Sky Cell

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

.

Manufacturing Information System & .

Review of Operation Management Oran Kittithreerapronchai 1

1

Department of Industrial Engineering !hulalong"orn #niversity $ang"o" %'' ()*I+*,D

last updated: ,ovem-er  %'

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Outline ".

2



'

.

.

.

Keys !oncepts of Manufacturing System Review of /orecasting in 0roduction Environment *ggregated 0lanning and Sale & Operation planning Material 0roduction Scheduling Inventory !ontrol $ill of Material

(

)

.

.

Material Re1uirement 0lanning Integrating !apacity 0lanning into M0S

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

0reviously lecture...

!hange is everywhere everywhere and and ever increasing increasing so does competition E ective response ! $etter communication ! Right I( Issue surrounding I( in manufacturing Information technology is strategic advantage advantage not strategic necessity (his lecture... Reali2e important of Manufacturing System Review of "ey concepts of Operation Management esp information flow in manufacturing system Illustrate how IS 3i.e. MS E4cel5 helps with *ggregate planning Inventory control MR0 !R0

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

Manufacturing System who care...

!riticism 6lo-ali2ation

+arge capital !ooperate 7 Evil /uture is in service

Manufacturing !lassifications $usiness !lassification Inventory 0osition 0roduct & 0rocess Matri4

MRP

Capacity

ProMIS v2.: revie!

'#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

$usiness !lassification

*+at: economic classification of industry and -usiness ,eneral: Statistic & loo" for information Pro MIS: understand -usiness find implementation method

Sources ,orth *merica Industry !lassification System8www.census.gov

O ce of Industrial Economic 3OIE58www.oie.go.th !ontract Directory8 www.on-id.org

Capacity


(#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Office of Industrial Economic

source: www.oie.go.th

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Inventory 0osition E(O M(O *(O M(S

.. Engineering

0rocurement

/a-rication

*ssem-ly

Delivery

source: *dopted from Smith, S. %9:9.

-ngineer to Order -/O0: wor" with the customer to design and then ma"e the product Ma1e to Order M/O0: ma"e the customer;s product from raw mat; Asse3le to Order A/O0: com-ine a num-er of preassem-led modules to meet

customer;s specifications Ma1e to Stoc1 M/S0: serve customers from finished goods inventory

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

0roduction 0rocess

source: !hase &
Pro4ect: product remains in a fi4ed location *or1 center: similar e1uipment or functions are grouped together Manufacturing Cell: dedicated area where similar products are produced Asse3le line: processes are arranged according to the progressive steps Continuous process: assem-ly line only the flow is continuous

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

System Structure

6ierarc+ical: decision in upper=level ! constraint in lower=level Feed3ac1: systematic correction Man7Mac+ine interface: 9/ e4ceptions ! including man 8Single8 data3ase & Integration: maintaining data integrity and accuracy

/ransparency: understanding logic and algorithm -ehind system Specific response tie: designing for improvement


%#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Related issues with operation management

source: !enter for Supply !hain Research 0enn State #niversity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

/rom /orecasting to Shipping...

6uessing customer;s demands () /orecasting Smoothing resources () *ggregated planning & Demand management Sourcing R>M needed to produce () 0urchasing & Material re1uirement Estimating producing time () 0roduction planing Managing stoc"s () ?arehousing & Inventory control Defining appropriated service level () !hannel & Distri-ution management Ensuring commitment and delivery products() Shipping

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

(ime )ori2on

9ecision +orion

S+ort7ter 0urchasing Scheduling Maintenance Inventory

Interediate /orecasting Manpower ..

Distri-ution

;ong7ter

/acility Sale channels Service

O-@ective

Issues source: Nahmias, S. %.

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Evaluation of Manufacturing IS

source: www.arhum.com

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

!losed=+ooped 0roduction 0lanning +. /orecasting

*gg. 0lanning

RR0

+ong=(erm 0lan 0O R!!0

Demand Mgt. S. /orecasting

Intermediate 0lan !R0 $OM MR0 Inventory


"'#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

?hat is /orecastingA

0redicting future value with data or information e.g. weather forecasting

/orecasting affects all activities in organi2ation *or1force and Capacity: hiring training Operation: purchasing scheduling ?I0 negotiation planning Accounting: cash flow e1uipment investment Mar1eting: pricing promotion place

. )ow much products>services do we need and at which time 3which location5A

.


