MANUAL PENYELIAN PENYELIAN TAP TAPAK (SITE SITE SUPERVISION SUPERVISION MANUA MA NUAL L) 6.1 OBJECTIVES 1. To ensure that the product delivered conforms to the highest engineering standards. 2. The ensure that the product delivered is to the client’s satisfaction. 3. To ensure that in the process of delivering the product, the environmental, safety and engineering standard meet the requirement set by the relevant codes of practices
372
6.2 PROJECT IMPLEMENT STRUCTURE
GOVERNMENT OF MALAYSIA
WATER SUPPLY DEPARTMENT MINISTRY OF ENERGY,GREEN TECHNOLOGY AND WATER
CONSULTANT
CONTRACTOR
Figure 6.0 : Project Implementation Structure
373
6.2 PROJECT IMPLEMENT STRUCTURE
GOVERNMENT OF MALAYSIA
WATER SUPPLY DEPARTMENT MINISTRY OF ENERGY,GREEN TECHNOLOGY AND WATER
CONSULTANT
CONTRACTOR
Figure 6.0 : Project Implementation Structure
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6.3 SUPERVISION MANAGEMENT 6.31 SUPERVISION OF CONSTRUCION WORKS
To ensure the works are carried out to an acceptable level of quality, the supervision is very important. In this context competent staff and clear supervision roles are necessary.
The Consulting Engineer, shall carry out the supervision of construction works. The organisation structure is as shown on site organisation chart.
The main role of the consultant engineer are mainly all site supervision of construction and administration of the Contract with respect to :
a) supervision b) testing c) examination of materials and workmanship d) measure of work carried out
In carrying out the work and to ensure the proper construction of the works in accordance and in compliance with the requirements of the Tender Document, construction drawings and the specification, the
Consulting Engineer (the “Engineer”) shall provide suitable qualified supervisory and office administration staff.
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6.32
DUTIES OF THE CONSULTANT ENGINEER
The Engineer’s duties include, bu t not necessarily be limited to : i. Discharging the Engineer’s duties and responsibilities relating to the site supervision of construction, and the administration of the Contract in accordance with the powers delegated to the Engineer in respect of the Condition of Contact, the Drawings and all other parts of the Contract Document. ii. Locating all reference points and checking of the setting out of the works undertaken by the Contractor. iii. Inspecting, including the sampling, checking, and testing (where required) of all materials and workmanship to ensure that the completed works comply with the Specifications and the Drawings and the issuing of notices to the Contractor of any defects or deficiencies. iv. Checking and measuring of the quantities of accepted works. v. Ensuring that the Contractor performs his work in a manner that does not cause unnecessary or improper interference to the public, including access to public or private roads and footpaths. vi. Liaising with all service authorities of any other contractors or statutory bodies, which may be working in the same vicinity or location. vii. Keeping detailed records of the progress of the Works, the
Contractor’s construction equipment, labor deployment and material usage on a day-to-day basis. viii. To inform the Contractor any changes in the design or specifications which may prove necessary or desirable during the course of the Contract or to study any changes proposed by the Contractor and inform the result
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6.33 SITE SUPERVISION TEAM
The set up of the consultant site supervision team (shown on figure A3) consists of : a) Chief Resident Engineer b) Deputy Resident Engineers/ Engineer c) Inspector of Work d) Clerk/Typist And the duties of the personnel are as follows :
a.
Chief Resident Engineer
He shall act as the Project Coordinator of the whole construction works, and will bear the overall responsibility for ensuring that the Contract is administered as planned and the objective of the project are satisfied. His roles and responsibilities shall be :
1. Act as a site representative of the Consultant. 2. Liaise with the Consultant head office, Deputy Resident Engineers and Contractor in their works. 3. Manage and control all site staffs assigned to the project such as staff time-keeping, overtime, leave, salaries, claims, etc. 4. Prepare monthly report on the progress of the works. 5. Monitor the performance of site Management and Supervisory Staff in their respective works by setting up the management procedures programme. 6. Liaise with the Project Manager of the Contractor. 7. Certify interim progress payments submitted by the Contractor for P.D. approval. 8. Advise the Contractor when liaise with the Local Authorities and Police Officer to ensure the smooth running of the project. 376
9. Monitor on all the safety measure, particularly when working along the main road, or when explosive is used for rock blasting. 10. Responsible
for
work
measurement,
progress
payment
recommendation, engineering instruction, etc. 11. Responsible
for
preparation
and
completion
of
final
measurement and as-built drawings.
b. Deputy Resident Engineers/ Engineer
The duties of the DRE are as follows:
1.
