Huawei Cloud BB Solution
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Contents
Challenge and Solution Overview
Cloud BB Hardware Architecture
Cloud BB Coordination Solution
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Page 2
Why Go for Cloud BB Solution-Saving TCO & Improving QoE TCO
Increasing CAPEX& OPEX when adding sites for MBB traffic
Centralized BBU for decreasing TCO
Challenges
Cloud BB Solution
Decreasing Cell Edge Experience due to interference
Coordination Across BBU improving QoE
Edge
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Page 3
HUAWEI’s Understanding of Cloud BB Evolution BB Virtualization in future Based on General Purpose CPU with L1 accelerators;
Cloud BB
Low power consumption with high performance Open API
BBU Coordination for inter CELL coordination Coordinated technology to improve network throughput . Centralized BBU for TCO saving Site Space Saving Energy Saving O&M Simplified
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Page 4
HUAWEI Cloud BB solution overview
Macro Site
Intelligent Coordination 消费者也是多任务的,他们可能在任何时间,任何地点开 UL CoMP 展业务,营销者的尖叫不能只是单一渠道的活动,必须要横 Carrier Aggregation (CA) 扩所有媒介和渠道,与消费者行为相符合。 Coordinated Scheduling & Power Control (CSPC) Same Frequency Network(SFN)
RRU
GE/10GE S1/Se/X2/eX2
Fiber CPRI
Access Network
GE S1/Se/X2
GE S1/Se/X2/eX2
Fiber 10GE eX2
solution 1:Centralized BBU HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
solution 2:Distributed BBU(USU) Page 5
solution 3:Distributed BBU (relaxed backhaul)
Industry Standardization Progress NGMN NGMN P-CRAN project, start from march 2011 by CMCC(CMCC/FT/DT/KT/STK/Telus/Hu awei/ZTE/ALU/NSN/EricssonIntel) Phase1: CRAN Architecture, TCO saving analysis, DU Cloud interworking concept. eX2 extended interface concept Phase2: Function split DU Cloud and RU, BB virtualization research
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3GPP
ETSI ORI Open Radio equipment Interface RU-DU(CPRI) interface open ORI R1 released in 2012, support CPRI 4.1, support UMTS/LTE ORI R2 2013Q1 released, support CPRI 4.2, support 9.803 Gbps(line speed) ORI R3(CPRI 4.2) will release in 2014Q1, support CPRI 4.3, support GSM CPRI, LTE CPRI compression, support tree, ring connection
Before R12, no research on Cloud BB Features which related with Huawei Cloud BB architecture: R8:ICIC R9:None R10:CA,Comp, eICIC R11:CA,Comp enhancement R12:inter site CA
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Cloud BB Global Market Forecast BBU Coordination (Macro with Micro)
Traditional Macro Site
BBU Stack
BBU Coordination (Macro with Macro)
2012
96.5%
2.5%
0%
0%
2014
97.4%
3%
0.5%
0.1%
2016
90.4%
5%
1.6%
3%
BBU Stack is becoming important scenario in urban for TCO saving BBU Coordination will deployed firstly in LTE High load network As Small Cell market booming, Cloud BB (Macro with Micro) will deploy in hot part area in UMTS and LTE network.
