iratfy ;ksxihB gfj}kj
nSfud thou eas mi;ksxh Lons’kh&fons’kh lkeku dh lwph fons’kh
oLrq
Lons’kh
vf/kdrj VwFkisLV gfM~M;ksa ds pwjs ls curk gSaA dksyxsV] fgUnqLrku yhoj ¼Dykstvi] isIlksMsUV] ,se] flckdk½] flckdk] ,DokÝs’k] ,eos fXyLVj] T;ksÝjh esulZ ¼QksjgUl] Xyhe½ vksjych] DokUVe] Vwtsy ¼ykxr % 60 #@fd0] dher % 200&315 #@fd0 equkQk % 2500%½
VwFkisLV eatu
loZJs"B & nUrdkafr] nUr eatu ¼iratfy vk;qoZsn fy-½ Ukhe] ccwy dh M.Mh] uhe 320 rjg ds dhVk.kq ekjrk gSA eatu& fodks ctznUrh] Mkcj] oS|ukFk] Åa>k] fgrdj] dey ¼LokuUn½ ljlksa dk rsy $ ued $ gYnhA 'kkdkgkjh VwFk isLV & fodks otznUrh] vej ¼LokuUn½ pksbZlA vU; VwFkisLV & uhe] ,adj] feLokd] ccwy] izksfel] lgkjkA
dksyxsV] Dykstvi] isIlksMsUV] ,DokÝs’k] flckdk] fctMe
VwFkcz'k
loZJ"s B &,D;qi’sz kj ds vuqlkj vaxy q h ls nk¡r lkQ djus ls vkarksa dh ekfy’k gksrh gS o dCt nwj gksrk gSA ¼dher % 0½ izksfel] vt;] vtUrk] eksusV] jks;y] Dykfld] MkW0 LVªkWdA
lHkh lkcquksa esa lksMk gksrk gS] tks Ropk ds fy;s gkfudkjd gSA fgUnqLrku yhoj ¼yDl] fyfjy] ykbZQckW;] yslkalh] eksrh] ekxkZ]s Msfue] dses] Mkso] jsoykWu] fi;lZ] jsDlksuk] czht] geke] vksd]s t;½ iks.M~l] MsVksy] fDy;jfly] ikeksfyo] DokaVe] ,eos] tkWulu csch ¼fder % 100&150 #0@fdyks½
ugkus dk lkcqu
loZJ"s B&dk;kdafr] dk;kdafr ,ykssohjk ¼iratfy vk;qosZn fy-½] nw/k$cslu] eqyrkuh feV~Vh$ngh] vjhBk$vk¡oyk$f’kdkdkbZA vuqjk ¼LokuUn½] esMhfeDl] uhe] fujek] fuek] ikdZ vosU;w ¼jse.M½] fizfe;e ¼tds½ tsLehu] eSljw lsna y] Lokfrd ¼uhe] f’kdkdkbZ½] dqVhj] vQxku] lgkjk] pafædk] fgekuh fXyljhu] xksnjst ¼flaFkksy] Qs;jXyk] Xyksjh] ekjoy] fothy] f’kdkdkbZ] xaxk½] foizk]s larjq ] gcZy] csch] dkfeZuks cschA
dksyxsV ikeksfyo ¼gSyks] ghuk] ikeksfyo½ fgUnqLrku yhoj ¼yDl] fDyfud] luflYd] jsoykWu] ysDes½ izkDs Vj ,oa xsca y ¼fDy;jfly] isUVhu] esMhds;j½ iks.M~l] vksYM Likbl] ekfpZl] 'kkoj Vw 'kkoj] vsxfsZ ud] gsM ,aM 'kksYMj] tkWulu csch ¼fder % 300&500 #0@yhVj½
'kSEiw
loZJs"B &'kSEiw ¼iratfy vk;qosZn fy-½] eqyrkuh feV~Vh&ngh] vjhBk&vk¡oyk&f’kdkdkbZA ¼fder % 0½ fizfe;e] foizk]s ikdZ vosU;w] Lokfrd] v;wj gcZy] ds’kfu[kkj] gs;j ,.M ds;j] ukbfly] vfuZdk] osyosV] Mkcj okfVdk] ctkt] lsokJe] ukbZy] yso.s Mj] xksnjstA
