Rulers of Germany

I. Mladjov, Page 1/180

GERMANY (DEUTSCHLAND) AND HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE (HEILIGES RÖMISCHES REICH)

The kingdom of the East Franks (eventually identified as an Alamannian, Teutonic, or German monarchy) formed at the Treaty of Verdun Verdun and its division division of the Frankish Empire Empire in 843. On the extinction of the Carolingian House in 911, the throne passed by election to the Houses of the Conradines of Franconia and the Liudolfings of Saxony. Saxony. In 962 king Otto I was crowned crowned emperor by the pope, and the German kingdom kingdom entered a personal union with the Italian kingdom into what eventually came to be known as the Holy Roman Empire. The kingdom of Burgundy Burgundy (Arelate) was added to this personal personal union in 1032. In legal terms the arrangement arrangement was to last until the formal dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, although by then imperial rule had all but disappeared from any part of Burgundy and Italy and the feudal principalities of Germany had become largely autonomous. autonomous. Emperor Napoléon I of the French established established the puppet Confederation Confederation of the Rhine (1806–1814) to dominate most of the German states after the last emperor Franz II had abdicated and contented himself with his Austrian Austrian and central European European possessions. The Confederation of the Rhine Rhine was succeeded by the German Confederation (1815–1866), set up by the Congress of Berlin, and generally under the presidency of the Austrian emperor. At the end of this period Austria’s dominant position was was terminated by Prussia, and the Austrian possessions possessions were definitively definitively separated from the German states. After dominating the North German Confederation (1867–1871), Prussia became the cornerstone of a single, albeit federal state in 1871, when most of the sovereign states that had formed out of the Holy Roman Empire joined together in the German Empire. By far the strongest and largest of its component component states was the kingdom of Prussia, Prussia, whose kings served as German emperors until the deposition of all German monarchs at the end of World War I in 1918, when Germany became a republic. The royal and imperial succession in the Holy Roman Empire was perceived as at least partly subject to election (corresponding to both Roman and Frankish notions notions of charismatic monarchy). Even when a designated and unchallenged successor was available, imperial status technically had to be conferred by the pope, although the second and third emperors were actually actually first appointed by their respective respective fathers. Therefore, until crowned crowned by the pope, a monarch remained only king of the Franks or, in German medieval terminology, “king of the Romans.” The monarchs were simultaneously kings of Italy (or of the Lombards) and, since 1032, of Burgundy (or of Arles). The imperial title, although theoretically elective, remained firmly attached to the German monarchy; nevertheless, several German kings failed failed to secure an imperial coronation (most notably notably in the period 1250–1308). 1250–1308). Starting with the Investiture Controversy between emperor Heinrich IV (1056–1105) (1056–1105) and Pope Gregorius VII, the de facto hereditary succession was undermined, and the state evolved into a truly elective monarchy in spite of the efforts of the Hohenstaufen dynasty (1138–1254). (1138–1254). This exacerbated the preexisting problems posed by the lack of centralization, and in the long long term fatally weakened the state. state. The right to elect an emperor became vested in group of four secular and three ecclesiastical princes, an arrangement crystallized in the Golden Bull of emperor Karl IV (1346–1378) (1346–1378) from 1356. Elective kings and emperors had to rely on their personal possessions possessions and revenues, and enjoyed the single practical advantage of disposing of fiefs that had become vacant to the advantage of their own families. During the reign of emperor Ludwig IV (1314–1347) (1314–1347) it was decided that the elected king king of Germany may use the imperial title even if the pope refused to crown him emperor. This decision was put into practice in 1508, 1508, when Maximilian Maximilian I (1493–1519) (1493–1519) assumed the imperial title at Trent Trent and decreed that a monarch monarch was emperor from the time of his election. The Habsburg dynasty monopolized the throne from 1438, and from 1486 to 1765 the title “king “king of the Romans” was used for junior co-rulers associated associated with their fathers. The Protestant Reformation and the Treaty of Augsburg (1555) further eroded the monarch’s authority over the German principalities, as it provided local rulers with the freedom of choosing between Catholicism and Lutheranism as the religion of their their subjects. The last vestiges of actual imperial imperial power as such were undermined by the Thirty Years War and the Treaty of Westphalia Westphalia (1648). Franz II took the title emperor of Austria in 1804, 1804, and in 1806 abdicated as Holy Holy Roman emperor and and king of its constituent constituent monarchies. monarchies. A succession of confederacies under mostly Austrian presidency was followed by the Prussian-dominated Prussian-dominated German Empire in 1871. This strong but federated entity survived until 1918. The kings of the East Franks were designated rex Francorum, but by the 11 th century they were called Romanorum rex until crowned emperor emperor by the pope. The neo-Roman neo-Roman emperors were called Imperator and Augustus in Latin and Kaiser in in German. There is some inconsistency inconsistency in the numbering of monarchs monarchs as emperor or king (especially Ludwig IV/V IV/V and Friedrich III/IV, with the lower, imperial, imperial, numbers being preferred). The list below includes East Frankish/German Frankish/German monarchs from the start of the Carolingian Dynasty in 751. This is


followed by the secular states states whose rulers acquired the status of imperial elector ( Kurfürst ) or imperial prince Reichsfürst ) by 1806, membership in the German Confederations or German Empire, or had been a “tribal” ( Reichsfürst duchy of the East Frankish kingdom (Bavaria, Franconia, Lorraine, Saxony, Swabia), and a selection of other principalities. The Austrian Empire and its constituents (including the lands of the Bohemian crown), Burgundy, Italy, Liechtenstein, the modern countries of Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands are listed separately, and Silesia is listed under Poland. Use of non-German name name forms reflects linguistic frontiers. East Frankish/German (Roman) kings (and emperors of the Holy Roman Empire) Carolingian House 751–768 Pippin, the Short … … son of Karl Martel, maior domus of the Franks 768–814 Karl I, the Great (Charlemagne) 1… son of Pippin; Italy 774–781; emperor 800 & 768–771 Karlmann I … son of Pippin + Karl, the Younger … … son of Karl I; associated 800–811 814–833 Ludwig I, the Pious … son of Karl I; Aquitaine 781–817; Italy 818–820; emperor 813; deposed + Karl II, the Bald … … son of Ludwig I; associated in Swabia 829–833; Aquitaine Aquitaine 832–834 and 838–845; France 843–877; Italy 875–877; emperor 875 833–834 Lothar I … son of Ludwig Ludwig I; emperor 817; Italy 820–839; deposed 834–840 Ludwig I, the Pious … restored 840–843 Lothar I … restored; deposed; Middle Francia 843–855 843–876 Ludwig II, the German … son of Ludwig I; associated in Bavaria 817 876–880 Karlmann II … son of Ludwig Ludwig II; in Bavaria; Italy 877–879 & 876–882 876–882 Ludwig III … son of of Ludwig Ludwig II; in Saxony; Saxony; also also Bavaria Bavaria 880–882 & 876–887 Karl III, the Fat … … son of Ludwig II; in Swabia; Italy 879–887; Saxony and Bavaria 882–887; France 884–887; emperor 881; deposed, died 888 887–899 Arnulf, of Carinthia … bastard son of Karlmann II; Italy 896; emperor 896 899–911 Ludwig IV, the Child … … son of Arnulf Conradine House of Franconia 911–918 Konrad I … son of count Konrad I of of Franconia Liudolfing House of Saxony 919–936 Heinrich I, the Fowler … … son of duke Otto I of Saxony 936–973 Otto I, the Great … … son of Heinrich I; Italy 963–973; emperor 962 973–983 Otto II, the Red … … son of Otto I; associated 961; also Italy; emperor 967 983–1002 Otto III … son of Otto Otto II; associated 983; also Italy; Italy; emperor emperor 996 2 1002–1024 1002–1024 Heinrich II, the Holy … son of duke Heinrich II of Bavaria, son of Heinrich I, son of Heinrich I; also Italy; emperor 1014 Salian House of Franconia 1024–1039 1024–1039 Konrad II … son of count Heinrich Heinrich of Speyer, son of duke Otto I of Carinthia, Carinthia, son of duke Konrad of Lorraine by Liutgard, daughter of Otto I; also Italy; Burgundy 1032–1039; 1032–1039; 3 emperor 1027 1039–1056 1039–1056 Heinrich III, the Black … son of Konrad II; associated 1028; emperor 1046 1056–1105 1056–1105 Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich Heinrich III; associated 1053; emperor 1083; 1083; deposed, deposed, died 1106 – Rudolf of Swabia … son of count Kuno of Rheinfelden; rival 1077–1080 – Hermann of Salm … son of count Giselbert of Luxembourg; rival 1081–1088 4 + Konrad … son of Heinrich IV; associated 1087–1093; deposed; rival 1093–1101 1 Canonized as saint 1165. 2 Canonized as saint 1146. 3 From this point on, 4 Egbert of Meissen,

all kings of Germany were also simultaneously kings of Italy and of Burgundy. son of margrave Egbert I of Meissen, was possibly chosen as a rival king in 1089–1090.


1105–1125 1105–1125 Heinrich V … son of Heinrich IV; associated associated 1099; 1099; emperor emperor 1111 House of Supplinburg 1125–1137 1125–1137 Lothar II … posthumous posthumous son son of count Gebhard Gebhard of Supplinburg; emperor 1133 Hohenstaufen House of Swabia 1138–1152 1138–1152 Konrad III … son of duke Friedrich I of Swabia Swabia by Agnes, Agnes, daughter of of Heinrich IV; rival 1127–1135 + Heinrich … son of Konrad III; associated 1147–1150 1152–1190 1152–1190 Friedrich I, Barbarossa … son of duke Friedrich II of Swabia, brother of Konrad III; emperor 1155 1190–1197 1190–1197 Heinrich VI … son of Friedrich I; associated associated 1169; 1169; emperor 1191; Sicily 1194–1197 1194–1197 1197–1198 1197–1198 Friedrich II … son of Heinrich Heinrich VI; associated 1196; replaced; Sicily Sicily 1197–1250 1197–1250 1198–1208 Philipp, of Swabia … son of Friedrich I Welf House of Brunswick 1208–1215 1208–1215 Otto IV … son of duke Heinrich III of Saxony, son son of duke Heinrich Heinrich II by Gertrud, daughter of Lothar II; II ; rival since 1198; deposed, rival 1215–1218; emperor 1209 Hohenstaufen House of Swabia 1215–1250 1215–1250 Friedrich II … restored; restored; rival since 1211; 1211; emperor 1220; 1220; Jerusalem Jerusalem 1225–1228 1225–1228 + Heinrich … son of Friedrich II; associated 1220–1235; deposed, died 1242 – Heinrich Raspe … son of landgrave Hermann I of Thuringia; rival king 1246–1247 1246–1247 1250–1254 1250–1254 Konrad IV … son of Friedrich II; associated 1237; also Sicily; Jerusalem 1228–1254 1228–1254 House of Holland 1254–1256 1254–1256 Wilhelm … son of count Floris IV of Holland; Holland; rival rival since since 1247 1247 Angevin House of England 1257–1272 1257–1272 Richard of Cornwall Cornwall … son son of of king king John John of England – Alfons, the Wise … son of king Fernando III of Castile by Elisabeth, daughter of Philipp; rival 5 1257–1275; resigned; Castile 1252–1284 House of Habsburg 1273–1291 1273–1291 Rudolf I … son son of count Albrecht IV of Habsburg 6 House of Nassau 1292–1298 1292–1298 Adolf … son of of count Walram II of Nassau; deposed, died 1298 1298 Habsburg House of Austria 1298–1308 1298–1308 Albrecht I … son of Rudolf I House of Luxembourg 1308–1313 1308–1313 Heinrich VII … son of of count count Heinrich Heinrich VI of Luxembourg; Luxembourg; emperor 1312 1312 Wittelsbach House of Bavaria 1314–1347 Ludwig IV [V 7], the Bavarian … son of duke Ludwig II of Upper Bavaria by Mathilde, daughter of Rudolf I; emperor 1328 & 1325–1330 1325–1330 Friedrich III, the Handsome … son of Albrecht I; rival 1314–1322 Luxembourg House of Bohemia 1347–1378 1347–1378 Karl IV 8 … son of king Jan of Bohemia, son of Heinrich VII; rival since 1346; Bohemia 1346–1378; emperor 1355 – Günther … son of count Heinrich VII of Schwarzburg; rival 1349; abdicated, died 1349 1378–1400 1378–1400 Wenzel … son of of Karl IV; associated associated 1376; 1376; deposed; deposed; Bohemia Bohemia 1378–1419 1378–1419 9 5 Both Richard and Alfons

received, at different times, a 4:3 majority of the electoral votes, but only Richard went to Germany. Germany. 6 Konrad of Teck, son of duke Adalbert II of Teck, was possibly chosen king after the death of Rudolf I in 1292, but was murdered within days. 7 Ludwig IV as emperor, Ludwig V as king. 8 Originally named Wenzel (Václav). 9 Friedrich of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Brunswick-Lüneburg, son of duke Magnus II of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was possibly chosen rival king in 1400, but was murdered shortly thereafter.


Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate 1400–1410 Ruprecht, Clem … son of elector Ruprecht II of the Palatinate, son of count palatine Adolf, son of count palatine Rudolf I, brother of Ludwig IV Luxembourg House of Bohemia 1410–1437 Sigismund … son of Karl IV; Hungary 1387–1437; Bohemia 1419–1437; emperor 1433 – Jobst … son of margrave Jan Jindřich of Moravia, brother of Karl IV; rival 1410–1411 1410–1411 Habsburg House of Austria 1438–1439 1438–1439 Albrecht II … son of duke Albrecht IV of Austria, Austria, son of duke Albrecht III, son of duke Albrecht II, son of Albrecht I; husband of Elisabeth, daughter of Sigismund; Bohemia and Hungary 1438–1439 1440–1493 1440–1493 Friedrich III [IV 10] … son of duke Ernst I of Styria, son of duke Leopold III, son of duke Albrecht II of Austria, son of Albrecht I; emperor 1452 1493–1519 1493–1519 Maximilian I … son of Friedrich III; associated associated 1486; 1486; emperor 1508 11 1519–1556 1519–1556 Karl V … son of king king Felipe I of Castile, Castile, son of of Maximilian Maximilian I; Aragón, Aragón, Castile, Sicily 1516–1556; 1516–1556; Naples 1516–1554; abdicated, died 1558 12 1556–1564 1556–1564 Ferdinand I … brother of of Karl V; associated associated 1531; 1531; Bohemia Bohemia and Hungary 1526–1564 1526–1564 1564–1576 1564–1576 Maximilian II … son son of Ferdinand I; associated associated 1562; 1562; also Bohemia and Hungary Hungary 1576–1612 1576–1612 Rudolf II … son of Maximilian Maximilian II; associated 1575; also also Bohemia Bohemia and and Hungary 1612–1619 1612–1619 Matthias … son of Maximilian Maximilian II; also also Bohemia Bohemia and Hungary 1619–1637 1619–1637 Ferdinand II II … son of archduke Karl Karl II of Inner Austria, son son of Ferdinand I; also Bohemia Bohemia and Hungary 1637–1657 1637–1657 Ferdinand III … son of Ferdinand Ferdinand II; associated 1636; also Bohemia Bohemia and and Hungary + Ferdinand IV … son of Ferdinand III; associated 1653–1654 1658–1705 1658–1705 Leopold I … son of Ferdinand Ferdinand III; also also Bohemia Bohemia and Hungary 1705–1711 1705–1711 Joseph I … son of Leopold I; associated 1690; also Bohemia Bohemia and and Hungary Hungary 1711–1740 1711–1740 Karl VI … son of Leopold Leopold I; also also Bohemia Bohemia and Hungary; Naples 1713–173 1713–1734; 4; Sardinia 1713–1720; Sicily 1720–1734 1740–1742 (interregnum) Wittelsbach House of Bavaria 1742–1745 1742–1745 Karl VII … son of elector Maximilian II of Bavaria, son of elector Ferdinand Ferdinand Maria, son of elector Maximilian I, son of duke Wilhelm V, son of duke Albrecht V, son of duke Wilhelm IV, son son of duke Albrecht IV, son of duke Albrecht III, son of duke Ernst, son of duke Johann II, son of duke Stephan II, son of Ludwig IV; husband of Maria Amalie, daughter of Joseph I Habsburg-Lorraine House of Austria 1745–1765 1745–1765 Franz I … son of duke Léopold of Lorraine; Lorraine; husband of Maria Theresia, daughter daughter of Karl VI 1765–1790 1765–1790 Joseph II … son of Franz I; associated 1764; Bohemia Bohemia and Hungary Hungary 1780–1790 1780–1790 1790–1792 1790–1792 Leopold II … son of Franz Franz I; also Bohemia and Hungary 1792–1806 1792–1806 Franz II … son of Leopold Leopold I; abdicated; abdicated; Bohemia Bohemia and Hungary 1792–1834; 1792–1834; Austria 1804–1835 1804–1835 (dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire 1806)

