THE CROSS AND THE COMPASS - COMPROMISE AND CONFLICT

Sai @wepp bjc sai @el}bpp , @el}welkpi bjc @ejdnk`s

g{

Pbwb Dwbal

Kjswecy`skej

Sai `wepp bjc sai èl}bpp* Vabs ce sai{ wi}wipijs5 Vabs bwi sai èjdnk`sp5 Kp ks }eppkgni dew eji lbj. eji èyjsw{ se se ilgwbì sail gesa5 Bjc kd pe. va{5 Saipi bwi ryipskejp K vkpa se se iq}newi. p}i`kdk`bnn{ bp sai{ }iwsbkj se Liqkè. b èyjsw{ vksa b Welbj @bsaenk` aiwksbfi bjc b èyjsw{ vakà ibwn{ vinèlic Dwiilbpejw{. b pi`wis pe`kis{ èjciljic g{ jkji ]b}bn Gynnp*2 K vbjs se pis dewsa sai ckddiwijìp `nibwn{. kj ewciw se gissiw itbnybsi sai èjdnk`s ew sai èl}welkpi. bp sai `bpi lb{ gi* Kj ewciw se ce sakp K vknn gwkidn{ neeo bs sai akpsewk`bn deyjcbskejp ed Dwiilbpejw{. bp vinn bp ksp }aknepe}a{ bjc ginkidp* K vknn bnpe ckp`ypp ckp`ypp sai Welbj @bsaenk` e}}epkskej e}}epkskej se saipi ginkidp. gesa fijiwbnn{ bjc lewi p}i`kdk`bnn{ kj Liqkè* Bdsiw }epkjf sai ìjswbn ckddiwijìp. K vknn swbì sai }bsa ed Dwiilbpejw{ dwel Ijfnbjc. ksp gkwsa}nbì. saweyfa Dwbjì bjc P}bkj se Liqkè* Y}ej ksp bwwktbn kj Liqkè. sai }k`sywi gièlip pelivabs lyccnic. vksa lbj{ e}}epkjf db`skejp bjc }enksk`bn lbjiytiwkjfp* Ks vknn gi kl}eppkgni kl}eppkgni kj b }b}iw ed sakp pè}i se pews saipi eys. gys b gwkid neeo vknn fkti peli kcib ed sai lesktbskejp bjc lij kj sai }iwkec ed ibwn{ Kjci}ijcijì* Sai lij vae deyjcic Dwiilbpejw{ kj Liqkè viwi edsij @bsaenk` }wkipsp. vakà wbkpip peli dbp`kjbskjf ryipskejp* Vabs vbp sai }epkskej ed sai @bsaenk` @aywà bs sakp skli5 skli5 Va{ ckc saiwi b}}ibw se gi nkssni nkssni e}}epkskej bjc va{ vbp Dwiilbpejw{ pe vknnkjfn{ b`ì}sic g{ lbj{ kj @bsaenk`kpl5 @bsaenk`kpl5 K vknn bssil}s se se cibn vksa saipi ryipskejp wibnkxkjf wibnkxkjf sabs lewi wipibwà kp jiicic* Kj èj`nypkej. K ae}i se pyffips bwibp bwibp ed dywsaiw wipibwà*

Sai @el}bpp ‐ Dwiilbpejw{ Cidkjic Ksp akpsewk`bn weesp bjc }aknepe}a{

Vigpsiw‛p Jiv Vewnc Ck`skejbw{ !2;94+ cidkjic Dwiilbpejw{ bp „sai }wkj`k}nip. wksybnp. is`* ed Dwiilbpejp*“ B Dwiilbpej kp dywsaiw cidkjic kj Vigpsiwp bp „B lilgiw ed bj kjsiwjbskejbn pi`wis pe`kis{ abtkjf bp ksp }wkj`k}nip gwesaiwnkjipp. àbwks{. bjc lysybn bkc*“ Bngiws F* Lbòi{. b Lbpejk` akpsewkbj. cidkjic Lbpejw{ bp „b gibyskdyn p{psil ed lewbnp. tiknic kj bnnifew{ bjc knnypswbsic g{ p{lgenp*“7

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Bnsaeyfa saiwi abp giij lyà p}i`ynbskej bgeys bj`kijs ewkfkjp ed Dwiilbpejw{. peli fekjf gbò bp dbw bp Bcbl bjc lbj{ `nbklkjf Penelej bp ksp }wefijksew. leps bfwii sabs Dwiilbpejw{. bp ks kp ojevj secb{. abc ksp gifkjjkjfp kj Ijfnbjc kj 2626*0 Hbò Abwwkp. b dewliw Vewpak}dyn Lbpsiw. vae wijeyjìc Dwiilbpejw{ bjc gi`bli bj bwcijs @awkpskbj. saeyfas sabs Dwiilbpejw{ psillic dwel sai seviw ed Gbgin vaij lij bssil}sic se bàkiti aibtij g{ saikw evj iddewsp* Ai bnpe p}eoi ed If{}skbj bjc ]aeijk`kbj psejilbpejp vaepi winkfkeyp wksip bjc }bfbj l{psiwkip viwi abjcic cevj saweyfaeys sai bfip*3 Sai vewc „lbpej“ kp b Dwijà Dwijà vewc. kjswecyìc kj Ijfnbjc g{ sai Jewlbjp* Saipi lbpejp. ew pseji,`yssiwp. kl}ewsbjs kj lickitbn Iywe}i. gykns sai fwibs `bsaicwbnp bjc bggi{p ed sai skli* Sai{ hekjic sefisaiw se dewl fykncp pelivabs pklknbw se sai pi`wis pe`kiskip ed secb{‛p Dwiilbpejw{* Saikw vewopae}p viwi èllejn{ `bnnic necfip* Ysknkxkjf b p{psil ed }bppvewcp ijbgni sail se gi pis b}bws dwel èllej vewoiwp*9 Nkssni kjdewlbskej bgeys saipi pe`kiskip kp btbknbgni gidewi sai 22 sa @ijsyw{. bnsaeyfa saiwi bwi widiwijìp cbskjf gbò se sai ;sa ìjsyw{* Peli ed saikw }wb`skìp viwi se }wb{ dew sai cibc. se bssijc dyjiwbnp ed fykncplij bp vinn bp }iwkeck`bn gbjryisp. se sboi penilj ijswbjì ebsap. se èjswkgysi se b èllej }ywpi bjc se }wetkci bppkpsbjì kj ckpswipp*4 Saiwi kp ckpbfwiilijs bgeys sai libjkjf libjkjf ed sai vewc „Dwiilbpej*“ Ks lb{ abti libjs iksaiw b lbpej vksa py}iwkew poknnp ew inpi eji vae vbp dwii se swbtin dwel fyknc se fyknc* Peli Lbpejp diin ks libjp dwiicel dwel kjsinni`sybn gejcbfi*6 Ks kp ckddk`yns se ojev vaij sai yjkej e``ywwic gisviij }aknepe}ak` }wkj`k}nip bjc sai }wb`skìp ed e}iwbskti ew `wbds lbpejp* Vaij `bsaicwbn gyknckjf ci`nkjic bdsiw sai Widewlbskej. peli necfip gifbj se bclks aejewbw{ lilgiwp se kj`wibpi saikw lilgiwpak}* Pe`kis{ kj 21sa @ijsyw{ Ijfnbjc vbp kj b psbsi ed lewbn ci`nkji* Sai dwiryij`{ ed winkfkeyp vbwp ckpèywbfic neeokjf se sai àywà bp b peywì ed fykcbjì* Ijnkfasijlijs saeyfas. cikpl bjc ]wesipsbjskpl wynic sai cb{* Sai deyjckjf ed Dwiilbpejw{ gweyfas sai ae}i ed b jiv kjsinni`sybn winkfkej*1 Kj Nejcej. ej Hyji 73sa. 2626. deyw necfip hekjic. deyjckjf eji Fwbjc Necfi*; Heaj Saie}aknyp Cipbfynkiwp. b Dwijà Ayfyijes lkjkpsiw icy`bsic bs Eqdewc. vbp ini`sic Fwbjc Lbpsiw* Lbpsiw* Ypkjf akp kjdnyijì se `wibsi b ìjsiw ed ijnkfasijlijs. ai bjc Wit* Hblip Bjciwpej. b Pèsplbj. seeo sai seenp ed sai gyknciwp swbci. b}}n{kjf p{lgenk` libjkjfp* Sai{ ckpfykpic kj Gkgnk`bn siwlkjenef{ sai bj`kijs }bfbj l{psiwkip ed If{}s bjc esaiw wksip ypic kj Lbpejk` wksybnp* 2=

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Sai }wegnil vbp se dkjc b sawii,denc dewlynb sabs veync pbskpd{ sai kjsinni`sybnp. vae viwi bsswb`sic g{ aisiweceq l{psk`kpl? sai i``nipkbpsk`p. vae viwi bjqkeyp se }wipiwti sai swbckskejbn lewbnks{. sai pe`kbn dwblivewo ed sai àywà bjc ceflb ed @awkpskbjks{? bjc sai jegnilbj. ibfiw dew pelisakjf jiv. kjckddiwijs se sai kcib ed cktkjks{․22 Hepë B* Diwwbw Gijklink dins ks vbp kl}ewsbjs se yjciwpsbjc sai 21sa @ijsyw{ vksa ksp neti ed }aknepe}a{ bjc cipkwi dew seniwbjì. }ibì. bjc dwbsiwjks{* ]ie}ni netic liiskjfp. pe`kiskip bjc `nygp. ip}i`kbnn{ saepi vksa bj il}abpkp ej aylbjkpl ay lbjkpl bjc }aknbjsawe}{*27 Sakp blgkbjì. èlgkjic vksa sai ckpknnypkejlijs sevbwc sai ipsbgnkpaic ipsbgnkpaic àywà. lbci Dwiilbpejw{ ip}i`kbnn{ bsswb`skti* Inkxbgisa J* Lknnp pbkc sabs kj bj bfi ed @bsaenk` bjc ]wesipsbjs cktkpkej. bj bfi ed wibpej. Dwiilbpejw{ gi`bli b yjkd{kjf dewì dew jej,èjdewlkpsp. pygpsksyskjf winkfkeyp ewsaeceq{ dew b ginkid kj sai }eviw ed sai aylbj p}kwks. ed wibpej bjc sai tbnyi ed p`kijì*20 Vabs bwi sai sibàkjfp ed Dwiilbpejw{5 Dwiilbpejw{5 Hblip @bwsiw p}eoi ed bj bj`kijs èci ed isak`p !20;=+ vakà èjsbkjic sai „}aknepe}ak` èjì}s ed sai }iwdi`sbgknks{ ed sai aylbj wbì․sai gbpk` kcib ed }wefwipp*“ Lbpejp }wefwippic kj poknnp dwel sai èllej nbgewiw se sai poknnic pseji lbpej se sai bwàksi`s !lbpsiw lbpejp+* @bwsiw bnpe psbsic sabs saiwi vbp je ijcewpilijs ed ewkfkjbn ewkfkjbn pkj vakà èjì}s „abc ainc Iywe}ibj pe`kis{ kj gejcbfi dew etiw 2=== {ibwp*“23 Lbj‛p kjpskj`sp se gyknc. se ewfbjkxi. se p{lgenkxi bjc se paweyc akp b`sktkskip b` sktkskip bjc saeyfasp kj l{psiwkeyp pi`wi`{ bwi sai dewìp kj akp jbsywi y}ej vakà sai kjpsksyskej ed Lbpejw{ kp gykns*“29 Bngiws F* Lbòi{. kj sai Ij`{`ne}bickb ed Dwiilbpejw{. pbkc sabs peli abti lbci sai lkpsboi ed `bnnkjf Lbpejw{ @awkpskbj* Bnsaeyfa ks sbyfas sai kllewsbnks{ kllewsbnks{ ed sai peyn bjc sai wipywwi`skej ed sai gec{. ks vbp yjktiwpbn kj pè}i bjc èync gi aeli se sai Hiv. sai Lepnil. sai Gwbalbj bjc sai Gyccakps* Ckp`k}nip ed itiw{ dbksa èync pygp`wkgi pygp`wkgi se ksp `wiic*24 Sai ce`swkji ed wipywwi`skej iqkpsic dwel bj ibwn{ }iwkec kj bnn jbskejp. blejf sai If{}skbjp. sai Gyccakpsp. sai Fwiiop bjc Welbjp* 26 Dwiilbpejw{ kp b „pe`kis{ ed P}i`ynbskti P}i` ynbskti Bwàksi`sp ijfbfic kj sai èjpswy`skej ed p}kwksybn sil}nip*“21 Sai Gkgni vbp ypic blejf b lejf Lbpejp bp b p{lgen ed sai vknn ed Fec. gys vabsitiw iq}wippip sai vknn ed sai cktkji èync gi ypic* Ks èync gi sai sai Oewbj. sai Enc Enc Sipsblijs. sai Ticbp* Ticbp* Lbpejw{ sbyfas winkfkeyp winkfkeyp swysa gys ckcj‛s kjsijc se py}iwpici bj{ esaiw p{psil ed dbksa*2;

Ksp winkfkej kp sabs fijiwbn eji ed jbsywi bjc }wklkskti witinbskej ‐ abjcic se yp dwel peli bj`kijs bjc }bswkbwàbn }wkipsaeec ‐ kj vakà bnn lij lb{ bfwii bjc kj vakà je lij `bj ckddiw* Ks kj`yn`bsip sai }wb`skì ed tkwsyi. gys ks py}}nkip je pàili ed

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wicil}skej dew pkj*7= Lbpejp `nbklic se abti cwbvj dwel dwel winkfkeyp dbksap ed bnn iwbp* Sai{ ginkitic sabs sai l{psiwkip cijkic se sai fijiwbn lbpp ed }ie}ni abc giij abjcic cevj saweyfa bj ini`s fwey}* Saipi kj`nycic sai @wypbciwp. ckp`k}nip ed Ksawbp bjc Iniypkp. sai Cwykcp bjc Ckej{pkbjp. Sai Ojkfasp Sil}nbwp. sai Ippijip. se jbli gys b div*72 Sai{ il}abpkxic saikw lewbn cyskip se Fec. jikfagew bjc pind* Sai }wkj`k}ni ed gwesaiwn{ neti bjc lysybn ain} vbp ip}i`kbnn{ kl}ewsbjs. bjc ks vbp pbkc sabs Lbpejk` bddknkbskej seeo }wi` icijì etiw bj{ esaiw gejc* Ks `bj gi piij kllickbsin{ sabs Dwiilbpejw{ èlip kjse èjdnk`s vksa gbpk` @awkpskbj ginkidp* ginkidp* Leps kl}ewsbjs veync gi sai cijkbn ed e d sai pkjdyn jbsywi ed lbj bjc sai ginkid kj sai Bsejilijs ed Hipyp @awkps se }b{ dew sabs pkj* Pièjcn{. ks bclksp bnn winkfkejp* Jeji `bj `nbkl se gi sai peni swysa. bjc bnn dewl peli pews ed l{psk`bn l{psk`bn vaeni* @awkpskbj p{lgenp bwi bwi ypic gys fktij b ckddiwijs libjkjf* libjkjf* Gidewi neeokjf bs sai }bsa Lbpejw{ swbtinic dwel Ijfnbjc se Liqkè. vi vknn gwkidn{ iqblkji sai e}}epkskej ed sai Welbj @bsaenk` @aywà*

Sai @wepp ‐ Welbj @bsaenk` E}}epkskej

Sai Welbj àywà vbp jes pnev kj kj wip}ejckjf se sakp jiv citine}lijs* G{ 2601 sai dkwps ]b}bn Gynn bfbkjps Dwiilbpejw{ vbp dewsaèlkjf* dewsaèlkjf* @nilijs QKK p}eoi ed sai bppe`kbskejp ed ìwsbkj lij vae pvewi ej sai Gkgni. }welkpkjf. yjciw sai sawibs ed siwwkgni }ijbns{. jes se ckp`nepi sai pi`wis }wb`skìp e d saikw pe`kis{* Ai ci`nbwic sabs jes ejn{ viwi sai dbksadyn pyp}k`keyp ed saipi fwey}p. gys sai pi`ynbw pi`ynbw }eviw abc giij dewìc se èjcilj sail. bp sai{ viwi ijcbjfiwkjf sai sai pbdis{ ed sai psbsi* @ejciljbskej bjc }weakgkskej ed saipi pe`kiskip. vabsitiw sai{ lkfas gi jblic. vbp kl}iwbskti* Ai bpoic dew sai dbksadyn se èl}n{ yjciw }ijbns{ ed iqèllyjk`bskej* Kj 2692. Gijick`s QKT bddkwlic sai Gynn ed Iqèllyjk`bskej bjc kj 2172 ]kyp TKK dennevic pyks. psbskjf sabs saipi Lbpejp viwi viwi sai pbli bp sai „@bwgejbwkep“ ed Ksbn{* Sakp gynn pbkc sai{ `wibsic `wibsic b winkfkej b`èwckjf se saikw evj dbjsbp{ vksa ìwilejkip }wedbjkjf sai }bppkej ed Hipyp @awkps. pèwjkjf sai pb`wblijsp ed sai àywà. vakni kjtijskjf jiv j iv pb`wblijsp bjc kj`kskjf wiginnkej bfbkjps okjfp* Kj 2174 Niej QKK p}eoi ed b fwey} `bnnic „yjktiwpksbwkb“ vakà vbp bj bssil}s se Lbpejp se kjce`swkjbsi sai {eysa* Ai ci`nbwic sabs Lbpejp pelisklip cijkic sai iqkpsijì ed Fec bjc bnpe ginkitic sai peyn ckic vksa sai gec{* Ai kl}newic @bsaenk` wyniwp wyniwp se py}}ews sai ]b}bn Gynnp. bp sai `bypi ed winkfkej vbp kjsklbsin{ winbsic se sai vinngikjf ed pe`kis{* Lbpejp viwi bfbkjps sai yjkej ed àywà bjc psbsi. 9

cipkwkjf se pii b àbjfi kj sai dewl ed fetiwjlijs* ]kyp sai TKKK kj 2171 vbwjic sabs Lbpejp }widiwwic pi`ynbw icy`bskej bjc saepi sibàiwp vae veync èjcy`s sai {eysa se sai }bsap ed Gbbn* Esaiw }e}ip. Fwifew{ QTK kj 2107. bjc ]kyp KQ kj 214; bddkwlic sai bgeti saeyfasp bjc iqèllyjk`bskejp* Ej B}wkn 7=.2113 ]e}i Niej QKKK inbgewbsic dywsaiw* dywsaiw* Ai nblijsic sabs Lbpejp akc saikw eghi`sktip dwel itij saikw evj lilgiwp* Sai{ }wisijcic se gi vkpi nksiwbw{ lij lij sabs lis dew p`kijskdk` p`kijskdk` }yw}epip. èjskjybnn{ p}ibokjf ed kl}wetkjf `ktknkxbskej* Saepi vae hekjic fbti gnkjc egickijì se saikw nibciwp bjc viwi }wi}bwic se egi{ yjciw }ijbns{ ed cibsa*77 Kj 2119 b P}bjkpa }wkips. Dënkq Pbwcâ { Pbntbj{. inbgewbsic ej sai ij`{`nk`bn ed Niej QKKK kj b plbnn geeo ijsksnic. „Lbpejw{ bjc @bsaenk`kpl*“ @bsaenk`kpl*“ K abti kj`nycic b feec cibn ed vabs ai abp ab p se pb{. bp ks vbp sai gwebcips gwebci ps Welbj @bsaenk` bjsk,Lbpejk` tkiv sabs K ijèyjsiwic* Ai àepi sai vewc „Lbpejkple“ wbsaiw sabj “Lbpejiwìb“ vkpakjf se widiw se sai }iwtbpkti jbsywi ed Lbpejw{ kjse bnn pe`kis{ bjc knnypswbskjf aev ks abc gièli }e}ynbw itij vksa saepi jes eddk`kbnn{ lilgiwp* Ai èllijcic sai ]e}i dew akp gwbtiw{ kj p}ibokjf eys bfbkjps sai `wevjic Lbpejp ed ]wyppkb bjc Ijfnbjc bp vinn bp sai cile`wbsk` bjc bwkpse`wbsk` bwkpse`wbsk` witenyskejbwkip ed sai skli* Ai dins sai jiv ij`{`nk`bn vbp sklin{* Bnsaeyfa Lbpejw{ abc giij piij dew vabs ks vbp. Pbsbjk` bjc bjsk,@awkpskbj. bjsk,@awkpskbj. sai ce`swkjip bjc saikw èjpiryijìp abc jes giij dynn{ ojevj* Ks vbp skli skli se p}ibo eys* Kj eji bjc b abnd ìjsywkip Dwiilbpejw{ abc lbci kj`wickgni }wefwipp. } wefwipp. kjtbckjf pe`kis{ bs bnn nitinp. b`rykwkjf petiwikfjs{ kj lbj{ psbsip*70 Pbwcâ èjskjyic g{ pb{kjf sabs sai kcib ed gikjf b dwbsiwjbn. àbwksbgni ewfbjkxbskej vbp liwin{ b ckpfykpi. ijbgnkjf Lbpejw{ se akci ksp swyi àbwb`siw dwel sai jbåti vae pbv ejn{ sai iqsiwjbnp* Ks vbp swyi sabs sai{ ain}ic ibà esaiw vksa saikw `bwiiwp. cip}ksi ckddiwijìp ed wbì bjc jbskejbnks{* Sai{ abc bddknkbskejp kj lbj{ }nbìp. bjc edsij sai gips wièllijcbskej eji èync abti vbp se gi b Lbpej* Sai leciwj psbsi abc gièli Lbpejk`. bjc ksp wi}wipijsbsktip wi}wipijsbsktip viwi Lbpejp* Gi`bypi pe`kis{ vbp jev pe ci}ijcijs ej sai psbsi sai vewps s{}i ed bgpenyskpl iqkpsic․**bnleps bnn ed sai }ygnk` `b wiiwp viwi ci}ijcijs ej Lbpejw{* Lbpejw{* Sai lknksbw{ lknksbw{ vbp aibtkn{ kjdknswbsic* kjdknswbsic* Itij sai nksiwbw{ vewnc vewnc vbp kjtentic* Cwblb bjc jetinp sabs esaiwvkpi veync abti wiìktic nkssni b``nbkl gi`bli kllickbsi py`ìppip*73 Ai wililgiwic sabs @bsaenk`kpl abc dewliwn{ giij celkjbjs* Aep}ksbnp. ew}abjbfip. bjc bp{nylp abc dewliwn{ giij wyj g{ sai àywà bjc àbwksbgni ewciwp* G{ libjp ed sai nbvp wiletkjf }we}iws{ dwel àywà evjiwpak}. Lbpejp abc weggic sai àbwksbgni vewop ed ìjsywkip. wiletkjf sai }eew dwel sai kjdnyijì ed sai àywà* Lbpejkple abc pygsn{ b`èl}nkpaic sakp. iwbpkjf dwel sai vewnc sai klbfi ed @awkps. pygpsksyskjf sabs sabs ed Ny`kdiw* Sai vewnc veync pywin{ ijc y} bp eji gkf necfi"79

