .§h1 g4 52.fxg4 fxg4 53 . .§h6+ Wf5 54 . .§h5+ ciflf6 5 5 . .Et h 6 + ciflf5 5 6 . .Et h 5 + Citlf6 57 . .§ h 6 + Wg 5 5 S . .§ c 6 4) d 3 5 9 . 4) e4 + W h 5 6 0 . 4) f6 + ciflg 5 61.4)e4+, Draw

(3 00) Rubinstein - Dus-Chotimirsky Carlsbad (2 1 ) 1 9 1 1 Slav [D l 5] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 c6 4.4)c3 �b6 5.�c2 Ag4 6.c5 �c7 7.4)e5 4) bd7 S . 4) x g4 4) x g4 9 .e 3 e 5 10 . .il,e2 4)gf6 l l .Ad2 Ae7 1 2.b4 b6 1 3 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 14 . .§ a b 1 .§ feS 1 5 . c x b6 a x b6 1 6 . 4) b 5 �b7 17.dxe5 4) xe5 1S.4)d4 b5 19.4)b3 4)c4 20.4)a5 ,Et x a51 21.Axc4! .§a6 2 2 . A b3 4) e4 23 . .§ f c 1 Af6 2 4 . A e 1 �a7 2 5 . � d 3 4) d 6 2 6 . A c 3 .il, x c3 2 7 . � x c 3 4) c4 2S . .§d1 .§a3 29 . .§d4 .§e6 30 . .§bd1 �e7 3 l .e4 ,Et x e4 3 2 . ,§ x e4 d x e4 3 3 . � c 1 .§ a S 34 . .il, x c4 b x c4 3 5 . � x c4 h6 36 . .§e1 �d7 37.g3 �d5 3S.�xd5 cxd5 39 . .§a1 .§a4 40.a3 WfS 4 l . Wf1 cifle7 42.cifle2 d4 4 3 . cifl d 2 cifld6 44 . cifl c 2 wc6 45.ciflb3 .§aS 46.a4 .§d8 47.ciflc4 d3 4 S . b 5 + cifl b 7 4 9 . ciflc3 ciflb6 50.cifld2 cifla5 5 1 ..§a2 f5 52 . .§b2 cifl x a4 53.b6 .§bS 54.b7 Wa5 55.g4 Citla6 56.gxf5 ,Et x b7 57 . .§a2+, Draw

51 . .§g4 ciflg6 52.b4 ciflh5 53 . .§g1 g4 54.b5 g3 55.a4 ciflh4 56.b6 ciflh3 57.b7 .§f8 5S.a5 ciflh2 59 . .§ x g3 cifl x g3 60.a6 .§bS 6 1 . ciflb3 ciflf4 62. ciflc4 cifle5 63. ciflc5, 1-0

(299) Per/is - Rubinstein Carlsbad (20) 1 9 1 1 French Rubinstein [C I I ] 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag5 dxe4 5.4) xe4 4)bd7 6.Ad3 Ae7 7 . � e 2 4) x e4 S . .il, x e7 � x e7 9.Axe4 4)f6 10.Ad3 c5 l l .dxc5 � x c5 12 . .il,b5+ .il,d7 1 3 . A x d7+ 4) x d7 1 4 . 4) f3 .§cS 1 5 . c 3 0 - 0 1 6 . 0 - 0 .§ fd8 1 7 . .§ fd 1 4) f6 1 S . .§ d 2 ,Et x d 2 1 9 . � x d 2 � d 5 2 0 . � x d 5 4) x d 5 2 1 . .§ d 1 ciflfS 2 2 . ciflfl cifle7 2 3 .g3 b 5 24 . .§ d4 4) b6 2 5 . cifle 2 .§ c 5 2 6 . h 4 h6 27 . .§d3 4)c4 2S.b3 4) d6 29 . .§e3 4)f5 30 . .§d3 4)d6 3 1 . .§e3 4) f5 32 . .§d3 4)d6 33 . .§e3 a5 34.4)d2 f5 35.cifld3 e5 36.f3 cifle6 37.c4 g6 3S . .§ e 1 b4 3 9 . a 3 b x a 3 40 . .§ a 1 4) b7 4t . § x a3 .§c6 42.ciflc3 .§d6 43 . .§a 1 <;!lf6 44 . .§e1 4)c5 45 . .§e3

(30 1 ) Kostic - Rubinstein Carlsbad (22) 1 9 1 1 Scotch [C45] l . e4 e 5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . d4 e x d4 4.4) xd4 Ac5 5 .Ae3 Ab6 6.4)f5 .il, x e 3 7 . 4) x e 3 4) f6 S . 4) c 3 d6 9.Ab5 0-0 10 . .Q.xc6 bxc6 1 1 .0-0

23 9

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King .§ e8 1 2 . � d 3 a5 13 . .§ f e l Aa6 14.�d4 �b8 15 . .£lf5 Ac8 16.b3 �b4 17.a3 � x d4 18 . .£l x d4 Ad7 19.f3 .§e7 20.a4 �f8 2 l .�f2 g6 22 . .§e2 .§ae8 23 . .§ael .£Jh5 24.g3 .£!g7 25 . .§e3 .£!e6 26 . .£J xe6+ fxe6 27.e5 d5 28 . .£le2 c5 29 . .§c3 c4 3 0 . b x c4 .§ b8 3 l .c x d 5 e x d 5 3 2 . .§ x c7 A x a4 3 3 . .§ x e7 � x e7 34 . .§ a l A x c 2 3 5 . .§ x a 5 �e6? 36 . .£Jd4+ � x e5??

the unsound development of the last few move s : e . g . , 14 . .ild3
After 1 4 . . .
The only logical explanation for this move and White's reply is mutual time pressure. 37 . .£J x c 2 ? ? .§ b 2 1 38 . .§ c 5 � d 6 39 . .§c8 �d7 40 . .§c3 d4 41 . .§c4 d3 42 . .§d4+ �e6 43 . .§ x d 3 .§ x c 2 + 44.�gl g5 4 5 . .§dl h 5 4 6. .§fl �f5 47 . .§f2 .§c4 48 . .§a2 .§b4 49.�f2 .§c4 50.h3 h4 51.gxh4 gxh4, Draw

(302) Rubinstein - Alekhine Carlsbad (23) 1 9 1 1 Slav [D I S]

t 5 . A e 2 Ad6 t 6 . Ag3 A x g3 17.hxg3 0-0 18.f4 c5 19.Af3 .§d7 20.a4 �d5 2l . .§fcl g6 2 2.�b51 � x b5 23.axb5 c x d4 24.c x d4 b6 25 . .§c4 f5 26 . .§c6 �f7 27.Axd5 exd5 28 ..§acl .§fd8 29.�fl �e7 3 0 . � e 2 .§ d 6 3 1 . .§ 6c 3 .§ 6d7 32.�d3 .§aS 33 . .§c6 .§d6 34.�e2

White marks time a little in order to formulate the winning plan at his lei­ sure.

Notes by Kmoch, and Marin (as noted) l.d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 .£!f6 3.c4 c6 4 . .£Jc3 �b6 5.�c2 Ag4 6.Ag5

[Authors ' note: ECO deals mainly with 6.c5 and gives 6 . .ilg5 only as a move deserving attention, mentioning no games.]

34 ... .§ x c6 35 . .§ xc6 �d7 36.f31

Well calculated! If 36 . . . El c8 37.El xc8 'it>xc8 38.e4! fxe4 39.fxe4 dxe4 40.g4 and White wins. Marin considers thi s move imprecise and 36.'it'd3 more exact!

6 ... .£l bd7 7.e3 .£le4

36 . . . .§e8

The simple 7 . . . e6 was to be preferred.

36 . . . a5 ( S p i e lmann) 3 7 . El xb6 'it>c7 38. El c6+ 'it>b7 39.'it>d2 a4 40.'it>c2 E\ e8 4 1 . El c3 'it'b6 draws (Marin).

8 . j}.f4 e6 9 . Ad3 � a 5 1 0 . 0 - 0 � xc3 l l .bxc3 Axf3 1 2 .gxf3 dxc4 13.Axc4 �b6

37.�d3 .§.e7 38.g4 .§.e6 39 . .§.cll

Now it is apparent that Black has been following a definite obj ective during

Now 39 . El x e6 would be insufficient because after 39 . . . . 'it>xe6 40.e4 Black

240

b>

Original signatures from the back of the photo : Teichmann, Nimzovitch, Tartakover, Leonhardt, Burn, Siichting, Perlis, Vidmar, Leonhardt, Fahrni, Spielmann, Duras, Alekhine, Rotlewi, Alapin, Kostic, Dus-Chotimirsky, and Marshall (on the side)

IF I.

� f z,_ t'-

Teichmann is missing from the photo while Tietz, von Gottschall, Havasi, Hoffer, Fahndrich and Marco who didn't play are included.

Top row : Chajes, E.Cohn, Leonhardt, Alekhine, Fahrni, Jaffe, Rotlewi and Marco; Third row : Tartakover, Johner, Perlis, Hoffer, Fahndrich, von Gottschall, Spielmann, Siichting, Rabinovich and Salwe; Second Row (sitting) Vidmar, Burn, Rubinstein, Tieitz, Schlechter, Duras, Marshall, Nimzovitch and Alapin; First Row (sitting on the ground) : Kostic, Levinfish, Dus-Chotimirsky and Havasi

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King plays 40 . . . dxe4+ 4 l .fxe4 fxg4, etc., and if White continues 40.g5 his king can no longer break through. 39. 1"1 xe6 'it'xe6 40.gxf5 + gxf5 4 l .e4 'it'e7 42.e5 'it>e6 43.'it>e3 'it>f7 44.'it'f2 'it'g7 45.'it'g3 'it'f7 46.'it'h4 'it'g6 47.e6 �f6 4 8 . 'it' h 5 'it' x e 6 4 9 . 'it'g 5 h 5 50.'it'xh5 'it>d6 5 1 .'it'g5 a 5 52.bxa6 'it'c6 53.'it'xf5 wins, according to Marin, who gives 39.l"1 c l as dubious. 3 9 . . . .§. e 7 40 . .§. h 1 'it' e 6 4 t . .§.c 1 'ifld7 42 . .§. e 1 .§.f7 4 3 . .§. a 1 'it'd6 44 . .§.c1 'ifld7 45 . .§.c6 .§.f8 46.'ifle2 .§.f7 47.'it'f2 .§.f8 48.'iflg31

51 ... h5 52.'if7h4 .§.h7 53.'iflg5 fxg4 5 4 . f x g4 h x g4 5 5 . 'ifl x g4 .§. h 1 56.'iflg5 .§.b1 56 . . . l"1 gl + 57.'it'f6 'it'd6 58.l"1c6+ 'it'd7 59.'it>e5 is also hopeless (Marin). 5 7 . .§. a 3 .§. x b 5 58 . .§. x a7 + 'it'd6 59. 'ifl x g6 .§.b3 60.f5 .§. x e3 61 .f6 .§. g3 + 6 2 . 'if7 h7 .§.f3 63 .f7 .§. f4 64. 'it'g7 .§.g4+ 65. 'it'f6

Ever cautious ! First the rook is forced away from the pawn at d4. 65 . . . .§.f4+ 66.'it'g5 .§.fl 67.'it'g6 .§.g1+ 68.'it'f6 .§.fl+ 69.'iflg7 .§.gl+ 7 0 . 'it'f8 .§.d1 7 1 . 'it'e8 .§. e 1 + 7 2 . 'it'd8 .§. f 1 7 3 . .§. d 7 + 'it'c6 74.'ifle8 .§.f4 75 . .§.e7 'it'b5 76. .§.c71, 1-0

(3 0 3) Fahrni - Rubinstein Carlsbad (24) 1 9 1 1 English [A 1 3]

Finally the right idea: the king should cross over via g5. 48....§.e8 49 ..§.c3 .§.e7 50.'it'h4 h6 5 1 . 'it'g3

The king has performed his service ! A bad weakening of the 6th rank was brought about, and thereby l"1 c6 has become a permanent grave threat; e.g., 5 1 . . . l"1 e8 5 2 . 'it>f2 l"1 e7 5 3 . 'it>e 2 l"1 e8 54.'it'd3 l"1 e7 5 5 . l"1 c6 l"1 e6 56.gxf5 ! ! . T h i s i s t h e p o i nt ! After 5 6 . . . g x f5 5 7 . l"1 xe6 'it' x e 6 5 8 . e4 fo l l owed by 59.e5 wins, as Black cannot exchange on e4.

242

1 .c4 e6 2.g3 d5 3.Ag2 d4 4.d3 c5 5.e4 e5 6.f4 exf4 7.A xf4?1

Better is 7.gxf4 and if 7 .. .'l£i'h4+ then 8.'it'fl followed by 9 . .£Jf3. 7 . . . .£)c6 8 . .£) f3 .£)ge71 9.Ag5 f6 1 0 . Af4 .£) g6 1 1 . .£) h4 .£! x h4 1 2 . g x h4 Ae6 1 3 . Af3 Ad6 1 4 . Ag4 A x g4 1 5 . "� x g 4 A x f4 1 6 . � x f4 .£l e 5 1 7 . �g 3 � a 5 + 18 . .£)d2 0-0 19 . .§.g1 .§.f7 20.'ifle2 b5 2 1 . b 3 b x c4 22 . .£) x c 4 .£! x c4 23.bxc4 f51 24. �e5 .§.af8 25.exf5 �a4 26.'it'd2 �b4+ 27.'if7d1 �c3 28 . .§. c 1 � x d 3 + 2 9 . 'ifl e 1 �h 3 30 . .§.c2 � x h4+ 3Vifld1 g6!, 0- 1

Carlsbad 1 9 1 1 (304) Rubinstein - A. Rabinovich Carlsbad (25) 1 9 1 1 Dutch [A85 ] l .c4 f 5 2 .d4 e 6 3.4)c3 4) f6 4.4)f3 b6 5 . g 3 Ab7 6 . Ag 2 g6 7 . 0 - o Ag7 8.d5 e x d 5 9 . c x d 5 0-0 1 0 . Af4 4) a 6 l l . § c l h6 1 2 .d6 c x d6 1 3 . A x d6 §e8 14. �b3+ Cit' h 7 1 5 . 4) g 5 + h x g 5 1 6 . A x b7 4) c 5 1 7 . A x c 5 E! b8 1 8 . A x b 6 a x b6 1 9 . Ag 2 �e7 2 0 . e 3 E! h 8

243

2 l . §fdl 4)g4 22.4)d5 �e6 23.h3 4) e 5 2 4 . f4 4) f7 2 5 . E! c7 E!hd8 2 6 . Cit' h 2 Af8 2 7 . f x g 5 4) x g 5 28.4)f4 �e7 29.h4 4) f7 30.�d5 4)e5 31.4)e6 4)g4+ 32.Cit'gl dxe6 33.§ x e7+ A x e7 34.�b3 E! x dl+ 35.�xdl E!d8 36. �b3 Ac5 37.Af3 4) xe3 38.� xe6 E!d2 39.b4 Ad4 40. � e7 + Cit'h6 4 1 . Cit' h l 4) f l 4 2 . �g 5 + Cit'g7 4 3 . Ag 2 4) e 3 44. � e 7 + Cit' h 6 4 5 . �g 5 + Cit'g7, Draw

Warsaw City Championship 1911 Little information is available on this event. According to the Polish chess historian Dr. Tadeusz Wolsza, this was the e i ghth tournament of the Warszawskie Towarzystwo Zwo/en­ nikow Gry Szachowej (Warsaw Asso­ ciation of Chess Players). It was held in December 1 9 1 1 and served as the 1 9 1 2 Warsaw City Championship (like the 1 9 1 1 event that was held in Novem­ ber 1 9 1 0, this tournament was held the preceding year) . The doub le round robin event included the top players of Warsaw and special guest Georg Salwe ofLodz. According to the January 1 9 1 2 issue o f Casopis Ceskoslovenskych Sachistu (p. 1 6), Rubinstein's first prize was worth 1 00 rubles. Confusion arises because some sources have the event extending into the next year, which doesn 't seem to be the case. The significance of this is identifying the year 1 9 1 2 with Rubinstein's five tournament victories. San Sebastion, Vilna, Breslau, and Pistyan are all well chronicled, but win number five was supposed to be an event in Warsaw.

Considering that the next WTZGZs event that Dr. Wolsza found Rubinstein playing in was 1 9 1 6, we would presume that Akiva did not play another tourna­ ment in Warsaw in the second half of 1 9 1 2. So this event, held in December of the preceding year, was Rubinstein's fifth tournament win for 1 9 1 2 ! Rubinstein's performance was almost perfect, yielding only two draws in fourteen games - no small feat when at least three of the other competitors (Salwe, Flamberg and Langleben) were strong masters. Regrettably only one game is available, if major discoveries of Rubinstein games are to be made in the future they are likely to come from Polish newspapers covering his domestic tournaments before 1 9 1 4 . This i s truly the dark area o f his career. (305) Flamberg - Rubinstein Warsaw (2) 1 9 1 1 French Rubinstein [C l l ] l.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag5 d x e4 5 . 4) x e4 4) bd7 6.4)f3 Jl,e7

1912 Warsaw City Championship (December 19 11) 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Total

11

11

11

11

11

13

1.

Rubinstein

XX

Y, i

Y2 l

2.

Salwe

Y20

XX

y2 y,

Y,O

11

11

11

11

10

3.

Flamberg

Y20 y2 y,

XX

O Y2

11

11

11

11

10

4.

Langleben

00

Y, i

I V>

XX

10

y,y,

Y,O

Y, i

7

5.

Kulm

00

00

00

01

XX

1 y2

Y, i

11

6

6.

Kleczynski

00

00

00

y,y, O Y:z

XX

II

Y2 l

5

7.

Rosenthal

00

00

00

Y, l

Y20

00

XX

Y,O

2 Y,

8.

Hartmanis

00

00

00

Y:zO

00

Y20

Y2 l

XX

2 Y:z

Source: Konstanty Wroblewski

Warsaw City Championship 1 9 1 1 7.� x f6+ � xf6 8.Ad3 b6 9.�e2 -'1_b7 1 0 . -'1_ b 5 + c6 l l . A d 3 0·0 12.-'1_xf6 -'1_ x f6 13.0·0·0 c5!

If 1 4 . dxc5?! then 1 4 . . . �c7 with more

245

than enough compensation for the pawn. 14.h4 �d5 15.�bl �h5 16.Ae4 A x e4 1 7. � x e4 c x d4 1 8 . � x d4 § adS 1 9 . f3 § d 6 2 0 . g4 �g6 2 l . � b 5 � x e4 2 2 . f x e4 § x d l + 2 3 . § x d l -'1_ x h4 2 4 . � x a7 f5 2 5 . e x f5 e x f5 2 6 . g x f5 § x f 5 27.�c8 h 5 ! 28.� xb6 -'1_f2 29.�d5 �h7 30.c4 g5 3 1.�c2 g4 32.�d3 � h 6 3 3 . �e 2 h4 3 4 . � c 3 g3 35.�e4 h3 36.§d6+ �h5 37.§d8 §e5 38. �{3 §f5+ 3 9 . �e2 §e5 40. �{3 § x e4 4 1 . � x e4 h2 42.§h8+ �g4, 0·1

San Sebastian 1912 This tournament marked the start of Rubinstein 's magic year. Between Feb­ ruary 1 9 and September 1 7 he played in and won four strong tournaments. His complete record was 39 wins, 24 draws, and 8 losses (72 percent) against strong opposition. All the leading mas­ ters of the day played with the excep­ tion of Lasker and Capablanca. (306) Rubinstein - Marshall San Sebastian ( I ) February 1 9, 1 9 1 2 Slav [D l 3]

But not 17.'li'rxb7? because of 17 . . . 'li'rb4 ! . 1 7 . . . A x b3 1 8. § x c 5 Ae6 1 9 .e4 §feB 2 0 . Ae3 b6 2 1 . Et c 3 Et x c3 22.bxc3 §c8 23.Ad4 b5 24.a3 g6 25.Etb1 a6 26.f4 Etc4 27.r:t;f2 �f8 28.�e3 �e8 29.Etfl Eta4 30.Ac5 Ad7 3 1 . § d 1 Etc4 3 2 . Ab4 Etc6 33.h3 h5 34.�f3 h4?

Trying to avoid the opening of the h­ file, B lack creates new and decisive weaknesses - the pawn h4 will be lost, and with it also the game.

Notes by Mieses. l .d4 d5 Vilf3 4)f6 3.c4 c6 4.4)c3 4)bd7?1

A dubious continuation. B lack should play 4 . . . dxc4 or 4 . . . e6. 5.cxd5! cxd5 6.Af4 e6 7.e3 Ab4

Necessary, because of the threat 8..£\bS. 8.Ad3 4)e4 9 :�b3 �a5 10.Axe4 dxe4 1 1 .4)d2 0-0

Black cannot defend the pawn because of the threat .£Jc4 followed by .£Jd6+.

3 5 . Et d 5 Ae6 3 6 . § d 6 Et x d6 3 7 . A x d6 ! �d7 3 8 . A c 5 �c6 39.Af2 a5 40.Axh4 �c5 4t.Ad8 �c4 42.�e31

After 42 . .1lxa5 '
(307) Schlechter - Rubinstein San Sebastian (2) February 20, 1 9 1 2 French Rubinstein [ C I 0]

12.4)dxe4 e5

B l ack uses his only chance. S acri­ fi cing the second pawn, he achieves an endgame with opposite-co lored bishops. 1 3 . d x e 5 4) c 5 1 4 . 4) x c 5 � x c 5 1 5 . 0 - 0 A x c 3 1 6 . Et fc l l Ae6 17. Et x c3

Notes by Mieses (M), Kmoch (K), and Authors (A). 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag 5 d x e4 5 . 4) x e4 4)bd7 6.4)f3 Ae7 7 .4) xf6+ 4) xf6 8.Ad3 b6!

(M) Rubinstein 's idea. He played it al­ ready a g a i n s t S p i e l m a n n at S an

San Sebastian 1 9 1 2 Sebastian 1 9 1 1 (game #279). If 8 . . 0-0 then 9 . �e 2 and B lack cannot play 9 . . . b6? b e c a u s e o f 1 0 . � x f6 and 1 l .�e4 .

1 3 . � e 5 � x g 2 1 4 . �f3 � x f3 15.� x f3 E{c8 16.0-0-0?!

.

(K) This increases his disadvantage. White is weaker on the kingside, but has a s l i g h t supe ri o ri t y on the queenside. He must therefore prepare to attack on the queenside. 1 6.c3 with the intent of a4- a5 was indicated. Af­ ter the text, White's attack cannot be started without danger to the king.

(K) If 9 . ..1lb5+ Ad7; if 9 . .1lxf6 ..ll xf6 1 0 . .lle4 fl b8 1 1 . 4Je5 �xe5, and queens are exchanged. In both cases, White attains no advantage. (A) Recent theory recommends 9:l>'fe2 .llb7 10.0-0 0-0 1 l .f!ad1 with a slightly better game for White.

16 ... �d5 17.Jt xe7 c:J x e7 18.c:Jbl E{hd8 19.Ethgl g6 20.�e5 �b4! 2l .c3 �c6 22.� xc6+?

9 ... Jtb7 10.Ab5+ c6 l l .jt xc6+?

(M) White should not exchange the knights, because the rook endgame is better for B lack. Correct was 22.4Jg4, followed by 4:'le3 . (K) Schlechter apparently does not sense the danger, while his opponent hopes to exploit his advantage in a simple rook ending. This is evident from the previous maneuver of his knight. 22.4Jg4 and 4:'l e 3 was prefer­ able.

(K) Thereafter B lack obtains a slight superiority. If 1 1 .4:'lxc6 or 1 l .�f3, then 1 l . . .�d5! Best was probably 1 l ...Q.e2. l l ... jtxc6 1 2.1Z) xc6 �d5

(A) The point of Rubinstein's opening id ea. B l ack regai ns the pawn and forces an endgame with the better pawn structure.

San Sebastian 19 12 February 19 March 2 0 -

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

01

Y, 1

y,y,

1 Y>

01

11

y,y,

Y, 1

Y>F

II

Y2F

12

1 Y>

IF

12

Total

1 . Rubinstein

XX

Y, 1

2 . N imzovitch

Y>O

XX

01

I Y,

O Y>

II

II

3 . Spielmann

10

10

XX

10

I Y,

Y2 l

Y2 Y2

4 . Tarrasch

Y20

O Y2

01

XX

II

01

Y20 y, y,

11

IF

I I Y,

5. Perlis

Y2 Y2

I Y2

O Y>

00

XX

I Y,

Y2 l

y,y, y,y,

I Y2

Y,F

10

6.

Marshall

O Y,

00

Y,O

10

O Y,

XX

Y2 1

I y,

11

IF

9 Y,

7.

Duras

10

00

y,y,

Y, l

Y,O

Y,O

XX

Y2 Y>

Y, l

01

Y,F

8 Y,

00

Y2 Y>

y, y,

XX

y2 y2

1 Y> Y, F

XX

8 . Schlechter Teichmann

Y,O y,y, y,y, O Y>

y, y, y,y,

Y, 1

y,y,

11 y,y,

1 2 Y,

8

y,y, y, y2 y, y,

0 0 y,y, y2 y, Y20 y2 y2

y,y,

Y,F

8

I 0. Leonhardt

Y>O

00

O Y,

00

OY>

00

10

0 Y2 y,y,

XX

IF

5

I I . Fleischmann

Y>O

Y>O

00

00

Y20

00

Y20

Y,O

00

XX

3

9.

Y>O

Note: Fleischmann only played the first half tournament and forfeited his last I 0 games. 247

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 22 13, xc6 23.13.d3 13.d5 24.13.h3 hS 25.13.f3

Schlechter's move is not to be censured. That it offers no salvation is due to the position.

..•

25 ... e5t 26.d xe5

(A) lf 26.§. gS, then according to analy­ sis by I. Zaitsev, Black wins by 26 . . . §.f6 27.§. xf6 �xf6 28.f4 (the pawn endgame after 28. §. xeS § xeS 29.dxeS+ �xeS is lost for White) 28 . . . exf4 ! ! 29.13. xdS f3 and the f-pawn is unstoppable. 26

•••

(M) The decisive mistake. White must play 2 S . §. e3, preventing the advance of Black's e-pawn. (K) Various commentators have noted this move as an error and have recom­ mended §. e l or §.e3 as preventing eS. This view is not convincing as it over­ looks the fact that Black's chief threat is 2S . . . §. fS ! ; e.g., 2 S . i3. e3 §. fS 26.13.e2 §.d6 27.13.dl (threatening c4) 27 . . . §. f4! 28.§. ed2 §. dS 29.c4 §. dfS , etc ., with practically a winning game . Hence

13, xe5 27.13.e3?

(K) 27.§. c l in order to continue with c4 was possibly somewhat better. (A) The decisive mistake. In this ob­ jectively very difficult endgame, White has more practical chances with both rooks on the board. 28 13, x e3 28.fxe3 13.e6 2 9 . 13. e l 13.f6 3 0 . 13, e 2 � e 6 3 1 . �c2 �e5 32 .c4 �e4 33.b4 g5 34. �c3 g4 35.c5 h4 36.13,g2 13.g6 37.�c4 g3 •. .

San Sebastian 19 12 : Seated L-R Nimzovitch, H allgarten, Hoffer, Spielmann, Tarrasch, Leonhardt, and Marshall. Standing from left to right: M ieses, Duras, Perlis, Schlechter, Rubinstein and Forgacs

248

San Sebastian I 9 1 2 3 8 . h x g3 h x g3 3 9 . � b 5 b x c 5 40.bxc5 �f3 41.§g1 a6+, 0- 1

(308) Rubinstein - Per/is San Sebastian (3) February 22, 1 9 1 2 French [C I O] l . d4 e6 2 . e4 d 5 3 . � c3 d x e4 4 . � x e4 � f6 ? ! 5 . � x f6 + � x f6 6.�f3 h6 7.h4 -'td6 8.-'1_g51 �f5 9.-'te3 Af4 10.�d2 Jl x e3 1 1 .fxe3 �c6 12.-'1_d3 �a5 13.�xa5 � xa5 1 4 . � e 5 � c 6 1 5 . � x c 6 b x c6 1 6 . Ae4 Ad7 1 7 . 0 - 0 - 0 �e7 18.§d3 §hb8 19.§c3 §b6 20.a4

h6 1 2 . � f3 b6 1 3 . A b 5 + Ad7 14.-'1_xd7+ � xd7 1 5.0-0-0 0-0-0 1 6 . § h e 1 c6 1 7 . � e 5 � x e5 18. § xe5 §d6 19.c3 �d7 20.f4, Draw

(3 I 0) Rubinstein - Tarrasch San Sebastian (5) February 24, I 9 I 2 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D33] 1 .d4 d5 2.�f3 c5 3.c4 e 6 4.cxd5 exd5 5.�c3 �c6 6.g3 �f6 7.-'lg2 cxd4 8.� xd4 �b6 9.� xc6 bxc6 10.0-0 Ae6

ECO deals only with 1 0 . . . 1.ta6 and According to Tarrasch, a more promis­ ing plan i s .§ hd l , with the idea of .§dd3, .§ c4 and .§dc3.

1 0 . . . Ae7.

20 ... �d6 2 1 .b3 §e8 2 2 . Af3 e5 2 3 . a 5 §b5 2 4 . d x e 5 + § e x e 5 2 5 . § d 1 + � e 7 2 6 . -'1_ x c6 -'1_ x c6 27 . § x c 6 §ec5 2 8 . § x c 5 § x c 5 29.b4 § e 5 30.§d3 §e4 3 l . §c3 �d7 32.§d3+ �e7 33.§d4 § xe3 34.§c4 �d6 35.§g4 g6 36.�d2 §a3 37.§d4+ �c6 38.§f4 §g3 3 9 . § x f7 § x g 2 + 40 . � c 3 §g3 + 41.�c4 §g4+ 42.�b3 § x h4 43.c4 a6 44.§f6+ �b7 45.§ xg6 §h3+ 46.�a4 h 5 47.§h6 § h 1 48.b5 a x b 5 + 49 . � x b 5 § b 1 + 5 0 . � c 5 § a 1 51 .�b4 §b1+ 52.�c3 §c1+ 53.�b3 §h1 54.a6+ �a7 55.�b4 §a1 56.§c6 �b8, Draw

According to Tarrasch, White 's best continuation is l l .e4!, as was played for t h e fi rst t i m e in M a r s h a i i ­ Fleischmann, two rounds later.

(309) Fleischmann - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 4) February 2 3 , 1 9 I 2 French Rubinstein [C I I ] 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.�c3 �f6 4.Ag5 d x e4 5.1£) xe4 l£) bd7 6.�f3 Ae7 7 . 1£) x f6 + .Q. x f6 8 . � d 2 -'1_ x g 5 9.�xg 5 � xg5 10. 1£) x g5 1£)f6 1 1.g3

249

l l . . . �a5 1 2 . Ae3 §c8 1 3 .a3 c5 1 4 . � x c 5 A x c 5 1 5 . b4 A x b4 1 6 . a x b4 � x b4 1 7 . Ad4 0 - 0 1 18.A xf6 gxf6 19.§ xa7 §c41 20.e3 §fc8 2 1 .§7a1 d4 22.exd4 § xd4 23.�f3 �g7 24.§fb1 �d6 25.h3 §c2 26.§d1 §a2 27.§ac1, Draw

(3 I I ) Duras - Rubinstein San Sebastian (6) February 26, 1 9 1 2 Ruy Lopez [C79] l . e4 e 5 2 . � f3 �c6 3 . A b 5 a6 4. Aa4 � f6 5 . 0 - 0 d 6 6.d4 b5 7 . d x e 5 d x e 5 8 . � x d8 + � x d8 9.Ab3 � d7 10.a4 §b8 l l .a x b5 a x b 5 1 2 . -'te3 f6 1 3 . A a 7 §b7 1 4 . § d 1 �c5 1 5 . A x c 5 A x c 5 16.§a8 Ad7 17.1£)h4 §a7 18.§b8 §f8 19 . .£J f5 g6 2 0 . � h 6 § a l

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King Eta7 19.Aa4 '(fjeS 20.-'l_ x d7 '(fJJ xd7 21 .c:;ftfl c5 22.dxc6 '(fj xc6 23.tfJJ d 5 tfJJ d 7 24. 4)b5 Eib7 2 5 . c:;ftg2 ladS 2 6 . Et gd 1 4) e 6 2 7 . 'it'g3 '(fJJ c S 2 S . A e 3 4) ec7 2 9 . 4) xc7 '(fJJ x c7 30.E!d2 EtaS 31.Etd3 '(fJJ bS 32.Etc3 Eiba7 3 3 . h4 4) c7 34. '(fJJ c 6 Eib7 35.Etcc1 4)a6 36.h5 '(fJJcS 37.tfJJd 5 4)c7 3S. '(fjd2 4)e6 39.hxg6 h x g6 40. '(fJJ d 5 Et a 3 4 t . Ei a 1 Eiba7 4 2 . Et x a3 Et x a 3 4 3 . Et h 1 Etc3 44 . 4) x e 5 d x e5 4 5 . '(fJJ x e 5 Et x e3 46.fxe3, Draw

2 1 . -'l. gS ,1la7 2 2 . Et x dS + c:;ft x dS 2 3 . A x h7 c:;ftcS 24 . A x g6 Ei a 2 25.Af7 Et xb2 26.Etc1 Ac6 27.4)c3 b4?? 2S.4)d1 Et xf7 29.l�� xb2 Eld7 30.4)g4 Eld2 31.4)c4 E!d4 32.4)a5 Axe4 33.4) xf6 AaS?

H ere, a c c o r d i n g to M i e s e s , after 33 . . �xc2! B lack has at least a draw. .

34.h3 Ei d 2 3 5 . 4) g4 Ae4 36.c3 ,1lf5 3 7 . 4) c6 A x g4 3 S . 4) x a7 + c:;ftb7 3 9 . h x g4 b3 40. 4) b5 E! a 2 4 t . Ei b 1 b 2 4 2 . c:;ft h 2 c:;ftb6 43.c4 c:;ftc5 44. 4) c3 Eta3 4 5 . 4) d 1 Ei a 1 46 . Et x b 2 E! x d 1 47 . Et e 2 E!d4 4S . Et x e 5 + c:;ft x c4 49 . c:;ftg3 la d S 50.g5 c5 51 .f4 c:;ftd4 5 2 . la e 1 lacS 53.g6 c4 54.f5 c3 55.g7 c2 56.f6, 1-0

Rubinstein had the bye for round nine. (3 1 4) Rubinstein - Spielmann San Sebastian ( 1 0) March 2, 1 9 1 2 Dutch [A85] Notes by Mieses (M), and Tartakover (T).

(3 1 2) Rubinstein - Teichmann San Sebastian (7) February 27, 1 9 1 2 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D6 1 ] 1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.4)c3 Ae7 5 . .1lg5 4)bd7 6.e3 0-0 7.'(fJJc 2 c5 S . E! d 1 tfJJ a 5 9 . c x d 5 e x d 5 1 0 . -'l_ e 2 c x d4 1 1 . e x d4 ,1lb4 1 2 . A d 2 4) e 4 1 3 . 4) x e4 d x e4 1 4 . '(fJJ x e4 A x d 2 + 1 5 . Et x d2 4) f6 16.tfJJ b 1 Af5 17.b4 tfJJ d 5 1S.tfJJ b 2 Et acS 1 9 .0-0 4) e4 2 0 . Et d 3 4) f6 2 1 .lad2 4)e4 22.Etd3, Draw

1 .d4 e6 2.c4 f5 3.4)c3 .1lb4 4.,1ld2 4)f6 5.g3 0-0 6.,1lg2 d6 7.a3 ,1l xc3 S.A xc3 4)bd7 9.'(fJJ c 2 c5 10.dxc5 4) xc5 1 1 .4)f3 4)ce4 1 2 .0-0 Ad7 13.Etfd l ?

(M) White should play 14.Eladl . As the game shows, the f2-pawn must be pro­ tected.

(3 1 3 ) Leonhardt - Rubinstein San Sebastian (8) February 29, 1 9 1 2 Hungarian [C50]

13 . . . EtcS 14. A x f6 '(fj x f6 1 5 .tfJJ b 3 Etc7 16.4)e1?1

(M) Better was 1 6.4Jd4 . (T) If 1 6. 4Jd4, then, as in the text, 1 6 . . . 4Jc5 17.�b4 f4, etc. If 1 6.e3 eS.

1 .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . Ac4 Ae7 4.d4 d6 5.d5 4)bS 6.Ad3 4)f6 7.c4 0-0 S.h3 4)eS 9.g4 4) a6 10.4)c3 4)c5 ll . .i}.c2 a5 12.Ae3 b6 13.a3 g6 1 4 . Et g 1 4) g7 1 5 . A h 6 Ad7 16.b4 axb4 17.axb4 .£)a6 1S.§b1

250

16 ... 4)c5 17.'(fJJ b4 f4! 1S.4)d3

(T) I f 1 8 . .§ x d6 fxg3 1 9 . fxg3 �f2 + 20 .'it'h l �xe2 2 1 .h3 ( 2 1 . .§ d2 .§ fl + followed by mate) 2 1 . . .4Je4 and wins.

San Sebastian 1 9 1 2 1 8... fxg3 19.fxg3 .£) xd3 20. E{ xd3 ttf2+ 2Vit>hl Jlc6! 2 2.e4 E!cf7 23.E!el

(T) If 30 . .§ f4 �xh2+ 3 l .�g4 �h5+ mate, and if 30 . .§ xe6 �xh2+ 3 l .�g4 �h3+, followed by 32 . . . �xe6.

(T) I f 2 3 . .§ xd6 �e2 2 4 .�e l (sti l l parrying the triple threat . . . .§ fl + or . . . �xe4 or . . .§ f2) 24 . . . �xb2 25 . .§ xe6 .§ f2, etc.

3 l . Ciflg4 tt h 5 + 30 . . . tt x h 2 + 32.cifj>f4 tth6+ 33.Ciflg4 g51

.

(T) A splendid point, establishing a mating net at one stroke.

23 ... a51 24. ttc3 ttc5 25.b4 34.E{ x e6

(T) I f 34 . .§ f8+ 'it> x f8 3 5 . �f3 a x b4 36.axb4 'f7 with 37 . . . �f6 to follow. 34... tt x e6+ 35.E!f5 h6

(M) Enough to win, but here was also a quicker solution : 35 . . . �e4+ 36.\t>xg5 h6+ 37.\t>f6 (37.�g6 �e8+) 37 . . . .§ e l ! 38.\t>g6 �g4 + . 3 6 . tt d 3 Ciflg7 3 7 . Ciflf3 E! f l + l 38.tt x fl tt x f5+ 39.Ciflg2 tt xfl+ 40 . cifj> x f l a x b4 4 1 . a x b4 cifj>f6 42. Ciflf2 h5, 0-1

2 5 . . . -'l. x e41

(M) Brilliant and correct! 26.E{ x e4

(M) The queen cannot be captured be­ cause of mate in two moves. After 26.�xe4 the fol lowing winning con­ tinuation for B lack is shown: 26 . . . .§ fl + 27 . .§ xfl .§ xfl + 28.�g2 .§ gl +! 29.�f3 � h 5 + 3 0 . �e 3 � x h 2 , etc . B u t , as pointed out in Deutsche Schachblatter, playing 26 . .§ f3! White has the oppor­ tunity for strong resistance with big draw i n g c h an c e s ; for examp l e : 2 6 . . . .§ xf3 27.�xf3! .§ xf3 28.bxc5, or 26 . . :�c6 27.b5! .§ xf3 28.�xf3 �xf3 2 9 . b x c6 �xc6 3 0 . � x c6 bxc6 3 l . .§ xe6, etc. 26 ... E!f l+ 27.-'l. xfl E! xfl+ 28.Ciflg2 ttf2+ 29 .Ciflh3 E!hl 30.E!f31

25 1

(3 1 5) Nimzovitch - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 1 1 ) March 4, 1 9 1 2 Four Knights [C48] l .e4 e5 2 . .£) f3 .£)c6 3 . .£) c3 .£) f6 4 . -'l b 5 -'l c 5 5 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 6 . -'l x c6 dxc6 7.d3 Ag4 s.h3 Ah5 9.Ag5 h6 1 0 . Jl x f6 tt x f6 l l .g4 Jlg6 1 2 . Ciflg 2 E! ad8 1 3 . tt c l tte6 t 4 . .£) h4 Ae7 t5 . .£) f 5 Ag 5 16.ttdt c5 17.b3 E!d7 18.a4 c6 19.a5 Ads 20.ttf3 Ah7 2l.Ciflhl g6 22 . .£) a4 g x f 5 23 . .£) x c 5 f x e4 24 . d x e4 tte7 2 5 . .£) x d 7 tt x d7 2 6 . E{ fd l tte7 2 7 . tt e 3 tth4 2S.E!d7 Ag5 29.ttf3 Af4 30.Ciflg2 E!bS 3 l . E! adl a6 3 2 . �d3 Ciflg7 33.Ciflfl Ag6 34.Cifle2 Ag5 35.�c3

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King .Q. f6 36.�e3
(K) 1 2 . . . \t'e7 was indeed to be pre­ ferred. (R) In such positions the king is better posted in the center. But here, after 12 . . .
(3 1 6) Marshall - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 1 2) March 5 , 1 9 1 2 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D60] l .d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 .£lf6 3.c4 e6 4 . .£Jc3 .Q.e7 5.Ag5 .£lbd7 6.e3 0-0 7.Ad3 dxc4 8 . .Q. x c4 c5 9.0-0 a6 10.dxc5 .£l xc5 1 1.b4 .£!ce4 12.�xd8 A x d8 1 3 . .£J x e4 .£l x e4 1 4. Jl x d8 § x d8 t 5 . f! f d t Ad7 t 6 . f! d4 Ac6 1 7 . § c l .£l f6 1 8 . § x d8 § x d8 1 9 . .£J d4 .Q. d 5 2 0 . Jl x d 5 .£l x d 5 2 l .a3
(3 1 7) Rubinstein - Schlechter San Sebastian ( 1 3) March 7, 1 9 1 2 Queen's Gambit Semi-Tarrasch [D4 1 ] Notes by Kmoch (K) and Razuvaev (R). l .d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 .£lf6 3.c4 e6 4 . .£lc3 c5 5.cxd5 .£l xd5 6.e4 .£l xc3 7.bxc3 cxd4 8.cxd4 Ab4+ 9.Ad2 �a5?

(K) Leading to an ending that is favor­ able for White. Correct is 9 . . . �xd2+ 1 0.�xd2 0-0. (R) A mistake, but before this game it was not known ! Correct is 9 . . . �xd2+ 1 0.�xd2 <£\c6. lO.§bt! A xd2+

{K) Not 1 0 . . . <£\c6?? because of l l .§. xb4! <£\xb4 1 2 .�bl �xa2 1 3 .�xa2 <£\xa2 14.�c4 and White wins. l l .� xd2 � xd2+ 12.
13.Ab511

(K) An exceptionally deep move ! Now Black can develop none of his minor pieces without disadvantage . If he chases the b i shop he weakens h i s queenside. (R) An astonishingly deep decision. It is important that now Black's pawns will be posted on white squares and the black squares will be at the disposal of White's better developed pieces. Now 13 . . . b6 is bad, as after 1 4 . §. hc l �b7 1 5 .
( K ) I f 1 9 . . . Ae8, then 2 0 . g 5 <£\h S 2 1 ..1'te2 f6 2 2 . g xf6 <£\xf6 2 3 . l=! g l g 6 24.h4, and White has not only a posi­ tional superiority but a strong attack. The book of the tournament marks the text move with a question mark, and avers that the proper conti nuation was 252

San Sebastian 1 9 1 2 1 9. . . g5 20.h4 h6 2 1 .hxg5 hxg5 22.f4 exf4+, etc. Here it must be noted that after 2 3 . � x f4 White w o u l d sti l l threaten g5 , and that Black would have no adequate defense. 20.f4 A.eS 2 l .g5 h x g5 2 2 .f x g5 �h7 23.h4 .§deS 24 . .§bcl .§ xc7 25 . .§ xc7 .§dS 26 . .§a7 f6

� dS 3 0 . "il't f3 c6 3 1 .e4 d x e4 3 2 . d x e4 � Sf7 3 3 . � e 2 h 6 34.� xh6 � x h6 35.gx h6+ � xh6 3 6 . "il'fg4 "il't a 7 + 3 7 . �g 2 "il'te3 3S.�g3 "il'tf4 39."il'fxf4 exf4 40.e5 � f7 4 t .e6 f x g3 4 2 . e x f7 �g7 43 . � x g3 � x f7 44.b4 a x b4 45.cx b4 �e6 46. �g4, Draw

Rubinstein had the bye for round 1 5 . (K) According to Capablanca, this could have been played on the previous move. 2 7 .g x f6 g x f6 2 S . � g4 A. h 5 2 9 . 4) h 6 + �hS 3 0 . A_ e 2 A. e S 3l . .§ xa6 �g7 32.�g4 f 5 33 . .§a7+ �hs

(K) If 33 . . . �g6 34.h5+ �g5 35.Eig7+ �h4 3 6 . e x f5 e x f5 3 7 . 4Jh 6 4Jf8 38.4Jxf5+ �h3 39.Afl + 'it'h2 40.fi g2+ �hl 4 1 .4Jg3+ mate. 34. � e 5 f x e4 3 5 . A. x b 5 ! � f6 3 6 . A_ x eS .§ x eS 3 7 . �f4 �gS 3S.�g5 .§fS 39.�g6, 1-0

(K) A game marked by wonderful depth of conception and sureness of execution.

(3 1 9) Tarrasch - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 1 6) March I I , 1 9 1 2 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48] Notes by Mieses (M) and Kmoch (K). l .e4 e5 2 . � f3 �c6 3 . � c3 �f6 4.A.b5 A.c5 5.� xeS �d4

(K) At that time Rubinstein had just introduced his defense ( 4 . . . 4Jd4), and did not yet understand it thoroughly. Hence the transposition of moves which might have resulted in favor of White. The proper order is 4 . . . 4Jd4, and if 5 . 4J x e 5 'itie7, etc . {A uthors : see Spielmann-Rubinstein from round 21.} 6.A.a4?!

(3 1 8) Per/is - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 1 4) March 8, 1 9 1 2 Ruy Lopez [C77]

(K) Thereafter everything clicks mer­ rily again. Today it is accepted theory that White gets the advantage by 6.Ae2!

l . e4 e 5 2 . � f3 �c6 3 . A. b 5 a6 4.A.a4 �f6 5. "il'fe2 b5 6.A.b3 A.c5 7.d3 d6 S.c3 "il'fe7 9.A.e3 A. x e3 10.fxe3 A.e6 1 1 .�bd2 0-0 1 2.0-0 � d 7 1 3 . g3 A_ x b3 1 4 . a x b3 f5 1 5 . e x f5 .§ x f5 1 6 . "il'fg 2 � b 6 1 7 . � h4 .§ x f l + l S . .§ x fl d 5 19.�f5 "il'td7 20.g4 .§fS 21 . .§f2 g6 2 2 . � h 6 + � g7 2 3 . .§ x fS � x fS 24. �f2+ rtlg7 25.g5 "il'fe7 26.h4 a5 27. �fl � cS 2S.� g3 �d6 29. �g4

25 3

6 ... 0-0 7.d3 d5 S.A.g5 c6

(K) White has a pawn plus but the position is difficult. If 9.4Jf3 Ag4, if 9.0-0 Ei e8 1 0.4Jf3 Ag4, and finally if 9.h3 Black gets the better of it with 9 . . . Ei e8 10.4Jf3 4Jxe4!!. 9. �d2 .§eS 10.f4 b5 l l .A.b3 h6 1 2 . .Q.h4

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King in order to increase the scope of the king.

(M) If 1 2 .Axf6 �xf6 1 3. 0-0-0 ( 1 3.exd5 !'! xeS+!) 1 3 . . . a5 1 4.a4 (or 1 4 .exd5 a4 1 5 . �e4 �e7 1 6 . d6 a x b 3 ! 1 7 . dxe7 bxa2 , and B lack wins) 1 4 . . . b4, and Black has the better chances.

34 . E{ x b 2 A x b 2 3 5 . E! d 2 Ad4 36.4)h3 Cit'e6 37.E!c2 Cit'd6 38.f5 E!c8 1 39 . .1l d 1 E! x c 2 + 40 . A x c 2 Cit' e 5 4 1 .g4 A e 3 4 2 . Cit'f3 Cit'd4 4 3 . Ah 3 Ah7 44 . Cit' e 2 Aa6 45.Ac2

12 .. . ld x e41

(K) Black recovers his pawn and se­ cures the superior position.

(K) If 45.ilxd5 i.txd3+ 46.�f3 Afl and wms.

13 . .Q. x d8 4) x d2 14. Cit' x d 2 E! x d8 1 5 . 4) e 2 4) x e 2 1 6 . Cit' x e 2 E!e8 17.Cit'fl

45 ....Q.b5 46.a4 Ad7 47.Cit'f3 Cit'c3 48 . Cit' x e3 d4 + 1 4 9 . Cit' e 2 Cit' x c 2 5 0 . 4) f4 A x a4 5 1 . 4) e6 Ah3 5 2 . 4) x d4 + Cit'b2 5 3 . 4) b 5 a4 5 4 . Cit' e 3 a3 5 5 . 4) x a 3 Cit' x a 3 56.Cit'd4 Cit'b4, 0-1

( M ) If 1 7 . '�d2 f6 1 8 . � x c 6 A e 3 + 1 9 .'
(K) One of Rubinstein's grand endings. (320) Rubinstein - Duras San Sebastian ( 1 7) March 1 2, 1 9 1 2 Queen's Gambit Accepted [D26]

17 . . . .Q. b 7 1 8 . c3 f6 1 9 . 4) g4 h 5 20.4)f2 Ae3 21.Ad11

(K) Since the weakening g3 is not to be avoided, the bishop must protect the vulnerable white squares. White de­ fends himself spiritedly. 21 ... h4 22.g3 a51 23.Af3 b4

(K) Opening the lines in order to bring the bishops to full force. 24.Cit'g2 bxc3 25.bxc3 ,1la6 26.c4 E!ad8 27.cxd5 c xd5 28.E!hd1 E!e7 2 9 . 4) g4 h x g3 3 0 . h x g3 Ad4 31.E!ac1 E!b7 32.E!c2 Cit'f7 33.4)f2 E!b2!

1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 dxc4 4.e3 e6 5 . A x c4 c5 6.0-0 4) c6 7:(;Je2 c x d4 8 . E! d 1 a6 9 . e x d4 .Q.e7 10.4)c3 0-0 l l .d5 exd5 12.4) xd5 4) x d 5 1 3 . .Q. x d 5 'i#/c7 14 . .Q.g 5 Jl xg5 15.4) xg5 Af5 16.'i#/f3 ,1lg6 17.h4 4)e5 18.'(;fg3 E!ae8 19.E!e1 'i#/b8 2 0 . E!e3 b5 2 1 . E! ae1 4) d3 22.E{xe8 'i#/ xg3?

L o s e s , but a l s o after 22 . . . l"! x e 8 23.�xb8 l"! xb8 24. l"! e7 l"! f8 2 5 .g4!, or 24 . . . �xb2 25 .�xf7 Axf7 26 . l"! xf7 '
(K) Five moves later Black effects the exchange of the other rook. This is done 254

2 3 . f x g3 � x e 1 24 . E{ x e 1 h 6 25 . .£lh3 E{c8 26.�f4 Cit'h7 27.h5, 1-0

San Sebastian 1 9 1 2 (32 1 ) Teichmann - Rubinstein San Sebastian ( 1 8) March 1 4, 1 9 1 2 Four Knights [C48]

1 0 . b x c3 A x c 5 1 1 . .£) e 1 Ae6 1 2 . .£)d3 �a5 1 3 . � b3 Ab6 14 . .£)f4 0-0-0 15 . .§.d1 .§.he8 16.e3 .£) e5 17.Aa3 .£)c4 18.Ab4 �b5 1 9.a4 �c6 20.a5 Ac7 2 1 . .£) x e6 f x e6 2 2 . � c 2 g6 2 3 .e4 Wb8 24 . .§. d 4 .§. d 7 2 5 . � b 3 .§.ed8 26.exd5 exd5

1 .e4 e5 2 . .£)c3 .£) f6 3 . .£) f3 .£)c6 4 . .1lb5 Ac5 5.0-0 0-0 6 . .£) xe5 .§.e8 7 . .£) f3 .£)d4 8.e5 .£) xf3+ 9.gxf3 c6 10.e x f6 cxb5 l l .d4 Af8 1 2 .fxg7 A x g7 1 3 . 'i;tlh 1 d6 14 . .§.g1 'i;tlh8 15.Ag5 f6 16.Af4 a6 17 . .£)e4 d5 18 . .£)g3 b6 19. �d2 .§.g8 20 . .£)h5 Af5 21 . .1}.h6 Axh6 22. � x h6 �e7 23 . .§. xg8+ .§. xg8 24. � x f6+ � x f6 2 5 . .£) x f6 .§. f8 2 6 . .£) x d 5 A x c 2 2 7 . .£) e 3 Ag6 2 s . 'i;tlg 2 A h 5 29 . .£)g4 Af7 30 . .£)e3 .§.d8 3 1 . .§.d1 Axa2 32 . .§.a1 Ag8 33 . .§. xa6 .§. xd4 34 . .§.a8 .§.a41 35 . .§.b8 h5 36 . .£)f5 'i;tlh7 37 . .§. x b6 .ilc4 38 . .£)d6 Ae2

27.Axd5 .§. xd5 28 . .§. xc4 �d7?

Better was 28 . . . �f6, threatening . . . �f3 (Mieses). 2 9 . .§. b 1 A x a 5 3 0 . j}, x a 5 .§. x a 5 3 1 . .§.b4 b 5 32.c4 a 6 33.cxb5 .§. xb5 34 . .§. x b 5 + a x b 5 3 5 . �a4 �b7 36.�f4+ Wa7 37. .§.a1+, 1-0

Rubinstein had the bye in round 20. 39 . .£) x b5 .§. f4 40 . .£) c 3 A x f3 + 41.'i;tlg3 .§.f7 42.h3 Ab7 4 3 . .£)e2 .§.f3+ 44.'i;tlh4 Jlc8 45 . .£)g3 .§.f4+ 46 . 'i;tl x h 5 A x h 3 47.b4 .§. x f2 48 . .£) e4 .§.f5+ 49 . .£) g 5 + 'i;tlg7 50 . .§.g6+ 'i;tlf8 51 . .§.d6 'i;tle7, Draw

(323) Spielmann - Rubinstein San Sebastian (2 1 ) March 1 8, 1 9 1 2 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48] Notes by Mieses. 1 .e4 e5 2 . .£)f3 .£) c6 3 . .£)c3 .£)f6 4.Ab5 .£) d4 5.Ac4 Ac5 6 . .£) xe5 �e7 7 . .£)f3

(322) Rubinstein - Leonhardt San Sebastian ( 1 9) March 1 5 , 1 9 1 2 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D34] 1 .d4 d5 2.l�:lf3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd5 s . .£Jc3 .£Jc6 6 .g3 .£Jf6 7.Ag2 .£J e4 8 . 0 - 0 A e7 9 . d x c 5 .£! x c 3

25 5

Bad is 7.{Jxf7? d5, or 7 . .ilxf7+? �d8 and after 8 . . . d6 White loses a piece. 7 . . d5 8 . .£J x d4?1 .

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King Here White has an opportunity to re­ fute the opponent's variation by play­ ing 8.l.txd5
27 §.c71 28.§,a6 §.aS 2 9. §. x e6 fxe6 30.4)g5 e7 3 1 .§.e1 f6! 32.f4 §.c6 33. 4) x h7+ e7 34.4)g5 d7 3 5 . E! e 5 E!f8 3 6 . d 5 e x d 5 3 7 . §. x d 5 + §. d 6 3 8 . §. b 5 c6 39.E!b4 E!f5 40.§.c4+ d7 41.4)e4 E!c6 4 2 . §.a4 §.a6 4 3 .g4 E! f x a 5 44.§.d4+ c7 45.4)c3 E!d6, 0-1 ••.

A typical Rubinstein game ! Heading into the last round Nimzovitch was leading Rubinstein by half a point. The Field of March 23 describes the action:

..•

Black already has an obvious positional advantage. If 20.l.te3 f5! . 2 0 §,c21 21.j}, xd6 cxd6 22.§.fe1 • . .

Or 22 ..§.fcl f! c8 23.fl xc2 l.txc2 24.fla3 a5! with advantage. 22

••.

§, xc3 23.E!e7 §.b8 24.a5

Perhaps 24 .f!ael offers more drawish chances. 24 f8 25.§.d7 ••.

This loses an exchange, but after any other moves B lack remains with an extra pawn. 25 Jtf5 26.§, xd6 j},e6 27.§.b1 •. .

With the idea if 27 . .'�e7 28. f! a6. De­ serving attention was 27. f! e l threaten­ ing
"Rubinstein v. Nimzovitch. - The most important game of the tournament, highly so to the two players, and par­ ticularly to Rubinstein. The difference between winning and losing was at least 3 ,500fr. - a fair stake for a game of chess. If he won he gained the first prize, 5 ,000fr. , and if he lost he might have obtained fourth place, 1 ,500fr. , or even div ided that amount with Dr. Tarrasch, who still had an ending to fin­ ish with Dr. Perlis. To gain the first prize he had to beat Nimzovitch - no easy task even though he had the first move. "Nimzovitch, who had only to play for a draw, avoided his opponent's favor­ ite Queen's pawn variation with an ir­ regular defense; but after five moves the opening became a Philidor Defense {A uthors : actually an Old Indian], which Rubinstein developed steadily, retaining the advantage of the first m o v e , w h i l e N i mz o v i t c h kept a cramped position. A quiet defensive attitude would have only increased the first player 's advantage, so Nimzovitch boldly resolved upon a counter attack ,

25 6

San Sebastian 1 9 1 2 which he conducted with great vigor, and in so complicated a manner that it was difficult to judge who had the bet­ ter game. In these trying circumstances, Rubinstein, keeping cool and collected, emerged from the attack with a piece ahead; but even then Nimzovitch stuck to his guns, still trying for a draw, and only gave in when the last hope was gone. It is to be regretted that this in­ teresting game should be marred by Rubinstein overlooking a mate in two moves - and Nimzovitch as well which every one of the spectators saw." (324) Rubinstein - Nimzovitch San Sebastian (22) March 1 9, 1 9 1 2 Old Indian [A55 ]

(M) With the simple 17 .J:txe5 4:Jxe2+ 1 8.�xe2 �xe5 1 9 J'� d8! White can ob­ tain also a decisive advantage.

(L) The point of the combination ! ( T ) B etter was 1 8 . A x h 3 4:J x h 3 + 1 9.�g2, and three pieces are hanging. The text move should ultimately only lead to the win of a pawn. 18 Axf1 19.§xfl 4) h3+ 20.
(L) Threatening mate in two moves. 2l.f4 'ltg6

Notes by Lasker ( L ) , M i e s e s ( M ) , Nimzovitch (N), and Tarrasch (T). l .d4 4) f6 2 .c4 d6 3 . 4) f3 4) bd7 4 . 4) c 3 e5 5 .e4 -'\.e7 6 . A e 2 0-0 7.0-0 §e8 s:�c2 Af8 9.b3 c6

(L) 9 . . . g6, followed by . . . Ag7, . . . exd4 and . . 4:Je5 seems to be a more solid strategy. .

to.Ab2 4) h5?1

(L) Neglecting his development plan, B lack begins an attack which is bluff.

(L) If 2 1 . . .4:Jxe4 22.�xd7 . 22.fxg5 § xe4

(N) The best chance. I f 22 . . . �xe4+ 2 3 . 'it'h 3 ! .§ e7 24 . .§ de l , winning a p i e c e , or 22 . . . .§ e7 2 3 . A a 3 � x e 4 + (23 . . . c5 24.4:Jc3 with a big positional advantage for White) 2 4 . � g l c 5 2 5 . .§ fe l , etc. 2 3 . 'it x d 7 § e 2 + 2 4 . § f2 'lte4+ 25.gl

l l .g3 4) b8 12.§adl 'ltf6 13.4)bl Ah3 14.§fel 4)f4

(L) Looks good, but Rubinstein is ready to handle it with a counter-combination. 1 5 . d x e 5 d x e 5 1 6 . 4) x e 5 1 § x e 5 17.-'\.fl l

(L) Such quiet moves show the master class. 25 7

25 . . . Ac5??

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (M) Both players are in very big time trouble. Black misses 25 . . . .§. xf2!. After 26.'it'xf2 �c2+! 27.�d2 Ac5 + 28.'it'g2 �e4+ 29.'it'h3 �f5 + , he has a draw because 30.'i!th4 is too dangerous. 26 . .!ld4??

(L) Now it is clear that the tension and time trouble are affecting both players. Rubinstein overlooks 26.�xf7+ and mate next move. 26 ... Jl x d4 27."� xd4 f!el+ 28.f!fl f! x fl + 29 .
Avoiding the cheapo 32.gxf6 .§. f8! with some attacking chances.

25 8

3 2 . . . '1i\' h 3 3 3 . '1i\'d7 f5 3 4 . � c 3 'li\' h 5 + 3 5 .
[Authors : In the first edition of this book we wrote : "The tournament book stops here with the note that ' White won after a few more moves. ' The rest of the game is perhaps lost forever." Fortunately, the missing moves were discovered by Alan Smith in The Field (March 23, 1 9 1 2) and the Manchester City News (July 1 3 , 1 9 1 2).] 40 ... h6 4 l . � x g7 f! e 2 + 4 2 .
Pistyan 1912 P istyan, a small resort northeast of Bratislava, was one of Rubinstein's greatest triumphs and stands out even in his magical year of 1 9 1 2 . Despite making two quick draws at the end, he was still first by 2Y2 points. T h i s r e s u l t h e l p e d to s o l i d i fy Rubinstein's position as a challenger to Lasker for the world title. The Ameri­ can Chess Bulletin 1 9 1 2 (p. 1 72) had this to say under the heading Dr. Lasker and Rubinstein : "Referring again to the possible championship match between h i m s e l f and A. K. Rub i n stei n , Dr. Lasker expresses the hope that ' the chess world will give him (Rubinstein) the opportunity. ' The only obstacle the champion sees in the way of a meeting is the ' collection of a prize. ' We quote from Dr. Lasker 's Berlin letter of June I 0, contributed to the Evening Post of June 26. ' Rubinstein has gained thirteen points, enough to assure himself of first place, even if he should lose all the games that he has yet to play. The record that he has made, 87 percent, of the pos­ sible total, has seldom been equaled. Taken in conj unction with his other successes, it stamps him as one of the very greatest masters. After an honor­ able career of about eight years, he as­ pires to the title of champion, and it is hoped that the chess world will give him the opportunity. To that end, no more than the collection of the prize is needed. "' The tournament was held at the Hotel Royal .