10 Friedrich

III as emperor, Friedrich IV as king. coronation by the pope was no longer deemed necessary to claim imperial status. 12 The last Holy Roman emperor crowned by the pope, in 1530; although Karl V abdicated in 1556, he was recognized as emperor until shortly before his death in 1558. 11 From this point on,


GERMAN CONFEDERATIONS

1806–1814 1806–1814

Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine (Rheinbund) Napoléon (I of France) … son of Carlo Buonaparte; emperor of of the French; died 1821 (dissolution of the Confederation of the Rhine 1814)

1815–1835 1815–1835 1835–1848 1835–1848 1849–1850 1849–1850 1850–1866 1850–1866

Presidents of the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund) Franz (I of Austria) … former emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 1792–1806 1792–1806 Ferdinand (I of Austria) … son son of of Franz; Franz; abdicated, abdicated, died died 1875 1875 Friedrich Wilhelm (IV of Prussia) … son of king Friedrich Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia; died died 1861 1861 Franz Joseph Joseph (I of Austria) … son of Franz Karl, son of Franz; died 1916 1916 (dissolution of the German Confederation 1866)

1867–1871 1867–1871

President of the North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund) Wilhelm (I of Prussia) … brother of Friedrich Friedrich Wilhelm; Wilhelm; German German emperor 1871–1888 1871–1888 (conversion into German Empire 1871) GERMAN EMPIRE (DEUTSCHES REICH)

German emperors Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg-Prussia 1871–1888 1871–1888 Wilhelm I … president of the North German German Confederation Confederation 1867–1871 1867–1871;; Prussia 1861–1888 1861–1888 1888 Friedrich III 13 … son of Wilhelm I; also Prussia; 99 days 1888–1918 1888–1918 Wilhelm II … son of of Friedrich III; also Prussia; deposed, died 1941 (republic 1918) ANHALT

The county of Anhalt in Upper Saxony belonged to the Ascanian House, which came to rule ducal Saxony from 1180. On the death of duke Bernhard of Saxony in 1212, 1212, his younger son Heinrich I inherited Anhalt Anhalt with the title of prince (Fürst). On the extinction of the Ascanian line of Saxe-Lauenburg Saxe-Lauenburg in 1689, the princes princes of Anhalt claimed the title of duke of Saxony. The dynasty divided itself into several branches, branches, which attained the ducal title in 1806–1807. 1806–1807. With the extinction of the lines of Anhalt-Köthen Anhalt-Köthen in 1847 and of Anhalt-Bernburg Anhalt-Bernburg in 1863, the line of Anhalt-Dessau reunited the entire duchy and joined the German Empire in 1871. Counts and princes of Anhalt Ascanian House of Anhalt 1212–1252 1212–1252 Heinrich I … son of duke Bernhard III of Saxony; Saxony; prince of Anhalt 1218 (division into lines of Ascherleben, Bernburg, and Köthen 1252)

1252–1266 1266–1304 1266–1304 & 1266–1307 1266–1307 1304–1315 1304–1315

Princes of Anhalt in Ascherleben Heinrich II, the Fat … … son of prince Heinrich I of Anhalt Otto I … son of Heinrich II Heinrich III … son of of Heinrich Heinrich II; archbishop of Magdeburg Magdeburg 1305 1305 Otto II … son of Otto I (to Anhalt-Bernburg and the Bishopric of Halberstadt 1315; to Brandenburg 1648)

13 The numbering includes kings Friedrich I

and Friedrich II of Prussia.


1252–1287 1252–1287 1287–1324 1287–1324 1324–1348 1324–1348 1348–1354 1348–1354 & 1348–1377 1348–1377 & 1348–1404 1348–1404 1377–1410 1377–1410 & 1377–1405 1377–1405 1404–1416 1404–1416 & 1404–1468 1404–1468 1468–1497 1468–1497 1497–1603 1497–1603 1603–1630 1603–1630 1630–1656 1630–1656 1656–1718 1656–1718 1718–1721 1718–1721 1721–1765 1721–1765 1765–1796 1765–1796 1796–1834 1796–1834 1834–1863 1834–1863

Princes and dukes of Anhalt in Bernburg Bernhard I … son of prince Heinrich I of Anhalt Bernhard II … son of Bernhard I Bernhard III … son of Bernhard II Bernhard IV … son of Bernhard III Heinrich IV … son of Bernhard III Otto III … son of Bernhard III Bernhard V … son of Heinrich IV Rudolf II … son of Heinrich Heinrich IV; bishop of Halberstadt Halberstadt 1400 Otto IV … son of Otto III Bernhard VI … son of Otto III Hedwig … widow widow of Bernhard VI; daughter daughter of duke Jan Jan I of Silesia-Sagan Silesia-Sagan (to Anhalt-Zerbst) Christian I … son of prince prince Joachim Ernst of Anhalt-Zerbst; in Zerbst 1586–1603 1586–1603 Christian II … son of Christian I Viktor Amadeus … son of Christian II Karl Friedrich … son of Viktor Amadeus Viktor Friedrich … son of Karl Friedrich Friedrich Albrecht … son of Viktor Friedrich Alexius Friedrich Friedrich Christian Christian … son of of Friedrich Albrecht; duke duke of Anhalt-Bernburg 1806 Alexander Karl … son of Alexius Friedrich Christian (to Anhalt-Dessau 1863)

1635–1670 1635–1670 1670–1709 1670–1709

Princes of Anhalt in Harzgerode Friedrich … son son of prince Christian I of of Anhalt-Bernburg Wilhelm Ludwig … son of Friedrich (to Anhalt-Bernburg 1709)

1718–1727 1718–1727 1727–1772 1727–1772 1772–1806 1772–1806 1806–1812 1806–1812 1812

Princes of Anhalt in Hoym Lebrecht … son son of prince Viktor Amadeus of Anhalt-Bernburg Viktor I … son of Lebrecht Karl … son of Viktor I Viktor II … son of Karl Friedrich … son of Viktor I (to Anhalt-Bernburg 1812)

1252–1298 1252–1298 1298–1316 1298–1316 1316–1362 1316–1362 & 1316–1367 1316–1367 1362–1382 1362–1382 & 1362–1365 1362–1365 1367–1371 1367–1371 1382–1396 & 1382–1414 1382–1414

Princes and dukes of Anhalt in Köthen Siegfried I … son of prince prince Heinrich Heinrich I of Anhalt; Anhalt; in Köthen and Dessau Dessau Albrecht I … son of Siegfried Siegfried I; in Köthen, Köthen, Dessau, Dessau, and and (from 1307) Zerbst Albrecht II … son of Albrecht I Waldemar I … son of Albrecht I + Albrecht III … son of Albrecht II; associated 1354–1359 Johann I … son of Albrecht II Rudolf I … son of Albrecht Albrecht II; bishop of Schwerin 1364 Waldemar II … son of Waldemar I Siegmund I … son of Johann I; to Anhalt-Zerbst Anhalt-Ze rbst 1396–1405 Albrecht IV, the Lame … son of Johann I; to Anhalt-Zerbst 1414–1423


& 1382–1392 1382–1392 1414–1416 1414–1416 & 1414–147 1414–14744 & 1414–145 1414–14500 & 1414–1469 1414–1469 1474–1508 1474–1508 & 1474–1516 1474–1516 & 1474–1509 1474–1509 & 1474–1510 1474–1510 1508–1562 1516–1551 1516–1551 & 1516–1553 1516–1553 & 1516–1561 1551–1561 1551–1561 & 1551–1586 1551–1586 & 1551–1570 1551–1570 1586–1603 1586–1603 & 1586–1603 1586–1603 & 1586–1650 1586–1650 & 1586–1603 1586–1603 & 1586–1603 1586–1603 1650–1665 1665–1669 1665–1669 1669–1670 1669–1670 1670–1704 1670–1704 1704–1728 1704–1728 1728–1755 1728–1755 1755–1789 1755–1789 1789–1812 1789–1812 1812–1818 1812–1818 1818–1830 1818–1830 1830–1847 1830–1847

1765–1797 1765–1797 1797–1818 1797–1818 1818–1830 1818–1830 1830–1841 1830–1841

1396–1405 1396–1405 1405–1414 & 1405–1414 1405–1414 & 1405–1414 1405–1414 14 In

Waldemar III … son of Johann I Waldemar IV … son of Siegmund Siegmund I; in Zerbst 1405–141 1405–14144 Georg I … son of Siegmund Siegmund I; in Zerbst Zerbst 1405–141 1405–14144 Siegmund II … son of of Siegmund Siegmund I; in Zerbst 1405–1414 1405–1414 Albrecht V … son son of Siegmund I; in Zerbst 1405–1414 1405–1414 Waldemar VI … son of Georg I Ernst … son of Georg I Georg II, the Strong … … son of Georg I Rudolf III … son of Georg I Wolfgang, the Confessor … … son of Waldemar VI; 14 abdicated, died 1566 Johann II … son of Ernst; Ernst; in in Zerbst Zerbst from from 1544 Georg III, the Blessed … … son of Ernst; in Plötzkau from 1544 Joachim … son of Ernst; in Dessau from 1544 Karl … son of Johann II; in Zerbst Joachim Ernst … son of Johann II; in Zerbst, in Dessau 1561–156 1561–1565; 5; sole ruler 1570 Bernhard VII … son of of Johann Johann II; in Dessau Dessau from 1565 Christian I … son of Joachim Ernst; to Anhalt-Bernburg Anhalt-Bernburg 1603–1630 1603–1630 Johann Georg I … son of Joachim Joachim Ernst; to Anhalt-Dessau 1603–1618 1603–1618 Ludwig I … son of Joachim Ernst August I … son of Joachim Joachim Ernst; Ernst; to Anhalt-Plötzkau Anhalt-Plötzkau 1603–1653 1603–1653 Rudolf IV … son of of Joachim Joachim Ernst; Ernst; to Anhalt-Zerbst 1603–1621 1603–1621 Wilhelm Ludwig … son of Ludwig I Lebrecht … son son of August I; in in Plötzkau 1653–1665 1653–1665 Emanuel … brother of Lebrecht; in Plötzkau 1653–1669 1653–1669 Emanuel Lebrecht … son of Emanuel Leopold … son of Emanuel Lebrecht August Ludwig … son of Emanuel Lebrecht Karl Georg Lebrecht … son of August Ludwig August II … son of Karl Karl Georg Lebrecht; duke of Anhalt-Zerbst Anhalt-Zerbst 1807 Ludwig II … son of Ludwig, Ludwig, son of Karl Karl Georg Georg Lebrecht Lebrecht Ferdinand … son of Friedrich Friedrich Erdmann Erdmann of Köthen-Pless, son of of August Ludwig Heinrich … brother of Ferdinand (to Anhalt-Dessau 1847) Princes of Anhalt in Pless Friedrich Erdmann Erdmann … son of prince prince Karl Karl Georg Georg Lebrecht Lebrecht of Anhalt-Köthen Ferdinand … son son of of Friedrich Friedrich Erdmann; Erdmann; to Anhalt-Köthen 1818–1830 1818–1830 Heinrich … son of Friedrich Friedrich Erdmann; Erdmann; to Anhalt-Köthen 1830–1847 1830–1847 Ludwig … son of Friedrich Erdmann (to Anhalt-Köthen 1841) Princes of Anhalt in Zerbst Siegmund I … son of prince Johann I of Anhalt-Köthen; in Köthen Köthen 1382–1396 1382–1396 Waldemar IV … son of Siegmund I; to Anhalt-Köthen Anhalt-Köt hen 1414–1416 Georg I … son of Siegmund Siegmund I; to Anhalt-Köthen 1414–1474 1414–1474 Siegmund II … son of Siegmund Siegmund I; to Anhalt-Köthen Anhalt-Köthen 1414–1450 1414–1450

exile 1547–1552.


& 1405–1414 1405–1414 1414–1423 1414–1423 1423–1436 1423–1436 & 1423–1473 1423–1473 & 1423–1475 1423–1475 1473–1508 1473–1508 & 1473–1508 1473–1508 1475–1500 1475–1500 1508–1562 1562–1603 1562–1603 1603–1621 1603–1621 1621–1667 1621–1667 1667–1718 1667–1718 1718–1742 1718–1742

1667–1704 1667–1704 1704–1746 & 1704–1709 1704–1709 & 1704–1747 1704–1747 1747–1793 1747–1793

1603–1618 1603–1618 1618–1660 1618–1660 & 1618–1632 1618–1632 1660–1693 1660–1693 1693–1747 1693–1747 1747–1751 1747–1751 1751–1817 1751–1817 1817–1863 1817–1863

Albrecht V … son of Siegmund Siegmund I; to Anhalt-Köthen Anhalt-Köthen 1414–1469 1414–1469 Albrecht IV, the Lame … brother of Siegmund I; in Köthen 1382–1414 Waldemar V … son of Albrecht IV Adolf I … son of Albrecht IV Albrecht VI … son of Albrecht IV Magnus … son of Adolf I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1524 Adolf II … son of Adolf Adolf I; abdicated; bishop of of Merseburg 1514–1526 1514–1526 Philipp … son of Albrecht VI Wolfgang, the Confessor … … son of prince Waldemar VI of Anhalt-Köthen; abdicated, died 1566 (to Anhalt-Köthen) Rudolf IV … son of prince Joachim Ernst Ernst of Anhalt-Köthen; Anhalt-Köthen; in Köthen 1586–1603 1586–1603 Johann III … son of Rudolf IV Karl Wilhelm … son of Johann III Anton Günther … son of Johann III; to Mühlingen 1667–1714 Johann August … son of Karl Wilhelm (to Anhalt-Dornburg 1742) Princes of Anhalt in Dornburg, then Zerbst Johann Ludwig I … son of prince prince Johann Johann III of Anhalt-Zerbst Johann Ludwig II … son of Johann Ludwig I; Zerbst 1742 Johann August … son of Johann Ludwig I Christian August … son of Johann Ludwig I; Zerbst Zerbst 1742 1742 Friedrich August … son of Christian August (divided between Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Dessau 1793) Princes and dukes of Anhalt in Dessau Johann Georg I … son of prince prince Joachim Ernst of Anhalt-Köthen; in Köthen 1586–1603 1586–1603 Johann Kasimir … son of Johann Georg I Georg Aribert … son of Johann Johann Georg I; to Anhalt-Wörlitz Anhalt-Wörlitz 1632–1643 1632–1643 Johann Georg II … son of Johann Kasimir Leopold I … son of Johann Georg II Leopold II … son of Leopold I Leopold III … son of Leopold II; duke of Anhalt-Dessau Anhalt-Dessau 1807 Leopold IV … son of Friedrich, Friedrich, son of Leopold Leopold III; duke duke of Anhalt 1863–1871 1863–1871

1863–1871 1863–1871 1871–1904 1871–1904 1904–1918 1904–1918 1918 1918

Dukes of Anhalt Leopold I … former duke of Anhalt-Dessau 1817–1863 1817–1863 Friedrich I … son of Leopold I Friedrich II … son of Friedrich I Eduard … son of Friedrich I Joachim Ernst … son of Eduard; deposed, died 1947 (to Germany 1918)

1632–1643 1632–1643 1643–1677 1643–1677

Princes of Anhalt in Wörlitz Georg Aribert … son of prince Johann Georg I of Anhalt-Dessau Christian Aribert … son of Georg Aribert (to Anhalt-Dessau 1677)


1603–1653 1603–1653 1653–1654 1653–1654 & 1653–1665 1653–1665 & 1653–166 1653–16699

