Sea-Tel Onboard Personnel Training DAC-2202 Legacy Rev1.1

MARITIME TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

Onboard Personnel Training Training Manual Richard Pimentel

This document is intended for MTN customers only. This document will provide the user with a basic knowledge of MTN’s VSAT system and functionality. This document is to be provided only after training on the VSAT system has been provided by an MTN representative.

On-Board Personnel Training -

Sea-Tel DAC-2202 / Legacy

Table of Contents Abbreviations & Terminology ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 Satellite Principles/ Theory ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5 iDirect Hub – Remote Basics .………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11 All BDE Component Identification & Functions: Sea-Tel Digital Antenna Controller(s) (DAC) .…………………………………………………………………………… 13 Terminal Mounting Strip .…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13~14 MUX plate (RF Modems) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15 iDirect Netmodem ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..… 15 Spectrum Analyzer/ RSA …………………………………………………………………………………………………….…… 16 Cisco Router ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….. 16~17 Cisco Switch …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….….. 17 Laptop ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 18 Uninterruptable Power Supply ……………………………………………………………………………………..….. 18~19 NMEA Buffer …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……… 19 DAC Menu Navigation and Functionality ……………………………………………………………………….…………..…. 21~29 Setting and Identifying Blockage Zones (as seen from DAC, and in ADE) ………………………...……… 26 Targeting a Satellite ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30 Performing a Satellite Cutover ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 32 Setting Threshold …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 36

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Maritime Telecommunications Network Training Manual

16 November 2010 Legacy rev. 1.1



Setting Satellite Elevation & Azimuth Trims …………………………………………………….……………….…………………. 37 Up/ Downloading of Options File Saving Current options file to Laptop …………………………………………………………………………………….. 39 Loading options file to iDirect Netmodem ……………………………………………………………………………… 40 All ADE Components Identification & Functions: a. PCU …………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 b. GPS …………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 c. Level Cage ………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 d. Level cage motor ..……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 e. Axes Motors ..…..………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 f.

Servo Amplifiers .………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41

g. Home flag switch ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 h. Azimuth Encoder ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 i.

Circuit breaker…..………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41

j.

Power ring …..…………………………………………………………………………………………..………………. 41

k. Rotary Joint ....……………………………………………………………………………………………………..……. 41 l.

LNB ……………...……………………………………………………………………………………………………..……. 41

m. Feed Assembly …..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..…. 42 n. Pol Motor …..………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……. 42 o. Pol Potentiometer ……..…………………………………………………………………………………….….……. 42 p. BUC …..……………………………………………………………….……………………………………………..………. 42

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q. BUC Power Supply (if applicable) …..…………………..…………………………………………….………. 42 r.

Antenna Power supply .……………………………………………………………………………………….……. 42

s. Waveguide …..……………….…………………………………………………………………………………….……. 42 t.

ADE RF Modems ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……. 42

u. Polang Relay Assy. …………………………………………………………………………………………….………. 42 2.4m & 1~1.5m Antenna Components Photos ……..……………………………………………………………………….. 42~47 Antenna Initialization & 3 Axes Movement ….………………………………………………………………………….…………. 47 Tx/ Rx Signal Flow …..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………. 49

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Abbreviations/ Terminology • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

AC- Alternating Current ACU- Antenna Control Unit BUC- Block Up-Converter CCW- Counter Clock Wise CONUS- Continental United States Co-Pol – Co Polarization Cross-Pol – Cross Polarization CW- Clock Wise DAC- Digital Antenna Controller DC- Direct Current Directnet- Nomenclature for MTN network configuration using iDirect application DRAM- Dynamic Random Access Memory EPS- External Power Supply ES- Earth Station Freq- Frequency FSD- Frame Start Delay GPS- Global Positioning System GEO- Geosynchronous Orbit GUI- Graphical User Interface H- Horizontal Polarization IDU- Indoor Unit IF- Intermediate Frequency IFL- Interconnect Facility Link IOR- Indian Ocean Region LAN- Local Area Network Lat- Latitude LED- Light Emitting Diode

•

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

LEO- Low Earth Orbit LES- Land Earth Station LHCP- Left-hand Circular Polarization LO- Local Oscillator Long- Longitude LNA- Low Noise Amplifier LNB- Low Noise Block (downconverter) MEO- Medium Earth Orbit MES- Mobile Earth Station NetModem- iDirect satellite modem NMS- Network Management Server NOC- Network Operations Center OMT- Orthomode Transducer PCU- Pedestal Control Unit PLL- Phase Lock Looped POL- Polarization POR- Pacific Ocean Region QOS- Quality Of Service Radome- Protects antenna from environment RF- Radio Frequency RHCP- Right-hand Circular Polarization RX- Receive chain or signal Remote- shipside netmodem/ distant-end netmodem SATCOM- Satellite Communications

• • • • • • • • • • •

SCPC- Single Channel Per Carrier SNR- Signal to Noise Ratio SSPA- Solid State Power Amplifier TCP/IP- Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol TDM- Time Division Multiplexing TDMA- Time Division Multiple Access TWTA- Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier TX- Transmit chain or signal V- Vertical Polarization VLAN- Virtual Local Area Network V-Sat – Very Small Aperture Terminal

The objective of this document is to provide vessel personnel with the basic knowledge and understanding of how the MTN VSAT system operates and how to accomplish common everyday tasks. This document is to be left with vessel personnel for reference purposes only. Any issues, questions, and concerns about the MTN VSAT system, please call the MTN NOC at 1-954-538-4074. 5





Satellite Principles/ Theory•

Satellite Orbits –

There are several types of satellite orbits; Polar, Low-earth, Medium-earth and geosynchronous to name a few

–

MTN uses Geosynchronous/ Geostationary Satellite’s

–

•

An orbit that has the same orbital period as the Earth's rotation (23h 56m 4sec)

•

Orbit does not have an orbital inclination and eccentricity of zero

•

Orbit directly over equator

•

Orbital position measured by Longitude

Satellite positions are determined & referenced by its Longitude (e.g. 83 West) •

6

East & West satellite positions are determined from 00 Longitude



On-Board Personnel Training •

In V-Sat communications, the most commonly used frequency bands are C and Ku. –

Radars operate at S and X bands, these bands and on either side of C and can cause interference.

