Main difference betweeen 10g to 11g in SOA suite SCA architecture was followed in 11g and not in 10g In 11g one can put all our project SOA components in composite.xml file and deploy to single server, where in 10g we have to deploy each component to the respective server(i.e ESB to ESB server, BPEL to BPEL Server)
i) Basically all the SOA components like BPEL, ESB (Called Mediator in 11g), & OWSM are brought into one place in 11g using SCA composite concept. ii) The major difference between 10g & 11g would be the app server container. 10g by default runs on OC4J while 11g runs on Weblogic Server. iii) In 10g every BPEL is a separate separate project, but in in 11g several components can make 1 project as SCA. iv) In 10g consoles are separate for BPEL and ESB, but in 11g Enterprise Enterprise Manager contains all. v) In 10g we have to deploy each project separately, but in 11g we can deploy SCA which contains all. vi) In 10g BAM BAM and business business rules rules are outside SOA Suite, but in 11g they they are in SOA Suite
Oracle SOA suite Documents reference Please use this page to access SOA suite fundamental documents reference. http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E21764_01/integration.1111/e10223/toc.htm
Oracle Patch Set Update and Critical Patch Update January 2012 https://support.oracle.com/CSP/main/article? cmd=show&type=NOT&id=1374524.1#CHDHBCCH
PatchSet Patch Set Updateand Critical PatchUpdateJanuary2 PatchUpdateJanuary2012 012AvailabilityDocument[ID Document[ID 1374524.1]
Oracle SOA Suite 11G Downloads http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/soasuite/downloads/index.html
Different Types of OutOf Memory Error Different Out Of Memory Issues * Exception in thread “CompilerThread1? java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: requested 793020 bytes for Chunk::new. Out of swap space?
Out of memory while reading in symbol table of /apps/bea/weblogic92/jdk1.5.0.18/opt/java1.5/jre/lib/PA_RISC2.0/server/libjvm.sl ( 0) 0xc8461230 [/apps/bea/weblogic92/jdk1.5.0.18/opt/java1.5/jre/lib/PA_RISC2.0/server/libjvm.sl] ( 1) 0xc80a5fec [/apps/bea/weblogic92/jdk1.5.0.18/opt/java1.5/jre/lib/PA_RISC2.0/server/libjvm.sl] ( 2) 0xc7f00420 [/apps/bea/weblogic92/jdk1.5.0.18/opt/java1.5/jre/lib/PA_RISC2.0/server/libjvm.sl] ( 3) 0xc7f00ca0 [/apps/bea/weblogic92/jdk1.5.0.18/opt/java1.5/jre/lib/PA_RISC2.0/server/libjvm.sl] ( 4) 0xc8368d08 [/apps/bea/weblogic92/jdk1.5.0.18/opt/java1.5/jre/lib/PA_RISC2.0/server/libjvm.sl] ( 5) 0xc005b2e4 __pthread_body + 0×44 [/usr/lib/libpthread.1] [/usr/lib/libpthread.1] ( 6) 0xc0065574 __pthread_start + 0×14 [/usr/lib/libpthread.1] [/usr/lib/libpthread.1] Java out of memory messages are marked with pid: 13828 in /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log. Possible causes: - not enough swap space left, or - kernel parameter MAXDSIZ is very small. Solution: Although it appears that an OutOfMemoryError Ou tOfMemoryError is thrown this apparent exception is reported by the HotSpot VM code when an allocation from the native heap failed and the native heap may be b e close to exhaustion. The message indicates the size (in bytes) of the request that failed and also indicates what the memory is required for. In some cases the reason will be shown but in most cases the reason will be the name of a source module reporting the allocation failure. If an OutOfMemoryError with this error is thrown it may require using utilities on the operating system to diagnose the issue further. Examples of issues that may not be related to the application are when the operating op erating system is configured with insufficient swap space, or when there is another process on the system that is consuming all memory resources. If neither of these issues is the cause then it is possible that the application is failed due to native leak; for example, application or library code is continuously allocating memory but is not releasing it to the operating system. For more information: http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5/pdf/jdk50_ts_guide.pdf The recommendation for swap space size in the Solaris is that swap should be configured about 30% of physical RAM. The following link has suggested a workaround to add ‘-XX:+UseDefaultStackSize -Xss256K’ parameter. http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=4916142 Add: -XX:CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace=2M -XX:+ReservedCodeCacheSize=64M -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=384m (As per your other JVM settings)
Sun team needs to be involved for this issue. Usually such issues are solved by sun support. ============================================================== * java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: unable to create new native thread at java.lang.Thread.start0(Native Method) at java.lang.Thread.start(Thread.java:574) at weblogic.work.RequestManager.createThreadAndExecute(RequestManager.java:271) at weblogic.work.RequestManager.executeIt(RequestManager.java:245) at weblogic.work.ServerWorkManagerImpl.schedule(ServerWorkManagerImpl.java:142) Solution: 1) Set kernel parameter maxdsiz to a higher value 2) Reduce the current heap size. 3) Check the kernel values: ulimit -a 4) If the NPROC soft limit is lower than the hard limit, increase it as needed: ulimit -u . Check the Operating System documentation to make changes permanent at the OS configuration files. 5) Need to reduce the JVM stack size and the OS stack size both. Set the -xss in java options and set ulimit -s on the OS level. =========================================================== * java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructors0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredConstructors(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.getConstructor(Unknown Source) Solution: Increase the max permgen space -XX:MaxPermSize=256m There can be a leak in the permgen objects. If tuning parameters do not resolve the issue, we need to use the memory leak detector tools and find out which instances in the permgen space are not getting cleared. ============================= * java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: allocLargeObjectOrArray – Object size: 372032, Num elements: 372012 * java.lang.outofmemoryerror: nativeGetNewTLA Solution: -XXtlasize:128k -XXlargeobjectlimit:128k