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Page 7
Contents
Challenge and Solution Overview
Cloud BB Hardware Architecture
Cloud BB Coordination Solution
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Page 8
Analysis of Cloud BB Solutions BBU hotel
USU3910 USU3910
Dependency
Scenario
G E
10GE BBU
BBU
Centralized BBU
Distributed BBU(USU)
Distributed BBU(Relaxed Backhaul)
≤10us(microsecond)
≤130us
<4ms(millisecond)
Backhaul
Dedicated
Dedicated Network
Reuse Backhaul Network
Bandwidth per BBU
Dedicated
≥ 1*10GE
≥ 100Mbps
Assumption baseline : 100%
80%
20~30%
Network Latency (from BBU1 to BBU2)
Coordinator Feature Gain Comparison HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Cloud BB Architecture & Connection
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Centralized BBU Architecture USU BBU
S1/X2 Centralized BBU Coordination data transfer across centralized BBU
Backhaul Network
eX2 over Optical Fiber Centralized Cloud BB RRU RRU RRU
RRU RRU
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Recommended Application Scenario: Deploy in areas with sufficient fiber for saving OPEX and improving user experience ① Distance between BBU&USU: <100 m ② Distance between 1st Level USU& 2nd Level USU:<100m
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Centralized BBU Connection Introduction USU1
USU2
USU6
… USU1
…
USU6
2nd Level USU USU7
USU12
1st Level USU
…
… BBU1
…
… BBU10
BBU1
BBU10
BBU1
Maximum 120BBUs*36 Cells
… BBU10
BBU1
BBU10
Centralized Cloud BB Specification Max. Configuration
1 USU support 10 BBUs Max.(3 baseband for 1 BBU) 1 Cloud BB support 120 BBUs Max. (12 1st Level USUs+6 2nd Level USU)
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Cloud BB
Distributed BBU Architecture (USU)
Backhaul Network
RRU
eX2 over Optical Fiber
BBU
S1/X2
RRU
Distributed Cloud BB BBU 1st level USU
RRU
S1/X2
RRU BBU
①BBU-1st Level USU distance: 10km ②BBU-BBU max. distance: 20km ③E2E time delay:<130us
BBU
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Recommended Application Scenario: Request small scale centralized BBU and large area coordination Deploy optical transmission for eX2
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Distributed BBU (USU) Connection Introduction Distributed Cloud BB Specification 2nd Level USU
Max. Configuration
40GE
40GE
1st Level USU1 3910 10GE
…
10GE
1st Level USU 6
10GE
…
… BBU1
BBU25
UCCU
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10GE
UCCU
BBU1
UCCU
BBU25
UCCU
Page 14
1 USU support 25 BBUs Max. 1 Cloud BB support 150 BBUs Max. (6*1st Level USUs)
Distributed BBU (Relaxed Backhaul) Architecture Backhaul Network
Coordination data transfer over legacy Backhaul
S1/X2
S1/X2 RRU RRU
RRU
RRU
RRU BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
RRU BBU
BBU
Distributed Cloud BB (Relaxed Backhaul)
BBU
Reuse the legacy S1/X2 backhaul to carry the coordination data No need to deploy dedicated optical transmission network Coordination gain depends on the latency of the transmission
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RRU
Page 15
Transmission Solution for Front Haul in Centralized Cloud BB & in Distributed Cloud BB
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Front Haul Transmission Solution (Optical) RRU
BBU
topology :Ring, Tree, Chain RRU
1
Dark Fiber
RRU
Active WDM
Passive WDM topology :Ring, Tree, Chain RRU 2
topology :Ring, Tree, Chain RRU
BBU Passive WDM
3
Passive WDM
BBU
Solution
Dark Fiber (P2P Fiber)
Tech
RRU chain or loop; BBU/RRU insert long distant white Optic Mode
BBU、RRU insert long-distant color Optic mode, passive WDM module
BBU、RRU are connected by short distant optic directly, BB-RF over OTN
Sufficient fiber resource
Insufficiency fiber resource
Lack of fiber resource
BW.
10Gbps
80Gbps/800Gbps
80Gbps/800Gbps
Latency/ Jitter
5us/km 0ns
5us/km ±1ns
<21us + 5us/km ±3ns
Distance
20KM
20KM
15.8KM
Pros
Mature technical
Saving fiber
Saving more fiber
Cons
Most fiber consuming
High Maintenance cost
High device cost
Scenario
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Passive WDM
Active WDM
Active WDM
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Front Haul Transmission Solution (Micro Wave: Not Recommend)
Solution Tech
Scenario BW. Latency/ Jitter Distance
Micro Wave (Not Recommend) Only Eband can be used( 71-76,81-86 GHz)
Lack of fiber resource 2.5G One hop 45us(next release 35us), Jitter 20ns. The current version only support one hop, 2 hops is planning 1KM
Pros
Saving more fiber
Cons
Very Limited BW.
