ee a
u
udris
Tasesfad
u
D acu i a
ama deg umqim ama yimyagen :
10
Amwan u
amwan tekksed-d awalen ilan imesli ussid.
11
12
wiara
u a?
13
14
15
16
iudem udris-a ? Yusef d wid n u wacu i t-yesteqesay u
umkan-is
17
18
adiwenni-a :
(deg uswir amezwaru)
19
yihricen:
20
Kkes-d seg udris sin nawalen yezdi ujerrid
21
yewwin akkin
udris-a .
22
23
i as-nnan
umden n udiwenni.
24
Ha-t-an siwa
Irmad n umsidef Ala$mu 1 Ger awalen-a deg tefyar timattarin : Taddart, azrib, zde$, ççar, xtir, a$ Ala$mu 2 Γer avris ris tessuf tessuf$$ev-d seg-s awalen d-yemmalen tagrest, syin err-iten di tefyar s$ur-k $ur-k (m). Γas akka asemmiv la igezzem, asigna am wakken yufrar cwiî. Aneznaz-nni i d-yesmiqqiyen ad as-tiniv iôuê yewwi. Cwiî n tafukt la d-tettali. Ass qrib ad izeggen. Tulawin, timéurin, ad as-tiniv d astewtew kan i εellfent. Ulac tin yerran iles-is ger tu$mas. Ameslay-nsent yemlal, yeffe$-d amzun d ashuru n wavu di tselnin. Σmer MEZDAD, seg Iv d wass Sb 86.
Ala$mu 3 Efk-d isestanen i iwulmen tifyar-a : - Muêend yezde$ di tmane$t. - Inisi yugar uccen di têerci. - Di Bumerdas i twet znezla. - Ass-a i d-yusa baba-s si Fransa. - Aîas n yinelmaden i d-yewwin akayad-nsen. - Win yettnadin yettaf. Ala$mu 4 Af-d iêricen n yemyagen-a : tettxemmimev, yeb$a, testeqsa
25
idrimen.
aql-i da:
26
timecredt
nekk i wum i
Faffa, sb 80.
timecredt, . timecredt. .
27
izgaren
28
29
Sumam,
30
timecredt
31
as:
Mmi-s n Yigellil.
Ayen i d-yemmalen akud deg wedris-a
32
Mi
-newwi;
33
34
Ulamar
35
yiwen n yfri
anect
36
38
arusrid n
39
40
Kkes-d isùmawenii Yella umgired ger tira d ususru ne
41
e
udrid
42
43
yimdanen
yiemsewwqen.
44
45
46
S wul i kem
47
48
Imqimen iwsilen n umyag .
Adfel ddu-as, lehwa ddari-as.
umqim uydi yiclem.
umkan unnar.
umyag umyag i anta wuni iwuni umyag
49
yimyagen
umyag
50
awsil iwatan deg umkan umkann yisem :
umqim
51
awsil
alama
52
n yimazi en
n wacu ? N
53
u
awsil
umyag
ultma-s
54
55
Awi-d 5 n
awsil
umkan
56
57
58
uknaw-is :
59
60
61
62
63
- S wacu i yebda umeskar
imsegzi ur
64
Ayen id a-s
65
66
Irmad n umsidef Ala$mu 1 Af-d anamek yesεa wawal axxam di yal tafyirt Akken kan yewwev snat tmerwin n yiseggasen, gan-as axxam yimawlan-is. Yesserzef axxam-is $er yivulan-is. Yebna axxam s uéru. Ala$mu 2 ur-s sin n yinumak, af-iten-id temlev-ten-id s snat n Awal « urar » $$ur-s tefyar. Ala$mu 3 ê). Γer avris yennayer tekksev-d -d deg-s awalen yemmalen tumert (lfer (lferê Semres sin deg-sen di tefyar-inek (inem). Ala$mu 4 Smed tafelwit am umedya amezwaru tefkev-d tamawt Amalay asuf
Unti asuf
Amalay asget
Unti asget
Ajeooig
tajeooigt
Ijeooigen
Tijeooigin Tixxamin
tafunast Udi Ulli tamemt Aman Avu Ulman
84 67
68
69
2 3 4 5 6
70
Amawal : Ala$mu 1 a- Af-d awalen yezdin aéar akked yisem timeddukkal. b- Smed tifyar-a s wawalen i d-tufiv : - Yuba d Mayas akken i ……….s a$erbaz. - Favma n Sumer……….tab$est d thuski. - S ……… i nezmer ad neré kra yellan d azaglu. Ala$mu 2 Qqen yal tafyirt $$er er unamek-is : - Qqen allen - Qqen lêenni - Qqen izimer - Qqen tacacit
els arez, cidd se$mu mdel
Ala$mu 3 Af-d tiririt iwulmen Favma n Sumer tettbeddad aîas $er yiman-is. Meêsub : a - tezga tettbeddad, ur têemmel ara ad teqqim. b - tettakk azal ameqqran i ccbaêa-s. Ala$mu 4 Err yal awal di tekwat iwulmen : Taweîzit, tayet, iff, irgel, udem, idmaren, acebbub, tigeltemt, abeôdi, ammas, ameééu$, ajgu n uεrur, afus, tamart, tidikelt, afud, ti$mert, agerz, taleîîaî, tameccact, timmi, imi, adrar n ufud, i$il, anyir, iccer, cfeô, tifednin, anzaren, tiwjatin, tagecrirt, avad, icenfiren, taglult, aεrur (azagur), amayeg (lêenk), tiî, ammas, timiî, tasmert, aεebbuv, ta$ma (tamessavt), tu$mas, amemmu, amgerv, tiyersi. Aqerru