(325) Rubinstein - Alapin Pistyan ( 1 ) 1 9 1 2 Slav [D l 5] Notes by Tarras c h ( T ) from Dreihundert Schachpartien, and Au­ thors (A). l .d4 d5 2 . .flf3 .flf6 3.c4 c6 4 . .flc3 dxc4 5.e3 b5 6.a4 .fld5

(A) A rarity. The normal continuation is 6 . . . b4. 7.axb5 .fl xc3 8.bxc3 c x b5

(A) This position can be compared with that arising from the Slav Gambit ( l .d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.�f3 �f6 4.�c3 dxc4 5 .e4 b5 6 . e 5 �d5 7 . a4 e6 8 . axb5 �xc3 9.bxc3 cxb5). 9 . .fle5 -'lb7 lO . .§bl �d5

(A) Borik-Campora, Dortmund 1 98 1 , continued 1 0 . . . a6 1 Ulxc4 e6 1 2 .�g4!? �c7 1 3 . .ll e 2 �d7 1 4 . � x d 7 � x d7 1 5 . 0- 0 , w ith a clear advantage for White. l l .f3 f5

(T) Restraining e3-e4. On l l . . . .ll a 6 then 1 2 . .ll xc4 bxc4 1 3 . �a4 + 'it'd8 1 4.e4 �e6 15 . .llf4, intending d4-d5 to drive the queen away from d7, and then § xb8+ and �d7+ mate. 12. �c2 e6 13. �b2 -'ld6

(T) If Black tries to hang on to his ex­ tra material he ends up in serious

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King troub l e : 1 3 . . . .ila6 1 4 . .ll x c 4 ! b x c 4 1 5 .'�xb8+ .§ xb8 1 6 . .§ xb8+ 'l;e7 17.e4! dxe4 (forced, as 1 7 ... '11i'a 5 1 8 . .:£\c6+ and 17 . . . '11i'd6 1 8.Ag5+ mate are not desir­ able) 1 8 . .ilg5 + 'l;d6 1 9 . .§ d8 + 'l;e7 20 . .§ xd5 exdS 2 l .fxe4 dxe4 2 2 . 0-0, and with .§£7+ looming White has much the better ending. 14. � x b5+ � x b5 1 5 . Et x b5 Aa6 16 . .£j x c4 Ac7 1 7 . Et c 5 Ab6 18.l�) xb6 a x b6 19.Etc7 0-0 20.c4 Etf7 21.E{ xf7 �xf7 22.�d2 .£lc6 23.�c3 .£la5 24.c5 bxc5 25.dxc5 Axfl 26.E{ xfl E{b8 27.Ad2 Etb5 28.E{a1?

(T) White's play, since emerging a pawn up on move 1 6, has not been the most exact, but he could still have won by the problem-like 28.'l;d4 .:£\b3+ 29.'l;c4 4::l x d 2 + 3 0 . 'l; x b 5 4:\ x fl 3 l . c6 'l;e7 32.'l;a6 (32.'l;b6?? .:£\xe3) 32 .. .'it'd8 (or 32 . . . 'l;d6) 33.'l;b7, winning. 28 ... E{ xc5+ 29.cifJ>b4 Etd5 30.Ac3 .£lc6+ 3 1 . �c4 Etd7 32.�c5 .£l e7 33.e4 Etc7+ 34.cifj>d4 Etd7+ 35.�e3 Etc7 36.Ae5 Etd7 3 7 . Et a6 .£l g6 38.Ad6 Etb7 39.Eta2 §d7 40.e5 §b7 4 l . g3 § b 3 + 4 2 . cifj> e 2 f4 4 3 . �f2 §b5 44 . Et a7 + �g8 45.gxf4 .£lh41, Draw

(326) Leonhardt - Rubinstein Pistyan (2) 1 9 1 2 Giuoco Piano [C54] l .e4 e5 2 . .£l f3 .£lc6 3 . Ac4 Ac5 4.c3 .£lf6 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4 Ab4+ 7.Ad2 Axd2+ 8. .£jbxd2 d5 9.exd5 .£J x d5 10.�b3 .£jce7 1 1 .0-0 0-0 12.§fe1 c6 13.a4

For 1 3 . .:£\e4 see Tarrasch-Rubinstein, Berlin 1 9 1 8 (game #40 1 ). 260

13 . . . .£J f5 � x d5 14. A x d 5 1 5 . � x d 5 c x d 5 1 6 . .£J b3 f 6 17.E{ac1 Ad7

ECO, Volume C, first edition, stops here, assessing the position as equal. 1 8 . §c7 §f7 1 9 . § x b7 A x a4 2 0 . §b4 A x b3 2 l . § x b 3 Etc8 2 2 . § b 5 §d7 2 3 .g4 .£J e7 24.b3 .£l g6 2 5 . §c 5 §b8 2 6 . § e 3 .£l f4 27.�fl §b6 28 . .£je1 �f7 29 . .£lc2 §a6 30.b4 §a2 31.§f3 g5 32.§b3 �g6 33.§cc3 Ete7 34.§a3 §b2 3 5 . Et a b 3 Et x b 3 3 6 . Et x b 3 Etc7 3 7 . § b 2 h 5 3 8 .g x h 5 + � x h 5 3 9 . § a 2 �g4 4 0 . � e 1 � h 3 4 1 . � d 2 � x h 2 4 2 . E{ a6 Et f 7 4 3 . .£l e 3 �g1 44.E{d6 f 5 45.�e1 .£Jd3+ 46.�e2 .£lf4+ 47.�f3 .£lh3 48 . .£j x f5 § x f5 49 . �g4 E{f4+ 50.�xh3 � xf2, 0- 1

(327) Rubinstein - Hromadka Pistyan (3) 1 9 1 2 Queen's Gambit Declined [D63] 1 .d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 .£Jf6 3.c4 e6 4 . .£Jc3 Ae7 5.Ag5 .£lbd7 6.e3 0-0 7.§c1 a6 8.c5 .£je4 9.Af4!?

A forgotten continuation. ECO deals only with 9 . .:£\xe4. 9 ... .£j df6 10.Ad3 .£l xc3 l l . § xc3 .£le4 12.§c1 f5 13 . .£le5 Af6 14.f3 .£l g 5 1 5 .c 6 ! .£l f7 1 6 . 0 - 0 .£l x e5 1 7 . A x e 5 A x e 5 1 8 . d x e 5 b x c6 1 9 . § x c6 Ab7 2 0 . Et c 5 c6 2 1 .f4 �b6 2 2 . � c 2 § fc8 2 3 . �c3 a 5 24.E{c1 Aa6 25.Ab1 Ab7 26.a4 Cit> f7 2 7 . b 3 Cit> g8 2 8 . h3 �f7 2 9 . § d 1 cifj> g8 30 . j';l c 2 §cbS 31 .cifj>h2 \tlh8 32.g4 g6

O

0

Yz Yz

0

Yz

Yz

0

0

Yz

0

0

0

Yz

0

0

0

0

0

0

O

0

0

7. Balla

8. Breyer

9. Alapin

1 0.Salwe

1 1 . Sterk

1 2. Lowcki

1 3 . Banisz

1 4.Yates

1 5 . E. Cohn

1 6. Hromidka

1 7 . Leonhardt

1 8. P. Johner

5

0

X

Yz

0

1

1

0

0 0

0

O

0

0

1

X

0

Yz Yz

0

0 Yz

Yz 0

0

0

0

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9

0

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8

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1

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7 Yz 1 O

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1

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0

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1 0

0

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1 0

Yz Yz

1

Yz

3

5

Yz

X

0

0

Yz 0

1 0

Yz Yz

X

0

1

X

Yz

X

0

Yz Yz

Yz Yz

1

I

0

Yz 0

0

1

Yz

7

0

Yz Yz

Yz Yz

0

Yz

Yz Yz

Yz

x

Yz

Yz

Yz

Yz

6

Yz Yz

1

Yz Yz

Yz Yz

4

Yz Yz Yz

1

1

0

Yz Yz

2

Yz Yz Yz Yz Yz Yz Yz

Yz Yz

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1

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Yz Yz

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0

1

6

Yz Yz Yz

Yz

Yz Yz Yz Yz

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x

Yz Yz Yz Yz

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5. Schlechter

1

0

4. Duras

0

0

x

Yz

4 1

3

Yz

6. Teiclnnann

Yz

X

0

2

Yz

x

3. Marshall

2. Spiehnarm

1 . Rubinstein

Pistyan 1 9 1 2 May 1 9 - June 1 2

X

Yz

0

1

1

0

Yz

Yz

Yz

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5 Yz

5 Yz

5 Yz

6

6

8

9

9

9

9 Yz

9 Yz

10

10

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1 1 Yz

14

8 Total

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 2 1 . .\l x b7 ti\' x b7 2 2 . E{d 3 4) x d3 23.ti\' xd3 ti\'c6 24.b3 Etf5 25 . .1le3 h5 2 6 . E{ d 1 .ll f 8 2 7 . ti\' d 7 ti\'e4 2 8 . E{ d 4 ti\' b 1 + 2 9 . cifj> g2 e5 3 0 . ti\' d 5 + E{f7 3 1 . ti\' x e 5 ti\' x a 2 3 2 . ti\'e6 .ll e 7 3 3 . Et d 7 ti\' e 2 34.ti\'d51 h 4 35.Etxe7, 1 - 0

(330) Rubinstein - Spielmann Pistyan (6) 1 9 1 2 Benoni [A43] 33.gxf5 g xf5 34 . .\l xf51, 1-0

Notes by Tartakover.

(328) Schlechter - Rubinstein Pistyan (4) 1 9 1 2 French Exchange [CO l ] 1 .e4 e6 2 .d4 d5 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.exd5 e x d 5 5 . .1lg5 .ll e 7 6 . .1ld3 4) c 6 7 . 4) ge 2 4) b4 8 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 9 . 4) g3 4) xd3 10."�xd3 h6 1 1 . .1lf4 .lle 6 12.4)d1 c5 13.dxc5 .ll xc5 14.4)e3 E{e8 1 5 . 4) ef5 4)e4 16.4)d4 ti\'f6 1 7 . .\le3 4) x g3 1 8 . h x g3 .\l x d4 , Draw

Rubinstein faces his pet system.

The building up of an attack by the sec­ ond player - especially in an opening both peculiar and difficult to handle is a special art. We shall be able to fol­ low some of its guiding principles here. 1 .d4 c5 2.d5 d6 3.c4 g6 4.e4 .llg7 5 . .1ld3 e6

It will be noticed that B lack carefully refrains from blocking the long diago­ nal either by 5 . . . e5 or, even temporarily, by 5 . . . 4Jf6. 6.4)c3 4)e7 7.4)ge2

(329) Rubinstein - Sterk Pistyan (5) 1 9 1 2 French Rubinstein [C l O]

Here 7.f4, followed by 4Jf3, leads to more straightforward development.

l . d4 e6 2 . e4 d5 3 . 4) c3 d x e4 4.4) xe4 4)d7 5.4)f3 4)gf6 6 . .\lg5 .ll e 7 7 . 4) x f6 + 4) x f6 8 . .\ld3 c 5 9.dxc5 .ll xc5 10.0-0 0-0 l l .ti\'e2 ti\'c7 1 2.E{ad1 b6? 13.4)e51

The p o s i t i o n after 1 3 . .!l x f6 g x f6 1 4:�e4 f5 1 5 .�xa8 .!lb7 1 6.�xa7 l"l a8 1 7.�xa8+ -'l.xa8 is unclear. 13 ... 4)d5 14.c4 4) b4 1 5 . .1le4 .lld 6 1 6 . 4)g4 f5 17 . .\l x aS f x g4 18.g3 4)c6 19.ti\'xg4 4)e5 20.�d4 .ll b7

7 . . . e x d 5 8.e x d 5 4) d 7 9 . f4 4) f6 10.4)g3 h5

Sounding the general attack. 1 1 . 0 - 0 h4 1 2 . 4) ge4 4) x e4 13 . .\lxe4 .lld4+ 14.cifj>h1 4)f5

Black's attack has quickly assumed a concrete form . The text move an­ nounces the w e l l - known attack by 1 5 . . . 4Jg3+ .

262

Pistyan 1 9 1 2 1 5 . A x f5 Jl x f5 1 6 . §. e 1 + fS 17.'li\'f3

White seeks to avoid fresh weaknesses; e.g., if 17 . .lle 3 .ll x c3 18.bxc3 h3 1 9.g3 .lle 4+ 20.
Evidently not 18.g4?? �h4. 1 8 . . . 'li\'d7 1 9 .Ad2 Ag4 20.'li\'f1 'li\'f5

Threatening 2 l . . .�c2 . 21.§ac1 <;t>g7 22.Jl,e3 Af6 23.b3 §.he8

[Authors : Tartakover gives this move as 23 . . . .§ ae8. We follow the score as it i s g i v e n i n Das Buch der Schachmeisterpartien (Vierter Tei l , Leipzig 1 9 1 3) b y J. Mieses, and i n Bad Pistyan 1 9 1 2 (Argentina 1 9 7 2 ) by Lachaga.]

9.Ah4 o-o 10.Ag3 .£\g6 1 1 . .£\bd2 .£1 f4 1 2 . A x f4 A x f4 1 3 . 'li\'c2 g6 14.§.fe1 <;t>g7 15.h3 Jl,e6 16 . .£\fl f6 1 7 . §. e 2 §.ae8 1 8 . §.ae1 .£IdS 19 . .£\g3 c6 20. .£\h2 .£1f7 2 1 . .£\hf1 .£1d6 22.'li\'b1 §.e7 23.h4 f5 24.f3 §.fe8 25 . .£\ h 1 Ah6 2 6 .g3 <;t>f8 27 . .£\f2 Af7 28.'li\'c2 .£1 c4 29.f4 Ag7 30.A x c4 d x c4 3 1 .'li\'d2 b5 3 2 . §. x e7 §. x e7 3 3 . §. x e7 'li\' x e7 3 4 . 'li\' e 3 b4! 3 5 . 'li\' x e7 + x e7 3 6 . .£\ d 1 b x c3 3 7 . b x c 3 <;t>d6 3 8 . <;t> f 2 c 5 3 9 . d x c 5 + <;t> x c 5 4 0 . e 3 Jl, e 8 4 t . <;t> d 2 Jl, c 6 4 2 . .£\fe3 Ae4 4 3. .£\ b 2 Ab1 44.a4 Jl, a 2 4 5 . h 5 a 5 46 . h x g 6 h x g6 47 . .£\ g 2 Jl,f6 48 . .£\ h4 A x h4 4 9 . g x h4 d 5 5 0 . <;t> e 3 Jl b 3 5 t . f3 <;t>d6 5 2 . c 5 5 3 . <;t> d 2 <;t>c6 5 4 . e 3 d 5 55.e3 c5 57.<;t>d2 Ae4 58.e3 Jlc6 59.<;t>d2 d5 60.e3 Ad7 61.f3 c5 62.d2 Ac6 64. e3

2 4 . A f 2 Af3 + 2 5 . g 1 Ag 2 2 6 . §. x e8 A x f 1 2 7 . §. x a8 'li\' d 3 ! 2 8 . §. e8 'li\'f3 29 . x f 1 'li\' h 1 + 3 0 . Jl,g 1 'li\'g 2 + 3 1 . e 1 'li\' x g 1 + 32.<;t>d2 'li\' xh2+, 0-1

For i f 3 3 . .£le2 �g2 34 . .§ g l �xg l ! 3 5 . .£\xg2 h2, etc. 64 . . . A x a4?

Two old rivals bang heads again.

This move is usually adorned with an exclamation mark but in fact it should lead to a loss.

(33 1 ) Sa/we - Rubinstein Pistyan (7) 1 9 1 2 French Exchange [CO l ] l . e4 e 6 2 . d4 d 5 3 . e x d 5 e x d 5 4 . Ad 3 A d 6 5 . .£1 f3 Ag4 6 . 0 - o .£1 c 6 7 . c 3 .£\ ge7 8 . A g 5 'li\'d7

263

65 . .£, xa4+ b5 66.<;t>d4??

Hypnotized, Salwe trusts Rubinstein and misses his chance to win the game,

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King as was pointed out in the February­ March 1 9 9 2 i s s ue ( p p . 5 6 - 5 7 ) o f L 'Italia Scacchis tica : 66 . 4:J b 2 ! a4 (66 . . . � c 5 67 . 4::l d l �d5 6 8 . 4::l f2 or 67 . . . a4 68.�d2 �d5 69.4::lf2) 67.'
(332) Rubinstein - Breyer Pistyan (8) 1 9 1 2 English [ A34] l . c4 c5 2 . 4) c 3 4) f6 3 . g3 4) c6 4.J;l.g2 e6 5.4)f3 d5 6.cxd5 4) xd5 7.0-0 Ae7 8.d4 4) xc3 9.bxc3 �a5 10.Ad2 c4 ll .e4 0-0 12. �c2 Ad7 1 3 . El a b l 4) d8 1 4 . 4) e 5 Aa4 15. �cl Elc8 16.f4 f6 17.4)g4 Ad7 18.4)e3 a6 19. �c2 Aa4 20. �b2 A b 5 2 1 . El bel E!c6 2 2 . f5 El b 6 23.Elbl Aa3

66 ... 'i!l x a4 67.
88 . . . �e4+ 89.
24. 4) x c41 J;l. x b2 2 5 . 4) x a5 A x fl 26.
(333) Lowcki - Rubinstein Pistyan (9) 1 9 1 2 Sicilian [B40] l . e4 c5 2 . 4) f3 e6 3 . d4 c x d4 4.4) x d4 4)f6 5.4)c3 Ab4 6.J;l.d3 d5 7.e5 4) fd7 8. �g4 g6 9.Af4 4)c6 10 . .£l x c6 bxc6 1 1 .0-0 Af81 12.4)a4 Ag7 13.Elfel c5 14.Ab 5 �c7 15.c4 d4 16.�f3 Elb8 17.�c6

264

Pistyan 1 9 1 2 �xc6 1S.-'\.xc6 -'\.fS 19 . .§ed1 -'\.b7 20 . .1}. x d7 +
41 . . . h5 42 . .§a7+
2 l . � b4 �d3 2 2 . �e7 .1la6 2 3 . � x a7 �c3 24 . .§bb1 .1ld3 2 5 . � x b6 .§fS 2 6 . �b4 �c7 27 . .§bc 1 �a7 2S.a4 h6 29 . .§c5 .§ a S 30.a5 .§ b S 3 1 . �d4
(335) Teichmann - Rubinstein Pistyan ( 1 1 ) 1 9 1 2 French Rubinstein [C 1 0] l . e4 e6 2 . d 4 d 5 3 . .£l c 3 d x e4 4 . .£j x e4 .£l d7 5 . .£l f3 .£l gf6 6 . .£1 x f6+ .£! xf6 7 .Ad3 b6 S. �e2 Ab7 9 . .1l b 5 + ? 1 c6 1 0 . Ac4 �c7 11 . .£le5 Ad6 12.-'tf4 0-0 13.0-0 .§adS 14 . .§ad1 .£ld5 15 . .1lg3 c5 16.c3 .§feS 17.Ab5 .§fS 1S.dxc5 bxc5 19.c4? .£lb6 20 . .§ xd6 .§ x d6 2 1 . .£l d7 .£l x d7 2 2 . j}. x d6 � x d6 23 . .§d1 �e51, 0-1

(336) Rubinstein - Duras Pistyan ( 1 2) 1 9 1 2 English [A3 8] Notes by Kmoch. l .c4 .£l f6 2 . .£l c 3 c5 3 . g 3 .£j c6 4.Ag2 g6 5 . .£lf3 Ag7 6.d4 �b6

An unusual move which is not good. 7.d5 .£ld4 S . .£j xd4 cxd4 9 . .£lb5 0-0

(334) Rubinstein - Yates Pistyan ( 1 0) 1 9 1 2 Queen's Gambit Declined [D63] 1.d4 d5 2 . .£lf3 .£lf6 3.c4 e6 4 . .£lc3 .£lbd7 5.Ag5 Ae7 6.e3 0-0 7 . .§c1 b6 S.cxd5 exd5 9 . .£le5 .1lb7 10.f4 c5 l l .Ad3 .£j e4 1 2 . A x e4 d x e4 1 3 . A x e7 � x e7 14 . .£j x d7 c x d4 1 5 . .£l x fS d x c 3 1 6 . 0 - 0 c x b 2 1 7 . E!. b 1 E!. x fS 1 S . �a4 � c 5 1 9 . E!. fe 1 E!. dS 2 0 . .§ x b 2 �c3

265

Or 9 . . . a6 1 0 . <£J x d 4 <£J x d 5 1 1 . <£Jb 3 <£Jf6 ( l l . . .ii!b4+ 1 2 .Ad2 �xc4 1 3 . El c l ii! b 5 1 4 . El c5 and wins) 1 2 . c 5 ! with advantage. 10.0-0 a6

If 1 0 . . . <£Je8 l l .e3!. 11 . .£j xd4 .£l xd5

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 2 3 . A x g7 � x g7 24. � x e7 E{ x e7 25.4)d6 E{b8 26.A xe4 4)a7 27.b3 .£lb5 28.Ag2 4) xd6 29. E{ x d6 E{e6

Black has lost a pawn and has a bad position. Rubinstein handles the end­ ing with his accustomed care. 30.E{d4 �f8 31.E{cl �e7 32.E{c7 Et d 6 3 3 . A d 5 f5 3 4 . � f l �ds 3 5 . Et c 5 �e7 3 6 . � e 2 Ab7 37. A x b7 E{ x b7 38. E{ xd6 � x d6 39.E{c8 Etb6 40.�d3 �d5 41.h4 h6 42.E{c4 g5 43.hxg5 hxg5 44.g4!

12.c511 �f6

Forced. After 12 'lfl'xc5 1 3 A )b3 wins. . . .

Wins another pawn.

13.e3 .£!b4 14.Ad2 4)c6 15.Ac3

Now White has far the better game. The c-pawn exercises a cramping effect on the black position. 15 ... e5 16.4)c2 �e7 17.�d5 E{b8 18.4)a3! b6 19.cxb6 E{ x b6 20.4)c4 Etb5 2 1 . �d6 E{e8 22.E{fd1 e4

44 ... E{b5 45.gxf5 �e5 46.E{a4 a5 47.�c4 Etd5 48.f3 d6 49.e4 Etc5+ 50.�d3 d5 51.E{d4 dxe4 52.fxe4 g4 53.E{d8 �f4 54.f6 Etc1 55.Etd5 Etc8 56.Etf5+ �g3 57.f7, 1-0

Loss of a pawn is no longer to be avoided, as Axc6 was threatened and the knight can neither move nor be pro­ tected.

Akiva Rubinstein

266

(337) Bartisz - Rubinstein Pistyan ( 1 3) 1 9 1 2 French Exchange [CO l ] 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4.4)f3 Ad6 5.Ad3 Ag4 6.Ae3 .£Je7 7.o-o .£l bc 6 8 . c 3 �d7 9 . E{ e 1 0 - 0 1 0 . 4) bd 2 4) g6 1 1 . �b 3 4) ce7 12.c4 c6 13.Ag5 f6 14.Ah4 4) xh4 1 5 . 4) x h4 Ae6 1 6 . � c 2 g6 1 7 . 4) hf3 Af7 1 8 . E{ e 2 E{ fe8

Pistyan 1 9 1 2 19.E!ael 'iti'g7 20.c5 Ac7 21 ./ilfl /il gS 2 2 . E! x eS E! x eS 2 3 . E! x eS A x eS 24. �e2 /ilh6 25./ile3 'ilf7 26.h3 /ildS 27.�d2 /ile6 2S.g3 h5 29.h4 �f7 30./ilg2 Ad7 31.�e3 �eS 3 2 . /il ge l /il d S 3 3 . � x eS A x es 34.'ifi'fl Ad7 35.'ifi'e2 Ag4 3 6 . 'ifi' e 3 /il e6 3 7 . /il h 2 Jlh3 3S.Afl A xf1 39./il xfl g5 40./ilg2 'iti'g6 4t .'ifi'd3 Ads 42./ild2 Ac7 43./ilfl g4 44./ilge3 f5 45./ilg2 f4 46.gxf4 Axf4 47.a4 Act 4S.'ifi'c3 Ah6 49./ild2 'iti'f5 50. /il b3 'ifi'e4 51./ilel a6 52./ila5 Ag7 53./il xb7 A x d4+ 54.'ifi'c2 /il x c 5 5 5 . /il xc5 Axc5 56./ild3 Ae7, 0- 1

(338) Rubinstein - E. Cohn Pistyan ( 1 4) 1 9 1 2 English [A28] l .c4 e5 2 . /il c3 /il f6 3 . /il f3 /ilc6 4.e3 Ae7 5.d4 exd4 6./il x d4 0-0 7.Ae2 Ab4?! S.0-0 A xc3 9.bxc3 d5 10.cxd5 /il xd5 1 1 . /il xc6 bxc6 12.�d4! Ae6 13.Aa3 E!eS 14.Af3 �g5 15. �c5 Ag4 16.Axg4 � xg4 1 7 . � x c6 � h 5 l S . E! a d l E! adS 1 9 . �c 5 /il f6 20 . � x h 5 /il x h 5 2 l . E! d4 E! x d4 2 2 . c x d4 E! e 6 23.E!cl c 6 24.d5, 1-0

(339)

P. Johner - Rubinstein Pistyan ( 1 5) 1 9 1 2 French Rubinstein [C I O]

l . e4 e6 2 . d 4 d5 3 . /il c3 d x e4 4 . /il x e4 /il d 7 5 . /il f3 /il gf6 6 . /il x f6+ /il x f6 7.Ad3 b6 S.0-0 Ab7 9 . �e 2 Ae7 1 0 . b 3 0-0 l l . A b 2 � d 5 1 2 . A a6 �e4 13.� xe4 A x e4 14./ile5 Axc2

267

15 . .§acl is equal. 15 ... Ad6 16.f3 /ild5 17.Ab7 E!aeS 1 S . /il x a7 E! b S 1 9 . Ac 6 /il b4 2 0 . Ae4 A x e4 2 l . f x e4 Et a S 2 2 . /il b 5 /il x a 2 2 3 . A a 3 A x a3 24. E! x a 2 Ab4 2 5 . E! e 2 c5 26.d5 E!fdS 27.E!dl E!d7, 0- 1

(340) Rubinstein - Marshall Pistyan ( 1 6) 1 9 1 2 Queen 's Pawn [D02] l.d4 d5 2./ilf3 /ilf6 3.Af4 c5 4.c3 c x d4 5 . /il x d4 /il c 6 6 . e 3 �b6 7.�b3 � xb3 S.axb3 /il xd4 9.exd4 e6 10./ild2 Ae7 ll .Ae2, Draw

(34 1 ) Balla - Rubinstein Pistyan ( 1 7) 1 9 1 2 French Exchange [CO l ] l . e4 e 6 2 . d4 d 5 3 . e x d 5 e x d 5 4.Ad3 Ad6 5./ilf3 /ilf6 6.o-o o-o 7.Ag5 Ag4 S./ilbd2 /il bd7 9.c3 c6 10.�c2 �c7 l l .E!fel E!feS 1 2.h3 A h 5 1 3 . E! x eS + E! x eS 1 4 . E! e l E! x e l + 1 5 . /il x e l Jlg6 1 6 . A x g6 hxg6 17./ilef3 /ilfS 1S.Jl xf6 gxf6 19. �dl /ile6 20.g3, Draw

Breslau 1912 While most found Rubinstein's play in 1 9 1 2 superb, there were a few dissenters. One was the German master Paul Saladin Leonhardt ( 1 877- 1 934), to whom Elo assigns a historical rating of 2500. The following article appeared in the November 1 9 1 2 issue of the British Chess Magazine. According to Dr. Tarrasch, Rubinstein the victor of San Sebastian, Pistyan, and Breslau, is a chess genius of a very high order. His distinction is due to an imperturbable temperament, and a remarkably clear, deep and sound appraisement of posi­ tion. "His play," says the Doctor, "is to every expert, as, for example, to myself, a matter for admiration." Dr. Lasker also does not withhold his praise of the Russian champion, and characterises his games as marvelous. Leonhardt, however, thinks otherwise, and in the Hamburger Nachrichten discounts the utterances of these two high authori­ ties. "Dr. Tarrasch 's praise is bestowed," he contends, patronisingly, "with the idea of claiming Rubinstein as a pupil of his own, and deriving a reflected glory for himself in the fact. "In pleasant contrast to Dr. Tarrasch," continues Herr Leonhardt, "one must concede matter-of-factness in the champion, which is evidence by which he keeps his personality in the background. If he now makes exaggerated declamations in honor of Rubin­ stein, the reason is not too far to seek. A match between him and Rubinstein is only a matter of time, and he would like to smooth its way and bring it into the best relief. Lasker recog­ nizes better than anyone the individual weaknesses of an oppo­ nent, and knows better how to profit by them, and it is incred­ ible that he should consider Rubinstein his equal, to say noth­ ing of his superior. Unless, of course, he feels age is creeping on him. "The particular weakness of Rubinstein is no longer a secret. After Spielmann had demonstrated the ease with which Rubinstein could be upset by decoying him onto unknown ground, and pestering him with attacks, newcomers such as Banisz and Lowcki resorted in the Breslau tourney to the same

Breslau 1 9 1 2 tactics. Lowcki, by help o f this recipe, was completely success­ ful in disconcerting the Russian master, and won a game from him that even Dr. Tarrasch described as 'very weakly played ' by Rubinstein. And Banisz, by similar but in this case much looser and more unsoundly conducted tactics, succeeded in so upsetting Rubinstein 's equanimity that he played like a novice, overlooked a winning position, and only won because his op­ ponent finally tried to force the game. Now, 'very weak' games of this character by Rubinstein are by no means so infrequent. He gave two instances of very weak play (against Freiman and Alapin) at the All-Russian tourney in Vilna. As soon as he is on unfamiliar ground he shows surprising weakness both in the management of the game and in its tactical conduct . . . He has a wonderful eye for the microscopic in chess, but his pupil is too weak to see at a distance. He therefore confines himself to a few openings, and is a specialist in endings . . . "Rubinstein himself, who is possessed of a clear head, and who is averse to ego culture a Ia Tarrasch, and well knows the bounds of his talent, would be quick to disagree with Tarrasch 's ap­ praisement of him as a genius. Genius is creative, sees and com­ bines visions, is original and catholic, so far as possible. If one may speak of genius in connection with chess, then you may concede it to Morphy, Steinitz, Pillsbury, and Lloyd. But to call Rubinstein a genius is a perversion of words. Rubinstein has a reproductive, eclectic and critical talent, by means of which, aided by immense industry, an iron will and a suitable disposi­ tion, he has climbed to the summit of success. To speak of him as a genius is nothing less than sheer thoughtless worshipping of success." There is a little bit of truth to what Leonhardt says, but Rubinstein's excel­ lent results and superlative play speak for themselves. For those who are cu­ rious, Leonhardt and Rubinstein met 1 0 times over the board from Ostende 1 906 through Pistyan 1 9 1 2 . The total score was +6,=3 ,- 1 for Rubinstein, who scored 5 Yl points from their last six meetings. Dr. Siegbert Tarrasch (at right)

269

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (342) Rubinstein - Barasz Breslau ( 1 ) 1 9 1 2 Modem [B06]

3 9 . c x d 3 �ab8 40 . 'IA' x a7 � x b2+ 4 1 . 'it>h 3 �db8 42. 'IA' e 3 � c 2 4 3 .'IA'd4+ .£ld5??

Notes by Leonhardt. 1 .d4 d6 2.e4 .£ld7 3.g3 e5 4 .£le2 g6 5 . Ag2 Ag7 6.o-o h 5 ? 1 7 .h3 .£l e 7 8 . f4 e x d4 9 .£l x d4 .£l f8 1 0 .£l c 3 Ad7 1 1 . dle3 'IA'c8 1 2 . 'i;t>h 2 f5 1 3 . e x f5 g xf5 14.h4 'i;t>d8 1 5 . � e 1 Ac6 1 6 .£l x c 6 + b xc6?1 1 7 .Ad4 A x d4 1 8. 'IA' x d4 �g8 19. 'IA'f6 'IA'd7 20.�e3? •

•

•

After 4 3 . . . 'it'c7 4 4 . § x e 7 + <£\ x e 7 45 .'ltie5+ 'it'c8 46.'ltixe7 § bb2, White is forced to make a draw by perpetual check . [Authors: In case of 43 . . . 'it'c7 White has 44.a4!?, and if 44 . . . §bb2 45 .§cl ! main­ taining winning chances.]

•

White misses an immediate win by 20 . .1lxc6 'ltixc6 2 l .'ltixe7+ 'it'c8 22 .'ltit7 § h8 23.'ltig7, etc. 20

• . .

44.�e51 �bb2

If 44 . . . <£\ge7 45.§ xe7! 'it'xe7 46.'ltie5+ and White wins. 45. 'IA' xd5+ 'i;t>c7 46. 'IA'f7+, 1-0

(343) Burn - Rubinstein Breslau (2) 1 9 1 2 French Exchange [CO l ]

.£lfg6 21.�ae1 'IA'e8

Better is 2 1 . . . § b8, avoiding the follow­ ing attack.

1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4 .£lf3 Ad6 5 . Ad3 Ag4 6 .£l bd2 .£lc6 7.c3 'IA'e7+ 8.'IA'e2 'IA' xe2+ 9.Axe2 .£l ge7 10 .£lf1 0-0 11 .£le3 Ad7 1 2.dl_dl?l �ae8 13.0-0 .£la5 14.b4 .£l c4 1 5 .a4 c6 1 6 .£l x c4 d x c4 1 7 .£l d 2 dl,e6 1 8 . Ae 2 .£l d 5 1 19.Ab2 •

22 .£l b 5 1 'IA'f8 2 3 . '1A'e 6 'IA'g7 24 .£l x d6! c x d6 2 5 . 'IA' x d6+ 'i;t>c8 26.Axc6? •

•

White misses again a forced win by 26 . .1lfl ! a5 27.§b3 and 28 . .1la6+. 26

• • •

. • •

•

•

•

•

�ds 27.Ab7+?

If 1 9 . <£\xc4 <£\ x c 3 2 0 . <£\ x d6
Instead, 27.'ltic5 wins easily. 27

•

'i;t> x b7 28.�b3+??

After 28.§ xe7+ c8 29. 'IA'c5+ 'i;t>d7 30. 'IA'b5+ 'i;t>d6 31.�d3+ 'it>c7 32.'1A'a5+ 'i;t>b7 3 3 . � b 3 + 'i;t>c8 3 4 . 'IA' c 5 + 'i;t>d7 3 5 . 'IA' b 5 + 'i;t>d6 36. 'IA' b 7 'IA'd4 3 7 . � be3 'IA'd5 3 8 . E! d 3 � x d3

19 J;l x b41 20.�fc1 .£lf41 21 .Afl dl_d6 2 2 .£l x c4 A x c4 2 3 . A x c4 .£l e 2 + 24 . A x e 2 � x e 2 2 5 . A a3 A xa3 26. � x a3 �fe8 27.'i;t>fl �b2 28.�e1 'i;t>f8 •••

•

•••

270

According to Leonhardt, more exact is 28 . . . § xe l + 29.'it'xel aS! . 29.a5 f! x e l + 30.� x el a 6 3 l .c4

Breslau 1 9 1 2 ctle7 3 2 .§e3+ ctld7 33.E!f3 ctle7 3 4 . § e 3 + ct}f8 3 5 . § e 2 § b l + 36.ct}d2 § a 1 37.E!e5 f 6 38.§c5 ct}e7 39.h4 E!a3 40.§h5 h6 41.g3 ct}e6 42.§c5 g6 43.ct}e2?

Now the game transposes into a bad e d i t i on of the K i n g ' s Gamb i t . Leonhardt recommends in the tourna­ ment book 4 . . :�e7, followed by . . . g6 and . . .llg7.

L e o n h ardt re c o m m e n d s 4 3 . h 5 g 5 44.�e2 .

5 . -'l, x f4 .£! gf6 6 . .£J c 3 .£Jb6 7.a4 �e7? s.Ad3 h6 9.0-o Ag4 10.h3 Ah5 l l .a5 .£lbd7

43 ... h51 44.ct}d2?

White 's last chance was the immediate 44.f3 and 44.g4. 44 ... ct}d6 45. ct}e2 ctlc7 46.f3 b6 47 . a x b6 ct} x b6 4 8 . g4 h x g4 49.fxg4 f!g3 50.g5 fxg5 5 1 . § xg5

.

Black has played originally, but the re­ sulting position is clearly in White 's favor. 1 2.e51 dxe5 13.dxe5 �b4 14.�c1 -'l, x f3 1 5 . § x f3 � c 5 + 1 6 . ct} h 1 .£l d 5 1 7. .£J xd5 � xd5

Also hopeless is 5 1 .hxg5 a 5 . 5 1 ... § xg5 52.hxg5

5 2 . . . ct} a 5 1 5 3 . ctl d 3 ct}b4 5 4 . d 5 cxd5 55.cxd5 ctlc5 56.ct}e4 ct}d6 57. ct}d4 a5 58. ct}c4 a4 59. ct}b4 ct} x d5 60.ct}xa4 ct}e4 61.ct}b4 ct}f4 6 2 . ct}c4 ct} x g 5 6 3 . ctld 3 ct}f4 64. ct}e2 ctlg3, 0-1

(344) Rubinstein - Breyer Breslau (3) 1 9 1 2 King's Gambit (C34] 1 .d4 d6 2.e4 .£ld7 3.f4 e5 4 . .£Jf3 e x f4?

271

1 8 . e6 ! f x e 6 1 9 . -'l, x c7 4) e 5 2 0 . -'l, x e 5 � x e5 2 1 . -'l, g 6 + ct}d7 2 2 . § e3 � c 5 23. � d 2 + Ad6 24.§d1 §adS 25.b4 �c7 26.Af7

White wins more quickly with 26 . .§ xe6! � x e 6 2 7 . �d 5 + �d7 ( o r 27 . . . �f6 28.�f5+ �e7 29.�f7+ mate) 28.�f5+ 'c6 29.b5+ mate. 26 . . . § hf8 2 7 . -'l, x e6 + ct}e7 2 8 . A d 5 + ct}d7 2 9 . E! c 3 �b8 30. �d4 §f6 3 1 . �g4+ ct}e8 3 2 . � x g7 Ae5 3 3 . E! e 3 �d6 34. § x e 5 + 1 � x e5 3 5 . .ilf7+ ct}e7 36.Ah5+ �e6 37.-'l,g4+, 1-0

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (345) Schlechter - Rubinstein Breslau (4) 1 9 1 2 Queen's Gambit Declined [037 ]

l .e4 e 5 2 . Ac4 4) f6 3 .d4 e x d4 4 . .£lf3 .£! xe4 5. �xd4 4)f6 6 . .1l,g5 Ae7 7 . .£lc3 4)c6

t .d4 d5 2.l�)f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.4)c3 Ae7 5.Af4 0-0 6.e3 c5 7.E!ct .£!c6 8.Ad3 dxc4 9.Axc4 cxd4 10.exd4 b6 1 1 .0-0 .ll,b7 1 2.a3 E!c8 13.Aa2 �d7 14.Ae3 4)g4 1 5 . �e2 Ad6 t6.E!cd1 4) xe3 17.fxe3 4)e7 18.e4 .£Jg6 t9 . .£lg5 Af4 20. �h5 Ae3+ 2 1 . � h l A x g 5 2 2 . � x g 5 �e7 23. �xe7 .£! xe7 24.d5 exd5 25.exd5 4)g6 26.E!fel E!fd8 27.�gl �f8 28.E!d2 E!d7 29.E!e3 E!cd8 30.�f2 4) f4 3 1 . E! e 5 f6 3 2 . E! e4 4) g6 3 3 . E! a4 .ll, c 6 34. E! ad4 4) e7 35.E!dl Ab7 36.E!td2 g6 37.E!a4 Ac6 38.E!ad4 �g7 39.Ab3, Draw

(T) Another line of defense is 7 . . . c6 8 . 0-0-0 d5, or 7 . . . 0-0 8.0-0-0 c6, etc. 8. �h4 d6 9.0-0-0 Ae6 10 . .1l,d3

(T) If 1 o . ;g he 1 .ll x c4 1 1 ..1lxf6 .lle 6, again closing the e-file. to ... �d7 1 1.Ab5

(M) Preventing B lack from castling long and threatening 1 2 .4Je5. (T) Prevents 1 1 . . . 0-0-0, after which would fol low 1 2.<�j e 5 'i'i'Ye8 1 3 . 4Jxc6 bxc6 1 4 . .1la6+ 'it'd7 1 5 .4Ja4 (threaten­ ing mate), and the king hunt has only begun.

(346) Rubinstein E. Cohn Breslau (5) 1 9 1 2 French Exchange [CO l ] -

1 1 ... 0-0 12.4)d4

l .d4 e6 2.e4 d5 3 . .£lc3 4)f6 4.exd5 e x d 5 5 . Ag 5 Ae7 6 . A d 3 4) c 6 7.4)ge2 .£l b4 8.0-0 4) xd3 9.�xd3 0 - 0 1 0 . .£l g3 h6 l l . Af4 c6 12.E!ael Ad6 13.Ae5 4)e8 14.f4 f6 1 5 . A x d6 4) x d6 1 6 .f5 Ad7 17 . .£lh5 Ae8 18.4)f4 Af7 19.4)e6 A x e6 2 0 . f x e 6 �e7 2 1 .g4 h 5 22.gxh5 f 5 23.4)e2 � x e6 24.4)f4 �h6 25.4)g6 E!fe8 26. �h3 �d2 2 7 . � h4 E!e4 28 . E! x e4 d x e4 29 . .£l e7 + � h 7 3 0 . 4) x f5 .£! x f5 3 l . E! x f5 � x d4 + 3 2 . �g 2 E!e8 33. �g5 E!e6 34.E!f7 E!d6 35. �f5+ �h6 36. �f4+ �h7 37. �f5+ �h6 38.�f4+ �h7, Draw

(T) Preventing above a l l 1 2 . . . .1lf5 ( 1 3.4Jxf5 'i'i'Yxf5 14 . .1ld3 and wins). In­ effective would be 1 2 .4Je5 'i'i'Ye8. 12 ... a6 1 3.Ad3 .£le5 14.f4

(S) A m istake would be 1 4 . .1lxh7+? 4Jxh7 15 . .1lxe7 4Jg6, and B lack wins a piece. 14 ... 4) xd3+ 15.E! xd3 c51

(T) In order to be able to place his bishop at f5 , for if at once 15 . . . .1lf5 1 6 . ;g e3 .§. ae8 17.;g xe7 ;g xe7 1 8 . .1lxf6 gxf6 19.4Jd5, and Black is at bay. 16.E!g31

(34 7) Mieses - Rubinstein Breslau (6) 1 9 1 2 Bishop 's Opening [C24]

(T) Seeing that his opponent is not amenable, White intensifies his attack. I f n o w 1 6 . . . c x d 4 1 7 . .1l x f6 .ll x f6 1 8 .�xf6 g6 1 9 .�xd4, etc.

Notes by Tartakover (T), M ieses (M), and Schlechter (S). 272

O

I

0

?. Spielmann

8. Banisz

O

0

0

0

0

O

0

1 4. Levitsky

1 5 .Carl<>

1 6 . Lowcki

1 7. K . Treybal

1 8. Balla

1

0

0

0

y,

0

y,

1 3 . E. Cohn

12

1 2 . Burn

I I . Przepi6rka

0

O y,

V>

0

0

0

y,

0

y,

0

0

Y,

Y2

Y,

Y,

y,

0

12

0

O

O

Y,

O

Y,

9. Breyer

Y,

I O. Mieses

0

Y,

x

Y2

Y2 Y,

Y2

I

Y2

0

0

Y,

O

6. Marshall

Y2 Y2

5. Tarrasch

4. Schlechter

x

Y2 Y2 Y2

x

O

V> V>

2. Rubinstein

0

I

0

I

y,

0

0

0

0

0

Y,

1

X

Y2

0

0

y2

y,

X

3 . Teiclnnann

1 . Duras

5

4

3

2 0

7

8

0

0

V>

0

0

0

0

I

12

Y,

X

O

Y2

Y,

y,

0

O

1

I

0

y,

0

1

1

0

y,

Y2

0

Y,

y,

0

0

0

0

0

Y,

Y,

y,

0

1

x

Y,

Y2

0

0

12

Y,

0

Y,

l

X

O

0

0

0

0

Y,

0

I

x

0

I

Y,

0

12 Y2

y,

y, y,

y2

0

y2 y,

9

12

1

V> Y2

I

x

Y,

l

0 O

x

0

y,

Y2 Y2 Y2

6

Breslau 1 9 1 2 July 1 4 - August 7

0

1

0

Y,

Y,

0

x

O

Y,

V>

Y,

0

2

3 1

I

4

1

0

0

0

X

Y,

O

0

y, y,

1

1

Y2

0

X

O

0

1

Y,

y,

y,

y2 y,

y,

Y,

Y,

0

0

Y,

x

Y2

Y2

y,

0

0

y,

1

I

5

y,

0

X

Y,

0

Y2

I

I

I

x

1

I

0

0

1

X

0

Y,

I

y,

Y2

I

I

Y2

y, y,

Y2

0

4

5

6

6 12

7

7

7 12

8 Y2

8 Y2

8 12

8 12

9

9 Y2

II

II

1 1 12

12

12

8 Total

Y2 Y,

I

I

7

Y2 Y,

0

0

I

6

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King t6 ...
23 ...gxf6 24.t:/xh6 Jlg6!

(M) After 1 7.
( M ) Not 24 . . . fx g 5 ? 2 5 . tH6 + 'i1i'g8 26.f!.e7! and White wins. 25.4) x h7!

17 ... 4)g8 18.J:l, xe7 t:/ x e7 19.4Jg5 4)h6

(T) This sacrifice, a sequel to the pre­ ceding one (23.
( S ) F o r c e d , b e c a u s e if 1 9 . . .
25 ... Jl x h7 26.§g31

(T) A magnificent point. White's linear pressure culminates in a double threat of mate (i£rg7 or i£rxf6).

20.§el t:/d7 21.§ge3 §fe8

(T) The sequel will show that 2 l . . . .§. ae8 had some points in its favor.

26 ... § xel+ 27.
22.4)ce4 Af5

(T) A pretty resource which saves Black from defeat. 28.
(T) White cannot take the rook, other­ wise 28 . . . i£re6+, followed by 29 . . . f!.g8, parries all threats. And if 28.'i1i'c l , then not hastily 28 . . .§. xc2+ 29.'iff d l , but calmly 28 . . . f!.el +, continuing his series of checks. .

28 ... §el, Draw 23.4)f6!

(T) The break-up sacrifice was so to speak "in the air" ever since B lack's 1 9th move, but now it is reinforced by the unmasking of the e-file. The thrill­ ing play hereafter offers an attractive illustration of well-balanced attack and defense - both perfectly conducted.

(348) Rubinstein - Duras Breslau (7) 1 9 1 2 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D3 3 ] l .c4 e 6 2.4)c3 d 5 3.d4 c5 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . 4J f3 4) c 6 6 .g 3 c x d4 7 . 4) x d4 Jlc 5 8 . Jl e3 Jl x d4 9 . Jl x d4 l£1 x d4 1 0 . � x d4 l£1 f6 l l.Ag2 Ae6 1 2.0-o o-o 13.§fdt

274

Breslau 1 9 1 2 �e7 14.§d2 §fd8 15.§ad1 §d7 16.h3 h6 17.g4 §adS 18.�e5 b6 19.f4 �c5+ 20. �d4 g6 21.g5 hxg5 2 2 . f x g 5 � x d4+ 23 . § x d4 � h 5 24.� xd5 ct;g7 25.e3 �g3 26.ct;f2 �f5 27.§4d3 .Q.xd5 28 . .Q.xd5 §c7 29 . .Q.b3 § xd3 30.§ xd3 ct;f8 3 1.e4 � g7 3 2 . § f3 � e8 3 3 . e 5 ct;g7 34. ctle3 §e7 35. ct;d4 �c7 36.§f6 §d7+ 37.ct;e4 �a6 38.§d6 �c5+ 3 9 . ct;f4 � d 3 + 40 . ct; e4 � c 5 + 4 t . ct;d4 � x b 3 + 4 2 . a x b3 §c7 43.e6 fxe6 44.§ xe6 ct;f7 45.§f6+ ct;g7 4 6 . § f 2 § c 1 4 7 . h 4 § h 1 4 8 . § f4 § h 2 4 9 . ctl c 3 § h 3 + 5 0 . ct; c 2 b 5 5 1 . § b4 a 6 5 2 . § f4 ct;h8 5 3 . §f6 ct;g7 54. §f4 ct;g8 55.b4 ctlg7 56.ct;c1 §h2 57.ct;b1 §h1+ 58.ct;c2 §h3 59.ct;b1 §h1+ 6 0 . ct; a 2 §h3 6 t . ct; b 1 § h 1 + 62.ct;a2 §h3 63.b3 §h2+ 64.ct;a3 §h1 65.§d4 ct;f7 66.§d7+ ct;e6 67.§a7 ctlf5 68.§h7
A blunder. Trying to win this drawn endgame, Rubinstein steps across the margin of safety and falls into a lost position. This is not the first time that this has happened to Rubinstein. Some­ times his will to win is so strong that it blocks out any sense of danger. His game with Salwe from Pistyan 1 9 1 2 (game # 3 3 1 ) i s a good example of Rub instein letting down his guard (64 . . .l.txa4?) but getting away with it. 76 ... § x h4 77.§ x a6 §e41 78.§c6 §e5 79 .§c5 ct;f4 80.ct;b2 § xg5 81.ct;c3 §f5 82.ct;d3 g5 83.ct;e2 ct;e4 8 4 . § c 8 g4 8 5 . §g8 ct;f4 8 6 . ct;f 2 ct;e4+ 8 7 . ct; e 2 ct; f4 88.ct;f2 §d5 89.§f8+
ct;d3 9 1 . § xg4 ctlc3 92.ct;e1 ct; xb3 93.ct;e2 ctlc3 94.ct;e1 §h5 95.
(349) PrzepiOrka - Rubinstein Breslau (8) 1 9 1 2 Sicilian [840] l . e4 c5 2 . � f3 e6 3 . d4 c x d4 4.� xd4 �f6 5.�c3 .Q.b4 6 . .Q.d3 d5 7.e5 � fd7 8 . �g4 g6 9 . .Q.f4 �c6 10.� xc6 b x c6 1 1 .0-0 .Q.f8 1 2 . § fe 1 .Q.g7 1 3 . � a4 �c7 14.�g3 c5 1 5 .c4 d4 16.b3 .Q.b7 17.§e2 0-0 18.§ae1 a5 19.�b2 � b6 2 0 . a4 � d 7 2 1 . .Q. c 2 � b8 2 2 . � d3 � a6 23 .f3 �b6 24.h4 � b4 2 5 . � x b4 � x b4 2 6 . § d 1 §fd8 27.§d3 §d7 28.�f2 �b6 2 9 . � e 1 �c7 3 0 . � g3 ct;h8 31 .ct;h2 §g8 32 . .Q.g5 h6 33 . .Q.f6 g 5 3 4 . h 5 .Q. x f6 3 5 . e x f6 g4 36.�xc7 § xc7 37.f4 §cc8 38.ct;g3 §gd8 39.§e5 §g8 40 . .Q.d1 .Q.a8 4 t . § d 2 §c6 42 . .Q. x g4 § b 6 4 3 . § d 3 .Q. x g 2 44. ct; x g2 § x g4+ 4 5 . ctlf3 §h4 4 6 . ct; g3 § h 1 47. § x c 5 § c 1 48. § c 8 + ctlh7 49.§d8 §c3 50 . § 8 x d4 § b x b3 51.§ xc3 § x c3+ 52.ct;g4 §a3 53.c5 §c3 5 4 . § e4 Et x c5 5 5 . §e5 §c4 56.§ xa5 e51 57.§ xe5 § x a4, Draw

(350) Rubinstein - Levitsky Breslau (9) 1 9 1 2 Queen 's Gambit Declined [046] Notes by Schlechter (S ), and Authors (A). (A) The Russian hi storian Maizel i s m i s t a k e n l y c l a i m s ( Sh akh m atny

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King

Byuletin 91 1 962, p. 2 84) that this game was played at Vilna 1 9 1 2 . We follow the tournament book, from which the annotations by Schlechter are also taken.

13.E!ad1 Ac7?

(S) After 1 3 . . .
1 .d4 d5 2.4)f3 e6 3.c4 c6 4.e3 4)f6 5.Jld3 Ad6 6.4)bd2 4) bd7 7.e4 dxe4

(S) A very interesting position arises after 7 . . . e5 8.exd5 cxdS 9.cxd5 exd4 10.
14.�c51 b6 1 5 . �b4 a 5 1 6 . �c3 Jlf5

8.4) x e4 4) xe4 9.Axe4 e5

(A) Premature. Black should castle first. 1 0 . 0 - 0 e x d4 12.Ae3

1 l . � x d4

�f6

( S ) Or 1 6 . . .
( A ) R e c e n t theory r e c o m m e n d s 1 2 .�dl ! with advantage. 1 2 . . . 4)e5?1

(S) This loses quickly. White must ex­ change the queen s , e v e n if after 12 ... �xd4 1 3 .�xd4 0-0 1 4 . f:i adl his position is disadvantageous. (A) According to ECO, Schlechter 's variation leads to an equal game after 14 . . . �e7 1 5 .f:i fe l �f6 1 6.�f5 �xd4 1 7 .
17.Ag51 �e6

( S ) B etter was 1 7 . . .
(35 1 ) Rubinstein K. Treybal Breslau ( I 0) 1 9 1 2 Queen 's Pawn [D02] -

Notes by Schlechter.

276

1.d4 d5 2.�f3 �f6 3. Jlf4 e6 4.e3 Ad6 5.�bd 2 0-0 6. Ad3 c5 7.c3

Breslau 1 9 1 2 A x f4 S.exf4 c x d4 9 . .£) x d4 .£)c6 10 . .£) 2f3 'li\'d6 l l .'li\'d2 a6?!

Black overlooked that after 27 . . . .§ xe5 White wins by 28.'li1f4 + .

With 1 1 . . .4:Jxd4 Black can equalize eas­ ily; for example: 1 2 . 4:Jxd4 e5 1 3 .fxe5 'li1xe5 +, etc. [Authors : After 1 4 . 'li1e2, W h i t e stan d s s l i g h t l y better. ] Or 1 2 . cxd4 4:Je4! 1 3 .�xe4 dxe4 1 4.4:Jg5 ( 1 4.4:Je5 �d7) 14 . . . .§d8 1 5 . .§ d l 'li1d5 1 6.b3 �d7, followed by �c6.

28.'li\'{4 .§xe5 29..§xe5 .§xe5 30.'/i\'xe5 'li\'d7 31 . .£lg5 .£)e8 3 2 . 'li\'hS+ Cit'e7 33. '/i\' x h7+ Cit'd6 34.'/i\' xd7+ Cit'xd7 35.Cit'f3 .£lf6 36.Cit'f4 c5 37.f3 Cit'c6 3 S .g4 A c 2 3 9 . Cit'e3 c4 40 . Cit' d 2 A d 3 4 1 . .£) e6 .£l d 7 42 . .£) f4 .£l e 5 4 3 . .£) xd3 cxd3 44.h5, 1-0

1 2 . 0 - 0 Ad7 1 3 . .§ fe 1 .§adS 1 4 . .§ e 2 .£lh5 1 5 .g3 g6 1 6 . Cit'g2 AcS 17.h4 f6

(352) Tarrasch - Rubinstein Breslau ( 1 1 ) 1 9 1 2 Giuoco Piano [C50]

The fight in the next moves will be around the e5 - square. If B lack succeeds in promoting . . . e6-e5, he will have a good game. 1S . .§ a e 1 .£l g7 19 . .§e3 .§ feS 20. 'li\'e2 Cit'f7 2 1 .a3 .§e7 2 2.Ab1 .§deS 23.Aa2 Cit'fS 24.'li\'d21

24 ... e5?

Black thinks that now is the right mo­ ment for the thematic advance. In fact, just the opposite is true. This move is the decisive mistake. Instead, deserv­ ing consideration was 24 . . . b5, prevent­ ing the possible breakthrough c3-c4. 2 5 . .£) x c 6 b x c6 27 . .§ xe51 Af5

26.fxe5

fxe5

l .e4 e5 2 . .£l f3 .£)c6 3 . Ac4 .£)f6 4 . .£)c3 Ac5 5.d3 d6 6.Ae3 Ab6 7 . '/i\' d 2 Ag4 S .h 3 A x f3 9 .g x f3 .£)d4 10.A xd4 Axd4 1 1 . .£)e2 Ab6 12.f4 'li\'e7 13 . .§fl 0-0-0 14.0-0-0 d5 1 5 .e x d5 .£) xd5 1 6.fxe5 'li\' x e5 1 7 .d4 'li\'f6 1S.Ad3 c6 1 9 . Cit' b 1 .§heS 20.c3 h 5 21 . .£)g3 g6 22 . .£)e2 dlc7 2 3 .c4 .£l e7 2 4 . 'li\'c3 Cit'bS 25.'/i\'b3 'li\'f3 26. .£)g1 'li\'f6 27. .£)e2 .§d7 2S.Cit'a1 'li\'f3 29 . .£l g 1 'li\'g2 3 0 . A e 2 .§ e d S 3 1 . A f 3 'li\' h 2 3 2 .d5 cxd5 33.cxd5 Ab6 34 . .§d2 .§ c S 3 5 . a 3 .§ c 5 36 . .§fd 1 .£l f 5 37.'/i\'a4 'li\'c7 3 S. .£) e 2 .§c4 39.'/i\'b3 .§ d 6 40 . .£l c 3 .§d7 4 t . d 6 'li\'cS 4 2 . A d 5 .§d4 43 . A x f7 .§ 7 x d6 44 . .§ x d4 .£) x d4 4 5 . '/i\'a4 'li\'c6 46 . '/i\' x c6 b x c6 47 . .§ g 1 .§f6 4S . A x g6 .£l f3 49 . .£l e4 .§ f4 50 . .§h1 .£le5 51.Ah7 .£ld3 52 . .§d1 .£l xf2 53 . .£l xf2 A x f2 54.Ag6 h4 5 5 . A h 5 Ad4 56 . .§ d 2 Cit'c7 57.Cit'a2 a5 5S.Ag4 Cit'b6 59 . .§e2 c 5 60.Ae6 .§ f3 6 t . Ag4 .§ g3 62.Ae6 Cit'c6 63.Cit'b1 , Draw

(353) Rubinstein - Balla Breslau ( 1 2) 1 9 1 2 Sicil ian Four Knights [B45] l . d4 e 6 2 .£) f3 c5 3 . e4 c x d4 •

277

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 4.4) xd4 �c6 5.4)c3 4)f6 6.�db5 .i}.b4 7 . a 3 -'l. x c3 + S . 4) x c 3 d 5 9.exd5 � xd5 10.� xd5

(3 54) Spielmann - Rubinstein Breslau ( 1 3 ) 1 9 1 2 Sicilian [B29]

More often seen i s 1 O . .Jld2 , as in Fischer-Addison, US (ch) 1 962/6 3 , which continued 1 0 . . .
1 .e4 c5 2.d4 cxd4 3.�f3 4)f6 4.e5 4)d5 5.4) xd4 �c6 6.Ac4? �a5+ 7.c3 � b6 S.-'l.b3 � xe5+ 9.-'l.e3 e6 1 0 . 0 - 0 -'l.e7 1 1 . 4) x c 6 b x c6 1 2 . .i}.d4 �f4 13.lael f6 14.4)d2 d5 1 5.a4 c5 16.a5 4)c41 17.Aa4+ �f7 1S.Ae3 4) xe3 19.la x e3 lafS 20.Ac6 labS 21 . .i}.xd5 ladS!

10 ... � x d5 1 1 .� xd5 exd5 1 2 . .1l,e3

Not 2 l . . .exd5, because of 22.�h5 + .

ECO gives 1 2 . .llf4 Af5 1 3 .'it1d2 with a slight edge for White.

2 2 . la a4 � g 5 2 3 . Ac4 la x b 2 24.Ad3 Aa6! 25.la g4 la xd2, 0- 1

1 2 . . . .i}.e6 1 3 .0-0-0 0-0 14.-'l.d3 4)e5 15 . .1l,e2 la fdS 1 6 . f4 4) c 6 17.g4 f 5 1S.g5 A f7 19.-'l.f3 laacS 20.lahe1 b6 2 1 .Af2 lac7 2 2 .c3 �fS 2 3 . � c 2 g6 24.h4 � a 5 2 5 . Ad4 � c4 26.a4 la e S 27.b3 la xe1 2S.la xe1 �d6 29.Ae5 lac6 3 0 . -'l_ x d 6 + la x d6 3 l . �d 3 ladS 32.�d4

(355) Carls - Rubinstein Breslau ( 1 4) 1 9 1 2 Queen 's Pawn [D04] l .d4 d5 2 . e 3 4) f6 3 . � d 2 -'l.f5 4 . 4) gf3 e6 5 . Ae 2 4) bd7 6 . 0 - 0 Ad6 7.b3 �e4 S . .i}.b2 �f6 9.c4 c6 10.a3 0-0 l l .b4 laadS 1 2.c5 AbS 13.lae1 g5 14.laa2 �h6 1 5.�fl j}_g6 16.4)e5 f5 17.f3 4)ef6 1S.f4 �e4

If 1 8 . . . gx f4 1 9 . e x f4 � x f4? 20 . .Jlc l �h4 2 1 .
A typ i c a l R u b i n s t e i n p o s i t i o n ! (Schlechter, in the tournament book.) 32 ... lacS 33.lae5 lac7 34.Ag2 AgS 3 5 . .i}. h 1 h6 3 6 . .i}. x d 5 A x d 5 37.la xd5 h xg5 3S.h xg5 �e7 39.c4 �e6 40.a5, 1-0

19.g3 � xe5 20.dxe5 lad7 2 1 . .i}.d4 lag7 2 2 . Af3 Aes 2 3 . lag 2 Ac7 2 4 . � d 2 4) x d 2 2 5 . � x d 2 A h 5 2 6 . -'l. x h 5 � x h 5 2 7 . � d 1 � e S 2 S . �a4 a6 2 9 . la b 1 h 5 3 0 . � d 1 �hs 31.labb2 lafgS 32.Ac3 AdS 3 3 . � h 1 � g6 3 4 . A e 1 � h 6 35.�f3 .1l,e7 36.�fl �h7 37.�f3 �g6 3S. �f1 �h6 39.Ac3 �eS 40.�f3 �aS 41. �fl lag6 42. �f3 �g7 43.�dl

278

43.�xh5?? loses to 43 . . . g4

and 44 . . . Elh8.

