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HOT STUFF 10 The Hot Four O Nokia Lumia 1020 O Samsung Ativ Q O Vuhl 05 O HTC One Mini 16 Vital statistics Samsung Galaxy NX The 20.3MP DSLR that’s also an Android smart-thing. But definitely not a phone 18 Gigapixel Taking a wide-angle look at tech news 20 Icon R-KAID-42 “Daddy, didn’t they have plastic in the ’80s?” A wooden retro gamer to confuse the kids 23 Apps This month’s mobile must-downloads 26 Choice Bike lights I see you, Addison Lee. And you see me 28 Games Turn your console into a dystopian wasteland on Mad Max. Alternatively, move to Woking 33 Geek on the road Kelvedon Hatch A tour round one of the Vaults from Fallout: New Vegas. OK, that’s a lie. But it’s a lot like one 34 Vital statistics Sony Xperia Z Ultra The hottest phablet since sliced… tablets? 41 Playlist The discerning geek’s guide to August 42 Opinion Will Autorip save physical media?
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TESTS 65 App:roved Stuff-certified apps for… …model makers and fitful sleepers 66 Tested What’s the best big TV I can get for less than £500? Answer: a surprisingly amazing 50-incher 69 Tested 3D printers The future is here! And we’ve tested it O Makerbot Replicator 2 O 3D Systems CubeX Duo O Up! Plus 74 Tested 3D printing services Pay someone else to do all the hard work OiMakr O Sculpteo OShapeways 79 Stuff picks Appcessories All together now: “Gadgets and apps/work together in perfect harmony/side by side…” O Koubachi Wi-Fi Plant Sensor Outdoor OLogicom Spy-C Tank O Triggertrap Mobile O Urbanears Slussen O Withings Pulse 85 Tested BlackBerry Q5 It’s cheap, but does the Q5 leave us cheerful? 86 Tested Headphones Our big-eared test monkey selected the best six pairs of in-ears, on-ears and Bluetooth ’phones. It’ll do anything for a banana 90 Long-term test Ouya Two weeks with the Android games console
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09.13 TOP 10
OF EVERYTHING Which Windows Phone has crashed the Smartphones Top 10, and which headphones have we fallen in love with? Find out from p127
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PROJECTS
48 Rise of the robotic home Upset that you’re not yet living like Sandra Bullock in Demolition Man? Join us for a day in the life of a smart, web-connected home and prepare to have your dreams fulfilled 93 Design 3D-printed objects You’ve seen the test on page 69 – now feast your eyes on the kind of objects we’d print if we had more talent 100 Six seconds to win the internet Vine is the hottest thing in social media right now, but how did it get there? And can it stay ahead of Instagram’s new video app? 107 Fashion Geek T-shirts Become a human billboard for your fave thing 146 Next big thing? Balloonternet When you’ve got all the money in the world, you can play with balloons like Google is
114 Beta yourself Triathlon Turn yourself into an all-swimming, all-cycling, all-running super(wo)man with tips from a real-life Olympic triathlete 117 Re-awesomise your… PlayStation 3 What to do with ol’ fathful when the younger, fitter PS4 arrives on the scene? Give it a new lease of life, of course 118 How to build the ultimate tech home Part 4: music streaming Those lossless files you ripped last month won’t play themselves… 120 Gadget doctor It’s OK, this won’t hurt. Well maybe a little 121 How to… Turn your photos into wood prints We managed it, so you’ll have no trouble 123 5-minute hacks If nothing else, at least… Analogue up your DSLR snaps OSort out your passwords O Set up your new bike OUR PRICES Prices in Hot Stuff are RRPs. Prices in features, tests and Top 10s are the best we could find from a reputable online retailer at the time of going to print.
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There are times when technology can make you feel like a giddy, Raleigh Burner-riding kid again. The first time you used an iPhone was probably one of them and I suspect the first time you successfully 3D print something will be another. With these desktop builderbots becoming ever more attainable – even Maplin's selling them now – we thought it was time to put some of them to work. For Stuff 's verdict on whether now is the time to get 3D printing, check out our test on p69. Not prepared to pay for one? No worries, there's a chance to win a 3D printer on p44. If plastic-excreting makerdroids aren't quite Jetsons enough for you, step into today's robotic home on p48 to see all the futuristic gadgety magnificence that could propel your house into the space age right now. And it's not all robot vacuum cleaners, I promise. Elsewhere, you'll cower at the massiveness of Sony's first gigantophone, the Xperia Z Ultra, on p34, muse over the quirks of the Android-powered Ouya games console on p90 and discover on p100 how Vine, the six-second wonder, climbed the social media trellis. Can it still top the micro-video charts after its shootout with Instagram Video? Get comfy, turn these pages and find out.
THIS MONTH IN STUFF'S iOS APP EDITION Q Video review of the Android-powered Ouya games console. Plus, see the 3D printers in action Q More stunning hi-res photos of the hottest tech Good news! Stuff is also available on Google Play, Zinio, Exact Editions and various other services.
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[email protected] (UK and rest of world) Web www.themagazineshop.com Editorial Director Mark Payton Creative Director Paul Harpin Strategy and Planning Director Bob McDowell Managing Director David Prasher Chief Executive Kevin Costello Volume 17 issue 9 / ISSN: 1364-963 / On sale 7 Aug 2013 / Audit Bureau of Circulations: 73,441 (Jul-Dec 2012)
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© 2013, Haymarket Media Group Ltd. Reprographics by Daniel Knight at Fresh Media Group. Printed by Wyndeham Heron; cover printed by Stephens & George. Distributed by Frontline Ltd, Midgate House, Midgate, Peterborough, PE1 1TN. The US annual subscription price is $75.50. Airfreight and mailing in the USA by agent named Air Business Ltd, c/o Worldnet Shipping Inc., 156-15, 146th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Jamaica, NY 11434, USA. Periodicals postage paid at Jamaica NY 11431. Subscription records are maintained at Haymarket Media Group, Teddington Studios, Broom Road, Teddington TW11 9BE. Air Business Ltd is acting as our mailing agent. All rights reserved. This publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form in whole or in part without the written permission of the publishers. Liability: while every care has been taken in the preparation of this magazine, the publishers can’t be held responsible for the accuracy of the information herein, or any consequence arising from it. In the case of all product reviews, judgements have been made in the context of ware based on UK prices at the time of review, which are subject to fluctuation and only applicable to the UK market.
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O HOT FOUR #1
NOKIA BUILDS THE WORLD’S BEST CAMERAPHONE. (AGAIN) NOKIA LUMIA 1020
If you want to be the best, and you want to beat the rest, dedication’s what you need. Nokia’s ceaseless focus on mobile camera tech is bearing fruit, turning what is a respectable but fairly unremarkable Windows Phone 8 blower into a platform for a camera that knocks every single one of its competitors into a cocked hat. Then takes a really lovely picture of the hat, which its competitors grudgingly retweet because it is just an absolutely cracking picture of a hat. Under the hood, an f2.2 Carl Zeiss lens with optical image stabilisation combines with a 41MP sensor and Nokia’s crafty PureView tech to create huge images that you can crop into as if you were zooming with a long telephoto lens. On-screen dials let you swipe through settings such as shutter speed and ISO as if you were toting a DSLR. It’s not likely to beat the iPhones and Androids of this world in a popularity contest, but what’s better – being popular and average, or being the best? As hot as… your phone left on the dashboard of a Spanish hire car £tba (due Sept) / nokia.com
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The 1020 takes two photos at once: one huge 38MP (effective) image for cropping, editing and printing, and one 5MP snap for facetweeting. It’s got a proper Xenon flash, as well as an LED.
For days when you know you’re going to be snapping a lot, the (optional) Camera Grip cover adds an extra 1020mAh of battery to the 1020, as well as a chunkier handhold.
Nokia’s optical unit is a marvel of microengineering, packing six lens elements stabilised by ballbearings (and over 100 parts in total) into a block the size of a sugar cube.
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HOT FOUR #2 SAMSUNG DOUBLES UP Samsung Ativ Q
In the past, getting two completely different operating systems to play nice has been like feeding two irritable toddlers a whole bag of Mr Crazy’s Tartrazine Tang-Chews each and then asking them to sit quietly together in the same box. Samsung, however, has made the dual-boot game as easy as a particularly simple pie: one press of the Windows button below the screen and the Ativ Q flits instantly between Windows 8 Pro and Android 4.2.2. While the Googley part makes the most of the 13in, 3200x1800 touchscreen and light weight – less than a 13in MacBook Air – the Windows section is powered along by a new Intel Haswell chip, 4GB RAM and a 128GB SSD. With a flippy hinge and an S-Pen to further augment its do-anything adaptibility, tabtops might be about to hit the big time. As hot as... a smuggled OS £tba (due autumn) / samsung.com
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HOT FOUR #3 MEXICAN WAHEY-VE VUHL 05
While our inner geek (and our outer geek, for that matter) insists that the thrill of driving a track car is a numbers game – about being competitive, about beating your personal best – it’s not all about the data. Hooning around in a track car is fun because of the noise, and the feel, and the fact that you know it looks pretty cool. With this entirely subjective criteria in mind, the Mexican-built Vuhl’s 2-litre Ford engine was chosen because it sounds better than the Audi equivalent, its chassis has been fine-tuned in the UK, and it looks – well, you can see how it looks. And for when you do want to analyse your driving, there’s a forward-facing HD camera between the seats and a Record button on the dash. As hot as... 99 RON chilli con carne from £60,000 / vuhl05.com
0-60MPH 3.7sec TOP SPEED 152mph WEIGHT 695kg POWER 285bhp
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HOT FOUR #4 LESS IS PHWOAR HTC One Mini
Because most of the Stuff team are descendents of the same European geek dynasty, we all have gigantic multi-jointed thumbs and can easily use 5in touchscreens single-handed. But for those of you not of the Von Stüffelburg line, less can be more, and the One Mini’s 4.3in, 720p screen is arguably better suited to people who aren’t the result of centuries of careful inbreeding. That doesn’t mean you need to give up the One’s UltraPixel camera, Blink Feed or 4G connectivity, or for that matter its lovely metallic styling, although you will have to keep more money than you would have spent on a full-size HTC One. As hot as... Fun Size aluminium ingots £tba (due autumn) / htc.com
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THE MOST FLEXIBLE CAMERA EVER? Samsung Galaxy NX £tba (due autumn) / samsung.com/uk
Not flexible as in bendy, of course, but as in an interchangeable-lensed camera that runs Android and comes packing both 4G and Wi-Fi chips. Oof O Is it a camera? Indeed it is, with a 20.3MP APS-C sensor, RAW shooting, up to 1/6000th second shutter speed and 8.6fps continuous shooting. You can use it with any of Samsung’s NX lenses, of which there are 13, ranging from fisheye to pancake to 200mm zoomster. A camera, Sir, this very much is . OIs it a phone? No. O Is it, though? It has some of a smartphone’s attributes, yes: Android 4.2 OS being run by a quad-core 1.6GHz processor, with 16GB internal storage, 2GB RAM and microSDXC expansion. It has dual-band Wi-Fi, NFC, Bluetooth 4.0 and a 4G SIMcard slot for pronto photo sharing. O 4G? So I can make calls on it. No. Well, OK, you could plug in a headset and make Skype calls. O So it is a phone. Yay! Look, it’s a camera. But like the Galaxy Camera, it has a phone display: a 4.8in touchscreen that takes up the space of, and largely replaces the use of, physical controls. You can play The Forest Of Doom on it, edit a spreadsheet or use any number of the photo apps available in Google Play. But! Only the core NX camera app will make the most of the SLR abilities of that sensor and those lenses. O It doesn’t look like a phone. Grumble. It’s taller but thinner, and lighter than its sister non-Android NX cams. The question is whether somebody would be willing to pay the asking price – expected to be four figures – for a camera that has barely any physical controls.
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Why this camera is just what EE was hoping for
MARK WILSON @markydwilson
Britain’s first superfast network can sense its rivals powering up for 4G, causing it to go on the defensive. It’s announced doubled speeds – up to 150Mbps – in 12 cities and announced shared data plans, so you can get an extra 4G SIM card for your Galaxy NX
(or a tablet) that shares data from your main tariff. Smashing. Except that EE are still declining to offer unlimited 4G data tariffs and the extra SIM will cost you £5 a month. If you’re going to be uploading 20MP pics from your NX to Dropbox, you’ll be hoping that prices start coming down at the same rate speeds are going up.
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Our pick of the lenses O The fisheye lens 10mm f3.5 Fisheye Fisheyes go in and out of fashion, but even if your peers sneer, there’s joy in having one of the world’s most compact examples – and in the crazy landscapes and set-up shots it can create. £tba (due summer) / samsung.com/uk
LG LA9700 In months gone by you had to be a cigar-champing, top-hat-wearing Etonian with a monocle, a butler and a safe seat on the Conservative front bench to get within 100 metres of a 4K TV, let alone own one. But that is finally changing, and now you only need to be moderately obscenely rich to get one. LG’s new 55in pixel-parading panel is available in the UK for, well, £4K, which buys you a crispy 3840x2160 IPS display complete with a nifty soundbar that retracts into the TV when not in use. Another five years, and us normal people will be able to afford one. from US$6000 / lg.com
O The portrait lens 85mm f1.4 ED SSA Despite austere aesthetics and serious skills, the Galaxy NX will be branded a gimmick by some. Shut the naysayers up with this super-fast portrait lens. £850 / samsung.com/uk
O The mad lens Lensbaby Composer Pro w/Sweet 35 Optic Not a Samsung lens, but one of few Lensbabys available that will fit ILCs. Tweak the sweet spot and focus to create striking images – then share them on t’internet. £300 / lensbaby.com
Flying disk
SANDISK CONNECT WIRELESS FLASH DRIVE YOU CAN USE IT WITH ANY NX LENS, OF WHICH THERE ARE 13, RANGING FROM PANCAKE TO 200MM ZOOMSTER
In the future, we’ll levitate through The Cloud all day, thrumming data at one another on streams of gentle lightning. But while The Cloud’s not always available (when you’re on a plane), SanDisk’s new wünderstick is, and it does the same job, adding up to 32GB of wireless storage (from a swap-outable microSD card) to your phone/tablet. It streams HD video to up to three devices at once, and to charge it you just plug it into any USB port. All of which makes it about the most useful thing we’ve seen all month. from £42 / sandisk.com
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The bigger picture in tech
ASPHALT & BATTERY Nissan’s taken the wraps off the battery-powered racing car it plans to run at the Le Mans 24 Hours in 2014 – and it looks like something NASA might use to shuttle astronauts around a moon base. The space-age ZEOD RC (short for Zero Emission On Demand Racing Car) uses the same lithium battery tech found in the Nissan Leaf, although unlike the humble Leaf it’ll be able to hit speeds over 185mph. No Leaf owner needs to get to the shops that quickly.
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LYTRO GETS APPY & SOCIAL
So it turns out there’s a Wi-Fi chip in the Lytro light field camera. Coupled with the new Lytro iPhone app, it enables you to control the camera remotely, as well as share pictures via social media or export them as GIFs. Finally, a proper way to share those “living photos”.
MICROSOFT DOES A U-TURN ON XBOX ONE
After a couple of weeks cowering from gamers brandishing pitchforks (some 3D-printed at 1:8 scale, others just on WoW), Microsoft has had a change of heart: Xbox One will no longer require daily online check-ins and there’ll be no limit on reselling or trading secondhand games.
SOCIAL POTLUCK
If Facebook seems too much like a school reunion and Twitter feels too full of people who are a bit too full of themselves, try Potluck. It’s a new social network focusing on what’s being shared rather than those who are sharing: posts are anonymous until you click on them. Web only for now, with an iOS app on the way.
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R-KAID-42 €790 / lovehulten.com
Excellent, my humidor has arrived. But what are the buttons for? Easy there, Fidel. This handmade walnut box is certainly beautiful enough to house your Cohibas, but it’s put to better use in front of your TV. The buttons on the similarly exquisite controllers are for the playing of more than 20,000 oldschool arcade games on a bunch of classic systems, all of which are emulated on the mini PC inside. Ah, so it’s a computer. For the internet and suchlike. Nope. This is a computer that eschews the web and sticks to its 8-bit (light) guns. The R-Kaid-42 – meaning “arcade for two”, making the name more like a Prince lyric sheet than a Hitchhiker’s Guide To The Galaxy reference – boots straight into an arcade machine interface, which you navigate using its wireless, USB-chargeable controllers. Pick from a choice of virtual vintage machines, including Atari 2600, SNES and Commodore 64, then select your game from an enticingly lengthy list.
TURN YOUR RETRO ARCADE GAMER INTO TASTEFUL FURNITURE 20
[ Picture Pete Gardner ]
Oh, OK, so it’s a MAME cabinet. In that it lets you and a friend relive the arcadian glories of your youth, yes. But will it take up an entire corner of your garage? No: when you’ve finished playing, the R-Kaid-42 can be clicked together using the magnets lurking beneath the wonderfully worked wood, thus turning your retro arcade gamer into a tasteful little piece of furniture. Don’t even think about resting your ashtray on it…
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Less in your face
FUJIFILM X-M1 PENTAX Q7 Pocket size is something to consider when buying a compact system camera. Are your pockets wide enough for a camera such as Fuji’s exquisite X-Pro1? And are they deep enough to afford one? No problems if you’re a rich wizard, but what if you’ve got pockets like a buzzard’s throat? Fear not: the new X-M1 is both the smallest and most affordable X-series CSC yet. And while there’s no viewfinder, the silver, black or brown snapper does have the same APS-C sensor as the X-Pro1, so you can trouser it in confidence. £680 (w/16-50mm kit lens) / fujifilm.com
We would attribute some of Lomography’s popularity to the fact that people are less intimidated by having their picture taken by something fun and toy-like. Pentax has caught on to this, so you can order the Q7 mirrorless camera in 20 different body colours, then mix and match grip and lens colours for a fun, friendly snapper. With a larger sensor than previous Q-series cameras, upgraded image stabilisation, custom filters and manual controls, it should be pretty smart at capturing your subjects’ relaxed, natural smiles too. £tba (due Sept) / pentax.co.uk
FUTURE STUFF BIO COMPUTERS
Will Dunn, for whom today is just another day – a long, long time ago We humans like to think we’re pretty clever, but our technology is laughably primitive compared to what ol’ Mother Nature can cook up. Take storage, for example: we think it’s amazing that you can keep a whole terabyte of information in a half-kilo, book-sized box. Nature’s best storage system, DNA, is a trifle better: a single gram of genetic material can hold 455 million terabytes, and it can preserve that information for thousands of years. Likewise, computational power: the world’s fastest supercomputers are still a decade
away from an approximation of the data throughput of a human brain… and probably centuries away from doing it with so little power usage. Increasingly, scientists are agreeing that the solution is not to try to compete with such dizzying power, but to join forces with it. Biocomputers – processors made from living cells – are on their way. Earlier this year, researchers at Stanford University announced that they have built a biological transistor, called a “transcriptor”, which could eventually find its way into
computers. Scientists at UWE Bristol recently found that a fungus known as slime mould – the yellow splodge you see on rotting tree stumps – displays memory resistance, which would also allow its cells to perform logic functions. The neat thing about cells is that, unlike electronics, they’re self-replicating: they make themselves, cheaply and tirelessly. Once they get going, it won’t be long before you’re holding an organic Applemould SlimePhone capable of storing many terabytes of information.
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1 BBC Weather £free / Android, iOS Sadly forgoing the opportunity to create an AR Michael Fish, the Beeb has packed its massively popular weather service into a simple, elegant app with a fourday forecast. Now you can get your weather complaints in early.
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£free / Android, iOS The DDG search engine doesn’t track its users, spam them or sell them to spies, and its app offers superb searching, with the mostshared stories about what you’ve searched as well as regular results.
£free / Android It remains to be seen if it can topple Swiftkey, but Si Evolution’s minimalist alphabetic keyboard certainly looks the part, with four simple bars that don’t cover half the screen. It takes some getting used to post-QWERTY, mind.
2 Maximus
5 Pause
8 Deus Ex: The Fall
£free / iOS Are you not entertained? No really, you’re not? Then allow Maximus to transport you back to the golden age of hack’n’slash gaming, in which you do battle with dragons, goblins, giant worms, lobsters and bears. But not Joaquin Phoenix.
£free / iOS While mobile games and social networks applaud you for wasting your entire life on the internet, Pause is a simple offline timer that encourages you to read a book or look at a tree or go swimming. Who needs self-control anyway?
£4.99 / iOS In the first of the superb Deus Ex series to be developed for mobile, Mancunion babbler Mark E Smith undergoes bodily augmentations to make him more chart-friendly for the X Factor generation. OK, so that’s not the plot, but it should be.
3 YouView
6 League Of Evil 3
9 Mr Shingu’s Paper Zoo
£free / Android, iOS You can’t watch TV on it but the official app for your YouView box lets you browse the listings and set it up to record, um, Neighbours, while you’re on the go. And, just like the YouView service, it costs exactly no pounds and no pence.
£1.49 / iOS More tooth-smashingly difficult platform action from the popular 8-bit throwback. This sequel’s video replays let you bask in the glory of finally completing a level, although that’ll be at 4am, when no-one’s awake to share. Or care.
£1.99 / iOS If you wish for your kids to become replicant hunters who leave lovely origami animals at the site of each retirement* (and what parent doesn’t want that?), then they’ll need to learn paper-folding. This charming app shows them how.
APP SPOTLIGHT ASHES EVENT CENTRE £4.99 / iOS Because cricket is a game for people who nerd themselves silly over charts and stats, this Ashes-centric update to Sky Sports’ iPad app should add to your enjoyment of the last two tests. Ashes Event Centre lets you review every ball using Hawk-Eye, which, frankly, is geeky enough to win over even non-cricketloving Stuff readers.
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interesting game. And people did – games such as PaRappa The Rapper, Intelligent Qube and Devil Dice, titles that added so much variety to the platform. With the PS3 we moved towards the big titles, which players love, but we’ve worked to make the PS4 more accessible. I really think we’ll see a renaissance in gaming where we see that variety of experience we had from the early PlayStation days, plus the blockbusters, on one platform. As games evolve, the PS4 will evolve with them. You can see this on PS3, in the sense that The Last Of Us looks so different in year seven than Resistance did in year one, and the same will be the case on PS4.
CURRICULUM LUDORUM
I’m very interested in 4K gaming. But it’s not a focus this year. Right now… Are there any 4K TVs out there? I mean, they’re on sale, but at about 110 inches.
Mark Cerny
THE MAN WHO BUILT THE PLAYSTATION 4
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The Lead Architect on the PS4 tells us about his love of indie games, his history as a game developer and how sometimes he wishes he could do something a bit smaller…
accessible because it’s familiar, because it’s a supercharged PC architecture, which means it’s a PC. One developer told me it had taken all of four weeks to bring their title to PS4.
The PS4 was built with game developers in mind. For three years before the launch of the PS3 I watched the reaction from the dev community when they got their hands on the hardware and found out just how difficult to use it was. Our target for the PS4 was 10 times the performance of the PS3, and when you have that much performance, it becomes easy to try something quickly. For Knack, we wanted to create a character that was driven by a 5000-part physics simulation. It turns out it’s not that hard to make that sort of thing on the hardware, so if you try it, it works, great. If it doesn’t, next idea. This will make development less cumbersome, and it’ll add to the richness of gameplay. And it’s
I have a long history with PlayStation. I’ve been contracting on over a dozen projects since the early days of the PS1, and I’m very proud that it’s supported games that would not have found a home elsewhere, such as Heavy Rain from Quantic Dream, or Journey from That Game Company. There was something magical about the early PlayStation days. With a small team and not much money you could make a very
There are some brilliant indie developers around at the moment. Jonathan Blow is a very exciting developer to watch, so I’m looking forward to Witness a lot. The art style of Transistor is just a wonderful approach to take and I love the story of Octodad. Trying to enhance your graphics by cloud computing doesn’t work. You have to send a couple of gigabytes of data up that tiny little wire to the server, where it computes some pixels and sends them back. We do use cloud computing, but for things such as match-making for online games. Figuring out what we can use it for is something we have to look forward to over the next decade. I’m jealous of friends of mine who are doing smaller projects. With games such as Flower and PixelJunk Shooter, they have an idea and they go after it. I would love to work on a title that’s as concept-driven as the games I was doing back in 1982 for the arcades when you just had an idea, and you had about six months, and you put it out there. Maybe it would succeed, maybe it would fail, but it was based on an idea, a unique idea that anyone who played it would get.
“WE’LL SEE A RENAISSANCE IN GAMING, WITH THE VARIETY OF INDIE GAMES PLUS BLOCKBUSTERS ALL ON ONE PLATFORM”
Marble Madness Not many people turn out a successful game before their 19th birthday. Cerny did, with this 1984 arcade title inspired by the drawings of Escher.
Crash Bandicoot Cerny’s work as Executive Producer was the start of a long collaboration with Naughty Dog, and one of the PS1’s most popular series.
Knack In order to simulate what it would be like to play his PS4-forbeginners as a child, Cerny had an extralarge controller specially made.
[ Illustration Charles Williams / madeup.org ]
NAMES TO DROP #3
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Ouya lookin’ at?
MAD CATZ MOJO Mad cats are anything but simple, with their penchant for licking cream off the ceiling and yowling along to strange jazz. Mad Catz, on the other hand, is a gaming accessories manufacturer, and its take on the Android games console is wonderfully simple. So while the Ouya and its ilk run their own versions of Android and therefore require games to be ported over, the MOJO is open source and can run Google Play. That means that you can play any game in the store, and also that the likes of Netflix, iPlayer and the rest will work on your TV. You could even read Stuff on it! But that would be mad. £tba (due December) / madcatz.com
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C H O I C E
BIKE LIGHTS Keep rolling into
autumn with these gloom busters
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1 Hope Vision 1 LED
The hardy metal body feels strong enough to knock a badger unconscious, should you need to, while the single lens-focussed LED is bright enough to make a high-speed escape. £120 / hopetech.com
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2 Exposure Blaze Mk1 You can be a careful cyclist but there are still plenty of people stupid enough to drive into the back of you. This very bright USB-rechargeable rear light might stop that happening. £100 / exposurelights.com
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3 Knog Blinder Road
From trendy accessories maker Knog, a new set of very bright, rechargeable, waterproof lights that will keep you safe at night and turn heads during the day. £100 / todayscyclist.co.uk
4 Aura Safety Belt
Augment your illuminations with this nifty belt, which you wear like any other trouserstrap, but which contains a lightstrip powered by its rechargeable battery. £25 / auracyclesystems.co.uk
5 Cateye Orbit
Fix these babies on to your spokes and they create rings of light when you’re moving, adding to your visibility from the side and making your bike look well boss. £20 / cateye.com
6 Tumble & Fall Pro900L For when you absolutely, positively have to illuminate every mothercrusher within a two-mile radius, 900 Lumens of road-brightening power. £120 / evanscycles.com
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Screen machine
GARMIN HUD One of the more useful things early adopters have been noticing about Google Glass is that it can overlay your vision with speed and directions as you drive. You can also get a head-up display in your car if you buy a new, expensive model, or if you wear a fighter pilot’s helmet, although that can get in the way of one’s cup of tea. But worry not, for Garmin’s affordable in-car HUD uses your phone (running a Garmin sat-nav app) as a brain and beams directions and telemetry info on to your windscreen – thus turning your ’92 Sierra into KITT from Knight Rider. Well, sort of. £130 / garmin.com
START MENU
Home-baked Pi
LITTLEBOX
The month’s best concepts, start-ups, crowdfunded projects and plain crazy ideas
Catch me if you cam
SQUITO
Autosculptor
HANDIBOT
from £345 / kickstarter.com
£tba / serveball.com
from US$2400 / handibot.com
The LittleBox is a touchscreen desktop PC with a Raspberry Pi brain that you build yourself from a kit of laser-cut wood panels. But while it’ll take just days to create, it’ll set up your nipper for a lifetime of tinkering, customisation and programming. With its 14in screen and integrated audio, it’ll be a decent homework machine, and when more powerful Pis are released you can rebuild it with a new brain.
Sometime soon, a proper throwable camera will arrive, and Squito might well be it. It’s only at the patent ’n’ prototype stage, but inventor Steve Hollinger’s ball-cam uses position and orientation sensors to figure out where and how it’s moving, then knits the pics its three cameras take into a coherent shot or panaroundable sphere-pic. It’ll even do stabilised video, which beats lobbing your phone about.
The mere words “robotic power tool” should get people’s attention, but what the Handibot does is very impressive. Combining a powerful router (wood-cutting kind, not data-serving) with the smarts of a 3D printer, the Handibot can be placed on any surface, where it’ll use standard drilling, routing or cutting bits to carve whatever you want. A machine that can make proper furniture? It could be the end for Ikea.
Status Seeking funding (kickstarter.com)
Status In development
Status Funded, twice over (kickstarter.com) 27
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OUT 2014
FIRST LOOK MAD MAX It might be tempting to write Mad Max off as a brainless movie tie-in – Mad Max: Fury Road will smash into cinemas next year – but this open-world drive ’n’ fight game is well worth a second look. After all, if ever a film was given to the endless space of an open-world game, Mel Gibson’s desert-wandering dystopian dieselpunk deathrace is it. And this isn’t some hastily cobbled-together effort from a developer in thrall to a movie studio: it’s being made by Avalanche Studios, which has already excelled at open-world with the Just Cause games.
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Like the best games-of-movies (with the notable exception of GoldenEye), it’s not a game of the movie at all but a separate story that takes place in the same universe. And like the best open-world games, the story is something you can ignore for as long as you like. Instead, you can spend your time doing up your motor – as in the film, car customisation is the key to post-apocalyptic survival and you can turn your ride into a stripped-down speed machine or a lumbering tank – and just driving around, taking on side missions and tooling up for the
inevitable showdown with Robot Tina Turner. Or, at least, that’s what we would expect the final boss to be. Combat is both stand-and-shoot and drive-and-shoot, with enemies leaping on to your moving car to receive a faceful of lead. There’s no word yet on whether you’ll get a sharpened metal boomerang, or an unhinged feral cohort at any point, but we are relieved to inform you that, after a justified spot of fan-rage, Max’s accent will not be American but as Australian as a kangaroo barbecuing a can of cheap lager. Good work, possums.
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2-UP CROWDFUNDED REAL-TIME STRATEGY
WAR FOR THE OVERWORLD Win, OSX, Linux / out now One surefire recipe for Kickstarter success is to conjure up some nostalgia for a classic game. War For The Overworld is an homage to Peter Molyneaux’s Dungeon Keeper, and it pushes all the right buttons: dungeons to build, minions that toil, foolish heroes to foil and even Dungeon Keeper’s Richard Ridings as narrator. And with ingenious traps, online mulitplayer, a map creator and the chance to play as a hero, it develops the format that much further.
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PLANETARY ANNIHILATION
Win, OSX, Linux / out December 15, 2013 The other surefire way to get crowdfunding is to have already made a brilliant game – 1997’s Total Annihilation – for which you are now writing a follow-up. The big-battle spirit remains, now with armies of robots, whole star systems to destroy (asteroids are a popular weapon), and online battles that can involve up to 40 players. Like the original it’ll have a sweeping orchestral score, and again, the same narrator. Get your hand in on the beta version from next month.
WHAT WE’RE PLAYING IN OUR BROWSERS
WILL LOVE TEAR US APART?
£free | willlovetearusapart.com Trust Joy Division to make games sad. Actually, blame the chaps in Malta who’ve made one based on the classic track. It’s a monochromatic, depressing and arduous journey through the end of a relationship via three weirdly animated mini games. It’s brilliant, but it might make you cry.
CUBE SLAM
£free | cubeslam.com Playing air hockey against a bear is a blast. But the most excellent thing about Cube Slam – an excellent Chrome browserbased Pong clone with Arkanoid-style power-ups – is two-player games firing your block at your partner’s gawking visage via webcam hook-up. A hoot.
FPS-MAN
£free | kongregate.com Atmospheric horror. Not two words you’d normally associate with PAC-MAN. But one round of this 3D first-person PAC-MAN remake willl leave a puddle of shame beneath your chair. Dim the lights, plug in your headphones, and see if you’re any braver than we are.
INCOMING SEPTEMBER O GTA V O FIFA 14 OCTOBER OBATMAN: ARKHAM ORIGINS OBATTLEFIELD 4 NOVEMBER OASSASSIN’S CREED 4: BLACK FLAG OWATCH_DOGS ONEED FOR SPEED: RIVALS
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Slender ascender
HUAWEI ASCEND P6 You’ve asked yourself a few questions about your next phone: will it have a 720p screen? A quad-core processor? Android 4.2? A microSD slot? And so far, you’re left with loads to choose from. Better get more specific: is it so thin that it could get lost in a pack of cards? Is it, in fact, the slimmest smartphone in the world? Only the 6.18mm-deep P6, which Huawei has kept on dehydrated lettuce and low self-esteem for months, holds that title. It probably won’t hold it for long before it gets all faint and has to rest, mind. £330 / huawei.com
Reroutement consultant
BT HOME HUB 5 An email about a new router isn’t usually the kind of thing that has us pawing and snuffling at the screen in an attempt to get closer to it. We reserve that treatment for new games consoles and high-capacity USB sticks. (What? A 1TB USB key doesn’t excite you?) But while the dualband Home Hub packs in 802.11ac Wi-Fi and Gigabit Ethernet, it’s what it represents that has us salivating: you get one when you sign up to BT’s blisteringly fast new 300Mbps service. Easy there – this thing ain’t waterproof, you know. £tba (due autumn) / bt.com
DROP EVERYTHING AND DOWNLOAD...
IFTTT £free / iOS
Like Londoners, apps are an unsociable bunch. IFTTT (short for “If This, Then That”) is here to get them chatting. Sign up and it’ll let you create “recipes” for automating actions between services – for example, sending iOS photos to Dropbox as you take them, or creating an Evernote reminder when you favourite a gift in Etsy. It’ll come into its own when iOS 7 brings background updating – recipes currently only run when the app is active – and an Android version is in the works for those looking for a Tasker alternative. 31
Geek on the road
KELVEDON HATCH
Ed O’Meara burrows into the bowels of the earth and digs up some tech history A nuclear holocaust holds no fear for an avid gamer such as myself. With a Pip-Boy and scavenged shotgun, I would survive and even thrive in The Wasteland, hunting Radscorpions and walking my robotic canine companion. The reality of life in a Falloutstyle Vault, however, would be a bit more serious – as I soon realised at the Kelvedon Hatch Secret Nuclear Bunker near Brentwood, Essex. These days, it’s not so secret: it has a website (secretnuclearbunker. com), and a large sign on a country road saying “THIS WAY TO THE SECRET NUCLEAR BUNKER”. It claims to provide an Exciting Indoor Adventure for All Ages, and if your idea of fun is poking around dank, eerily lit tunnels, it’s a winner. From an engineering point of view, it’s all hugely impressive. The ton-and-a-half blast doors protect a three-level system encased in a shell of reinforced concrete 10ft
thick, while two Rolls-Royce engines power a pair of Dale generators, producing a maximum output of 500 KVA. The main power-consumer is the cooling system, which would have counterbalanced the heat of 600 people and countless fried eggs, keeping the climate at a reassuringly British 15°C. Also of note is the spartan Prime Minister’s bedroom, complete with Margaret Thatcher doll napping through the nuclear winter. The base even comes with its own preserved BBC radio studio. Priorities, eh? The potential bleakness of the surroundings are somewhat offset by your guides. One is a crudely drawn mole in sunglasses called Moley, the other a free audio guide which delivers cheerily apocalyptic observations in charming ’50s World Service tones. And it’s the latter which brings home the reality of nuclear war: if you weren’t blinded or evaporated by the H-bomb, it reveals, you’d have to contend with temperatures as low as -45°C and gangs of radioactive cannibals: “The only valuable that would still have any value would be food. Or a gun – then you’d get lots of food.” Crikey, Mr Cholmondley-Warner. As one of the official government refuges, Kelvedon was among the most important of
Britain’s Cold War bunkers, but the others haven’t been left to rot: with their cooling systems, failsafe power systems and EMP shielding, they provided the ideal home for Britain’s emerging network of internet servers, turning the relics of our fearful past into the building blocks of a more optimistic future. But if you’re still hungry for war, there’s paintballing next door.
GO FURTHER
...elsewhere
...on holiday
...for life
Burlington Bunker
Cú Chi Tunnels
Vivos
On a grander scale, this 200-acre underground city was built to support 4000 people and has a medical centre, reservoir and a pub: The Irradiated Arms. Wiltshire (burlingtonbunker.co.uk)
This 75-mile-long complex was used by the Vietcong during the war with the US. Booby traps have been helpfully highlighted and tunnels widened for our bloated, capitalist bodies. Vietnam
Snap up 1002ft at this underground luxury community: it’s located in the Mojave Desert (only 150 miles shy of New Vegas), and will withstand a 50-megaton blast. California, US (terravivos.com)
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T A L S T A T S
SONY’S GALAXY NOTE KILLER Sony Xperia Z Ultra £tba (due Sept) / sonymobile.com
“Well done, boys,” said King Sony when his engineers presented him with the Xperia Z, “do more of that.” So they took him literally and made a phablet version O It’s more powerful Far from simply giving the Xperia Z a bigger screen, Sony has furnished it with the biggest brain currently available on a mobile, the new quad-core Snapdragon 800 chip. If you’re a gamer, a multitasker or one of those people who becomes furious in the halfsecond it takes to load a webpage, this is the phablet for you. O It’s more durable Well, in the battery department, anyway. A larger frame means more space for fuel, and the Ultra packs in a 3000mAh battery that should give it plenty of lasting power once combined with Sony’s battery-saving Stamina Mode. Like the Xpera Z and Tablet Z, it’s also waterproof and dustproof, so you can keep it in a bucket in the desert if you want to. O It’s more bigger With its 5in screen, the Xperia Z was already getting into phablet territory – but the Ultra’s massive 6.4in, 1080p display puts it squarely into minitab territory. Amazingly, though, despite its sub-aquatic smarts and big battery, it’s just 6.5mm thick. O It’s more expensive Sony’s Z range doesn’t come cheap, and the Ultra is unlikely to buck that trend. We’d certainly expect it to cost more than rival bigphones such as the Huawei Ascend Mate and ZTE Grand Memo, both of which are available for around £350 SIM-free. That’s not necessarily a bad thing, though – if you’re buying a phablet to replace both your smartphone and your tablet, splashing out on a premium one makes sense. Your move, Samsung.
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USE IT WITH XPERIA Z ULTRA XPERIA Z
Sony SmartWatch 2 Tap this similarly water- and dust-proof chunk of Android on your Ultra and they’ll NFC-meld so you answer calls, control music and read texts without having to wield your mighty phablet on the move. £tba (due Sep) / sonymobile.com
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Good synths come in threes
KORG VOLCA SERIES You might as well face it, you’re addicted to Korg. The cassette-tape-sized Monotron was a gateway synth, introducing you to the pleasures of making your own crazy music, and the Monotribe was a little stronger. The Volca series – Keys, Bass and Beats – is a wallet-friendly trio of proper analogue synths that takes the compulsive fun of Korg’s other mininstruments to its logical conclusion. They’re capable enough on their own, but link them all together and you’ve got a full live act’s worth of noise in a rucksack. £150 each / korg.com
FREE NAPSTER TRIAL
FRE E
Get an extended 3-month trial of the music streaming service with this reader offer
Music is great. In fact without it, there’d be no Stuff each month. Because when we’re in the office late at night slaving away to bring you our special blend of gadget news, tests and features, the only thing that keeps us going sometimes is our office playlist. Well, that and pizza. It’s a complex beast (the playlist, not the pizza) made up of equal parts hardcore punk, twee indie and R Kelly sex songs, and without it we’d be 78% less creative. And because we love music so much, we want to share that love with you, our readers. So we’ve teamed up with Napster to offer you a free trial of its Napster Unlimited Plus Mobile subscription package for 3 months. The service usually costs £10 a month and gives access to a library of more than 20 million songs from over one million artists in every genre,
with new music every day. You can listen as much as you want on your computer, smartphone, tablet, and a variety of stereos and smart TVs. Build a huge music library, create your own playlists or listen to other people’s, stream preprogrammed radio stations or just find the track you want and hit play. Plus, you can save the music you love for offline playback, avoiding data charges and reception blackspots. Napster is the longest running music service in Europe, the original digital music pioneer and the only one to have an in-house team of music experts creating editorial content to help you get the best out of the huge catalogue of music. You will also benefit from exclusive listening parties and NapsterLive sessions, bringing you closer to the artists you love.