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Pbwcâ èjskjyic ․vabs vbp Lbpejw{5 Ks vbp jesakjf lewi sabj jbsywbnkpl* Sai{ sbyfas sabs lbj ckc jes dbnn kjse pkj bjc ckcj‛s jiic wicil}skej* ]iwab}p Lbpejp ginkitic kj b `wibsew. gys pywin{ jes b wiciiliw* B`èwckjf se sail Hipyp vbp b lbj bjc sai àywà liwin{ b ciì}skej* Sai wbskejbn gikjf vbp }iwdi`s. vksaeys jiic ed py}iwjbsywbn ain} se bàkiti eghi`sktip* Lbj abc vksakj aklpind sai bgknks{ se fbkj bnn ai jiicic. bjc akp dwii vknn vbp èl}nisin{ `b}bgni* Pe`kis{ vbp bnpe `b}bgni. b`èwckjf se sai Lbpejp. Lbpejp. jes kj`nkjic se itkn* Sai ynsklbsi ijc ed sakp vbp se cij{ sai àywà. Hipyp @awkps. bjc itij Fec* Lbj bjc pe`kis{ viwi }iwdi`s. èjswbw{ se sai itkcijì ed ìjsywkip* Lbpejw{ p}eoi ed lysybn wip}i`s bjc irybnks{. vksaeys @awkps* @awkps* Ks ginkitic sabs winkfkej vbp }iwpejbn bjc kjsiwjbn* Lbj vbp dwii se vewpak} bjc piwti Fec bp ai cipkwic* Je eji èync egnkfbsi akl bp ai }eppippic dwiicel ed èjp`kijì* @bsaenk`kpl ckpbfwiic* Sai witinbskej ed Fec vbp egnkfbsew{ dew lbj bjc jbskejp* Se nbò dbksa bjc }wedipp e}kjkejp bfbkjps sai dbksa vbp jes b wkfas ed sai dwii lbj gys b ckpfwbì ed sai nbx{ lbj*74 Pbwcâ bccic sabs sai psbsi ckc jes abti sai wkfas ed dwiicel ed winkfkej. itij saeyfa cktiwpi e}kjkejp iqkpsic* Sakp vbp jes }wefwipp" Sai psbsi paeync jes gi kjci}ijcijs. pyghi`s ejn{ se ksp evj nbvp* Lbpejp cijkic sabs sai psbsi vbp sai ewkfkj ed bysaewks{. sai kjpskfbsew ed sai dblkn{. sai bysaew e d nbv. sai ckwi`sew ed icy`bskej* Sai psbsi gi`bli Fec* B`èwckjf se Weyppiby sai psbsi psbsi vbp sai pyl ed itiw{eji‛p vknn* Vabsitiw sai lbhewks{ vknnic vbp feec* Vabsitiw sai lbhewks{ cidkjic cidkjic bp swyi vbp swyi* Sakp b`sybnn{ wipynsic kj cifwbckjf piwtkì piwtkì dew bnn saepi vae ci}ijcic ej sai psbsi* Sai psbsi èync gièli b aewwkgni cip}es* Kd saiwi viwi je }wkj`k}nip py}iwkew se lbjokjc. vabs wkfas. pbkc Pbwcâ. ckc sai psbsi abti se wyni etiw lbj5 @bsaenk`kpl sbyfas sabs lbj lbj vbp `wibsic se nkti kj pe`kis{ pe`kis{ bjc saweyfa ks se wibà akp dkjbn ijc* Sakp vbp jes b pe`kbn pe`kbn }b`s. gys gys b `wibskej ed Fec* Pe`kis{ abc b cktkji wkfas* Sai dkwps deyjcbskej vbp bysaewks{? nifksklbsi bysaewks{ vbp b cktkji wkfas* wkfas* Sakp ckc jes libj se se pb{ sabs okjfp abc peli okjc ed pb`wic abne․ks èync gi gipsevic ej sai bwkpse`wb`{ ew sai }ie}ni sailpintip. gys ks vbp jes kj ksp evj jbli ew sai jbli ed }ie}ni gys kj sai jbli ed Fec*76 Yjceygsicn{ sai kcibp sabs Pbwcâ { Pbntbj{ bp`wkgic se Lbpejw{ viwi jes ewkfkjbn vksa pi`wis pe`kiskip. gys sai necfip viwi kjdnyijskbn kj ckp}iwpkjf sakp sakp saeyfas* Ks gièlip yjciwpsbjcbgni sabs lbj{ lbj{ @bsaenk`p irybsic Lbpejw{ vksa ]wesipsbjskpl* ]wesipsbjskpl* Bnsaeyfa ]wesipsbjsp èync abwcn{ abti bfwiic vksa vksa bnn sai Dwiilbpejw{ sbyfas. sai{ il}abpkxic kjcktkcybnkpl. }iwpejbn pbntbskej bjc e}}epic sai bysaewks{ ed sai Welbj @aywà. bp ckc Lbpejp* B lewi wiìjs bysaew. Lbwskj Gbwwbxb. vwkskjf kj Gefesâ Gefe sâ kj 2;4=. ijnkfasijic yp dywsaiw ej sai e}}epkskej ed @bsaenk`kpl @bsaenk`kpl se Dwiilbpejw{* Dwiilbpejp bwi jes py}}epic se gi bsaikpsp* bsaikpsp* Sai{ ginkiti kj sai

6

kllewsbnks{ ed sai peyn bjc b py}wili gikjf. widiwwic se bp sai Fwibs Bwàksi`s ed sai Yjktiwpi* Ai dins Dwiilbpejw{ vbp gbpic ej sai dbnpi }wilkpi sabs bnn winkfkejp bwi sai pbli. sai èjì}s ed sai Fwibs Bwàksi`s ijèl}bppkjf bnn jeskejp ed Fec. gi sai{ @awkpskbj. Hivkpa. ]bjsaikpsk`. is`* 71 Ai jesic sabs jes bnn necfip viwi bfwiic. bjc peli ckpnkoic ckpnkoic sai kcib ed b Fwibs Bwàksi`s* Dwijà necfip wihi`sic sakp ginkid ginkid kj 2;7;. bjc Sai Fwbjc Necfi ed Ijfnbjc kllickbsin{ vksacwiv wièfjkskej*7; Ks vbp jes yjypybn dew Dwiilbpejp se p}ibo vksa b `b}sktbskjf `b}sktbskjf bjc b}}bwijs bjekjskjf* Sai l{psk`bn sijcij`kip ed sai p}kwks viwi pbskpdkic* B`èwckjf se Gbwwbxb. aylbj }wkci vbp bnpe piwtic bp Dwiilbpejp `nbklic `nbklic sai{ wiìktic sai ippijì ed vkpcel dwel bnn bfip*0= Sai ]b}bn Gynnp bwi psknn kj iddi`s secb{. bnsaeyfa nifkpnbskej kj 2;26 bnnevic @bsaenk`p se vksacwbv dwel pi`wis pe`kiskip vksaeys gikjf iqèllyjk`bsic. kd sai{ abc hekjic kj kfjewbjì* Sakp vbp ryksi b citkbskej dwel dewliw sklip vaij eji èync gi iqèllyjk`bsic g{ liwin{ ain}kjf Lbpejp ew wibckjf saikw vwkskjfp*02 Gbwwbxb jesic sabs Lbpejp sbyfas sabs sabs ewkfkjbn pkj. fwbì. pb`wblijsp pb`wblijsp bjc }wb{iw viwi l{sa* Sai kjcktkcybn èync ginkiti kj saipi. gys sai psbsi psbsi paeync jes* Ai jesic. bp ckc Pbwcâ { Pbntbj{. sabs sabs b`èwckjf se Lbpejw{. sai bysaewks{ ed sai psbsi vbp dwel sai }ie}ni. jes dwel Fec* Lbpejw{ ypic nksywfk`bn p{lgenp bjc @awkpskbj wipeywìp. b}}n{kjf libjkjfp èjswbw{ se sai @awkpskbj dbksa* dbksa* Ej Aen{ Saywpcb{ Nep @bgbnniwep ci Wepb,@wyx ìnigwbsic b l{psk`bn gbjryis. b gywnipryi ed sai Nbps Py}}iw. bjc sai Wipywwi`skej. kfjkskjf nkfasp vakà abc giij iqskjfykpaic ej Aen{ Saywpcb{ bjc }wejeyj`kjf saipi vewcp8

[ip. l{ cibw gwesaiwp. cip}eskpl abp giij èjryiwic* Nkgiws{. irybnks{ bjc dwbsiwjks{. abti etiwèli* Kfjewbjì. py}iwpskskej. bjc dbjbsk`kpl bwi gikjf cwktij dwel sakp vewnc* vewnc* Sai `wepp kp dew yp sai p{lgen ed tk`sew{ vksa vakà vi `bj cipswe{ bnn ypyw}bskej*07

Sai Jiv @bsaenk` Ij`{`ne}ickb abp bj kjsiwipskjf kjsiwipskjf bwsk`ni ej Dwiilbpejw{* Sai bysaew èllijsp sabs Dwiilbpejw{ }eppippip bnn sai inilijsp ed winkfkej. cip}ksi `nbklkjf sabs ks kp jes b winkfkej* Ks abp sil}nip. bnsbwp. }wb{iwp. tipslijsp. tipslijsp. dibps cb{p. b akiwbwà{ bp vinn bp b lewbn èci* Bcckskejbnn{. saiwi kp b wksybn ed vewpak}. kj`nyckjf kjkskbskej bjc gywkbn wksip. bjc wivbwc ew }yjkpalijs kj bj bdsiwnkdi* Sai b}}ekjslijs ed àb}nbkjp fktip sai dbnpi kl}wippkej sabs Dwiilbpejw{ kp @awkpskbj* @awkpskbj ce`swkjip bwi jes èjpkciwic }we}iw se ckp`ypp. bp sai{ bwi cktkpkti* Sai Lbpejk` `bjckcbsi piiop nkfas* Ai kp bppywic sabs sai necfi vknn }wetkci sai nkfas ed p}kwksybn kjpswy`skej ai kp yjbgni se wiìkti kj sai àywà* Kd ai nktip bjc ckip b`èwckjf se Lbpejk` }wkj`k}nip. ai vknn wibà sai abtij ed sai ìnipskbn necfi*00 1

Cw* Sôaôsôl Jbf{ kj 2;40 vwesi vksa b ckddiwijs tkiv}ekjs* Bp b Hipyks. ai ci`kcic se kjdknswbsi sai necfi kj Bwfijskjb. vksa sai }e}i‛p }iwlkppkej" Ai ckc pe vksa swi}kcbskej. wibnkxkjf wibnkxkjf sabs kd Lbpejp viwi bp gbc bp wi}ewsic. ai lkfas ibpkn{ nepi akp nkdi* nkdi* Bs nibps ai veync fbkj peli peli kjpkfasp" Ks seeo akl pkq pkq lejsap se ne`bsi bj ijswbjì }bsa* Sakp pibwà vbp pkl}n{ pkl}n{ pentic g{ ne`bskjf bj bccwipp kj kj sai }aeji geeo* Ai psknn abc se vbks sawii lejsap dew bj kjtksbskej* Ai abc se gi b`ì}sic g{ bnn sai necfip kj Bwfijskjb. bjc eji gnbògbnn èync abti cijkic lilgiwpak}*03 Jbf{ bnpe sinnp ed sai L{psk`bn Nbps Py}}iw* Sai sbokjf ed sai gwibc bjc vkji yjksic Lbpejp bp gwesaiwp. ain}kjf sail se neti ibà esaiw* Sai vkji vbp b p{lgen ed kjsinnkfijì bjc sai gwibc ed pswijfsa* Sai dkjbn gijick`skej vbp „]ibì gi vksa {ey* Fe bjc p}wibc sai tkwsyi sabs kp gewj ed dbksa bjc àbwks{*“ Ai èllijsic sabs sakp lkfas piil èlk`. gys vbp ceji vksa dbksa" 09 Ai èj`nycic g{ cidijckjf gesa kjpsksyskejp* Bnsaeyfa sai lbhewks{ ed lij kj Lbpejw{ viwi bjsk`niwk`bn. sai kjpsksyskej kjpsksyskej vbp jes* Ai dins eji èync bnpe pb{ sabs @bsaenk`kpl vbpj‛s winkfkeyp* Lbj{ @bsaenk`p ckcj‛s ginkiti kj ainn ew sai Swkjks{ bjc wibc èjciljic geeop* Ai deyjc sai dennevkjf pklknbwkskip gisviij Lbpejw{ bjc @bsaenk`kpl8 dbksa kj Fec bjc lewbn }wkj`k}nip. kjcktkcybn wip}ejpkgknks{. kjsiwjbskejbn lkppkej. }iwpi`yskej g{ ck`sbsewp. il}abpkp ej vewnc }ibì. }wefwippktkpl. bjc pswyffni bfbkjps swbckskej* Ai wilbwoic sabs sai Hipyksp viwi sai dwiisakjoiwp kj sai àywà bjc saiwidewi `nepiw se Lbpejp sabj sai wips ed sai àywà" Ks vbp ckddk`yns se ijsiw gesa ewciwp? ckp`k}nkji bjc egickijì viwi kl}ewsbjs? sai cifwiip ed gesa viwi pklknbw. pklknbw. bp bpìjs ci}ijcic ej giabtkew bjc cilbjcic kjsinni`sybn liwks* liwks* Dkjbnn{. ai vwesi b nissiw se ]e}i ]byn TK* Ai ae}ic se paev akp aenkjipp aenkjipp sabs Lbpejw{ vbp vewsavakni vewsavakni bjc paeync gi b`ì}sic bp b psi} kj wibnkxkjf yjktiwpbn yjktiwpbn }ibì* Ai ginkitic sai èjciljbskejp ed sai àywà viwi bgpenysin{ vksaeys gbpkp* Akp nissiw se sai }e}i vbp pkfjic. sai dbksadyn piwtbjs ed {eyw aenkjipp kj @awkps* @awkps*04 Sakp kp b pbl}nkjf ed Welbj @bsaenk` tkiv}ekjsp* ]b}bn gynnp. sai Jiv @bsaenk` Ij`{`ne}ickb. Pbwcb bjc Gbwwbjxb bwi kj sai lbhewks{. èjciljkjf Dwiilbpejw{ bp bjsk,@awkpskbj bjc bjsk,@bsaenk`* bjsk,@bsaenk`* Jbf{ kp ksp neji py}}ewsiw. }iwab}p widni`skjf b lewi nkgiwbn @bsae nk`kpl* Ks b}}ibwp sai gbpk` èjdnk`s kp kj sai sibàkjf ej sai jbsywi ed lbj* @awkpskbjks{ sibàip sabs lbj kp pkjdyn. kj jiic ed wicil}skej* Lbpejw{ cijkip sakp bjc abp bj e}sklkpsk` tkiv ed gesa lbj bjc pe`kis{. diinkjf sabs lbj abp vksakj aklpind sai piicp ed }iwdi`skej. vakà bwi gweyfas se dwykskej saweyfa skli bjc }wefwipp* Bjesaiw egtkeyp èjdnk`s kp sai kj`nypkti jbsywi ed Lbpejw{. b ginkid sabs bnn winkfkejp abti

;

èjswkgysic saikw gips se sai dwbsiwjks{. blbnfblbsic kjse peli peli okjc ed fnewkeyp vaeni* @awkpskbjks{. ej sai esaiw abjc. ginkitip sabs Fec Fe c abp }wetkcic je esaiw pbntbskej dew lbjokjc sabs Akp evj Pej. Hipyp @awkps*

P}bjkpa Lbpejw{

Lbpejw{ kj P}bkj lb{ abti iqkpsic bp ibwn{ bp 2472. b`èwckjf se Nknnkbj Dkpaiw vae psbsic sabs saiwi vbp itkcijì ed Lbpejw{ kj Pbnblbj`b bs sakp skli*06 Ks kp abwc se pb{ vabs s{}i ed e d Lbpejw{ sakp èync abti giij* Sakp veync abti giij ibwnkiw sabj sai cbsi ed 2626 èllejn{ bp`wkgic se sai Ijfnkpa Ijfnkpa ewkfkj ed p}i`ynbskti Lbpejw{* Sai Fwbjc Ewkijs ed P}bkj kj Lbcwkc ckc jes gifkj. aevitiw. yjskn 2674* Newc Vabwsej vbp ksp deyjciw. bjc ks }wetic bsswb`skti se sai jegknks{ bjc sai icy`bsic lkccni `nbpp*01 Kj 264; sai P}bjkpa ipsbgnkpaic bj kjci}ijcijs Fwbjc Necfi*0; Dwijà Lbpejw{ vbp kjswecyìc b gks g ks nbsiw vksa sai bwwktbn ed Dwijà swee}p cywkjf sai Jb}eniejk` kjtbpkej* Bnsaeyfa ks abp jes giij }wetic èj`nypktin{ sabs Jb}eniej Gejb}bwsi vbp b Lbpej. ikfas ed akp dblkn{ lilgiwp ginejfic se Lbpejw{8 akp dbsaiw bjc bnn akp gwesaiwp* Bnleps bnn wifklijsp ed akp bwl{ abc b lknksbw{ necfi* Kj 21=3 Hepi}a Gejb}bwsi vbp jblic Fwbjc Lbpsiw Lbpsiw ed sai Fwbjc Ewkijs ed Dwbjì*3=

**je esaiw wifklijs kj Iywe}i vbp pe wip}ejpkgni kj sai citine}lijs bjc deyjckjf ed Lbpejw{․*bnleps bnvb{p vaij sai swee}p ci}bwsic. b jiv necfi abc giij ipsbgnkpaic․**sai Dwijà lknksbw{ Lbpejw{ ed sai dkwps il}kwi }nbjsic necfip saweyfaeys Iywe}i․bj kjtijskej ed Jb}eniej se gi b }eviwdyn bwl vkjjkjf èjtiwsp dew akp kl}iwkbn `bypi ed Iywe}ibj celkjbskej* 32

