Sync System

10066-9-V01-G00Z-00224 001 A E0716 100 I90 DM 002 4

Mohamed El Safty 2010/12/02 , 11:44:51 AM

KHARAFI NATION SABIYA GENERAL INFORMATION

GE Energy Products - Europe

SYNCHRONIZATION SYNCHRONIZATION PRINCIPLE

SUMMARY

1. SUBJECT

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2. EQUIPMENT - INTERFACES

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2.1. GENERATOR CIRCUIT BREAKER (52G)

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2.2. LINE CIRCUIT BREAKER (52L)

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2.3. MEASURE CIRCUIT

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2.4. GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL

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2.5. GA GAS TURBINE CONTROL SYSTEM – SPEEDTRONIC

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2.6. OPERATOR OPERATOR INTERFAC INTERFACE E ( LOCAL HMI )

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3. SYSTEM OPERATION

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3.1. STEADY STATE OPERATION

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3.1.1. GT IN NORMAL OPERATION

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3.1.2. GT IN STAND-BY

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3.1.3. GT ISLANDED

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3.1.4. GT ON DEAD BUS OPERATION

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3.2. TRANSIENT OPERATIONS

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3.2.1. 52G SYNCHRONIZING

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3.2.2. 52L SYNCHRONIZING

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3.2.3. VOLTAGE RECOVERY – 52G DEADBUS CLOSURE

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3.2.4. 52G OPENING

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3.2.5. 52L OPENING

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4. CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTS LOOPS

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4.1. PRINCIPLE SCHEME

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5. LACKING OF CONTROL AND POWER

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5.1. POWER SUPPLY DIAGRAM

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5.2. TROUBLE DESCRIPTION

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APPENDIX 1

14 15 16

Reference : 172A7791

Rev. : A

Ce document, propriété exclusive de GE Energy Products France SNC est strictement confidentiel. Il ne peut être communiqué, copié ou reproduit sans notre autorisation écrite.

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This document, exclusive property of GE Energy Products France SNC is strictly confidential. It must not be communicated, copied or reproduced without our prior written consent.

KHARAFI NATION SABIYA GE Energy Products - Europe

GENERAL INFORMATION SYNCHRONIZATION PRINCIPLE

17 18 APPENDIX 2

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52G SYNCHRONIZING DIAGRAM

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52L SYNCHRONIZING DIAGRAM

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VOLTAGE RECOVERY DIAGRAM - 52G DEAD BUS CLOSING

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PRINCIPLE SCHEME

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SYNCHRONIZATION PRINCIPLE

STATE OF MODIFICATIONS

INDEX

DATE

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19/06/07


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DESCRIPTION First issue

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1. SUBJECT The purpose of the present document is the technical description of the different ways to synchronize the GT Unit with the Customer bus and to open the Gas Turbine Generator circuit breaker (52G). This document describes Generator circuit breaker synchronization and electrical interfaces between the different cubicles for this operation. BUS

The evacuation of the energy produced by the Gas Turbine on the network occurs mainly across the Generator circuit breaker 52G, situated between the generator and the main transformer. The closing of this circuit breaker is secured by the synchronizing function of the generator cubicle.

52L

Synchro.

The 52G and 52L synchronization can be controlled: manually or automatically from the local and remote server Gas Turbine Control operator interface

52G

GT Electrical diagram

The 52G closing on a dead bus is possible.

The aim of synchronization is to connect the Gas Turbine Generator voltage with the network voltage to feed the electrical power on the network. To realize this connection without equipment damage, the 2 alternating voltages must have the same phase sequence and frequency and the Gas Turbine Generator voltage must correspond to the existing line voltage.