How to get the offer Simply visit www.napster.co.uk/Stuff and click to go through to registration. There you’ll find a pre-filled promo code which will give you your 3-month free trial. You’ll need to enter your credit card details, but you can cancel any time before the 3 months is up and you won’t be charged. Once the trial period has expired, your membership will automatically be renewed. This offer is open to Stuff readers in the UK, will run until 6 October and is only available to new Napster users.
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I MADE THIS
A ROAD BIKE THAT I’M TRULY PROUD OF Hoy Sa Calobra Sir Chris Hoy
This bike is named after a climb in Mallorca. I’ve been going on training camps there since 1994 and the highlight is always this legendary climb above a little place called Sa Colobra. It’s about 10km and it’s pretty brutal, but it’s also stunningly beautiful. Of all the places I’ve trained on the road and raced on the road over the years, I thought that’s the place I’d name my road bike after. We could easily have launched a bike in time for the London 2012 Olympics. Commercially it would have made sense, but I didn’t just want to stick my name on any bike. Instead, it took over two years – testing bikes, giving feedback, visiting the factories and so on. I’m proud of the fact
that I put a lot of work and thought into it. My plan was to make a highperformance bike that didn’t require a second mortgage. I wanted it to be strong and light with a low, aerodynamic riding position… But not so racy that your average rider will find it uncomfortable. We’ve tailored it to be responsive but not too twitchy, and lightweight but not flexy. If you’re going to keep it affordable [Ed: there are three Sa Calobra bikes, at £850, £1000 and £1300], it’s better to use a good metal frame than a low-quality carbon one, because it’s stronger and lighter. Most importantly, the money you save means you can put better
“IT’S SO NICE TO TO RIDE BECAUSE YOU WANT TO, NOT BECAUSE IT IS IN YOUR TRAINING PROGRAMME” 36
components on it. A better set of wheels can transform a bike. I like understated design, not luminous colours and logos everywhere. The bands of colour are a nod to my velodrome days – on the cycling track you have the blue “Cote d’Azur” at the edge, then the black racing line and the red line is the sprinter’s line. Riding other brands’ bikes was an important part of the design process. I’d figure out what I liked and didn’t like, then feed that back to the engineers and they’d build a prototype. I’d take that for a ride, suggest more changes and wait for them to tweak the prototype. It took a lot of time, but I’m proud of the end results. And it was great fun, because it meant I could go out on a bike just for the hell of it. It’s so nice to be able to ride because you want to, not because it’s in your training programme, so I get out for a decent-length ride most days.
When I was training we used road riding as a kind of active recovery. On a rest day I’d go out for a lowintensity ride to keep my legs fresh – and it helped me enjoy cycling because it meant I didn’t always associate the bike with the pain of competitive riding. My advice to anyone who wants to get the most enjoyment out of riding, or improve their bike, is to make sure it fits.That’s the biggest mistake I see on the roads – people with the wrong saddle height or angle. If you’re comfortable, that’s a good start. But if you know somebody who’s good with bikes,or know of a good bike shop, ask them to set the bike up for you properly and it’ll make a big difference.
INGENI-O-METER Hoys might well be the new Boardmans on UK roads
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TOM WIGGINS
MEDIA HOARD
Don’t you wonder sometimes ’bout sound and vision?
I am the wireless
CRYSTAL ACOUSTICS BLUDAC A phone, a streaming subscription and a decent pair of headphones are your ticket to endless tune surfing. Until you want to play it through your home hi-fi, at which point you have to dig out a cable and it’s a bit like tying a dead walrus to the back of your speedboat. This digestive-biscuit-sized box holds the key: AptX Bluetooth for a high-quality wireless connection, and a decent Wolfson DAC to convert the 1s and 0s into tune food for hi-fis. At about £100 less than the next most affordable Bluetooth DAC, it’s worth a look. £60 / crystalaudiovideo.com
Pint-sized powerhouse
CHILLBLAST FUSION MAMMOTH Last month we urged you to decide between an Xbox One, PlayStation 4 or a low-priced, Steam-powered PC. Tricky call, wasn’t it? This month we say: to hell with all them flyboxes. The Mammoth is one of three new small-formfactor gamers from Chillblast, all running Nvidia GeForce GTX graphics yet small enough to live in the lounge. All three can be overclocked and pimped until the price and power are high enough to make a plasticky console drop its teraflops. From £1100 / chillblast.com
O In the same month that Pink Floyd wished for, and got, one million streams of Wish You Were Here on Spotify, Thom Yorke and producer pal Nigel Godrich have pulled their music off it. Atoms For Peace’s debut Amok, Yorke’s record The Eraser and Godrich’s Ultraista have all been removed as a protest against Spotify’s paltry royalties for emerging bands. But what are the alternatives? Surely it’s better for unsigned artists to have their music available to over 24 million people in 28 countries? Spotify won’t make them rich, but who else is helping them?
O Over on the original video streamer (that’s the “telly”, if you want to use its latin name) the BBC has announced plans to do an HD makeover on BBC Three, BBC Four, BBC News, CBBC and CBeebies by early 2014. It’ll also add an extra 250 hours of HD content to the total shown on the Beeb every week, with most also available on iPlayer afterwards. Whether your kids will notice the increased sharpness on In The Night Garden’s Ninky Nonk is debatable. If they do, send them our way. They’re clearly destined to be a TV reviewer.
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OUR MONTH What the past 30 days have brought us by way of geekery
I GAVE UP SOME OF MY DNA…
I WORKED ON MY GOLF SWING
Strapping the Swingtip dongle to my shaft [snort], I embarked upon my first swinging session in years [double snort]. Analysis on the accompanying iOS app soon revealed my problem was an out-to-in swing path. Time to test it out on the course.
I ATTEMPTED THE NEARLY IMPOSSIBLE I DIDN’T DRIVE A DRIVERLESS CAR But I did sit at the wheel of a Volvo that drove itself, an experience far less terrifying than being driven by humans. And so it should be – Volvo is introducing the tech in its cars from as soon as 2014.
Simon OsborneWalker acting editor/ Rory McAllwrong
By trying to knock over “the mug that never falls over”. A vacuum holds the Mighty Mug on to the desk when you put it down. Only with a hefty punch did we knock it over. Three other unknockable colours available.
Marc McLaren production editor/ mug slugger Paddy Smith online editor / the passenger
… in order to get a fitness report from XRgenomics.com. Its DNA profiling reveals how inherently responsive you are to aerobic training. Luckily for Mo Farah, I’m officially a “medium-low” responder. Back to table tennis then. Wheeze. Cough. Ow. Etc.
Mark Wilson features editor / DNA on file
I SNOOPED AROUND AN F1 HQ Dell took me to Caterham. Why? So I could see its GP2 car (main pic) and F1 sim (above). But mostly so I could see that running an F1 team requires a blinking bank of servers. More on stuff.tv
I CLIMBED THE THREE PEAKS
… And then tumbled down them. Esat and I tussled with Britain’s highest mountains, totalling 10,000 feet in three days, with Acer. The kit? North Face boots, waterproofs, a Nikon AW110 and Jawbone Up to track our stats. The reward? A sneaky swim halfway down Snowdon.
Tom Wiggins deputy editor/ pit lane private eye Sophie Charara reviewer / Sherpa Techsing
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YOUR MONTH AUG Ignore the summer sunshine: here’s how you should spend the next 31 days
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07 ALAN PARTRIDGE: ALPHA PAPA Almost 20 years after he first made the transition from radio to TV (in the real world, not Alan’s fictional world), Alan Partridge finally gets the movie, and the gun, that he so richly deserves.
20 CROC0DILES – CRIMES OF PASSION Actual crocodiles would clamp their instruments in powerful jaws and death roll them unto destruction. That could sound pretty good but, so far, the Crocs stick with a more lo-fi fuzz-rock sound that you’ll like if you like Japandroids.
ELYSIUM In Neill Blomkamp’s first film since District 9, the rich have floated off into space on a puff of their own smug satisfaction, while humanity’s dregs are left to fight tooth and nail for the last drops of water. Should happen any day now.
25 23 SAINTS ROW IV From the franchise that brought you a bazooka that fires exploding cartoon mind-octopi and the opportunity to wander around naked beating people up with a huge purple phallus... More of the same. With added aliens.
ASUS MEMOPAD HD 7 Following up its game-changing Nexus 7 Android tablet, Asus’ newbie comes in black, pink or green, with a quad-core chip, 16GB storage and a good-enough-toeat £150 price tag.
30 LIVE FROM JODRELL BANK – TRANS MISSION _006 Geek about at the Science Arena before Sigur Rós and Poliça provide an appropriately spaced-out night of music, with the 76-metre Lovell telescope as a projection screen backdrop. 41
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Amazon’s new Autorip service gives you free access to a digital version of that physical media you just bought. Can it save CDs from obsolescence?
WILL AUTORIP SAVE PHYSICAL MEDIA? I’ll admit, as saviours go, Amazon Autorip is hardly the digital equivalent of Superman. It doesn’t have a cape and it’s hard to get excited by a service that offers Tom Wiggins you something you deputy editor can do yourself as soon as the CD plops on to the doormat. But I think that’s missing the point. It’s when you apply it to analogue formats that it really makes sense. Autorip already includes vinyl purchases, a format that has recently seen a huge renaissance, helped in part by the decision of many labels to ship download codes with hard-to-convert records. And what else is hard to convert to digital? Books. Proper book lovers, like vinyl obsessives, will never stop buying the physical product, especially when Kindle prices remain high. But some of them are tempted by the convenience of a Kindle – and it’s in Amazon’s interest to tempt them into buying both. If it was to “Autorip” for your Kindle every time you bought a book, sales would go through the roof. A proper copy for home and a Kindle version for the bus? I’ll take two. (Or is that four?) Similarly, not many people have the time or inclination to rip DVDs and even fewer have a Blu-ray drive in their computers. Ultraviolet and Triple Play discs already offer an Autorip of sorts, with digital downloads bundled in the disc price. Physical formats might be fading, but a coalition with their digital counterparts should stop them disappearing altogether.
YES
Having gone straight from bricks and mortar CD shops to the quick hits of last.fm, iTunes and Spotify, I didn’t get any Autorips when the service launched Sophie Charara last month. I don’t reviewer mind. Unless you still buy CDs from Amazon, or you’d like your misguided early ’00s choices following you around via Amazon’s sleepless CloudPlayer, the result will be more cheap laugh than CD saviour. Sure, CD and vinyl collectors might save a step when updating their digital library. But MP3 is the only format offered (sure to annoy audiophiles), records often come bundled with CDs anyway and albums have to be downloaded from CloudPlayer. Harrumph. As for encouraging disc sales, as much as Amazon would love to lock us in with digital freebies, it’s best to fling your pennies far and wide to discourage stale or all-powerful monopolies. Physical media will never go completely kaput – I hear the cassette tape is having a revival. But while Autorip won’t save pages, plastic and tangled-up polymer, a backlash against streaming might. Spotify old-timers are now realising that if they cancelled their Premium subs today they’d be left with nothing. Physical media’s saviour might simply be that, in times of sputtering broadband, exhausted batteries or just a hankering for high fidelity, that battered paperback, sexily sleeved record or shiny CD collection is ready to go another round.
NO
VOTEGRAPH Your feedback from fb.com/joinstuff, in mountain form
HMM 16.7% Amazon isn’t enough on its own
YES 16.7% Yep, CDs are our new w best old friend
NO 66.6% IIt’s just empty nostalgiaa
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WHAT YOU SAID Peter Lee “It’s good that Amazon is doing this, but I still prefer buying CDs when I’m browsing at my local record shop. Autorip for books would be a dream come true though.” Chris Wellings “The CD is already dead, there’s nothing to save. I haven’t bought any physical media for over a decade now. My CD rack merely serves as a reminder of my embarrasing teenage musical taste.” Anna Blasiak “When hard drives and computers die, your whole music collection goes with them. That, plus better sound quality, means people will always want a physical copy.” Adrian Batterley “I like Autorip, but the main downside is that the Cliff Richard and One Direction CDs bought for my mum at Christmas are now on my Amazon Cloud playlist.” Joe White “With FLAC audio or really high quality MP3s, you don’t really need physical media from Amazon. It’s digital all the way for me.” Neal David Mackie “I still buy CDs, but Autorip is too late to stop their slide into extinction. Digital is easier and cheaper, so everyone except the luddites will go for it. Autorip is merely a nice draw to those who like the nostalgia associated with physical media.” Join the debate at www.stuff.tv
# "
!
W I
N WIN MORE!
SAMSUNG GALAXY S4 & GRIFFIN ACCESSORIES The days of the iPhone having all the accessory fun are over. Want proof? This bundle from Griffin Technology is designed for the Galaxy S4 and includes two cases, an app-controlled helicopter, car charger and headphones. Griffin is even throwing in an S4 too. Yay! Closes: 12 September 2013
WIN AN UP! PLUS 3D PRINTER WORTH £1250 AND BE PROUD “Daddy, what did YOU do in the great 3D printer revolution of the twenty-teens?” Gulp. What will you say to the little mite, as she plays with the non-combatitive semi-AI action figures that she just knocked up in her matter transformer? That you read about 3D printers in a printed magazine, but you were too busy, and just a little too scared, to get involved? Can you bear to see her little Zeiss eyes wrinkle in disappointment? Or will you tell her that you entered a competition, won a 3D printer and
embraced the technology with both hands. Printing little toys or GoPro mounts for orphans and even a cast for Mrs Miggins’ poorly finger. “Captain 3D”, they called you down in the village. And it was thanks to the Up! Plus, one of the trio of 3D printers we’ve tested on p69. It works with both ABS and PLA plastic, has a 140x140x135mm build platform and comes with the software and tools you need to bask in the glow of admiration from your future child’s electro-eyes. And you can win one below.
To announce the search for the UK’s Gadget Guru, we’ve teamed up with tech price comparison site PriceSpy.co.uk to give away an iPad 4. And that’s not the only prize you could win: head to the Gadget Guru app on PriceSpyUK’s Facebook page and you could earn yourself a 12-month blogger scholarship. Wowzers! Closes: 12 September 2013
HOW TO ENTER
For a chance to win the actual Up! Plus 3D printer tested by Stuff in this issue (p72), visit www.stuff.tv/win and answer this: 3D PRINTING COMMONLY USES TWO PLASTIC TYPES: PLA (POLYLACTIC ACID) AND ABS, SHORT FOR… A … Asymmetric Bee Squodge B … Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene C … Andalucian Bubonic Sausage
HURRY!
COMPETITION CLOSES SEPT 12
For more info, visit www.resins-online.com Terms & conditions 1 Open to UK residents aged 18 or over. 2 Entries close: 11.59pm on 12 September 2013. 3 Prizes are as stated. 4 Prizes are non-transferable. 5 The prize will be the sample that was tested by Stuff in this issue. 6 Only one entry per person. 7 For full Haymarket terms and conditions see: www.stuff.tv/legal. Promoter: Haymarket Media Group, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 9BE.
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A PAIR OF VOX AMPHONES
Vox amps have always been cool, but until now strapping them to your ears wasn’t advised. Now reborn in headphone form, you simply plug them into your guitar, adjust volume and distortion levels on the built-in controls, and shred away. Rock on! Closes: 12 September 2013
to enter go to www.stuff.tv/win
E H T F O E E M S I O R OTIC H B O R u ng yoe. i v r e s rone, your homcan d t n a e t v at nt serto automaadgets th e i t n , e g ed a s g up spills apps and right now e n t ' on he ce pin You ds and mop he life of t obotic pla drink s a day in t e a more r Here’ your hous make
Model pictures David Venni Art direction Alex Fanning Stylist Charlotte Adsett Hair & makeup Michelle Marsh Model Shane at Nevs Words Tom Wiggins
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WHAT NEXT …for home heating? Kass Hussain, director of technology for connected homes at British Gas
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Every part of our lives has been fundamentally transformed by technology, but the one bit that’s looking a bit 19th century is the home. I think what we’ve seen with
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Remote Heating Control is just scratching the surface. If it is cold in the morning I switch the heating on from the bed using my iPhone – but why must I set one temperature for my entire house?
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I’d like to be able to control different zones. We’ve got our own in-house tech team now that works very closely with AlertMe [cloud-connected home systems]. Later in the year we’re going to look more to
the start-up community and say, “We’re open for business.” We’ve got some phenomenal talent in this country and we want them to bring us their ideas and, if it’s appropriate, integrate them into our platform.
SMART HOME
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WHAT’S NEXT …for our robo-carers? Marcio Macedo, iRobot’s director of product management
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We see a world in which there are more robots in more homes, doing more things for more people. Generally speaking, while the do-it-all humanoid assistant robot
we see in science fiction is very cool, a singleapplication robot that carries out a single task can be made to perform much more effectively. Instead of a humanshaped robot that cleans in
much the same way as a human does, building a robot that is the right form factor for cleaning is more efficient. A domestic, rather than enterprise, application for Ava 500 could be in allowing elderly
people to stay in their homes. Through the robot, caregivers could connect to various people quickly, and at any time, managing other robot helpers and assessing when home visits are necessary.
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WHAT’S NEXT …for app convergence? Luke Bradley-Jones brand director of Sky’s TV products
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While eatball su ghts into m u of the some tho Behar (the g in p ves ne) turns Y , tap p e wbo le Ke Goog er of the Ja d visit. te n c ig e s p he e x d n une e last time e of a r fo h n t up o , d ly talle ur nate Fortu ound he ins cks on yo t lo r n h e a t r o m g o a t c e ely w Blu emot his ne o you can r ur phone. , n s o , y r doo ess with he kettle o c d t c n g a a in e t im t u h u e he’s p the deli qu se. e il h u W n the ho bando you a t it back to om .c o hotfo 0 / august 0 US$2
The home is becoming a more connected place. Sky+ Remote Record was the first way to control your set-top box through your phone but with the Sky+ app today
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you can manage recordings, initiate downloads and use it as a remote control. The jury’s out whether that’s the way to go for remote controls but what we’re focussed on is the intelligence within
our apps. There are clear benefits for the consumer to having one app, rather than several, but doing that would create a pretty large app that would be a challenge for whatever device they’re using it on.
Combining all the companion app content, along with remote record and downloads as well as Sky Go streaming, will have to wait for a device that won’t crash whenever you try to load it up.
SMART HOME
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HE T E S RELEASUCKER ROBO a omb o R t o but iRob more, once re. The t 0 ie 6 u q 6 se is ywhe er er ou The h crumbs ev o do anoth t ’s there a’s not due til tomorrow b n Room led clean u charging s u d e sch g – it’s on it king plans r a in morn , silently m e it anothe iv n it G io . t g e a in t is p s by rip ur dem g for yo to hate you ce, plonkin r n u o o reas power s ta guff and s t from it ad of ciaba an button. lo le e. c a t it in the Spo s to fil atent hitting got Yves’ p e You’v irobot.com / 0 2 £4
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art of Q best p obably O e h t O t Q spen ou pr t, y h ’ve If you y on a table up with fis r it e k g mon ant to clo s and othe g w n li ’t e n e o in d op he 10.1 potat guts, detritus. T as capable e g M b in cook might not al-core AR u Q d O d z n O H a Q 1G wsing iPad ( ild as an ink web bro friendly bu h t f ; chip ut its che l stuff on it r il ta )b email you can sp Michelin s s s ce It n n . a e e e m car h, h ary a Frenc with n he Qooq is lly comes t a – and name – re base of a ly il t s a d e e th eos. s onlin to vid from it and hows recipe qooq.com / 0 0 £3
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SMART HOME
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WHAT NEXT for Kinect? Luke Hamilton, creative director of digital agency Razorfish
We’re on the advisory council for the Kinect for Windows team, so we get to see advance versions of new tech. Microsoft has built one of the most complex, cost-
effective sensor systems in the world. Just the microphone system in Kinect would’ve cost you thousands of dollars a few years ago. It can detect minute bits of audio. The idea of natural language
has been around for years, but we’re just getting to the point where we can measure intent. That’s the holy grail. Then it becomes much more than a gaming device; it can help you manage your house.
As surfaces become interactive, what can we do with them? Can I touch a doorknob and the lights turn on? Can it welcome me? We’re experimenting with the theory that anything can be a pixel.
OPINION
WHY THE INTERNET OF THINGS IS STUCK ON DIAL-UP
By Tom Wiggins There’s no “I” in team, but there is a “t”, “e”, “a” and “m” in home automation – the problem is none of the tech currently works as one. You’ve got one app to control your music, another one for the telly, a different one for your kitchen appliances… the list goes on – and that’s hardly the definition of automation. Smartphones, shrinking silicon, cloud computing and ubiquitous Wi-Fi might’ve helped the emergence of the Thingternet
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but this fragmentation is preventing it from taking the next step. To truly automate your home you need a single platform, a network that connects everything as a team, and currently that still means a prohibitively expensive system such as Cornflake’s Smart App-artment (cornflake.co.uk), which allows you to control everything from the lights to the coffee machine using a single iPad interface. It’ll even
turn down the heating when you leave the room. But that kind of tech requires bespoke installation, a bank of servers not normally seen outside of NASA and the kind of money you’d need to put a Nandos on Mars. We’ve already spent all of our money on the gadgets, we just need a platform – be it from Belkin, IFTTT, British Gas, or someone else – to bring them all together into one house-governing super team.
A TEST
App:roved
Stuff-certified apps for...
...iAuteurs
...model makers
...fitful sleepers
...geography geeks
Action Movie FX
Foldify
Rise
Barefoot World Atlas
If you’re half-serious about movie-making on your iThing, you’ll already have iMovie, in which case here is the ideal way to inject some fire into your footage. This free app can overlay explosive CGI effects such as missile strikes and machine-gunning mechanoids to your mini masterpiece, with more to be bought in-app. The clips end a bit too abruptly but they’re very realistic and can then be shared online or saved to your camera roll for splicing with other footage. But don’t forget to add a story while releasing your inner Michael Bay.
For a more cost-effective way to get into 3D printing, try Foldify. It comes pre-loaded with templates for models such as cars, people, trees, houses and basic building blocks. Paint them by hand, paste stickers to them or add your own photos and view the 3D model in real time as you go. Once finished, print your design, cut it out and fold it into a real 3D object. You can share your own creations with other users, which is great fun, and other designs are available to buy – although this area needs updating with more templates.
Rise slays sleep demons with a three-pronged toasting fork. First it lulls you into a log-like slumber using a customisable playlist of nighty-night tunes. Then, once you’re snoring away, it becomes a clock, should you happen to wake up in a cold sweat thinking it’s time for work after nightmares about a Raspberry Pi-powered Skynet (it’ll happen, mark our words). Once you’re asleep again, it rouses you at the right hour using one of its own jingles or music from your iTunes collection. On the downside, though, it won’t make you coffee.
A brilliant app for children, this spinnable, interactive globe is a fun way to learn about some of the world’s most interesting animals, cultures, buildings and geography. Nick Crane (from the BBC’s Coast and Map Man) reads out facts and figures as you browse the app’s endearingly animated illustrations and photos. Although available for all iOS devices, it’s better suited to the iPad and iPad Mini’s more expansive screens rather than the iPhone. Give it a go while the kids are distracted elsewhere and you might learn a thing or two yourself.
from £free / iOS Stuff says ++++,
£1.99 / iOS Stuff says +++++
£1.49 / iOS Stuff says +++++
£2.99 / iOS Stuff says +++++
Also consider...
Also consider...
Also consider...
Also consider...
FxGuru: Movie FX Director
Origami Instructions
SleepBot
World Citizen: Geography Quiz
Android’s closest rival to Action Movie FX has fewer free effects but includes impressive motionmatching skills, so spaceships and dinosaurs can be used on panning footage rather than just static shots. Results do vary, though.
Cut out the cutting of Foldify with this handy mobile guide to origami. The instructions could be a bit clearer, but if you invest a little time and cogitation you’ll end up with an impressive spread of stationery objects, from jumping frogs to samurai helmets.
If you suffer from broken sleep, SleepBot could make light of the dark hours. It’s an alarm clock, a movement-sensing sleep timer and can record any nocturnal noises you make – just tap one of the peaks on the audio graph to hear your midnight mumblings.
Think you know your flags and capitals? Set this geographic quiz to its hardest level and you could be in for a shock. Even if you’re OK with capitals, the flags are likely to catch you out. Not the prettiest app but challenging fun regardless.
from £free / Android Stuff says ++++,
£free / Android Stuff says ++++,
£free / Android Stuff says ++++,
£free / Android Stuff says +++,,
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Q
WHAT’S THE BEST BIG TV I CAN GET FOR LESS THAN £500? Want a 50in TV for half a grand? You needn’t go to Dodgy Bob’s Discount Electricals for one, says Simon Lucas of What Hi-Fi? Sound And Vision. Get one of these instead…
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A LITTLE SMARTER…
MAD MAX FIRST LOOK p28
Sony KDL-32W654A STUFF SAYS +++++ There’s no way around it: if you want a TV with serious smarts for under £500, it won’t have a 50in screen. So this Sony is only 32in but smart enough to make the Pana look a bit basic. The 1080p resolution means pictures are pin-sharp, while Sony’s smart portal is awash with on-demand services such as Lovefilm, Netflix and the brilliant Video Unlimited. Throw in a slim’n’sexy design, integrated Wi-Fi and Freeview HD TV and you’ve got a package that’s serious in any size. Price £430 / sony.co.uk
A LITTLE DIFFERENT…
Panasonic TX-P50X60 What’s the deal? It’s straightforward: do without some of the niceties found on models higher up Panasonic’s extensive range and get the sort of picture quality £500 has no right to buy. The X60’s 720p resolution means it’s downscaling from Blu-ray, PS3 or even its integrated Freeview HD tuner, and you go without the 3D, smart TV and streaming services, natch. But the USB port means you can play your stored media easily. Add Apple TV or something similar and it’s as smart a TV as they come. Why does it kill its rivals? Alternatives at this price/screen-size ratio are thin on the ground (unless you spend
A
forever hunting down a 2012 model that’s clogging up a retailer’s stockroom). And none of them offer the X60’s amazingly deep, detailed black tones, nor its crisp edge definition, nor its confident, secure motion handling. Whether you’re watching Freeview HD, a DVD, Blu-ray or are getting your game on, the Panasonic’s never less than assured. Colours are convincing, contrasts are strong (even in direct light) and the viewing angle is wide. Even sound – never a plasma or LCD TV strong point – is balanced and inoffensive. In short, the compromises are few (and minor), while the positives are obvious.
Tech O Panel Plasma, 720p, 600Hz SFD O Tuner Freeview HD O Inputs HDMI (x2), Scart, component/composite, USB, LAN O Outputs ARC, optical digital, 3.5mm O Speakers 20W (2x10W) O Dimensions (with stand ) 1184x757x266mm, 21.5kg Price £450 / panasonic.co.uk STUFF SAYS Big-screen thrills for less than a tenner an inch +++++
BenQ W770ST STUFF SAYS ++++, Like the Panasonic, it’s 720p, and you’ll need to stretch your budget to add a dedicated screen and speakers (we’ve heard much better than the 10W audio system built in), but this affordable short-throw projector can chuck out an 63in picture from just 1m away and maxes out at a massive 300in if you allow it more space. What’s more, it’s fairly light, comes with a handy carry case and is a doddle to set up, so you can keep it stored away then get it out for those special movies and gaming occasions. Can’t do that with a big TV. Price £500 / benq.co.uk
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GROUP TEST
LET’S GET 3D TO RUMBLE You’re already behind the curve. 3D printing is here – it’s online, in the home and down the High Street – and now’s time for you to get involved…
3D printing is so zeitgeisty right now that we wouldn’t be surprised if David Cameron gave it a knighthood as a quick vote-grabber. A short browse around Kickstarter or Indiegogo reveals swarms of 3D printer projects looking for (and mostly receiving) funding, and with good reason; although the first industrial 3D printers were developed in the early ’80s, it’s only now that we’re seeing models that we might be able to afford
and use at home. Couple that to the rise of a new breed of we’ll-do-it-all-for-you 3D printing companies – the likes of Sculpteo and Shapeways – and you have a bona fide sensation. We’ve tested three of the best printers over the next three pages, then three of the best services over the two pages after that. So start adding a “z” axis to your doodles, sharpen up your .stl files and let’s begin…
[ Words Julian Whitehorn, Sophie Charara Pictures Matthew Beedle ]
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1. .STL files
A 3D model file, used by free apps such as Google Sketchup as well as pro-level ’ware such as AutoCAD.The printer’s own OS then slices up the STL model into layers for printing.
1
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2. Build platform
The moving surface on which your model is layered. Platform material varies, and some (the UP! being one) are heated to help prevent the ABS warping as it cools.
3D Systems CubeX Duo What’s the story? With a large 275x265x240mm build platform, the CubeX is big enough to print a plastic basketball. It’s also the only one of our crew that has dual extruders, allowing for multicolour prints or ABS/PLA combinations to create easily removable supports. A touchscreen makes it quick and easy to set up, especially as it has the ability to print from a USB key. The supplied software, however, lacks control over essential settings such as the number of shells (how
thick outer layers are), which meant many of our ABS prints came out with splits in them. 3D Systems has promised an update, and users have had more success with third-party software, but for this money, we’d like everything ready to run. Prints charming? Time is your enemy with 3D printers, but particularly the CubeX. Yes, it’s got space for big models, but the print head trundles around for ages before doing any printing and if
you’re taking advantage of its twocolour print skills, it independently heats the relevant extruder before each sweep. Couldn’t it keep both up to temperature? Robbie (pictured) is just one colour, yet took eight hours. Add into the mix the aforementioned software issues leading to splitting models, the platform that needs a pre-print layer of glue, plus the proprietary cartridge approach to plastic supply and we felt that the CubeX experience just didn’t match its entry price.
Tech Build volume (hwd) 240x265x275mm Material ABS or PLA Price £2400 / letsprint3d.co.uk
STUFF SAYS Big, businesslike and relatively sophisticated, but needs to work on the basics +++,,
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1. Extruder
The business end of any 3D printer that uses plastic filament. It draws in and melts the plastic straw so it can be squeezed out of the tip like hot, poisonous toothpaste.
1
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2. Levelling If the build platform is wonky, then so is your model. Our three printers require manual levelling to ensure the extruder is the same distance at all points. Sounds simple, right?
Makerbot Replicator 2 What’s the story? The Replicator 2 cuts a finer, more businesslike figure than its woody predecessor. You can even change the platform illumination hue – how very Alienware. Onboard controls are provided via a simple four-line alphanumeric LCD screen with straightforward menus and a conversational tone. The included Makerware software is easy to use with plenty of options, and prints can be sent directly to Makerbot via USB or by slotting in an SD card – one of
which comes with your printer, preloaded with some simple models to try. Here’s a company trying hard to bring 3D printing to the masses. Prints charming? Bonus points for producing a successful and detailed print on the first attempt… albeit one of the supplied examples. While we complained about having to use glue on the CubeX’s platform, we had trouble getting models off the Makerbot’s thick, clear acrylic build
platform, even in the face of a stern jabbing from our trusty spatula. Adding a sheet of blue masking tape rectified the problem for further prints, meaning we got brilliantly detailed results – until we ran into trouble with a blocked extruder. It kept failing halfway through a print so had to be dismantled and cleaned out. Despite the hiccups, its focus on making 3D printing more accessible means it’s the one that we can most easily imagine sitting on our desk at home.
Tech Build volume (hwd) 155x285x153mm Material PLA only Price £1800 / robosavvy.com
STUFF SAYS Slick and friendly, Makerbot is doing a good job bringing 3D printing to the mainstream ++++,
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1. Support
Molten plastic doesn’t hang, man, so models with overhangs need support structures printed with them that can be removed once the print is finished.
TES WI T NN ER
2
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2. Plastic types
ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) or PLA (Polylactic Acid) are the main 3D printer plastics. ABS is tough, but prone to shrinkage, while weedier PLA is the eco-friendly choice.
UP! Plus What’s the story? The diminutive UP! Plus might not look like a slice of the future, but don’t let that fool you. Its homebrew feel includes most of its own plastic parts being 3D printed, which is a nice touch. The only controls are the power switch, the “initialise” button plus a red/green status LED – there’s no SD card slot, so you’ll have to physically connect via USB to upload the print, but once that’s done you can unplug your laptop and wander off with it. A variety of tools
come in the box, from tweezers to the world’s sharpest spatula, to help you finish your models. The UP! software isn’t pretty but has all the options you need and is smart about the way it produces prints. Prints charming? The results are clean and sharp, with support material particularly well realised – neatly propping up precipitous parts but peeling away again without bother. The perforated boards that clip on to the heated
build platform look primitive, but when set up correctly provide a solid base for your builds. Once we’d figured out our PLA from our ABS – a rookie mistake – the UP! produced the best results of the printers, quietly and consistently. While all three have a maximum resolution of 0.1mm, the UP! made the cleanest prints, with the fewest wobbles and ridges. It might not go as big as the CubeX or Makerbot, but we’ll take reliability over size, and we didn’t find ourselves craving anything bigger.
Tech Build volume (hwd) 135x140x140mm Material PLA or ABS Price £1500 / johnburn.co.uk
STUFF SAYS An unlikely looking winner whose consistency and perfect prints won us over ++++,
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PRINT ON DEMAND On-demand 3D printing services are a good way to release just a little of that pent-up creativity without blowing the budget on your own printer
Sculpteo What’s on the menu? Putting your face on a monster’s body and other 3D gimmickry is only a sideline for Sculpteo. The French company has been on the 3D printing block for a while, handling everything up to industrial prototypes. It offers an idiot-proof selection of ways to design or upload 3D models as well as customise everything from iPhone cases to key rings via compatible apps. There’s also an online marketplace to get inspiration, sell your designs and buy 3D printed objects. Printed real good? It’s almost impossible to put a foot wrong on Sculpteo’s site. Create a geometric shape, spin it around in the 3D Viewer and
alter the size, material and finish options to automagically change the price. Choose from plastics, resins and ceramics – though the exotic stuff introduces thickness and size constraints. Printing and delivery are pretty swift too. This is all good… but too easy. We elected to get freaky using Autodesk’s 123D Creatures iPad app to create Tom (blue head) and Super Frog, then export them to Sculpteo for printing. What did we learn? That 3D sketching takes many, many hours; that your models can only be printed in a rough (but tough) sandstone material; and that the final colours are more muted than they appeared on screen. But we don’t care. They’re ours. We made them.
BEST FOR... APPY DESIGN
Price Tom: US$34, Super Frog: US$77.50 / sculpteo.com
STUFF SAYS +++++ Perfect for beginners, Sculpteo’s site and associated apps are all fun
Shapeways What’s on the menu? Shapeways is similar to Sculpteo – just bigger and, in some ways, better. It’s geared towards folk who already have 3D files, but there’s also “easy creator” apps, quickly creating rings, cufflinks, etc. Add its nicely curated online bazaar, designers-on-demand service and swathe of available materials (including stainless steel and silver) and it’s obvious why it has 250,000+ devotees. Printed real good? Shapeways’ web pixies quickly send out an email to tell you if the file you uploaded is viable – in our case the awesome Mars Curiosity Rover as digitally sculpted by Thingiverse user ThePlanetMike. It printed
perfectly, even with its fine details, but then it wasn’t a design that a home 3D printer couldn’t manage. Shapeways’ algorithm works out the cost of your model, printed in your chosen material, but setting the size is tricky. We missed Sculpteo’s simple “scale” slider. Delivery comes via UPS from either the Netherlands or New York but is affordable either way. The only drawback is time: it aims for a delivery two to three weeks from your order. Sculpteo and iMakr are generally quicker, depending on the object and material. Waiting time aside, from custom jobs to quick prints, Shapeways is the most comprehensive 3D printing service out there.
Price Mars Curiosity Rover: US$85 / shapeways.com
STUFF SAYS ++++, Loads of designs and materials, but you might have to be patient
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BEST FOR... MATERIALS
GROUP TEST
GETTING INTO 3D A BEGINNER’S GUIDE O CUSTOMISE IT The easiest first steps along the 3D printing path are to personalise a few gadgets: from USB sticks with your name on (try formurlife.com) to face-pottery from Sculpteo (sculpteo.com). The geek equivalent of monogrammed slippers. O DOWNLOAD IT Makerbot’s Thingiverse (thingiverse.com) is a huge platform for downloadable 3D files – 100,000 at last count – which are often refined by other users. Nokia, meanwhile, has released templates for customisable Lumia 820 cases – the beginning of a trend, we hope. O SCAN IT Autodesk’s 123D Catch (123dapp.com) takes 20 to 40 photos of your head/pizza/ pet to generate a 3D model ready for printing. For more precise scanning, both iMakr (imakr.com) and Sample & Hold (sampleandhold.co.uk) offer head or body scans. Or bigger. We’re thinking horses. O DESIGN IT Once you’ve dipped your toes in the world of customising and grabbing 3D files, you’ll want to have a go at designing a model yourself. We’d recommend Google’s SketchUp (sketchup.com) to start with, but Autodesk 123D, Tinkercad (tinkercad.com) and Blender (blender.org) are all worth a go too. But be warned: you should expect some late nights.
BEST FOR... DREAM PROJECTS
iMakr What’s on the menu? Like its rivals, iMakr has a website. You can email your designs to get a same-day quote for 48-hour printing, or choose from its file-sharing platform MyMiniFactory. But, excitingly, it also exists in realspace – a dedicated 3D emporium selling printers, filament and art in London’s trendy Clerkenwell. And, a design-on-demand service that we were itching to try. Printed real good? The shop is a design studio and next-gen toy shop rolled into one, with primary-coloured delights upstairs and a platoon of human designers in the basement. Walk in with ideas, walk out with your finished print
a week later. (You’re allowed to go home in-between.) iMakr currently only prints in plastics, polycarbonate and rubber-like materials, but we’re told silicon and metals are on the way. Our Stuffbot (left) is a mixture of ABS and PLA, designed with the help of iMakr’s Gianmarco Colalongo using Autodesk’s 3ds Max software and printed on both a Makerbot Replicator 2 and UP! Plus – proof that the products in our test aren’t just for n00bs. It’s the expert design and finishing that justifies the £800+ asking price, though: the shiny body and articulated joints are way beyond what we managed to produce on the same machinery. Less casual print then, more dream project.
Price Design: £500-£1000; print: £100; finishing: £200 / imakr.com
STUFF SAYS +++++ We’ve seen the future of 3D printing services, and it’s made of bricks
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OPINION
Julian Whitehorn, 3D printing troll
WHY 3D PRINTING IS THE FUTURE I still think there’s something magical about being able to “print” an object with a 3D printer. Then again, 20 years ago the idea of being able to print a decent glossy photo at home was pretty wild. But it’s all true, you know: these ABS and PLA plastic-extruding
home 3D printing gives us the opportunity to get creative without having to spend years learning a trade, or spending tens of thousands on productionline tooling. It’s the experimental nature of it that’s so beguiling – one day you can print a Thingiverse.com robot
WHY 3D PRINTING IS NOT THE FUTURE I don’t mind a spot of fettling, but testing three 3D printers at the same time almost made me swear off gadgets for life. Dipping a toe into this world of whirring, clunking, fallible machines was like stepping back in time. I very nearly got the hammer out to “fix” them
models!” It seems that expecting perfection is not the mistake; the mistake is forgetting why you don’t already run your own home factory: because you never fancied filling the lounge with expensive, noisy machines that make plastic trinkets. For 90% of
“CHESS PIECES TODAY; CAT BATTLESUIT TOMORROW ”
“I VERY NEARLY GOT THE HAMMER OUT TO ‘FIX’ THEM ALL FOR GOOD”
machines turn a roll of boring-looking plastic filament into anything you (or someone else) can visualise in free and userfriendly CAD software. Despite perhaps a couple of frustrations (see opposite), I couldn’t help feeling like I was riding the wave of progress to the sandy shores of techtopia. Neatly filling in the gap between hand-crafted and mass-produced,
for good on more than one occasion. But some solace was to be had in the fact that I am not alone. There are entire forums of folk who have spent a substantial wedge of money on what basically amounts to a glue gun attached to a set of motors, and are just trying to get it to work with some kind of consistency: “Not extruding!”; “Weird clicking noise!”; “Warped
that’s made of chess pieces, the next that articulated battlesuit you’re designing for your cat. “But all they produce is cracker toys!” you jeer. You’ll eat your words when I’m printing my own customised GoPro mounts, phone cases and tableware, though. Just treat it as an expensive hobby that needs time to master and you won’t be disappointed.
people, home 3D printing is just not ready yet, despite the printer makers’ cries about “user-friendly software” or “easy, fast printing”. If you’re dead keen, by all means design something… but then send it to Sculpteo, to be printed by professionals. I’m off to figure out why my 1:96-scale model house isn’t printing. It’ll be worth it in the end…
WHAT WE LEARNED DO... …use forums. For every problem you might be having, there will be people who are already on to the problems you’ll be having tomorrow. …expect to get your hands dirty. We had jammed cartridges and blocked extruders that required spanner work to fix. …think modular. Many of the best designs print in several pieces and/or colours.
