SPECI SPECIFI FICA CATIO TION N FOR FOR COPP COPPER ER BAR, BAR, BUS BUS BAR, BAR, ROD, ROD, AND SHAPES SHAPES SB-187
(Identical to ASTM Specification B 187-94 for the alloys and products covered.)
1.
Scope
B 193 Test Test Metho Method d for Resist Resistivit ivity y of Electr Electrica icall Conduc Conductor tor Materials B 224 Classification of Coppers B 577 Test Test Metho Methods ds for Hydrogen Hydrogen Embrit Embrittle tlemen mentt of Copper B 601 Practice for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys — Wrought and Cast E 53 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper E 62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods) E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical Composition E 478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
1.1 This specificatio specification n establishes establishes the requireme requirements nts for copper copper bar, bar, bus bar, rod, rod, and shapes shapes for electric electrical al and non-electr non-electrical ical application applications. s. 1.1.1 The 1.1.1 The products shall be made from the following coppers: coppers: Copper UNS No.
Reference Designation
C10200 C11000
OF ETP
1.2 The 1.2 The inch-pound units are standard for this specification. 1.3 This 1.3 This specification is the companion to SI (Metric) Specification B 187M; therefore no SI equivalents are presented herein.
Standard 2.2 ASME Standard SB-249 SB-249 Specifi Specificat cation ion for Genera Generall Requir Requireme ements nts for Wrough Wroughtt Copper Copper and Copper Copper-Al -Alloy loy Rod, Rod, Bar, Bar, and Shapes
NOTE 1 — Material for hot forging will be found in Specification B 224.
3. 2.
Refe Refere renc nced ed Docu Docume ment ntss
Gene Genera rall Requ Requir irem emen ents ts
sections of Specificati Specification on SB-249 SB-249 3.1 The following sections are a part part of this this specifi specificat cation ion::
Standards 2.1 ASTM Standards
3.1.1 Definitions
2.1.1 The 2.1.1 The following documents in the current issue of the Book of Standards form a part of this specification to the extent extent referenc referenced ed herein. herein. B 170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper — Refinery Shapes B 187 M Specification for Copper Bar, Bus Bar, Rod and Shapes (Metric)
Materials and Manufactu Manufacture re 3.1.2 Materials 3.1.3 Workmanship Workmanship,, Finish, Finish, and Appearanc Appearancee 3.1.4 Number Number of Tests Tests and Retests Retests Methods 3.1.5 Test Methods 227
SB-187
1998 SECTION II
3.1.6 Significance of Numerical Limits
5.1.2 copper UNS number (see 7.1 and Table 1);
3.1.7 Inspection
5.1.3 temper required (see 8.1 and Table 2);
3.1.8 Rejection
5.1.4 dimensions and form;
3.1.9 Certification
5.1.4.1 shapes: dimensional tolerances required and agreed upon (see 13.3);
3.1.10 Mill Test Report 3.1.11 Packing, Marking, Shipping, and Preservation
5.1.5 quantity: number of pounds, pieces, or footage required; and
3.2 Identical sections in this specification supplement the referenced section.
4.
5.1.6 edge contours required (see 13.7). 5.2 The following options are available and should be specified in the contract or purchase order when required:
Terminology
5.2.1 heat identification or traceability details required;
4.1 Definitions 4.1.1 bus bar — includes material of solid rectangular or square cross section or a solid section with two plane parallel surfaces and round or other simple regular shaped edges up to and including 12 in. in width and over 0.188 in. in thickness
5.2.2 hydrogen embrittlement test; 5.2.3 bend test; 5.2.4 certification;
4.1.2 bus conductor stock — a bar, rod, or shape of high conductivity copper used to make electrical conductors
5.2.5 mill test reports; and 5.2.6 special packaging requirements.
4.1.3 bus rod — includes solid round and regular polygons of six and eight sides 6.