Agiger
71
88
Afus, avar
72
Taseftit Amyag n t$ara Imedyaten - Favma n Sumer tekker-d d tareqqaqt tareqqaqt. - Tikli-s d tafessast. - Udem-is d amellal. - Tiwjatin-is d timizwi$$in. - Têemmel ad tels iselsa izegga izegga$$en. Isestanen - Acu-ten wawalen yersen $ef ujerriv ? - Semres imyagen deg wadeg n yirbiben. Amedya : Favma n Sumer tekker-d rqiqet. Ala$mu 1
er yizri akked wudmawen n tseftit.Serwes gar-asen. Sefti imyagen-agi $$er Ibrik
Ddu
Ala$mu 2 Kkes-d imyagen n t$ara $ara seg yirbiben-a: Awezzlan, acebêan, ameqqran, awra$, asemmam. Ala$mu 3 Af-d anwa i d amyag n t$ara, $ara, anwa i d amyag amagnu : Yemleê, yeddem, réag, yedda, ééay, yelmed, yecmet, yezyen Cfu Deg unamek, amyag n t$ara am urbib. Yemmal amek iga kra (amdan, a$ersiw, ta$awsa…). Taseftit-is temgarad $ef tin n umyag amagnu deg usemres n yimataren udmawanen. Kra n yimyagen, $as mmalen ta$ara, taseftit-nsen am tin n umyag amagnu, md: icbiê, icmit, imliê…Llant temnavin ideg taseftit n umyag n t$ara ur temgarad ara $ef tin n umyag amagnu. 73 90
Tirawalt ww → [bbw], ww → [ggw]. Imedyaten - Asmi tewwev Favma n Sumer mraw d sdis n yiseggasen, tibeddi- ines d talemmast. - Deg unnar n umennu$, Favma n Sumer tekkat ur trewwel. Isestanen Γer imedyaten-agi tiniv-d acu n umgarad yellan ger tira d t$uri Ala$mu 1 Err imyagen n tefyar-a $$er er yizri : - Ad yawi tirget deg yiferr-is, ad yernu i$eblan d aεwin. - Ad yawev $er yiswi-s xas $ezzif ubrid Ala$mu 2 Tazabut - Mi yeffe$ useggas yewwev, yusa-d ujdid s wavu - Xas ivul anda ara nruê, awwav yiwwas ad nawev. - Mi ara k-êwioen ad ak-anfen, kksen-k mi ara tt-id-tessewwev Cfu Mi ara tili tussda $ef « w » yettu$al d « bbw » ne$ d « ggw » deg ususru, maca di tira ad naru « ww » am wakken yella deg uéar : [bbw] → ww, [ggw] → ww
74
91
75
Iferdisen n uglam Iêricen n tfekka Irbiben
Imyagen
Tibeddi Tuyat Aksum Acebbub Tammiwin Tamart Ta$ect
Cfu Akken ad d-neg asuna$ n tfekka n umdan ; di tazwara, tewwi-d ad d-nini anwa-t/ anta-tt (ama deg uzwel ama deg uvris), syin $ur-s, ad dneglem tibeddi-s,udem-is, allen-is, acebbub-is… Deg yivrisen am wigi nettaf aîas n yirbiben isemkagen akked yimyagen n t$ara.
76
93
77
78
Irmad n umsidef Ala$mu 1 Yal yiwet di tenfalyin-a $$ur-s ur-s sin n yinumak, af-iten-id. Γezzif yiles-is. Bu-uεebbuv. Γezzif ufus-is. Icerreg yimi-s. Bu-uqerru. Ala$mu 2 Ger yirbiben-a, ini-d anwa i d-ikkan seg umyag, anwa i d-ikkan seg yisem ternuv tafev-d imyagen ne$$ ismawen seg i d-kkan Aêcayci, adal, aqahwi, aberkan, amessas, axuxi, awessar, azegga$. $. Ala$mu 3 Suffe$-d, $-d, seg yismawen-a, imyagen tsil$e $ev-d seg-sen irbiben ternuv tefkev-d tamawt. Tezwe$ Temlel Teméi Telwe$ Teréeg Tiéedt Tesmem Tesmev Terqeq Tehri Te$zi Tebrek Taéeyt
79 96
Ala$mu 4 Bu-leênak, bu-yi$esmaren, afermac, afervas, bu-yicel$umen, d cebbirdu, d ifeîîiwej, allen iîîurcen, annect n uzduz, yettecrurud, yetteêrurud, yettmurud, yekna lqedd-is, d aberdedduc, $lin-as wuglan, d adaεmamac, bu-teεrurt, yesεukkuz, icab, yettergigi 1- Ger wawalen d tenfalyin-a, semgired ger wid iwatan i usuna$ $ n ugrud akked wid iwatan i usuna$ $ n um$ar. $ar. 2- Semres kra deg-sen akken ad d-taruv sin yisuna$ $ imeéyanen éyanen yemgaraden. Ala$mu 5 Af-d tal$a $a taêerfit n yimyagen yersen $ $ef ef ujerriv Ireggwel $ef wid yessen. → Yebbwev v-d $ef 12 :00 s axxam. → Yebbwa u$rum $ef tmes. → Zeggwa$ Zeggwa $ wudem-is. → Leggwa$ Leggwa $-it ifassen-is. → Ala$mu 6 Muqel tugna-agi tgev-as-id asuna$ yessulfen i umdan-agi.