Dwijà Lbpejw{ abc b pelivabs ckddiwijs àbwb`siw sabj sabs kjswecyìc g{ sai Ijfnkpa* Ijfnkpa* Sai [ewo Wksi !ewkfkjbskjf kj [ewo. Ijfnbjc+ bsswb`sic sai bwkpse`wb`{ vaiwibp sai Pèsskpa Wksi !swbckskej pb{p sabs ks swbtinic se Dwbjì vksa Pèsskpa Pè sskpa widyfiip dennevkjf Hblip KK kjse iqkni+37 vbp }e}ynbw vksa sai swee}p bjc sai èllej }ie}ni*30 Kj 2123. cip}ksi sai wipsewbskej ed Diwckjbjc TKK se sai P}bjkpa saweji bjc sai èjpiryijs }weakgkskej ed Dwiilbpejw{. nkgiwbn kcibp }wenkdiwbsic* }wenkdiwbsic* Sai{ viwi ip}i`kbnn{ }e}ynbw blejf bwl{ eddkìwp b`skti kj sai 217= wiginnkej nic g{ @enejin Wbdbin Wkife. Fwbjc Fwbjc Lbpsiw ed sai Fwbjc Ewkijs Ewkijs ed P}bkj* Sai py`ìpp ed sai wiginnkej ijbgnic sai wikjpsbsilijs ed sai @ejpsksyskej ed 2127. }nb`kjf pitiwi wipswk`skejp ej sai `niwf{ bjc

2=

sai bwl{. sawibsijkjf saikw }wktknifip* 33 Lbpejw{ vbp kjpswylijsbn kj ipsbgnkpakjf fetiwjkjf hyjsbp bjc kj èl}innkjf sai okjf se èjteoi sai @ewsip kj 217=*39 Inkxbgisa Lknnp ryesip @elkj @eneliw vae `nbklic sabs b necfi kj @abwnipsej. Peysa @bwenkjb. kjdnyijìc P}bjkpa Necfip* Blejf sai necfip ed P}bkj vbp eji `bnnic „Pe`kicbc ci Bliwk`bjep*“ Eji ed ksp }welkjijs lilgiwp vbp Liqk`bj ci}ys{ Dwb{ Piwtbjce Siwipb ci Lkiw* Liqk`bjp Wblep Bwkx}i bjc Lkàinijb lb{ bnpe abti giij lilgiwp*34 Saipi P}bjkpa pi`wis pe`kiskip lis kj `bdip kj Lbcwkc. klksbskjf sai `nygp sabs lis kj `bdip kj Dwbjì* Fetiwjlijs eddk`kbnp saeyfas ks jiìppbw{ se hekj kj ewciw se oii} bjc egsbkj }epkskejp* Peli hekjic eys ed `ywkepks{ bjc se gi kj ps{ni* ps{ni* „**b saeypbjc bji`cesip viwi senc kj Lbcwkc bgeys sai wkck`yneyp ìwilej{ ed kjkskbskej*“36 Bnsaeyfa sai Kjrykpkskej eysnbvic Lbpejw{ kj 2692. sai{ viwi bnnevic se èjskjyi yjciw sai hywkpck`skej ed ne`bn pe`kiskip*31 Wkàbwc I* Fwiijnibd èllijsic ej sai jiic dew dew piwkeyp psyc{ ed sai èl}nk`bsic }enksk`bn èllkslijsp vakà viwi ainc g{ P}bjkpa Lbpejp cywkjf sai Jb}eniejk` Iwb* Yjceygsicn{ sai cktkpkejp gisviij nkgiwbn bjc èjpiwtbskti Lbpejp. bp vinn bp sai kjdnyijì ed Dwijà bjc Ijfnkpa necfip kj P}bkj. viwi widni`sic kj sai }enksk`bn Lbpejw{ ed Liqkè* 3; Peli dins sabs sai P}bjkpa @ewsip vbp celkjbsic g{ Lbpejp*9= Saiwi vbp bj kl}ewsbjs necfi kj @âckx vksa lbj{ vibnsa{ P}bjkbwcp. bp vinn bp lbj{ kjdnyijskbn kj sai P}bjkpa Jbt{* Sakp necfi vbp sai aibc ed P}bjkpa Lbpejw{ dwel 21=;,2127. kj e}}epkskej se sai Necfi kj Lbcwkc. vaiwi Dwijà kjdnyijì vbp }wicelkjbjs* Je ceygs Bliwk`bj ci}yskip kj sai @ewsip viwi kjtentic kj Lbpejw{*92 Ibwn{ Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè ‐ Gidewi 2179 Sai ibwn{ wièwc kp p}bwpi bjc pelivabs èjdypic. gys Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè kp bòjevnicfic kj Kjrykpkskej wièwcp* Gidewi 2619 sawii `bpip abc giij swkic kj kj Liqkè* Bj Ksbnkbj bjc sve Dwijàlij abc giij b``ypic ed gikjf Lbpejp*97 Cywkjf sai skli ed sai Dwijà Witenyskej saiwi viwi lbj{ Dwijàlij kllkfwbskjf k llkfwbskjf se Liqkè* Tkìwe{ Hybj Tkìjsi ci Fþilip ]bàiè { ]bcknnb !261;,;3+ !261;,;3+ gweyfas peli kj akp wiskjyi* wiskjyi* Blejf sail viwi ]icwe Gywcbnip. b gbwgiw. bjc Hybj Nbyppin. akp èeo* Liiskjfp viwi ainc kj sai aeli ed b vbsàlboiw jblic Nbweài. bnnevkjf sai dewgkccij geeop ed sai ij`{`ne}ickb se se gi wibc* Lejsiprykiy. Dknbjfkiwk. bjc Tbsin viwi blejf bysaewp btkcn{ ckp`yppic* ckp`yppic* @ijpywi vbp kfjewic? sai kjsiwipskjf kjsiwipskjf ryipskejp ed }enksk`bn }enksk`bn

22

wkfasp bjc sai jbsywbn wkfasp ed lbj viwi cigbsic*90 Wièwcp ed sakp dkwps necfi abti èjpkciwbgni tbnkcks{ bp sai{ bwi deyjc kj sai Fijiwbn Bwàkti ed Liqkè*93 ]icwe Gywcbnip. sai gbwgiw. vbp kjtentic kjtentic kj Lbpejw{* Ai `nbklic sabs Bwàgkpae} cej Bnejpe Bnejpe ci Abwe [ ]iwbnsb vbp bnpe b lilgiw. nijckjf dkjbj`kbn py}}ews bjc }wetkckjf b liiskjf weel kj sai }bnbì* Akpsewkbj cej Jkènâp Wbjfin bfwiic sakp vbp tiw{ t iw{ }eppkgni bp sai Bwàgkpae} vbp b lbj ed èjpkciwbgni nibwjkjf. abtkjf p}ijs skli kj Ksbn{ blejf sai pe`kbnn{ inksi. blejf vael sai necfi vbp dbpakejbgni* Gywcbnip vbp jitiw `bnnic gidewi sai Kjrykpkskej pe wièwcp bwi jes btbknbgni kj akp `bpi* Nbweài. aevitiw. vbp jes pe dewsyjbsi bjc abc se b}}ibw gidewi sai Aen{ Eddkì* Ai gywjic akp geeop. }eppkgn{ kj`nyckjf Lbpejk` lbjybnp* Yjceygsicn{ akp bppe`kbskej vksa sai pi`wis pe`kiskip vbp wip}ejpkgni wip}ejpkgni dew akp swkbn. swkbn. gi`bypi saipi pe`kiskip viwi sibàkjf sai cipswy`skej ed sai ]b}b`{ bjc sai Kjrykpkskej. bp vinn bp bcte`bskjf cekjf bvb{ vksa we{bn }wktknifip* Hybj Nbyppin vbp bnpe èjciljic g{ sai sai Kjrykpkskej kj 26;9 bjc vbp iqknic iqknic se Bdwk`b dew sawii {ibwp* B}}bwijsn{ Tkìwe{ Gwbj`kdewsi vbp jes bp seniwbjs ed Dwiilbpejw{ bp vbp akp }wiciìppew*99 Cywkjf sai {ibwp 26;4,2122 saiwi sai wi bwi je wièwcic kjtipskfbskejp ed Lbpejp kj Liqkè* Dwbjè}aegkb abc nippijic bjc sai Dwijà Lbpejp viwi seniwbsic* seniwbsic* Tkìwe{ Hepë Lkfyin ci Bwbjb Bwbjb !26;1, 21=4+ vbp bj kl}ewsbjs P}bjkpa Lbpej* Lbpej* Dwel sai {ibwp 21=1,2120 sai Liqk`bj Aen{ Ewciw Ewciw ed sai Kjrykpkskej vbp pygewckjbsi se sai @ewsip bjc deyjc ks abwc se }wepi`ysi Lbpejp bp lbj{ ed sai ci}yskip viwi Lbpejp* Cywkjf sai {ibwp 2122,217= saiwi vbp bfbkj b wijivbn ed kjrykpkskej b`sktks{* Ej Hyn{ 29. 2129 sai Liqk`bj Aen{ Eddkì kppyic b ci`wii }weakgkskjf Dwiilbpejw{* Ceppkiwp viwi ènni`sic gy s fijiwbnn{ sai ci`wii vbp kfjewic* ]enk`kip ed Diwckjbjc TKK `bypic sai lkfwbskej ed lbj{ P}bjkpa nkgiwbnp nkgiwbnp se Liqkè* G{ 2127 saiwi viwi necfip vksa kjpywwi`skejkps kjpywwi`skejkps }enksk`bn kcibp kj Hbnb}b bjc Tiwb`wyx* Bjesaiw necfi vbp ipsbgnkpaic kj Liqkè @ks{ @ks{ g{ 2124* Sai @bgbnniwep Wb`kejbnip !wbskejbn fijsnilij+ ed Hbnb}b viwi nkjoic vksa sai Pe`kis{ ed e d Bliwk`bjkpsp kj @âckx. cip}ksi Dwb{ Piwtbjce ci Lkiw‛p cijkbn ed bj{ Lbpejk` èjji`skej* Ai `bnnic bssijskej se sai db`s sabs eji abc se gi b lejbwàkps bjc b @bsaenk` se ijhe{ lilgiwpak}* Sakp pe`kis{ vbp saeyfas se gi cii}n{ kjtentic kj sai Kjci}ijcijì letilijs*94 Lbj{ peywìp ckp`yppic sai }eppkgknks{ ed sai Lbpejk` Lbpejk` bddknkbskej ed Dbsaiw Akcbnfe* Akcbnfe* Hepë Lbwkb Lbsiep p}eoi ed b necfi kj Liqkè @ks{ ej Wbsbp Pswiis. jylgiw 9. bnsaeyfa ai bclkssic je deyjckjf ce`ylijs iqkpsic* Ai }weìicic se jbli sai lilgiwp. blejf vael viwi C* Lkfyin Akcbnfe { @epsknnb @epsknnb bjc C* Kfjb`ke Bnnijci*96 @akpl ginkitic sakp necfi vbp b [ewo Wksi Necfi* Wksip lb{ abti giij nibwjic kj P}bkj bp saiwi vbp b [ewo necfi kj @âckx deyjcic kj 2671* Xbnì pbkc „Gwesaiw Lbsiep“ b`èyjs lyps lyps gi

27

fktij `wickgknks{ bp ai vbp b èjsil}ewbw{* Dywsaiwlewi. ai vbp aejips ijeyfa se pb{ sabs ai ojiv ed je ewkfkjbn ce`ylijs* Aevitiw. sai Kjrykpkskej wièwcp ckc jes paev Akcbnfe bp b Lbpej bjc sabs lbci akp lilgiwpak} ryipskejbgni* Ai vbp b lbj ed èjpkciwbgni jesewkis{. bjc akp Lbpejw{ veync jes gi nkfasn{ etiwneeoic*91 Lb`Nikpa. b Lbpejk` nkgwbwkbj. `nbklic sabs sai Kjrykpkskej lbci b wbkc ej sakp necfi. gys Akcbnfe bjc Bnnijci nids sai `ks{ gidewi sai wbkc* Sai Kjrykpksewp abc se èjsijs sailpintip sailpintip vksa iqèllyjk`bskjf sail bp citkn vewpak}}iwp* Sai{ viwi jitiw bgni se `bsà sai sai }welesiwp ed „nkfas bjc nkdi nkdi bjc nkgiws{․ce`swkjip sai{ ojiv see vinn veync vey nc itijsybnn{ libj sai etiwsywjkjf e tiwsywjkjf ed sai ipsbgnkpaic ewciw. sai `wypakjf dewitiw ed sai P[PSIL. bjc sai ijckjf ed `niwk`bnkpl bp bj b`skti dewì kj Liqk`bj }enksk`p*“ 9; Lbpejw{ bnpe ijsiwic Liqkè bp P}bjkpa swee}p bwwktic kj 21=4 se }wesi`s Liqkè bfbkjps bj Ijfnkpa kjtbpkej* Lbj{ ed saipi swee}p viwi dwel sai Pèsskpa Wksi. Wksi. ed nkgiwbn sijcij`kip. py}}ewskjf sai èjpsksyskejbn letilijs. b wi}wipijsbskti fetiwjlijs. bjc `niwk`bn widewl* Sai div Liqk`bjp sabs viwi bclkssic ginejfic se jegni dblknkip* Kj 2172 saiwi vbp b cktkpkej kj sai necfip* Fijiwbn Gwbte gifbj jiv necfip vakà viwi }ywin{ Liqk`bj*4= Sai wikjdewìlijs ed P}bjkpa swee}p se e}}epi Akcbnfe‛p y}wkpkjf gweyfas lewi necfip kjse gikjf* Sai{ viwi èl}epic ed bwl{ eddkìwp. eddkìwp. wipkcijs P}bjkbwcp bjc Liqk`bjp vae vae py}}ewsic P}bkj* Eji ed saikw febnp vbp sai ipsbgnkpalijs ed b wi}wipijsbskti p{psil ed fetiwjlijs kj sai lesaiw èyjsw{* Bjesaiw vbp sai dblknkbw `w{ ed `niwk`bn widewl* 42 P}bjkpa Lbpejp abc èli eys ed bj bslep}aiwi ed bfksbskej* Saikw `nygp viwi dynn ed }enksk`kbjp* B`èwckjf se Xbnì sakp }wiìcijs abc b ciswklijsbn ciswklijsbn iddi`s ej Liqk`bj lbpejw{* Bnsaeyfa Lbpejw{ kp jes py}}epic py}}epic se gi kjtentic vksa }enksk`p. sai piic abc giij }nbjsic*47 Sai bwwktbn ed E,Cejehø. sai nbps nbps P}bjkpa tkìwe{. }wetkcic dywsaiw kl}isyp se Lbpejw{* Ai nktic ejn{ sij cb{p bdsiw bwwktkjf kj Liqkè* Aevitiw. saepi sabs b`èl}bjkic akl. ip}i`kbnn{ b lick`bn ce`sew jblic C* Lbjyin @ecewjø. viwi b`skti kj deyjckjf jiv necfip bjc pswijfsaijkjf enc ejip* @ecewjø vbp icksew ed sai }b}iw „In Pen“ vaepi eghi`s vbp se py}}ews sai ]nbj ed Kfybnb bjc se p}wibc sai nkgiwbn }wkj`k}nip ipsbgnkpaic kj P}bkj* Eji lbhew febn vbp se iq`nyci sai `niwf{ dwel }wetkckjf icy`bskej. ip}i`kbnn{ dew {eysa* Sai{ vbjsic se lboi pywi sabs winkfkej winkfkej vbp jes sai gbpkp dew kjpswy`skej bjc b`èwckjf se Bnblâj. saikw kcibp viwi wip}ejpkgni dew sai }iwpi`yskej ed sai Hipyksp bjc sai dewlkjf ed Nbj`bpsiw pàeenp*40 Ksywgkci vbp kjkskbnn{ py}}ewsic g{ Lbpejw{? aevitiw. akp py}}ews cklkjkpaic bp ai }we`nbklic aklpind il}iwew* Vaij ai ckppentic ckppentic èjfwipp. ai gi`bli ip}i`kbnn{ yj}e}ynbw*43 Lbpejp wibnkxic sabs „b jbskti lejbwà{ veync tkenbsi saikw }wkj`k}nip bp wibckn{ kj Liqkè bp kj P}bkj*“ Sai{ pbv Ksywgkci bp b

20

tkenbsiw ed sai ]nbj ed Kfybnb*49 Lbpejp viwi saeyfas se gi kjtentic kj kj sai ]nbj ed @bpb Lbsb* Sai{ vbjsic se `bnn b jiv èjfwipp abtkjf jbskejbn wi}wipijsbskej* B`èwckjf se Bnblâj sakp vbp aev Lbpejp àbjfic sai }nbj ed sai witenyskej. wibnkxkjf sabs sai{ veync gi bgni se celkjbsi sai jiv èjfwipp* Saepi vae viwi nibciwp kj Lbpejw{ bs sai skli. Wblep Bwkp}i bjc Lkàinijb. abc giij ci}yskip kj sai P}bjkpa @ewsip bjc viwi e}}epic se sai ]nbj ed Kfybnb*44 Peli diin sabs vaij Ksywgkci pijs Iàâtiwwk se dkfas bfbkjps Pbjsb Bjb. ai }nb{ic kjse sai abjcp ed b Lbpejk` Lbpejk` }nes* Gi`bypi Iàâtiwwk bjc Pbjsb Bjb viwi Lbpejk` gwesaiwp gwesaiwp sai{ lbci b pi`wis }b`s* Eji pkfjbn kp pyddk`kijs se }witijs cibsa. èlgbsbjsp }ys cevj saikw bwlp. pabwi b dwbsiwjbn ilgwbì bjc gièli dwkijcp bjc b jc gwesaiwp. bp sai{ bwi pvewj se ce*46 Bnsaeyfa cywkjf sakp ibwn{ }iwkec. ks b}}ibwp sabs necfip viwi ypic }wklbwkn{ dew }enksk`bn }yw}epip. ks `bj bnpe gi piij sabs sai }wkj`k}nip ed Lbpejw{. sai }wkj`k}nip ed nkgiws{. }wefwipp. sai }iwdi`sbgknks{ ed lbj bp vinn bp pswkcijs pswkcijs bjsk`niwk`bnkpl. abti wilbkjic èjpsbjs je lbssiw vabs sai èyjsw{ ew bfi* Saipi }wkj`k}nip viwi kjswecyìc g{ ijnkfasijlijs saeyfas bjc bce}sic g{ Ijfnkpa Lbpejp* Sai{ swbtinic se P}bkj saweyfa Ijfnkpa bjc Dwijà kjdnyijì. bwwktkjf kj Liqkè saweyfa tbwkeyp àbjjinp. sai ibwnkips gikjf Dwijà. nbsiw saweyfa Liqk`bj ci}yskip bwwktkjf aeli dwel P}bkj bjc dkjbnn{. saweyfa P}bjkpa swee}p bwwktkjf se ce gbssni*

[ewokjep bjc esaiw Lbpejk` Fwey}p Bnsaeyfa necfip iqkpsic }wkew se 2179. ks vbp jes yjskn sabs cbsi sabs b Liqk`bj Fwbjc Necfi vbp ipsbgnkpaic vksa bysaewks{ se ewfbjkxi ewfbjkxi bjc èjswen Liqk`bj necfip* Saiwi abp giij b feec cibn ed ckp`yppkej bgeys sai weni ed sai dkwps Bliwk`bj Bliwk`bj blgbppbcew se Liqkè. Hein ]ekjpiss* Peli abti b``ypic akl ed ijfkjiiwkjf sai kcib kj ewciw se fbkj kjdnyijì dew sai Yjksic Psbsip. vwipskjf èjswen dwel Iywe}ibj kjsiwipsp* Lilgiwp viwi }wkj`k}bnn{ èl}epic ed P}bjkbwcp bjc esaiwp vae p{l}bsakxic vksa P}bkj. dbtewkjf ìjswbnkpl bjc lejbwà{*41 B`èwckjf se Hepë Dyijsip Lbwip. sai Jbskejbn bwàkti kj Vbpakjfsej. C*@*. èjsbkjp b nissiw vwkssij g{ ]ekjpiss sabs wibcp bp dennevp8 ․vksa sai eghi`s ed èyjsiwb`skjf sai dbjbsk`bn }bws{ kj Liqkè @ks{ bjc. kd ks kp }eppkgni. se ijèywbfi sai p}wibckjf ed nkgiwbn }wkj`k}nip blejf saepi vae bwi kj b }epkskej se fetiwj. K bkcic bjc ijèywbfic b jylgiw ed wip}i`sbgni }ie}ni. lij ed akfa psbjckjf. se dewl b Lbpejk` [ewo Fwbjc Necfi․4;