If this does not solve the issue, we need to check in the application code for the large objects being created and not being destroyed. Take JRA Recording (Oracle JRockit) or use JConsole and memory leak detector tools (JMAP, JHAT) for analysis on the ============================= * java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java Heap Space Solution: First thing that needs to be checked is the gc logs. Need to check whether the garbage collection is happening properly. If the heap keeps gradually increasing even after full gc, tune the gc algorithms and check if the behavior is the same. Use memory leak detector tools for both sun jdk and JRockit to check which instances from the application are not getting destroyed. If this is not the case and the application genuinely needs more memory, increase the heap size by using the parameters: Example: -Xms2048m -Xmx2048m ============================= * java.lang.StackOverflowError Solution: Stack over flow error is usually generated d ue to a recursive call made by the application (infinite recursion), or its because of an attempt to allocate more memory on the stack than will fit. This is usually the result of creating local array variables that are far too large for the current stack. For the first possibility, we need to check the application code as to where is the recursive call being made. For the second possibility, we can increase the JVM stack size by the parameter : Example: -Xss512K
What is Memory leaks on JVM? Memory Leaks: The JVM is responsible for automatic memory management, which reclaims the unused memory for the application. However, if an application keeps a reference to an object that it no longers needs, the object cannot be garbage collected and will occupy space in the heap until the object is removed. Such unintentional object retention is referred to as a memory leak. If the application leaks large amounts of memory, it will eventually run out of memory, and an OutOfMemoryError will be thrown.
In addition, garbage collection may take place more frequently as the application attempts to free up space, thus causing the application to slow down. -----++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++===================
FAQ: Commonly asked SOA interview Questions 1. What do you mean by Race Conditions in BPEL? 2. How do you maintaining corelations in business processes? 3. How commit and rollback works in Oracle SOA? 4. How to tune BPEL? - http://orasoa.blogspot.com/2009/10/tuning-bpel-and-weblogic92.html 5. Types of Bpel basic activities(Invoke, Recieve, Reply, Wait, Assign, Throw, Compensate, Empty) and structured activities(Flow, Scope, Sequence, Switch Case,Otherwise , While, Pick - On receive,On alarm)
6. Explain SOA architecture? Service Oriented Architecture - Technologies, Products, APIs, Supporting Extensions, Implementation technology, runtime platform, physical and logical tiers, resources and repositories, infrastucture extensions, other parts. SOA establishes an architectural model that aims to enhan ce the efficiency, agility, and productivity of an enterprise by positioning services as the primary means through which solution logic is represented in support of the realization of the strategic goals associated with service-oriented computing. 7. Explain WSDL structure? Webservice Defination language - Services, Bindings, Port Types or Operation, Messages, partner links and endpoints XML based language to describe,ocate web services and how to access them. contains XMLNS and XSD
8. What is the use of SOA in IT industry and how it resoves the problem? Remove redundancy, reuse, accelerated delivery, well defined services that interract with each other. SOAP - Simple Object Access Protocol HTTP - Hypertext transfer protocol 9. Why we use BPEL and ESB in SOA? BPEL - Business Process Execution Language , used is version 1.0 for standardizing business process description as well as standardization of interaction
between business processes in a distributed environment. BPEL extends the Web services interaction model and depends on the Web Services Description Language (WSDL) to define outgoing and incoming messages. BPEL supplies a notion of abstract processes to describe externally visible behavior as well as executable processes, which can be run either by some interpreter or by compiling them into some executable form. ESB - Enterprise Service Bus Main function - interface between the external applications and the integration/middleware layer Scaling of the message Routing of the message Distribution of the message One to many distribution based on the header or body 10. What is the main concept behind ESB? Selective Routing and in AIA it is a must have for the architecture complaineces 11. What builds up Oracle Fusion Middleware? Support for SOA architechture with XML, XSD, XPATH, WSDL, JAVA, J2EE, Forms and Webcenter for ADF development, Application Server - OC4J and Weblogic SOA Suite versions support - 10g and 11g AIA and Other Components
12. What are various parts of Oracle SOA Suite? BPEL Process Manager Human Workflow Adapters Business Rules BAM Complex Event Processing Oracle ESB/OSB Oracle B2B OWSM Adapters - File, JMS(Queue and Topic), AQ, DB Adapter IDE Jdeveloper 13. What is the main function of Business Rules? Business rules are statements that describe business policies or describe key business decisions. Decides wether the rule has to be applied in the business process execution or not 14. Why we use Web service Manager? Administration and Management of Web Services like Po licy Management and Security of web service
15. How can we secure our web services using Oracle SOA Suite? Authorization, Authentication, Transport Level Security, Application Level Security 16. Explain about your project Architecture? 17. How you are using SOA in your architecture (Flow of BPEL--> ESB)? 18. What is the use of PICK activity in BPEL PM? 19. Why we use Decision service? For rules
20. How can we improve the performance of an XSL file? Answer: - By avoiding use of various if statements and using choose, and by using foreach group in place of for-each. 21. How to deploy an XSL file without deployment of BPEL Process? Using ANT script by file replacement in TMP folder. By creating a folder in BPEL PM installation folder and specifying its location in our BPEL code with http call and replacing our xslt to that location
22 . Question on Dehydration Database
23. What is the use of Work_Item table? Work related activities for all the assign activities. 24. How can we clear the instances using dehydration database? Purging the table data 25. How can you call a web service or BPEL process in an ESB? Answer: ¸ By selecting the service of deployed BPEL process -- It creates problem while deployment as it has dependencies. ¸ By copying the wsdl of deployed process and then creating a SOAP service of that process.