"(#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

?hat should we aware -efore forecastA

9escription: story relationship with other data /ie 6orion: hour day wee" year

*ctual 7 /orecast B error Pattern of 9ata: seasonal trend cycle Forecasting Model: assumption data re1uired parameters static

CS dynamic Accuracy: measuring how to improve

Capacity


")#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

E4ample #S *ir 0assengers %99=%9F%

s r e g n e s s a P r i A

Y e ar1 9 4 9

0 8

0 6

Jan

Feb

Mar Ap r

May Ju n

J u l

Au g

Se p

Oc t No v

De c

J an

Feb

Mar Apr May

J un

J u l

Mont h

Au g Sep

Oc t

No v Dec

J an

Feb Mar

Ap r

May

J un

Ju l

Au g

Se p

Oc t Nov

De c


"$#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

/acts a-out /orecasting

/orecasting is typically incorrect /orecasting is suita-le for a group of products /orecasting is inaccurate as time hori2on increases source:Chopra, S. & Meindl %. pp. %99

?hy do we still need /orecastingA Incorrect future is -etter than "nowing nothing

Incorrect result is managea-le


"5#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

Smoothing Simple /orecasting Methods Assuption: recent past

future

/ie 6orion: short period 9ata Pattern: nearly constant
0 0 2 3

0 0 8 2

0 0 4 2

s e l a S e f i n K

0 0 0 2

0 0 6 1 0 0 2 1

0 0 8 0 0 6 0 0 4 0 0 2 0

MRP

Capacity


"%#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

Moving *verage M*315

using average value of q pervious periods as forecast

.

q

= ,um-ers of interested period

MRP

Capacity


2#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

E4ample of Moving *verage Month
Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

?hich is a -etter M* model for Knife SalesA

s e l a S e f i n K

H

H

0

J an

Feb

Mar

Apr

Ma y

J un

J ul

Aug

Sep

Oc t

No v

Dec

Mont h


22#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

*ccuracy of /orecasting Idea:averageJ of *ctualt

/orecastt

-=aple: Mean Error 3ME5 Mean *-solute Deviation 3M*D5 Mean S1uare

Error 3MSE5 Mean *-solute 0ercentage Error3M*0E5 (rac"ing signal 3(S5


2#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Measurements of Error

If actual "nife demand in Dec is  Is M*3'5 -etter than M*3F5A

j j

Capacity


2'#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

E4ponential Smoothing Model using a previous value and previous error as forecast

.

= E4ponential factor ; 2 [0; 1] Idea: /orecast 7

*ctual B (1

) Old /orecast

MRP

Capacity


2(#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

?hy do we call E4ponential SmoothingJA

F t

=

At 1 + (1

)Ft

"

= At 1 + (1) [ At 2 + (1)F t 2] = At 1 + (1) At 2 + (1)2Ft

2

?hat does it meanA E ects of actual value and error e4ponentially decay controls the decay rate F 1 is initial forecast value if = 0 no e ect of actual value if

= 1 no e ect of forecast value

Capacity


2)#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

)ow to choose F 1 and

MPS

A

,ood >e!s e ect of F 0 will decay typically F 1 = A1 e!s select Lright; is di cult ! try out and error

Month
MRP

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

?hich

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

is a -etterA

s e l a S e f i n K

H

H

H

H

0. 9

H

α =

Capacity

J an

Feb

Mar

Apr

Ma y

J un

J ul

Aug

Sep

Oc t

No v

Dec

Mont h


25#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Model Selection ?hich one is -etterA

ME

M*D MSE M*0E

?hat is the -est parameter of these two modelsA ?hat do they suggestA /luctuation comes from randomnessA

Capacity


2%#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

6uideline for Selection Method Regression

Moving average or E4ponential smoothing ?eighted moving average E4ponential smoothing with trend source:Jacob. etal %%.

. ?hat if data is not stationaryA

.


#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Item Master /ile

Ite nu3er: Sale I9. #0! $arcode 3% digits in #S and %' digits in other5 ;ot#3atc+ nu3er: e.g. pharmaceutical ceramic tiles Color#sie code: shade color 3#/ case5 c Supplier code: lin" to paya-le -an" a>c S?@ I9. shortage and retrieving code 9ra!ing code: lin" to engineering data-ase Faily group: category e.g. ,roup tec+nology code: dimension  holes type material strength

Capacity


"#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

$OM & Routing /ile $OM /ile descri-ing 1tys to manufacturing item Coponent ite nu3er: Parent ite nu3er: uantity & @nit: Scrap allo!ance:

Routing file descri-ing wor" to manufacturing item Routing nu3er:

for each operation Operation nu3er: Mac+ine nu3er & /ool nu3er & *C nu3er: 9ra!ing nu3er: S+rin1age: Std la3or & Std. setup tie

MRP

Capacity


2#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

?or" !enter & (ool /ile ?or" center descri-ing groups of machine>tool *or1 center nu3er: ;ocation: -

cient & @tiliation:

6ours & S+ift: Rate

(ool /ile descri-ing machines>tool and their status ! maintainace /ool nu3er: Status: Storage location: Current assignent: /ool life & @se since last repair: >e=t repair date

Capacity


#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

*ggregated 0lanning

*+at: planning for family of product Idea: smoothing demands & "ey resources 3wor"ers  machine5 Occurred: -eginning of fiscal year 3unit month of sale5 Input: long=term forecasting B "ey resources policy 3overtime

su-contract -ac"log machine capacity5 Output: production plan capacity inventory

Capacity


'#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

S"y!ell *ggregated planning S"y!ell a European cell phone manufacturer and its customers service providers come up with monthly forecast 3in thousand cell phone5 as follow Month
/e-. Mar. *pr. (he manufacturing process is govern -y num-ers of assem-ly wor"er totally %F wor"ers. Each wor"er can assem-le each cell phone every % minute. (he plant operate  days a month : hours a day and paid N per hour and %.F time wage for any overtime 3ma4imum  hour per wor"er=month5. (otal raw materials cost N and handling cost is N' per unit=month. *t the mean time the company has no=lay o policy. S"y!ell has inventory of F units in
Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

S"y!ell uestion

*nswer with following 1uestions. % *ssuming no -ac"log no su-contractor and no new hire>leave what is optimal production schedulingA  Is any value to increase overtime from  hours per wor"er=month to  hour per wor"er=month ' )ow the solution in 3a5 and 3-5 change if the num-ers of assem-ly wor"ers is % and %' wor"ers respectively  ?hat S"y!ell can do to smooth its production 3 open!end question5A source: Chopra, S. & Meindl %. pp. '

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

S"y!ell /ormulation

O34ective Function: minimi2e total costs of production inventory

and wages 9ecision Baria3les: units produced units storage overtime prod t 7 units produced in month t in# " reg t 7 units storage at the ending of month t y t 7 man=hours of regular=time in month t o#er y t 7 man=hours overtime in month

"

t Constraints: cell phone -alancing each month regular=time and overtime wor"loads of assem-ly wor"er each mouth wor"loads re1uired to produce cell phones in each month

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

S"y!ell /ormulation

∑ prod t

min $ = 20 "

∑

∑ in# t

+3

" t

+(20)(8)(20) % t

t

t

s.t.

limit overtime

= t + " tin# = y t o#er + y t reg 20% t

limit regular=timeK

160% t

non neg.

0

-alancing production

non neg.

0

∑ +30

o#er t

y t

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

(rial & Error % ,o Inventory

Demand R( prod. O( prod. Outsource Inventory


MPS

MRP

Capacity


%#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

(rial & Error  !onstant ?or"force



MRP

Capacity


'#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Optimal



Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity


'"#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

S"y!ell *nalysis Pre7solve analysis Capacity Regtie:

1250 Capacity overtie: 1250

160 20

60/10 7 % units> month 60/10 7 %F units> month

% unit>month

Average 9eands:

Inventory BS Overtie BS Outsource: minimi2e outsource

Inventory $20 +

$20

+ $3 t 7 N '.'' B 't 6

Outsource $40 Cost Coparison Material

R( +a-or O( +a-or Inventory Outsouce (otal


'2#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

0ro-lems with aggregated planning

Method Price ta1er: price can influence demand or negotiation 3what if5 ! S&O0

Inventory of coponent: lac" of components ! M0S & MR0 Capacity issues: simplified production constraints ! R!!0 & !R0

*pplication Aggregated product: no information on e4act product ! communication

9elivery plan: fre1uency product mi4ed lot si2e ! communication


'#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Sales and Operations 0lanning 3S&O05 or demand demand to smooth production given *+at: manage supply or predicta-le varia-ility -y involving related involving related parties Idea: seasonal consumer demand -ut fi4ed plant capacity *+o: mar"eting production logistic finance )R Man7Po!er Strategy: chasing 3hire CS fire5 constant wor"force

level 3-uild inventory5 Managing supply: capacity 3fle4i-le wor"force & machine su-contracting5 investing 3common component5 Managing deand: shift or manipulate demand 3using price5 or promotion may result to low demand smooth demand ! low margin> high inv. cost items pea" demand steal share e4pansion ! high margin items