Breslau 1 9 1 2 4 3 . . . § h S 44 . .1l e 1 'l/f7 4 5 . �f3 E!h7 4 6 . �fl �hS 4 7 . �f3 g4 4S. �d1 h4 49.gxh4 §gh6 50. �a4 'l/eS 5 1 . 'l/g 1 A x h4 5 2 . A x h4 E! x h4 53.�a5 E!h3 54.§be2 E!f3 55.E!ef2 E! xe3 56. �b6

The only move ! If 1 9 . .ll.a4 .ll.b 2. 1 9 ... § a 5 20.Ac1 Ad6 2 1 . § x a 5 �xa5 22.Ad2 � a 2 23.Aa4 �b2 2 4 . § eS § x eS 2 5 . -'t x eS A x h 2 + 2 6 . 'l; x h 2 � b S + 2 7 . 'l/g 1 � x eS 2S.�e1 �d7

B lack has won a pawn, but the posi­ tion is a draw because of the opposite­ colored bishops.

56 . . . g3 57. § xg3 § xg3+ 5S.hxg3 E!h1 + 59.'l/g2 �h3+ 60.'l/f3 E!e1, 0-1

(356) Teichmann - Rubinstein Breslau ( 1 5) 1 9 1 2 Ruy Lopez [C80] l . e4 e 5 2 . .£l f3 .£lc6 3 . A b 5 a6 4.Aa4 .£l f6 5.0-0 .£1 x e4 6.d4 b5 7 . A b 3 d5 S . a4 .£l x d4 9 . .£l x d4 e x d4 1 0 . .£l c3 .£l x c3 l l .b x c3 c5 1 2.axb5 Ae7 13.cxd4 c4 14.Aa4 0 - 0 1 5 . Af4 Af5 1 6 . c 3 a x b 5 17.A xb5 �b6 1S.§e1 Aa31

29. �e5 f6 30. �bS+ 'l/f7 31. �g3 h 5 3 2 . �h4 Ag6 3 3 . � f4 �e6 3 4 . 'l; h 2 � e 2 3 5 . �e 3 � d 1 36.�e1 �c2 37.Af4 Af5 3S.�d2 � b 1 3 9 . �e2 Ag4 40.f3 Ae6 41.Ad6 h4 42.Af4 �d3 43.�e1 h3 44.Ae3 h x g2 4 5 . 'l/ x g2 Af5 4 6 . Af4 Ag 6 4 7 . A d 2 A h 5 4S.�e3 �c2 49.�e1 g5 50.'l/g3 �d3 5 1 . �e3 �fl 5 2.Ac1 A x f3 5 3 . � x f3 � x c 1 54. � x d 5 + 'l/g7 5 5 . � x c4 � e 3 + 5 6 . 'l;g 2 g4 5 7 . � c 7 + 'l; h 6 5 S . �g3 �e4+ 5 9 . 'l/f2 �c2+ 6 0 . 'l; e 1 f5 61 .�e3+, Draw

Rub instein loses to a fe l l o w P o l e , Moishe Lowcki. (357) Rubinstein - Lowcki Breslau ( 1 6) 1 9 1 2 Dutch [A84] 1 .d4 f5 2.c4 e6 3.e3 .£lf6 4.Ad3 b6 5 . .£le2 Ab7 6.f3 Ad6 7.0-o h5 s.�e1 c 5 9 . .£l bc3 .£lc6 10 . .£lb5 AbS 1 l . b 3 a6 12 . .£l bc 3 h4 13.dxc5?? h3 14.g3 .£le5 1 5 . .£lf4 g5 1 6 . j,l e 2 g x f4 1 7 . e x f4 .£l g6 1S.Ad3 'l/f7 19.c x b6 E!gS 20.c5 .£l x f4 2 1 . Ac4 .£! 6h 5 2 2 . A x f4 A x f4 23.E!d1 �e7 24 . .£je2 Ae3+ 2 5 . 'l/ h 1 A x c 5 26 . .£l d4 E! g 5

1 9.Ae81

279

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 27."�e5 f4 28.4)f5 fxg3+ 29.hxg3 4) xg3+ 30."� xg3 .§. xg3, 0-1

a pawn. This conception, which would have occurred to but a few masters, is - as the sequel attests - indeed a bril­ liant one. The shattered pawn position proves a source of endless worry for Black.

(358) Rubinstein - Marshall Breslau ( 1 7) 1 9 1 2 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [03 3 ] Notes b y Kmoch.

16 ... bxc6 17.�d4 �d8 18.A xf6!

1.d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd5 5.4)c3 4)f6 6.g3 4)c6 7.J}.g2 c x d4 8 . 4) x d4 Ac5 9 . 4) b3 Ab4 10.0-0 A xc3 l l .bxc3 0-0 12.Ag5 Jle6

The knight might have supported an attack upon the white king. The weak­ nesses of the Black position can be ex­ ploited most easily by the heavy pieces. Rubinstein handles such positions in a manner unsurpassed.

[Authors : Recent theory recommends 12 . . . ia.g4 1 3 .h3 ia.e6 as relatively bet­ ter, though White still keeps a slight advantage.]

18 ... .§. x f6 19.� xc4 �d5 20 . .§.ac1 .§.af8 2 1 .e41 �h5 22.f41

After 22.�xc6 §. h6 23.h4 �g4 White could hardly avoid the draw.

13.4)c51 �e7 14.4) xe6 fxe6

22 ... �a5 23.e5 .§.h6 24 . .§.c2 �b6+ 2 5 .
Now begins the winning procedure.

15.c41 dxc4 16.Axc61

Rubinstein is never petty. He has emerged from the opening with two bishops and a fine position. Yet he sud­ denly gives up his fianchettoed bishop for an innocuous knight, and to this end, he even sacrifices, if only momentarily,

28 . . . � b 1 29 . .§. xc6 .§.g8 30 . .§.c8 �b7+ 3 l .
280

Vilna 1912 Russian National Tournament The fourth of Rubinstein's triumphs was not as easy as his earlier victories. His play was less consistent and he overlooked things. It seems fair to say that he may have been feeling the fa­ tigue of having played so much chess in such a brief period of time. There is no tournament book for Vilna 1 9 1 2 despite the many famous names w ho p l ay e d , and o n l y I I o f Rubinstein's 1 9 games, plus one frag­ ment, have surfaced.

4.4) xd4 Ac5 5.Ae3 Ab6 6.4)c3 d6 7 . � d 2 4) f6 8 . 4) x c6 b x c6 9 . Ag5 h6 to. Af4 4) g4 n . Ag3 �g5 12. � xg5 hxg5 13.Ac4 �e7 14.E!dl a5 15.h3 f6 16.�e2 4)e5 17.A xe5 fxe5 18.4)a4 g4 19.hxg4 A xg4+ 20.f3 Ad7 2 1 .4) xb6 cxb6 22.a3 E!ad8 23.�e3 Ac8 24.Ab3 b5 25.c3 Ad7 26.�f2 E!b8 27.E!al a4 28.Aa2 Ae6 29.A x e6 � x e6 30.�e3 d5 31.g3 g5 32.f4?! gxf4+ 3 3 .g x f4 d x e4 3 4 . � x e4 e x f4 35.� xf4

Rubinstein starts the tournament well by beating the future co-author of the classic Rook Endings in an instructive rook ending ! (359) Levenfish - Rubinstein Vilna ( 1 ) August 1 9, 1 9 1 2 Scotch [C45] l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . d4 e x d4 Vilna 1912 August 19 September 17 -

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Rubinstein Bernstein Levitsky N imzovitch Flamberg 6. Alekhine 7. Levenfish 8. Freiman 9. Alapin l O. Salwe

XX

2 12 12

Y2 12 0 12 120 00 00 00 11 10 12 12

XX

3 1 12 1 12

0 12 1 12 00 11 1 Y2 00 00 00

XX

4 12 1 012 Y2 1

120 1212 00 1 12 0 12 120 00

XX

5 11 11 12 12 12 Y2

1212 12 1 012 0 12 120 00

XX

11 00 11 120 1 12

OY2 01 120 0 12 0 12

XX

7 11 012 012 1 12 10 11

00 1 Y2 10 01

XX

8 00 11 1 12 1 12 12 1 012 12 1

120 Y20 1212

120 01

6

XX

0 Total 9 0 1 12 12 12 11 1 1 1 1 12 11 11 12 1 1 1 1 0 12 12 1 9 1 12 1 12 01 1 0 8 12 12 1 12 12 8 12 12 1 1 0 8 XX 6 12 1 120 XX 5

Note: Abram Rabinovich withdrew after playing nine games and his results were erased. He lost six games (against Rubinstein, Levitsky, Alekhine, Levenfish, Freiman, and Alapin) and drew with Bernstein, Flamberg, and Salwe.

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 35 ... �d5 36.§hd1+ �c5 37.§d2 §hfS+ 3S.�g3

Up to this point Rubinstein has played the game excellently, and has acquired such a decided superiority of position that it is difficult to understand how he could throw the game away.

Or 3 8 . 'it' e 3 t:! be 8 + 3 9 . 'it'd 3 .§ dB + 40.'it'c2 .§ xd2+ 4l .'it'xd2 t:!f2+ winning. 3S . . . §b7 39.�h2 §h7+ 40.�g1 § g7 + 4 1 . §g 2 § x g 2 + 4 2 . � x g 2 §dS 43.�f3 §d2 44.§a2 §d1

2 1 .g3?

A glaring instance again in proof of Rubinstei n ' s subordinate talent for combination. Who would have mis­ sed the decisive move 2 l .i;i
A l s o w i n n i n g i s 44 . . . 'it'c4 4 5 . b 3 + 'it'xc3 . 45.�e2 §h1 46.�d3 §g1 47.c4 §g3+, 0-1 [Source: the chess column of K. Hromadka in Zlata Praha, Feb. 1 4, 1 9 1 3]

(360) Rubinstein - Freiman Vilna (2) August 20, 1 9 1 2 French MacCutcheon [C 1 2]

2 1 ... .1lb7 22.�b4 �c5 23.�xc5 � xc5 24.,1le2 Ae41 25.�d2 0-0-0+ 2 6 . � c 1 § x d 1 + 2 7 . ,1l x d 1 �c7 2S.§h5 §aS 29 . .1le7 �b6 30.§h4 .Q. d 5 3 1 . § h7 a 5 3 2 . § x f7 b4 3 3 . a x b4 a x b4 3 4 . � d 2 § a l 3 5 . ,1le 2 § a 2 3 6 . ,1l x c 5 + � x c 5 37.�c1 c3 3S.�b1 §b2+, 0- 1

Notes by Leonhardt from The British Chess Magazine 1 9 1 2. 1 .d4 e6 2.e4 d5 3.lilc3 �f6 4. .1lg5 .1lb4 5 . e 5 h6 6. ,1lh4 g5 7 . .1lg3 �e4 S.�ge2 c5 9.a3 Aa5 10.dxc5 � xc3 1 1 . � xc3 ,1l x c3 + 1 2 . b x c3 � a 5 1 3 . �d 2 � d7 1 4 . h 4 §gS 1 5.hxg5 hxg5 16.c4 � xc5 17.§h5 d x c4 1 S . § x g5 §hS 1 9 . § d 1 b5 20.,1lh4! �c7

(36 1 ) A/apin - Rubinstein Vilna (3) August 22, 1 9 1 2 Sicilian Nimzovitch Rubinstein [B29] t .e4 c5 2 . � f3 � f6 3 . e 5 � d 5 4.�c3 � xc3 5.dxc3 � c 6 6 . .Q.c4 d6 7. ,1lf4 d x e 5 S . � x e 5 � x d 1 + 9.§xd1 � xe5 10.,1lxe5 a6 1 1 .,1lc7 ,1lg4 1 2 .{3 § c S 1 3 . .1lb6 .1lf5 14 ..1lb3 e5 15 . .1la4+ �e7 16.c4 f6 1 7 . �f2 �f7 1 S . .Q.d7 .Q. x d7 1 9 . § x d7 + ,1le7 2 0 . § h d 1 �e6 2 1 . § x b7 Jl.d6 2 2 . A a 7 §c 6 23. § x g7 a5 24 . .§b7 §aS 25.§d5 h5 26.a4 h4 27.b3 §acS 2S.§b 5, 1-0

282

Vilna 1 9 1 2 (362) Alekhine - Rubinstein Vilna (5) August 24, 1 9 1 2 Ruy Lopez [C83] Notes by Tartakover (T) and Reinfeld (R). l .e4 e 5 2 . .£) f3 .£)c6 3 . .Q. b 5 a6 4 . .Q.a4 .£)f6 5.0-0 .£) xe4 6.d4 b5 7 . .Q.b3 d5 8.dxe5 .Q.e6 9.c3 .Q.e7 10 . .£)bd2 .£lc5 ll .Ac2 .Q.g4 12.h3

(T) The most reasonable course here is 12 . .§ e l , guarding the e-pawn. [Authors : 1 2 . .§ e l was adopted by Karpov in his match against Korchnoi, Baguio 1 978.] 1 2 ... .Q.h5 13. �el?l

Alexander Alekhine

(T) Or 16.f4 d4! . (R) The more natural looking 16.f4 is answered by 1 6 . . 0-0 1 7 . 4Jb3 d4! and Black has strong initiative. .

(T) Here again 13 . .§el ensured a very good game for White.

16 ... g 51 17 . .Q.e3 0-0 18 . .£lf3 �d7 19.�d2

13 ... .£)e6 14 . .£)h2?1

(R) White intends f4, with the frightful menace of g4 and f5 . This sounds for­ midable, but it looks childish after Rubinstein's imperturbable reply. 14 ... .Q.g61 15 . .Q.x g6 fxg6!

(T) White pays insufficient attention to the scope of his opponent's threats. A better course is 1 9 .4Jfd4 ( 1 9 4Jxe5 20.Axg5) seeking to establish equality. (R) Completely mi ssing the point of Black 's last move. He should have tried 1 9 . 4Jbd4 . Even in that event, . . .

(T) Far seeing strategy! Black recog­ nizes that the f-file and not the e-file will be needed as a base for action. (R) Violating the familiar rule of cap­ turing toward the center, and at the same time permitting White a passed pawn. But all this is of less consequence than the fact that Black will have an open f­ file for his rook once he castles. 16 . .£)b3

283

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King however, Rubinstein would maintain the initiative. 19 . . . .§ x f31

(R) An artistic sacrifice of the exchange whose soundness can only be demon­ strated by a series of quiet but force­ ful moves.

Rundschau, Aug. 24, 1 9 1 2 . White sealed. Note: the wrong position was given in the first edition of Uncrowned King on page 24 1 . (363) Rubinstein - Nimzovitch Vilna (6) 1 9 1 2

2 0 . g x f3 .£1 x e 5 2 1 . � e 2 .§ f8 22 . .£)d2 .£)g6 23 . .§fel Ad6 24.f4 .£)exf4 25.�fl .£l xh3+ 26.�hl g4 27.�e2 �f5, 0- 1 (R) A likely finish is 2 8 J'! g l �hS+ 2 9 . � x g4
All that is available of the following game is the d i agram pub l i shed i n N i mzovitch ' s c o l um n i n R igasche

While we do not have any of the actual moves played in this game, we do have the following reports by one of the two participants.

From the Master tournament in Vilna (Report from the Rigaer Rundschau 's own reporter)

Vilna, 1 4 August, 1 9 1 2 I n the sixth round, the game Rubinstein-Nimzovitch was ad­ journed after a hard-fought battle with a slightly better position for Rubinstein - that was the result of today's round. Nimzovitch sought to evade the usual Queen's Gambit varia­ tions via the Dutch Defense. At first, he was successful as he achieved a quite good position. In the first part of the early middle game he made a rather weak move which allowed his opponent to apply strong pressure to the backward pawn ( c7). Because of an error it became possible for N. to liberate his position; however, thereby he lost a pawn. In the resulting endgame rook + knight + 3 pawns against rook + bishop + 2 pawns he was able to put up the toughest resis­ tance; after 6 hours of battle the game was adjourned, not with­ out chances for a draw for black.

284

Vilna 1 9 1 2 From the master tournament i n Vilna (Report from the R igaer Rundschau 's own reporter)

Vilna, 22 August, 1 9 1 2 Today, adj ourned games were completed. This involved the games Rubinstein-Nimzovitch, F lamberg-Rubinstein, and Alapin-Nimzovitch. However, in the first of these 3 games things were piling up, as this game - against all expectations - dragged itself out terribly. Rubinstein had an extra pawn and tried everything possible to force a win. He used his much-vaunted technique brilliantly, worked with zugzwang finesses and use of tempos, threatened now here, now there, and then, after maneuvering harmlessly to attack his opponent from the rear. However, Nimzovitch was at the top of his form and quite equal to the task, and every blow was warded off. Nimzovitch understood how to keep Rubinstein's invading king imprisoned on his side of the board, and thereby the draw was assured. In this position it was no longer possible to force a win. Total duration of this game was 1 2 hours. (3 64) Rubinstein - Levitsky Vilna (8) August 29, 1 9 1 2 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D06] 1 .d4 d5 2 . .£Jf3 c5 3.c4 cxd4 4.cxd5 .£! f6 5 . 4) x d4 4) x d 5 6.e4 .£J f6 7.4)c3 4) bd7 8.Jle3 a6 9.Ae2 e6 1 0 . "� a 4 t:Jc7 1 1 . f4 e5 1 2 .f x e 5 t:J x e 5 1 3 . 4) f3 t:J b 8 1 4 . e 5 b 5

1 5 . 'l!t h4 4) x e 5 1 6 . 4) x e 5 t:J x e 5 17. .A.d4 t:Je6 18.0-0 Ae7 19.Af3 .£! g4 20. t:Jg3 Ad6 21.Axg4 t:Jh6 22.�fe1 +, 1-0 [Source: Rech, Sept. 23, 1 9 1 2]

(365) Bernstein - Rubinstein Vilna (9) September 2, 1 9 1 2 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48] Notes by Rub i n s t e i n fro m No vae Vremya 1 9 1 2, which were translated and published in the August 1 9 1 2 is­ sue of the American Chess Bulletin. [Authors : This is the earliest example we found of Rubinstein annotating a game. Here he explains one ofhis great opening discoveries - the "Rubinstein Var i at i o n " (4 . . . 4J d4) of the Four Knights.]

28 5

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . .£lc3 4) f6 4.Ab5 .£Jd4

This little-known defense makes the game complicated and avoids the over­ worked variations of the Four Knights ' opening. Whether the move be correct, the future will decide. Opposed to it is the principle that no piece should move twice in the opening without real need.

9 ...c 6 tO.Ab3 .£J d 7 n .Ag5

In this dangerous position Bernstein finds the best plan of defense; the white king flees to the queen 's wing and Bl ack's onslaught comes to an end. Every other move would lose; for in­ stanc e : l l . h 3 A x f3 1 2 . g x f3 �h4 1 3 . § fl
5.Ac4 ll ... 'l:/d6 1 2.4)bl 'l:/g6

The retreat to a4 would keep the queen pawn pinned only temporarily; there­ fore the bishop takes up a more aggres­ sive position at c4, threatening the points d5 and f7. 5 . . . Ac5 6 . 4) x e 5 'l:/e7 7 . 4) f3 d5 8.jl xd5

[Authors : Thus far, the game is identi­ cal with one between Spielmann and Rub i n stein at S an S ebastian 1 9 1 2 [ G a m e # 3 2 3 ] . S p i e l m a n n p l ayed 8.4Jxd4?!, whereupon followed 8 ... dxc4 9 .4Jf3 fl
Also 1 2 . . . <£le5 came under consider­ ation. 1 3 . Ae 3 A x f3 1 4 .g x f3 'l:/g 2 1 5 . � d 2 4) x f 3 + 1 6 . � c l � d 8 1 7 . h 3 A x e3 1 8 . f x e3 4) de 5 19. '1:/fl 'l:/g5 20. 'l:/e2

Not 20.�f2 because of 20 . . . !:l xd3 . 20 . . . 4) d4 2 1 .'1:/d2 4) df3 2 2:�e2 4) d4, Draw

After 23.�f2 (or 23.�e l ) would fol­ low 23 . . .
Ru binstein

If White also captures the b7 pawn, he will have to face a still livelier attack. 286

A Drawing of Rubinstein

Vilna 1 9 1 2 (366) Rubinstein - Levenjish Vilna ( 1 2) September 3 , 1 9 1 2 Dutch [A85)

Here the simple 22 . . . g6 would prevent White 's only hope for an attack (f4-f5), and leave Black with the more favor­ able position.

Notes by Levenfish from his book of best games (pp. 3 9-4 1 ). 1 .d4 e6 2.c4 f5 3.e3 .£\f6 4 . .1ld3 b6 5 . .£\c3 .1lb7 6.f3 c5

23.f51 .£\c7

Here 23 . . . b5 loses to 24.4Jd4!, etc. 24 . .1lg5 b5 25. �e2 f!ae8

With the idea of 7 . . . cxd4 8.exd4 d5. 7.d5 exd5 8.cxd5 .£\ xd5 9 . .£\ xd5 .1l x d5 10 . .1l xf5 .1lf7

An interesting position, not easy to as­ sess. White has four pawns against two on the king's wing, but two against four on the queen 's wing. Who w i l l be quicker to exploit his pawn majority? l l . f4 .1le7 1 2 . .£\ f3 j'tf6 1 3 .e4 .1le61

A good positional move, frankly, of necess ity. After the exchange at e6 Black will control the important squares in the center. 1 4 . .1l x e6 d x e6 1 5 . �b 3 �c8 16 ..1le3 0-0 17.0-0 �h8 18.§ad1 4)c6

Threatening . . . e5 and . . 4Jd4. .

19.e5 .1le7 20.g4

Better is 20.a3, avoiding B lack's next move. 20 . . . 4) b41

26.f6! gxf6 27.exf6 .Q.d6

If 27 . . . Jlxf6 28.Jlxf6+ .§ xf6 29.�e5, and White wins. 28 . .£\ e 5 .1l x e 5 2 9 . � x e 5 §f7 3 0 . § d 6 �b7 3 1 . §d 7 1 § ef8 32 . .1lh6 �c8 33. § x c7, 1-0

Sergey Freiman did not particularly dis­ tinguish himself at Vi lna, finishing eighth at 8- 1 0, but he did have the sat­ isfaction of beating Rubinstein in both their encounters. (367) Freiman - Rubinstein Vilna ( 1 3 ) September 5 , 1 9 1 2 Bird [A02]

Threate n i n g 2 l . . . c 4 , fo l l o w e d by . . . 4Jd3 .

Notes by Lasker from The Evening Post, 1 9 1 2 .

2 1 . �c4 4)d 5 22.-'lcl �c6?

l .f4 f5 2. 4) f3 e6 3.e4 d5 4.e xf5

287

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King exf5 5.d4 4)f6 6 . .Q.d3 .Q.d6 7.0-0 0-0 8.c4 c6 9.4)c3 4)a6?!

It would appear that 9 . . . <£:le4 would be better. 10.c51 .Q.c7 1 1 .4)e5 4) b8 1 2.�c2 4)e4 13.Ae3 Ae6

13 . . . <£:ld7 was imperative. Now White begins a violent assault. 14.g41 g6 1 5 .g x f5 g xf5 16.
Black cannot capture 17 . . . dxe4 because th en 1 8 . d 5 ! c x d 5 1 9 . .§ g l + �h8 20 . .1ld4 would win at once.

2 3 . . . 4) d 7 cxd5 2 4 . 4:) x d 5 2 5 . � x d 5 +
(368) Nimzovitch - Rubinstein Vilna ( 1 7) September 1 0, 1 9 1 2 Scotch [C47] Notes by Lasker (L) from the Evening Post, 1 9 1 2, and Tartakover (T). (T) The interesting feature here is how Rubinstein discovers - one might al­ most say creates - a weak point in his adversary's position and how he fas­ tens on it, never to let go, until the game is won. l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 .d4 e x d4 4.4:) xd4 4)f6 5.4)c3 Ab4 6.4:) xc6 bxc6 7.Ad3 0-0 8.0-0 d5 9.exd5 cxd5 10 . .Q.g5 c6 1 1 .4)e2 .§e8

(T) From the wide repertory of possible replies ( l l . . . .llc 5, 1 1 . . . .1ld6, 1 1 . . . .1lg4 or l l . . .h6), Black decides on the one with the greatest initiative. 18.f51 A xf5

t2.4)d4 �d6 13.Ah4

The capture is compulsory, since Ag5 is threatened. 19.4)g4 A xg4

Again forced. lf 1 9 . . . �e6 20.<£:lh6+ and 2 l .�f2 would win the bishop. 20 . .§ x f6 .§ x f6 2 1 . .§ g l 22 . .§ xg4! .§ xg4 23.�b31

.§ g6

The point of White 's play. He now menaces both 24 .�xb7 and 24 .£J xd5 . .

28 8

(L) This maneuver is finely refuted. 1 3 .�f3 would have been preferable.

Vilna 1 9 1 2 (T) More astute than 1 3 . �f3 <£\e4 1 4.Ae3 �g6, and B lack takes the lead.

E! e4, with an increase in B lack's attacking resources.

13 ... -tle4 14.c3 -'tc5 15.f3 �h6!

28 ... .§e2+ 29.h1

(L) The beginning of a channing attack. If now 1 6.�e l �d6 1 7 .g3 <£\c5 with advantage. 16.fxe4 � x h4 17.exd5 cxd5

(T) There is no hurry to win a pawn by 1 7 . . . Axd4+ 1 8.cxd4 �xd4+ 1 9.'i!thl il!xd5, by which the game would lose in plasticity. Maintenance of the pres­ sure gives Black richer and more var­ ied chances. 18.-'tf5 g6 19.-'l.xc8 .§axeS 20 . .§f2 .§e4

(L) B lack now concentrates his fire upon the knight. Its position on d4 is necessary, yet untenable against the combined assault of the Black pieces, and owing to this contradiction White's game is lost. 21.g3 �e7

(T) Now, frontal pressure on the e­ file has become the theme of B lack's strategy. 22. �d2 f5 23 . .§d1 .§e3 24.g2 �e4+ 25.g1 Ab6 26 . .§f4 �e7 27.g2 .§c4

( L ) N o w 28 . . . � x d 4 , fo l l ow e d by 29 ... E! e2+, is threatened. White has no valid defense, and resolves upon a des­ perate sacrifice. 28 . .£l x f5 (T) A despairing sacrifice. If 28.'it>f2

289

29 ... �e61 ... 0-1

(L) By this excellent move the game is won. If now 30.il!xd5 E! xf4 and wins a piece. White shortly resigned. The con­ duct of the game by B lack impresses one as lucid, energetic, and harmoni­ ous from beginning to end. (T) And wins. A clear-cut victory. [Authors : The game went on a little longer, but we were unable to find the remaining moves.] (369) Levitsky - Rubinstein Vilna ( 1 9) September 1 3 , 1 9 1 2 Queen 's Pawn Richter Veresov [DO l ] t .d4 d 5 2 . -'tg 5 c 6 3 . -tl c3 -'tf5 4.�d2
(370) Rubinstein - Bernstein Vilna (20) September 1 4, 1 9 1 2 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D66] 1 .c4 e6 2.-tlc3 d5 3.d4
Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King Jl.e7 5.e3 .£i bd7 6 . .£if3 0-0 7.§c1 c6 8.Ad3 dxc4 9.Axc4 b5 10.Jl.e2 Jl.b7 1 1 .0-0 a6 12 . .£id2 c5 13.dxc5 .£l x c 5 1 4 . Jl. x f6 Jl. x f6 15 . .£i x b5

.£id3 1 6 . J1_ x d 3 � x d3 1 7 . .£Jc3 E!fd8 18 . .£if3 �g6 19. �c2 Jl.xf3 20. � xg6 hxg6 21.gxf3 §d2 22.b3 Jl. xc3 23.E!xc3 E! x a2, Draw

Lasker-Rubinstein

The Proposed Match

The following articles appeared in American Chess Bulletin, 1 9 1 3 - 1 4, chroni­ cling background details and negotiations towards a proposed match between Lasker and Rubinstein for the World Chess Championship. At the conclusion of the Breslau tournament, A. K. Rubinstein visited Hiddensee to consult with Dr. Emanuel Lasker with regard to the terms of their champion­ ship match. The result was that Dr. Lasker obtained the Russian 's consent to practically the same conditions made by him in reply to the challenge issued by Capablanca in November last. Instead of six, the match is to be one of eight games up, but the champion agrees to an extension of four games, after the thirty, in case one of the players should be leading by a margin of only one point. As we go to press, the following appears in The Evening Post of August 2 1 : "Berlin, August 9 Returned from Hiddensee after a visit by Rubinstein, who came to discuss the conditions for a match. We agreed on most points: The match to be eight games, draws not counting; to be ended after the thirtieth game, if no decision has been reached then; and winner to be he who holds the majority of points, unless difference be one point, in which case the match shall be continued until one side wins a game, or for four games at the utmost, and the match to be drawn if these four games are drawn; the time limit to be twelve moves an hour; five play days per week, and play to proceed four hours in succession or in two sittings of two hours and a half each. But we disagreed on the hours of play. I proposed hours within 2 and l 0 p.m. Rubinstein objects to playing at night, and desires to start at 1 1 a.m. This seems a slight matter, but most of the spectators have leisure only at night. And the success of the match depends, of course, upon them." American Chess Bulletin, 1 9 1 2 (p. 1 93 ) . -

If somewhat slowly, matters are certainly moving in the world 's championship negotiations between Dr. E. Lasker and A. K. Rubinstein. The following item on this interesting subj ect is taken from Dr. Lasker 's correspondence in the New York Evening Post: "Berlin, June - Rubinstein recently wrote to say that he yields in the matter of the hours of play for our chess championship match. Thus, a match between us is likely to take place, since, in all other parts discussed by us last year an agreement 290

Vilna 1 9 1 2 had been reached. The one disagreement arose from his insistence on fixing the beginning of the game at I I a.m., whereas I pleaded for a later hour. For the present nothing more definite can be stated, though I believe that, in all likeli­ hood, the match, which should arouse great interest, will be played some time next year." American Chess Bulletin, 1 9 1 3 , p. 1 7 5 . The Lasker-Rubinstein Match

Conditions, rather more reasonable than those required of Jose Raul Capablanca, have been agreed to between Dr. E. Lasker and A. K. Rubinstein to play a match for the championship of the world next year, the months of April and October being named in the document, and giving a somewhat indefinite hint as to the actual time of the meeting between these greatest of modern masters. Twice there is used the expression "word of honor"; the first time, in connection with the duties of the director of play, who, in this way, must guarantee the infallibility of the clock - which is unnecessarily harsh on the obliging director; the second time, when the masters both pledge themselves to play. A most important condition to be met, and one which we do not regard as at all unreasonable, is the raising of a fund of $2,500 before the match can be assured. For this purpose subscriptions to the official match book, to be issued to sub­ scribers, will be solicited as soon as a treasurer has been selected. This excellent plan does away with the undesirable matter of playing for stakes or for the hardly less satisfactory purse. Seeing that the edition is to be limited, every subscriber of $5, the minimum price of the book, will get full value for his money, and it is not unreasonable to suppose that plenty of applications for copies will come in from all quarters of the globe. To be sure, the aggregate of these will remain low so long as the date of starting the match is left indefinite, as at present, but Rubinstein and his followers have their remedy in sight. The book will be printed in Russian, as well as German, and subjects of the Czar will no doubt see to it that a promis­ ing impetus be given to the subscription fund. It cannot be expected that Dr. Lasker will go out into the highways and byways to search for subscribers as it is not he, though willing to play, who is seeking the match. On the other hand, the army of followers, who still believe in his invincible prowess and who are as eager as any of those of his rival to see their champion once more in action, will do their full share in the way of contributions. The conditions as printed in Dr. Lasker 's column in The Evening Post of New York, on September I 3 , are for the most part all that could be desired. The only exception is the time allotted for each play, viz., four hours. Over this we cannot well enthuse, because of the many overnight adjournments the rule will entail. Such adjournments are, to say the least, not desirable and should not be encour­ aged. However, so long as the masters themselves are pleased and appear to mean business, we have no quarrel with them on this score . 29 1

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King For the rest, the conditions, appended herewith, speak for themselves. ' An agreement has been concluded between myself and Rubinstein to play a match for the chess championship of the world,' is the way the champion introduces the subj ect. American Chess Bulletin, 1 9 1 3 (p. 220) Conditions ( 1 ) The match is to consist of twenty games. (2) Winner is he who obtains the majority of the points. (3) The prize of victory is the title of world's champion. (4) If the match ends drawn, the title is retained by the present holder. (5) Time limit is thirty moves in two hours. (6) No more than five playing days per week. (7) The hours of play are from 3 to 7 p.m. (8) The match shall begin, if possible, in April or October next year, and shall then be terminated without interruption. (9) For j ourneys from one club to another delay of two to three days is permitted. ( 1 0) Either player may take an off day three times during the match. Rules of Play ( I ) If the same position is twice repeated, he whose tum it is to move shall have the right, but not the obligation, to call the game drawn. (2) The player whose tum it is to move at 7 o 'clock shall seal his move, provided the 30th, 60th, 90th etc, move has been made. (3) Failure to comply with the time limit involves loss of the game. The director of play therefore, has to give his word of honor that the controlling clock shows the right time. (4) If fi fty moves are successively made without any important change of posi­ tion, i.e. if neither the move has changed, nor a piece has been captured, nor a pawn has been advanced, either player has the right to ask the director of play to confirm the fact and to call the game a draw. Compensation ( 1 ) Dr. Lasker shall negotiate with clubs that want to arrange games under their auspices. (2) The match shall take place in Europe. (3) The cities where the games are to be played and the sequence in which they are to be visited shall be announced as early as possible, and at least three months in advance of the match. (4) A book of the match shall be published. It shall contain the history of the match and its games: and either player shall annotate the games. (5) A subscription shall be opened for the book, and it shall be sold only to sub­ scribers. It shal l be written in algebraic notation, in German and Russian, and in other languages, too, in which at least one hundred subscribers desire to receive it.

292

Vilna 1 9 1 2 ( 6) The price of subscription shall not be limited, but shall be at least $ 5 (20 marks). (7) The moneys subscribed shall serve as stakes. And the match shall take place provided the fund realized by the subscription amounts to at least $2,500. (8) The winner of a game receives $ 1 2 5 from the fund. (9) All moneys received from onlookers of the games and the profit of the fund of subscription, apart from those spent as under (8), shall be divided equally by the players. ( 1 0) The right of publishing the games, as well as all rights deriving from the authorship of the players in the games of the match, shall belong solely to Dr. Lasker. Organization

( 1 ) Differences concerning the games shall be settled by the director of play. (2) In each city of play either player shall choose a second, who has to protect the interests of the player. (3) Other differences shall be settled by an umpire. He is to be chosen for the whole match. The negotiations with him shall be conducted only in writing; he has the right of invoking testimony, and his judgment is definite. (4) The incoming moneys shall be held by a treasurer. Each club shall pay what it owes to the players directly after the conclusion of the series of games to be played there. The treasurer takes care of the fund of subscription, and delivers to each player the amount due him immediately after the termination of the match. (5) If the profit on the book amounts to more than $2,500, the remainder shall be used for founding an international chess association, whose work shall consist in the arrangement of international contests of every description. The two masters, by word of honor, take the obligation on themselves of playing the match, except they are prevented by force majeure, Rubinstein furthermore acknowledges his obligations, not only if he wins the match, but also if for other reasons Dr. Lasker should choose to resign the title in favor of his opponent to hold on to the traditions created by Steinitz. American Chess Bulletin, 1 9 1 3 (p. 22 1 ) Lasker-Rubinstein Match Book

Berlin, August 26 Dr. Lasker has authorized the American Chess Bulletin to receive subscriptions for the book of the match at $5 each. -

Dr. Lasker explains in his letter of authorization that 'the minimum subscription for a book is $5 . ' This means that all subscribers to the match fund to the amount of $5 and upward will be entitled to a copy of the valuable book. It will be sold only to subscribers, every one of whom will have his name inscribed in his own copy. 293

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King The book will contain the history of the match, together with the scores of all the games, annotated by the principals. If the sum of $ 1 ,000 is thus subscribed by Americans, an edition of the book in English will be printed; otherwise the sub­ scriber can have the option of a German or Russian copy, with games in algebraic notation. All funds collected by the Bulletin will be deposited with the treasurer, to be named shortly. American Chess Bulletin, 1 9 1 3 (243). Champion in Defense of his Terms

Dr. Lasker states that he is sanguine that his match with Rubinstein will be brought about. He is further reported to have made the following statement to refute the complaint against him by a number of the German players that he is commercial­ izing chess: "Supposing all my hopes are realized, the income from the match for both players would amount to about $8,000. This would be our compensation for fully six months of hard work. Why should the chess masters not earn a decent wage when chess players all over the world be interested in such a match? "The conditions made in this instance were adopted so as to give chess masters a proper social standing, and if the public were to support such a movement, then chess players would not starve as old age overtook them. Give a chess master his just due, and it will be much better for him and the chess world at large." Walter Penn Shipley, chess editor of the Philadelphia Inquirer, commenting the foregoing, has the following to say: "Personally we consider the charge by the German players as absurd. Chess professionals are unquestionably entitled to proper remuneration, and if the public does not support them, it merely shows that the public interest in the game is not sufficient to warrant chess masters devoting their time and study to chess as a means of profit." American Chess Bulletin, 1 9 1 4 (pp. 2-3) Word comes from Dr. Lasker that his match with Rubinstein will take place in the course of next summer. It cannot be played any earlier on account of the partici­ pation of Rubinstein in the international masters ' tournament, beginning at St. Petersburg on April l . According to Dr. Lasker, fourteen games of the match have so far been bespoken, these having been bid for by the clubs in Berlin, Frankfurt, Moscow, Lodz, and Warsaw. American Chess Bulletin, 1 9 1 4 (p. 3 ) Word comes from St. Petersburg that Dr. Lasker will go ahead with his arrange­ ments to play the match for the championship with A. K. Rubinstein of Lodz. The match will be begun in the fal l . Dr. Lasker offers four games to this country, but 294

Vilna 1 9 1 2 the price the American clubs will be required to pay i s a fancy one and militates somewhat against the likelihood of these games being played here. Besides, most chess players over here clamor for a match between Dr. Lasker and Capablanca. On the other hand, Rubinstein, though he was a disappointment at St. Petersburg, is still one of the finest players in the world today and in every way a fit contender for the title. His abstention for one year from international play caused him to lose his edge and he was not successful, as Dr. Lasker was, in playing himself into form in the course of the preliminary tournament." A merican Chess Bulletin, 1 9 1 4 (p. 1 3 9) There is no record of Rubinstein playing any chess in 1 9 1 3 . We were unable to discover if this was a conscious part of his training for his upcoming match with Lasker or if the stress of p laying so much in 1 9 1 2 necessitated a maj or rest. Another possibility is some fami ly crisis. It should also be pointed out that there were not so many important events held in 1 9 1 3 as the previous year.

295

The Years of World War I 1914 - 1918

St. Petersburg 1 9 1 4 was arguably the greatest failure of Rubinstein's career. After drawing his first three games, including a very promising position against Capablanca, Rubinstein suffered a disaster. Losing first to Lasker and then to Alekhine, Akiva was for all intents and purposes eliminated after the first six rounds. Ever the fighter, he did not give up and scored plus two the rest of the way, but the damage had been done. In this stretch Rubinstein had a 96-move draw with Bernstein, a 64-move win over Janowsky, and a 60-mover with Tarrasch, as he struggled to try to reach the fifth and last qualification spot. Eighty years later it seems a pity that such an artificial division was made be­ tween the preliminary and final tournaments. Ten games were too few to settle who should play in the final. A double round robin would have been a much truer test and would not have lasted much longer. As it was, Rubinstein could only watch from the sidelines as Lasker and Capablanca battled for first, his status as a world championship contender diminished and Capablanca's enhanced. For those who wish to know more about this historic event we can recommend St. Petersburg 1914 (Caissa Editions 1 993). The following translation of an article by Dr. Lasker in the Berliner Zeitung am Mittag, comes from this book (pp. 1 51 6) and offers the world champion 's analysis of Rubinstein 's failure: "It is difficult to explain this fact. To be sure, the reasons obtrude themselves sufficiently upon the spectator. An unlucky game, perhaps with Alekhine, demorSt. Petersburg 1 9 1 4 - Preliminary Section April 21- May 22

2

3

5

6

7

I . Capablanca

X

y,

y,

4

y,

I

y,

'12 y,

y,

0

y,

2. Lasker

'12

X

3 . Tarrasch

'12

y,

X

y,

4. Alekhine

0

'12

'12

X

'12 y,

y,

0

X

0

I

0

y,

0

X

7. Rubinstein

y,

0

y,

0

y,

8. N imzovitch

0

y,

0

y,

y,

0

y, y, 0

y,

0

0

0

0

l l .Gunsberg

0

0

0

0

Total 8 6Y,

y,

5. Marshall

9. Blackburne

9

'12

y,

6. Bernstein

I O. Janowsky

8

y,

y,

0

6Y,

y,

6 y,

y,

y,

y,

y,

y,

y,

X

y,

y,

y,

y,

X

0

0

y,

'12

X

0

0

0

0

y,

I

X

'12

0

0

0

0

'12

X

6 5 5 4

'12

3 Y, 3 Y,

The Years of World War I aiized him, robbed him of courage. Or perhaps the ventilation of the room, where the masters sat confined, was not sufficient for him. Or perhaps he, who leads a regular life and goes to bed very early, did not possess intellectual vigor in the evening; or perhaps he is just at the height of his powers in the morning. But all these reasons, either singly or jointly, are not fully satisfactory. Best turns out to be: fate has here for the first time rudely taken hold of the one accustomed to victory. He notes now that it is no mere phrase when one says that life is a struggle. For a moment he has lost his self-control on that point. He is like a marksman whose hand suddenly trembles and whose bullet therefore does not hit home. "If that is so, the lesson will be beneficial to him. Whoever has once suffered a defeat does not fear it any more. He has experienced the worst, and henceforth he will bear injustice with equanimity. Such practical knowledge is a part of man, at least of one who is accustomed to struggling. "Rubinstein has the style that will certainly be dominant. The character of this style is impersonal . Rubinstein does not feel that he is playing against an indi­ vidual, but rather says: in this position, A plays against B, and then asks: What is the right move? He does not merely ask, he finds. In this way he has enriched chess theory, extraordinarily, like no other. "But now fate has come and has said, a little ironically, but for all that smiling benevolently: A against B? I do not believe you ! Your heart is too human for that.

Front row, left to right: I. Gunsberg, J.H. Blackburne, Dr. E. Lasker, Dr. S. Tarrasch, A. Burn, Dr. R. Gebhardt (President of the German Chess Association), A. K. Rubinstein, Dr. 0. S. Bernstein, J. R. Capablanca, and D. Janowsky. Second row : S. 0. Wainstein, F. J. Marshall, A. A. Alekhine, N. J. Maxinow*, B. E. Maljutin* (President of the St. Petersburg Chess Society), P. P. Sabonroff*, E. Talwik*, J. 0. Sossnitzky* (Vice-President of the St. Petersburg Chess Society), W. Robinow. Back row: A. Nimzovitch, N. A. Znosko-Borovsky*, and D. D. Korolew (President of the Financial and Com mercial Society and Hon. Member of the Congress). *Members of the Tournament Committee

297

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King "Now Rubinstein, the objective one, will return. He will endure, for the will cre­ ates the enduring. " Time control for the event was 30 moves in two hours, followed by 22 moves in 1 Y2 hours, and then 1 5 moves per hour for the rest of the game. According to the tournament protocols, published in the Wiener Schachzeitung, pp. 80-8 1 ( 1 9 1 4), the prize fund was 1 ,200 rubles for first, then 800, 5 00, and 3 00 for the next three finishers. Like the present-day Linares tournament, St. Petersburg 1 9 1 4 had a clause prohibiting players from agreeing to premature draws. Except for draws due to perpetual check or threefold repetition of moves, all non-decisive games were supposed to go at least 45 moves. 2 2 . b x c3 .§. d S 23 . .§. d l .§. x d l + 24.ttlxdl �g8 25.h4 c 5 26.dlxb7 "ttJ xb7 27.ttJd6 b4

(37 1 ) Marshall- Rubinstein St. Petersburg ( 1 ) 1 9 1 4 Queen's Gambit Declined [D63] l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5.e3 4)bd7 6.4)f3 0-0 7 . .§.cl .§.eS 8.a3 dxc4 9.A xc4 c5 10.dxc5 4) x c 5 1 1 . 0 - 0 a6 1 2 . b4 4) ce4 1 3 . 4) x e4 4) x e4 1 4 . A x e7 ttl x e7 1 5 .ttld4 4) d 6 t 6 . .§. fd l 4) x c4 17 . .§. x c4 b5 18.ttlc5 Ab7 19.ttlxe7 .§. x e7 20 . .§.cd4 f6 21 . .§.d8+ .§. x d8 22 . .§. x d8+ �f7 23.4)d4 .§.c7 24.f3 2 3 . . . �e7 2 5 . .§. g8 �d6 2 6 . �f2 Ac8 27 . .§.dS+ �e7 28 . .§.h8 .§.c3 2 9 . .§. x h7 �f7 30 . .§.h8 Ad7 3l . .§.d8 �e7 32 . .§.g8 �f7 33 . .§.d8 �e7 34 . .§.g8 �f7, Draw

Rubinstein had the bye in round two. (3 72) Rubinstein- Capablanca St. Petersburg (3) 1 9 1 4 Queen's Gambit Declined [D64] l.d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.4)c3 4)bd7 5.Ag5 Ae7 6.e3 0-0 7 . .§.cl .§.eS 8. ttlc2 c6 9 . .Q.d3 d x c4 10.A x c4 b5 l l .dld3 a6 1 2.4)e5 Ab7 1 3 . 4) x d7 ttl x d7 1 4 . .Q. x f6 A x f6 15 . .Q. x h7+ �h8 t6 . .Q.e4 e5 17.dxe5 .§. xe5 18.0-0 ttle7 19.Af3 .§.c5 20.ttle2 .Q.xc3 2l . .§.xc3 .§. xc3 298

28.ttlxc5?

A mistake that enables Black to escape with a draw. Correct is 28.c4 and if 28 .. .'�c8 29.'�b6, followed by f3 and g4 . Or if 28 . . .'l!ia7 2 9 .'l!i d 8 + �h7 30.'�a5, etc. (L. van Vliet in the Sun­ day Times). [Authors : Whether White can win or not is open to question, but undoubt­ edly 28.c4 was the best chance. For a detailed analysis of this position see the chapter by Keres on defending difficult p o s i t i o n s in Th e A rt of the Middlegame.] 28 ... bxc3 29.ttJxc3 ttl bl+ 30.�h2 ttlxa2 31."�c8+ �h7 32.ttlf5+ g6

The Years of World War I 33. 'ltf6 a5 34.g4 a4 35.h5 gxh5 3 6 . 'lt f 5 + �g7 3 7 . 'lt g 5 + �h7 38.'ltxh5+ �g7 39.'ltg5+, Draw

23.h3 §.e4 24. 'ltd2 §.Se6 25.§.c61 'ltd7?

Consistent, but bad. A fter 25 . . . �xc6 26 . .§.xc6 .§. xc6 27.�b4 .§. d6 28.�xb5 h6, White would be a pawn ahead, but

(373 ) Lasker- Rubinstein St. Petersburg (4) 1 9 1 4 Ruy Lopez [C82] Notes by F i n e and Re i n fe 1 d fro m Lasker s Greatest Chess Games 18991 914. l . e4 e 5 2 .-i)f3 .£)c6 3 .-'1.b5 a6 4.Aa4 .£)f6 5.0-0 .£) x e4 6.d4 b5 7.Ab3 d5 8.dxe5 -'1,e6 9.c3 Ac5 10 . .£) bd 2 0 - 0 1 1 . A c 2 .£) x d 2 12.'ltxd2 f6 13.exf6 §. x f6?1

a win would be almost impossible. [Authors : This move, the near miss against Capablanca, and the following game against Alekhine indicate that Rubinstein was not in his best form in St. Petersburg.] 26. §. x e6 'it x e6 2 7 . 'lt d 3 'lte8 28.'itc3 �f7 29. 'ltd3 �g8 30. 'ltc3 'lt e 6 3 1 . §. a 1 'lte8 3 2 . �f l h 6 33. 'ltd3 �f7 34.§.c1 �g8 3 5 .'ltb3 'ltf7 36.§.d1 c6

Better is 13 . . . �xf6 1 4 . .:£)g5 g6. 14 . .£)d4 4) xd4

Remaining with a backward c-pawn. The alternative 14 . . . .:£)e7 is safer.

If 36 . . . �d7 (to avoid the weakening text move) 3 7 . f3 .§. e6 3 8 . Af4 and 39.Ae5 with an appreciable advantage for White. 37.f3 'ltf6 38.'ltd3 §.e7 39.Af2 'ltd6 40.'ltc2 �f7 4 1 . §. c 1 §.e6 42. 'ltf5+ §.f6 43. 'lte5 §.e6

1 5.cx d4 Ab6

To keep an eye on the d4-pawn, but the bishop would be more useful at d6. [Authors : Korchnoi (in ECO) recom­ mends 1 4 . . . Ad6! 1 5 .�e2 �d7 w ith equality.] 16.a41 §.b8

No better would be 43 . . . �d7 44 .Ah4, say 44 . . . Ac7 4 5 . �h 5 + .§.g6 46 . .§. e l -'td6 4 7 . f4 ! a n d w i n s , w h i l e after 44 . . . .§.f5 4 5 .�e3 the threat of 46.g4 forces further weaknesses in B lack's game. 44. 'lt x d 6 §. x d6 4 5 . � e 2 �e7 46.�d3 §.g6 47.g3 §.f6 48.f4 �d7 49.§.e1 §.f8 50.§.a1 h5

Not 1 6 . . . c5? 17.dxc5 -'txc5 18.Axh7+ 'it'xh7 1 9.t:i'c2+ , etc. 1 7 . a x b 5 a x b 5 1 8 . 'lt c 3 'ltd6 1 9 .-'1.e3 Af5 2 0 . §. fc 1 -'1, x c 2 21.§. xc2 §.e8 22.§.acl §.fe6

Preventing 2 3 . �c6, which would be answered by 23 . . . �xc6 24 . .§.xc6 .§.xc6 2 5 . .§.xc6 -'txd4. 299

This is weakening, but no suitable de­ fensive plan for Black is available. If for example 50 . . . .§.e8 5 1 .Ae3 .§. e4 52 .t":!a6 '!ilc7 53 . .§.a8, or 50 . . . g5 5 1 .-'te3 Ac7 52 . .§.fl . In both cases White main­ tains his superiority.

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King 5 1 . Jl.e 3 g6 5 2 . §f 1
65.�xd5 �e7 66.�c4 �d7 67 .�xb4

the ending is won for White. 64 . § a 2 §c7 66.§b6, 1-0

Leading to a lost rook ending, but if 54 . . . �e6 (recommended in the tourna­ ment book) 5 5 . § e l ! and B lack's diffi­ culties are far from over: 5 5 . . . �d7

65. §a6+


(374) Rubinstein- A/ekhine St. Petersburg ( 5) 1 9 1 4 Nimzo-Indian [E49]

(55 . . .Ac7 56.f5+ �f7 57 .Ag5) 56. § h l ..Q.c7 57.§h7+ �c8 58.f5! gxf5 59.Ah6 § f6 60 .Ag7! §f7 61 .g5 f4 62.g6 § f5 63 .Ah6 f3 64 .g7 f2 6 5 . g8=Q+ �b7 66.§ xc7+ �xc7 67.'lii'h 7+ and wins. An

1.d4 4)f6 2.c4 e6 3 .£Jc3 Jl,b4 4.e3 b6 5.Ad3 Jl,b7 6.f3 c5 7.a3 A xc3+ 8.bxc3 d5 9.4)e2 0-0 10.0-0 4)bd7 11 . .£lg3 tfJc7 1 2.cxd5 exd5 13.e4? •

elegant variation ! After the lapse on the 25th move, Black had no clear draw­ ing line.

White has reached a favorable Samisch type position but this move requires more preparation.

55.dxc5+ Axc5 56.A xc5+
1 3 . . . c x d4 14.c x d4 tfJc3 1 5 .Ae3 dxe4 16.fxe4 Aa6

Here 16 . . . Axe4! is much more convinc­ ing. Now Rubinstein gets play for the pawn. 17 .1l, x a6 tfJ x e3+ 1 8 . 'ifl h 1 4) x e4 1 9 .£J f 5 1 4) f 2 + 2 0 . § x f 2 tf1 x f2 21.tf1g4 g6 •

•

59.§f4! b4

If 59 . . . d4 60. �e4 �c4 6 1 .�e5 and WillS.

60.b3 §f7

Or 60 . . . § f8 6 1 . f6 § f7 62 . § fl �d6 6 3 . � d4 �e6 64 . § a l and w i n s (Tartakover). 61 .f6
22.§fl?

After 63 . . . l"lx f6 64 .l"!x f6 + � x f6

Rubinstein overrates the strength ofhis counterattack.The simple22 ..£le7 + fol

300

The Years of World War I lowed by 23 .�xd7 gives good winning chances (A. Bum in The Field).

This leads to nothing at all. The attack had to be continued with 4Je7+ fol­ lowed by �xd7; then White would have had two pieces for the rook, and if Black also obtained a pawn for it (after . .§ad8), the result of the game would nevertheless still have been doubtful, while it is now plainly lost for White. . .

23 . . . �g7 24 . .£) x f7 � b3 2 5 . d 5 .£)f6 26.�d4 § x f7 27.J;tc4 �a4 28.g4 §c8, 0-1

(3 75) Bernstein- Rubinstein St. Petersburg (6) 1 9 1 4 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48] 1 .e4 e5 2 . .£l f3 .£)c6 3 . .£lc3 .£)f6 4.Ab5 .£ld4 5.Aa4 Ac5 6.d3 o-o 7 . .£)e2 d5 8 . .£)exd4 exd4 9.e5 .£)e8 10.-'l, xeS § x eS 1 1 .0-0 J;tg4 1 2.h3 A x f3 13.�xf3 § xe5 14.Af4 §e6 1 5 . § a e 1 �d7 1 6 . § x e 6 f x e 6 17.Ae5 Ab6 18.�g4 c5 19.f4 §f8 20.§f3 J;td8 21.§g3 J;tf6 22. �e2 �f7 23.Etf3 h6 24.§fl b6 25.§e1 Ah4 26.Etfl �g6 27.Etf3 h5 28.g3 J;tf6 29.�g2 �f5 30.-'l, xf6 § x f6 3 1 .h4 �h7 32.§f2 �g6 33.�e1 �f7 3 4 . .§.e2 �g6 3 5 . Et e 5 §f5 36.�f2 a5 37.§e2 �f6 38.�g2 �e7 3 9 . � d 2 �f7 4 0 . � e 1 g6 41. �d2 �e7 42. �e1 �d6 43. �f2 � c 6 44. § e 1 a4 4 5 . � h 3 �d6 4 6 . � d 2 �e7 47.�g2 �d7 48.�e2 �e7 49.�d2 �d6 50.�f2 �f6 5 1 . �f1 �g7 5 2 . �f2 �f6 53.�fl �e7 54.�f2 e5 55.fxe5+ � xe5 56 .�d2 �f6 57.�h6 .§f2+ 58.\tlg1 30 1

58 . . . §f3 5 9 . �g2 .§. f 2 + 60.�g 1 �c6 6 t . §e6+ � x e6 6 2 . � xf2 �f5 + 6 3 . �g2 c 4 64.�h8 c x d3 6 5 . � e 8 + �d6 66. � d 8 + �c6 6 7 . � e 8 + �d6 6 8 . � d 8 + � c 5 6 9 . � e 7 + �c4 7 0 . � c 7 + � b 5 7 l . c x d3 �e6 7 2 . � c 2 � e 1 73.�h2 �a5 74.�g2 �b4 75.a3 �e1 76.�h2 �b5 77.�g2 �e7 78 . � d 2 �c6 7 9 . �f3 � e 3 + 80. � x e 3 d x e3 8 1 . � x e3 � c 5 8 2 . � d 2 �d4 8 3 . � e 2 � e 5 84.�e3 d4+ 85.�f2 �f6 86.�g2 � e 5 87. �f2 �f5 8 8 . � f3 g5 89 . h x g 5 � x g5 9 0 . �f2 �f5 91.�f3 �g5 92.�f2 �f6 93.�f3 �g5 94. �f2 �g4 9 5-�g2 �f5 96.�f3 �g5, Draw

(376) Rubinstein - Tarrasch St. Petersburg (7) 1 9 1 4 English [A29] 1 .c4 e5 2 . .£)c3 .£) f6 3 . .£l f3 .£)c6 4 .g3 g6 5 . -'tg2 Ag7 6.d4 e x d4 7 . .£) xd4 0-0 8.0-0 §e8 9.e3 .£)e5 10.b3 d6 n.Ab2 Ag4 12.f3 Ad7 1 3 . h 3 .£) c 6 14 . .£) c 2 .£l e 7 1 5 .e4 .£l h 5 1 6 . � h 2 .£) c 6 1 7 . � d 2 f5 18.exf5 J;txf5 19.§ae1 �f6 20.f4 J;t xc2 21.� xc2 �h8 22 . .£)d1 �f7 23 . .£l c 3 .£) f6 24 . .£) d 5 .£) x d 5 25.cxd5 .£)d4 26 .�f2 �f5 27.g4

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King Jl x b 2 2 8 . � x b2 + � g7 2 9 . �d4 § x e l 30 . § x e l §f8 3 l . �g3 a5 32.§e4 �g8 33. �c3 b6 34. §c4 � e8 35.a4 �f6 36.Af3

36 ...c6 37. �d2 cxd5 38.§c6 �e4+ 39. Jl x e4 d x e4 40.� x d6 � x b3+ 41.�h4 �f7 42.�g5 e3 43.§c7 � x f4 + 44. � x f4 h6+ 4 5 . � x h6 § x f4 4 6 . § e7 §f3 4 7 . h 4 §f4 48. �g 5 § x a4 4 9 . § x e3 §b4 5 0 . § e 6 � h 7 5 1 . § e 7 + �g8 52.§e6 �h7 53.§e7+ �g8 54.h5 g x h 5 5 5 . g x h 5 §c4 5 6 . § e 6 b 5 57.§b6 b 4 58.§b5 a 4 59.h6 a 3 60.§b8+, Draw

13.�e5 �b6 14.Ag5 Ad6 15.§el § d 8 1 6 . � d 2 Ae7 1 7 . a 3 0 - 0 18.�d3 g6 19.Aa2 §fe8 20.�h3 � h 5 2 1 . Jl x e7 § x e 7 2 2 . A x d 5 Jl xd5 23.�h4 f6 24.� xd5 § xd5 2 5 . � f3 �g7 2 6 . �e4 �f7 27.§acl �g7 28.g4 �d6 29.§c8 §e8 30.§ecl § x eS 31.§ xc8 �e8 32.g5 fxg5 33.�e5+ �e7 34.�f3 �f6 35.§a8 § xe5 36.§a7+ �d7 3 7 . d x e 5 � x e 5 3 8 . � d l �d6 39.� xd6+ � x d6 40. § xa6+ �d5 41.�fl g4 42.§a7 �d6 43.�e2 h 5 44. § a8 � e 5 4 5 . § a 6 + �d7 4 6 . § b 6 � f3 4 7 . h 3 ? ? � d4+ 4 8 . � f l g x h 3 49 . § b7 + �d6 5 0 . § g7 � f3 5 1 . §f7 � d 2 + 52.�gl g5 53.§h7 �f3+ 54.�hl h4 5 5 . § f7 � e 5 5 6 . § g7 � f3 57.b3?!

Enough for a draw is 57.§f7 g4 58.§g7 5 9 . § h7 4Jf3 60 . § g7 , etc . (Tarrasch).

4J e 5

57 . . . e5 58.a4 b x a4 59.b x a4 �c5 60.§f7 e4 61.§e7 �d5

(377) Janowsky- Rubinstein St. Petersburg (8) 1 9 1 4 Queen 's Gambit Tarrasch [D40] l .d4 d5 2.�f3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.e3 �f6 5.Ad3 �c6 6.0-0 dxc4 7.Axc4 a6 8.�c3 b5 9. Ad3 c x d4 10.e x d4 �b4

ECO prefers 1 0 . . . .ilb7 l l . a 3 ite7 1 2 . .ile3 0-0 w i th equal i ty, Mun o z ­ O' Kelly, Leipzig Olympiad 1 960. It's worth mentioning that O' Kelly studied exte n s i vely w i th Rubinstein in the 1 940s. tt.Abt

� bd5

t2 . �e2

Ab7

3 02

62.a5?

This loses. After 62 .§g7 the position is still a draw. Now follows a pretty fin ­ ish (Tarrasch). .