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Page 18
Dark Fiber Case for Centralized BBU Deployment in JAPAN
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Page 19
LGU+ Korea CPRI over OTN Solution Remote Site
Site 1
Site 2
4.9G CPRI
Remote Site
BBU Core Site
OSN 1800
Huawei: 18*RRUs per BBU/DU
4.9G CPRI
CRPI over OTN (w/p)
Mobile Backhaul
OSN 1800
Core Gateway
OSN 1800
4.9G CPRI Site n 2.6GHz LTE-A RRU
Cloud BB
OSN 1800
Remote Site
4.9G CPRI
OTU2
Working
OTU2
4.9G CPRI
40 * OTU2 CP6 OTU2 4.9G CPRI
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Protection
OSN1800
OTU2CP6
OSN1800
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4.9G CPRI
HUAWEI’s View on Centralized Cloud BB – Pros Vs. Cons PROS
Cons
BBU Centralization may decrease device cost including BBP, MPT & BBU box etc.
BBU Centralization need 40~50 times of CPRI transmission backhaul
Coordinated feature, such as Inter-site CoMP, increase cell edge throughput & improve KPI
Deploying coordinated feature need additional switching board and box.
Considering the benefits and costs of Cloud BB, finding balance point in deploying Cloud BB at this stage is Important
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Page 21
TCO Saving Case in China Mobile TCO Saving Case Analysis by China Mobile
CAPEX Reducing 30%
OPEX Reducing 50% 50%
Statistics from “China Mobile CRAN white paper”
Analysis Baseline Based on indoor DBS China southern urban city, 7 years TCO Fiber linked to site directly, not include transmission deployment
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• •
CAPEX saving by 30% • Roof construction/Air Conditioner/Civil Work/Equipment OPEX saving by 50% • Site Rental greatly reduced
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Recommend Number of BBUs for Cloud BB
Huawei Viewpoint
3 BBU centralized, TCO can save 24.5% using direct fiber. 10 sites is balancing point.
(fiber to site penetration: 95%)
China Mobile
8~10 BBU centralized is recommended for TCO saving.
(Fiber to site penetration: 80%) Small scale is economical (~20 sites) Dutch Telecom
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Page 23
CPRI interface transmission optimization CPRI Compression BW (Gbps)
Interface Re-definition BW (Gbps)
2.5
2.5G
50%
2.0 1.5
BBU
1.25G
800M
0.5 0
CPRI
67%
1
2011
RF L1
RF
2012
2014
BB-RF
BBU L1 L2 L3 TRP
L2 L3 TRP
Data: Huawei Research
•Bandwidth reduction to: 1/3
Recommended HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
•Bandwidth reduction to: 1/10 •Less CoMP gain against traditional DBS •Difficult BB upgrade
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Contents
Page 25
Challenge and Solution Overview
Cloud BB Hardware Architecture
Cloud BB Coordination Solution
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Huawei Cloud BB Coordination Solution Interleaving resource CSPC Joint Process
UL CoMP CA
Eliminate the cell edge SFN ASFN
Cloud BB Localized Macro
IP RAN Distributed Macro
Hetnet Eg. Micro
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Indoor Coverage Eg. Lampsite
Intelligent CA to aggregate all possibilities CA works everywhere in Cloud BB scenario
CA Scheduling with Load balance
Cell 0 + Cell1 CA Cell 0 + Cell 2 CA Cell 1 F2
Cell 2 F2
~30%
F2
Average Throughput Gain
Load balance based on
Cell 0
both control plane and F1
user plane resources.