97 80
81
Amawal Ala$mu 1 a/ Af-d anamek n wawalen-a : gemmren-d : igran : b/ Aru-d tifyar ideg ara tesmersev awalen-agi. Ala$mu 2 Af-d seg uvris aknaw i yal awal : rkem = ta$enjawt = taccuyt = Ala$mu 3 Err yal awal deg yilem iwatan : selli$, $.. $, rekkme$ - ………… seg urfan, ugare$ aman $ef tmes. - ………… lbaîaîa deg waman. Ala$mu 4 Qqen yal awal $ $er er tbadut-is Aqwir Iger Asuki Ta$zut
D akal ur nekriz, ur nenqic. D akal n luva i d-yezgan $er tama n waman. D akal tama n uxxam, tteééun medden deg-s lebsel, ticcert… D akal ameqqran ikerzen d imenda.
Ala$mu 5 Err yal awal di tekwat iwatan : Irden, ççina, ibawen, tansawt, tasulla, tayni, tiffaf, ikiker, tifirest, timéin, ini$man, lbanan, acnaf. Igumma
Imenda
Im$an
-
-
99 82
Taseftit Anav Imedyaten - Rret $er lexla tgemrem-d im$an. - Serset taccuyt $ef tmes ternum-as tisent. - Err-as ta$enjawt n zzit n uzemmur. Isestanen - Kkes-d imyagen yellan di tefyar-a. - D acu i d-ssenfalayen yimyagen-a. - Anwi udmawen wu$ur ftin ? - Efk-d tal$a taêerfit n yimyagen. - Γef wacu i tzemrem ad tegrem tamawt ? Ala$mu 1 er wanav di tefyar-a Af-d imyagen yeftin $ $er - A mmi ruê henni iman-ik, ddu d ubrid n lehna. - Bedd ad twaliv, ruê ad d-tawiv, qqim ulac. - Sfev imeîîawen-ik, kker ad d-terrev ttaô. Ala$mu 2 er wanav. Err imyagen yellan ger tacciwin $ $er - (Trebêev), medden akk inek ; (te$liv), yiwen ur k-issin. - Tameddurt, am uxxam bu-snat n tewwura : (ad tekkev ) sya, (ad teff $ev) sya. teff$ - (Ad ta$ev) abrid-ik, ad iyi-(tanfev) ad a$e$ abrid-iw. Ala$mu 3 er wanav tekksev-d imataren udmawanen. Sefti amyag mdel $ $er Asefti n umyag
Amatar udmawan
Cfu Anav yessenfalay-d asendeh, tattirt... Amyag deg wanav, ifetti $er sin wudmawen : wis sin n wasuf akked wis sin n usget (amalay+ unti). 100 83
Tajerrumt Isem : addad Imedyaten - Rret-as ta$enjawt n zzit n uzemmur. - Rwit-d aseggul n uwren deg waman. - Gemmren-d im$an seg yigran d yiqwiren d lexlawi. - Smiret-t $er teccuyt. Isestanen - Suffe$-d ismawen yellan deg yimedyaten - Acu twalav deg yismawen-agi : uzemmur, waman, yigran, teccuyt, zzit, lexla ? Ala$mu 1 Smutti tifyar-agi am umedya-agi : - Argaz yeffe$ → yeffe$ urgaz - Agazu yewwa → …………/ - Tislit tezyen → …………… - Asif yeêmel → ……………/ - Irrij yexsi → ……………… - Tala teççur → ……………. / - Seksu yelha → ……………… Ala$mu 2 er waddad iwatan : Err isem yellan ger tacciwin $ $er - Yessuffe$-d (amaru) (adlis). - Oouogen (im$an) di (tafsut). - Ïîef-as afus i (ader$al). - Zzin-d (iεeggalen) n (tawacult) i (imensi). - Dduklen (iselmaden) d (inelmaden). Ala$mu 3 Kkes-d ismawen seg uvris tbeddlev-asen addad. Cfu Isem $ur-s sin waddaden : ilelli d umaruz. Yettale$ umaruz : s ubeddel ne$ s u$elluy n te$ri tamezwarut a → u (we) (md : afus → ufus, argaz → urgaz, tameîîut → tmeîîut) . Yettale$ da$en s tmerna rna n w ne$ y (md : asif sif → wasif, izem → yizem), maca llant kra n tsuraf (md : tala, tizi, fad, laé, zzit, lexla… 101 84
Tirawalt Tamsertit : n + w, n + t, n + y Imedyaten - Rret-as ta$enjawt n zzit n uzemmur akked ufenoal n waman. - Rnut-as azgen n teflewt n tisent. - Ttnawalen medden abazin s yim$an n yigran. Isestanen - Suffe$-d seg uvris ismawen i d-ivefren tanze$t n. - Serwes ger ususru d tira tiniv-d acu i twalav ? Ala$mu 1 Se$ti $ti igulen yellan di tefyar-a - Ur kem-nettaooa te$liv a takemmict bbwakal. - A taêeccadt bbwebrid εiwen-iyi deg yimeîîi. - Ye$li yiminig ggiv, terreé ti$ri n talwit. - Ta$zut d akal i d-izgan tama gge$zer. - Izerfan ttmeîîut am wid bbwergaz. - Amwan d tallit bbwelqav uzemmur. Ala$mu 2 Err tanze$t ‘n’ sdat yisem yellan ger tacciwin taruv-t akken iwata - Tagini d ti$ri (agdud) yennan anda-t umur-iw. - Deg usemmiv (tagrest), tergagi ta$ma (ilef). - Muqle$ tamurt (Amazi$), Yugurten wala$ udem-ik. Ala$mu 3 tazabut ( aselmad ad d-izubet s temsertit). - Tizizwit tader$alt d urar n warrac. - Zik-nni, tajmaεt d ayla n yirgazen, ma d tala d ayla n tlawin. - Ixuûû-as limer yeéwer, tardast ne$ imi n wuccen. Cfu Mi ara temlil tenze$t n akked yisem, tettili-d temsertit deg ususru, maca ulac-itt di tira : n + y → [gg], n + w → [bbw] ne$ [bb], n + t → [tt], n + f → [ff], n + r → [rr]… 102 85