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

S"y!ell S&O0 uestion

*nswer with following 1uestions. F )ow solution in 3a5 change if -ac"log is allowedA (he estimated cost of -ac"log is NG per unit=month P )ow solution in 3a5 change if temporary wor"er is allowedA *ssuming that each new hire costs NF and has FQ of productivity in his first month G If S"y!ell has a promotion that can increase FQ of one month demand -ut decreases Q of demands ne4t two months. ?hich month should S"y!ell apply the promotionA source: Chopra, S. & Meindl %. pp. '

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

Master 0roduction Schedule 3M0S5 *+at: planning for finish good 3end=item 0lanning5 Idea: rough plan for produce or stoc" time capacity Occurred: -eginning of each 1uarter 3 unit wee" of sale5

Output: time production 1uantity

MRP

Capacity


')#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

+in"age -etween S&O0 and M0S

source:Jacob. et al %%.

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

?hich item should we do its M0SA

Custoer oriented: focus on /6 & su-. assem-ly ! smoothing production

& communicating with customer Resources: consist of small & managea-le 3 ! times5 Structure: have $OM Capacity: address "ey capacity of factory 3?D5

Role and Responsi-ility of M0SA Planning: create>maintain M0S Production: verify M0S chec" capacity Purc+asing: ensure & trac" inventory receiving *are+ouse# Store: ensure 1uantity & 1uality of inventory


'5#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

Key components in M0S

Production constraints: lead time site 9eands: same time scale Sale forecast: 3M(S5 e.g. forecast & prod. forecast Custoer order: 3M(O5 e.g. actual demand Safety stoc1: Seasonal 3uild: SongKran =mas 3*D5

Inventory: on=hand CS on=order received allA Planning
MRP

Capacity


'%#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

?hy does inventory 7 evilA

source:Jacob. etal %%.

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Real ?orld Random Demand and +ead (ime

source: !hase and
Review Methods Periodic revie!: chec" inventory using chronological criteria e.g.

every fi4ed period >on7Periodic revie!: chec" inventory non=chronological criteria

e.g. 1uantity order from customer visual inspection

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

0opular lot Si2ing Rules E4cluding !osts 3*D5 ;ot7for7;ot ;F;0: order 7 demand in each period Period Order uantity PO0: order 7 total demand in fi4ed periods

+/+ =? 0O3t7A5 Fi=ed Order uantity FO0: order 7 fi4ed 1uantity follow condition

e.g min ma4 multiple One /ie Only O/O0: order one unit and one time

Including !osts handling cost & ordering cost -conoic Order uantity -O0: /O  handling B ordering *agner7*+itin: Optimal of handling B ordering Part Period
ordering Silver7Meal#least period cost: total demand in period  min3 handling + ordering 5

period


(2#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Important constraints in lot si2ing rule

Min7Ma=: similar to multiple or batch Spoilage: order 1ty. =


(#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

E4ample !omparing lot si2ing rule

!onsider this net re1uirement wee" item *

If the handling cost is N% per wee" and ordering cost is N% per order compare the released order and total cost of the following lot si2ing rule lot= for=lot EO 0O S=M ?=? +#! +0!

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

E4ample +ot si2ing rules

EO ' =

√

0O t = 0art 0eriod $alancing

MPS

MRP

Capacity


((#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

E4ample +ot si2ing rules +east #nit !ost wee" %  ' 

+east 0eriod !ost> Silver=Meal wee" %  ' 

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

E4ample !omparing lot si2ing rule

+ot=for=lot  %F

EO 0O ?=? 00$ +#! +0!

MRP

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

!haracter item affecting inventory

Ite value: high value ! low cycle stoc" Ipact of s+ortage: ! safety stoc" FreDuency of reDuests: ;ead tie: custom made ! long lead time ! high safety stoc" Ot+er: e.g. alternative shipping su-stitution product price change variation


(5#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

$ill of Material 3$OM5 *+at: 1ty of components needed for /6

total demand 7 independents demand B dependent demands

*arning: low=level code ! time to run in MR0

$OM (erminology ;o!7;evel Code: lowest level that a component is assem-led Suaried

(%#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

E4ample of $ill of Material

source:Jacob. etal %%.

E4tended $OM

Summari2ed $OM +evel

+evel

%

%

. . .' .' .

. .' . . .' . .'

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Regular $OM

source:Smith, source: Smith, S. (. %9:9.