26. What are DVM's and how are they helpful in SOA? 27. What is end point virtualization?
=============================================================== =============================================================== ===========
1) What is SOA, Oracle SOA suite, BPEL, ESB 2) Designer for Business process 3) difference between BPEL and ESB 4) role of XML in EAI 5) activities in BPEL 6) transactions (XA) and fault (exception) management 7) Run time components of SOA 8) calling external web service 9) calling asynch BPEL process within empty BPEL process 10) combination of ESB and BPEL and third party web services 11) java embedding 12) BPEL and ESB console 14) Adapter - concepts, integration, life-cycle mngmt, translation errors 15) Oracle E-Biz adapter and capturing event from oracle ERP 16) fine tuning BPEL process 17) deployment framework 18) business rules and AIA 19) email notification and rejection handler 20 ) patches and installation - unix based and windows based 21) external resource management (example MQ shared library and third party jar files) 22) OAS administration - 10.1.3.4 / 10.1.3.5 23) JMS and connection pools 24) transformation and iteration 25) which are the areas you think Oracle SOA fits perfectly [answer - EAI with real-time data transfer, need heavy data communication with rich business logic, Oracle ERP in existing environement] 26) loose coupling and control at central point (orchestration vs. choreography) Java related questions with respect to EAI 1) XML and XSD 2) JAXp and JAXb 3) collections 4) web container and application server =============================================================== ====================================================
1. Is Oracle SOA same as Oracle Fusion Middleware Oracle Fusion Middleware is a collection of standards-based software products that spans a range of tools and services from J2EE and developer tools, to integration services, business intelligence, collaboration, and content management. Oracle Fusion Middleware offers complete support for development, deployment, and management. Oracle SOA Suite is an essential middleware layer of O racle Fusion Middleware. It provides a complete set of Service Infrastructure components for designing, deploying, and managing composite applications 2. What is SOA Governance Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) governance is a concept used for activities related to exercising control over services in an SOA 3. How to increase performance increase in bpel (Db Adapter/file adapter) We can increase the performance by writing indexes and sequences. (Or) Go to application server --- >Configurations ----- > Change Xml file 4. Predefined errors in BPEL? Custom errors Timed out errors BPM errors Validation Errors 5. Is it possible to use MS SQL Server as dehydration store with SOA Suite ?if yes how? Yes it is possible. To automatically maintain long-running asynchronous processes and their current state information in a database while they wait for asynchronous callbacks, you use a database as a dehydration store. Storing the process in a database preserves the process and prevents any loss of state or reliability if a system shuts down or a network problem occ urs. This feature increases both BPEL process reliability and scalability. You can also use it to support clustering and failover. 6. What are the various elements in WSDL? Various elements are: Types, messages, operation, port, bindings and Services. Typesñ a container for data type definitions using some type system (such as XSD). Messageñ an abstract, typed definition of the data being communicated. Operationñ an abstract description of an action supported by the service. Port Typeñan abstract set of operations supported by one or more endpoints. Bindingñ a concrete protocol and data format specification for a particular port type. Portñ a single endpoint defined as a combination of a binding and a network address. Serviceñ a collection of related endpoints.
7. Why do we need to have messages in WSDL, aren't operations and types enough to
describe the parameters for a web service Messages consist of one or more logical parts. Each part is associated with a type from some type system using a message-typing attribute. The set o f message-typing attributes is extensible. ïThe element describes the data being exchanged between the Web service providers and consumers. ï Each Web Service has two messages: input and output. ïThe input describes the parameters for the Web Service and the output describes the return data from the Web Service. ïEach message contains zero or more parameters, one for each parameter of the Web Service's function. ïEach parameter associates with a concrete type defined in the container element. So describing the parameters cannot performed by operations and types this is the main need of Messages 8. What is structure of SOAP message? The structure of a SOAP message: A SOAP message is encoded as an XML document, consisting of an element, which contains an optional element, and a mandatory element. The element, contained within the , is used for reporting errors. The SOAP envelope The SOAP is the root element in every SOAP message, and contains two child elements, an optional and a mandatory . The SOAP header The SOAP is an optional sub-element of the SOAP envelope, and is used to pass application-related information that is to be processed by SOAP nodes along the message path. The SOAP body The SOAP is a mandatory sub-element of the SOAP envelope, which contains information intended for the ultimate recipient of the message. The SOAP fault The SOAP is a sub-element of the SOAP body, which is used for reporting errors. With the exception of the element, which is contained in the of a SOAP message, XML elements within the and the are defined by the applications that make use of them, although the SOAP specification imposes some constraints on their structure. Figure shows the main elements of a SOAP message. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++===========================================