Princes of Anhalt in Plötzkau August … son of of prince Joachim Ernst of of Anhalt-Köthen; Anhalt-Köthen; in Köthen Köthen 1586–1603 1586–1603 Ernst Gottlieb … son of August Lebrecht … son son of August; to Anhalt-Köthen 1665–1669 1665–1669 Emanuel … son of August; to Anhalt-Köthen Anhalt-Köthen 1669–1670 1669–1670 (to Anhalt-Bernburg 1669) ARENBERG

The lordship of Arenberg, located west of Koblenz in Lower Lorraine, passed by marriage to the House of MarkAltena in 1299. 1299. It was subsequently ruled for for three centuries by a branch of of that family, until passing passing by marriage to the House of Ligne. The lords of Arenberg were now promoted to counts counts (1549), princes (1576), (1576), and dukes (1644). Prince Karl had inherited the duchy Aerschot and principality principality Chimay as husband of Anne, daughter of duke Philippe III. By the Treaty of Luneville in 1801, 1801, the duke of Arenberg lost his old duchy west of the Rhine, but was compensated in 1803 with Recklinghausen and Meppen east of the Rhine, carved out of the archbishopric of Cologne and the bishopric of Münster, respectively. This newly constituted duchy of Arenberg entered the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806 1806 as a sovereign principality. principality. In 1810, however, it was mediatized, with Recklinghausen Recklinghausen passing to the grand duchy of Berg and Meppen Meppen to France. The Congress of Vienna gave Recklinghausen to Prussia and Meppen to Hanover in 1815; Meppen passed to Prussia in 1866. Lords, Counts, Princes, and Dukes of Arenberg Berg House of Mark-Altena 1299–1328 1299–1328 Engelbert … husband of of Mechthild, daughter of of Johann of Arenberg; son of count Eberhard Eberhard of Mark 1328–1387 1328–1387 Eberhard I … son of Engelbert 1387–1427 1387–1427 Johann I … son of Eberhard I & 1387–1440 1387–1440 Eberhard II … son of Eberhard I 1440–1470 Johann II, the Boar … … son of Eberhard II 1470–1496 1470–1496 Eberhard III, the Boar … … son of Johann 1496–1531 1496–1531 Eberhard IV … son of Eberhard III 1531–1536 1531–1536 Robert I … son of Eberhard III + Robert II … son of Robert I; associated c .1523–1536 .1523–1536 1536–1544 1536–1544 Robert III … son of Robert II 1544–1568 1544–1568 Margaretha … daughter daughter of Robert III; abdicated, died 1599 & 1547–1568 1547–1568 Johann III of Ligne … married Margaretha; Margaretha; son son of Louis of Barbençon; count 1549 1549 House of Ligne 1568–1616 1568–1616 Karl … son of Johann III and Margaretha; prince prince 1576; 1576; duke of Aerschot 1612 1616–1640 1616–1640 Philipp Karl … son of Karl 1640–1674 1640–1674 Philipp Franz … son son of Philipp Karl; duke 1644 1674–1681 1674–1681 Karl Eugen … son of Philipp Karl 1681–1691 1681–1691 Philipp Karl Franz … son of Karl Eugen 1691–1754 1691–1754 Leopold Philipp … son of Philipp Karl Franz 1754–1778 1754–1778 Karl Maria Raimund … son of Leopold Philipp 1778–1803 1778–1803 Ludwig Engelbert, the Blind … … son of Karl Maria Raimund; abdicated, died 1820 1803–1810 1803–1810 Prosper Ludwig … son of Ludwig Engelbert; mediatized, died 1861 1861 (Meppen to France, Recklinghausen to Berg 1810)


AUERSPERG

A Swabian family long settled in Carniola, the Auerspergs distinguished themselves in Habsburg service, and attained the rank of barons in 1550, and counts in 1630. Johann Weikhard was promoted to prince in 1653, and invested with the duchy of Silesia-Münsterberg in 1654, and with the princely county of Tengen in 1663. This secured the family a place among the secular princes of the Holy Roman Empire, which it retained until mediatized in 1806; Tengen Tengen passed to Bade. Only the princely branch of the Auersperg family is covered in the list below. Counts and Princes of Auersperg House of Auersperg 1592–1634 1592–1634 1634–1673 1634–1673 & 1634–1653 1634–1653 & 1634–1677 1634–1677

1677–1705 1705–1713 1705–1713 1713–1783 1713–1783 1783–1800 1783–1800 1800–1806 1800–1806

Dietrich II … son of Christoph II of Auersperg; count 1630 Wolfgang Engelbert III … son of Dietrich II Herbard … son of of Dietrich II; to Schönberg 1653–166 1653–16688 (line continued) Johann Weikhard Weikhard … son of Dietrich II; prince 1653; 1653; duke duke of Silesia-Münsterberg 1654; princely count of of Tengen 1663 1663 Johann Ferdinand … son of Johann Weikhard Franz Karl … son of Johann Weikhard Heinrich Joseph Johann … son of Franz Franz Karl; Münsterberg lost to Prussia 1742 Karl Joseph Joseph Anton … son of Heinrich Heinrich Joseph Johann; duke of Gottschee 1791 1791 Wilhelm … son of Karl Karl Joseph Joseph Anton; mediatized, died 1822 (to Bade 1806) BADE (BADEN)

The margraves of Bade in Swabia originated originated from the House of Zähringen. The title of margrave originated with Hermann I, who served as margrave of Verona 1073–1074. 1073–1074. By 1112 his son Hermann II reigned as margrave of Bade. After several partitions among subsidiary subsidiary lines, Bade was divided between two main lines of margraves, those of Bade-Bade Bade-Bade and Bade-Durlach. With the extinction of the line of Bade-Bade in 1771, the line of Bade-Durlach reunited the family possessions. possessions. In 1803 the margrave of Bade received the title of elector of the Holy Roman Empire, Empire, and on its dissolution in 1806 1806 he became a grand duke. The grand duchy joined the German Empire in 1871. Margraves of Bade Zähringen House of Bade 1061–1074 1061–1074 Hermann I … son son of duke Berthold Berthold I of Zähringen (Carinthia); margrave of Verona Verona 1073 1074–1130 Hermann II … son of Hermann I; margrave of Bade by 1112 1130–1160 1130–1160 Hermann III, the Great … … son of Hermann II 1160–1190 1160–1190 Hermann IV … son of Hermann III 1190–1243 Hermann V … son of Hermann IV + Friedrich … son of Hermann IV; associated 1190–1217 1243–1250 Hermann VI, the Younger … … son of Hermann V & 1243–1288 1243–1288 Rudolf I … son of Hermann V 1250–1268 1250–1268 Friedrich I … son of Hermann VI 1288–1291 1288–1291 Hermann VII … son of Rudolf I; in Pforzheim-Eberstein Pforzheim-Eberstein & 1288–1295 1288–1295 Rudolf II … son son of Rudolf I; in Durlach-Durmersheim & 1288–1297 1288–1297 Hesso … son son of Rudolf I; in in Durlach-Besigheim & 1288–1332 1288–1332 Rudolf III … son of Rudolf I 1291–1333 1291–1333 Friedrich II … son of Hermann VII; in Eberstein


& 1291–1348 1291–1348 & 1291–1300 1291–1300 1297–1335 1297–1335 1333–1353 1333–1353 1348–1353 1348–1353 & 1348–1361 1353–1372 1372–1391 1372–1391 & 1372–1431 1372–1431 1431–1453 1431–1453 1453–1454 1453–1454 & 1453–1458 1453–1458 & 1453–1475 1453–1475 1475–1488 1475–1488 & 1475–1515 1475–1515 & 1475–1517 1475–1517 1515–1535 1515–1535 & 1515–1533 1515–1533 & 1515–1535 1515–1535

1212–1231 1212–1231 1231–1289 1231–1289 1289–1330 1289–1330 1330–c .1369 .1369 c .1369–1386 .1369–1386 & c .1369–1411 .1369–1411 & c .1369– .1369– c .1410 .1410 c .1410–1415 .1410–1415

1289–1313 1289–1313 1313–c .1320 .1320 & 1313–1356 1313–1356 & 1313–1387 1313–1387 1356–1428 1356–1428 1428–1441 1428–1441 1441–1445 1441–1445 & 1441–1487 1441–1487 1487–1503

1535–1536 1535–1536

Rudolf IV … son of Hermann VII; in Pforzheim Hermann VIII … son of Hermann VII; in in Grötzingen Grötzingen Rudolf Hesso … son of Hesso; in Durlach-Besigheim Hermann IX … son of Friedrich II; in in Eberstein Friedrich III, the Peaceful … … son of Rudolf IV; in Bade Rudolf V, the Waker … … son of Rudolf IV; in Pforzheim Rudolf VI, the Tall … … son of Friedrich III; in Bade 1353, in Pforzheim 1361 Rudolf VII … son of Rudolf VI; , in Pforzheim 1372, 1372, in in Bade 1380 Bernhard I … son of of Rudolf VI; in Bade 1372, 1372, in Durlach 1380, 1380, in Pforzheim Pforzheim 1391 1391 Jakob I … son of Bernhard I Georg … son of Jakob I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1484 Bernhard II, the Blessed … … son of Jakob I; in Pforzheim-Eberstein Karl I … son of Jakob Jakob I; in in Durlach 1453, in in Pforzehim-Eberstein Pforzehim-Eberstein 1458 Albrecht … son of Karl I; in Hachberg 1482 Christoph I … son of Karl I; in Bade 1482, 1482, in Hachberg Hachberg 1488; 1488; abdicated, died 1527 Friedrich IV … son of Karl Karl I; bishop of of Utrecht since 1496 1496 Bernhard III … son of of Christoph Christoph I; to Bade-Bade 1535–1536 1535–1536 Philipp I … son of Christoph I Ernst … son of Christoph I; to Bade-Durlach 1535–1552, 1535–1552, died 1553 (division into Bade-Bade and Bade-Durlach 1535) Margraves of Bade in Hachberg Heinrich I … son of margrave margrave Hermann IV of Bade Heinrich II … son of Heinrich I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1297 1297 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich III Otto I … son of Heinrich IV; associated 1364 Johann … son of Heinrich IV Hesso … son of Heinrich IV Otto II … son of Hesso; sold margraviate, died 1418 (to Bade 1415) Margraves of Bade in Sausenberg Rudolf I … son of margrave Heinrich II of Bade-Hachberg Heinrich … son of Rudolf I Rudolf II … son of Rudolf I Otto … son of Rudolf I Rudolf III … son of Rudolf II + Rudolf … son of Rudolf III; associated 1393–1420 Wilhelm … son son of Rudolf III; abdicated, abdicated, died 1482 Hugo … son of Wilhelm Rudolf IV … son of Wilhelm Philipp … son of Rudolf IV (to Bade 1503) Margraves of Bade in Bade Bernhard III … son of of margrave margrave Christoph Christoph I of Bade; Bade; previously previously there


1536–1569 1536–1569 & 1537–1556 1537–1556 1569–1588 1569–1588 1588–1596 1588–1596 1596–1622 1596–1622 1622–1677 1622–1677

1677–1707 1677–1707 1707–1761 1707–1761 1761–1771 1761–1771

Philibert … son of Bernhard III Christoph II … posthumous posthumous son of Bernhard III; to Sponheim-Rodem Sponheim-Rodemachern achern 1556–1575 1556–1575 Philipp II … son of Philibert Eduard Fortunatus Fortunatus … son of Christoph Christoph II; deposed; in Sponheim-Rodemachern Sponheim-Rodemachern 1575–1600 1575–1600 (to Bade-Durlach) Wilhelm … son of Eduard Eduard Fortunatus; in Rodemachern Rodemachern 1600–1622 1600–1622 + Hermann … son of Eduard Fortunatus; in Rodemachern 1622–1665 + Karl Wilhelm … son of Hermann; in Rodemachern 1665–1666 Ludwig Wilhelm … son of Ferdinand Maximilian, son of Wilhelm Ludwig Georg … son of Ludwig Wilhelm August Georg … son of Ludwig Wilhelm (to Bade-Durlach 1771)

1535–1552 1535–1552 1552–1553 1552–1553 & 1552–1577 1552–1577 1577–1604 1577–1604 & 1577–1590 1577–1590 & 1577–162 1577–16222 1590–1591 1622–1659 1622–1659 1659–1677 1659–1677 1677–1709 1677–1709 1709–1738 1709–1738 1738–1803 1738–1803

Margraves of Bade in Durlach Ernst … son of margrave Christoph I of Bade; Bade; previously previously there; abdicated, died died 1553 Bernhard IV … son of Ernst Karl II … son of Ernst Ernst Friedrich … son of Karl II Jakob II … son of Karl II Georg Friedrich … son of Karl II; abdicated, abdicated, died 1638 1638 Ernst Jakob … posthumous son of Jakob II Friedrich V … son of Georg Friedrich Friedrich VI … son of Friedrich V Friedrich Magnus … son of Friedrich VI Karl Wilhelm … son of Friedrich Magnus Karl Friedrich … son of Friedrich, Friedrich, son of Karl Wilhelm; elector 1803–1806, 1803–1806, then grand duke 1806–1811

1803–1811 1803–1811 1811–1818 1811–1818 1818–1830 1818–1830 1830–1852 1830–1852 1852–1856 1852–1856 1856–1907 1856–1907 1907–1918 1907–1918

Electors and Grand Dukes of Bade Karl Friedrich … margrave margrave of Bade-Durlach 1738–1803 1738–1803;; elector 1803, grand duke 1806 Karl I … son of of Karl Karl Ludwig, Ludwig, son son of Karl Friedrich Ludwig I … son of Karl Friedrich Leopold I … son of Karl Friedrich Ludwig II … son son of Leopold I; deposed, deposed, died 1858 Friedrich I … son son of Leopold I; regent regent since 1852 Friedrich II … son of Friedrich I; deposed, died 1928 (republic; to Germany 1918) BAR

The county of Bar belonged to Upper Lorraine, Lorraine, and its counts served as dukes in 977–1033 977–1033 and from 1480. 1480. A French-speaking territory, it maintained strong ties with the neighboring kingdom of France, and several rulers of Bar fought for the French king, for example at Bouvines in 1214 and at Agincourt in 1415. The rulers of Bar also regularly participated in the Crusades Crusades and several lost their lives abroad. In 1301 most of Bar’s territory west of the Meuse, including including the capital Bar-le-Duc, Bar-le-Duc, became a French fief; the remainder remainder of the county, however, however, remained vassal to the Holy Roman Roman Empire. The count of Bar was raised to duke of Bar and margrave margrave of Pontà-Mousson in 1354. 1354. In 1480 Bar entered entered into a permanent personal personal union with the duchy of Lorraine. After several French occupations in the 17 th century, Bar was annexed by France in 1766.