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Modular $OM> Multilevel $OM


Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

(ime /ence


9eand /ie Fence 9/F0: changing order is very e4pensive Production /ie Fence P/F0: changing order is annoying /ie 6orion: forecasting time period


)#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

S"y!ell (ime /ence 3D(/ & 0(/5

pad'F +( %

4'F%

4'FP

+( %

+( 

Capacity


)'#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

M0S (erminology Re1uirement Related ,ross reDuireents:total re1uirements 3MR0 term5 >et reDuireents: re1uirements after calculating scheduled receipt

3MR0 term5 Inventory Related Planned order release: releasing period of an order 3-ac"

scheduling of planned order due5 Planned order due: received period of an order Sc+eduled receipts: actual delivery period of an order On76and inventory# Pro4ected availa3le: ?I0 that should have if

nothing wrong Availa3le to proise A/P0: availa-le 1ty. for other additional customers

Availa3le to located: 1ty. less than orders source:Jacob. etal %%.

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

S"y!ell /irmed order & $OM

4'F%

3M(S5 4'FP

3M(S>M(O5

MPS

MRP

Capacity


))#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

S"y!ell 4'F% wee" %=9

source:Smith, S. (. %9:9.

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

S"y!ell 4'FP wee" %=9

source:Smith, S. (. %9:9.

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

!oncepts of MR0 . 0rinciple of dependent demand

.

(otal 1uantities re1uired 7 independent B dependent 1uantities re1uired

. !larification ,ross reDuireent: total 1ty. after netting process >et reDuireent: total 1ty. after considering inventory and

scheduled receipts planned receipts: pro@ected 1ty receipted planned inventory: pro@ected on=hand inventory according to planned receipts

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

Differences -tw M0S & MR0

*+at

Scope Process Input Output @pdate

MPS

MRP

Capacity


$#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

S"y!ell Inventory Information

item no. 4'F% 4'FP pad'F cpu'F% cpu'FP ca'F% ca'FP

MPS

MRP

Capacity


$"#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

S"y!ell MR0 cpu(): 315 7 3%5

ca(): min 7  ma4 7 %

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

+imitation MR0

9eterinistic data: assuming that every parameters is

deterministic including ;firm order; Capacity planning: assuming that "ey constraint is material re1uirement or infinite or infinite capacity Syste nerviness: rolling hori2on and lot=si2ing rule ! di erent MR0

;ead tie depends on Duantities:

de lays 9ata integration: purchasing forgets to order supplier delays

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

RR0 vs R!!0 vs !R0

0roduction activity control

RRP: long=term 3'=F years>month5 purchasing machines e4pansion RCCP: mid=time 3one year>wee"5 hiring permanent sta 

ignore components components using std man=hour

components CRP: short time 3one year>wee"5 over=time consider components using e4act lot si2e ProMIS v2.: revie!

$'#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

S"y!ell Standard time & lot si2e

pad'F

ca'F% ca'FP 4'F% 4'FP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

$ill of !apacity

. $ill of !apacity *verage hour used to produce each product

.

?or" center %  '

MPS

MRP

Capacity


$)#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

S"y!ell M0S & R!!0

4'F%

4'FP

If M0S using lot=for=lot policy then R!!0 3resource of each wor" center5 -ecomes

%

 '

%

 '

Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

+imitation of R!!0 and E4tension *ssumption of R!!0 not consider 1ueuing in each wor" center ! lead time in $O! not address e ciency and switch=over time ! lead time in $O! transition time from one ?! to other ?! ! lead time in $O! e4cluding time that need each component ! !R0 (ime 0hased $ill of !apacity 3(0$O!5 *+at: create rough & realistic schedule of each ?! to modify the standard time Idea: 1ueue & transition time impacts lead time not standard time Elapsed time =

-lapsed tie: minimal wor"ing time for first lot

std hour>unit lot si2e util. e

Capacity

O set tie: minimal completed time for first lot

transitto + 1ueue time + elapsed time + transit)rom ProMIS v2.: revie!

$5#

%$ Manuf Sys

Forecasting

Agg. & SOP

MPS

MRP

Capacity

ui2 I

% ,ame companies and e4plain their operations that ena-les its information technology 3I(5>information system 3IS5 to gain following strategic advantages !ost reduction !reating new products>services Enhance products>services

 ?hat are factors contri-ute to a low success rate of information technology in manufacturing environmentA ' E4plain similarities and di erences -etween Material Re1uirement 0lanning 3MR05 and Enterprise Resource 0lanning 3ER05

Sky Cell

Recommend Documents