–

C-Band Frequencies Operate at:

–

–

•


•

Uplink 5925 to 6425 MHz

•

Downlink 3700 to 4200 MHz

•

Satellite translation frequencies will vary from satellite to satellite, but typically work at 2225MHz for domestic C-band in MTN’s network of satellites.

Ku-Band Frequencies •

Uplink 14000 to 14500

•

Downlink (Mhz) •

Band 1- 10950 to 11700

•

Band 2- 11700 to 12200

•

Band 3- 12200 to 12700

Satellite translation frequencies will vary from satellite to satellite, but typically work at 2300MHz for domestic Ku-band and 3300MHz for some international Ku-band (ABS-1) in MTN’s network of satellites.

FootPrints/ Beams–

Global: Covers 1/3 of the Earth at one time.

–

Hemi: Covers a hemisphere, i.e. all of North and South America.

–

Regional: Covers a Continent or Countries and is smaller than a Hemi footprint

–

Area/ Spot: Covers very small areas in comparison to the other footprints, and are usually located over small isolated land mass.

7




•


Satellite Interference–

Interference - Interference can come from electrical or physical sources. These sources can introduce noise into the signal or impede the path or reception of the signal.

–

Microwave Communications – The frequency spectrum of satellite communications is shared among other industries. Microwave and some Radar are particularly intrusive either in primary or harmonic frequencies.

–

Sun Outages – The sun generates a level of RF noise all of the time and a significant level at predictable times that are announced by most satellite providers. Storms on the sun generate waves of energy that degrade most RF signals including satellite frequencies.

–

Rain Fade– Significant levels of water moisture in the air will have a negative effect on satellite communications because the water molecules in the air attenuate the signal. The attenuation reduces the signal power level at the receiving end and the Signal to Noise (S/N) ratio is reduced. The higher the frequency, the lower resulting S/N as a result of rain fade.

–

Physical Blockage – Other than the Radome, any additional physical mass blocking the Line of Sight between the antenna and the satellite will decrease the power level and

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performance of the satellite signal being received. Trees, buildings and towers are typical sources of physical blockage that need to be mitigated to provide the best performance. Polarization–

Polarization is a way to give transmission signals a specific direction.

–

Signals transmitted by a satellite can be polarized in four different ways:

–

•

linear (horizontal or vertical) or circular (left-hand or right-hand).

•

The purpose is to maximize the channels that are available for satellite broadcasts, efficiently, both linear polarization and circular polarization which can be applied concurrently for each transponder or frequency assignment.

Linear Polarized signals are transmitted by a satellite and sent as microwave energy in either, a vertical (up and down) or horizontal (flat) polarization. Geostationary Arc

rti c

al

Po

la

riz

at io

n

Linear Polarized Satellites

H

or iz

on

ta l

Po

la

riz

at io

n

Ve

•

Earth

–

Circular Polarization (C-Band) uses a varying polarization. •

9

Instead of transmitting and receiving the RF signal along a linear plane (H or V), circular polarization is transmitted and received in a helical rotating pattern (LHCP = CCW direction and RHCP = CW direction as seen from the satellite)





lar i za

tio n

Geostationary Arc

n tio ar i za

i se kw oc Cl

RI gh

tH

an

Ro

d

Ci

ta tio n

rc u

Co

la

un

rP

ol

te r

Le

Cl

ft H

oc

an

kw

d

i se

Ci

rc u

Ro

lar

ta tio n

Po

Circular Polarized Satellites

Earth

–

Feed Assembly•

Orthomode Transducer is part of the feed assembly and is used to combine or separate the Transmit and Receive signal paths. The Transmit and Receive signals over the same waveguide section are 90 degrees to each other.

•

Isolation between the TX and RX signals is generally between 40 dB and 60 dB (orthogonal shift) minimizing any possibility of interference. –

•

10

This isolation protects the sensitive receiver front-end elements (LNB) from burning out by the power output of the BUC.

Co-Polarization- is when both TX and RX signals are on the same polarity, i.e. TX/RX - H/H or TX/RX - V/V. This is used on satellites specifically designed to operate Co-Pol and requires a “Co-Pol kit” to be retro-fitted onto the antenna. Applies to Ku-band antenna systems only.





Satellite Links – – –

–

–

Uplink • Transmission path from Earth station to Satellite Downlink • Transmission path from Satellite to Earth Station DirectNet Outbound Channel (Out-Route/Down-stream) • Signal from the Hub to the Remote • Outbound Uplink (Hub to Satellite) • Outbound Downlink (Satellite to Remote) DirectNet Inbound Channel (In-Route/Up-Stream) • Signal from the Remote to the Hub • Inbound Uplink (Remote to Satellite) • Inbound Downlink (Satellite to Hub) Outbound and Inbound signals use the same satellite and typically use the same transponder.