Counts and Dukes of Bar House of Wigerich c .950–978 .950–978 Frédéric I … son of count count palatine palatine Wigerich Wigerich of Lorraine; Upper Lorraine 959–978 978–1027 978–1027 Thierry I … son son of Frédéric I; also Upper Lorraine + Frédéric II … son of Thierry I; associated 1019–1026; 1019–1026; also Upper Lorraine 1027–1033 1027–1033 Frédéric III … son of Frédéric II; also also Upper Lorraine 1033–1093 1033–1093 Sophie … daughter of Fréderic II & 1038–1073 1038–1073 Louis I … married married Sophie; Sophie; son of count count Richwin Richwin of Scarpone Mousson House of Montbéliard-Ferrette 1093–1105 1093–1105 Thierry II … son of Louis I and Sophie 1105–1149 1105–1149 Renaud I, the One-Eyed … … son of Thierry II 1149–1170 1149–1170 Renaud II … son of Renaud I 1170–1190 1170–1190 Henri I … son of Renaud II 1190–1214 1190–1214 Thiébaut I … son of Renaud II 1214–1239 1214–1239 Henri II … son of Thiébaut I 1240–1291 1240–1291 Thiébaut II … son of Henri II 1291–1302 1291–1302 Henri III … son of Thiébaut II 1302–1336 1302–1336 Édouard I … son of Henri III 1336–1344 1336–1344 Henri IV … son of Édouard I 1344–1352 Édouard II … son of Henri IV 1352–1411 1352–1411 Robert … son of of Henri IV; duke duke of Bar and and of Pont-à-Mousson Pont-à-Mousson 1354 1354 1411–1415 1411–1415 Édouard III … son of Robert 1415–1430 1415–1430 Louis II … son of Robert; Robert; bishop of Poitiers 1391–1395, 1391–1395, of Langres Langres 1397–1413, 1397–1413, of Châlons 1413–1420, of Verdun 1419–1423 and 1424–1430 Valois House of Anjou 1430–1480 René I, the Good … … son of duke Louis II of Anjou by Yolanda, daughter of king Juan I of Aragón by Yolande, daughter of Robert; Naples 1435–1442 1480 Yolande … daughter of René I; abdicated, died 1483 (to Lorraine 1480; to France 1635; to Lorraine 1641; to France 1641; to Lorraine 1659; to France 1670; to Lorraine 1697; to France 1766)

BAVARIA (BAYERN)

The old tribal duchy of the Baiovari fell within the sphere of Frankish influence and was annexed by the Franks in 788. Thereafter Bavaria formed formed an important Carolingian Carolingian sub-kingdom and, and, together with neighboring Franconia, became the core of the future East Frankish Frankish (German) kingdom. kingdom. By the mid 890s Bavaria was was under the control of margrave Liutpold, whose son Arnulf became duke in 909, and claimed royal status in about 911– 920. The dukes of the Liutpolding House were gradually gradually replaced by a series of relatives and appointees of the German kings, and on occasion by the kings themselves. themselves. From 1070 the ducal throne was virtually virtually monopolized by the Este branch of the Welf family, which came into conflict with its royal suzerains and was permanently deposed in 1180. The duchy was then transformed transformed into a hereditary fief of the House House of Wittelsbach, which descended from the Liutpoldings. Liutpoldings. The Wittelsbach dukes dukes of Bavaria became electors electors of the Holy Roman Empire in 1623 (replacing their cousins in the Rhine Palatinate), and Karl Albert was elected emperor 1742– 1745. On the extinction of this branch branch of the Wittelsbach dynasty, dynasty, Bavaria passed passed to the electors of the Palatinate. In 1805 the elector Maximilian Maximilian IV Joseph Joseph became king king of Bavaria Bavaria as Maximilian Maximilian I. In 1871 the kingdom joined the German Empire, with “Mad” king Ludwig II supporting its creation and securing a privileged treatment for the kingdom of Bavaria within it. The monarchy was abolished in 1918, as elsewhere throughout Germany.


Dukes of Bavaria Liutpolding House of Bavaria 895–907 Liutpold … margrave in Bavaria and Carinthia 907–937 Arnulf, the Bad … … son of Liutpold; in exile 914–917 937–938 Eberhard … son of Arnulf; deposed, died c .940 .940 938–947 Berthold … son of Liutpold Liudolfing House of Saxony 947–955 Heinrich I … husband of Judith, Judith, daughter of Arnulf; son of king Heinrich Heinrich I of Germany Germany 955–976 Heinrich II, the Wrangler … … son of Heinrich I; deposed 976–982 Otto I … son of duke Liudolf of Swabia, Swabia, son of emperor Otto I, brother of Heinrich I Liutpolding House of Bavaria 982–985 Heinrich III … son of Berthold; deposed, died 989 Liudolfing House of Saxony 985–995 Heinrich II, the Wrangler … … restored 995–1004 995–1004 Heinrich IV, the Holy 15… son of Heinrich II; abdicated, German king 1002–1024 1002–1024 House of Luxembourg 1004–1009 1004–1009 Heinrich V … son of count count Siegfried of Luxembourg; Luxembourg; deposed Liudolfing House of Saxony 1009–1017 1009–1017 Heinrich IV, the Holy … restored; abdicated, German king 1002–1024 House of Luxembourg 1017–1026 1017–1026 Heinrich V … restored Salian House of Franconia 1027–1042 1027–1042 Heinrich VI, the Black … son of emperor Konrad II; abdicated, German king 1039–1056 House of Luxembourg 1042–1047 1042–1047 Heinrich VII … son of of count count Friedrich I of Luxembourg, brother of Heinrich V Salian House of Franconia 1047–1049 1047–1049 Heinrich VI, the Black … restored; abdicated, German king 1039–1056 Ezzonid House of Lorraine 1049–1053 1049–1053 Konrad I … son of count Liudolf Liudolf of Zütphen, Zütphen, brother of duke Otto II of Swabia; Swabia; deposed, died 1055 Salian House of Franconia 1053–1055 1053–1055 Heinrich VIII … son of Heinrich VI; replaced; German king 1056–1105 1056–1105 1055 Konrad II, the Child … … son of Heinrich VI 1056–1061 1056–1061 Agnes (of Poitiers) … widow of of Heinrich VI; daughter of duke Guillaume V of Aquitaine; abdicated, died 1077 House of Northeim 1061–1070 1061–1070 Otto II … son of count Benno of Northeim; Northeim; deposed, deposed, died 1083 Welf House of Este 1070–1077 1070–1077 Welf I … husband of Ethelind, daughter of Otto II; son of of marquis Azzo II of Este; deposed Salian House of Franconia 1077–1096 1077–1096 Heinrich VIII … restored; abdicated; German king 1056–1105, 1056–1105, died 1106 1106 Welf House of Este 1096–1101 1096–1101 Welf I … restored 1101–1120 1101–1120 Welf II, the Fat … … son of Welf I 1120–1126 1120–1126 Heinrich IX, the Black … son of Welf I 1126–1138 Heinrich X, the Proud … … son of Heinrich IX; deposed, died 1139 Babenberg House of Austria 1139–1141 1139–1141 Leopold … son of margrave Leopold III of Austria by Agnes, daughter of of Heinrich VIII 15 Canonized as saint 1146.


Hohenstaufen House of Swabia 1141–1143 1141–1143 Konrad III … son of duke Friedrich I of Swabia Swabia by Agnes, daughter daughter of Heinrich Heinrich VIII; German king 1138–1152 Babenberg House of Austria 1143–1156 1143–1156 Heinrich XI, Jasomirgott … … brother of Leopold; replaced, died 1177 Welf House of Este 1156–1180 1156–1180 Heinrich XII, the Lion … son of Heinrich X; deposed, died 1195 (to the Wittelsbach dukes of Bavaria 1180)

Wittelsbach Dukes of Bavaria House of Wittelsbach 1180–1183 1180–1183 Otto I … son son of count Otto IV of Wittelsbach 1183–1231 Ludwig I, of Kelheim … son of Otto I 1231–1253 Otto II, the Illustrious … son of Ludwig I 1253–1255 Ludwig II, the Strict … … son of Otto II; to Upper Bavaria 1255–1294 1255–1294 & 1253–1255 Heinrich I … son of Otto II; to Lower Bavaria 1255–1290 (division into Upper Bavaria and Lower Bavaria 1255)

1255–1294 1294–1317 & 1294–1347 1347–1361 & 1347–1349 1347–1349 & 1347–1365 & 1347–1349 & 1347–1349 1347–1349 & 1347–1379 1347–1379 1361–1363 1361–1363

1255–1290 1290–1312 1290–1312 & 1290–1296 1290–1296 & 1290–1310 1290–1310 1310–1339 1310–1339 & 1310–1334 1310–1334 1312–1333 1312–1333 1339–1340 1340–1349

1349–1353 1349–1353 & 1349–1389 1349–1389 & 1349–1404 1349–1404 1404–1417 1404–1417

Dukes in Upper Bavaria Ludwig II, the Strict … … son of duke Otto II of Bavaria; Bavaria 1253–1255 1253–1255 Rudolf, the Stammerer … … son of Ludwig II; deposed, died 1319 Ludwig IV, the Bavarian … son of Ludwig II; German king 1314–1347; united Bavaria 1340 Ludwig V, the Elder … son of Ludwig IV; in Upper Bavaria 1349 Stephan II … son of Ludwig Ludwig IV; to Bavaria-Straubing Bavaria-Straubing 1349–1353, 1349–1353, Bavaria-Landshut Bavaria-Landshut 1353–1375 1353–1375 Ludwig VI, the Roman … son of Ludwig IV; in Upper Bavaria 1349 Wilhelm I, the Mad … … son of Ludwig IV; to Bavaria-Straubing 1349–1 1349–1389 389 Albrecht I … son of Ludwig Ludwig IV; IV; to Bavaria-Straubing Bavaria-Straubing 1349–1404 1349–1404 Otto V, the Indolent … … son of Ludwig IV; in Upper Bavaria 1349 Meinhard … son of Ludwig V (to Bavaria-Landshut 1363) Dukes in Lower Bavaria Heinrich I … son of duke Otto II of Bavaria; Bavaria 1253–1255 Otto III … son of Heinrich I Ludwig III … son of Heinrich I Stephan I … son of Heinrich I Heinrich II, the Elder … … son of Stephan I Otto IV … son of Stephan I Heinrich III, of Natternberg … … son of Otto III Johann I, the Child … … son of Heinrich II (to Upper Bavaria 1340) Dukes of Bavaria in Straubing Stephan II … son of duke Ludwig IV of Upper Bavaria; to Bavaria-Landshut Bavaria-Landshut 1353–1375 1353–1375 Wilhelm I, the Fool … … brother of Stephan II; Straubing 1353 Albrecht I … brother of Stephan II; Straubing Straubing 1353 + Albrecht II, the Younger … son of Albrecht I; associated 1391–1397 Wilhelm II … son of Albrecht I; associated associated 1394


1417–1425

1353–1375 1353–1375 1375–1392 1375–1392 & 1375–1393 1375–1393 & 1375–1392 1393–1450 1393–1450 1450–1479 1450–1479 1479–1503 1503–1504

1392–1413 1392–1413 1413–1441 1441–1445 1441–1445

1392–1397 1397–1438 & 1397–1435 1397–1435 1438–1460 1438–1460 1460–1463 & 1460–1467 1460–1467 & 1460–1508 1460–1508 1508–1550 1508–1550 & 1508–1545 1508–1545 1550–1579 1550–1579 1579–1597 1597–1623 1597–1623

Johann III, the Pitiless … son of Albrecht I; bishop of Liège until 1418 (to Bavaria-Munich 1425) Dukes of Bavaria in Landshut Stephan II … son of duke Ludwig Ludwig IV of Upper Bavaria; Bavaria; Bavaria 1347–1349, 1347–1349, Straubing 1349–1353 1349–1353 Stephan III … son of Stephan Stephan II; to Bavaria-Ingolstadt Bavaria-Ingolstadt 1392–1413 1392–1413 Friedrich, the Wise … son of Stephan II; Landshut 1392 Johann II, the Meek … son of Stephan II; to Bavaria-Munich 1392–1397 Heinrich IV, the Rich … son of Friedrich Ludwig IX, the Rich … son of Heinrich IV Georg, the Rich … son of Ludwig IX Ruprecht, the Virtuous … husband of Elisabeth, daughter of Georg; son of elector Philipp of the Palatinate (to Bavaria-Munich 1504) Dukes of Bavaria in Ingolstadt Stephan III … son of duke Stephan II of Bavaria-Lands Bavaria-Landshut; hut; Landshut 1375–1392 1375–1392 Ludwig VII, the Bearded … … son of Stephan III; deposed, died 1447 Ludwig VIII, the Hunchback … son of Ludwig VII (to Bavaria-Landshut 1445) Dukes of Bavaria in Munich (München) Johann II, the Meek … son of duke Stephan II of Bavaria-Landshut; Bavaria-Landshut; Landshut 1375–1392 Ernst, the Forceful … … son of Johann II Wilhelm III … son of Johann II Albrecht III, the Pious … son of Ernst Johann IV, the Truthful … … son of Albrecht III; in Munich Sigismund, the Generous … son of Albrecht III; in Dachau; abdicated, died 1501 Albrecht IV, the Wise … son of Albrecht III Wilhelm IV, the Steadfast … … son of Albrecht IV; in Munich Ludwig X … son son of Albrecht IV; in Landshut Albrecht V, the Magnificent … … son of Wilhelm IV Wilhelm V, the Pious … son of Albrecht V; abdicated, died 1626 Maximilian … son of Wilhelm V; elector 1623–1651 1623–1651

Electors of Bavaria 1623–1651 Maximilian I … former duke of Bavaria 1597–1623 1651–1679 1651–1679 Ferdinand Maria … son of Maximilian I 1679–1704 Maximilian II Emanuel … son of Ferdinand Maria; deposed; Luxembourg 1712–1714 1704–1714 1704–1714 (to the Empire) 1714–1726 1714–1726 Maximilian II Emanuel … restored 1726–1745 1726–1745 Karl Albert … son of Maximilian II; emperor emperor 1742–1745 1742–1745 1745–1777 1745–1777 Maximilian III Joseph … son of Karl Albert Line of Line of Palatinate-Sulzbach 1777–1799 1777–1799 Karl Theodor … son of duke Johann Christian of Sulzbach, son of duke Theodor, Theodor, son of duke Christian, son of duke August, son of duke Philipp Ludwig of Neuburg, son of duke Wolfgang of Zweibrücken, son of duke Ludwig Ludwig II, son of duke duke Alexander, son of duke Ludwig I, son of duke Stephan of Simmern, son of king Ruprecht, son of elector Ruprecht II


of the Palatinate, son of Adolf, son of duke Rudolf of Upper Bavaria Line of Palatinate-Zweibrücken 1799–1805 1799–1805 Maximilian IV Joseph … son of Friedrich Michael, son son of duke Christian Christian III of Zweibrücken, Zweibrücken, son of duke Christian II of Birkenfeld, son of duke Christian I, son of duke Karl, son of duke Wolfgang of Zweibrücken, son of duke Ludwig Ludwig II, son of duke duke Alexander, son of duke Ludwig Ludwig I, son of duke Stephan of Simmern, son of king Ruprecht, son of elector Ruprecht II of the Palatinate, son of Adolf, son of duke Rudolf of Upper Bavaria; king of Bavaria 1805–1825 1805–1825

1805–1825 1805–1825 1825–1848 1825–1848 1848–1864 1848–1864 1864–1886 1864–1886 1886–1913 1886–1913 1913–1918 1913–1918

Kings of Bavaria Maximilian I … former elector of Bavaria 1799–1805 1799–1805 Ludwig I … son of Maximilian I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1868 1868 Maximilian II … son of Ludwig I Ludwig II … son of Maximilian II Otto I … son of Maximilian II; deposed, died 1916 Ludwig III … son of Luitpold, 16 son of Ludwig I; regent since 1912; deposed, died 1921 (republic; to Germany 1918) BENTHEIM

On the death of Otto II of Northeim, his sister Gertrud brought the county of Bentheim in northwestern Germany to her husband Otto of Salm. Their daughter Sophie brought the county to her husband, Dirk VI of Holland, who left it to his son Otto I. In 1421 the county passed to the House House of Götterswick, which also acquired the counties of Steinfurt and Tecklenburg by marriage. marriage. These fiefs were repeatedly divided, reunited, and exchanged among among members of the family. Bentheim passed to the younger younger surviving line in Steinfurt Steinfurt in 1803 but the family was mediatized in favor of Berg in 1806 and Hanover in 1813. Counts of Bentheim House of Holland :1176–c .1208 .1208 Otto I … son of count count Dirk VI of Holland by Sophie Sophie of Bentheim c .1208– .1208– c .1248 .1248 Balduin, the Brave … son of Otto I c .1248– .1248– c .1279 .1279 Otto II … son of Balduin c .1279– .1279– c .1311 .1311 Ekbert … son of Otto II c .1311– .1311– c .1333 .1333 Johann … son of Ekbert c .1333–1344 .1333–1344 Simon … son of Johann 1344–1364 Otto III … son of Johann; abdicated, abdicate d, died 1379 1364–1421 1364–1421 Bernhard I … son of Johann House of Götterswick 1421–1454 1421–1454 Eberwin I … son of Arnold Arnold III of of Götterswick, Götterswick, son of Eberwin IV by Hedwig, daughter daughter of Johann 1454–1473 1454–1473 Bernhard II … son of Eberwin I 1473–1530 1473–1530 Eberwin II, the Wise … son of Bernhard II + Bernhard … son of Eberwin II; associated c .1523–1528 .1523–1528 1530–1553 1530–1553 Arnold I … son of count count Eberwin II of Steinfurt, Steinfurt, son of count Arnold I, son of Eberwin I; husband of Maria, daughter of Eberwin II 1553–1562 1553–1562 Eberwin III … son of Arnold I 1562–1606 1562–1606 Arnold II … son of Eberwin III 1606–1643 1606–1643 Arnold Jobst … son of Arnold II 16 Luitpold was regent

of Bavaria 1886–1912.