23

Esaiwp ckpbfwii èjìwjkjf sai ìjswbnks{ ed ]ekjpiss‛p weni bjc `nbkl sabs pitiwbn necfip bfwiic se kjswecyì sai [ewo Wksi kj Liqkè* Saipi necfip ae}ic se }wetkci b feec liiskjf }nbì se ckp`ypp }enksk`bn }nbjp. bp vinn bp bj bnsiwjbskti dew saepi nipp kj`nkjic se sai swbckskejbn P}bjkpa vb{ ed sakjokjf* Bnn ]ekjpiss ckc. b`èwckjf se sakp nkji ed saeyfas. vbp se ijbgni sai [ewo Wksi se gi deyjcic kj Liqkè* Liqkè* B deyjckjf àbwsiw vbp jiicic bjc sakp ai vbp bgni se }wetkci*6= ]ekjpiss. b vinn,swbtinic lbj. dnyijs kj pitiwbn nbjfybfi p. vbp bj bsswb`skti dkfywi kj sai ibwn{ {ibwp ed sai {eyjf jbskej* Fiewfi Dkpaiw. vae vbp b lilgiw lilgiw ed sai „Kjci}ijcijì“ Necfi. eji ed sai dkwps necfip deyjcic. ed vakà Newijxe ci Xbtbnb vbp Vewsa{ Lbpsiw. sinnp aev ]ekjpiss ainc viion{ „siwsynkbp“ itiw{ Saywpcb{ bs akp aeli* Saipi viwi tiw{ }e}ynbw vksa sai inksi vae fbsaiwic se cbjì. èjtiwpi. bjc }nb{ `bwcp* Saepi kjsiwipsic kj psbsi bddbkwp edsij vksacwiv dwel sai dipsktkskip se gissiw ckp`ypp lbssiwp bs abjc* Ai `nbklp sabs sabs ]ekjpiss aklpind aklpind vbp jes bddknkbsic vksa bj{ necfi bjc ckc jes tkpks sail* Ai ejn{ }wetkcic sai bysaewks{ dwel Jiv [ewo* Ai ckc. aevitiw. „fkti Lbpejk` kjpswy`skej se saepi vae `bnnic ej akl bp akp lbjpkej*“62 Lbsiep. deyjciw ed sai Liqk`bj Jbskejbn Wksi kj 2179. vwksip sabs sakws{,pkq Lbpejp. ckpknnypkejic vksa sai Pèsskpa Pèsskpa Wksi. lis sefisaiw se èjpkciw deyjckjf b jiv Wksi* Saipi lij viwi ip}i`kbnn{ ckpèywbfic gi`bypi Ksywgkci abc }we`nbklic aklpind Il}iwew bjc ckppentic sai @ejfwipp* Sai{ lyà dbtewic b diciwbn p{psil vksa vksa sai }wetkjìp pabwkjf èjpkciwbgni èjpkciwbgni kjdnyijì* Sai{ ae}ic sai [ewo Wksi veync fbkj sai dwiicel sai{ cipkwic bjc veync bkc kj }weleskjf diciwbnkpl* Sai kcib se gifkj b jiv wksi vbp }wkj`k}bnn{ sabs ed C* Hepë Lbwìb Bn}yài ë Kjdbjsi. b }wkips bjc pijbsew dwel Sbgbpè* Ai vbp py}}ewsic g{ Kfjb`ke Ipsitb. sai Lkjkpsiw ed sai Swibpyw{. Lkfyin Wblðj Bwkp}i. Cibj ed sai @bsaicwbn kj ]yignb bjc Lkjkpsiw ed Hypskì. bjc Hepë Bjsejke Lihìb* ]wipkcijs C* Fybcbny}i Tk`sewkb vbp bnpe kjtentic* Bdsiw dkti necfip viwi ipsbgnkpaic. ]ekjpiss vbp b}}webàic bjc bpoic se py}}n{ sai jiìppbw{ bysaewks{ dwel sai Fwbjc Necfi ed Jiv [ewo* Lbsiep `nbklic sakp vbp bnn sabs ai ckc bjc sabs ai vbp yjhypsn{ b``ypic ed }enksk`bn }enksk`bn kjswkfyi*67 Xbtbnb lijskejic sai pbli dkti bp gikjf sai deyjciwp. vaiwibp @bwsiw kj`nycic sai jblip ed Xbtbnb bjc Fyiwwiwe* Bnblâj jblic Xbtbnb. Bn}yài. Tk`sewkb. Ipsitb bjc Wblep Bwkp}i bp sai ewkfkjbsewp ed sai jiv }bws{* 60 29

Lbsiep `nibwn{ p}eoi ed sai }enksk`bn }yw}epip ed sai [ewo [ewo Wksi* Aevitiw. Wkàbwc @akpl. bj Bliwk`bj Lbpej kjtentic kj Liqk`bj necfip. vwesi sabs sai kjkskbn kjsijskej ed sai [ewo Necfip vbp se widewl Lbpejw{ bjc se btekc sai }enksk`bn sijcij`kip vakà abc celkjbsic sai Pèsskpa Wksi* Fijiwbnp. ènejinp bjc esaiw bwl{ eddkìwp bp vinn bp pijbsewp. ci}yskip. `niwf{. fetiwjlijs il}ne{iip. gypkjipplij bjc bwskpbjp dneòic se hekj sai jiv necfip* Bnsaeyfa bs dkwps nklksic nklksic se vewop ed àbwks{. sai{ peej gi`bli gi `bli kjtentic kj }enksk`p. cyi se e}}epkskej dwel sai Pèsskpa Wksi*63 Bnblâj èllijsic sabs nkssni bssijskej bssijskej vbp }bkc se ìwilej{ bjc gijitenijs vewop* Sai leps itkcijs }yw}epip viwi ckwi`skjf bddbkwp ed psbsi bjc }nb`kjf } nb`kjf saikw }bwskpbjp kj kjdnyijskbn }epkskejp* ]ie}ni hekjic vae vbjsic se fbkj dbtew bjc gi dwii dwel }iwpi`yskej* Lbj{ cipiwsic sai Pèsskpa Wksi se hekj sai [ewo Wksi bjc bp Ipsitb vbp Lkjkpsiw ed sai Swibpyw{. dyjcp viwi wibckn{ btbknbgni* 69 Sai jiv Lbpejk` Ewciw peej gi`bli }eviwdyn* Lbj{ pbv ks bp b libjp libjp se cipswe{ sai Lbpejp* B`èwckjf se Bndejpe Sewe. Wblep Bwkp}i wililgiwic sai itknp ed sai Pèsskpa Wksi kj kj P}bkj bjc vbjsic se „fis wkc ed saepi saepi pi`wis pe`kiskip g{ b okjc ed aelie}bsak` }enksk`p*“64 Saipi jiv necfip viwi ip}i`kbnn{ b}}ibnkjf se sai ijnkfasijic lkccni `nbpp. ibfiw se pii pe`kbn bjc ièjelk` àbjfi* Bclkjkpswbskej àbjfip viwi lbci bjc sai jylgiwp ed necfip kj`wibpic* G{ 2171 etiw eji ayjcwic necfip abc giij dewlic. lbj{ kj kj sai bwl{* Sai [ewo Wksi vbp bjqkeyp se fbkj lilgiwp bjc b`èwckjf se Lbsiep pyddk`kijs `bwi vbp jes fktij se tiwkd{ sabs jiv lilgiwp viwi vewsa{ ed gikjf Lbpejp* Lilgiwp viwi wiìktic dwel bnn `nbppip bjc èjckskejp. edsij vksaeys sai nifbn wirykwilijsp èjpkciwic jiìppbw{ g{ Lbpejp* 66 Sai jiv Liqk`bj geywfiekpki vbp bjqkeyp se sboi etiw. bjqkeyp se àbjfi sai }bssiwjp pis g{ sai enc bwkpse`wb`{. sai }we}iwskic `nbpp* `nbpp* Nbj`bpsiw Pàeenp viwi deyjcic se py}}ews py}}ews pi`ynbw icy`bskej*61 Peli ginkitic sabs saipi pàeenp viwi ypic se ckddypi ]wesipsbjskpl* 6; Saiwi vbp b ae}i se ypi }wklbw{ icy`bskej se p}wibc ijnkfasijic kcibp* B p}iià fktij g{ C* Hybj Wecwkfyix ]yignb kj @ab}ynsi}i` ]bwo kj Hyji 2174. bs sai kjpsbnnbskej ed sai necfi „Kjckb Bxsi`b.“ cilejpswbsic sijisp ed sai jiv Wksi* Secb{ itij saeyfa winkfkeyp kjseniwbjì wilbkjp. Lbpejk` pe`kiskip lynsk}n{* Sai cb{ vknn èli vaij cyi se sai iddewsp ed sai necfip }ibì vknn gi ipsbgnkpaic kj bnn jbskejp bjc saiwi vknn gi yjktiwpbn dwkijcpak} blejf bnn lij* lij* ]wbkpi vknn fe y} se sai fwibs Hiaetba bjc sai isiwjbn fielisw{ vknn gi bcewic kj sai sil}ni ai abp gyknc․sai bnsbw ed vakà kp sai aibws ed sai pijpkgni lbj vae abp jitiw peknic akp abjcp kj pkj. jitiw e}}wippic sai kjjeìjs․vi bwi skic se sai Bxsi`p․bnn feec lij lyps èjp}kwi bfbkjps sai èyjsw{ ed @ewsëp. Bntbwbce bjc Diwckjbjc․sakp nbjc 24

!P}bkj+ paeync ckpb}}ibw dwel sai fnegi**sai{ abti giij pe èl}nbìjs kj sai cipswy`skej ed saikw evj p}i`kip․vi bwi ojevj bp b}epsnip ed winkfkeyp seniwbjì bjc dwiicel dew bnn }ie}nip*1=

Bnsaeyfa sai Pèsskpa Wksi bnpe cipkwic `niwk`bn widewl. sai{ viwi nipp wbck`bn bjc vkpaic se }wipiwti lbj{ }wktknifip* Lbj{ ed sail {ibwjic se pii sai P}bjkpa wifkli wipsewic* Sai Pèsskpa Wksi èjskjyic se abti kjdnyijì kj sai èjfwipp bjc kj fetiwjlijs* Sai{ abc giij nepkjf fweyjc. gys sai jiv èl}iskskej piilic se `bypi b witktbn* Ks peej gi`bli b ìjsiw dew lij se yjksi vksa saikw tipsic kjsiwipsp. ae}kjf se àiò sai kjdnyijì ed sai jiv nkgiwbnp*12 Sai [ewo Wksi vbp yjab}}{ vksa sai @ejpsksyskej ed 2173* Bnsaeyfa ks fwbjsic dwiicel ed saeyfas bjc }wipp. winkfkeyp kjseniwbjì wilbkjic* wilbkjic* Welbj @bsaenk`kpl vbp jblic bp sai peni psbsi winkfkej* Nifbn irybnks{ vbp pswippic gys sai wkfasp ed sai sai }wktknific `nbppip. sai àywà bjc sai sai lknksbw{ viwi yjseyàic*17 Lbj{ dins sabs saipi ibwn{ Lbpejk` ewfbjkxbskejp dewlic sai gbpkp dew sai nkgiwbn bjc èjpiwtbskti }bwskip kj Liqkè* Sai [ewo Wksi vksa il}abpkp ej diciwbnkpl. winkfkeyp seniwbjì. bjc irybnks{ vbp kj e}}epkskej se sai Pèsskpa Wksi vakà dbtewic b ìjswbn dewl ed fetiwjlijs. wisbkjkjf peli }wktknifip dew sai bwkpse`wb`{ bjc `niwf{* B`èwckjf se eji Jewsa Bliwk`bj tkiv}ekjs. tkiv}e kjs. Liqk`bjp ckcj‛s b}}wi`kbsi sai swyi p}kwks ed Lbpejw{ bnsaeyfa sai{ „viwi `b}sktbsic g{ sai dewlp. ìwilejkip. sai wksybn bjc sai kl}epkjf bjc èpsn{ }bwb}aiwjbnkb ed sai necfip*“ Sai Fwbjc Necfi kj Liqkè `ks{ èps etiw #0=== bjc vbp pklknbw se sai Welbj @bsaenk` @bsaicwbn* 10 Bp sai [ewokjep wb}kcn{ fwiv bjc jivp}b}iw bssbòp ej sai Ipèìpip kj`wibpic. sai Ipèìpip pbv `bypi dew bnbwl* Ej Lb{ 7. 2174. Hepë Lbjyin @igbnnep bjc esaiw Ipèìpip wièllijcic sai jiic dew b nbv se wipswbkj wipswbkj ew eysnbv bnn pi`wis pi`wis pe`kiskip* Ai abc div db`sp se py}}ews akp èjìwj. bjc pe bdsiw b gwkid ckp`yppkej. sai leskej leskej vbp ckplkppic* Aevitiw. b wièllijcbskej vbp lbci se }enn sai psbsip bp se sai }wipijì }wipijì bjc kjdnyijì ed pi`wis pe`kiskip* Sai psbsip viwi bnpe se gi bpoic dew saikw sai kw e}kjkej wifbwckjf sai èjskjybjì ed saipi pe`kiskip*13 G{ sai dennevkjf Jetilgiw sai wi}ews vbp wibc{* @akb}bp. @akaybayb. Fybjbhybse. Ebhb`b. ]yignb. Pejewb. Sbgbpè. Xb`bsi`bp. @enklb bjc Snbq`bnb bnn ci`nbwic sai{ abc je ojevnicfi ed iqkpskjf necfip* Sakp vbp `ywkeyp. bp leps leps ed sai fetiwjewp viwi dwel sai [ewo Wksi" Esaiwp wi}ewsic bjklepks{ gisviij sai [ewo Wksi bjc b jc sai Pèsskpa Wksi bjc bclkssic b clkssic sabs Lbpejp abc swkic

26

se fbkj kjdnyijì kj bwibp ed il}ne{lijs* @ebayknb bjc Siqbp iq}wippic èjìwj bgeys sai necfi gikjf kjtentic kj ini`skjf ci}yskip se sai fijiwbn èjfwipp* Sbgbpè pbkc sabs leps `kskxijp ckpnkoic Lbpejp gi`bypi sai{ viwi èjpkciwic se gi kwwinkfkeyp* Psbsip vakà veync nkoi se pii sai Lbpejp ckpgbjcic viwi Sblbynk}bp. Tiwb`yx. C*D*. Lkàeb`âj. ]yignb. Pejewb. @ebayknb bjc Siqbp. Pbj Nykp ]esepì. bjc Lëqkè*19 Bfbkj kj Ciìlgiw ed 2174 Pijbsew @igbnnep gweyfas dewsa sai }we}epbn se eysnbv pi`wis pe`kiskip. }nibckjf sabs kj skli saiwi veync gi cii} wifwis bgeys sai nbò ed b`skej* Ai dins saipi fwey}p veync vewo bfbkjps sai wi}ygnk`. wi}ygnk`. bjc ai ijyliwbsic }ijbnskip se ijdewì sai sai nbv* Pijbsew @bòice }wesipsic. pb{kjf ai pbv je jiic dew pyà pitiwi b`skej* Sai lbssiw vbp bfbkj cwe}}ic*14 Esaiw fwey}p viwi dewlic cywkjf sakp skli* E}}epkskej dwel sai @bsaenk` @aywà lkfas abti giij wip}ejpkgni dew sai wijblkjf ed sai [ewo Wksi. vae bs eji }ekjs `bnnic sailpintip sai „Fybcbny}bjep“ bjc `bnnic saikw pe`kis{. “Bfyknb Jifwb“ !Gnbò !Gnbò Ibfni+* Ks‛p yj`nibw vaisaiw sakp vbp kj widiwijì se Fybcbny}i Tk`sewkb Tk`sewkb ew se sai Tkwfkj ed Fybcbny}i* ]iwab}p ks widiwwic se gesa" Sai Pèsskpa Wksi. jes se gi eysceji. dewlic sai „Jetijbwkep*“ Lbsiep pbkc sabs `niwf{ `niwf{ vae abc dewliwn{ giij bjsbfejkpsk` sevbwc sai Pèsskpa Wksi jev hekjic. dibwdyn ed sai fwevkjf }eviw ed sai [ewo Wksi* Gesa fwey}p b`sktin{ cijeyjìc sai esaiwp. `w{kjf aiwisk`* Ibà abc }wkipsp vksakj saikw wbjop. }witbknkjf y}ej saikw nibciwp se egpiwti dibpsp kj aejew ed saikw Tkwfkj* Sai Pèsskpa Wksi abc dipsktbnp se aejew sai Tkwfij cin ]knbw bjc Pbjskbfe ci Fbnk`kb vakni sai [ewo Wksi aejewic sai Tkwfij ci Fybcbny}i* Piwlejp viwi }wibàic* Kj sai `b}ksbn saiwi viwi }weìppkejp èl}nisi vksa Lbpejk` ilgnilp. `bjcnip bjc sai wifbnkb ed sai @bsaenk` @aywà* P`wk}sywi }bppbfip ci`w{kjf sai kl}kis{ ed sai e}}epkjf ewciwp viwi aywnic dwel weedse}p* Tkenijì kj`wibpic itij se sai }ekjs ed lywciw*16 L`Nikpa. b Lbpej dwel Eake. vwkskjf kj 2;21. nblijsic. „Kfjewkjf saipi nkssni èywsipkip. sai àywà eddk`kbnn{ dwel ksp }yn}ksp bjbsailbskxic Lbpejp ed bnn Wksip*“ 11 Lbpejk` kjdnyijì èjskjyic se gi ej sai y}wkpi* Bj kj`kcijs vakà gi`bli kjdnblic aikfasijic sai sijpkej* Ej Hbjybw{ 21. 2176. Hebryìj Bwijbp. b P}bjkbwc bjc b lilgiw lilgiw ed sai winkfkeyp ewciw ed Ps* Hblip. kjtksic Kfjb`ke Lewb se }bwsk`k}bsi kj b witenyskej wipsewkjf P}bjkpa }eviw* Lewb. sai fijiwbn èllbjciw ed sai Diciwbn Ckpswk`s bjc Psbsi ed Lëqkè. vbp bnbwlic bjc kjdewlic ]wipkcijs Tk`sewkb. vae ckwi`sic ckwi`sic akl se liis bfbkj vksa Bwijbp* Vksjippip pi`wisn{ egpiwtic sai kjsiwb`skej* Lewb `nbklic ai jiicic lewi cisbknp. gidewi ai èync b`rykipì* Bp

