Abu Hurayrah radi Allahu anhu narrated, “Allah’s Messenger sallallahu alayhe wa sallam said, ‘Whoever attends the funeral procession until he performs the funeral prayer for it will get a reward equal to one qirat, and whoever accompanies it until the burial will get a reward equal to two qirats.’ It was asked, ‘What are two qirats?’ He (the Prophet) replied, ‘(They are) like two huge mountains (of rewards)’” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]. Performing the funeral Prayer over the deceases is a collective duty; if performed by some of those in the neighborhood of the deceased, the rest of them will not be accountable for it; it is still an act of the sunnah to be observed by rest of them. Yet, if all abandoned it, it will be a sin upon them all.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
The Acts of the Sunnah Observed in the Funeral Prayer
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
The Conditions of the Funeral Prayer
6. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
8.
Intention: one must have the intention of performing it Facing the Qiblah Concealing one’s ‘awrah1 when performing it The ritual purity of both the one performing it and the deceased Avoidance of any physical impurity Both the one performing it and the deceased must be Muslims Attending the funeral procession after offering the funeral prayer if they are in the neighborhood Being legally accountable
7.
1. 2.
Standing upright, if able to do so Saying four takbirs2
1 ‘Awrah:Theprivatepartsorpartsofthebodywhich
areillegaltoexposetoothers;amale’s‘awrahisfrom thenaveltotheknees.Asforafemale’s‘awrah,it includesallherbodyinoneviewwhereasinanotherit isallherbodywiththeexceptionofherfaceandhands.
Raising the hands upon saying each takbir Seeking refuge with Allah (from the accursed Satan) before reciting Al-Fatihah Invoking Allah for oneself and for all Muslims Being quiet while reciting Having a short pause after the forth takbir and before taslim Putting one’s right hand over the left with both on the chest following each takbir Turning to the right when saying taslim The Way to Perform the Funeral Prayer
1. 2.
3. The Integral Parts of the Funeral Prayer
Reciting the Surah Al-Fatihah (the opening chapter of the Quraan) Asking Allah to confer His blessing upon the Prophet sallallahu alayhe wa sallam Supplicating for the deceased Performing these integral parts in sequence Ending the prayer with taslim3
The bodies are placed in the direction of the Qiblah As the Imam stands for the prayer, his followers should stand behind him in three or more rows, for the Prophet sallallahu alayhe wa sallam said, “Whoever has three rows pray over him, then it becomes necessary – i.e. Paradise” [Hasan, AtTirmidhi]. Imam should read Al-Fatihah and then a short Surah as found in a hadith related by Talhah bin Abdullah bin ‘Awf, who said, “I prayed behind ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhu over a funeral; he recited the Opening of the Book (Al-Fatihah) and then another Surah at such a voice that he
4.
5. 6. 7.
made us hear what he was reciting. When the prayer ended, I took his hand, asked him about what he did, and he answered, ‘I only read out loud for you to learn that it is sunnah and right (to do so)’’’ [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]. Then he should say takbir and send blessings and peace upon the Prophet sallallahu alayhe wa sallam Then he should say the takbir and supplicate for the dead Then he should say the final takbir At this point, if he wishes, he may supplicate and then say the taslim to end the prayer, or he may (after the forth takbir) end the prayer immediately, in both cases by saying the taslim once. Description of the Funeral Prayer
The funeral prayer is to be performed in the following way: The imam or one performing it alone over a deceases person, should stand toward the chest of the deceased if a man and toward her middle if a woman. As for those led in prayer, they should stand behind the Imam, and it is an act of the Sunnah to stand in three rows. One begins with saying the opening takbir and then seeks refuge with Allah from Satan directly following saying takbir – without saying the opening invocation – then one recites Basmalah 4 and the Surah Al-Fatihah. After that, one is to say the second takbir and ask Allah to confer His blessings upon the Prophet sallallahu alayhe wa sallam just as it is recited in Tashahhud. Then, one is to say the third takbir and supplicate to Allah for the deceased with the invocations reported to have been observed by the Prophet sallallahu alayhe wa sallam in this regard.
2 Takbir:Saying,“AllahuAkbar”–AllahistheGreatest. 3 Taslim:sayingthefinalSalamsintheprayer(saying,
4 Basmalah:Saying,“Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim”–
Assalamualikumwarahmatullahiwabarakatuhu)when concludingtheprayer.
IntheNameofAllâh,theMostBeneficent,theMost Merciful.
Wording of the Supplic ation to be Used in the Funeral Prayers
“O Allaah, forgive our living and our dead, those present and those absent, our young and our old, our males and our females. O Allaah, whom amongst us You keep alive, then let such a life be upon Islaam, and whom amongst us You take unto Yourself, then let such a death be upon faith. O Allaah, do not deprive us of his reward and do not let us stray after him.” “O Allaah, forgive and have mercy upon him, excuse him and pardon him, and make honorable his reception. Expand his entry, and cleanse him with water, snow, and ice, and purify him of sin as a white robe is purified of filth. Exchange his home for a better home, and his family for a better family, and his spouse for a better spouse. Admit him into the Garden, protect him from the punishment of the grave and the torment of the Fire.” “O Allaah, so-and-so is under Your care and protection so protect him from the trial of the grave and torment of the Fire. Indeed You are faithful and truthful. Forgive and have mercy upon him, surely You are The Oft-Forgiving, The Most-Merciful.”
Afterwards, those performing the Prayer over the deceased must say takbir and wait a little then say one taslim, turning their faces to the right. Making up of Funeral Prayer
As for the one who misses a part of the funeral prayer, he should join the prayer performing what is left thereof with the congregation led by the Imam. Then, when the imam ends prayer with taslim, one can perform the part one has missed in the same manner performed in this prayer. However, if one fears that people may carry the coffin and leave immediately after the funeral prayer and thus one misses the funeral procession, one can just say the missing takbirs successively, saying nothing in between, then end the prayer with taslim. On the other hand, if one misses performing the funeral prayer over the deceased before the burial, one can perform it at his grave. As for those who are not present in the town of the deceased and are informed of his death, they are to perform the absent prayer with the intention of performing the funeral prayer over the deceased. As for a stillborn whose age is four months upward, the funeral prayer is to be performed over it; if less, there will be no funeral prayer over it.
If the deceased is a female, the invocation will be thus, “O Allah! Forgive her…,” referring to her in the whole invocation. On the other hand, if the deceased is a child, the invocation will be as follows: “O Allah! Make him a stored treasure, and a preceding reward for his parents. O Allah, through him, make heavy their scales and magnify their reward. Do not deprive us and them of his reward, and do not put us or them to trail after him. O Allah, unite him with the righteous believers from before, place him under the care of Ibrahim, and exchange his home for a better home, his family for a better. O Allah, keep him safe from the trails of the grave and from the torment of the fire.”
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