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2. EQUIPMENT - INTERFACES 2.1. GENERATOR CIRCUIT BREAKER (52G) It realizes the power connection between the Generator and the GT transformer. In general a local command is powered by 125 VDC. Control cubicles interfaces concern circuit breaker closing / tripping commands and circuit breaker position : · Closing command is sent on 1 way from the synchronizer. Command voltage must be 125 VDC for the Speedtronic synchro-check. · Tripping command is sent on 2 ways from electrical protections, from reverse power when GT shuts down or from an operator’s order (by HMI server) · Circuit breaker position is used to valid closing order in the synchronizer system. 2.2. LINE CIRCUIT BREAKER (52L) It realizes the power connection between the GT transformer and the plant network. If the breaker is controlled by the GCP this system receives: 1 closing order, (Closing command is sent on 1 away by Speedtronic) Tripping command is sent on 2 ways from electrical protections and operator order. 2.3. MEASURE CIRCUIT This circuit consists of voltage transformers upstream and downstream of the circuit breaker. · 1 transformer measures the voltage upstream of the generator circuit breaker. The characteristics are Un 3/100 3. · 1 transformer measures the voltage downstream the generator circuit breaker. The characteristics are Un 3/100 3. · 1 transformer measures the voltage upstream the line circuit breaker. The characteristics are Un 3/100 3. · 1 transformer measures the voltage downstream the line circuit breaker. The characteristics are Un 3/100 3.

2.4. GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL This cubicle includes synchronizing facilities.

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52G/52L voltages management, ( Matching Transformer) Voltage relay for dead bus for all phases operation, 52G/52L control . ( Closing and Tripping Order –2 ways)


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2.5. GAS TURBINE CONTROL SYSTEM – SPEEDTRONIC All functions of automatic/manual synchronizing mode (voltage and frequency regulation) are realized in the SPEEDTRONIC (see Appendix 1). Two single phase potential transformer outputs (100Vac nominal, from 45 to 66Hz) arrive in TTUR and TPRO cores where isolation transformers reduce this nominal 100Vac input to 5Vac. Final synchronizing order depends on 3 synchronism relays (K25, K25P, K25A). Each of them is the result of a specific sequence defined as following: K25: “Auto Synchronize”, activated by the automatic synchronizing algorithm, optimized for top dead center ; K25P: “Synchro permissive”, logical permissive in case of Automatic Synchronizing mode. Both relays are driven from , and controllers, using 2/3 logic voting. K25A: “Synchro-check” relay permissive which depends on voltage, frequency (+/-0.3Hz) and phase (+/-10deg) windows. This relay is driven from , and located on VPRO , using 2/3 logic voting. (K25A is used in case of Manual Synchronizing mode too.)

2.6. OPERATOR INTERFACE ( local HMI ) From the operator interface there are remote synchronizing facilities :

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SYNCHRONIZING COMMANDS : Automatic synchronizing command (SYNC AUTO). Synchronization OFF command (SYNC OFF). Manual synchronizing command (SYNC MANU). Synchronizing monitor ( MONITOR) Control switch of the 52G circuit breaker for the opening/closing of the breaker. Control switch 52G dead bus Control switch of the 52L circuit breaker for the closing /opening of the breaker. « ± U » orders, for manual voltage adjusting « ± SPEED » orders, for manual frequency adjusting RESYNC Push-button 52G/52L circuit breaker selection.

INFORMATION : - Position of automatic / manual synchronizing selection (OFF/AUTO/MANU/MONITOR) - Frequency variation (%) - Phase angle difference(degrees) - Voltage difference value (%) - Frequencies monitoring (bus and generator) - Voltages monitoring (generator and bus) - Synchronoscope - 52G position - 52L position - 52L/52G circuit breaker selection


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3. SYSTEM OPERATION The circuit breaker synchronizing or closing is a transient operation which allows the machine set to go from a steady state operation to a new one in order to produce electrical power on the network. 3.1. STEADY STATE OPERATION In the Plant, the steady states correspond to the states in which the machine set can stay permanently until an operator order or automation protection operates. This is a function of the circuit breaker positions, the Network state, and the GT state. 3.1.1.

GT IN NORMAL OPERATION

In normal configuration, 52G circuit breaker is closed · 52L circuit breaker is closed · GT is running · The HV bus is alive · The GT generator is connected to the network or to the bus. 3.1.2. · · · ·

GT IN STAND-BY 52G circuit breaker is open 52L circuit breaker is closed GT is in operation or not The HV bus is alive

Two different situations can exist : To start the unit, the bus must supply the electrical cranking motor. If GT generator is excited then the operator has to close 52G breaker by synchronization. If GT generator is not excited and the GT is running, the operator has to give a GT STOP order and wait for GT speed at 14HS state in order to send a GT START order. The group circuit breaker is automatically open as there was a problem on HV line or by any protection panel command. In this case, the Unit is islanded. Then, GT speed is at 100,3% nominal speed, the GT frequency is automatically and progressively set at 50Hz ±0.2% (except for isochronous mode) and the GT load is automatically adjusted. After solving hypothetical HV problem, the operator can re-synchronize the GT with the bus by closing the 52G circuit breaker by synchronization. 3.1.3.