Avris Tukksa n ukermus Akermus d agummu ittewwan deg unebdu.Tekksen-t-id medden tanzit, ass ideg ulac avu akken ur d-ttafgen $ef-sen yisennanen. Ha-t-a wamek ara t-idtekksem : Ddmet-d a$anim a$ezzfan, ldit-t deg yiwen yixef $ef ukkuéet n tfurkac. Rret taxnact ger tfurkac-agi i wakken ad ldint almend n tuzert n tkermust. Gret takermust deg yimi n uqerrac tbernem-tt i wakken ad d-tekkes. Mi d-tekksem takermust, serset-tt $er lqaεa ta $er tama n ta. Mi tfukkem tukksa, îîfet a$ectu ne$ taseîîa n tidekt ne$ tin n umagraman tsef tsefv vem yis-s tikermusin-nni akken ad asent-$lin yisennanen. Ngum ad tesqecrem takermust, muqlet ma ur d-ggrin ara deg-s yisennanen teîîfem-tt s sin yivudan, syin gezmet-as sin yixfawen-is s tjenwit imesden, rnut cellêet-tt di tlemmast, kkset-as iclem teççem-tt.
Asegzi n wawalen Agummu : lfakya Tanzit : tasebêit Ta$uri s tsusmi D acu i d akermus ? Melmi yettewwa ? Ay$er yewεer i tukksa ? Ayen ferrnen medden tanzit i tukksa-s ? Tal$a n yinaw - S wacu yebda umeskar avris-a ? - Sikked tifyar d yimyagen n tseddart tamezwarut tiniv-d amek i asenneqqar i yivrisen immugen akka ? - Serwes imyagen n tseddart tamezwarut d wid n tseddart tis snat tiniv-d deg wacu i mgaraden. 86 103
- Kkes-d imyagen n tseddart tis snat terrev yal yiwen di tekwat iwatan. Anav
Urmir aêerfi Urmir aêerfi s ad
Izri
- Kkes-d tifyar ideg yella wurmir aêerfi . - Anwa adeg i yettaîîaf wurmir-a di tefyar : d amyag amezwaru ne$ d wis sin ? - D acu i d-ssenfalayen yimyagen yeftin $er wurmir aêerfi di tefyar am tigi ? - D acu i d-ssenfalayent tuget n tefyar n uvris-a ? ay$er ?
Cfu Avris amanav d avris swayes ira umeskar ad issendeh win ara t-i$ren. Akken ad yili uvris d amanav, tewwi-d ad nessemres tifyar ideg amur ameqqran n yimyagen ad d-ssenfaliyen asendeh ( tuget n yimyagen $er wanav, zemren da$en ad ilin kra ftin $er wurmir aêerfi war ‘ad’, anamek-nsen am wanav ma yella amyag amezwaru n tefyirt ideg llan yefti $er wanav). Ivrisen am wigi ttusemrasen mi ara yili ira win yettarun ad d-yefk tasesfart n tenwalt, ne$ iwellihen i usexdem n kra, ne$ i usegded.
87
104
88
alama
+ awren
89
ilel
90
91
$er uzeîîa, tenna-as i tmeîîut-nni : « Aé akkin ad zve$ yid-m ». Teεna tzeîî, tzeîî ; ma d tameîîut-nni teqqar-as deg wul-is : «A tiyita deg-i yersen, ad a$teçç am nekk am warraw-iw ». Zvant ant akken armi sellken wulman. Ff$ Ff ent-d seg uzeîîa, qqiment $er lkanun. Tameîîut teddem tifeccet tger-itt $er tmes. Teqqim cwiî terra iman-is yeçça-tt uqerruy-is, teddem-d asafu, teîîef-it di tlemmast, tekmez aqerruy-is s yixef-nni deg ur tu$ ara tmes. Tteryel tra ad tt-tεaned, teddem-d asafu maca nettat tekmez aqerruy-is s yixef-nni iceεlen. Tekker tmes deg ucebbub-is. Teffe$ s tazzla, tevfer-itt terkeft n yivan. Avu irna-as i tmes armi teîîef akk di tfekka-s. Tteryel tu$al d asafu.Tettazzal, tettiééif : « A Σica a yelli anda ara ssense$ times ! ». Tettazzal, tettazzal armi d-temlal yiwet n temda, maca yu$ lãêal tu$al d tirget. Tameîîut tebra-as tergagayt, terra tackandut i tewwurt, tger iman-is $er wussu, tgen tama n warraw-is. Ïawes ΣEMRUC, seg « Le grain magique », d tasuqqilt. Asegzi n wawalen Inilban : d atmaten yemyagaren s yiwen n useggas Ta$uri s tsusmi 1 - Amek tettidir taooalt ? 2 - Wi i d-yerzan $ur-s ? Melmi ? Acu$er ? Ta$uri s utram 1 2 3 4 5
- Taooalt teεteb aîas, acu i d-yemmalen ayagi deg uvris ? - Ayen deg utemmu i tezde$ taooalt ? - Anta tafyirt i d-yemmalen teqseê n tegrest ? - Acu n txidest i d-tufa taooalt akken ad tsellek iman-is ? - Acu twalav di sin yiwudam : tteryel akked taooalt ?