DON’T... …mix up your plastics. PLA melts at a lower temperature than ABS. …expect instant results. As ever with geekery, the fun is in the process as much as the results.
We love the smell of hot ABS in the morning, even though it means that something’s gone fubar with last night’s print… Being a pioneer means discovering pitfalls, solving problems and getting your geek on. If you can’t face the fiddling, one of the ace online services is a good alternative, but we’re up for the 3D printing challenge.
STUFF SAYS
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APPCESSORIES STUFF PICKS
Apps are to the Stuff team what Scooby Snacks were to the titular hound. These five come with their own hardware for maximum smartness
Triggertrap Mobile
[ Pictures Rowan Fee ]
Simon Osborne-Walker acting editor Triggertrap manages to make photography’s least sexy piece of equipment, the remote shutter release, seem exciting and new. It actually turns your phone into the remote, connecting to your camera via an adaptor cable and controlled through an app that does so much more than just release the shutter. You can set it up to do timelapses, long-exposure star trails and HDR shots. My only minor gripe is that the connection from the phone to the dongle isn’t wireless, but this is offset by the fact I can trigger it to shoot when I whistle. £24 (iOS, Android) / triggertrap.com Stuff says ++++,
The adaptor cables are available for most DSLRs and CSCs, plus loads of popular compacts. You get one with the kit but they can be bought separately (£8).
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STUFF PICKS
Koubachi Wi-Fi Plant Sensor Outdoor Mark Wilson features editor If I’m honest, I’d neglected Doug the dragon tree plant. I was too wrapped up in my own life and he’d started to droop. Until, that is, nurse Koubachi came to the rescue. The Wi-Fi Plant Sensor sat in Doug’s pot, monitoring his temperature, water and light levels and keeping me updated via its iOS app. The calibration for some features is a little long (up to a week for sunlight analysis), but the probe soon starts sending push nudges for mist and water. The outdoor version will even survive a heavy rainstorm. Doug is now healthy and well – and my guilt is assuaged. €120 (iOS) / koubachi.com Stuff says ++++, 80
The Koubachi works out what your plant needs through its sensor feedback and the app’s huge library of plant requirements – a fine read for keen botanists on its own.
GROUP TEST
As well as covering the Pulse’s data, the app links with thirdparty apps such as RunKeeper and Withings’ ambientCO2-reading Smart Body Analyzer scales.
Withings Pulse Luke Edwards multimedia journalist The Pulse joins the growing army of step counters, but it’s stepping in with a special weapon. Sure it’ll count your daily paces, mileage, calories and even altitude climbed, but it also offers a clear touchscreen display, clip mount, wrist strap for sleep tracking and a heart rate sensor. It’ll then send all of that data to your Android or iOS device via Bluetooth 4.0. And that’s not its only clever trick: to measure your heart rate, you hold a finger to the sensor for an instant reading. Witchcraft! Despite all that, you’ll get a full week’s use before needing a microUSB charge. €100 (iOS, Android) / withings.com Stuff says +++++ 81
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The free Urbanears app is very basic and lacks key features. Fortunately, the Slussen widget works with the far superior Djay and Traktor apps too.
Urbanears Slussen Tony Horgan senior reviewer Phones and tablets are almost perfect for portable DJing. But with just the one audio output, there’s nowhere to plug in your headphones for cueing and monitoring. The trick is to reduce the signals from stereo to mono and put them either side of the main output, which requires specialist, messy cables. Slussen has solved this with a keyring-attachable splitter. Just rock up at a party with an iThing and ’phones, hook up to your mate’s stereo with a standard cable and boogie the night away. Until you realise no-one there likes Jethro Tull, that is. £13 (iOS) / urbanears.com Stuff says ++++,
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The Spy-C’s camera can be tilted up to 45º for surface-to-air snooping, while its built-in speaker allows you to bark orders via the mic on your phone or tablet.
Logicom Spy-C Tank Tom Wiggins deputy editor When I was a kid my granddad (played by Clive Dunn) gave me a periscope he’d liberated from an old Sherman tank after WW2. I used it to spy on the back garden, willing something more interesting than next door’s cat to wander in. While the subject of my spying is still feline, these days my scope is attached to an iPadcontrolled Wi-Fi tank, which nips about taking snapshots, recording video and beaming back a live feed. The cam is pretty low-res and the controls can lag a bit at distance, but for pure feel-like-a-kid-again kicks, it’s hard to beat. £150 (iOS, Android) / logicom-uk.com Stuff says ++++, 83
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TEST
TESTED BLACKBERRY Q5
BERRY REASONABLE The £500 price-tag on BB’s flagship Q10 smarts a little, but we do enjoy a physical keyboard. Can the cheaper Q5 satisfy both our fingers and our accountant?* QSo what’s been chopped to shave a three-figure sum off the Q10’s price? Well, the Q5’s build is a plasticky shadow of its high-end sibling, it has 8GB storage rather than 16GB and makes do with a so-so 5MP cam instead of an 8MP snapper. That said, the Q10 doesn’t come in black, white, red or hot pink.
[ *We don’t have an accountant. We have a money app… which we never update.]
Q So what stays? A sharp 3.1in 720p screen (although without the Q10’s SuperAMOLED and its inky blacks), NFC and a handy microSD expansion. Plus the swipe-based gestures, active frames and centreof-your-universe Hub mean it has an almost identical OS. Q The 2180mAh battery provides a good two days of tapping away on the Q5. Which leads on to the bad news: the keys are smaller, gappier and less comfortable to type on than those on the Q10, making messaging slower. Log some hours with it, though, and it’ll still be quicker than a touchscreen. Q The Q5 has a sturdy heart, but it’s under-gunned for gaming and multi-tasking, which causes some responsiveness problems and more than a little heat. It’s fine with everyday, hour-to-hour mobile machinations, of course, but we’d still have liked a little more oomph. It does cost £360, after all. Tech 3.1in LCD, 720x720, 330ppi, k dual-core Snapdragon @ 1.2GHz k 2GB RAM k 5MP rear, 2MP front k 8GB storage (+ up to 64GB microSD) k 120x66x10.8mm, 120g Price £360 / blackberry.com
What’s going down in BB10 town Touch + keys = killer OS
10 to 10.1: what’s new?
Never used a BlackBerry? BB10’s gestures and tricks are designed to help you zip around the OS. Swiping back feels natural and has now been aped in iOS 7. Our fave bit? Type “tweet”, “mail” or a name while on the homescreen as a handy messaging shortcut.
The latest version of BB 10 adds virtual word predictions, nifty cursor controls and shortcuts such as pressing “i” to zoom in. New BB10.2 features have been hinted at by BB execs, including multiple alarms (boom!) and cross-platform emojis for chat.
STUFF SAYS Cutely curtailed, but will the real budget BB please stand up? ++++, Windows Phone 8 is bossing BB at the app business Sophie Charara
Recent app additions to the Windows Phone Store, including catch-up TV and banking apps, make a mockery of BlackBerry World’s sparse offering. This means the Nokia Lumia 925 has leapt above BlackBerry’s Q10 in our Top 10 smartphones list. But let’s not forget, while we are happy to worship at the alter of the app gods, the more pragmatic among you may be able to get along just fine without oodles of downloadable delights.
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GROUP TEST
All Kinds of
AURALSOME
Like dogs, headphones come in many breeds: on-ears, in-ears, Bluetooth... But which is top pooch in each category? We tested over 50 pairs to whittle them down to these, the Best in Show
BEST FOR... THRIFTY AUDIOPHILES
1 AKG K451 Five minutes with the K451s and you’ll think the price tag is a misprint. They’re sturdily built from tactile materials, cleverly hinged to make them ultra-portable and, crucially, have an agile, nuanced and (let’s not beat around the bush) thumping sound. All of which makes them among the very best ways to spend 50 quid.
The Momentums feel as good as they look – which is pretty good. And they sound even better – which is even better. As driving as they are subtle, as detailed as they are attacking and as happy to handle hip-hop as they are light opera, the Momentums have talent in all directions.
£50 / uk.akg.com
£260 / sennheiser.co.uk
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS +++++
2 Audio-Technica ATH-M50
5 Denon AH-D600
Teetering on the tipping-point where “portable” becomes “home use only”, the A-Ts are a refined listen, as smooth as something recently shaved. Involving and immersive throughout the frequency range, they’re a bit selfconscious in their “hi-fi” credentials, but still a cracking pair of headphones.
Too big, really, to be used outside the home, and manufactured from rather ordinary-feeling, creaky plastic (apart from the plump earcups). But in terms of out-and-out sound quality, the Denons are a far more elegant proposition. Insightful, rhythmically adept and full-bodied, they’re a real indoor treat.
£135 / audio-technica.com
£200 / denon.co.uk
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS +++++
3 JVC HA-SR75S
6 Sol Republic Master Tracks
Seemingly designed to grip the head firmly even during a hurricane, the JVCs look and feel luxurious in a ’70s-carinterior sort of way. They sound wide open, making even dense recordings easy to follow, and they’re dynamic and forceful too. A little more top-end shine would be nice, but it’s not enough of a problem to deny them full marks.
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4 Sennheiser Momentum
Sol Republic claims the Master Tracks are “virtually indestructible”, and if they didn’t sound so damn fine we might have tested that claim out. As it is, the combination of luxurious finish and sound quality means they’re still in one piece. Like it loud, punchy, fast and controlled? You’ll like these.
£80 / jvc.co.uk
£170 / solrepublic.com
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS +++++
BEST FOR... CLUMSY FASHIONISTAS
GROUP TEST BEST FOR... NEARLY EVERYTHING
BEST FOR... BLUETOOTH ON A BUDGET
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6
3
2 1
BLUE TOOTH 5
BEST FOR... OLYMPIC HOPEFULS
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1 Harman/Kardon BT
2 Bose AE2w
First things first: these are big. It’s not quite like having an iPad Mini on each ear, but it’s not far off. Once you’re used to the generous dimensions you can revel in beautifully clear, crisp and rock-solid aptX wireless reception. Music sounds smooth and detailed, and goes good and loud. Impressive battery life too.
Ungainly Bluetooth receiver module aside, the Bose AE2ws are flawless. They’re light and comfortable, and deliver a wireless sound of casual authority right across the frequency range: organised, hefty and detailed. And if you’re wearing them, you won’t have to look at that receiver anyway.
3 Santok STK Groovez BTHS800
£220 / harmankardon.co.uk
£200 / bose.co.uk
£60 / accessoryvillage.co.uk
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS ++++,
4 Logitech UE9000
5 iT7s
6 Xqisit LZ380
With Bluetooth connectivity and active noise-cancelling in one beautifully made and finished package, the UE9000s are a great way to lighten yourself of £300. Crisply dynamic and attacking, but just as capable of soothing subtlety, they’ve got what is in some places called an “all-court game”.
Despite feeling on the verge of coming out of your ears more or less constantly, the iT7ses prove very difficult to dislodge. And, just as importantly, their wireless sound is open, well-defined and detailed. Some folks will hanker after more weight, but as an exercise option these make a lot of sense.
A brand name from hell, but headphones from a loftier position. The LZ380s feel plump on the head, but they’re comfy and not too hot. Well-timed, unified and bassy sound even when used wirelessly, but the touch-sensitive earpad for volume up/ down and forward/back is hit and miss.
£300 / logitech.com
£100 / bluechipworld.biz
£100 / xqisit.com
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS ++++,
STUFF SAYS ++++,
Ignore the rather sudden looks, the easily fouled earcup controls and the sometimes shaky Bluetooth pairing and you’re left with a pretty well-balanced pair of ’phones. They’re punchy but not uncouth, and detailed enough to be engrossing.
GROUP TEST
BEST FOR... FIRST-TIME UPGRADERS
BEST FOR... SONIC PURISTS
4
6
3
2 1
IN EARS 5
BEST FOR... BREAKING THE BANK
1 Shure SE425 A fair bit bigger than your average bud, but the shape makes them unshiftable and they feel built to last. More importantly, they sound spectacular. Spacious, expressive and revealing of the finest details, with tightly controlled bass and a genuine monitor feel, the Shures rock in a very organised manner.
2 Final Audio Design Adagio III
3 RHA MA150
Japanese high-end hero FAD routinely turns out headphones costing four figures, but that doesn’t mean it’s scrimped on these brilliant bargain buds. They’re poised, kick really hard and are more interested in details than even the US Secret Service.
Obviously you’ll bin the nasty earbuds that came with your phone. As a beer-money replacement, the RHA MA150 (as light and plasticky as the price suggests) make lots of sense. The trade-off for their open, quite punchy sound is a touch of sibilance up top, but for the money they’re great.
£200 / shure.co.uk
£70 / hifiheadphones.co.uk
£15 / rha-audio.com
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS ++++,
4 Audiofly AF56M
5 Sennheiser IE800
6 Sony XBA-C10
Bleeding-edge modernity wrapped in knowingly retro styling, the AF56s fit the bill as fashion item as well as totally accomplished headphones. Pacy, wellintegrated and properly dynamic, these buds are a smooth and articulate listen. Plus they fit like a glove (but a glove for your ears).
There are many reasons to dislike the IE800s. The price, for starters, and the fact they don’t look remotely worth £600. But get them in your ears (they’re light and comfortable) and you’ll sell a kidney to keep them there. They do everything – dynamics, detail, staging, integration, focus – and they do it beautifully.
Clever design means the Sonys are dead easy to get comfortable in even the most unpromising ears. They’re not the bassiest or loudest, but they’re fast and balanced. No matter what you like to listen to, the C10s are in control, setting up a wide-open stage and organising like sergeant-majors.
£100 / hifiheadphones.co.uk
£600 / sennheiser.co.uk
£40 / sony.co.uk
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS +++++
STUFF SAYS +++++
89
336 HOURS WITH THE
OUYA
The first of a new breed of low-cost Android consoles is here. Ouya may be an alternative to 2013’s hype-boxes, but has Guy Cocker sampled the future of gaming? £100 / ouya.tv
DAY 01 In summer 2012, a startup called Ouya convinced 63,416 people to donate US$8.5m via Kickstarter to fund its first product. It was to be an Android-powered games console priced at US$99, with all games free to try and every machine completely hackable and programmable. No wonder many people saw it as the death knell for traditional consoles. Now, a year later, the Ouya is on sale in the UK for £100 and available from the likes of Game and Amazon. First impressions of the console
are good. Inside the box I find the diminutive main unit – which is about the size of a coffee cup minus its handle – and a controller. The latter is no bigger than the Xbox 360 pad, but feels cheaper and is labelled with the letters ‘O’, ‘U’, ‘Y’ and ‘A’. There’s also a power supply and an HDMI cable, which is a nice surprise given that the latter is rarely supplied with consoles. And that’s it: all very streamlined. Ouya’s connections are similarly stripped back, with just one USB slot for hooking up controllers, one
“The lack of pricing is an annoyance – you don’t know when you’ll be asked to cough up or how much it will cost” 90
microUSB input for development features and an Ethernet port for a wired connection; wireless is built in. Because everything the Ouya runs is downloaded over the internet, you’re forced to set up an online account before you can start playing – and right now, you can only have one account per console, which sucks a bit. The interface is split into four sections: Play, which lists your installed games; Discover, which is the store front; Make, where you can use the Ouya to create or load your own software; and Manage, which is where you can alter your user settings. The menu system is super-basic throughout: there’s a short description of each game with accompanying screenshots,
but no sign of video clips or price details on the store. Still, it’s already had one firmware update, so we’re hopeful this will improve. I begin by downloading a few games I already know, so I can compare the Ouya experience with that of other Android platforms. I’m up and running within minutes, but the lack of pricing info soon proves to be a pain. Everything’s free to try, but you don’t know when you’re going to be asked to cough up cash to keep on playing, or how much it will cost (Final Fantasy III is US$15.99, while The Ball is US$9.99). And while games run as well as you’d expect of a recent Android device, they’re basic next to the best dowloadable titles on Xbox 360 and PS3.
LO N G -T E R M T E S T
05
Donut of Truth™
01 04
02 03
01 The homebrew potential is brilliant, with emulators, media players and more 02 Try before you buy means you can spend days playing without paying
03 Poor controller, but you can use an Xbox 360 model 04 Some great games, many truly awful ones 05 Dodgy interface – the store needs a big overhaul
Tech specs CPU Quad-core Nvidia Tegra 3 @ 1.7GHz OS Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean) with custom Ouya UI RAM 1GB Storage 8GB Video output 1080p Connectivity Wi-Fi (b/g/n), Bluetooth 4.0, HDMI, USB2.0, microUSB Controller wireless Dimensions 75x75x82mm, 300g
DAY 02 I take the snacking approach to games: I play for five minutes, then move on to the next. After a little more than a day, I’ve not been forced into paying for anything – although I’ve not felt compelled to pay for anything either. My biggest frustration is the wireless controller: the triggers feel cheap and plasticky. So I ditch it for a wired Xbox 360 controller –that’s much better.
DAY 04 I’ve finally found the Apps marketplace, tucked away quietly in a corner of the store. I download the likes of Twitch.tv, which is a live streaming service for gamers, and emulators for consoles such as the SNES, N64 and Mega Drive. You must own the original games in order to avoid falling foul of the law, and you need to back up or download the ROM files, but once the tinkering is over you’ll get a wonderful retro gaming experience.
DAY 07 After checking out a few Ouya fan sites I learn how to “sideload” other apps on to the device. This basically means loading unofficially supported software, such as the excellent Humble
Bundle with Android games, and media players such as Netflix and XBMC. These unsupported programs tend to crash and are often missing features, but it’s a tantalising glimpse into the growing Ouya development scene.
DAY 10 My recent installations mean I’ve run out of storage space. The 8GB internal memory only really offers 6GB of usable space and you can’t expand storage at this stage. The whole experience is unfriendly: Ouya doesn’t tell you which games are taking up the most space nor make suggestions based on the games you play the least.
DAY 14 I take Ouya to Loading, a videogame-themed bar in central London. The console is incredibly portable, and works with all the spare Xbox and PlayStation controllers lying around. Party games such as Bomb Squad and Hidden In Plain Sight go down a treat with the game-savvy crowd, while the likes of Shadowgun and Puddle THD play great and look gorgeous thanks to native support for Ouya’s Tegra 3 chip. By the time I leave a few hours later I’m feeling much more positive about the Ouya’s future.
STUFF SAYS The Ouya has bags of potential, but it’s not the finished article and will frustrate as many as it delights ★★★,,
91
DESIGN
GAMETE LAMP
We’ve been to Belgium, and lovely it was too. Beautiful architecture, friendly people and a relaxed attitude towards the strength of beer. What we didn’t see, though – even after a few of those beers – were the “floating tree seeds” this lamp’s designer claims inspired him. Mind you, we’d presume a designer named Xavier Lust can claim inspiration from most things. And 3D printing makes Mr Lust’s inspired dreams real, free from conventional manufacturing. And away with the floating tree fairies. from €620 / mgxbymaterialise.com
3d
DRM
You’ve Why n got the mo n ot pay a pro tey and you w o 3D-p rint yoant somethi n u a cus tom mg a bit differe asterp iece? nt.
93
DESIGN
ONE SHOT STOOL
The advent of 3D printing – especially at the industrial end of things we’re gleefully picking from here – has given designer types the scope to create all sorts of weird and wonderful objects. But the beauty of the finished product isn’t the only thing that’s wonderful about the process; this stool is printed in its entirety in one go, including its folding legs. No assembly required here, guv, neither by factory technicians nor the end user. Brilliant. That said, at this price you wouldn’t be best pleased if it arrived flat-packed. €2500 / mgxbymaterialise.com
94
DESIGN
STRATASYS SKATEBOARD
“Bomb hills, not countries” is a phrase used among the peacenik skateboarding community. Amen, brothers and sisters. But would they be comfortable bombing (down) hills on a 3D-printed board? Given this prototype’s diddy size perhaps quick trips to the shop would be more its forte. Produced by Stratasys, a company that is rapidly setting itself up as the Microsoft of 3D printing, the board was made on the [robot voice] Stratasys Objet500 Connex [/robot voice], which is capable of printing both stiff and sproinky materials. And because its wheels and trucks are real, it might be safe to do some minor bombing on it after all. £poa / stratasys.com 95
DESIGN
PROJECT BIPED ROFI
Tear your eyes away from that word “free” at the bottom of this paragraph, and point them instead at the word “project” at the top. The instructions and technical files for printing and building your own robot pal are indeed free and, if you’ve already got a 3D printer, the raw materials should be cheap-ish. But, the Arduino brain, motors and whatnot will have to be paid for. Please don’t be put off, though – ROFI (RObot FIve) wants you to build him. Otherwise he’ll be left all on his own. Bereft. Just look at his lonely… um, ultrasonic range sensors. Have a heart. £free / projectbiped.com
ODD STEAMPUNK GUITAR
Look the part as you wail through the 11th minute of your prog-rock epic: the cogs on this guitar rotate and the piston pumps while you’re playing. OK, so all of it is purely decorative, but that in itself is a feat given the battery-powered animated innards have been 3D-printed in one go. The elaborate body aside, there’s a solid maple core and neck, and Seymour Duncan pickups, meaning it’ll sound as weighty as its design implies. Ideal for industrial music. Geddit? US$4000 / odd.org.nz
97
AMERICANA GUITAR
“Wood rhymes with good and so it should,” as the Jimi Hendrix song doesn’t go. Had it done so, Jimi would have been referring to the admirably resonant properties of dead tree flesh, making it an excellent material for creating guitars. Other materials have been tried – hubcap guitar, anyone? – but wood is the default, not least because it’s easy to shape. A 3D-printed guitar body isn’t easy to shape, per se, as it requires intimate knowledge of CAD software and access to a pro-level printer, but it does allow you to make intricate themed guitars such as this. Jimi would approve, wethinks.
[ Words Fraser Macdonald Pictures Pete Gardner ]
US$4000 / cubify.com
NOT JUST BAUBLES SCIENCE 3D-PRINTS THE FUTURE
98
Buttercup
Braincap
Bases
Bashplates
Deformed duck Buttercup was set for a life of limping until owner Mike Garey 3D-printed him a prosthetic foot. A feathery first.
A US patient now has a 75% 3D-printed skull. The material used fuses with the existing bone and allows X-rays, unlike metal implants.
The European Space Agency and NASA have plans to build lunar bases using 3D printing, creating shelters out of the lunar dust itself.
OK, slightly baubley, but San Franciscan company Bespoke Innovations makes awesome-looking protective covers for prosthetic limbs.
MICRO VIDEO
INSTAGRAM MAY HAVE FINALLY CHOSEN TO EMBRACE VIDEO, BUT OUR EXCLUSIVE LOOK BEHIND VINE’S RESTLESS LENS REVEALS WHY SIX IS THE MAGIC NUMBER FOR MICRO VIDEO
6 S E T O W I N I N T E VINE
The basics I keep hearing about Vine. What is it again? Oh, do keep up. Vine is a Twitter-owned social network built on the making and sharing of six-second video clips. The iOS/Android app captures and splices together your mini creations in, well, seconds. These are then shared on your timeline for your followers to flick through, Instagram-style. So how is that different from GIFs? Vines and GIFs do have plenty in common: both are short-form videos that loop automatically and take up very little bandwidth, meaning they can be streamed or loaded in moments. But Vines
100
feature sound, have a time limit and must be filmed and created in-app; GIFs are made from any video, using one of many apps. Why only six seconds? I’ve got a 64GB memory card, you know… Well done you, but it’s about inspiring creativity, not epic bore-a-thons. Vine experimented with several time limits but found the “sweet spot” of short-form video to be six seconds, as that’s just the right amount of time to create, download or watch a clip. Besides,
bite-size, buffer-free videos match the overall Twitter ethos as well. But hasn’t Instagram’s new video feature just stolen its lunch? Not so fast, FilterBoy23. They’re two very different beasts. Instagram has extended its video time limits to 15 seconds, chucked in 13 “arty” filters and provided softwarebased image stabilisation. And unlike Vine, its videos don’t loop. So it’s more of a battle between brevity and beauty – but more about that on p104.
MICRO VIDEO
C O N D S T H E R N E T EARLY ROOTS
[ Words Sam Kieldsen, Mark Wilson ]
Dig up the fertile digital earth Vine
GIFs (1987) Pronounced “jif” according to its creators but widely delivered with a hard “g”, the Graphic Interchange Format has become the looped-video darling of web forums and blogs thanks to its wide support and high compression.
Nokia 3650 (2003) The first video-capable mobile phone, the 3650 put a camcorder in the pocket of anyone able to afford a mid-range phone. Granted, it was restricted to 30-second, 176x208 clips, but a camcorder it was nonetheless.
Twitter (2006) The micro-blogging service’s 140-character limit began the process of shortening our attention spans years before Vine. So little wonder Twitter bought Vine in October 2012, before the latter had even been launched.
5-Second Films (2008) This LA-based collective has been producing tiny, viral comedy sketches for years, delivering the same brand of ultra-concise humour as many of the funniest clips you’ll find on Vine. The team posts a new film every weekday.
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MICRO VIDEO
We started work on the prototype in April 2012. It happened because the three of us [Hofmann and Vine co-founders Colin Kroll and Rus Yusupov] were into video, but there wasn’t an easy way to shoot and share it, and nobody else was doing it.
Colin and I shot a lot of video, but we only had it on our own phones – that’s all we ever did with it. So we started thinking about what we could do to make this easy, fun and simple, and that’s when we started work on Vine. We came up with the
shooting mechanic, and eventually the length and the looping and all that makes up what Vine is. One of our first decisions was to keep it short – it couldn’t be two hours, or 30 minutes, or anything like that. We settled on the length
we’re using now, which is six seconds. Six seconds felt perfect. And still does. What we found was, because the videos were short, when they stopped it was anticlimactic; it just felt strange. So we added the looping – you’ve never really seen seamless video looping, so we focused on getting that perfect. As soon as we got it right, it felt really good. We weren’t sure why at first, but thinking about it now it makes sense: memories play on repeat, so why not replay it for you? Why force someone to press a button over and over again? And I think that’s one of the two things that makes Vine what it is. The other is creating, sharing and watching video. So we started with a shooting mechanic that lets you take snippets and stitch them together in real time. It’s like, how can we take concepts that people have used for decades in film-making, turn them on their side and make them easy and accessible to everyone?
RIPE FEATURES
Ghost tool
Channels
Revining
Protected posts
When in camera mode, press the ghoul icon on the bottom-right corner of the screen and Vine will overlay the last thing you recorded on to your current view. Very handy for stop motion and making ultra-clean loops.
Vine badly needed better discovery tools so now it’s got 15 channels, including ‘Art’, ‘News & Politics’ and – our favourite – ‘Weird’. We’re not entirely sure cats and dogs needed a section each, but this is the internet after all.
Twitter’s influence comes to the fore with the new option to ‘Revine’ videos within your timeline in the same way you’d retweet something. Previously you could only share other Vines via social networks or by embedding them.
Another Twitter-esque touch is the ability to ‘protect’ your Vines, which means that only your followers can see them. Tick the boxes to share them via Twitter or Facebook, though, and obviously they’ll go public.
I MADE THIS... DOMINIC HOFMANN (VINE CO-FOUNDER)
Twitter recently announced a major update for Vine. These are the fun new toys it received 102
“IT COULDN’T BE TWO HOURS OR 30 MINUTES. SIX SECONDS FELT PERFECT” Good video is very complicated; there are many different parts to it. You could say the common unit of film is the use of the cut, which is why we started there, but there are other things involved in good video composition. We try to take things that are really complex and conceal them. But we don’t want to get rid of them, because if you oversimplify, you lose the richness of the content. So overall, the big one is the mechanic that we use for cutting snippets of video together. It seemed clear to us that this was how people would want to record video on their phone. Once you’ve used it, there’s no other way that really makes sense.
MICRO VIDEO
FLAVOURS OF THE VINE
Just like with longform flicks, Vines have won Tribeca Film Festival gongs and inspired distinct styles. We’ve picked a few of the finest genres growing in the Vine-yard
3 #SONGCOLLAB While they’re unlikely to rival Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young’s finest work, these musical collaborations show how Vine promotes lateral thinking. To create one, the initiator records a looped song segment – a bass line, for instance. The next user then films that Vine while adding an embellishment of their own, such as a guitar riff or vocal. By the end of the process, users will have made a unique six-second tune through inventive teamwork. Next step, being sampled by DJ Yoda.
1 VINE ART While its staccato nature has inspired a stop-motion revival, others use Vine’s looping quality to create serene art – mesmerising loops of clothes fluttering, the dancing of light on a wall – all of which have a Cinemagram air to them (darling). Other artists use it to animate the drawing process itself. Vine is fun, but its artistic potential elevates it above being another time-killing fad. Watch this bit.ly/vine-art Quote “As a painter, I try mainly to capture a sense of motion. Vine helps me to isolate the elements I refer to (like fabric in the wind), so I can study their subtle movements more deeply.” Laura E Pritchett @bythebrush
2 STOP-MOTION Following a time-honoured method, to make a stopmotion animation you film an object (or person), move it a bit, film again, repeat. There are loads on Vine, but Mark Weaver’s Lego animations are some of the best. Use a tripod. Watch this bit.ly/vine-stopmotion Quote “At first I didn’t want to spend over an hour on an animation. Some took less time, others a lot more.” @markweaver
Watch this bit.ly/vine-song Quote “I recognized this as a great opportunity to collaborate with some of the most talented people I knew. So I picked up my other iPhone and added a rhyme to a beatbox track – that’s how #SongCollab was born.” Jason Coffee @jasoncoffee
5 MOVIE TRAILERS
4 HORROR Indie director (and Friends actor) Adam Goldberg has become known for his creatively disturbing clips, which often feature him in a blonde wig. The clips are turning into Vine’s first movie and the hashtag #merrittxanadu44 is now used to signify his David Lynch-style absurdism. Watch this bit.ly/vine-horror Quote “It’s just perfect for these little horror movies.” @TheAdamGoldberg
Think condensing the essence of a feature film into a standard twominute trailer is tough? Try squeezing it into a sixsecond Vine. That didn’t stop Marvel from using it to promote The Wolverine in March 2013, and there’s a burgeoning collection of these on the site. The sixsecond restriction means almost all work brilliantly – and don’t give away all of the plot either. Watch this bit.ly/vine-trailers Quote “Our best works are those that use sound to create rhythms to drive the cut. The looping factor works wonderfully to create a mesmerising effect” Fraser Bensted @retweaser
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MICRO VIDEO
Simplicity remains Vine’s calling card. New features such as ghosting (see p102) add extra screen furniture, but they’re only optional. Recording and publishing is still a matter of only a few button presses – it’s easier than making a toast sandwich.
Although we do like its simplicity, Vine lacks some crucial options. You can’t delete the last section you filmed, so one mistake means starting the whole clip again. Still, the “ghost” tool is great for ensuring smooth loops, and the lack of filters fuels creativity.
If you like Twitter’s casual feel, you’ll take to Vine with aplomb. Swiping through your feed and stopping on a clip plays it automatically. The new categories in the Explore section plus the On The Rise channel also mean there are curated ways to explore too.
EASE OF USE
TWEAKABILITY
DISCOVERY
VINE VS
Surprisingly different beasts for such similar services. But Vine’s limitations breed creativity, making it our favourite hotpot of micro-vid joy
INSTAGRAM VIDEO
The 15-second limit feels a bit long, although it’s not necessary to use it all. You can shoot multiple clips by holding and releasing the shutter, while the Cinema image stabilisation works quite well. But it doesn’t have Vine’s clean look or spontaneity.
THE FUTURE STARS OF MICRO VIDEO
Because no social network has a shelf life of more than a few years…
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STUFF SAYS
Instagram’s calling card is its filters, with 13 for video. They create similar effects to the stills, such as upping the contrast, or lens flares. The changeable lighting and backgrounds of video means they don’t work as well as on stills, although it’s nice to have the option.
At present, Instagram videos and photos share the same timeline, making for a confused experience and leading users to cry out for two feeds. Unlike Vine, videos don’t loop or play automatically. There are sharing options aplenty but streamlining is needed.
VYCLONE
MONTAJ
Turning you and your pals into a multi-camera film crew, Vyclone matches videos shot in the same location by multiple users then syncs and edits them automatically into a single continuous multi-angle movie. Big events such as gigs or football matches provide the perfect fodder for a Vyclone collaboration. £free (Android, iOS, WinPhone) / vyclone.com
This app is like a Vine for extended videos. Create films up to a minute long using five-second clips filmed in-app or taken from your camera roll, then cut them into a different order, adding filters and even a voiceover. Finished videos can then be shared through the Montaj feed, Twitter or Facebook. £free (iOS) / montajapp.com
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PROJECTS MAKE. DO. UPGRADE.
p114 BETA YOURSELF: TRIATHLONS Are you a (very fit) masochist? Then read on for our triathlon tips
p117 5 WAYS TO RE-AWESOMISE YOUR PS3
p121 TURN YOUR PHOTOS INTO WOOD PRINTS
The PS4’s on its way, but the PS3 isn’t finished yet
All you need is a good photo and a dead tree…
p123 IF NOTHING ELSE, AT LEAST... Sort out your passwords and set up your bike
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PROJECTS | 09.13 BETA YOURSELF
Triathlons Ready to upgrade your life from pizza-sofa-sleep to swim-bike-run? Speedo’s Olympic triathlete Stuart Hayes walks us through the work you’ll need to put in to become a towering multi-sport maestro…
FIRST STEPS Be realistic. An Olympic distance triathlon demands at least four hours’ training per week for 12 weeks. If that’s too much, start with a Sprint or Super Sprint race.
Get a triathlon wetsuit. They provide extra buoyancy and are flexible at the shoulders. Make sure yours is tight but still lets you stretch your arms over your head.
Start with a road bike. Novices shouldn’t worry about getting a tri bike at first. A road bike might not have the straight line speed, but it will handle, corner and climb better. Eat healthier. I was a big pasta and bread fan, but it made me heavier and affected my running. So I changed my main sources of carbs to rice and potatoes.
Buy swimming training toys.
Join a triathlon club.
My favourites are finger paddles. They train you to place your fingers in the water correctly, so you maintain good swimming habits when you take them off.
Membership can cost as little as £20 per year and the sessions and advice are invaluable. There’s a full list of UK clubs at the British Triathlon site (britishtriathlon.org).
SWIMMING Study the fundamentals. Download the Mr Smooth app (£free, swimsmooth.com). His annoyingly perfect bilateral breathing, body rolling and kick timing is what you’re aiming for.
Learn the “head up” front crawl. In a race you navigate around buoys and competitors, so practice with your head above water every few strokes.
Use a pull buoy. For a great way to practice without your wetsuit on, invest in a pull buoy (from £8, wiggle.co.uk). They replicate a wetsuit’s buoyancy and position your hips correctly.
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09.13 | PROJECTS LEVEL UP WITH...
Q THE WEBSITE
TEAM DILLON COACHING
teamdilloncoaching.com Sign up for the newsletter from this coaching team led by former triathlon European champion and duathlon world champion Michelle Dillon for handy monthly training tips. The super-committed among you can also sign up for one-to-one coaching, race plans and invitations to training camps.
Q THE BOOK
CYCLING Get on a Wattbike. These static bikes are in many gyms and offer data analysis of your pedalling technique and the absolute mechanical power you’re producing (or not).
Buy a new set of tyres.
RUNNING Do “brick” sessions: two disciplines (for example, cycling and running) done back to back. Add them into your training early on to ward off jelly legs after your race’s final transition.
PRE-RACE PREP Keep energy gels handy.
£9 / amazon.co.uk This story of an overweight librarian’s transformation into an Ironman athlete has been lauded by everyone from triathlon newbies to Olympic champions such as Alistair Brownlee. At the very least it makes a fine accompaniment to a cup of tea and giant slice of fruitcake.
Snap two elastic bands. Tie one around your frame and place an energy gel inside. Do the same on the handlebar stem. Snap the gel free for a mid-race boost.
Fit them on your bike a few days before your race. This will help to avoid punctures and also give you a little more grip on corners.
Vary your pace. If running three times a week, do a 40minute session, a 20-minute one and a speed-based one to aid endurance and burn calories.
Don’t over-carb. Top up your
Stop if you get back pains.
Do speed work. Perform
Memorise the transitions.
Book a fitting session at Sigma Sport (sigmasport.co.uk). Some bike fits try to get you as “aero” as possible, but Sigma’s focuses on your back too.
eight 90-second “hard” sets alternated with 90 seconds “easy”, followed by a 10-minute warm-down. Shorten your session if your body demands it.
As you rack your bike, spend time figuring out the transition zone’s layout and precisely where your bike is, so you don’t get lost and waste time.
glycogen stores for endurance, but not the night before. Add small amounts of extra carbs to your meals in the days prior.
THE FILM
THE IRON MINDS
£free / theironminds.com This series of film shorts follows elite triathletes on their training runs and picks their iron brains for motivational tips. The clips can also be found on YouTube and have been combined into a full-length documentary due for release this year.
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[ Words Stuart Hayes Pictures Janos Schmidt/ITU, British Triathlon, ScottieT.com ]
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09.13 | PROJECTS
5 RE-AWESOMISE YOUR PS3
WAYS TO...
Just because the PS4 is Blighty-bound doesn’t mean its older brother is yesterday’s news. Mark Wilson gives the lowdown on how to re-chic, re-sleek your trusty old PS3
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Gorge on free games
Get immersive gaming sound
With online gaming free on PS3 (unlike PS4), PlayStation Plus has been easy to overlook. But you’ve been missing out on some genuinely great free games – heading up August’s menu of gratis gaming is Need for Speed Most Wanted. And with automatic software updates and early betas too, it’s worth the few quid a month. PlayStation Plus / £40 (per year), uk.playstation.com
Eschew headsets with names like “Fragmax 2000” for a wired pair from a company known for sound perfectionism. Sennheiser’s U320s give amplified sound via their comfortably squidgy earpads. Lift the noise-cancelling mic to switch it off automatically, with the added bonus of feeling like an extra in Universal Soldier. Sennheiser U320 / £100, en-uk. sennheiser.com
4
5
Turn it into a child-sitter
Make it your media hub
Give the engine an overhaul
This Skylandersmeets-Disney fest converts your PS3 into a powerful child distractor. Using the figurines of Sulley from Monsters, Inc., Mr Incredible and Jack Sparrow, players can mash up Disney films to create new games in an open ‘sandbox’ mode called Toybox. The only problem will be getting your PS3 back for GTA V. Disney Infinity Starter Pack / £60, disneystore.co.uk
Slot a hard-drive or two into a Synology DS213J, pour in your media and pair with the PS3 via DLNA for a media feast. Serve with the tastiest cuts of TV courtesy of Netflix. Garnish with a Twitter argument about whether the new Arrested Development is any good or not. Synology DiskStation DS213j / £170, amazon.co.uk; Netflix / £6 per month, netflix.com
Provide your PS3 with a welcome nitro boost by replacing its dusty old hard drive with a fresh, speedy solid-state one. The M4 256GB drive has almost fallen into impulse buy territory, with benefits that are subtle but useful for impatient gamers: quicker boot times, faster load screens and reduced lag on demanding games. Crucial M4 256GB SSD / £140, amazon.co.uk
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PROJECTS | 09.13
HOW TO BUILD THE ULTIMATE TECH HOME
MUSIC STREAMING
PART 4
You’ve got your music ripped to perfection and stashed away safely. Now’s the time to liberate it using this collection of streaming saviours
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2 4
1
Scenario #1
Scenario #2
You want a simple, expandable multiroom music system
You want audiophilequality streaming from an all-in-one box
Not everyone needs to stream music to six bedrooms and a conservatory. If you live in a flat and have a pair of old speakers, two additions will convert them into a wireless system. Start with an (1) Apple Airport Express (£80, apple.com/uk) to act as the ‘bridge’ to your computer. Plug it into a (2) NuForce Dia (£250, nuforce.com), a 24W stereo amp that will convert the signal into room-filling sound. If you don’t use iTunes, download Airfoil (US$25, rogueamoeba. com), which will let you send any audio source to your new setup.