To be responsible the CRE in reporting the work progress and other developing circumstances.
2.
Responsible for the management of all site supervisory activities and the interacting w ith the contactor’s site set up to ensure the construction works are properly carried out.
3. Exercise sound engineering judgment in examining and
approving the Contractor’s temporary work and method of construction. 4.
Closely monitor activities within the site and carry out frequent inspections and works supervision.
5.
Ensure
adequate
site
documentation
of
work
progress/completion/changes and maintain it at the appropriate levels and deal with all relevant correspondence with various parties involved. 6.
To attend all site meeting.
7.
To liaise with the Contractor’s Agent.
8.
To organize and supervise his team of Clerk of Work to cover all aspect of supervision work and other relevant works.
9.
To instruct his staff on the method of construction to be adopted for all aspect of works and recording works.
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10. To assist the CRE in the measurement of all works and keep all necessary record. 11. To assist CRE in checking the Contractor’s interim valuation and assist him in checking his final account. 12. To implement the QA/QC measure on site.
c. Inspector of Work
Their duties can be described as follows :
1.
To be responsible to the CRE and DRE.
2.
Ensure that the Contractor’s work is properly supervised at all times and it is carried out in accordance with the drawing and specification.
3.
Activities where supervision is absolutely necessary.
4.
Contract the CRE or DRE when faulty works occurs or where a variation is required.
5.
Agree day work records with the Contractor keep daily site diaries and complete daily reports and ensure that the records for plant and labour are kept accurately.
6.
Assist the CRE and DRE in taking measurement, level and other details as may be necessary for progress payment, variation order, changes, etc.
d. Clerk/Typist
Assisting the CRE in the following: 1. Office administrative work, preparation of monthly reports. 2. Typing miscellaneous correspondence, report, memo, minutes of meeting and filing system.
378
3. In charge of incoming request for inspection form & checklist for quality plan. 4. In charge of filing system, update annual leave and medical records, time sheet, overtime and others staff related matter. 5. Prepare and update for laboratory test record.
379
6.4 INSPECTION REQUIREMENT 6.41 GENERAL
In general the inspection personnel must ensure that each of the following items is adhered to:
a. That all material and workmanship are in accordance with the specifications and the acceptable good practice. b. The quality control testing of material is at an acceptable level of workmanship. c. That all works are to be in accordance with the level, alignment, dimension,
and
cross-sections
as
specified
in
construction
drawings and specifications.
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6.42 ITEMS OF WORKS AND INSPECTIONS TO BE CARRIED OUT :
In carrying out the supervision of reservoir construction, access road, booster station and pipe laying works, various types of works will be involved. Supervisory staffs are required to carry out their duties through the following controls.
a. Site clearing for reservoir site access road.
Site boundary or L.A boundary and ground level shall be established first and shall be verified by a licensed surveyor prior to commencement of site clearance, grubbing and bush trimmings. All TBM and other offset points shall be established and well preserved. b. Stripping of topsoil.
Prior to stripping of topsoil, joint survey for spot level shall be carried out. Topsoil can be stockpiling for future use, or dispose off
at contractor’s disposal site. To check all requirements or permit by various Departments such Pejabat Tanah, PTG and other are complying. c. Excavation for Reservoir Site. -
To carry out inspection and spot checks on level.
-
To carry out part time inspection for all phases of works.
d. Excavation and Filling for access road. -
To carry out inspection on the excavation.
-
Remove all unsuitable material.
-
To carry out compaction test.
-
To ensure all work in accordance to the drawing.
-
To carry out full time inspection for all phases of works.
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e. Access road - Laying of sub-base, road base, binder and wearing course.
To carry out initial inspection of work area, to inspect material and full time inspection of all phases of works including carrying out the final inspection. f. Construction of Reservoir-Excavation
- To check the formation level is correct, spot checks as works in progress (hardcore, level, formwork, orientation of pipeworks, size and spacing of reinforcement, etc.)