4.1.4 bus shapes — a solid section other than regular rod, bar, plate, sheet, strip, or flat wire, that may be oval, half oval, half round, triangular, pentagonal, or of any special cross section furnished in straight lengths. Shapes shall not include tube and pipe or other hollow sections.
6.1 Manufacture 6.1.1 Edges 6.1.1.1 Bar shall be furnished with finished edges (see 13.7) unless otherwise specified at the time of order placement.
4.1.5 unaided eye — without visual enhancement; however, corrective spectacles necessary to obtain normal vision shall be permitted.
6.1.1.2 Bar larger than 1 ⁄ 2 in. in thickness may be furnished with sawed edges and deburred corners upon agreement between the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.
4.2 Description of Term Specific to This Standard 4.2.1 orange peel — the surface roughness resulting from working metal of large grain size. The surface is similar in texture to that of the outside surface of an orange.
5.
Materials and Manufacture
7.
Chemical Composition
7.1 The specified copper shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.
Ordering Information
7.2 These specification limits do not preclude the possible presence of other elements. Limits for unnamed elements may be established and analysis required by agreement between the manufacturer or the supplier and the purchaser.
5.1 Orders for product under this specification should contain the following information: 5.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year of issue; 228
PART B — NONFERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS 2
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229
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SB-187
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SB-187
8.
1998 SECTION II
Temper
10.3.3 The axis of the bend shall be at an angle of 90 deg. to the direction of rolling, drawing, or extrusion (right way bend).
8.1 Tempers available under this specification and as described in Practice B 601 are as follows:
10.3.4 Edgewise and wrong way bend test requirements for bar or bus bar shall be by agreement between the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.
Temper Designation
9.
Former
Standard
O60
Soft anneal
11.
Physical Properties
11.1 Copper UNS No. C10200 shall be substantially free of cuprous oxide as determined by Procedure A, Microscopical Examination, of Test Methods B 577.
9.1 Electrical Resistivity 9.1.1 When specified in the order, the electrical resistivity of Copper UNS Nos. C10200 and C11000 shall not exceed the limits prescribed in Table 2 for specified copper, temper, form, and size when determined in accordance with Test Method B 193.
11.1.1 In case of dispute, testing shall be in accordance with Procedure C, Closed Bend Test, of Test Methods B 577.
12. 10.
Microscopical Examination
Mechanical Properties
Embrittlement Test
12.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, Copper UNS No. C10200 shall pass the embrittlement test described in Procedure B, Microscopical Examination of Thermally Treated Specimens, in Test Methods B 577.
10.1 Tensile Requirements 10.1.1 The tension test shall be the standard test for all tempers and acceptance or rejection for mechanical properties shall depend only on the tensile strength, which shall conform to the requirements in Table 2.
12.1.1 In case of dispute, testing shall be in accordance with Procedure C, Closed Bend Test, of Test Methods B 577.
10.1.1.1 For shapes, the tensile requirements (if any) shall be by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. 10.2 Rockwell Hardness
13.
10.2.1 Rockwell hardness tests offer a quick and convenient method of checking copper of any temper for general conformity to the requirements of tensile strength. The approximate Rockwell hardness values for the specified tempers are given in Table 2 for general information and assistance in testing.
Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
13.1 The dimensions and tolerances for material manufactured under this specification shall be as specified in the following tables: 13.2 Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces 13.2.1 Bar: Rectangular and Square
10.3 Bending Requirements 10.3.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, for bar, bus bar, flat wire, and rod, test specimens shall withstand being bent cold (right way bend) through an angle as specified in Table 2 for the specified temper and size without fracture on the outside of the bent portion and with no evidence of slivers, cracks, orange peel, or similar surface defects being visible to the unaided eye.
13.2.1.1 Thickness Tolerances for Rectangular and Square Bar — See Tables 3 and 4.
10.3.2 The bend shall be made on a radius equal to the minimum cross-sectional dimension of the specimen, and this dimension shall be radial to the bend.
13.4 Coils — The coil size shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser and shall be specified in the order.