F1
Increases user throughput Increase spectrum resource CA user Cloud BB Combine resources for its serving cell with one frequency and a number of other cells with different frequencies. Commercial 2014H1
Page 27
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Non-CA user
Uplink CoMP introduces fastest uplink cell edge speed
UL CoMP Principle Base Band
RRU
UE1
UE2
cell edge • UE1: in cell edge, gain from joint receiving
• UE2 in cell center, gain from interference attenuation HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
BBU
Cloud BB
Intra-Site Uplink CoMP (eRAN3.0)
Inter-Site Uplink CoMP (eRAN7.0)
• 10%~200% cell edge gain;
• 15%~200% cell edge gain;
• 7%~10% cell average gain
• 9%~20% cell average gain
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Adaptive SFN/SDMA eliminates cell edge SFN - Combine multiple cells into one logical cell
SFN (Single Frequency Network) applicable scenarios
• Scenarios 1: High site density, short Inter-site distance Normal cells
SFN • Scenarios 2: Combine indoor coverage and outdoor coverage
SFN
SFN Adaptive SFN / SDMA 72% throughput gain (vs. normal SFN)
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• Scenario 3: High-speed railway coverage
Benefits: Reduce handoff, avoid call drop, improve user experience in cell edge
Page 29
CSPC improves cell edge throughput 30~220% CSPC:(Coordinated Scheduling & Power Control )
Field Test in shanghai : 8 cells, 3 users on center cell, 7 users on neighbor cells
CloudBB
UE1
UE2
Cell1
Cell2 * Available in eRAN7.0
Fast Coordination • Millisecond level delay based on Cloud BB architecture
RB level coordination • RB (Resource Block) level
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TTI level power control • Adjust Tx power level in adjacent cells per TTI • Require time sync: ±1.5µs
• Cell edge throughput: 150%~200% Gain • Cell average throughput: 25%~40%
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Gain
Case Study: Huawei Cloud BB in Japan, Softbank(1) Reusing Existing PHS sites
160K PHS site across the whole country
Supper dense BTS deployment
High performance:
• Omni antenna, Multi-antenna application
• High BTS density: ISD = 100 ~ 200m
• Limited site space
• Need Interference control
Low TCO & High Performance of the super dense network is most concerned
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Page 31
Case Study: Huawei Cloud BB in Japan, Softbank (2) Centralized Cloud BB for Saving TCO
Improved Performance
Easy Network Expansion Saving Site Rental Cost due to centralized BBU Reuse the dark fiber w/o additional cost on fronthaul High Network Reliability
Improved SINR: 10dB By using SFN @ Cloud BB
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Page 32
Case Study: Huawei Cloud BB in LGU+ Large Scale Cloud BB Help to reduce 70% Site Rental Cost
LGU+ Background: Multi-band coexisting 2600M
20M
Large Scale Cloud BB • 100+ Golden Cluster • Each Golden Cluster with 10 centralized BBU
40M
2100M
15M
1800M
10M
900M
30M
360 cells per site
3M
LGU+, Korea CA Based on Cloud BB to Getting Better User Experience
Quick Network Roll-out
LGU+ Background: Rich in fibers & sites macro
macro
Cloud BB
300
2000
2000
5000
4500
12000
Site On Air Cell On Air
USU
Front Haul
Dec
Jan
Feb
Improved Network Performance • To stabilize KPI for phase 1 • Phase 2: CA, UL CoMP, DL CoMP CS
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Huawei Confidential
Huawei Cloud BB Advantages Summery Huawei Cloud BB Advantages: • Flexible Cloud BB Scenarios: Centralized BBU , Distributed BBU(USU), Distributed BBU(Lite) • Highest Specification: Centralized(120 BBU,360 cells),Distributed BBU(150~300 BBU) • USU Synchronization :One Clock source for all BBUs through USU • Transmission :Support flexible transmission solution, including CPRI Compression, WDM • Intelligent coordination : inter-site CA, inter-site SFN , CSPC, inter-site UL Comp
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Page 34
Cloud BB Deployment Suggestion Very High Request on Transmission Resource, Fiber to Site is Mandatory • Centralized Cloud BB request 20 to 25 times transmission resource. • Distributed Cloud BB(USU) request at least 10GE in each site. Cloud BB suggested to deploy in dense Urban area(Dense site , high traffic scenario) • For CSPC, only the network load reach about 30%, the gain make sense • For inter site CA & Comp, the LTE sites is dense, it has higher gain.