The Years of World War I 62 ...g4 63 . .§g7 g3! 64.fxg3 e3, 0-1

.£l d 5 38 . .1}. d 2 b5 3 9 . .£l e 2 .£! b6 40.h4 jtd6 4 l .a3 .£j a4 4 2 . .1}.c1 .1le7 43.'1/e3 .1lf8 44 . .£jg1

(378) Rubinstein - Gunsberg St. Petersburg (9) I9 1 4 Center Counter [80I] l . d4 a6 2 .e4 d5 3 . e x d 5 � x d 5 4 . .£lc3 �a5 5 . .£lf3 c 6 6 . .1ld3 e6 7.0-0 .£lf6 8. �e2 .1le7 9 . .£le5 �dB 10 . .1le3 .£lbd7 ll . .§ad1 0-0 1 2.f4 .§e8 13 . .§f3 .£lf8 14 . .§h3 g6 15.g4 .£l d 5 1 6 . g 5 f6 1 7 . g x f6 .1}. x f6 18 . .£j e4 .1lg7 19 . .1lc1 .£le7 20.c3 .£l f5 2 1 . �g4 .§e7 2 2 . b 3 .§c7 23 . .1la3 b6 24 . .£lg5 .§aa7 25 . .1le4 �e8 2 6 . �g 2 .1lb7 2 7 . c 4 .1}.a8 28.d5 exd5 29.cxd5 .1l x e5 30.fxe5 c x d 5 31 . .1}. x f5 g x f5 3 2 . .£l x h7+ .§g7 33 . .£lf6+ 'l/f7 34.�xg7+, 1-0

Blackbume, who was 73 at the time, turned in a respectable performance at St. Petersburg. Here he refuses to be ground down by a man less than half his age. (379) Blackburne - Rubinstein St. Petersburg (IO) 1 9I4 French Exchange [COI] 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4 . .£lf3 .1}. d 6 5 . .1l d 3 .1lg4 6 . 0 - 0 .£J c 6 7 . .§ e 1 + .£lge7 8.c3 �d7 9 . .£l bd2 f6 10 . .£j f 1 0 - 0 1 1 . .£l e 3 .1l h 5 1 2 . .1}. d 2 .§ ae8 13 . .£l f l .£j d8 1 4 . .£l g3 .1lg6 1 5 . � c 2 .£l f7 1 6 . .1}. x g6 h x g6 1 7 . .£l h4 .£l h8 18. �d3 'l;f7 19.f4 �g4 20. �e2 �c8 2 1 . �f3 c6 22 . .§ e 2 .£l g8 23 . .§ a e 1 .§ x e 2 2 4 . � x e 2 .§e8 25.� x e8+ � x eS 26 . .§ x e8 '�; x eS 27 . .£le2 .£l e7 28 . .£lf3 .£l f7 29.g4 Ac7 30.Ae3 .£jd6 3 1 .'1/g2 'l/f7 32 . .!£) d2 �e6 33.h3 .!£)c4 34 . .1£) xc4 dxc4 35.�f3 a5 36 . .!£)g3 f5 37.g5

303

44 ... .£Jc5 45.dxc5 .1l xc5+ 46.'1/f3 .1}.xg1 47 . .1le3!, Draw (380) Rubinstein - Nimzovitch St. Petersburg (II) I9 I4 Queen's Pawn [A46] 1.d4 .£lf6 2 . .£lf3 e6 3 . .1lf4 c5 4.c3 cxd4 5 . .£l xd4 .£jc6 6.e3 d5 7 . .£jd2 .1}.d6 8 . .£lb5 .1}.b8 9 . .1l x b8 .§ x b8 10 . .1}.e2 a6 1 1 . .£jd4 e5 1 2 . .£j 4b3 .1lf5 1 3 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 14 . .1lf3 �e7 1 5 . �e1 .1ld3 16 . .1}.e2 .1lg6 17.f4 e x f4 18.exf4 .1le4 1 9 .�f2 .§feB 20 . .§fe1 �c7 21 . .£lc5 .§e7 22 . .£jfl .§be8 23 . .£l g3 g6 24 . .§ a d 1 h 5

Blackburne with Marco i n background

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 2 5 . h 4 �c8 2 6 . /il g x e4 d x e4 2 7 . Et d 6 'it'g7 2 8 . E{ e d l /il g4 29.�g3 /il h6 30.�g5 �f5, Draw

not without some bright moments. Dur­ ing 1 9 1 7 Akiva married Eugenie Lev. [This information was provided to us by Sammy Rubinstein and was con­ firmed by Nevil Coles in the BCM of 1 980 (p. 426) : "The outbreak of war in 1 9 1 4 for the time being stifled all Rubinstein's ambitions for the world championship. The rigours of the time might well have destroyed his reason for good and all had he not found in 1 9 1 7 a wife in Eugenie Lev who gave him much needed mental support and enabled him to continue his career in master chess for a further fifteen years." Note that the American Chess Bulletin of 1 920 gives a different account of Rubinstein's marriage : "Latest reports from the other side state that Akiva Rubinstein, who was married not long ago in Sweden (italics ours-Ed.) and was said to have completed arrange­ ments for coming to the United States, had not arrived in Holland, but was expected there in February for the pur­ pose of playing at several of the clubs."] Their union, which lasted unti l her death in 1 954, was a good one. In 1 9 1 8 Rubinstein's first son Jonas was born.

The years of World War I were diffi­ cult ones for Rubinstein. The first ef­ fect of the war was to end the world champ i o n s h i p match w i th Lasker scheduled for October 1 9 1 4. The sec­ ond was to confine him to Poland for the period 1 9 1 4- 1 9 1 7. Little is known about Rubinstein's ex­ periences during the war; but some his­ torical facts are perhaps worth mention­ ing. Poland was a major battleground duri n g the war and Wars aw, Rubinstein's city, was occupied by the Germans fro m August 6, 1 9 1 5 to November 1 3, 1 9 1 8 . Considering these facts, it's amazing that Akiva was able to play as much chess as he did. Limited to only play­ ing in Warsaw and Lodz against domes­ tic p l ayers, Rubinstein nonetheless managed to create some great works of art (see his games with Belsitzman and Factor). Rubinstein's play immediate l y after World War I lacks the consistency of his earlier days and suggests that some trauma affected his sensitive nervous system. However, the war years were

Warsaw City Championship March 6-28, 1 9 1 6

This event, organized b y the Warsaw Association of Chess Players, seems to

Warsaw 1916

I. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Rubinstein

XX

Lowcki

00 01 012 I Y2 00 00

Kleczynski Flamberg

Belsitzmann Glotzer 7. Bojmwitz

2 II XX

00 012 012 00 00

6 4 5 3 7 Total 9 10 112 012 11 11 11 112 112 II 11 9 XX 11 11 00 11 7 00 XX 112 II 11 612 00 012 XX II II 612 II 00 00 XX I Y2 312 Y2 00 00 00 OY2 XX 304

The Years of World War I have been Rubinstein's first significant event since St. Petersburg - a lapse of almost two years. Moishe Lowcki (his­ torical Elo 2440) kept pace in the tour­ nament, despite losing two games to Rubinstein, as Akiva dropped games to Jan K l eczyn s k i , Jr. and Z dz i s l aw Belsitzman. Rubinstein won the play­ off 2 Yz-Yz. First prize for the event was 75 rubles. All that has been preserved from this event is the following pawn ending from the first game of the match. (38 1 ) Lowcki- Rubinstein Warsaw (Play-oft) April 1 9 1 6 Black to move

l

.•.

f3!?

An interesting attempt to win the game. Instead 1 . . .<�e5 2. 'it'f3 'it'f5 is an easy draw, and l . . .'it'd4?? loses after 2.'it>f3 'it'c4 3.'it>xf4 'it'b4 4.g4 hxg3 5 . 'it'xg3 ,

etc. 2.gxf3+ 'it7f4!?

After 2 . . . 'iti'd3 3 . f4 'it>e4 4 . f5 ! 'it'xf5 5 .'it'f3 it is B lack who should fight for a draw : s . . . 'iti'e5 6.'it'g4 'it>e4! 7.'it'xh4 'it'f4 8.'it'h5 'it>f5 9.h4 'it'f6 1 0.'it'g4 'it'g6 1 1 . 'it>f4 'it'h5 with a draw.

305

3.'it7e2!

The only move. Losing is 3.<g 2? 'it'e3 4 . f4 'it' x f4 5 . 'it'f2 'it'e4 6.'iti'e2 'it'd4 7.'it'f3 'it'c4 8.'it'e4 'it'b4 9.'iti'd4 'iti'xa4 1 0.'it>c4 'it'a3 l l .'it'c3 a4 1 2 .<�c2 'it'b4 1 3 .'it>b2 'it'c4, etc.

3 ...'it7g3 4.'it7e3 'it7 xh3 5.'it7f2 'it7h2 6.f4 h3 7.f5 'it7hl 8.f6 h2, Draw Lodz December 1 9 1 6 - January 1 9 1 7

The activities of the Lodz Chess Soci­ ety during the period 1 9 1 6- 1 9 1 7 are not well-documented. Daniuszewski, in his history of the Lodz Chess Society, men­ tions that the Society held one tourna­ ment in 1 9 1 6 and two in 1 9 1 7 . He also adds that Rubinstein, then living in Warsaw, was especially invited to join Georg Salwe, Teodor Regedzifiski, Samuel Factor, and Moishe Hirschbein in a five-man, four-match tournament played in 1 9 1 7 . It's not clear to us i f this meant a four-round event or that each player met the other four partici­ pants four times. In either case (4 or 20 games) this is clearly a different event than the one that was held in Decem­ ber 1 9 1 6/January 1 9 1 7 . The Polish chess historian Dr. Wolsza has found newspaper accounts of the time which have the 1 9 1 61 1 7 event as a eight-player doubl e round robin. The absence o f Josek Gottesdiener from the list of par­ ticipants for the 1 9 1 7 event strongly suggests that Rubinstein's games with him are from the 1 9 1 6/ 1 7 event. Rub i n st e i n won t h i s eight-p l ayer double round robin event with a score of 1 2 Yz from 1 4 ( + 1 1 ,=3,-0). No other details are available.

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King To add to the c o n fu s i o n , Swiat Szachowy from 1 928 states that a tour­ nament was held in Lodz during 1 9 1 61 7 with the following results, but no scores provided:

1 1 . 4) e4 1 3.b4!

Jl,e7

1 2 . Jl, x f6 Jl, x f6

1 . Rubinstein, 2. Salwe, 3. Regedzifiski, 4-5 . Gottesdiener and Hirschbein, 6 . Factor. According to some sources, the follow­ ing two games were played at Lodz 1 9 1 6, without a clear record of when they were played and in which event. Especially confusing is the record for the game Rubinstein-Gottesdiener, for which Daniuszewski gives July 28, 1 9 1 6, while Wolsza gives Decem­ ber 1 9 1 6 . We assume that both these games were played in the Lodz 1 9 1 6/ 1 7 event. (382) Rubinstein - Gottesdiener Lodz 1 9 1 6/ 1 7 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D34)

(A) A totally forgotten and strong-look­ ing innovation by Rubinstein. Recent theory deals only with 1 3 .4:Jel ile7 1 4 . 4:Jd3 § b8 1 5 .4:Jf4 ilf5 1 6 . § c l with a small plus for White, but in Korchnoi­ Spassky, B e l grade 1 9 7 71 7 8 (match game 1 5), Black successfully defended his position. 1 3 . . . a6

Notes by Daniuszewski (D) and by Authors (A). l .d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd5 5.4)c3 4)c6 6.g3 4)f6 7.Jl,g2 Jl,e7 8 . 0 - 0 Jl,e6 9 . d x c 5 Jl, x c 5 10.Jl.g5

(D) White usually plays 1 0 . 4:Ja4, rec­ ommended by Tarrasch. Rubinstein's continuation is considered as leading to a good game for Black, but after his 1 3 .b4 White has the advantage in all variations.

( A) I f 1 3 . . . 4:J x b4? 1 4:i11 a 4 + 4:Jc6 1 5 . 4:Jxf6+ �xf6 16.4:Jxd4! with a clear advantage. 1 4 . a 4 4) x b4 1 5 . 4) x f6 + � x f6 1 6 . � x d4! � x d4 17.4) x d4 0-0-0 1 8 . 4) x e 6 f x e 6 1 9 . § fc l + �b8 20.a5 §d2?

(A) In the case of 20 . . . § c8 White wins a pawn by 2 1 .ilxb7 . The best defense was 20 . . . 4:Jd5 . 2 1 . Jl, x b7!

(D) The point of the whole conception ! 2 l . . . � x b7 22.E!cbl E!d4 23.Eta4 E!b8 24.E!ax b4+ E! x b4 25.E! x b4+ �c7

10 . . . d4

(A) Better is 10 . . . 0-0. 306

The Years of World War I 1 .d4 d5 2 .£)f3 .£lf6 3.c4 e6 4 .Q.g5 .£)bd7 5 .£lc3 Ae7 6.e3 0-0 7 .Q.d3 dxc4 s . .Q.xc4 a6 9.0-0 b5 10.Jl.d3 .Q.b7 l l .�e2 c 5 1 2 . E! a d1 c x d4 13.exd4 .£)b6 14 .£)e4? •

•

•

•

•

The isolated center pawn only offers certain advantages if it can be employed as the base for an attack. In a quiet po­ sitional game it usually becomes a source of weakness . Therefore White should not simplify, but should play

26.E! x b81

1 4 .
(D) This exchange requires calculation to the dot.

14 . . . .£) x e4 1 5 .Q. x e7 � x e7 1 6 .Q. x e4 E! fd8 1 7 . f! d 3 A x e4 18. � x e4 E!ac8 •

•

26 . . . cifj' x b8 27.f4 cifi'c7 28.e4 h 5 29.e51 cifi'c6 30.cifi'f2 g6 3 1.h3 cifi'b5 32.g4 hxg4 33.hxg4 cifi'c5

(A) If 33 . . . �xa5 34.f5 and wins. 34.cifi'e3 cifi'c6 35.cifi'e4 cifi'd7 36.f5 g x f5 + 3 7 . g x f5 e x f5 + 3 8 .cifi' x f5 cifi'e7 3 9 . e 6 cifi'e8 4 0 .cifi' e 5 cifi'e7 4 t .cifi' d 5 cifi'e8 4 2 .cifi'c6 cifi'e7 4 3 .cifi'b7 cifi' x e6 44.cifi' x a6 cifi'd7 45.cifi'b7, 1-0

As a result of the simplification White has now no prospects for an attack. The disadvantages of h i s isolated pawn gradually make themselves felt. B lack's position is superior. 1 9 . E! fd 1 .£l d 5 2 0 . E! 3d 2 .£)f6 2 1 . �e3 �b7 2 2 . h 3 h6 2 3 .E!e2 �d5 24.b3 � d 6 2 5 . E! c 1 .£l d 5 26.�d2

Teodor Regedzifiski ( 1 894- 1 954) rep­ resented Poland at several Olympiads, including The Hague 1 928 where he won the gold medal for the best result on board three. (383) Regedzinski- Rubinstein Lodz 1 9 1 61 1 7 Queen's Gambit Declined [D60] Notes by Kmoch. A game w i thout a ny u n u s u a l combinative brilliance. Yet it is notable as furnishing a simple example of the exploitation of the various weaknesses of the isolated queen's pawn. 307

26 ... �f41

Decisive! White cannot play 27.�xf4 because he would lose the exchange. If 2 7 .l:":id l then 27 . . .
Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King A x f4 2 3 . �c 3 A x e l 2 4 . � x c l � x c l + 2 5 . 4) x c l g6 2 6 . 4) d3 b6 27.4Je5 Ae8 28.
�xd2 or even 27 . . . �xd2 at once, and

the ending is very unfavorab le for White. 27 . .§ c 2 � x d 2 28 . .§ e x d 2 .§ x c 2 2 9. .§ xc2 4) b4 3 0. .§b2 §cS 3Vit>fl .§cl + 32.
The following game is given in Kmoch as being played in 1 9 1 7 . Keeping in mind that Gottesdiener was not on Daniuszewski 's list of players for the 1 9 1 7 event, and that the colors match perfectly, we would guess that it is the second game from Lodz 1 9 1 61 1 7 be­ tween Gottesdiener and Rubinstein.

The following game is hard to place. Kmoch has it being played in Lodz in 1 9 1 6 , w h i c h suggests the 1 9 1 6/ 1 7 event. On the other hand, Factor was on Daniuszewski 's list of players for the 1 9 1 7 tournament (we don 't know w h o p l ayed i n 1 9 1 61 1 7 b e s ides R u b i n s te i n , G otte s d i e n e r, and Regedzifiski).

(384) Gottesdiener- Rubinstein Lodz 1 9 1 6/ 1 7 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D64] l.d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5.4Jc3 4)bd7 6.e3 0-0 7 . .§cl c6 8 . c x d 5 e x d 5 9 . A d 3 4) e4 1 0 .j't x e4 A x g 5 l l . A b l .§ e S 1 2.0-0 Ae7 13.4)e2 Ad6 14.4)g3 4)f6 1 5 . 4) d 2 Ac7 1 6 . .§el �d6 t7.f4 Ad7 t8.4Jb3 4Jg4 t9.�f3 �h6 20.h3?

Samuel D. Factor was born in Lodz on September 9, 1 892, and was one of the stronger members of the Lodz club dur­ ing the period 1 9 1 2-20. Shortly after World War I he immigrated to the United States and represented his new homeland in the 1 928 Olympiad in The Hague. (385) Factor - Rubinstein Lodz 1 9 1 6 or 1 9 1 7 (?) Ruy Lopez [C68]

20 ... 4) xe31 21.E{ xe3 E{xe3 22.�xe3

Notes by Kmoch (K), Tartakover (T), and Kotov ( K o ) from Play Like a Grandmaster (pp. 20 1 -203). 308

The Years of World War I l . e4 e 5 2 . 4) {3 4) c 6 3 . Ab 5 a 6 4.Axc6

(K) In the Exchange Variation White obtai n s the b etter pawn p o s i t i o n . Against this Black gets the two bish­ ops. Since Rubinstein, in addition to being an excellent player, is also an outstanding artist in his handling of the two bishops, this variation is a useless weapon against him. 4 ... dxc6 5.d4 exd4 6.� xd4 � x d4 7.4) xd4 Ad6 8.f4 f6 9.Ae3 4)e7 10.4)d2 4)g6 l l .g3 c5 12.4)4f3 b6 1 3 . 0 - 0 Ab7 14 . .§ fe l 0 - 0 - 0 1 5 . A f 2 .§ he8 1 6 . .§ e 2 .§ d 7 17. .§ael .§de7 18.h4?

well-placed pieces by advancing the kingside pawns. In the long run, fur­ ther pressure will be applied to the weak pawn at e4 and the new weakness that will arise at f4. White's plan is based on advancing his e-pawn to divert Black from his plan. 18 . . . h5!

(Ko) Fixing the weakness at g4. 19.c4?

(Ko) A bad mistake, robbing White of the chance to advance his e-pawn sup­ ported by a knight on c4 . 19 . . . a5

(Ko) Before preparing the opening of lines on the kingside, B lack wants to close the other side. White goes along with this, though his only chance now is to keep open options of active play. 2 0 . a 4 �d7 2 1 .�fl Ac6 2 2 .b3 �c8 23 . .§e3 .Q.d7

(T) Seeking a more favorable field of action. (K) A weakening. Now after h5 a hole is created, and besides, the white bishop is condemned to complete uselessness by reason of the pawn position. (Ko) First of all, the assessment. White has weak squares at g4 and on the white squares generally. His pawn at e4 i s weak and u n d er threefo l d attack . Black's bishops are well placed, but he has the drawback of a doubled pawn, which makes it harder for him to ex­ ploit his advantage. Black's plan is to improve his piece position by putting his bishop on g6 or h7 and his knight on g4. Then he will try to exploit his 309

(Ko) Ruling out <£ld5 and preparing a possible retreat for the bishop if White plays a desperate e5 advance. 25.4)bl Ac7 26.4)c3 4) h8

(K) Rubinstein gradually improves his position: he prepares the breakthrough. 27 . .§ d 3 4) f7 28 . .§ e d l .Q.g4 29 . .§ td2 4)h6 30 . .Q.gt Ab8!

(Ko) A careful move to stop White get-

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King t i n g any i n i t i at i v e , e . g . 30 . . . .ll e 6 3 l .
43 . . . El g4.

3 1 .,11.f 2 Ae6 32.§dl .11.f7 33 . .11.g l

42 ...f51 43.exf5

(K) Wh ite can do noth i n g . He can merely look on as his opponent pre­ pares his threats.

(K) The threat was 43 . . .fxe4+ with the same continuation as in the game. If 43.e5, then 43 ... .1lxe5! 44.fxe5
B lack was threatening 4 2. . .
33 ... ,11.g 6 34.4)d2 4)f7

(Ko) Where is the knight going? Didn't we say it was needed at g4? Yes, but this maneuvering helps to mask his plans so that the knight will reach g4 eventually with effect.

43 . . . A x f5 44. 4) e4 A x e4+ 45.\tl xe4 §e8+ 46.\tlf3 §f71

(K) The subtle point ! 47 . . . .1l x f4 i s threatened. The pawn cannot b e held.

35.§el Ah7 36.\tlf3 4)h6 47. § d d l § ef8 48. § f l A x f4 49 . 4) x f4 § x f4+ 5 0 . \tlg 2 § x fl 5 1 . § x f l § x f l 5 2 . \tl x fl 4) h6 ! 5 3 . \tl e 2 4) f5 5 4 . A f 2 4) d4+ 5 5 . \tld 3 4) x b3 5 6 . A e 3 \tld7 5 7 . \tl c 3 4) d4 5 8 .,11. x d4 c x d4+ 5 9 . \tl x d4 \tl d 6 6 0 . \tl d 3 \tle5 6t.\tlc3 c5, 0-1

(Ko) Why not g5 at once? Once again the motives are conspiratorial. Remem­ ber the classical phrase, "The threat is stronger than its execution." The point is that the threat removes some of the tension that the opponent suffers from as we keep him in suspense. This un­ certainty can often induce panic.

Warsaw City Championship

37. .11.f2 4)g4 38.Agt g51

1917

(T) After B lack 's lengthy and slow preparation, the struggle now proceeds at an accelerated pace. 39.§e2 gxf4 40.gxf4 §g8 41.§el §eg7 42.4)e2

The Warsaw C ity Championship of 1 9 1 7 was a great result for Rubinstein, who scored 9- 1 against a field of strong masters. T h e fo l l o w i n g game i s o n e o f Rubinstein's best-known efforts and a rare miniature for him. Note that dif­ ferent sources have the game ending on move 1 6 or 1 8 . (386) Belsitzman - Rubinstein Warsaw, March 8, 1 9 1 7 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48] l.e4 e5 2 . .£l f 3 .£l c6 3 . .£lc3 .£lf6

310

The Years of World War I 4.Ab5 .£l d4 5.Ac4 Ac5 6.4) xe5 'I!J e7 7 .4)d3?!

1918

Rubinstein was able to travel to Berlin in the beginning of 1 9 1 8 despite the German occupation of Warsaw. He was attracted there, as were many other top players, by the master Bernhard Kagan ( 1 866-1 932). Hooper and Whyld's The Oxford Companion to Chess mentions that the Polish born chess publisher and organizer financed many tournaments during this difficult period. Rubinstein, for one, p l ayed a match against Schlechter, and two very strong qua­ drangular events against stiff opposi­ tion. Rubi nstei n ' s resu l t s i n these

Better is 7.4Jf3 . 7 ...d5! 8.4) xd5 'I!J xe4+ 9 .£le3 J,td6 10.0-0? .

This natural move is the decisive mis­ take. More resistance i s offered by 1 0 . c3 4Jf5 l l .�e2, though Black has the advantage after 1 1 0-0 (Razuvaev). . . .

10 ... b5 n.Ab3 Ab7 12 . .£le1 'I!J h4 13.g3 'I!J h3 14.c3

14 ... h5! 15.cxd4 h4 16.'1fJe2

Here 16.f3 does not help, as 16 . . . hxg3 1 7 . �e2 gxh2+ 18.'iff h l 4Jh5 19.4Jf5+ 'iff f8 wins for Black.

16 . . . '1fJ x h 2 + ! 1 7 . 1it' x h 2 h x g3 + 18.1it'g1 § h 1 + mate, 0 - 1

Carl Schlechter

Warsaw 1917

2

3

4

5

6

I . Rubinstein

XX

)Y,

Y:zl

II

II

II

9

2. Lowcki 3. Belsitzmann 4. Flamberg

O Y2

XX

10

10

II

II

6Y,

Y,O

01

XX

01

I Y2

II

6

00

01

10

XX

II

II

6

5. Langleben Kleczynski

00 00

00 O Y, 00

00

XX

10

I Y2

00

00

01

XX

6.

Total

Source: Jeremy Gaige (K. Wroblenski Lodz 1975) 31 1

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King b5 1 5.cxb5 lf:)xd4 16.A xd4 axb5 17.a3 E!b8 18.f4 Ae6 19.if:)d5 c6 2 0 . 1£) x f6 + A x f6 2 l . f 5 g x f5 22.exf5 Ac4 23.E!fe1 E!e51

events, while more than acceptable to almost every chess player, indicated that he was no longer the conqueror of 1 9 1 2 and that World War I had upset his finely tuned nervous system.

Best. After 23 .. J'!xe l 24.El.xel B lack is lost; for example, 24 . . . .llg5 25.El.e8+!

Rubinstein's return to the international arena, after a break of four years, saw him defeat his old rival Carl Schlechter by 3 Vl-2Vl. Typical ly, Akiva started slowly and was a point down at the mid­ point, but wins in games four and five helped him keep his undefeated match record intact.

�xe8 26.�xg5+ �f8 27 .Ag7+ �g8 2 8 . Ah 6 + and 2 9 . �g 7 + mate

(Schlechter). 24.Axe5 AxeS 25.Axc6 �f6

(387) Schlechter - Rubinstein Berlin (I) January 2 1 , 1 9 1 8 Vienna [ C28] 1 .e4 e5 2 . Ac4 lf:)c6 3.if:)c3 lf:)f6 4.d3 Acs s.Ae3 Ab6 6. �d2 d6 7.if:)ge2 Ae6 8.A xe6 fxe6 9.A xb6 axb6 10.0-0 0-0 l l .f4 d51 1 2.exd5 exd5 13.fxe5 if:)xe5 14.1£)d4 �d7 1 5 . E! a e 1 E! ae8 1 6 . �g 5 lf:)c6 ! 1 7 . if:)c b S I£) x d4 1 8 . 1£) x d4 E! x e 1 19. E! xe1 E!e8 20.E!e5 h 6 2 1. �e3 E! x e5 2 2 . � x e 5 �e8 2 3 . � x e8+ if:)xe8 24.1£)e6 �f7, Draw

26.E! xe5

According to Bachmann, White was in time trouble and preferred to re­ turn the exchange, while 26.El.abl with the idea of 26 . . . d5 27.b3! keeps win­ n i n g c hances . We think that after 2 6 . . . � h 8 ! ( i nten d i n g 27 . . . El.g8 , i f 2 7 . El.g l d 5 ! ) , B l ac k h a s strong counterplay and good compensation for the exchange.

(388) Rubinstein- Schlechter Berlin (2) January 22, 1 9 1 8 King's Indian [E68] 1 .d4 lf:)f6 2 .c4 d6 3.if:)c3 lf:)bd7 4.e4 e5 S . if:)ge 2 g6 6 . g 3 Ag7 7 . Ag2 e x d4 8 . 1£) x d4 0 - 0 9 . 0 - 0 if:)c S 1 0 . h 3 E!e8 l l .f3 Ad7 12.Ae3 a6 13.�d2 lf:)e6 14.�h2

26 . . . d x e 5 27. Ae4 E!d8 2 8 . � e3 E!d4 2 9 . E! e 1 �d8 3 0 . f6 � x f6 31.Ag2 E!d3, Draw

Rubinstein-Schlechter Berlin, January 21-30, 1918

I. Rubinstein 2. Schlechter

I

2

3

4

5

6

y,

y,

0

3Y,

y,

I 0

y,

y2

I 0

y,

2Y2

3 12

Total

The Years of World War I (389) Schlechter- Rubinstein Berlin (3) January 23, 25 and 26, 1 9 1 8 Ruy Lopez [C77]

2 8 .§ a 7 AdS 2 9 . .§ d a 1 .§ b4 30.-'l,dS .§b2 31 .§c1 hS 32 . .§c2 .§b1+ 33.
•

l .e4 e S 2 . .!£)f3 .!£)c6 3 . -'l. b S a6 4.Aa4 .!£)f6 s. �e2 bS 6.Ab3 Acs 7.a4 .§b8 8.axb5 a x bS 9.d3 0-0 1 0 . 0 - o d6 1 t . A e 3 Ag4 1 2 . h3 A x f3 1 3 . � x f3 .!£)d4 1 4 . -'l, x d4 A x d4 1S . .i£)c3 g6

Lasker recommends 1 5 . . . Axc3, fol­ lowed by . . . <£)d7 or . . .§ aS. .

16 . .!£)d1 .i£)h5 17.c3 JlcS 18 . .!£)e3 b4 1 9 . Ac4 b x c3 2 0 . b x c 3 �g S 21 . .§fd1 .!£)f4?

Better is 2 l . . .�f4 with equality. Also to be considered is 2 l . . . .§b2. 22.d41 exd4?

A b lunder that loses a piece. B lack should play 22 . . .�b6, though 23.dxe5 dxe5 24 . .§ d7 favors White. 23.cxd4 Ab6

•

•

•

•

(390) Rubinstein- Schlechter Berlin (4) January 26-27, 1 9 1 8 Slav [DIS] Notes by Kmoch. 1 .d4 dS 2 . .i£)f3 .!£)f6 3.c4 c6 4 . .!£)c3 dxc4 s.e3 .1l.g4

At a later period, Alekhine pointed out that here 5 . . . b5 6.a4 b4 , etc., affords a suitable defense. 6 . .1l, x c4 e6 7 . 0 - 0 .!£)bd7 8 . h 3 Jl x f3?1

Preferable is 8 ... �h5 . 9 . � x f3 .1l,e7 1 0 . .§ d 1 0 - 0 l l .e4 .§e8 12 .1l,f4 .!£)f8 •

24.h4! � x h4 25.g3 �f6

Or 25 . . . <£)h3+ 26.'.t>g2 �h6 27.<£)g4 and wins.

313

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King White certainly has the superior posi­ tion by reason of his strong center and hi s two bi shop s . Nevertheless, it i s amazing how quickly Rubinstein anni­ hilates the opposing army.

With 17 . . . .§ f8 18 . .1ld6 {Jxd7 , B lack might have put up a better fight. 18 ..1l,d6 Etxd7 19.Axe6 fxe6 20.g5 Et xd6 21.Et xd6 �c5

Losing a piece. But 2 1 . . . .1lc7 22 . .§ xe6 is also hopeless.

13.d511

Simple, yet White obtains an irresist­ ible attack. It is interesting to note that Rubinstein plays for ideas that are psy­ chologically abhorrent to his particu­ lar opponent. Aside from the from the chess merit of the move - which more often than not is good - such strategy is an important weapon to the master tournament p layer. There has been much speculation about what grand­ master Rubinstein used to think about in the first 1 0 or 1 5 minutes that he used at the beginning of each game. That this time was employed in remembering his game (#236) against the same opponent in 1 909 seems convincing. 13 ... exd5 14.exd5 �b6

If 14 . . . cxd5, B lack loses the b7 - pawn, to s ay the l e a s t : 15 .
15.d6 -'td8 16.g4!

Threatening 17 .g5
2 2 . Et x d8+ Et x d8 2 3 .g x f6 �g5+ 24.�g4 � x f6 25.Ete1 e5 26.�g3 Ete8 2 7 . 4:) e4 �e7 2 8 . Et d 1 Etf8 29.Etd6 �h8 30. �g4 Etd8 31.Ete6 �b4 32.�g5 �e1+ 33.�h2 Etf8 34.Ete7!, 1-0

For after 34 . . . .§ xf2 + 3 5 .h1 ii'Yc l + 38. ii'Yg1,

there are no more checks. (39 1 ) Schlechter- Rubinstein Berlin (5) January 27 28, 1 9 1 8 Ruy Lopez [C68] -

1 . e4 e 5 2 . 4:) f3 4:)c6 3 . A b 5 a6 4.A xc6 dxc6 5.4:)c3 f6 6.d4 exd4 7 . � x d4 � x d4 8 . 4:) x d4 .1l,d6 9.Ae3 4:)e7 10.0-0 Ad7 1 1 . Etad1 c5 1 2.4:)de2 4:)g6 13.4:)d5 0-0-0 14. 4:) b6+?? c x b6 1 5 . Et x d6 -'1_b5! 1 6 . Et x d8+ Et x d8 1 7 . 4:) c3 -'1_ x f l 1 8 . � x f 1 �c7 1 9 . � e 2 �c6 20.4:)b1 b5 21 .4:)d2 4:)e5 22.4:)fl 4:) c 4 2 3 . A c 1 a 5 2 4 . 4:) e 3 4:) x e3 25.A xe3 a4 26.f3 b4 27 . .1l,d2 �b5 28.-'te3 �c4 29.Ad2 b3 30.cxb3+ axb3 3 1 .a3 b5 32.g4 EtaS 33.Ac1 b4 34.axb4 Eta1 35.b5 Et xc1 36.b6 Etc2+ 37.�d1 Et xb2 38.b7 Etxh2 39.b8 = � b2, 0-1

2 1 .d7 .

(392) Rubinstein - Schlechter Berlin (6) January 29-30, 1 9 1 8 Queen's Gambit Cambridge Springs [D52]

16 ... 4:) e 6 17.d7! Ete7

1 .d4 d5 2.4:)f3 4:)f6 3.c4 e6 4.4:)c3

3 14

The Years of World War I .£lbd7 s . .il.g5 c6 6.e3 �as 7.�b3 .£j e4 8 . A h 4 Ab4 9 . E! c 1 .£j b6 1 0 . .il. d 3 d x c4 1 1 . .i}. x c4 �a4 1 2 . Jtd 3 � x b3 1 3 . a x b3 .£l f6 1 4 .'\t'e2 .£l bd 5 1 5 . .£l e 5 Ae7 16.E!a1 .£j b4 17.Ab1 b6 18.E!c1 .il.b7 19.f3 .£!fd5 20.j'txe7 '\t'xe7 2 1 . .£l d 3 E!he8 22 . .£1 x d 5 + .£! xd5 23.b4 g6 24.Ac2 f6 25.Ab3 E!ed8 2 6 . E! a 3 a6 27 .Jta4 E! ac8 28.e4 .£lc7 29.Jt xc6 Jtxc6 30.E! xc6 .£lb5 3 1 . E! x c8 E! x c8 3 2 . E! x a6 .£l x d4+ 3 3 .'\t'e3 .£j c 2 + 3 4 .'\t'd 2 .£j d4 35.'\t'e3 .£lc2+ 36.'\t'd2 .£ld4, Draw Berlin 1918

Rubinstein's first international tourna­ ment in many years was a disaster. Con­ fronted by the n ew l y d i s c o v ered Budapest Defense (it was introduced in Esser-Breyer, Budapest in November 1 9 1 6) , he scored only a half point against it in three tries. Rubinstein was upset enough about his result that immediately after the event he challenged Vidmar, who had beaten him twice, to a match the following winter. Unfortunately this never came to pass. (393) Schlechter- Rubinstein Berlin ( 1 ) April 20, 1 9 1 8 Ruy Lopez [C83] l . e4 e S 2 . .£l f3 .£j c 6 3 . .il. b 5 a6 4.Jta4 .£l f6 5.0-0 .£! x e4 6.d4 b5 7.Jtb3 dS 8.dxe5 Jte6 9.c3 .il.e7 1 0 . .il. e 3 0-0 1 1 . �d3 .£l a S 1 2 . .£jbd2 c5 13.Ac2 Af5 14 . .£j xe4 .i}. x e4 1 5.�e2 .£jc4 16.E!ad1 �c7 1 7 . .Q. c 1 .Q. x c 2 1 8 . � x c 2 .£j x e 5 1 9 .'l�H 5 .£l x f3+ 2 0 . � x f3 .i}.d6 21 .g3 d4 22.c xd4 c4 23.d5 E!fe8

2 4 . A d 2 E!e7 2 5 . E! fe 1 E! ae8 2 6 . E! x e7 E! x e7 2 7 . Jt f4 g6 2 8 . Jt x d 6 � x d 6 2 9 . � c 3 h 5 30.�d4 E!eS 31 .a4, Draw

(394) Mieses- Rubinstein Berlin (2) April 2 1 , 1 9 1 8 Center Game [ C22] l .e4 eS 2.d4 e x d4 3 . � x d4 .£Jc6 4. �c4 .£lf6 5 . .£lc3 Ae7

B lack 's best is 5 . . . d5! 6.4:Jxd5 4:lxd5 7.exd5 4:Jb4, etc. 6 . .il.e3 0-0 7.0-0- 0 .£l g4 8 . �e2 .£j x e3 9 . � x e 3 d 6 1 0 . f4 Jtf6 1 1 . .£j f3 Jt x c 3 1 2 . � x c 3 �f6 13.�xf6 gxf6 14. .i}.b5 .£le7 1 5.f51 a6 1 6 . Ad 3 .£l c 6 17 . .£l g 1 1 .£l e 5 1 8 . .£l h 3 .il. d 7 1 9 . .£l f4 .il. c 6 2 0. .£l h 5 .£ld7 2 1 .g4 E!fe8 22.E!de1 E!eS 23.E!e2 E!ae8 24.E!he1 '\t'f8 25.'\t'd2 b5 26.a3 aS 27.b3 '\t'e7 28 . .£j f4 E! g8 2 9 . h 3 .£j b6 3 0 . c4 b x c4 3 l . Jt x c4 .£l x c4 + 3 2 . b x c4 '\t'd7 33 . .£lh5 '\t'e7 34 . .£l f4 '\t'd7 3 5 . .£l h 5 '\t'e7 36 . .£l f4 '\t'd7 37 . .£l d 5 Jt x d S 3 8 . c x d 5 E!b8 3 9 . E! e 3 E! ee8 4 0 . E! c 3 E! b 2 + 4 1 .'\t'e3 E! e b 8 4 2 . E! e c 1 E! 8b3 43. '\t'd4 E! d 2 + 44.'\t'e3 E! h 2 4 S .'\t'd4 E! b 7 4 6 . E! 1 c 2 E! h 1 47 . E! c 1 E! h 2 48. E! 1 c 2 E! x c 2 49.E! xc2 E!b1 SO.E!c4 E!h1 51.E!c3 E!h2 52.'\t'c4 c6 53.dxc6+ '\t'xc6 5 4 .'\t'd4 + '\t'd7 5 5 . E! b 3 '\t'c6 5 6 . E! c 3 + 'it'd 7 57. '\t'c4 '\t'c6 58. '\t'b3 + '\t'b5 5 9 . E! d 3 '\t'c6 6 0 .'\t'a4 E!e2 6 1 .'\t' x a S E! x e4 6 2 . E! c 3 + '\t'b7 6 3 . E! b 3 + '\t'c7 64.'\t'a6 E! a4 + 6 5 .'\t'bS E! f4 66.E!c3+ '\t'd7 67.a4 hS 68. E!c4 E!f3 69.a5 E!b3+ 70.'\t'a4 E! x h3 71 .a6 h xg4 72.a7 E!hS 73.�b5 d5

31 5

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 74. Et x g4 'if; d 6 7 5 . Et f4 1 'it> e S 76.Etfl d 4 77.'if;b6 d 3 78.'if;b7 d 2 79.a8 = 'il11 Et x a8 80. 'if} x a8 dl = 'il11 S t . Et x d l 'if; x fS 8 2 . 'if}b7 'if}e4 8 3 . Et e l +I 'if}d4 84 . Etf l 'if; e S 8S.'if;c6 f S 86.'if;c5 'if;e4 87.'if;c4 f4 SS. Et e l + 'it>f3 8 9 . 'if; d 3 'if; g 2 90.Ete2+ 'it>g3 91.Ete7, 1-0

the pioneers of the Budapest, and that this newly di scovered gambit gave Rubinstein fits in Berlin (Y2-2Y2! ) are all beyond question. What doesn't seem to work is the bit about this game be­ ing played in round one. The tourna­ ment book by Kagan states clearly that it was played in the third round. Abonyi may well have helped Vidmar prepare, but it clearly was not five minutes be­ fore round one.

Andy Soltis's Karl Marx Plays Chess (p. 1 4 1 ) gives the following story about this game: "Desperation preparation is a feature of some of the most memo­ rable stories of the great masters of the past. Take the case of Berlin 1 9 1 8 when the first-round pairings were drawn up five minutes before the clocks were to be started. Milan Vidmar had virtually no time to figure out what to do against the v i rt u o s o of the w h i t e p i e c e s , Poland's Akiva Rubinstein. ' What shall I play? ' Vidmar asked a friend, Istvan Abonyi.

(395) Rubinstein Vidmar Berlin (3) April 22, 1 9 1 8 Budapest [A52] -

Notes by Vidmar (V) and Trifunovic (T). l .d4 4) f6 2 .c4 eS 3 . d x e5 4) g4 4.Af4 4)c6 5 . 4) {3 Ab4+ 6.4)c3 'il1t e7 7.'il1f d5 A xc3+ 8.bxc3 'il1t a3 9.Etcl f6 10.exf6

(V) I f 1 0 . e 6 d x e 6 ! l l . � h S + g6

"The Hungarian took three minutes to show him the latest idea against l .d4, a curious gambit that had been kicking around the local clubs. Vidmar tried it and the opening gave him his most cel­ ebrated victory."

1 2 .�xg4 e5 1 3 .�h4 exf4 1 4 .�xf4 0-0

with advantage for Black. 10 4) xf6 ll.'il1fd2 d6 1 2.4)d4 0-0 l3.e3 4) xd4!14.cxd4 4)e4 1 S.'il1f c2 'il1t a5+ 16.'if}e2 ..•

Like many stories involving Rubinstein, this tale seems to have been embel­ l i s h ed . That t h i s game is one of Vidmar's best, that Abonyi was one of

(V) Or 1 6.'it'dl .ll f5 17 . .1ld3 4Jxf2 + 18.�xf2 .ll x d3 with a clear advantage for B lack.

Berlin 1918 April 20

-

May 1

2 I. Vidmar

XX

3

'12'12 Y2 1

4

Total

II

4Y2

2. Schlechter

'12'12

3. Mieses

'120 0'12

XX

II

4. Rubinstein

00 '12Y2 00

XX

xx

3 16

I '12 Y2Y2

3 Y2 3

The Years of World War I t!Jf7 2 7 .'f1d2 b6 2 8 . E{ d 1 h6 29.'f1f2 �h8 30.'fJe3 t!Jf6 3 1 .g3, Draw

(397) Rubinstein- Mieses Berlin (5) April 28, 1 9 1 8 Budapest [A52]

16 . . . E{ x f41! 17.exf4 .1'U 5 18.'�' b2 E{e8 19.�f3

(T) If 19.�dl then 19 . . . 4Jg3 wins.

l .d4 4) f6 2 .c4 e5 3 . d x e 5 4) g4 4.Af4 4Jc6 s.4Jf3 Ab4+ 6.4Jc3 'f1e7 7.'f1d5 A x c3+ 8.bxc3 'fJa3 9 .'f1d3 'f1a5 1 0 . E{ c 1 4) g x e 5 1 1 . 4) x e 5 4) x e 5 1 2 .'f1g3 d 6 13.'f1xg7 4)g6 14.h4 14 .e4 was a better try (Lasker).

(V) In case of 21.'i!tf3 Black wins by 2 1 . . . h 5 ! 2 2 . h 3 h 4 ! 2 3J�d l 4J g 5 + 2 4 . fxg5 �e4+ 2 5 . 'ifi'e3 �xg5 + 26.f4 �xg2+ 27.'�d3 �g3 + . (T) If, after 21. 'ifi'f3 h5!, White plays 22 .g3, then Black wins by 22 . . . 4Jd2 + 2 3 . 'ifi'g2 �e4+ 24.'i!tgl 4Jf3+ 2 5 . 'i!tg2 4Jxd4+ 26.'i!tgl 4Jf3+ 27.�g2 h4, etc.

21 . . . E{e6 2 2 .Ae2 Eth6+ 23.Ah5 E{ xh5+ 24.�xh5 Ag6+, 0-1

(396) Rubinstein- Schlechter Berlin (4) April 26, 1 9 1 8 Budapest [A52]

14 . . . h5 1 5 .e4 Ae6 16.Ag5 �d7 17.f4 E{ae8 18.Ae2 'f1xa2!

With the point that 19 . f5 i s met by 2 0 . A x c 4 .§ x e 4 + and

19 . . . A x c 4 2 l . . .�xc4 .

19.0-0 Ethg8 20.'fJd4 'fJ xe2 2 1.f5 A x c4 2 2 . f x g6 E{ x e4 2 3 .'fJ x a7 E{ xg6 24.E{f2 'f1d3 25.'fJ xb7 E{e2 2 6 . E{ x e 2 'fJ x e 2 2 7 . E{ a 1 E{ g8 2 8 . E{ a7 ? t!J e 1 + 2 9 . � h 2 'fJ e S + 30.�g1 'fJcS+ 31 .�h1 AdS, 0-1

(398) Vidmar - Rubinstein Berlin (6) April 30, 1 9 1 8 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D55]

l . d4 4)f6 2 .c4 e S 3 . d x e 5 4) g4 4.Af4 4Jc6 s .4Jf3 Ab4+ 6.4Jc3 'f1e7 7.'f1d5 f6 8 . e x f6 A x c 3 + 9 . b x c 3 4) x f6 1 0 .'fJd3 d6 l l .e3 0 - 0 1 2 . Ae 2 4) e4 1 3 .'f1c2 4Jc5 14.4)d4 4Je5 1 5 . 0-0 Ad7 16.f3 E{ae8 17 . .Q.g3 'f1f7 18.Axe5 !! xeS 19.e4 a6 20.E{ae1 .Q.e6 2 1 . 4) xe6 'f1 x e6 2 2 . E{f2 Ete8 23 . .Q.f1 'f1d7 24. .§d2 �c6 25 . .§bl �d7 26 . .§d5 317

1.d4 dS 2.c4 e6 3.4Jc3 4)f6 4.Ag5 Ae7 s.e3 b6 6.4Jf3 Ab7 7.cxd5 exdS 8.Ad3 0-0 9.0-0 cS 10.E{c1 4) bd7 1 1 .'f1e2 c4?! 1 2. Af5 E{e8 1 3 .4J e 5 4) f8 1 4 . A h 4 4) e4 ? 1 5 . A x e4 .Q. x h4 1 6 . A b 1 A e 7 17.'f1f3 f 6 18.4) xc4 E{c8 19.4)d2 Ad6 2 0 . a 3 .Q.b8 2 1 . A a 2 �h8 22.g3

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King If 2 2 . la.xd5 then 22 . . . .§ xc3! 23.la.xb7 �c7! is strong. 22 E! xc3 23.E! xc3 .£le6 24.E!fc1 .£l g S 2 S . �g 2 �d7 2 6 .h4 .£l f7 27. te/f3 .£lh6 28 . .1}.b1 �e6 29.e4! .1}.d6 30 . .1}.a2 dxe4 31 . .1}. x e6 exf3 32.dS fS 33 . .£l xf3 g6 34 . .£lg5 E!e7 3 S.b4 �g7 36.E!c6 A xc6 37.E! xc6 .1}.eS 38.d6 E!e8 39.E!c7+, 1-0 ..•

32.E! xd6 E! xd6 33.E!h1 �g7 34.g3 Ac8 3 5 . E! c 1 Ad7 3 6 . E! a 1 Ac8 37.c3 E!d3 38.E!c1 .1l.d7 39.�e2 E!d6 40. E! a 1 .1}.c8 4 1 . .£l a S .£l c7 42.c4 bxc4 43 . .£lexc4 E!d4 44.E!c1 .£lbS 4S . .£Jc6 E!d7 46 . .£!4a5 E!c7 47.E!cS Ae6 48 . .£ld8 A gs 49.f4 E! x c S SO.b x c S e x f4 S 1 . g x f4 hS S 2 .g x h 5 g x h S 5 3 . �f3 �f8 S4 . .£j dc 6 �e8 S 5 . �g3 .£l c 3 S6.�f3 fS, Draw

Berlin 1918

After his debacle in Berlin earlier in the year, Rubinstein returns to form and turns in a solid result half a point be­ hind the world champion. This was to be one of the last tournaments for the great Schlechter, who died on Decem­ ber 27, 1 9 1 8 . The event was held at the Cafe Kerkau and organ ized by the indefatigable Kagan.

(400) Rubinstein- Schlechter Berlin (2) October I and 3, 1 9 1 8 Old Indian [A53] Notes by Lasker (L), Kmoch (K) and Authors (A). l . d4 .£l f6 2 . .£l f3 d6 3 .c4 .11.g 4 4 . .£l c3 .£lbd7 S.h3 A x f3 6.exf3 eS 7 . .Q.e3 c6

(L) Unnecessary. B l ack must p l ay 7 ... la.e7 followed by . . 0-0 . .

The third game, between Rubinstein and Lasker sees their personal score stay at 50 percent ( 1 lh- 1 lh). (399) Lasker- Rubinstein B erlin ( 1 ) September 28, 1 9 1 8 Ruy Lopez [C84] l . e4 e5 2 . .£jf3 .£l c 6 3 . A b S a6 4.Aa4 .£lf6 s . .£Jc3 Ae7 6.0-o bS 7 . .Q.b3 d6 8 . d 3 .£l a 5 9 . h 3 0 - 0 10.Ag5 Ab7 1 1 ..£l d 2 h 6 12.Ah4 .£l x b3 1 3 . a x b3 dS 14.E!e1 d x e4 1 S . d x e4 .£l d 7 1 6 . A x e7 � x e7 1 7 . .£l f 1 .£l c 5 18 . .£l g3 g6 1 9 . b4 .£Je6 20 . .£ld5 �g5 21. �g4 � xg4 2 2 . h x g4 f6 23 . .£le3 E!fd8 24.f3 E!d6 25 . .£l e 2 E!ad8 26 . .£l c 1 c5 27.bxc5 .£! xc5 28.b4 .£je6 29 . .£lb3 �f7 30.�f2 E!c8 3 1 . E!.ad1 E!.cd8 318

8 . .1}.e2 Ae7 9.0-0 0-0 10. �c2 �c7 1 1 . E! ad 1 e x d4 1 2 . A x d4 E! fe8 13.f4 E!ad8 14.E!d2 a6 1 5 . E!fd1 .£lf8 16 . .Q.e3 .£je6

Emanuel Lasker

The Years of World War I (L) B lack intends to play 17 . . . b5.

(K) Attack is the soul of the game. White sacrifices an important pawn in order to make a breech in the enemy's king position.

17.a4 a5 18.f5 .i£)c5 19.Af4 Af8 20.Af3 .l£)fd7

27 ... .1£) xa4

(K) Half-famished Schlechter - what a great contestant he was ! He stands con­ fined and senses the highly dangerous attack of White's g-pawn. Hence he resolves upon the spirited sacrifice of a pawn, which even at White's best play offers far better drawing chances than a passive defense. (A) Schlechter alertly realizes his d-pawn is a goner and j ettisons it at a particu­ larly good time. Rubin stein cannot refuse the offer, as . . .£le5 is coming.

(L) B lack is in trouble; for example: 27 . . . .£\ x e 4 2 8 . fx e 4 f6 2 9 . c 5 ! , o r 27 . . . .£ld7 28.f6, and if 28 . . . g6? 29.c5 ! . T h e o n l y c h a n c e i s o ffered b y 27 . . . .£ld7 28.f6 .£\xf6 29 . .£\xf6+ gxf6 30. �xf6 �d7 3 l .�g2, and now per­ haps 3 1 . . .b5.

28.f61 .i£)c5

.

(L) Now White wins by force. 2 l . A x d 6 A x d6 2 2 . E{ x d 6 .i£)e5 2 3 . Et x d8 .l£) x f3 + 24.g x f3 E{ x d8 25 . .1£)e4! E{ xdl +?

29 .1£) xc5 bxc5 30.�g4 g6 31.�g3! �dB 32. �e5 a4 33.h4 h6 34.
(L) Unnecessary ! Now White takes control of the d-file. Why not 25 . . . b6, followed by . . .f6? ( A) L a s k er ' s p o i n t i s w e l l taken . White's material advantage is negli­ gible (a tripled f-pawn) and the reason he quickly gets the better of it in the game is because of h i s beautifully centralized pieces. The knight on e4 can ' t easily be removed, but there is no cause to let White's queen come to the center. 26.'� xdl b6 27.�d4!

39 . . . g5 Berlin 1918 September 28

-

October 1

2 I . Lasker

XX

3

'lz'lz 'lz!

2 . Rubinstein

'lz\li

3. Schlechter

Y>O O'lz

4. Tarrasch

00

XX

Total 4\li

I \I, \Iii

4

'lz'h

2

XX

I 'lz

XX

\1,0 y, y,

319

4 II

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 1 8.�xe6+ 'it'hS 19.4Jde5 �eS 20.4Jg5 4Jd5 2 1 .4Jef7+ �gS 2 2 . 4Jh6+ �hS 2 3 . �g S + § x gS 2 4 . 4Jf7 + � x f7 25 .�xf7+ mate.

(K) B l ack fal l s i nto zugzwang. I f 3 9 . . .'�bS then 40:�d7! �as 4 1 .h5 g5 42.f4! , etc. And if 39 . . . �aS the deci­ sive continuation is 40.h5 g5 4 l .�d7 'it'fS 4 2 . 'it'g l �gS 4 3 . f4 ! . The White

queen will penetrate on the g-file. 40 . h x g 5 h x g5 4 1 . � e 3 42. � x g5 + Citlf8 4 3 . �g7 + 44. �g8 + Citld 7 4 5 . � g4 46 . � x e 6 + f x e6 4 7 . Citlg3 48.Citlf4 Citlxf6 49.Citle4, 1-0

�e6 Citle8 Citle8 Citlf7

14 . . . 4:)f5 1 5 . E!adl Ae6 1 6 . �a3 4:)c4 17.�c3 4:)cd6 18.4:)c5 Jl,d5 1 9 . Ele 5 b6 2 0 . 4:) a 6 f6 2 1 . Elee l Elc8 22.4:)b4 �d7 23.4:) xd5 cxd5 24. � b 3 4:) c4 2 5 . El c l 4:) fd6 2 6 . Ad 3 E! fe8 27 . E! x e8+ � x eS 28.Elel �d7 29.J}.bl Ele8 30. �d3 g6, Draw

(40 I) Tarrasch- Rubinstein Berlin (3) October 1 9 1 8 Giuoco Piano [C54]

(402) Rubinstein- Lasker Berlin (4) October 9, 1 9 1 8 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [D34]

l .e4 e5 2 . 4:) f3 4:)c6 3 . Jl.c4 Ac5 4.c3 4:)f6 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4 J}.b4+ 7 . A d 2 A x d 2 + 8 . 4:) b x d 2 d 5 9.exd5 4:) xd5 10.�b3 4:)ce7

This line might be seen more often in GM practice if Black didn't have the annoying option of 1 0 . . . 4Ja5 , when 1 1 . �a4 + 4Jc6 ( p l a n n i n g . . . 4Jb6) 1 2 .�b3 4Ja5 offers a draw by repeti­ tion, as in M i l e s -Korchno i , S outh Africa 1 979.

Notes by Lasker. l .d4 d5 2.4:)f3 c5 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd5 5.4:)c3 4:)c6 6.g3 4:)f6 7 . .Q.g2 A e 6 8 . 0 - 0 Ae7 9 . d x c 5 J}. x c 5 1 0. .Q.g5 0-0 l l .E!cl Ab6!?

A bit speculative, but seems to be the right continuation. 1 2.b3 Ele8 13.e3 4:)b41

Threatening 1 4 . . . h6 1 5 . � x f6 �xf6 1 1 .0 - 0 0-0 1 2 . E! fe l c6 1 3 . 4:) e4 4:)b6 t4.Afl

This game is mistakenly given in ECO, volume C, second edition, with the con­ tinuation 1 4 . 4Jc5 4Jxc4 1 5 .�xc4 b6 16.4Jd3 �b7 with equality. It did not go that way, but Tartakover, in My Best Games of Chess, 1 905- 1 930 (pp. 1 821 83), continues with 1 7 . § ad l and the assessment that Black's position is dif­ ficult. Lasker, in Kagan's pamphlet on the tournament, gives instead 16 . . . �e6 17.�c2 �d5 1 S .4Je5 , while Tartakover offers the pretty line 1 7 . § xe6! fx e6

1 6.a3 4Jc6 1 7.4Jxd5 �b2 ! .

14.4:)d4 h6 15.Jl.xf6 � x f6 16.a3 4:) c 6 1 7 . 4:) x d 5 A x d 5 1 8 . .Q. x d5 4:) xd4 19.exd4 E!e7 20.�g4 Axd4

B etter i s 20 . . . � x d4 2 l . § cS + § x eS 2 2 .�xcS+ �h7 2 3 . �xb7 g6 24.�a6 § c7 and Black has a good position as

compensation for the pawn. 21.J}.xb71 Eld8

Natural ly not 21...Elxb7? because of

320

2 2 .ElcS + .

The Years of World War I 2 2 . la c 6 t\'e5 2 3 . la c S la x cS 24. t\' x cS + h7 2 5 . t\'c 2 + g6 2 6 .JU3 Jlb2 27.a4 a 5 2 S . la d l t\'c3 29.t\'xc3 Jl xc3 30.<;t>g2 g7 3l.lad6 Jlb4 32.ladS Ac3 33.Jld5 h5 3 4 . Jlc4 Ab4 3 5 . h4 A e l 3 6 . la d 5 Jl b 4 37.f3 A e l 3 S .g4 h x g4 3 9 . f x g4 laa7 40.h5 g x h 5 4 1 . la x h 5 la e 7 4 2 . <;t>f3 A d 2 43.lad5 Ab4 44.Ad3 <;t>fs 45.lab5 lael 46.Ae4 Ad2 47.labS+ g7 4 S . A d 5 la e 3 + 4 9 .
queens with 30.�c3 (White does get a nice square on d4 for hi s knight) is awfully committal on the last move of the time control, it might have made sense for White to make a neutral move like 30.Ah2 anticipating 30 . . . .§g8. 30 . . . Ae4??

(403) Schlechter- Rubinstein Berlin (5) October 6 and 9, 1 9 1 8 Vienna [C28]

And Rubinstein blunders back, miss­ ing 30 . . . Ae3 winning on the spot. How to explain the double blunder? Emanuel Lasker, annotating the game in the tour­ nament book, published by Kagan (Das Gross meis ter- Turnier im Kerkau ­ Palast z u Berlin) mentions there was time pressure.

l .e4 e5 2 . Ac4 � f6 3 . � c3 �c6 4.d3 Ac5 5 .Ag5 h 6 6 . Ah4 d6 7.�d5 g5 S.Ag3 � x d5 9.Jlxd5 � e7 1 0.h4 � x d5 l l .e x d5 t\'f6 1 2 .t\' d 2 la gS 1 3 . h x g 5 h x g 5 14.�e2 Ad7 15.d4 exd4 16.0-0-0 0-0-0 17. � x d4 lahS 1S.�b3 Ab6 1 9 . la x hS la x h S 2 0 . la e l Af5 2 1 .t\'e2 Jlg6 22.a4 a6 23.a5 Aa7 24.f3 g4 25.fxg4 t\'g5+ 26.t\'d2 t\'xg4 27.Axd6 t\'c4 2S.Ag3 ladS 29.d6 cxd6 30.ladl??

3 l . Af2 A x c2 3 2 . t\' x c 2 t\' x c 2 + 3 3 . c4 labl 43.�d2 lab2 44.�b3 Ae7 4 5 . c3 la a 2 4 6 . la h 5 la a4 47 . la hS + d7 4 S . la h 7 <;t>d6 4 9 . � c 5 laa3+ 5 0 . � b3 la a 2 5 1 . la h 6 + d 7 5 2 . la b 6 c7 53.lae6 Ad6 54.lae4 lah2 55.lac4+ d7 5 6 . � c 5 + A x c 5 5 7 . la x c 5 , Draw

In time pressure, Schlechter blunders (we assume the time control was 30 moves in two hours). Note there were many ways to blunder here. For ex­ ample, 3 0 . 'it'b l ?? l o s e s a p i ec e to 30 . . . �xb3, and the natural- looking 30 . .ll f2 i s answered by 30 . . . .ll x c 2 ! , which leads t o a pawn-up endgame af­ ter 3 1 . � x c 2 � x c 2 + 3 2.'� x c 2 .ilxf2 33 . .§ fl .ila7 34 . .§ x f7 .§ g8, as in the game . S i nce o fferi n g the trade of

32 1

(404) Rubinstein- Tarrasch Berlin ( 6) October 1 1 , 1 9 1 8 Benoni [A43] l .d4 � f6 2.�f3 c5 3.d5 d6 4.�c3 e5 5.dxe6 Axe6 6.e4 Ae7 7.Jlg5 � bd7 S . Jl e 2 0 - 0 9 . 0 - 0 � b6 1 0 .t\' d 2 d 5 l l .e x d 5 � b x d 5 1 2 . � xd5 t\'xd5 13.t\'xd5 � x d5 14 . .1l x e7 � x e7 1 5 . la fe l h6

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King t 6 . Ac4 A x c4 1 7 . § x e7 A d S 18.§dl §fd8 19.a3 Cit>f8 20.§c7 Ac6 21 .§el §ac8 22.§ xc8 § xeS 23.�e5 §e8 24.§e3 §d8 25.Cit>fl Ae8 2 6 . Cit> e l §d4 2 7 .g3 Aa4 28.b3 Ae8 29.f3 §d6 30.�d3 b6 3l.Cit>d2 Ab5 32.Cit>c3 Ad7 33.a4 g5 34.f4 f6 35.§el §e6 36. § x e6 A x e6 37.�b2 Cit>e7 38.�dl gxf4 39.gxf4 Cit>f7 40.�e3 Cit>g6 4t.Cit>d3 Cit>h5 42.Cit>e4 Ac8 43.Cit>d5 Cit>h4 44.Cit>d6 Cit>h3 4S.Cit>c7 Ae6 46.f5 Af7 47.Cit>b7 h5 48.Cit>xa7 Cit>xh2 49.Cit>xb6 Cit>g3 50.a5 Cit>f3

322

51 .a61, 1-0

For if 51. . . '
1919 Warsaw City Championship

Zdzislaw Belsitzmann, probably best known for losing a famous miniature to Rubinstein (Warsaw 1 9 1 7 , game #3 86), had the greatest result of his short-lived career in the 1 9 1 9 Warsaw City Championship. There, against a very strong all-master field (historical Elo ratings: Rubinstein 2640, Flamberg 2480, Przepi6rka 2470, and Lowcki 2440), he scored 1 1 out of 1 4, losing only to Rubinstein. Tragically, he died a year later. Another budding talent in the field was Jozsef Dominik. Like Belsitzmann, he started his tournament career just be­ fore World War I and perished not long after the armistice.

for eight years. Shortly after the City Championship he moved to Sweden, which in the period 1 9 1 9- 1 92 1 was to serve as a shelter in the storm for chess masters trying to survive in the waste­ land that Europe had become. While Poland had re-emerged as an in­ dependent nation in the aftermath of World War I, there was still a war to be fought with the Bolsheviks over the border to the East. Germany, which had been a good place to be in 1 9 1 8, was now racked by the collapse of its cur­ rency. Meanwhile, Scandinavia had emerged comparatively unscathed . Though not boasting a major chess tra­ dition, it rose to the occasion and held a wealth of interesting events in the period 1 9 1 9- 1 92 1 .

