We are at an unprecedented historical moment where three crises converge economic, energy and ecological. Unemployment, climate change, loss of biodiversity, overexploitation of resources, social inequality, price volatility of raw materials, and the
Historical Development of Philippine Agriculture
Agriculture—that is, using and managing natural resources—has a long and complex history. For thousands of years, societies have relied on plants and animals for food and other items, making…Descrição completa
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The Importance of Agriculture to the Philippine Economy By Pulse101
The word agriculture comes from the Latin word "ager cultura'" which means cultivation of the fields. Agriculture is a special type of of production that generally involves cultivating cultivating plants and raising animals. ts scope has since !een epanded to include fishery and forestry. The discovery of agriculture in #000 B.$. had made a ma%or impact o n the development of civili&ation. Before the discovery of agriculture people su!sisted !y foraging for food. They hunted fished and gathered for food wherever they could come across for these. They moved from place to place where they could easily find food. As population increased hunting gathering gathering and simple fishing !ecame more more difficult. To To ensure ensure food supply for the family the nomads had discovered that they could cultivate crops and domesticate animals. They needed not to move from place to place !ut to set up a permanent community to cultivate a permanent area. They no longer had to worry what to eat and a nd where to find food. This ended their nomadic life and signaled the !eginning of civili&ation. The development of agriculture resulted in significant advancements in the people's (nowledge and understanding of their environment. People were a!le to develop other capa!ilities to further improve their lives. This eventually resulted to the invention of different farming tools and methods such as plow and systematic irrigation systems. This is why it is often said that agriculture is the !asis for the development of societies.
The importance of agriculture to the economy Agricultural sector plays an important role in the economic progress progress of a nation. The materials materials needed and economic activities come from this. 1. Agricultural sector provides food. The food. The Philippine soil is !est suited for root crops such as rice corn sugar cane potatoes and many others. )angoes pineapples coconuts and !ananas also a!ound. Agricultural sector also provides seafood for mineral and protein needs. 2. Agricultural sector provides raw materials needed to create another products. products. *atural materials from forests fields and seas can !e made into different variety of handicraft products. 3. Agricultural sector contributes to the economic progress through export. export. Agricultural products that are eported to other countries include sugar flowers fruits seafood and many others. An important source of income for the government is the eportation of agricultural products. This is
why the government has primarily focused on developing the country's capacity to eport more of agricultural products. 4. Agricultural sector provides employment to a large number of Filipinos. Those on the countryside depend on agriculture for their livelih ood such as farming fishing mining and raising livestoc(. . A progressive agricultural sector can support other sectors of the economy li(e manufacturing trade and services !y supplying the needed raw materials. This is why when a country dream of industriali&ation it needs to epand and improve its agricultural production. But epanding production alone is not enough to develop the agricultural sector. +e have to remem!er that it ma(es up the su!stantial part of the country's population , people who are potential customers of other products and services. Alongside efforts to epand production it is necessary to improve people's condition in order to strengthen their capacity as consumers. Through this a more vi!rant echange !etween productive sectors will ta(e place and progress in !oth ur!an and rural areas is epected to follow.
!onclusion Agriculture really plays a crucial role in the overall o!%ective and effort to achieve economic progress. )any of today's developed economies first strove to strengthen their agricultural sectors. They still provide financial support to their farmers even scientists and researchers who aim to enhance further their agricultural production.
INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM NIA is mandated to: •
•
•
•
•
•
Organize and develop irrigation farmer-beneficiaries into Irrigators Associations (IAs)/ Irrigators Service Cooperatives (ISCs);
Register the IAs ith Sec!rities and "#change Commission (S"C); ISCs ith Cooperative $evelopment A!thorit% (C$A) - to attain legal personalit%;
&rovide needed capacit% b!ilding/training activities to the IAs/ISCs before transferring operation and maintenance (O');
IA* !nder its Irrigation anagement +ransfer (I+) program* is mandated to grad!all% transfer the management and O ' of national irrigation s%stems (IS)*holl% or partiall%* to d!l% organized IAs/ISCs;
,ieise* the agenc% develops comm!nal or small irrigation pro.ects (CI&) or rehabilitates e#isting comm!nal irrigation s%stems (CIS) ith IA participation then completel% transfer to the IA the O ' of the of the completed CI& or rehabilitated CIS;
IA assists the IAs/ISCs in establishing linages ith other agencies (both government and private) that provide s!pport services and other assistance programs incl!ding livelihood/small b!siness vent!res to increase farm prod!ctivit% and famil% income
ORGANIZATION & DEVELOPMENT OF IRRIGATORS ASSOCIATIONS (IAs C!m!"ati#e Tota" As o$ O%toe' )* +,)PARTICULARS o of IAs Organized
NIS
CIS
TOTAL
0*123
4*500
1*035
o of 6armer-7eneficiaries
484*104
943*833
3*:08*45
Area Covered b% IA (ha)
833*15
4::*429
3*030*95:
PARTICULARS
No. o$ IAs
In#o"#ed As o$ O%t. )* +,)-
NIS
I''i/ation Mana/ement T'ans$e' (IMT < grad!al transfer of management and O ' of ational Irrigation S%stems (IS) to IAs depending on the size of the IS and capacit% of IAs
odel aintenance of canals delegated to IAs ; IA is compensated 3 based canal area maintained and e#isting labor rate
3*320
+!rnover of management of lateral canals to IAs; IAs get a share of Irrigation Service 6ee (IS6) collected; +%pical IS6 sharing= IA= 8:> IA=5:>
3*3:5
+!rnover of management of main and lateral canals to IA odel 6ederation (?eadors/$am not incl!ded); IAs get a share of 5 Irrigation Service 6ee (IS6) collected; +%pical IS6 sharing= IA= 8:> IA=5:>
88
Complete t!rnover of irrigation s%stem to IAs; IAs pa% IA a rental fee at a rate of 84-3:: ilograms of dr% pala% per hectare per %ear
08
odel 0
odel 9 TOTAL
CIS
+*00 Complete t!rnover of irrigation s%stem to IAs for operation and maintenance @enerall%* IAs contrib!te 3:> e!it% d!ring constr!ction period and pa% IA amortization fee of the direct cost of constr!ction of the pro.ect for a period not e#ceeding 4: %ears An IA has the option to contrib!te an e!it% e!ivalent to 5:> of the pro.ect cost and the rest of the pro.ect cost is considered f!ll%-paid B - To1