fgUnqLrku yhoj ¼lQZ] fju] luykbV] Oghy] vksds] foe½ ,fj;y] psd] gsUdks] fjfoy] ,eos] DokUVe] 555A Åuh diM+ksa ds fy, & oqyok’k] bZth uhy & jkWfcu Cyw] Vhukiky] LdkbZykdZ VkW;ysV fDyuj & gkfiZd] dhoh] ykbZtksyA
diM+s o crZu /kksus VkVk 'kq)] fuek] eksnh] ds;j] lgkjk] LokfLrd] foey] fgiksyhu] z k’k] dk lkcqu] ikmMj Qsuk] llk] Vh lhfjt] MkW0 MsV] ?kM+h] ok’kosy] fpjkx] pUnzid DyksFk ds;jA ¼xglaxzg½] dqlqe] fDyUtj] Vhe 2000] xksnjstA o uhy Åuh diM+ksa ds fy, &tsfVy] Vksi’kkVA uhy &mtkyk] jkuhiky] fujek] pedks] fMiA VkW;ysV fDyuj &lsuh Ýs’k] vksMksfid] fDyUtjA loZJs"B& xeZ ikuh o nw/kA ¼dher % 0½
vksYs MLikbl] ikeksfyo] ikW.M~l] ftysV] bjkfLed] Msfue ;kMZy]s CywLVUVA ¼dher % 400&1400 #0@fdyks½
lsfoxa Øhe]
loZJs"B & xje ikuh o nw/kA ¼dher % 0½ ikdZ vosU;q] fizfe;e] fo tksu] bekeh] lgkjk vQxku] cylkjk] xksnjst] fufo;kA
ftysV ¼7 vks Dyksd] bjkfLed½ foYeSu] foYVstA
CySM
Vksikt] xsyUs V] lqijesDl] ystj] ,lDok;j] flYoj fizUl] fizfe;eA
fgUnqLrku yhoj ¼Qs;j ,oa yoyh] ysDes] fyfjy] Msfue] jsoyksu½] Øhe] ikmMj o izksDVj ,oa xsEcy ¼vk;y ,ao vksys] fDyj;fly] fDy;jVksu½ lkSUn;Z pkfeZl] iks.M~l] vksYM Likbl] ,uÝSap] ;kMZys] Cywlhy] izlk/ku dh MsVky] ukbfly] pkyhZ] bEihjh;y ysnj] ‘'kkoj Vw ’kkoj] lkezxh tkWulu cschA VkVk ¼ikoj] ,EcslM s j½ jSx a yj] ukbZd] M~;d w ] ,MhMkl] U;wiksV]Z I;wek] ,sjks] osu gqluS ] ,syulksyh] yh gsujh fgyA jkMks] lhVhtu] jkWySDl] Lohldks] lhdks ikjdj] fudylu] jksVksesd] fLol,;j] ,Mtsy] jkbMj] ferlqfc’kh] ¶ys;j] ;wfucky] ik;ysV] jksyxksYMA
jsfMesM oL= ?kM+h isu] isfUly
dk;kdafr ,syksosjk] dk;kdafr uhe] dkafrysi] ,syksosjk dslj] tsy&vkstyl ,oa rstl ¼iratfy vk;qoZsn fy-½ ikdZ vosU;w] fizfe;e] fodks] cksjksIyl] cksjksyhu] cksjksfly v;wj bekeh] fgekuh xksYM] ukbZy] yso.s Mj] fVIl ,.M Vks] cylkjk] gs;j ,.M ds;j] eksjhl] D;wVhdqjk] vQxku] fufo;k] gsoUl] xkMZu] flaFkksy Xyksjh] ,Dlisy ¼ckykssa ds fy,½ osyosV ¼csch½A loZJ"s B &[kknh ¼100%½ dkWVu vkjkenk;d] LokLF;izn gSA dsfEczt] ikdZ vosU;w] vksDtsEcxZ] ckWEcs MkbZxa ]ihVj baXyS.M] jQ ,aM VQ] fVªxj ftalA VkbVu] ,p,eVh] esfDlek] izsfLVt] vtUrk] jkpht] jhdksA dSey] fdaXlu] ’kkiZ] jsuksYM] lsyks] foYlu] VwMs uVjkt] ,sEcslM s j] fyad] MsYVk] MkDVj] eksUVsDl] LVhd] laxhrk] yDlj] vIljkA