Leon Szwarcman ( 1 887- 1 942)) has a section (pages 1 2 1 - 1 23) devoted to him in Tadeusz Wolsza's A rcymistrzowie, m is trzowie, amatorzy. . . - Slo wn ik biograficzny szachist6w polskich vol. 3 (Warsaw 1 999). Wolsza writes that Szwarcman was born in Warsaw in 1 8 8 7 and studied in St. Petersburg as a young man. He returned to Poland but in the early 1 920s moved to France where he played in many tournaments including Hyeres 1 92 7 and won the championship ofParis. During this time h i s name was o ften spel l ed Schwartzmann and even Szwarzman. He was arrested in 1 942 and trans­ ported to Auschwitz, where he died on September 3, 1 942 .

Notes by F l amberg from Szachista Polski 1 920.

Warsaw 1 9 1 9 , which was not one of Rubinstein's most memorable tourna­ ments , was to be his last event in Poland

l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.�c3 �f6 4 . .Q.g5 .Q.e7 5.e3 0-0 6.�f3 � bd7 7.f!cl c6 8. 'iWc2 f!eS 9 . .Q.d3 h6 10 . .Q.h4

Litmanowicz and Gizycki, in their sec­ tion on Rubinstein, mention that he re­ located from Poland for health and fi­ nancial reasons . Stories have also cir­ culated that Rubinstein lost a consider­ able sum when the German mark plum­ meted. We were not able to confirm this, but it seems plausible. What is certain is that Akiva was heavily in­ volved in the Swedish chess scene for the next few years. (405) Rubinstein- Belsitzman Warsaw ( City Championship) 1 9 1 9 Queen 's Gambit Declined [064]

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 3 0 . .£\ f7 1 .£\ x f7 3 l . E! x b7 .£1 d 6 32.§d7 §a6 33.Ag6 �f8 34.g4, 1-0

d x c4 1 1 . A x c4 b5 1 2 . A d 3 a 6 13.a4 Ab7 14.0-0 §c8

B lack ' s best here is 14 . . . b4 1 5 .4Je4 4:l x e 4 1 6 . .1l x e 7 'it! x e 7 1 7 . .1l x e 4 f5 1 8 ..1ld3 c5 1 9 . dxc5 J:::i ac8 with a good game. Giving up all thought of . . c6-c5

(4 0 6) Belsitzmann- Rubinstein Warsaw (City Championship) 1 9 1 9 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48]

.

now and forever, B lack falls into a stra­ tegically hopeless position.

Notes by Belsitzmann from Szachista Polski 1 920.

1 5 . § fd 1 .£l d 5 ? 1 6 . A x e7 'lti x e7 1 7 . .£\ x d 5 e x d 5 1 8 . A f 5 §c7 1 9 . a x b5 a x b 5 2 0 . § a 1 .£1 b6 21.§dc1 .£\c4 22.b3 .£1d6 23.Ad3 §aS 24. 'ltic5 §7c8 25 . .£\e5 'ltic7 26. § x a8 § xa8 27.f3 f6?

l .e4 e5 2 . .£\ f3 .£\c6 3 . .£\c3 .£1 f6 4.Ab5 .£1d4 5.Ac4 Ac5 6 . .£\ xe5 'ltie7 7 . .£\d3 d 5 8 . A x d 5 .£\ x d 5 9 . .£\ x d 5 'lti x e4 + 1 0 . .£\ e3 A d 6 l l .f3 'ltig61

Weaker i s l l . . .'lil'h4+ 1 2 .4Jf2 , and if 1 2 . . . .1lxh2?, then 1 3 .c3 4Jf5 1 4 .'lil'e2 4Jg3 1 5 . 4Jf5 + 4:lxe2 1 6 . 4Jxh4 4:l x c l 1 7 . J:::i xh2 g 5 1 8 .J:::i x c l gxh4 1 9 .J:::i xh4 ,

with a clear advantage for White. 1 2 .b3?

[Authors : Better is 1 2 . 4Jf2 .] 12 ... Af51 13.Ab2

[Authors : The decisive mistake. Some defensive chances were offered by 27 . . . 'lil'e7 .]

If 1 3 .4:lxf5, then 13 . . . 'lil'xg2! 1 4 .4:lxd4 (or 1 4 . 4:lxd6+ cxd6 1 5 . J:::i fl 0-0-0, fol­ lowed by . . . J:::i e 8 + ) 'lil' x h l + 1 5 . �e2

2 8 . 'lti x d 5 + 1 c x d5 2 9 . E! x c 7 §a3

'lil'g2+ 16.4Jf2 .llc 5 1 7 .c3 0-0-0 1 8.d3

Warsaw 1919 September - October 1919

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Total

I. Belsitzmann

XX

Yz 1

YzO

11

1 Yz

11

11

Yz 1

11

2 . Flarnberg

YzO

XX

Yz 1

Yz 1

01

10

11

Yz 1

9

3 . Rubinstein

Yz 1

YzO

XX

01

1 Yz

10

10

11

8 Yz

00

YzO 1 0 1 0 OYz 01 01 00 0 1 YzO YzO 00

XX

OYz

11

OY2 00 00

1 Yz 00 00 00

XX

00

11 00 00

XX

11 II 11 XX

11 11 01 II

00

XX

4. Przepi6rka 5. Dominik 6.

Szwarcrnan

7. Kleczynski 8. Lowcki

324

00 10

8 7 Yz 7 3 2

1919 .§ he8+ 1 9.Ae3 .§ xd4 20.cxd4 Axd4,

Recent theory prefers 1 0 .a4.

and Black wins. 13 . . . 4) x c 2 + 1 4. "� x c 2 A x d 3 1 5 . �c3 0 - 0 1 6 . 0 - 0 - 0 a5 17.h4 -'lb4

1 0 ... f6 1 l .c3 .£lc5 1 2 . Ac2 Ab7 13 . .£lfd2 Ad6 14.b4 .£ld7 15 . .£lb3 4) b6 16.§d1
18.4)d51 §fd8 19.h5 A x c3?

B etter is 19 . . . �g5 2 0 . � x d 3 .§ x dS 2 l . �e2 .§ ad8, and Black wins the d­ pawn . 2 0 . 4) e7 +
(407) PrzepiOrka Rubinstein Warsaw (City Championship) 1 9 1 9 Ruy Lopez [C79] -

l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . A b 5 a6 4 . Aa4 4) f6 5 . 0 - 0 d6 6 . d4 b5 7 . d x e 5 d x e 5 8 . � x d8+ 4) x d8 9.Ab 3 .£l d7 10 . .1}.e 3

325

A mistake in an already very difficult position. 26 ... § xb7 27.§ xd6 c x b4 28.§ x a6 bxc3 29.f3 b4 30.a3 Ab5 31.§a5 Ac4 32.axb4 Axb3 33.-'lxb3 4)d4 34.Ad5 c2, 0- 1

(408) Rubinstein- PrzepiOrka Warsaw (City Championship) 1 9 1 9 King 's Gambit Declined [C30] 1 .e4 e5 2.f4 Ac5 3 . .£lf3 d6 4.4)c3 4) c 6 5 . -'l b 5 Ad7 6 . d 3 4) d4 7 . A x d7+ � x d7 8 . f x e 5 4) x f3 + 9 . � x f3 d x e5 10.§f1 f 6 l l .Ad2 0-0-0 1 2.0-0-0 .£le7 13.4)e2 4)c6 14. �f5 4) d4 15 . .£1 x d4 A x d4 16.g4 Ac5 17.§de1 §deS 18.h4 Ete6! 19.
Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 3 2 . a x b4 Aa7 3 3 . A a 3 � c 6 3 4 . A b 2 Cit'b7 3 5 . Cifi' b 1 Cit' a 6 36 . .§ d 2 �d7 3 7. .§fd1 �e6 38.c4 Ad4 39.cxb5+ Cifi' x b5 40 . .§c2 �b3 4 1 . Cifi'c 1 a3 4 2 . -'l, x d4 .§ x d4 43 . .§ c 5 + Cifi' x b4 44 . .§ c 7 .§ 8d7 45.�d2+ Cit'a4, 0-1

( 41 0) Flamberg - Rubinstein Warsaw (City Championship) 1 9 1 9 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48] l .e4 e5 2 . /il f3 4)c6 3 . /il c3 4)f6 4.Ab5 4)d4 5.Aa4 Ac5 6.4) xe5 0-0 7./ild3 Ah6 S.e5 Jil eS 9.0-0 d6 10.exd6 /il xd6 1 1 .4)f4!? �g5 1 2 . d 3 Ag4 1 3 . /il fd 5 A x d 1 1 4 . A x g5 A x c 2 1 5 . Ae71 .§ fbS 1 6 . A x c 2 /il x c 2 17 . .§ a c 1 4) d4 1 S . -'l, x d6 c x d 6 1 9 . /il x b6 a x b6 20 . .§fe1 Cit'fS 2 1.f3 .§a5 22. Cit'f2 f5 23.a3 Cit'f7 24.f4 4)e6 25.g3 .§cS 26.4)e2 .§ac5 27.Cifi'e3 .§c2 2S.d4 .§ x c 1 29 . .§ x c 1 .§ x c 1 3 0 . 4) x c 1 /il c 7 3 1 . /il e 2 Cit' e 6 3 2 . Cifi'd3 d 5 33./ilg1 JileS 34.4)f3 4)f6 35.Cifi'c3 Cit'd6 36.Cjfjlb4 4)e4 37.Cifi'b5 Cit'c7 38./ilg5 4)d6+ 39.Cifi'b4 Cit'c6 40.a4 h6 4 1 . /il f3 Cifi'c7 4 2 . b3 Jil e S 4 3 . Cit'c3 4) e 7 44. Cit'b4 4) c 6 + 45. Cit'c3 Cjfjld6 46.4)e5 /ildS 47 .4)f3 4)c6 4S./ile5 /ildS, Draw

(409) Szwarcman- Rubinstein Warsaw (City Championship) 1 9 1 9 Ruy Lopez Steinitz Deferred [C73] Notes by Lowcki from Szachista Polski 1 920. 1 . e4 e 5 2 . /il f3 4) c 6 3 . A h 5 a6 4.Aa4 d6 5.Axc6+ bxc6 6.d4 f6 7.h3 g6 8.0-0 4)h6 9.dxe5 fxe5 10.Ag5 �d7 1 1.�d2 /ilf7 12./ilc3 Ag7 1 3 . Ae3 .§b8 1 4 . b 3 �e7 15 ..§ad1 Ae6 16.4)h2 0-0 17./ile2 h6 1 8 .c4 Cit'h7 1 9 . Cifi' h 1 .§ a S 20.�a5 /il d S 21.f4 exf4 22.4) xf4 AgS??

(4 1 1 ) Rubinstein- Flamberg Warsaw (City Championship) 1 9 1 9 Dutch Stonewall [A95]

Black should play 22 . . . .1lf7. 23./il xg6! .§ xfl+

1 .d4 e6 2./ilf3 f5 3.c4 4)f6 4.g3 d5 5.Ag2 Ae7 6.0-0 0-0 7. �b3 c6 S./ilc3 CjfjlhS 9.Af4 4)e4!?

If 23 . . . '� x g 6 , then 2 4 . § x f8 � x f8 2 5 . § fl .ilf6 26. �f5+ �g7 27.4Jg4 , and White wins.

This move is not mentioned in ECO.

24. .§ xfl � xe4 25./ilfS+ Cifi'h8

Or 25 . . . .1lxf8 26.§ xf8 iirxe3 27.iirf5 + �g7 28.�f6+ �h7 29.4Jg4, White has a decisive attack. 2 6 . 4) g4 /il b7 2 7 . � d 2 .§ x fS 2S . .§ x f8 A x fS 29.-'l,d4+, 1-0

For if 2 9 . . . .1lg7 3 0 . 'i�l'x h 6 + �h7 3 l ..ilxg7+ mate.

1 0 . .§ a d 1 /il d7 1 1 . � c 2 4) df6 1 2./ile5 Ad7 13.f3 4) xc3 14. �xc3 d x c4 1 5 . � x c4 /il d 5 1 6.A c 1 f4 1 7 . Ah3 Ad6 1 S . � d 3 A x e 5 1 9 . d x e 5 �g5 20. � e 4 c5 2 1 .e3 fx g3 2 2 .f4 �h5 2 3 .�g2 g x h 2 + 24 . � x h 2 A h 5 2 5 . .§ fe 1 4) b4 2 6 . .§ d 6 /il d 3 2 7 . .§ f l 4) x e 5 1 2 8 . f x e 5 A x f 1 2 9 . Ag 2 � x h 2 + 3 0 . Cjfjl x h 2 E{ f 2 3 1 . �g 1 .§ x g 2 +

326

I919 3 2 .
.§ x b 2

Stockholm December I - I 7, I 9 I 9

Two maj or tournaments were held in Stockholm in the second half of I 9 I 9. Rubinstein missed the first, won by Bogolj ubow, because of passport dif­ ficulties, but he participated in the sec­ ond event. Held in December, the qua­ drangular tournament was a great suc­ cess for Rudolf Spielmann, who, with a 3 \lz- Yz blowout of Bogolj ubow, eas­ ily captured the first prize. Rubinstein had the distinction of not only scoring 50 percent in the tournament but also doing the same against each ofhis three adversaries.

22.c51 ttb4 23 . .£Jf4 .£lc3 I f 2 3 . . . .:tlxc5, then 24 . .:tlh5 §. e6 25.�c2 §. b8 26 ..1l.f3 d5 27.�xf5 , etc.

C l early better i s 2 5 . � x b 2 � e 5 26 . .llc 4+ d 5 27.§.bc l .

(4 I 2) Rubinstein- Reti Stockholm ( I ) I 9 1 9 King's Indian [E90]

25 ... tt xd2 26 . .§ xd2 .£J e4 27 . .§b2 .£l xc 5 28 . .§c1
Notes by the authors, based upon the annotations by Cela and Gaba from their I 973 book on the tournament.

Better, but scarcely enough for victory, is 39 . . . §. xf5 40 . .ll x e4 §. f4 + 4 1 .r.t>g3 §. xe4 4 2 . §. xe4 dxe4 43.'it'f4, etc.

1 . .£J f3 .£lf6 2.d4 d6 3.c4 g6 4 . .£Jc3 Ag7 5.e4 dl.g4 6.h3 A x f3 7.tt xf3 0 - 0 8 . dl. e 2 .£l fd7 9 . ttd 3 .£J c 6 10.Ae3 e5 l l .d5 .£l d4 1 2.0-0 f5 1 3 . e x f5 g x f5 1 4 . A x d4 e x d4 1 5 . .£l b 5 .£l c 5 1 6 . tt d 2 .£J e4 17.ttd1 c5 18.dxc6 bxc6 19 . .£J xd4 ttb6 20 . .£Je6 Axb2 21 . .§b1 .§f6

40 . .§g41 .£ld7

If 40 . . . §. xf5? 4 1 . §. g6+ 4.:\e6 42 . .ll g4 §.e5 43.f4 and 44.f5, winning a piece.

Stockholm 1919

2

3

4

Total

I . Spiehnann

xxxx

Y:zO I Y:z

I Y:z l l

Y:z ! O Y:z

7 Y2

2.

Rubinstein

Y:z i O Y2

xxxx

00 1 1

Y:z i O Y:z

6

3 . Bogoljubuow 4 . Reti

O Y200

I I 00

xxxx

01 1 1

5 Y:z

Y20 I Y:z

Y:zO I Y:z

1 000

xxxx

5

327

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King 4 1 . E!g7 E! af8 4 2 . Jl,g4 d4 43.f4 E!Sf7?

�xe7 l l .�e4, which was the move

A waste of time. Better is 43 . . . c5.

10 . . . Jl, xg5 1 1 .4)exg5 h6 1 2 .4)e4 �e7 13.E!cl .£! 5b6 14.Ab3 E!d8 1 5.E!el 4)f8 16.�e2 Ad7 17 . .£Je5 Jle8 18.f4 f6 19 . .£lf3 Af7 20.g4! 4) bd7 21 .Jl,c2 E!ac8 22.g5 hxg5 2 3 . f x g 5 f5 24 . 4) g3 g6 2 5 . E! f l E!e8?! 26. �g2 e5?!

order Alekhine adopted.

44.E!g6 4)f8 45.\tlh5! c5 46.\tlxh6 4) x g6 47.fxg6 E!c7 48.\tlg5 E!f8 49.Ae2! E!e8 50.Jl,c4 E!e3 51 .h4 E!g3 + 5 2 . \tlf6 E!g4 53 .f5 E! x h4 54.g7 E! xg7 55.\tlxg7 \tle5 56.E!f2 E! g4+ 5 7 . \tlf7 \tle4 5 8 . \tl e 6 d3 59.f6 E!h4 60.f7 E!h6+ 61.\tle7, t-o

Better is 26 . . . c5.

(4 1 3 ) Rubinstein- Spielmann Stockholm (2) 1 9 1 9 Queen's Gambit Declined [D06] 1 .4)f3 d5 2.d4 c5 3.c4 4)f6 4.cxd5 cxd4 5.�xd4 � xd5 6.4)c3 � x d4 7.4) x d4 a6 8.g3 e5 9 . 4) c 2 Ad7 1 0 . Jl,g 2 Ac6 1 1 . 0 - 0 A x g 2 1 2 . \tl x g 2 4) bd7 1 3 . E! d l E!c8 14 . .£le3 Ac5 15 . .£lf5 g6 16.4)d6+ Jl, x d6 17.E! xd6 \tle7 18.E!dl \tle6 1 9 . Ag 5 E!c4 2 0 . E! d 2 E!d4 2 1 . E! a d l E! x d 2 2 2 . E! x d 2 E!c8 2 3 . \tlf3 4) e8 24 .e4 f6 2 5 . Ae3 4)d6 2 6 . 4) d 5 E!c4 27.b3 E!c6 28.g4 f5 29.gxf5+ gxf5 30.exf5+ 4) xf5 31 . 4) b4 E!c3 32.4)d5 E!c6,

27.Jl,xf5! exd4

If 27 . . . gxf5 2 8 . �xf5 �e6 2 9 . �h6+ 'tig7 30.�xf7 �xf7 3 1 .�xe5 gets three pawns and an attack for the sacrificed piece.

Draw

2 8 . � h 3 ! � x e3 + 2 9 . \tlg2 A d 5 30.Jl,xd7 4) xd7 3l.�xd7 E!f8?

(4 1 4) Bogoljubow - Rubinstein Stockholm (3) 1 9 1 9 Queen's Gambit Declined [D60) l .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lf3 4)f6 4.4)c3 Ae7 5.Ag5 .£lbd7 6.e3 c6 7.Ad3 0 - 0 8 . 0 - 0 d x c4 9 . A x c4 4) d 5 10.4)e4!?

According to the tournament book, af­ ter the game Rubinstein demonstrated the fol l owing interesting variation : 3 l . . . .§ cd8! 3 2 . �g4 d3!! 33 . .§ ce l d2 34 . .§ xe3 .§ xe3 35 . .§ d l ! .§ f8 36 . .§ xd2 �xf3+ 37.'tif2 ! �xg4+ 38.�xe3, with

a slightly better endgame for White. A forgotten idea of Bogo1j ubow's that was further developed and used by A l e k h i n e in h i s match aga i n s t Capablanca. ECO shows only 1 0 . �xe7 328

32 . .§.cel A x f3+ 33.\tlh3 �d2 l f 33 . . �xg5 34 .§ xf3! and White wins. .

.

1919 34. "ll?/e 6+ r:t;g7 35. "ll?/e 5+1 r:tlh7

24."ll?/f4 "ll?/ e 2 25.h3 .§d3 26."ll?/c7+ r:t;g6 27.r:t;g1 .§ x b3??

If 35 . . . 'it'g8 3 6 . f! xf3 ! f! x f3 3 7 . f! e4! f! cf8 38.f!h4 and White wins. 36 . .§ xf31 .§ xf3 37 .§e4, 1-0 •

(4 1 5) Reti- Rubinstein

Stockholm (4) 1 9 1 9 King's Gambit [C33 ]

28 .1l,f81 �e8 •

Rubinstein overlooked that he is lost after 2 8 . . . �e 3 + 2 9 . '1t' h l � h 6

Notes b y Bogoljubow. 1.e4 e5 2.f4 d5 3.exd5 exf4 4. "ll?/ f3 �f6 5.Ab5+ Ad7

[Authors : Recent theory recommends 5 . . . c6! 6. dxc6
Black.] 6.�c3 Ab4 7.�ge2 0-0 8 . .1l, x d7 �bxd7 9.0-0 �b6 10.� xf4 "ll?/d7

Deserving of attention is 1 0 . . . �xc3 l l . d x c 3
A blunder, which allows Reti to finish the game with a mating attack. Instead, 27 . . . �e6, with the idea of 28 . . . �d7, holds equality.

�xd5

30.f! xf6+! �xf6 3 l .�e7+ �f5 32 .�f7+ 'it'e4 33.�c4+ ! .

29."ll?/ f7+ r:t;h6 30. .1}. xg7+, 1-0 (4 1 6) Spielmann - Rubinstein

Stockholm (5) 1 9 1 9 Ruy Lopez [C80] l . e4 e 5 2 . � f3 � c6 3 . Ab 5 a6 4 . .1}.a4 �f6 5.0-0 � x e4 6.d4 b5 7 . Ab3 d 5 8.d x e 5 Ae6 9 . � c3 ? � x c3 1 0 . b x c3 � e 7 l l . Aa3 a 5 1 2 . � d4 a 4 13.f4 a x b3 14 . .1l, x e7 .1l, x e7 15.f5 Ad7 16.e6

1 l . d 3 .§adS 1 2 . � e4 � f x d 5 13.� xd5 � xd5 14.a3 f5 15.�f6+ � x f6 1 6 . a x b4 "ll?/ d 4+ 1 7 . r:t; h 1 "ll?/ x b4 18 .§ x a7 c 6 19.b3 •

Here 19.�xf5? does not work because of 1 9 . . .
•

The right defense. If 2 l . . . f! fe8, then 2 2 . �xf5 �xd3 23.f! xg7 + ! .

2 2 . � x f7 r:tl x f7 2 3 . "ll?/ x f5 "ll?/ x d 3

329

1 6 . . . b21 17 . .§b1 .§ x a2 18.e x d7+ "ll?/ xd7 19.f6 A x f6 20."ll?/ e 2+ r:t;f8 21.� xb5 h5 22."ll?/d3 .§h6 23.�d4 .§g6 24. � e 2 r:t;g8 2 5 . � f4 .§g5 2 6 . � h 3 .§ e 5 2 7 . r:t; h l �e8 28.�gl c6 29.�f3 .§e4 30.h3 g6

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 8.4)c3 4)d7 9.4)f3 4)f6 10.4)h2 A d 7 1 1 . 4) f1 4) f8 1 2 . 4) e3 g6 1 3 . .Q.e2 hS 14 . .i}. d 2 �c8 1 S .f3 4)g8 16.�c2 4)h6 17.0-0-0 �c7 1 8 . g4 0 - 0 - 0 1 9 . E! dg 1 �b8 2 0 .g x h S g x h S 2 1 . 4) f S 4) x fS 2 2 . e x f S 4) h7 2 3 . E! g7 Af6 24.E{ x f7?? .Q. x fS 2 S . E! x c7 A x c2 2 6 . 4) b S AfS 2 7 . .Q.g S 4) x g S 28.hxgS .Q.xgS+ 29.�d1 .Q.d7, 0-1

3 1 . 4) d4 .Q.g7 3 2 . � d 2 E! e 3 33 . 4) x c 6 .Q. x c3 34 . � x d S E! a 1 3S.�h2 E! x b1 36.E{ xb1 E{e1, 0-1

(4 1 7) Rubinstein- Bogoljubow Stockholm (6) 1 9 1 9 Queen 's Pawn [D02] 1 .d4 4)f6 2.4)f3 e6 3 ..Q.f4 cS 4.e3 �b6 s. � c 1 4)c6 6.c3 ds 7 . h 3 .ll. d 7 8 . 4) bd 2 E!c8 9 . .Q.e2 .Q. e 7 10.0-0 0 - 0 l l .E!e1 E!fe8 1 2 . .Q.d3 4)hS 13 . .Q.h2 cxd4 14.exd4 4) b4 1 S . .Q.b1 .Q.bS 16.4)eS g6 17.4)df3 4) c 6 1 8 .g4 4) f6 1 9 . �f4 4) x e S 2 0 . 4) x e S E! f 8 2 l . � d 2 � d 8 2 2 . .Q.c2 4) d7 2 3 . 4) x d7?1 .Q. x d7 24 . .Q.es .Q.gS 2S.f4? .Q.h4 26.E!e3 �b6 2 7 . f S e x fS 2 8 .g x fS .Q.gS 29.h4 .Q.h6 30.hS f6, 0-1

(4 1 8) Rubinstein- Reti Stockholm (7) 1 9 1 9 King's Indian [E62] 1 .d4 4)f6 2.4)f3 d6 3.c4 g6 4.4)c3 .Q.g7 s.g3 0-0 6 . .Q.g2 4)fd7 7.e4 h6 8 . .Q.e3 es 9.h3 4)c6 10.0-0 E!e8 1 1 . E! e 1 �h7 1 2 . � h 2 4) f8 1 3 . � d 2 Ad7 1 4 . E! a d 1 4) e 7 1S.dxeS d xeS 16.-'tcS b 6 17 . .Q.a3 cS 1 8 . b4 �c7 1 9 . b x c S b x c S 20.4)ds 4) xdS 21.cxdS c4 22 . .Q.fl .ll. b s 2 3 . �b4 �b6 2 4 . �g 2 a s 2 S . � b 2 � a 6 2 6 . 4) d 2 E!ec8 27.E!e3 4)d7 28.E{c1 4)b6 29.�c2 Aa4 30.�b2 .Q.bs 31 .�c2 .Q.a4 32. �b2 AbS, Draw

(4 1 9) Rubinstein- Spielmann Stockholm (8) 1 9 1 9 Benoni [A44]

(420) Bogoljubow- Rubinstein Stockholm (9) 1 9 1 9 Two Knights [C57] l .e4 es 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . .Q.c4 4) f6 4 . 4) g s d S s . e x d s 4) d4 6 . d 6 ? 1 � xd6 7 . .1l. x f7+ �e7 8 . .Q.b3 4) x b3 9 . a x b3 h6 1 0 . 4) f3 e4 1 1 . 4) g 1 �f71 1 2 . 4)c3 �c6 1 3 . �e2 .Q.cs 1 4 . � b S e 3 1 1 S . 4) f3 e x d 2 + 1 6 . .Q. x d 2 E{e8+ 1 7 . � f 1 .Q.g4 1 8 . � x c6 b x c6 1 9 . 4) a4 .Q.d6 20 . .Q.e3 4)dS 2 1 . .Q.cs E!e4 2 2.c4 4)f4 23.4)c3 .Q.xf3 24.gxf3 E!ee8 2 S . .Q. x d6 c x d6 2 6 . 4) e4 E{eb8 27 . 4) x d 6 + �e7 2 8 . 4) f S + �f6 2 9 . 4) d4 cS 30. 4) b S a6 3 1 . 4) c7 E! a 7 3 2 . 4) d S + 4) x d S 3 3 . c x d S E! x b3 34.�g2 E! x b2 3S.E!he1 E!d2 36.E{e6+ �f7 37.E!d6 c4 38.E{c6 E! xdS 39. E! x c4 aS 40.E!ca4 �e6 41 .f4 �d6 42.�f3 �c6 43.E!e4 E!ad7 44 . E! e s �b6 4 S . h4 E! b S 46.�g4 E!f7 47.E!a2 E!b4 48.E{f5 E! a 7 49 . E! f8 a4 S O . �fS E! c4 S l . �g6 E!c6+ S 2 .�hS a3 S3.fS Et a s s 4 . f4 � c s s s .f6 �b4 + S 6 . �g6 E! x f6+ S7 . E! x f6 g x f6 58.fS �b3

l .d4 cs 2.ds e S 3 .e4 d6 4.-'td3 4)e7 s.c4 4)g6 6.g3 Ae7 7.h4 h6 3 30

White now plays a move that loses im­ mediately. According to some autho rs, White can sti ll save the game by play­ ing 59 . .§ a l , and now 59 . . .§ a4 60. h5 .

1919 E! h4 6l .'it'xh6 E! g4 62.�h7 a 2 63 . E! e l E! g 2 64 . h6 � b 2 6 5 . 'it' h8 a l = Q 66 . E! x a l �xa l 67 .h7 is a draw. We

were unable to find a win for B lack against this analysis but suspect that it may be there.

13.�g3

This leads to big complications - not, however, favorable for White. Correct is 1 3 .d3 ! . 13 . . . � xc2 14 . .£!d3 Ad6 1 5 . �g5 � x d3?

R u b i n s t e i n m i s s e s the r e futat i o n 1 5 . . . h 6 ! 1 6 . '� e 3 ( 1 6 . 'l!'l'f5 'tif x d 2 ) 1 6 . . . 4Jbxd5 ! 1 7 . 4Jxd5 .l1xh2 + ! 1 8.�hl 4Jxd5 , and B lack wins.

16 . .£j e4 Ae7 17 . .£l x f6 + �h8 18. .§aell .§ x d5

59. .§xa3+? .§xa3 60.�xf6 �c4, o-1 (42 1 ) Reti - Rubinstein Stockholm ( 1 0) 1 9 1 9

King's Gambit [C3 3] Notes by Jan Ka1endovsky from Richard Reti, Sachovy Myslitel. l .e4 e5 2.f4 d5 3.exd5 exf4 4.�f3 .£! f6 5 . A b 5 + Ad7 6 . .£l c 3 Ab4 7. .£!ge2 0-0 8.j}.xd7 .£lbxd7 9.0-0 .£!b6 10 . .£j xf4 �d7 l l .b3

Reti 's improvement, compared with the game played in the fourth round. l l . . . .§ad8

1 9 . � x g7 + 1 � x g7 20 . .£j x d 5 + f6 2l . .§ xe7+ .§f7 22.A xf6+?

Now Reti misses the winning continu­ ation 2 2 . E! xf6!. 22 . . . �g8 2 3 . .§e8+ .§ f8 24 . .§e3 � xd5 25 . .§g3+ �f7 26.Ag7+?

Better is 26 . .l1c3+ and 27.E!e3+.

After l l . . . .l1xc3 1 2 .dxc3 4Jbxd5 1 3 .c4, White stands better.

2 6 . . . �e6 27 . .§ x f8 � x d 2 28.h3 .£ld5 29.�h2?

1 2.-'lb2 �f5

A mistake in time trouble. White should preserve the a-pawn.

A m i stake is 1 2 . . . 4Jbxd5 1 3 .4Jcxd5 4J x d 5 1 4 . 4J x d 5 'l!'l' x d 5 b e c a u s e of 1 5 .'l!'l' g3 ! .

29 ... �xa2 30 . .§e8+?1 �d7 3l . .§e5 �d2

33 1

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King Now Rubinstein seizes the initiative and eventually wins the game when Reti misses his last opportunity to draw on move 60 when he eschews the theoretically drawn position (White : �g3, .§ f4, h3; Black: �c5 , �b2) . 32.E!e4 c5 33.Ae5 <3fc6 3 4 . .1}.b8 �h6 3 5 . E!g8 <3lb5 36.E!d8 �g5 37.E!f8 a5 38.E!e5 �d2 39.E!ff5 4)e3 40.E! xc5+ <3fb4 41.E!b5+ <3la3 4 2 . E! x a 5 + <3f b 2 4 3 . E! g 5 h 6 44 . A e 5 + <3l x b3 4 5 . E! g3 � x a 5 46.Af4 h5 47.E! x e3+ <3fc2 48.E!e5 �a4 4 9 . <3fg3 h4+ 5 0 . <3fg4 b5 51.g3 hxg3 52.<3fxg3 �c4 53.E!g5 � e 2 5 4 . A e 5 b4 5 5 . Ag7 b3 5 6 . E! c 5 + <3f d 3 5 7 . E! d 5 + <3fc4 5 8 . E! d 4 + <3fc5 5 9 . E!g4 b2 60.E!g5+? <3fd6 6 1 . .1}. x b2 � x b2 62. E!f5

This position is featured in the Ency­ clopedia of Chess Endings, in the vol­ ume on queen endings (#3 65). 62 ... �b1! 63. E!f2 �h11 64.E!h2 �e1+ 65. E!f2 <3fe5 66.<3fg2 <3fe4 67.E!fl �e2+ 68.E!f2 �e3! 69.E!fl �g5+ 70.<3fh2 <3fe3 71.E!g1 �f4+ 7 2 . <3f h 1 � f 3 + 7 3 . <3f h 2 <3lf2 74 . E!g4 � e 3 7 5 . E! g 1 �f4+ 76.<3fh1 �f3+ 77.<3fh2 �e3, 0-1

332

( 422) Spielmann- Rubinstein Stockholm ( 1 1 ) 1 9 1 9 Scotch [C45] l .e4 e 5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 .d4 e x d4 4.4) x d4 Ac5 5.Ae3 �f6 6.4) b5?1

A dubious continuation introduced by Blumenfeld. 6 ... .1}. x e3 7.fxe3 �h4+ 8.g3 �d8

Black's best continuation is 8 . . . �xe4 ! . Now White achieves a strong initiative. 9. �g4 g6 10. �f4 d6 1 1.Ac4 Ae6 1 2 . .1}. x e 6 f x e6 1 3 . 0 - 0 4) ge7 1 4 . 4) 1c3 4)e5 1 5 . �f6 <3fd7 1 6 . 4) d4 �g8 1 7 . 4) cb 5 4) 7c 6 1 8 . 4) x c 6 b x c6 1 9 . E! ad 1 ! E! f8 20. � x e 5 E! x f l + 2 1 . <3f x f 1 �f7+ 2 2 . <3fg 2 E!f8 2 3 . 4) x d 6 ! �f3 + 2 4 . <3f h 3 � x d 1 2 5 . �g7+ <3f x d6 2 6 . � x f8 + <3fd7 2 7 . �f7+ <3fd6 28.e5+ <3f c 5 2 9 . � x h7 � x c 2 3 0 . �e7+ <3l b 5 3 l . � x e6 � x b2 3 2 . � b 3 + � x b3 3 3 . a x b3 c 5 3 4 . <3tg4 <3f c 6 3 5 . <3lf3 g5 3 6 . h4 g x h4 3 7 .g x h4 <3fd5 38. <3ff4 c4 3 9 . b x c4+ <3fe6 40.h5 a 5 4 1 .h6 <3tf7 42.e6+, 1 -0

(423) Rubinstein- Bogoljubow Stockholm ( 1 2) 1 9 1 9 Queen 's Pawn [D02] 1 .d4 4)f6 2.4)f3 e6 3.Af4 c5 4.e3 4)c6 5 . 4) bd 2 c x d4 6 . e x d4 Ae7 7.c3 0-0 8.4)c4 4) d 5 9 . .ild2 b6 1 0 . Ad 3 �c7 1 1 . 4) ce5 4) x e 5 12.4) xe5 d 6 13.4)f3 Ab7 14.0-0 4) f6 1 5 . E! e 1 d5 16 . .i}.g 5 h6 17 . .ilh4 4) e4 18 . .i}. x e7 � x e7 19.4)e5 �g 5 20 . .§e3 f6 2 1 . 4) f3

1919 �f4 2 2 . �b3 Etae8 2 3 . Et ae l g5 24.g3 �d6 25.�c2 �g7 26.4)d2 4) xd 2 27. � xd2 e5 28.Af5 Ac6 2 9 . �e 2 Ete7 3 0 . d x e 5 f x e 5 3 1 . Et x e 5 Et x e5 3 2 . � x e5 + � x e5 3 3 . Et x e 5 Et d S 3 4 . Et e7+ �f6 3 5 . Et e 6 + 1 � x f5 3 6 . Et x c6 d4 3 7 . c x d4 Et x d4 3 8 . Et x h6 Et d 2 39.Eth7 a 6 40.Eta7 a 5 4l .b3 �e4 4 2 . Et e7+ �f3 4 3 . Et e 3 + �g4 44.�g2 �f5 45.Ete8 b5 46.Etb8 Et d 5 4 7 . a 3 �e4 4 8 . Et a 8 b4 49.ax b4 a x b4 50.Etb8 Etd4 51.h4 gxh4 52.gx h4 �d3

Or 52 . . .'�f5 53.h5 �g5 54.§b5+ �h6 55.f3 and wins. 53.�g3 �c3 54.f4 � x b3 5 5 .f5 Etdl 5 6 . h 5 �c4 57. Etc8+ �b5 58.f6 Etfl 59.h6 Et x f6 60.h7 Eth6 6 1 . h8 = � Et x h8 6 2 . Et x h8 b3 63. �f3 �c4 64. �e2 b2 65.Etb8, 1-0 Stockholm Handicap Tournament

Rubinstein played in a most unusual event from December 27, 1 9 1 9 to Janu­ ary 4, 1 920. Utilizing a system devel­ oped by the Swedish chess administra­ tor and patron Ludvig Collijn, the play­ ers were divided into groups according to their ability: I . (Class 3 ) A l mer, Ekebom, Hult, Rosengren 2. (Class 2) L. Collijn, K. Olson 3 . (C lass 4) Sodermark, Strandberg, Werner, L i ndgren, Nyberg, O l s o n , Gyller, and Johansson 4. (C lass 2) Nyholm and Jacobson 5. (Cla ss 1) Rubinstein

333

6. (C lass 2) A. Olson plus (Class 3 ) Dahl and Svanberg 7. (Class I ) Bogolj ubow 8. (Class 1 ) Spielmann As a player of the first class, Rubinstein was required to play simultaneously (a clock simul, if you please) against other group s , w i t h the e x c e p t i o n o f Bogoljubow and Spielmann, whom he played on even terms. To add to the novelty of the event, an innovative scoring system was also employed. Rubinstein, Spielmann, and Bogolj ubow received the standard 1 point for a win and and \12 for a draw when playing among themselves, but things got interesting when they faced other groups. Wins against class two players netted them \12 of a point, ver­ sus class three 1 14 and class four 1 /8 . Draws were scored 1 14, 1 18, and 1 / 1 6 respectively. The end result was some of the strangest final scores in the his­ tory of chess. Top scores: 1 . Bogoljubow 6 from 7; 2 . Rubinstein 5 \12; 3. Jacobsen 5 1 18 ; 4. Nyholm 4 3 / 8 ; 5 . Rosengren 4 1 18 ; 6. Spielmann 3 7/8 7 . Johansson 3 6/8 . We were only able to find three of the 2 1 games that Rubinstein played, but since he dropped only one and a half points ( 1 to Bogo and 1 /4 to Nyholm are results that are available) it's clear that he must have beaten Spielmann. (424) Bogoljubow - Rubinstein Stockholm (Handicap) 1 9 1 9/20 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D30] l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)f3 a6 4.e3 4)f6 5.4)bd2 c5 6.Ad3 4)c6 7.0-0 cxd4 8.e x d4 Ae7 9.h3 0 - 0 1 0 . c 5 b6

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King l l .cxb6 � x b6 12.4)b3 a5 13 . .fle5 a4 14.4) xc6 � x c6 1 5. 4) d 2 Aa6 t 6 . 4) f3 .il, x d3 1 7. � x d 3 E! ab8 18. 4)e5 �b5 19.Af4!

Rubinstein played two games at the same time.

With the point that 19 . . . �xb2? is met by 20 £lxf7 �xf7 2 l .f!abl .

l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . d4 e x d4 4.Ab5 a6 5.Aa4 4)f6 6.0-0 A.e7 7 . E! e l 0 - 0 8.e5 4)e8 9 .c 3 d x c3 10.4) xc3 d6 l l . .il,xc6!?

19 . . . .il,d6 20. �f3 4) e4 2 1 . E!ac l E! bc8 2 2 . b 3 a x b3 23 . a x b3 f6 24.4)d3 e5 25.E!xc8 E! xc8 26.dxe5 fxe5 27.A xe5 A xe5

The plan with 9.c3 and l l ..ll x c6 is in­ teresting and deserves some attention. [Authors: The continuation l l ..ll x c6 is not mentioned in ECO.]

..

ll . . . b x c6 1 2 . 4)d4 �d7 1 3 . �f3 d5?

28.�f51

A lertly avoiding Rubinste i n ' s trap (28.
The right answer was 13 . .llb 7 . The text should lose because of the follow­ ing combination. . .

28 . . . � x d3 2 9 . � x c8 + �f7 3 0 . � f 5 + Af6 3 l . E! c l 4) c 5 3 2 . � h 5 + g6 33 . � x h 7+ �e6 34. �g8+ � d 6 35. �b8+ � e 6 3 6 . � b 6 + � f 5 37 . � x c 5 � x b3 3 8 . �c8+ �g 5 39. � e 6 Ad4 40.�g4+ 1-0

(425) Nyholm - Rubinstein Stockholm (Handicap) 1 9 1 9/20 Ruy Lopez [C84] Notes by Nimzovitch from Tidskriftfor Schack 1 920, p. 200.

334

1 4. 4) x c6! � x c6 1 5 . 4) x d 5 �h8 1 6 . 4) x e7 � x f3 1 7 . g x f3 .il,b7 18.b3 g6 19.Aa3?

White misses his chance: 19 . .llh6
1919 a x b3 29.a x b3 E!eb8 30.h4 E! x b3 3 1 . E! e 7 E! ab8 3 2 . � h 2 E! 3 b7 33. E! x b7 E! x b7 Draw

(426) Rubinstein- Sodermark Stockholm (Handicap) 1 9 1 9/20 Old Indian [A5 5] Rubinstein played eight players simul­ taneously.

335

l .d4 .£) f6 2 . .£) f3 d 6 3 .c4 .£) bd7 4 . .£)c3 e5 5.g3 Ae7 6 . .Q.g2 0-0 7.0-0 c 6 8.e4 E!e8 9 .h 3 'i}Jc7 10.Ae3 .£)f8 1 1 .'i}Jc2 a6 12.a4 c5 13.dxe5 dxe5 14.a5! Ad7 1 5 . .£)d5 .£) xd5 16.cxd5 Ad6 17.E!fcl E!ac8 t8 . .£)d2 Ab5 t9.Af1 tNe7 20. tNb3 A xfl 2l.� xfl E!c7 22 . .£)c4 E!cc8 23.'i}Jb6 E!ed8 24.�g2 h6 25.b4 c x b4 26 . .£) xd6, 1-0

1 920 [Authors : Today theory recommends 1 0 . iilc2 El e8 l l .Af4! with the slightly better game for White, as in Griinfeld­ Alekhine, Budapest 1 92 1 .]

Rubinstein - Bogolj ubow

The beginning of 1 920 saw Rubinstein engaged in a d i ffi c u l t match with Bogolj ubow. The split-venue battle, divided between the principal Swedish cities of Stockholm and Gothenburg, l o o k e d to be a runaway when Rubinstein won the first two games, but then Bogoljubow found Akiva's Achil­ les' Heel - his pet 4 . . . 4Jd4 in the Four Knights Game. Bogo scored a perfect 3 for 3 as White in this opening, but declined to try it a fourth time in the crucial I I th game. Instead, he used the Ruy Lopez and Rubinstein won after a hard fight. A draw with White in the 1 2th game kept Rubinstein's remark­ able undefeated match record intact.

10 . . . ./il e4 l l .itf4 ./il df6 1 2 . §ac1 itd6 1 3 . it x d6 � x d6 1 4 . -'l_ x e4 ./il xe4 1 5 . ./il xe4 dxe4 16 . ./ile5 �e7

Necessary before playing . . . .lle 6. White is exerting considerable pressure upon the queen 's wing. 1 7 . a4 ite6 1 S . �c 2 f6 19 . ./il c4 �b4 20.a5 §adS 2 1 . �d2 �b5

An exchange of queens would not be to B lack's advantage, inasmuch as the knight would be somewhat stronger than the bishop in the ensuing ending.

While Akiva never got a shot at the world championship, Efim Bogoljubow ( 1 8 89- 1 952) got two tries - a telling comment about a system that allowed the champion to pick his challenger.

Now Black threatens 23 . . . c5. 23.b4 ith3 24.f4 e x f3 2 5 . § x f3 Ae6 26.§g3 �d5 27 . ./il c4 §feS 2S . ./ilb6 �d6 29 . ./ila4 §e7 30 . ./ilc5 §deS 3 l . Etfl Af7 3 2 . §f4 �hs 33. �f2 -'l_gS 34.h4?1 h6 35.§gf3 .il. h 7 3 6 .g4 itg6 3 7 . Et g3 � d 5 3S.g5 f x g 5 39.hx g5 h5 40.E{fS+ �h7 41.§ xeS § x eS

(427) Bogoljubow- Rubinstein Stockholm-Gothenburg ( I ) 1 920 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D3 1 ] Notes from the American Chess Bulle­ tin, 1 920. 1 .d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . ./ilf3 a6 4.cxd5 e x d 5 5 . ./il c 3 Ae7 6. �b3 ./il f6 7 . .il.g5 c6 S.e3 ./ilbd7 9 . .il.d3 0-0 10.0-0

Th i s re c apture i s for c e d , for i f 4 l . . .Axe8 4 2 . iilf8 iild6 43.4Je4 iilc7 4 4 . 4Jf6 + ! gxf6 4 5 . ii¥h6+ and White

wins.

Stockholm - Gothenburg, January 8 - February I,

I I . Rubinstein

2 . Bogoljubow 0

2 I 0

3 0

4 0 I

5

6

y, y,

0

7 0

1 920 8 0

9 0

0 y, y,

I 0

2

Total

y,

6\1,

y,

5 Y,

1 920 3 5 . �f3 .Q. h 6 36 . .Q. x d3 .Q.c6 37.�h3 .Q.e4 38.E!cdl .1l x f4

42. �f3

White was under time pressure here, in consequence of which he made a move that cost him a couple of pawn s . If 4 2 . 4Jxb7? l::! b8 43.4Jc5 l::! xb4, with a winning position for Black. [Authors : White is already in a diffi­ cult position. For example, if 42 .'�h2 �c4 43.�d2 l::! f8, etc.]

3 9 . E! x e4! f x e4 40 . � x e 6 e x d3 4 1 . h x g6 h x g6 4 2 . � x g 6 + E! g7 43 . � e 6 +
42 . . . �c4 43.4)d7 � x b4 44. 4) e5 E!f8 45. �e2 � xa5 46.E!h3 �at+ 47.
l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . 4) c3 4)f6 4.Ab5 4) d4 5.4) xe5 �e7 6.f4?! 4) x b5 7.4) x b5 d6 8.4)f3 � x e4+ 9.
(429) Bogoljubow- Rubinstein Stockholm-Gothenburg (3) 1 920 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48]

(428) Rubinstein- Bogoljubow Stockholm-Gothenburg (2) 1 920 Queen 's Pawn [A46] l .d4 4)f6 2.4)f3 e6 3.Af4 c5 4.e3 �b6 5.�cl 4)c6 6.c3 d5 7.4)bd2 Ad7 8.h3 E!c8 9.Ae2 Ae7 10.0-0 0-0 l l . E! e l E! fd8 1 2 . a 3 .1le8 13.Ad3 4)d7 14.�c2 g6 1 5.E!acl Af6 1 6.�bl e5 17.d xe5 4) d xe5 1 8 . A f l 4) x f3 + 1 9 . 4) x f3 4) a 5 20.4)d2 Aa4 21.e4 4)b3 22.4) xb3 � x b3 ? ! 2 3 . e 5 Ag7 2 4 . c 4 ! d4 25.Ad3 Ad7 26.h4 E!c6 27 . .1lc2 �b6 28.h5 .§e6 29.Ag3 E!f8 30.f4 f5 3 l . b4 .§f7 3 2 . b x c 5 � x c 5 3 3 . � x b7 ! d3 + 34 . .Q. f 2 � x a 3

Later on, Rubinstein improved this variation with 1 0 . �g6!, in his game against Spielmann, Baden-Baden 1 925. . .

l l . h3 4) h 6 1 2 . d4 .Q.e7 1 3 . E! e l � g 6 + 1 4 .
337

Akiba Rubinstein : Uncrowned King 16.Ad2 Ac2 17. �e2 �d3 1S. �f2 � x c4 1 9 . 4) a 3 �a4 20.g4 Jtd3 2 l . § e3 Aa6 2 2 . § a e 1
(430) Rubinstein- Bogoljubow Stockholm-Gothenburg ( 4) 1 920 Queen 's Pawn [DOS] 1 .d4 4)f6 2.4)f3 e6 3.e3 c5 4.Jtd3 4)c6 5.0-0 d5 6.b3 Jtd6 7.Ab2 0-0 S.4)bd2 4)b4?!

"This move is only a waste of time. As we shall see, White's bishop on e2 is a l s o very w e l l s i tuate d . B etter i s 8 . . '�e7" (Rubinstein). Today theory still considers 8 . . . 'lfte7 the best continu­ ation for B lack. .

9.Ae2 b6 10.a3 4)c6 1 1.4)e5 4)e7 1 2.Ad3 Ab7 13.�f3 Etcs

ECO cites only the sixth game of this match, where 13 . . . o£Jg6 was played. 14.�h3 4)e4 15.f3 4)g5 16.�h5 f6 17.h4 fxe5 1S.hxg5?

"White should play 1 8.dxe5! with a big advantage" (Razuvaev).

2 6. . . � xg5 27.4)f3 �e3+ 2S.
(43 1 ) Bogoljubow- Rubinstein Stockholm-Gothenburg (5) 1 920 Ruy Lopez [C83] l . e4 e 5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . A b 5 a6 4.Aa4 4)f6 5.0-0 4) xe4 6.d4 b5 7.Ab3 d5 S.dxe5 Ae6 9.c3 Ae7 10.4)bd2 0-0 l l .Ac2 f5 12.4)b3 �d7 13.4)fd4 4) x d4 14.c xd4 a5 1 5.f3 a4 16.fxe4 a x b3 17. A x b3 fxe4 1S.Ae3 § x fl+ 19.�xfl c6 20.§c1 �b7 21. �e2 §a6 22. �c2 �a7 2 3 . �f2 � b 6 2 4 . h 3 �bS 25. �g3 �eS 2 6 . A h 6 �g6 27. � xg6 hxg6 2S.Jte3 b4 29.b6 42.
1S . . . g6 1 9 .�h3 c x d4 20. � x e6+ Etf7 2 1 .exd4 §c7

(432) Rubinstein - Bogoljubow Stockholm-Gothenburg ( 6) 1 920 Queen 's Pawn [005]

Threatening 2 2 . . . Ac8.

1.d4 e6 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.e3 c5 4.Ad3 4)c6 5.0-o d5 6.b3 Ad6 7.Ab2 0 - 0 S . 4) bd 2 4) b4 ? 1 9 . A e 2 b6 10.a3 4)c6 1 1 .4)e5 4)e7 1 2.A d3 Ab7 13.�f3 4)g6 14. �h3 cxd4?

22. �h3 AcS 23.g4 4)c6 24.dxe5 4) x e5 25.f4 4) xg4 26.f5 I f 2 6 . 'lftg3, then 26 . . . �x g 5! with ad­

vantage. 338

1 920 "Oddly enough, this exchange - which opens for White the central file with­ out compensation (as there is nothing for B lack to do with the c-file) - is not made infrequently even by very expe­ rienced players" (Alekhine). 1 5 . � x g6 ! h x g6 1 6 . e x d4 § c S 17.§fel §c7 18.�f3 �e4 19.�e5 A x e 5 2 0 . d x e 5 � c 5 ? ! 2 l . Ad4 �d7 2 2 . b4 � e4 2 3 . § e 3 § fcS 2 4 . § ae l Ac6 2 5 . � g4 A b 5 26.A xe4! dxe4 27.c3 Ac6 2S.h4! �e8 29.�f4

Carefully preparing an attack on the kingside. If immediately 29.h5, then 29 . . . g x h 5 3 0 . � x h 5 fS ! gives B l ack more defensive chances. 29 ... Ad5 30.§g3
40.c4

White can also win with 40.ilh4 .§ f7 4 1 .ilf6! .

40 ... .Q.c6

If 4 0 . . . il x c 4 t h e n 4 1 . '(';Y h 7 + 'it' f7 42 .l'H 3 + 'it'e8 43 .ilh4 wins .

41.b5 �e2

Or 4 1 . . .ilb7, then 42 . .§ d3 wins. 42.bxc6, 1-0

For if 42 . . . � x f2 4 3 . � h 7 + 'it'f7 44 . .§ f3 + .

(43 3 ) Bogoljubow- Rubinstein Stockholm-Gothenburg (7) 1 920 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48] l .e4 e5 2 . � f3 �c6 3 . � c3 �f6 4 . .1l. b 5 � d4 5 . � x e 5 � x e4? 6.� xe4 � xb5 7.d4

Good, but not the best. Later in the match Bogoljubow improved the whole variation for White - see the 9th game. 7 . . . d5 S . � g5 � d 6 9 . 0 - 0 .ll. e 7 10.�h5 g6 l l .�h6 �f5 1 2 . � gx f7 � x h6 1 3 . .1l, x h6 �d6 1 4 . � x d6 + c x d 6 1 5 . � d 3 .ll. e 6 16.§ael
Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 1 7 . .ll x g5 4Jb6 1 8 . .§ c l �b2 ( 1 8 . . . �d4 1 9 . .ll e 7) 1 9 . � x d 6 , the act i v i ty o f

If66 . . . �f7. then 67 . .§ c l .lld8 68 . .§ c7+!

wins.

White's bishops give him the advantage. 67 . .§ g t Af6 6 8 . � e 3 Ads 69 . .§ x g6 �c6 7 0 . f 5 A x b6 7 1 . A x b6 .§ x b6 7 2 . h4 .§ b 3 + 73.�f4 .§d3 74.h5 .§ x d4+ 75.�g5 .§ d l 7 6 . h 6 .§ h l 77.f6 .§ g l + 78. �f5 .§ f l + 7 9 . �e6 .§ e l + 80.�f7 d4 81.h7 .§hl 82.�g7 d3 83.h8 'ifJ' 1-0

1 6 . 'ifl d 3 4) b 6 1 7 . 4) d 2 'ifl a 6 1 8 . .§ f d l J}.e6 1 9 . 'iflg6 J}. x c4 20.J}.e4 .§fd8 21.4)f3 4)d7 2 1 . . .4Jc8 is more stubborn.

2 2 . J}. x h6 4) x h6 2 3 . .§ x d6 'ifl a 5 2 4 . 'ifl h 7+ � f 8 2 5 . .§ g 6 ? ! 4) f7 2 6 . 'ifl x g7 + �e7 2 7 . 4) h4 .§ h 8 28.4)f5+ �d8 2 9. .§dl?

=

(434) Rubinstein - Bogoljubow Stockholm-Gothenburg (8) 1 920 Nimzo-Indian [E20]

29.4Jd6 wins instantly.

l . d4 4) f6 2 .c4 e6 3 . 4) c 3 Jl.b4 4.4)f3 0-0 5.g3 c5 6.Ag2 A x c3+

29 . . . 'ifla4 30 . .§d2? 3 0 . 4J e 3 ! �c7 3 1 . .ll f5 4Jb6 32 . .§ d5 ! .§ af8 3 3 . .§ xc5+ �b8 3 4 . .§ xb6 still does

This continuation is not mentioned in ECO, but is probably worthy of con­ sideration.

the job.

7.bxc3 'ifla5?1

30 . . . �c7 3 1 . 4) e7 .§af8 3 2.-'l.d5 A xd5 33.4) xd5+ �b8 34.h4 'ifle4 35.4)e3 4) b6 36.h5

B l a c k can answer 3 6 . R f6 w i th 36 . . . .§ hg8.

36 . . . 'iflbl+? 36 ... .§ xh5 37.�xf8+ 4Jc8 and Black is

winning. 37 . .§dl 'ifl xa2 38.h6! 'ifl x e2??

More in the spirit of the variation seems to be 7 . . . d6, followed by . . . Nc6 and eventually . . . e6-e5 . 8.Ad2 d6 9.0-0 4)c6 10.d5 4)d8 1 1 . 4) h4 4) d7 1 2 . d x e6 f x e6 13.Af4 4)f7 14.4)f3 e5 15.Ae3 h6

A ft e r

15

. . .

�xc3

1 6 . 4J g 5

38 . . . �a4 39 . .§ f6 �e8 allows the queen to return for defense when the extra piece is decisive. Mutual time pressure seems a distinct possibility.

39 . .§.f6 'ifla2 40.c4! 4) xc4?!

Sterne r re s i s tance is o ffered by

4J x g 5

340

1 920 4 0 . . . 4J c 8 but after 4 1 . El x f7 El x f7 42:�xf7 El xh6 4 3 . �g7 El e6 44.4Jd5

White is still winning

exchange of queens Black will capture the knight on h8 for an advantage in the endgame.

41.§ xf7 §fg8

(T) Or 9 . . . g6 10.d3 �e5 l l .�f3 �xh8 1 2 .Ag5 4Jd4 1 3 . El e 1 + 4Je6 1 4 . c3, and White holds the reins. (R) Better was 9 . . .�f5, neutralizing the threat 1 0 . �h5+ and immediately leav­ ing the dangerous e-file. 10.d3

4 2 . .£1 x c41
(43 5) Bogoljubow- Rubinstein Stockholm-Gothenburg (9) 1 920 Four Knights Rubinstein [C48]

[Authors : Tartakover, in 500 Master Games of Chess, gives another order of moves: 1 0.h4 b5 1 l .d3. We follow the order given by Reti at the time and all other sources.] 10 ... �f5 l l .h4!

Notes by Tartakover (T), and Reti (R) from A lgemeen Handelsblad, March 1 7, 1 920. l . e4 e5 2. /2)f3 .£lc6 3 . .£J c3 .£l f6 4.Ab5 .£!d4 5 . .£1 xe5 12) xe4?1

(T) The second surprise. Not only does White 's king obtain a flight square, if it should be wanted, but his h-pawn becomes a trenchant weapon, whilst his motorized rook on h1 threatens to get into action via h3. l l . . . b6

(T) The only correct reply is 5 . . . �e7. (R) With the idea of . . . Ab7 and . . . 0-0-0, but thi s plan is unfeasible. Better is

6 . .£j xe4 .£J xb5 7. .£J xf7 �e7

1 1 . . .d5.

(T) If 7 .. .C:tlxf7? 8.�h5 +, followed by 9.�xb5.

(T) He refrains from playing 1 1 . d5 in order to be able, later on, to obstruct the open e-file by . . . 4Je6. .

.

8 . .£j xh8 � x e4+ 9.
(T) The fi rst surpri se. After 9 . �e2 �xe2+ 1 0 .'it'xe2 d5 , etc., Black would have an easy task. (R) The right continuation . After the

34 1

(T) Supported by the advanced h-pawn, the white bishop is now comfortably settled in the hostile camp . If now

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 1 2 . . . h6, he replies simply 1 3 .Jle3, fol­ lowed by 14.h5 and 1 5 . <£\g6, saving the knight.

(436) Rubinstein- Bogoljubow Stockholm-Gothenburg ( 1 0) 1 920 Bogo-Indian [E 1 6]

1 2 ...g6 13.�d2 Ag7 14 . .§.e1 + 4.)e6

l .d4 4.) f6 2.c4 e6 3 . 4.) f3 Ab4+ 4.Ad2 A xd2+ 5. � xd2 b6 6.4.)c3 .Q.b7 7.g3 o-o s . Ag2 d6 9 . 0 - o 4.) bd 7 1 0 . �c 2 .§. e 8 l l .e4 e 5 1 2 . .§. a d 1 e x d4 1 3 . 4.) x d4 4.) c 5 1 4. .§.fe1 a5 15.f4 �c8 16.h3 4.)fd7 17.ctlh2 4.)b8 18.4.)f5 g6 19.4)h6+ ctlg7 20.4.)g4 h5 2 1 . 4.) e3 4.) bd7 22.4.)ed5 Axd5 23.cxd5 h4 24.g4 g5 25.e5 gxf4 26.e6 4.)e5 27.�f5 fxe6 28.dxe6 � xe6 29.� xf4 .§.ac8 3 0 . � g5 + �g6 3 1 . � x h4 .§. e 6 32.�g3 c6 33 . .§. f l §f8 34. § x f8 '1J x f8 35.4.)e2 .§.f6 36.4.)f4 �g5 3 7 . 4.) h 5 §g6 3 8 . § f 1 + ctle7 39.�f2 �h6 40.�d4 ctld7 41.b4 axb4 42.� xb4 ctlc7 43 . .§.b1 4.)cd7 44.4.)g3 �h8 45.4.)f5 d5 46 . .§.e1 4.)c5 47.'1Jg1 §e6 48. 4.) d4 §e8 49 . .§.fl 4.) ed3 50. �c3 � e 5 5 1 . .§. f 7 + .§.e7 5 2 . .§. x e7+ � x e7 53.4.)f5 �e2 54.�d4 � xa2 55.g5 �c4 56.�f6 �f4 57.�e7+ 4.)d7 5 8 . 4.) g7 �d4+ 5 9 . ctl h 1 � a 1 + 60.ctlh2 �e5+ 6 1 . � x e5+ 4.) 3 xe5 62.h4 b5 63. ctlg3 b4 64.Ah3 b3 6 5 . h 5 4.) c 5 6 6 . 4.) e6 + 4.) x e 6 67.Axe6 ctld6 6 8. .Q.f5 ctle7 69.g6 ctlf6 70.'1Jf4 c5 71.g7

(T) Or 14 . . . 'it>f8 l S .hS Jlxh8 16.hxg6 �xg6 1 7 . �f4+ �g8 1 8 . l.':l h6, winning. 1 5.h5 gxh5 16.§xh5 A x h8

(T) Or 1 6 . . . h6 17.l.':l xh6 ..ll x h6 1 8 . ..1lxh6 �h7 1 9 . �g5 � x h 8 2 0 . � h 5 + �e7 2 l .Jlg5 +, winning the queen. After the text move, Black has become the stron­ ger in material, but the disorganized position of his pieces will cause his ruin.

(T) After 1 7 . . . d6 1 8.g4, and if 1 7 . . �f7 .

18.�e7+ �g8 19.l.':l xe6! dxe6 20 . ..1lh6

wins. 18. �h4 ctlf7

19 . .Q.d8! �g6 20.§h6 � x h6

(R) If 20 . . . �f5 2 l .g4, and White wins. 2 1 . � x h6 4) xd8 22.�h5+, 1-0

342

1 920 7 1 . . . 4) d 3 + 7 2 . �e3 73.�xd3 �h6, Draw

� x g7

(43 7) Bogoljubow - Rubinstein Stockholm-Gothenburg ( 1 1 ) 1 920 Ruy Lopez [C84] l . e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3 . A b 5 a6 4.Aa4 4)f6 5.d4 exd4 6.0-0 Ae7 7.e5 4)e4 S.§el 4)c5 9.Axc6 dxc6 10.4) xd4 0-0 1 1 .4)c3 §e8 1 2.-'\.e3 f6 13.�e2 Af8 14.�c4+ dle6!?