SOA 11g Admin - Interview Questions
1. Define relation between Oracle SOA Suite and Weblogic.
2. Functional differences between Fusion EM console and WLS Admin console. 3. List some key Fusion Middleware 11g products and their usage in brief. 4. Define key components/building blocks/basic architecture of Oracle SOA Suite. 5. Explain concept of domains, admin, managed server in Weblogic. 6. Difference between Weblogic Development and Production mode. 7. Explain Node Manager in Weblogic. 8. Key functionality of Nodemanager. 9. What are the different types of nodemanager? 10. What is the default port number of nodemanager? 11. Mention the path for Nodemanager home. 12. Explain some properties present in nodemanager.properties file. 13. Is Nodemanager setup mandatory in a standalone WLS installation? 14. Is nodemanager setup mandatory in a clustered WLS environment? If not what are the demerits. 15. Explain the functionalities of Node manager in a clustered WLS environment. 16. Explain the term managed Server Independence mode. 17. Can I start a managed server even if Admin server is down? 18. Can I make configurationally changes to managed server if admin server is down? 19. Explain significance of admin server in a WLS domain. 20. Why do you think Oracle recommends not deploying applications to Admin server in production environments? 21. Explain different ways of starting or stopping WLS Admin/managed server. 22. What is config.xml? Where can I find it? 23. You deployed a faulty code to Admin server which brought it down. You are not able
to restart it. How would you undeploy the faulty piece of code then? 24. How do I clear cache for a WLS managed/Admin server? 25. What is meant by data source? 26. Explain how would you tune a data source and apply some best practices to it. 27. Explain difference between multicast and unicast IP. 28. Explain hardware requirement for a WLS 2 node cluster. 29. How do you configure OHS/Apache web server for a 2 node WLS cluster? 30. What is the role of mds in ofmw? 31. What are the main components of ofmw and their usage in brief? 32. Explain the procedure for installation of ofmw components in a cluster environment? 33. What is a SOA composite? 34. Path of the server related log files 35. What is synchronus and asynchronous process in BPEL 36. Basic commands in solaris like checking the CPU usage RAM consumption 37. Basic questions on database 38. List the various adapters used 39. What is SOA, Oracle SOA suite, BPEL, ESB 40. Designer for Business process 41. Difference between BPEL and ESB 42. Transactions and fault (exception) management 43. Run time components of SOA 44. Calling external web service 45. Calling asynch BPEL process within empty BPEL process
46. Combination of ESB and BPEL and third party web services 47. Java embedding 48. BPEL and OSB console 49. Adapter - concepts, integration, life-cycle mgmt., translation errors 50. Oracle E-Biz adapter and capturing event from oracle ERP 51. Fine tuning BPEL process 52. Deployment framework 53. Business rules and AIA 54. Email notification and rejection handler 55. Patches and installation - UNIX based and windows based 56. External resource management (example MQ shared library and third party jar files) 57. JMS and connection pools 58. Transformation and iteration 59. Which are the areas you think Oracle SOA fits perfectly [Answer - EAI with real-time data transfer, need heavy data communication with rich business logic, Oracle ERP in existing environment]
60. Loose coupling and control at central point (orchestration vs. choreography) __+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++==================================== ========
What is Datasource,connectionpool..
1.Type of Data Source in weblogic? Ans:JDBC - Java Database Connectivity is used in oracle weblogic server. ODBC -Open Database connectivity can also be used. 2.Connection Pool means what? Its Purpose? Ans: ==>Connection Pool is used for creating establishing connection to a database from a datasource object that points to connection pool, when an external user/client accesses a weblogic portal.
==>It is done for making multiple connections to a database to make the next data available sooner or create two or more connections for multiple users, to access the database. 3.What is JDBC? Ans:Java DataBase Connectivity is a programming interface that lets java applications access a database via Sql Language. It is platform independent. With JDBC, ==>We can establish connection with a data source ==>Send queries and update statements with the data source ==>Process results. 4.What are the 11g SOA suite components? Ans: =>Java Developer =>Oracle Service bus =>Oracle policy manager =>Metadata service repository =>Oracle business activity monitoring =>Oracle Enterprise manager =>Bpel process manager =>Oracle business process manager =>Oracle mediator =>Oracle Adapters =>Oracle business rules =>Oracle user messaging service =>Oracle B2B =>Human Task 5.How SOA suite and OSB communicates? Ans:There are four types of communication by which SOA suite and OSB communicates. =>OSB invoking SOA/SCA synchronously ===>The direct Binding component of SOA/SCA is invoked by the OSB business service,through SOA DIRECT transport. =>OSB invoking SOA/SCA asynchronously ===>The direct Binding component of SOA/SCA is invoked by the OSB business service,through SOA DIRECT transport and the call-back message from the BPEL service will be handled by an OSB proxy service through the SB transport. =>SCA/SOA invoking OSB synchronously ===>The OSB consists of a proxy service, accepting the call from a SOA suite mediator component through SB transport. =>SCA/SOA invoking OSB asynchronously ===>The OSB consists of a proxy service, accepting the call from a SOA suite mediator component through SB transport and call-back messages are implemented in asynchronous manner. 6.What is managed server?
Ans:A domain has a server instance, called administration domain, from which all other resources are managed. In addition to the Administration server, we configure a domain to include additional weblogic server instances called managed servers. We deploy other components like web applications, EJB's and webservices to managed servers, while Admin is for configuration purpose only. In short we can say managed servers are used for deployment, while admin is for configuration purpose only. To optimize performance, Managed Servers maintain a read-only copy of the domain's configuration document. When a Managed Server starts up, it connects to the domain's Administration Server to synchronize its configuration document with the document that the Administration Server maintains.