109 92
Amawal Ala$mu 1 - Segzi-d awal :taooalt. Semres-it di tefyirt. Ala$mu 2 Err aknaw deg wadeg n wawalen yellan nnig ujerriv : - Anda ara sense$$ times. - Tgen tama n warraw-is. - Tevfer-itt terkeft n yi yiv van. - Tzeîî armi izeggen yiv. - Ivarren-is ssertamen ti$$er$$ert. Ala$mu 3 Af-d awalen yezdin aéar akked umyag « zde$$ » Ala$mu 4 Af-d seg uvris inemgalen n yimyagen yettuderren : - Tawwurt yellan temdel. - Tekcem-d tteryel. Ala$mu 5 Af-d seg uvris awal iwatan i yal tabadut : - D as$ar $ezzifen cwiî, yiwen yixef-is iga am tcekkumt, ttarran-t i tewwurt si daxel. - Yebna s uéru d wakal, ssqef-is d imdewwer yettwaxdam s udellas. Ttarran deg-s alim d usa$ur. - D as$ar yegren di lkanun, tu$ deg-s tmes. Ala$mu 6 Err ticrevt « + » ne$$ « - » Zeîîen-t medden
Ttlusun-t Ddalen yis-s Aîas n yiniten
Abernus Aεlaw 93 110
D amellal
Tajerrumt Tinza$ Imedyaten - Taooalt d warraw-is zed$en deg utemmu. $ent-d seg uzeîîa. - Ff Ff$ - Teddem-d tifeccet tger-itt $er tmes. - Tekmez aqerru-is s yixef-nni iceεlen. - Terra tackandut i tewwurt. - Asemmiv issergagay ta$ma n yilef di teégi. Isestanen ef ujerriv ma nekkes-iten-id Zemren ad sεun anamek wawalen yersen $ $ef si tefyar ne$ ala ? D acu-tt twuri n wawalen-agi ? Acu n waddad ideg llan yismawen i ten-id-ivefren ? Ala$mu 1 Suffe$-d $-d tinza$ seg tefyar i d-iteddun. - Deg wass, txeddem $er medden ; deg yiv, txeddem i yiman-is. - Yettwet yizem s truka. - Tettakk ti$ilt i talat. - Sani tettedduv ay avar ? s aéar. - Ddaw ubrid, nnig ubrid, leqrar-is d abrid. - Yedda d yimeddukkal-is $er ssuq. - Yettêebbir i warraw-is, ixeddem fell-asen. Ala$mu 2 Err tanze$t $t iwatan i yal tafyirt. Yebna axxam …… uéru. Abrid-agi yettawi ….. teégi. Tella temlilit n ddabex ….. unnar …. Tizi-Uzzu. Ala$mu 3 er, n, ger. Eg-d tifyar ideg ara tesmersev tinza$-agi $-agi : si/seg, di/deg, $ $er,
u Cfu Cf Tanze$t d awal armeskil (ur tettbeddil ara tal$a-s). Tinza$ teqqnent asemmad $er umyag, maca tanze$t « n » tetteqqen isem $er yisem nniven. Isem i d-iveffren tanze$t yettili d amaruz, slid mi ara yevfer yisem yiwet si ger snat n tenza$-agi : ar, s. Imedyaten : ruê ar azekka / yessawel-as s axxam. Kra n tenza$ : n, di/deg, si/seg, $er, $ef, fell, ddaw, nnig, s, ar, i … 111 94
95
Tirawalt « d » n tnila Imedyaten : Taooalt tettagem-d, tzeddem-d i medden. Ttakken-as-d zzit, tazart, igumma. Aé akkin ad kem-id-εiwne$. Tteryel tettazzal armi i d-temlal tamda. Isestanen - Suffe$-d imyagen yellan deg uvris - Muqel imyagen (tettagem-d, tzeddem-d). Acu ara ibeddlen ma nekkes-asen «d»? - Acu i d-teskan « d » deg yimyagen-agi ? - Acu$er i tt-nettaru weêd-s ? Anda tettili ? Ala$mu 1 Err ajerriv ddaw tzel$a $a n tnila : - Yusa-d d gma-s. - Argaz d mmi-s u$alen-d si l$erba. - D tameddit mi d-yekcem. - Ansi i d-tekkiv ay agu ? Ala$mu 2 Se$ti $ti tira : - Ased zik - Yeddmed imru ad yaru - Yennad awal-is deg ugraw - Yesla-asd i te$ri - Ad k-tenid-azne$ Ala$mu 3 tazabut yusa-d am wid i t-id-izwaren, wid i d-ineoren abrid deg waman. Asmi u$alen $er tmurt, uznen-d tarwa-nsen. Cfuu Cf « d » n tnila d tazel$a i yettarran tigawt $er win yettmeslayen. Tettili sdat ne$ deffir umyag. Tetteqqen $er-s s ujerriv n tuqqna. 96 113
yis
ujma
97
98
Asefru Uccen d yizimer Bu-yi$il $ur-s azref :
- D keçç i ten-id-islu$en ;
Tura ad awen-id-ini$ ay$ef . Izimer yekna $er terga Ad isew aman zeddigen.