- To carry out inspection on materials such as aggregate, sand, reinforcement, formwork, etc. Full time supervision during concreting.
- To supervise on preparation of test cube and witness testing. To carry out spot check on the curing of concrete. g. Pipe Supply -
To check whether manufacturer is approved by IKRAM/SIRIM.
-
To arrange factory visit.
-
To carry out inspection at factory during casting of pipe.
h. On Shore Pipe Laying -
To carry out inspection on pipe delivered to site. Safety precaution (adequate warning signboard, flagman, etc).
-
To carry out full time inspection of all phases of works including final inspection. To check all levels are correct.
-
To check welding and wrapping.
-
To check sand bedding and sand filling, if applicable.
-
To check on compaction after backfilling.
-
To carry out inspection on air test for welding (where applicable), to carry out pressure and leakage test 382
i. Submarine Pipe Laying
To carry out inspection of work area, and full time inspection of all phases of works. The inspection procedure shall generally follow HDPE Submarine Pipeline Installation Procedures.
j. Miscellaneous on Pipeworks -Thrust block, support block, manholes and chambers, etc.
To carry out inspection of work area, verify the dimension and part time inspection of all phases of works.
k. Booster Station - Installation of M&E Equipments
To carry out inspection of work area and full time inspection of all phases of works. l. Telemetry System - Installation
To carry out inspection of work area and part time inspection of all phases of works. m. Joint Measurement for interim valuation
To carry out full time joint survey/ inspection for interim valuation. n. Safety
To carry out spot check on safety precaution in all stages of works.
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6.5 QUALITY CONTROL AND STANDARDS The quality control testing is to be carried out in accordance to the following testing standards :
I.
The Malaysian Standards
II.
The British Standards
III. ASTM : The American Society for Testing and Materials IV.
API – American Petroleum Institute.
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6.6 QUALITY CONTROL METHODS The following are the quality control guides that are to be strictly followed; 6.61 Compaction Control of Earth Materials and Aggregates
Samples of materials to be compacted are taken from the work area immediately prior to compaction and tests are to be carried out in accordance with B.S 1377 Compaction Test with a 4.5 kg. Hammer method.
After compaction of earthworks, field density test using sand replacement method or methods stipulated in conditions of contract are to be carried out.
Compaction test are to be carried out in advance of compaction operations.
As a general rule, one compaction test is to be carried out for every 2 to 4 field density test of variable materials, and for every 5 to 8 field density test for relatively uniform materials.
Frequencies of field density tests are to be as follows :
i.
Earth embankment: 1 test per 500 metre square for each layer of compacted material.
ii. Top 300 mm of sub grade lower sub base: 1 test per 300 metre square for each layer of compacted material. iii. Gravel surface sub base: 1 test per 200 metre square for each layer of compacted material.
385
iv. Crushed aggregate road base: 1 test per 150 metre square for each layer of compacted material. v. Shoulders (earth/gravel): 1 test per 150 metre square for each layer of compacted material. vi. Granular bedding for culverts and pipes: 1 test per 25 metre length of culvert pipe. vii. Granular bedding for other structure: 1 metre per layer per 25m length of structure, or per footing, or per 200 metre square of foundation slab. viii. Backfill for structure: 2 test per layer per structure for each 25m length of structure. ix. Backfill for subsoil drain: 1 test per layer per 50 metre length of trench. 6.62 Earthwork and Flexible Pavement Materials
i.
Determine
Atterberg
limits,
swelling
or
shrinkage
characteristics and content of organic materials in soils that are unsuitable for embankment material.
ii.
Determine plasticity index and gradation analysis of material proposed for granular fill, bedding, drainage blanket, porous/granular backfill to structures, aggregates, aggregate filters/drains, etc.
iii. Atterberg limit, plasticity index and gradation analysis, B.S 1377 Compaction Test, CBR test (soak CBR) are to be carried out on fill materials used for lower sub base, and top 300mm of sub grade of road embankment.
386
iv. Testing of earth shoulders are to be carried out in same manner as for lower sub base. v.
For gravel shoulders, gravel surfacing, sub base and crushed aggregate, road base test for every 750 cubic metres of materials are to be carried out :
a.