–

•

Transponder • A Transponder is a satellite repeater, which accepts the weak incoming signals from the Earth stations, boosts them, translates them from the uplink to the downlink frequency, and re-transmits them to the Earth stations Satellite Systems Equipment –

–

–

– –

–

11

Antenna- Receive • Reflector and Band-pass Filter • Band-pass Filter allows only desired signals to pass through Amplifier- Receive • The Low Noise Blocker (LNB) amplifies signal and provides conversion to L-Band • The Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) increases the power level of the signal Amplifier- Transmit • The TWTA or SSPA amplifies the power level of the signal to a level that the Earth stations can receive Antenna- Transmit • Block Up Converter (BUC) converts L-Band to RF and amplifies the signal Mixer Local Oscillator (LO) • Converts any frequency to create a new frequency • Utilizes a local oscillator to mix and translate the received Uplink frequencies to Downlink frequencies at the Satellite (and vice versa). Utilizes a known stabilized frequency source (10MHz)





Simple Satellite Conversion: –

–

C-Band •

Modem TX L-Band

1200MHz Modem to BUC

•

BUC LO

4900MHz BUC LO

•

TX Up Link Freq

6100MHz BUC to Satellite

•

Satellite LO

2225MHz Satellite LO

•

RX Down Link Freq

3875MHz Satellite to LNB

•

LNB LO

5150MHz LNB LO

•

HUB RX L-Band

1275MHz LNB to Line card

Ku-Band •

Modem TX L-Band

1200MHz Modem to BUC

•

BUC LO

13050MHz BUC LO

•

TX Up Link Freq

14250MHz BUC to Satellite

•

Satellite LO

2300MHz Satellite LO

•

RX Down Link Freq

11950MHz Satellite to LNB

•

LNB LO

10750MHz LNB LO

•

HUB RX L-Band

1200MHz LNB to Line card

iDirect Hub – Remote Basics –

12

Signal to Noise Ratio • SNR is the measure of signal to noise for a digital communications system. It is measured at the input to a receiver and is used as the basic measure of how strong the signal is.



On-Board Personnel Training –


Hub - Remote in-route path • Is a simple TDMA in-route over a single transponder from several remote sites.

Re In-Route

m

ot e

1

mo

3

4

2 te

ote

Re

Rem

Remote

Inroute- Multiple remotes transmitting back to Hub at Earth Station

•

Remote Equipment Configuration: – LNB and BUC are on the antenna above decks and iDirect netmodem (remote) is mounted in the rack below decks.

Low Noise Block Down Converter (LNB)

RX Radio Frequency

TX Radio Frequency

ES Down Converter

LNA

ES Up Converter

AMP

L-Band RX (to demodulator)

L-Band TX (from Modulator)

BUC (C or Ku)

13





Below Decks Equipment (BDE) Components•

Sea-Tel DAC – Is the man-machine user interface. Allows the user to command and control the above decks antenna system and provides for visual display of antenna status and diagnostics.

DAC-2200/2202

•

Terminal Mounting Strip (TMS) – Allows for interface of Synchro, SBS, or NMEA Gyro, input/ output of NMEA GPS, external AGC input to Sea-Tel DAC

Older style TMS

14




15






•

BDE RF Modem Plate (Mux Plate) – Allows for BDE to ADE communications to have command and control of the antenna, and allows for laptop to BUC communications. Typical set-up is 2 sets below decks and 2 above decks.

•

iDirect Netmodem (Remote) – Is where data/IP information is modulated onto a frequency/ carrier and sent up to the antenna for transmission to the satellite.

5000 series iDirect Netmodem

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Spectrum Analyzer/ Remote Spectrum Analyzer (RSA) – Displays the RX spectrum of bandwidth from the satellite

PSA-37XP

RSA-2150A

•

Cisco Router – Interfaces ship network to MTN network at the IP level

Cisco 3600 series Router 17





Cisco 2600 series Router

Cisco 2811 Router

•

Cisco Switch –

Interfaces MTN IP addressable devices to iDirect netmodem via VLAN’s

Cisco 2950 Switch

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Laptop –

•


MTN rack laptop for MTN/ vessel use. For professional purposes only.

Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) –

MTN provided to support MTN rack and above decks antenna system during ship power outages.

2kVA Powerware UPS or 6kVA UPS includes Controller (not shown)

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5kVA powerware UPS (older style)

•

NMEA Buffer –

Passes NMEA GPS/ Gyro to ACU, NMEA GPS to Netmodem, & Router for Shiptracker, and is also a pass-thru for ext AGC and is used to program Garmin GPS antenna, above decks.

Rev. 2 NMEA Buffer 20





SEA-TEL Digital Antenna Controller (DAC) Unit Menu Navigation & Functionality•

Stabilized Antenna System Terminology-

•

DAC 2200 series Front Panel Functions: –

The DAC-2200 and 2202 have Next, Select, and Enter buttons to navigate the display menus.

–

The DAC-2200 and 2202 also has an Up, Down, Left, and Right arrows for further selection and control. The new DAC has a tracking button to toggle tracking on and off.

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DAC Menu’s –

–

Ship menu has three entries •

Latitude The latitude of the vessel location

•

Longitude The longitude of the vessel location

•

Heading The current heading of the vessel.

•

The heading has two entries. The right entry is the heading that the DAC is receiving. The left entry is the echo from the heading that the PCU is receiving.

The Satellite menu has four displays with a sub menu under the receiver. •

The top left is the current satellite that has been entered

•

The top right is the threshold entered

•

The bottom right is the AGC

•

The bottom left is the receiver menu and the sub menus under it. To enter into the sub menu keep pressing the enter key (some versions of software you will need to use the N/S/E/W key).

•

The receiver first has the tracking freq in L-band i.e. MHZ 1015 –

The next display will be KHZ or Baud rate.

–

Next will be tone, this is not used in MTN systems

–

Next will be volt horz/vert, this is not used in MTN systems.

–

Next is FEC, this is changeable to many settings. The MTN systems use only the SCPC mode or the AUTO.

– –

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Next is NID, MTN does not use this function and it MUST be set to 0000

The Antenna menu has five displays: •

The top left is Azimuth display. The AZ display is a calculation of Rel + Heading +/- AZ trim.

•

The top right is Elevation display from the elevation angle sent back by the PCU




The bottom left is Relative display. The REL display is a position feedback from the PCU of the encoder reading.

•

The bottom right is AGC display. This is the signal strength from the satellite.

•

The NEXT bottom left display is Polang display. The POL display is a direct readout of the pole pot on the feed of the antenna and is sent to the DAC from the PCU. –

–

–

With the DAC-2200 and 2202 use the arrow keys to select the desired axis position and change the numbers using the up / down arrow keys. To slew the antenna, select the main antenna window with all four displays present and use the arrow keys to move the antenna.