GT ISLANDED

52G circuit breaker is closed 52L circuit breaker is open · GT is running · The HV bus is alive · The line circuit breaker is automatically open as there was a problem on HV line or by any protection panel command. In this case, the Unit is islanded. Then, GT speed setpoint is at 100,3% nominal speed, After solving hypothetical HV problem, the customer will have to re-synchronize the GT by closing the 52L circuit breaker by synchronization. ·


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3.1.4.GT ON DEAD BUS OPERATION 52G circuit breaker is open 52L circuit breaker is open · GT is in operation or not · The HV bus is dead or not · When the Gas Turbine is starting, the unit runs until Full Speed No Load. When the dead bus coupling permissives are present (no voltage downstream the 52G breaker and 52L breaker open), the 52G circuit breaker can be closed by dead bus closing order, and the GT generator will supply the main transformer. Then, the 52L breaker will have to be closed by synchronization (will be performed by customer facilities). ·

If the Gas Turbine is stopped, the operator can close the 52L breaker by an "Override" order, in order to feed the main transformer (By Customer).

3.2. TRANSIENT OPERATIONS The transient operations allow the transfer from a steady state to an other. In that system, the final target is to feed the HV Bus. The different steady and transient states are summarized as follow :

VOLTAGE RECOVERY 52G DEAD BUS CLOSURE

GT IN STAND-BY

52G OPENING

GT ON DEAD BUS OPERATION GT ISLANDED

52G SYNCHRONIZING with 52L closed

52L OPENING 52L SYNCHRONIZING

GT IN NORMAL OPERATION STATE


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3.2.1.

52G SYNCHRONIZING

The basic principle is to close the generator circuit breaker (52G) when voltages, frequencies and phase conditions are satisfied. To realize this operation, the Gas Turbine must be at the “FULL SPEED NO LOAD” state (100,3% nominal speed) and the Line circuit breaker (52L) must be closed. Three synchronizing main modes are available: - AUTOMATIC SYNCHRONIZING MODE - MANUAL SYNCHRONIZING MODE - MONITOR MODE AUTOMATIC SYNCHRONIZING MODE When this mode is selected, synchronizing operation is realized directly by the Speedtronic synchronizing system. Automatic synchronizing operation is activated by a GT START order ( in local, from the local and in remote, from the DCS or remote HMI) if the permissive to synchronize is true. One cumulated synchronizing permissive will be done by the client to the Speedtronic panel. If the gas turbine is already started, the operator can "re" synchronize the unit. The synchronizing sequence is realized without operator’s intervening. Generator excitation voltage and turbine speed adjustments are calculated by the Speedtronic synchronizing system, until the Generator voltage and frequency equal respectively the line voltage and frequency. When the conditions are correct, the automatic-synchro-device gives the closing order to the generator circuit breaker (52G). During each automatic closing, the SPEEDTRONIC counts and memorizes the closing time. For added protection a synchronism check relay (K25P or K25A) is provided in the Speedtronic . It is used in series with both the automatic synchronizing relay and the manual breaker close switch to prevent large out-of-phase breaker closures. MANUAL SYNCHRONIZING MODE From the local server operator interface , SYNC MANU command activates this mode. By looking voltage, frequency and phase information, the operator can adjust Generator frequency and voltage by the « ± SPEED » orders and the « ± U » orders selectors until Generator voltage and bus voltage are equal. The operator with the HMI server screen push-button of the 52G circuit breaker gives 52G closing order. If voltages, phases or frequencies are not equal, the synchronism check relay of Speedtronic inhibits operator’s closing order. If no load is selected, the unit is loaded automatically to the « Spinning reserve » (5% of base load) which is the minimum load. The closing order signal the both case is sent to GCP and the GCP give the final order through the power Contactor.

MONITOR MODE During monitor mode the automatic synchronizing procedure is followed, but the final closing contact 25 is inhibited. This mode is useful for testing purposes.


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3.2.2.52L SYNCHRONIZING To realize line circuit breaker synchronization, the Gas Turbine must be islanded and the generator circuit breaker (52G) must be closed. The basic principle is to close the Line circuit breaker (52L) when all conditions (voltages, phases and external permissive) are satisfied.