This continuation is not mentioned in ECO. 1 5 . 4) x e 6 4) x e6 1 6 . § ad l �e7 1 7.f4 f51 18.a3 �f7 19.4)e2 c5 20.a4 b6 2 1 . �d5 §ed8 2 2 . �b7 �e8 23.§ xd8 � x d8 24.�c6 �e8 25.�b7 b5 26.§dl bxa4 27.4)c3 §b8 28.� xa6 § xb2 29.�d3 �f7 30.4)e2 h5 31 .§al a3 32.h3 h4 33. �h2 a2 34.dlf2 4)d41 35.4) xd4 c x d4 3 6 . A x d4 §b4 37.c3 §c4 38.�e2 �d5 39.§xa2 c5 40.§a5 �e6 41.-'\.f2 § x f4 42.§a6?? § xf2 43.� xf2 � x a6, 0-1

(43 8) Rubinstein - Bogoljubow Stockholm-Gothenburg ( 1 2) 1 920 Queen's Pawn [DOO] l .d4 d5 2.dlf4 c6 3.c3 4) f6 4.e3 �b6 5. �b3 4) h 5 6 . dld3 4) x f4

7 . e x f4 �c7 8 .g3 e6 9 . 4) f3 c 5 1 0 . d x c 5 dl x c 5 1 1 . 4) bd 2 4) c 6 1 2.0-0 0-0 13.c4 4) b4 14.§acl d4 15.dlbl §d8 16.a3 4)c6 17.�d3 g6 18.b4 -'\.f8 19.4)b3 a5 20.b5 a4 2 1 . 4) bd 2 4) a 5 2 2 .c 5 dl x c 5 23.�c2 b6 24.�xa4 �e7 25.Ae4 §a7 26.4)e5 A x a3 27.§al Ab4 2 8 . 4) dc4 � c 5 2 9 . 4) x b6 Ac3 3 0 . 4) x c8 § x eS 3 l . § a b l �b6 3 2 .h4 f6 3 3 . 4) f3 4) c4 34.�dl �g7 35. �e2 §c5 36. dld3 4)a5 37.§fdl §e7 38.-'\,e4 §cc7 39.h5 4) c4 40. h x g6 h x g6 4 1 . 4) h4 f5 42.-'\,c6 �c5 43.4)f3 e5 44.4) xe5 4) xe5 45.fxe5 § xe5 46.�f3 �b6 47.�g2 §ce7 48.§d3 E!.e2 49.§hl Ael 50.§fl §b2 5 1 . �d5 §ee2 5 2 . � d 7 + �f6 5 3 . � d 6 + �g7 54.�d7+, Draw

During h i s S c an d i n a v i an s oj ourn, Rubinstein found time to assist Reti and Spielmann in editing the fourth and fi­ nal edition of the C o l l ij n brothers ' Larobok - a kind of Swedish Bilguer 's Handbuch. The Oxford Companion to Chess notes: "The three parts of the book deal with general information, openings with illustrative games, and endgames, in that order. The second part of the last edition, occupying more than 400 pages and including 1 3 3 games, was edited by Reti, Rubinstein, and Spielmann, and was consequently

Rotterdam 1920 March 6-7, 1920

2

3

4

Total

I Rubinstein

X

2. Factor

0

X

Y2

3 . Speyer 4. van Gelder

y,

y,

X

y2

I Y2

0

0

y,

X

y,

.

343

2 Y2

Y2

I Y.

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King the most important source of opening information to be pub l i shed in the 1 920s." Rotterdam 1 920

This tournament, which was played between stops of Rubinstein 's simul tour of Holland, is among the most ob­ scure of his long career, which pitted two Dutchman with two Poles (Factor was from Lodz) . Only the following fragment has been preserved. (439) van Gelder- Rubinstein Rotterdam, 1 920

Gothenburg 1 920 August 2-2 1 , 1 920

This tournament was one of the great competitive successes of Richard Reti 's life. Despite beating his rival in round seven, Rubinstein finished second. A draw with Breyer in the last round, while Reti was beating Spielmann, proved the difference. ( 440) Rubinstein - Tarrasch Gothenburg ( 1 ) 1 920 Dutch [A85] Notes by Kmoch. l .d4 e6 2.c4 f5 3 . .£lc3 Ab4 4.Ad2 b6 5.e3 Ab7 6.f3 Ad6

Preferable was 6 . . .
Only the position from the diagram is known. The tournament crosstable tells us that Rubinstein won this game, but from the diagram position Van Gelder should have been able to achieve an easily drawn ending. For example:

2 . .§ xg7+ �xg7 3 .4:J xg7
7 . .£)h3 .£)f6 8.Ad3 .£)c6 9.�e2 0-0 lO . .§dl a6 1 1 .0-0 �e8 1 2.a3 �h5 13.b4 g5

Logical, but the attack does not make much headway. It will be a question as to which side succeeds in attacking in the center. With this in view, White has the better chances, and should be suc­ cessful, thereby exposing the weakness of . . . g7-g5. 14.c5 Ae7

good enough to make a draw. 2 ... � x f6 3 . .§ x f6 .§ x f6 4.�c5 .§d2 5 . � x c3 .£) e 2 + 6 . .§ x e 2 .§ x e 2 7 . �c4+ .§ee6 should b e drawn. [ Rotterdamsch Leeskabinet 1 920] 344

Here 14 . . . .ll x h2+? 1 5 .'i!i'xh2 g4 1 6.fxg4 fxg4 would be a mi stake because of 1 7.'it>gl ! ! and White gets a decisive ad­ vantage as 1 7 . . . gxh3 would be an­ swered by 1 8 . l"!. xf6!

1 920 1 5 . Ac4 �h8 1 6 . A c l b x c 5 17.bxc5 .£la5 18.Aa2 g4 19.fxg4 .£) xg4?

27 ... �g6 28 . .£) xg7 � xg7 29.� xc7 .£)c6 30.Axc6 dxc6 31.� xc6

White has a winning game both in ma­ terial and in position. Rubinstein plays strongly until the end.

B lack should play 1 9 . . . �xg4 with a playable game. 20.e4 Af6 2 1 .exf5 e x f5 22 . .£)d5 E!ae8 23. �f3 Ag7 24.�g3 Axd5 25.Axd5 �g6 26 . .£)f4 �f6

3l ... E!e2 32.Af4 E!g8 33. �f3!

This simple move is most effective. 33 . . . �e7

A " s w i n d l e . " If 3 4 . � e 5 + , then 34 ... El xe5 35 .dxe5 �xe5. In this case White would also win; e.g., 36.�h3 � x c 5 + 37.\t>hl
34.Ad6! �e6 35.d51 �e8 36.Ag3 E!e3 37.E!fel, 1-0

Carefully calculated ! If 27 . . . �xd4+?, which B lack possibly intended, then

(44 1 ) Marco- Rubinstein Gothenburg (2) 1 920 Goring Gambit [C44]

2 8 . El x d 4 � x d 4 + 2 9 . \t>h l
l.e4 e5 2 . .£)f3 .£)c6 3.d4 exd4 4.c3 d5 5 . e x d 5 � x d 5 6 .c x d4 .£) f6

Gothenburg 1920

I

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

I

2

3

4

Total

X

0

I

\12

I

I

I

Y2

\12

\12

I

\12

I

I

9 \12

Rubinstein

I

X

0

0

I

\12

I

I

\12

\12

I

\12

I

I

9

Bogoljubow

0

I

X

0

0

I

0

I

I

I

0

I

I

I

8

4. Mieses

\12

I

I

X

0

\12

I

0

Y2

0

\12

I

\12

I

7 \12

5 . Tarrasch 6. Tartakover

0

I

I

X

0

I

X

I

I

\12 \12

I

\12

\12

X

\12 \12

Y2 \12

I

I

\12 \12 \12

y2

\12 0

\12 y2

I

\12 0

0

7. Kostic

0 0 0

\12

I

I

I

I

7 \12 7 \12 7 \12

8. Mar6czy

\12

0

0

I

y2

y2

\12

X

\12

0

y2

\12

I

\12

6

9. Breyer

\12

Y2

0

\12

0

\12

\12

X

\12

I

0

5 Y2

\12 0

Y2

0

I

0

\12

\12

5 Y2

0

\12

I

X

\12

I

Y2 0 0

0

0 0 0

\12 0

y2 0

X

I

\12 0

I

0

\12 0

\12 0

Y2

I O. Marco

\12 0 \12 0 y2

0 0 0

\12 y, I

I

y, 0 Y2

X

0

I

X

\12 y, I

Y2

0

X

5 4Y2 4 4

1 . Reti

2. 3.

I I . Spiehnann

1 2. N irnwvitch 1 3. M0ller 1 4 . A. Selemiev

y, 0

y, 0

y, 0 y,

345

\12 0 y,

y, y,

I

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King

Georg Marco

7.J}.e2 Jlb4+ 8.�c3 � e4 9.-'ld2 J}. xc3 10.J}. xc3

ECO deals only with 1 0 .bxc3, which, according to Marco, is worse because Black can blockade the c-pawn by . b5, or . . 4Ja5-4Jc4 . .

Ab7 1 0 . � a4 Ae7 1 1 .0 - 0 �c8 1 2 . E!ac1 � x d4 1 3 . A x b7 � x b7 1 4 . e x d4 d 5 1 5 . c x d 5 � x d 5 1 6 . � x d 5 � x d 5 1 7. Jle 3 A d 6 1 8 . E! c 6 E! ad8 1 9 . E! fc 1 ,il b 8 2 0 . �c4 � x c4 2 1 . E! 1 x c4 E! d 5 22.g3 E!fd8 23.E!c8 'if}fS 24.'if}fl 'it'e7 25. 'if}e2 'it'd7 26.E!Sc6 'it'e7 2 7 . 'it'f3 E! 5d 6 2 8 . E! c 8 E! x c8 29. E! x c8 ladS 30.E!c4 'it'd7 31.j},f4 j}, x f4 3 2 . 'if} x f4 'if}d6 33.'if}e4 g5 34.b4 f5+ 3 5 . 'iftd3 e5 36.d x e 5 + 'if} x e5+ 37.'it'e3 E!e8 38.f4+ 'if}d6+ 3 9 . 'ift d 3 g x f4 4 0 . E! x f4 'it' e 5 4 t . E!h4 E!e7 42.'if}c4 a6 43.E!h6 E!c7+ 44.'if}d3 E!d7+ 45.'ifte3 E!c7 4 6 . 'if} d 3 E! d 7 + 4 7 . 'ift c 3 E! c 7+ 4 8 . 'if} b 3 E! b 7 4 9 . 'if}c4 E! c 7+ 5 0 . 'if}d 3 E! d 7 + 5 1 . 'it' e 2 E! c 7 5 2 . 'if}d 2 E! d 7 + 5 3 . 'it'e 3 E! c 7 5 4 . E! x b6 E! c 3 + 5 5 . 'if} d 2 E! a 3 56.E!h6 E! x a2+ 57.\t'c3 a5 58.b51

.

.

1 0 . . . 0 - 0 1 1 . 0 - 0 Jlg4 1 2 . � b3 � x b3 1 3 . a x b3 E!ad8 1 4 . Jl b 5 Jl x f3 1 5 .gxf3 �d6 16.J}.xc6 bxc6 1 7 . E! x a7 � b 5 1 8 . E! a 6 � x d4 1 9 . Jl x d4 E! x d4 20 . E! x c6 E! b4 2 1.E!c3 E!fbS 22.E!d1 g6 23.E!dd3 c6 24. 'if}g2, Draw

After 58.bxa5 l:! xa5 59.l:! xh7 'itlf6 the position is a theoretical draw. 58 . . . E!a4 5 9 . E! x h7 E!b4 60. E!b7 'if}f6?

Alexey Selezniev ( 1 888- 1 967) was not only a good player (historical Elo 2470) but also a fi rst-rate study composer. Like Rubinstein, he sought refugee status in Sweden at this time. (442) Rubinstein- A. Se/ezniev Gothenburg (3) 1 920 English (A32] l . d4 � f6 2 .c4 e6 3 . � c 3 Ab4 4.J}.d2 c 5 5 . � f3 c x d4 6 . � x d4 �c6 7.e3 0-0 8.Ae2 b6 9 . Af3 346

According to the Swedish tournament book, after 60 . . . f4 B l ack has good chances for a draw ; for examp l e , 6 l . g x f4 + x f4 6 2 . h 4 'itl g 4 ( b e s t) 63 . l:! b8 'it'h5 64 . b6 �h6 65.b7 'it>h7 66.h5 'it'g7 67 .h6+ �h7 draw.

1 920 61 . .§b8 C3)g7 62 . .§b6! f4 63. gxf4 .§ x f4 64 . .§a6 .§a4 6 5 . h4 .§ x h4 66 . .§ x a 5 .§ h 3 + 6 7 . ct;c4 .§h4+ 68.ct;c5 .§h5+ 6 9 . ct; b 6 .§h6+ 70.ct;a7, 1-0

2 5 . �g 7 + and 2 6 . � x b 7 , w i t h two pawns and attacking chances for the exchange.

2 2 . .§ g8+ ct;e7 2 3 . .§ g7 24. .Q.g81 'ltJe4 25 . .§d1!, 1-0

(443 ) Rubinstein- Kostic Gothenburg ( 4) 1 920 Queen's Pawn [D05]

The D a n i s h p l ayer J121rgen M 121 l ler ( 1 873- 1 944) was an interesting analyst who conceived the line l .e4 e5 2 .{)f3

1 .d4 e6 2./ilf3 /ilf6 3.e3 c5 4 . .Q.d3 d5 5.0-0 /ilc6 6.b3 .Q.d6 7. .Q.b2 0-0 8./ilbd2 'ltJe7 9.c4 b6 10 . .§e11 .Q.b7 l l . e 4 d x e4 1 2 . /il x e4 c x d4 1 3 . /il xd4 /il xd4 14. /il xd6 'ltJ x d6 1 5 . .Q. x d4 .§ fd8 1 6 . .Q. x f6 g x f6 17.'1tJg4+ C3)h8 18 . .Q. x h7 f5

{)c6 3.Ac4 Ac5 4.c3 {)f6 5 .d4 exd4 6. cxd4 Ab4+ 7.{)c3 {)xe4 8. 0-0 Axc3 9.d5, and revived l . e4 e5 2 .{)f3 {)c6 3.Ab5 a6 4.Aa4 {)f6 5 . 0-0 .ll c 5 - both

o f w h i c h bear h i s n a m e . Chess Personalia adds that his pseudonyms were Byssodomeno and Hodie-mihi .

If 1 8 . . . 'it'xh7 1 9 . .§ e3!.

(444) Meller- Rubinstein Gothenburg (5) 1 920 Ruy Lopez [C77]

19.'ftJh5 ct;g7 20..§e3 'ltJf4

2 1 . .§g3+ ct;f8?

This loses immediately. A better but still insufficient defense is 2 l . . . 'it'f6. Ac­ c o rd i n g to the tourn ame n t b o o k , White 's best response is 2 2 . .§ fl , and n o w 2 2 . . . .§ h8 23 . .§ g6 + ! 't;e7 ( o r 2 3 . . . fx g6 2 4 . �xg6+ 'it' e 7 2 5 . �g7+ 'it'd6 2 6 . � x b 7 , etc . ) 2 4 . 1"! g7 .§ af8 25 . .§ d l �e4 26. g 3 �f3 27 . .§ xf7+ .§ xf7 2 8 . 1"! d 7 + a n d w i n s , or 2 2 . . 1"! d 2 .

2 3 . 1"! g 6 +

fx g 6

2 4 . � x g6+

.§f8

'l:t e 7

t . e4 e5 2 . /il f3 /ilc6 3 . .Q.b5 a6 4 ..Q.a4 /ilf6 5./ilc3 b5 6 . .Q.b3 .Q.e7 7.0-0 0-0 8 . .Q.d5 b4 9 . .Q. xc6 dxc6 1 0 . /il e 2 Jil x e4 1 1 . /il x e s 'ltJ d 5 1 2.d4 c5 13./ilf4 'lt1d6 14 . .§ e 1 f5 1 5 . 'ltJ e 2 .Q.e6 1 6 . /il ed 3 .Q.f7 17.dxc5 'lt1d4 18 . .Q.e3 'lt1c4 19.f3 /il xc5 20.b3 'lt1b5 2 1 . /il xc5 .Q.xc5 2 2 . 'ft1 x b5 .Q. x e3+ 23 . .§ x e3 a x b5 2 4 . /il d 3 .§ fd8 2 5 . /il x b4 c 5 26./ild3 c4 27./ile5 .§d2 28./il xf7 C3} xf7 29.bxc4 bxc4 30 . .§c3 .§e8 3 l . .§ x c 4 .§ee2 3 2 . g4 .§g 2 + 3 3 . C3) h 1 .§ x h 2 + 3 4 . C3) g 1 C3)f6 3 5 .g x f 5 .§ dg 2 + 3 6 . C3) f 1 .§ f 2 + 3 7 . ct;g 1 .§ hg 2 + 3 8 . ct; h 1 .§ h 2 + 3 9 . ct;g 1 .§ fg 2 + 4 0 . ct; f l .§ d 2 4 t . ct;g 1 .§ hg 2 + 4 2 . ct; h 1 .§ h 2 + 43 . ct;g 1 .§ dg 2 + 4 4 . ct; f l .§ d 2 45.ct;g1 .§dg2+ 46.ct;fl h5 47.a4 .§d2 48.ct;g 1 ct;g5 49.a5 .§dg2+ 50.ct;fl h4 51 . .§aa4 .§d2 52.ct;g1 .§ hg 2 + 5 3 . Cit>h 1 .§ h 2 + 5 4 . Cit>g 1

347

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King §hg 2 + 5 5 . � h 1 § h 2 + § dg 2 + 5 7 . � f l § d 2 § dg 2 + 5 9 . �f l § f 2 + §hg 2 + 6 t . � h 1 § h 2 + § fg 2 + 6 3 . � f 1 § d 2 §hg 2 + 6 5 . � h 1 § h 2 + §he2 67.§g4+, Draw

56.�g1 5 8 . �g 1 6 0 . �g 1 6 2 . �g 1 64. �g 1 66.�g 1

(445) Rubinstein - Bogoljubow Gothenburg (6) 1 920 Queen's Indian [E l 8] 1 .d4 .£)f6 2 . .£lf3 e6 3.c4 b6 4.g3 Ab7 5.Ag2 Ae7 6 . .£lc3 d5 7 . .£le5 0-0 8 . 0 - 0 c5 9 . d x c 5 A x c 5 1 0 . Af4? ! .£) e4 1 1 . .£) x e4 d x e4 1 2.�b3?!

(R) More active is 1 0.d4 . 1 0 . . . -'l.e7

(K) In order to play . . . Af6 if the op­ posing queen 's bishop occupies the long diagonal.

(R) A bad place for the queen. White should fight for the in itiative with 1 2 . fl b l . If 12 .. .'�c7, then 1 3 .Af4 e5? 1 4.4Jxe5! 4Jxe5 1 5 .fl xb7 ifl'd6 1 6.Axe5 ifl'xe5 1 7 . fl xd7. In case of 12 . . . b6 then 1 3 .d4 is good.

12 . . . �c7 13. E!fe1 §adS 14.Af4 Ad6 1 5.A xd6 � xd6 16.�e3

Better is 1 2 .4Jd3!? 12 ... �c8! 1 3.Ae3? j}. xe3 14.fxe3 .£) c 6 1 5 . .£) x c 6 � x c6 1 6 . § a d 1 §ac8 17.§d4 f 5 18.§fd 1? ! Aa6 19.c5 A x e 2 20.§d6 � x c5 2 1 . � x e6+ � h 8 2 2 . § 1 d4 � c 1 + 23.�f2 §c2, 0 - 1

(446) Reti - Rubinstein Gothenburg (7) 1 920 Sicilian Nimzo-Rubinstein [B29]

(R) The move 1 6.c4 deserves attention. 16 ... b6 17 . .£)d2 .£)e7 18 . .£)c4 �c7 19.�e5?

(K), (R) The endgame is unfavorable for White because of his inferior pawn position. He should try 1 9 .a4 with the idea of a5-a6. 19 ... � xe5 20 . .£) xe5 Aa4! 21 .§e2 .£ld5 22.Jlxd5

Notes by Kmoch (K), Bogoljubow (B), and Razuvaev (R).

(R) A critical moment. After the ex­ change of the bishop for the knight White's difficulties increase. Obviously he should seek refuge in the variation

l . e4 c 5 2 . .£l f3 .£) f6 3.e5 .£l d 5 4 . .£lc3 e 6 5.g3

(K) This setup is not justified here . Better is 5 . 4Jxd5 exd5 6.d4 . ( B ) Not the best. (R) In our opinion this move is perfectly playable.

2 2 . c4 4Jb4 2 3 . fl c l f6 ( 2 3 . . . 4J x a 2 24 . f! a l 4J c 3 2 5 . El ee l ) 2 4 . 4Jf3 '
sition. [Authors : In the fi nal p o s i t i o n of Razuvaev ' s variation B l ack stands clearly better. Also, instead of 24 . . . '
5 ... .£)c6 6.j}, g2 .£) x c3 7.bxc3 d6 8.exd6 A x d6 9.0-0 0-0 10.d3 348

1 920 Axc2 26Jhc2 .§ xd3 with the favorable

endgame of rook and two pawns against two minor pieces.] 22 ... exd5 23 ..§ael .§fe8 24.f4 f6 2 5 . .£l f3 �f7 2 6 . � f 2 .§ x e 2 2 7 . .§ x e 2 .§ e 8 28 . .§ x e8 � x eS 29 . .£lel �e7

(K) The exchange of rooks has in­ creased the effectiveness of the king and bishop. 30.�e3 �e6 3 1 .g4 �d6 32.h3 g6 33.�d2 .Q.d71 34 . .£lf3 �e71

(R) A brilliant move, which prepares the invasion of Black's king into f4. If now 38.c4, then 38 . . . hxg4 39.hxg4 (or 38 . .£\xg4 'it'e6 39 . .£\h6 g5, etc.) 39 . . . g5! 40.fxg5 fxg5 and B lack's king rushes into f4 . 3 8 . c x d 4 c x d4 40.hxg4

39.�d2

h x g4

(K) After 40 . .£\xg4 Axg4 4 1 .hxg4 g5, Black wins the pawn ending. 40 ... .Q.c6 4t.�e2

(B) In case of 4 l .c3 dxc3+ 42 .'it'xc3, B lack wins i n an in structive way : 4 2 . . . Ag 2 ! (zugzwang ! ) 4 3 . \t>d4 b5 4 4 . 'it'e 3 a 5 4 5 . a3 (or 4 5 . 'it'f2 Ad5)

(K) Directed against g5. 35.�e3

(K) If 3 5 . g 5 A x h 3 3 6 . g x f6 + 'it' x f6 37 . .£\g5 Ad7! 38 . .£\xh7+ \t>f5 39.'it'e3 Aa4 and B lack wins.

35 ... h5 36 . .£lh2

(K) Or 36.gxh5 gxh5 37 .h4 'it'e6, and . . .\t>f5 wins.

4 5 . . . \t>d5 46.\t>e2 'it'd4 4 7 . \t>d2 a4 48.g5 f5 .

4 t . . . .Q. d 5 4 2 . a 3 b5 43 . .£l f l a S 44 . .£ld2 a4 45 . .£le4

(K) Or 45 .'it'dl g5!, etc. 4S . . . .Q. x e4 46.d x e4 b4 47.�d2 bxa3 48.�cl g5, 0-1

(447) Rubinstein- Mieses Gothenburg (8) 1 920 Dutch Staunton [A83] t . d4 f5 2 .e4 f x e4 4 . .Q.g5 .£lc6 5.f3 d5 7 . .£l x e4 d x e4 8.d5 .£l f7 10 . .Q.f4 ? 1 c 6 1 2 .d6?

3 . .£lc3 .£l f6 6.fxe4 .£l xe4 .£l e 5 9 . '/Wd4 l l . .Q.c4 e6

37 . . . d411

Better is 1 2 .�xe4 with approximately equal chances.

(K) Rubinstein conducts the ending bri l l iantly. White 's possible moves are reduced step by step.

1 2 . . . j}_ x d6 1 3 . A x d6 '/W x d6 14. '/W x g7 '/Wb4+ 1 5 .'/Wc3 '/W x c3+ t 6.bxc3 .£ld6 17.Ae2 e51

349

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 1 8 . A h 5 + ? 1 ct;e7 1 9 . 4) e 2 .§.f8 20.4)g3 Ae6 2l.Ae2 .§.adS 22.a4 4) f5 2 3 . 4) f l 4) h4 24 . .£J e 3 .£lf5 25 . .£Jdl 4)h4 26 . .§.gl? .§.g8 27.g3 .£j f3+ 28. A x f3 e x f3 29 . .§.bl b6 30 . .§.fl e4 3 l . .§.b4 Af5 3 2 . 4) e3 ct;f6 33.a5 b5 34.a6 ct;e5 35 . .§.f2 h5 36.c4 .§.d4 37 . .§.b3 Ae6 38. .§.a3 A xc4 39 . .§.d2 .§.f8 40. 4) xc4 bxc4 41 . .§. xd4 ct; x d4 42.ct;f2 c5 43 . .§.e3 .§.f6 44 . .§.el .§. xa6 45 . .§.dl + ct;e5 46 . .§.d8 .§.f6 47 . .§.e8+ ct;d4 48.h3 a5 49.g4 h xg4 50.h xg4 a4 5 1 .g5 .§.g6 5 2 . .§. d 8 + ctlc3 5 3 . .§. d 5 a 3 54 . .§. xc5 a 2 5 5 . .§.a5 ct;b2 56 . .§.b5+ ct;xc2 57 . .§.a5 ct;b2 58 . .§.b5+ ctlc3 59 . .§.a5 .§. xg5, 0-1

or l l . . .i<¥e7, with the possibility of put­ ting the queen on f7 . 1 2 ..1}.cl Ae7 13.a3 �a5 14.�c21

(S) Avoiding the threat 14 . . . Axa3. In case of 1 4 .b4 Black has 14 . . . .tlxb4, and against 1 4 .�d2 he could play 14 . . . i<¥b6 1 5 .b4 f5 , followed by 16 . . . .tld4 .

(448) Spielmann- Rubinstein Gothenburg (9) 1 920 Sicilian Nimzo-Rubinstein [B29] 14 . . . e4!

Notes by Rubinstein (R) and Spielmann (S).

(R) B lack's queen is in danger - the threat is 1 5 .b4 when White wins at least a piece. The ideas behind the pawn sac­ rifice are to free the queen and obtain good attacking chances.

l .e4 c5 2 . .£Jf3 4)f6

[Authors : While the Sicilian was not Rub inste i n ' s main defense to l . e4, 2 . . . .tlf6 was his trademark when he ventured it.]

t5.Ad2

(S) Not 1 5 .i<¥xe4 because of 1 5 . . . �f5 16.i<¥e3 0-0 with a strong attack. Un­ clear is 1 5 .b4 �xb4!?.

3.e5 .£l d 5 4.c4 4)c7 5.d4 c x d4 6 : � x d4 4)c6 7. �e4 d5 8 . e x d6 � xd6 9 . .£lc3 e5

1 5 ... exf3 16.4)d5 �c5

(R) The best continuation is 9 . . .f5 . If White's queen leaves the e-file, then 1 0 . . . e5 with good development. I f 1 0.i<¥e2, then Black can play 1 0 . . . g6, followed by . . . �g7 and . . . e5.

(S) Here an interesting continuation is 1 6 . . . .tld4 and if 1 7 . i<¥e4 then 1 7 . . . i<¥c5 1 8.Ab4 Af5 with the advantage.

10 . .1}.f4! f6 l l . .§.dl �b4

1 7 . 4) x c7 + ct;f7 1 8 . 4) x a8 Ag4 19.Ae3 �a5+ 20 . .§.d2 .§. x a8 2 l .c5

(R) After this move Black runs into dif­ ficulties. Better seems to be l l . . .i<¥e6

Axf3 22 .E! g l .

(S) Also worth considering is 2 1 .gxf3

350

1 920 21 ... .£)e5 22.g3 §d8 23 . .1lc4+

4 2 . .§. e6 �h l + 4 3 . .§. e l � x d 2 + 44.�xd2, but Black still keeps the ad­ vantage after 44 . . . �f3 45 .'l£1'xa7 �xg4 46.�e3 'l£1'g2 47.'l£1'g3 (if 47.h3 �f5 ) 47 . . . �c6, intending . . . �a4 or . . .§.d8.

(S) White must make a difficult deci­ sion. After 23.b4 �xa3 24.�a2+ �xa2 25 . .§. xa2, Black has good opportunities. I rejected 23.�b3+ �e6 24.�xb7 be­ cause of 24 . . . .§. xd2! 25 .Axd2 �c5 .

42 ... §c7 43. t?/d8 §d71

23 ... .£) xc4 24.t?/xc4+ Ae6 25.t?/b4 t?/ a 6 2 6 . \tl d 1 §c8 2 7 . § c 2 b6 28.\tlcl bxc5 29.t?/e4

(S) But not 43 . . . �xf6? 44.�g8+ .§.g7 4 5 . 'l£1'e8+ and White wins the queen with 46 . .§. e6.

(S) If 29.Axc5? �c6.

44. t?/g8 + \tl x f6 4 5 . t?/f8+ \tlg6 4 6 . t?/g8+ \tlf6 4 7. t?/ f8 + §f7 48.t?/h8+ §g7 49.h4 t?/d7 50.h5 \tlf7 5 1 .§e3 -'1, x e3 52.fxe3 \tle6, 0- 1

29 ... c4 30.-'1,d4 §d8 3 1 .§e1 Af8 32.§d2 g6 33. t?/xf3

.

(S) Not 33.g4?, because of 33 . . . c3! . 3 3 . . . A f 5 3 4 . t?/ e 3 § c 8 3 5 . .1lc3 Ad3 36.t?/d4 t?/c6 37.g4?1

(S) This loses. True, after 37.�xa7+ .§.c7 38.�d4 (38.�e3?? .§. e7) 38 . . . Ac5! 39.'l£1'h4 g5 40.�h5+ �g6 Black still

has good counterplay. 37 ... Ac5 38.t?/f4 g5 39.t?/g3 .1ld6 40. t?/e3 .1lf4 41. t?/e7+ \tlg6

42 . .1l x f6

( R ) T h i s sacri fi c e i s i n c orre c t . Spielmann probably overlooked the point of B lack's 43rd move. Better is 35 1

( 449) Rubinstein - Nimzovitch Gothenburg { l 0) 1 920 Owen [A40] 1 .d4 e6 2.c4 b6 3 . .£lf3 Ab7 4.g3 A b 4+ 5 . A d 2 A x d 2 + 6 . t?/ x d 2 .£) e7 ? 1 7 . .£l c 3 d 5 8 . c x d 5 e x d 5 9 . Ag2 c5 1 0 . d x c 5 b x c 5 1 1 . 0-0 .£ld7 1 2 . §fd1 0-0 1 3 . .£l e 1 .£)b6 14 . .£ld3 t?/d6 1 5 . .£lf4 t?/f6 16.b3 c4 17.bxc4 .£) x c4 18.t?/d4 t?/ xd4 1 9 . § x d4 .£) b6 20 . .£) c x d 5 -'1, x d5 21 . .£) xd5 .£)exd5 22.-'1,xd5 .£) xd5 23. § xd5 §fe8 24.e3 §e6 25.a4 g6 2 6 . § a d 1 \tlg7 2 7 . § d 8 § x d8 28. § x d8 \tlf6 29.\tlfl §a6 30.§d4 \1jle6 31.\tle2 §b6

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 3 2 .g4 .§ b 2 + 3 3 . \t'f3 .§a2 34.g5 \t'e7 3 5 . h4 \t'e6 3 6 . .§ f4 \t'e7 37.\t'g3 \t'f8 38.h5 .§at 39.hxg6 h x g6 40 . .§e4 .§ a 2 4 1 .f3 .§ a t 42.\t'f4 .§ c t 4 3 . .§b4 a 5 4 4 . .§e4 .§c3 4 5 . \t'g3 .§a3 4 6 . f4 .§ a t 47.\t'f2 .§a2+ 48.\t'f3 .§a3 49.\t'e2 f6 5 0 .g x f6 \t'f7 5 1 . .§ c4 \t' x f6 5 2 . \t'f3 \t' e 6 5 3 . \t'e4 \t' d 6 54.\t'd4 .§ a t 55.e4 .§ d t + 56.\t'e3 .§et + 57.\t'f3 .§fl + 58.\t'g4 .§gt + 59.\t'h4 .§bt 60.\t'g5 .§b4, t-0

(45 1 ) Rubinstein- Maroczy Gothenburg ( 1 2) 1 920 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D63] N o t e s fro m Th e Chess A m a teur, February 1 922 (A), Bogo1jubow (B), and Kmoch (K). t .d4 4)f6 2.4)f3 d5 3.c4 e6 4.Jtg5 Ae7 5.e3 4)bd7 6.4)c3 0-0 7 . .§ct .§e8?1 8. �c2 dxc4?1

(K) Not customary and weaker than 8 . . . c6. Generally, taking the pawn is in

(450) Tartakover- Rubinstein Gothenburg ( 1 1 ) 1 920 Giuoco Piano [C50]

order only after White's king bishop has moved.

t .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . Ac4 4) f6 4.4)c3 Jtc5 5.d3 d6 6.Ae3 Ab6 7."t;t d 2 Ag4 s . .£� g 5 A h 5 f3 h6 t0.4)h3 �d7 1 1 .g4 4)d4 t 2.Jtxd4 Jtxd4 13.4)gt Ag6 t4.4)ge2 Ab6 t 5.0-0-0 0-0-0 t6.d4 c6 t7.Jtb3 �e7 t8.d5 c x d5 t 9 . A x d 5 4) e8 2 0 . 4) a 4 �c7 2 1 . �b4 4) f 6 22.4) x b6+ � x b6 23.� x b6 a x b6 24.4)c3

Better is 24.h4. 24 ... h5 25.g5 4) xd5 26 . .§ xd5 h41 27 . 4) b5 Jt h 5 28 . .§ f t .§ hf8 29 . .§ xd6 f5 30.gxf6 .§ x f6 3t . .§ x f6 g x f6 3 2 . 4) c3 .§g8 33 . .§f2 \t'd7 34.4)d5 \t'e6 35.4)e3 h3 36.\t'd2 .§gt 37.\t'e2 .§at 38.a3 .§bt 39.b3 .§ h t 40.a4 Ae81 4 1 . 4) d 5 Ac6 4 2 . 4) x b6 f5 43 . e x f 5 + \t' x f5 44.4)c4 \t'f4 45.4)e3?

9.Jtxc4 c5 t0.0-0 cxd4 1 1.4) xd4 a6

(B) Black should play l l . . .
1 3 . Ah4

4) e 5

(K) The knight is misplaced here. It belongs on the queenside, possibly on c6, in order to secure the square c7 for the queen - at the very least. [Authors : Here Tartakover recommends 1 4 . . . 1td7 1 5 .
(A) I f lS . . .
Better is 45 .
45 . . . .§ g t l 4 6 . 4) f t .§g2 47. 4) d 2 .§g t 48. 4) f l .§g2 49 . 4) d 2 .§g t 50.4)ft .§g2 5t .4)d2 .§gt, Draw

�b8

(A) Stop s Black from obtaining a little 352

1 920 more freedom by 1 9 . . . §. b8 and 20 ... b5.

3 1 .h5 .£l f8 32 .h6 .£l g6 33. �e6! E!f8 34.§d7 gxh6

1 9 . . . J;lb4 20 . .£lc4 Ad7 2 1 . .£l d 5 .£l xd5 22.J;lxd5 Ae6

According to Razuvaev, 22 . . . Ag4 of­ fers better defensive chances. 23.�e4

( B ) A l s o g o o d is 2 3 . 4:J x e 5 4:l x e 5 24.Axe5 and i f 2 4 . . . Ag4 25.Ad4 with an extra pawn, but Rubinstein prefers to keep the pressure on. 35.Ah4! t-o 23 . . . J;l x d 5 24 . E! x d 5 25.E!cdl Af8

E! ac8

(A) For if 35 . . . 4Jxh4 36:1tfe7 wins.

(K) Not 2 5 .. .f5? because of 26:1tfxf5 ! §. x c 4 2 7 . §. d7 4Jh8 2 8 . A x e 5 Af8 2 9 . A x g7 ! .lt x g7 3 0 . §. x g 7 + 'it' x g7 3 1 . §. d7+, etc. 26.b3 b5 27 .£ld6 A xd6 28.§ xd6 E!c7? •

( B ) B lack m i s s e s h i s last chan c e : 2 8 . . :1tfa8!. Now 29.R6d5 i s bad because of 29 . . . f5 ! 3 0 . � x f5 � x d 5 3 l . §. x d5 §. c l + . lf 29.�f5 then 29 . . .f6 30.h4 4Jh8

is possible and B lack's position is play­ able. 29.h4! f6 30.�d5+ �h8

(K) Or 30 . . . §.f7 3 1 .h5 4Jf8 32.h6, etc. And if30 . . . 'it'f8 3 1 .�e4, with the threat of 32.h5, etc. The text move loses even faster.

353

(452) Breyer- Rubinstein Gothenburg ( 1 3) 1 920 Queen's Pawn [D04] t . d4 dS 2 . e3 .£l f6 3 . .£l f3 Af5 4.Ad3 e6 s . A x f5 e x f5 6 . � d 3 �c8 7.0-0 c 6 8.c4 d xc4 9 . � x c4 A d 6 1 0 . .£l c 3 0 - 0 l l . a4 .£l a6 1 2 . A d 2 E!e8 1 3 . E! fc l �d7 14 . .£la2 .£le4 1 5.Ab4 f4 16.Axd6 .£l xd6 17.�b3 fxe3 18.fxe3 �e6 19.E!c3 .£lc7 20 . .£l b4 aS 21.� xe6 E! x e6 22 .£lc2 E!ae8 23.E!c5 .£la6 24. E! xa5 .£lc4 25.E!f5 g6 26. E!f4 h6 2 7 . E! f l �g7 2 8 . b 3 .£l d 6 2 9 . .£l e 5 E! 8e7 30 . .£l c4 .£l c7 3 1 . .£l x d6 E! x d6 3 2 . § 4f3 .£l d 5 33.e4 .£l c7 34.E!el .£l e6 3 5 .E!d3 E!ed7 36.E!edl .£lc5 37.E!e3 .£le6 3 8 . E! ed 3 .£l c 5 3 9 . E! c 3 .£l e 6 40.E!cd3, Draw •

Non-Tournament Games 1 906-1920 Rubinstein was not a great simul player in the style of Capablanca or Alekhine, but he gave quite a few exhibitions in his life. What follows is a variety of games, primarily from exhibitions, but also from such diverse forms as blind­ fold, consultation, and blitz play. The following game was published in Pierwyj a/manach Lodzinskogo obs­ zczestwa liubitielej szachmatnoj igry, Lodz 1 907. There is no record of what competition it's from, but it can't be from the Lodz 1 906 double round, s i n c e according to the c r o s s t ab l e Rubinste i n ' s scored I Yl - Yl against Daniuszewski and in this game he loses. Our gue s s , e s p e c i a l l y b e c a u s e o f Rubinstein's cavalier play ( l l . . .g5?), i s that it's an offuand game.

If 17 . . . �g6 18.Ah6+ ! and wins. 1 8 . fJhs! Aa6 1 9 . A h4 fJg6 2 0 . § x g6 f x g6 2 1 . -'i,f6 �f7 22. 'lt!ig7+ �e6 23.Ah4, 1-0

(454) Goldfarb- Rubinstein Lodz (Blitz) 1 907 Center Game [C22] 1 . e4 e5 2.d4 e x d4 3.f1 x d4 4)c6 4.f1e3 4)f6 5.4)c3 Ae7 6.Ad2 d5 7.exd5 4) xd5 8.4) xd5 f1 xd5 9.b3 Af5 10.0-o-o o-o-o n.Ac4

(453) Daniuszewski- Rubinstein Lodz (Offuand) September 4, 1 906 Four Knights [C49] l .e4 e5 2 .Jtl f3 4)c6 3 . 4) c3 4) f6 4.-'\.b5 Ab4 5.0-0 0-0 6.d3 -'1, xc3 7.bxc3 d6 8.-'i, xc6 bxc6 9.-'\.g5 h6 10.-'i,h4 E!e8 1 1 . §e1 g5? 12.4) x g5 hxg5 13.Axg5 f1e7 14.§e3 f1e6 15.E!g3 �f8 16.fJf3 4)g8 17.fJh5 §b8

l l ... fJa5!! 12.a4

If 1 2 .Axa5 Aa3+ 1 3 .�bl .§ xdl + and mate next move. 12 ... Aa3+ 13.�b1 4) b4 14.Ad3 E! xd3! 1 5.cxd3 f1d5, 0-1

(45 5) Daniuszewski - Rubinstein Lodz (Blitz) 1 907 Ruy Lopez [C60] 1 .e4 e5 2.4)f3 4)c6 3.Ab5 f6 4.d4 4)ge7 5.dxe5 4) xe5 6.4) xe5 fxe5 7.4)c3 4)g6 8.0-0 Ac5 9.�h1 c6 10.-'i,c4 �f6 l l .�h5 d6 1 2.Ag5 �f8 13 .f4, 1-0

Non-Tournament Games 1 920 (456) Fandrich and Marco ­ Rubinstein and Sa/we Vienna (Consultation) May 1 908 Ruy Lopez [C98]

§d8 t4.t/Jxe51 fxe5 t5.Jl,xd8 4)h6 t6.Ah4, t-0

l . e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3 . Jl b 5 a6 4.Jl,a4 4)f6 5.0-0 Jl,e7 6.§et b5 7 . A b 3 d6 8 . c 3 0 - 0 9 . h 3 4) a 5 tO.Ac2 c5 l l .d4 t/Jc7 t 2 . 4) bd2 4) c 6 t 3 . d 5 4) d 8 t 4 . 4) f l 4) e8 t5 . .£lg3 g6 t6.Jl,h6 4)g7 t7.4)h2 f6 t8. t/Jd2 4) f7 t 9 . 4) g4 Jl,d7 20.f3 t/Jc8 2 1 . §ft f5 2 2 . A x g7 'if/ xg7 23.exf5 gxf5 24.4)e3 4)h6 2 5 . 4) g4 4) g8 2 6 . 4) e3 Jl,h4 27.4)h5+ 'if/h8 28.g4 f4 29.t/Jd3 § f7 3 0 . 4) g 2 t/Jd8 3 l .a4 A x f5 32.gxf5 t/Jg5 33.f6 t/J xh5 34.t/Jf5 t!Jh6 35.t/Je6 § xf6 36.t/Jd7 bxa4 3 7 . Jl, f 5 Ag3 3 8 . E{ x a4 4) e7 3 9 . Ae6 t/Jg7 40 . § fa t § g6 4 1 . § x a6 § x a6 42.§ x a6 h5 43.t/Je8+ 4)g8 44.§a8 e4 45.Axg8 t/J x g8 4 6 . t/J c 6 e x f3 47. § x g8+ 'if/ x g8 48. t/Je8+ 'if/g7 49 . 4) x f4 A x f4 + 5 0 . 'if/f2 A c t 5 1 . t/Je7+ 'if/h6 5 2 .b4 c x b4 53.c x b4 Jlg5 54. t/Je4 §f6 5 5 .h4 A c t 5 6 . b 5 'if/g7 5 7 . t/Jd3 A b 2 5 8 . b 6 E! f4 59.b7 §f8 60. t/Jc4, t-O

According to Shakhmatnoe Obozrenie #90, p. 43 7, Rubinstein began to play simultaneous exhibitions only in the late fall of 1 909. He started in Vilna and Warsaw against small numbers of players, but by the end of the year (December 27 - January 3) was ready for a big trip to Moscow.

Rubinstein 's Visit to Moscow

There the first large exhibition, on December 2 7 , was against a strong field of 35 players (Alexey Alekhine, Urusov, Perelzweig, et a! . ) . After 6 hours and 45 minutes the score was +26,-4,=5 (This result has also been reported as +27,-4,=6). The following two games are from this event. (45 8) Rubinstein - Butiagin Moscow (Simul) December 27, 1 909 King's Gambit Falkbeer [C3 1 ] t .e4 e 5 2 . f4 d 5 3 . e x d 5 t/J x d 5 ? 4 . 4) c 3 t/J e 6 5 . 4) f3 e x f4+ 6.'if/f2 t/Jb6+ 7.d4 Jl,d6 8 . Jl, b 5 + Jl,d7 9.§et + 4)e7

(45 7) Daniuszewski- Rubinstein Lodz (Blitz?) 1 908 Giuoco Piano [C53 ] l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4) c 6 3.Ac4 Jlc5 4.c3 t!Jf6 5 . d4 Jl,b6 6 . 0 - 0 d6?! 7.Ag5 t/Jg6 8.dxe5 Ag4

An attempt to improve. After 8 . . dxe5 9A:Jxe5 ! �xg5 10 . .£lxf7, White has a .

winning position. 9 . e x d 6 .Q. x f3 tO . t/J x f3 4) e 5 tl .d7+ 1 �f8 1 2 . t/Jg3 f6 1 3 . E{dt

tO . .Q. x f4! .Q. x b5

355

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King If 10 . . . �xf4 1 U 'i xe7+ ! , etc.

(460) Rubinstein- Liubimov, Rozanov, P. Selezniev Moscow (Consultation) Dec. 28, 1 909 French Chigorin [COO]

l l . Jl x d6 � x d6 1 2 . .£J x b5 �d7 13.�e2 .£j bc6 14.d5 .£l b4 1 5.d6! c x d6 16 . .§. a d l d5 1 7 . c 3 .£l bc 6 18 . .§. x d5!, 1-0

l .e4 e6 2. �e2 c5 3.f4 Ae7 4.d3 .£lc6 5.g3 .£lf6 6.Ag2 0-0 7 . .£Jf3 d5 8.0-0 b6 9 . .£Jc3 Ab7 10 . .£jd1 �c7 l l .e5 .£je8 1 2.c3 d4 13.c4 g6 14 . .£jf2 .£lg7 15.Ad2 a6 16 . .£Je4 b 5 1 7 . b 3 b x c4 1 8 . b x c4 .§. a b8 1 9 . g4 Aa8 20 . .§. a b 1 .§. x b l 2 1 . .§. x b 1 .§.b8 2 2 . .§. x b8+ � x b8 2 3 . .£J f6 + Jl x f6 2 4 . e x f6 .£j e 8 25 . .£l e 5 �c8 26.g5 .£j d 6 2 7. .£J xc6 A x c6 2 8 . � e 5 Jl x g 2 2 9 . � x d 6 �as 30.Aa5 Ah3 3 1 .
(459) Rubinstein - Mints Moscow (Simul) December 27, 1 909 King's Gambit [C30] l . e4 e 5 2 . f4 Ac5 3 . .£l f3 .£l c 6 4.f xe5 .£! xe5 5 . .£1 xe5 �h4+ 6.g3 � x e4+ 7 . � e 2 � x h l 8.d4 -'l.e7 9 . .£Jf3

ECO gives credit for this continuation to Seyboth. 9 ... b6!?

This interesting attempt, not mentioned in ECO, is convincingly refuted by Rubinstein.

Black can and should draw here with 38 . . �xa2 + . .

10.c4 Aa6 l l .b3 d5 1 2.Aa3 dxc4 1 3 . A x e7 .£j x e7 1 4 . .£J bd 2 c 3 1 5 . � x a 6 c x d 2 + 1 6 .
3 9 .
356

B lack's last move was sealed and the game was not resumed. In the final po­ sition White has some slight chances for a win.

Non- Tournament Games 1 920 (46 1 ) Rubinstein, Isakov ­ Bernstein, Urusov Moscow (Consultation) Dec. 29, 1 909 Ruy Lopez [C66] l .e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3.Ab5 4) f6 4.0-0 Ae7 5 . 4) c3 d6 6.d4 Ad7 7.Ag5 exd4 S.4) xd4 0-0 9.Axc6 b x c6 1 0 . � d3 4) g4 ? ! l l . A x e7 � x e7 1 2 . f4 c 5 l 3 . 4) f3 .§.abS 14.h3 4)h6 1 5.b3 f6 16.4)d5 �dS 17.c4 4)f7 lS . .§.fel .§.feS 19 . .§.adl Ac6 20.�c3 A x d 5 21 . .§. x d5 c6 22 . .§.d2 �c7 23 . .§.de2 .§.e6 24.1i!7fl .§.beS 2 5 . �d3 g6 2 6 . � c 2 li!7g7 27.�d3 �e7?

2S.b4! �c7

If 28 . . . cxb4 then 29.<£ld4 wins the ex­ change.

4t ... li!7gS 42. �g3 h6 43. �f2 .§. xe5 44 . 4) x h6+ li!7g7 45 . .§. x e 5 .§. x e 5 46. 4) x f7 .§. x e l + 47. � x e l li!7 x f7 4S . � f 2 + li!7g7 4 9 . � b 2 + �d4+ 50.� x d4+ cxd4 51.g4 c5, Draw [White 3 :2 5 ; B lack 3 : 09.]

(462) Bernstein, Urusov ­ Rubinstein, /sakov Moscow (Consultation) Dec. 30, 1 909 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [D28] l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.4)c3 dxc4 4.e3 4) f6 5 . A x c4 a6 6.4)f3 c5 7.0-0 4)c6 S. �e2 b5 9.Ab3 �c7 10.a4 b4 1 1 . 4) b l Ab7 1 2 . d x c 5 A x c5 1 3 . 4) bd 2 0-0 1 4 . 4) c4 .§. acS 1 5 . .§.dl 4)g4 16.Ad2 4)e7 17.h3 A x f3 1 S . � x f3 � h 2 + 1 9 . 1i!7fl 4)e5 2 0 . 4) x e 5 � x e 5 2 1 . .§. abl .§.fdS 2 2 . Ac4 a 5 23.b3 4) f5 24.Aa6 .§.c7 25.Ael .§.fS 26.Ad3 4)h4 27.�f4 � x f4 2S.e xf4 4) g6 2 9 . A x g 6 h x g6 30 . .§. bc l .§. fcS 3 1 . A d 2 li!7fS 32 . .§.c4 li!7e7 3 3 . .§.dcl Ab6 34 . .§. x c7 + .§. x c7 35 . .§. x c7 + A x c7 3 6 . 1i!7 e 2 li!7d6 3 7 . 1i!7 d 3 li!7d5 3 S . A e 3 Ads 39.Ad4 f6 40.f3 Ac7 4t.g4 Ads 42.h4 Ac7 43.h5 gx h 5 44.g xh5 Ads 45.Aat Ae7 46.Ab2 Ac5 47.Aat Af2

29.bxc5 dxc5 30.e5 fxe5 3 l .fxe5 �e7 3 2 . h4 li!7 gS 3 3 . � e 3 .§.fS 34.1i!7gl .§.eS 35.�f4 .§.fS 36.�g3 .§. e S 37 . .§. e4 li!7 g7 3 S . h 5 g 5 39.4)h4 li!7hS

If 39 . . . <£Jh6? 40 .flg4!

According to Bernstein, the immediate 4 l .�f2 is better.

48.f51?

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King The last try. If now 48 . . . e x f5? then 49.Axf6! wins. The immediate 48 . .ilxf6 does not win : 48 . . . gxf6 4 9 . f5 ! .ilc5

A strong move, threatening ... 4:Jd4 or . . 4:Jf4. White 's reply is the only good defense. .

50.h6 .ilf8 5 1 .fxe6 'it>xe6 5 2 .h7 .ilg7 5 3.�c4 \t'd6! 54.'it>b5 f5 55 .�xa5 'it>c5 56.�a6 'it>c6 and draws (Bernstein).

48 e5 49.Ab2 Ag3, Draw [White 2 : 3 0; Black 2 :40]

2 1 . Cifl f l Et x d l 2 2 . Et x d l !a d S 2 3 .£l fe 5 Et x d l 24 . -lt x d l .£l d 5 25.'ltb3! •

.••

Utro Rossii gives a result of +26,-7,=5 for a 3 8-board simul lasting six hours that was held in Moscow on December 3 1 , 1 909. (463) Alekhine and BernsteinRubinstein and Goncharov Moscow (Consultation Game) Jan. I , 1 9 1 0 Queen's Gambit Accepted [D28]

An excellent move, which prepares f2f3 and at the same time attacks the t7pawn; for example, if now 25 . . . .ilf6, then 26.4:Jxt7!. 25 . . . .£l dc7 2 6 . f3 'ltbl 2 7 . .£l d 3 .£lb5?

The d e c i s i v e m i stake. B etter i s 27 . . . .ilf6.

Notes by Bernstein from Utro Rossii, January 4, 1 9 1 0.

28 . .£j d 2 'lt a l 2 9 . 'lta4! .£l ec7 3 0 . Cifl e 2 Jl.f6 3 1 . .£l b3 'lt b l 3 2 . .£j d 2 'lt a l 3 3 .£! b3 'ltbl 34. .£jbxc5 Axb2 35.'ltb3 .£lc3+ •

l.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3 . .£lf3 dxc4 4.e3 .£lf6 5.A x c4 a6 6.0-0 c5 7.'lte2 .£lc6 8.Eldl 'ltc7 9 . .£lc3 b5 10.Ab3 Ab7 l l . d 5 e x d 5 1 2 . .11, x d 5 b4 13 . .£lg5! .£jd8

If 1 3 . . . b x c 3 ? then 1 4 . .il x f7 + � e 7 1 5 . �c4 4:Jd8 16.1"! xd8! and White wins. [Authors: The risky looking 13 ... 0-0-0!? is the best chance.]

In case of 1 5 . . . �b5 White will play 16.�f3 1"! c8 1 7 .e4 with a strong attack; for examp l e , 17 . . . ile7 1 8 . e 5 4:Jd7 19 .�h3 ! , etc.

Looks risky, but this is the only correct continuation.

1 6 . .£j d 2 0-0 17 . .£lc4 h6 18 . .£l f3 .£je6 19.Ad2 .§fd8 20.-'tel �e4!

If 37 :itfc2? 4Je4+! and B lack wins the queen . 358

36 ... .£!7d5 37.e4!

Non-Tournament Games 1 920 37 ... .£)f4 38 . .£) xb2

1 2 . Ac4+ d5 1 3.Ab3 .Q. e 6 14.f4 Af7 15. �g4 �c8?

B u t n o t 3 8 . 4J x f4?? .ll c l mate , or 3 8 . � x b 2 ? �dl + 3 9 . 'lt' e 3 4J x d 3 40.4Jxd3 �xe l + ! and Black has good chances for a draw. 38 ... .£) xg2 39 . .£\bd3 �a1 40.�c2 .£) x e 1 4 1 . .£) x e 1 .£) x a 2 42 . .£) b3 � e 5 4 3 . �c8+
[Authors : Reinfeld, in 1 00 Instructive Games ofA lekhine, gives 45 . . . g6! as the last slim hope.] 46. .£)c2 .£)d5 47.
The fo l lowing day Rubinstein and Alekhine squared off for the first time (game # 2 6 0 ) . The report o f Rubinstein's visit mentions that h e took the train back to Warsaw on January 4, which means that the day before his departure was free for h i m to play Alekhine a second game. Though ru­ mors have circulated for a long time about the existence of such a game, nothing has ever surfaced. The location where the next game was played is not certain. It appeared in Esser ' s chess column shortl y after Rotlewi visited Amsterdam.

White is left with a clear advantage af­ ter 1 5 . . . dxe4 1 6 . fxe5 .ll x b3 1 7 . axb3 exd3 18.cxd3, e.g. , 18 . . . �xd3 1 9 . .1lc5; 1 5 . . . exf4 is best with equal chances af­ ter 1 6 .�xf4 ( 1 6 Jhf4 dxe4 1 7 .dxe4 �a5) 1 6 ... dxe4 1 7.dxe4 �a5 .

16.�g3? 16.�xc8 .§ xc8 1 7 . fxe5 with the idea 17 . . . fxe5 18 . .1lc5 El c7 1 9.4Jf5 is very

strong. 16 . . . e x f4 1 7 . J;l x f4 �d7 1 8 . e 5 c;fthS 19.§ae1 g5?

This is suicide. Safer is 1 9 ... .1lg8, lim­ iting White's advantage.

(464) Rotlewi - Rubinstein Ofihand game 1 9 1 0 Four Knights [C49]

2 0 . e x f6 g x f4 2 1 . f x e7 § gS 2 2 . � x f4 .Q.g6 2 3 . � d4 + .£) g7 24 . .£) x g6 + h x g6 2 5 . § e 3 c;fth7 2 6 . § h 3 + .£) h 5 2 7 . § f7 + c;ft h 6 2 8 . �f4+ g 5 2 9 . § x h 5 + c;ft x h 5 30.§h7+ c;ftg6 31.�f7+ mate, 1-0 [A lgemeen Handelsbad, January 1 9 1 2]

l .e4 e5 2 . .£\ f3 .£)c6 3 . .£\c3 .£) f6 4 . A b 5 A b4 5 . 0 - o o-o 6 . d 3 d6 7.Ag5 .£le7 8 . .£)h4 A xc3 9.bxc3 .£) e8 1 0 . � h 5 f6 1 1 . A e 3 c6

Shortly after the San Sebastian tourna­ ment, on March 1 9, 1 9 1 1 , Rubinstein gave a simul at the famous Cafe de Ia Regence in Paris, scoring + 1 4,-2 ,=2 .

359

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King On March 2 7 , Akiva was in Berlin, where he scored +36,- 1 ,=3 at the Cafe Kerkau. Dr. Fleck was the only winner against Akiva in an exhibition held January 30, 1 9 1 2 , at the Frankfurt Schachverein Anderssen. Rubinstein scored + 1 3 , - 1 , = I on 1 5 boards. The draw was with Lipinsky. Rubinstein also gave a simul, on April 30, 1 9 1 2, in Nuremberg at the Chess Club Tarrasch, finishing with a score +22-2=5 after 4 hours. His losses were to Dursch and Thumauer, and his draws to Eismann, Kirschbaum, Muller, Rothbarth, and Steinlein.

20 .Q.h3 •

An interesting and possibly superior alternative is 20.b4 a6 2 l .a4, which was successfully used in a somewhat s i m i l a r p o s i t i o n by B obby F i sher against IM Minev at the Havana Olym­ piad in 1 966.

Rubinstein gave a simultaneous display at Munich (restaurant Richard Wagner) on May I , 1 9 1 2 . He played against 40 opponents, but so slowly that after five hours of play, more than half the games had to be adjudicated. Final score: 28 wins, 9 draws, and 3 losses.

20

•••

e5

This well-timed advance liquidates the backward e-pawn.

(465) Rubinstein- Domsberger Munich (Simul) May I , 1 9 1 2 French Classical [C l 4]

2 1 .fxe5 2 l ..ilxd7 exd4 2 2 . .ilxe8 dxc3 yields B l a c k equal c h an c e s in the rook endgame arising after 23 ..,Q,xc6 bxc6

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.l�)c3 4)f6 4 . .Q.g5 Ae7 5 . e 5 4) fd7 6 . .Q. x e7 t:/ x e7 7.t:/d2 0-0 8.f4 f6 9.e x f6 4) x f6 1 0 .g3 c5 1 1 . .£l f3 4) c 6 1 2 .Q.g 2 .Q.d7

24.bxc3 l:':l b8 25.l:':le7 l:':lb2.

•

21 4) xe5 22 . .Q.g2 4)c4 23.E! xe8 E! x e8 24 .Q.xd5+ .Q. x d5+ 25.E! xd5 .•.

The continuation 1 2 . . . cxd4 1 3 .
•

2 5 .
1 4 .
1 3 . 0- 0 c x d4 1 4 . 4) x d4 t:/ c 5 1 5 . E! a d 1 E! ae8 1 6 . h 1 4) x d4 1 7 . t:/ x d4 t:/ x d4 1 8 . E! x d4 .Q.c6 19.E!e1 4)d7

25 ... E!e1 + 26.g2 E!e7?1

At first glance, 26 . . . l:':l c l looks easier and more natural, but after 27.l:':ld8+

360

'
Non-Tournament Games 1 920 3 1 .
2 5 . c x d3 E! e 2 2 6 . � h 5 .£) b 5 27 . .1l b 4 a5 28.a4 a x b4 29.a x b5 b x c3 30.bxc6 � x c6 3 l .g5 E!b2 3 2 . E! e 1 �c5+ 3 3 . � h 1 �f2 3 4 . E!g 1 � x g l + 3 5 . � x g 1 E! a l + 36.jld1 c2, 0-1 [Magyar Sakkvilag 1 9 1 2/ 1 3 , p.38]

27.E!d8+ �f7 28.b3 2 8 . �f3
dangerous. 28 ... 4:)e3+ 29.�f2 4:) xc2 30.4:)d5 E!e5 3 1 . 4:) f4 E!b5 32.E!d7+ �f6 33.g4, Draw

Rubinstein has compensation for the pawn but no more. [Deutsche Arbeiter-Schachzeitung, May 1 9 1 2 , pp.66-67] Rubinstein played five strong masters simultaneously at the Budapest Chess Club on May 6, 1 9 1 2. He beat Abonyi, Breyer (2500 Elo ), and Gaj dos, but lost to Sterk and Asztalos (2480 Elo). The following game seems to be all that has survived from this event. Karoly Sterk ( 1 88 1 - 1 946) is rated 24 1 0 o n Elo's list. (466) Rubinstein- Sterk Budapest (Simul) May 6, 1 9 1 2 Four Knights [C49] l .e4 e5 2 . 4:) f3 4:)c6 3 . Ab5 4:) f6 4 . 4:) c 3 Ab4 5 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 6.d3 d6 7.Ag5 4:)e7 8.4:)h4 c6 9.Ac4 4:)e8 1 0 . � h 5 A x c3 l l . b x c 3 Ae6 12.4:)f5 A x f5 13.exf5 d5 14.Ab3 f6 1 5 . .1le3 4:) d 6 1 6 . g4 �e8 17.�h3 b6 18.f4 e4 19.E!ae1 �h8 20 . .1lc1 �d7 21 .E!e3 4:)g8 22 . .1la3 § feB 2 3 . � h4 ex d 3 2 4 . § h3 h6

36 1

We were unable to discover what con­ ditions the following game was played under, but if we had to guess we would speculate it is from an exhibition. Our j udgment is based in part on Black's weak play in the opening, and the fact that Kupczinski is not listed in either Litmanowicz and Gizycki 's mammoth two-volume encyclopedia or Gaige 's Chess Personalia. (467) Rubinstein- Kupczinski Warsaw, November 1 5 , 1 9 1 4 Four Knights [C48] 1 .e4 e5 2 . 4:) f3 4:)c6 3 . 4:)c3 4:)f6 4.Ab5 4:) d4 5 . 4:) x d4 e x d4 6.e5 dxc3 7.exf6 �xf6 8.bxc3

This move is not given in ECO, which mentions only 8.dxc3. Considering that Rubinstein is closely connected with 4 . . . <£ld4, his play as White here is most noteworthy. Primarily a l . d4 player, Akiva usually played the King's Gam­ bit when he opened l .e4 and his oppo­ nent replied l . . . e 5 . This is the only game we know of where he was faced with 4 . . .
The logical follow-up to Black's play. He is now two pawns up but completely lost because of White 's overwhelming advantage in development.