The Mode menu has active tracking and searching selections. Under the Mode menu is a list of parameters. After the these parameters is the remote commands. •

The first display is CONTROL TRACKING. The tracking function can be turned on/off using the up arrow. The band selection can be changed using the down arrow. The band select does not change the function of the tracking. Band select is KuLo, KuHi, C, or X. (typically used for LNB Band selection)

•

Next is CONTROL SEARCH, use the up arrow to toggle this function on/off. Search can only be enabled when the AGC is lower than threshold.

Next is the STATUS ERROR display. This display reflects the errors that the system has accrued. The ERROR window has two sets of numbers. •

The first set is the communication errors between the PCU and the DAC. The number will increment for each missing data bit.

•

The second set of numbers is the specific errors that the DAC or the PCU has detected. –

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The sum of the numbers will represent what error has occurred.





–

The next display is the REMOTE AUX. This is not activated and has no relevance.

–

The Set-Up menus should only be modified by qualified technicians. The Set-Up menu will change the tracking, searching and function parameters. To access the menu’s press and hold the left & right arrow keys simultaneously for 3 seconds or until “auto trim” or “EL trim” is displayed. • •

•

• • •

•

• • • • •

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AUTO TRIM: applicable in ACU sw ver. 6.06 >. Auto calculates & applies EL/AZ trim (see below). EL TRIM: This changes the EL display without changing the look angle. This is to compensate for the differences in the machining of each antenna. The trims are used to adjust the display value to the calculated value of the satellite. AZ TRIM: This changes the AZ display without changing the AZ position. The AZ TRIM is used to correct for the imperfections on the installation of the antenna. The trims are used to adjust the display value to the calculated value of the satellite. AUTO THRES: This has the DAC calculate the threshold automatically. MTN does not use this function and should be set to 0000. EL STEP SIZE: This changes the size of the steps when in step-track. A value of 0001-0004 is for active step track. A value of 0000 is used for dish-scan tracking. AZ STEP SIZE: This changes the size of the steps when in step-track. A value of 0001-0004 is for active step track. A value of 0000 is used for dish-scan tracking. MTN uses a default of 0003 for step-track. NOTE: All Ku systems should be running dish-scan. STEP INTEGRAL: Controls the integration of steps, i.e.... the time the antenna takes before the next step is initiated. MTN uses a default of 0060. A setting of 0000 activates dish-scan tracking. NOTE: All Ku systems should be running dishscan. SEARCH INC: The search pattern is a spiral box pattern, the SEARCH INC represents the incremental size the next pattern will be. SEARCH LIMIT: Represents the overall size of the search box SEARCH DELAY: Represents the amount of time the AGC can be below the threshold before the search will begin. SWEEP INC: This function is not used at MTN. SYSTEM TYPE: This number represents the different features that are initiated in the system. – Add the numbers together to activate the corresponding configuration – MTN uses 134 for C-Band and 198 for Ku-Band antennas – For the External AGC to be activated, the system type 2 and 128 must always be combined.



On-Board Personnel Training –

For the older Ku-Band systems (i.e. 4003), the LNB voltage must be enabled and the correct voltage selected from the receiver menu.

•

GYRO TYPE: This number indicates the type of compass interface that is connected. – The most common gyro type at MTN is 2 or 360

•

POLANG TYPE: This number represents the polang type the system is in. MTN only uses a POLANG TYPE of 0009 (Manual mode) or 0072 (auto pol mode) – 0 Circular Feed (No polang function) – 1 Manual mode – 8 Pol pot readout – 64 Auto Pol • A 9 is a 1+8 (Manual mode and Pol Pot readout) this mod is used to read the pol pot and to manually rotate the polang. The 72 is an 8+64 (Pol pot read and Auto Pol) is set after a calibration and cross-pol has been performed. The polarizer will automatically adjust while the vessel changes location. • When using a circular feed, the Polang Type must not be set to Auto. POL OFFSET: This is the offset to trim out the polang when using the auto pol mode.

•

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On-Board Personnel Training • •


POL SCALE: This represents the scale factor for the specific type of antenna feed. AZ LIMIT and EL Limit: AZ 1, 2, EL12/ AZ 3, 4, EL 34/ AZ 5, 6, EL56: This feature disables tracking and searching within the specified azimuth and the EL blockage areas. – The blockage zones will define an area of blockage relative to the antenna on the vessel. All of the entries are X10. This is because there are no decimals that can be entered. Example: An AZ limit of 1000 would represent a REL position of 100. An AZ limit of 1005 would represent a REL position of 100.5. This is the same for the EL limit, an EL limit of 450 = EL of 45. An EL of 455= EL position of 45.5. – AZ 1 will define the starting position of the blockage zone and AZ 2 will define the end of that blockage zone. EL 12 will represent the height of the EL position for the blockage zone. – There are typically three different blockage zones in the software. • AZ 1,2 and EL12 = Blockage zone one • AZ 3,4 and EL34 = Blockage zone two • AZ 5,6 and EL56 = Blockage zone three

(Drawings next page)

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Using Azimuth & Elevation Blockage Zones

Using Azimuth Blockage Zones 27



On-Board Personnel Training • •

•

•


5v OFFSET: This function is used for TVRO with HCDC feeds 5v SCALE: This function is used for TVRO with HCDC feeds – The 5V pol motor is mounted on the end of the single C single Ku feed that has Vertical, Horizontal, RHCP and LHCP capabilities with the alignment of a dipole mounted in the OMT TX POLARITY: The TX POL selects the polarity that the system will be transmitting in. There are two setting for this display, 2 and 4. 2 represents vertical TX and 4 represents horizontal. (Some 40xx systems the pol assy. has been mounted 90 degrees out and this will reverse the logic). TRACK DISP: The track display will change the function of the tracking window. Depending on the setting for the TRACK DISP the front panel display will change and the corresponding function will be active. Tracking Display Index Table