1643–1693 1643–1693 1693–1701 1693–1701 1701–1723 1701–1723 1723–1803 1723–1803 1803–1806 1803–1806 1806–1813 1813

+ Konrad Gumprecht … son of Arnold II; in Hohenlimburg 1606–1619 + Friedrich Ludwig … son of Arnold II; in Alpen 1606–1629 1606–1629 Ernst Wilhelm … son of Arnold Jobst Arnold Moritz Wilhelm … son of count Philipp Philipp Konrad Konrad of Steinfurt, son son of Arnold Jobst Hermann Friedrich … son of Arnold Moritz Wilhelm; deposed, died 1731 1731 Friedrich Karl Karl Philipp Philipp … son of of Hermann Hermann Friedrich; Friedrich; mortgaged mortgaged Bentheim Bentheim to Hanover Ludwig … son of count Karl Paul Ernst Ernst of Steinfurt, son son of count Friedrich Friedrich Karl, son of count Ernst, son of Ernst Wilhelm; deposed (to Berg) Ludwig … restored; mediatized, died 1817 (to Hanover 1813; to Prussia 1866) BERG

The county of Berg on the Lower Rhine belonged to the duchy of Lower Lorraine, and its counts capitalized on their strategic location to become become the leading comital dynasty of the region. On the extinction of the direct male line of counts, Berg passed passed to the House of Limburg by marriage. marriage. The county entered into a personal personal union with nearby Jülich in 1348, 1348, and Berg was promoted to a duchy in 1380. 1380. Jülich and Berg passed by inheritance to the dukes of Cleves and counts of Mark in 1521, producing an agglomeration of secular principalities dominating dominating the Lower Rhine alongside the extensive possessions of the ecclesiastical principalities of Cologne, Liège, and Münster. The extinction of the ducal line in 1609 led to a dispute over its lands between the Wittlesbach House of the Palatinate-Neuburg Palatinate-Neuburg and the Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg. The Treaty of Xanten in 1614, allotted allotted Berg and Jülich to the Palatinate (and later Bavaria). Bavaria). In 1806 Berg was turned over to the French, who installed Napoléon I’s brother-in-law Joachim Murat as the grand duke of Berg, with jurisdiction significantly larger than that of the old duchy of Berg. When Joachim was sent to Italy as king of Naples, Berg was turned over to Napoléon’s nephew Louis, but the grand duchy of Berg was terminated by the Congress of Vienna, which turned the territory over to Prussia in 1815. Counts of Berg Hövel House of Berg 1101–1106 1101–1106 Adolf I … son of count Adolf III of Hövel by Adelheid, daughter of count Rütger Rütger II of Cleves 1106–1160 1106–1160 Adolf II … son of Adolf I; abdicated, died 1170 1160–1161 1160–1161 Eberhard … son of of Adolf II; to Altena 1161–1180 1161–1180 (line continued in Mark) Mark) & 1160–1189 1160–1189 Engelbert I … son of Adolf II 1189–1218 1189–1218 Adolf III … son of Engelbert I 1218–1225 1218–1225 Engelbert II, the Holy … son of Engelbert I; archbishop of Cologne 1220–1225 Arlon House of Limburg 1225–1246 1225–1246 Heinrich … husband of of Irmgard, daughter of Adolf III; son of count Walram Walram III of Limburg Limburg 1246–1259 1246–1259 Adolf IV … son of Heinrich 1259–1296 1259–1296 Adolf V … son of Adolf IV 1296–1308 1296–1308 Wilhelm I … son of Adolf IV 1308–1348 1308–1348 Adolf VI … son of Heinrich Heinrich of Windeck, son of of Adolf IV Hengebach House of Jülich 1348–1360 1348–1360 Gerhard … husband of of Margarete, Margarete, daughter of count Otto IV of Ravensberg Ravensberg by Margarete, sister of Adolf VI; son of duke Wilhelm I of Jülich 1360–1380 1360–1380 Wilhelm II … son of Gerhard; duke 1380–1408 1380–1408


Dukes of Berg 1380–1408 1380–1408 Wilhelm I … former count of Berg 1360–1380 1360–1380 1408–1437 1408–1437 Adolf … son of Wilhelm II 1437–1475 1437–1475 Gerhard … son of count Wilhelm of Ravensberg, Ravensberg, son of Wilhelm I 1475–1511 1475–1511 Wilhelm II … son of Gerhard Berg House of Mark-Altena 1511–1539 Johann, the Peaceable … husband of Maria, daughter of Wilhelm II; son of duke Johann II of Cleves 1539–1592 1539–1592 Wilhelm III, the Rich … son of Johann 1592–1609 Johann Wilhelm … son of Wilhelm III; bishop of Münster 1574–1585 1609–1803 1609–1803 (divided between Brandenburg Brandenburg and the the Palatinate-Neuburg Palatinate-Neuburg 1609; to the PalatinateNeuburg 1614, united with the Palatinate 1685, and with Bavaria 1777) Wittlesbach House of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen 1803–1806 1803–1806 Wilhelm … son of duke duke Johann Johann of Birkenfeld; Birkenfeld; replaced, died 1837 1837 Grand Dukes of Berg House of Murat 1806–1808 1806–1808

Joachim … husband of Caroline, Caroline, sister of emperor emperor Napoléon I of the French; son of Pierre Murat; Murat; to Naples 1808–1815

House of Bonaparte 1809–1813 1809–1813 Napoleon Ludwig Ludwig … son of king Lodwijk I of Holland, brother of emperor Napoléon Napoléon I of the French; king of Holland 1810; replaced, died 1831 (to France 1813; to Prussia 1815)

BLANKENHEIM and GEROLSTEIN

Squeezed in-between the lands of Luxembourg, Jülich, and Trier, the lordships of Blankenheim and Gerolstein (Geroldstein) were promoted to a county county in 1404. The extinction of the comital comital male line a mere two years later brought the county to the House of Sponheim-Heinsberg, and then to that of neighboring Manderscheid. The latter divided into several branches, including the two of Gerolstein and Blankenheim, which reunited under the latter in 1697. When the male line became extinct in 1780, 1780, the county passed to the Bohemian House of Sternberg, which lost its possessions possessions to France in 1801. Compensated with the secularized secularized abbeys of Schüssenried and Weissenau in 1803, it was mediatized in favor of Württemberg in 1806. Counts of Blankenheim and Gerolstein House of Blankenheim 1404–1406 1404–1406 Gerhard I … son of Gerhard Gerhard of Blankenheim; Blankenheim; count 1404 House of Sponheim 1406–1438 1406–1438 Wilhelm I … husband of Elisabeth, Elisabeth, daughter daughter of Gerhard I; son of count Johann Johann II of Heinsberg 1438–1460 1438–1460 Gerhard II … son of Wilhelm I 1460–1468 1460–1468 Wilhelm II … son of Gerhard II House of Manderscheid 1468–1488 1468–1488 Dietrich … husband of of Elisabeth, Elisabeth, daughter of Johann Johann II of Schleien by Johanna, Johanna, daughter daughter of Gerhard I; son of Dietrich II of Manderscheid; abdicated, died 1498 1488–1524 1488–1524 Johann I … son of Dietrich 1524–1533 Johann II … son of Johann I (division into Gerolstein and Blankenheim 1533)


1533–1548 1533–1548 1548–1611 1548–1611 1611–1649 1611–1649 1649–1671 1649–1671 1671–1697 1671–1697

1524–1548 1524–1548 1548–1604 1548–1604 1604–1614 1604–1614 1614–1644 1614–1644 1644–1694 1644–1694 1694–1731 1694–1731 1731–1772 1731–1772 1772–1780 1772–1780 House of Sternberg 1780–1798 1780–1798 1798–1801 1798–1801

Counts of Manderscheid in Gerolstein Gerhard … son of count Johann I of Blankenheim and Gerolstein Gerolstein Johann Gerhard … son of Gerhard Karl … son of Johann Gerhard Ferdinand Ludwig … son of Karl Karl Ferdinand … son of Ferdinand Ludwig (to Manderscheid-Blankenheim Manderscheid-Blankenheim 1697) Counts of Manderscheid in Blankenheim Arnold I … son of count Johann I of Blankenheim and Gerolstein Gerolstein Hermann … son of Arnold I Arnold II … son of Arnold I Johann Arnold … son of Arnold II Salentin Ernst … son son of Johann Arnold; abdicated, died 1705 Franz Georg … son of Salentin Ernst; inherited Gerolstein 1697 Johann Wilhelm Franz … son of of Franz Georg; inherited inherited Manderscheid Manderscheid 1742 Joseph Franz … son of Franz Georg

Christian Philipp Philipp … husband of Augusta, daughter of Johann Wilhelm Franz; Franz; son of count Franz Philipp of Sternberg Franz Joseph … son of Christian Christian Philipp; Philipp; deposed; Schüssenried and Weissenau Weissenau 1803–1806; 1803–1806; mediatized, died 1830 (Blankenheim and Geroldstein to France 1801; to Prussia 1815; Schüssenried and Weissenau to Württemberg 1806) 1806) BRABANT

The counts of Louvain in Lower Lorraine were descended from the counts of Hainault and from the Carolingians. In the late 11th century they were promoted to landgraves of Brabant, and in the early 12 th century competed with the counts counts of Limburg for the ducal throne throne of Lower Lorraine. Although the family won the contest, the duchy itself was was already largely dissolved, dissolved, and in 1183 Hendrik Hendrik the Warrior was was invested as duke of Lothier or Brabant. While the ducal title was associated with that that of Lower Lorraine, the duke’s actual possessions were primarily primarily the landgraviate landgraviate of Brabant and and the mark of Antwerp. Antwerp. In 1288 the duchy of of Brabant absorbed the rival duchy of Limburg and became one of the largest principalities principalities in the Low Countries. In the inheritance to the House of Burgundy and then then to the House of Habsburg. Brabant 15th century it passed by inheritance later became part of the Spanish Spanish Netherlands, and then of the Austrian Austrian Netherlands in 1713. 1713. Occupied by France in 1794, it was ceded to the Netherlands in 1815, and became the central part of Belgium in 1830. Counts of Louvain (Löwen) and Landgraves of Brabant House of Hainault 994–1015 1015–1038 1015–1038 1038–1039 1038–1039 1039–1054 1039–1054 1054–1078 1054–1078 1078–1095 1078–1095 1095–1128 1095–1128

Lambert I, the Bearded … … son of count Régnier III of Hainault Hendrik I, the Old … … son of Lambert I Otto … son son of Hendrik I; deposed, deposed, died 1039: Lambert II, 17 the Chained … … son of Lambert I Hendrik II, the Chained … … son of Lambert II Hendrik III … son of of Hendrik Hendrik II; landgrave landgrave of Brabant 1085 Godfried I, the Bearded … … son of Hendrik II; duke of Lower Lorraine 1106–1128

17 Originally named Balderich.


1128–1141 1128–1141 1141–1190 1141–1190

Godfried II, the Younger … … son of Godfried I; duke of Lower Lorraine 1139–1141 Godfried III, the Brave … son of Godfried I; duke of Lower Lorraine 1141–1190

Dukes of Brabant 1183–1235 1183–1235 Hendrik I, the Warrior … … son of Godfried III; duke of Brabant 1235–1248 1235–1248 Hendrik II, the Magnanimous … son of Hendrik I 1248–1261 1248–1261 Hendrik III, the Kind … … son of Hendrik II 1261–1267 1261–1267 Hendrik IV … son of Hendrik Hendrik III; deposed, deposed, died died 1272: 1272: 1267–1294 Jan I, the Victorious … son of Hendrik III 1294–1312 Jan II, the Pacific … … son of Jan I 1312–1355 1312–1355 Jan III, the Triumphant … … son of Jan II 1355–1406 Johanna … daughter of Jan III & 1355–1383 1355–1383 Wenceslaus of Luxembourg Luxembourg … husband of Johanna; son of king Jan Jan of Bohemia Valois House of Burgundy 1406–1415 1406–1415 Anton … son of duke Philippe Philippe II of of Burgundy by countess countess Marguerite III of Flanders, daughter of count Louis II by Margaretha, daughter of Jan III 1415–1427 Jan IV … son of Anton 1427–1430 1427–1430 Filips I … son of Anton 1430–1467 1430–1467 Filips II, the Good … … son of duke Jean II of Burgundy, brother of Anton 1467–1477 Karel I, the Rash … son of Filips II 1477–1482 1477–1482 Maria … daughter of Karel I House of Habsburg (Austria) 1482–1506 1482–1506 Filips III, the Handsome … son of Maria by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 1504–1506 1506–1549 1506–1549 Karel II … son of Filips III; abdicated; abdicated; Castile 1506–1556; 1506–1556; Aragón Aragón and Sicily 1516–1556; 1516–1556; Naples 1516–1554; Empire 1519–1558 (to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; to France 1794; to the Netherlands 1815; to Belgium 1830) BRANDENBURG-PRUSSIA (PREUSSEN)

Brandenburg originally originally belonged to the Saxon North March (Nordmark). In 1157 margrave Albrecht the Bear took the title of margrave margrave of Brandenburg. On the extinction of of the Ascanian House in 1320, 1320, emperor Ludwig IV invested his own son with the march, which thus passed to the House of Wittelsbach. The Wittelsbach margrave of Brandenburg became an elector of the Holy Roman Empire in 1356, but in 1373 elector Otto abdicated in favor of emperor Karl IV. The emperor invested his own son Sigismund Sigismund with the electorate, which thus passed to the House of Luxemburg. Luxemburg. In 1415 elector Sigismund, now emperor, emperor, appointed Friedrich I of Hohenzollern as margrave, margrave, and in 1417 also as elector. The indivisibility of the the electorate greatly enhanced the power and wealth of the Hohenzollerns, but junior members of the family were invested with the Franconian principalities of Bayreuth-Kulmbach and Ansbach, until these territories passed back to Brandenburg-Prussia Brandenburg-Prussia in 1791. The Hohenzollern electors inherited inherited the duchy of Prussia in 1618, and and from 1701 obtained the title “king in Prussia” (i.e., outside the frontiers of the Holy Roman Empire), changed in 1772 to “king of Prussia.” Prussia.” In 1871 king Wilhelm I of Prussia became German emperor emperor and the cornerstone power in the new German empire. His two successors retained the th e dual status of kings of Prussia and German emperors, until the end of the monarchy in 1918. Ascanian Margraves of Brandenburg Ascanian House of Ballenstedt 1134–1170 1134–1170 Albrecht I, the Bear … … son of count Otto of Ballenstedt; margrave of Brandenburg 1157 1170–1184 1170–1184 Otto I … son of Albrecht I 1184–1205 1184–1205 Otto II, the Liberal … … son of Otto I


1205–1220 1205–1220 1220–1259 1220–1259 & 1220–1259 1220–1259

1259–1266 1259–1266 1266–1281 & 1266–1308 1266–1308 & 1266–1304 1266–1304 & 1266–1318 1266–1318 1304–1305 1304–1305 & 1304–1319 1318–1320 1318–1320

1259–1267 1259–1267 1267–1268 & 1267–1299 & 1267–1300 1267–1300 & 1267–1286 1267–1286 1299–1308 1308–1317