13.2.1.2 Width Tolerances for Rectangular and Square Bar — See Tables 5 and 6. 13.3 Shapes — The dimensional tolerances of shapes shall be as agreed upon by the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser and shall be specified in the order.
230
PART B — NONFERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
TABLE 5 WIDTH TOLERANCES FOR EXTRUDED RECTANGULAR AND SQUARE BAR
TABLE 3 THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR EXTRUDED RECTANGULAR AND SQUARE BAR PLUS AND MINUS, [NOTE (1)], in.
Width, in.
Width 2 a nd Under
Thickness 0.188 to 0.500 incl Over 0.500 to 1.000 incl Over 1.000 to 2.000 incl
Ove r 2 to 4 Incl
Over 4 to 8 Incl
Over 8 to 12 Incl
0.003
0.004
0.0045
0.0055
0.004
0.0045
0.005
0.006
0.0045
0.005
0.006
SB-187
Tolerances, Plus and Minus [Note (1)], in.
1.250 and under Over 1.250 to 2 incl Over 2 to 4 incl Over 4 to 12 incl
0.005 0.008 0.012 0.30 [Note (2)]
NOTES: (1) When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, double the values given. (2) Percent of specified width expressed to the nearest 0.001 in.
...
NOTE: (1) When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, double the values given.
TABLE 6 WIDTH TOLERANCES FOR NON-EXTRUDED RECTANGULAR AND SQUARE BAR, PLUS AND MINUS, in. [NOTE (1)]
TABLE 4 THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR NON-EXTRUDED RECTANGULAR AND SQUARE BAR THICKNESS TOLERANCES, PLUS AND MINUS, [NOTE (1)] in., FOR WIDTHS GIVEN IN in. Thickness
2 a nd Ove r 2 to Under Incl 4 Incl
0.188 to 0.250 incl Over 0.250 to 0.375 incl Over 0.375 to 0.500 incl Over 0.500 to 0.750 incl Over 0.750 to 1.000 incl Over 1.000 to 1.500 incl Over 1.500 to 2.000 incl
Over 4 to 8 Incl
Over 8 to 12 Incl
Width, in. Thickness
4 and Under 0.008
4 to 8 Incl
Over 8 to 12 Incl
0.0025
0.003
0.0035
0.005
0.188 to 0.500 incl
0.003
0.004
0.0045
0.005
Over 0.500
0.0035
0.0045
0.005
0.006
0.004
0.005
0.0055
0.007
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.009
NOTES: (1) When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, double the values given. (2) Percent of the specified width expressed to the nearest 0.001 in. (3) If sawed, the tolerance is 1 ⁄ 32.
0.015
0.020
0.022
0.025
0.020
0.024
0.026
0.030
1
⁄ 32
0.20 [Note (2)] 1
⁄ 32
0.20 [Note (2) or (3)] 1 ⁄ 32
NOTE: (1) When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, double the values given.
TABLE 7 LENGTH TOLERANCES FOR ROD, BAR, AND SHAPES (FULL-LENGTH PIECES SPECIFIC AND STOCK LENGTHS WITH OR WITHOUT ENDS)
13.5 Length 13.5.1 Specified Length — When exact lengths are ordered, the lengths shall be not less than the ordered length and shall not exceed it by more than the amount specified in Table 7.