Tracking Display

Tdisp Index

cNNN' cmd

ADE Band select outputs

BDE sw1

Usage/Details

C

0

c0040

Tone 0, Volt 13, Aux 0

Off

Legacy C/X, KuLo/KuHi

X

0

c0041


On

Band Relay driven by AUX

KuLo

0

c0042


Off

Uses standard PCU SW

KuHi

0

C0043


On

Xp 13

40

c0040


Off

Xp/Cp, Dual Band LNB

Xp 18

40

c0041


On

Pol relay driven by AUX

Cp 13

40

c0042


Off

Uses standard PCU SW

Cp 18

40

c0043


On

Xp B1

130

c0040


Off

Xp/Cp, Quad Band LNB

Xp B2

130

c0044


Off

Tone switch driven by PWM-

Xp B3

130

c0041


On

PWM- controlled by Tone Select

Xp B4

130

c0045


On

Requires TVA enabled PCU SW 6.42c

Co B1

130

c0042


Off

Co B2

130

c0046


Off

Co B3

130

c0043


On

Co B4

130

c0047


On

Tracking Display Chart for Multi-LNB use

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• • •

•

• •

• •

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SAVE NEW PARAMETERS: To save any changes in the SETUP menu, you must be in the save new parameters display – DAC-2200/2202 • To save changes in a DAC-2202, press the left arrow key and then enter. A verification of SAVED will appear. REMOTE COMMAND: allows access to the PCU. With this function, the PCU can be programmed, monitored, and controlled. REMOTE MONITOR: allows the command to be viewed. DISHSCAN: allows for easy toggling of the Dish-Scan function of the antenna. – This function needs to be in conjunction with other settings. – This function is present with version software 4.20 and higher. SAT REF: allows for easy toggling of the Satellite Reference mode. – This mode must be used with ALL types of satellite compass input. (Vector lite and Furuno). – This function can also be used if the vessel looses the gyro input or has a defective gyro. REMOTE TILT: is used for the level cage offset and is a trim to level out the level cage. REMOTE PARAMETERS: is used to save any changes made to the PCU. To save press the up arrow and enter, the display will flash if the PCU accepted the changes. If the changes are not saved, the last saved parameters will be reloaded into the PCU. REMOTE BALANCE: applicable in ACU sw ver. 6.06>. Removes voltage from axes motors to balance antennas with motor brakes. REMOTE UPLOAD: is used to program the PCU. This mode locks the ACU and allows the data to pass to the PCU. To program the PCU the REMOTE UPLOAD must be present in the display. To program the ACU this mode must NOT be used.





Targeting a Satellite•

Using a DAC-2200/2202

Before beginning it is necessary to know some Information pertaining to the desired satellite. Position of the desired satellite_________________________________ Example: 325E, 64E, 40W

L-band tracking frequency ____________________________________ (Mhz)

Step: 1. Press “NEXT” key until SATELLITE display is found. 2. Press “ENTER” key to isolate satellite position. 3. Press “Left” or “Right” arrow key to select appropriate digit then use “Up” or “Down” arrow key to change value to the desired satellite, . Turn tracking off by pressing the tracking button (tracking/search light will go out). This will prevent the ACU from going into search once the Satellite calculated Azimuth and Elevation are reached. 1. Press “NEXT” and record the calculated AZ/ EL values. a. AZ ________ EL __________ 5.

If antenna did not lock on targeted satellite, begin a manual grid pattern search. This will be done from the AZ & EL display under the “ANTENNA” menu, a. Using calculated AZ/ EL values, begin sweeping AZ +/-20 degrees from the satellite calculated position, then move EL 2 degrees up or down, then sweep Az…etc. continue sweep pattern by toggling back and forth between AZ & EL display values by pressing the “ENTER” key. Once the pattern has been completed in one direction, continue search in the other half of the grid keeping the satellite calculated position in the center. Search using this grid pattern until the desired satellite signal is found.

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b. For e.g. (Beginning Elevation is the starting point of the grid search) >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> +40 deg AZ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2 deg EL <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< -40 deg AZ <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

2 deg EL

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> +40 deg AZ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2 deg EL <<<<< -20 deg AZ <<<<<<< Begin Elevation >>>>> +20 deg AZ >>>>>>> 2 deg EL

2 deg EL

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< -40 deg AZ <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> +40 deg AZ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2 deg EL <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< -40 deg AZ <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< c. This procedure should be done until satellite signal is found. If after sweeping +/- 5 degrees in Elevation, the signal still isn’t found, increase Azimuth sweep to +/- 30 degrees (or 60 degrees total), and repeat step 5. Ensure heading, latitude and longitude are correct.

Note: With a KU antenna, point accuracy more critical. The Elevation should only be increased or decreased by 1 degree when performing the Grid Pattern search. 6. Once satellite signal is found record on-sat AZ and EL. Make sure to allow 8 seconds to allow DishScan to adjust antenna pointing angles before recording. a. AZ __________ EL ___________ 7. Once appropriate satellite signal is found, locating the satellite is complete.

End of Page

31





- To ensure that the antenna is pointing in the correct area as it searches for the satellite, below is a figure showing the antennas Azimuth pointing angle to the satellite and its RELATIVE position in reference to the BOW of the ship. N

E

W HDG 240.3

REL 221.0

AM1 (40E)

S

Ship Lat= 30.37N

Satellite Longitude= 40.0 E

Ship Long= 28.5W

Azimuth Look Angle= 101.3 deg. (calculated value)

Ship HDG= 240.3 deg.

Elevation Look Angle= 9.9 deg. (calculated value) Antenna RELATIVE Position= 221 deg.