Atterberg limit and plasticity index
b.
Gradation analysis
c.
B.S 1377 Compaction Test
d.
Soak CBR test
e.
Determination of flakiness index
f.
Determination of percent of particles in fractured face.
vi. Order test deemed appropriate but not limited to sodium soundness test and aggregate crushing value test.
6.63 Control of concrete and structures a. Concrete Aggregates
Aggregates shall not contain alkali reactive silica. Routine test are to be carried out at the following frequencies: Gradation test: 1 per stockpile per 100 tons of aggregate. Specific gravity and absorption test: 1 test per stockpile per 1,000 tons of aggregates. Particle shape test, e.g. flakiness index, % elongated: 1 test per stockpile per 1,000 tons of aggregates. (for coarse aggregate) Determination of clay and silt content: 1 test per stockpile per 1,000 tons of aggregate. 387
Organic impurities: 1 test per stockpile per 1,000 tons of aggregate. (for fine aggregate) Other tests to be carried out include, i.
Sodium sulphate soundness test for coarse and fine aggregates,
ii.
aggregate crushing value test,
iii.
determination of chloride content
iv.
determination of sulphate content.
In the case of marine aggregates for both fine and coarse aggregates, test for chloride content must be regularly carried out. The test is carried out using manufactured titrator strips. A frequency of 1 test per 100 tons of aggregate stockpile or 2 tests per batch or material source is recommended. b. Water for concrete
Whenever water quality for concrete manufacture is doubtful, analyses are to be carried out to test for excessive acidity or alkalinity, sulphate content, and chloride content. Chemical analyses are to be sent to the chemical laboratory, while samples to determine their effects on mortar setting time and compressive strength are to be sent to the approved laboratory. About 10 litres of water are needed for mortar setting time and compressive strength test and 5 litres are required for chemical test.
388
c. Concrete
1 batch of each concrete class or type shall be sample. Each sample are tested for workability by slump test, 3 standard comprehensive strength test cube and 1 for testing at 7 days and 2 for testing at 28 days. Slump tests shall be carried out regularly during the production of concrete. d. Pre-cast Concrete Culvert Pipes
RCP sections that are cast on site are subject to inspection and testing of materials and workmanship. Samples are to be loaded to determine 28 days strength after casting, as well as to test for compliance with load bearing specifications. Sampling at 5% of pipe sections of each class of size of pipe fabricated are to be tested at cracking loads, while at least 2% of RCP pipe sections shall be load tested to failure, i.e. ultimate strength test. Load tests are to be carried out at the site or at concrete product factory with the suitable test equipment to facilitate testing.
389
6.7 QUALITY CONTROL OF MANUFACTURED MATERIAL Generally, manufacturer’s certificates are required to guarantee the quality of materials. In such cases, tests are done for the following :
a.
physical measurements of weights, density and dimensions
b.
physical measurements of protective coatings
c.
compressive strength tests
d.
tensile strength tests
e.
setting or curing
f.
hardening time tests
g.
flow rate test
h.
penetration tests, etc.
i.
radiography test on welding
j.
pressure test
k.
leakage test
List of manufactured materials where tests are to be carried out include but not limited to : a. M.S Pipe, D.I Pipe, HDPE etc per spec b. Valves c. Bitumen and bituminous materials d. Cements e. Corrugated metal pipes f.
Guardrails
g. Materials for road markings h. Road signs, etc. i.
Switchboard
390
Materials where qualities are suspected for non-reliance, a more rigorous testing are to be carried out. Materials in this category include a. penetration graded bitumens b. cut-back bitumens c. bitumen emulsions d. cements e. manufactured structural elements, and fittings f. welding materials g. corrugated metal culvert pipes h. clay and plastic pipes for drains i.
water stop
j.
guardrails
k. gabions cages l. paints m. geotextile n. fabrics filter materials o. thermoplastic materials for road markings p. joint fillers q. waterproofing and damp-proof materials r. bricks, etc.