There is no better way to fling music to several rooms than a Sonos setup. The gateway to this multiroom medley is the (3) Play:3 (£250, sonos.com), which combines network music client, amp and speakers in one Mac-, PC-, Android- and iOS-friendly box. After that, options are many: a Connect:Amp (£400) for your old speakers in the study, the Playbar (£600) for the TV, or the beefier Play:5 (£350) to drown out kitchen noise. It’ll hook up to a NAS drive, too (just move your iTunes or music library), and will support your hi-res FLAC files.
For the true ‘golden ears’ snob, the (4) Naim UnitiQute 2 (£1150, naimaudio.com) is the wireless music hub de rigueur. An all-inone with built-in Wi-Fi and an Ethernet port, it supports up to 32bit/192KHz streaming and its Party Mode can send music to up to five Naim network music players simultaneously (if you’re particularly rich, that is). Pair it with some KEF LS50s (£800, kef.com), connect to your NAS or just tune into the Naim Radio service for 320kbps internet radio. Whatever the source, the UnitiQute 2 will make it sing.
You want to stream music to a pair of old passive speakers
DREAM STREAMS Spotify isn’t the only streaming service out there – and these four rivals offer something a little different…
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Scenario #3
Wolfgang’s Vault
Stitcher
Bloom.fm
Aupeo!
A fine archive of vintage recordings available to stream in high quality via the web, iOS, Android and Sonos. Memberships start at US$4 per month.
Melding podcasts with radio, Stitcher suggests shows based on your tastes. Upgrade your grey matter with Radiolab and Freakonomics Radio.
If your setup is Airplayfriendly, use this app’s Discover tool to find new tunes. Subs start at £1 per month and there are 16million songs to peruse.
This Last.fm rival crafts personalised playlists based on your responses to tracks. BMW’s started building it into its in-car entertainment systems.
09.13 | PROJECTS
+
HOW TO... BUILD A HOMEBREW MUSIC STREAMER
THE HARDWARE
So buying a ready-made streaming setup doesn’t sound enough like work for you, eh? Fine then, clever clogs: get hands-on and build your own custom streaming tune-box
e
d
b
a c
f
THE SOFTWARE The Intel NUC lacks an optical drive, so those without an external DVD will need to install an OS via USB. Our choice is Windows 8 System Builder Edition (£70, quietpc.com).
To make this into a bootable flash drive, you need to download the Windows 7 USB/ DVD Download Tool (£free, microsoftstore. com), which will convert your disc into an ISO file to put on a USB stick. For media-playing duties, our pick is XBMC
(£free, xbmc.org), thanks to its plethora of tweaks and skins. There is an option in the latest 12.2 version (Frodo) to enable it to work with touchscreens, although usability can be further boosted by adding a skin called “re:Touched”. To get this in XBMC, go
to settings > Add-ons > Get add-ons > XBMC. org add-ons > Skin > Touched > Install.
The simple option would be to buy a pre-built small-formfactor PC such as the Lenovo Q190 (£380, lenovo.com). But those looking for a more challenging, bespoke project should go for a barebones PC case. We went for the Intel NUC DC3217BY (a, £255, intel.co.uk), which contains only a Core i3 processor and no storage, RAM or Wi-Fi card. On the plus side, this means you can configure it to your needs, while the low-power design means its CPU fan is very quiet and thus ideal for a streaming device. We wanted to keep our OS options open, so went for a Crucial M4 mSATA 64GB SSD drive (b, £65, crucial.com/uk). This is just about enough for Windows 8 and ample for Ubuntu. We also got two lots of 4GB SODIMM RAM (c, £34 each, crucial.com/uk) to keep things running smoothly. Underneath those in the lower mini PCIe slot sits an Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6235 (d, £13, intel.co.uk) for serving up both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. To help bridge the gap between our sound system and our homebrew streamer, we used a HRT microStreamer (e, £180, audiofreaks.co.uk). A talented digital-to-analogue converter, it sits neatly in one of the Intel NUC’s three USB ports. Finally, we added a means of controlling our new device. Although you’ll need a keyboard for the initial setup, we used the Lilliput UM1010/C/T (f, £165, lilliputdirect.com) touchscreen to act as our new streamer’s front-end. It’s powered by USB and comes with a built-in stand for easy screen-prodding. TOTAL: £746 + £70 software
NEXT MONTH BUILD THE BEST VIDEO STREAMING SETUP
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PROJECTS | 09.13
G A D G E T D O C T O R
ALWAYS ON CALL facebook.com/joinstuff @stuffTV ●
google.com/+stufftv ●
[email protected]
MAIL OF THE MONTH Q
LANGUAGE BARRIER
I’m Peruvian and struggle to communicate with the English people I work with because of my accent. I understand English perfectly well but my tongue is not trained in the way of English vowel sounds. I remember watching science fiction TV shows growing up, which often featured
computerised voice translators for aliens. Frankly, I could do with one. Does such a thing exist? Pedro Juan-Bancos Gringos The closest we’ve got at the moment is probably Google Translate, which is available as a free app for iOS and Android phones. Just speak or type the phrase you want to translate into
A
the phone and it’ll convert it for you and read it out loud. If you’ve used any voice recognition tech before, you’ll know it doesn’t quite deliver on the sci-fi dream just yet, but it’s probably closer than robot butlers (see p48). Still, while you wait for the tech to catch up, have a Roku 2 XS media streamer – it’ll work no matter what language you speak.
Speak your brains at us and you could win a Roku 2 XS streamer worth £100
Q
WETOGRAPHY
I’m after a camera that’ll work 30m underwater but also do a job above sea level. It needs to shoot HD video and cope with mountaineering, plus less adventurous stuff like weddings. I’d like to see what I’m shooting but I’ve got an iPhone 5 at a push. Can I get all that for £350? Richard McQuillan Most waterproof compacts start leaking at about 20m, so without spending a fortune you’re limited to a GoPro. The Silver edition (£280, gopro.com) comes with an 11MP sensor for stills, plus its casing will survive plunges of up to 60m. You could also attach it to your boutonnière at the nuptials and use the iOS app as a viewfinder. It’d be the gnarliest wedding ever.
A
Q
FEAST OF MIND
I read in the news recently that a thought-controlled helicopter had successfully negotiated an obstacle course under the power of its master’s mind. Does this mean that in years to come we’ll be able to turn the oven on just by thinking about a Sunday roast? Martin Brody Simple mind control has been possible for a while, Brodders. Remember the Mindflex toys that allowed you to lift a ball into the air just by concentrating? Well, Samsung is also working on a tablet that responds to brainwaves. At the moment both require headsets with electrodes to work, so don’t expect to be boiling the kettle with your grey matter just yet.
A
Q
THE SAND OF MUSIC
I recently bought myself a cheap portable speaker, but when I took it to the beach the sand sparked a spontaneous combustion. Can you help me find a replacement? I need a relatively cheap Bluetooth speaker that can withstand
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the sands of time (and maybe some water). Elis Owen We’re rather taken with the UE Boom (£170, ultimateears.com), a flask-sized Bluetooth speaker designed to shrug off the bumps and scrapes of beach life. It’s water resistant, too, although our favourite feature is the way you can link two together to create a stereo pair or an ad hoc multiroom system.
cope just fine downloading Google Maps, you might want to try CoPilot Live Premium (copilotlive. co.uk), which stores the maps on your phone. UK and Ireland cartography is just £20 and it’s available for Android and iOS.
A
Q
LOSE YOURSELF
Smartphones come with maps that work over 3G, but once you get to the countryside, where there’s no data signal, those maps become useless. Is it the case that we all still need to own a sat-nav or will smartphones be upgraded to overcome this problem? Thomas Whitby You raise a valid point, Whitters, but it’s not a new one. It’s always been a toss-up between locally stored and online maps. While city dwellers like us
A
Q
JONGO BOOGIE
I currently have a Denon amp and Celestion speakers. What I want is a small speaker outside, one upstairs and to add Wi-Fi to the amp to play podcasts and music from the iPad. Is that possible and, if so, how can it be done? Clinton Waters It is indeed possible, Clint, thanks to the new Pure Jongo range. Stick an S3 unit (£170) upstairs and another outside, then hook up an A2 (£100) to your amp and hey presto: multiroom fun awaits. The S3 isn’t weatherproof, but it’s battery-powered and portable enough that you can just take it outside when the sun’s shining.
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09.13 | PROJECTS
HOW TO... TURN YOUR PHOTOS INTO WOOD PRINTS Your plasticky digital photo frame has gone to the big charity shop in the sky and your photos now live in a NAS retirement home. Here’s a (somewhat) quick, trendy way to get them back out into the open…
Method 1 Get your hands messy… Ingredients O A colour laser printer OWood O Sandpaper, various grades O Winsor & Newton Artists’ Acrylic Matt Gel (£12 for 237ml, shop.winsornewton.com) O Mod Podge Matt (£3 for 236ml, curtisward.com) O Plastic filler spreader (or an old credit card) O Sponge brush 01 First, decide on your photo. The end product lends itself to a weathered, vintage design. Kind of like Instagram but real. If you want your wooden wonders to be of a decent size, then your photo will need to print out at 300dpi at your chosen size of wood. 02 Laser-print your image. Don’t have a colour laser printer? Get it done at a photo shop. And you’d best print a few in case of mistakes. But, take heed! Your wood print will be reversed, so flip the image if it has any text. 03 Get some wood. Light-hued, untreated wood is best. Bust up a crate, order it online or, as we did, make a burly timber merchant laugh by asking for a few bits of ‘A4-sized’ wood. Embarrassing.
04 Examine your wood. No jokes, you! Are there distinctive marks that could work with (or obscure) your image? Using fine-grit sandpaper, give the wood a once over – with the grain – to get rid of surface marks, burrs, etc. And remember to whistle a merry tune – you’re being creative. 05 Now get serious. Using the sponge brush, apply a healthy layer of the acrylic gel to the wood. Too little gel, and the image won’t transfer. Carefully lay your printed image face down on the gel, then smooth it out with a plastic spreader or an old credit card. Resume whistling, and leave the wood overnight to dry. 06 Time for the messy bit. The aim is to rub off the paper, leaving behind a be-wooded image. Soak the paper with a sponge, then go at it with your fingers, edges first. Take your time – it’s easy to rub straight through to bare wood: from ‘vintage’ to ‘rubbish’ in an over-excited heartbeat.
Method 2 The hands-off way to wood-itise your photos… 01 Outsource the work. Getting someone else to do it is a good way to avoid glue-tastrophes, but does have its own pitfalls. Techniques vary, so study each service’s process carefully. For example, Jessop’s ‘wooden photo panel’ (£21, photo.jessops.com) is actually a wooden block with a glossy print area for your snap. 02 Get an extra-durable print. Prints on Wood prints your snaps on to plywood, drying it using UV light (from US$25, printsonwood. com). Photo-transfer services can also be found on online craft stores such as Etsy.com, while InstaThis (instathis.com) lets you fling photos from Instagram on to either acrylic or birch.
07 Get tweaky. Use sandpaper to feather the edges of your image and bevel the edges of the wood. You could experiment with coloured wood stain to create a vignette effect. Happy? A few neatly brushed coats of Mod Podge will seal the image and give it a slick, finished look.
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09.13 | PROJECTS 5-MINUTE HACKS
IF NOTHING ELSE, AT LEAST...
…ANALOGUE UP YOUR DSLR SNAPS
…SORT OUT YOUR PASSWORDS
Instagram filters are fine for quick and dirty smartphone editing, but these presets will give your DSLR holiday snaps a quick hint of analogue warmth:
Was that zero an “O”? Or maybe it started with a capital “H”? Avoid password brain-knots – and keep your security in order – with these anti-hacker hacks:
O Go to Lite.ly and download the pack of 12 presets (US$52) that suit your chosen editing software. Lightroom, Photoshop, Aperture and Adobe Camera Raw are all supported.
O Get a password manager so you can have a master password. We like LastPass (lastpass.com), but RoboForm (roboform.com) and 1Password (agilebits.com/ onepassword) are also good.
O Unzip and extract the presets. Depending on your chosen software, either go to the Presets or Actions Palette folder and import the Litely file.
O Use special characters as well as numbers and capitals. Base your word on a memorable phrase such as “I own two fat cats”: Iown2f@c@z!.
O Drag a snap into your editing software and go to the Develop module (Lightroom), adjustment layers (Photoshop) or your software’s equivalent. Now start playing with your new presets.
O Test the strength of your master password (or variant of) at howsecureismypassword.net. According to the site, the word in step 2 would take a PC 4000 years to crack. In your face, NSA.
2
1
3
…SET UP YOUR NEW BIKE For a proper bike-fitting session, our go-to is Specialized and its Body Geometry FIT service (specialized.com). Technician Mark Murphy gives us a few tips for setting up your new steed: O Use Size My Bike (from £3, iOS/Android) for a rough fit. Note the saddle height, reach (saddle front to centre of stem) and drop (saddle top to handlebars). O Get a friend to take a sideon photo of your riding position. Your elbows should bend slightly, and with clipless pedals, ensure the cleats centre on your shoes. O Pay close attention to your body as you spend more time on your bike . Listen for aches, pains or feelings of asymmetry or imbalance. If you feel any of these, you need a bike fitting.
TUNE IN NEXT MONTH FOR... O The Stuff Home Project: How to stream video around your house O Master the art of street photography O Upgrade your live music setup
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]řňǙ yųÓƌĪ ĐȢʷɫˍƆ LJȢʙ ʙȢ ƨƆƆǵ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ĎɀƆɮǣĢ Ě ƚ ǰʷɷʙ Ģ ƨƆˎ ȉȢȐʙǘɷ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ LJĢȉƆ ĢȐŭ ǣʙɫɷ ĻƆƆȐ ŭƆȉȢʙƆŭ ʙˎǣŊƆɑ ÑʙǣǵǵŞ ˎǘǣǵƆ ǣʙ ȐĢɮɮȢˎǵ˔ ǵȢɷƆɷ Ȣʷʙ ʙȢ ĻȢʙǘ ÑĢȉɷʷȐLJ ĢȐŭ hÝ ɫɷ ĻǣLJ LJʷȐɷŞ ÑȢȐ˔ɫɷ ˎĢʙƆɮǝɮƆɷǣɷʙĢȐʙ ƨǵĢLJɷǘǣɀ ɮƆȉĢǣȐɷ Ģ LJȢɮLJƆȢʷɷǵ˔ ȉȢȐȢǵǣʙǘǣŊ ɷǵĢĻ Ȣƨ Ģ ɀǘȢȐƆɑ
(řřďĹÓ FÓǘdžƓ Ć ¨ʷɮ ŊǘĢȉɀǣȢȐ ɪĻʷŭLJƆʙ ɷȉĢɮʙɀǘȢȐƆɫ ɮƆɀɮƆɷƆȐʙɷ ĢɷʙȢȐǣɷǘǣȐLJ ˍĢǵʷƆś ǣʙ ɮʷȐɷ ˍĢȐǣǵǵĢ Ɔǵǵ˔ ƆĢȐŞ ɀĢŊDzɷ Ģ ǵȢˍƆǵ˔ ʞʭˤɀɀǣ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ĢȐŭ ǣɷ LJƆʙʙǣȐLJ ȉȢɮƆ ĢŊŊƆɷɷȢɮǣƆɷ ʙǘĢȐ ĢǵȉȢɷʙ ĢȐ˔ ȢʙǘƆɮ ȐŭɮȢǣŭ ɷȉĢɮʙɀǘȢȐƆɑ ¨Ȑǵ˔ ǣʙɷ ǵĢŊDz Ȣƨ ʷɀLJɮĢŭƆĢĻǵƆ ɷʙȢɮĢLJƆ ŊȢʷȐʙɷ ĢLJĢǣȐɷʙ ǣʙɑ
ųųĹÓ ĪWĤřňÓ ü Ȣ ǵȢȐLJƆɮ ŊĢȐ ˎƆ LJɮǣɀƆ ĢĻȢʷʙ ǣ¨Ñ ǵȢȢDzǣȐLJ ŭĢʙƆŭɑ ĄƆǵǵŞ ˎƆ ŊĢȐ ʷȐʙǣǵ ǣ¨Ñ ʁɫɷ ǵĢʷȐŊǘ ʙǘǣɷ ĢʷʙʷȉȐɑ ĄƆ ǵǣDzƆ ˎǘĢʙ ˎƆɫˍƆ ɷƆƆȐ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ȐƆˎ ¨Ñ ɷȢ ƨĢɮŞ Ļʷʙ ƆˍƆȐ ˎǣʙǘȢʷʙ ǣʙ ʙǘƆ ǣÃǘȢȐƆ ư ǣɷ ˎȢɮʙǘ ŊȢȐɷǣŭƆɮǣȐLJŞ ˎǣʙǘ ʙǘƆ ĻƆɷʙ ĢɀɀɷŞ ʙǘƆ ɷʷĻʙǵƆɷʙ ŭƆɷǣLJȐ ĢȐŭ ɷȉȢȢʙǘ ȢɀƆɮĢʙǣȢȐɑ
]ŃƓdžňď (ĹǘǙ FřƯÓ 00 pʙɷ ưɑưǣȐ ʁʭˤɀ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ȉǣLJǘʙ ĻƆ ʙȢȢ ȉʷŊǘ ƨȢɮ ȉȢɷʙ Ȣƨ ʷɷ ʙȢ LJƆʙ ʙȢ LJɮǣɀɷ ˎǣʙǘ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆ ȢʙƆ ppɫɷ ɷʷɀɮƆȉƆ ɀȢˎƆɮŞ ǘĢȐŭ˔ Ñ ÃƆȐ ɷʙ˔ǵʷɷ ĢȐŭ ƨƆĢʙʷɮƆɷ ɷʷŊǘ Ģɷ ÃȢɀʷɀ ɮȢˎɷƆɮ ĢȐŭ ʷǵʙǣɷŊɮƆƆȐ ĢɮƆ ɀɮƆʙʙ˔ ʷɷƆƨʷǵɑ ÝǘƆ Ƽ\ǝɮƆĢŭ˔ ʁȬˤư ȉȢŭƆǵ ŊȢɷʙɷ ɮȢʷLJǘǵ˔ ʖƼˤˤɑ
FřĶĪ ?džŃĪ Ŏƿü Ýǘǣɷ ɷǵǣȉȉƆŭǝŭȢˎȐ ʷȉǣĢ ǘĢɷ Ģ ɀɮƆȉǣʷȉ ȉƆʙĢǵ ĻʷǣǵŭŞ Ɔ˓ŊƆǵǵƆȐʙ ƼɑưǣȐ ȬʭƎˤ˓ʁʋƎ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ĢȐŭ ȢȐƆ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ɷȉĢɮʙƆɷʙ ŊĢȉƆɮĢɷ ĢɮȢʷȐŭɑ ÝǘƆ LJĢɀɷ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ĄǣȐŭȢˎɷ ÃǘȢȐƆ Ǝ ŊĢʙĢǵȢLJʷƆ ĢɮƆ ĻƆǣȐLJ ƨǣǵǵƆŭ ȐǣŊƆǵ˔ ʙȢȢŞ ɷȢ ȉƆĢɷǵ˔ ɷʙȢɮĢLJƆ ɷɀĢŊƆ ǣɷ ǣʙɷ ȉĢǣȐ ŭɮĢˎĻĢŊDzɑ
ŵĶÓƌƌǙ XţǤ ÝǘƆ ÅȬˤ ǣɷ ʙǘƆ ǵĢŊDzƆɮɮ˔ ʙǘƆ ÅĄ@ÇÝĐ ƨĢǣʙǘƨʷǵ ǘĢˍƆ ĻƆƆȐ ˎĢǣʙǣȐLJ ƨȢɮɑ pʙɷ ŊȢȉĻǣȐĢʙǣȢȐ Ȣƨ LJɮƆĢʙ ǵǣʙʙǵƆ ɷŊɮƆƆȐŞ ǵȢˍƆǵ˔ ĻǣLJ DzƆ˔ĻȢĢɮŭ ĢȐŭ ǵȢʙɷ Ȣƨ LJɮʷȐʙ ȉĢDzƆɷ ǣʙ Ģ ɀɮȢŭʷŊʙǣˍǣʙ˔ ɀȢˎƆɮǘȢʷɷƆɑ ÝǘƆ ȐƆˎ Åư ǣɷ ŊǘƆĢɀƆɮ ɂʖʞʞˤɈ Ļʷʙ ĢǵɷȢ ɀǵĢɷʙǣŊDz˔ ĢȐŭ ʷȐŭƆɮɀȢˎƆɮƆŭɑ
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ŃǠřň =ĪňÆĹÓ WųÓƌǓĤĪƯÓ
ÝǘƆ ÃĢɀƆɮˎǘǣʙƆɫɷ ʋǣȐ ʙȢʷŊǘɷŊɮƆƆȐ ǘĢɷ ʋʭɏ ȉȢɮƆ ɀǣ˓Ɔǵɷ ʙǘĢȐ ǣʙɷ ɀɮƆŭƆŊƆɷɷȢɮŞ LJǣˍǣȐLJ ǣʙ ɀǣȐǝɷǘĢɮɀ ʙƆ˓ʙŞ Ļʷʙ Ģǵǵ ˔Ȣʷɫǵǵ ŊĢɮƆ ĢĻȢʷʙ ǣɷ ʙǘƆ ĻʷǣǵʙǝǣȐ ĻĢŊDzǵǣLJǘʙɑ pʙɫɷ Ģ LJȢŭɷƆȐŭ ƨȢɮ ȐǣLJǘʙǝʙǣȉƆ ɮƆĢŭǣȐLJŞ ĢȐŭ ƆˍƆȐ ǣȐ ɷʷȐɷǘǣȐƆ ʙǘƆ ĢǵˎĢ˔ɷǝȢȐ ǵǣLJǘʙ ȉĢDzƆɷ ʙƆ˓ʙ ɷǘĢɮɀƆɮ ĢȐŭ ɪɀĢLJƆɷɫ ˎǘǣʙƆɮ ʙǘĢȐ ƆˍƆɮɑ Ąǣʙǘ Ģ ɷȢǵǣŭ ĻʷǣǵŭŞ LJɮǣɀɀ˔ ɮʷĻĻƆɮ ƨǣȐǣɷǘ ĢȐŭ ɀǵƆȐʙ˔ Ȣƨ ƨȢȐʙɷŞ ˔Ȣʷɫǵǵ ˎȢȐŭƆɮ ǘȢˎ ˔Ȣʷ ƆˍƆɮ ǵǣˍƆŭ ˎǣʙǘȢʷʙ ǣʙɑ Ãǵʷɷ ȉĢˠȢȐɫɷ ƆŊȢɷ˔ɷʙƆȉ ɷʙǣǵǵ ɮʷǵƆɷ ɷʷɀɮƆȉƆɑ ZƆƆǵǣȐLJ ɷDzǣȐʙɡ ÝǘƆ ȐȢȐǝʙȢʷŊǘ ǣȐŭǵƆ ǣɷ ǰʷɷʙ ʖʁˤɑ
WÓ¤¤ĹÓ ÝǘƆ ĢLJƆ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ɷȉĢɮʙˎĢʙŊǘ ĻƆLJǣȐɷ ˎǣʙǘ ʙǘƆ ǣŊDzɷʙĢɮʙƆɮǝƨʷȐŭƆŭ ÃƆĻĻǵƆɑ pʙ ˎȢɮDzɷ ˎƆǵǵ Ģɷ Ģ ʙǣȉƆɀǣƆŊƆ ʙǘĢȐDzɷ ʙȢ Ģ Ŋɮǣɷɀ ȉȢȐȢ 1 ĢȐŭ ŊʷɷʙȢȉǣɷĢĻǵƆ ƨĢŊƆɷŞ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆ ƨʷȐ ɮƆĢǵǵ˔ ɷʙĢɮʙɷ ˎǘƆȐ ˔Ȣʷ ɷ˔ȐŊ ˎǣʙǘ ˔Ȣʷɮ ǣÝǘǣȐLJ Ȣɮ ȐŭɮȢǣŭ ŭƆˍǣŊƆ ƨȢɮ ȐȢʙǣƨǣŊĢʙǣȢȐɷ ĢȐŭ Ģɀɀɷɑ
WƌƌřƯ YźƌřňÓ ƿźǤ ÝǘƆ ɷƆŊȢȐŭǝLJƆȐƆɮĢʙǣȢȐ Ȣƨ ʙǘǣɷ ĢɀɀǝŊȢȐʙɮȢǵǵƆŭ ɠʷĢŭɮǣŊȢɀʙƆɮ ĻȢĢɷʙɷ Ģ ʁʭˤɀ ŊĢȉƆɮĢŞ ƆĢɷǣƆɮ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵ ĢȐŭ ƚ ĻƆɷʙ Ȣƨ Ģǵǵ ƚ ʙǘƆ ĢĻǣǵǣʙ˔ ʙȢ ŭȢ ƨǵǣɀɷɑ ĐȢʷ ŭȢȐɫʙ ȐƆƆŭ ȢȐƆŞ Ļʷʙ ˔Ȣʷɫǵǵ ˎĢȐʙ ȢȐƆɑ ɮƆŊƆȐʙ ɀɮǣŊƆ ŭɮȢɀ ȉƆĢȐɷ ʙǘƆɮƆɫɷ ƆȐȢʷLJǘ ƨȢɮ Ģ ɷɀĢɮƆ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ ɂʖʞˤɈ ʙȢȢɑ