32





Performing a Satellite Cutover Using a DAC-2200/2202 Step 1Call the NOC on an alternate system and notify them that you are requesting a satellite cutover. If you call using the V-Sat system, the connection will be terminated when the modem is reset. a. When calling into the NOC you will need to identify who you are, your position, the vessel that you are on, the type of antenna that you have. You will also need to verify your location. b. The NOC will look up the vessel and the location, with this information the best satellite and settings will be determined. The NOC will then inform the user of the new satellite, the new tracking frequency and to tune the Spectrum Analyzer to the new frequency. c. The user will be asked if the options file for the current satellite is saved to the desktop, if not the user will need to retrieve the options file from iSite and save the options file before the satellite change proceeds. d. The NOC will PUSH the new options file to the modem if the system is in the network. If the system is not in the network, a different procedure will need to take place. The modem will reset and the lights on the front of the modem will extinguish and go through a start up and self check sequence. Step 2- DAC Enter the new satellite and tracking frequency into the DAC a. Press ‘next’ key until ‘SAT’ menu is displayed b. Press until ‘FREQ xxxx’ or ‘MHz xxxx’ and ‘AGC xxxx’ appears. (This will depend on the type of tuner card in the DAC). c. Using the arrow keys, enter in new frequency and then press d. Tune the spectrum analyzer to the tracking frequency. e. Enter the new satellite position by pressing until ‘SAT xxx.x E/W’ is displayed in the window alone. Utilize the arrow keys to change satellite longitude. f.

Press once satellite position is changed.

g. The antenna will now move and target the new satellite entered 33





Normal indication the netmodem will acquire a green RX LED and then a green TX LED and next the network LED will go green. This will indicate that you are now in the network and have acquired the new satellite. The NOC will have the operator perform three tests: A Cross- Pol test if the system is linear (all of the Ku band systems are linear), a Compression test, and a Threshold settings test. The three steps that need to be performed are: Cross-Pol or Compression Test (similar setup) Step 1- laptop To perform a cross pol test and a compression test the user will need to start a telnet session with the modem. a. Click on the ‘Start’ icon then click ‘Run’ and enter telnet with the IP address in the command prompt. ‘telnet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx’ b. Once in telnet session, enter username ‘admin’ and password ‘iDirect’ for the password. c. The NOC will give you a new TX frequency, write the frequency down so you can reference back to it if need be. Tx frequency ___________ STEP 2- DAC Turn the tracking off on the DAC if the vessel is in port. a. Press ‘Tracking’ to toggle tracking off. Green tracking light should be extinguished b. Press & hold; Left & right arrow keys simultaneously until Auto Trim or EL Trim is displayed. a. Press key until ‘SYSTEM TYPE’ appears b. Note ‘SYSTEM TYPE’ and change to ‘4’ if not already. This will ensure EXT AGC is disabled. Record the original setting before changing any settings in the DAC.

34





Step 3- Laptop netmodem telnet session To set up the modem: a. Enter rx enable off . This will disable RX Lock on netmodem b. Enter tx freq xxxx.xx , given by the NOC c. Enter tx power -25 , at NOC direction d. Enter tx cw on , at NOC direction The NOC will instruct you to adjust the power level of the modem to the needed level for the test. To continue Cross-Pol test go to step 4, if Compression test go to step 5.

Cross-Pol Test Step 4- DAC a. Press ‘next’ key until ‘Antenna’ menu (AZ/EL look angles) is displayed in window. b. Press until ‘POL xxx’ appears in window & record POL value. Initial POL value _________ c. Press & hold ; Left & Right arrow keys simultaneously until ‘Auto Trim’ or ‘EL Trim’ is displayed. c. Press key until ‘POL TYPE’ is displayed d. Change display from 72 to 9 for manual skew of feed assembly. e. Go back to the ‘POL’ screen under ‘ANTENNA’ menu NOC will instruct the user to adjust the pol in a specific direction. The user might need to move the pol back and forth by using the ‘Up’ and ‘Down’ keys to achieve the needed value at the earth station. Once the test is completed, record the value of the pol f.

New POL Value __________

Calculate the difference of the original POL display value and new POL value; this number will be negative or positive. g. POL Difference __________ 35





Go to the POL OFFSET menu and adjust the number up or down accordingly. a. Press and hold; Left & Right arrow keys simultaneously until ‘Auto Trim’ or ‘EL Trim’ is displayed. b. Press ‘enter’ key until “POL OFFSET’ appears c. Enter POL difference value +/- the value currently displayed Go to the auto-pol setting and enter 72 back into the system d. Press ‘Up’ arrow once until ‘POL TYPE’ appears and enter ‘72’, The POL value should now read the new POL value that was recorded during the test After the cross pol test is performed a compression test will be needed.

Compression Test Step 5- Laptop netmodem telnet session To perform Compression test all needed applications are already open. Follow the instructions from the NOC and adjust the TX power accordingly in telnet session. After the test is performed the NOC will have the user disable the TX and bring the system back into the network With the use of the telnet session the following commands will normalize the system a. tx cw off , this will disable carrier b. rx enable on . This will enable green RX lock Never enter ‘RX enable on’ before the TX CW is turned off. The modem will acquire the network and the NOC will PUSH a new options file with the new settings achieved with the tests that were just preformed, once the options file is PUSHED the modem will reset.

Allow the modem to acquire the network again and then:

36





Step 6- DAC Turn tracking back on if the tracking was disabled. a. At DAC, press “Tracking” key, which will toggle tracking ‘on’ If the system type was changed, change the system type back to the original settings. b. Press & hold; Left & right arrows simultaneously until Auto Trim / EL Trim appears. c. Press key until ‘SYSTEM TYPE’ appears d. Enter in original ‘SYSTEM TYPE’; default is 134 C-band & 134 for newer Ku-band (198 for older Ku-band antennas (+64 for LNB voltage)), The next test that will be needed is to properly set the threshold of the system. Threshold Test Step 7- DAC Let the system peak onto the signal and achieve the highest AGC level. The NOC will then ask the user to disable tracking and move the system up in elevation very slowly. The user will need to watch the AGC setting and note the value when the system loses the network. a. Press ‘Tracking’ key to turn tracking ‘off’ b. Press the ‘Up’ arrow moving the antenna elevation up c.