7.What is admin server? Ans:The Administration Server operates as the central control entity for the c onfiguration of the entire domain. It maintains the domain's configuration documents and distributes changes in the configuration documents to Managed Servers. The Administration Server serves as a central location from which to monitor all resources in a domain. Each domain must have one server instance that acts as the Administration Server. 8.Difference between http and https? Ans:HTTP-hypertext transfer protocol A protocol allows us to communicate with the websites. HTTPS-hypertext transfer protocol secure It means the information is exchanged, after encrypting to avoid hijacking passwords. It follows through ssl-secure socket layer encryption, provided by verisign, an internet infrastructure service. Posted by Karthik at 00:18 No comments: Email ThisBlogThis!Share to Twitter Share to Facebook
Service Oriented Architecture(SOA)
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SOA- Service Oriented Architecture 1.What is SOA? SOA is a architecture for building business applications using loosely coupled services which act like black boxes and can be orchestrated to achieve a specific functionality by linking together. Expln: SOA components are loosely coupled . When we say loosely coupled means every service is self contained and exist in alone logically. For instance we take the ‘payment gateway’ service and attach it to a different system. SOA services are black boxes . In SOA services hide their inner complexities. They only interact using messages and send services depending on those messages. By visualizing services as black boxes services become more loosely coupled.
2. A practical example in SOA?
3. The complete architecture of SOA..? It’s a general architecture. Any vendor who implements SOA needs to fulfill the below SOA components. How they do it is completely their own technological implementation.
4. Three terminologies on which SOA service stands. They are, • Address (Where): An Address indicates where we can find this service. Address is a URL, which points to the location of the service. • Binding (How): Bindings determine how this end can be accessed. It determines how communications is done. For instance, you expose your service, which can be accessed using SOAP over HTTP or BINARY over TCP. So for each of these communications medium two bindings will be created.
• Contract (What): Contract is an agreement between two or more parties. It defines the protocol how client should communicate with your service. Technically, it describes parameters and return values for a method. Fig show the three main components of end. You can see the stock ticker is the service class, which has an end hosted on www. soa.com
with HTTP and TCP binding support and using Stock Ticker interface type.
5. Are Webservices SOA? Which architectural approach suits SOA? No Webservices are not SOA. The most compelling reason for saying that Web Services are not SOA is that they are technical stuff, often built with a Bottom-Up approach. SOA is an architectural style. And building architecture is a Top-Down process and not Bottom-Up. Building a Bottom-UP SOA is a wrong approach and might lead to an architecture with a lot of redundancy or maybe no architecture at all. However, the result of building SOA only TopDown could be perceptual Architecture building with no run time artifacts, so some SOA efforts should be Bottom-Up efforts. To sum up: Initially SOA is a Top-Down approach but pragmatic approach requires mixing Top-Down approach with Bottom-Up approach.
6. What is meant by SOA Suite? Oracle’s SOA Suite, is a comprehensive, hot-pluggable software suite to build, deploy and manage service oriented architecture (SOA). It is a
Middleware component of the Oracle Fusion Middleware. Oracle SOA Suite enables services to be created, managed, and orchestrated into SOA composite applications. Composites enable you to easily assemble multiple technology components into one SOA composite application. Oracle SOA Suite plugs into heterogeneous IT infrastructures and enables enterprises to incrementally adopt SOA. It includes what Oracle calls "hot-pluggable" architecture, [2]designed to facilitate integration with existing applications and systems from other software vendors such as IBM, Microsoft , and SAP AG.
7. Oracle’s SOA Suite Contains What? Oracle’s SOA Suite contains Products integrated together to achieve, specific services. Few Oracle Soa Suite products are •
BPEL – Business Process Execution Language
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BAM – Business Activity Monitor
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ESB – Enterprise Service Bus
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OSB – Oracle Service Bus
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OWSM - Oracle Web Service Manager
The Products are integrated together by Adapters, which is of three types. •
File Adapter
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Database Adapter
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Application Adapter
8. What is the difference between service and components? Service = Component (1+2..)n --------------------------Logical Grouping Component = (Java) + (C#) + (C++) + . . -------------Implementation Approaches using any Language(s) Component (1+2+..)n = Web Service ------------------General terminology
9. Give an Overview about BPEL. AbbreviationBPEL: Business Process Execution Language
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WS-BPEL:Web Services Business Process Execution Language
BPEL is a technology used to build programs in SOA architecture.BPEL defines a business Process independent of underlying applications, which can be rearranged. This process can also be done using XML intrepid. To run the codes generated in the above mentioned graphical(GUI)/XML intrepid , the code is parsed by BPEL engine , which does the same kind of parsing jobs as in other XML interpreters. Note:Here Each business process that runs is characterized by Web Services Descriptive Language (WSDL), whose messages are transmitted across the web by Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). BPEL’s XML contructs: •
Partners- Definitions of Actors in a business transaction.
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Containers- Definitions of Messages that needs to be transmitted.
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Operations-Definitions of types of Web services Connections that are required. Port types- Definitions of kinds of Web services connections that are required for operations.
BPEL, by defining processes blurs the difference between XML- a definition language and JAVA- an executable language, due to which it got it’s name Execution. 10. Give an overview of BAM. Abbreviation•
BAM:Business Activity Monitor
BAM is a software that aids in monitoring Business Activities, which are nothing but Business Processes, which were orchestrated earlier through Business Process Management software. BAM presents the monitored data on the dash boards, which contain the KPI’s –Key Performance Indicators. It differs from BI, in instantly providing monitored data, rather than analyzing the stored data and presenting the picture, by querying the database at set refresh intervals, as in BI. By Changing the refresh rate, the BI and BAM can be made similar or vast difference.