'ĪƯ¤ĪƯ 'ĹÓǘ ÝǘƆ ZǵƆ˓ ŭƆǵǣˍƆɮɷ Ģǵǵ Ȣƨ ZǣʙĻǣʙɫɷ ĢŊʙǣˍǣʙ˔ǝʙɮĢŊDzǣȐLJ ɷȉĢɮʙɷŞ Ļʷʙ ǣȐ Ģ ƨȢɮȉ ƨĢŊʙȢɮ ʙǘĢʙ ǣɷ ǵƆɷɷ ƨǣŭŭǵ˔ ʙǘĢȐ ǣʙɷ ĻƆǵʙǝŊǵǣɀ ŊȢʷȐʙƆɮɀĢɮʙɷɑ pʙɫɷ ɀĢŊDzƆŭ ˎǣʙǘ ǵʷƆʙȢȢʙǘŞ Z Ş ˍǣĻɮĢʙȢȉȢʙȢɮ ĢȐŭ Ģ ŭǣɷɀǵĢ˔ɑ ĢˎĻȢȐƆɫɷ ìɀ ǣɷ Ģ ǵǣʙʙǵƆ ɷȉĢɮʙƆɮ ĢȐŭ ȉȢɮƆ ɷʙ˔ǵǣɷǘŞ Ļʷʙ ɀɮǣŊǣƆɮ Ģʙ ʖȬˤˤɑ
]ǙňřĹřďǙ ]ƿţƿ; ĄƆɫǵǵ ĻƆ ʙƆɷʙǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ ȐƆˎ 1ÑʭȬʞ ɷȢȢȐɑ ƆĢȐˎǘǣǵƆŞ ʙǘƆ 1ÑʭȬʭ ɀƆɮɷǣɷʙɷś ɷǵȢʙ ǣȐ ʙˎȢ ǘĢɮŭ ŭɮǣˍƆɷ ɷȢ ˔Ȣʷ ŊĢȐ ĻĢŊDz ʷɀ ˔Ȣʷɮ ŭĢʙĢ ĢȐŭ ɷʙɮƆĢȉ ǣʙ ˍǣĢ 1 ʙȢ ÝĂɷŞ ŊȢȐɷȢǵƆɷŞ ʙĢĻǵƆʙɷ Ȣɮ ɀǘȢȐƆɷɑ pʙɫɷ ĢǵɷȢ Ģ ɀɮǣȐʙŞ ZÝÃŞ ȉĢǣǵ ĢȐŭ ǣÝʷȐƆɷ ɷƆɮˍƆɮŞ ˎǣʙǘ ǣ¨Ñ ĢȐŭ ȐŭɮȢǣŭ Ģɀɀɷɑ
=řƌď E]ĨƿǤ EĪňĪ pƨ ˔ȢʷɫɮƆ ǵȢȢDzǣȐLJ Ģʙ ʙǘǣɷ ĢȐŭ ʙǘǣȐDzǣȐLJ Ȣƨ Ģ ǵƆʙŊǘǵƆ˔ ÃĢɮDz ɷˎǣʙŊǘĻȢĢɮŭ ƚ ɨ ǘʷɮŊǘǣǵǵ ȢȐ ʙǘƆ ǵǣȐƆŞ Ñǣɮɩ ƚ ʙǘǣɷ ȉǣLJǘʙ ȐȢʙ ĻƆ ƨȢɮ ˔Ȣʷɑ pƨ ˔ȢʷɫɮƆ ʙǘǣȐDzǣȐLJŞ ɨĄǘ˔Ş ʙǘĢʙ ǵȢȢDzɷ ǵǣDzƆ Ģ ɮƆĻȢȢʙ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ȢɮǣLJǣȐĢǵ Ñǝʭˤ ɷ˔ȐʙǘŞ Ļʷʙ ˎǣʙǘ ǘĢȐŭ˔ ʞɑưȉȉ ǰĢŊDz ȉǣ˓ǣȐLJɩŞ ˔ȢʷɫɮƆ ǣȐɑ
]ÓňňĤÓĪƓÓƌ yƵƿǤ ÝǘƆɷƆ LJĢȉǣȐLJ ŊĢȐɷ ƚ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ȐȢǣɷƆǝŊĢȐŊƆǵǵǣȐLJ ȉǣŊŞ ĻĢɷɷ ĻȢȢɷʙ ĢȐŭ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷ ƨȢɮ ǣȐǝLJĢȉƆ ĢȐŭ ˍȢǣŊƆ ŊǘĢȐȐƆǵɷ ƚ ĢɮƆ ĢǣȉƆŭ Ģʙ ĎĻȢ˓ ʞʋˤ ʷɷƆɮɷɑ Ȣʙ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ĎĻȢ˓ ɀƆɮɷʷĢɷǣȢȐɡ ȢȢDz Ȣʷʙ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ì ʞʭˤɷŞ ˎǘǣŊǘ ˎǣǵǵ ɀǵĢ˔ ȐǣŊƆǵ˔ ˎǣʙǘ ˔Ȣʷɮ ÃÑʞŞ Ã ĢȐŭ ĢŊɑ
=cE EµĪň YµÓ ƿŎ ÝƆʷʙȢȐǣŊ ȉȢʙȢɮĻǣDzƆ ɷɀƆŊǣĢǵǣɷʙ Ý ɷƆɮˍƆɷ ʷɀ ĢȐ Ý ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ƨȢʷɮǝɷɀƆƆŭ ʭưˤĄ ȢɷŊǘ ȉȢʙȢɮ ʙǘĢʙ ɀɮȢˍǣŭƆɷ ʙȢɮɠʷƆ˔ ɀƆŭĢǵǵǣȐLJ ĢɷɷǣɷʙĢȐŊƆ ƨȢɮ ʷɀ ʙȢ ʁư ȉǣǵƆɷ ƚ ĢǵĻƆǣʙ ˎǣʙǘ ĢȐ ǣȐǣʙǣĢǵ ˎƆǣLJǘʙ ɀƆȐĢǵʙ˔ɑ ǣLJLJƆɮ ʭȕǣȐ ˎǘƆƆǵɷ ĢȐŭ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ ÑǘǣȉĢȐȢ Ļǣʙɷ DzƆƆɀ ʙǘǣȐLJɷ ɮȢǵǵǣȐLJɑ
hųì WĹdžƓ Ȣʙ ɷǣȐŊƆ ʙǘƆ ƆĢɮǵ˔ ŭĢ˔ɷ Ȣƨ ˍǣŭƆȢ ƆȐŊȢŭǣȐLJ ǘĢɷ Ģ Ñʙʷƨƨ ʙƆɷʙ ŊĢʷɷƆŭ ɷʷŊǘ ƆȉȢʙǣȢȐĢǵ ɮȢǵǵƆɮŊȢĢɷʙƆɮǣȐLJɑ ÝǘƆ ìɀƢ ǣɷ ʙǘƆ ǵƆĢɷʙ ƨɮʷɷʙɮĢʙǣȐLJ ƚ ĢȐŭ ǵƆĢɷʙ ŊȢȉȉƆɮŊǣĢǵ ƚ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ʞ1 ɀɮǣȐʙƆɮɷ ʙƆɷʙƆŭ ǣȐ ʙǘǣɷ ǣɷɷʷƆɑ ÝǘƆ ŊǘƆĢɀƆɷʙŞ ʙȢȢɑ Ȑŭ ˎǘƆȐ ǣʙ ˎȢɮDzɷŞ ǣʙɫɷ Ģ ȉĢɮˍƆǵɑ
=řdž¤µĤĪ tĪĨ'Ī WĹňƯ ]ÓňƓřƌ Ąǘ˔ ǘĢˍƆ ɮƆĢǵ ɀǵĢȐʙɷ ˎǘƆȐ ˔Ȣʷ ŊĢȐ ʞ1 ɀɮǣȐʙ ɷɀĢŊƆǝĢLJƆ ƨĢDzƆ ɀǵĢɷʙǣŊ ʙɮƆƆɷɡ ƆŊĢʷɷƆ ǣƨ ˔Ȣʷ ǘĢˍƆ ɮƆĢǵ ɀǵĢȐʙɷ ˔Ȣʷ ŊĢȐ ʷɷƆ ʙǘǣɷ ĄǣǝZǣǝŊȢȐȐƆŊʙƆŭ ʙǘǣȐLJʙƆɮȐƆʙ ŭƆˍǣŊƆ ʙȢ ȉȢȐǣʙȢɮ ʙǘƆǣɮ ˍǣʙĢǵɷ ĢȐŭ ɮƆǵĢ˔ ʙǘƆǣɮ ɀǘȢʙȢɷ˔ȐʙǘƆʙǣŊ ŭƆɷǣɮƆɷ ĻĢŊDz ʙȢ ˔Ȣʷɮ ǣ¨Ñ Ģɀɀɑ ÝǘĢʙɫɷ ˎǘ˔ɑ
]ch'' ]z] cĤÓ ¤ÓƓƯ ƓµƌÓÓň ƯĤÓ ¤ÓƓƯ Ó¤řřĶ ƓƯřƌÓ ňÆ ĹĪďĤƯ ƯĤƯ µřdžĹÆ µĤňďÓ ƌÓÆĪňď Ĥ¤ĪƯƓ æ =ĪňÆĹÓƉƓ ƓƯĪĹĹ řň Ưřų
ƭţţǤ +++++ ƭţǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ 'hchY0]c0 c0E=W0F(
ƭƿƣǤ +++++
_e (L[ tFF W0?Kc]
ƭÛǤ +++++
_e (L[ cY=0F( zKhY ?0'
ƭţƣǤ +++++
_e (L[ Eh?c0E0 'hFc0KF]
ƭüǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ YcYK YsY]
ƭüü +++++
_e (L[ (EtKY? 0EEY]0KF
ƭƿĆǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ z?0F( t0cWKtY
ƭţƿǤǤ ++++,
_e (L[ Y?z KWcY]
ïƌřŃ %ŎǤ ++++,
_e (L[ 0(0c? 0EEK=]
'KY c- 'h?? Ys0t] K' ?? c- (Y Ks YKt] zKhY tz cK tttź]ch''źcsƫYs0t]
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ųųĹÓ ĪWÆ
ÝǘƆ ƼʙǘǝLJƆȐ ǣÃĢŭ ɷʙǣǵǵ ɷʙĢȐŭɷ ĢĻȢˍƆ Ģǵǵ ʙĢĻǵƆʙɷŞ ˎǣʙǘ ĢȐ ĢȉĢˠǣȐLJ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ʙǘĢʙ ɮƆȐŭƆɮɷ ƆˍƆɮ˔ʙǘǣȐLJ ǣȐ LJǵȢɮǣȢʷɷ ʭˤƼƎ˓Ȭưʞʋ ȢȐ ǣʙɷ ȕɑʁǣȐ ÇƆʙǣȐĢ ŭǣɷɀǵĢ˔ɑ ÃǘȢʙȢɷŞ LJĢȉƆɷ ĢȐŭ ȉȢˍǣƆɷ ǵȢȢDz ǣȐŊɮƆŭǣĻǵƆ ĢȐŭ ʙƆ˓ʙ ǣɷ ƆLJLJɷǘƆǵǵǝɷȉȢȢʙǘɑ ÝǘƆ ʋĎ Ŋǘǣɀɫɷ ɠʷĢŭǝŊȢɮƆ LJɮĢɀǘǣŊɷ ĢȐŭ ʙǘƆ Ý@ ĻɮȢˎɷǣȐLJ ɷɀƆƆŭɷ ɂ@@ ȢȐǵ˔Ɉ ȉĢDzƆ ǣʙ ɷǵǣŊDzƆɮ ĢȐŭ ȉȢɮƆ ʷɷƆɮǝƨɮǣƆȐŭǵ˔ ʙǘĢȐ ƆˍƆɮŞ ˎǘǣǵƆ ʙǘƆ ɮǣŊǘƆɷ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ɀɀ ÑʙȢɮƆ ȉƆĢȐ ǣʙɫɷ ɷʙǣǵǵ ʙǘƆ ȉȢɷʙ ƨʷȐŞ ʙȢȢɑ ÝǘĢʙ ɷĢǣŭŞ ʙǘƆ ĢʷʙʷȉȐ ĢɮɮǣˍĢǵ Ȣƨ ǣ¨Ñ ʁ ŊĢȐɫʙ ŊȢȉƆ ɠʷǣŊDz ƆȐȢʷLJǘɑ
ƓdžƓ 'řňÓWÆ Ñǘʷʙ ʙǘƆ ƨɮȢȐʙ ŭȢȢɮƢ ĄǘƆɮƆɫɷ ʙǘƆ Ɔ˓ʷɷ ʁ LJȢȐƆɡ ZǣŊDzǵƆ Ģɷ ƆˍƆɮŞ ˎƆɫˍƆ ŭƆŊǣŭƆŭ ˎƆ ǵǣDzƆ ʙǘǣɷ 1ǝɷǘĢɮǣȐLJ ZȢȐƆÃĢŭ ȉȢɮƆɑ ÑĢȉƆ ɷǣˠƆ ĢȐŭ ʁǣȐ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ Ģɷ ʙǘƆ Ɔ˓ʷɷŞ Ļʷʙ ŊȢȉƆɷ ˎǣʙǘ pȐʙƆǵ ǣȐɷǣŭƆŞ ʞ\ ĢȐŭ Ģ ȉǣŊɮȢÑ1 ɷǵȢʙ ƨȢɮ ǰʷɷʙ ʖʭˤ ȉȢɮƆɑ Ȣʙ Ģɷ ŊǵĢɷɷ˔Ş ȉǣȐŭ ˔Ȣʷɑ
ųųĹÓ ĪWÆ EĪňĪ
řÓƓ ÓǒÓƌǙƯĤĪňď ƯĤÓ ĪWÆ ĤƓ ÓǒÓƌ ÆřňÓÂ ¤džƯ ňřǓ ĪƯƉƓ ƯǓĪµÓ Ɠ ïƓƯ ňÆ ïřdžƌ ƯĪŃÓƓ Ɠ ųƌÓƯƯǙź ŃǠĪňď
ïƌřŃ ƭƵÛü +++++ ƭţÛǤ +++++
ɷʙʷȐȐǣȐLJ ƨǣȐǣɷǘ ȉĢDzƆɷ ʙǘǣɷ ʙǘƆ ɀɮƆʙʙǣƆɷʙ ɀɀǵƆ ʙĢĻǵƆʙ ˔Ɔʙɑ ÝǘƆ ʁɑȕǣȐ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ɷǘĢɮƆɷ ʙǘƆ ǣÃĢŭ ʭɫɷ ȬˤʭƼ˓ʁʋƎ ɮƆɷŞ Ļʷʙ ǣʙɫɷ ȐȢʙ Ģɷ Ŋɮǣɷɀ Ģɷ ʙǘƆ Ɔ˓ʷɷ ʁ Ȣɮ ǣȐŭǵƆ ZǣɮƆ h1ɑ \ɮƆĢʙ Ģɀɀɷ ȢƨƨɷƆʙ ʙǘĢʙ ǵȢɷɷ ƚ Ļʷʙ Ģʙ ʖȕˤ ȉȢɮƆ ʙǘĢȐ ʙǘƆ ZȢȐƆÃĢŭŞ ǣʙɫɷ ǘĢɮŭ ʙȢ ɮƆŊȢȉȉƆȐŭ ʙȢ Ģǵǵɑ
ïƌřŃ ƭƿƜǤ +++++
ƓdžƓ cƌňƓïřƌŃÓƌ WÆ 0ňïĪňĪƯǙ
ƭüüǤ
1ȢȐɫʙ ʷȐŭƆɮƆɷʙǣȉĢʙƆ ʙǘƆ DzƆ˔ĻȢĢɮŭ ŭȢŊDzɑ ÝǘƆ pȐƨǣȐǣʙ˔ ʷɷƆɷ ǣʙ ȐȢʙ ǰʷɷʙ ƨȢɮ ǣʙɷ ʙɮĢŊDzɀĢŭ ĢȐŭ DzƆ˔ɷŞ Ļʷʙ ĢǵɷȢ ƨȢɮ ŊȢȐȐƆŊʙǣȢȐɷ ĢȐŭ Ɔ˓ʙɮĢ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ ǵǣƨƆɑ ǵȢȐLJ ˎǣʙǘ ɠʷĢŭǝŊȢɮƆ ɀȢˎƆɮŞ ǣʙ ȉĢDzƆɷ ʙǘǣɷ ƨʷǵǵǝh1ǝɷŊɮƆƆȐƆɮ Ģ ȐƆʙĻȢȢDz ĻƆĢʙƆɮɑ ÝǘƆ ʖƼƎư ÃɮǣȉƆ ǣɷ ĢǵɷȢ Ɔ˓ŊƆǵǵƆȐʙɑ
(řřďĹÓ FÓǘdžƓ ţǤ pʙ ŭȢƆɷȐɫʙ ƨƆƆǵ ɠʷǣʙƆ Ģɷ ɀɮƆȉǣʷȉ Ģɷ ʙǘƆ ǣÃĢŭŞ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆ Ɔ˓ʷɷ Ȭˤɫɷ ʭưʋˤ˓ȬʋˤˤŞ ʞˤˤɀɀǣ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ǣɷ ʙǘƆ ɷǘĢɮɀƆɷʙ ˎƆɫˍƆ ɷƆƆȐ ȢȐ ĢȐ ȐŭɮȢǣŭ ʙĢĻǵƆʙɑ Ąǣʙǘ Ģ ŭʷĢǵǝŊȢɮƆ Ȭɑʁ\hˠ ŊǘǣɀŞ ɷȢǵǣŭ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ ǵǣƨƆ ĢȐŭ ɷɀƆƆŭ˔ p¨ ĄǣǝZǣŞ ʙǘǣɷ Ɔǵǵ˔ ƆĢȐ ɷǵĢʙƆ ǣɷ Ģ ɷȢǵǣŭ ŊȢȐʙƆȐŭƆɮɑ
?Óňřǒř cĤĪňĶWÆ c¤ĹÓƯ ƿ ĐȢʷɫɮƆ Ģ ǘǣLJǘ ƨǵ˔Ɔɮɑ ĐȢʷ ǘĢˍƆ ˎȢɮDz ʙȢ ŭȢ ĢȐŭ ȐƆǣʙǘƆɮ ǣ¨Ñ Ȣɮ ȐŭɮȢǣŭ ǘĢɷ ʙǘƆ ȢȢȉɀǘɑ ĐȢʷ ȐƆƆŭ ʙǘƆ ĄǣȐŭȢˎɷ Ǝ ÃɮȢǝɮʷȐȐǣȐLJ ÝĢĻǵƆʙ ʭɑ pʙ ǵĢɷʙɷ Ģǵǵ ŭĢ˔Ş ǣɷ ɀȢˎƆɮƨʷǵ ƆȐȢʷLJǘ ƨȢɮ ƨʷǵǵǝƨĢʙ ŭƆɷDzʙȢɀ ɷȢƨʙˎĢɮƆ ĢȐŭ ˎǣʙǘ ʙǘƆ ʖƎˤ DzƆ˔ĻȢĢɮŭ ŭȢŊDz ǣʙɫɷ ĢȐ ʷǵʙɮĢɀȢɮʙĢĻǵƆ ǵĢɀʙȢɀɑ
]ŃƓdžňď (ĹǘǙ FřƯÓ ÛźǤ ĄǘƆʙǘƆɮ ˔Ȣʷ ʙǘǣȐDz ǣʙ Ģ ĻǣLJLJƆɮǣɷƆŭ ȢʙƆ pp Ȣɮ Ģ ɷǘɮǣȐDzǣƨǣƆŭ ȢʙƆ ȬˤɑȬ ƚ ĢȐŭ ˎǣʙǘ ɀǘȢȐƆ ƨʷȐŊʙǣȢȐĢǵǣʙ˔Ş ǣʙɫɷ ȉȢɮƆ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ƨȢɮȉƆɮ ƚ ʙǘƆ ȢʙƆ Ǝɑˤ ǣɷ Ģ ɀƆŊʷǵǣĢɮ LJĢŭLJƆʙɑ ÃɮǣŊǣƆɮ ʙǘĢȐ ĢȐ ǣÃĢŭ ǣȐǣ ǣȐ ĻȢʙǘ ĄǣǝZǣ ĢȐŭ ʞ\ ȉȢŭƆǵɷŞ ˔Ɔʙ ǘĢɷ ʙǘĢʙ ǘĢȐŭ˔ ɀƆȐ ǣȐɀʷʙɑ ȉĢɮȉǣʙƆ ʙĢĻɑ
]řňǙ yųÓƌĪ c¤ĹÓƯ ÑȢȐ˔ ǰʷɷʙ ɮƆƨʷɷƆɷ ʙȢ ɀǵĢ˔ Ļ˔ ʙǘƆ ɮʷǵƆɷɑ ÑʙɮƆʙŊǘǣȐLJ ǣʙɷ ɷʙ˔ǵǣɷǘ ĎɀƆɮǣĢ Ě ɷȉĢɮʙɀǘȢȐƆ Ȣʷʙ ʙȢ ȬˤǣȐ ɷǘȢʷǵŭ ǘĢˍƆ ȉĢŭƆ ǣʙ ʙǘǣŊDzƆɮŞ Ļʷʙ ǣʙ ǘĢɷȐɫʙʀ ǵƆɷɷ Ŋɮǣɷɀǵ˔ ɷŊɮƆƆȐƆŭŞ Ļʷʙ ǣʙ ǣɷȐɫʙʀ ĢȐŭ ȐȢʙ ˎĢʙƆɮɀɮȢȢƨŞ Ļʷʙ ǣʙ ǣɷɑ ÝǘƆ ɀɮǣŊƆ ƨȢɮ ʙǘǣɷ Ɔ˓ʙɮƆȉƆ ƆȐLJǣȐƆƆɮǣȐLJŞ ǘȢˎƆˍƆɮŞ ǣɷ ǘǣLJǘɑ
EĪµƌřƓřïƯ ]džƌïµÓ Wƌř 1ƆɷɀǣʙƆ Ȣʷɮ ɷȐǣƨƨ˔ ɮƆˍǣƆˎ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ÑʷɮƨĢŊƆ ÇÝŞ ˎƆ ǵǣDzƆŭ ǣʙɷ ɷʙ˔ǵƆɑ ÝǘƆ ÃɮȢ ǣɷ ǘƆˎȐ ƨɮȢȉ ʙǘƆ ɷĢȉƆ ŊǵĢ˔Ş Ļʷʙ ˎǣʙǘ ȉȢɮƆ ɀȢˎƆɮƨʷǵ LJǣˠˠĢɮŭɷ ĢȐŭ ɪɀɮȢɀƆɮɫ ĄǣȐ Ǝɑ ÝǘƆ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ǣɷ ĢŊƆŞ ʙǘƆ DzƆ˔ĻȢĢɮŭ ŊȢˍƆɮɷ ʷɷƆƨʷǵʀ ȢȐǵ˔ ɀȢȢɮ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ ǵǣƨƆ ĻɮǣȐLJɷ ȢȐ Ȣʷɮ ɷȐǣƨƨǵƆɷ ĢLJĢǣȐɑ
ŃǠřň =ĪňÆĹÓ 'ĪƌÓ - ZȢɮLJƆʙʙǣȐLJ ʙǘĢʙ ĻǣLJ ĻƆˠƆǵŞ ʙǘƆ ZǣɮƆ h1ɫɷ ʁǣȐŞ ȬʭƎˤ˓Ǝˤˤ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ɀĢŊDzɷ Ģ ɀʷȐŊǘɑ pʙɫɷ ĢǵɷȢ ƨĢɷʙ ĢȐŭ ǘĢɷ LJɮƆĢʙ ɷɀƆĢDzƆɮɷŞ ȉĢDzǣȐLJ ǣʙ Ģ LJɮƆĢʙ ʙĢĻǵƆʙ ƨȢɮ ƨǣǵȉɷŞ ƆĻȢȢDzɷ ĢȐŭ ȉƆŭǣĢ ŊȢȐɷʷȉɀʙǣȢȐŞ ɷȢ ǵȢȐLJ Ģɷ ˔Ȣʷ ŭȢȐɫʙ ȉǣȐŭ ʙǘƆ ǵĢŊDz Ȣƨ Ģɀɀɷ ĢȐŭ ŊǵȢɷƆŭ ȉĢˠȢȐ ƆŊȢɷ˔ɷʙƆȉɑ
_e (L[ s?h F WY'KYEF
ŵǓƪĶÓǙ¤řƌÆ ÆřµĶŷ
+++++ ïƌřŃ ƭƵƵü +++++
_e (L[ EKs0ĩ'0F FYK0 'F]
ïƌřŃ ƭĆüü ++++,
_e (L[ ]=cKW sY]c0?0cz
ïƌřŃ ƭƵƵǤ ++++, ƭĆǤǤ ++++,
_e (L[ c-ĩ] c?c 'hF
ïƌřŃ ƭƜƿǤ ++++, ïƌřŃ ƭţĆǤ ++++,
_e (L[ KFĩc-ĩ(K h]0F]]
'KY c- 'h?? Ys0t] F KhY c?c hz0F( (h0Â s0]0c tttź]ch''źcsƫcKWĩţǤ]ƫc?c]
]ch'' W0= Ft ?hĩYz
ÝǘƆ hȢɷʙ
ZɮȢȉ ÝˎǣǵǣLJǘʙ ˎɮǣʙƆɮ ÑʙƆɀǘĢȐǣƆ Ɔ˔Ɔɮ ŊȢȉƆɷ ĢȐȢʙǘƆɮ ĢĻɷʷɮŭ ƨĢȐʙĢɷ˔ ɮȢȉĢȐŊƆ ǵĢŭƆȐ ˎǣʙǘ ʷȐǣȐʙƆȐʙǣȢȐĢǵǵ˔ ǘǣǵĢɮǣȢʷɷ ŭǣɮƆǝǵȢLJʷƆɑ ¨ʷʙ LJȢ ʙǘƆ ˍĢȉɀǣɮƆɷŞ ˎƆɮƆˎȢǵˍƆɷ ĢȐŭ ɷǘǣɮʙǵƆɷɷ ʙˎƆƆȐ ǘƆĢɮʙʙǘɮȢĻɷʀ ǣȐ ŊȢȉƆ ɀɷ˔ŊǘǣŊ ĢǵǣƆȐ ɀĢɮĢɷǣʙƆɷɑ ʷʙ ƆˍƆȐ ˎǣʙǘȢʷʙ Ģǵǵ ʙǘƆ ȐƆŊDzǝ ĻǣʙǣȐLJŞ ÝǘƆ hȢɷʙ ɷʙǣǵǵ ɷʷŊDzɷɑ ++,,,
¨ĻǵǣˍǣȢȐ
ÝȢȉ ɮʷǣɷƆ LJȢƆɷ ĄĢǵǵǝ@ ȢȐ ĢȐ @Ģɮʙǘ ȐƆĢɮǝŭƆɷʙɮȢ˔Ɔŭ Ļ˔ ĢǵǣƆȐ ǣȐˍĢŭƆɮɷɑ Ɔƨʙ ĻƆǘǣȐŭ ʙȢ ȉƆȐŭ ƆɠʷǣɀȉƆȐʙ ˍǣʙĢǵ ʙȢ ʙǘƆ ɷʷɮˍǣˍĢǵ Ȣƨ ǘʷȉĢȐǣʙ˔ɫɷ ɮƆƨʷLJƆƆɷŞ ʙǘƆ ɮʷǣɷƆɮ ȉʷɷʙ ɠʷƆɷʙǣȢȐ Ģǵǵ ǘƆ ĻƆǵǣƆˍƆɷ ɂȐȢŞ ȐȢʙ ÑŊǣƆȐʙȢǵȢLJ˔Ɉ ˎǘƆȐ Ģ ɷɀĢŊƆɷǘǣɀ ŊɮĢɷǘǝǵĢȐŭɷɑ ¨ĻǵǣˍǣȢȐ ǣɷ ɷȢǵǣŭǵ˔ Ļ˔ǝȐʷȉĻƆɮɷ ɷŊǣǝƨǣŞ Ļʷʙ ǵȢȢDzɷ ŊǘʷƨƨǣȐɫ ǵȢˍƆǵ˔ɑ ++++,
ĢŊDz ÝǘƆ \ǣĢȐʙ ÑǵĢ˔Ɔɮ ʞ1
¨ȐŊƆ ʷɀȢȐ Ģ ʙǣȉƆ Ģ ǵĢŭ ȐĢȉƆŭ ĢŊDz ŊǵǣȉĻƆŭ Ģ ȉĢLJǣŊ ĻƆĢȐɷʙĢǵDz ʙȢ Ģ ǵĢȐŭ Ȣƨ ȢˍƆɮĢĻʷȐŭĢȐʙ \pɑ ɨZƆƆǝƨǣǝƨȢǝƨʷȉŞɩ ɷĢǣŭ Ģ LJǣĢȐʙŞ ȢʙǘƆɮˎǣɷƆ DzȐȢˎȐ Ģɷ ĄĢɮȐƆɮ ɮȢɷŞ ɨp ɷȉƆǵǵ ʙǘƆ ŊĢɷǘ Ȣƨ ˔Ɔʙ ĢȐȢʙǘƆɮ ʞ1 ƨĢǣɮ˔ʙĢǵƆ ĢŭĢɀ ƚ ɠʷǣŊDzŞ ƨƆʙŊǘ ɮ˔ĢȐ ÑǣȐLJƆɮ ʙȢ ŭǣɮƆŊʙ ɷȢ ǣʙɫɷ ŭƆŊƆȐʙ Ģʙ ǵƆĢɷʙɑɩ +++,,
ZǣƆǵŭ pȐ @ȐLJǵĢȐŭ
ɮǣʙ ŭǣɮƆŊʙȢɮ ƆȐ ĄǘƆĢʙǵƆ˔ɫɷ ɂǣǵǵ ǣɷʙŞ ÑǣLJǘʙɷƆƆɮɷɈ ǵĢʙƆɷʙ ˎƆǣɮŭƨƆɷʙ ǣɷ Ģ ɀɷ˔ŊǘƆŭƆǵǣŊ ʙĢDzƆ ȢȐ \ Ñ@ ǘǣɷʙȢɮ˔ ǣȐ ˎǘǣŊǘ Ģ LJɮȢʷɀ Ȣƨ @ȐLJǵǣɷǘ ǣˍǣǵ ĄĢɮ ŭƆɷƆɮʙƆɮɷ ƨǣȐŭ ĢȐ ĢǵŊǘƆȉǣɷʙŞ ʙɮǣɀ Ȣʷʙ ȢȐ ɫɷǘɮȢȢȉɷ ĢȐŭ ǘʷȐʙ ƨȢɮ ʙɮƆĢɷʷɮƆɑ pʙ ǵȢȢDzɷ LJɮƆĢʙ Ļʷʙ ˍƆƆɮɷ ŊǵȢɷƆ ʙȢ ŭǣɷĢɀɀƆĢɮǣȐLJ ŭȢˎȐ ǣʙɷ ȢˎȐ ɮĢĻĻǣʙ ǘȢǵƆɑ +++,,
ţƵƿ e .L | j
-0ĩ'0 Eh]0 ]cYE0F( ]ch'' ]z]
]řňřƓ ŃdžĹƯĪƌřřŃ ƓǙƓƯÓŃ
ţ
ĄǘȢ ȐƆƆŭɷ ʙȢ ŭɮǣǵǵ ǘȢǵƆɷ ĢȐŭ ɮƆǝɀǵĢɷʙƆɮ ˎĢǵǵɷ ʙȢ LJƆʙ Ģ ȉʷǵʙǣɮȢȢȉ ȉʷɷǣŊ ɷ˔ɷʙƆȉɡ Ȣʙ ˔Ȣʷɑ Ąǣʙǘ ÑȢȐȢɷŞ ˔Ȣʷ ŊĢȐ Ɔ˓ɀĢȐŭ ˔Ȣʷɮ ɷƆʙǝʷɀ Ģʙ ˔Ȣʷɮ ǵƆǣɷʷɮƆ ƚ ˎǘ˔ ȐȢʙ ɷʙĢɮʙ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ĻʷŭLJƆʙ ÃǵĢ˔śʞŞ ĢȐŭ Ģŭŭ Ģ ĻǣLJLJƆɮ ÃǵĢ˔śư ǵĢʙƆɮɡ ÝǘƆȐ ȉĢ˔ĻƆ ǘȢȢDz ʷɀ Ģ ȢȐȐƆŊʙ ʙȢ ˔Ȣʷɮ Ɔ˓ǣɷʙǣȐLJ ǘǣǝƨǣ ĢȐŭ ɮȢʷʙƆɮŞ ʙǘƆȐ Ģŭŭ ɷɀƆĢDzƆɮɷ ʙȢ Ģ ȢȐȐƆŊʙśȉɀ ǣȐ ĢȐȢʙǘƆɮ ɮȢȢȉŞ Ȣɮ Ģ Ñì ƨȢɮ Ģ ĻĢɷɷ ĻȢȢɷʙɑ ĐȢʷɫǵǵ ɮʷȐ Ȣʷʙ Ȣƨ ɮȢȢȉɷ ĻƆƨȢɮƆ ˔Ȣʷ ɮʷȐ Ȣʷʙ Ȣƨ ȢɀʙǣȢȐɷɑ ZȢɮ Ģ ƨʷɮʙǘƆɮ ʷɀLJɮĢŭƆŞ ʙǘƆ ɮŊĢȉ ɮÑƆɮǣƆɷ ÑȢȐǣȐDz 1 ˎȢɮDzɷ Ģ ʙɮƆĢʙ ˎǣʙǘ ʙǘƆ ȢȐȐƆŊʙɑ
ѤƌĪÆďÓ džÆĪř ]ƯƌÓŃ EďĪµ ƣ
ƿ
¨ʷɮ ƨĢˍȢʷɮǣʙƆ ȉʷɷǣŊ ɷʙɮƆĢȉƆɮ ǣɷ ȢȐǵ˔ DzƆɀʙ ƨɮȢȉ ʙǘƆ ʙȢɀ ɷɀȢʙ Ļ˔ ʙǘƆ ĻɮǣǵǵǣĢȐʙ ƨǵƆ˓ǣĻǣǵǣʙ˔ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ƨʷǵǵ ÑȢȐȢɷ ɷ˔ɷʙƆȉʀ Ģɷ Ģ ɷǣȐLJǵƆ ɀǵĢ˔ƆɮŞ ˎƆɫŭ LJȢ ƨȢɮ ʙǘǣɷ ƆˍƆɮ˔ ʙǣȉƆɑ ÝƆĢȉ ǣʙ ˎǣʙǘ ʙǘƆ ˠʷɮ ʋưȬ Ģȉɀ ɂʖʞưˤɈ ƨƆƆŭ ǣʙ ǘǣLJǘǝɮƆɷȢǵʷʙǣȢȐ ʭƼǝĻǣʙ ʙʷȐƆɷ ĢȐŭ ˔Ȣʷɫǵǵ ȐƆˍƆɮ ǵȢȢDz ĻĢŊDzɑ
FĪŃ hňĪƯĪ ƿ
Ƶ
ÝǘƆ ȐƆˎ Ģǣȉ ǣɷ ʙǘƆ ĻƆɷʙ ɷʙɮƆĢȉƆɮ ˎƆɫˍƆ ǘƆĢɮŭ ƚ ƨƆƆŭ ǣʙ ȉʷɷǣŊ Ļ˔ ìÑŞ ĄǣǝZǣŞ Ȣɮ 1Ş ĢȐŭ ǣʙɫǵǵ ɀĢ˔ ˔Ȣʷ ĻĢŊDz ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ɷȢʷȐŭ ʙǘĢʙɫɷ ĻɮƆĢʙǘʙĢDzǣȐLJ ǣȐ ǣʙɷ ŊǵĢɮǣʙ˔ ĢȐŭ ɀɮƆŊǣɷǣȢȐɑ pʙɫɷ ȐȢʙ ŊǘƆĢɀ ĢȐŭ ǵĢŊDzɷ ɷʙɮƆĢȉǣȐLJ ɷƆɮˍǣŊƆɷŞ Ļʷʙ Ģɷ ɷȢȢȐ Ģɷ ˔Ȣʷ ǘƆĢɮ ǣʙ ˔Ȣʷ ˎȢȐɫʙ ŊĢɮƆɑ
řǓÓƌƓ tĪĹĶĪňƓ ƿ
Ć
ÝǘƆ ĻĢĻ˔ Ȣƨ ĭĄɫɷ ǣɮÃǵĢ˔ ɮĢȐLJƆ ǣɷ Ģ ǵǣʙʙǵƆ ĻƆǵʙƆɮŞ ĢȐŭ ǣʙ Ģŭŭɷ Ģ ɀɮȢɀƆɮ ǣLJǘʙȐǣȐLJ ŭȢŊDz ʙȢ ɀɀǵƆɫɷ ˎǣɮƆǵƆɷɷ ʙƆŊǘɑ pʙɫǵǵ ƆĢɷǣǵ˔ ƨǣǵǵ Ģ ɷȉĢǵǵ ʙȢ ȉƆŭǣʷȉǝɷǣˠƆŭ ɮȢȢȉ ˎǣʙǘ ŊǘʷȐDz˔ ĻĢɷɷŞ ɀʷȐŊǘ˔ ĻƆĢʙɷ ĢȐŭ ǵȢˍƆǵ˔Ş ŊǵƆĢɮ ˍȢŊĢǵɷɑ ĐȢʷɫǵǵ Ļʷ˔ ǣʙ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ǵȢȢDzŞ Ļʷʙ ǵȢˍƆ ǣʙ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ɷȢʷȐŭɑ
Óňřň K? WĪµµřĹř
ü
ŭǣȉǣȐʷʙǣˍƆ ɷʙĢȐŭĢɮŭǝĻƆĢɮƆɮ ƨȢɮ ȐƆ˓ʙǝLJƆȐ ȉǣŊɮȢ ǘǣǝƨǣŞ ʙǘƆ 1ƆȐȢȐɫɷ LJȢʙ ÑɀȢʙǣƨ˔Ş Ģ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵ ĢɀɀŞ ĢȐŭ ǣʙɫǵǵ ɷʙɮƆĢȉ ˔Ȣʷɮ ȢˎȐ ʙʷȐƆɷŞ ɮǣLJǘʙ ʷɀ ʙȢ ʭƼǝĻǣʙɑ ÝǘƆ ŭȢŊDzɫɷ ʞˤǝɀǣȐŞ Ļʷʙ ˎǘȢ ŊĢɮƆɷ ˎǘƆȐ ˔ȢʷɫˍƆ ĢǵɷȢ LJȢʙ ǣɮÃǵĢ˔ɡ ŭŭ Å ŊȢʷɷʙǣŊɷ ʭˤʭˤǣ ɷɀƆĢDzƆɮɷ ƨȢɮ ĢˎƆɷȢȉƆ ɷȢʷȐŭɑ
?Ī¤ƌƯřňÓ Īųų
ƣ
ƨʷˠˠ˔Ş Ŋ˔ǵǣȐŭɮǣŊĢǵŞ ŊȢǵȢʷɮƨʷǵ ǣɮÃǵĢ˔ ŭȢŊDz ʙǘĢʙ ˎǣǵǵ ŭƆǵǣˍƆɮ ŭƆʙĢǣǵƆŭŞ ɀʷȐŊǘ˔ ʞʋˤǝŭƆLJɮƆƆ ɷȢʷȐŭ ĢȐ˔ˎǘƆɮƆ Ģʙ ĢǵǵŞ ʙǘĢȐDzɷ ʙȢ Ģ ĻʷǣǵʙǝǣȐ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ ʙǘĢʙ LJǣˍƆɷ ǣʙ ƨȢʷɮ ǘȢʷɮɷ Ȣƨ ȢʷʙŭȢȢɮɷ ǵǣƨƆɑ 1ǣɮƆŊʙ ĄǣǝZǣ ɷDzǣǵǵɷ ƨɮƆƆ ˔Ȣʷ ƨɮȢȉ ŊĢĻǵƆɷŞ ɮȢʷʙƆɮɷŞ ĢȐŭ ƆˍƆɮ˔ʙǘǣȐLJ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆ ĻȢȢLJǣƆɑ
ѤƌĪÆďÓ džÆĪř EĪňǘ Īƌ ƿǤǤ
Ɯ
pʙ ȉĢ˔ ȐȢʙ ǣȉȉƆŭǣĢʙƆǵ˔ ĢʙʙɮĢŊʙ ʙǘƆ Ɔ˔ƆŞ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆ ǣȐ˓ ǣɮ ʭˤˤ ŊƆɮʙĢǣȐǵ˔ ĢʙʙɮĢŊʙɷ ʙǘƆ ƆĢɮŞ ƆɷɀƆŊǣĢǵǵ˔ ˎǘƆȐ ŊǘʷŊDzǣȐLJ Ȣʷʙ ʙʷȐƆɷ Ģʙ ȉĢ˓ǣȉʷȉ ˍȢǵʷȉƆŞ ˎǘǣŊǘ ǣɷ ˍƆɮ˔ ǵȢʷŭ ǣȐŭƆƆŭɑ Ąǣʙǘ ǵʷƆʙȢȢʙǘŞ ǣɮÃǵĢ˔Ş Ç ĢȐŭ Ģʷ˓ǝǣȐŞ ǣʙɫɷ Ģ ŊɮȢˎŭǝɀǵƆĢɷƆɮ ˎǣʙǘ ǣʙɷ ŊȢȐȐƆŊʙǣȢȐɷŞ ʙȢȢɑ
]řňǙ ]Y]ĨcEÛ
Û
ZȢɮLJƆʙ ʙǘĢʙ ʙǘǣɷ ÑȢȐ˔ ǵȢȢDzɷ ʷȐŊȢȉƨȢɮĢĻǵ˔ ǵǣDzƆ Ģ ǘĢȐŭĻĢLJ ĻƆŊĢʷɷƆ ǣʙɫɷ ĢŊʙʷĢǵǵ˔ ȢȐƆ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ĻǣLJLJƆɷʙ ĻĢɮLJĢǣȐɷ ǣȐ ǘǣǝƨǣ ɮǣLJǘʙ ȐȢˎɑ ÃȢɀ ǣȐ ƨȢʷɮ ĻĢʙʙƆɮǣƆɷ ɂȢǵŭǝɷŊǘȢȢǵŞ ɮǣLJǘʙɡɈ ĢȐŭ ǣʙ ˎǣǵǵ ɀȢˎƆɮ Ģ ɀĢɮʙ˔ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ɀĢɮDzɑ pʙɫɷ LJȢʙ ƨĢȐŊ˔ Z Ş ʙȢȢŞ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆ ĻƆɷʙ ʙǘǣȐLJ ǣɷ ʙǘĢʙ ǣʙ ɷȢʷȐŭɷ ĢŊƆɑ
'řµĹ y] řřĶ
Ŏ
ĢȐ Ģ ŊȢȉɀʷʙƆɮ ƆˍƆɮ ĻƆ Ģ ɀɮȢɀƆɮ ǘǣǝƨǣ ɷʷĻɷʙǣʙʷʙƆɡ pʙ ŊĢȐ ǣƨ DzǣʙʙƆŭ Ȣʷʙ ˎǣʙǘ ʙǘƆɷƆ ɀɮƆȉǣʷȉ ƼˤĄ ŭƆɷDzʙȢɀ ɷɀƆĢDzƆɮɷɑ pƨ ʙǘƆ ȐƆˎ ˎǣɮƆǵƆɷɷ ˍƆɮɷǣȢȐ ƚ ŭʷƆ Ȣʷʙ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ˍƆɮ˔ ȐƆĢɮ ƨʷʙʷɮƆ ƚ ŭȢƆɷȐɫʙ ǣȐʙƆɮƆɷʙ ˔ȢʷŞ ˔Ȣʷ ȉǣLJǘʙ ˎƆǵǵ ɷƆƆ Ģ ȐǣŊƆ ɀɮǣŊƆ ŭɮȢɀ ȢȐ ʙǘǣɷ Ɔ˓ǣɷʙǣȐLJ ȉȢŭƆǵɑ
ţǤ
WdžƌÓ ;řňďř ƓǙƓƯÓŃ W Ñ ÑʷŊDzǣȐLJ ŭȢˎȐ ʙʷȐƆɷ ˍǣĢ ʙǘƆ ÃʷɮƆ ʷɷǣŊ ĢɀɀŞ ʙǘǣɷ LJɮƆĢʙǝˍĢǵʷƆ ȉʷǵʙǣɮȢȢȉ ɷ˔ɷʙƆȉ ɀĢŊDzɷ ĻȢʙǘ ĄǣǝZǣ ĢȐŭ ǵʷƆʙȢȢʙǘ ɷȉĢɮʙɷɑ ÝǘƆ ȉȢĻǣǵƆ ȢȐLJȢ Ñʞ ɷɀƆĢDzƆɮ ĻƆȐƆƨǣʙɷ ƨɮȢȉ ɀ Ģ Ȭˤǘɮ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔Ş ˎǘǣǵƆ ʙǘƆ ʞ ǘǣǝƨǣ ĢŭĢɀʙȢɮ ǵƆʙɷ ˔Ȣʷɮ Ɔ˓ǣɷʙǣȐLJ ɷʙƆɮƆȢ ǰȢǣȐ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ƨʷȐɑ
0ňûňĪƯÓ ŃdžƓĪµ Īň ÓǒÓƌǙ ƌřřŃ ǓĪƯĤřdžƯ ƯĤÓ ňÓÓÆ ïřƌ µdžƓƯřŃ ĪňƓƯĹĹÓƌƓƁ ]Īďň džƓ džų ňřǓÂ ųĹÓƓÓ
ïƌřŃ ƭüǤǤ +++++ ƭƜǤǤ +++++ ƭƿƜŎü +++++
_e (L[ cKW ]KhF Xh?0cz
ƭƵƵǤ +++++ ƭƿƜǤ +++++
_e (L[ sY]c0?0cz F s?h
ƭƵƵǤ +++++
_e (L[ ? 'Y]K WYc0]
ƭĆƵǤ +++++ ƭƜǤ +++++
_e (L[ Y(0FKh] ?hcKKc-
ƭƿƣǤ +++++
_e (L[ ]=cKW -0ĩ'0 hW(Y
ïƌřŃ ƭţǤǤ ++++,
_e (L[ Eh?c0YKKE KF h(c
'KY c- 'h?? Ys0t] F KhY -0ĩ'0 hz0F( (h0Â ;hEW KsY cK tttź]ch''źcsƫcKWĩţǤ]ƫ-0ĩ'0
]ch'' W0= Ft Eh]0
ÑɀƆƆŭ˔ ¨ɮʙǣˠ ƚ ĢǰȢɮ ɮŊĢȐĢ
ĢɷɷĢŊǘʷɷƆʙʙɷ ƨȢʷɮǝɀǣƆŊƆ ÑɀƆƆŭ˔ ¨ ʙĢDzƆ ʙǘƆ ǵȢˎǝƨǣ ĢȐʙǘƆȉɷ Ȣƨ ÃĢˍƆȉƆȐʙŞ ÝǘƆ ɮƆƆŭƆɮɷ Ɔʙ Ģǵ ĢȐŭ ʷɀŭĢʙƆ ʙǘƆȉ ƨȢɮ Ģ ȐƆˎ LJƆȐƆɮĢʙǣȢȐɑ ÑȢ ˎǘǣǵƆ ĢǰȢɮ ɮŊĢȐĢ ȉĢ˔ ȐȢʙ ĻƆ ȢɮǣLJǣȐĢǵŞ ǣʙ ǣɷ Ģʙ ǵƆĢɷʙ ɷǘĢɮɀ Ȣƨ ǵ˔ɮǣŊŞ ɷʷĻǵǣȉƆ Ȣƨ ȉƆǵȢŭ˔ ĢȐŭ ɷǵĢŊDz Ȣƨ ƨƆƆǵɑ ++++,
ZʷŊDz ʷʙʙȢȐɷ ƚ ÑǵȢˎ ZȢŊʷɷ
Z ɷǣLJȐƆŭ Ȣƨƨ ʭˤˤȕɫɷ ÝĢɮȢʙ ÑɀȢɮʙ ˎǣʙǘ ZǵǣLJǘʙ ¨ƨ ÝǘƆ ZƆĢʙǘƆɮƆŭ ÑƆɮɀƆȐʙ ƚ ʙǘƆ ǘǣɀɷʙƆɮ ƆɠʷǣˍĢǵƆȐʙ Ȣƨ 1ĢɮǣȢ \ɫɷ ÑʷȐŊǘ˔ȉƆ ɂʙǘĢʙɫɷ Ģ LJȢȢŭ ʙǘǣȐLJɈɑ ĄǘǣǵƆ ÑǵȢˎ ZȢŊʷɷ ǵĢŊDzɷ ɷʷŊǘ ȢĻˍǣȢʷɷ ĢȐʙǘƆȉɷŞ ǣʙɫɷ LJĢǣȐƆŭ ĢȐ ʷɮLJƆȐŊ˔ ˎǘƆɮƆ ɀɮƆˍǣȢʷɷǵ˔ ʙǘƆ ɷȢȐLJɷ ˎƆɮƆ ǵƆƨʙ ʙȢ LJɮȢˎ ɷǵȢˎǵ˔ɑ ++++,
ƆʙǵǣˍƆ ƚ ÝǘƆ ǵĢŊDzƆɷʙ ƆĢʷʙǣƨʷǵ
¨Ȑ ƨǣɮɷʙ ǵǣɷʙƆȐŞ ʙǘǣɷ ɷȢʷȐŭɷ ŊɮĢˠ˔ś ǘʷLJƆ ȉƆʙĢǵ ɮǣƨƨɷŞ ɀʷȐDz˔ ǰĢĻɷŞ ɮʷȉĻǵ˔ ĻĢɷɷǵǣȐƆɷŞ ŭǣLJǣʙĢǵ ĻɮƆĢDzŭȢˎȐɷŞ ɷʷɀƆɮǝŊǵƆĢȐ ˍȢŊĢǵɷ ĢȐŭ ĢȐLJɮ˔ LJĢȐLJ ŊǘȢɮʷɷƆɷ ŭƆǵǣˍƆɮƆŭ Ģʙ Ģ ƨɮĢȐʙǣŊ ĢʙʙƆȐʙǣȢȐǝ LJɮĢĻĻǣȐLJ ɀĢŊƆɑ ŊʙʷĢǵǵ˔Ş ǣʙɫɷ ŊɮĢˠ˔ ȢȐ ƆˍƆɮ˔ ǵǣɷʙƆȐŞ ȐȢʙ ǰʷɷʙ ʙǘƆ ƨǣɮɷʙɑ ʷʙ LJȢȢŭ ŊɮĢˠ˔ɑ +++++
ĄƆƆDzƆȐŭ ƚ ǣȐ˓
ȐȢʙǘƆɮ ˔Ȣʷʙǘƨʷǵ ìÑ ĻĢȐŭ ǣȐ ʙǘɮĢǵǵ ʙȢ ʙǘƆ ɀĢɷʙŞ ĄƆƆDzƆȐŭ ʙĢDzƆ ʙǘƆ ŊɮǣɷɀŞ ĢʙȉȢɷɀǘƆɮǣŊ ɮǘ˔ʙǘȉɷ Ȣƨ ÝǘƆ ʷɮƆɫɷ ȉǣŭǝ ɫƎˤɷ ǘƆ˔ŭĢ˔ ĢȐŭ ˎɮĢɀ ʙǘƆȉ ʷɀ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ɷǘǣȉȉƆɮǣȐLJ ƆĢɮǵ˔ǝɫȕˤɷ ʙƆ˓ʙʷɮƆɷ Ȣƨ ɷǘȢƆLJĢˠƆɑ ˔ɮǣŊĢǵǵ˔Ş ǣʙ ʙƆȐŭɷ ʙȢˎĢɮŭɷ ʙǘƆ ɀɮȢɷĢǣŊ ƚ ȐȢʙǘǣȐLJ ȐƆˎ ʙǘƆɮƆ ƨȢɮ ɷǘȢƆLJĢˠƆ ƚ Ļʷʙ Ģʙ ǣʙɷ ĻƆɷʙŞ ǣʙɫɷ ĻɮǣǵǵǣĢȐʙɑ ++++,
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ÝǘƆ˔ɫˍƆ ĢŊʙʷĢǵǵ˔ ĻƆƆȐ ĢɮȢʷȐŭ Ģ ǵǣʙʙǵƆ ˎǘǣǵƆ ȐȢˎŞ Ļʷʙ ˎǘĢʙɫɷ ɀʷʙ ʙǘƆ ƼưȬ ȢȐǝƆĢɮɷ ĻĢŊDz ȢȐ ʙȢ Ȣʷɮ ɮĢŭĢɮ ǣɷ ĢȐ ȢƨƨǣŊǣĢǵ ɀɮǣŊƆ ŭɮȢɀ ƨɮȢȉ ʖȬʞˤ ʙȢ ʖƎˤŞ ĢȐŭ Ģ ɮƆĢǵǝˎȢɮǵŭ ɀɮǣŊƆ Ȣƨ ǰʷɷʙ ʖưˤɑ ZȢɮ ʙǘĢʙ ȉȢȐƆ˔ ʙǘƆ˔ɫɮƆ ʷȐĻƆĢʙĢĻǵƆ ƚ ĢˎƆɷȢȉƆǵ˔ ĢLJǣǵƆ ĢȐŭ ɀʷȐŊǘ˔ ɷȢʷȐŭ ˎɮĢɀɀƆŭ ʷɀ ǣȐ Ģ ɷʷĻʙǵ˔ ɷʙ˔ǵǣɷǘ ĢȐŭ ƨȢǵŭĢĻǵƆ ŭƆɷǣLJȐɑ ŭŭ ĻȢʙǘ ɷʙĢȐŭĢɮŭ ĢȐŭ ʙǘɮƆƆǝĻʷʙʙȢȐ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵ ŊĢĻǵƆɷ ƨȢɮ ȉĢ˓ǣȉǣɷǣȐLJ ŊȢȉɀĢʙǣĻǣǵǣʙ˔ ĢȐŭ ʙǘƆɮƆɫɷ ɀɮĢŊʙǣŊĢǵǵ˔ ȐȢ Ɔ˓ŊʷɷƆ ƨȢɮ ȐȢʙ LJƆʙʙǣȐLJ ĻɮǣǵǵǣĢȐʙ ɷȢʷȐŭ ƨɮȢȉ ˔Ȣʷɮ ɀǘȢȐƆɑ
řǓÓƌƓ tĪĹĶĪňƓ WƵ ÑʷɀƆɮĻ ɷȢʷȐŭ ĢȐŭ Ģ ɷȢǵǣŭ ĢȐŭ ĢŊǘǣȐLJǵ˔ ɷʙ˔ǵǣɷǘ ŭƆɷǣLJȐ ȉĢDzƆ ʙǘƆɷƆ ʙǘƆ ĻƆɷʙ ɀȢɮʙĢĻǵƆ ȢȐǝƆĢɮɷ ĢɮȢʷȐŭɑ ÝǘƆ ƨĢŊʙ ʙǘĢʙ ʙˎȢ ŊĢĻǵƆɷ ŊȢȉƆ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ĻȢ˓ ƚ ȢȐƆ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ȉǣŊ ĢȐŭ ɮƆȉȢʙƆ ƨȢɮ ǣÃǘȢȐƆɷŞ ȢȐƆ ˎǣʙǘȢʷʙ ƚ ȢȐǵ˔ ɷˎƆƆʙƆȐɷ ʙǘƆ ĢǵɮƆĢŭ˔ ŊĢȐŭ˔ ƨǵȢɷɷǝǵǣDzƆ ŭƆĢǵɑ
]řdžňÆEďĪµ ţǤ ȢȢDz ŊǵȢɷƆǵ˔ Ģʙ ʙǘƆ ɀǣŊʙʷɮƆ ĢȐŭ ˔Ȣʷ ȉǣLJǘʙ ȐȢʙǣŊƆ Ģ ǵǣʙʙǵƆ ˎƆĢˍƆ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ @Ȭˤɫɷ ŊĢĻǵƆɑ ĐƆɷŞ ʙǘƆɷƆ ĻʷŭLJƆʙ ĻƆǵʙƆɮɷ ˎƆɮƆ ʙˎƆĢDzƆŭ Ģ ˎǘǣǵƆ ĻĢŊDz ʙȢ ȉĢDzƆ ʙǘƆǣɮ ŊĢĻǵƆ ȉȢɮƆ ŭʷɮĢĻǵƆɑ ÝǘƆ˔ ɷȢʷȐŭ ĻƆʙʙƆɮ ʙǘĢȐ ʙǘƆ˔ ŭǣŭ ʙȢȢ ƚ LJȢȢŭ ƆȐȢʷLJǘ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ĻɮȢȐˠƆǝȉƆŭĢǵ ɷɀȢʙɑ
]řňǙ yĨĆĪW ÝǘƆɷƆ ŊǘʷȐDz˔ ǣȐǝƆĢɮɷ ǘĢˍƆ ƨȢʷɮ ŭɮǣˍƆɮɷ ɀʷȉɀǣȐLJ Ɔ˓ŊƆɀʙǣȢȐĢǵǵ˔ ɀʷȐŊǘ˔Ş ŭƆʙĢǣǵƆŭ ɷȢʷȐŭ ǣȐʙȢ ˔Ȣʷɮ LJǵȢɮǣȢʷɷǵ˔ ɷɀȢǣǵʙ ǵʷLJǘȢǵƆɷŞ Ļʷʙ ŭƆɷɀǣʙƆ ʙǘƆ ƨĢǣɮǵ˔ ǘƆƨʙ˔ ŭƆɷǣLJȐ ʙǘƆ˔ɫɮƆ ɷʷɮɀɮǣɷǣȐLJǵ˔ ŊȢȉƨȢɮʙĢĻǵƆŞ ʙȢȢɑ ÝǘƆ˔ ˎƆɮƆ ʖƼˤˤ Ģʙ ǵĢʷȐŊǘŞ ɷȢ ʖʭưˤ ǣɷ Ģ LJɮƆĢʙ ŭƆĢǵɑ
]řĹ YÓųdž¤ĹĪµ EƓƯÓƌ cƌµĶƓ ÇƆĢǵǵ˔ ʙȢʷLJǘ ʙǘǣȐLJɷ ĢɮƆ ʷɷʷĢǵǵ˔ ɮƆĢǵǵ˔ ʷLJǵ˔Ş ˎǘǣŊǘ ǣɷ ˎǘ˔ ʙǘƆ ǵȢˍƆǵ˔ ɷʙ˔ǵǣȐLJ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ɨˍǣɮʙʷĢǵǵ˔ ǣȐŭƆɷʙɮʷŊʙǣĻǵƆɩ ĢɷʙƆɮ ÝɮĢŊDzɷ ǘƆĢŭɀǘȢȐƆɷ ǣɷ ɷȢ ɮƆƨɮƆɷǘǣȐLJɑ ȢʷŭŞ ɀʷȐŊǘ˔Ş ƨĢɷʙ ĢȐŭ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵǵƆŭŞ ʙǘƆ ɷȢʷȐŭ ǣɷ ǰʷɷʙ Ģɷ ĢʙʙɮĢŊʙǣˍƆ Ģɷ ʙǘƆ ŭƆɷǣLJȐɑ ĄȢɮʙǘ ƆˍƆɮ˔ ɀƆȐȐ˔ɑ
'ĪňĹ džÆĪř ÓƓĪďň ÆďĪř 000 ĢǵǵǣȐLJ Ģ ɀĢǣɮ Ȣƨ ǘƆĢŭɀǘȢȐƆɷ ŭĢLJǣȢ ɷƆƆȉɷ Ģ Ļǣʙ ɀɮƆʙƆȐʙǣȢʷɷŞ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆɷƆ ŭƆŊǣŭƆŭǵ˔ ĢƨƨȢɮŭĢĻǵƆ ǣȐǝƆĢɮɷ ƨɮȢȉ Ģ ĢɀĢȐƆɷƆ ŊȢȉɀĢȐ˔ ʙǘĢʙ ʷɷʷĢǵǵ˔ ȢŊŊʷɀǣƆɷ ʙǘƆ ȉȢɷʙ ĻȢȐDzƆɮɷ ɮƆĢŊǘƆɷ Ȣƨ ǘǣLJǘǝƆȐŭ ƆĢɮȐ ǣʙ ˎǣʙǘ ĻɮǣǵǵǣĢȐʙǵ˔ ŭƆʙĢǣǵƆŭ ĢȐŭ ƆȐŭǵƆɷɷǵ˔ ĢʙʙĢŊDzǣȐLJ ɷȢʷȐŭɑ
řƓÓ ƿǓ ĄƆɫɮƆ ȐȢʙ LJȢǣȐLJ ʙȢ ɀɮƆʙƆȐŭ ʙǘĢʙ ʙǘƆ ɀɮȢʙɮʷŭǣȐLJ ǵʷƆʙȢȢʙǘ ȉȢŭʷǵƆ ǣɷȐɫʙ Ģ ɮĢʙǘƆɮ ʷLJǵ˔ ʙȢʷŊǘŞ Ļʷʙ ˎǘĢʙɫɷ ȉȢɷʙ ǣȉɀȢɮʙĢȐʙ ǣɷ ʙǘĢʙ ʙǘƆɷƆ ȢɷƆ ǘƆĢŭɀǘȢȐƆɷ ŭƆǵǣˍƆɮ ˎǣɮƆǵƆɷɷ ɷȢʷȐŭ Ȣƨ ɷʷɀƆɮĻ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ɑ ĄƆɫǵǵ ɀʷʙ ʷɀ ˎǣʙǘ ǵȢȢDzǣȐLJ Ģ ˎƆƆ Ļǣʙ ŭĢƨʙ ƨȢɮ ȉʷɷǣŊĢǵ ȉĢLJǣŊɑ
=ĹĪųƓµĤ 0ŃďÓ yţǤĪ ɀƆɮƆȐȐǣĢǵ ƨĢˍȢʷɮǣʙƆ Ģʙ Ñʙʷƨƨ ÝȢˎƆɮɷŞ ʙǘƆɷƆ ʙǣȐ˔Ş ȉǣŊǝʙȢʙǣȐLJ Ļʷŭɷ ɷȢʷȐŭ ɷʷɀƆɮĻ ĢȐŭ ĢɮƆ ȉȢɮƆ ŊȢȉƨȢɮʙĢĻǵƆ ʙǘĢȐ ʙǘƆ˔ ǵȢȢDzɑ ÝǘƆ˔ ǵĢʷȐŊǘƆŭ Ģʙ ʖʭʞˤŞ ɷȢ ĢɮƆ ɷȢȉƆʙǘǣȐLJ Ȣƨ Ģ ĻĢɮLJĢǣȐ ȐȢˎɑ @ˍƆȐ ʙǘƆ Ȣʷ ÇƆƆŭ ÑǣLJȐĢʙʷɮƆ @ŭǣʙǣȢȐɷ ĢɮƆ ȐȢˎ ĢˍĢǣǵĢĻǵƆ ƨȢɮ ĢɮȢʷȐŭ ʖȬƼˤɑ
]ÓňňĤÓĪƓÓƌ EřŃÓňƯdžŃ ǵĢɷɷǣǵ˔ ɷʙ˔ǵƆŭŞ ŊʷɷǘǣȢȐǝŊȢȉƨȢɮʙĢĻǵƆ ĢȐŭ ɷȉȢȢʙǘǝɷȢʷȐŭǣȐLJŞ ʙǘƆ ȢȉƆȐʙʷȉɷ ĢɮƆ ʙǘƆ ɀƆɮƨƆŊʙ ɀĢǣɮ Ȣƨ ȢȐǝƆĢɮɷ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ŭĢɀɀƆɮ ȉĢȐ ĢĻȢʷʙ ʙȢˎȐɑ ÝǘƆɮƆɫɷ ȐȢ ȐȢǣɷƆǝŊĢȐŊƆǵǵĢʙǣȢȐŞ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆ˔ ŭȢ ǣɷȢǵĢʙƆ ȐǣŊƆǵ˔ɑ ĄǘǣǵƆ ʙǘƆ˔ ŭȢȐɫʙ ƨȢǵŭ ŭȢˎȐŞ Ģ ȐƆĢʙ ŊĢɷƆ ǣɷ ǣȐŊǵʷŭƆŭɑ
W] EĆhƿ ĐƆɷŞ ʙǘƆ Ƽìʭɷ ǘĢˍƆ LJȢʙ LJɮƆĢʙ ȐȢǣɷƆǝŊĢȐŊƆǵǵǣȐLJŞ Ļʷʙ ʙǘĢʙɫɷ ȢȐǵ˔ ǘĢǵƨ ʙǘƆ ɷʙȢɮ˔ɑ ìɷǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ ĻʷǣǵʙǝǣȐ Ģȉɀ ɀɮȢŭʷŊƆɷ Ģ ɷȢʷȐŭ ʙǘĢʙɫɷ ĢǵȉȢɷʙ ʷȐĻƆǵǣƆˍĢĻǵ˔ ɀʷȐŊǘ˔Ş ŊǵƆĢȐ ĢȐŭ Ɔ˓ŊǣʙǣȐLJɑ ÝǘƆ˔ ȉǣLJǘʙ ĻƆ Ģ Ļǣʙ ǘƆĢˍ˔Ş Ļʷʙ ʙǘĢʙ ĢʷŭǣȢ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ ɮƆĢǵǵ˔ ǣɷ ˎȢɮʙǘ ʙǘƆ ˎƆǣLJǘʙɑ
]ch'' ]z] 'ňƯƓƯĪµ ƓřdžňÆ ňÆ ďƌÓƯ ųřƌƯ¤ĪĹĪƯǙ Ư ň ĹŃřƓƯ džň¤ÓƯ¤ĹÓ ųƌĪµÓź cĤÓ ųÓƌïÓµƯ WEW džųďƌÆÓ
ƭüǤ +++++ ƭţƜǤ +++++
_e (L[ KFĩY y??F
ƭƵü +++++ ƭƿüǤ +++++
_e (L[ 0FĩY y??F
ƭţƜǤ +++++ ƭƜǤ +++++ ƭƿǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ (Yc ]KhF t0c- FK t0Y]
ƭţƵǤ +++++ ƭƿƣǤ +++++
_e (L[ Xh?0cz F ]cz? 0F KF
ƭƿƜǤ +++++
_e (L[ ]-hcc0F( Khc c- tKY?