Record AGC value when netmodem loses network. AGC value_________

The value of the AGC when the modem loses the network will be the new threshold value. Enter the new value into the threshold setting. d. Press ‘next until the ‘SAT’ menu displays e. Press key until ‘THRS xxxx’ appears alone f.

Enter in new threshold, and press

Turn the tracking back on. g. Press ‘Tracking” key, toggling tracking ‘on’ Unless the NOC needs to perform any other tests the satellite cutover is now complete. 37





Setting Azimuth & Elevation TrimsUsing a DAC-2200/2202 Before beginning it is necessary to know some Information pertaining to the desired satellite. Position of the desired satellite_________________________________ Example: 325E, 64E, 40W Step: 1. Record calculated AZ and EL values from ‘Targeting a Satellite’ a.

AZ value ___________ EL ___________

2. Record on-sat AZ and EL values from ‘Targeting a Satellite’ a. AZ value ___________ EL ___________ 3. Find the difference between on-sat AZ value and calculated AZ value a. AZ Trim____________ ex. Calculated AZ 100.0, On-sat AZ 96.5 (100.0 – 96.5) *10= AZ Trim of 0035 4. Find the difference between on-sat EL value and calculated EL value a. EL Trim____________ ex. Calculated EL 55.0, On-sat EL 57.3 (55.0 – 57.3) *10= EL Trim of -0023 5. On DAC go to “SET UP” parameters and enter in new EL & AZ TRIM a. Simultaneously press the “left” and “right” arrow keys until “EL TRIM xxxx” appears b. Record existing EL TRIM i. EL Trim ____________ c. Press key until “AZ TRIM xxxx” appears d. Record existing AZ TRIM i. AZ Trim ____________ 6. AZ Trim value _______________ + __________________ = ________________ (Value from 5di)

(Value from 3a)

(new AZ TRIM value)

7. EL Trim value _______________ + __________________ = ________________ (Value from 5bi) 38

(Value from 4a)


(new EL TRIM value) 16 November 2010 Legacy rev. 1.1



8. Once new AZ/ EL TRIM values have been calculated a. Go back to EL TRIM value by pressing the “Up” arrow key b. Press the “left” or “right” arrow keys to select appropriate digits. c. Use the “up” and “down” arrow keys to change value to new EL TRIM value and press. d. Press “Enter” and go to AZ TRIM value and follow the same procedure for new value as above. Verify new trim values: 9. Turn tracking off by toggling the “Tracking” key. 10. Press the “NEXT” key until the “ANTENNA” menu is displayed. 11. Drive antenna off satellite by changing azimuth & elevation, and verify that antenna consistently targets desired satellite within .5 degrees. Refer to ‘Targeting a Satellite’ if needed. If antenna immediately finds satellite go to step 12, if not go to step 13. 12. To save new trim values a. Simultaneously bumping the “left” and “right” arrow keys “SAVE NEW PARAMETERS” should appear. b. Press the “left” or “right” arrow key and then . “PARAMETERS SAVED” will appear in the window if information was correctly saved. 13. If antenna for whatever reason does not target to calculated AZ and EL re-accomplish this procedure. 14. If satellite cannot be found at all, refer to the ‘Targeting Satellite’ section of this manual.

End of Page

39





Up & Downloading of Options FileUsing iSite- iSite is the local GUI used to access the iDirect Netmodem to view & monitor parameters and can be used to diagnose some netmodem problems. iSite also allows you to up and download options file if needed. Note that when up and downloading options file that the netmodem refers to saving the options file onto the laptop as ‘uploading’ and sending the netmodem an options file from the laptop as ‘downloading’. iSite should only be accessed by authorized personnel or under the direction from an MTN representative. •

Before loading a new Options file to the netmodem, the current options file should be saved.

•

To ‘save (upload) options file to disk’: 1. From the Component Tree menu, right click on REMOTE; Select “Upload” option to Disk 2. Alternatively, Select “Option File” from the iSite Menu bar; Select “Upload to Disk” 3. A previously created Options Folder from the desktop will open or you can select a drive or location where the options file is located and save to disk 4. It is recommended that prior to servicing ANY remote the service tech save the current configuration for possible use later if difficulties occur and the unit needs to return to the previous configuration)

40





To send (download) and options file to the netmodem:

1. From the Component Tree menu, right click on REMOTE; Select “Download” option from Disk 2. Alternatively, Select “Option File” from the iSite Menu bar; Select “Download from Disk” 3. A previously created Options Folder from the desktop will open or you can select a drive where the options disk is located 4. Select the correct Options file from the list (Note, loading the wrong options file locally or remotely can lock up the unit to the point where it is inaccessible) 5. A prompt will ask “Are You Sure … etc) 6. Select “Yes” 7. Another window will open and state that the Options file was successfully downloaded

End of Page

41





Above Decks Equipment (ADE) Components Identification & Functions- 2.4m & 1~1.5m Antennas •

Pedestal Control Unit (PCU) - PCU provides antenna control and voltage feedback for stabilization. The PCU also provides communications to the ACU and distributes voltage to the sensors and the motors. PCU will be labeled as “PCU”.

•

GPS- GPS antenna provides the system with Latitude and Longitude for antenna targeting.

•

Level Cage- Houses four sensors for stabilization. Five sensors for the new xx09 antenna systems. (two separate tilt sensors) Level Cage will be labeled as “Level cage”.

•

Level Cage Motor- Provides the position of the elevation for elevation look angle. Level Cage Motor will be labeled as “Level cage Motor”.

•

Axes Motors- All Sea-Tel antennas are 3 axes antennas. This means that the antenna moves in Cross-level, Elevation, & Azimuth axes. All axes are controlled by an axes motor for those respective axes. –

The Cross level motor provides stabilization across the cross beam.

–

The Elevation axis motor provides stabilization in elevation axis without changing the elevation look angle.