21

Bwijb cip`wkgic sai }nbj. eji ed sai vksjippip. Dwbj`kpè Lenkjep cin @bl}ep vbp pe etiwèli vksa ileskej sabs ai èync jes je s wipswbkj aklpind. bjc witibnic akp }wipijì vksa b tkenijs t kenijs eysgywps ed sil}iw* Bwijbp wibnkxic ai abc giij giswb{ic bjc. bvbwi ed sai }ijbns{. ci`nbwic sabs ai vbp fnbc se se gi b lbws{w dew akp winkfkej bjc èyjsw{*1; Sai [ewo Wksi ainc sai Pèsskpa Wksi wip}ejpkgni dew sai }nes se wipsewi P}bjkpa py}wilb`{* Sai enc bjsbfejkplp sevbwc jbskti P}bjkbwcp viwi viwi bvboijic* Ej Lb{ 2;. 2176. b nbv vbp }bppic }bppic psbskjf sabs je P}bjkbwc èync aenc b `ktkn ew lknksbw{ }eps yjskn P}bkj wièfjkxic kjci}ijcijì* Sai }nbj vbp jes ijdewìc yjskn sve {ibwp nbsiw*;= Prybggnkjf èjskjyic gisviij sai sve sve fwey}p* Sai pksybskej gi`bli fwbti fwbti vaij Gwbte. sai Liqk`bj Tkì ]wipkcijs bjc Fwbjc Lbpsiw ed sai Pèsskpa Wksi. nic b wiginnkej bfbkjps sai fetiwjlijs ej Ciìlgiw 70. 2176* Ai peyfas sai py}}wippkej ed pi`wis pe`kiskip bjc sai iq}ynpkej iq}ynpkej ed ]ekjpiss. bp vinn bp b àbjfi ed }iwpejjin kj sai fetiwjlijs* Sai Pèsskpa Wksi vbp citbpsbsic g{ sai kj`wibpi kj }eviw bjc jylgiw ed [ewo Wksi lilgiwp* Sai leps dibpkgni penyskej piilic se gi fisskjf wkc ed gesa fwey}p bnejf vksa ]ekjpiss. sai kjpskfbsew ed sai [ewo Wksi*;2 Gwbte‛p wiginnkej vbp cidibsic. bjc sai }eviw ed sai Pèsskpa Wksi vbp gweoij* G{ Pi}silgiw ed 2171. sai èjìwj abc p}wibc* Sai Pèsskpa Wksi vbp je nejfiw nejfiw sai ejn{ fwey} vewwkic bgeys sai kjswypkej ed sai pi`wis pe`kiskip kjse sai }enksk`bn pìji* Nb Bfyknb Liqk`bjb. !sai Liqk`bj Ibfni+ ej Pi}silgiw 26. 2171. }ygnkpaic sai }nbsdewl dew sai [ewo Wksi* Sakp }nbsdewl bpoic bnn necfip se py}}ews ìwsbkj jelkjbskejp j elkjbskejp dew ci}yskip. gesa dew sai fijiwbn èjfwipp bjc dew sai psbsi nifkpnbsywip* nifkpnbsywip* Saipi veync gi ijnkfasijic lij ed sai [ewo Wksi* Saiwi veync gi b dkti lbj èllkppkej etiwpiikjf necfi b`sktks{. bjc sakp èllkppkej veync bkc kj psbsip vakà ckc jes abti b [ewo Wksi* Sai pkl}ni wibckjf ed sakp `ywkeyp ce`ylijs paevp sai cblbfi saepi Lbpejk` Wksip bwi `b}bgni ed `bypkjf. sbokjf etiw sai wkfas wkfas ed sai petiwikfjs{ ed sai }ie}ni* Sai{ bwi abtkjf pi`wis liiskjfp se ini`s psbsi bjc jbskejbn wi}wipijsbsktip․sai{ pb{ sai{ abti se gi [ewo Wksi5 Vaepi fnew{ bwi sai{ vewokjf dew5 Swyi }bswkesp abti cipiwsic sakp Wksi**ks kp èl}epic ed kfjewbjs bjc ypinipp }ie}ni vae paeync jes gi ckwi`skjf sai bddbkwp ed sai jbskej* Vi `bj iq}i`s se pii sai cipswy`skej cipswy`skej ed sai diciwbn p{psil․sai{ lyps egi{ ew sai{ vknn gi wi}nbìc g{ pelieji lewi egickijs* Se egi{ bjc gi rykis․sakp kp sai pkfj ed b }iwdi`s Lbpej* Saikw necfip wilbkj kj pyglkppkej se ia Fwbjc Necfi Kj C*D* bjc bnpe se dewikfj kjdnyijì* Sai vewo cywkjf sai egp`ywks{ ed jkfas․lbj{ jkfas․lbj{ abti giij picyìc* Sai{ abti wijeyjìc wibpej. nepkjf nepkjf saikw }iwpejbn dwiicel* Dew wibpejbgni lij saipi wkck`yneyp ìwilejkip. p{lgenp bjc psewkip bwi bwi sai eghi`s ed nbyfasiw bjc pèwj* Gys jes saipi lij" lij" Sai{ bwi pe 2;

ciìktic sabs sai{ p}ibo ed b Lbpejk` }weìppkej. b we{bn bwà. b akfa }wkips. swk}ni ebsap bjc sai sibàiw Akwbl* Sai{ bwi }iwpybcic bjc sbno ed ks vksa fwibs wip}i`s* Vaij lij fis se sakp }ekjs }ekjs sai{ `bj ibpkn{ gi lbjk}ynbsic* Sai{ ìwsbkjn{ abti je wkfas se ckwi`s sai sai bddbkwp ed sai jbskej* Vabs wkfas ce sai{ abti se bcc se sai èjpsksyskej sai rybnkdk`bskej ed gikjf kj sai [ewo Wksi" Sakp kp iksaiw sai iqswili ed bycb`ks{ ew psy}kcks{* Ks vknn gwkjf sai cipswy`skej cipswy`skej ed sai diciwbn p{psil* Sakp kp ìjswbnkxbskej" Liqk`bjp" Dewgkc saipi wiyjkejp" Sai{ vknn gi eyw wykj bp sai{ viwi kj Iywe}i";7 Dkjbnn{ sai Liqk`bjp abc ijeyfa. bjc ej E`segiw 79. 2171. b nbv vbp }bppic eysnbvkjf pi`wis pe`kiskip* Lbsiep bjc esaiwp ginkitic sabs sai Pèsskpa Wksi vbp lbkjn{ wip}ejpkgni dew sakp nbv bp sai{ abc b lbhewks{ lbhewks{ kj gesa aeypip* Sai kcib giakjc sai nbv. b`èwckjf se Lbsiep. vbp se cipswe{ sai [ewo Wksi bjc se se wkc sai èyjsw{ ed sai sai dewikfj kjdnyijì* Sai bgeti ryesi dwel Nb Bfyknb Liqk`bjb. èjcijpic bjc }wkjsic kj In Pen b div cb{p nbsiw. pyffipsic esaiwp gipkcip sai Pèsskpa Wksi viwi ckpfypsic vksa sai lbjiytiwkjfp ed sai pi`wis pe`kiskip*;0 Bssbàic se sakp nbv vbp sai ]b}bn Gynn ed Niej QKK ed Lb{ 20. 2174* Sai necfip viwi cwktij yjciwfweyjc bs sakp sakp }ekjs* Tkenijs }enksk`bn b`sktkskip. sai bjsbfejkpl ed sai Welbj @bsaenk` @aywà bjc fetiwjlijsbn e}}epkskej abc bnn sboij saikw senn*;3 Necfip viwi cijeyjìc se sai fetiwjlijs* Pi`wis nkpsp viwi }ygnkpaic* Ks kp nkoin{ sabs sai necfip gi`bli lewi b`skti. itij saeyfa nipp }ygnk`. edsij àbjfkjf jblip se ip`b}i }iwpi`yskej*;9 B necfi sabs abp wiìktic nkssni jesewkis{ vbp deyjcic g{ Hepë Lbwìb Lbsiep kj 2179. In Wkse Jb`kejbn Liqk`bje* Sakp fwey}. b`èwckjf se ksp deyjciw. gifbj paewsn{ bdsiw sai deyjckjf ed sai Pèsskpa Wksi* Sai jkji deyjciwp viwi èjìwjic bgeys sai kjswypkej kjswypkej ed }bwskpbj }enksk`p bjc winkfkej kjse Lbpejw{* B dywsaiw èjìwj vbp sai bclkppkej bclkppkej ed lbj{ lilgiwp se se sai necfip vksaeys nifbn Lbpejk` wirykwilijsp* Sai{ ckpnkoic sai wirykwilijs ed sai [ewo Wksi bjc Pèsskpa Wksi. psbskjf sabs sabs lilgiwp abc se gi Welbj @bsaenk`p* @bsaenk`p* Sakp `nibwn{ vbp jes Lbpejw{" Ks vbp jes kl}ewsbjs sabs lij ginejfic se b ìwsbkj winkfkej․*aev lyà gissiw kd sai{ pkl}n{ aejewic feecjipp. rybnks{ bjc pkjìwks{* Sai{ cipkwic se pii Lbpejw{ wipsewic bp b aylbjksbwkbj kjpsksyskej. eji vakà veync bce}s b }wefwbl ed }wefwipp. }weleskjf ab}}kjipp dew bnn lij. }iwdi`skjf lbjokjc*;4 Sai }wegnil sabs iliwfic èjìwjic saikw àbwsiw* B jiv wksi lyps gi deyjcic g{ bj bnwibc{ iqkpskjf ewciw* Dkjbnn{ sai penyskej vbp deyjc* Sai{ èj`nycic sabs itiw{ wksi abc se abti b gifkjjkjf* Vabs gissiw skli skli se gifkj sabj kj sai kjdbj`{ ed sai èyjsw{" Sai Pèsskpa Wksi bjc sai

7=

[ewo Wksi eghi`sic se sai kwwifynbw kwwifynbw deyjckjf* Lbsiep `nbklic saikw eghi`skej vbp cyi se èjìwj bgeys y}pisskjf sai cink`bsi gbnbjì ed }enksk`bn }enksk`bn kjdnyijì* Sai [ewo Wksi eghi`sic nibps. bp sai{ viwi sai widewliwp* widewliwp* Lbj{ ed saikw lilgiwp hekjic*;6 Dwiicel ed winkfkeyp ginkid vbp il}abpkxic* Sakp wksi ckpnkoic Welbj Welbj @bsaenk` celkjbjì èjswennkjf sai èjp`kijìp ed saeypbjcp* B psbsi pyghi`sic se sai àywà vbp `nibwn{ bfbkjps }wefwipp* In Wkse Jb`kejbn Liqk`bje ginkitic wbck`bn widewl vbp kl}iwbskti. bp sai Welbjkxkjf sijcij`kip ed sai esaiw sve }bwskip viwi ckpfypskjf*;1 Paewsn{ bdsiw sai fetiwjlijs pyp}ijpkej ed pi`wis pe`kiskip. sai [e wo Fwbjc Necfi kppyic b }we`nblbskej ckppentkjf necfip yjciw ksp hywkpck`skej* hywkpck`skej* Peli widypic. bjc sai Fwbjc Necfi ed Jiv [ewo ej Hyji 1. 2107. ci`kcic se swbjpdiw ksp hywkpck`skej se sai hywkpck`skej ed sai Fwbjc Necfi ed Liqkè* Ewfbjkxic lbpejw{ èjskjyic*;; Lilgiwp ed gesa sai Pèsskpa bjc [ewo Wksi hekjic sai Wkse Jb`kejbn Liqk`bje. vakà sai }enkì. dew peli wibpej. ckc jes gesaiw*2== Vksa sai liwfkjf ed sai necfip kjse sai Wkse Jb`kejbn Liqk`bje. `bli sai jiic se ipsbgnkpa peli }wkj`k}nip* Kj 2100 b }wefwbl ed widewl vbp bce}sic vakà sai Lbpejp vkpaic vkpaic se gwkjf se èjfwipp. ijèywbfkjf saikw lilgiwp se se sboi bj b`skti weni kj ksp ksp py}}ews* Sai }wkj`k}nip pis dewsa g{ Pw* Hepë Lbwìb Nykp Lewb viwi bp dennevp8 dwiicel ed e}kjkej bjc }wipp. bgenkskej bgenkskej ed }wktknifip ed sai `niwf{ bjc lknksbw{. py}}wippkej ed lejbpsk` ewciwp. }weakgkskej ed `niwk`bn èjswen ed `ktkn kjpsksyskejp pyà bp lbwwkbfi bjc }ygnk` icy`bskej. bgenkskej b genkskej ed `b}ksbn }yjkpalijs iqì}s kj sai `bpi ed }wilicksbsic lywciw. fybwbjsii ed e d sai kjsifwks{ ed sai siwwksew{. `wibskej ed ènejkip sabs ypic sai Liqk`bj nbjfybfi bjc `ypselp* Velij viwi ijèywbfic se hekj !pelisakjf yjaibwc ed kj Lbpejw{+ pe sabs sai{ lkfas sibà àkncwij Lbpejk` tbnyip* Bs nibps je Lbpej veync veync abti àkncwij pyghi`sic se py}iwpskskeyp py}iwpskskeyp winkfkeyp icy`bskej" Yjdewsyjbsin{. pbkc Lbsiep. Fðlix Dbwìbp. Dbwìbp. sai p}eoiplbj ed sai }bws{. lis lis e}}epkskej vksakj sai wbjop* Wecwkfyix ]yignb. }weyc ed akp Bxsi` bjìpsw{. vbjsic se fybwc sai bj`kijs }wktknifip ed sai Kjckbjp* Akp kjsklbsi dwkijc dwkijc ]icwbxb py}}ewsic akl. vakà ijèywbfic sai netiwp ed sai „dyiwep“ !}wktknifip+. sefisaiw vksa ]wipkcijs Pbjsb Bjjb. se ewfbjkxi bj e}}epkjf db`skej* Sakp gweyfas abnd b ìjsyw{ ed ci`nkji. b`èwckjf se Lbsiep*2=2 Lbj{ ed sai Welbj @bsaenk` `niwf{ viwi cii}n{ ijswijàic kj Lbpejw{. }iwab}p dew wibpejp ed }iwpejbn fbkj ew }enksk`bn bctbjìlijs. wbsaiw sabj gi`bypi sai{ ip}eypic sai }wkj`k}nip ed Lbpejw{* Saepi vae viwi lilgiwp ed sai Pèsskpa Wksi viwi ip}i`kbnn{ hibneyp ed saikw }wktknifip* 72

Sai [ewo Wksi }wkipsp lb{ abti giij lewi bnkfjic vksa Lbpejk` }wkj`k}nip. cipkwkjf `niwk`bn widewl* Sai @wepp ‐ E}}epkskej kj Liqkè Sai lbsiwkbn ej Welbj @bsaenk` e}}epkskej se Dwiilbpejw{ kj Liqkè cywkjf sai 2;sa @ijsyw{ kp wilbwobgn{ p}bwpi* Ks kp jes ckddk`yns se dkjc piwlejp. piwlejp. jivp}b}iw bwsk`nip. ippb{p bjc esaiw lbsiwkbnp e}}epic se sai kcibp }welesic g{ Dwiilbpejw{. gys saiwi bwi div peywìp ckwi`sn{ bssbòkjf sai pi`wis pe`kiskip g{ jbli* Sakp kp }yxxnkjf. ip}i`kbnn{ kj tkiv ed sai pswejf psbjc psbjc ed sai Welbj @aywà. vakà }ygnkpaic jkji ]b}bn Gynnp èjciljkjf Dwiilbpejw{ gisviij 2671 bjc 2113* K vknn gwkidn{ èllijs ej sai div }bl}anisp bjc piwlejp piwlejp sabs K ckc dkjc* dkjc* Bj ibwn{ }bl}anis g{ P* Pklðj,Nð}ix. ijsksnic Cip}iwsbcew @wkpskbje,}enksìè !@awkpskbj }enksk`bn bnbwl+ vbp }ygnkpaic kj 21=;* Pklðj,Nð}ix `nbklic sabs „jes bnn sai }aknepe}aiwp bwi Dwiilbpejp. gys bnn sai Dwiilbpejp bwi }aknepe}aiwp*“ B`èwckjf se akl. akl. Lbpejp viwi èjìwjic wifbwckjf kfjewbjì }witbnijs kj }bps ìjsywkip* ìjsywkip* Sai{ il}abpkxic sai ceygni pnbtiw{ ed py}iwpskskej py}iwpskskej bjc cip}eskpl* Py}iwpskskej vbp piij bp sai witibnic witinbskej ed P`wk}sywip. bjc gikjf cikpsp. sai{ ginkitic sai Jiv bjc Enc Sipsblijsp viwi liwin{ dbgnip* Pklðj,Nð}ix èjskjyic. iq}nbkjkjf sabs g{ cip}eskpl. Lbpejp libjs lejbwà{* Dwiilbpejp viwi wip}ejpkgni dew sai Dwijà Witenyskej. dew sai iqskj`skej ed sai Geywgejp bjc dennevkjf b}epsbp{* „Enktiw @welvinn @welvinn nbkc sai iff* @bnnepswe absàic ks? sai Dwijà Witenyskej gweyfas ks se nkfas kj 26;=* Jb}eniej kp sai weepsiw. bjc vaij sai weepsiw pkjfp ]isiw `wkip"“2=7 Bjesaiw }bl}anis kj 2177 vbp ijsksnic ]iwab}p sai @ejfwipp vknn gièli nkoi b Pyjgywjic Gynn !widiwwkjf se b gynndkfas kj vakà sai gynn vbp b`sybnn{ b paii} kj ckpfykpi"+* ckpfykpi"+* Sakp bysaew vbp èjìwjic bgeys sai ini`skejp bjc b jc sai py`ìpp ed sai nkgiwbn ci}yskip vael ai `nbppkdkic bp Dwiilbpejp. Nysaiwbjp. citknp. Hbègkjp* Hbègkjp* Sai{ bnn bsswb`sic dilbni denneviwp. denneviwp. vakà ejn{ }wetic saikw nbò ed swypsvewsakjipp* swypsvewsakjipp* Ai vewwkic sabs Liqkè vbp dennevkjf sai pbli }bsa swbtinic g{ P}bkj bjc Dwbjì* Kd Fec dbknic se kjsiwtiji. kjsiwtiji. Liqk`bjp veync bnpe gièli tk`sklp ed aiwip{* ]iwab}p. ej sai esaiw abjc. ai pbkc. saiwi vbp je jiic dew pyà `bjìwp gi`bypi py}}epicn{ sai Liqk`bj fetiwjlijs vbp gbpic ej sai @bsaenk` winkfkej* Tkfknbjì èyncj‛s gi etiwceji. gi`bypi Dwiilbpejw{ vbp b}s se iqsijc nkgiwbn kcibp. yjgiojevjps se sai lbhewks{ ed }ie}ni* Itij Lbpejp sailpintip viwi yjpywi ed saikw gwesaiw‛p kcijsks{*2=0

77

Kj 2177 i``nipkbpsk`bn bysaewkskip. èjìwjic bgeys sai }wefwipp ed Dwiilbpejw{. }ygnkpaic sai ]b}bn Gynnp kj Liqkè* Saipi viwi sai Gynnp ed 2601 bjc 2612 vakà èjciljic Dwiilbpejw{*2=3 Sakp bsswb`sic sai bssijskej ed Diwjâjcix ci Nkxbwck. b {eyjf pbskwkps nktkjf kj Liqkè @ks{* Nkxbwck edsij p}eoi bfbkjps sai àywà. ip}i`kbnn{ sai Kjrykpkskej* Gi`bypi akp vwkskjfp viwi ed b fijiwbn jbsywi ai abc lbjbfic se ip`b}i ìjpywi. lyà se sai àbfwkj ed sai àywà*2=9 Y}ej sai }ygnk`bskej ed sai ]b}bn Gynnp kj Liqkè. Nkxbwck ci`kcic se cidijc sai Dwiilbpejp* Akp }bl}anis ijsksnic „Cidijpi ed sai Dwiilbpejp“ vbp }ygnkpaic }ygnkpaic Digwybw{ 20. 2177* Ai ci`nbwic sai ]b}bn Gynnp abc yjhypsn{ èjciljic sai pi`wis pe`kiskip vksaeys pyddk`kijs }weed* Bnsaeyfa Nkxbwck `nbklic ai vbp jes b Lbpej bjc abc jitiw bssijcic saikw liiskjfp. ai dins `bnnic se cidijc sail* Ai pbkc sai{ viwi feec lij. bjc saikw feec vewop }ys @bsaenk`p se pabli* Ai vejciwic aev sai{ èync gi gnblic dew pkl}n{ pkl}n{ oii}kjf pi`wisp* Bdsiw bnn. sai{ abc pvewj pvewj se Fec jes se witibn saikw pi`wisp" pi`wisp" Kd pi`wi`{ viwi sai kppyi. kppyi. ai pbkc. èync jes eji gwkjf y} sai Kjrykpkskej5 Ai bnpe ijyliwbsic esaiw kjèjpkpsij`kip vksa sai Welbj @aywà*2=4 Nkxbwck vbp bjpviwic g{ b }bl}anisiiw ojevj pkl}n{ bp „sai ]b}kps.“ vae vbp paeòic bs Nkxbwck‛p kl}ycijì kl}ycijì bjc cbwkjf* Ai vejciwic aev Nkxbwck cbwic se `wksk`kxi sai ]e}i* Ai psbsic sabs kd sai lesktip ed sai Dwiilbpejp viwi }we}iw sai{ veync jes abti se akci* Sai ci`kpkejp ed sai ]e}i ckc jes jiic sai dbnpi knnypswbskejp ed sai icksewp ed In Pen. bjc ai cilbjcic bj b}enef{ se sai Liqk`bj àywà dwel Nkxbwck*2=6 Nkxbwck wip}ejcic* Ai ci`nbwic sabs ks vbp wkck`yneyp wkck`yneyp se pb{ sabs eji èyncj‛s lboi bj egpiwtbskej ej b nbv ew gi bgni se ryipskej sabs nbv* Pkl}n{ se ryipskej ckcj‛s libj sabs sabs eji ryipskejic ksp bysaewks{* Ai dins ai vbp dewsyjbsi dewsyjbsi se gi gewj kj sai bfi ed ijnkfasijlijs. wilbwokjf sabs ks vbp ckddk`yns se yjciwpsbjc aev eji ]e}i èync fis wkci ed sai Hipyksp bjc bjesaiw èync wikjpsbsi sail* Pelisakjf lyps gi vwejf vksa sai }e}i‛p kjdbnnkgknks{* Ai `nbklic se wip}i`s sai ]b}b`{. gys pbkc saiwi èync tiw{ vinn gi iwwewp bjc èjswbck`skejp kj sai }b}bn gynnp* Ai saeyfas sabs kd ai viwi se gi iqèllyjk`bsic dew vwkskjf bgeys b gynn. Fiwlbj{. Dwbjì. ]ewsyfbn bjc P}bkj paeync bnpe gi iqèllyjk`bsic"2=1 Aevitiw. sai i``nipkbpsk`bn bysaewkskip ckc jes dkjc akp b wfylijsp èjtkj`kjf bjc ej Digwybw{ 7;sa ed 2177. Nkxbwck vbp iqèllyjk`bsic* Ai widypic se pyglks. pkjfni,abjcicn{ sbokjf sbokjf ej sai Welbj akiwbwà{* Ai }iskskejic @ejfwipp deyw sklip se èli se akp akp bkc. vksa je wip}ejpi* 70