11. Give an overview of ESB & OSB. Abbreviation•
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ESB- Enterprise Service Bus- ESB moves data among multiple end points, both within and outside of the enterprise. It opens standards to connect, transform & Route business documents as XML messages among disperate applications. OSB- Oracle Service Bus (Also known as Aqua Logic Service Bus)- OSB provides low-cost, standards based integration for high volume, Mission critical SOA environments.
There are few Differences between OSB and ESB, in SLA-dashboard, Performance Tuning, Routing etc. OSB is better than ESB.
12. Give an overview of BR. Abbreviation•
BR -Business Rules
Business Rules enables Business analysts and Non-developers to easily define and dynamically (hot) modify business logic without programming.
13. Give an overview of B2B. Abbreviation•
B2B-Business to Business
B2B is an e-commerce, in which an enterprise extends its Business Processes over internet to reach its trading partners. It represents three types of services, •
Classic Business Processes
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Mature Business Documents
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Industry Tempered messaging services
Its requirements are as follows, Unified Business platform. End-End visibility on Instance. Centralised Security.
14. What is a Portal? Portal = Processes + Pieces of Functionality 1,2…n).
èSingle
Web Interface (Portlets
Portals are designed using HTML, Graphics, Animations, Cascading style sheets & Java Scripts.
15. What is a Web Logic Portal? WebLogic Portal provides a framework that dynamically constructs portal user interface on each request using standards-based components (such as XML, JSPs, JavaScript, cascading style sheets, and GIFs).
It can be customized according to each user, by assembling the portlets they need to work etc.
16. What is a WebLogic Server? Oracle Weblogic server is a server software application that runs on the middletier. That is between the database and browser based thin clients. Weblogic application Server is one of the popular application Server in the market.
17. What are the steps involved in installing a WebLogic Server? The Weblogic application Server includes the following products, •
Oracle Weblogic Server
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Oracle Coherence
Inaddition to these to products, depending upon the operating system we may need to install Java Runtime package also, to run the Weblogic application Server. •
Step1: Download the Package Installer
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Step2: Start
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Step3: Choose Home for Installing the package
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Step4: Register for the Security updates
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Step5: Typical / Custom Installation
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Step6: Choosing products and components Ex: 1.
Core Application Server
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Administration Console
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Config Wizard and upgrade framework
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Oracle Coherence
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Step7: Choosing Product Installation Directories
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Step8: Install Node manager Windows Service
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Step9:Choose shortcut location
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Step10: View Installation Summary
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Step 11: Begin Installation
Inorder to include any product after installing, re-run th installation package, with already installed products greyed. 19. What is Oracle Fusion Middleware? OFM is a technology for running different software applications that connects different components. Note: •
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Components = Implementation approaches using language to make a web service. (Java, c#, c++) Service is a logical grouping of components to achieve a business functionality.
Service = comp1+comp2+. . . . n OFM = { technology for ./ Service [ Software application1 (comp1+2+. . n), Software application2(comp1+2+. . n), . . n] } Component << Service << OFM
20. What is Oracle HTTP Server? An Oracle HTTP server is built using a variety of languages and technologies, •
Perl ( through mod- perl and CGI)
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C ( through CGI and fast CGI)
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C++ ( through fast CGI)
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PHP (through mod-php)
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Oracle PL/SQL A Server consists of Listener, modules and Interpreter. It can be a proxy server , both forward and reverse.
Note: Reverse server, enables content served by different servers to appear as if coming from 1 server.
21. What is ESB in Oracle SOA? An ESB ( Enterprise Service Bus) is a software architecture model used for designing and Implementing the interaction and communication between mutually interacting software applications in SOA.
All customer services communicate in the same way with the ESB: the ESB translates a message to the correct message type and sends the message to the correct producer service.
22. What is middleware?
Middleware in the context of distributed applications is software that provides services beyond those provided by the operating systems, to enable communication between various components of the distributed system and manage data. It includes Web servers, Application Servers , messaging and similar tools that supports application development and delivery. Middleware is especially an integral to modern information technology based on XML, SOAP, Web services and Service Oriented Architecture .
23.What is a Web Server? A Web Server is a Hardware ( Computer) or Software (the Computer application) that helps to deliver the Web content that can be accessed through Internet. Uses: • To Host Websites • To run Enterprise Applications •
Data Storage
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Gaming
24.What is an Application Server? An Application Server provides Software Applications with services such as Security, Data Services, Transaction Support, Load Balancing and Management of large distributed systems. It is not only restricted to JAVA, but Java Enterprise Edition, Java Platform defines the core set of API, that is followed for application Server hosting.
25.What is XML? XML is Extensible Markup Language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in both Human readable and Machine readable format.
It was defined by W3C.
26.What is SOAP ? SOAP is Simple Object Access Protocol, is a Protocol Specification for exchanging structured information in the implementation of web services in computer networks. It relies on XML, and on application layer protocols HTTP.
27.What is Web Service? Web Service is a method of communication between two electronic devices over the web (internet). W3C defines it as “ a software system designed to support interoperable machine to machine interaction over network” It is done using Web Service Description Language (WSDL) With SOAP protocol, depending on HTTP and XML serialization.