fons’kh dSLVªksy] xYQ] 'kSy] VkVk&fczfV’k fQfyIl] FkkWelu] lhesUl] thbZ] lSelax lSU;ks
oLrq Y;wcvkW;y
Lons’kh bafM;u vkW;y ¼lokZsa½] Hkkjr] fgUnqLrku] vkbZchihA
fctyh ds lkeku ,adj] foizks] ctkt] eSlwj] lhek] lw;kZ ,p,eVhA
vkbZlhvkbZ] ctZj] jkWchysd] czksYd] uSjksyd
isUV~l
,f’k;u isUV~l] lq¶jyd] ,iksykbV] LikdZ] jaxokjs] DokyhVh] 'kkyhekjA
twrs & ckVk ¼ikoj] ,EcslMj] ukFkZLVkj] DokMkDohu½ ch,elh] djksuk ¼I;wek] ,Eik;j ½ ,sMhMkl] ukbZd] fjcksd] QhfuDl ¼VQ½] oqMysUM] ykcsyA ikWfy’k & psjh] Cykle] dhohA
tqrs ikWfy'k
tqrs &fycVhZ] y[kkuh] LdkbZ vkDlQksMZ] Hkkjr ysnj] ,sD’ku] fjysDlks] isjkxku] okbZfdaxA ikWfy’k &fycVhZ 'kw 'kkbZu] fcYyh] dkuksZckA
xqMbZ;j] Muyi lh,V] Qk;j LVksu] fcztLVksuA
Vk;j
,e vkj ,Q] tsds] foØkUr] eksnh] izhfe;j] viksykA
isIlh ¼ygj] 7 vi] fefjaMk] Lykbl½ dksdk dksyk ¼dksd] QsUVk] LizkbZV] FkElvi] xksYMikV] fyEdk½ Vhe] flVªk Ø’k] esdMksoy] cqd cksaM ¼fdlku½ fyIVj ¼Vªh Vki½ ¼ykxr % 2-5 #0@yhVj dher % 33 #&64#@yhVj] equkQk % U;wUre 1000%&2500%½
dksYM fMaDl
fo’o LokLF; laxBu us vf/kdrj dksYM fMªDa l dks /khek tgj ?kksf"kr fd;k gSA 1 ?kaVs esa 4 yhVj dksYM fMªDa l ihus ls eR;q fuf’pr gSA loZJs"B xqykc 'kcZr] cknke 'kcZr ¼iratfy vk;qoZsn fy-½ nw/k yLlh] NkN] twl] uhacw ikuh] dsjh] ukfj;y ikuh] 'ksd] BaMkbZ] tythjkA ¼dher % 2#0@&30 #0@yhVj½ :gvQtk] jluk] ÝqVh] lq/k] xksnjst taibZu] ,uthZ] lksl;ksA
Hkkjr nqfu;k esa pk; o dkWQh dk nwljk cM+k mRiknd gSA fons’kh dEiuh;k¡ flQZ iSfdax djrh gSA fyIVu ¼VkbZxj] xzhu yscy] ;syks yscy] ph;lZ½ czd q ckW.M ¼jsM yscy] rktegy½ xksMÝs fQfyIl] iksylu] xqMfjd] lujkbZtA dkWQh & usLys] usLdSQs] fjpcwA
pk; o dkWQh
Pkk; o dkWQh LokLF; ds fy, gkfudkjd gSA loZJ"s B &fnO; is;]vkaoyk twl] ,yksfojk twl] ¼iratfy vk;qonZ s fy-½ pk; &VkVk] czã iq=] vle] fxjukj] dkykk?kksM+k] yky?kksM+k] Mcy] Mk;e.M] ck|] cdjh] /kulsjh] uojRu] e/kqJh] lkslk;Vh] ykyfdyk feyhA dkWQh &bf.M;u dSQs] ,e-vkj-A