391
6.8 APPROVED BUILDING MATERIAL Approved building and manufactured material were adhering to and as stipulated by the Malaysian Government through their publication namely :-
“Senarai Bahan -bahan Binaan Tempatan” as issued by : Surat Pekeliling Perbendaharaan Bil. 4 Tahun 1996 dan Surat Pekeliling Perbendaharaan Bil. 6 Tahun 1997. And published copies can be obtained from : SETIAUSAHA URUSETIA BAHAN BINAAN INSTITUT KUALITI & PERSIJILAN IKRAM KUMPULAN IKRAM SDN BHD JALAN SEPANG 43000 KAJANG, SELANGOR Tel :
03-8373320 Ext 303, 349, 393, 261
Fax :
03-8367254
.
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6.9 SUPERVISION MANUAL 6.91 The Reasons For The Supervision Manual
1. This supervision manual is designed to represent good engineering practices and guidance to all supervisory staff during the construction of the project. It is intended principally for the use of inspectors and technicians. However, Engineers should acquaint themselves with its contents and ensure that inspectors and technicians work according to it. 2. It will not be possible to cover every aspect of the construction and this manual is not intended to be a complete guide. If you are in doubt about anything do not keep quite about it. Ask someone. Everyone from the Engineer down to your fellow peers will give you the benefit of his experience. This manual is issued for guidance only and it is not to be read as taking precedence over the Specification. 3. Always bear in mind that until a particular aspect of any work is complete, you cannot be certain that the Contractor will not comply or has not complied with the Specifications in respect of
workmanship and materials. You must draw the Contractor’s attention to any non-compliance with the Specifications and report to your Engineer at the same time. The Engineer will decide on the next line of action. Most Contractors will welcome constructive criticism and suggestions. However, take note that advice could sometimes be interpreted to be an instruction. 4. If you certain that materials for the permanent works do not comply with the Specification, inform the Contractor and contact your Engineer if the Contractor is reluctant to take corrective action. 393
If you discover that the materials do not comply with the Specifications, request the laboratory staff to check them and make sure that your Engineer is informed is informed of the test results.
6.92 ADMINISTRATION a. General
i. Hours of work will generally be defined by the Engineer under whom you are working. Your particular duties will be allocated by the Engineer. ii. Time sheets must be filled in at the appropriate time and signed by the Engineer b. Personal Diaries
These are to be completed daily by all staff to record events pertaining to the progress of the Works and in particular with regard to their own involvement in these events, whether by observation or direct action. Items to be recorded shall include :
i.
Work carried out by the diarist, i.e. site supervision, level checking, etc.
ii.
Work carried out by the Contractor with reference also to events of note, e.g. commencement of earthworks, bridge works, piling, etc.
iii.
Instructions given to the Contractor and either written or verbal any other conversations with the Contractor’s representatives.
iv.
Inspections made, any decisions given, to whom, and when.
v.
Conservations and agreement with other parties e.g. land owners,
local
authorities
and
public
utility
representatives. 394
vi.
Contractor’s Constructional Plant on Site, type and location, and whether working, standing or in disrepair.
vii.
Operations being carried out with respect to plant and labour, and any general comment on the suitability of these to the tasks in hand. It shall be noted that for certain operation, there is to be a specific works progress record attached to the daily reports as described below.
viii.
The diary will be supplied by the Chief Resident
Engineer’s office and if you have not been supplied with one, you shall ask for it.
c. Daily Reports
This shall be completed not later than the following day and shall be as complete as possible and shall include the following :
i. The reservoir and pipeline identities shall be shown. In the case of earthworks, the locations of both cut and fill shall be stated. For pipelaying works, the start and finish chainage must be shown.
ii. For the purpose of identification, a rough sketch shall be included.
iii. A complete list of the Contractor’s labour and plant shall be included. Where work is being carried out on day works, the details on names and job positions (e.g. lorry driver, crane operator, etc.) are essential together with their hours of work.
395
iv. A complete list of the plant being used shall be included. Working hours shall be stated and also if any plant is standing or broken down. Again, if the work is being done on day works plant, identification numbers shall be included.
v.
Where work is being carried out on a day work basis, materials shall also be stated.
vi.
A description of works being carried out shall be included. Examples are :
vii.
ix.
-
“Concrete Base of Reservoir – Panel 1”
-
“Laying of 600mmØ from CH 100mm – CH 110mm”
-
“Laying sub -base”
A statement on weather shall be included. Examples are : -
“Fine all day”
-
“Heavy shower 10.30 – 11.15 am”
-
“No work – rain all day”
The report shall note any difficulties that were encountered and how they were overcame.
x.