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 13.0-0 � x a4 14 .§.el �b4 1 5 .§.bl �f8 1 6 . A,f4 f6 1 7 . � d 2 b6 1 8 . Jl,d6 �f7 1 9 . � f4 Jl, a 6 20 . .§. b d l � x a 2 2 1 . � f5 A, c 8 2 2 . .§.e7 �a5 •

•

L a s k e r preferred 1 5 . .£\ b 3 against Tarrasch at St. Petersburg 1 9 1 4. 15 ... .£ld3! 16.Jl,xd3

(RE) If 16 . .£\e4?, then 16 . . . g6 1 7.�d1 .£\xe 1 ! 1 8.�xd4 .£\xc2 and 1 9 . . . .£\xa 1 , a s in Factor-Regedzifiski, Lodz 1 9 1 8 . 16 ... � xd3 17 .£)e4 .§.adS? •

2 3 . Ac 5 d6 24 . .§. x d6 + ! � x e7 25 . .§.d7+, 1-0

[Moskovskiye Vedomosti, November 1 5 , 1 9 1 4]

(RE) Also favoring White is 17 . . . j}_b4 1 8 . j}_d2 Axd2 1 9 . .§ ad 1 followed by 20 . .§ xd2. B lack should play 17 . . . .§ fd8, in which case the following combina­ tion by White is impossible. (A) ECO, in error once again, claims that 17 . . . .§ ad8 is a recommendation by Korchnoi - who wasn't born until 1 93 1 . 18.A,g5 Jl xg5 19. � xg5! h6?

(R) B lack's best defense is 19 . . . �d4!. (468) Regedziiiski, Factor, Hirschbein - Rubinstein Lodz December 26, 1 9 1 7 Ruy Lopez [C83]

20.�elf Jld5 2l . .§.e3! �d4?

Notes by Rubinstein (R), Regedzifiski (RE), and Authors (A)

(R) Losing immediately, but also after the best try, 2 1 . . .�c4, White can ob­ tain a clearly advantageous endgame by 2 2 .�xc4 .

l . e4 e5 2 .£) f3 .£) c 6 3 . Jl b 5 a6 4.-'l,a4 .£)f6 5.0-0 .£) x e4 6.d4 b5 7.Jl,b3 d5 8.dxe5 Jl,e6 9.c3 Jle7 lO . .§.el 0-0 11 . .£)bd2 .£lc5 1 2.Jl,c2 d4! 13.cxd4 •

(RE) Favorable for B lack is 1 3 . .£\e4 dxc3 1 4 . .£\ x c S j}_xc5 1 5 . j}_e4 � x d 1 1 6 . .§ xd 1 .§ adS! .

(A) ECO wrongly credits Keres for this variation. 2 2 . .£)f6+!, 1-0 13 .£) x d4 1 5.�h5 • . •

1 4 . .£l x d4

� x d4

(RE) For if 2 2 . . . g x f6 2 3 . .§ g 3 + �h7 362

Non-Tournament Games 1 920 24.Eih3, or 22 . . . 'it>h8 2 3 . Ei h3 intending 24.Ei xh6+.

The November 1 97 1 issue of Chess Life and Review, pp. 64 1 -644, featured an article by Albrecht B uschke entitled "When Sammy Was ' Shmulik, "' which details the sole encounter between two of the greatest players in the history of chess. "During the war winter of 1 9 1 6/ 1 7, first rumors, then news, reached the West­ em world from German-occupied Po­ land: a little 5-year-old chess prodigy was said to have beaten some better than average Polish players and given simple simultaneous exhibitions with astonishing success. In its double issue 7/8 of February 25, 1 9 1 7, the German chess magazine Deutsches und Berliner Schachzeitung reported from Warsaw that on February 1 1 , 1 9 1 7, the 5-year­ old Schmul Rzeszewski had played a game against the well-known master A. Rubinstein 'who played blindfold'

and that, while 'the little man' was on the defensive all the time, he gave the great Rubinstein a valiant battle which lasted about 90 minutes , ' presented many interesting moments and became particularly exciting in the final phase. ' Certainly, ' things were not made easy for Mr. Rubinstein and the kiss he pressed on the blond locks of his little opponent, who after brave opposition had to resign in the end after all, was a token of warmest and most genuine ap­ preciation . . . ' "Well, by now our readers will have gathered that the poor little ' Schmul Rzeszewski ' is none other than our se­ nior grandmaster Samuel ( S ammy) Reshevsky, just turning 60. He did not quite live up to the prediction that Rubinstein supposedly made. Accord­ ing to the pamphlet by B. Kagan Samuel Rzeschewski das Schachwunderkind ( B erl i n , c a . 1 9 2 0 ) , ' th e l i ttle guy aroused such excitement (by his suc­ cess in the Warsaw Chess Club) that

Samuel Reshevsky (left) and Charles Jaffe (right)

363

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King Chess Master Rubinstein decided to play a game with him. This, of course, the boy lost, but Rubinstein said to him after the game: "You will some time become the Chess Champion of the World." It might also be mentioned that, when Rubinstein showed him the game he had won in the St. Petersburg Tour­ nament of 1 909 against Lasker, the boy pointed out a win in two moves less . ' "How much o f the preceding is legend, how much truth, is of course very dif­ ficult to prove after so many years. " What is clear is that while Reshevsky played exceptionally well for a five­ year-old, he didn't have a chance against Rubinstein, as the game score shows. (469) Reshevsky- Rubinstein Warsaw, February 1 1 , 1 9 1 7 Giuoco Piano [C50] (blindfold) 1.e4 e5 2 . 4) f3 4)c6 3.Ac4 Ac5 4.0-0 4)f6 5.'dc3 d6 6.h3 h6 7.d3 g5 8.4)d5 g4 9.Jdg5 4) xd5 10.exd5 h x g5 l l .d x c6 bxc6 1 2 . h x g4 d5 1 3 . � e 2 �f6 1 4 . Ab3 � h 6 1 5.� x e5+ Ae6 16. � x h8+ � x h8 17.A xg5 1it'd7 18.c3 §gS 19.Ae3 Axg4 20 . .i}.d1 Ah3 2 1 .g3 § xg3+ 2 2 . f x g 3 A x e 3 + 2 3 . § f2 �g7 24.Ag4+ � xg4, 0-1

The following game is from a simul Rubinstein gave in Berlin at the Cafe Kerkau on January 1 9, 1 9 1 8 , shortly before his match with Schlechter. Af­ ter 3 hours and 30 minutes, the result was + 24- 1 =0. Typically, all that seems to have been preserved is the simul giver 's sole loss.

(470) Rubinstein- Preiswerk Berlin (Simul) January 1 9, 1 9 1 8 King 's Gambit [C30] 1 .e4 e5 2.f4 Ac5 3.'df3 d6 4.4)c3 'd c 6 5 . Ab 5 Ag4 6 . h 3 A x f3 7.A xc6+ bxc6 8.� xf3 �h4+ 9.g3 �e7 1 0 . d 3 4) f6 l l . A d 2 'd d7 1 2.0-0-0 0-0 13.f5 Etab8 14.1it'b1 Ad4 15.g4 d5! 16.b3 �a3 17.g5?

The right defense is 1 7 . t'l dfl , followed by �dl . 1 7... 4)c5 18.Ac1 4) xb31 19.cxb3 Et x b3+ 20.a x b3 � x b3+ 2 1 .Ab2 A x c3 2 2 . § h 2 EtbS 2 3 . Etdd2 a5 2 4 . § c 2 d4 2 5 .g6 h x g6 26.fx g6 fxg6 27.§hg2 a4 28. § xg6 A x b2 29 . § x g7+ lit'h8 3 0 . §g8+ � x g8 3 1 . � h 5 + �h7 3 2 . � x e 5 + �g7 33 . � x g7+ lit' x g7 34. § x b 2 §b5 3 5 . 1it' a 2 Et x b 2 + 36.1it' x b 2 c 5 37.1it'a3 c 4 38.1it' xa4 cxd3 39.1it'b3 c5 40.h4 c4+ 41.1it'b2 c3+ 42.1it'c1 d2+ 4 3 . 1it' d 1 lit'f6 44.1it'e 2 lit'e5 45.h5 lit' x e4, 0-1

S h o r t l y after h i s match with Bogoljubow, which was played Janu­ ary 8 to February 1 , 1 920, Rubinstein gave an exhibition in the university town of Lund. There, on February 8, he played 25 boards, scoring 19 wins, 5 draws, and 1 loss in five hours. The day before, he had won an exhibition game against the Swedish player Arthur Hakansson ( 1 889- 1 94 7). The American Chess Bulletin of 1 920 (p.94) published the following account of Rubinste in's simul tour of Holland in late February and M arch of 1 920:

364

Non-Tournament Games 1 920 "Like Dr. Lasker, Akiva Rubinstein has also been touring Holland, but the Rus­ sian champion gave only nine exhibi­ tions in all, preparatory to departing for Gothenburg to train the Swedish play­ ers for the coming Jubilee Congress in celebration of the fortieth anniversary of the Gothenburg Chess Club, open­ ing on July 1 5 ." Lasker 's tour, which lasted from Janu­ ary 3 1 to February 2 1 , took away some of the interest in Rubinstein's exhibi­ tions. Akiva did not do too well in the big cities, but strong performances to­ ward the end of his tour gave him a very good overall percentage of close to 87 percent. Tour of the Netherlands February-April 1 920

(47 1 ) Oskam and Factor - Rubinstein New Rotterdam Chess Club, March 1 , 1 920 Queen's Gambit Declined [D34] l .d4 d5 2./df3 c5

Rubinstein was a principled player. If White doesn 't play 2 . c4, he will play 2 . . . c5 and not 2 . . . e6. 3.c4 e6 4.cxd5 exd5 5./dc3 4)c6 6.g3

Rubinstein plays against the variation that he and Schlechter are credited with inventing. 6 . . . 4) f6 7 . -'1,g2 Jle7 8 . 0-0 0-0 9.dxc5 Jl xc5 10.Ag5 d4 1 1 .-'1,xf6 � xf6 1 2 .4)e4 1 2 .4Jd5 is the modern way to handle this variation. White cedes the bishop pair for play on the light squares.

Scheveningen, February 26, 1 0 (+6,=3 ,- 1 )

1 2 . . . �e7 13.4) xc5 � xc5 14 . .§cl �b6 15.�d3

Rotterdam, March 1 , 3 (+ 1 ,= 1 ,- 1 ) Scheveningen, March 4, 1 0 (+5,=4,- 1 ) Rotterdam, March 1 5 , 28 (+ 1 3 ,=9,-6)

You won 't find this move in any data­ b a s e . 1 5 . � d 2 .ilg4 1 6 . 4J g5 l"!. a d8

Amsterdam, March 1 7, 25 (+ 1 6,=6,-3) The Hague, March 20, 28 (+2 1 ,=5,-2)

1 7 .�f4 .ilhS 18.�h4 .ilg6 1 9 ..ile4 4Je5 20 .4Jxh7 l"!. fe8 2 1 .4Jg5 d3! led to an

Haarlem, March 22, 26 (+2 1 ,=3 ,-2) Nij megen, March 27, 28 (+25 ,=3,-0) Gorinchem, March 29, 22 (+2 1 ,= 1 ,-0) Deventer, April ?, 25 (+24,= 1 ,-0)

equal position in lvkov-Keres, Belgrade 1 970. 1 5 ... � x b2 16.4)g5?!

Enschede, April ?, 26 (+26,=0,-0) 23 1 (+ 1 80, - 1 6, =3 5) 85 %

White can recover the pawn by 16.1"!.c2 �b6 1 7 . 1"!. d2 l"!. d8 1 8 . 1"!. fd l , but with

Rubinstein's final score of 1 88 Y2 in 2 1 8 games was a very respectable 87%.

no chance for an advantage. He should do this anyway, as there is nothing bet­ ter. The text is artificial.

Where the following two games fit into the tour isn't clear. 365

t6 ... g6 t7.Ad5 Af5 t8.�f3

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 5 . j}.f4 .£l ge7 6 . e 3 .£l g6 7 . .£l c 3 .£l xf4 8.exf4 Jl,e7 9.Ad3 b6 10.b4 Af6 1 1 . .£j e 2 .Q.d7 1 2 . a 3 b x c 5 13.bxc5 .£la5 14.a4 0-0 15.h4 tte7 t6 . .£lg3 ftfb8

18 ... ftae8? 18 . . . d3! 1 9.exd3? 09 . .ll. x c6 d2 is much better for Black) 19 . . . .£ld4 wins on the spot.

19.g4 ttd2?1 19 . . . .ll. e 6 2 0 . �h3 h5 2 1 . .ll. x e6 fxe6 22 .gxh5 �b5 23.f4 �f5 allows B lack

to hold. 20.e3? 20 . .Jl. x f7 + § x f7 2 1 . .£l x f7 .ll. x g 4 22.�xg4 'itt x f7 23.§bl would have left

Rubinstein hard-pressed to defend.

17.A x h7+
20 ... dxe3 2 1.fxe3 Et xe3

The exhibition in Scheveningen on M arch 4 lasted 3 Y2 h o urs w i th Rubinstein scoring +6,- 1 ,=3 . The sole winner was de Bruyn, while Oskam, Dr. Fich, and Fonteim drew. Others partici­ p a t i n g were Van G e l d e r, L o m a n , Steffelaar, Dr. Escher, and d 'Aurn erie w i th A l am e d e , Rottev e e l , and en Joosten playing as a team.

Now the tide has turned and B lack is winning easily. 2 2 . ttf2 ft e 2 2 3 . tt h 4 tt d 4 + 24.'lt'hl tt x d5+ 25.§f3 h 5 , 0-1 [Algemeen Handelsblad, April 3 , 1 920]

(472) Factor, Hartung, Oskam ­ Rubinstein New Rotterdam Chess Club, March 1 , 1 920 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D30] l.d4 d5 2 . .£jf3 e6 3.c4 a6 4.c5 .£lc6

366

Recently Master Rubinstein has played two consultation games in Rotterdam against Messieurs C.C.A. Oskam and S . Factor and lost. The second game will fol low below. In addition, there

Non-Tournament Games 1 920 was a game by Rubinstein against Mes­ sieurs Oskam, Factor and Hartong in consultation, which was drawn. Note: some sources give this exhibition as occurring on February 26, as indi­ cated in the American Chess Bulletin.

If not, White plans b3, and the pawn on a5 is in danger. 23.f!c5 �d6 24.g4 g6 25.g5 ct/f7 26.�c3 �e7 27.d5

White breaks through in the center, but h2-h4-h5 and then d5 may be better.

Black would be unable to do anything against this plan.

(473 ) Rubinstein- van Gelder and Loman Scheveningen (Simul) March 4, 1 920 Queen 's Gambit Declined [D64 ]

27 . . . b4 28. �e5 e x d 5 29.A x d5+ ct;e8 30 . .1l,e6, 1-0

Notes by Rubinstein from Nederlandsch-Indische Schaakbond 1 920, pp. 59-60. l .d4 d5 2.4)f3 4)f6 3.c4 e6 4.4)c3

If 4 . .1lg5, then Black can play 4 . . . h6 5.1.th4 dxc4.

4 . . . .1l,e7 5 . Ag5 0-0 6.e3 4) bd7 7.§cl §e8 8.�c2 c6 9.-'td3 dxc4 10.Jl, xc4 b5 l l .Ad3 Ab7

Compare this game with Rubinstein­ Capablanca, St. Petersburg 1 9 1 4. 1 2.0-0 §c8 13.
Here 1 3 . . . h6 is better and saves sev­ eral tempi. 1 4 . 4) e4 4) x e4 15 . .1l, x e7 § x e7 1 6 . .1l, x e4 �d6 1 7.f4 f5 1 8 . Af3 §ec7 19.f!fdl 4)d7 20.§d3 a5

B lack's plan is, by playing 2 1 . . . .£lb6, to stop W h i t e ' s i n i t i a t i v e on the queenside. If White plays !!c3, then . . . .£la4, and the rook has to leave the c­ file. In case of b3, there follows . . . b4 . 2 l .'il xd7 '& x d7 22.§c3 a4

367

Here the game was adj ourned because of the late hour and 30.1.te6 was the sealed move. White has a significant advantage. On 30 . . . !! d8, there follows 3 U ' ! l c4 l"!. d6 32.l"!.d4!!, and B lack cannot capture the bishop by 32 . . . l"!. xe6 because of 3 3 . ifi'h8+ �f7 ( 3 3 . . . ifi'f8 3 4 . l"!. d8 + ) 3 4 . l"!. d8 and w i n s . I f 3 2 . . . l"!. x d 4 , t h e n 3 3 . ifi'h 8 + ifi'f8 34.ifi'xd4, and Black has no defense against the many threats. Upon being shown these lines, van Gelder and Loman resigned without further play. Rotterdam, March 1 5 + 1 3 , =9, -6

The organizers of the exhibition in Rotterdam arranged for Rubinstein to face the same players that Lasker had

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King met a month early in his simul there. Lacking the magical name of the world champion, Rubinstein did not draw as many spectators, but that seems to have been for the best. The locals gave him a rough going over, winning six games and drawing nine out of 28 contested. Losses were to Meyer-Wolfsbergen, S. Pappaport, Oskam, van der Koik, Sanders, and Verveen, with Reyden, Eishout, Visser, Groosjohan, and Snoek (plus four others) drawing. The newspaper account, in De Telegraf of March 1 7, describes Rubinstein's physical appearance. "Like Lasker he is not very tall but there similarities end. Rubinstein has a stout build. He is clean shaven and has a healthy color to his face which combined with his lively eyes makes for a friendly look. He has a full head of dark hair." Another news­ paper account mentions that, when Rubinstein gave an exhibition, he kept his right hand in his trouser pocket the whole simul, while his left went back and forth between his chin and the next piece he had to move.

(474) Rubinstein - E/zas Rotterdam (Simul) March 1 5 , 1 920 King's Indian Four Pawns [E76] 1.d4 c5 2.d5 d6 3.c4 4)f6 4.4)c3 g6 5.e4 Ag7 6.f4 4)bd7 7.4)f3 0-0 8 . .Q.d3 'ifJ/c7 9.0-0 a6 10.a4 4)e8 ll .Ae3 e5 1 2.f5 4)ef6 13.h3 4)h5 14.'ifJ/d2 4)g3 15.E!f2 4)f6 16.4)h2 g x f5 1 7 . e x f5 e4 1 8 . .sl,c2 A x f5 1 9 . 4) f 1 4) fh 5 2 0 . 4) x g 3 4) x g3 2V �lh2 .Q.e5 22 .sl,f4 e3 23.'ifJ/ xe3 .Q. x c 2 24 . .sl, x e5 d x e 5 2 5 . 'ifJ/ x g3+ Ag6 26.4)e4 f5 27.4)g5 f4 28.'ifJ/g4 E!f6 2 9 . 4) e6 'ifJ/e7 3 0 . E! e 1 E! f 5 31.4) xf4 1 - 0 [De Telegraf, March 1 7, 1 920] •

3 68

(475) Rubinstein- Verveen Rotterdam (Simul) March 1 5 , 1 920 Sicilian Dragon [B72] l . e4 c5 2 .d4 c x d4 3 . .£l f3 4) c 6 4.4) xd4 d 6 5 . .£lc3 g6 6.Ae3 Ag7 7 . .sl,e2 4)f6 8.h3 0-0 9.'ifJ/d2 4)d7 10.0-0 4) b6 l l .a4 .sl,e6 12.4) x e6 f x e6 1 3 . a 5 4) c 8 1 4 . a 6 b x a 6 1 5 .Ac4 'ifJ/d7 1 6 . E{ x a 6 4) b4 1 7 . E! a 3 4) b6 1 8 .sl, x b6 a x b6 19. E! x a8 E! x a8 20.f4 E!c8 2 1 .Ab3 A x c3 2 2 . b x c3 4) a 6 2 3 .f5 .£l c 5 2 4 . f x e 6 'ifJ/c6 2 5 . A d 5 4) x e4 26.'ifJ/d3? •

26. �d4 wins.

26 'ifJ/c5+ 27.cit;'h2 4) xc3 28.Ab3 'ifJ/e5+ 2 9 . 'ifJ/g3 'ifJ/ x g3+ 30. cit;' x g3 4) e4+ 3 1 . cit}g4 E!f8 3 2 . E{ a 1 h5+ 33.cit;'h4 cit;'g7 34.g4?, 0-1 [De Telegraf, March 1 7, 1 920] .•.

(476) Rubinstein- Oskam Rotterdam (Simul) March 1 5 , 1 920 Ruy Lopez [C60] 1.e4 e5 2.4)f3 4)c6 3.Ab5 g6 4.c3 .1lg7 5.d4 'ifJ/e7 6.0-0 f6 7.4)bd2 4)h6 8.4)c4 4)f7 9.4)e3 0-0 10.a4 d6 1 1.4)d5 'ifJ/d8 1 2.a5 a6 13.Ac4 Ag4 1 4 . Ae3 f5 1 5 . h 3 A x f3 1 6 . 'ifJ/ x f3 f4 1 7 . A x f4 e x f4 18.'ifJ/xf4 cit}h8 19.'ifJ/d2 4)e7 20.f4 4) xd5 2 1 . J}. x d5 c6 22 . .Q.b3 'ifJ/e7 23.E!ae1 E{ae8 24.g4 'ifJ/h4 25.cit;'g2 E!e7 26.'ifJ/f2 'ifJ/ x f2+ 27.E! xf2 4)d8 28.h4 h 5 2 9 .g 5 d5 3 0 . e 5 4) e 6 3 l . Cit'g 3 E! ef7 3 2 . E! e f 1 cit;' h 7 3 3 . A c 2 c 5 34.f5 g xf5 3 5 . E! x f5 E! x f5 3 6 . J}. x f5 + E! x f5 37 . E{ x f5 cxd4 38.c xd4 4) xd4 39.E!f7 cit;'g6 40 . E{ x b7 J}. x e 5 + 4 1 . �f2 4) e6 42.E!b6?? Ad4+, o-1 [De Telegraf, March 1 7, 1 920]

Non-Tournament Games I 920 Amsterdam, March 1 7 + 1 6, -3, =6

Rubinstein gave a 25-board simui at the Amsterdam Chess C lub on March I 7, I 920. The exhibition, which started at 8 : 3 0 in the evening, dragged on to I a.m., in part because of a break at I 0 p.m. Even at this later hour, nine games were still going and had to be adj udi­ cated, a task that was performed by the Dutch master Max Marchand (histori­ cal Eio 2420) assisted by Schelfhout. M. Lonnenberg, N. Moldauer, and H. Verhoff beat the Polish GM, while I 9year-oid Max Euwe was among those who drew. Others spl itting the point were Reinma, Lohr, Scheifhout, Straat, and J. G. Baay. The newspaper account of the event mentions that Rubinstein gave his game with Euwe special attention. The future world champion defended Rubinstein's Q ueen ' s Gambit w i th a line from B i lguer 's Handbuch , but the Polish

master was ready and after I 5 moves had a winning position. It was only thro ugh s o m e seri o u s errors on Rubinstein's part that Euwe was able to save the game. (4 77) Rubinstein- Scheljhout Amsterdam (Simul) March I 7, I 920 Four Knights [C48] l .e4 e5 2 .£) f3 .£lc6 3 . � c3 .£)f6 4.dlb5 a6 5 . A x c6 d x c6 6 . .£) x e5 .£) xe4 7 .£) x e4 �d4 8.0-0 � xe5 9 .§el Ae6 1 0.d4 �d5 11 .£l g5 0 - 0 - 0 1 2 .£) x e6 f x e6 1 3 . �g4 � x d4 1 4. � x e6 + �d7 1 5 . dlg5 � x e6 1 6 . .§ xe6 .§d5 17 .§e8+
•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Max Euwe (left) and Geza Maroczy (right)

3 69

•

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King to remind the public that he still had a contract with Dr. Lasker and that only World War I had interrupted their plans for a world championship match. Fur­ thermore, he said, while he felt that Lasker and Capablanca were within their rights to play a match for the title, he believed that his record prior to the war was superior to the Cuban 's. He believed that an official body should step in and administer things instead of having public emotion decide the issue. As a compromise he suggested the idea of deciding the title by a triangular match between Lasker, Capablanca, and himself- each playing the two oth­ ers 1 5 times !

(478) Rubinstein- Lonnenberg Amsterdam (Simul) March 1 7, 1 920 King's Gambit [ C30] t.e4 e5 2.f4 Ac5 3.4)f3 d6 4.Ac4 4)f6 5.d3 4)c6 6.4)c3 Ag4 7.h3 Ae6 8 . 4) d 5 A x d5 9 . e x d 5 4) e7 1 0 . f x e5 4) f x d 5 l l .d4 A b 6 1 2.Ag5 �d7 13.�d3 h 6 t4.Ad2 c6 1 5.0-0-0 0-0-0 16.Ab3 Ac7 1 7 . c 4 4) b 6 1 8 . e x d 6 A x d6 19.§hel Ac7 20.Ac2
On the e v e n i n g o f March 2 0 , Rubinstein gave a n exhibition at the Discendo Discimus Chess Club - one of Holland 's oldest and still in active operation today. Akiva lost to G. J . Reeser (assisted b y others) and H . J. Walkate, w h i l e drawing with J . L. B urge l , R . N . B lokbergen, W. van Kooy, A. Mijnlieff and W. van der Vegt. Most interesting was the report, in the March 2 1 De Telegraf, of Rubinstein's talk preceding the exhibition. The nor­ mally reticent Akiva, who could be quite talkative in private but preferred the role of listener in company, clearly had some things on his mind - princi­ pally that he was not being treated fairly with regard to the world championship situation . During this time, a match between Lasker and Capablanca was the topic of much discussion. Rubinstein wanted

Such a tournament, which would have been one of the greatest events in the history of chess, was of course not to be. One can understand Rubinstein's frustration. Having been so close to playing a match for the title, fate now seemed to have taken an intense dis­ like for him. In fact, a simple explana­ tion for his situation could be given in one word: money. Rubinstein, having lost his basis of sup­ port in war-ravaged Europe, had no­ where to go to raise the funds required for a title match. Capablanca did, how­ ever, and this is what induced Lasker to play Capa on the Cuban 's home ground - perhaps the only place in the world, in 1 92 1 , that had the necessary combination of funds and interest. The fact that Lasker, like Rubinstein, was in a difficult financial situation no doubt speeded the negotiations and persuaded the champion to play in a climate that was not optimal for him. Having said all this, we don 't want to leave th e i m pre s s i o n that we fe e l

370

Non- Tournament Games 1 920 Rubinstein was the strongest player in the world in 1 920. Quite the contrary, while we do believe he was Lasker 's equal in 1 9 1 2 - and the still improving Capablanca's superior - the post-World War I Rubinstein was a different player altogether. He was still capable of play­ ing brilliant games but also some re­ ally horrible one s . Capablanca was without question the best player in the world in the early 1 920s. Sti ll, it would have been wonderful to see these three giants square off in a marathon three­ way match.

1 6 . §g5 g6 1 7 . § dg 1 §e7 1 8 .f5 §ae8 19.fx g6 fx g 6 20.h4? 4)e5 2 l . �c.3 ? ? 4) x f3 2 2 . § d 1 �f4+ 2 3 . � b 1 §e1 2 4 . b4 § x d 1 + 2 5 . � b 2 � c l + 2 6 . � b 3 § x d3 27.� xd3

Other sources end with 27.cxd3 4Jd2 +. 27 ... §e3, 0-1

[De Telegraf, Mar. 22, 1 920, p. 1 0] ( 48 1 ) Rubinstein- Sasburg The Hague (Simul) March 20, 1 920

(479) Rubinstein- Burge/ The Hague (Simul) March 20, 1 920 French MacCutcheon [C 1 2] 1 .e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.4)c3 4)f6 4.Ag5 Ab4 5 . e 5 h6 6.Ah4 g 5 7 . Ag3 4) e4 8 . 4) ge 2 4)d7 9 . a 3 A x c3+ 1 0 . 4) x c 3 4) x c3 l l . b x c3 c 5 1 2 .�d2 c 4 13.h4 g4 14.h5 �g5 15.�xg5 h xg5 16.A,e2 f5 17.exf6 4) x f6 1 8 . h 6 �e7 1 9 . Ae5 §h7 20. -'l_ x f6 + � x f6 2 1 . -'l_ x g4 A,d7 2 2 . � d 2 §ah8 2 3 . § h 3 § x h 6 2 4 . § a h 1 § x h3 2 5 . § x h3 § x h3 26.Axh3 Aa4 27.Ag4 b6 28.Ad1 Ae8 2 9 . � e 3 Ag6 3 0 . f4 Ae4 3 1 .g4 Ag6, Draw [De Telegraf, Mar. 22, 1 920, p. 1 0]

(480) Rubinstein- Reeser and Company The Hague (Simul) March 20, 1 920 King's Gambit Falkbeer [C32]

1 .c5 �e6 2.d5+ c x d5 3. �d4 f5 4 .g x f5 g x f5 5.c6 f4? 6 . � c 5 f3 7.�b6 f2 8.c7 fl=Q 9.c8=Q+ �e5?

A better try is 9 . .'�f7 1 0 .';�k 7 + 'i!te8 .

l l .'l:¥xh7 'l:¥f6+ .

1 0 . � c7 + �d4 1 1 . �g7 + � d 3 1 2 . � x h7+ � c 3 1 3 . �g7+ � x b3 14.h7 � x a4 15.h8=Q, 1-0 [De Telegraf, March 2 1 , 1 920] Haarlem, March 22 +2 1 , -2, =3

1.e4 e5 2.f4 d5 3.exd5 e4 4.d3 4)f6 5.d x e4 4) xe4 6.4)f3 Ac5 7.�e2 �e7 8 . Ae3 A, x e3 9 . � x e 3 0 - 0 1 0 . 4) bd 2 § e 8 1 1 . 0 - 0 - 0 Ag4 1 2 . Jl. d3 4) x d 2 1 3 . � x d 2 Jl. x f3 1 4 .g x f3 4) d 7 1 5 . § hg 1 �f6 371

Rubinstein lost to Lintingh and Wij ssen and drew with Groen, O skam, and Schelfhout, while winning 2 1 games. (Some sources give five draws as the final total . )

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King (482) Rubinstein - Scheljhout Haarlem (Simul) March 22, 1 920 Queen's Gambit Tarrasch [034] 1.c4 c5 2.4)f3 4)c6 3.4)c3 e6 4.d4 d5 5.cxd5 exd5 6.g3 4)f6 7 . .\l.g2 .Q. e7 8 . 0 - 0 0 - 0 9 . Ag 5 A e 6 10.dxc5 h6 1 1 . .\l. xf6 .\l.xf6 12.§c1 '{ta5 1 3 . 4) x d 5 .ll. x b 2 1 4 . § b 1 §adS 1 5.e4 .ll. a 3 16. § x b7 4) b4 1 7 . 4) d4 4) x d 5 1 8 . 4) x e 6 f x e6 1 9 . e x d 5 '{t x c 5 2 0 . '{tg4 §f7 2 1 . § x f7 c:/ x f7 22. '{t x e 6 + c:/ f8 2 3 . .1l.e4 § d 6 2 4 . 'lt f 5 + §f6 2 5 . 'lt h7 '{td4 2 6 . .1l.g6 .ll. b4 2 7 . -{t hS + c:/e7 28 . '{t x g7 + c:/d6 2 9 . 'ltb7 A d 2 3 0 . '{t c 6 + c:/e7 3 1 . 'ltc7+ c:/f8 32 . .\l.c2 .ll. e 1 33.-{tcS+?

7.4)a4 0-0 8.4) xc5 dxc5 9.b3 e4 10.4)e1 4)d4 l l .h3 '{td6 12.Ab2 §ad8 13 . .1l.c3 g 5 14.4)c2 h5 1 5.b4 b6 1 6 . b x c 5 b x c 5 17 . 4) e3 .ll. g 6 18.§b1 4)d7 19.d3? exd3 20.exd3 .\l. xd3 2 1 . .Q. x d4 .ll. x b 1 2 2 . '{t x b1 c x d4 2 3 . 4) f5 '{tf6 2 4 .g4 h x g4 2 5 . h x g4 4) e 5 2 6 . '{t d 1 4) x c4 27.'{td3 4)d6 28.f4 4) xf5 29.fxg5 '{t x g 5 3 0. § x f5 'lte3+ 3 1 . '{t x e 3 d x e3 3 2 . .Q. d 5 c 6 3 3 . A b3 §d4 34.g5 c:/g7 35.c:/fl f6 36.c:/e2 §e4 3 7 . § a 5 f x g 5 3 8 . § x a7+ c:/ h 6 39.§c7 g4 40.§ x c6+ c:/g5 41 . .Q.d5 §f2+ 42. c:/d3 e2, 0-1 [De Te/egraf, Mar. 24, 1 920, p. 1 0]

(484) Rubinstein- Ridderhof Haarlem (Simul) March 22, 1 920

R u b i n s t e i n m i s s e s 3 3 . 'i£l'd 8 + �f7 3 4 . Ag6+ , when 34 . . . !::! xg6 3 5 . !::! x e l and 3 4 . . . �xg6 35.'i£l'e8+ �g7 36.'i£l'xel leave White with a very easy win, as the pressure against f2 has dissolved. 33 . . . c:/g7 34. '{td7+ §f7 3 5 . '{te6 Axf2+ 36.c:/g2 §.f6 37.'lte7+ §f7 3 8 . '{te4 '{t x e4 + 39 . .1l. x e4 .ll. b6 40.Af3 §c7 41 .Ah5 §c2+ Draw [De Telegraf, Mar. 24, 1 920, p. 1 0]

It's a little surprising to us that the game was drawn at this point. While White is dropping the a-pawn and his king is far from ideally placed, he is still a pawn up. Under normal circumstances, Rubinstein could be counted on to play until only kings remained. (483) Rubinstein- Wijssen Haarlem (Simul) March 22, 1 920 English [A29]

1. .. 4) d7 2 . .Q.e7 §e8 3 .f6! g x f6 4.4)h4! § x e7 5.4)f5 §e6 6.'{th5 c:/f8 7. §f3 c:/e8 8 . '{t x h7 c:/d8 9.'lt xf7 §e8 10.§h3 c5? 1 1.4)g7, 1-0 [De Telegraf, Mar. 24, 1 920, p. 1 0]

(485) Rubinstein- Groen Haarlem (Simul) March 22, 1 920 King's Gambit [C36] Authors and Weenink { W)

l .c4 e5 2 . 4) c3 4)c6 3 . 4) f3 .ll. c 5 4.g3 4) f6 5 . .1l.g2 d6 6.0-0 .ll. f 5

l . e4 e5 2 . f4 e x f4 3 . 4) f3 4) f6

372

Non-Tournament Games 1 920 4 . .£)c3 d5 5.exd5 .£) xd5 6 . .£) xd5 � xd5 7.d4 .Q.d6 S.c4 �e4+ 9.�f2 0-0 1 0 . .Q. d 3 � c 6 l l . c 5 Jl,e7 12 . .1}. x f4 .Q.g4 1 3 . § e l .Q. x f3 1 4 . � x f3 � x f3 + 1 5 . � x f3 .£) c 6 16.Ae3

B oth 1 6 . d 5 4J d 4 + 1 7 . �g 3 A x e S 1 8 . El ac l Ab6 1 9 .Axc7 and 1 6 . .§ xe7 4Jxe7 1 7 . A x c 7 look pro m i s i n g for White. 16 . . . .1}.f6 1 7 . d 5 .£) e 5 + 1 S . � e 2 §feS 19.�d2?

White should finish his development with 19 . .§ ad l , when 19 . . . 4Jg4 20.'it'f3 4Jxe3 2 1 .El xe3 .§ xe3+ 22 .'it'xe3 .ilxb2 2 3 . d6 Aa3 2 4 . c 6 l e ad s to e q u a l

chances. 19 ... }3adS 20.d6 .£) xd3 2 l . � x d3 cxd6 22.c6 bxc6 23.A x a7 .Q. x b2 2 4 . }3 x e S + § x eS 2 5 . 13 b l .Q. e 5 26.13b7 .Q.xh2 27.a4

The trade o f rooks not only drops the pawn on d6 but also increases the value of White 's a-pawn. Keeping the rooks with 28 . . . d5 looks much better. 2 9 . § bS + § x bS 30 . .Q. x bS .Q.g l 3 1 . .Q. x d6

Now White has e x c e l l ent draw ing chances. 3 l . .. g 5 3 2 . a6 f5 3 3 . �c4 Jl. a 7 34.Jl.c5 Jl,b8 35 . .Q.b6?1 3 5 . Ad6 Aa7 36.Ac5 Ab8 3 7 . Ad6

draws on the spot. If 3 5 . a 7 A x a 7 36.Axa7 'it' f7 37.'it'c5 � e 6 38.'it'xc6 �e5 and B lack is winning.

35 . . . h4 3 6 . �c5 g4 37. � x c6 h3 3S.gxh3 gxh3 39 . .Q.gl?

(W) 39.�b7! h2 40.�xb8 h l � 4 l .a7 with a draw. 39 . . . f4?

(HW) 39 . . . Aa7! 40.Ah2 �f7 4 l .'it'd5 ! (4 1 .'it'b7 Ad4 42 .Ae5! �e6 [ 42. .£i.xe5 43. a 7 h2 wins} 4 3 . Axd4 h2 4 4 . a7 h l �+ 4 5 . 'it'b8 � b l + 4 6 . 'it'c8 � a 2 47.'it>b8 �b3 + 48.'it>c8 � a 4 49.'it'b8 � x d4) 4 1 . . . 'it'g6 ( 4 1 . . . 'it>f6? 42 . .ilf4 draw) 42.'it'c4 (42.Af4 �h5 ; 42.'it'e6 'it'g5 43.'it'e5 'it'g4 44.'it'd5) 42 . . . 'it>g5 43. 'it'd3 'it>g4 ( 43 . . .f4? 44 .�e4) 44. 'it>e2 f4 4 5 . �fl f3 46.Agl Axgl 47.'it'xgl 'it'g3 48.a7 h2+ wins. . .

White 's more active rook and king, and particularly his passed a-pawn offer some compensation. It's j ust hard to believe it's enough for three pawns! 27... h s 28.a5 .§aS?

373

40.�b7 f3 41.�xb8 f2 42 . .Q. x f2 h2 43.a7, Draw [The game was originally annotated by Weenink in Oprechte Haarlemsche Courant 1 920.]

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King ( 486) Rubinstein - Oskam Haarlem (Simul) March 22, 1 920 Caro-Kann [B 1 3]

Nij megen, March 2 7

Rubinstein scored 25 wins, no losses, and three draws, with R .A. Meyer, Dr. Hesselink, and Father Hendriks.

l .e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 cxd5 4.c3 g 6 5 . Af4 4) c 6 6 . 4) f3 .Q.g7 7.4)bd2 Af5 s.�b3 .Q.cs 9.Ad3 4) f6 1 0 . 0-0 0-0 l l . E! fe l 4) h 5 t 2 .Ag5 h6 1 3 . .1l.h4 g5 t4 . .1l.g3 4) xg3 1 5 . h x g3 �d6 1 6 . E! e3 e5 1 7 . d x e 5 4) x e 5 1 8. 4) x e 5 A x e 5 1 9 . 4) f3 .Q. g 7 2 0 . E{ a e l .ll. d 7 21.4)d4 .ll.f6 22.4)f5

Deventer, April 2 ? or 3?

This exhibition, in which Rubinstein played Black on half the boards, was conducted at the Schaakgenootschap Pallas-Units. The report in the 0. W. Zuit Zutphen mentions that the event was played in the evening and most of the players were from Zutphen.

22.Ab l , preparing to bring the queen to c2, is a logical way to exploit the weaknesses created by B lack 's . . . g5 .

(487) Kloosterboer- Rubinstein Deventer (simul), 1 920 Two Knights [C56]

22 ... Axf5 23.Axf5 d4 24.cxd4 .ilxd4 25.E{f3 E{ae8

l .e4 e 5 2 . 4) {3 4)c6 3 .d4 e x d4 4 . .Q.c4 4)f6 5.0--0 4) xe4 6.E{el d5 7 . .il xd5 � xd5 8.4)c3 �a5 9.4) xe4 Ae6 10 . .ilg5?l

This is seldom seen anymore. It was superseded first by 1 0 . 4Jeg5 and later by 1 0 .Ad2 . to ... h6 u.Ah4 g5

26.E{d l ? 26.Ah7+! 'i!th8 27.1'he8 El xe8 28.itl'xf7 (28.Ac2 ! ? planning itl'd3 , while f7 and

ECO's refutation of 1 O .Ag5 is l l . . . Ab4 1 2 . El e2 g 5 1 3 . a3 A e 7 1 4 . b4 itl'd5 1 5 .Ag3 � 1 6.itl'e 1 Rhe8. The text leads to really messy play.

b7 are hanging a l s o l o o k s g o o d . ) 28 . . . itl'e7 29 .Ad3 itl'xf7 30.El xf7 leaves

White with excellent winning chances.

This line was hot theory in the late 1 940s and early 1 950s.

26 . . . E{ d 8 27 . .Q.c2 � b 6 2 8 .g4 � x b3 29.A x b3 f!d7 30.g3 �g7 31.�g2 f6, Draw [Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant, March 24, 1 920]

3 74

13.b4 �f5 1 3 . . . 4J x b 4 1 4 . .ll g 3 d 3 1 5 . c 3 4Jc6 1 6 . .ll x c7 itl'f5 1 7 .4Je4 'lt>d7 1 8 . Ag3

Non-Tournament Games 1 920 .ilc4 1 9 . <£\d 4 ! <£\ x d4 2 0 . c x d4 .ile7 2 1 .<£\c5+ .ilxc5 2 2 . i:! e 5 ! with a small

advantage for W h i t e . T h i s i s o l d analysis by Keres; however, i t was done many years after this game was played ! 14 . .Q.g3?

1 6 . . . � c 5 l o o k s n atura l , b u t after 1 7 . <£\xc6 bxc6 1 8 . .1le5+ 'l!i'xe5 19.i:! xe5 � x e 5 , White seems able to exp loit

Black's vulnerable king before Black can cash in on his large material advan­ tage . F o r examp l e : 2 0 . 'l!i' d 3 ! .ile7 2 l .'l!i'f3 .ild5 22.i:!el + �d6 23 .�a3+ c5 24.�g3+ �d7 2 5 . �d3 wins.

A better try to confuse B lack is 1 4.b5 gxh4 (14 . . . �xb5 1 5 .c4 [ 1 5 .<£\xd4
17.� xc6

unclear by Gligoric in the second edi­ tion of ECO) 1 5 .bxc6 �xf6 1 6 . cxb7 i:! b8 1 7 .<£\e5 ( 1 7.<£\xd4 i:! xb7 18.<£\c6+ �e8 1 9 . i:! xe6+ fx e6 2 0 . � h 5 + �d7 2 1 .<£\e5+ �d8 22.<£\c6+ leads to a draw

by rep e t i t i o n ac cord i n g to Fritz) 1 7 . . . 1:! xb7 1 8.�xd4 Gligoric considers this winning for White in ECO, but it looks like a draw as Black's king can­ not find a safe haven despite the extra material : 1 8 . . . i:!b6 [18 . . . .ilg7 19.�c5+ �d8 2 0 . <£\c6+ �c8 2 1 .<£\xa7+ i:! xa7 2 2 . � x a 7 � x a l 2 3 . i:! x a l .il x a l 24:�a8+ �d7 25 :ifra4+ c 6 26.�a7+ �d6 2 7 . � a 3 + =] 1 9 . i:! a d l �e8 2 0 . �a4+ c6 2 1 . <£\d7 'l!i'b2 2 2 . �xh4 .ilg7 23.<£\e5 §. b8 24.<£\xc6 .1lf6 25:�c4 i:! b7 26.c3 'it?f8 27.1:! xe6 fxe6 28.�xe6 �g7 2 9 . �g 4 + � f7 , draw as i n

Vakulienko-S . Kiselev, Roslavl 1 989. 14 ...
17 . . . � xdl

A matter of taste, as 1 7 ... bxc6 18.�xd5 .ilxd5 19 . .ile5+ 'it?g6 20 . .1lxh8 f6 2 l .a4 .ild6 22 . .ilxf6 'it?xf6 (Kostic-Gruber, Lj ublj ana 1 94 7) is also winning for B lack. 18 . .§axdl

After 1 8 . .ile5 + �g6 1 9 . i:! a x d l .ilg7 2 0 . .ll x g7

'it? x g7

2 1 . <£\ d4

.il x a 2

(Sanguineti-Guimard, Mar d e l Plata 1 954 ), B lack went on to win. 18 . . .
1 5 .<£\xd4 i:! d8 1 6.<£\xf5 §. xdl 1 7 . i:! axdl 'it'xf5 18.b5 <£\b4 1 9 . .ilxc7 .ilg7 is win­

ning for B lack, as his minor pieces are very active.

A pawn down in the ending and facing the inevitable, Kloosterboer gets des­ perate.

1 5 ... � x b5 16.� x d4 � d5

2 1 ... .Q. x f7 2 2 . .§e7 .§hf8 375

Akiba Rubinstein: Uncrowned King 22 . . . gxh4 23 . .ilxh4 .ile8 and 23 . . . .§. hf8 24 . .§.dd7 'it>g6 are easy wins.

23 . .§dd7
Better is 27 . . . .!"l. ae8 28 . .!"l. xb7 .§. f7 with every chance to win, though some tech­ nique is still required. 28.Ae51 Axe5?1

23 . . . gxh4 does the job again, as 24.Af4 means that that tricks with h5+ are no longer available. If 23 . . . �g6? 24.h5 + .

2 4 . h x g 5 h x g 5 2 5 .§ x c7 Jl f 6 2 6. .§ed7 .11, e6 27 .§d6 .11, xa2? •

28 . . . .§.f7 29 . .!"l. xf6 .§. xc7 30 . ..txc7 .!"l. c8 3 1 . ..tg3 .!"l. xc2 32 . .!"l. g6+ 'it>f7 33 . .!"l. xg5

allows White to recover his material, but B lack should still have some ad­ vantage due to his better-placed king.

•

29 . .§g6+, Draw

[Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant, April 3 , 1 920] Rubinstein gave one of his biggest ex­ hibitions in October 1 920 in the Swed­ i s h town of Tro l l hatten ( n orth o f Gothenburg). There, facing 46 players repre s e n t i n g the B ohus-Dal­ Vastergotland Chess Association, he scored 36 wins, 9 draws and one loss.

3 76

Addendum (48 8) Rubinstein - Spielmann Ostende - 3rd Stage, 1 906

uncovered the material in the archives of Rolf Littorin, remarks that Dagens Tidning must be quite scarce, since it's noted in the Swedish Royal Library's database that they do not have a com­ plete run of it. Stockholm Handicap Tournament 1 9 1 9-1 920

Unfortunately, this is seemingly all that has survived for this game, which is given on page 3 3 7 of Ostende 1 906 by Tony Gillam. There he quotes Hoffer: "A well played ending on the part of Rubinste i n . Spielmann, trusting i n Bishops of opposite color for a draw, brought about the ending as quickly as possible. But Rubinstein won, in spite of this fact, his position being superior. It was a laborious process to win, but w a s c l e v e r l y a c c o m p l i s h e d by Rubinste i n . " We would add that it would be most interesting to see the winning plan. If White 's bishop leaves h5 and tries to transfer to c4 B lack will be ready with . . . E! e8-e7 . The bishop appears to be able to defend f6 at all times. The direct plan of g4 , h4, g5 and g6 is met by trading on g5 and meeting g6 with . . . 'it'h6. It would seem that White needs a more subtle plan . 1-0 The following games and other infor­ mation come from Ernst Jacobsson 's column in the Dagens Tidning, a short lived daily newspaper publi shed in Stockholm from December 1 , 1 9 1 9 to March 1 0, 1 922 . Peter Holmgren, who

Dagens Tidning contains reports about the handicap tournament from Decem­ ber 29'h to January 9'h. Included in them were Rubinstein's individual results. Round 1 : AR draw against Nyholm, adj ourned with Jacobson (result never reported but appears to be a draw). Round 2: win against Spielmann. Round 3 : AR beat the group A. Olson, Dahl, Svanberg. Round 4: AR lost to Bogoljubow. Round 5 : AR won aga i nst A l mer, Ekebom, Hult and Rosengren. Round 6: AR won against L. Collijn and K. Olsson. Round 7: AR won against SOdermark. The game against Johansson was not finished. Unfinished games were ad­ j udicated. (489) Rubinstein - Rosengren Stockholm (Handicap) 1 9 1 9/20 Caro-Kann [B 1 3] l . e4 c6 2 . d4 d 5 3 . e x d 5 c x d 5 4 . .1l,d3

When Rubinstein opened with l . e4, and his opponent played the Caro­ Kann, this treatment, with 4 . .ild3 or 4 . c3 , was his favorite. He used it on at

Addendum least four occasions including game #486 and tournament victories over Davidson (The Hague 1 92 1 ) and Watts (Southport 1 924).

Rosengren correctly avoids the trade of queens, where the resulting weakness on a7 and awkwardness of the rook on h5 would soon be felt. One possible line : 3 1 . . . "itrxb5 32.axb5 <£\d7 33 . .§ a l

4 ... 4)f6 5.c3 Ag4

.§ c 7 3 4 . .§ e e l <£lf6 3 5 . <£\ x f6 + g x f6 36 . .§ a6 g5 37.hxg5 fxg5 38 . .§ eal gxf4 39.gxf4 .§ h4 40 . .§ xa7 .§ xa7 4 l . .§ xa7 .§ xf4 42 . .§ a6 winning .

5 . . . <£\c6 6 ..M4 Ag4 7."itrb3 <£\aS 8."itra4+ .lld7 9."itrc2 e6 1 0 . <£lf3 'ltrb6 l l .a4! was

Fischer 's star novelty, which brought the Exchange variation into promi­ nence, and the future World Champion a terrific victory over Tigran Petrosian in the opening round of the USSR ver­ sus the World match in 1 970. 6.�b3 �c7 7.f3 Ah5 8.4)e2 -'i,g6 9 . Af4 � d 7 1 0 . -'i, x g6 h x g6 1 1 .4)d2 4)c6 1 2.0-0 e6 13. §fe1 .fla5 14.�c2 Ad6 15.-flfl -'i, x f4 16.4) xf4 §h6?!

32 . .fle5 a6 33.�d3 §h6 34.�g2 a5 35.g4 § x h4? 35 . . . <£\d7 had to be played, though Rubinstein is clearly better. Why? Be­ cause White has c l ear play on the kingside, while B lack has steadfastly avoided launching a minority attack with . . . b5-b4 the entire game, and has no c o rre s p o n d i n g p l ay on the queenside.

This is an overreaction to the possibil­ ity of
The lines are clearly drawn by the pawn structure, which resembles the Ex­ change variation of the Queen 's Gam­ bit D e c l i ned with co lors reversed. White 's play is on the kingside, utiliz­ ing the outpost on e5, while B lack's in­ volves a minority attack with . . . b5-b4 hence the preventive text.

-

18 . . . �c7 1 9 . §e2 �e7 2 0 . § ae 1 § a h 8 2 l .g3 §c8 2 2 . �b3 �f8 23 . .flc5 b6 24 . .fld3 �g8 25 . .fle3 §d8 2 6 . 4) f2 �e7 27.�b5 �d7 2 8 . 4) fg4 .fl x g4 2 9 . -fl x g4 § h 5 30.f4 .flb8 3 1.h4 �d6

378

37 . . . .§ h8 38.<£\xf7 'it'xf7 39 . .§ xe6 itrxe6 (39 . . . "itrd7 4 0 . "itr x g6+ 'it>f8 4 l . .§ l e 5 .§ h l 42."itrf5 + 'it'g8 43 . .§ xd5 winning.) 40 . .§ x e 6 'it' x e 6 4 1 . "itr x g6 + 'it>d7 42 ."itrxg7+ 'it'c6 43 .'{;}-f6+ 'it'b7 44."itrf7+ 'it'c6 4 5 . "itre6+ 'it'b7 4 6 . "itr x d 5 + and

White 's armada of pawns will prove unstoppable. 38.4) x f7! � x f7 39.§ x e6 § x g5+

Addendum 4 0 . \t'f3 Et h8 4 1 . E{ x d 6 Et h 3 + 42. \t'f2, 1-0 [Source: scoresheet from Littorin archive]

1 S . �e4 � x e 4 1 6 . '{;j' x e 4 � x e S and

White is probably lost already. 10 4) xd4 1 1.'� xd4 'it!Jc7 12.E{c1 4)g4 13. 'it!Jf4 'it!Jd8 .•.

One of the practices of the past that appears to have been lost is the tradi­ tion of consultation games. Typically they involved a strong master partnered with a weak-playing patron on each side of the board, but the following game is something quite different - two great players aside and all four Swedes strong amateurs.

Retreating to the home rank looks a little odd, but Black wants to keep the white queen as a target. A strong alter­ native was 1 3 . . . '{;j'xf4 1 4 . 4J xf4 �gS 1 S .g3 �fS 1 6 . 4Je3 d4 1 7 . 4JedS 4::\e S

and the threat of . . . �e4 is annoying. 14.4)d2 'it!Ja5?1

This, and Black's next move, leads to some interesting complications, but simpler was 14 . . . �gS 1 S .'{;j'd4 ( 1 S .'{;j'b4

(490) Reti , Spielmann, Nyholm and E. Olson - Rubinstein, Bogoljubow, G. and L. Collijn Stockholm (consultation game) December 1 8, 1 9 1 9 Caro-Kann Panov-Botvinnik [B l 3]

'{;j'f6 1 6 . f4 aS 1 7 . '{;j'a4 '{;j'xb2 1 8.4Jb3 �e7 with a material and positional ad­ vantage.) 1 S . . . i,k7 16.g3 Af6 1 7.'{;j'b4 '{;j'eS and the white king looks vulner­

able. 1 .e4 d5 2.exd5 4)f6 3.c4 c6 4.d4 cxd5 5.c5 e5 6.j},e3

15.4)d4

White has tried several other moves here i n c luding, 6 . d x e S , 6 . 4Jf3 and 6.4Je3, but none are likely to trouble B lack. What mistake was made in the first four moves to justify S .eS? 6 ...exd4 7.Jl,xd4 4)c6 8.Ab5 Ae7 9.4)e2?1 9 . 4Jf3 0-0 1 0 . .ll x e6 bxe6 1 1 . 0-0 was probably White 's best chance to keep his disadvantage to a minimum.

15 g51? 16.4) 2b3 'it!J xb5 17.'ifJxg4 'it!J xb3 18.'it!Jxc8 'it!J x b2 19.'ifJc7?1 •.•

9 ... 0-0 10.0-0

1 9 . '{;j'g4 fi. ae8 20.fi.ab l .§. xeS 2 1 . fi. e l '{;j' x a 2 2 2 . fi. a l '{;j'b2 23.fi.ab l looks like

Castling was obligatory. Grabbing a pawn by 1 0 . 4Jbe3 4:lxd4 1 l .'{;j'xd4 '{;j'e7 1 2 .4::\ x dS 4::\ x dS 1 3 .'{;j'xdS is asking for b i g troub l e : 1 3 . . . .§ d8 1 4 . '{;j'b3 .ll e 6

a draw as neither side can safely vary.

3 79

19 . . . .Q.f6 20.4)f5 E{ae8 2 1 . E{ab1 'it!J x a2

Addendum 2 l . . .'�e5 2 2 . �xe5 .§ xe5 23 .
even with three pawns for the piece, but, more importantly, the white king is exposed. For example, after 3 1 . �c5, either 3 l . . .�f4 or 3 l . . . .§e2 with excel­ lent winning chances.

what B lack wants. 22:� xb7 13e2 23:�b3 �d2 23 . . . .§ xf2 24.�xa2 .§ xa2 25 .c6 and the

c-pawn is too strong. 24.c6 13fe8

On 28.�f3, Fritz shows the nice varia­ t i o n 28 . . . .£ld4 + 2 9 .
Also to be considered was 24 . . . .§ xf2

30.�hl � e 5 3 l . �g3 �e4+ 3 2 .�gl .§ c8 3 3 . .§ b8 .§ g 2 + 3 4 . � x g 2 �e3+ 3 5 .�f2 �xcl + 36.�g2 �xc7 winning.

2 5 . �h3 .£ld4 2 6 . � h l Ab2 2 7 . .§ d l �c2 and White has trouble supporting

his c-pawn or generating an attack. 28

••.

132 xe5 29.c8� 13el +

25.g4

Again, 29 . . . h5! looks like the right way to continue.

25 . .§ fl looks much better; for example, 25 . . . �f4 26.
3 0 . 13 x e l 13 x c8 3 1 . .£l e7 + 'it>g7 3 2 . .£j x c8 �d4+ 3 3 . 'ifl h l � x g4 34 . .£j xa7 �f3+, Draw [Dagens Tidning February 1 0, 1 920]

ering the pawn. 25 ... 13 xf2 26.�g3 13fe2 27.c7

27 . . . Ae5

It was also possible to throw in a check, before playing . . . .£le5, to force the king to h i . 27 . . . Ad4 + 2 8 . � h l A e 5 29.�xe5 .§ 2xe5 30.c8=� and now not 30 . . . .§ e l + winning the queen for two rooks and a knight, but 30 . . . h 5 ! , which creates luft, while at the same time threatening to undermine the position of the knight. Material is temporarily

"Rubinstein beaten ... " was the headline of a paragraph published on February 1 1 , 1 920 in the Dagens Tidning. It says: " R u b i n s te i n , c u rren t l y stay i n g i n Malmo, was on Sunday beaten i n a Ruy Lopez by the Malmo player Owesson. Rubinstein has also visited Lund, where he defeated one of our master players A. Hakansson of Kristianstad, and also in a simul against 25 players from M a l m o , L u n d , Tra l l e b o rg and Halsingborg won 19 games, drew 5 and lost 1 ." There is some confusion with the dates of the simul. It appears it might have been played on February 7, the same date as the exhibition game with Hakansson. Arthur Hakansson was a Swedish mas­ ter, who played two short matches with Nimzovitch (in 1 922) and also played

3 80

Addendum GustafNyholm for the Swedish Cham­ pionship in 1 9 1 9, drawing the match 2 Y2-2Y2 (Nyholm retained the title).

1 9 . f\ e l ite6 and play has transposed into the line given after 1 5 . . . 4Jxd5 .

16.axb5 axb5 17.�b3

(49 1 ) Hakansson - Rubinstein Lund (exhibition game) February 7, 1 920 Queen 's Gambit Accepted [D27]

1 7 . 'ii¥ e 2 exd5 ( 1 7 . . . 4Jxd5?? 1 8 . f\ xd5) 1 8 . �xf6 Axf6 1 9 . f\ xd5 �e8 20.4Je4 Ab7 2 1 .4Jxf6+ gxf6 and after the ex­

1.d4 d5 2.4)f3 c5 3.c4 dxc4 4.e3 4) f6 5.-'\.xc4 a6 6.a4 e6 7.0-0 4)c6 8 . .£lc3 cxd4 9.exd4 4)b4 10.Ag5 Ae7 1 1 . �b3 4)c6

change of queens and a trade on f3 a draw is inevitable. 1 8 . A x e7 � x e7 17 . . . 4) x d 5 1 9 . .£l x d 5 e x d 5 2 0 . � x d 5 Ag4 2 1.h3 E!ad8 22.� xb5

Necessary as 1 1 . . . 0-0 1 2 . Axf6 gxf6 1 3 .d5 would be ugly. The loss of time entailed by the text is compensated by the threat of . . . 4Ja5 .

2 2 . 'ii¥ b 3 was, of course, safer with a draw in the offing.

1 2 . E! a d 1 .£l a 5 1 3 . � a 2 4) x c4 14. � x c4 0-0 1 5.d5

22 ... j}, x f3 23. E! x d8 E! x d8 24.gxf3 h 6 2 5 . E! c 1 �f6 2 6 . \flg 2 E! d 2 27.�e8+

White forgets about u s i n g h i s rook actively. He could have forced a draw after 27.f\c8+ �h7 28.f\c6 'ii¥f4 29.f\ c4 f\ xb2 (29 . . . 'ii¥f6 30.b4) 30.f\ xf4 f\ xb5 3 1 . f\ xf7. There was also nothing wrong with 27.f\c6 with 27 . . . f\ xb2 28.f\ xf6 f\ xb5 again drawing.

27 ... \flh7 28.�e4+ g6 29.b4 1 5 . . . b5!

Well-played ! Rubinstein, who was a great master of isolated queen pawn positions, understands that capturing on d5 allows White to realize his lead in development: 15 . . . 4Jxd5 16.4Jxd5 exd5 1 7 . f\ xd5 'ii¥e 8 1 8 . f\ e l Ae6 1 9 .itxe7 tf1xe7 20.t:Je4 f\ ad8 2 1 . f\ e 5 and the threats of 4Jd4 and 4Jg5 give White a clear advantage . ; 1 S . . . exd5 1 6 . 4Jxd5 4Jxd5 1 7 . E! xd5 t:Je8 1 8 .itxe7 tf1xe7 381

29.f\c2 f\ d4 30. 'ii¥e 3 looks better. The advance of the b-pawn should only be undertaken when White 's pieces are on good squares. From e3 the queen not only attacks the rook but protects f3 and watches the critical g5-square.

29 ... E!d4 30.�el?! 30.t:Je3 was much more careful.

30 ... �g5+ 3Vlt'fl ?