'KY c- 'h?? Ys0t] F KhY -W-KF hz0F( (h0Â s0]0c ]ch''źcsƫcKWĩţǤ]ƫ-W-KF]
Ft
@ˍƆɮ˔ LJĢŭLJƆʙŞ ƆˍƆɮ˔ ɮƆˍǣƆˎŞ ƆˍƆɮ˔ ɀĢLJƆŞ ĢˍĢǣǵĢĻǵƆ ȢȐ Ã Ş ĢŊŞ ǣÃĢŭ ĢȐŭ ȐŭɮȢǣŭ ˎˎˎɑɷʙʷƨƨɑʙˍʓŭǣLJǣʙĢǵǝȉĢLJĢˠǣȐƆ
'h?? ĪW WW Khc FKtì
cKW c-Y] -KE 0FE
ţƵĆ
?hĩYz W?zY] e .L | j v G
ţ ƿ Ƶ
]řňǙ WĨ]ƜŎǤ ɠʷǣʙƆ ɮƆȉĢɮDzĢĻǵƆ ŭƆˍǣŊƆŞ ʙǘǣɷ ÑȢȐ˔ ɷȢʷȐŭɷ LJɮƆĢʙŞ ǘĢɷ Ģ ˎȢȐŭƆɮƨʷǵ ɀǣŊʙʷɮƆ ǣȐ ʭ1 Ȣɮ ʞ1 ĢȐŭ ǣɷ ŊɮĢȉȉƆŭ ˎǣʙǘ ȢȐǝŭƆȉĢȐŭ ŊȢȐʙƆȐʙ ǣȐŊǵʷŭǣȐLJ ÑȢȐ˔ɫɷ ȢˎȐ ȢˍǣƆɷ ìȐǵǣȉǣʙƆŭɑ pʙɷ ʙɮʷȉɀ ŊĢɮŭ ǣɷ Ƽ ˍǣŭƆȢ ʷɀɷŊĢǵǣȐLJś ˔Ȣʷ ȉĢ˔ ȐȢʙ ȐƆƆŭ ǣʙ ˔ƆʙŞ Ļʷʙ ˔Ȣʷ ɷȢȢȐ ˎǣǵǵɑ
WňƓřňĪµ EWĨcƿƵǤ ƨǣȐƆ ĻʷŭLJƆʙ ɀǵĢ˔Ɔɮ ˎǣʙǘ ɀǣŊʙʷɮƆ ĢȐŭ ɷȢʷȐŭ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ ʙǘĢʙ ˎȢʷǵŭ LJɮĢŊƆ ȉĢȐ˔ Ģ ȉȢɮƆ Ɔ˓ɀƆȐɷǣˍƆ ȉȢŭƆǵɑ pʙ ŭȢƆɷȐɫʙ ɠʷǣʙƆ ɮǣˍĢǵ ʙǘƆ ÑȢȐ˔ ĢĻȢˍƆ ƨȢɮ ɷȉĢɮʙ ƨƆĢʙʷɮƆɷ ƚ ĢǵʙǘȢʷLJǘ ˔Ȣʷ ŭȢ ɷʙǣǵǵ LJƆʙ Ɔʙƨǵǣ˓ ĢȐŭ ǣÃǵĢ˔Ɔɮ ƚ Ļʷʙ ƨȢɮ ɀʷɮƆ ǵʷǝɮĢ˔ ˎĢʙŊǘǣȐLJ ǣʙɫǵǵ ŭȢ ˔Ȣʷ ɀɮȢʷŭɑ
EƌňƯǠ hƜǤǤƜ ÃɮǣŊƆ˔ ǵǣDzƆ ĢȐ ɷʙȢȐ ĢɮʙǣȐ ǣɷ ɀɮǣŊƆ˔ ĢȐŭ ĢĻȢʷʙ Ģɷ ɷĢʙǣɷƨ˔ǣȐLJ ʙȢ ȢˎȐŞ ʙǘǣɷ ĢɮĢȐʙˠ ŊĢȐ ɀǵĢ˔ ĢȐ˔ ŭǣɷŊ ˔Ȣʷ ǵǣDzƆŞ ɷʙɮƆĢȉɷ ȉʷɷǣŊ Ģʙ ǘǣLJǘǝŭƆƨ ɮƆɷȢǵʷʙǣȢȐɷ ĢȐŭ ŊĢȐ ˎǣʙǘɷʙĢȐŭ ĢȐ ƆĢɮʙǘɠʷĢDzƆɑ pƨ ˔Ȣʷ ɮƆĢǵǵ˔Ş ɮƆĢǵǵ˔ ʙĢDzƆ ȉȢˍǣƆɷ ĢȐŭ ȉʷɷǣŊ ɷƆɮǣȢʷɷǵ˔Ş ʙǘǣɷ ǣɷ ˔Ȣʷɮ ɀǵĢ˔Ɔɮɑ
ƭţÛü +++++
_e (L[ KFĩEF '0?E]
ƭţƿǤ +++++
_e (L[ ?hĩYz KF h(c
ƭƣƵǤ +++++
_e (L[ c- h?c0Ec 0F Xh?0cz
ƭƵǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ t]KE ??ĩ 0FĩKF s?h
ƭƣǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ ??ĩzKhĩF ]cYE Eh]0
ƭţǤǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ ]E??ĩYKKE ]hYYKhF
ïƌřŃ ƭïƌÓÓ
_e (L[ ?0sY0F( sYzc-0F(
]W=Y ]z]cE] e .L | j
ţ ƿ Ƶ
]řňǙ sĨFüŎǤ ÝǘƆ ĻǣLJLJƆɷʙ ĻĢɮLJĢǣȐ ǣȐ ǘȢȉƆ ŊǣȐƆȉĢŞ ʙǘƆ ǵʷǝɮĢ˔ ǝɀĢŊDzǣȐLJ ưȕˤ ǘĢɷ Ģ ȉĢɷɷǣˍƆ ɷɀƆŊ Ļʷʙ Ģ ȉǣŊɮȢ ɀɮǣŊƆɑ ÃǣŊʙʷɮƆ ĢȐŭ ɷȢʷȐŭ ĢɮƆ Ɔ˓ŊƆǵǵƆȐʙŞ ÑȢȐ˔ɫɷ ɷȉĢɮʙ ɷƆɮˍǣŊƆɷ ĢɮƆ ǣȉȉƆȐɷƆ ĢȐŭ ǣʙɷ ɷʙ˔ǵǣɷǘ ŊʷɮˍƆɷ ĢȐŭ ʙȢʷŊǘǝɷƆȐɷǣʙǣˍƆ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷ Ģŭŭ Ģ ŭĢɷǘ Ȣƨ ɀɮƆȉǣʷȉ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ɑ
]řňřƓ WĹǙ¤ƌ ŊǘĢɮĢŊʙƆɮǣɷʙǣŊĢǵǵ˔ ÑȢȐȢɷ ʙĢDzƆ ȢȐ ʙǘƆ ɷȢʷȐŭĻĢɮŞ ʙǘƆ ÃǵĢ˔ĻĢɮ ǘȢȢDzɷ ʷɀ ʙȢ ˔Ȣʷɮ ÝĂ ˍǣĢ ǣʙɷ ɷǣȐLJǵƆ ȢɀʙǣŊĢǵ ǣȐɀʷʙ ĢȐŭ ƨǣǵǵɷ ˔Ȣʷɮ ɮȢȢȉ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ĻǣLJŞ ŭƆʙĢǣǵƆŭ ɷȢʷȐŭɑ Ȑŭ Ģɷ ˎǣʙǘ Ģǵǵ ÑȢȐȢɷ DzǣʙŞ ǣʙ ŊĢȐ ɷʙɮƆĢȉ ˔Ȣʷɮ ȢˎȐ ȉʷɷǣŊ ƨǣǵƆɷŞ ÑɀȢʙǣƨ˔ ĢȐŭ ȉȢɮƆ ˎǣɮƆǵƆɷɷǵ˔ ĢɮȢʷȐŭ ʙǘƆ ǘȢʷɷƆɑ
zŃĤ z]WĨƵƵǤǤ pƨ ˔ȢʷɫˍƆ LJȢʙ ȉȢɮƆ ȉȢȐƆ˔ ʙǘĢȐ ɷɀĢŊƆŞ ɷƆȐŭ ˔Ȣʷɮ ĻʷʙǵƆɮ Ȣʷʙ ȐȢˎ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ʞʞˤˤɑ Ýǘǣɷ ŊȢȉɀĢŊʙ ĻĢɮ ŭƆǵǣˍƆɮɷ Ģ ƨĢȐʙĢɷʙǣŊĢǵǵ˔ ŊȢȐˍǣȐŊǣȐLJ ˍǣɮʙʷĢǵ ɷʷɮɮȢʷȐŭ ɷȢʷȐŭ Ļ˔ ĻȢʷȐŊǣȐLJ ĢʷŭǣȢ Ȣƨƨ ʙǘƆ ˎĢǵǵɷŞ ĢȐŭ ǣʙɫǵǵ ɀĢɷɷ ʙǘɮȢʷLJǘ Ƽ Ȣɮ ʞ1 ˍǣŭƆȢ ʙȢ ˔Ȣʷɮ ÝĂ ˍǣĢ h1pɑ
WsY]Â c e .L | j
ţ ƿ Ƶ
]ĶǙž- Ąǣʙǘ ȉȢɮƆ ʙǘĢȐ ʋư ŊǘĢȐȐƆǵɷ Ȣƨ h1 ǣȐŊǵʷŭǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ ĢˎƆɷȢȉƆ ÑDz˔ ʙǵĢȐʙǣŊŞ ʙǘƆɮƆɫɷ ȐȢ ȉȢɮƆ ƆȐǰȢ˔ĢĻǵƆ ˎĢ˔ ʙȢ LJƆʙ ɷɠʷĢɮƆ Ɔ˔Ɔɷɑ hȢȢDz ʷɀ ˔Ȣʷɮ ĻȢ˓ ʙȢ ʙǘƆ ˎƆĻ ĢȐŭ ˔Ȣʷɫǵǵ LJƆʙ ǣÃǵĢ˔ƆɮŞ pÝĂŞ ƼȢ1 ĢȐŭ ÑDz˔ ÃǵĢ˔Ɔɮ ʙȢȢŞ ˎǘǣǵƆ ʙǘƆ ÑDz˔ \Ȣ Ģɀɀ ǣɷ ɷʷɀɮƆȉƆǵ˔ ɷǵǣŊDzɑ
sĪƌďĪň cĪsř hĢɮŭˎĢɮƆǝˎǣɷƆŞ ʙǘƆ ʙĢɷʙƆǝǵƆĢɮȐǣȐLJ ÝǣĂȢ ǣɷ Ģ ÑDz˔ɝh1ǝĻƆĢʙƆɮŞ Ļʷʙ ǣʙ ǵȢɷƆɷ Ȣʷʙ ȢȐ ŊȢȐʙƆȐʙɑ pʙɷ ÝĂ Ȑ˔ˎǘƆɮƆ Ģɀɀ ǣɷ Ģ ȐƆĢʙ ʙȢʷŊǘŞ Ģɷ ǣɷ ʙǘƆ ĢŭŭǣʙǣȢȐ Ȣƨ ȉʷǵʙǣǝɮȢȢȉ ɷʙɮƆĢȉǣȐLJŞ ˎǘǣŊǘ ĢǵǵȢˎɷ ˔Ȣʷ ʙȢ ɷǘĢɮƆ ɮƆŊȢɮŭƆŭ ŊȢȐʙƆȐʙ ĻƆʙˎƆƆȐ ȉʷǵʙǣɀǵƆ ĻȢ˓Ɔɷɑ
]ŃƓdžňď ]cĨƜüǤǤ Ñʙǣǵǵ ʙǘƆ ĻƆɷʙ ZɮƆƆˍǣƆˎ h1 ĻȢ˓ Ȣʷʙ ʙǘƆɮƆŞ ʙǘƆ ÑĢȉȉ˔ɫɷ ɷǵǣŊDzŞ ŭʷĢǵǝŊȢɮƆ ȢɀƆɮĢʙǣȢȐŞ ʙˎǣȐ ʙʷȐƆɮɷ ĢȐŭ ưˤˤ\ h11 DzƆƆɀ ǣʙ ĢǘƆĢŭ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ĢǵɷȢǝɮĢȐɷŞ ˎǘǣǵƆ ǣʙɷ ɷʷɀƆɮǣȢɮ ɮĢƨʙ Ȣƨ ȉȢˍǣƆǝɷʙɮƆĢȉǣȐLJ ɷƆɮˍǣŊƆɷ ȉĢDzƆ ǣʙ Ģ ɮƆĢǵ ĢǵʙƆɮȐĢʙǣˍƆ ʙȢ Ģ ɷʷĻɷŊɮǣɀʙǣȢȐ ɷƆɮˍǣŊƆɑ
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]řňǙ ]EWĨFƿǤǤ ÑȢȐ˔ɫɷ ȐƆĢɮ ŊǵƆĢȐǝɷˎƆƆɀ Ȣƨ ʙǘǣɷ ɀĢLJƆ ȢˎƆɷ ȉʷŊǘ ʙȢ ǣʙɷ ƨĢȐʙĢɷʙǣŊ ɷȉĢɮʙ ÝĂ ɮȢɷʙƆɮŞ ĢȐŭ ʙǘǣɷ ȬˤƎˤɀǝŊĢɀĢĻǵƆ ĻȢ˓ ǘĢɷ ɫƆȉ Ģǵǵɑ ÑȢ ˔Ȣʷ LJƆʙ ǣÃǵĢ˔ƆɮŞ ȢˍƆƨǣǵȉ ĢȐŭ ÑȢȐ˔ɫɷ ȢˎȐ ĂǣŭƆȢ ìȐǵǣȉǣʙƆŭŞ ɀǵʷɷ ʙǘƆ ĢĻǣǵǣʙ˔ ʙȢ ɷʙɮƆĢȉ ˔Ȣʷɮ ȢˎȐ ƨǣǵƆɷŞ ĢȐŭ Ģǵǵ ƨȢɮ ǵƆɷɷ ʙǘĢȐ Ģ ɂĻǣLJɈ ȐǣLJǘʙ Ȣʷʙɑ
EĪµƌřƓřïƯ y¤řǘ ƵƣǤ ÑȢ ȐȢˎ ˎƆ ǘĢˍƆ Ģǵǵ ʙǘƆ ŭƆƆʙɷ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ȐƆ˓ʙ LJƆȐƆɮĢʙǣȢȐ Ȣƨ ŊȢȐɷȢǵƆɷɑ ÝǘƆ ĎĻȢ˓ ¨ȐƆ ˎǣǵǵ ĻƆ ȉȢɮƆ ȉƆŭǣĢǝŊƆȐʙɮǣŊ ʙǘĢȐ ƆˍƆɮ ĻƆƨȢɮƆŞ Ļʷʙ Ɔ˓ɀƆȐɷǣˍƆɑ ÝǘƆ ÃÑƼ ɷʙǣǵǵ ǵȢȢDzɷ ĻƆʙʙƆɮŞ ɮƆʙĢǣȐɷ ǣʙɷ ȉʷɷǣŊ ĢȐŭ ȉȢˍǣƆ ɷDzǣǵǵɷ ĢȐŭ ǣɷ ŊǘƆĢɀƆɮɑ ÝǘƆ ĻĢʙʙǵƆŞ Ģɷ ƆˍƆɮŞ ˎǣǵǵ ɮĢLJƆƖ
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ĄȢˎɑ pƨ Ģɮʙ˔ ŊZǵ˔ ǰʷȉɀƆŭ Ȣʷʙ ƨɮȢȉ ĻƆǘǣȐŭ ʙǘǣɷ ɷƆʙ ʙȢ ɮƆˍƆĢǵ ʙǘĢʙ ǘƆ ˎĢɷ ʙĢDzǣȐLJ ǣʙ ĻĢŊDz ʙȢ ʙǘƆ ƨʷʙʷɮƆŞ ˎƆ ˎȢʷǵŭȐɫʙ ĻĢʙ ĢȐ Ɔ˔Ɔǵǣŭɑ pʙɷ ɀǣŊʙʷɮƆ ǣɷ ȐȢʙǘǣȐLJ ɷǘȢɮʙ Ȣƨ Ɔ˓ŊƆɀʙǣȢȐĢǵŞ ˎǣʙǘ ɮǣŊǘ ŊȢǵȢʷɮɷŞ ŭƆƆɀ ĻǵĢŊDzɷ ĢȐŭ ȢʷʙɷʙĢȐŭǣȐLJ ŭƆɀʙǘ ǣȐ ʭ1 Ȣɮ ʞ1ɑ pʙɫɷ ɀĢŊDzƆŭ ˎǣʙǘ ŊǵƆˍƆɮ ʙƆŊǘŞ ƨɮȢȉ ˍȢǣŊƆ ŊȢȉȉĢȐŭɷ ʙǘĢʙ ĢŊʙʷĢǵǵ˔ ˎȢɮDz ʙȢ ȉʷǵʙǣɀǵƆ ǘȢȉƆɷŊɮƆƆȐɷ ĢȐŭ ɷȉĢɮʙ Ģɀɀɷɑ Ȑŭ ǣʙ ƆˍƆȐ ɷȢʷȐŭɷ ĻƆʙʙƆɮ ʙǘĢȐ ĢȐ˔ ƨǵĢʙɷŊɮƆƆȐ ˎƆɫˍƆ ǘƆĢɮŭ ĻƆƨȢɮƆɑ pȐ ɷǘȢɮʙŞ ǣʙɫɷ ʙǘƆ DzǣȐŭ Ȣƨ ÝĂ ˔Ȣʷ ŭɮƆĢȉ Ȣƨɑ ɷ ˎƆ ɷĢǣŭś ˎȢˎɑ
WňƓřňĪµ cyĨWĆƿ(cƣǤ ÃĢȐĢɷȢȐǣŊɫɷ ɮƆɀǵĢŊƆŭ ǵĢɷʙ ˔ƆĢɮɫɷ ĻɮǣǵǵǣĢȐʙǵ˔ ĢŊŊȢȉɀǵǣɷǘƆŭ \Ýưˤ ˎǣʙǘ ʙǘƆ \Ýʋˤ ĢȐŭ LJʷƆɷɷ ˎǘĢʙɡ pʙɫɷ ĻɮǣǵǵǣĢȐʙǵ˔ ĢŊŊȢȉɀǵǣɷǘƆŭɑ ʷʙ ʙǘǣɷ ʙǣȉƆ ĢɮȢʷȐŭ ǣʙɫɷ ƆˍƆȐ ĻƆʙʙƆɮ ȢȐǵǣȐƆŞ ƆˍƆȐ ĻƆʙʙƆɮ ǣȐ ʞ1Ş ǘĢɷ ĢȐ ƆˍƆȐ ĻƆʙʙƆɮ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵ Ģɀɀ ĢȐŭ ǣɷ ƆˍƆȐ ĻƆʙʙƆɮ ˍĢǵʷƆɑ ¨ʷʙɷʙĢȐŭǣȐLJɑ
WĤĪĹĪųƓ üüW'?ÛǤǤÛ ÃǣŊʙʷɮƆǝˎǣɷƆ ʙǘǣɷ Ãǘǣǵǣɀɷ @1 ɷƆʙ ǣɷ ȐƆĢɮǵ˔ ʙǘƆ ƆɠʷĢǵ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ĻɮǣǵǵǣĢȐʙ ÃĢȐĢɷȢȐǣŊ Ģʙ ȢȬŞ ˎǘǣŊǘ ǣɷ ǘǣLJǘ ɀɮĢǣɷƆ ǣȐŭƆƆŭɑ pʙ ŊĢȐɫʙ ɠʷǣʙƆ ȉĢʙŊǘ ǣʙ ƨȢɮ ɷȉĢɮʙ ŊȢȐʙƆȐʙŞ Ļʷʙ ǣʙ ŭȢƆɷ ǘĢˍƆ Ɔʙƨǵǣ˓ ĢȐŭ ǣÃǵĢ˔ƆɮŞ ɀǵʷɷ Ģ ˍƆɮ˔ ɷɀƆŊǣĢǵ ɷDzǣǵǵ Ģǵǵ Ȣƨ ǣʙɷ ȢˎȐ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ǣȉȉƆɮɷǣˍƆ ȉĻǣǵǣLJǘʙɑ
]ŃƓdžňď hĆƣ'ƜǤǤǤ ÝǘƆ Zʁˤˤˤ ȉǣLJǘʙ ǰʷɷʙ ĻƆ ʙǘƆ ɷˎƆƆʙƆɷʙ ɷɀȢʙ ǣȐ ÑĢȉɷʷȐLJɫɷ ʭˤȬʞ ɮĢȐLJƆ ƚ ʙǘƆ ɷĢȉƆ ɷɀƆŊʙĢŊʷǵĢɮ ɀƆɮƨȢɮȉĢȐŊƆ Ģɷ ʙǘƆ ZƎˤˤˤ ɷƆɮǣƆɷ Ļʷʙ ˎǣʙǘȢʷʙ ʙǘƆ ɷǘȢˎǝȢƨƨ ŭƆɷǣLJȐ ĢȐŭ ɠʷǣʙƆ Ģ Ļǣʙ ǵƆɷɷ Ɔ˓ɀƆȐɷǣˍƆɑ \ɮƆĢʙ ɀǣŊʙʷɮƆ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ ĢȐŭ ɷǵǣŊDz ȢȐǵǣȐƆ ƨʷȐŊʙǣȢȐĢǵǣʙ˔ ǣȐ ȢȐƆ ĻȢ˓ɑ
]řňǙ =?ĨƵƿtƣüĆ 1ȢȐɫʙ ƨĢȐŊ˔ Ģ ưưǣȐ ĻƆǘƆȉȢʙǘ ŭȢȉǣȐĢʙǣȐLJ ˔Ȣʷɮ ǵǣˍǣȐLJ ɮȢȢȉɡ Ýǘǣɷ ʞʭǝǣȐŊǘƆɮ ɷɠʷƆƆˠƆɷ ǣȐ Ģ ɀǣȐǝɷǘĢɮɀ ƨʷǵǵ h1 ɀǣŊʙʷɮƆŞ ǣȐʙƆLJɮĢʙƆŭ ĄǣǝZǣ ĢȐŭ ZɮƆƆˍǣƆˎ h1Ş ɀǵʷɷ ʙǘƆ ɮǣŊǘƆɷ Ȣƨ ÑȢȐ˔ɫɷ ɷȉĢɮʙ ÝĂ ɀȢɮʙĢǵɑ Ȑŭ Ģʙ ʙǘǣɷ ɀɮǣŊƆŞ ˔Ȣʷ ŊȢʷǵŭ Ļʷ˔ ȢȐƆ ƨȢɮ ƆˍƆɮ˔ ɮȢȢȉ ǣȐ ˔Ȣʷɮ ǘȢʷɷƆɑ
ňď KĹdžïƓÓň ÓřsĪƓĪřň ţţ ZǣˍƆ LJɮĢȐŭ ƨȢɮ Ģ ƼˤǣȐ ÝĂ ȉǣLJǘʙ ɷƆƆȉ Ģ ʙɮǣƨǵƆ ɷʙƆƆɀŞ Ļʷʙ ǣƨ ʙǘĢʙɫɷ ɷȉĢǵǵ ŊǘĢȐLJƆ ʙȢ ˔Ȣʷ ʙǘƆ ƆȢĂǣɷǣȢȐ ȬȬ ǣɷ Ģ ǵʷ˓ʷɮǣȢʷɷ ŭƆǵǣLJǘʙ Ȣƨ ŭƆɷǣLJȐ ĢȐŭ ȬˤƎˤɀ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ɑ pʙ ĢǵɷȢ ɷȢʷȐŭɷ ĻƆʙʙƆɮ ʙǘĢȐ ĢȐ˔ ÝĂ ˎƆɫˍƆ ƆˍƆɮ ʷɷƆŭŞ ĢȐŭ ǘĢɷ Ģ ĻʷǣǵʙǝǣȐ ɷʷɮɮȢʷȐŭ ɀɮȢŊƆɷɷȢɮ ƨȢɮ ĢŭŭǣȐLJ ưɑȬɑ
WňƓřňĪµ cyĨWüǤyƣǤ ˔ ʙǘƆ ɷʙĢȐŭĢɮŭɷ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ȢʙǘƆɮ ÝĂɷ ǣȐ ʙǘǣɷ ǵǣɷʙ ʙǘƆ ưˤĎʋˤ ǵȢȢDzɷ Ģ Ļǣʙ ɀȢˍƆɮʙ˔ǝɷʙɮǣŊDzƆȐś ɪȢȐǵ˔ɫ ʁʭˤɀ ɮƆɷȢǵʷʙǣȢȐŞ ǵĢɷʙ ˔ƆĢɮɫɷ ŭƆɷǣLJȐ ǵĢȐLJʷĢLJƆ ĢȐŭ ȢʙǘƆɮ ɷɀƆŊ ɷǘȢɮʙŊȢȉǣȐLJɷ ĻƆɷǣŭƆɷɑ ʷʙ ʙǘƆȐ ĢLJĢǣȐ ƚ ǣʙɫɷ ʖưˤˤ ƨȢɮ Ģ ưˤǣȐ ÝĂ ʙǘĢʙ ɀƆɮƨȢɮȉɷ ĢŭȉǣɮĢĻǵ˔ɑ ĢɮLJĢǣȐɑ
]ŃƓdžňď hüü'ÛǤǤǤ ĐƆɀŞ ʙǘƆ ZƎˤˤˤ ǘĢɷ ǰʷɷʙ ʙĢDzƆȐ ȢȐƆ ǘƆǵǵ Ȣƨ Ģ ƨĢǵǵ ƨɮȢȉ ǣʙɷ ɀɮƆˍǣȢʷɷ ɀȢɷǣʙǣȢȐ Ģʙ ʙǘƆ ʙȢɀ Ȣƨ ʙǘǣɷ ʙɮƆƆɑ hĢɷ ǣʙ ɷʷŭŭƆȐǵ˔ LJȢʙ ˎȢɮɷƆɡ Ȣɑ ʷʙ ȐȢˎ ʙǘĢʙ ǣʙɫɷ ĻƆƆȐ ʙƆɷʙƆŭ ĢLJĢǣȐɷʙ ȢʙǘƆɮ ʭˤȬʞ ɷƆʙɷŞ ǣʙɷ ɀǣŊʙʷɮƆ ƨǵĢˎɷ ĢɮƆ ȉȢɮƆ ĢɀɀĢɮƆȐʙɑ pƨ ȐȢʙ ƨȢɮ ǣʙɷ ɀɮǣŊƆ ǣʙɫŭ ĻƆ ǘǣLJǘƆɮŞ ʙǘȢʷLJǘɑ
?( üü?ÛƣǤt ZɮȢȉ ǣʙɷ ɷʷɀƆɮǝɷǵǣȉŞ ȐƆĢɮ ĻƆˠƆǵǝǵƆɷɷ ŭƆɷǣLJȐ ʙȢ ǣʙɷ Ɔ˓ŊƆǵǵƆȐʙ ɀǣŊʙʷɮƆ ĢȐŭ ŊǵƆˍƆɮŞ Ģɀɀǝ ɷʙʷƨƨƆŭ ɷȉĢɮʙ ÝĂ ǘʷĻŞ ʙǘƆ ƎʋˤĄ ŭȢƆɷ ȉĢȐ˔ ʙǘǣȐLJɷ ɮǣLJǘʙɑ ÝǘƆȐ ĢLJĢǣȐŞ ǣʙ ŊȢɷʙɷ ʙˎȢ LJɮĢȐŭŞ ɷȢ ǣʙ ŭĢȉȐ ˎƆǵǵ ɷǘȢʷǵŭ ŭȢɑ pƨ ˔ȢʷɫˍƆ LJȢʙ ŭƆƆɀ ɀȢŊDzƆʙɷŞ ˔Ȣʷ ŊȢʷǵŭ ŭȢ Ģ ǵȢʙ ˎȢɮɷƆɑ
WňƓřňĪµ cyĨ?üǤcƣǤ ìȐǵǣDzƆ ʙǘƆ ÃĢȐĢɷȢȐǣŊ Ģʙ ȢȬ ʙǘǣɷ ǣɷ ĢȐ @1 1 ɮĢʙǘƆɮ ʙǘĢȐ ɀǵĢɷȉĢŞ Ļʷʙ ǣʙ ȉĢǣȐʙĢǣȐɷ ʙǘƆ ĢɀĢȐƆɷƆ LJǣĢȐʙɫɷ ɮƆɀ ƨȢɮ LJɮƆĢʙ ɀǣŊʙʷɮƆ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ɑ ĄǘĢʙɫɷ ȉȢɮƆŞ ʙǘƆ ĻȢɮǣȐLJ Ȣǵŭ ǣȐʙƆɮƨĢŊƆ ǘĢɷ ĻƆƆȐ ɮƆɀǵĢŊƆŭ ˎǣʙǘ ƨɮƆɷǘ ȉƆȐʷɷ ʙǘĢʙ ȉĢDzƆ ɷȉĢɮʙ ÝĂ ȐǣŊƆɮ ʙȢ ǵȢȢDz Ģʙɑ
cĤÓ ųĹƓŃĨƓµƌÓÓňÓÆ WňƓřňĪµ scƣü ĪƓ Ɠř ďřřÆ ƯĤƯ Ǚřdž ǓřňƉƯ ¤ÓĹĪÓǒÓ ǓĤƯ ǙřdžƉƌÓ ƓÓÓĪňďź KdžƯƓƯňÆĪňď
ƭţŎĆǤ +++++ ƭţǤüǤ +++++ ƭƿĆǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ WYccz ?0(-c] KF zKhY t??