Ai bjc akp dblkn{ pyddiwic b fwibs cibn* Iqèllyjk`bskej vbp b piwkeyp b`skej. gwkjfkjf bnkijbskej dwel pe`kis{ kj lbj{ vb{p. itij it ij se sai iqsijs sabs liwàbjsp widypic se pinn saikw vbwip se sai iqèllyjk`bsic dblkn{* dblkn{* Div `bli se saikw py}}ews* Itijsybnn{ ai `bli se siwlp vksa sai @bsaenk` @aywà. bnsaeyfa sai sai èjckskejp viwi jitiw e}ijn{ psbsic* Kj 2174 ai bfbkj cidijcic Dwiilbpejw{* Akp }wkj`k}ni èjìwj bs sabs skli vbp sai nbò ed winkfkeyp seniwbjì kj sai 0wc bwsk`ni ed sai 2173 @ejpsksyskej* Nkxbwck vwesi }bl}anisp bfbkjps Dbsaiw Bwijbp kj 2176. b P}bjkpa }wkips e}}epic se Dwiilbpejw{. vae bssil}sic se nibc b wiginnkej* wiginnkej* Kj B}wkn ed 2176 bp akp aibnsa cisiwkewbsic. Nkxbwck vwesi akp nbps sipsblijs. psbskjf sabs ai jitiw ceygsic ceyg sic sai ceflbp ed sai àywà. gys sabs ai ckc jes ginkiti kj sai kjdbnnkgknks{ ed sai }e}i* Ai ckic ej Hyji 76. 2176*2=; Lbj{ ceygsic sabs Dwiilbpejw{ Dwiilbpejw{ vbp sai swyi swyi `bypi ed Nkxbwck‛p Nkxbwck‛p iqèllyjk`bskej* Sai àywà abc giij bjsbfejkxic g{ akp dwiryijs bssbòp. bjc ks b}}ibwic sai{ jev abc b leskti dew witijfi* ]byn Wbckj ginkitic sabs sai wibn wibpej dew sai rykò b`skej ej Nkxbwck abc se ce vksa sai wib`skejbw{ bssksyci ed sai akfaiw `niwf{. vae ae}ic se wifbkj }eviw cywkjf cy wkjf saikw bnnkbjì vksa Ksywgkci* Sai P}bjkpa fetiwjlijs abc lbci je bssil}s se ijdewì sai ]b}bn Gynnp }weakgkskjf Dwiilbpejw{. pe ks vbp kjsiwipskjf sabs sai Liqk`bj fetiwjlijs seeo sai psi} ed }ygnkpakjf sai gynnp*22= Kj 2176 b }bl}anis ijsksnic „@ejìwjkjf Lbpejp“ vbp }ygnkpaic kj sai dewl ed b ckbnefyi gisviij Ceòb Si`kb bjc C* @bjyse* Pai wièllijcic sai wisywj ed sai Kjrykpkskej se fis wkc ed sai sweygnipeli Lbpejp* Ai wip}ejcic vksa aewwew. pb{kjf sabs vaij eji èjsil}nbsic bnn sai cwibcdyn b`skejp ed sai Kjrykpkskej. ks vbp yjsakjobgni se èjpkciw ksp wisywj* Pai ckpbfwiic bjc pbkc sai Lbpejp abc saikw evj dewl ed Kjrykpkskej bjc abc giij wip}ejpkgni dew gneec{. absidyn vbwp* Ks vbp abwc se ojev vakà fwey} vbp vbp sai vewps. sai [ewo Wksi ew sai Pèsskpa Wksi* Wksi* Pai jesic sabs sai [ewo Wksi cidijcic nkgiws{ bjc kjci}ijcijì* Sai Pèsskpa Wksi. ej sai esaiw abjc. cidijcic ewciw. bp e}}epic se sai bjbwà{ ed sai [ewo Wksi* Pai vejciwic vabs èync gi ceji* Eji Kjrykpkskej ckcj‛s penti sai }wegnilp* }wegnilp* Vabs veync ab}}ij vksa sve. bjc gesa ed sail kj b aibsic pswyffni5 Lbpejp akc g{ jkfas bjc viwi viwi èl}nisi vksa ebsap. sawibsp. sawibsp. ìwilejkip. fwklbìp. bjc wksip* Va{ ckc sai{ ce sakp kd saikw ejn{ bkl vbp àbwks{5 Pai saeyfas ks vbp leps kjsiwipskjf kjsiwipskjf sabs saiwi vbp ckpcbkj dew sai enc Kjrykpkskej bjc }wesi`skej } wesi`skej dew saepi vae vewi bjesaiw ckpfykpi"222

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Bnsaeyfa saiwi vbp winy`sbjì se e}ijn{ e}i jn{ `wksk`kxi sai Lbpejp. lbj{ viwi ckpfypsic vksa saikw pswbjfi b`sktkskip* Kj Hyn{ ed 2171 sai jivp}b}iw In Cidijpew ci Nb Winkfkej. nblijsic sai wibckjf ed èjciljic geeop. geeop g{ wiginp pyà pyà bp Etkc. Tensbkwi bjc Weyppiby* Sai Lbpejp. vae viwi pywin{ bvbwi ed saikw yj}e}ynbwks{ vksa sai àywà. abc bssil}sic se àbjfi saikw jblip. Sai Pèsskpa Wksi gi`bli sai Jetijbwkep bjc sai [ewo Wksi sai Fybcbny}bjep* ]bwbcip viwi ainc vksa gbjjiwp bjc bnn sai wifbnkb ed sai Welbj @aywà* Ibà pi`s abc b }bswej pbkjs* In Cidijpew yjab}}kn{ wilbwoic sabs Eyw Nbc{ ed Wilickip bjc sai Tkwfij ed Fybcbny}i viwi gikjf leòic bjc sabs èjckskejp viwi pyà sabs kd Nysaiw bjc @bntkj wisywjic. sai{ veync eghi`s nkssni se sai ab}}ijkjfp kj Liqkè* Sai dewl ed fetiwjlijs vbp jes sai èjìwj. èjswbw{ se vabs sai e}}ejijsp ed In Cidijpew lkfas pb{* Sai lbkj kppyi vbp sai ckpcbkj dew sai winkfkej ed Hipyp @awkps* 227

B piwlej g{ C* Nâxbwe ci nb Fbwxb { Gbnnipsiwep. Bwàgkpae} ed Liqkè kj 2100. bssbòic sai }wkj`k}nip ed Dwiilbpejw{. vksaeys b`sybnn{ jblkjf sai Lbpejp* Ai pbkc sabs lij viwi kj kfjewbjì cyi se pkj bjc abc dbnnij dwel b aen{ bjc hyps psbsi* Hipyp vbp sai swyi swyi nkfas sabs knnylkjic itiw{ lbj* Ai èjskjyic sabs ks vbp jes pswbjfi sabs saiwi vbp pe pe nkssni }iwdi`skej bjc pe lyà sweygni kj pe`kis{ bp sai Liqk`bjp Liq k`bjp viwi ejn{ wi}ibskjf sai ckpegickijì ckpegickij ì ed saikw dkwps dbsaiwp. bjc èjpiryijìp viwi lynsk}nkic* Peli `nbklic sabs bfi gweyfas }iwdi`skej bjc egickijì vbp yjjiìppbw{. gi`bypi vi viwi eyw evj lbpsiwp* ]wipskfi bjc b feec jbli viwi fktij fwibs kl}ewsbjì. bjc lyà vbp vwkssij bgeys lbj‛p ckfjks{. wkfasp. kjsiwipsp bjc {is jitiw abc lbj giij pe dbw dwel ab}}kjipp* Ai èj`nycic g{ pb{kjf. „[ey jiic abti je esaiw Lbpsiw sabj Hipyp @awkps*“220 Kj 2166 sai Gkpae} ed Synbj`kjfe Synbj` kjfe vwesi bj kjsiwipskjf swibskpi èjìwjkjf ]wesipsbjskpl bjc Dwiilbpejw{* Ai swbìc sai }wegnilp gbò se Nysaiw. vael ai pbkc vbp yjab}}{ vaij ]e}i Niej Q fbti sai Celkjk`bjp. wbsaiw sabj sai Byfypskjkbjp. sai wkfas se }wibà kj dbtew ed kjcynfijìp* Nysaiw vbp pe bjfw{ sabs ai ijèywbfic }ie}ni se wibc sai Gkgni" Sai Fep}in vbp eddiwic se sai }ie}ni vksaeys sai gijidks ed èllijsbw{. bjc itiw{eji kjsiw}wisic ks bp sai{ vkpaic* Sakp abc ejn{ wipynsic kj ginkitkjf jesakjf* Sai Gkpae} bccic sabs ]wesipsbjsp abc e}ijic sai ceew fktkjf sai Dwijàlbj. Tensbkwi. nkìjpi se pbskwkxi sai àywà* Gi`bypi P}bkj vbp pe `nepi se se Dwbjì. saipi aiwipkip gi`bli }e}ynbw* Peej Liqkè abc bnpe gièli kjdipsic g{ saipi kcibp* Lbj{ cipiwsic sai dbksa bjc bnsaeyfa bnsaeyfa

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Tkìwe{ Tijifbp kj 2127 gbjjic sai Dwiilbpejp. ks vbp see nbsi* Sai piic abc giij pevj* Jitiwsainipp. Fec ain}ic Ksywgkci se fbkj kjci}ijcijì bjc bnnevic Liqkè se gi yjciw winkfkeyp kjdnyijì* Wililgiw sakp. sakp. ai ci`nbwic8 Liqkè evip se sai àywà aiw kjci}ijcijì" Lbpejp kj sai dkwps dkwps èjfwipp vbjsic se jynnkd{ sai kjdnyijì ed sai sai àywà* Sai{ viwij‛s èl}nisin{ py`ìppdyn. sabjop sabjop se dbksadyn @bsaenk`p vae viwi }wipijs* Aevitiw. saiwi abp giij bjesaiw kjtbpkej ed Lbpejp bjc vi jiic se vbwj sai dbksadyn se givbwi ed ]wesipsbjskpl bjc Lbpejw{* 223

B}bws dwel p`bssiwic }bl}anisp. piwlejp bjc sai iqèllyjk`bskej ed Nkxbwck. eji vejciwp bs sai winbskti pknijì ed sai àywà* Sai lbkj eghi`skejp b}}ibwic se gi sai pi`wi`{ bjc }enksk`bn kjtentilijs ed Lbpejp* Bnpe }wesi`sic vbp saikw il}abpkp il}abpkp ej dwiicel ed saeyfas saeyfas bjc nbò ed egickijì se sai àywà* Peli vwejfn{ irybsic saikw ginkidp vksa ]wesipsbjskpl* Ejn{ Bwàgkpae} Fbwxb { Gbnnipsiwep p}eoi se sai aibws ed sai lbssiw. bjc ai vbp winy`sbjs se widiw p}i`kdk`bnn{ se sai Lbpejp*

@ej`nypkejp K abti ryipskejic sai bgknks{ ed eji lbj ew eji èyjsw{ gikjf bgni se ilgwbì gesa @awkpskbjks{ bjc Lbpejw{* Ks kp itkcijs sabs sakp ab}}ijic. jes ejn{ kj Liqkè. gys kj lbj{ lbj{ èyjswkip* Dennevkjf bwi peli sijsbskti sijsbskti èj`nypkejp* Bp Hepë B* Diwwbw Gijklinnk }ekjsp eys kj akp geeo. Sai Pi`wis Tbsk`bj Bwàktip bjc Lbpejw{. ks vbp `ypselbw{ kj sai 21 sa @ijsyw{ se dkjc @bsaenk`p kj necfip ed bnn b nn èyjswkip. gesa @bsaenk` bjc jej,@bsaenk`* jej,@bsaenk`* Bnn ed sai @bsaenk` winkfkeyp ewciwp viwi irybnn{ wi}wipijsic* wi}wipijsic* Kj lbj{ `bpip sai i``nipkbpsk`p viwi sai tiw{ deyjciwp ed saipi necfip. bp `bj gi piij kj Dwbjì. Ginfkyl. Bypswkb. Ksbn{. Fiwlbj{. Pvksxiwnbjc bjc Wyppkb* @iwsbkjn{ Liqkè vbp jes yjkryi"229 Gijklinnk vbp }yxxnic g{ sai jylgiw ed @bsaenk`p hekjkjf Dwiilbpejw{ kj p}ksi ed sai ]b}bn Gynnp* Eji iq}nbjbskej vbp sabs ibà èyjsw{ abc se fkti ksp eddk`kbn b}}wetbn se }b}bn ce`ylijsp* Sabs b}}wetbn vbp dwiryijsn{ cijkic kj lbj{ @bsaenk` èyjswkip bp sai{ pbv je }wegnil vksa Lbpejw{* Sai{ pkl}n{ kfjewic sai }weakgkskejp ed sai Aen{ Pii. ginkitkjf sabs nkgiws{. dwbsiwjks{. bjc irybnks{ viwi @awkpskbj tkwsyip* Ai jesic sabs sakp wbskejbni wbskejbni lyps gi piij kj sai nkfas nkfas ed sai 21sa @ijsyw{ vksa ksp il}abpkp ej }aknepe}a{. }aknbjsawe}{ bjc aylbjkpl* Cipkwic viwi seniwbjì.

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}ibì bjc dwbsiwjks{* Saiwi vbp b pijpi sabs sai àywà abc dbknic se }welesi saipi kcibnp* ]ie}ni netic se hekj `nygp bjc bssijc liiskjfp* Gijilknnk ginkitic sabs kj sai 21sa @ijsyw{ Lbpejp viwi jes pe kwwinkfkeyp. jew viwi @bsaenk`p bp }keyp. bp kj sai 2;sa bjc 7=sa @ijsywkip*224 ]iwab}p sai dbknywi se }ygnkpa sai ]b}bn ]b}b n Gynnp pb{p lyà èjìwjkjf sai }wkewks{ ed sai ]b}b`{ kj winbskejpak} se sai }wkewks{ }wkewks{ ed jbskejbn petiwikfjs{* Gijilknnk‛p iq}nbjbskejp bwi ain}dyn. ain}dyn. gys jes èl}nisin{ bcirybsi* Egtkeypn{ saiwi viwi peli vae wilbkjic swyi se saikw @bsaenk` ginkidp bjc ckc jes èl}welkpi g{ hekjkjf necfip* Ks b}}ibwp sabs saiwi vbp bj kjbgknks{. ew }iwab}p b nbò ed cipkwi. se iqblkji Lbpejk` ginkidp* ginkidp* Kj peli `bpip saiwi vbp b cijkbn sabs eji ainc sve e}}epkjf `wiicp. bjc kj sai `bpi ed sai [ewo Wksi fetiwjewp vae. vaij sai 2174 }enn vbp sboij. cijkic sabs Lbpejw{ iqkpsic kj saikw psbsip" @bsaenk`p. gesa nb{ bjc `niwf{. vae hekjic sai [ewo Wksi viwi edsij lij gifkjjkjf se ryipskej sai bysaewks{ bysaewks{ ed sai àywà* Newijxe ci Xbtbnb lb{ abti giij pyà b lbj* lbj* Xbtbnb bssijcic sai Pilkjbw{ ed Pbj Kncidejpe kj Lëwkcb bjc vbp kjdnyijìc g{ akp sibàiw. Cej ]bgne Lewije* Lewije vbp b pì}sk` vae ceygsic sai tiwb`ks{ ed sai Gkgni* Ai il}abpkxic bjbn{pkp bjc ci`wkic yjryipskejkjf py}}ews ed ceflb* Xbtbnb vbp ijèywbfic se wibc dewgkccij geeop bjc se sakjo dew aklpind. se ryipskej itij sai vwkskjfp ed Ps* Saelbp* 226 Je ceygs sai iqbl}ni ed sai Yjksic Psbsip bjc sai bppe`kbskej vksa lij nkoi ]ekjpiss `bypic dywsaiw ryipskejkjf* Bj iqbl}ni ed sai saeyfas saeyfa s ed sai skli vbp Tkìjsi We`bdyiwsi‛p ippb{ ej winkfkeyp seniwbjì* We`bdyiwsi b}}ibwic se abti yjlkskfbsic bclkwbskej bclkwbskej dew ]wesipsbjsp* Ai jesic sabs sabs vaij Fiwlbjp ckpètiwic sai bgypip ed sai Welbj `niwf{. dwiicel dwiicel ed èjp`kijì vbp gkwsaic* Dwiicel ed èjp`kijì vbp b jiìppbw{ kjfwickijs ed }enksk`bn }enksk`bn nkgiws{* We`bdyiwsi ginkitic sai diciwbn p{psil vbp bj kl}ewsbjs èjswkgyskej se ijnkfasijic sakjokjf. dwiikjf }ie}ni dwel sai dissiwp ed b Fesak` icy`bskej* Ai dins winkfkeyp. }enksk`bn bjc ièjelk` dwiicel viwi sai sawii sawii inilijsp ed leciwj `ktknkxbskej*221 Ai èjskjyic g{ jeskjf sabs itiw{ celkjbjs winkfkej winkfkej vbp e}}wippkti* Winkfkej paeync gi kjtkpkgni bjc ejn{ ojevj dew ksp iddi`sp ej lewbnks{* Bclkwkjf sai Yjksic Psbsip. ai èllijsic sabs sai b}}nk`bskej ed dwiicel bjc kjsinnkfijì se sai psyc{ ed sai P`wk}sywi vbp sai gbpkp dew Jewsa Bliwk`bj ab}}kjipp* Saikw fetiwjlijs bnnevic sai àywà se gi kjci}ijcijs ed sai psbsi bjc ckc jes dkjbj`kbnn{ py}}ews winkfkej* We`bdyiwsi ginkitic saepi èyjswkip gips fetiwjic viwi saepi vksa dwii `kw`ynbskej ed Gkgnip bjc winkfkeyp nksiwbsywi? saikw }wep}iwks{ vbp ckwi`sn{ winbsic se sai cifwii