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APPENDIX
USU Product Introduction & Connection
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Page 36
USU3910 Introduction USU3910 USU3910 introduction • Switching Unit for BBUs
ULPU board
• Support 2-Level architecture HEI: Module
Specification
Remark
USU3910
86mm(H) * 442mm(W) * 420mm(D)
Temperature : -5~50
UEFU: Switch Fabric Board
12*CXP interface & 14*SFP interface
For clock and control panel data interconnection
ULPU: Line Process Board
30 QSFP
For BBU or USU3910 connection
QSFP module. Connecting to BBP HEI port, or UCCU QSFP port on BBU
UEFU board
Fabric: CXP module. Connecting to CXP Fabric port between level 1 & level 2 USU3910
CI UL: SFP module. Uplink CI port connecting to CI DL port on level 2 USU3910
CI DL: SFP module. Downlink CI port connecting to CI UL port on USU3910 or UMPT
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Page 37
Centrialized Architecture Connection– Level 1: BBU & USU Fiber between ULPU QSFP and BBP HEI port, with IBDL (Internal Baseband Data Link) data
UEFU
ULPU
F A N
BBP
BBP
BBP
BBP
Fiber between UEFU SFP and UMPT CI port, with ICDL (Internal Control Data Link) data
UPEU BBP UPEU UMPT
BBP
…
F A N
BBP
BBP
BBP
BBP
UPEU BBP UPEU BBP
UMPT
BBU4
BBU0
Max. Distance
100 meters between USU and BBU
Max. Configuration
1 USU support 5 BBUs Max. (6 baseband for 1 BBU); Or 1 USU support 10 BBUs Max.(3 baseband for 1 BBU)
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Page 38
Centrialized Architecture Connection– Leve 2: USU & USU Level 2
USU0
USU1
UEFU
UEFU
UEFU
UEFU
Fiber between two CXP ports, with IBDL (Internal Baseband Data Link) data
USU5
…
UEFU UEFU
Fiber between two CI ports, with ICDL (Internal Control Data Link) data
Level 1 UEFU
UEFU
ULPU
ULPU
USU0
…
UEFU ULPU
USU1
USU11
Max. Distance
100 meters between USU and USU
Max. Configuration
Max 12 Level 1 USU Max 6 Level 2 USU Max 120 BBUs connection under 2 Level USU3910 architecture
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Page 39
Distributed Architecture Connection– Leve 1: BBU & USU Uplink to level 2 USU
Fiber between ULPU QSFP and UCCU QSFP port, with IBDL+ICDL data
UEFU ULPU
Fiber between Level 1 and Level 2 USU
F A N
BBP BBP BBP BBP
UCCU BBP
UPE U
F A N
UPEU
UMPT
BBP BBP BBP BBP
UCCU BBP UMPT
BBU0
UCCU
BBU1
UPE U UPEU
…
F A N
BBP BBP BBP BBP
UCCU BBP UMPT
UPE U UPEU
BBU24
QSFP connect to BBP HEI port QSFP
QSFP
QSFP
QSFP QSFP
QSFP
RUN ALM ACT
QSFP connect to ULPU QSFP port in level 1 USU
Max. Distance
Max 10 km between USU and BBU. Max 20km between 2 BBUs
Max. Configuration
1 USU support 25 BBUs Max
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Page 40
Distributed Architecture Connection– Leve 2: USU & USU Level 2 UEFU
Fiber between Level 1 and Level 2 USU
ULPU
Level 1
…
UEFU ULPU
USU0
UEFU ULPU
USU5
Max. Distance
Max 10 km between USU and BBU. Max 20km between 2 BBUs
Max. Configuration
Max 6 Level 1 USU Max 1 Level 2 USU Max 150 BBUs connection under 2 Level USU3910 architecture
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Page 41
Cloud BB Solution Architecture Overview Core Network
sRIO/sCPRI 10GE/40GE
Access Network 1
Centralized BBU
Access Network
3
2
Distributed BBU(USU)
USU3910
sRIO/sCPRI USU3910
GE
Access Network
USU3910
MSU
10GE
Eth
Distributed BBU(Lite)
BBU
BB U
USU3910
USU3910
sRIO/sCPRI ICDL
Eth
USU3910 Eth
Eth
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
BB
BB
BB
UCCU
UCCU
UCCU
MPT
MPT
MPT
MPT
MPT
MPT
BBU
BBU
MPT
MPT
USU USU
BBU HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
G E
10GE
BBU
BBU
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Thank you www.huawei.com Copyright© 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved. The information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial and operating results, future product portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements. Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the information at any time without notice.