The names of all visitors to the site shall be included.
Typically, daily reports shall include where appropriate to the writer;-
i.
Topsoil strip – location and depth.
ii.
Earthmoving – operation, location, haul distances, material,
plant
classification, (nothing
and
outputs,
suitability
and
reference
to
weather, compaction
moisture
material records
contents,
also
hardness of materials and strata levels with reference
396
to “rock” claims, e.g. use of rippers or pneumatic plant). iii.
Soft sport – locations, dimensions, material above and below.
iv.
Drainage – type, chainage, amendments (if any).
v.
Sub-base - location, state of formation at time of instruction.
vi.
Pavement construction –location, weather, materials being laid, layer depth and extra depths, air and material temperature.
vii.
Reservoir works progress – daily record for each structure
of
labour,
plant
and
constructions,
reinforcement, etc. viii.
Pipe laying – route, pipe diameter, chainage, length laid, sand filling, concrete surround, road crossing, obstruction, etc.
ix.
Concrete pour – weather, quantity and grade, test cube taken (if any), curing.
x.
Top soiling and turfing – location, weather.
Inspectors are to append to their daily reports their retained copies of all relevant forms issued such as “Request for Inspection”.
397
6.93 GENERAL
A. Setting Out
i. The r esponsibility for setting out the Works is the Contractor’s. The Engineer with the assistance of the Inspector of Works
will check that the Contractor’s setting out is correct.
ii. Before the Contractor starts any aspect of the Works, make sure that the Engineer is notified. To assist with the detailed setting out, reference stations will be established. Check these occasionally to see that they have not been damaged. If there is suspected damage, notify the Contractor immediately as well as the Engineer.
iii. Always check that you and the Contractor are working to the latest edition of the Drawings. A register of Drawings is kept
by the Site Clerk or another in the Engineer’s site office.
iv. Where simple checks from the reference points can be done, these shall be carried out by the Engineer, Inspectors of Works and technicians.
v. The setting out of the Works, inclusive of cross-section surveys and pegging shall be carried out intervals of not greater than those specified
398
B. Quality of Material and Testing
i.
The job can only be as good as the materials that are used. Substandard materials will give a substandard job. The responsibility for testing for acceptance is generally that of the Engineer (soil and materials). You should see that materials that have deteriorated are not used e.g. concrete that has been mixed too long or rebar that has mill scale or excessive rust.
ii. Report to the Engineer any new material that the Contractor brings to Site including a change in fill material in the earthworks.
C. Construction Plant and Labour
i.
The end product of the job will depend very largely on the performance of the Constructional Plant and labour. Check particularly that vibrating equipment, rollers, concrete vibrators, etc. are functioning correctly. If not, advise the Contractor and inform your Chief Resident Engineer .
D. Information From The Contractor
i.
It is important to know in advance what work the Contractor intends to carry out. Official programmes information will be supplied by the Contractor and your Chief Resident Engineer should let you know what is planned for your part of the Works. Try to think ahead and request information from the Contractor on such things as times of concrete pours so that shuttering and reinforcement can be finally approved or whether temporary works i.e. stream diversions are needed.
399
ii.
If you are not certain how any particular aspect is going to be carried out, ask both the Contractor and your Engineer.
E. Inspection and Approval
i.
The Contractor shall obtain approval to commence any aspect of the Works and to obtain approval upon completion. You must not unnecessarily delay the Contractor as this can give rise to a claim and needless expenditure. Check each stage of the work as it proceeds and correct any errors as they appear. A final inspection shall be made when the Contractor says that he is ready to proceed to the next stage.
ii.
It is not to the benefit of the project for an inspector or technician to leave his comments on work until the Contractor has completed it. Comments shall be made as work is being done.
iii. On large concreting operations, do not delay giving the Contractor approval to start if there are minor errors that are being worked on and will not be covered with concrete for some time. iv. If testing is required, notify the Engineer (soil and materials) in advance. v.
The system of “Request for Inspection” forms is to be used.
400
F. Location of Existing Services
i.