Albrecht II … son of Otto I Johann I … son of Albrecht Albrecht II; to Brandenburg-Stendal Brandenburg-Stendal 1259–1266 1259–1266 Otto III, the Pious Pious … son of Albrecht II; to Brandenburg-Salzwedel Brandenburg-Salzwedel 1259–1267 1259–1267 (division into Brandenburg-Stendal Brandenburg-Stendal and Brandenburg-Salzwedel Brandenburg-Salzwedel 1259) Margraves of Brandenburg in Stendal Johann I … son of margrave Albrecht II of Brandenburg; Brandenburg; Brandenburg 1220–1259 Johann II … son of Johann I; in Krossen Otto IV … son of Johann I Konrad … son of Johann I; in Landsberg Heinrich, Lackland … … son of Johann I Johann IV … son of Konrad; associated 1286 + Otto VII … son of Konrad; associated 1291–1297; abdicated, died 1308 Waldemar, the Great … … son of Konrad Heinrich II … son of Heinrich I (to the Empire 1320–1324) 1320–1324) Margraves of Brandenburg in Salzwedel Otto III, the Pious … son of margrave Albrecht II of Brandenburg; Brandenburg 1220–1259 Johann III, the Righteous … son of Otto III Otto V, the Tall … … son of Otto III Albrecht III … son of Otto III; in in Stargard Otto VI, the Short … son of Otto III; abdicated, died 1303 Hermann, the Tall … … son of Otto V; associated 1295 Johann V … son of Hermann (to Brandenburg-Stendal 1317)

Wittelsbach Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg Wittelsbach House of Bavaria 1324–1351 1324–1351 Ludwig I, the Elder … … son of emperor Ludwig IV; abdicated, died 1361 1351–1365 Ludwig II, the Roman … brother of Ludwig I; elector from 1356 1365–1373 Otto, the Indolent … … brother of Ludwig II; abdicated, died 1379 Luxembourg Electors of Brandenburg Luxembourg House of Bohemia 1373–1378 1373–1378 Wenzel … son of emperor Karl IV; German king king 1378–1400 1378–1400;; abdicated, died 1419 1419 1378–1397 1378–1397 Sigismund … brother brother of Wenzel; abdicated; Hungary 1387–1437 1387–1437 + Johann … brother of Sigismund; associated 1378–1396 1397–1411 1397–1411 Jobst … son of margrave margrave Jan Jindřich of Moravia, brother brother of emperor emperor Karl IV; IV; regent since since 1393 1411–1417 1411–1417 Sigismund … restored; German German king king 1410–1437; 1410–1437; Bohemia 1419–1437; 1419–1437; sold march to the Hohenzollerns 1415, abdicated electorate 1417 Hohenzollern Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg, also Dukes of Prussia House of Hohenzollern 1417–1440 1417–1440 Friedrich I … son of burgrave burgrave Friedrich Friedrich V of Nürnberg; Nürnberg; margrave margrave since 1415; elector 1415; elector 1417 1440–1470 1440–1470 Friedrich II … son of Friedrich I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1471 + Friedrich, the Fat … … son of Friedrich I; associated as margrave in Altmark 1447–1463 1470–1486 1470–1486 Albrecht I, Achilles … son of Friedrich I


1486–1499 1499–1535 1499–1535 & 1499–1513 1499–1513 1535–1571 1571–1598 1598–1608 1598–1608 1608–1619 1608–1619 1619–1640 1619–1640 1640–1688 1640–1688 1688–1701 1688–1701

1701–1713 1701–1713 1713–1740 1713–1740 1740–1786 1740–1786 1786–1797 1786–1797 1797–1840 1797–1840 1840–1861 1840–1861 1861–1888 1861–1888 1888 1888–1918 1888–1918

1248/1340–1440 1248/1340–1440 1440–1464 1464–1486 1464–1486 1486–1495 1486–1495 1495–1536 1495–1536 1536–1557 1536–1557 1557–1603 1557–1603 1603–1655 1603–1655 1655–1712 1655–1712

1712–1726 1712–1726 1726–1735 1726–1735 1735–1763 1735–1763 1763–1769 1763–1769

1331–1486 1331–1486 1486–1536 1486–1536

Johann, Cicero … son of Albrecht I Joachim I, Nestor … … son of Johann Albrecht II … son of Johann; Johann; abdicated; abdicated; bishop of Magdeburg Magdeburg 1513–1545; 1513–1545; archbishop of Mainz 1514–1545 Joachim II, Hektor … … son of Joachim I + Johann, the Wise … son of Joachim I; associated as margrave in Küstrin 1535–1571 Johann Georg … son of Joachim II Joachim Friedrich … son of Johann Georg Johann Sigismund Sigismund … son of of Joachim Joachim Friedrich; also duke duke of Prussia from 1618 1618 Georg Wilhelm … son of Johann Sigismund Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich III … son of Friedrich Wilhelm; king in Prussia 1701–1713 Kings in Prussia, Kings of Prussia, Prussia, also German Emperors Friedrich I … former former margrave margrave and elector of Brandenburg Brandenburg 1688–1701 1688–1701 Friedrich Wilhelm I … son of Friedrich I Friedrich II, the Great … … son of Friedrich Wilhelm I; king of Prussia Prussia 1772 Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm II … son son of August Wilhelm, Wilhelm, son of Friedrich Wilhelm I Friedrich Wilhelm III … son of Friedrich Wilhelm II Friedrich Wilhelm IV … son of Friedrich Wilhelm III Wilhelm I … son of Friedrich Wilhelm III; regent since since 1858; German emperor emperor 1871 1871 Friedrich III … son of Wilhelm I; also also German German emperor; 99 days Wilhelm II … son of Friedrich III; also German emperor; deposed, died died 1941 1941 (republic; to Germany 1918) Margraves of Brandenburg in Bayreuth and in Kulmbach (to the the Hohenzollern Hohenzollern burgraves of Nürnberg and electors of Brandenburg) Brandenburg) Johann, the Alchemist … … son of elector Friedrich I of Brandenburg Albrecht I, Achilles (of Brandenburg) … brother of Johann Sigismund … son of Albrecht I Friedrich I, the Old (of (of Ansbach) … son of Albrecht I + Kasimir … son of Friedrich I; associated in Kulmbach 1515–1527 Albrecht II, Alcibiades … son of Kasimir; associated in Kulmbach since 1527 Georg Friedrich … son of margrave margrave Georg of Ansbach, son of of Friedrich I Christian … son son of elector Johann Georg of Brandenburg Christian Ernst … son of Erdmann Erdmann August, son son of Christian Christian + Georg Albrecht … son of Christian; associated in Kulmbach 1655–1666 + Christian Heinrich … son of Georg Albrecht; associated in Kulmbach 1666–1708 Georg Wilhelm … son of Christian Ernst Georg Friedrich Friedrich Karl … son of Christian Christian Heinrich; Heinrich; associated associated in Kulmbach Kulmbach since since 1708 1708 Friedrich II … son of Georg Friedrich Karl Friedrich Christian … son of Christian Heinrich (to Brandenburg-Ansbach 1769, to Brandeburg-Prussia Brandeburg-Prussia 1791) Margraves of Brandenburg in Ansbach (to the the Hohenzollern Hohenzollern burgraves of Nürnberg Nürnberg and and electors of Brandenburg) Brandenburg) Friedrich I, the Old … … son of elector Albrecht I of Brandenburg


1536–1543 1543–1603 1543–1603 1603–1625 1603–1625 1625–1634 1625–1634 1634–1667 1634–1667 1667–1686 1667–1686 1686–1692 1686–1692 1692–1703 1692–1703 1703–1723 1703–1723 1723–1757 1723–1757 1757–1791 1757–1791

Georg, the Pious … son of Friedrich I Georg Friedrich I … son of Georg Joachim Ernst … son son of elector Johann Georg of Brandenburg Friedrich II … son of Joachim Ernst Albrecht … son of Joachim Ernst Johann Friedrich … son of Albrecht Christian Albrecht … son of Johann Friedrich Georg Friedrich II … son of Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Friedrich … son of Johann Friedrich Karl Wilhelm Friedrich … son of Wilhelm Friedrich Karl Alexander … son son of of Karl Karl Wilhelm Wilhelm Friedrich; abdicated, died 1806 1806 (to Brandenburg-Prussia 1791, to Bavaria 1807) BREISGAU (see Zähringen) BRUNSWICK-LÜNEBURG (BRAUNSCHWEIG-LÜNEBURG)

After Heinrich the Lion of Saxony was deposed as duke of Saxony and Bavaria in 1180, he retained possession of his personal estates and counties counties in Lower Saxony. Saxony. These lands were united in the hands hands of his grandson Otto the Child, who was was granted the title of duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1235. 1235. The inheritance was was divided and subdivided among numerous branches of the family, with the tendency to form two major lines centered on Brunswick and Wolfenbüttel Wolfenbüttel in one case and Lüneburg and Celle in the other. In 1692 the duke of Lüneburg became elector of Hanover (in 1714 this line came to the throne of Great Britain, and Hanover was promoted to kingom in 1814). The other major branch of the the dynasty retained the duchy duchy of Brunswick until until it became extinct in 1884 and was was eventually inherited by the then dispossessed dispossessed heir of Hanover. Both Hanover and Brunswick entered the German Empire in 1871. Counts in Lower Saxony Welf House of Este 1180–1195 1180–1195 1195–1227 1195–1227 & 1195–1218 1195–1218 & 1195–1213 1213–1235 1213–1235

1235–1252 1235–1252 1252–1267 1252–1267 & 1252–1267 1252–1267

Heinrich I, the Lion … son of duke Heinrich II of Saxony; Saxony 1142–1180 Heinrich II, the Tall … … son of Heinrich I; in Hanover Otto I … son of Heinrich Heinrich I; in Brunswick; Brunswick; German king 1198–1218 1198–1218 Wilhelm, the Old … … son of Heinrich I; in Lüneburg Otto II, the Child … … son of Wilhelm; duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1235–1252 1235–1252 Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg Otto I, the Child … … son of Wilhelm; former count in Lower Saxony 1213–1235 Albrecht I, the Great … … son of Otto I; to Brunswick 1267–1279 1267–1279 Johann … son of Otto I; to Lüneburg 1267–1277 1267–1277 (division into Brunswick and Lüneburg 1267)

Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Brunswick (Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel) Old Line of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Brunswick 1267–1279 1267–1279 Albrecht I, the Great … son of duke Otto I of Brunswick-Lüneburg; 1252–1267 1279–1286 Heinrich, the Singular … … son of Albrecht I; to Grubenhagen 1286–1322 1286–1322 & 1279–1292 1279–1292 Wilhelm … son son of Albrecht I; in in Wolfenbüttel 1292–1318 1292–1318 Abrecht II, the Fat … … son of Albrecht I; associated 1279; in Göttingen 1286 1318–1369 Magnus I, the Pious … son of Albrecht II


1369–1373 Magnus II, Torquatus … son of Magnus I; associated 1345 1373–1400 1373–1400 Friedrich … son of Magnus II 1400–1428 1400–1428 Bernhard … son of Magnus II; to Lüneburg 1428–1434 1428–1434 New Line of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Brunswick 1428–1482 1428–1482 Wilhelm I, the Victorious … son of duke Heinrich I of Lüneburg, son of Magnus II + Heinrich, the Pacific … … brother of Wilhelm I; associated 1428–1473 1482–1495 1482–1495 Wilhelm II, the Younger … … son of Wilhelm I; associated 1447; abdicated, died 1503 & 1482–1484 1482–1484 Friedrich, the Turbulent … … son of Wilhelm I; associated 1447; to Calenberg 1484–1485; died 1495 1495–1514 1495–1514 Heinrich I, the Elder … … son of Wilhelm II; associated 1491 1514–1568 1514–1568 Heinrich II, the Younger … … son of Heinrich I 1568–1589 1568–1589 Julius … son of Heinrich II 1589–1613 1589–1613 Heinrich Julius … son of Julius 1613–1634 1613–1634 Friedrich Ulrich … son of Heinrich Julius Line of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Dannenberg 1635–1666 August, the Younger … … son of duke Heinrich of Dannenberg 1666–1704 1666–1704 Rudolf August … son of August 1704–1714 1704–1714 Anton Ulrich … son of August; associated 1685 1714–1731 1714–1731 August Wilhelm … son of Anton Ulrich 1731–1735 1731–1735 Ludwig Rudolf … son of Anton Ulrich Line of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Bevern 1735 Ferdinand Albrecht II … son of duke duke Ferdinand Ferdinand Albrecht I of Bevern, son son of August 1735–1780 1735–1780 Karl I … son of Ferdinand Albrecht II 1780–1806 1780–1806 Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand … son of Karl I 1806–1807 1806–1807 Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand; deposed 1807–1813 (to Westphalia) Westphali a) 1813–1815 1813–1815 Friedrich Wilhelm … restored 1815–1830 1815–1830 Karl II … son of of Friedrich Friedrich Wilhelm; deposed, died 1873 1873 1830–1884 1830–1884 Wilhelm … son of Friedrich Wilhelm 1885–1906 1885–1906 (regency of Albrecht, son of Albrecht, Albrecht, son of king king Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia) 1907–1913 1907–1913 (regency of Johann Albrecht, son son of grand duke Friedrich Friedrich Franz Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin; Mecklenburg-Schwerin; resigned, died 1920) Line of Hanover 1913–1918 1913–1918 Ernst August … son of Ernst Ernst August, son of king Georg Georg V of Hanover; Hanover; deposed, died 1953 (republic; to Germany 1918) Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Lüneburg Old Line of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Lüneburg 1267–1277 1267–1277 Johann … son of duke Otto I of Brunswick-Lüneburg; Brunswick-Lüneburg; in Brunswick Brunswick 1252–1267 1252–1267 1277–1330 1277–1330 Otto II, the Severe … son of Johann 1330–1352 1330–1352 Otto III … son of Otto II & 1330–1369 1330–1369 Wilhelm … son of Otto II Ascanian House of Saxe-Wittenberg 1369–1385 1369–1385 Albrecht … adopted son of Wilhelm; Wilhelm; son of Otto Otto of of Saxe-Wittenberg Saxe-Wittenberg 18 by Elisabeth, daughter of Wilhelm 1385–1388 1385–1388 Wenzel … son of duke Rudolf I of Saxe-Wittenberg, Saxe-Wittenberg, father of Otto, father of Albrecht (above) (above) 18 Otto was the

son of duke Rudolf I of Saxe-Wittenberg.