–

The Azimuth axis motor provides the yaw adjustment for stabilization and compensation for ship’s heading change.

•

Servo Amplifiers- Supply the voltage and current to the motors. The amplifiers also control the direction of the motors to compensate for vessel movement. Integrated into the PCU on all 1~1.5m & 97xx antennas. Servo Amplifiers will be labeled as “Servo Amplifiers”.

•

Home Flag Switch- Provides the initial reference for the Azimuth encoder during initialization.

•

Azimuth Encoder- Provides the relative position of the antenna, which is used in the calculation of the satellite’s azimuth position.

•

Circuit Breaker- Provides ship’s AC voltage to the antenna system. Usually 220vac.

•

Power Ring- Consists of two sets of sealed ball bearings. The inner side of the bearing race is where the AC power is applied from the circuit breaker. The outer race of the bearings is where the AC is picked off and sent to the antenna power supply. This allows for continuous azimuth rotation.

•

Rotary Joint- Is a two channel coax joint with an outer race and an inner race that the IF signal passes through, allowing for continuous azimuth rotation while passing IF signals.

•

LNB- Resides on the Receive path and converts C-band or Ku-band signals to L-band. 42





•

Feed Assembly- Is where the Transmit and Receive signals are focused, and sent to the satellite (TX) or to the LNB (RX).

•

Pol Motor- Moves the Linear feed assembly to compensate for change in satellite angle.

•

Pol Potentiometer- Provides feed assembly position to the DAC via the Polang Relay Assembly.

•

Block Up-Converter (BUC)- Resides on the Transmit path and converts L-band signals to C-band or Ku-band.

•

Antenna Power Supply- receives AC voltage via the power ring, and converts it to 24vdc for the PCU. Power Supply will be labeled as “Power Supply”.

•

Waveguide- Resides on the Transmit path and is the medium in which the transmit signal is sent from the BUC to the Feed Assembly. Can be ‘Rigid’ or ‘Flexible’.

•

ADE RF Modems- Allow for communications between below decks DAC and above decks PCU, and also allows for below decks laptop and BUC communications (if applicable). Typically 2 sets below decks and 2 above decks, and runs over the RX cabling. RF Modems will be labeled as “RF Modem”.

•

Polang Relay Assembly- Provides drive to the Polang motor to move the feed assembly and provides polang potentiometer feedback to the DAC below decks. Polang Relay Assembly will be labeled as “Polang Relay Assembly”. 2.4m

Waveguide

Elevation Motor

Level Cage

BUC GPS PCU

Circuit Breaker 43





2.4m RF Modems

AC Power Supply

CL Motor Servo Amp

2.4m

Level Cage Motor

Integrated Azimuth Motor/ Encoder

44





2.4m Flexible Waveguide

Feed Assembly

LNB

Pol Motor

Pol Pot.

2.4m

Rotary Joint

Power Ring

Some Components may be located in a different location on other 2.4m models.

45





1~1.5m

BUC Power Supply Pol Aux Relay Assy.

Antenna Power Supply PCU RF Modems

1~1.5m

LNB

Level Cage Motor

Level Cage

GPS antenna Circuit Breaker

46





1~1.5m

1~1.5m

BUC

EL Motor

47

CL Motor





1~1.5m

Pol Pot LNB RX cable to RF Modem TX cable from BUC

Pol Motor

Feed Assembly Some Components may be located in a different location on other 1m & 1.5m antenna models.

Antenna Initialization & 3 Axes Movement•

All Sea-Tel antennas move in 3 axes; Elevation/ Cross-Level/ Azimuth –

Elevation is the Up & Down movement of the equipment frame where the reflector is attached too.

–

Cross-Level is the side to side movement of the equipment frame where the reflector is attached too.

–

Azimuth is the left to right movement of the antenna as the ship makes heading adjustments.

•

Initialization- Is a sequence of startup steps that the antenna performs. The steps in the initialization process are key to defining the sensor positions for operation. Some sensors on the antenna are not direct feedback and need to have a starting position defined.

•

Step 1 –

Level cage will turn CCW 90 degrees (depending on the view (angle) to the level cage) and hit the level cage stop. The level cage will then turn opposite 45 degrees. •

48

This operation is performed as the level cage motor will define the elevation look angle. The motor does not have positive feedback and Maritime Telecommunications Network Training Manual




needs to have a predetermined starting position. The reason for the back and forth motion is related to the mechanical stop positions for the level cage, the system compensates by rotating the motor 90 steps CCW to the stop (the reference point) and then moves back 45degrees. The motor will pol slip against the stop until it has counted 90 steps; this is the reason for the clicking. This will define the elevation starting position when the antenna comes out of initialization. The elevation look angle will be 45 degrees +/- the elevation trim. •

Step 2 –

EL motor will activate and bring the level cage level. •

When the level cage has stopped the elevation axis will drive the level cage to level in the elevation axis. The system will use the tilt trim to define were level is. (The reflector will be positioned at 45 degrees.)

•

Step 3 –

CL motor will activate and bring the cross level beam to a level position. •

•

Step 4 –

AZ motor will activate and turn the antenna CW until it trips the home flag. •

49

When the elevation axis has found its position the cross level axis is initiated and the antenna will move to find the tilt trim on the cross level axis. The level cage will be level across the top. The cross level beam will be perpendicular to the AZ post.

After the cross level has finished the Azimuth will start to rotate Clock wise. On all systems, the azimuth will rotate clock wise. The antenna will keep turning until it trips the home flag. The home flag is a sensor either mechanical or electronic (depending on the system) the home flag will define the starting position for the azimuth. The Azimuth does not have direct feedback and needs to obtain a starting position. When the antenna finalizes the initialization process, the relative position will start at 0, unless a Home Flag Offset is configured in the PCU.





Tx/ RX Signal Flow-

50



Sea-Tel Onboard Personnel Training DAC-2202 Legacy Rev1.1

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