Da$ tekkatev deg-i ilindi. - Amek i wwte$ deg-k ilindi Nekk ur d-lule$ ara mavi ?
Yas-d wuccen bu-têila, Iéerman-is d ilmawen. Izimer tama n wadda,
- Ma maççi d keççini, D yiwen deg watmaten-ik. - Ula d yiwen gma ur illi.
Netta yekka-d iwsawen. - Ihi d yiwen n udrum-ik ; Inna-as wuccen s wurfan : Wissen ayen i tt-teddam fell-i, « Amek iyi-id-teslu$ev aman ? Kunwi, imeksawen, iqjan. Cfu-k-id tura ad txellsev . - Ur ilaq ara ad terfuv ; Ay agellid xas wali ; D fad kan i d iyi-irêan, Amek ara k-id-slu$e$ aman ! Keçç aql-ak-id nnig-i ?
Ttaô ass-agi ad d-yili, Nekk akka i yi-rebban . » Yezzu$er-it armi d tiégi, Dinna ibren-as tiyersi, Ula d inigi ur illi. J. de La Fontaine ; d tasuqilt
Ammud n usefru Asmekti n yiferdisen n usefru : afir, taseddart, tame$rut, anya… Isestanen 1- Amek yebda umeskar avris-agi ? Amek i t-ifukk ? 2- D acu-tt ihi tewsit n uvris-agi ? 3- Acu i d-temmal tefyirt :iéerman-is d ilmawen ? 4- Acu n tmentilt i as-id-yufa akken ad t-yeçç ? 5- Bu-yi$il $ur-s azref : acu n tefyar i t-id-yemmalen ? 6- Acu ira umeskar ad a$ t-id-yesken s tefyar :uccen deg usawen , izimer deg wadda ? 7- Muqlet tiririyin n yizimer. Amek-itent ? 116 99
n warra-is.
100
Irmad n umsidef Ala$mu 1 Suffe$-d $-d seg uvris awalen ilan assa$ akked « lkanun » Af-d anwa amyag seg d-iffe$$ yisem « aser$$uu »ternuv tefkev-d tabadut-is. Af-d seg uvris awal iwatan i tbadut-a : - D tagnit tamezwarut n wass, mi tbeddu tettban-d tafat. - Awal « asafu » izdi aéar akked yisem «tafat» ne$ akked umyag «af». Ala$mu 2
er tal$ a tibawt. Err tifyar-agi $ $er $a Taooalt tettagem-d, tzeddem-d, trennu-d akanîu n tuga. Deg umwan, tleqqev azemmur ma deg unebdu tlewwi ini$man, tmegger asa$ur. Ala$mu 3 Err asigez iwatan i tefyar-a, terrev yal yiwet deg-sent di tekwat i d asiwulmen. Taseεdit akked Jeooiga d tinaragin, ttmeslayent. Taseεdit : melmi akken ara nesεeddi akayad n tmazi$t/ Jeooiga : ass n ssebt $ef 10 :00/ Taseεdit : as-d tameddit-a s axxam ad nesniles akken / Jeooiga : ay weεren yikayaden i a$-id-yettakk/ Tamattart
tamse$rut
abhat
tamanavt
Ala$mu 4
$ i yemma-k, ad ak-id-teêku tamacahut, aru-tt-id. Ini-as i setti-k ne$ Suffe$-d tignatin n tmacahut temlev-a$-id anda tekfa d wanda tebda yal yiwet.
118 101
102
103
104
ITORU ATA IVQV
CVLAGV
AOCAB
AIBCG
ARQHU
TWTS R CLAGU
A, B, C
3
UIQATR R OUACR
CIC:GCUR
I, H, E
5
UQUGR R ASAP
CIT R MAC
F, D, G
7
UF:RU
FL NGBUJ
Y, K, O
9
A TAP MTP CQTFGV
A LP RURUCR
P, Q, R
A OCAB R CVGTC
C S é PC
é, U, M
13
ATAP M:P QAFR
CAMIUC
N, J, U
15
T XGVS R ACRANVIC
AUPAP
L, W, X
11
17
UIQATR R QRIUTR AQXAGT
L, Z, V
19
AXGT R BGNA
AQIA OTP
V, U, T
21
CGA R CLAGV
ARSU I CTMAC
IVQLAG R QTIRC
AQTF R PQTF
CGA R OAP
AFHAUAG AOAPUR
25
AP Q:F R CQTIRV
URSUCR
26
APQTF R CXQOV
CUMURAL
27
105
23 24
TWTS R CLAGV
- AOUFC CéXRA CAL - ARC ATA FI SRUQ
VFéRU - QA CéPVF ? - APEVG LAI - QA UQéI UIQ RQ ? - UIQUR FAIUR - QA FéWAR éCUARQ ? - QGAT AF AIUR - QRU AF CHA LF ? - AHALL IéGT
106
A
A QUI
B
ALARUB
- APéW, ARAP QAF - ABAUéL, ABAGN - CARALGUC, CAIACTGC 2, AF APQFL AOCAB A B C AQAR ABA CRAP QAFC
107
C
CMTO
CICéGCUR
- AOUFC CéXRA CAL - ARC ATA FI SRUQ AI RXS CRLGUC, UXSF AIAPQAF éAR CQASN, AOILF CICTGCUR, CASUHRSA ABASUR CURAVC, AIRINC MéP CAWUFA, URARL AOCBC UIQATR, ROAUACR, éUF VRATV CéMAC, ROCBCR FL COAGUV RVéUCC UABACR RARL, - QA CéPA CICéGC RO ? - QA VLAR CICTGC RO ? - QU SAOCC UHRSR ?