Middle Line of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Lüneburg 1388–1409 1388–1409 Bernhard I … son of duke duke Magnus II of of Brunswick; Brunswick; abdicated & 1388–1416 1388–1416 Heinrich I, the Mild … … brother of Bernhard I 1416–1428 1416–1428 Wilhelm I, the Victorious … son of Heinrich I; to Calenberg 1432–1482 1432–1482 & 1416–1428 1416–1428 Heinrich II, the Younger … … son of Heinrich I; to Brunswick 1428–1473 1428–1434 1428–1434 Bernhard I … restored 1434–1441 1434–1441 Friedrich I, the Pious … son of Bernhard I; abdicated & 1434–1446 Otto I, the Lame … son of Bernhard I; associated 1428 1446–1457 1446–1457 Friedrich I, the Pious … restored; abdicated, died 1478 1457–1464 1457–1464 Bernhard II … son of Friedrich I & 1457–1471 1457–1471 Otto II, the Magnanimous … son of Friedrich I 1471–1520 1471–1520 Heinrich III, the Middle … son of Otto II; abdicated, died 1532 1520–1527 1520–1527 Otto III … son of Heinrich III; to Harburg 1527–1549 1527–1549 & 1520–1546 Ernst I, the Confessor … … son of Heinrich III & 1536–1539 Franz … son of Heinrich III; to Gifhorn 1539–1549 1546–1559 1546–1559 Franz Otto … son of Ernst I & 1546–1559 1546–1559 Heinrich IV … son of Ernst Ernst I; to Dannenberg Dannenberg 1559–15 1559–1598 98 1559–1592 Wilhelm II, the Pious … son of Ernst I; associated since 1546 1592–1611 1592–1611 Ernst II … son of Wilhelm II 1611–1633 1611–1633 Christian … son of Wilhelm II; associated 1592 1633–1636 August, the Elder … son of Wilhelm II; associated 1592 1636–1648 1636–1648 Friedrich II … son of Wilhelm II; associated associated 1592 New Line of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Lüneburg (Celle) 1648–1665 1648–1665 Christian Ludwig … son of duke Georg of of Calenberg, Calenberg, son of Wilhelm Wilhelm II 1665 Johann Friedrich … brother of Christian Ludwig; to Calenberg Calenberg 1665–1679 1665–1705 1665–1705 Georg Wilhelm … brother of Christian Ludwig (to Hanover 1705)

1286–1322 1286–1322 1322–1351 1322–1351 & 1322–1361 1322–1361

1361–1383 1361–1383

1383–1427 1383–1427 1427–1464 1427–1464 & 1427–1466 1427–1466 & 1427–1485 1427–1485 1464–1526 1464–1526 1485–1551 1485–1551 & 1485–1532 1485–1532

Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Grubenhagen Heinrich I, the Singular … son of duke Albrecht I of Brunswick; in Brunswick 1279–1286 1279–1286 Heinrich II, the Greek … son of Heinrich I Ernst I … son of Heinrich I; in Einbeck 1324 + Wilhelm … son of Heinrich I; associated 1322–1360; in Osterode and Herzberg 1324 + Johann … son of Heinrich I; associated 1322–1325; 1322–1325; abdicated, died 1367 + Otto I … son of Heinrich II; associated 1351–1376; 1351–1376; abdicated, died 1399 Albrecht II … son of Ernst I; in Salzderhelden + Johann … son of Ernst I; associated 1361–1364; abdicated, died 1401 + Ernst … son of Ernst I; associated 1361–1383; abdicated, died c .1401 .1401 + Friedrich … son of Ernst I; associated 1361–1421 1361–1421 in Osterode and Herzberg Erich I … son of Albrecht II; in Salzderhelden + Otto II … son of Friedrich; associated 1421–1452 in Osterode and Herzberg Heinrich III … son of Erich I Ernst II … son son of Erich I; in Einbeck Albrecht III … son of Erich I; in Osterode Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich III Philipp I … son of Albrecht III Erich II … son of Albrecht III; bishop of Padeborn and Osnabrück Osnabrück from 1508


1551–1567 1551–1567 1567–1595 1567–1595 1595–1596 1595–1596

1286–1318 1286–1318 1318–1344 1318–1344 & 1318–1367 1318–1367

1367–1394 1367–1394 1394–1442 1394–1442

Ernst III … son of Philipp I + Johann … son of Philipp I; associated 1551–1557 1551–1557 Wolfgang … son of Philipp I; associated 1551 Philipp II … son of Philipp I; associated associated 1551 (to Lüneburg 1596) Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Göttingen Albrecht II, the Fat … … son of duke Albrecht I of Brunswick; Brunswick 1279–1286 1279–1286 Otto I, the Liberal … … son of Albrecht II Ernst I … son of Albrecht II + Ernst II … son of Ernst I; associated 1355–1363 1355–1363 + Albrecht III … son of Ernst I; associated c .1360?–1363 .1360?–1363 Otto II, the Bad … … son of Ernst I Otto III, the One-Eyed … … son of Otto II; deposed, died 1463 (to Brunswick 1442, to Calenberg 1463)

Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Calenberg Line of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Calenberg 1432–1482 1432–1482 Wilhelm I, the Victorious … son of duke Heinrich I of Lüneburg; Lüneburg 1416–1428 1416–1428 1482–1484 1482–1484 Wilhelm II, the Younger … … son of Wilhelm I; associated 1447; abdicated 1484–1485 Friedrich, the Turbulent … … son of Wilhelm I; associated 1447; deposed, died 1495 1485–1495 1485–1495 Wilhelm II, the Younger … … restored; abdicated, died 1503 1495–1540 1495–1540 Erich I … son of Wilhelm II 1540–1584 1540–1584 Erich II … son of Erich I 1584–1635 1584–1635 (to Brunswick) New Line of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Calenberg 1635–1641 1635–1641 Georg … son of duke Wilhelm II of Lüneburg 1641–1648 1641–1648 Christian Ludwig … son son of Georg; Georg; to to Lüneburg Lüneburg (Celle) (Celle) 1648–1665 1648–1665 1668–1665 1668–1665 Georg Wilhelm … son son of Georg; to Lüneburg Lüneburg (Celle) 1665–1705 1665–1705 1665–1679 1665–1679 Johann Wilhelm … son son of of Georg; Georg; in in Lüneburg Lüneburg (Celle) 1665 1665 1679–1692 1679–1692 Ernst August … son of Georg; elector elector of of Hanover Hanover 1692–1698 1692–1698 (to Hanover 1692)

1527–1549 1527–1549 1549–1603 1549–1603 1603–1642 1603–1642 & 1603–1606 1603–1606 & 1603–1641 1603–1641

1527–1546 1527–1546 1546–1592 1592–1611 1592–1611 1611–1633 1611–1633 1633–1636 1636–1648 1636–1648

Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Harburg and Moisburg Otto I … son of duke duke Heinrich Heinrich III of Lüneburg; Lüneburg; Lüneburg Lüneburg 1520–1527 1520–1527 Otto II … son of Otto I Wilhelm August … son of Otto II Christoph … son of Otto II Otto III … son of Otto II (to Lüneburg 1642) Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Celle Ernst I, the Confessor … … son of duke Heinrich III of Lüneburg; Lüneburg 1520–1527 1520–1527 Wilhelm, the Pious … son of Ernst I Ernst II … son of Wilhelm Christian … son of Wilhelm; associated 1592 August … son of Wilhelm; associated 1592 Friedrich … son of Wilhelm; associated 1592


1648–1665 1648–1665 1665 1665–1705 1665–1705

1569–1598 1569–1598 1598–1636 1598–1636

1666–1687 1666–1687 1687–1735 1687–1735 & 1687–1746 1687–1746 1746–1781 1746–1781 1781–1807 1781–1807

Christian Ludwig … son of duke Georg of Calenberg, son of Wilhelm Wilhelm Johann Friedrich … brother of Christian Ludwig; to Calenberg Calenberg 1665–1679 Georg Wilhelm … brother of Christian Ludwig (to Hanover 1705) Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Dannenberg Heinrich … son of duke duke Ernst Ernst I of Lüneburg-Celle; Celle 1559–156 1559–15699 Julius Ernst … son of Heinrich (to Brunswick 1636) Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Bevern Ferdinand Albrecht I … son son of duke August of Brunswick Ferdinand Albrecht II … son of Ferdinand Ferdinand Albrecht I; to Brunswick 1735 Ernst Ferdinand … son of Ferdinand Albrecht I August Wilhelm … son of Ernst Ferdinand Friedrich Karl Karl Ferdinand … son son of Ernst Ferdinand; deposed, died 1809 1809 (to Westphalia 1807, to Brunswick 1813) CASTELL

Although lords and counts of Castell in Franconia are attested from the 11 th century, their chronology and genealogy remains very unclear until the early 13 th century. After several short-lived short-lived divisions divisions of the county, itit divided into two long-lasting lines, Remlingen Remlingen and Rüdenhausen, in 1597. In 1762 the line of Remlingen was inherited by its own offshoot, Castell-Castell. In 1803 Castell-Castell Castell-Castell also also inherited Rüdenhausen, Rüdenhausen, but immediately started a new line there. In 1806 the county of Castell was mediatized in favor favor of Bavaria. Counts of Castell House of Castell 1202–1223: 1202–1223: 1223:–:1240 & :1223–c .1231 .1231 :1240–1251: :1240–1251: & :1240–1254: :1240–1254: :1254: & :1254–1307 :1254–1307 & :1254–:1289 :1254–:1289 :1289–1349 :1289–1349 1307–1334 1307–1334 & 1307–:1331 1307–:1331 & 1307–1347: 1307–1347: 1349–1363 1349–1363 & 1349–c .1376 .1376 1363–1384 & 1363–1399 1363–1399 c .1376–1426 .1376–1426 1426–1479 1426–1479 & 1426–c .1431 .1431 1479–1498 1479–1498

Ruprecht I … count of Castell Ruprecht II … son of Ruprecht I Ludwig … son of Ruprecht I Friedrich II … son of Ruprecht II Heinrich I … son of Ruprecht II Friedrich III … son of Friedrich II Heinrich II … son of Friedrich II Hermann II … son of Friedrich II Friedrich IV … son of Hermann II Ruprecht III … son of Heinrich II Hermann III … son of Heinrich II Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II Hermann IV … son of Friedrich IV Friedrich VII … son of Friedrich IV Johann … son of Hermann IV Wilhelm I … son of Hermann IV Leonhard … son of Friedrich VII Wilhelm II … son of Leonhard Friedrich VIII … son of Leonhard Friedrich IX … son of Wilhelm II


1498–1506 1498–1506 & 1498–c .1500 .1500 & 1498–1546 1498–1546 1546–1577 1546–1577 & 1546–1595 1546–1595 & 1546–1597 1546–1597

1597–1631 1597–1631 1631–1668 1631–1668 1668–1709 1668–1709 & 1668–1717 1668–1717 1709–1743 1709–1743 1743–1762 1743–1762

1709–1735 1709–1735

1735–1773 1735–1773 1773–1806 1773–1806 & 1773–1803 1773–1803

1597–1635 1597–1635 1635–1653 1635–1653 1653–1681 1653–1681 1681–1749 1681–1749 1749–1803 1749–1803 1803–1806 1803–1806

Georg I … son of Friedrich IX Friedrich X … son of Friedrich IX Wolfgang I … son of Friedrich IX Konrad … son of Wolfgang I; in Castell Heinrich IV … son of Wolfgang Wolfgang I; in Remlingen Georg II … son of Wolfgang I; in Rüdenhausen (division into Remlingen and Rüdenhausen 1597) Counts of Castell in Remlingen Wolfgang II … son of count Georg II of Castell Wolfgang Georg I … son of Wolfgang II Wolfgang Dietrich … son of Wolfgang Georg I Friedrich Magnus … son of Wolfgang Dietrich Karl Friedrich Gottlieb … son of Wolfgang Dietrich Christian Adolf … son of Karl Friedrich Gottlieb (to Castell-Castell 1762) Counts of Castell in Castell Wolfgang Georg II … son of Wolfgang Dietrich; in in Castell Castell + August Franz Friedrich … son of Wolfgang Dietrich; associated in Castell 1809–1767 1809–1767 + Ludwig Friedrich … son of Wolfgang Dietrich; associated in Rehweiler 1709–1772 Christian Friedrich Friedrich Karl … son of Wolfgang Wolfgang Georg II; husband husband of Katharina Hedwig, daughter of Karl Friedrich Gottlieb of Remlingen Albrecht Friedrich Karl … son of of Christian Christian Friedrich Friedrich Karl; Karl; mediatized, mediatized, died 1810 Christian Friedrich … son of of Christian Christian Friedrich Karl; to Rüdenhausen 1803–1806 1803–1806 (to Bavaria 1806; largely to Württemberg 1810; to Bavaria 1815) Counts of Castell in Rüdenhausen Gottfried … son son of count Georg II of of Castell Georg Friedrich … son of Gottfried Philipp Gottfried … son of Georg Friedrich Johann Friedrich … son of Philipp Gottfried Friedrich Ludwig … son of Johann Friedrich Christian Friedrich … son of count count Christian Christian Friedrich Friedrich Karl of Castell-Castell; Castell-Castell; Castell Castell 1773–1803; mediatized, died 1850 (to Bavaria 1806; largely to Württemberg 1810; to Bavaria 1815) CHINY

The county of Chiny in Lower Lorraine formed out of the old county of Ivois (today Carignan, France) in the early 11th century. The county was situated between between the French-German frontier frontier and the county, later duchy of Luxembourg. Its capital shifted from Chiny (now in southeastern southeastern Belgium) to Montmédy (now in France) France) by 1285. The county passed from the House of Warcq to those of Looz, Sponheim, Sponheim, and and Oreye. Thierry of Sponheim-Heinsberg sold half of the county to Luxembourg in 1345, and the last count, Arnoul IV of Oreye, sold the remaining half to Luxembourg in 1364. 1364. From 1839, most of the old county of Chiny became became part of the Belgian province of Luxembourg; a portion, however, including Montmédy and called “Luxembourg français,” had become part of France in 1659.


Lords and Counts of Chiny House of Warcq 971–c .987 .987 c .987–1025 .987–1025 1025–:1066 1025–:1066 :1066–1106 :1066–1106 1106–1131 1106–1131 1131–1162 1131–1162 1162–1189 1162–1189 1189–1226 1226–1271 1226–1271 & 1226–1271 1226–1271 House of Looz 1271–1299 1271–1299 1299–1313 1299–1313 1313–1336 1313–1336 House of Sponheim 1336–1361 1336–1361 & 1336–1354: 1336–1354: 1361–1362 1361–1362 House of Oreye 1362–1364 1362–1364

Othon I … son of (?) count Albert Albert I of Vermandois; Vermandois; count count of of Ivois Louis I … son of Othon I Louis II … son of Louis I Arnoul I … son of Louis II Othon II … son of Arnoul I Albert … son of Othon II Louis III … son of Albert Louis IV, the Younger … … son of Louis III Jeanne … daughter of Louis IV Arnoul II … husband of Jeanne; Jeanne; son of count Gerard III of Looz-Rieneck; Looz-Rieneck; died 1272: Louis V … son son of Arnoul II and and Jeanne Arnoul III … son of count Jan of Looz, brother of Louis Louis V; abdicated, died died 1327 Louis VI … son of Arnoul III Thierry … son of count Gottfried Gottfried II of Heinsberg Heinsberg by Mathilde, daughter of Arnoul III Godefroy I … brother of Thierry Godefroy II … son of count Johann Johann I of Heinsberg, brother brother of Thierry; Thierry; sold county, county, died 1395 1395 Arnoul IV … son of Guillaume Guillaume of Rumigny by Jeanne, Jeanne, daughter daughter of Arnoul III; sold county; died 1373 (to Luxembourg 1364) CLEVES (KLEVE)

The beginnings of the county of Cleves in Lower Lorraine are imperfectly known, but the original line of counts became extinct in 1368, and the county was was inherited the House of Mark, which survived until 1609. By that time, a sequence of marriages and inheritances assembled most of the secular principalities of the Lower Rhine (Jülich, Cleves, Berg, Berg, and Mark) into a single single agglomeration agglomeration of territories. On the extinction of the House of Mark, these lands were contested between the Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate-Neuburg and the Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg. The Peace of Xanten in 1614 allotted Cleves and Mark to Brandenburg. Brandenburg. In 1801 the French occupied the part of Cleves situated west of the Rhine, another part was ceded to the Batavian Republic Republic in 1803, and the remainder to France in 1805. This last part was mostly included in the Grand Duchy of Berg (1806–1813). (1806–1813). The Congress of Vienna in 1815 returned returned all of Cleves to Prussia, except for the portion that had been ceded to the Batavian Republic in 1803, which has remained in the Netherlands. Counts of Cleves Antoing House of Cleves ?–:1092 Rütger II … son of count Rütger I :1092–1118: :1092–1118: Dietrich I … son of count Rütger II :1120–1147 :1120–1147 Arnold … son of Dietrich I 19 1147–1172 1147–1172 Dietrich II … son of Arnold 1172–1198: 1172–1198: Dietrich III … son of Dietrich II :1203–1260 :1203–1260 Dietrich IV, Nust … … son of Dietrich III 1260–1275 1260–1275 Dietrich V … son of Dietrich IV 19 Alternately

Arnold I may have been the brother of Dietrich I.