Addendum 3 l .'it'h2 �f4+ 32.'it'g2 § xb4 33.�e3

had to be played, but having captured the b-pawn B lack would now torture White for many moves. 3l ... t?/f5 32.t?/c3

White wisely rej ects 1 5 . �c6+ �d7 16.�xa6 �d5 ! threatening . . . § a8. Af­ ter 1 7 . �a 5 � x e S 1 8 . -bf3 �d5, the queen is protected here, which takes the sting out of a4. 19.Ae3 White is un­ able to develop an initiative before B l ack g e t s c a s t l e d . F o r examp l e :

If32.'it'g2, Black wins by gradually im­ prov ing the position of h i s heavy pieces : 32 ... § h4 33.�hl § xb4 34.�fl

1 9 . . . Ae7 20.a4 bxa4 2 1 .�xa4+ �d7 22.�xd7+ § xd7 23.-beS § d5 24.§a8+ Ad8 and the game is heading for a

§ h 4 3 5 . �h l � g 5 + 3 6 . 'it'h 2 �f4 + 3 7 . 'it'g2 § h 5 3 8 . � d l �f5 3 9 . � h l

draw.

§g5+ wining the rook.

t 5 . . . Ab4!

32 ... f!d3 33.t?/c6 E! x f3, 0-1 [Dagens Tidning February 20, 1 920]

(492) Owesson- Rubinstein Malmoe, 1 920 Ruy Lopez [C80] It's not clear under what conditions the following game, recently discovered by Peter Holmgren, was played. It looks to be "one on one." It first appeared in Nya Dagligt Allehanda, a Swedish pa­ per no longer published, whose editor was the w e l l -known prob l e m i s t Herman Jonsson. Birger Owesson, later the same year, became champion of Skfme, the most southern Swedish "county." A little more than a month prior to the encounter with Rubinstein, the Swedish amateur played an indi­ vidual game with Lasker on January 3rd and drew. Not a bad result against the reigning world champion and one of his challengers ! l . e4 e 5 2 . � f3 � c 6 3 . Ab 5 a6 4.Aa4 �f6 5.0-0 � xe4 6.d4 b5 7.Ab3 d5 8.d x e 5 Ae6 9 . � bd 2 � c 5 1 0 .c 3 d4 l l . A x e6 � x e6 1 2.cx d4 � c x d4 n .� xd4 t?/ x d4 14.t?/f3 E!d8 15.a4

3 82

1 5 . . . �d5?! was played in the famous Capablanca-Lasker game from St. Pe­ tersburg 1 9 1 4, which ended in the well­ known ending with bishop and knight versus rook, and three pawns apiece on the kingside. The text is a clear im­ provement, which doesn 't appear to have been played in a tournament game until 1 980, when the Italian master An­ tonio Rosino first used it. Since then it has been tested in Luther - Haba, Bundesliga 1 993, and Van den Doe! Gyimesi, Zagan 1 997, with satisfactory play for Black.

The move 1 5 . . . Ab4 is first given in the Liirobok I Schack (Stockholm 1 92 1 ) by G u staf and L u d v i g C o l l ij n w i t h Rubinstein, Spielmann and Reti. The introduction to the book says that

Addendum 26 . . . Aa5?

Rubinstein took special care of the closed openings. Spielmann reviewed the whole book, particularly the open games, except the King's Gambit, which was Reti 's alone. Also N i mzovitch made one significant contribution. It seems to be a reasonable assumption that Rubinstein was involved with the Open Spanish, one of his specialties.

chances.

t6.�c6+

Rubinstein is still playing for a win. He could have easily drawn with 29 . . . e4

26 . . .4Je7! 27.fib7 4JdS 28.fi xbS 4Jxe3+ 29.fxe3 fi xb2+ offers good winning

27 .§ x b 5 Ab4 2 8 . � d 2 .§ x b 2 29.�e4 (29.4Je4) 2 9 ... .§a2?1 •

30.�d2 �a3 .

16.4Jb3 �e4 is given in the Liirobok.

1 7 .�xa6? �xd2 18.fidl 4JeS 19.�a7 4Jb3 and B lack wins a piece (Liirobok).

17 . . . .§ x d7 1 8 . � f3 0-0 1 9 .Ae3 .§fd8 19 . . . bxa4 20.fi xa4 aS was another plan.

20.g3 h6 2l . .§fcl c5 22.ax b5 ax b5 23 .§a6 .§dl + •

30.AxeS �xeS 3 1 .4JxeS 4JxeS 32.fi xe5

leads to a rook and four vs. rook and three pawn ending that Rubinstein would have drawn in his sleep. 30 ... �h7 31.�d6 �g6 (3 l . . .fi a7?? 3 2 . fi xb4) 3 2 . .§b7 Ac3?1 ( 3 2 . . . f6) 33.� xf7 �f5 34 . .§b5 �e4? 34 . . . 'it'g6 3S .4Jd6 �xeS and B lack is

still drawing. 23 . . . e4 looks more natural with Black having the better chances.

35 . .§b6! 3 S .AxeS � x e S (3S . . . 4JxeS 36. fi xeS fi x f2 + (36 . . . �d4 3 7 . 4J d 6 + 'it'd3 38.fidS fi xf2+ 39.'it'h3) 37.'it'xf2 Ad4+ 38.'it>e2 AxeS draws.) 36.4JxeS 'it>xeS 3 7 . A e 3 + 'it>e4 and B l ack has good

24 . .§ xdl .§ xdl+ 25.�g2 .§bl

Again, 2S . . . e4 was quite strong. 26 . .§b6

chances to resist. 35 . . . �d4? 3S . . . Ad4 was the last chance for a

draw. 36.e6 .§ a 7 3 7 . � d 6 + �d3 38 . A x d4 A x d4 39 . .§ b 3 + � d 2 4 0. .§b7 .§ x b7 41.� xb7 1--0 [Nya Dagligt A llehanda, Apri l 20, 1 920]

383

Addendum The next entry about Rubinstein's birth­ day that I know of is on page I 0 of the tournament book San Sebastian 1 912, written by Mieses & Lewitt. There is another irritational date: not the 1 2th, but the 1 6th of October ( 1 6.X. l 882).

Additional Notes Page 1 2

The question of where Rubinstein was born is not at issue, but exactly when is still somewhat unclear. We use the date of October 1 2, 1 882, as given by Jeremy Gaige, who converted it from the Julian Calendar (then in use in Poland) to the Gregorian calendar we use today - an adjustment of 1 3 days (September 30). One would think that might be the end of the matter, but, as the noted Rubinstein expert Toni Preziuso o f Switzerland indicates, there are sti ll some loose ends, which he summarizes: The September/October dates probably stem from the Russian tournament book of S t . P etersburg 1 9 0 6 , where " 3 0 Sentjabr ( September) 1 882 is given. Later, Razuvaev, in his Rubinstein book, used this date, taking the St. Petersburg book as his source. But, note he wrote "30 Sentjabija 1 882," at a time when the Soviet Union did not have the Gregorian calendar but used the Julian. Was this a conscious decision or just an error? Another irritation comes from the entry in Deutsche Schachzeitung no. 1 / 1 908, where there is a biographical note about Rub i n s t e i n "nach s e i nen e i genen schriftlichen angaben" (which means: taken from his own written informa­ t i o n ) . There the birthday g i v e n i s " 1 7 . IX. 1 8 82" (this means 1 3 days in advance). My own hypothesis: the edi­ tors of the D.S. Z. received "30.9. 1 882," written by Rubinstein and they incor­ rectly converted the Gregorian/Julian calendar with minus 1 3 days (instead of plus 1 3 days).

Mr. Bachmann writes in the tournament book for Teplitz-Schonau 1 922 (page 605) that Rubinstein's birthday is 1 2. October ( 1 2.X. 1 882), which agrees with the first Russian source. Then c o m e s the fam o u s book by Kmoch, Rubinstein Gewinn!t ( 1 933), where Mr. Hannak writes: 12. December 1 882 ( 1 2.XII . 1 882). All later sources seems to have taken the December date from Hannak. Is he responsible for all the confusion? The later books published in Poland also differ. Korcz and Pytel give different birthdays, and Wolsza ( 1 999) gives the two dates as possible birthdays. The article from the website about Jews who l iv e d in Lodz (http : //www. l o d z jews.corn/us/ l r.htm) could b e just fol­ lowing Hannak, because I guess that in Poland it would be impossible to find documents about Rubinstein's birth. Mr. Lissowski told me some months ago that he tried to find something, but it seems all was lost "to the fire." World War II has probably canceled a l l (Jewish) sources. Naturally the original birthday 1 2 .X. (=30.IX. Gregorian) is the first to ap­ pear in the sources, and there are rea­ sons to believe that this is correct. But who can know ifHannak - who has pro­ duced some irritation by his "lyrical" written introduction - is right in this one instance (Rub instein's birthday)?

3 84

Addendum Pages 1 2-1 8

For more additional biographical mate­ rial on Rubinstein's early years, see also pages 290-292 in Akiba Rubinstein: The Latter Years (Seattle 1 995). Page 16

The chess column in the Neue Lodzer Zeitung began in November 1 902, and there is a report in that paper of the meeting that resulted in the formation of the club in late February 1 903 . There is no evidence to believe (or disbelieve) that Rubinstein had anything to do with the formation of the club. The 1 903 match was for the champion­ ship of Lodz and a place at Kiev, and because they drew, both were given a spot. Rubinstein had clearly been in Lodz long enough, and been playing enough (successfully), for there to have been some doubt as to whether he or Salwe was the best player, hence the match. H i s brief biography in the St. Petersburg 1 906 tournament book, says he went to Lodz in 1 903 and played many free games versus Salwe. One might assume that is how he established his reputation.

g a m e Marshal l - B um ( P ar i s 1 900), where Burn lost after l l ...Re8?. Some rounds later, at Paris 1 900, the varia­ tion was again played in Marshall­ Marco. Marco tried l l ... c5 1 2 .hxg6 hxg6 (later he found that 12 ... fxg6 ! was the proper move). Marco recommended the move l l . . .Nd7. Page 73

In reference to the game Rubinstein­ Bernstein, we write correctly that in ECO the game is given as a variation by Kasparov up to 14.�e5, with no ref­ erence to the players. It should be men­ tioned that, in the final edition of B ilguer 's Handbuch, Karl Schlechter does mention his two colleagues and gives their game up until 14.�e5, as­ sessing the position as advantageous for White. Game no. 367 (on page 287) Freiman-Rubinstein, Vilna 1 9 1 2

There is another version of this game featuring several repetitions of moves in Vilnius 1 9 1 2 published by Tony Gillam.

Page 1 8

There are some unresolved issues re­ garding the game between Rubinstein and B artoszkiewicz. The gamescore dates back to works on the Lodz Chess Club, but page 38 of Jeugdpartijen van Beroemde Mees ters by S . P o stma (Venlo, 1 9 84) states the game was played by correspondence in 1 897. Pages 63-64

They start with White 's 2 8th move : 28:�d5+ (instead of the immediate

In the game Swiderski-Rubinstein, the same variation was seen in the famous

2 8 . �g 5 ) 28 . . . 'iti'h8 2 9 . i>H5 'iti'g8 30:�d5+ �h8 3 l .�f5 'ifi'g8 and then

385

Addendum 32.-'tgS .§. e8 33.d5 .§.f7 34:i!j•g4 .§. g7 35 .�f5 .§.f7 36.'i'!'l'h3 .§. ef8 37.�e6 �h8 38.Ah4 1 -0. Since the time control at

that time was mostly at move 30 this seems plausible. Also note that some sources have the opening moves l .f4 e6 2 .<£\f3 fS 3.e4 and not l .f4 fS 2 .
I n the original tournament booklet, pub­ l i s h e d by B . Kagan, about the "Viermeistertumier" in Berlin 1 9 1 8, the game ends at move 93 (and not 9 1 ).

386

The difference appears to be that in the tournament book, instead of 60.�a4, the players first played 60 . .§. c3 �bS 6l ..§.d3 �c6? (better 61 . . .a4 ) 62.�a4 and then 62 . . . .§.e2 etc. =

Bibliography Two books, Pierwyj almanach Lodzinskogo obszczestwa liubitielej szachmatnoj igry, edited by D . Dan iuszewski and A. Mundt, and Ksiega Jub ileuszowa Lodzkiego Towarzystwa Zwolennikow Gry Szachowej 1 903- 1 938, edited by D. Daniuszewski, were invaluable in covering Rubinstein's early career in Lodz. Many of A.R. 's results and games would be lost if not for these two works. Space limitations have forced us to confine ourselves to only a partial listing of sources. The following proved to be the most helpful of the many books and periodicals consulted. Rubinstein Game Collections

Baca-Arus, J. and Lopez, J. R.: Rubinstein (Havana, 1 922) Ganzo, J . : La Partida De Ajedrez (Rubinstein) (Madrid, 1 988) Glattman, V. : Akiba Rubinstein 's Chess Academy (Moscow, 1 993) Kmoch, H.: Rubinstein Gewinnt! (Vienna, 1 933) Kmoch, H.: Rubinstein 's Chess Masterpieces (New York, 1 94 1 ) Korcz, W. : Akiba Rubinstein (Warsaw, 1 989) Pytel, K. : Akiba Rubinstein (Warsaw, 1 987) Razuvaev, Y. and Murakhveri, V. I . : Akiba Rubinstein (Moscow, 1 980) Wenz, H . : Akiba Rubinstein. Ein Leben fur das Schach (Berlin, 1 966) Other Game Collections

Kasparov, G.: My Great Predecessors, Part 1 (London 2003) Lissowski, T. and Czaruszyn, V. : Daniuszawski: Niezany Rywal A lechina (War­ saw 1 999) Marin, M . : Learnfrom the Legends - Chess Champions at Their Best (Gothenburg 2004) General Reference

Elo, A . : The Rating of Chess Players, Past and Present (New York, 1 978) Gaige, J.: Chess Personalia: A Biobibliography (Jefferson, N.C., 1 987) Gaige, J.: Chess Tournament Cross tables Vol. I (1 851-1 900) (Philadelphia, 1 969) Gaige, J . : Chess Tournament Crosstables Vol. II (1 901 - 1 0) (Philadelphia, 1 97 1 ) Gaige, J . : Chess Tournament Crosstables Vol. III (1 911-20) (Philadelphia, 1 972) Gaige, J . : Chess Tournament Crosstables Vol. IV (1 921-30) (Philadelphia, 1 974) Golombek, H . : The Encyclopaedia of Chess (New York, 1 970) Hooper, D. and Whyld, K. : The Oxford Companion to Chess (Oxford, 1 987) Karpov, A.: Shakhmaty Encyclopedia Slovar (Moscow, 1 990) Litmanowicz, W. and Gizycki, J . : Szachy od A do Z Vol. I (A-M) (Warsaw, 1 986) Litmanowicz, W. and Gizycki, J. : Szachy od A do Z Vol. II (N-Z) (Warsaw, 1 987) Sunnucks, Anne: The Encyclopedia of Chess (New York 1 970)

387

Vesely, J., Kalendovsky, J. and Formanek, A. B . : Mala encyklopedie sachu (Prague, 1 989) Wolsza,T. : A rcym istrzowie, m istrzowie, amatorzy - Slownik biograficzny szachist6w polskich vol. 3 (Warsaw 1 999) Periodicals

American Chess Bulletin British Chess Magazine Chess Notes Chess Review Chess Life Chess Life and Review Deutsche Schachzeitung Inside Chess Lasker s Chess Magazine Schachmatnoe Obozrenie Shakhmatny Byuletin Szachista Polski Tidskrift for Schack Wiener Schachzeitung Tournament Books

Anderson, M . : Goteborgs Schacksallkapajubleumstureringar (Gothenburg 1 92 1 ) Chigorin, M . : Kiev 1 903 (Moscow 1 904) Kautsky, V V: Partie mezinrodnich turnaju sachovych v Praze 1 908 (Prague 1 909) Lasker, Em. : The International Chess Congress, St. Petersburg 1 909 (New York 1 9 1 0) Marco,G and Schlechter, C. Das internationale Schachmeisterturnier in Karls bad 1907 (Vienna 1 908) Marco, G.: Das II. Internationale Schachmeisterturnier in Ostende (Wien 1 907) Marco, G.: Internationales Schachturnier Vienna 1 908 (Vienna 1 908) Mieses, J . and Lewitt, M . : Internationales Schachturnier zu San Sebastian (Berlin 1 9 1 1 ) Mieses, J . and Lewitt, M . : II. Internationales Schachturnier zu San Sebastian 1912 (Berlin 1 9 1 2) Tarrasch, S . : St. Petersburg 1914 (Yorklyn, DE 1 993) Vidmar, M.: Karlsbad 1911, 2 vols. (Potsdam 1 9 1 2) von Bardeleben, C . : Das Schachturnier zu Ostende 1 906 (Gross-Lichterfelde 1 906) Znosko-Borovsky, E.: St. Petersburg 1 906 (St. Petersburg 1 907)

3 88

Players Index (refers to game numbers) Alapin, S. 53, 1 57, 1 59, 1 90, 293, 325,

36 1 Alekhine, A. 260, 302, 3 62, 3 74, 463 Amateur 2, 3 Balla, Z. 70, 34 1 , 353 Banisz, Z . 337, 342 Bardeleben, C. 1 7 1 , 1 82 Bartoszkiewicz, G. 1 Belsitzmann, Z. 3 86, 405, 406 Benima, L. 33 Benko, P.P. 8 Berger, J. 1 32, 1 62 Bernstein, 0. 20, 7 1 , 82, 1 0 1 , 238,

268, 365, 3 70, 375, 46 1 , 462, 463 Billecard, M. 1 1 7 Blackburne, J. 96, 379 Bleij kmans, D. 35 Blumenfeld, B . 52 Bogolj ubow, E. 4 1 4, 4 1 7, 420, 423 ,

424, 427-3 8 , 445, 490 Breyer, G. 332, 344, 352 Burget, J.L. 474 Burn, A. 75, 230, 270, 289, 343 Butiagin 458 Capablanca, J.R. 278, 3 72 Carls, C. 355 Chajes, 0. 298 Chigorin, M. 1 7, 6 1 , 64, 67, 1 4 1 Choj nacki 23 Collij n, G. & L. 490 Cohn, E. 32, 1 1 9, 1 40, 1 6 1 , 234, 284, 338, 346 Cohn, W. 1 2 1 Daniuszewski, D. 94, 1 50, 223, 453, 455, 457 Domsberger 465 Duras, 0. 34, 42, 73, 98, 1 29, 1 5 8, 1 83 , 232, 274, 28 1 , 3 1 1 , 320, 336, 348 Dus-Chotimirsky, E. 1 0, 26, 58, 1 26, 1 5 3 , 1 86, 233, 253, 256, 300 Elzas 474 Englund, F. 27

389

Evtifeev, P. 50 Factor, S. 385, 468, 47 1 , 472 Fandrich, H. 456 Fahrni, H. 8 1 , 303 Flam berg, A. 60, 63, 66, 26 1 , 263-

65, 305, 4 1 0, 4 1 1 Fleischmann (Forgacs), L. 1 04, 237,

309 Freiman, S. 1 5 1 , 239, 254, 257, 360,

367 Gaj dos, J . 3 7 Gattie, W. 74 Goldfarb, J. 1 55 , 1 56, 454 Goncharov, A. 463 Gottesdiener, J. 3 82, 3 84 Granas 45 Groen 485 Gunsberg, I. 378 Hakansson, A. 49 1 Hartung 472 Heilmann 28 Helbach, G. 47 Hirschbein, M. 468 Hromadka, K. 327 Isakov, K. 46 1 , 462 Izbinsky, S. 1 5 , 56 Jacob, F. 1 08 Jaffe, C. 297 Janowsky, D. 72, 83, 1 27, 1 87 , 272,

377 John, W. 1 1 1 Johne� P. 1 33 , 1 73 , 294, 3 3 9 Kalinsky, N . 7 Kieseritzky, L. 39 Kloosterboer 487 Kostic, B. 30 1 , 443 Kuczynski 95 Kulomzin, V. 1 6 Kunze, 0. 4 1 Kupczinski 467 Kvieala 1 89 Langleben, S. 259, 262

Lasker, Em. 227, 373, 3 99, 402 Lebedev, S. 1 4 Lee, F. 97 Leonhardt, P. 76, 1 1 8, 1 36, 1 67, 1 9 1 ,

273, 282, 3 1 3 , 322, 326 Levenfish, G. 296, 3 59, 3 66 Levitsky, S. 1 8, 54, 350, 3 64, 3 69 Liubimov, B. 460 Loman, R. 473 Lonnenberg, M. 478 Lowcki, M. 9, 333, 357, 3 8 1 Lowy, L . 30 Maliutin, B. 57 Marco, G. 1 02, 44 1 , 456 Maroczy, G. 1 3 9, 1 69, 1 96, 277, 45 1 Marshall, F. 80, 1 3 7 , 1 74, 1 84, 1 99206, 2 1 5-222, 269, 287, 306, 3 1 6, 340, 358, 3 7 1 Metger, J. 1 1 0 Middleton 29 Mieses, J. 43, 44, 1 00, 1 30, 1 76, 1 88, 23 1 , 243-252, 347, 394, 397, 447 Mints 459 Moewig, A. 36 Moller, J 444 Mortimer, J. 1 1 4 Mundt, A. 89, 93 Nikolaev 1 2 Nimzovitch, A. 1 06, 1 24, 275, 285, 3 1 5 , 324, 363, 368, 3 80, 449 Nyholm, G. 425 , 490 Olland, A. 1 42 Olson, E. 490 Omeliansky, V. 46 Oskam, G. 69, 47 1 -472, 476, 486 Owesson, B. 492 Perlis, J. 84, 1 1 6, 1 72, 229, 299, 308, 318 Petzold, K. 40 Preiswerk, W. 470 ProkeS, L. 1 92 Przepiorka, D. 1 48 , 1 49, 349, 407, 408 Rabinovich, A. 6, 1 93 , 2 5 5 , 3 04 Reeser, G.L. 480

Regedziiiski, T. 3 8 3 , 468 Reshevsky, S. 469 Reti, R. I 6o, 4 1 2, 4 1 5 , 4 1 8, 42 1 , 446,

490 Ridderhof 484 Romanovsky, P. 5 1 Rosengren 489 Rosenkrantz, K. 49 Rotlewi, G. 87, 88, 9 1 , 92, 1 52, 224,

280, 464 Rozanov, V. 460 Salwe, G. 4, 5, 2 1 , 24, 25, 5 5 , 62, 65,

68, 78, 90, 1 23 , 1 3 1 , 1 44- 1 47, 1 70, 1 80, 207-2 1 4, 24 1 , 258, 292, 33 1 , 456 Sartori, A. 38 Sasburg 48 1 Schelfhout, W. 477, 482 Schiffers, E. 1 9 Schlechter, C. 85, 1 3 8, 1 64, 1 94, 236, 276, 290, 307, 3 1 7, 328, 345, 3 87-93 , 396, 400, 403 Selezniev, A. 442 Selezniev, P. 460 Shoosmith, H. 1 1 3 Shories, G. 1 07 Sodermark 426 Speyer, A. 226 Spielmann, R. 1 03 , 1 3 5 , 1 75 , 1 97, 240, 279, 295 , 3 1 4, 323, 3 3 0, 3 54, 4 1 3 , 4 1 6, 4 1 9, 422, 448, 488, 490 Stamm, W. 1 1 Sterk, K. 329, 466 Siichting, H. 1 09, 1 65 , 1 98, 29 1 Swiderski, R. 79, 1 1 2, 1 68 Szwarcman, L. 409 Talvik, E. 59 Tarrasch, S. 27 1 , 3 1 0, 3 1 9, 3 52, 3 76, 40 1 , 404, 440 Tartakover, S. 1 05 , 1 2 8 , 1 66, 242 , 288, 450 Teichmann, R. 86, 1 20, 1 34, 1 63 , 1 771 79, 1 85 , 235, 266, 283, 3 1 2, 32 1 , 3 3 5 , 356 Treybal, F. 1 8 1 Treybal, K. 3 5 1

3 90

U rusov 46 1 , 462 van Gelder 439, 473 van Vliet, L. 1 1 5 Verveen, A. 475 Vidmar, M. 3 1 , 1 25 , 1 95, 228, 267,

286, 395, 398 von Scheve, T. 99 Wij ssen 483 Wolf, H. 1 43 Yates, F. 334 Yurevich, V. 1 3 Znosko-Borovsky, E . 22, 48, 77, 1 22,

1 54, 225

39 1

Openings Index (refers to game numbers) Alapin 1 59 Benoni 330, 404, 4 1 9 Bishop's Opening 347 Bird 1 3 , 367 Bogo-lndian 436 Budapest 395-97 Caro-Kann 486, 489-90 Center Counter 1 06, 1 1 5 , 268, 378 Center Game 7, 394, 454 Chigorin 67 Colle System 1 67 Danish Gambit 44, 1 88 Dutch 6, 8, 1 0, 3 5 , 46, 58, 1 03 , 1 97,

206, 2 1 7, 2 1 9, 284, 288, 304, 3 1 4, 357, 366, 4 1 1 , 440, 447 English 28 1 , 303, 332, 336, 3 3 8 , 376, 442, 483 Four Knights 95, 1 22, 1 27, 1 29, 1 80, 1 93 , 200, 208, 2 1 0-2 1 2, 2 1 5 , 275, 295, 3 1 5 , 3 1 9, 32 1 , 323, 365, 375, 3 86, 406, 4 1 0, 429, 433, 435, 453, 464, 466-67, 477 French 1 4, 1 7- 1 9, 26-27, 29, 3 1 , 4 1 42, 47, 49, 5 3 , 64, 6� 1 0� 1 39, 1 4 1 , 1 43 , 1 50, 1 75 , 1 96, 235, 237, 242, 27 1 , 277, 279, 279, 285, 29 1 , 296-297, 305, 307-309, 328-329, 33 1 , 3 3 5 , 337, 339, 34 1 , 343 , 346, 360, 379, 460, 465 Giuoco Piano 59, 62, 68, 1 3 1 , 1 44, 1 70, 207, 259, 326, 352, 40 1 , 450, 457, 469 Goring Gambit 44 1 Hungarian 1 3 5 , 3 1 3 King's Gambit 65, 87, 93, 1 07, 1 45 , 1 90, 224, 26 1 , 292, 344, 408, 4 1 5 , 42 1 , 45 8-459, 470, 478, 480, 485 King's Indian 1 05 , 388, 4 1 2, 4 1 8, 474 Modern 342 Nimzo-lndian 3 74, 434 Old Indian 50, 324, 400, 426 Owen 449 Philidor 1 1 7

Queen 's Gambit Accepted

72, 92, 1 46, 1 48 , 1 62, 1 79, 1 98, 2 1 8, 220, 222, 226, 228, 234, 239, 253, 320, 462-463, 49 1 Queen's Gambit Declined 9, 1 1 - 1 2, 1 6, 22, 24-25, 28, 32-33, 36-40, 43, 52, 54-5 5 , 57, 66, 68, 70-7 1 , 73, 75, 7879, 80, 82, 86, 88, 90, 9 1 , 1 00, 1 02, 1 1 9- 1 2 1 , 1 24- 1 25 , 1 34, 1 3 7- 1 3 8 , 1 47, 1 52, 1 5 5 - 1 56, 1 63 , 1 69, 1 73 , 1 77- 1 78, 1 83 , 1 86, 1 89, 1 9 1 , 1 94- 1 95 , 1 99, 20 1 , 204-205 , 209, 2 1 3-2 1 4, 2 1 6, 22 1 , 223 , 225, 227, 229, 23 1 , 23 3 , 236, 238, 24 1 , 250, 252, 254-25 8 , 262, 264, 266, 269, 270, 274, 278, 280, 286-287, 298, 3 1 0, 3 1 2, 3 1 6-3 1 7, 322, 327, 334, 345, 348, 3 50, 3 5 8 , 364, 3 70, 3 7 1 -372, 377, 3 823 84, 3 92, 398, 402, 405, 4 1 3-4 1 4, 424, 427, 45 1 , 47 1 - 473, 482 Queen 's Indian 1 08, 272, 445 Queen 's Pawn 5 , 2 1 , 30, 48, 60-6 1 , 74, 70, 77, 83-85 , 97, 1 1 0- 1 1 1 , 1 1 3 - 1 1 4, 1 1 6, 1 1 8, 1 23 , 1 26, 1 3 0, 1 32, 1 36, 1 40, 1 42, 1 5 1 , 1 53 , 1 5 8, 1 60- 1 6 1 , 1 65 , 1 68, 1 7 1 , 1 74, 1 84, 1 87, 203 , 248, 267, 290, 293-294, 340, 35 1 , 3 5 5 , 369, 3 80, 4 1 7, 423 , 428, 430, 432, 438, 443 , 452 Ruy Lopez 1 5 , 34, 5 1 , 56, 63, 96, 99, 1 0 1 , 1 04, 1 3 3 , 1 49, 1 5 7, 1 64, 1 8 1 , 1 85 , 1 92, 230, 232, 240, 260, 265 , 273 , 282283, 289, 3 1 1 , 3 1 8, 362, 373, 3 8 5 , 3 89, 39 1 , 393, 399, 407, 409, 4 1 6, 425, 43 1 , 437, 444, 455-456, 46 1 , 468, 476, 492 Scotch 20, 25 1 , 30 1 , 359, 368, 422 Sicilian 4, 1 66, 1 72, 1 82, 3 3 3 , 349, 353-354, 36 1 , 446, 448, 475 Slav 98, 1 28, 276, 300, 302, 306, 325, 390 Two Knights 1 , 420, 487 Vienna 89, 1 76, 202, 243 , 245 , 247, 249, 263 , 3 8 7, 403

3 92

ECO Codes Index (refers to game numbers) A02 A03 A13 A22 A28 A29 A32 A34 A38 A40 A43 A44 A46 AS2 AS3 ASS A83 A84 ASS

367 13 303 28 1 338 376, 483 442 332 336 449 3 3 0, 404 419 3 80, 428 395-397 50, 400 324, 426 447 8, 1 0, 3 5 , 46, 206, 2 1 7, 2 1 9, 3 5 7 6, 5 8 , 1 03 , 1 97, 2 8 4 , 288, 3 04, 3 1 4, 366, 440 A9S 4 1 1 BOt 1 06, 1 1 5 , 268, 378 B06 342 B13 486, 489, 490 B22 1 72 B29 3 54, 36 1 , 446, 448 B40 1 82, 3 3 3 , 349 B44 1 66 B4S 353 BS7 4 B72 475 coo 1 7, 1 09, 1 75 , 460 COl 1 8, 27, 42, 69, 1 4 1 , 1 50, 1 96, 235, 237, 242, 277, 29 1 , 328, 3 3 1 , 337, 34 1 , 343, 346, 379 C02 285 C09 297 ClO 1 4, 1 9, 1 3 9, 1 43 , 27 1 , 279, 307, 308, 329, 3 3 5 , 339 Cll 26, 29, 3 1 , 4 1 , 47, 49, 5 3 , 64, 299, 3 05, 3 09 C 1 2 360, 479 393

C14 C20 C21 C22 C24 C28 C29 C30

296, 465 1 59 44, 1 8 8 7, 394, 454 347 1 76, 202, 387, 403 89, 243 , 245 , 247, 249, 263 65, 1 07, 1 45 , 1 90, 224, 26 1 , 292, 408 , 459, 470, 478 C3 1 87, 458 C32 480 C33 93, 4 1 5, 42 1 C34 344 C36 485 C41 1 1 7 C44 44 1 C4S 20, 25 1 , 30 1 , 359, 422 C46 275 C47 368 C48 95, 1 22, 3 1 5 , 3 1 9, 32 1 , 323, 365, 375, 3 86, 406, 4 1 0, 429, 433, 43 5, 467, 477 C49 1 27, 1 29, 1 80, 200, 208, 2 1 0-2 1 2, 2 1 5 , 295, 453, 464, 466 cso 62, 68, 1 3 1 , 1 44, 207, 259, 3 1 3 , 352, 450, 469 CS3 59, 457 CS4 1 70, 326, 40 1 CSS I , 1 3 5 , 1 93 CS6 487 CS7 420 C60 455, 476 C66 46 1 C68 260, 3 8 5 , 39 1 C73 409 C77 34, 96, 230, 232, 3 1 8, 3 89, 444 C79 289, 3 1 1 , 407 C80 356, 4 1 6, 492 C82 373 C83 1 5 , 362, 393, 43 1 , 468 C84 5 1 , 56, 99, 265, 282, 399, 425 , 437 C87 63 , 240

C90 C91 C98 DOO

1 49, 1 64, 1 8 1 , 1 85 , 1 92, 283 1 33 1 0 1 , 1 04, 1 5 7, 273, 456 1 54, 1 60, 1 70, 1 84, 293, 438 DOl 369 D02 2 1 , 30, 77, 83, 85, 97, 1 23 , 1 26, 1 40, 1 42, 1 6 1 , 203 , 248, 290, 294, 340, 3 5 1 , 4 1 7, 423 D03 84 D04 74, l l 8, 1 53 , 1 5 8, 1 65 , 1 68, 267, 3 5 5 , 452 D05 5 , 48, 60, 6 1 , 70, 1 1 0, I l l , 1 1 3 , 1 1 4, 1 1 6, 1 30, 1 32, 1 36, 1 5 1 , 1 67, 1 7 1 , 1 87, 430, 432, 443 D06 52, 1 55 , 23 1 , 246, 250, 252, 270, 364, 4 1 3 D07 67 DlO 98 Dll 1 28 D13 3 06 D 1 5 276, 3 00, 302, 325, 3 90 D25 1 98 D26 92, 1 46, 1 62, 320 D27 72, 2 1 8, 220, 222, 226, 228, 234, 239, 253, 49 1 D28 1 48, 1 79, 462, 463 D30 1 73 , 22 1 , 274, 424, 472 D3 1 9, 1 2, 204, 256, 427 D32 1 6, 37, 82, 1 00, 1 2 1 , 1 24, 1 37, 1 47, 1 77, 20 1 , 205, 2 1 6, 227, 269 D33 1 89, 209, 254, 258, 3 1 0, 348, 3 5 8 D34 1 94, 1 99, 2 1 4, 229, 233, 244, 266, 278, 280, 286, 287, 322, 3 82, 402, 47 1 , 482 D37 38, 69, 7 1 , 75, 77, 78, 88, 9 1 , 298, 345 D40 1 1 , 28, 36, 54, 1 1 9, 1 25 , 1 3 8, 1 52, 1 56, 1 63 , 1 69, 1 83 , 1 86, 1 95 , 2 1 3 , 255, 257, 274, 377 D4 1 3 1 7 D46 40, 57, 350 D52 39, 43, 84, 24 1 , 392 D53 2 5 , 32, 90, 238 D55 22, 24, 33, 73, 76, 79, 94, 1 34, 1 78, 225, 262, 264, 398 3 94

D60 D61 D63 D64 D66 D67 E12 E14 E16 E18 E20 E49 E60

E62 E68 E76 E90

5 5 , 86, 3 1 6, 3 8 3 , 4 1 4 80, 1 02, 1 1 2, 1 20, 1 9 1 , 223, 3 1 2 66, 327, 334, 3 7 1 , 45 1 3 72, 384, 405, 473 370 236 272 1 08 436 445 434 3 74 1 05 418 388 474 412

Annotator Index (refers to game numbers) Alekhine, A. 253, 260 Authors 4, 5 , 6, 1 2, 29, 3 1 , 43 , 44, 56,

6 1 , 67, 68, 69, 7 1 -73, 75-76, 78-79, 82, 9 1 , 94, 1 24, 1 33 , 1 40, 1 43 , 1 44, 1 47, 1 5 1 , 1 59, 1 60, 1 78, 1 79, 1 89, 1 95 , 2 1 5222, 237, 238, 246, 2 5 8 , 26 1 , 278, 293, 307, 325, 350, 3 82, 400, 4 1 2, 465 , 468, 47 1 , 485, 487 Bachmann, L. 205 Bardeleben, C. 29 Belsitzmann, Z. 406 Bernstein, 0. 7 1 , 463 Bogolj ubow, E. 4 1 5 , 446, 45 1 Cela, R. 4 1 2 Chigorin, M . 67 Daniuszewski, D. 4, 9 1 , 94, 3 82 Fine, R. 227, 373 Flamberg, A. 405 Gaba, L. 4 1 2 Hoffer, L. 85, 1 24, 1 50, 1 5 1 , 1 53 , 209, 243 , 246, 250, 253, 26 1 Janowsky, D. 1 3 5 Kalendovsky, J. 42 1 Karpov, A. 269 Kmoch, H. 1 27, 1 29, 1 3 1 , 1 3 3 , 1 34, 1 44-47, 1 52, 1 53 , 1 5 8, 1 78, 1 90, 1 95 , 1 97, 200, 203, 209, 225-28, 23 1 , 232, 234, 236, 237, 240, 278, 2 8 1 , 293 , 296, 302, 307, 3 1 7, 3 1 9, 336, 3 5 8 , 383, 3 8 5 , 390, 400, 440, 446, 45 1 Konstantinopolsky, A. 60, 6 1 , 63, 67 Kopaev, N. 269 Kotov, A. 385 Lasker, B. 274 Lasker, Em. 76, 84, 85, 1 34, 1 39, 225229, 23 1 , 232, 236-3 8, 240, 324, 367, 368, 400, 402 Levinfish, G. 296, 366 Leonhardt, P. 342, 360 Lowcki, M. 409 Maliutin, B. 2 5 7 395

Marco, G. 1 59 M arin, M. 67, 302 Marshall, F. 1 74, 205 Mestel, J. 234 Mieses, J. 268, 269, 278, 279, 295,

306, 307, 3 1 4, 3 1 9, 323, 324, 347 Nimzovitch, A. 1 24, 225 , 324, 425 Razuvaev, Y. 1 2, 1 34, 1 47, 1 52, 1 78,

1 90, 1 97, 203, 209, 227, 23 1 , 232, 236, 278, 2 8 1 , 3 1 7, 446 Regedziiiski, T. 468 Reinfeld, F. 260, 362, 373 Reti, R. 435 Rubinstein, A. 365, 448, 468, 473 Schlechter, C. 85, 1 34, 1 44, 1 50-53 , 1 5 8, 1 60, 1 74, 1 76, 1 96, 1 99, 200, 243 , 347, 350, 3 5 1 Speelman, J. 234 Spielmann, R. 295 , 448 Tarrasch, S. 1 76, 227, 324, 325 Tartakover, S. 1 52, 268, 2 7 8 , 295, 3 1 4, 330, 347, 362, 368, 3 85 , 435 Trifunovic, P. 395 Unzicker, W. 234 Vidmar, M. 3 1 , 395 Weenink, H. 485 Zinkl, A. 1 99 Znosko-Borovsky, E. 1 79

Index of Illustrations (refers to page numbers) Alekhine, A. 283 Blackbu rne, J. 303 Burn, A. 23 1 Carlsbad ( 1 907) 93 Carlsbad ( 1 9 1 1 ) 24 1 Capablanca, J. 223 Euwe, M. 369 Gunsburg, I. 65 Jaffe 363 Lasker, E. 3 1 8 Marco, G. 303, 346 Maroczy, G. 369 Marshall, F. 1 67 Reshevsky, S. 3633 Romanovsky, P. 46 Rubinstein, A. 37, 266, 286 Schlechter, C. 3 1 2 St. Petersberg ( 1 909) 1 77 St. Peterburg ( 1 9 1 4) 297 San Sebastian ( 1 9 1 2) 248 Schiffers, E. 29 Tarrasch, S. 269 Teichmann, R. 1 36

396

General Index (refers to page numbers) Abrahams, Gerald 1 2 , 1 7, 54 Aguilera, Ricardo 1 8 Alapin, Simon 46, 1 1 7- 1 1 9, 1 25 , 1 27,

1 40, 1 46, 234, 259, 269, 28 1 , 282, 285 1 6, 1 23 , 1 3 7, 1 43 , 203, 206, 2 1 0-2 1 3 , 240, 28 1 , 283, 296, 297, 299, 300, 3 1 3 , 328, 336, 339, 3 54, 3 5 8, 359 Alekhine, Alexey 355 Algemeen Handelsblad 34 1 , 366 Almanach 2 1 Amateur 1 8, 1 9 American Chess Bulletin 1 1 7, 1 1 9, 1 20, 1 23 , 207, 285, 290-295 , 3 04, 363, 367 Arcymistrzowie, mistrzowie, amatorzy Slownik biograjiczny szachistow polskich voL 3 323 Alekhine, Alexander

•..

-

Bachmann, Ludwig 2 1 , 1 5 8, 3 1 2, 384 Bad Pistyan 1912 263 Balla, Zoltlin 60, 267, 277, 385 Barasz, Zsigmond 266, 268-270, 273 Bardeleben, Curt von 34, 1 32, 1 43 Bartoszkiewicz, G. 1 3- 1 6, 1 8, 385 Belsitzmann, Zdzislaw 3 04, 305, 3 1 0, 323, 324 Benima, Levi 3 7 Benko, P.P. 22 Berger, Johann 95, 1 30 Berliner Schachzeitung 1 1 7, 1 5 5 Berliner Zeitung am Mittag 296 Bernstein, Ossip 1 3 , 1 5 , 2 1 , 29, 58, 59, 6 1 , 70, 8 1 , 1 79, 1 92, 203 , 2 1 5, 2 1 6, 2 1 8, 256, 28 1 , 285, 286, 289, 296, 297, 30 1 , 357, 358, 3 85 Bialystok 1 3- 1 5 Bilguer's Handbuch 343, 369, 386 Billecard, Moritz 86 Biographies

-

Cohn, Erich 1 88 Duras, 01drich 3 8 397

Dus-Chotimirsky, Fedor 1 87 Factor, Samuel 308 Flamberg, Alexander 2 1 3 Fleischmann (Forgacs) , Leo 8 1 , 1 9 1 Freiman, Sergey 1 20 Kagan, Bernhard 3 1 1 Kleczynski family 2 1 1 Langleben, Salomon 209 Lowcki, Moishe 22-23 Przepi6rka, Dawid 1 1 5 Regedzifiski, Teodor 307 Rotlewi, Gersz 73 Salwe, Georg 1 9 Szwarcman, Leon 323 Blackburne, Joseph 59, 73, 79, 297, 3 03 Blanchard, C.T. 1 3 , 79 Bleij kmans, D. 3 8 Blokbergen, R.N. 370 Blumenfeld, Beniamin 1 5 , 46, 49, 50, 332 Bogolj ubow, Efim 2 1 3 , 2 1 4, 327-333, 336-343 , 348, 352, 364, 377, 379 Breyer, Gyula 264, 27 1 , 3 1 5 , 344, 353, 361 Brilliant Touch, The 5 4 British Chess Magazine 1 7, 268, 282 Burgel, J.L. 370, 37 1 Burn, Amos 59, 65, 73, 1 59, 1 83 , 220, 23 1 , 232, 270, 297, 30 1 , 385 Buschke, Albrecht 363 Butiagin 355 Cafferty, Bernard 1 7 Capablanca, Jose Raul

1 3 , 1 6, 1 07, 207, 208, 2 1 5 , 2 1 7, 223-225 , 238, 246, 253, 290, 29 1 , 295-299, 328, 354, 367, 370, 37 1 , 3 82 Carls, Carl 278 Casopis Ceskoslovenskych Sachistu 1 1 8, 1 53 , 2 1 6, 244 Ceskoslovensky Sach 40

70, 76, 80, 8 1 , 85 , 9 1 , 97, 1 0 1 , 1 02, 1 27, 1 29, 1 3 1 , 1 32, 1 45 , 1 47- 1 49, 1 62, 1 64, 1 99, 2 1 1 , 2 1 3 , 234, 238, 240, 249, 256, 260, 275-277, 299, 302, 320, 326, 328, 334, 337, 340, 343, 346, 356, 36 1 , 374, 375, 385 Elo 23, 26, 47, 5 1 , 1 1 5 , 1 20, 1 88, 1 9 1 , 2 1 5 , 268, 305, 323, 346 Elzas 368 Encyclopaedia Judaica 1 7 Encyclopedia of Chess Endings 332 Englund, Fritz 34 Estocolmo 1 919 1 8 Estrin, Yakov 2 1 2 Evtifeev, Peter 45

Chajes, Oscar 238

Chess Amateur, The 352 Chess Mind, The 54 Chess Notes 1 7, 1 1 5 Chess Panorama 33 Chess Personalia 1 7, 3 6 1 Chess Treasury of the Air 1 2 Chigorin, Mikhail 1 5, 1 6, 2 1 , 2 2 , 28, 29, 50, 5 1 -5 5 , 59, 73, 1 05 , 1 1 9, 1 29, 1 53, 1 9 1 Chojnacki 3 1 Cohn, Erich 3 7 , 86, 1 04, 1 29, 1 75 , 1 88, 230, 267, 272 Cohn, Wilhelm 87, 1 66, 1 88 Collijn, Gustaf 343 , 379, 382 Collij n, Ludvig 3 3 3 , 344, 3 77, 3 79, 382

Factor, Samuel

304-306, 308, 344,

362, 365, 367

Dagens Tidning 3 77 Daniels, David 33

Fahrni, Hans 70, 242 Fandrich, Hugo 3 54

Daniuszewski, Dawid 1 7, 1 8, 20, 4 1 ,

Field, The 40, 1 1 7, 1 1 8, 1 25 , 1 60, 1 6 1 , 1 99, 256, 258, 3 0 1 500 Master Games of Chess 235 Flamberg, Alexander 5 1 , 5 3 , 54, 57, 209, 2 1 1 , 2 1 3-2 1 5, 244, 28 1 , 285, 323, 326 Freiman, Sergey 1 1 8- 1 20, 1 93 , 203, 204, 206, 207, 269, 28 1 , 282, 287, 386 Fleischmann (Forgacs), Leo 8 1 , 83, 1 9 1 , 247, 249

74, 76, 77, 99, 1 1 7- 1 1 9, 1 74, 206, 305, 306, 308, 3 54, 355 Das Buch der Schachmeisterpartien 263 Decisive Games in Chess History 1 96 De Telegraf 368-372 Deutsche Arbeiter-Schachzeitung 36 1 Deutsche Schachblatter 25 1 Deutsche Schachzeitung 30, 3 1 , 97, 1 09, 1 20, 1 23, 1 26, 1 29, 1 33 , 1 3 5 , 1 3 8, 1 53, 1 54, 203 , 384 Deutsches und Berliner Schach­ zeitung 363 Deutsches Wochenschach 1 56, 2 1 1 , 2 1 2, 2 1 5 Domsberger 360 Duras, Oldoich 1 4, 1 5 , 3 3 , 3 8 , 40, 63, 64, 76, 79, 94, 1 26, 1 43, 1 44, 1 85 , 1 95 , 2 1 5, 22 1 , 227, 228, 248, 249, 254, 265, 274 Dus-Chotimirsky, Fedor 1 7, 23, 33, 50, 9 1 , 1 1 8- 1 20, 1 23 , 1 44, 1 45 , 1 5 3 , 1 54, 1 87, 203, 205 , 207, 223 , 239 ECO 36, 4 1 -43, 46-48, 5 5 , 57, 6 1 , 65,

398

Gaige, Jeremy 1 7- 1 9, 1 1 8, 2 1 0, 3 1 1 ,

36 1 , 3 84 Gajdos, Janos 38, 3 6 1 Gattie, Walter 65 Gillam, Tony 33, 60, 377, 3 8 5 , 386 Glazkov, Alexander 2 1 2 Goldfarb, J. 1 8, 1 25 , 354 Goldstein, Alexander 1 1 5 Goncharov, Alexey 203 , 3 5 8 Gottesdiener, Josek 3 0 5 , 3 06, 3 0 8 Granas 42 Groen 37 1 , 3 72 Gunsberg, Isidor 58, 59, 65, 297, 303 Hakansson, Arthur 3 64, 3 80, 3 8 1

Hannak, Jacques 1 2, 1 6, 3 84 Hartung 366 Heilmann 34 Helbach, Grigory 43 Hirschbein, Mojshe 305, 306, 362 Hodges, Albert 39 Hoffer, Leopold 72, 88, 93, 1 0 1 , 1 1 8-

1 20, 1 23 , 1 25 , 1 60, 1 6 1 , 1 98, 1 99, 20 1 , 203 Holmgren, Peter 382 Hromadka, Karel 260, 282

Korn, Walter 54 Kostic, Boris 227, 239, 347, 375

Ksiega Jubileuszowa Lodzkiego Towarzystwa Zwolennikow Gry Szachowej 1903-1938 1 6, 1 08, 1 1 8 Kuczynski 78, 1 1 8 Kulomzin, Viacheslav 27 Kunze, Otto 40 Kupczinski 3 6 1 Kvieala 1 45 Langleben, Salomon

Inside Chess 1 66 Isakov, Konstantin 3 5 7 Izabranie Partie 33 Izbinsky, Stefan 27, 48

Lasker, Berthold 22 1 Lasker, Emanuel 1 3 , 1 4, 1 6, 39, 48,

Jacob, Franz 83 Jaffe, Charles 238, 363 Janowsky, Dawid 1 9, 59, 6 1 , 62, 7 1 ,

9 1 , 1 00, 1 06, 1 44, 1 7 1 , 2 1 3 , 22 1 , 296, 297, 3 02 Jeugdpartijen van Beroemde Meesters 18 John, Walter 84 Johner, Paul 73, 97, 98, 1 33 , 235, 267 Kagan, Bernhard 3 1 1 , 3 1 6, 3 1 8, 320,

32 1 , 363, 386 Kalinsky, N. 22

Karl Marx Plays Chess 3 1 6 Keres, Paul 88, 90, 1 1 3, 206, 2 1 2, 230, 36 1 , 365, 375 Kieseritzky, Lionel 39, 1 20 Kloosterboer 374, 375 Kmoch, Hans 9 1 , 93, 95, 97, 98, 1 00, 1 05- 1 07, 1 09, 1 1 0, 1 1 2, 1 1 3 , 1 2 1 - 1 23 , 1 26, 1 36, 1 45 , 1 49, 1 50, 1 5 1 - 1 53 , 1 56, 1 6 1 , 1 62, 1 75, 1 76, 1 78, 1 80, 1 84, 1 85 , 1 88, 1 89, 1 9 1 , 1 94, 223, 227, 228, 233, 237, 240, 246, 252, 253, 265, 280, 307, 308, 3 1 3 , 3 1 8, 344, 348, 352, 3 84 Konstantinopolsky, Alexander 50, 52-54, 5 7

Korcz, Wladyslaw

3 84

1 8 , 209, 2 1 2,

244, 29 1 Larobok 343

58, 6 1 , 62, 7 1 , 72, 77, 98, 1 02, 1 50, 1 75, 1 76, 1 78- 1 80, 1 83 - 1 85, 1 87- 1 89, 1 9 1 1 96, 2 1 3 , 2 1 5, 223 , 224, 246, 257, 259, 268, 287, 288, 290-297, 299, 304, 3 1 3, 3 1 7-32 1 , 362, 364, 365, 367, 368, 370, 37 1 , 3 82, 386 Lasker 's Chess Magazine 1 4, 48, 58, 62, 7 1 , 98, 1 02 Lebede� Sergey 26, 27 Lee, Francis 79 Leonhardt, Paul 65, 66, 86, 1 0 1 , 1 3 1 , 1 47, 22 1 , 230, 248, 250, 255, 260, 268270, 27 1 ' 282 Les Cahiers de l'Echiquier Francais 235 Levenfish, Grigory 220, 23 7, 28 1 , 287 Levitsky, Stepan 28, 47, 275, 28 1 , 285, 289 L'ltalia Scacchistica 264 Liubimov, Boris 356 Lloyd, Sam 269 Loman, Rudolf 366, 367 Lombardy, William 3 3 Lonnenberg, M. 369, 370 Lowcki, Moishe 22, 23, 264, 268, 279, 305, 323, 326, 344 Lowy, Leopold 3 5 , 36 Lundin, Erik 54 Magyar Sakkvilag 3 6 1

399

Maizelis, Ilia 1 40, 2 1 9, 275 Malin tin, Boris 49, 1 1 9, 206, 2 1 4 Marco, (;eorg 59, 63, 8 1 , 99, 1 27, 1 53, 3 03, 345, 346, 3 5 5 , 385 Marin, Mikhail 56, 240, 242 Maroczy, (;eza 58, 59, 6 1 , 73, 78, 1 02, 1 03, 1 06, 1 32, 1 40, 1 50, 223, 352, 369 Marshall, Frank 1 6, 1 7, 59, 69, 73, 1 0 1 , 1 08, 1 1 3 , 1 2 1 , 1 22, 1 26, 1 33, 1 43, 1 53, 1 54, 1 56, 1 5 8- 1 60, 1 66- 1 74, 2 1 9, 227, 232, 246, 248, 249, 252, 267, 280, 297, 298, 385 Marshall 's Best Games of Chess 1 7 1 Metger, Johannes 84, 235 Middleton 34 Mieses, Jacques 1 4- 1 6, 4 1 , 80, 95, 1 26, 1 3 5 , 1 45 , 1 75 , 1 84, 1 98, 1 99-202, 2 1 8, 2 1 9, 22 1 , 223, 225, 235, 246, 248, 250, 253-257, 263 , 272, 3 1 5, 3 1 7, 349, 3 84, 386 Mij nlieff, A. 3 70 Mints 356 Moewig, Alfred 38 Moller, Jorgen 347 Morphy, Paul 269 Mortimer, James 85 Moskovskiye Vedomosti 362 Munchener Neuesten Nachrichten 204 Mundt, A. 1 7, 1 8, 74, 77 My Best Games of Chess, 1 905-1930 (Tartakover) 320 My Fifty Years ofChess (Marshall) 1 7, 1 33

New YorkerStaats-Zeitung 65, 66, 68, 1 60, 1 6 1 Nederlandsch-Indische Schaakbond 367 Neue Freie Presse 1 53 Neue Lodzer Zeitung 1 8, 1 9, 32, 1 08, 1 53, 385 Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant 374, 3 76 Nikolaev, B. 25 Nimzovitch, Aaron 83, 88, 1 6 1 , 1 66,

1 75 , 203 , 2 1 3 , 1 22, 23 1 , 248, 25 1 , 256, 257, 282, 284, 285, 288, 297, 303, 334, 35 1 , 3 80, 383 Niva 205 Novoe Vremya 1 3 , 1 3 8, 285 Nyholm, (;ustaf 333, 334, 377, 379, 3 8 1 O'Keefe, Jack 4 3 , 208 Olland, Adolf 1 05 Olson, Anton 333, 377 Olson, Erik 379 Olson, Karl 333, 377 Omeliansky, Vasily 43 I 00 Instructive Games ofAlekhine 2 1 0 Oprechte Haarlemsche Courant 373 Oskam, (;erard 60, 365-368, 37 1 , 374 0. W. Zuit Zutphen 3 74 Owesson, Birger 380, 3 82 Oxford Companion to Chess 58, 343

Pachman, Ludek 1 96 Perlis, Julius 58, 59, 7 1 , 73, 86, 1 32,

1 83 , 236, 239, 248, 249, 253, 256 Petzold, Kurt 39

Pierwyj A lmanach Lodzinskogo Obszczestwa Liubitielej Szachmatnoj Ig� 1 6- 1 8, 33, 74, 76, 354 Pillsbury, Harry Nelson 25, 55 Postma, S. 1 8 Povarov, Wladyslaw 33 Preiswerk, Walter 364 Prezioso, Toni 3 84 ProkeS, Ladislav 1 48 Przepiorka, Dawid 1 1 4- 1 1 6, 204, 275, 323, 325 Pytel, Krzysztof 3 84 Rabinovich, Abram 22, 1 48, 203 , 205 , 207, 2 1 3 , 243 , 28 1 Radulov, Ivan 65 Rech 206, 2 1 3 , 285 Reeser, (;.J. 370, 3 7 1 Regedziiiski, Teodor 305-308, 362 Reinfeld, Fred 1 05- 1 07, 2 1 0, 283, 299, 3 59

400

Reshevsky, Samuel 363 , 364 Reti, Richard 1 29, 327, 329-332, 34 1 ,

Rotlewi 208 Rubinstein s Chess Masterpieces 1 2 Rubinstein Gewinnt 1 2 Quality o f Play (Leonhardt) 268-269 Son (Jonas) 304 Visit to Moscow 3 5 5-359 Wife (Eugenie Lev) 304 Writing Shakh-Zaytung 1 9 Larobok 343 Lasker-Rubinstein match book (planned) 293

343 , 344, 348, 379, 3 82, 383 Ridderhof 3 72 Romanovsky, Peter 46, 1 1 8, 1 24, 1 25,

213 Rook Endings 220 Rosengren 333, 377, 378 Rosenkrantz, Karl 45 Rotlewi, Gersz 1 6, 1 7, 73, 76, 1 2 1 , 1 74, 206-209, 2 1 4, 227, 359 Rotterdamsch Leeskabinet 344 Rozanov, Vasily 356 Rubinstein, Akiva -

Salwe, Georg

Ancestry 1 2- 1 6 Apocryphal stories Vidmar and the Budapest Gambit (Berlin 1 9 1 8) 3 1 6 Wolf anecdote (Carlsbad 1 907) 1 06, 1 07 Exhibition game with Reshevsky 363-364 Incidents Alapin (Lodz 1 907 /8) 1 1 7 - 1 1 9 Blumenfeld (St. Petersberg 1 906) 48 Last round abilities 1 96 Lodz Chess Club 1 3 - 1 7 Matches Bogoljubow 36, 343 Duras 40-4 1 Flamberg 2 1 3-2 1 5 Lowcki 305 Marshal 1 66- 1 74 Mieses 4 1 , 42, 1 98-202 Salwe 20, 2 1 , 32, 1 08- 1 1 4 Schlechter 3 1 1 -3 1 5 Teichmann 1 36- 1 3 8 Non-matches Bernstein 2 1 5 , 2 1 6 Capablanca 207, 208 Capablanca, Lasker Rubinstein trian g ul ar 3 70, 3 7 1 Lasker 289-294 Place of Birth (Stawiski) 1 2, 1 4, 1 5

1 3-2 1 , 30, 3 1 , 33, 47, 5 1 -54, 57, 67, 76, 88, 95, 1 08- 1 1 4, 1 1 8, 1 32, 1 40, 1 53 , 1 60, 1 6 1 , 1 63 , 1 64, 1 95 , 203 , 205-208, 2 1 3 , 2 1 4, 233, 244, 263, 275, 28 1 , 305, 306, 3 5 5 , 3 8 5 Samuel Rzeschewski das Scach­ wunderkind 363 Sartori, Arthur 39 Sasburg 3 7 1 Savage, Alan 3 7 Scheltbout, Willem 369, 3 7 1 , 372 Schiffers, Emanuel 26, 29, 1 3 3 Schlechter, Carl 5 8-60, 72, 73, 98, 1 00, 1 02, 1 09, 1 1 9- 1 24, 1 26, 1 29, 1 30, 1 3 3 , 1 3 5 , 1 45 , 1 48, 1 50, 1 53 , 1 54, 1 64, 1 75 , 1 89, 1 9 1 , 1 98, 222, 223 , 233, 246248, 252, 262, 272, 275 , 276, 278, 3 1 1 3 1 5 , 3 1 7-3 1 9, 32 1 , 364-3 86 Selezniev, Alexey 346 Selezniev, P. 356 Shaakhmaty v SSSR 1 1 8 Shakmatnoe Obrozenie 203 , 2 1 1 , 2 1 2, 355 Shipley, Walter Penn 294 Shoosmith, Hector 85 Shories, Georg 83 Smyslov, Vasily 54, 76, 220 Sodermark 333, 335 Soltis, Andrew 1 53 , 3 1 6 Sossnitz 1 3 Sozin, Veniamin 20 Speyer, Abraham 1 76

40 1

Spielmann, Rudolf 8 1 , 1 00, 1 34, 1 5 1 ,

1 94, 1 95 , 2 1 7, 225 , 235, 240, 246, 248, 250, 253, 255, 256, 262, 268, 278, 286, 327-329, 332, 3 3 3 , 337, 343, 344, 350, 3 5 1 , 377, 3 79, 3 82, 383 St. Petersburg 1914 296 Stamm, Wilhelm von 25 Stawiski 1 2- 1 7 Steintz, Wilhelm 1 1 , 269, 293 Sterk, Karoly 262, 3 6 1 Siichting, Hugo 84, 1 30, 1 44, 1 52, 233 Swiat Szachowy 1 1 5 Swiderski, Rudolf 68, 69, 85, 1 3 1 , 385 Szachista Polski 323, 324, 326 Szachy od A do Z 1 9 Szwarcman, Leon 323, 326 Talvik, Eduard 49, 50 Tarrasch, Siegbert 79, 80, 1 29, 1 3 5 ,

1 45 , 1 6 1 , 1 64, 1 78, 1 79, 1 9 1 , 1 93 , 2 1 2, 220, 248, 249, 253, 256, 257, 259, 260, 268, 269, 277, 296, 297, 3 0 1 , 302, 3 06, 320, 32 1 , 344, 362 Tartakover, Saviely 83, 94, 1 1 2, 1 2 1 , 1 3 1 , 1 45 , 1 96, 2 1 8, 223 , 227, 232, 235, 250, 262, 263 , 272, 283, 288, 300, 308, 320, 34 1 , 352 Teichmann, Richard 59, 73, 87, 94, 98, 99, 1 23 , 1 30, 1 36- 1 3 8, 1 44, 1 89, 1 95 , 1 96, 2 1 2, 2 1 3 , 2 1 7, 227, 230, 250, 255, 265, 279 Tidskrift for Schack 334 Treybal, Franti§ek 1 42

402

Treybal, Karel 1 42, 276 Trifunovic, Petar 3 1 6

Tygodnik Illustrowany 2 1 5 Urusov 3 5 5 , 3 5 7

Utro Rossii 358 van der Vegt, W. 3 70 van Gelder 344, 3 66, 367 van Kooy, W. 3 70 van Vliet, Loins 85, 298 Verlisnky, Boris 1 7 Verveen, A. 368 Vidmar, Milan Sr. 36, 9 1 , 1 40, 1 49,

1 80, 1 82, 1 9 1 , 2 1 7, 2 1 8, 23 1 , 3 1 5-3 1 7 von Scheve, Theodor 80 Walkate, H.J. 307 Weenink, Henri 3 72, 373

Western Daily Mercury 1 3, 79 Wiener Schachzeitung 1 66, 298 Wijssen 3 7 1 , 372 Winkelman, Barnie 1 2, 1 6 Wolf, Heinrich 73, 1 06, 1 07 Wolsza, Dr. Tadeusz 244, 305, 306, 323 , 383 Yates, Frederick 2 1 2, 265 Yurevich, Vladimir 1 5 , 26 Znosko-Borovsky, Eugene 1 3 , 30, 4 5 , 49, 66, 67, 8 8 , 1 1 8, 1 24, 1 3 8, 1 75 , 203 Zukertort, Johannes 2 1