Length Classification Specific lengths Up to 6 ft Over 6 to 15 ft Over 15 ft Specific lengths with ends Stock lengths with or without ends
13.5.2 Stock Lengths — For material ordered in stock lengths, full-length pieces shall be not less than the designated length and shall not exceed it by more 231
Tolerances, All Plus, in. (Applicable Only to Full-Length Pieces) 1
⁄ 8 ⁄ 4 1 ⁄ 2 1 1 1
SB-187
1998 SECTION II
TABLE 10 RADIUS FOR SQUARE CORNERS
TABLE 8 SCHEDULE OF LENGTHS (SPECIFIC AND STOCK) WITH ENDS Dia or Distance Between Shortest Parallel Surfaces Permissible for Round Length Hexagonal, Rectangular [Note (2)], Octagonal Rod, Bar Area % of and Square [Note (1)], Nominal Nominal Bar, in. in.2 Length, ft Length 1
⁄ 2 and under
0.250 and under Over 1 ⁄ 2 to 1 incl Over 0.250 to 1 incl Over 1 to 1 1 ⁄ 2 incl Over 1 to 2.25 incl Over 11 ⁄ 2 to 2 incl Over 2.25 to 4 incl Over 2 to 3 incl Over 4 to 9 incl
6 to 14 incl 6 to 14 incl 6 to 12 incl 6 to 12 incl 6 to 10 incl
Specified Thickness, (in.) 1
⁄ 32 to 1 ⁄ 16 incl Over 1 ⁄ 16 to 3 ⁄ 16 incl Over 3 ⁄ 16 to 1 incl Over 1
Max Permissible Weight of Ends, % of Lot Weight
75
20
70
30
60
40
50
45
40
50
NOTES: (1) Width times thickness, disregarding any rounded corner or edges. (2) Expressed to the nearest 1 ⁄ 2 ft.
Max Radius Permissible for Square Corners (in.) 1
⁄ 100 ⁄ 64 1 ⁄ 32 1 ⁄ 16 1
GENERAL NOTE: The arc shall not necessarily be tangent at points A, but the product shall be commercially free from sharp, rough, or projecting edges.
FIG. 1 ROUNDED CORNERS TABLE 9 STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCES APPLICABLE TO ANY LONGITUDINAL SURFACE OR EDGE
13.6.1 To determine compliance with this section, rod and bar shall, in case of disagreement, be checked by the following method:
Portion of Total Max Length in Which Curvature Depth of Arc is (Depth of Arc), in. Measured, in. Rod Shapes Bar (except hard-drawn rectangular bar listed in following line) Hard-drawn rectangular bar 1 ⁄ 8 to 5 ⁄ 8 in. incl in thickness, having widths ranging from 2 to 6 in. incl
1
⁄ 2 ⁄ 2 1 ⁄ 4 1
1
⁄ 8
13.6.1.1 Place the rod or bar on a level table so that the arc or departure from straightness is horizontal. Measure the maximum depth of arc to the nearest 1 ⁄ 32 in. using a steel scale and a straight edge.
120 72 60
13.7 Edge Contours 13.7.1 Angles — All polygonal sections shall have substantially exact angles and sharp corners.
96
13.7.2 Square Corners — Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, bar shall be finished with commercially square corners with the maximum permissible radius shown in Table 10. 13.7.3 Rounded Corners — When specified in the contract or purchase order, bar may be finished with corners rounded as shown in Fig. 1 to a quarter circle with a radius as shown in Table 11. The tolerance on the radius shall be 25%.
than 1 in. Short lengths may be included as prescribed in Table 8. 13.6 Straightness — Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the material shall be supplied in straight lengths. The deviation from absolute straightness of any longitudinal surface or edge shall not exceed the limitations prescribed in Table 9.
13.7.4 Rounded Edge — When specified in the contract or purchase order, bar may be finished with edges rounded as shown in Fig. 2, with a radius of curvature as shown in Table 12. 232
PART B — NONFERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
SB-187
TABLE 11 RADIUS FOR ROUNDED CORNERS Nominal Radius of Corners, in.
Spe cified Thickness, in.
For Widths Up to and Incl udi ng 2× Thickness
Up to 0.072 incl
0.012
Over 0.072 to 1 ⁄ 8 incl Over 1 ⁄ 8 to 3 ⁄ 16 incl Over 3 ⁄ 16 to 1 incl Over 1
1
⁄ 64
1
⁄ 32 1 ⁄ 16 1 ⁄ 8
GENERAL NOTE: The arc shall not necessarily be tangent at points A, but shall be substantially symmetrical with the axis of the product, and the product shall be commercially free from sharp, rough, or projecting edges.