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Two synchronizing main modes are available: AUTOMATIC SYNCHRONIZING MODE MANUAL SYNCHRONIZING MODE AUTOMATIC SYNCHRONIZING MODE When this mode is selected, synchronizing operation is realized directly by the Speedtronic synchronizing system. The operator will select the circuit breaker to synchronize ( in local, from the local and in remote, from the remote or the DCS). Automatic synchronizing operation is activated by a GT START order ( in local, from the local and in remote, from the remote or the DCS) if the permissive to synchronize is true. If the gas turbine is already started, the operator can "re" synchronize the unit if ISOCHRONOUS mode is deactivated by pushing the RESYNC Button . The synchronizing sequence is realized without operator’s intervening. Generator excitation voltage and turbine speed adjustments are calculated by the Speedtronic synchronizing system, until the Generator voltage and frequency equal respectively the line voltage and frequency. When the conditions are correct, the automatic-synchro-device gives the closing order to the generator circuit breaker (52L). During each automatic closing, the SPEEDTRONIC counts and memorises the closing time. For added protection a synchronism check relay (K25P or K25A) is provided in the Speedtronic . It is used in series with both the automatic synchronizing relay and the manual breaker close switch to prevent large out-of-phase breaker closures. MANUAL SYNCHRONIZING MODE From the local or remote server operator interface , SYNC MANU command activates this mode. In first time, the operator has to select 52L by using the 52G / 52L circuit breaker selection target. By looking voltage, frequency and phase information, the operator can adjust Generator frequency and voltage by the « ± SPEED » orders and the « ± U » orders selectors until Generator side voltage and bus voltage are equal. The operator with the control switch of the 52L circuit breaker gives 52L closing order. If voltages, phases or frequencies are not equal, the synchronism check relay of Speedtronic inhibits operator’s closing order. The closing order signal the both case is sent to GCP and the GCP give the final order through the power Contactor.


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3.2.3.

VOLTAGE RECOVERY – 52G DEADBUS CLOSURE

This is enabled if the following conditions are validated: GT at FSNL. · Generator breaker selected · Signal confirming that the HV bus is dead (voltage relay in GCP). · Generator breaker open · Line breaker open · DEADBUS closure order activated on the HMI. · Then the Gas Turbine control system (Speedtronic) realizes automatically the deexcitation of the generator (to avoid to magnetize the main transformer at full voltage), waits around 15 seconds and then closes the excitation relay and the 52G.

3.2.4.

52G OPENING

The generator circuit breaker is automatically opened during GT shutdown operation by the reverse power relay or during load-shedding operation by generator protection relays. It must be noted that the Generator breaker (52G) can be opened manually at any time during the Turbine running from the HMI

3.2.5.52L OPENING The 52L circuit breaker can be opened manually at any time during the Turbine running from the HMI.

4. CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTS LOOPS 4.1. PRINCIPLE SCHEME Refer to Appendix 2.

5. LACKING OF CONTROL AND POWER 5.1. POWER SUPPLY DIAGRAM


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125 VDC D1 Motor of Circuit breaker D2 Line 1 D3 Line 2

Automaticsynchro device Closing Tripping coil coil Tripping coil


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5.2. TROUBLE DESCRIPTION - Circuit-breaker D1 open : MOTOR SUPPLY FAILURE is informed in the Generator control panel. The operator can control the circuit breaker manually. - Circuit-breaker D2 open : POWER SUPPLY FAILURE is informed in the Generator control panel. The Gas Turbine and the Line 1 are tripped. - Circuit-breaker D3 open : POWER SUPPLY FAILURE is informed in the Generator control panel. The Gas Turbine and the Line 2 are tripped.