76

ed winkfkeyp seniwbjì bnnevic kj kj sai èjpsksyskej* P}bkj gifbj se ci`b{ vaij pai kjpsksysic sai Kjrykpkskej bjc iq}innic sai Leewp*22; We`bdyiwsi b}}ibwic b ]wesipsbjs y} se sakp }ekjs. bngiks b ]wesipsbjs vksa ìwsbkj }enksk`bn gkbpip" Ai saij èllijìc se peyjc lewi nkoi b Lbpej. vwkskjf sabs Fec vbjsic yp se neeo bs bnn gwesaiwp bp pejp ed sai pbli dbsaiw. vksaeys ckpskj`skej. vaisaiw Hivkpa. Hivkpa. Fijskni. gbwgbwkbj ew Sywo* Vi paeync gi bgni se nkti kj }iwdi`s abwlej{ bjc }ibì* Vksa sai }bppkjf ed skli vi veync }wefwipp. gièlkjf seniwbjs bjc lewi netkjf. vaisaiw vi viwi „{ewokjep. ipèìpip. jetijbwkep. fyiwwikpsbp. }icwb`kpsbp. gewgejkpsbp*. is`*“27= K deyjc je itkcijì sabs We`bdyiwsi vbp b Lbpej* Kd ai vbp ai vbp }wegbgn{ }wegbgn{ ed sai [ewo Wksi* Saepi vae viwi lilgiwp ed sai Pèsskpa Wksi gidewi Kjci}ijcijì viwi ypybnn{ P}bjkbwcp vksa pswejf P}bjkpa skip* Sai{ lb{ abti giij lkncn{ bjsk`niwk`bn. gys saikw lbkj kjsiwips vbp se lbkjsbkj èjji`skejp vksa P}bkj bjc se py}}ews py}}ews b ìjswbnkps lejbwà{* Bp sai [ewo Wksi fbkjic kj jylgiwp bjc }e}ynbwks{. sai Pèsskpa Wksi Wksi wibnkxic b jiic dew b gbnbjì ed }eviw* Sai [ewo Wksi bsswb`sic lij vae viwi pswejfn{ bjsk`niwk`bn. bjsk`niwk`bn. py}}ewskjf psbsip wkfasp wkfasp bjc winkfkeyp seniwbjì* seniwbjì* Lbj{ }wkipsp viwi cwbvj kjse sai Pèsskpa Wksi kj bj bssil}s se èyjsiwb`s saipi kcibp* Bnsaeyfa peli lb{ abti ceji pe dew pindkpa wibpejp. dibwkjf ièjelk`bn bjc }enksk`bn nepp. esaiwp }wegbgn{ ginkitic sabs sai cevjdbnn ed sai àywà veync veync gi sai cevjdbnn ed sai jbskej* Sai{ viwi bvbwi ed sai lbj{ àbwksbgni vewop ed sai àywà. vakà va kà wirykwic dkjbj`kbn py}}ews se èjskjyi* Sai e}}epkskej ed sai Welbj @aywà bs sakp skli vbp vibo bjc kjbcirybsi* Itij sai ]b}bn Gynnp gweyfas dewsa nkssni P`wk}sywbn py}}ews. de`ypkjf lbkjn{ ej sai pi` wis jbsywi ed sai pe`kiskip bjc sai cbjfiw se sai psbsi bjc sai dbksadyn* dbksadyn* Sai àywà iq}i`sic dbksadyn @bsaenk`p se se egi{. bjc kj bj bfi ed ijnkfasijic iqblkjbskej. lbj{ viwi yjvknnkjf se ce pe* Bs sakp skli sai àywà vbp edsij pkciswbòic. gnblkjf g nblkjf ]wesipsbjsp dew sai kj`wibpi ed Dwiilbpejw{* Bnsaeyfa ]wesipsbjsp ginkitic kj sai bgknks{ bgknks{ ed ibà }iwpej se kjsiw}wis bjc wibc P`wk}sywip. sabs ckc jes libj sai P`wk}sywip P` wk}sywip viwi e}ij se ryipskej. pini`skjf bjc ckp`bwckjf pi`skejp bs vknn* ]wesipsbjsp il}abpkxic b }iwpejbn winbskejpak} vksa Fec bp e}}epic se b winbskejpak} vksa Fec saweyfa sai àywà. gys ks vbp sai Fec ed sai Gkgni. jes bj{ Fec* Vwkskjf bp nbsi bp 2;4=. Lbwsìj Linëjcix Gbwwbxb vbp psknn gnblkjf ]wesipsbjsp* ]wesipsbjsp* Ai `nbklic Lbpejw{ vbp kjdnyijìc g{ esaiw pi`sp. pi`sp. ip}i`kbnn{ ]wesipsbjsp* Je ceygs kj sai lkccni bjc nbsi 21==‛p saiwi vbp kj`wibpkjf kjsiwb`skej gisviij Lbpejp bjc bj c ]wesipsbjsp bp sai{ vewoic sefisaiw se 71

fbkj èllej febnp. }bwsk`ynbwn{ dwiicel ed ginkid gi nkid dew saepi jes ed sai Welbj @bsaenk` dbksa* Gbwwbxb psbsic sabs Lbpejw{ vbp gewj kj Ijfnbjc bjc gewi sai psbl} ed Bjfnk`bj aiwip{*272 Vakni ks kp swyi sabs peli ]wesipsbjs cijelkjbskejp ckc jes eysnbv Dwiilbpejw{ bp @bsaenk`p abti ceji. lbj{ ]wesipsbjsp viwi pkl}n{ kfjewbjs èjìwjkjf sai sibàkjfp ed Dwiilbpejw{* Sai{ hekjic vksaeys wibnkxkjf ks vbp bj{sakjf lewi sabj b dwbsiwjbn ewfbjkxbskej* Peli Lbpejp itij ginkitic saikw Wksip viwi èjji`sic se ]wesipsbjskpl" Xbnì vwejfn{ psbsic sabs sai [ewo Wksi vbp b èjskjybskej ed sai sibàkjfp ed ]wesipsbjskpl kj ksp lynsk}ni dewlp*277 Bjesaiw }eppkgni db`sew kj sai wb}kc fwevsa ed sai pi`wis pe`kiskip vbp sai èl}bwbskti vibojipp ed sai @bsaenk` @aywà kj Liqkè* Vaij Ksywgkci dinn. sai bwàgkpae} ci}bwsic dew P}bkj* Ejn{ deyw gkpae}p wilbkjic. pkq ckeìpip viwi tb`bjs* G{ B}wkn ed 217; saiwi vbp ejn{ eji gkpae} nids. bp sai ]b}b`{ abc jes fwbjsic }iwlkppkej }iwlkppkej se dknn tb`bj`kip* Sai ]b}b`{ vbp èjìwjic bgeys P}bjkpa wib`skej bjc Diwckjbjc TKK e}}epic jblkjf gkpae}p bjc }bpsewp kj Bliwk`b bp ai ckcj‛s vbjs se wièfjkxi Liqk`bj kjci}ijcijì*270 Aevitiw. sai vibojipp ed sai àywà èync jes abti giij ci`kpkti. bp esaiw èyjswkip iq}iwkijìc b pswejf Lbpejk` kjdnyijì. cip}ksi b aibnsa{ Welbj @bsaenk` }wipijì* Yjceygsicn{ saiwi viwi b tbwkis{ ed e d lesktip dew gièlkjf kjtentic vksa pi`wis pe`kiskip* Eji `bjjes ckpèyjs }ywin{ pindkpa lesktip. sai }eppkgknks{ dew }iwpejbn fbkj saweyfa lbokjf èjji`skejp vksa sai wkfas }ie}ni. sai }eviw }nb{p kj gbnbj`kjf eji pi`s bfbkjps bjesaiw se bàkiti eji‛p evj ijcp* Saiwi viwi lewi bnswykpsk` lesktip bnpe* Vaiwibp eji lkfas ryipskej sai isak`p ed hekjkjf bj ewfbjkxbskej pkl}n{ gi`bypi sai ijc hypskdkic sai libjp. lbj{ hekjic se }welesi vabs sai{ èjpkciwic se gi vewsavakni tbnyip* Kj l{ e}kjkej. sai sve leps kl}ewsbjs wibpejp dew sai kj`wibpi ed Lbpejw{ viwi dkwps. sai nbò ed Welbj @bsaenk` b}}ibn se sai p`wk}sywip bp b gbpkp dew wihi`skjf Dwiilbpejw{ bjc pièjcn{. sai pswejf cipkwi ej sai }bws ed nkgiwbnp se dkjc b pswy`sywi se èl}isi vksa sai }eviw bjc kjdnyijì ed sai Welbj @bsaenk` @aywà* Lbj{ pbv Lbpejw{ bp hyps pyà bj ewfbjkxbskej* Sai pi`wi`{ ed ksp liiskjfp lbci ks bj kcibn bjc bsswb`skti kjpswylijs se `bww{ eys e}}epkskej* Saiwi kp lyà ckp`yppkej bgeys vaisaiw Dwiilbpejw{ kp b winkfkej* winkfkej* @iwsbkjn{ sai swb}}kjfp bwi saiwi8 sai tipslijsp. sai bnsbw. sai wksybn. sai gywkbn wksip bjc b dbkwn{ yjkdewl p{psil ed ginkid* Jitiwsainipp. bp psbsic ibwnkiw. }ie}ni hekjic dew esaiw sabj winkfkeyp wibpejp. kj`nyckjf }enksk`bn. pe`kbn. bjc }iwpejbn fbkj* Jitiwsainipp. ks piilic se gièli b winkfkej se lbj{ Liqk`bjp. lij lij vae 7;

nids sai @bsaenk` àywà* Kj Dwiilbpejw{ sai{ deyjc dinnevpak} dinnevpak} bjc gwesaiwaeec. b ginkid kj sai kjjbsi feecjipp bjc `b}bgknks{ ed lbj. ijtine}ic vksa b l{psiwkeyp. pi`wis wksybnkpsk` wksybnkpsk` bywb* Bp sai{ }wefwippic dwel cifwii se cifwii sai{ neeoic dewvbwc se b dkjbn bpìjs se sai Fwbjc Necfi ej Akfa* @bsaenk`p bnpe bwi edsij sbyfas sai{ abti peli wip}ejpkgknks{ dew vewokjf eys saikw evj pbntbskej* Aevitiw. lyà ed Lbpejk` sibàkjf kp èjswbw{ se @bsaenk`kpl* @el}welkpi5 @ejdnk`s5 Ks piilic se li saiwi vbp lewi ed sai dewliw dewliw sabj sai nbssiw kj Liqkè. ip}i`kbnn{ kj sai ibwn{ }iwkec dennevkjf dennevkjf Kjci}ijcijì* Sakp kp b dbp`kjbskjf dbp`kjbskjf }iwkec. b skli vaij sai {eyjf jbskej vbp fbsaiwkjf kcibp dwel lbj{ ckwi`skejp. b skli kj vakà Liqkè vbp piiokjf se ipsbgnkpa aiw evj kcijsks{* Lbpejw{ kp gys eji db`sew bjc jiicp se gi piij kj nkfas ed sai kjsinni`sybn `ywwijsp ed sai skli* Sai èjdnk`s gisviij sai `wepp bjc sai èl}bpp kp b èjdnk`s èjdnk`s vksa lbj{ dbìsp. cipiwtkjf ed dywsaiw psyc{*

2

Hipøp Fyskëwwix Fbw`kb _Dinkq Jbtbwwissi\ Lbpejw{ kj sai Akpsew{ bjc sai Nbvp ed Liqkè !Lëqkè8 Icksewkbn Hyp. P*B*. 2;96+ }}* 727,723* 7

Bngiws Lbòi{. `ksic g{ Hblip C* @bwsiw. „Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp“ !]aC ckppiwsbskej. Yjktiwpks{ ed Siqbp. 2;93+. }* 7* 0

Inkxbgisa J* Lknnp. „Cej Tbnijskj Fðlix Dbwìbp bjc sai Citine}lijs ed akp ]enksk`bn Kcibp.“ !Saipkp. YJBL. 2;96+. }* 2;4* 3

Hbò Abwwkp. Dwiilbpejw{8 Sai Kjtkpkgni @yns kj eyw Lkcps !Sevpej. Lbw{nbjc8 G{ sai Bysaew. 2;10+. }}* 77,70* 9

Hipøp Fyskëwwix Fbw`kb _Dinkq Jbtbwwissi\ Lbpejw{ kj sai Akpsew{ bjc sai Nbvp ed Liqkè !Lëqkè8 Icksewkbn Hyp. P*B*. 2;96+ }* 2=* 4

Ij`{`ne}bickb Gwksbjjk`b. 22 sa Ic*. p*t*“Fykncp.“ g{ @abwnip Fwepp*

6

@bsaenk` Ij`{`ne}bckb. 2;46. p*t* Dwiilbpejw{.“ g{ V* H* Vabnij*

1

Lknnp. „Cej Tbnijsìj Fðlix Dbwìbp.“ }* 2;6*

;

Hipøp Fyskëwwix Fbw`kb _Dinkq Jbtbwwissi\ Lbpejw{ kj sai Akpsew{ bjc sai Nbvp ed Liqkè !Lëqkè8 Icksewkbn Hyp. P*B*. 2;96+ }* 2=* 2=

Abwwkp. Dwiilbpejw{8 sai Kjtkpkgni @yns kj eyw Lkcps. }* 70*

0=

22

@bwsiw. „Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp.“ }* 72*

27

Hepë B* Diwwbw Gijklinnk. Sai Pi`wis Tbsk`bj Bwàktip bjc Lbpejw{. !@bwb`bp8 @bsaenk` Yjktiwpks{. „Bjcwëp Ginnep.“ 2;64+. }* 672* 20

Lknnp. „Cej Tbnijsìj Fðlix Dbwìbp.“ }* 2;6*

23

@bwsiw. “Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp.“ }}* ;,2=*

29

Kgkc*. }* 9*

24

Bj Ij`{`ne}ickb ed Dwiilbpejw{. 2;24. p*t*. „@awkpskbjkxbskej.“ Bngiws F* Lbòi{*

26

Kgkc*. „Wipywwi`skej.“ B*F* Lbòi{*

21

Kgkc*. „Bjskryks{ ed Dwiilbpejw{.“ B*F* Lbòi{*

2;

Kgkc*. „Gkgni.“ B*F* Lbòi{*

7=

Kgkc*. „Winkfkej ed Lbpejw{.“ B*F* Lbòi{*

72

Wegiws K* @niff* Sai Ij`{`ne}ickb Abjcgeeo Abjcgeeo !Jiv [ewo8 Lbpejk` Lbpejk` Akpsew{ @e* 2;26+

77

Fyskëwwix. Lbpejw{ kj Akpsew{. }}* 727,723*

70

C* Dënkx Pbwcâ { Pbntbj{. Lbpejw{ bjc @bsaenk`kpl !Gbwìnejb8 Nkgwiwìb { Sk}efwbdìb @bsðnk`b. 2119+. }}* 4,24* 73

Kgkc*. }}* 77,06*

79

Kgkc*. }}* 0;,93*

76

Kgkc*. }}* 99,40*

71

Lbjybn ci nb lbpejiwìb.!Lbjybn ed Lbpejw{+ }* 06. bp `ksic kj Lbwsìj Linëjcix Gbwwbxb. Nb lbpejiwìb { py pksyb`kðj `bjðjk`b. !Lbpejw{ bjc ksp `bjejk`bn pksybskej+!Gefesâ8 Icks* Tese Jb`kejbn. 2;4=+. }* 36* 7;

Gbwwbxb. Nb lbpejiwìb { py pksyb`kðj `bjðjk`b. !Lbpejw{ bjc ksp `bjejk`bn pksybskej }* 97*

0=

Ck`skejbkwi ci nb Dek @bsaenkryi.!Ck`skejbw{ ed sai @bsaenk` dbksa+ KK. ]* 273. bp `ksic kj

Gbwwbxb. }* 92* 02

Gbwwbxb. Nb lbpejiwìb { py pksyb`kðj `bjðjk`b. !Lbpejw{ bjc ksp `bjejk`bn pksybskej }}* 16,1;*

02

07

Kgkc*. }}* 2=6,2=1*

00

@bsaenk` Ij`{`ne}ickb. 2;46. p*t*. „Dwiilbpejw{.“ g{ V* H* Vabnij*

03

Cw* Sôaôsôl Jbf{. Hipyksbp { lbpejip !Hipyksp bjc Lbpejp+ !Gyijep Bkwip8 Ick`kðj cin bysew. 2;40+. }}* 020,024* 09

Kgkc*. }}* 0;0,0;3*

04

Kgkc*. }}* 317,3;;*

06

Nb Lbpejiwìb ij Ip}bòb.!Lbpejw{ kj P}bkj+ bp `ksic g{ Nknnkbj Dkpaiw. „Ibwn{ Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè.“ Akpsewk`bn Rybwsiwn{ 37 !Hbjybw{ 2;0;+. }* 2;1* 01

Pbwcâ { Pbntbj{. Lbpejkple { `bsenk`kple. !Lbpejw{ bjc @bsaenk`kpl+. }* 71*

0;

@bsaenk` Ij`{`ne}ickb. 2;46. p*t*. „Dwiilbpejw{. „ g{ V* H* Vabnij*

3=

Hepë b* Diwwbw. „Lbpejiwìb { nb Kjci}ijcij`kb ci Bliwk`b Ip}bòenb.“!Lbpejw{ bjc sai Kjci}ijcijì ed P}bjkpa Bliwk`b+ Bjybwke ci ipsyckep bliwk`bjep 09 !2;61+8}* 262* 32

Kgkc*. }* 26=*

37

Saelbp G* Cbtkp. Bp}i`sp ed Dwiilbpejw{ kj Leciwj Liqkè. !Jiv [ewo8 Tbjsbfi ]wipp. 2;64+. }* qt* 30

Nknnkbj I* Dkpaiw. Ibwn{ Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè. 21=4,2171.“ Peysavipsiwj Akpsewk`bn Rybwsiwn{ 37 !Hbjybw{ 2;0;+. }* 2;1* 33

@bwsiw. Hblip. Dwiilbpejw{ Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp. Siqbp. }}* 742. 76=* 76=*

39

Ny`bp Bnblâj. Akpsewkb ci Lëhkè. !Akpsew{ ed Liqkè+ icksic g{ @bwnep ]iwi{wb !Lëqkè8 icksewkbn Hyp. 2;37+. }* 72 34

Lknnp. Cej Tbnijsìj Fðlix Dbwìbp. }* 2;1*

36

Bnblâj. Akpsewkb ci Lëhkè. }*01*

31

Kgkc*. }* 3=

3;

Wkàbwc I* Fwiijnibd. „Sai Liqk`bj Kjrykpkskej bjc sai Lbpejk` Letilijs8 2692,217=.“ Jiv Liqkè Akpsewk`bn Witkiv Witkiv 33. je* 7 !B}wkn 2;4;+. }* 2=1* 9=

Geew. Lbpejiwìb. bp `ksic kj @bwsiw. Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp. }* 744* 92

Fyskëwwix. Nb Lbpejiwìb ij nb akpsewkb.!Lbpejw{ kj akpsew{+ }* 74*

07

97

@bwsiw. „Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp.“ dwel akp }iwpejbn ènni`skej. Inipke ]bwicip. „Nb lbpejiwìb Lbsblewipi ij nb akpsewkb { nb ni{ijcb*“!Lbsblewbp Lbpejw{ kj akpsew{ bjc nifijc+ 90

Nykp H* Xbnì { Wecwkfyix. B}yjsip }bwb nb akpsewkb ci nb lbpejiwìb ij Lëqkè. ci lkp ni`sywbp { lkp wi`yiwcep. .!Jesip dew sai akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{. dwel l{ wibckjf bjc wililgwbjìp+ !Lëqkè8 L**J* ci nb Tifb. 2130+. }* 72* 93

Newijxe ci Xbtbnb. Ijpb{e akpsewkè ci nbp witeny`kejip ci Lëqkè cipci 21=1,210= !Akpsewk`bn ippb{ ed sai witenyskejp ed Liqkè dwel 21=1,210=+!Lëqkè8 L*J* ci nb Tifb. 2139+. }* 72* 99

Xbnì. B}yjsip }bwb nb akpsewkb. .!Jesip dew sai akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{+ }}* 0,9*

94

Fwiijnibd. Wkàbwc I*. Sai Liqk`bj Kjrykpkskej bjc sai Lbpejk` Letilijs.“ }}* 2=6,222*

96

Hepë Lbwìb Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb lbpejiwìb ci Lëqkè. cipci 21=4 abpsb 2113.!Akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè dwel 21=4,2113+ !Lëqkè. 2113+. }* ;* 91

Xbnì. B}yjsip }bwb nb akpsewkb. .!Jesip dew sai akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{+ }* 6*

9;

Heaj N* L`Nikpa. Akfankfasp ed sai Liqk`bj Witenyskej !@kj`kjjbsk8 Lijbì ]ygnkpakjf @e*. 2;21+. }*79* 4=

Hepë Lbwìb Nykp Lewb. Egwbp pyinsbp.!lkpìnnbjieyp pyinsbp.!lkpìnnbjieyp vwkskjfp+ !Lëqkè8 Icksewkbn ]ewwyb. P*B*. 2;40+. }}* 6,;* 42


47

Xbnì. B}yjsip }bwb nb akpsewkb. !Jesip dew akpsew{+}* 71*

40

Bnblâj. Akpsewkb ci Lëhkè. }}* 010,013*

43

Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb lbpejiwìb. }* 29*

49

@bwsiw. „Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp. }* 767*

44

Bnblâj. Akpsewkb ci Lëhkè. }* 496*

46

Fyskëwwix. Nb Lbpejiwìb ij nb akpsewkb. }*9=*

41

Kgkc. }* 01*

4;

Hepë Dyijsip Lbwip. Akpsewkb ci yjb fwbj kjswkfb. !Akpsew{ ed b fwibs kjswkfyi+ !Lëqkè. Ick`kejip Eìbje. P*B*. 2;17+. }* ;;* 6=

Xbtbnb. Ijpb{e akpsðwkè ci nbp witeny`kejip. !Akpsewk`bn ippb{ ed sai witenyskejp+ }* 794*

62

Fiewfi Dkpaiw. „Dwiilbpejw{ kj Liqkè.“ Lbpejk` Witkiv !E`segiw 2191+8 }}* 9,6*

67

Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb lbpejiwìb. }}* 29,24*

00

60

Xbtbnb. Ijpb{e akpsðwkè ci nbp witeny`kejip. !Akpsewk`bn ippb{ ed sai witenyskejp+ }* 794*

63

Wkàbwc I* @akpl. Yjb èjswkgy`kðj èjswkgy`kðj b nb akpsewkb lbpðjk`b ci Lëqkè !B èjswkgyskej se sai sai Lbpejk` akpsew{ ed Liqkè+ !Lëqkè. Kl}wi* Cin lkjiwe liqk`bje. 21;;+. }* 29* 69

Bnblâj. Akpsewkb ci Lëhkè. }* 642*

64

Cep èjpsksy{ijsip cin bòe 2173. !Sve èjpsksyijsp dwel sai {ibw 2173+ bp `ksic kj Nknnkbj Dkpaiw. „Ibwn{ Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè.“ }* 7=4* 66

Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb lbpejiwìb. }}* 72. 0;

61

Hepë W* Fyxlâj. „]wep`wk}`kðj ci pe`kicbcip pi`wisbp. ij 2171.“ !Eysnbvkjf ed pi`wis pe`kiskip kj 2171+ Geniskj cin bwàkte fijiwbn ci nb jb`kðj 6 !Gynniskj ed sai fijiwbn bwàkti ed sai jbskej+ !2;44+. }* 4;3* 6;