28.What is Web API? Web API, is a development of Web Services, where emphasis has been moved away from SOAP, to REST ( Representational State Transfer). It does not need XML, SOAP, or WSDL. It allows combination of multiple web service combinations called as mashups. Abbreviation: XML-Extensible Markup Language WSDL-Web Services Distribution Language HTTP-Hypertext Transfer Protocol SOAP-Simple Object Access Protocol
OSB-Oracle Service Bus ESB-Enterprise Service Bus BPEL-Business Process Execution Language BAM-Business Activity Monitor B2B-Business to Business LCR-Logical Change Record API-Application Programming Interface W3C-World Wide Web Consortium
6/5/2012 10:58 AMWhat are its main benefits? Of course, before getting deeper into the technical side of this muchdiscussed IT strategy, one needs to know its benefits first. One of the most important advantages of implementing SOA is the creation of a more improved alignment between the line of business and IT. This is attained without sacrificing better flexibility. In fact, IT flexibility is generated to complement greater flexibility for your business. Since your business processes will most likely keep up with the speed of global competition, the flexibility that SOA provides is of much importance. In short, SOA is capable of maximizing your existing IT investments in tandem with fresh set of services that you may have been developing of late. By using well-defined interfaces between varying services, the process of IT integration becomes a lot easier to attain. This results to an excellent architectural model ideal for integrating services provided by suppliers, business partners, and suppliers. Through this, a significant reduction of cost coupled with superb customer satisfaction is guaranteed. How to convert an enterprise business in a Service Oriented Architecture? In order to transform an existing enterprise business to SOA, there are some requirements that need to be obtained. These include service reusability, standardized service contract, service loose coupling, service abstraction, and service composability. Though various strategic goals that are associated with service-oriented technology can be pursued using this architectural model, the most suitable technology platform for SOA are Web Services +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++========================================================
What is the difference between 10g and 11g? SCA architecture was followed in 11g and not in 10g In 11g you can put all your project SOA components in composite.xml file and deploy to single server, where in 10g you have to deploy each component to the respective server (i.e ESB to ESB server, BPEL to BPEL Server)
Basically all the SOA components like BPEL, ESB (Called Mediator in 11g), & OWSM are brought into one place in 11g using SCA composite concept. The major difference between 10g & 11g would be the app server container. 10g by default runs onOC4J while 11g runs on Web logic Server. In 10g every BPEL is a separate project, but in 11g several components can make 1 project as SCA. In 10g consoles are separate for BPEL and ESB, but in 11g Enterprise Manager contains all. In 10g we have to deploy each project separately, but in 11g we can deploy SCA which contains all. In 10g BAM and business rules are outside SOA Suite, but in 11g they are in SOA Suite.
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2) What is SOA?
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is used to develop Enterprise applications by using a collection of services which communicates each other. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a set of principles and methodologies for designing and developing software in the form of interoperable services. 3) Principles of SOA ? • • • •
loose coupling Re-usability Interoperability Flexible
4) Is Oracle SOA same as Oracle Fusion Middleware ?
No because SOA is one of the part in Fusion middleware and SOA behaves like user interface where as Fusion is big platform 5) What is SCA?
Service Component Architecture (SCA) provides a programming model for building applications and systems based on a Service Oriented Architecture. SCA is a model that aims to encompass a wide range of technologies for service components and for the access methods which are used to connect them. 6) What is Web service?
Web services are application components, which are self-contained and self-describing and provide services based on the open protocol communication (i.e SOAP UI, HTTP over the net). 7) What is Mediator? The Mediator is in charge of interconnecting, within an SOA composite application, components that expose different interfaces. In addition, the Mediator can perform duties such as filtering and making routing decisions. The composite editor in JDeveloper gives you the flexibility to define the interface now, to choose an existing interface, or to define the interface later as you wire components to the Mediator. Transforming data from one representation to another is, along with routing, one of the key functions of the Mediator.
8) Difference between ESB and Mediator? In 10g for routing, separate router need to keep along with ESB for routing and filter expressions. Where as in 11g mediator contains routing rules and filter expressions itself.asdfdfdfdf +++++++++++++++++++++++=============================
SOA 11g Admin - Interview Questions
1. Define relation between Oracle SOA Suite and Weblogic. 2. Functional differences between Fusion EM console and WLS Admin console. 3. List some key Fusion Middleware 11g products and their usage in brief. 4. Define key components/building blocks/basic architecture of Oracle SOA Suite.
5. Explain concept of domains, admin, managed server in Weblogic. 6. Difference between Weblogic Development and Production mode. 7. Explain Node Manager in Weblogic. 8. Key functionality of Nodemanager. 9. What are the different types of nodemanager? 10. What is the default port number of nodemanager? 11. Mention the path for Nodemanager home. 12. Explain some properties present in nodemanager.properties file. 13. Is Nodemanager setup mandatory in a standalone WLS installation? 14. Is nodemanager setup mandatory in a clustered WLS environment? If not what are the demerits. 15. Explain the functionalities of Node manager in a clustered WLS environment. 16. Explain the term managed Server Independence mode. 17. Can I start a managed server even if Admin server is down? 18. Can I make configurationally changes to managed server if admin server is down? 19. Explain significance of admin server in a WLS domain. 20. Why do you think Oracle recommends not deploying applications to Admin server in production environments? 21. Explain different ways of starting or stopping WLS Admin/managed server. 22. What is config.xml? Where can I find it? 23. You deployed a faulty code to Admin server which brought it down. You are not able to restart it. How would you undeploy the faulty piece of code then? 24. How do I clear cache for a WLS managed/Admin server? 25. What is meant by data source? 26. Explain how would you tune a data source and apply some best practices to it.