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APPENDIX 1


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APPENDIX 2


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52G SYNCHRONIZING DIAGRAM

GT at FULL SPEED NO LOAD AND 52G OPEN

LINE CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSED AND BUS ALIVE

SYNC MANU COMMAND FROM

SYNC AUTO COMMAND FROM

MONITOR

ACTIVATED

ACTIVATED

Ev. RESYNC (local or remote) ACTIVATED OPERATOR VISUAL CHECK AT THE DIFFERENTIAL VOLTMETER EXCITATION no VOLTAGE +/MANUAL ORDERS

VOLTAGES EQUALITY

no

VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY MEASURE BY THE MV NETWORK SIDE

yes

OPERATOR VISUAL CHECK AT THE SYNCHRONOSCOPE TURBINE no SPEED +/MANUAL ORDERS

VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY MEASURE AT THE GENERATOR OUTLET

PHASES & FREQUENCIES EQUALITY

SPEEDTRONIC SYNCHRO-DEVICE

VOLTAGES EQUALITY

yes

no

EXCITATION VOLTAGE +/ORDERS

yes

SPEEDTRONIC SYNCHRO CHECK RELAY PERMISSION ACTIVATED 52G MANUAL CLOSING ORDER (local or remote)

no PHASES & FREQUENCIES EQUALITY

TURBINE SPEED +/ORDERS

yes SPEEDTRONIC SYNCHRO CHECK RELAY ORDER

no

yes

yes 52G CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSING ORDER TO GCP

52G CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSING FROM GCP TO SWITCHYARD

CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSED INFORMATION

SPINNING RESERVE


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GT at FULL SPEED NO LOAD AND 52L OPEN

GENERATOR CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSED AND BUS ALIVE

52G / 52L SELECTOR SWITCH

SYNC MANU COMMAND FROM

ACTIVATED

ACTIVATED 52L Selection validation

OPERATOR VISUAL CHECK AT THE DIFFERENTIAL VOLTMETER

VOLTAGES EQUALITY

PHASES & FREQUENCIES EQUALITY

VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY MEASURE DOWNSTREAM LINE CIRCUIT BREAKER

SPEEDTRONIC SYNCHRO-DEVICE

VOLTAGES EQUALITY

yes

no

EXCITATION VOLTAGE +/ORDERS

yes

SPEEDTRONIC SYNCHRO CHECK RELAY PERMISSION ACTIVATED no

VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY MEASURE UPSTREAM LINE CIRCUIT BREAKER

yes

OPERATOR VISUAL CHECK AT THE SYNCHRONOSCOPE TURBINE no SPEED +/MANUAL ORDERS

52L Selection validation (local or remote) ACTIVATED

52L

EXCITATION no VOLTAGE +/MANUAL ORDERS

SYNC AUTO COMMAND FROM

52L MANUAL CLOSING ORDER (local or remote)

no PHASES & FREQUENCIES EQUALITY

TURBINE SPEED +/ORDERS

yes SPEEDTRONIC SYNCHRO CHECK RELAY CLOSE

no

yes

yes 52L CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSING ORDER TO GCP

52L CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSING FROM GCP TO SWITCHYARD CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSED INFORMATION


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VOLTAGE RECOVERY DIAGRAM - 52G DEAD BUS CLOSING

GT at FULL SPEED NO LOAD AND 52G OPEN

52L OPEN

52G BREAKER SELECTED ( Target on HMI )

DEAD BUS Closure Order ( Target on HMI )

52G CLOSING PERMISSIVE FROM CLIENT (option)

NO VOLTAGE DOWNSTREAM 52G SPEEDTRONIC PERMISSIVE 27BN<30%

GENERATOR DEEXCITATION

TIME DELAY 15 sec.

52G AND EXCITATION CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSING ORDER

52G CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSING

CIRCUIT BREAKER CLOSED INFORMATION


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PRINCIPLE SCHEME

OPERATOR INTERFACE

SPEEDTRONIC

GT Start order · GT Stop order · 52G Command order · « ± SPEED » orders · « ± U » orders · 52G/52L selection · Deadbus Closure order ·

VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY MEASURE UPSTREA M THE LINE CIRCUIT BREAKER VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY MEASURE DOWNSTREAM THE LINE CIRCUIT BREAKER VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY MEASURE UPSTREAM THE GENERATOR CIRCUIT BREAKER

controllers See detail Appendix 1

VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY MEASURE DOWNSTREAM THE GENERATOR CIRCUIT BREAKER

GT GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL

· · 52G/52L

DCS GT Start order · GT Stop order ·

Synchronism relays · « ± U » orders · 52G/52L selection · ·

Feedback Selection 52G/52L

52G/52L Closing /Triping Orders · « ± SPEED » orders

GAS TURBINE FUEL FLOW


VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY MEASURE

CIRCUIT BREAKER (52L) COMMAND

GT GENERATOR EXCITATION COMMAND

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Sync System

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