Analyze the generic structures of the three text ! and are sure that the three texts are categorized into descriptive text ? Elaborate your answer!
1. Generic Structur Structur e of of Descriptive Descriptive Text. Text 1. EIFFEL TOWER
IDENTIFICATION
(General identification: where, who, when, and what)
Important Detail 1 (The heigh)
DESCRIPTION
Important Detail – 2 (The heigh)
The Eiffel Tower is a wrought iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named named after after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose whose company company designed and built the tower. Constructed from 1887 –89 as the entrance to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticized by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, but it has become a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable recognisable structures in the world. The Eiffel Tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015. The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same same height as an 81-storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base base is square, measuring measuring 125 metres (410 ft) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument tobecome tobecome the tallest man-made structure structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second tallest structure structure in France after the Millau Millau Viaduct. The tower has three levels for visitors, with restaurants on the first and second levels. The top level's upper platform is 276 m (906 ft) above the ground – the highest observation deck accessible accessible to the public in the the European Union. Tickets Tickets can be purchased to ascend by stairs or lift (elevator) to the first and second levels. The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the climb from the first level to the second. Although there is a staircase to the top level, it is usually accessible only by lift.
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Text 2. DEMOCRACY
IDENTIFICATION
DESCRIPTION
Democracy, in modern usage, is a system of government in which the citizens exercise power directly or elect representatives from among themselves to form a governing body, such as a parliament. Democracy is sometimes sometimes referred to as "rule of the majority". Democracy is a system of processing conflicts in which outcomes depend on what participants do, but no single force controls what occurs and its outcomes. The uncertainty of outcomes is inherent in democracy, which makes all forces struggle repeatedly for the realization of their interests, being the devolution of power from a group of people to a set of rules. Western democracy, as distinct from that that which Important Detail 1: existed in pre-modern societies, is generally considered to have originated in city states The origin of such as Classical Athens Athens and the Roman Republic, Republic, where various schemes schemes and democracy degrees of enfranchisement of the free male population were observed before the form disappeared in the West at the the beginning of late antiquity. The English English word dates to the 16th century, from the older Middle French and Middle Latin equivalents. According to political scientist Larry Diamond, democracy consists of four key Important Detail 2 elements: a political system for choosing and replacing the government through free Four key elements elements in and fair elections; the active participation participation of the people, as citizens, in politics and civic democracy life; protection of of the human rights of all all citizens; a rule of law, in which which the laws and procedures apply equally to all citizens. The term appeared in the 5th century BC, to denote the political systems then existing in Greek city-states, city-states, notably Athens, to mean mean "rule of the people", people", in contrast to aristocracy ( ἀριστοκρατία, aristokratía), meaning "rule of an elite". While theoretically Important Detail 3: these definitions are in opposition, in practice the distinction has been blurred History of democracy historically. The political system of Classical Athens, Athens, for example, granted democratic democratic and democracy with (General identification: where, who, when, and what)
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Text 3. ENCYCLOPEDIA of LANGUAGE and EDUCATION
IDENTIFICATION
DESCRIPTION
This is one of ten volumes of the Encyclopedia of Language and Education published by Springer. The Encyclopedia bears testimony to the dynamism and evolution of the language and education field, as it confronts the ever -burgeoning and irrepressible linguistic diversity and ongoing pressures and expectations placed on education around the world. This interdisciplinary and internationalizing impetus has been immeasurably enhanced by the advice and support of the editorial advisory board members, several of whom served as volume editors in the Encyclopedia’s first edition (designated here with*), and Important Detail 1: all of whom I acknowledge here with gratitude: Neville Alexander (South Africa), Colin Interdisciplinary and Baker (Wales), Marilda Cavalcanti (Brazil), Caroline Clapham* (Britain), Bronwyn internationalizing Davies* (Australia), Viv Edwards* (Britain), Frederick Erickson (USA), Joseph Lo impetus of Bianco (Australia), Luis Enrique Lopez (Bolivia and Peru), Allan Luke (Singapore and encyclopedia Australia), Tove Skutnabb-Kangas (Denmark), Bernard Spolsky (Israel), G. Richard Tucker* (USA), Leo van Lier* (USA), Terrence G. Wiley (USA), Ruth Wodak* (Austria), and Ana Celia Zentella (USA). In conceptualizing an encyclopedic approach to a field, there is always the challenge Important Detail 2 of the hierarchical structure of themes, topics, and subjects to be covered. In this the challenge of the Encyclopedia of Language and Education, the stated topics in each volume’s table of hierarchical structure contents are complemented by several cross-cutting thematic strands recurring across of themes, topics, and the volumes, including the classroom/pedagogic side of language and education; subjects to be issues of identity in language and education; language ideology and education; covered. computer technology and language education; and language rights in relation to education. (General identification: where, who, when, and what)