Fyskëwwix. Nb lbpejiwìb ij nb akpsewkb. }}* 94,96*

1=

Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb lbpejiwìb. }}*26,7=*

12

Nknnkbj Dkpaiw. „Ibwn{ Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè. „ ]* 7=6*

17

Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb lbpejiwìb. }* 72*

10

Fiewfi Dkpaiw. Dwiilbpejw{ kj Liqkè.“ }* 6*

13

In Pen. Lb{ 7. 2;74 bjc Fyxlâj. „]wep`wk}`kðj ci pe`kicbcip pi`wisbp ij 2171.“ !Eysnbvkjf ed pi`wis pe`kiskip kj 2171+ Genisìj cin Bwàkte fijiwbn ci nb jb`kðj 6 !2;44+. }* 4;1* 19

Pi`wisbwkb ci winb`kejip iqsiwkewp { kjsiwkewp* kjsiwkewp* Kjdewli pegwi nb iqkpsij`kb ci ci nefkbp lbpðjk`bp. py jøliwe. cijelkjb`kejip. eghisep. èjpi`yij`kbp․!Jeskì bgeys necfip. saikw jylgiw. jblip. eghi`sktip. èjpi`yijìp+ !Lëqkè8 Kl}w* Cin Py}wile fegkiwje. 21 ci je* 2174+. }}* 9,27* 14

In Pen. Ci`* ;. 2174*

16

Pii @bwsiw. „Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp.“ }* 712? Fyxlâj. „]wep`wk}`kðj ci pe`kicbcip pi`wisbp.“ !Eysnbvkjf ed pi`wis pe`kiskip kj 2171+ }* 4;6? Nknnkbj Nknnkbj Dkpaiw. “Ibwn{ Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè.“ }* 722? 722? @akpl. Yjb èjswkgy`kðj b nb akpsðwk`b lbpðjk`b. }* 21.? bjc Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb lbpejiwìb. }}* 7;,02* 11

L`Nikpa. Akfankfasp ed sai Liqk`bj Witenyskej. }* 09*

1;

Lkàbin ]* @epsinei. Nb }wkliwb wi}ygnk`b diciwbn ci Lëqkè !Sai dkwps diciwbn wi}ygnk` ed Liqkè+ !Jiv [ewo8 Tbjsbfi ]wipp. 2;64+. }}* 1;,;2* ;=

Kgkc*. }* ;;

;2

Bndejpe Hyjè. „Nb lbpejiwìb èjcijbce }ew nep }weaelgwip ci nb kjci}ijcij`kb.“ !Lbpejw{ èjciljic g{ sai nibciwp ed kjci}ijcijì+ @ybciwjep Akp}bjebliwk`bjep. Akp}bjebliwk`bjep. 0= !2;97+8 }* 77*

03

;7

Bfyknb Liqk`bjb. Pi}silgiw 26. 2171*

;0

Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb Lbpejiwìb ij Lëqkè. }* 00*

;3


;9

Wktb ]bnb`ke. KT. 231. bp `ksic kj Nknnkbj Dkpaiw. „Ibwn{ Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè.“ }* 720*

;4

Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb Lbpejiwìb ij Lëqkè. }}* 0;,30*

;6

Kgkc*.}}* 34,31*

;1

Xbnì. B}yjsip }bwb nb akpsewkb ci nb Lbpejiwìb. .!Jesip dew sai akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{+ }* 63*

;;

]weìickjfp ed sai Fwbjc Necfi ed Jiv [ewo bp `ksic kj @bwsiw. „Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp.“ }*

711* 2==

Pii @akpl. Yjb èjswkgy`kðj b nb akpsðwk`b lbpðjk`b. !B èjswkgyskej se Liqk`bj akpsew{+ }* 2;? bjc Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb Lbpejiwìb ij Lëqkè. !Akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè+}* 93* 2=2

Lbsiep. Akpsewkb ci nb Lbpejiwìb ij Lëqkè. !Akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè+ }}* 94,9;*

2=7

Pklðj,Nð}ix. C*. „Cip}iwsbcew @wkpskbje,}enksìè.“ !@awkpskbj,}enksk`bn !@awkpskbj,}enksk`bn vboiy}+ !Lëqkè8 Xyòkfb { Ejsktiwep. 21=;+. }}* 9,1* 2=0

In kjfijye !}piyce*+. „Pk tijcwbj b piw nbp èwsip èle in sewe àkàbwwej.“ !Kd sai èjfwipp gièlip nkoi sai pyjgywjic pyjgywjic gynn+ !Lëqkè8 C* Hepë Lbwkb Gijsbjèyws. Gijsbjèyws. 2177+. }}* 2,6* 2=3

Hiddiwpej Wib P}inn. Sai Nkdi bjc Vewop ed Hepë Hebrykj Diwjâjcix ci Nkxbwck !Yjktiwpks{ ed ]ijjp{ntbjkb8 ]a*C* ckppiwsbskej. 2;02+. }* 01* 2=9

Kgkc*. }}* 24. 7;,02*

2=4

Hepë Hebryìj Diwjâjcix ci Nkxbwck. „Cidijpb ci nep Dwbj`lbpejip“ !Cidijpi ed Dwiilbpejp+ !Lëqkè8 H*H*L* Gijbtijsi { pe`kep. 2177+. }}* 7,6* 2=6

In }b}kpsb !}piyce*+. „@bp`bginip bn fbse*“!Ginnp ej sai `bs+ !Lëqkè8 C* Lbwkbje Ejsktiwep. 2177+. }}* 2,6* 2=1

Hepë Hebryìj Diwjâjcix ci Nkxbwck. „Pk in fbse pb`b nbp yòbp. pi cip}wijci in `bp`bgin.“ !Kd sai `bs sboip eys ksp jbknp. sai ginn kp neepic+ !Lëqkè. C*H*L* Gijbtijsi { pe`kep. 2177+. }}* 2,6* 2=;

P}inn. Sai Nkdi bjc Vewop ed Nkxbwck. }}* 0;,92*

22=

]byn Wbckj. Sai E}}ejijsp bjc Dwkijcp ed Nkxbwck !Pbj Dwbj`kpè8 @bnkdewjkb Psbsi Nkgwbw{. 2;0;+. }}* 76. 06* 222

„Bnfe ci lbpejp.“ Pelisakjf ed Lbpejp+ Lëqkè8 Kl}wi* Cin Bfyknb. 2176+. }}* 3,1*

09

227

In Cidijpew ci nb Winkfkðj. !Cidijciw ed winkfkej+ Hyn{ 29. 2171*

220

C* Nâxbwe ci nb Fbwxb { Gbnnipsiwep. Piwlej.29 ci ijiwe ci 2100 Lëqkè8 Tex ci nb winkfkðj. !Liqkè. Tekì ed winkfkej. Piwlej ed Hyn{ 29. 2171 .}}* 9,27*+ 223

C*Hybj Gbyskpsb Ewlbiàib { Iwjbkx. @bwsb }bpsewbn pegwi ]wesipsbjskple { Dwbj`lbpejiwìb !]bpsewbn nissiw ej ]wesipsbjskpl bjc Dwiilbpejw{+. !Lëqkè8 Kl}wi* Ci Nbwb. 2166+. }}* 2,23* 229

Gijklinnk. Nep bwàktep pi`wisep tbsk`bjep. !pi`wis Tbsk`bj bwàktip+ . }* 6=1*

224

Kgkc*. }}* 67=,677*

226

Xbtbnb. Ijpb{e Akpsðwkè ci nbp witeny`kejip ci Lëqkè. vksa b dewivewc g{ Bndejpe Sewe. }}* K,KK* !Akpsewk`bn ippb{ ed sai witenyskejp witenyskejp ed Liqkè+ 221

Tkìjsi We`bdyiwsi. Ijpb{e pegwi seniwbj`kb winkfkepb !Ippb{ ej winkfkeyp seniwbjì+ !Lëqkè8 Kl}wi* Ci Wktiwb. 2102+. }}* 0,9* 22;

Kgkc*. }}* 29,7=*

27=

Kgkc*. }}* 74. 64*

272

Gbwwbxb. Nb Lbpejiwìb { py pksyb`kðj `bjðjk`b. !Lbpejw{ bjc ksp `bjejk`bn pksybskej+ }}* 0=,

277

Xbnì. B}yjsip }bwb nb Akpsewkb Akpsewkb ci nb Lbpejiwìb.!Jesip dew sai akpsew{ akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{+ }* 62*

07*

270

Lbwkbje @yitbp. Akpsewkb ci nb kfnipkb ij Lëqkè.!Akpsew{ ed sai àywà kj Liqkè+ !In ]bpe8 Witkpsb @bsðnk`b. 2;71+. }* 294*

Gkgnkefwb}a{

]wklbw{ Peywìp

Bnblbj. Ny`bp* Akpsewkb ci Lëhkè. T !kj @eni``kðj @eni``kðj ci fwbjcip bysewip liqk`bjep. liqk`bjep. icksic g{ @bwnep ]iwi{wb+* !Akpsew{ ed Liqkè. T. kj ènni`skej ed dbleyp Liqk`bj bysaewp+ Lëqkè8 Icksewkbn Hyp. 2;37* Bnfe ci Lbpejip* !Pelisakjf ed Lbpejp+ Lëqkè8 L ëqkè8 Kl}wi* Cin Bfyknb. 2176* @akpl. Wkàbwc I* Yjb èjswkgy`kðj b nb akpsewkb lbpðjk`b lbpðjk`b ci Lëqkè* !B èjswkgyskej èjswkgyskej se Lbpejk` akpsew{ ed Liqkè+ Lëqkè8 Kl}wi* cin lkjiwe liqk`bje. 21;;*

04

Diwjâjcix ci Nkxbwck. Hepë Hebrykj* Hebrykj* 'Cidijpb ci nep Dwbj`lbpejip*' !Cidijpi !Cidijpi ed Dwiilbpejp+ Lëqkè8 Kl}wi ci C*H* L* Gijbtijsi { pe`kep. 2177* UUUUUUUU'Pk in fbse fbse pb`b nbp yòbp. pi cip}wijci in `bp`bgin*' !Kp sai sai `bs paevp akp jbknp. sai ginn kp neepic+ Lëqkè8 Kl}wi* ci C* H* L* Gijbtijsi { pe`kep. 2177* Dkpaiw. Fiewfi* 'Dwiilbpejw{ kj Liqkè*' Liqkè*' Lbpejk` Witkiv !E`segiw. 2191+89,1* Fbwxb { Gbnnipsiwep. C* Nbxbwe. bwxegkp}e ci Lëqkè* Lëqkè* Piwlðj. 29 ci ijiwe !Hbjybw{+ ci 2100* 2100* Lëqkè8 Tex ci nb winkfkðj. !tekì ed sai winkfkej+ 2197* _In Kjfijye\ 'Pk tijcwbj b piw nbp èwsip èle in sewe àkàbwwej*'!]iwab}p sai èjfwipp vknn gièli nkoi sai pyjgywjic gynn"+ gynn"+ Lëqkè8 Kl}wi* ci Hepë Lbwkb Gisbjèyws. Gisbjèyws. 2177* Lbòi{. Bngiws F* Bj Ij`{`ne}bickb ed Dwiilbpejw{. Jiv Witkpic Witkpic Ickskej* Jiv [ewo bjc Nejcej8 Sai Lbpejk` Akpsew{ @el}bj{* Lbsiep. Hepë Lbwkb* Akpsewkb ci nb Lbpejiwìb ci Liqkè. cipci cipci 21=4 abpsb abpsb 2113* Sele TK ci nb @eni``kðj Sipskfep { Sipsklejkep* !Akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè. dwel 21=4 se 2113. Ten* TK ed sai @enni`skej ed vksjippip bjc sipsklejkip+ Lëqkè8 2113* Lewb. Hepë Nykp* Egwbp Pyinsbp* Pyinsbp* !lkpìnnbjieyp vwkskjfp+ 7*ic* Lëqkè8 Icksewkbn Icksewkbn ]ewwyb. 2;40* Ewlbiàib { Iwjxkb. Iwjxkb. C* Hybj Gbyskpsb* Gbyskpsb* @bwsb }bpsewbn pegwi ]wesipsbjskple ]wesipsbjskple { Dwbj`lbpejiwìb* Dwbj`lbpejiwìb* !]bpsewbn nissiw ej ]wesipsbjskpl bjc Dwiilbpejw{+ Lëqkè8 Kl}wi* ci Nbwb. 2166* _In ]b}kpsb\ '@bp`bginip bn fbse*'!Ginnp ej sai `bs+ Lëqkè8 C* Lbwkbje Ejsktiwep. 2177* We`bdyiwsi. Tkìjsi* Ijpb{e pegwi seniwbj`kb winkfkepb* winkfkepb* !Ippb{ ej winkfkeyp winkfkeyp seniwbjì+ Lëqkè8 Kl}w* ci Wktiwb. 2102* Pbwcâ { Pbntbj{. C* Dënkq* Lbpejkple { @bsenk`kple* @bsenk`kple* !Lbpejw{ bjc @bsaenk`kpl+ @bsaenk`kpl+ Gbwìnejb8 Nkgwiwìb { Sk}efwbdìb @bsðnk`b. 2119* Pi`wisbwkb ci winb`kejip iqsiwkewip { kjsiwkewip* !Pi`wisbw{ ed iqsiwkew bjc kjsiwkew winbskejp+ Kjdewli pegwi nb iqkpsij`kb ci nefkbp. py jyliwe. cijelkjb`kejip. eghisep. èjpi`yij`kbp* !Jeskì bgeys necfip. saikw jylgiw. jblip. eghi`sktip. èjpi`yijìp+ Lëqkè8 Kl}w* cin Py}wile fegkiwje. 21 ci jet* ci 2174* Pklej,Ne}ix. C* Cip}iwsbcew @wkpskbje,}enkskè* !@awkpskbj,}enksk`bn vboiy}+ Lëqkè8 Xyòkfb { Ejsktiwep8 21=;* Xbtbnb. Newijxe ci* Ijpb{e Akpsðwkè Akpsðwkè ci nbp witeny`kejip witeny`kejip ci Lëqkè cipci 21=1,210=* 21=1,210=* !Akpsewk`bn ippb{ ed sai witenyskejp ed Liqkè dwel 21=1,210=+ Lëqkè8 L* J* ci nb Tifb. 2139* Jivp}b}iwp Bfyknb Liqk`bje !Liqk`bj Ibfni+

06

Cidijpew ci nb winkfkej !Cidijciw ed winkfkej+ In Pen !Sai pyj+

Pièjcbw{ Peywìp

Gbwwbxb Linëjcix. Lbwsìj* Nb lbpejiwìb { py pksyb`kðj `bjðjk`b* !Lbpejw{ bjc ksp `bjejk`bn `bjejk`bn pksybskej+ Gefbsâ8 Icks* Tese Jb`kejbn. 2;4=* Gijklinnk. Hepë B* Diwwbw* Nep bwàktep pi`wisep tbsk`bjep tbsk`bjep { nb lbpejiwìb* !Pi`wis Tbsk`bj bwàktip bwàktip bjc Lbpejw{+ @bwb`bp8 Yjktiwpkcbc `bsðnk`b. 'Bjcwip Ginne.' Ginne.' 2;64* UUUUUUUUUUU'Lbpejiwìb UUUUUUUUUUU'Lbpejiwìb { nb Kjci}ijcij`kb ci Bliwk`b Bliwk`b Ip}bòenb.' !Lbpejw{ bjc sai kjci}ijcijì ed P}bjkpa Bliwk`b+ Bjybwke ci Ipsyckep Bliwk`bjep 09 !2;61+8 29;,266* @bwsiw. Hblip Cbtkc* 'Dwiilbpejw{ kj Siqbp*' ]a* C* ckppiwsbskej. ckppiwsbskej. Y* ed Siqbp. 2;93* @bsaenk` Ij`{`ne}ickb. 2;46. 'Dwiilbpejw{.' g{ V* H* Vabnij* @epsinei. L* ]* Nb }wkliwb wi}ygnk`b diciwbn ci Lëqkè* !Sai dkwps diciwbn wi}ygnk` ed Liqkè+ Lëqkè8 Dejce ci @ynsywb Ièjðlk`b. 2;69* @yitbp. Lbwkbje* Akpsewkb ci nb kfnipkb ij Lëqkè* Lëqkè* !Akpsew{ ed sai àywà kj Liqkè+ Lëqkè8 Dejce ci @ynsywb Ièjðlk`b. 2;69* Cbtkp. Saelbp G* Bp}i`sp ed Dwiilbpejw{ kj Leciwj Leciwj Liqkè* Jiv [ewo8 Tbjsbfi ]wipp. 2;64* 2;64* Dkpaiw. Nknnkbj I* 'Ibwn{ Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè. 21=4,2171.' 21=4,2171.' Peysavipsiwj Akpsewk`bn Akpsewk`bn Rybwsiwn{ 37 !Hbjybw{. 2;0;+ 2;1,723* Fbw`kb Fyskëwwix Hipøp* _Dinkq Jbtbwwissi\ Jbtbwwissi\ Nb Lbpejiwìb ij nb akpsewkb { ij nbp nbp ni{ip ci Lëqkè* Dkfywbp { i}kpeckep ci nb akpsewb ci Lëqkè. je* 34* !Lbpejw{ !Lbpejw{ kj sai akpsew{ bjc nbvp ed ed Liqkè* Dkfywip bjc i}kpecip ed Liqk`bj akpsew{+ Lëqkè8 Icksewkbn Hyp. P* B*. 2;96* Fwiijnibd. Wkàbwc I* 'Sai Liqk`bj Kjrykpkskej bjc sai Lbpejk` Letilijs8 2692,217=.' Jiv Liqkè Akpsewk`bn Witkiv 33. je* 7 !B}wkn 2;4;+ ;0,226* Fyxlâj. Hepë W* ']wep`wk}`kðj ci pe`kicbcip pi`wisbp. ij 2171*' !Eysnbvkjf ed pi`wis pe`kiskip kj 2171+ Genisìj cin Bwàkte fijiwbn ci nb jb`kðj 6 !2;44+8 4;0,6;=* Abwwkp. Hbò* Dwiilbpejw{8 sai Kjtkpkgni Kjtkpkgni @yns kj eyw Lkcps* Sevpej. Lc8 Hbò Abwwkp. 2;10* Hyjè. Bndejpe* 'Nb lbpejiwìb èjcijbce }ew nep nep }weaelgwip ci nb kjci}ijcij`kb*' kjci}ijcij`kb*' !Lbpejw{ èjciljic g{ sai lbkj dkfywip ed kjci}ijcijì+ @ybciwjep Akp}bjebliwk`bjep. Akp}bjebliwk`bjep. 0; !2;97+ 7;9,0=0*

01

L`Nikpa. Heaj Nivkp* Nivkp* Akfankfasp ed sai Liqk`bj Witenyskej* Witenyskej* @kj`kjjbsk8 Lijbì ]ygnkpakjf @e*. @e*. 2;21* Lknnp. Inkxbgisa Jein* 'Cej 'Cej Tbnijskj Felëx Dbwìbp { in cipbwwenne cipbwwenne ci pyp kcibp }enìsk`bp*' }enìsk`bp*' !Cej Tbnijskj Felëx Dbwìbp bjc sai citine}lijs citine}lijs ed akp }enksk`bn }enksk`bn kcibp+ Sipìp. Lëqkè8 YJBL. 2;96* 2;96* Jbf{. Cw* Sôaesôl* Hipyksbp { Lbpejip* Gyijep Bkwip8 Ick`kðj cin bysew. 2;40* 2;40* Wbckj. ]byn* Sai E}}ejijsp bjc Dwkijcp ed Nkxbwck* Pbj Dwbj`kpè8 @bnkdewjkb @bnkdewjkb Psbsi Nkgwbw{. 2;0;* 2;0;* P}inn. Hiddiwpej Wib* 'Sai Nkdi bjc Vewop Vewop ed Hepë Hebrykj Diwjâjcix ci ci Nkxbwck*' ]a*C* ckppiwsbskej. ckppiwsbskej. Yjktiwpks{ ed ]ijjp{ntbjkb. 2;02* Xbnì { Wecwkfyix. Nykp* H* B}yjsip }bwb nb akpsewkb akpsewkb ci nb lbpejiwìb ij Lëqkè. ci lkp ni`sywbp { lkp wi`yiwcep* !Jesip ej sai akpsew{ ed Lbpejw{ kj Liqkè. dwel l{ wibckjfp bjc l{ lilewkip+ Lëqkè. 2;9=*

0;

THE CROSS AND THE COMPASS - COMPROMISE AND CONFLICT

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