27. Explain difference between multicast and unicast IP. 28. Explain hardware requirement for a WLS 2 node cluster. 29. How do you configure OHS/Apache web server for a 2 node WLS cluster? 30. What is the role of mds in ofmw? 31. What are the main components of ofmw and their usage in brief? 32. Explain the procedure for installation of ofmw components in a cluster environment? 33. What is a SOA composite? 34. Path of the server related log files 35. What is synchronus and asynchronous process in BPEL 36. Basic commands in solaris like checking the CPU usage RAM consumption 37. Basic questions on database 38. List the various adapters used 39. What is SOA, Oracle SOA suite, BPEL, ESB 40. Designer for Business process 41. Difference between BPEL and ESB 42. Transactions and fault (exception) management 43. Run time components of SOA 44. Calling external web service 45. Calling asynch BPEL process within empty BPEL process 46. Combination of ESB and BPEL and third party web services 47. Java embedding 48. BPEL and OSB console 49. Adapter - concepts, integration, life-cycle mgmt., translation errors
50. Oracle E-Biz adapter and capturing event from oracle ERP 51. Fine tuning BPEL process 52. Deployment framework 53. Business rules and AIA 54. Email notification and rejection handler 55. Patches and installation - UNIX based and windows based 56. External resource management (example MQ shared library and third party jar files) 57. JMS and connection pools 58. Transformation and iteration 59. Which are the areas you think Oracle SOA fits perfectly [Answer - EAI with real-time data transfer, need heavy data communication with rich business logic, Oracle ERP in existing environment]
60. Loose coupling and control at central point (orchestration vs. choreography)
SOA 11g Admin - Resolving Connection Timeouts
You can receive a connection timeout error under circumstances such as the following: You run a SOA composite application with a large payload that takes more than 30 seconds to process. You are invoking a stress test using a large payload from the Test Web Service page of Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control. You are passing a large number of message files (one million) into a composite with a file adapter service. You are retrieving instance and fault count metrics in Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control. •
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To avoid receiving timeout errors, increase the transaction timeout property as follows: 1. Log into Oracle WebLogic Administration Console. 2. Click JTA. 3. Change the value of Timeout Seconds (the default is 30). 4. Click Save.
Restart Oracle WebLogic Server ====================++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
SOA 11g - SOA Data Base Schema Purging This post is about how to control the SOA database schema and its growth while running SOA Suite 11g. All the instructions given here are specifically for SOA Suite 11g version 11.1.1.4. From this version onward there are new scripts provided by Oracle and only updated scripts should be used as this version has schema and table structure changes. Purging composites instances in Oracle SOA SUITE 11g
There are several ways to purge large amounts of instances in SOA Suite 11g database - dehydration storage; 1. By dropping the SOA Suite repository and next, to recreate it using RCU creation utility providing exactly the same credentials. 2. Using Enterprise Manager console; Delete with options 3. Deleting large number of instances using purge script Dropping the SOA Suite repository Using RCU: Dropping the SOA Suite repository using RCU is straight forward. Just run the RCU utility select "Drop" instead of "Create" and follow the installer.
Using Enterprise Manager Console: Here, first option, using Enterprise Manager console is ok for small amount of instances where you want to remove one or two thousand instances. For large number of instances it will throw Time out error. There is a option provided in EM console for increasing the timeout period but still its not enough for large amount of data.
Deleting Large Number Of Instances Using Purge Script: This is very useful and straight forward process to clean up SOA database schema. In real world , server are receiving millions of requests in a day and keeping these all data as instances in SOA Suite database schema is very costly. It can affect a performance of the server up to some extent. After few days or month probably you will start receiving table space errors as allotted all the table space is already been used by the instances created within SOA database schema. For this reason you need to plan your tablesapce accordingly and generally it should be in between 50 GB - 80 GB in loaded server. And still it requires regular purging for data on the SOA database.
Below is the process for purging / deleting the composite instances from SOA Database schema. 1. First of all you will required Repository creation utility for 11.1.1.4. This installable contain the all required purging script provided by oracle to purge the database schema. You can find the purge script at location. RCU_HOME/rcu/integration/soainfra/sql/soa_purge. Note : this script cannot run with Microsoft SQL Server and IBM DB2 Database. 2. In SQL*Plus, connect to the database AS SYSDBA: 3. Execute the following SQL commands:GRANT EXECUTE ON DBMS_LOCK to dev_soainfra; GRANT CREATE ANY JOB TO dev_soainfra; 4. RCU_HOME/rcu/integration/soainfra/sql/soa_purge/soa_purge_scripts.sql 5. execute SET SERVEROUTPUT ON on SQL prompt 6. execute below SQL block and description of each variable is given below · min_creation_date : minimum date when instance was created · max_creation_date : Maximum date when instance was created · batch_size :Batch size used to loop the purge. The default value is 20000. · max_runtime :Expiration at which the purge script exits the loop. The default value is 60. This value is specified in minutes. · retention_period :Retention period is only used by the BPEL process service engine only (in addition to using the creation time parameter). The default value is null · purge_partitioned_component : Users can invoke the same purge to delete partitioned data. The default value is false