ƭţƣǤǤ +++++ ƭƵÛü +++++
_e (L[ ]E??ĩ]YF ]EYcF]]
ƭĆŎŎü +++++ ƭĆüǤ ++++,
_e (L[ 0(ĩ]YF KF h(c
ƭƿĆǤǤ ++++,
_e (L[ ']c0F( KF ]EYc cs
ƭţƜüǤ ++++, ƭţǤǤǤ ++++,
'KY c- 'h?? Ys0t] F KhY cs hz0F( (h0Â Fs0(c cK tttź]ch''źcsƫcKWĩţǤ]ƫcs]
e e_ [ GG v1
0F ] zKh E0]]źź WKYc? ]W=Y]
ǘĢɮLJƆ
ʖȬʭˤ ʓ ǰĻǵɑŊȢȉ pƨ ʙǘƆ 1ƆĢʙǘ ÑʙĢɮ ǘĢŭ ǵʷƆʙȢȢʙǘ ɷɀƆĢDzƆɮɷŞ ʙǘƆ˔ɫŭ ǵȢȢDz ǵǣDzƆ ʙǘǣɷɑ ÝǘƆ ǘĢɮLJƆ ǣɷ ǵǣLJǘʙ ȢȐ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷ Ļʷʙ ˍƆɮɷĢʙǣǵƆ ǣȐ ʷɷƆŞ ˎȢɮDzǣȐLJ ɷʙȢȢŭ ʷɀ Ȣɮ ǵĢǣŭ ƨǵĢʙ ĢȐŭ ĢĻǵƆ ʙȢ ìÑǝŊǘĢɮLJƆ ŭƆˍǣŊƆɷ Ģɷ ʙǘƆ˔ ɀǵĢ˔ɑ ĐȢʷɫǵǵ ɷʙɮʷLJLJǵƆ ʙȢ ĻƆǵǣƆˍƆ ɷȢȉƆʙǘǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ ɷǣˠƆ Ȣƨ Ģ ĻƆƆɮ ŊĢȐ ŊĢȐ ɀɮȢŭʷŊƆ ɷʷŊǘ Ģ ĻǣLJ ɷȢʷȐŭɑ +++++
Ãǘǣǵǣɀɷ ZǣŭƆǵǣȢ Ãȕ
ʖʭƼˤ ʓ ɀǘǣǵǣɀɷɑŊȢɑʷDz Ýǘǣɷ ɷƆɮǣȢʷɷǵ˔ ɷȉĢɮʙǝǵȢȢDzǣȐLJ ɀǣƆŊƆ Ȣƨ Dzǣʙ ƚ ǵƆĢʙǘƆɮ ŊȢˍƆɮŞ ĢȐȢŭǣɷƆŭ ĢǵʷȉǣȐǣʷȉ LJɮǣǵǵƆŞ ˎȢȢŭƆȐ ƨɮĢȉƆ ƚ ǵȢȢDzɷ Ģɷ ǵʷ˓ʷɮǣȢʷɷ Ģɷ ǣʙɷ ɀɮǣŊƆǝʙĢLJ ɷʷLJLJƆɷʙɷɑ ʷʙ ʙǘǣɷ ìÑǝ ŊǘĢɮLJǣȐLJ ɷɀƆĢDzƆɮ ɷȢʷȐŭɷ ʙǘƆ ɀĢɮʙ ʙȢȢɑ Ýɮ˔ ʙǘƆ ʖʭˤˤ ÃƎ ƨȢɮ Ģ ŊǘƆĢɀƆɮŞ ǵǣLJǘʙƆɮ ĢǵʙƆɮȐĢʙǣˍƆɑ +++++
ɮĢˍƆȐ ÇĂǝȬ
ʖȬưˤ ʓ ĻɮĢˍƆȐɑƆʷ Ýǘǣɷ ʙȢʷLJǘ ȉʷʙǘĢ ŊĢȐ ǘĢȐŭǵƆ ĢȐ˔ DzȐȢŊDzɷ ǵǣƨƆ ʙǘɮȢˎɷ Ģʙ ǣʙɑ ÑɀǵĢɷǘǝ ĢȐŭ ɷǘȢŊDzǝɮƆɷǣɷʙĢȐʙŞ ʙǘƆ ÇĂǝȬ ǣɷ ǰʷɷʙ ʙǘƆ ʙǘǣȐLJ ƨȢɮ Ģ ˎƆƆDzƆȐŭ Ȣƨ ĢŭˍƆȐʙʷɮȢʷɷ ƨʷȐɑ pʙ ŊĢȐ ŊǘĢɮLJƆ LJĢŭLJƆʙɷ ˍǣĢ ìÑ ĢȐŭ ǘĢɷ Ģ ȬʭǝǘȢʷɮ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ ǵǣƨƆ ɀǵʷɷ Ģ ŭƆŊƆȐʙ ɂĢǵĻƆǣʙ ɠʷǣƆʙɈ ɷȢʷȐŭɑ ʙĢŭ ȢˍƆɮǝɀɮǣŊƆŭŞ ȉǣȐŭɑ ++++,
ÑȢȐ˔ ÑÇÑǝÝƎ
ʖʋˤ ʓ ɷȢȐ˔ɑŊȢɑʷDz pʙɭɷ ȐȢʙ ǰʷɷʙ ʙǘƆ ɷʙɮǣDzǣȐLJ ɨɷȢȐǣŊ ǘĢȐŭĻĢLJɩ ǵȢȢDzɷ ʙǘĢʙ ȉĢDzƆ ʙǘǣɷ ɷɀƆĢDzƆɮ ɷʙĢȐŭ Ȣʷʙ ƨɮȢȉ ʙǘƆ ŊɮȢˎŭʀ ǣʙɫɷ ʙǘƆ ȢȐǵ˔ Z ǝʙȢʙǣȐLJ ŭƆˍǣŊƆ ǘƆɮƆɑ ¨Ȑ ʙȢɀ Ȣƨ ʙǘĢʙŞ ǣʙɫǵǵ ɀĢɮʙ˔ ȢȐ ƨȢɮ ɨʷɀ ʙȢ ʭˤ ǘȢʷɮɷɩ ĢȐŭ ǘĢɷ ĢȐ ǣȉɀɮƆɷɷǣˍƆǵ˔ ˎƆǣLJǘʙ˔Ş ŭƆʙĢǣǵƆŭ ɷȢʷȐŭ LJǣˍƆȐ ǣʙɫɷ ĢǵɷȢ ʙǘƆ ǵƆĢɷʙ Ɔ˓ɀƆȐɷǣˍƆɑ +++++
cKW c-Y] ]c K' c- Y]c
ţƵƣ
-KE KEWhcY] -K
e jY
e .L | j
ţ ƿ Ƶ
ųųĹÓ ĪEµ ÝǘƆ ǵĢʙƆɷʙ ǣĢŊ ǣɷ ʙǘǣȐȐƆɮ ĢȐŭ ȉȢɮƆ ɀȢˎƆɮƨʷǵ ʙǘĢȐ ƆˍƆɮś ȢɮƆ ǣư Ȣɮ ǣʁ pˍ˔ ɮǣŭLJƆ ĢȐŭ Ģʙ ǵƆĢɷʙ Ǝ\ Ç ɮʷȐȐǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ ȐȢȐƆǝȉȢɮƆǝƆǵƆLJĢȐʙ ¨Ñ Ď ȢʷȐʙĢǣȐ ǣȢȐɑ ɀɀǵƆ ǘĢɷ ˔Ɔʙ ʙȢ ƆȉĻɮĢŊƆ ʙȢʷŊǘɷŊɮƆƆȐ ʙƆŊǘŞ ĢǵʙǘȢʷLJǘ Ģ ȐƆˎ ÇƆʙǣȐĢǝɷŊɮƆƆȐƆŭ ǣĢŊ ǣɷ ɮʷȉȢʷɮƆŭɑ
ĹĪÓňǓƌÓ yüţ Ýǘǣɷ Ã ǣɷ Ģɷ ǘĢɀɀ˔ ɷĢʙ Ļ˔ Ģ ÝĂ Ģɷ ǣʙ ǣɷ ʷȐŭƆɮ Ģ ŭƆɷDzɑ pʙɫɷ ʙǘƆ ɷǣˠƆ Ȣƨ ĢȐ ĎĻȢ˓ ʞʋˤ Ļʷʙ ǣʙ ɮʷȐɷ Ģ ˎǘȢǵƆ ǵȢʙ ƨĢɷʙƆɮ ƚ ĢȐŭ ǣɷ ˎǘǣɷɀƆɮǝɠʷǣƆʙɑ Ąǣʙǘ Ģ ȢɮƆ ǣư pˍ˔ ɮǣŭLJƆ ɀɮȢŊƆɷɷȢɮŞ Ǝ\ Ȣƨ Ç ĢȐŭ ʙǘƆ ȐƆˎ Ȭ\ ˍǣŭǣĢ \ÝĎ ʋʋˤ LJɮĢɀǘǣŊɷ ŊĢɮŭŞ ǣʙɫɷ LJȢʙ ȉȢɮƆ ˎƆǵǵ˔ ʙǘĢȐ ƆˍƆɮɑ
Īňř W EĪňĪ ƌňĪǒřƌÓ -cW ʙ ʙǘƆ ɷǣˠƆ Ȣƨ Ģ ˔ƆĢɮɫɷ ˎȢɮʙǘ Ȣƨ ÑʙʷƨƨɷŞ ʙǘƆ 1ǣȐȢ ǣɷ ǵȢʷȐLJƆǝƨɮǣƆȐŭǵ˔ ǣȐŭƆƆŭŞ ˎǘǣǵƆ ǵʷǝɮĢ˔Ş ȐƆĢɮǝɷǣǵƆȐʙ ȢɀƆɮĢʙǣȢȐŞ ǵȢˎ ɀȢˎƆɮ ʷɀʙĢDzƆ ĢȐŭ ĎĻȢ˓ǝɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ LJĢȉǣȐLJ ĻƆǵǣƆ ǣʙɷ ŭǣȉǣȐʷʙǣˍƆ ɷǣˠƆɑ ŭŭǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ ȢɀʙǣȢȐĢǵ pȐʙƆǵ ȢɮƆ ǣʁ ʞʁʁˤ ɀɮȢŊƆɷɷȢɮ ɂʖưưɈ ˎǣǵǵ LJǣˍƆ ʙǘǣɷ 1ǣȐȢ Ɔ˓ʙɮĢ ɮȢĢɮɑ
ïƌřŃ ƭţǤüǤ +++++
_e (L[ ??ĩYKhF Y0??0F
ïƌřŃ ƭƣǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ -YKY (EY]
ïƌřŃ ƭĆƜǤ +++++
_e (L[ KEWc WKtY
ïƌřŃ ƭƿƿǤ +++++
_e (L[ cKc? cY''0 =FKt?(
ƭïƌÓÓ +++++
_e (L[ h(c cYs??Y]
ƭƿƿǤ +++++
_e (L[ cYs??0F( t0c- ]cz?
ƭĆƿǤ +++++
_e (L[ cKWĩXh?0cz -KE EKs0]
ƭƿǤǤ +++++
_e (L[ c0KFĩ;hF=0 '0?EĩE=Y]
ƭţƿüǤ +++++
_e (L[ ]Y0Kh] ]-KKcY]
]cĩFs e .L | j
ţ ƿ Ƶ
cřŃcřŃ (K ?0s ţǤǤü Ąǣʙǘ Ģ ɷɀĢŊǣȢʷɷ ưǣȐ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ĢȐŭ ŊǵƆˍƆɮ ɮȢʷʙƆ ŊĢǵŊʷǵĢʙǣȢȐŞ ʙǘƆ Ȭˤˤư ǣɷ Ȣʷɮ ƨĢˍƆ ɷĢʙǝȐĢˍ ˔Ɔʙɑ ĐƆɷŞ ʙǘƆɮƆɫɷ ĢȐ ĢŭŭƆŭ ŊȢɷʙŞ Ļʷʙ ˔Ȣʷ LJƆʙ Ģ ƨɮƆƆ ˔ƆĢɮ Ȣƨ ǣˍƆ ɷƆɮˍǣŊƆɷɑ ȢȢDz ƨȢɮ ŭǣɷŊȢʷȐʙɷ Ģɷ Ģ \¨ ɷƆɮǣƆɷ ɮƆƨɮƆɷǘ ǣɷ ȢȐ ǣʙɷ ˎĢ˔ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ȐƆˎ ǵȢȢDzŞ ĢǵǵǝȐƆˎ ìp ĢȐŭ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ȢɀʙǣȢȐɷ ʷɀ ʙȢ ʋǣȐɑ
(řřďĹÓ EųƓ FǒĪďƯĪřň ɀɀǵƆɫɷ Ģɀɷ Ģɀɀ ƨȢɮ ǣ¨Ñʋ ɮƆȉĢǣȐɷ ɀɮƆʙʙ˔Ş Ļʷʙ ƨǵĢˎƆŭɑ Ąǣʙǘ \ȢȢLJǵƆ Ģˍ ȐȢˎ ĻĢŊDz ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ǣÝʷȐƆɷ ÑʙȢɮƆŞ ʙǘƆɮƆ ɮƆĢǵǵ˔ ǣɷ ȢȐƆ ɷȢǵǣŭ ŊǘȢǣŊƆ ƨȢɮ ĻȢʙǘ ǣ¨Ñ ĢȐŭ ȐŭɮȢǣŭ ʷɷƆɮɷ ĢȐŭ ʙǘǣɷ ǣɷ ǣʙɑ ÑʙɮƆƆʙ ĂǣƆˎŞ ĢŊŊʷɮĢʙƆ ɀʷĻǵǣŊ ʙɮĢȐɷɀȢɮʙ ǣȐƨȢŞ Ŋ˔ŊǵƆ ȉĢɀɷ ĢȐŭ ŭƆŊƆȐʙ ʙɮĢƨƨǣŊ ˎĢɮȐǣȐLJɷɑ ǣȐLJȢɑ
(ƌŃĪň ňNJǒĪ ƵĆŎǤ?Ec ʷɷʙ Ģɷ ˎƆ ˎƆȐʙ ʙȢ ɀɮƆɷɷŞ \ĢɮȉǣȐ ʷȐˍƆǣǵƆŭ ǣʙɷ ȐƆˎ ɮĢȐLJƆɑ 1ǝĻĢɷƆŭ ŭǣLJǣʙĢǵ ʙɮĢƨƨǣŊ ǣȐƨȢ ŊǵĢǣȉɷ ʙȢ ĻƆĢʙ Ý ǣȐʙȢ Ģ ŊȢŊDzƆŭ ˎǘƆƆǵʙɮǣȉ Ļ˔ ĻƆǣȐLJ ʷɀŭĢʙƆŭ ƆˍƆɮ˔ ȉǣȐʷʙƆ ƚ ĢȐŭ ȐȢ ȐƆƆŭ ƨȢɮ Ģ ǵǣˍƆ ɷƆɮˍǣŊƆɷ ɷʷĻɷŊɮǣɀʙǣȢȐɑ pȐʙɮǣLJʷǣȐLJɑ ÝǘƆ˔ɫɮƆ Ģʙ hĢǵƨȢɮŭɷ ȐȢˎʀ ʙƆɷʙ ŊȢȉǣȐLJɑ
EKYY]
v G
e .L | j
ţ ƿ Ƶ
]řňǙ -YĨyĆţǤs ¨ʷɮ ŊǘȢǣŊƆ ƨȢɮ ƨʷǵǵǝƨĢʙ ƨǣǵȉǣȐLJ Ģʙ ȐȢȐǝɀɮȢƨƆɷɷǣȢȐĢǵ ɀɮǣŊƆɷŞ ʙǘƆ ÑȢȐ˔ ɮƆŊȢɮŭɷ ɮĢˠȢɮǝɷǘĢɮɀ ƨȢȢʙĢLJƆ Ģʙ Ģ ÝĂǝɷʙ˔ǵƆ ưˤƨɀɷŞ ǘĢɷ Ģ ȉȢȐɷʙƆɮ ưư˓ ˠȢȢȉŞ Ģ ʙǘɮƆƆǝǘȢʷɮ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ ĢȐŭ ǣȉĢLJƆ ɷʙĢĻǣǵǣɷĢʙǣȢȐ ʙǘĢʙ ǵƆʙɷ ˔Ȣʷ ɮʷȐ ĢȐŭ ɷǘȢȢʙ ǘĢȐŭǘƆǵŭ ɷǣȉʷǵʙĢȐƆȢʷɷǵ˔ɑ ʷɷʙ ŭȢȐɫʙ ʙɮǣɀ ʷɀɑ
(řWƌř -ÓƌřƵ ]ĪĹǒÓƌ ÆĪƯĪřň ÝǘǣȐȐƆɮŞ ǵǣLJǘʙƆɮ ĢȐŭ ȉȢɮƆ ƨƆĢʙʷɮƆǝǵĢŭƆȐ ʙǘĢȐ ƆˍƆɮŞ ʙǘƆ ɮʷLJLJƆŭ hƆɮȢʞ ŭȢƆɷȐɫʙ ŭǣɷĢɀɀȢǣȐʙŞ ɷǘȢȢʙǣȐLJ ƨĢȐʙĢɷʙǣŊ ˎǣŭƆǝĢȐLJǵƆ ȬˤƎˤɀĸʞˤƨɀɷ ĢȐŭ ȬȬÃ ɷȐĢɀɷɑ ǵʙƆɮȐĢʙǣˍƆǵ˔Ş Ɔ˓ʙɮƆȉƆ ˍǣŭƆȢLJɮĢɀǘƆɮɷ ĢƨʙƆɮ Ƽ ƨȢȢʙĢLJƆ Ȣɮ ʁʭˤɀĸȬʭˤƨɀɷ ȉǣLJǘʙ ɀɮƆƨƆɮ ʙǘƆ ǵĢŊDz @ŭǣʙǣȢȐ ɂʖʭƎưɈɑ
ňřň yţǤ ĢȐȢȐɫɷ ʷǵʙɮĢǝŊȢȉɀĢŊʙ ĎȬˤ ǘĢȐŭǵƆɷ ƨǣȐƆ ŭƆʙĢǣǵ ɷʷɀƆɮĻǵ˔ ŭʷƆ ʙȢ ǣʙɷ ƨʓȬɑƎ ǵƆȐɷ ĢȐŭ ʭɑʞʁÃ Ŋǘǣɀɑ pʙ ȉǣLJǘʙ ȐȢʙ ǵȢȢDz ĻǣLJ ƆȐȢʷLJǘ ʙȢ ɀǵĢ˔ ˎǣʙǘ ʙǘƆ ĻǣLJ ĻȢ˔ɷŞ Ļʷʙ ʙˎǣȐ ĎÇ ǣȐɀʷʙɷ ȢȐ ǣʙɷ ŭƆʙĢŊǘĢĻǵƆ ǘĢȐŭǵƆ LJǣˍƆ ˎȢʷǵŭǝĻƆ ƨǣǵȉȉĢDzƆɮɷ ɀɮȢƨƆɷɷǣȢȐĢǵ ɀɮȢˎƆɷɷ ɷʙɮĢǣLJǘʙ Ȣʷʙ ʙǘƆ ĻȢ˓ɑ
'KY c- 'h?? Ys0t] 0F - c(KYz F KhY hz0F( (h0]Â s0]0c tttź]ch''źcsƫcKWĩţǤ]
Y@j) 1GeL _ej((ŋ_ _L1@ GevL[> ŤƂøŤŤÆŎļ§ģĔŠŖŤűÚÚŤƁ
(E] ţƵƜ e .L | j
ţ
cĤÓ ?ƓƯ Kï hƓ W]Ƶ
ĐȢʷ ȉǣLJǘʙ ʙǘǣȐDz ʙǘƆɮƆɫɷ ȐȢ ǵǣƨƆ ǵƆƨʙ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ɷȢȢȐǝʙȢǝĻƆǝȢĻɷȢǵƆʙƆ ÃǵĢ˔ÑʙĢʙǣȢȐ ʞɑ Ȑŭ ˔Ȣʷ ȉǣLJǘʙ ʙǘǣȐDz ʙǘƆ ˠȢȉĻǣƆǝLJĢȉƆ LJƆȐɮƆ ǘĢɷ ɮƆĢŊǘƆŭ ɷĢʙʷɮĢʙǣȢȐ ɀȢǣȐʙŞ LJǣˍƆȐ ʙǘƆ Ȭʞʁ ʷȐŭƆĢŭǝʙǘƆȉƆŭ ɮƆǵƆĢɷƆɷ ʙǘǣɷ ˔ƆĢɮɑ ʷʙ ˔Ȣʷɫŭ ĻƆ ˎɮȢȐLJ ȢȐ ĻȢʙǘ ŊȢʷȐʙɷɑ \ǵȢɮǣȢʷɷǵ˔Ş ʙǘɮǣǵǵǣȐLJǵ˔Ş ȐƆɮˍƆǝɷǘɮƆŭŭǣȐLJǵ˔ ˎɮȢȐLJɑ Ąǣʙǘ ǣʙɷ ŊȢȉɀƆǵǵǣȐLJ ɷʙȢɮ˔Ş ˎȢȐŭƆɮƨʷǵ ĢŊʙǣȐLJ ĢȐŭ ɷʷɀƆɮĻ LJĢȉƆɀǵĢ˔Ş ɷɀƆȐŭǣȐLJ Ģ ƨƆˎ ǘȢʷɮɷ ˎǣʙǘ ÝǘƆ Ģɷʙ ¨ƨ ìɷ ǣɷ ǵǣDzƆ ǘĢˍǣȐLJ Ģ ƨǣȐĢǵ ƨǵǣȐLJ ˎǣʙǘ ĢȐ Ȣǵŭ ƨǵĢȉƆɑ ĐȢʷ DzȐȢˎ ʙǘƆɮƆɫɷ ȐȢ ƨʷʙʷɮƆ ǣȐ ǣʙɑ ʷʙ ǣʙɫɷ ȉĢLJȐǣƨǣŊƆȐʙ ˎǘǣǵƆ ǣʙ ǵĢɷʙɷɑ
]ch'' ]z] µųƯĪǒƯĪňď ƯÓƌƌĪïǙĪňď ƯƌĪdžŃųĤ ïƌřŃ ƓƯƌƯ Ưř ûňĪƓĤ cĽÓ ?ƬLj Kù hƬ ĪƓ Ɠ ďřřÆ Ɠ µdžƌƌÓňƯĨďÓň ďŃĪňď ďÓƯƓ
+++++
ƿ
cřѤ YĪÆÓƌ WƪW]Ƶƪy¤řǘ ƵƣǤ ĐƆɷŞ ǣʙɫɷ Ģ ZɮĢȐŊǘǣɷƆ ÇƆĻȢȢʙŞ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆ ˎƆǵǵǝɀĢŊƆŭ ȉǣ˓ʙʷɮƆ Ȣƨ ɀʷˠˠǵƆɷŞ ĢŊʙǣȢȐ ɷƆɠʷƆȐŊƆɷŞ LJʷȐ ƨǣLJǘʙɷ ĢȐŭ ɷʙƆĢǵʙǘ ȉĢDzƆ ʙǘƆ ǵĢʙƆɷʙ ĢɮĢ ɮȢƨʙ ĢŭˍƆȐʙʷɮƆ ĢȐ ǣȉȉƆɮɷǣˍƆŞ ŊǣȐƆȉĢʙǣŊ Ɔ˓ɀƆɮǣƆȐŊƆɑ ÃȢɷɷǣĻǵ˔ ʙǘƆ ĻƆɷʙ ƨʷȐ ˎƆɫˍƆ ƆˍƆɮ ǘĢŭ ɀɮƆʙƆȐŭǣȐLJ ʙȢ ĻƆ Ģ ʭȬǝ˔ƆĢɮǝȢǵŭ LJǣɮǵɑ
+++++
Ƶ
ĪřƓĤřµĶ 0ňïĪňĪƯÓ WƪW]Ƶƪy¤řǘ ƵƣǤ ZɮȢȉ ǣʙɷ ĢŊǘǣȐLJǵ˔ LJȢɮLJƆȢʷɷ ɷƆʙʙǣȐLJ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ ɷDzǣƆɷ ʙȢ Ģ ɷʷɀƆɮǝǣȐʙƆǵǵǣLJƆȐʙ ɷʙȢɮ˔ ʙǘĢʙ ʙĢŊDzǵƆɷ ɮƆǵǣLJǣȢȐŞ ɮĢŊǣɷȉ ĢȐŭ ȉƆʙĢɀǘ˔ɷǣŊɷŞ pȐƨǣȐǣʙƆ ǣɷ ĢȐ ǣȐȐȢˍĢʙǣˍƆ ʙȢʷɮ ŭƆ ƨȢɮŊƆɑ ȢȐƆ Ȣƨ ʙǘĢʙ ˎȢʷǵŭ ȉĢʙʙƆɮ ǣƨ ʙǘƆ LJĢȉƆɀǵĢ˔ ǵĢLJLJƆŭ ƚ Ļʷʙ ǣʙ ĻĢɮƆǵ˔ ɀʷʙɷ Ģ ƨȢȢʙ ˎɮȢȐLJ ƆǣʙǘƆɮɑ ÑʙʷȐȐǣȐLJɑ
+++++
_e (L[ E0FĩF0F( ]cKYz?0F]
+++++
_e (L[ KWFĩtKY? sFchY0F(
+++++
_e (L[ -K??ztKKĩ ]? s0]h?]
Ć ü ƣ Ɯ Û Ŏ ţǤ
'ƌ ƌǙ Ƶ WƪW]Ƶƪy¤řǘ ƵƣǤ pȐŊɮƆŭǣĻǵ˔Ş ìĻǣɷȢƨʙ ǘĢɷ ʙĢDzƆȐ ʙǘƆ ɪɮǣŊǘ ˎǘǣʙƆ ʙȢʷɮǣɷʙ LJȢƆɷ ʙȢ ˎĢɮ ȢȐ ʙǘǣɮŭǝˎȢɮǵŭ ǣɷǵĢȐŭƆɮɷɫ ɀɮƆȉǣɷƆ ĢȐŭ ʙʷɮȐƆŭ ǣʙ ǣȐʙȢ ĢȐ ƆȐǰȢ˔ĢĻǵƆŞ ȢɀƆȐǝˎȢɮǵŭ ĢŭˍƆȐʙʷɮƆɑ ÝȢȢ ɷƆɮǣȢʷɷ ƨȢɮ ˔Ȣʷɡ Ýɮ˔ ɫƎˤɷ Ŋ˔ĻȢɮLJ ɷɀǣȐǝȢƨƨ ǵȢȢŭ 1ɮĢLJȢȐ ɂƨɮȢȉ ʖȬˤɑʭˤŞ Ã Ş ÃÑʞŞ ĎĻȢ˓Ɉɑ pʙɫɷ ȉĢŭ Ļʷʙ ĻɮǣǵǵǣĢȐʙɑ
ĪƓĤřňřƌÓÆ WƪW]Ƶƪy¤řǘ ƵƣǤ Ýǘǣɷ ˎǘĢǵƆǝȢǣǵǝƨʷƆǵǵƆŭ ɷʙƆĢȉɀʷȐDz ĢŭˍƆȐʙʷɮƆ ǣɷ 1Ɔʷɷ @˓ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ŊɮȢɷɷĻȢˎŞ ĢȐŭ Ģɷ ɷʷŊǘ ǣʙɫɷ Ģǵǵ ĢĻȢʷʙ ŊǘȢǣŊƆś ɪLJǘȢɷʙɫ ʙǘƆ LJĢȉƆ ˎǣʙǘȢʷʙ DzǣǵǵǣȐLJ ĢȐ˔ȢȐƆŞ LJȢ ǣȐ ɷʙĢĻĻǣȐLJ ˎǣʙǘ ˔Ȣʷɮ ɷˎȢɮŭ Ȣɮ ʷɷƆ ˔Ȣʷɮ ƆǵŭɮǣʙŊǘ ɀȢˎƆɮɷ ʙȢ ɷʷȉȉȢȐ Ģ ɷˎĢɮȉ Ȣƨ ȉĢȐǝƆĢʙǣȐLJ ɮĢʙɷɑ
ƓƓƓƓĪňƉƓ ƌÓÓÆ Ƶ WƪW]Ƶƪy¤řǘ ƵƣǤ ǘʷLJƆ LJĢȉƆ ǣȐ ƆˍƆɮ˔ ɷƆȐɷƆŞ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ˍƆɮ˔ ǵȢȐLJ ŊƆȐʙɮĢǵ ŊĢȉɀĢǣLJȐŞ Ģ ŊȢɮȐʷŊȢɀǣĢ Ȣƨ ȉǣȐǣǝ LJĢȉƆɷ ĢȐŭ ɷǣŭƆ ȉǣɷɷǣȢȐɷŞ ĢȐŭ Ģ ˍĢɷʙ ˎȢɮǵŭ ʙȢ Ɔ˓ɀǵȢɮƆɑ ZǣȐǣɷǘƆŭ Ģǵǵ ʙǘĢʙ ĢȐŭ ʙǘǣɮɷʙ˔ ƨȢɮ ȉȢɮƆɡ ÝǘƆ ƨǣȐĢǵ ɀĢɮʙ Ȣƨ 1 ʙɮǣǵȢLJ˔Ş ÝǘƆ Ý˔ɮĢȐȐ˔ Ȣƨ ǣȐLJ ĄĢɷǘǣȐLJʙȢȐŞ ǣɷ ȐȢˎ ĢˍĢǣǵĢĻǵƆɑ
+++++
'0' ţƵ WƪW]Ƶƪy¤řǘ ƵƣǤ ÝǘƆ ƨǣƆǵŭ Ȣƨ ŊǘȢǣŊƆ ƨȢɮ Ñʙʷƨƨɫɷ ȢƨƨǣŊƆ ǵƆĢLJʷƆ ŊȢȐʙǣȐʷƆɷ ʙȢ ǣȉɀɮƆɷɷɑ ÝǘƆ ʙˎƆĢDzɷ ĢɮƆ ɮƆǵĢʙǣˍƆǵ˔ ɷʷĻʙǵƆŞ Ļʷʙ Ģŭŭ ʷɀ ʙȢ Ģ ǘʷLJƆ ĢŭˍĢȐŊƆ ǣȐ ɮƆĢǵǣɷȉɑ ÝǘƆ˔ɫˍƆ ƆˍƆȐ ɷȢɮʙƆŭ Ȣʷʙ ɷȢȉƆ Ȣƨ Ȣʷɮ LJɮǣɀƆɷ ɷʷŊǘ Ģɷ p ʙƆĢȉǝȉĢʙƆɷ ɮʷȐȐǣȐLJ ȢƨƨɷǣŭƆ ˎǣʙǘ ƨɮʷɷʙɮĢʙǣȐLJ ɮƆLJʷǵĢɮǣʙ˔ɑ
+++++
_e (L[ Eh?c0W?zY cc?]