usLys ¼ysDVkstu] lsjsyd] usLVe] ,y-ih-,Q-] feYd esM] usLizs] ,ojhMs] xkYVdks½ XysDlks ¼QSjsDl½] vfud ¼dher % 150&250 #0@fdyks½
f'k'kq vkgkj o nw/k ikoMj
loZJ"s B &ek¡ dk nw/k] 'kgn] nkyksa dk ikuh] mcys pkoy] Qyksa dk jlA ¼dher %1&30 #0@yhVj½ vewy] b.Mkuk] lkxj] riu] feYd ds;jA
MkWDVj ds vuqlkj 'kjhj dks fdlh VkWfud dh t:jr ugha gSA cwLV] iksylu] cksuZohVk] gksfyZDl] dksEIyku] LiVZ] izksfVusDlA ¼dher %160 #0@fdyks½
VkWfud
loZJs"B &nw/k] Qy] lfCt;k¡] vk¡oyk] lykn] vadqfjr xsgw¡ puk] ewax] ewaxQyhA cknke ikd] P;ouizk'k] ve`r jlk;u] ¼iratfy vk;qoZsn fy-½ ¼flQZ vadfq jr djus ls iz k s f Vu o foVkfeu 30 ls 60% rd c<+ tkrs gSa½ vU; vk;qosZfnd VkWfud] U;wVªkewy] ekYVksokA
vf/kdrj vkblØheksa esa tkuojksa dh vk¡rksa dh ijr gksrh gSA okYl] Dokf yVh] MksyIl] dSMcjh]] ckLohu] jksfcUl] ;kdkMwMYlA
vkblØhe
loZJs"B &?kj dh cuh vkblØhe] dqYQh] veqyA okMhyky] dksdqy] feYd QqM] isLrksuth] fnu’kkW gsoeksj] t;A
ued
ns’kh ued essa Hkh vk;ksM+hu gksrk gSA ¼dher % 1 #0@fdyks½ la/s ko ued ¼iratfy vk;qonsZ fy-½ VkVk] lw;kZ] rktk] rkjkA
vkyw fpIl
lHkh vkyw fpIl LokLF; ds fy, gkfudkjd gsAa loZJ"s B &?kj esa cus fpIl chdkth] ,ouA ¼dher % 35#0@fdyks½
usLys ¼esaxh½] czqd ckW.M ¼fdlku½ czkmu ,.M ikylu] osdihYM] jsDl ¼dher % 90 #0@fdyks½
VkekVj lkWl] ÝqV tSal
loZJ"s B & ÝqV tSe] ,iy tSe] feDl tSe ¼iratfy vk;qonsZ fy-½ ?kj eas cuk lkWlA ¼dher % 20 #0@fdyks½ b.Mkuk] fiz;k] fVYywjke ¼Vªkl½ eukst] fly] fuykUl] jluk duZyA
usLys ¼eSxh½
VekVj lkWl ,oa ÝqV tSe
loZJ"s B & ÝqV tSe] ,iy tSe] feDl tSe ¼iratfy vk;qonsZ fy-½ ?kj eas cuk lkWlA ¼dher % 20 #0@fdyks½ b.Mkuk] fiz;k] fVYywjke ¼Vªkl½ eukst] fly] fuykUl] jluk duZyA
fcLdqV pkWdysV
loZJs"B &xqM+$eqxaQyh] dktw T;knk LokLFkizn gSA ¼iratfy vk;qosZn fy0½ vkaaoyk dsSUMh] csy dSUMh] fcfLdV] dSMhA fczVkfu;k] ikjys] csdesUl] Øhfedk] 'kkxzhyk] bUMkuk] vewy] jkoyxkaoA
fgUnqLrku yhoj ¼vUuiw.kkZ½ czqdckW.M ¼fdlku½ fiYlcjh] ¼dher % 6-5#0&10#0@fdyks½ vady] isIlh ¼jQYl] gkLVsl½] QueapA ¼dher % 90 #0@fdyks½
vf/kdrj pkSdysV esa vklsZfud uked tgj gksrk gSA dSMcjh ¼cksuZfoVk] 5 LVkj½ fyIVu] gkfyZDl] U;wVªhu] foDl] isjks] yksV~l] bDys;lZA
fons’kh
oLrq
Lons’kh