Before the Contractor begins excavation for foundations below existing ground, particularly adjacent to existing roads, check that underground services such as water, electric and telephone are not liable to damage.
ii.
Drawings will indicate where services are but they shall be exposed by pilot trenches prior to any excavation. If in doubt, inform the Contractor who will contact the concerned service authority if necessary. You should also inform the Engineer who will check that the Contractor has contacted the concerned service authority.
iii.
The same applies to heavy plant crossing of road, public or private.
G. Existing Roads and Temporary Diversions
i.
The Contractor is obliged not to interfere with or damage roads or make use of them without the permission of the Road Authority. Any breach of this shall be reported in details, giving times, names, if possible and vehicle types and registration numbers. Where a temporary diversion is needed, it is the
responsibility of the Contractor to obtain necessary Authority’s approval to the alignment and the type of construction and get
the Road Authority’s permission to open any diversion. ii.
Check all diversion and plant crossings to see that they are clean and do not have potholes.
iii. Check that signage are as approved and well maintained. iv. At
plant
crossing,
check
that
the
Contractor’s
safety
precautions are adequate. 401
H. Measurement Records
i.
Generally if the Works are in accordance with the Drawings, no measurement records need to be kept. However, if any part of the Works is varied, then a record of the concerned work will be required.
ii.
The Engineer will inform you of the necessity to keep records and these must be agreed with the Contractor and signed by him. Ensure that the records are in the format required by the Engineer and are sent to him. For record, keep a copy in your office.
iii.
Occasionally, the Contractor will feet that he is entitled to extra payment that has not been instructed as such. The Contractor may ask you to agree records of time worked of materials used for this work. If you consider that the records he presents to you are a fair representation of the work done, you should sign it and add the words “FOR RECORD PURPOSES ONLY”.
I. Communication With The Contractor
i.
You must always be aware of the identity of your counterpart
within the Contractor’s organisation. He will be your main point of communication with the Contractor. If you are unable to identify this person, you must bring this to the attention of your Engineer who will make the necessary enquiries with the Contractor. ii.
Instructions shall only be given to the Contractor on matters where the work contravenes the Specification.
iii.
On methods of working, you can only advise or comment. Discuss matters freely with your counterpart from the Contractor.
iv.
Do not, except in an informal way, instruct sub- contractor’s representatives. Any instruction regarding a sub-contractor shall 402
always be given to the Contractor. The reason for this is that the
“Contract” is between Employer and the Contractor.
J. Use of The Specification
Do not try to remember the Specification. Get a photocopy of the part that is relevant to your present duties and carry it with you. If in doubt, refer to your Engineer
K. Progress
Draw to the attention of your Engineer any aspect of the work that seems to be slow so that he may take it up at a higher lever. Try to find out the reasons at your level.
L. Safety on The Site
If you notice anything on Site that you consider to be unsafe, bring it to the attention of the Contractor and your Engineer. Examples of the type of things to look for are:
-
A ladder that has broken rungs or is not properly secured at the top.
-
An excavation near a public access that is not properly barricaded or adequately lit at night.
-
Mechanical defect in Construction Plant. This particularly applies to any vehicle supplied by the Contractor in which
you travel. Remember it’s your life that is in danger. -
Weak scaffolding.
-
Inadequate support for excavation sites.
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6.10 MAINTENANCE i.
A certificate of Completion either for the whole of the Works or part of the Works is issued when the works can be safety taken over for used by the owner.
ii.
This may not mean that all works are fully complete, but are in a state of practical completion to enable the owner to occupy and use the same.
iii.
When the certificate is issued, the Engineer has to issue to the Contractor a list of all outstanding incomplete or defective works. -
It will normally be the responsibility of each Engineer to compile the list of defects and omissions that are found. Normally he will be assisted in this by the inspectors.
-
The Contractor will complete these works and any other omissions and defects that are found during the Maintenance Period.
-
On completion of all of these outstanding items and at the end of the Maintenance Period, a Certificate of Making Good Defects is issued which signifies that the
Contractor’s obligations are completed. -
These items only refer to omissions and defects. Fair wear and tear, and accident damage during the
Maintenance Period is not part of the Contractor’s obligations. iv.
Detail instructions on the above will be prepared by the Engineer and issued at the appropriate time.
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