108
I
AMéI
H
CHAUC
- ABIL, AQUI - AQHAL, COQHTC - AE, AET I H E CARAIC CAHARéC CAEUAQC 109
E
AETGSAP
CITRMAC
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F
AFAMTG
D
APDABVGA
- AQUFU, ATAFQ - APDRC, DARC - CGA TC, CAQLAGC
D G AQFL APDRC AGTGU 111
G
AXAGT
FL ANGBUJ
- AOUFC CTXRA CAL - ARC ATA FI SRUQA SAO ASAP ROGL, MTP AIALC CAR IQTIC, AHAG ATCL APTAPA, ATQAFL, ALGL CVLAGVRVR, AI CVéK AIA LC CAR IKUIC AF AOL ANGBUJ, LAG AIALC, AF ANPL CLASAQC AIéL ACAUR, KAGCATVR AF AKOPL CICTGCUR AOL ALGBAH, - QRU APAR RAPQAFR ? - QA MéP AF URAOG ARAPQAF ? - QA CQTI CXUQXUQC RVC ? 112
Y
AYGM - APQY, - AQVK, - AOTI,
K
CVKVBC AYéQ CAQAK CAOGBAIC
K O AYTO UQVKATR CTOIV 113
O
AJO
ASP RURUCR
- AOUFC CTXRA CAL - ARC ATA FI SRUQ UFéRU - VGITU RO ASTGU - CRAQVGC CXVC - QU SAO VHRSR ? - UHRSASUC UF ABASUR - QA FTWFA ACTX RVC ? - ACTXRVC QGAT XUQAR - QRU SAOUF UHRSA ? - UHRSASUCUF FS AITO - QA UPI ARAPQAF ? - QU SAI CUF UHRSR ? - QRU SAI CUF UHRSA ? 114
P
APQéIU
Q
AQFL
- CPTQC AQPAP - AQATAP AQASAP - CQARAIC CQARAPC
Q R CPTQC éQAPU AQAR 115
R
ART
CSéPC
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116
T
AOTI
U
AUG
- ATAFQ, CAGTC - AUT, AUAU - MAF, AMTF T U M ATFU AQUAP CAUMC
117
M
AMTI
CAIIUC
- AOUFC CTXRA CAL - ARC ATA FI SRUQ CABIUC CNAP SGC FL QAFR R QéSAL, TU ASéIURUR SéPAR, AI FF CTIA CPUC CAR AMGUP AF R YAYQU UIPIA, TUR BHAR RHRL UPJAR, RIBPAP UQRAI RARL, AI UTU ASP TAR CSTIAU, AF UX SAO ATAFQ ATA FTBC, MéP AF UGRT FL CQPLA AF CQLRARVR, TA UTMR FL ASP TVRFL APSORVC CVLPAP, 1 UIICARAR - QA CNAP CAIIUC ? - QA CQTI CIQSéUC CAR CBIUC ? - QA UQTI APSO RVGV TA VTMR ? 118
N
CPAN
J
AJO
- CQALN, CAPANU - CJAUSAC,CAJOAC - OAUA, AQUFU 3 AF APQFL AOCAB N J U CQNAGC AJO UQAR
119
U
AQAUAI
AUPAP
- AOUFC CTXRA CAL - ARC ATA FI SRUQ AUPAP SGC AUAR SV CURF FL UXAX, AI CKOP CMTO FL CRVGV, UTPAR FAQAR éGR UQTI AQAR, XARURC CRNAI, OPA AF CPA CQK AUAC, KARC VSAGVRVC, AF CRU AUPAP FL UXX, CRA «CAL CVKVBC RAQR VTAUL, éG CIITA TPA AQAPTX, BGJVL ASUIIT, RO F SAGVSUR» CGRLP ATA CVTU FL AQAR, CPOQ UAUPAP, ACC URLA MAF, - QRV AF CHAL CAQK ? - QA CRA CAQK ? - QA CC UXGTR AI CUSGAUC ? 120
L
ALGX
W
AQTWU
- VXVM, CXUQXUQC - AIWAI, APéW - VXAX, AMXAX L W X VLACVQR AQTWU VXAX
121
X
AXAGT
AQXAGT