Vh-oh-] fÝt] vksfuMk] ch-ih-,y-] foM;ksdksu] vdkbZ] Vh&lhjht] lyksjk osLVj] Lkksuh] fQfyIl] gqM a bZ] lulqb]Z vkbok] lkiZ] ,yth] nso]w lSU;ks] oh-lh-Mh-] Vsi] Økmu] VsDlyk] xksnjstA us’kuy isuklksfud] dSuoqM] FkkWelu] lSelax] fgrkph] rks’khck] dksfudk] ik;ksfu;j] dsfYousVj] fOgyZiy w ] dsuLVkj] bysDVªky s Dl] okf'kaxe'khu ,oa bysDVªkfud xqM~l Lqfer] ctkt] xksih] T;ksfr] Å"kk] t;iku] bukYlk] vksjVseA vkbZ-,Q-ch- oksYVlA flaxj] esfjV] jSyhfeDl] dSuLVkj] czkmu] us’kuy] fQfyIl] egkjkt]th- bZ-A th- bZ- jSyhlA ,D;wfQuk] fduyh] cSyh] R;ksj ykbZQ] bZfo;u] lSu&iSysxzheksa] iSfj;j uksfd;kA MkyMk czk.M] vkbZ-Vh-lh- rsy] fgUnqLrku fyoj o vkbZ-Vh-lhczk.M ds lHkh rsyksa dk cfg"dkj djsaA
feDpj
ia[ks ikuh
vksfj;aV] Å"kk] [ksrku] iksyj] ,adj] ctkt] flUuh] Vh&lhjht] vkjVse] ØkeVuA vksfj;aV] Å"kk] [ksrku] iksyj] ,adj] ctkt] flUuh] Vh&lhjht] vkjVse] ØkeVuA loZJs"B& ?kj dk mcyk lkQ ikuh] ;Sl] xaxk] fgeky;k] dSp] jsy&uhj] fclyjhA
eksckbZy VsyhQksu vtUrk] vksjisV] Å"kk&yDllA [kk| rsy
loZJs"B& dPph ?kkuh dk rsy] ¼iratfy vk;q0 fy0½ ljlksa dk rsy] lks;kfcu o ok;q rsy tyok;q ds vuqdwy ugha gSA
Msy] vkbZ-ch-,e- lksuh] ,p-ih- fyukoks] dkEiSd] rksf'kck] Fkkelu] ysiVkWi DEI;wVj ,p-lh-,y-] foizksA lSelax] ftfuFkA dkokldh] gks.Mk] gq.MbZ] lUVªk]s QksMZ jkW;y bZu QhYM] elZfMt] Vks;Vk] djksyk] LdksMk] fu'kkuA
nksifg;k okgu~
fgUnqLrku yhoj] ik;fu;j] gsDLV] QkbZtj] fltsUVk] eksulsUVks] dkjfxyA bu lHkh dEifu;ksa ds chtksa ,oa dhVuk'kdksa dk cfg"dkj djsaA
cht ,oa dhVuk'kd
ctkt] fgVks] Vh-oh-,l- VkVk VSd ª ] rwQku] Lojkt&ektnk] vEcSlMj] bUMl] vtUrkA LFkkuh; Lrj ds chtksa dk mi;ksxA
uksV % jkrksa&jkr dksbZ Hkh Lons'kh oLrq fons'kh gks ldrh gS vkSj dksbZ Hkh Lons'kh oLrq fons'kh gks ldrh gSA Hkkjr ds cktkj esa oS'ohdj.k dh izfØ;k ds ckn cgqr lkjs czk.M oLrq,a Lons'kh ls fons'kh gks tkrh gSaA d`I;k vki vius Lrj ls v[kckjksa ,oa if=dkvksa ds ek/;e ls bl lUnHkZ esa rktk tkudkjh djrs gSaA uksV%& vki tgk¡ Hkh jgrs gSA mlds vkl&ikl lSdM+ksa Lons'kh oLrq,a curh gSa d`I;k vki buds ckjs esa tkudkjh djsa vkSj mu Lons'kh oLrqvksa dk vf/kd ls vf/kd mi;ksx ,oa izpkj djsaA