+++++
_e (L[ -YE F 0FsFc0KF
FĪ Fř =džňĪÁ tƌƯĤ řï ƯĤÓ tĤĪƯÓ tĪƯµĤ W]Ƶ @ˍƆȐ ǣƨ ˔Ȣʷ ǘĢˍƆȐɫʙ ɀǵĢ˔Ɔŭ Ģ ĢɀĢȐƆɷƆ ÇÃ\ ɷǣȐŊƆ ȬȕȕƎŞ ʙǘǣɷ ŊǘĢɮȉǣȐLJ ɷʙȢɮ˔ ǣɷ ˎȢɮʙǘ ɮƆˍǣɷǣʙǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ LJƆȐɮƆ ƨȢɮ ƚ ĢȐŭ ǣƨ ˔ȢʷɫɮƆ Ģ ƨĢȐ Ȣƨ ÑʙʷŭǣȢ \ǘǣĻǵǣ ĢȐǣȉĢʙǣȢȐŞ ǣʙɫɷ Ģ ȉʷɷʙǝɀǵĢ˔ɑ ÃǵʷɷŞ ǣʙ ƨƆĢʙʷɮƆɷ ĢȐ ĢȉʷɷǣȐLJ ĄƆǵɷǘ ɀȢʙĢʙȢǝŊɮƆĢʙʷɮƆ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ǵĢȐʙƆɮȐ ǣȐ ǘǣɷ ȐȢɷƆɑ
řƌÆÓƌĹňÆƓ ƿ WƪW]Ƶƪy¤řǘ ƵƣǤ ÝǘƆ ƨǣɮɷʙ ȢɮŭƆɮǵĢȐŭɷ ʙȢȢDz Ģ ĻǣLJ LJĢȉĻǵƆ ȢȐ ǣʙɷ ĻȢǵŭǵ˔ ȢɮǣLJǣȐĢǵŞ ŊƆǵǝɷǘĢŭƆŭ ĢȐǣȉĢʙǣȢȐ ɷʙ˔ǵƆŞ ĢȐŭ ˎȢȐ Ģ ĻǣLJ ɀǣǵƆ Ȣƨ ƨĢȐɷ ĢȐŭ ȉȢȐƆ˔ɑ ÝǘƆ ɷƆɠʷƆǵ ǵȢȢDzɷ ƆˍƆȐ ĻƆʙʙƆɮŞ ˎǘǣǵƆ ĢǵɷȢ ɷƆɮˍǣȐLJ ʷɀ Ɔ˓ʙɮĢ ǘƆǵɀǣȐLJɷ Ȣƨ ǘʷȉȢʷɮŞ Ɔ˓ɀǵȢɷǣȢȐɷ ĢȐŭ ƨɮƆȐƆʙǣŊ LJʷȐǣɷǘȉƆȐʙɑ
+++++
(ƌĪÆ ƿ WƪW]Ƶƪy¤řǘ ƵƣǤ 1ȢȐɫʙ ŊȢȉƆ ʙȢ ǣʙ Ɔ˓ɀƆŊʙǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ ɮƆĢǵǣɷȉ Ȣƨ \ɮĢȐ ÝʷɮǣɷȉȢ ĢȐŭ ˔Ȣʷɫǵǵ ƨǣȐŭ ȉʷŊǘ ʙȢ ǵȢˍƆ ĢĻȢʷʙ \ɮǣŭ ʭɑ pʙɫɷ LJȢɮLJƆȢʷɷ ʙȢ ǵȢȢDz Ģʙ ĢȐŭ ɀǵĢ˔ĢĻǵƆ Ģɷ ǘƆǵǵŞ ʙǘĢȐDzɷ ʙȢ ɷȢȉƆ LJƆȐʷǣȐƆǵ˔ ʙȢʷLJǘ p ȢɀɀȢȐƆȐʙɷŞ ʙȢȐɷ Ȣƨ ŊȢʷɮɷƆɷ ĢȐŭ ʙǘƆ ɷǘƆƆɮ ˍĢɮǣƆʙ˔ Ȣƨ ʙǘɮǣǵǵɷ ȢȐ ȢƨƨƆɮɑ
+++++
'KY c- 'h?? Ys0t] F KhY (Eĩhz0F( (h0Â s0]0c ]ch''źcsƫcKWĩţǤ]ƫWW]ĩ(E]ƫ(E]
Y@j) 1GeL _ej((ŋ_ _L1@ GevL[> Ú
§ÆģģĆļ§ģĔŠĄģøĚŖŤűÚÚ
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ţ ƿ Ƶ
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Ć ü ƣ Ɯ Û Ŏ ţǤ
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ųųĹÓ EµřřĶ Īƌ ţƵĪň ŵƿǤţƵŷ
ÝǘƆ ǣɮ ǘĢɷ ǘĢŭ ǣʙɷ ĢȐȐʷĢǵ ɷɀɮʷŊƆ ʷɀŞ ˎǘǣŊǘ ȉƆĢȐɷ Ȣʷɮ ƨĢˍȢʷɮǣʙƆ Ȣǵŭ ǵĢɀʙȢɀ ǣɷ ȐȢˎ Ȣʷɮ ƨĢˍȢʷɮǣʙƆ ȐƆˎ ǵĢɀʙȢɀɑ ÑȢ ˎǘĢʙɫɷ ŊǘĢȐLJƆŭɡ ȢʙǘǣȐLJ ȢȐ ʙǘƆ ȢʷʙɷǣŭƆŞ Ļʷʙ Ģ ˎǘȢǵƆ ǵȢʙ Ȣƨ ǵȢˍƆǵ˔ ɷʙʷƨƨ ȢȐ ʙǘƆ ǣȐɷǣŭƆɑ ZȢɮ ɷʙĢɮʙƆɮɷŞ ǣʙ LJƆʙɷ ȢȐƆ Ȣƨ pȐʙƆǵɫɷ ȐƆˎ hĢɷˎƆǵǵ Ŋǘǣɀɷ ɂǣư Ȣɮ ǣʁɈŞ ɀǵʷɷ h1ưˤˤˤ LJɮĢɀǘǣŊɷ ĢȐŭ ǣȉɀɮȢˍƆȉƆȐʙɷ ʙȢ Ç ĢȐŭ ÑÑ1 ɷɀƆƆŭɷɑ ȢʷɀǵƆ ʙǘĢʙ ˎǣʙǘ ǣʙɷ ȐƆˎ ƎˤʭɑȬȬĢŊ ĄǣǝZǣ ĢȐŭ ˔Ȣʷ ǘĢˍƆ ȢȐƆ ɷʷɀƆɮǝƨĢɷʙ ǵĢɀʙȢɀɑ Ȑŭ ɷȢȉƆǘȢˎŞ ŭƆɷɀǣʙƆ Ģǵǵ ʙǘĢʙ ɀȢˎƆɮŞ ǣʙ ȐȢˎ ǘĢɷ Ģ ȬʭǝǘȢʷɮ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ ʙȢ ĻȢȢʙɑ ɮĢˠǣǵ˔ LJȢȢŭɑ
ųųĹÓ EµřřĶ Wƌř ǓĪƯĤ YÓƯĪň ĪƓųĹǙ Ñǣȉɀǵ˔ ɀʷʙŞ ʙǘƆ ȬưǝǣȐŊǘƆɮ ǣɷ ʙǘƆ ĻƆɷʙ ǵĢɀʙȢɀ ɂƆˍƆɮɈ ʙǘĢȐDzɷ ʙȢ ɀȢˎƆɮŞ ɀȢɮʙĢĻǣǵǣʙ˔ ĢȐŭ ʙǘƆ ĻƆɷʙ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ Ȣƨ ĢȐ˔ ǵĢɀʙȢɀ ˎƆɫˍƆ ɷƆƆȐɑ ÝǘƆ ȬʞǣȐ ȉȢŭƆǵ ǘĢɷ ǵƆɷɷ LJɮʷȐʙ Ļʷʙ ǣɷ Ģ ʙǣŭǣƆɮ ɷǣˠƆɑ ÑȢ ˎǘ˔ Ȣɑʭɡ ƆŊĢʷɷƆ ʙǘƆ˔ɫɮƆ ĻȢʙǘ ɀɮǣŊƆ˔Ş ĢȐŭ ǣȐ ɮƆĢǵ ǵǣƨƆ ˎƆɫŭ LJȢ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ǣɮɑ
-W ňǒǙ ƣ ]ĹÓÓĶ¤řřĶ
cĤÓ ƿǤţƵ Īƌ ĪƓ ųřǓÓƌïdžĹ ïƓƯ ƓÓǘǙ ňÆ ĤƓ ¤ďƓ řï ƓƯŃĪňź 0ï ĪƯ ǓƓ ňǙ ¤ÓƯƯÓƌ ǓÓƉÆ ƯĤĪňĶ ǓÓ ǓÓƌÓ ÆƌÓŃĪňď
ïƌřŃ ƭŎüǤ +++++ ƭţţüǤ ŵţƵĪňŷ +++++
1 ÝɮǣȐǣʙ˔ ɀɮȢŊƆɷɷȢɮɷ ɀȢˎƆɮ ʙǘǣɷ ìǵʙɮĢĻȢȢDz ĢǵʙƆɮȐĢʙǣˍƆŞ ȉĢDzǣȐLJ ǣʙ ŊǘƆĢɀƆɮ ĢȐŭ ȉȢɮƆ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ǝƨǣǵǵƆŭɑ ÝǘƆ @Ȑˍ˔ ʋ ǘĢɷ Ģ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ ȉƆʙĢǵ ǵǣŭ ĢȐŭ ɮʷĻĻƆɮǣɷƆŭ ĻĢɷƆŞ ȬưɑʋǣȐ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ĢȐŭ ǣʙɷ ʋ\ Ç LJǣˍƆɷ ʙǘƆ ưˤˤ\ ǘĢɮŭ ŭɮǣˍƆ ƨĢɷʙƆɮ ĻȢȢʙ ʙǣȉƆɷ ʙǘĢȐ Ģ ɷǣȉǣǵĢɮ pȐʙƆǵ ŊȢɮƆ ǣʞɑ
ƭüǤǤ +++++
]ŃƓdžňď ]ÓƌĪÓƓ Ɯ ĤƌřňřƓ
ïƌřŃ ƭţǤƣǤ ŵĪƜŷ +++++
ȢɮƆ Ȣƨ Ģ ĄǣȐ Ǝ ʙǘĢȐ ĢŊ ʙ˔ɀƆɡ Ýǘǣɷ ĻɮʷɷǘƆŭǝĢǵʷȉǣȐǣʷȉ ĢŊȢȢDz ÃɮȢ ĢǵʙƆɮȐĢʙǣˍƆ ǘĢɷ ɀǵƆȐʙ˔ Ȣƨ ɀȢˎƆɮ ɂ ȢɮƆ ǣʁ ĻɮĢǣȐŞ 1 ÇĢŭƆȢȐ h1ʋʁưˤ LJɮĢɀǘǣŊɷɈŞ Ģ ɷǘĢɮɀ ȬưɑʋǣȐ ƨʷǵǵ h1 ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ĢȐŭ Ģ ʋǘɮ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ɑ pʙɫɷ ȐȢʙ ʙǘƆ ȉȢɷʙ ɀȢɮʙĢĻǵƆ Ģʙ ʭɑƼDzLJŞ Ļʷʙ ˎƆ ŊĢȐ ǵǣˍƆ ˎǣʙǘ ʙǘĢʙɑ
µÓƌ ƓųĪƌÓ ]Ɯ ÝǘƆ ɷɀǣɮƆ Ñʁ ǣɷ ĢǵȉȢɷʙ ʙǘƆ ɀƆɮƨƆŊʙ ìǵʙɮĢĻȢȢDz ƚ ǣʙ ȉĢʙŊǘƆɷ ʙǘƆ ĢŊȢȢDz ǣɮ ƨȢɮ ˎƆǣLJǘʙŞ ĻƆĢʙɷ ǣʙ ƨȢɮ ɷǵǣȉȐƆɷɷ Ļ˔ ʋȉȉŞ ĢȐŭ ǘĢɷ Ģ LJȢɮLJƆȢʷɷ Ȭȕʭˤ˓ȬˤƎˤ ʙȢʷŊǘǝƨɮǣƆȐŭǵ˔ ɷŊɮƆƆȐɑ ¨Ȑǵ˔ ǣʙɷ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔Ş ˎǘǣŊǘ ǵĢɷʙƆŭ Ģ ȉƆɮƆ ưǘɮɷ ȢȐ ʙƆɷʙŞ ɀɮƆˍƆȐʙɷ ǣʙ LJƆʙʙǣȐLJ ʙǘĢʙ ƨǣƨʙǘ ɷʙĢɮɑ
]ŃƓdžňď ĤƌřŃÓ¤řřĶ ɷǵǣȉŞ ǵǣLJǘʙ ŊǘĢɷɷǣɷŞ ȬʭǝǘȢʷɮ ĻĢʙʙƆɮ˔ ǵǣƨƆ ĢȐŭ ɷʷɀƆɮǝɷɀƆƆŭ˔ ȢɀƆɮĢʙǣȢȐ ȉĢDzƆ ʙǘǣɷ ǵȢˎǝ ŊȢɷʙ ȐƆʙĻȢȢDz Ģ ˎǣȐȐƆɮɑ pʙɫɷ ȐȢʙ ǣŭƆĢǵ ƨȢɮ LJĢȉǣȐLJ Ȣɮ h1 ˍǣŭƆȢɷŞ Ļʷʙ ȉȢɷʙ Ȣƨ \ȢȢLJǵƆɫɷ ʙȢȢǵɷ ˎȢɮDz ȢƨƨǵǣȐƆ ʙȢȢɑ \ȢȢLJǵƆɫɷ ǘɮȢȉƆĻȢȢDz Ãǣ˓Ɔǵ ǘĢɷ ĻƆʙʙƆɮ ɷɀƆŊɷ Ļʷʙ ǣɷ ʙȢȢ ɀɮǣŊƆ˔ɑ
ƓdžƓ ]ƿǤǤ ÝǘƆ ʙȢʷŊǘɷŊɮƆƆȐ ȉĢDzƆɷ ǣʙ ǣŭƆĢǵ ƨȢɮ ĄǣȐŭȢˎɷ ƎŞ Ļʷʙ ʙǘƆ Ñʭˤˤ@ɫɷ ĢǵɷȢ LJȢʙ Ģ ʙȢɀ DzƆ˔ĻȢĢɮŭŞ ĻĢLJɷ Ȣƨ ŊȢȐȐƆŊʙǣˍǣʙ˔ ĢȐŭ ƆȐȢʷLJǘ ɀȢˎƆɮ ƨȢɮ ʞ1 LJĢȉǣȐLJɑ ÑɀƆŊɷ ĢɮƆȐɫʙ ʙȢɀ ȐȢʙŊǘŞ Ļʷʙ ˎǣʙǘ ĢȐ ǣʞ ÑĢȐŭ˔ ɮǣŭLJƆ ŊȢɮƆŞ Ƽ\ Ç ĢȐŭ Ģ ưˤˤ\ h11Ş ǣʙɫɷ LJȢȢŭ ƆȐȢʷLJǘ Ģʙ ʙǘǣɷ ɀɮǣŊƆɑ
ĹĪÓňǓƌÓ EţƜǘ ʙ ƼɑʭʋDzLJ ʙǘƆ Ȭʁ˓ ǣɷ ȢȐǵ˔ ɮƆĢǵǵ˔ ɀȢɮʙĢĻǵƆ ǣȐ ʙǘƆȢɮ˔Ş Ļʷʙ ǣʙɫɷ ŊĢɮɮ˔ǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ LJȢȢŭ DzǣȐŭ Ȣƨ ˎƆǣLJǘʙ ƚ ʙǘƆ DzǣȐŭ ʙǘĢʙ ǣȐŊǵʷŭƆɷ ÇĢŭƆȢȐ h1ʁȕʁˤ LJɮĢɀǘǣŊɷŞ ĢȐ pȐʙƆǵ ȢɮƆ ǣʁ pˍ˔ ɮǣŭLJƆ ŊǘǣɀŞ ĢȐŭ Ģ ɀɮƆŊǣɷƆ ȬʁǣȐ ȬˤƎˤɀ ɷŊɮƆƆȐɑ ÝǘƆ DzǣȐŭ Ȣƨ ˎƆǣLJǘʙ ʙǘĢʙ ŊɮʷɷǘƆɷ ȉȢŭƆɮȐ LJĢȉƆɷɑ
ƓdžƓ cĪµĤĪ ƿţ Ýǘǣɷ ĄǣȐƎ ǘ˔Ļɮǣŭ ɷʙǣŊDzɷ Ģ ǵǣˍƆ ʙǣǵƆǝƨɮǣƆȐŭǵ˔ ʙȢʷŊǘɷŊɮƆƆȐ ȢȐ ʙȢɀ Ȣƨ Ģ ƨʷǵǵ ǵĢɀʙȢɀ ɷɀȢɮʙǣȐLJ ȢɮƆ ǣʁ ǣȐȐĢɮŭɷɑ ĐȢʷ DzȐȢˎ ǘȢˎ ʙǘƆ ɷĢ˔ǣȐLJ LJȢƆɷś ˎǘ˔ ɷƆʙʙǵƆ ƨȢɮ ȢȐƆ ȬȬɑʋǣȐ h1 ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ˎǘƆȐ ˔Ȣʷ ŊĢȐ ǘĢˍƆ ʙˎȢɡ Ȑŭ ʙǘƆɮƆɫɷ ȐȢˎ Ģ ȬʞǝǣȐŊǘ ˍƆɮɷǣȢȐ ʙȢȢ ƚ ʙǘƆ ÝĢǣŊǘǣ ʞȬɑ
µÓƌ ƓųĪƌÓ ]Ƶ ÝǘƆɮƆɫɷ ȐȢ ŭƆȐ˔ǣȐLJ ʙǘĢʙ ŊƆɮɫɷ ƨǣɮɷʙ ìǵʙɮĢĻȢȢDzŞ ʙǘƆ ȬʞɑʞǣȐ ɷɀǣɮƆ ÑʞŞ ǣɷ ǣȐˍĢŭǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ ĢŊȢȢDz ǣɮɫɷ ʙƆɮɮǣʙȢɮ˔ś ǣʙ ŊȢȉƆɷ ˎǣʙǘ ĢȐ pȐʙƆǵ ȢɮƆ ǣʁŞ Ƽ\ ÇŞ ưˤˤ\ h11ʓÑÑ1 ǘ˔Ļɮǣŭ ŭɮǣˍƆ ĢȐŭ h1pɑ ÝǘƆ ǣɮ ǣɷ ɀɮǣŊǣƆɮŞ Ļʷʙ ǘĢɷ Ģ ɷǘĢɮɀƆɮ ɷŊɮƆƆȐ ĢȐŭ ĻƆʙʙƆɮ Ļʷǣǵŭɑ
_e (L[ sYzc-0F( Y c- WY0
_e (L[ cKh-zĩ'?z t0FKt] Û
ƭŎǤǤ ++++, ƭƿƿǤ ++++,
_e (L[ s?h F WKYc0?0cz
ƭƵƜǤ ++++, ƭţţǤǤ ++++,
_e (L[ ]Y0Kh] (EY]
ƭţĆƵǤ ŵţĪƜŷ ++++, ƭüÛǤ ŵĪƜŷ ++++,
'KY c- 'h?? Ys0t] F KhY ?WcKW] hz0F( (h0Â s0]0c ]ch''źcsƫcKWĩţǤ]ƫ?WcKW]ĩFcKK=]
c-0] EKFc0Fźź ƿǤǤƜ
ɀɀǵƆ ǣÃǘȢȐƆ
pǵǣĢŭ ÇƆĢŭƆɮ
ÑȢȐ˔ ˔ǵȢ
ÑĢȉɷʷȐLJ ĂȬȬ
Ñʙʷƨƨ ɷĢǣŭ ÝǘƆ ǣÃǘȢȐƆ ĻǵȢˎɷ ƆˍƆɮ˔ ȢʙǘƆɮ ȉȢĻǣǵƆ ɷʷɮƨƆɮ Ȣʷʙ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ˎĢʙƆɮɑ pʙɫɷ ɠʷǣŊDzŞ ʙǘƆ ʙȢʷŊǘ ǣȐʙƆɮƨĢŊƆ ǣɷ ĻɮǣǵǵǣĢȐʙ ĢȐŭ ʙǘƆ ɀǵĢȐƆǝɷǘǣƨʙǣȐLJ ˎǣǵǵ ȉĢDzƆ ˔Ȣʷ ˎƆƆɀɑ pʙ ĢǣȐɫʙ ɀƆɮƨƆŊʙ ƚ ʙǘƆ DzƆ˔ĻȢĢɮŭ ǣɷ ŭǣɷʙɮƆɷɷǣȐLJǵ˔ ɷǵȢˎ ƚ Ļʷʙ ˎƆɫɮƆ ɷʙǣǵǵ ɷƆʙ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ǘȢʙʙƆɷʙ 1ƆŊƆȉĻƆɮ ȢȐ ɮƆŊȢɮŭɑ +++++
Ñʙʷƨƨ ɷĢǣŭ 1ƆɷɀǣʙƆ ǣʙɷ ŊǵƆĢɮ ɷǘȢɮʙŊȢȉǣȐLJɷ ˎǘƆȐ ŊȢȉɀĢɮƆŭ ˎǣʙǘ ĢŊʙʷĢǵ ĻȢȢDzɷ ĢȐŭ ȐƆˎɷɀĢɀƆɮɷŞ ĢȐŭ ʙǘƆ ƨĢǣǵʷɮƆɷ Ȣƨ ɀɮƆˍǣȢʷɷ ƆǝɮƆĢŭƆɮɷŞ ˎƆ ǵȢˍƆ ʙǘƆ pǵǣĢŭ ĢȐŭ ǣʙɷ ŊʷʙʙǣȐLJǝƆŭLJƆ @ pȐDz ɷŊɮƆƆȐś ǣʙɫɷ ȐƆˎŞ ǣʙɫɷ ɮĢɮƆ ĢȐŭ ǣʙɫɷ LJƆƆDz˔ɑ Ȑŭ ʙǘĢʙɫɷ ˎǘĢʙ LJĢŭLJƆʙɷ ĢɮƆ Ģǵǵ ĢĻȢʷʙɑ ++++,
Ñʙʷƨƨ ɷĢǣŭ ĄƆ ŊĢȐɫʙ ƨĢʙǘȢȉ ÑȢȐ˔ɫɷ ǵȢLJǣŊ ĻƆǘǣȐŭ ʙǘƆ ˔ǵȢ ƚ ǣʙɫɷ ɷȢ ȐǣŊǘƆ ǣʙ ɷǘȢʷǵŭȐɫʙ Ɔ˓ǣɷʙɑ pʙ ǣɷȐɫʙ Ģ ȉȢĻǣǵƆ ɀǘȢȐƆŞ ɮĢʙǘƆɮ Ģ ɀʷɮƆ ȉƆɷɷĢLJǣȐLJʓˎƆĻ ŭƆˍǣŊƆ ɮƆǵǣĢȐʙ ȢȐ ĄǣǝZǣ ʙȢ ƨƆɮɮ˔ ȉƆɷɷĢLJƆɷɑ ÑDz˔ɀƆ ǣɷ ȢȐĻȢĢɮŭŞ Ļʷʙ ǘȢˎ ȉĢȐ˔ Dzǣŭɷ ŊĢɮƆ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ʙǘǣƨʙ˔ ˎĢ˔ɷ Ȣƨ ǣȐʙƆɮȐƆʙ ŊĢǵǵǣȐLJɡ +++,,
Ñʙʷƨƨ ɷĢǣŭ ÝǘƆ ĂȬȬ ʙĢDzƆɷ ʙǘƆ ɷĢȉƆ ĢȉĢˠǣȐLJ ÑȉĢɮʙ ÝȢʷŊǘ ǣȐʙƆɮƨĢŊƆ ĢȐŭ ɷˍƆǵʙƆ ƨȢɮȉ Ģɷ ʙǘƆ ÑʙʷƨƨǝʙƆɷʙǝˎǣȐȐǣȐLJ ĂȬˤŞ Ļʷʙ Ģŭŭɷ ĢȐ ǣȉɀɮȢˍƆŭ ư˓ ˠȢȢȉ ǵƆȐɷ ĢȐŭ ƨĢŊƆ ŭƆʙƆŊʙǣȢȐ ʙȢ ĻƆĢʙ Ȣƨƨ ʙǘƆ ŊȢȉɀƆʙǣʙǣȢȐɑ pʙ ʙĢDzƆɷ LJɮƆĢʙ ɀǘȢʙȢɷ ˎǣʙǘ ɷʙɮȢȐLJ ŊȢǵȢʷɮ ĢȐŭ ȉǣȐǣȉĢǵ LJɮĢǣȐɑ ɮƆĢǵ ʙɮƆĢʙɑ +++++
ʖʭʁˤ
ʖƼʞư
ʖƼưˤ ĢɀɀɮȢ˓ ɂǣȉɀȢɮʙɈ
ʖʭʁˤ
ţĆǤ e .L | j
KEWc EY]
ţ ƿ Ƶ Ć
e jY
ü ƣ Ɯ Û Ŏ ţǤ
]ch'' ]z]
]řňǙ ]Ĩ-yüǤ
pȐ ʙǘƆ ĻǵǣȐDz Ȣƨ ĢȐ Ɔ˔Ɔ ǣȐ ˎǘǣŊǘ Zʷǰǣƨǣǵȉ ƆǵƆŊʙƆŭ ʙȢ ʷɀŭĢʙƆ ǣʙɷ ÝȢɀ ȬˤǝʙȢɀɀǣȐLJ ĎȬˤŞ ʙǘƆ hĎưˤ ǰʷȉɀƆŭ ǣȐ ǣʙɷ ɷƆĢʙ ĢȐŭ ŭƆŊǵĢɮƆŭ ǣʙɷƆǵƨ DzǣȐLJ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ŊĢɷʙǵƆɑ ȐŭŞ ŭƆɷɀǣʙƆ ɀɮȢʙƆɷʙĢʙǣȢȐɷ ƨɮȢȉ ʙǘƆ ǵȢˎǵ˔ ɮĢɷŊĢǵ Ďʭˤ ĻƆǵȢˎŞ ʙǘƆ ÑȢȐ˔ɫɷ ɀȢɷǣʙǣȢȐ ǣɷ ǰʷɷʙǣƨǣƆŭɑ pʙɷ ʭˤɑƼà ¨Ñ ɷƆȐɷȢɮ ĢȐŭ ʭƼǝʭʁˤȉȉ ɂʞưȉȉ ƆɠʷǣˍɑɈ ǵƆȐɷ ŊȢȉĻǣȐƆ ʙȢ ɀɮȢŭʷŊƆ ĢˎƆɷȢȉƆ ǣȉĢLJƆɷ ǣȐ Ģ ˎǣŭƆ ɮĢȐLJƆ Ȣƨ ɷǣʙʷĢʙǣȢȐɷɑ ÝǘƆɮƆɫɷ ĢǵɷȢ Ģ ǘȢʙ ɷǘȢƆ ƨȢɮ Ģ ƨǵĢɷǘ Ȣɮ ĢȐ ƆǵƆŊʙɮȢȐǣŊ ˍǣƆˎƨǣȐŭƆɮŞ ɷȢ ǣʙɷ ǵĢŊDz Ȣƨ ÇĄ ɷǘȢȢʙǣȐLJ ǣɷ ǣʙɷ ȢȐǵ˔ ɮƆĢǵ ƨǵĢˎɑ
'džĴĪïĪĹŃ yƿǤ
hňƓƓdžŃĪňď ĹřřĶƓ ĤĪÆÓ ň ŃǠĪňďĹǙ µų¤ĹÓ µŃÓƌ Ưř ƓdžĪƯ ¤ÓďĪňňÓƌƓ řƌ ¤džƌďÓřňĪňď ĪĹÓǙĨÓƯƯÓƓ
ƭƿÛü +++++ ƭƵÛǤ +++++
ÝǘƆ Ďʭˤ ǣɷȐɫʙ Ģǵǵ ɮƆʙɮȢ ǵȢȢDzɷ ĢȐŭ ȐȢ ʙɮȢʷɷƆɮɷɑ pʙ Ɔ˓ŊƆǵɷ ǣȐ ŭˍĢȐŊƆŭ ʷʙȢ ȉȢŭƆ ĢȐŭ ǘĢɷ ȉĢȐʷĢǵ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷ ĢȐŭ ÇĄ ɷǘȢȢʙǣȐLJ ƨȢɮ ŊɮƆĢʙǣˍƆ ŭĢ˔ɷɑ ÝǘƆ ȢɀʙǣŊĢǵ ˍǣƆˎƨǣȐŭƆɮŞ ʙǘȢʷLJǘ ɷȉĢǵǵŞ ǣɷ ǵǣȐDzƆŭ ʙȢ ʙǘƆ Ƽ˓ ˠȢȢȉ ĢȐŭ ƨɮĢȉƆɷ ˎƆǵǵɑ ǵǵ ʙǘǣɷŞ ĢȐŭ ǣʙ ǵȢȢDzɷ ŭĢȉȐ ŊȢȢǵɑ
ňřň WřǓÓƌ]ĤřƯ ]ţţǤ ÑʷɀƆɮĻ ǣȉĢLJƆ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ Ģʙ ȉȢɷʙ pѨ ɷƆʙʙǣȐLJɷŞ ȉĢȐʷĢǵ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷ ĢȐŭ Ģ ȐƆˎ ʙȢʷŊǘɷŊɮƆƆȐ ĢɮƆ ƆȐȢʷLJǘ ʙȢ ɀʷʙ ʙǘǣɷ ʙɮʷǵ˔ ŊȢȉɀĢŊʙ ɷȐĢɀɀƆɮ ǣȐ ʙǘƆ Ȣɑʞ ɷɀȢʙɑ Ȑŭ ˎǘǣǵƆ ǣʙɷ ĄǣǝZǣ ɷǘĢɮǣȐLJ ǣɷȐɫʙ Ģɷ ƆĢɷ˔ ʙȢ ʷɷƆ Ģɷ ˎƆɫŭ ǵǣDzƆŞ ĢȐ ʷɀŭĢʙƆ ʙȢ ĢȉƆɮĢĄǣȐŭȢˎ ɷǘȢʷǵŭ ɮƆȉƆŭ˔ ǣʙɑ
FĪĶřň řřĹųĪǘ tţţǤ Ąǣʙǘ Ģ ȉƆʙĢǵǵǣŊ ĻȢŭ˔Ş ɷʙʷɮŭ˔ ǵȢŊDzǣȐLJ ȉƆŊǘĢȐǣɷȉ ĢȐŭ ȢɀʙǣȢȐĢǵ ŊĢȉȢ ƨǣȐǣɷǘŞ Ȣʷɮ ȐƆˎ ƨĢˍȢʷɮǣʙƆ ʙȢʷLJǘ ŊĢȉ ǘĢɷ LJȢʙ ʙǘĢʙ ˎǘȢǵƆ ȉǣǵǣʙĢɮ˔ ŊǘǣŊ ʙǘǣȐLJ ȐĢǣǵƆŭɑ pʙɷ Ģɮȉ˔ ƚ LJƆŭŭǣʙɡ ƚ Ȣƨ ƨƆĢʙʷɮƆɷ ǣȐŊǵʷŭƆ Ɔ˓ŊƆǵǵƆȐʙ ȬʋÃ ɷʙǣǵǵɷŞ ȬˤƎˤɀĸʞˤƨɀɷ ˍǣŭƆȢ ĢȐŭ LJǵȢˍƆǝƨɮǣƆȐŭǵ˔ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷɑ
]řňǙ ]ĨYyţǤǤ ÝǘƆ ʭˤÃ ÇĎȬˤˤ ǣɷ ǰʷɷʙ ˎǘĢʙ ˎƆɫɮƆ ǵȢȢDzǣȐLJ ƨȢɮ ǣȐ ĢȐ ĢŭˍĢȐŊƆŭ ŊȢȉɀĢŊʙś ɀȢŊDzƆʙĢĻǵƆ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ǘʷLJƆ ȬǣȐ ɷƆȐɷȢɮ ˎǘǣŊǘ ɷƆɮˍƆɷ ʷɀ ȐĢʙʷɮĢǵŞ ˎƆǵǵǝĻĢǵĢȐŊƆŭ ǣȉĢLJƆɷɑ ÝǘƆ ȐƆˎ ÇĎȬˤˤ pp ɂʖʁˤˤɈ Ģŭŭɷ Ģ ǘȢʙ ɷǘȢƆŞ ĄǣǝZǣ ĢȐŭ ʙǣǵʙĢĻǵƆ 1Ş ɀǵʷɷ Ģ ȐƆˎ ĻĢŊDzǝǣǵǵʷȉǣȐĢʙƆŭ ɷƆȐɷȢɮɑ
WňƓřňĪµ ?džŃĪǘ EĨ'ƿǤǤ pƨ ˔Ȣʷ ˎĢȐʙ Ģ ɷʷɀƆɮˠȢȢȉ ŊĢȉŞ ʙǘƆ ʷȉǣ˓ ZĚʭˤˤ ˎǣɀƆɷ ʙǘƆ ƨǵȢȢɮ ˎǣʙǘ ǣʙɷ ɮǣˍĢǵ ɷȐȢȢɀ˔ ɷȐĢɀɀƆɮɷɑ ɷȉĢǵǵ ĢȐŭ ɷȢǵǣŭ Ļʷǣǵŭ ǣɷ ŊȢʷɀǵƆŭ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ʭƼ˓ ȢɀʙǣŊĢǵ ˠȢȢȉŞ ĢȐ Ɔ˓ŊƆǵǵƆȐʙ ĢʷʙȢ ȉȢŭƆ ĢȐŭ ɷɀȢʙ ȢȐ Ɔ˓ɀȢɷʷɮƆ ĢĻǣǵǣʙǣƆɷɑ ÝǘƆ ŭȢˎȐɷǣŭƆ ǣɷ ʙǘƆ ˍǣŭƆȢŞ ˎǘǣŊǘ ǣɷ Ģ ȉǣ˓Ɔŭ ĻĢLJɑ
'džĴĪïĪĹŃ 'ĪňÓWĪǘ yţǤǤ] Zʷǰǣƨǣǵȉɫɷ ɷȢʷɀƆŭǝʷɀ ǣʙɷ ƨǣ˓Ɔŭ ǵƆȐɷ ɮƆʙɮȢ ɷǘȢȢʙƆɮŞ ˎǣʙǘ ƨĢɷʙƆɮ ƨȢŊʷɷǣȐLJ ĢȐŭ Ģ ĻǣLJ ÃÑǝ ɷƆȐɷȢɮɑ pʙɫɷ ȐȢʙ Ģǵǵ ȐƆˎ ʙǘȢʷLJǘŞ DzƆƆɀǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ ʞưȉȉǝƆɠʷǣˍĢǵƆȐʙ ƨʓʭ ǵƆȐɷ ĢȐŭ ǘ˔Ļɮǣŭ ˍǣƆˎƨǣȐŭƆɮ ʙǘĢʙ ˎƆ ǵȢˍƆŭ ƨɮȢȉ ʙǘƆ ĎȬˤˤɑ Ȑ ĢǵʙƆɮȐĢʙǣˍƆ ƨǣȐǣɷǘ ˎȢʷǵŭ ĻƆ ȐǣŊƆŞ ȉǣȐŭ ˔Ȣʷɑ
ňřň WřǓÓƌ]ĤřƯ (ţü
ƭƿƵǤ +++++ ƭƿĆǤ +++++
_e (L[ sFchYKh] ]FWWY]
ƭƵŎǤ +++++ ƭƵƵü +++++
_e (L[ cĩĩ0]cF ]-KKc0F(
ƭŎƜü +++++
_e (L[ ]?Y W0] 0F ]E?? Kz
ƭƿÛǤ +++++
ȢȢDzǣȐLJ ƨȢɮ Ģ ŊȢȉɀĢŊʙɂǣɷǘɈ ŊĢȉƆɮĢ ˎǣʙǘ ɀɮȢ ƨǵȢʷɮǣɷǘƆɷ ɷʷŊǘ Ģɷ ȢɀʙǣŊĢǵ ˍǣƆˎƨǣȐŭƆɮŞ Ɔ˓ʙƆɮȐĢǵ ƨǵĢɷǘŞ ƨǣǵʙƆɮ ɮǣȐLJ ĢȐŭ ȉĢȐʷĢǵ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷɡ ÝǘƆ \Ȭư ˎǣǵǵ ŭȢ ˔Ȣʷ ɀɮȢʷŭɑ ĐȢʷɫǵǵ ĢǵɷȢ LJƆʙ ŊɮǣɷɀŞ ŊǵƆĢȐ ɀǘȢʙȢɷ ˎǣʙǘ ĢŊŊʷɮĢʙƆ ŊȢǵȢʷɮɷŞ ɀǵʷɷ Ģ Ȑǣɀɀ˔ Z ĢȐŭ Ģ ʙĢȐDzǝǵǣDzƆ Ļʷǣǵŭɑ
]ŃƓdžňď (ĹǘǙ ŃÓƌ ÝǘƆ ȐƆˎ DzǣȐLJ Ȣƨ ɷȐĢɀǝɷǘĢɮǣȐLJ ǘĢɷ Ģ ƼɑƎǣȐ ɷŊɮƆƆȐŞ ȐŭɮȢǣŭ ƼɑȬŞ ĢʷʙȢ 1ɮȢɀĻȢ˓ ʷɀǵȢĢŭɷ ĢȐŭ ǵȢĢŭɷ Ȣƨ ƨǣǵʙƆɮ ĢȐŭ ƆŭǣʙǣȐLJ Ģɀɀɷɑ pʙɷ ȬʋɑʞÃ ǣȉĢLJƆɷ ĢɮƆȐɫʙ ɠʷǣʙƆ ʙǘƆ ĻƆɷʙŞ Ļʷʙ ǣʙɫɷ Ģ ɷƆ˓˔ ɷǵǣŊƆ Ȣƨ ʙǘƆ ƨʷʙʷɮƆ ĢȐŭ ʷɀŭĢʙƆɷ ĻɮǣȐLJ ȐƆˎ ɷŊƆȐƆ ȉȢŭƆɷ ǣȐŊǵʷŭǣȐLJ ɪƨȢȢŭɫɑ ĐƆɷŞ ƨȢȢŭɑ
ňřň 0yh] ţƿü -] ɷʷɮɀɮǣɷǣȐLJǵ˔ ɀȢˎƆɮƨʷǵ ŊĢȉƆɮĢ LJǣˍƆȐ ǣʙɷ ʙǣȐ˔ ŭǣȉƆȐɷǣȢȐɷŞ ʙǘƆ pĎìÑ Ȭʭư hÑ ǘĢɷ ɷʙɮǣɀɀƆŭǝ ĻĢŊDz ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷŞ ư˓ ȢɀʙǣŊĢǵ ˠȢȢȉ ĢȐŭ ȐȢ ƨƆˎƆɮ ʙǘĢȐ ưƎ ŭǣƨƨƆɮƆȐʙ ɷƆʙʙǣȐLJɷ ǣȐ ĢʷʙȢ ȉȢŭƆɑ pʙɫɷ ȐȢʙ ȢȐƆ ƨȢɮ ƆȐʙǘʷɷǣĢɷʙɷŞ ʙǘƆȐŞ Ļʷʙ ȐƆǣʙǘƆɮ ŭȢƆɷ ǣʙ ŊȢȉɀɮȢȉǣɷƆ ȢȐ ǣȉĢLJƆ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ɑ
ƭƿƜǤ ++++,
_e (L[ KFĩc-ĩ(K 0E( ]-Y0F(
ƭÛü ++++,
_e (L[ h(c hzY]
'KY c- 'h?? Ys0t] F KhY EY hz0F( (h0Â s0]0c ]ch''źcsƫcKWĩţǤ]ƫKEWcĩEY]
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*7/* <: +5"% ))&
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]?YƓÂ c ţĆţ e .L | j
e jY
ţ ƿ Ƶ Ć ü
e jY
ƣ Ɯ Û Ŏ ţǤ
KĹǙŃųdžƓ KEĨ ĨEü
ƨʙƆɮ ǣʙɷ ɷʷŊŊƆɷɷ ǣȐ ɮƆɷʷɮɮƆŊʙǣȐLJ ʙǘƆ Ã@ ĻɮĢȐŭŞ ǣʙ ˎĢɷ ǣȐƆˍǣʙĢĻǵƆ ¨ǵ˔ȉɀʷɷ ˎȢʷǵŭ ƆȉĻǵĢˠȢȐ ʙǘƆ ǵƆLJƆȐŭĢɮ˔ ¨ ȉȢȐǣDzƆɮ ĢŊɮȢɷɷ ǣʙɷ ƨǣɮɷʙ ŊȢȉɀĢŊʙ ɷ˔ɷʙƆȉ ŊĢȉƆɮĢ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ˍǣƆˎƨǣȐŭƆɮɑ Ȑŭ ĻȢ˔Ş ŭȢƆɷ ǣʙ ǵǣˍƆ ʷɀ ʙȢ ʙǘƆ ȐĢȉƆɑ Ýǘǣɷ ǣɷ Ģ Ñ ˎǣʙǘ ɀɮȢ ĢɷɀǣɮĢʙǣȢȐɷś ĢɷʙȢʷȐŭǣȐLJǵ˔ ƨĢɷʙ ZŞ ȕƨɀɷ Ļʷɮɷʙ ɷǘȢȢʙǣȐLJŞ ĢȐ Ɔ˓ŊƆǵǵƆȐʙ @ĂZŞ ˎƆĢʙǘƆɮɀɮȢȢƨ ĻȢŭ˔Ş ʙȢȐɷ Ȣƨ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷ ĢȐŭ ɷʷɀƆɮĻ Ȭʋà ɀǣŊɷ ɮǣLJǘʙ ʙǘɮȢʷLJǘ ʙȢ pѨ ʭưŞʋˤˤɑ Ɔɷʙ Ȣƨ Ģǵǵ ǣɷ ʙǘƆ ǣˍƆ ÝǣȉƆ ȉȢŭƆ ƨȢɮ Ģ ǵǣˍƆ ˍǣƆˎ Ȣƨ ǵȢȐLJ Ɔ˓ɀȢɷʷɮƆɷɑ pʙɫɷ ˎƆǵǵǝɀɮǣŊƆŭ ʙǘƆɷƆ ŭĢ˔ɷ ʙȢȢɑ
]ch'' ]z] cĤÓ ¤ÓƓƯ µřŃųµƯ ƓǙƓƯÓŃ µŃÓƌ Ɠř ïƌ ¤řƓƯĪňď ƓdžųÓƌĨïƓƯ džƯřïřµdžƓ ňÆ ďƌÓƯ ÆǒňµÓÆ ïÓƯdžƌÓƓ
ƭüƣǤ +++++ ŵ¤řÆǙ řňĹǙŷ
ňřň K] ƣüǤ ¨ʷɮ ƨĢˍȢʷɮǣʙƆ 1ÑÇ ǘĢɷ Ģ ǘ˔Ļɮǣŭ ȬƎÃ ɷƆȐɷȢɮ ʙǘĢʙ ƆȐĢĻǵƆɷ ŊȢȐʙǣȐʷȢʷɷ ĢʷʙȢƨȢŊʷɷ ŭʷɮǣȐLJ ˍǣŭƆȢ ɮƆŊȢɮŭǣȐLJŞ Ģ ɮƆɷɀȢȐɷǣˍƆ ʙȢʷŊǘɷŊɮƆƆȐ ĢȐŭ ưƨɀɷ Ļʷɮɷʙ ɷǘȢȢʙǣȐLJɑ pʙɷ ɮƆɀǵĢŊƆȉƆȐʙ ʙǘƆ ʁˤˤ1 ĻɮǣȐLJɷ Ģ ƨƆˎ ȉǣȐȢɮ ʷɀLJɮĢŭƆɷ ʙȢ ʙǘƆ ɀĢɮʙ˔ ĢȐŭ ǣɷ ȢȐǵ˔ Ģ ǵǣʙʙǵƆ ȉȢɮƆ Ɔ˓ɀƆȐɷǣˍƆɑ
FĪĶřň ƣǤǤ ÃɮȢ ɀȢˎƆɮ ǘĢɷ ȐƆˍƆɮ ŊȢȉƆ Ģʙ ɷʷŊǘ Ģ ɮƆĢɷȢȐĢĻǵƆ ɀɮǣŊƆɑ ƨʷǵǵǝƨɮĢȉƆ ʭƼɑʞÃ ɷƆȐɷȢɮ ŊȢȉĻǣȐƆɷ ˎǣʙǘ ĢŊŊʷɮĢʙƆ ʞȕǝɀȢǣȐʙ ĢʷʙȢƨȢŊʷɷ ƨȢɮ ɷʙʷȐȐǣȐLJ ɮƆɷʷǵʙɷɑ 1ʷĢǵ Ñ1 ŊĢɮŭ ɷǵȢʙɷŞ ĻʷǣǵʙǝǣȐ ƨǵĢɷǘ ĢȐŭ ưɑưƨɀɷ ɷǘȢȢʙǣȐLJ ɷɀƆƆŭ ŊȢȉɀǵƆʙƆ Ģ ɷƆɮǣȢʷɷǵ˔ ɀȢˎƆɮƨʷǵ ɀɮȢɀȢɷǣʙǣȢȐɑ
WňƓřňĪµ ?džŃĪǘ EĨ(yţ ÝǘƆ ɷɀǣɮǣʙʷĢǵ ɷʷŊŊƆɷɷȢɮ ʙȢ ʙǘƆ \ZȬŞ ʙǘƆ \ĎȬ ǣɷ Ģ ǣŊɮȢ ZȢʷɮ Ýǘǣɮŭɷ ŊĢȉ ʙǘĢʙɫɷ Ģɷ ɷĢʙǣɷƨ˔ǣȐLJ ƨȢɮ ʙǘƆ ƆȐʙǘʷɷǣĢɷʙ Ģɷ ǣʙ ǣɷ ƨȢɮ ʙǘȢɷƆ ɷʙƆɀɀǣȐLJ ʷɀ ƨɮȢȉ Ģ ŊȢȉɀĢŊʙɑ ÃǵƆȐʙ˔ Ȣƨ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷ ĢȐŭ Ģ ʙȢʷŊǘɷŊɮƆƆȐ ŊȢȉĻǣȐƆ ˎǣʙǘ Ģ ɷʷɀƆɮĻ Ȭʋà ɷƆȐɷȢɮ ƨȢɮ Ģ ˍƆɮ˔ ɮƆĢɷȢȐĢĻǵ˔ ɀɮǣŊƆŭ ɀĢŊDzĢLJƆɑ
]řňǙ FyĨƜ ǘȢɷʙ Ȣƨ ȉĢȐʷĢǵ ɀǘȢʙȢ ĢȐŭ ˍǣŭƆȢ ŊȢȐʙɮȢǵɷ ĢɮƆ ĢˍĢǣǵĢĻǵƆ ˍǣĢ ǣʙɷ LJȢɮLJƆȢʷɷǵ˔ ȉǣȐǣȉĢǵǣɷʙ ʷȐȉĢɮDzƆŭ DzȐȢĻɷŞ Ļʷʙ ǣʙɫɷ ʙǘƆ Ɔ˓ŊƆɀʙǣȢȐĢǵ ɠʷĢǵǣʙ˔ Ȣƨ ǣʙɷ ʭƼɑʞÃ ǣȉĢLJƆɷ ʙǘĢʙ ɮƆĢǵǵ˔ ǣȉɀɮƆɷɷƆɷɑ ĄƆ ɷʷɷɀƆŊʙ ʙǘĢʙ ĢȐ ʷɀŭĢʙƆŭ ȉȢŭƆǵ ȉĢ˔ ĻƆ ǰʷɷʙ ĢɮȢʷȐŭ ʙǘƆ ŊȢɮȐƆɮŞ ʙǘȢʷLJǘɑ
ňřň K] ƣǤ ÝǘƆ ĢȐȢȐ ʋˤ1 ǣɷ Ģ 1ÑÇ ĢǣȉƆŭ Ģʙ ʙǘƆ ɷƆɮǣȢʷɷ ĢȉĢʙƆʷɮś Ģ ɮʷLJLJƆŭǵ˔ ĻʷǣǵʙŞ ƨƆĢʙʷɮƆǝɷʙʷƨƨƆŭ ɷȐĢɀɀƆɮ ˎǣʙǘ ƨʷǵǵ ȬˤƎˤɀ ˍǣŭƆȢɑ ÝǘƆ ȐƆˎǵ˔ ĢȐȐȢʷȐŊƆŭ ʁˤ1 Ģŭŭɷ Ģ ȐƆˎ ʭˤɑʭÃ ɷƆȐɷȢɮŞ ĄǣǝZǣ ĢȐŭ Ģ ʙȢʷŊǘɷŊɮƆƆȐŞ ɀǵʷɷ Ģ ȐƆˎ ĢʷʙȢƨȢŊʷɷ ɷ˔ɷʙƆȉ ƨȢɮ ˍǣŭƆȢɑ ÇƆˍǣƆˎ ɷȢȢȐɑ
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NEXT BIG THING?
think I smell Richard Branson… You too, huh? It’s the flowing mane, that heady aroma of expensively conditioned facial hair. It never leaves you. Ah, wait… you mean the balloons. Showing one’s age a bit there, isn’t one? Our younger viewers probably won’t know of the various world-record Branson pickles involving capsized yachts and plunging balloons. Nor need they, for this is nowt to do with the gorgeously maned entrepreneur; this is the brainchild of “we’re-too-keraaazy-to-be-evil” Google.
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It does look a bit nuts. What’s going on? Google has invented a troll extractor fan. It blogs about how Android already has most of the “unique” features of iOS7, then transmogrifies the resulting comments-based troll fury into actual hot air, filling balloons with it both to chill out the internet and serve as a sky-based reminder of the utter pointlessness of trollling. Ha! Not really. It’s actually a floaty internetdissemination service for areas of the planet without easy access to t’interweb. It’s called Project Loon and it’s being trialled right now.
Stop yanking my chain, already. No, it really is called that (google.com/loon). Apparently success is less important than a fresh outlook. Balloons float over the wild parts of the world, being raised and lowered into natural air streams to maintain position, with internet signals bounced from balloon to balloon to a ground station. Quite what a barefooted farmer does with the internet, and what device he is receiving it on are the awkward questions, but with about two-thirds of the world’s people living off the grid, even loony ideas get a look in.
DON’T MISS THE NEXT ISSUE! ON SALE 4 SEPT
[ Words Fraser Macdonald ]
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