Fo r Wi dths More Than 2× Thickness Full rounded edges as given in 13.7.5 Full rounded edges as given in 13.7.5 1 ⁄ 32 1 ⁄ 16 1 ⁄ 8
FIG. 3 FULL ROUNDED EDGE
NOTE 2 — For the purpose of determining conformance with the dimensional requirements prescribed in this specification, any measured value outside the specified limiting values for any dimension may be cause for rejection.
14.
Specimen Preparation
14.1 Microscopical Examination — Specimen preparation shall be in accordance with Procedure A of Test Methods B 577. GENERAL NOTE: The arc shall be substantially symmetrical with the axis of the product. The corners A will usually be sharp, but shall not have rough or projecting edges.
15. FIG. 2 ROUNDED EDGE
15.1 Refer to Specification SB-249 for the appropriate mechanical test method. 15.2 Chemical composition shall, in case of disagreement, be determined as follows:
TABLE 12 RADIUS FOR ROUNDED EDGE Specified Thickness, in. Up to 3 ⁄ 16 incl Over 3 ⁄ 16
Element
Nominal Radius of Tolerance on Radius, Ro und ed Edg e, in . Pl us and Mi nus, i n. 11 ⁄ 4 × thickness 11 ⁄ 4 × thickness
Test Methods
Copper Phosphorus Selenium
1
⁄ 2 × thickness ⁄ 4 × thickness
1
Silver Tellurium
13.7.5 Full Rounded Edge — When specified in the contract or purchase order, bar may be finished with substantially uniform round edges, the radius of curvature being approximately one half the thickness of the product as shown in Fig. 3, but in no case to exceed one half the thickness of the product by more than 25%.
ASTM Test Method E 53 E 62 Refer to Annex, Specification B 216 E 478 Refer to Annex, Specification B 216
15.2.1 Test method(s) for the determination of element(s) resulting from contractual or purchaser order agreement shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.
16.
13.7.6 Shapes — Products with edge or corner contours other than described in 13.7.1 through 13.7.5 are classified as shapes.
Keywords
16.1 bar; bus bar; copper; electrical conductors; embrittlement test; rod; shapes 233
SB-187
1998 SECTION II
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X.
RESISTIVITY
X1.1 “Resistivity” is used in place of “conductivity.” The value of 0.15328 ·g/m2 at 20°C (68°F) is the international standard for the resistivity of annealed copper equal to 100% conductivity. This term means that a wire 1 m in length and weighing 1 g, would have a resistance of 0.15328 . This is equivalent to a resistivity value of 875.20 ·lb/mile2, which signifies the resistance of a wire 1 mile in length weighing 1 lb. It is also equivalent, for example, to 1.7241 / cm of length of a bar 1 cm2 in cross section. A complete discussion of this subject is contained in NBS Handbook 100 of the National Institute of Standards Technology. Relationships which may be useful in connection with the values of resistivity prescribed in this specification are as shown in Table X1.1, each column containing equivalent expressions at 20°C (68°F).
TABLE X1.1 RESISTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS Conductivity at 68°F, % ·g/m2 ·lb/mile2 ·cmil/ft ·mm2 /m ·in. ·cm
101.0
100.0
98.40
98.16
97.40
98.16
0.15176 886.53 10.268 0.017070 0.67207 1.7070
0.15328 875.20 10.371 0.017241 0.67879 1.7241
0.15577 889.42 10.539 0.017521 0.68981 1.7521
0.15614 891.60 10.565 0.017564 0.69151 1.7564
0.15737 898.55 10.648 0.017701 0.69690 1.7701
0.15940 910.15 10.785 0.017930 0.70590 1.7930
234
90.0 0.17031 972.44 11.523 0.019156 0.75421 1.9157
88.0 0.17418 994.55 11.785 0.019592 0.77135 1.9592