- AOUFC CTXRA CAL - ARC ATA FI SRUQ ASP TAF UéIA AQUFUSUR DAQAP,TA UHLR NIRKVRA, CIROGA SU ARASUR I QLG, UA AF ATUL UILVR, éU IRIZ AQXAGT, AI AF ANPL USRAR, ALGIL U BXTX UFGVR, AHAG AIZL ATIA AF CXSéC, AI CFWAC RORAI CPBXAC, - QRV FUHAL DAQAP ? - QA UXQU AI CTMAC ? - QA SAI UIZA AI CUHAGC ? 122
S
VSAR
Z
AZA
- ASACUQ, CUSéIAU - AZA, UQIZAR - VPAQ, VLAM
Z V ASACUQ AZA VUFU
123
V
VSU
AQIAOTP
- AO UFC CTXRA CAL - ARC ATA FI SRUQ VFTRU - QA CTPVF ? - CQAUC U QIURL, - AFTBVL OU IICRL ? - SéPAR IICR FTA CGVF, - QRVO ABGNA TAR AIOGQ ? - ATU ABGNA TAL SAG VSLR, AIOGQ UPSAIUR, - CARAQVGC CXVC, - TPA ARKGR,
124
V
VQU
U
AQAUAI
- VPAQ, CVLAGV - AQUFU, ASACUQ - AMTI, AOTI
U T VQU CUSéIU CTMAC
125
T
CMéO
ATQCG
ARSU I CTMAC
AF CPQFF CVLAGV
IXQXQ SéIOC
AQG CVWAHV
ARAI ARFA TC
AF RO CVLAGV
AF RAPQF RUHAG
ROGS VSAGV
AHAP A SROK
éFVL CVSAPV
AQLAGUR UIQCG URASU CVLAGU EQHA 126
ASP RQéF R PQéF
ASP éAL RFUTC
AI SRLF CTIQ
ASP R QTF R PQéF ALéGRL UXR AQLAG R QTIRC
AFI UQéCR
UNP LéGRL
AQTF éG SUR CCéQ
APQFC IA APQéF
OTR UKOPAR
CATR CMTO
RAGATR RATR
AOM APNUQA
UCTQAIC TATR
AFCATR AFHAUAG
AOAP RATR EQHA
127
AFHAUAGK AOAPUR
CQKGUC RARL
AI CIOBPC RARL
CAIAFTPC RARL
AI APTPT RARL
ARQKAM RARL
AI AITSé RARL
AFHAUAG RARL
AI AOP RARL
AWRACR RARL
AI CUSéIU RARL
UQLAGR RARL
AI ARNVI RARL
AFHAUAG RARL
AI AOAP RARL
EQHA
128
VRSUC APOCABR I ABA QITIR 1, AI SAO UBA ABGNA, ANP URSU 2, UQéSAL APQAY, APOCABR RAIR 3, UCWAC ARAK, UPAQF ATRSK 4, USARU AQLAG ANUQR, ATG USU AGTA UBFAFR 5, AWP I VQVG TA éG CGVF, ASUR CATUF AI TA CGVF 6, AXQU CGRT R QUFR, AFIR CAPSF 7,
- QA UPAQ ? éI UIICUCR - QA F UCAOI ? éG VLAGS - QA UPAI ? éG UYQU - QA USARU ? éG UIWAK
129
ﺟﺪول اﻷﺑﺠﺪﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرن CUMURAL ﺗﺎراﺑﺖ
talatinit
STRF
A
أ
a
CQASN
ْ َﺗtamahak ﻤﺎﻫﻖ
B
ب
b
ABACTP
أ َﺑﺘﻮلabatol
C
ت
t
CUMURAL
ﺗﻴﻔﻴﻨﺎغtifinaW
D
ج
j
APDRC
اﻟﺠﻨّ ْﺖ َ aljannat
E
خ
x
AE
F
د
d
ATAFQ
G
ر
r
CAGTC
ْ َﺗtarut ﺎروت
H
ز
z
AQHAL
ْ أﻣﺰ ﱠamazzaW اغ
I
س
s
AITM
ْ asuf أﺳﻮف
J
ش
c
CJAUSAC
K
ط
î
CVK
L
غ
W
AQLAG
ﺎر ْ أ ْﻣ َﻐamWar
M
ف
f
AMTI
afus أﻓﻮس ْ
N
ق
q
CPAN
ْ َﺗtalaq ﻼق
O
ك
k
AOTCU
akotay أﻛﻮﺗﻲ ْ
P
ل
l
AQAPU
أ َﻣﺎﻟﻲamali
Q
م
m
AQAR
ْ أ َﻣamam ﺎن
R
ن
n
ART
أﻧﻮanu
S
ه
h
ASACUQ 130
ْ ax أخ أ َوا َد ْمawadem
ﺗﺸﺎﻫﻴﺎتtacayhat ِﺗ ْﻂteîe
َ ahatim أﻫﺎ ِﺗﻴ ْﻢ
T
و
w
ATCAU
ْ أ َو َﺗawatay ﺎي
U
ي
y
AQAUAI
ﺎس ْ أَ َﻣﺎ َﻳamayas
V
ا
e
VGU
W
گ
g
CAWAPC
X
چ
ĝ
AXUQ
أﭼﻴﻢaĝim
Y
ظ
ž
AYAG
ažar ازار ْ
ń
AZA
ş
A_ASC
Z _
ص
131
اِ ِريeri ْ taggalt ﺗﺎﮔﺎﻟﺖ
أﻧّﺎańńa َﺻ ﺎﻫ ْﺖ اَ ﱠaşşahat