1275–1305 1275–1305 Dietrich VI … son of Dietrich V 1305–1310 Otto, the Peaceable … son of Dietrich VI 1310–1347 1310–1347 Dietrich VII … son of Dietrich VI 1347–1368 1347–1368 Johann … son of Dietrich VI Berg House of Mark-Altena 1368–1394 1368–1394 Adolf I … son of count Adolf II of Mark by Margarete, Margarete, daughter daughter of Dietrich Dietrich VII; bishop of Münster 1357–1363; bishop of Cologne 1363–1364 1394–1417 1394–1417 Adolf II … son of Adolf Adolf I; duke of Cleves 1417–1448 1417–1448

1417–1448 1448–1481 1481–1521 1521–1539 1539–1592 1592–1609

Dukes of Cleves Adolf … former count of Cleves 1394–1417 Johann I, the Wrangler … … son of Adolf Johann II, the Childmaker … … son of Johann I Johann III, the Peaceable … son of Johann II Wilhelm, the Rich … son of Johann III Johann Wilhelm … son of Wilhelm; bishop of Münster 1574–1585 (divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neurburg 1609; 1609; to Brandenburg 1614; to France 1801/1805; to Berg 1806; to Prussia 1815) COLLOREDO-MANNSFELD

According to tradition the barons of Colloredo originated in Swabia and settled in Friuli in the 11 th century. In 1588 the family was raised to the rank of imperial barons ( Freiherr ).). In the early 14th century the family possessions were divided into three lines. Two of these achieved comital status in the 1620s, but it was the third, imperial counts only in 1724, that eventually acquired princely princely rank in 1763. Franz Gundaker added the name of Mannsfeld, after inheriting the allodial estates of the princes of Mansfeld (note the different spelling) through marriage. In 1803–1804 1803–1804 he purchased portions of the immediate counties of Rieneck and LimpurgSpeckfeld. The brief period of sovereignty ended ended when the principality was mediatized mediatized in favor of Bavaria and and Regensburg in 1806. Counts and Princes of Colloredo, then Colloredo-Mannsfeld Coll oredo-Mannsfeld House of Colloredo 1711–1727 1711–1727 1727–1788 1727–1788 1788–1806 1788–1806

Hieronymus IV … son son of Ferdinand of Colloredo; Colloredo; Bohemian Bohemian count; imperial count count 1724 1724 Rudolf Joseph … son of Hieronymus IV; prince 1763 Franz Gundaker … son son of of Rudolf Rudolf Joseph; mediatized, died 1807 (Rieneck to Regensburg; Limpurg-Speckfeld to Bavaria 1806) CROŸ-DÜLMEN

The family of Croÿ in Hainault was descended, descended, according to tradition, from Hungarian Hungarian nobility. It was favored by the Valois dukes of Burgundy and their Habsburg heirs, but also secured the friendship of the kings of France. Having acquired possessions possessions in France, Germany, and the Low Countries, Countries, the family divided into two two main branches, those of Aerschot and Chimay, and subdivided subdivided into many more. The count of Chimay was the first to be promoted to imperial prince, in 1486, while the lords of Aerschot (also counts of Porcien) advanced to the rank of marquis and later duke in 1534. A member of this line, the count of Porcien, was promoted to prince in 1561. Among other members of this branch, the duke of Aerschot was invested as duke of Croÿ by the king of France in 1598, but the promotion of his uncle Charles-Philippe of Havré to imperial prince in 1594 was constitutionally constitutionally more significant. significant. Due to the successive extinctions of several several family branches in the male line, the titles of duke and prince of Croÿ migrated from one line to another, before being settled on the


line of Croÿ-Solre, the only one to survive into the mid-19th century. Losing their possessions possessions west of the Rhine Rhine to France by the Treaty of Lunéville in 1801, the princes of Croÿ received the immediate county of Dülmen as compensation in 1803. 1803. This principality was was mediatized in favor of Arenberg in 1806. Lords of Croÿ House of Croÿ c .1350–1384 .1350–1384 1384–1415 1384–1415 1415–1475

& 1415–1473 1415–1473 1475–1511 1475–1511 1511–1514 1511–1514 1514–1549 1514–1549 1549–1551 1549–1551 1551–1595 1551–1595 1595–1612 1595–1612

1354–1532 1354–1532 1532–1549 1532–1549 1549–1565 1549–1565 1565–1608 1565–1608 & c .1588–1590 .1588–1590 & 1592–1612 1592–1612 1612–1640 1612–1640 1640–1665 1640–1665 1665–1683 1665–1683 & 1665–1682 1665–1682

Guillaume … son of Jacques Jacques II of Croÿ; lord of Croÿ and and Renty Renty Jean I … son of Guillaume; purchased Chinay 1397 Antoine, the Great … … son of Guillaume; lord of Rœulx 1429, Aerschot 1431, Solre 1433, Porcien 1438; count of Porcien and Guînes 1455 Jean II … son of Guillaume; Guillaume; to Chimay Chimay 1473 Philippe I … son of Antoine Henri … son of Philippe I + Guillaume … son of Philippe I; marquis of Aerschot 1518–1521 Philippe II … son of Henri; Henri; marquis of Renty 1532, duke of Aerschot 1534; 1534; inherited inherited Chimay 1539 Charles I … son of Philippe II Philippe III … son of Philippe II Charles II … son son of of Philippe Philippe III; duke duke of Croÿ 1598 20 (to Croÿ-Havré 1612 ) Lords and Margraves of Croÿ in Renty (to Croÿ) Philippe II … son of Henri of Croÿ-Aerschot; Croÿ-Aerschot; marquis 1532 Guillaume … son of Philippe II Anne … daughter of Guillaume Emmanuel-Philibert Emmanuel-Philibert of Lalaing … married Anne; son of count count Charles II of Lalaing Philippe III of Croÿ … married Anne; son of Jacques Jacques of Croÿ-Sempy Charles-Philippe … son of Philippe III and Anne Philippe-Eugène … son son of Charles-Philippe; bishop of Valencia Marie-Ferdinande … daughter of Charles-Philippe Philippe-Louis of Egmond Egmond … husband husband of Marie Ferdinande; Ferdinande; son son of count Lodewijk Lodewijk of Egmond, son of count Jan IV, son of count Jan III, son of Willem of Egmond, brother of duke Arnold of Guelders (to the House of Egmond 1683)

Princes and Dukes of Croÿ in Havré First Line of Croÿ-Havré 1574–1613 1574–1613 Charles-Philippe … posthumous posthumous son of of duke Philippe II of Croÿ-Aerschot; marquis of Havré; prince of Croÿ 1594 1613–1624 1613–1624 Charles-Alexandre … son of Charles-Philippe; Charles-Philippe; inherited the duchy of Croÿ 1613 Ernest … son of Charles-Philippe; to Fénétrange 1613–1620 1624–1684 1624–1684 Ernest-Bogislav … son of Ernest; in Fénétrange since 1620; 1620; bishop of Cammin Cammin (duchy of Croÿ to Croÿ-Rœulx 1684)

20 On

Charles II’s death Aerschot and Chimay were inherited by his sister Anne and her husband, prince Karl of Arenberg.


Second Line of Croÿ-Havré 1627–1664 1627–1664 Marie-Claire … daughter daughter of Charles Charles Alexandre; duchess of Havré 1627 & 1627–1640 1627–1640 Charles-Philippe of Croÿ … married Marie-Claire; son of of count Philippe of Croÿ-Solre Croÿ-Solre & 1643–1650 1643–1650 Philippe-François Philippe-François of Croÿ … married married Marie-Claire; Marie-Claire; brother of Charles-Philippe Charles-Philippe 1650–1694 1650–1694 Ferdinand-François-Joseph Ferdinand-François-Joseph … son of Philippe-François and Marie-Claire 1694–1710 1694–1710 Charles-Antoine-Joseph Charles-Antoine-Joseph … son of Ferdinand-François-Joseph Ferdinand-François-Joseph 1710–1737 1710–1737 Jean-Baptiste … son of Ferdinand-François-Joseph Ferdinand-François-Joseph 1737–1761 1737–1761 Louis-Ferdinand-Joseph Louis-Ferdinand-Joseph … son of Jean-Baptiste 1761–1794 1761–1794 Joseph-Anne … son of Louis-Ferdinand-Joseph; Louis-Ferdinand-Joseph; mediatized, died 1839 (to France 1794; to the Netherlands 1815; to Belgium 1831)

1438–1514 1438–1514 1514–1556 1514–1556 1556–1567 1556–1567 1567–1595 1567–1595 1595–1608 1595–1608

1475–1505 1475–1505 1505–1524 1505–1524 1524–1553 1524–1553 1553–1581 1553–1581 1581–1585 1581–1585 1585–1607 1585–1607 1607–1609 1607–1609 1609–1636 1609–1636 & 1609–1610 1609–1610 1636–1673 1636–1673 1673–1720 1673–1720 1720–1767 1720–1767

1664–1685 1664–1685 1685–1694 1685–1694

1473 1473–1482 1473–1482 1482–1527 1482–1527 1527–1539 1527–1539 & 1527–1539 1527–1539

Counts and Princes of Croÿ in Porcien (to the lords of Croÿ-Aerschot) Charles I … son of Henri of Croÿ-Aerschot Antoine … son of Charles I; prince 1561 Philippe … son of duke Philippe II of Aerschot, brother brother of Charles Charles II … son of Philippe III; abdicated, died 1612 (to Nevers 1608) Lords and Counts of Croÿ in Rœulx, Dukes of Croÿ Jean III … son of Antoine of Croÿ-Aerschot Ferry … son of Jean III Jean … son of Jean III; to Crésèques 1505–1524 1505–1524 Adrien … son of Ferry; count 1530 Jean IV … son of Adrien Eustache I … son of Adrien Gérard … son of Adrien Eustache II … son of of Jean of Crésèques; in Crésèques Crésèques since since 1524 1524 Claude … son of Eustache II François … son of Eustache Eustache II; to Megen 1610–1619 1610–1619 (line extinct 1674) 1674) Eustache III … son of Claude; prince 1664? Ferdinand-Gaston-Lamoral Ferdinand-Gaston-Lamoral … son of Eustache Eustache III; inherited duchy of Croÿ 1684 1684 Ferdinand-Gaston-Joseph Ferdinand-Gaston-Joseph … son son of Philippe-François, Philippe-François, son of Ferdinand-Gaston Ferdinand-Gaston-Lamoral -Lamoral (to Croÿ-Solre 1767) Princes of Croÿ in Millendonck Jacques-Philippe … son of count Claude of Croÿ-Rœulx Charles-Eugène … son of Jacques-Philippe; Jacques-Philippe; abdicated, abdicated, died 1702 (to Berlepsch 1694; to France 1794; to Prussia 1813; to Germany 1918) 1918) Counts and Princes of Croÿ in Chimay Jean II … son of Jean I of Croÿ Philippe I … son of Jean II Michel … son of Jean II; to Sempy 1473–1516 Charles I … son of Philippe I; prince 1486 Anne I … daughter of Charles I Philippe II … husband of Anne I; son of Henri of Croÿ-Aerschot; Croÿ-Aerschot; died 1549


1539–1551 1539–1551 Charles II … son son of of Philippe Philippe II and and Anne Anne I; also Aerschot 1551–1595 1551–1595 Philippe III … son of of Philippe Philippe II and Anne Anne I; also Aerschot Aerschot and and Porcien Porcien 1595–1612 1595–1612 Charles III … son son of Philippe III; also Aerschot and Porcien 1612–1613 1612–1613 Anne II … daughter of Philippe III; abdicated; abdicated; Aerschot Aerschot 1612–1635 1612–1635 & 1612–1613 1612–1613 Charles IV … husband of Anne; son of count Johann Johann III of Ligne; Ligne 1586–1616 1586–1616 Ligne House of Arenberg 1613–1629 1613–1629 Alexandre … son of Charles II and Anne II 1629–1643 1629–1643 Albert … son of Alexandre 1643–1675 1643–1675 Philippe IV … son of Alexandre 1675–1686 1675–1686 Ernest-Alexandre-Dominique Ernest-Alexandre-Dominique … son of Philippe IV House of Hénin-Liétard 1686–1688 1686–1688 Philippe-Louis … son of count count Eugène Eugène of Boussu by Anne, Anne, daughter daughter of Alexandre 1688–1737 1688–1737 Charles-Louis-Antoine Charles-Louis-Antoine … son of Philippe Philippe Louis; abdicated, died 1740 1740 & 1688–1745 1688–1745 Alexandre-Gabriel-Joseph Alexandre-Gabriel-Joseph … son of of Philippe-Louis; Philippe-Louis; confirmed as prince prince 1735 1735 1745–1759 1745–1759 Thomas-Alexandre-Marc-Michel Thomas-Alexandre-Marc-Michel … son of Alexandre-Gabriel-Joseph Alexandre-Gabriel-Joseph 1759–1761 1759–1761 Thomas-Alexandre-Marc-Maurice Thomas-Alexandre-Marc-Maurice … son of Thomas-Alexandre-Marc-Michel Thomas-Alexandre-Marc-Michel 1761–1794 1761–1794 Philippe-Gabriel … son of Alexandre-Gabriel-Joseph; Alexandre-Gabriel-Joseph; deposed, died 1804 (to France 1794; to the Netherlands 1815; to Belgium 1831) Lords of Croÿ in Sempy, Counts and Princes of Solre, Princes and and Dukes of Croÿ House of Croÿ 1482–1546 1482–1546 1546–1587 1546–1587 1587–1612 1587–1612 1612–1640

1640–1670 1640–1670 1670–1718 1670–1718 1718–1723 1718–1723 1723–1784 1723–1784 1784–1803 1784–1803 1803–1806 1803–1806

Antoine … son son of count Philippe I of Chimay Jacques … son of Antoine Philippe … son of Jacques; count of Solre 1590 Jean … son of Philippe Charles-Philippe … son of Philippe; to Renty 1612–1640 (line extinct 1665) Philippe-François Philippe-François … son of Philippe; to Havré 1643–1650 (line continued) Philippe-Emmanuel-Antoine Philippe-Emmanuel-Antoine … son of Jean Philippe-Emmanuel-Ferdinand Philippe-Emmanuel-Ferdinand … son of Philippe-Emmanu Philippe-Emmanuel-Antoine; el-Antoine; prince of Solre 1677 1677 Balthasar-Charles Balthasar-Charles … son of Philippe-Emmanuel-Antoine; Philippe-Emmanuel-Antoine; to Molembais 1670–1704 (line extinct 1764) Philippe-Alexandre-Emmanuel Philippe-Alexandre-Emmanuel … son of Philippe-Emmanuel-Ferdinand Philippe-Emmanuel-Ferdinand Emmanuel … son of Philippe-Alexandre-Em Philippe-Alexandre-Emmanuel; manuel; prince prince 1742; 1742; inherited duchy of Croÿ 1767 1767 Anne-Emmanuel Anne-Emmanuel … son of Emmanuel Auguste … son of of Anne-Emmanuel; Anne-Emmanuel; count of of Dülmen 1803; mediatized, died 1822 1822 (to Arenberg 1806) DALBERG

Following the advance of the French, Karl Theodor of Dalberg, archibishop and elector of Mainz, lost his lands west of the Rhine to France by the Treaty of Lunéville in 1801. Like others in this predicament, he was compensated with new lands in 1803, including the principalities of Regensburg and Aschaffenburg and the county of Wetzlar. In 1806 he acquired Frankfurt, Frankfurt, and became its grand duke in 1810 1810 (turning over the principlaity but not the archbishopric of Regensburg to Bavaria). Bavaria). With the collapse of the Napoleonic order in Germany in 1813 he abdicated (except as archbishop) in favor of Napoléon’s stepson Eugène de Beauharnais, but the latter was unable to take possession.


Prince of Regensburg, then Grand Duke of Frankfurt House of Dalberg 1803–1813 1803–1813

Karl Theodor Theodor … son son of Franz Heinrich Heinrich of Dalberg; archbishop/elector archbishop/elector of Mainz, Mainz, bishop of Worms; Worms; prince of Regensburg Regensburg 1803–1810; 1803–1810; grand duke of Frankfurt Frankfurt 1810; abdicated, abdicated, died 1817 1817 (Regensburg to Bavaria 1810; remainder divided between Bavaria and Hesse 1814) DIETRICHSTEIN

A noble of Carinthian descent, Sigismund of Dietrichstein, was created baron in 1514 by his father-in-law, the emperor Maximilian I. His son Adam was invested with the Moravian lordship of Nikolsburg (Mikulov) in 1575. Adam’s son, bishop Franz Seraph Seraph of Olomouc, was created imperial imperial prince in 1622, a title title made hereditary for his nephew Maximilian in 1631. In 1684 Ferdinand Joseph was created imperial count of Tarasp, which gave the family a place among the secular princes of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1803 the prince of Dietrichstein was compelled compelled to cede Tarasp to Switzerland, Switzerland, and was compensated with with Neu Ravensburg. In 1806 the family was mediatized and its possessions passed to Württemberg. Counts and Princes of Dietrichstein House of Dietrichstein 1575–1590 1575–1590 Adam … son of of Sigismund Sigismund of Dietrichstein-Hollenburg Dietrichstein-Hollenburg by Barbara, bastard daughter of of emperor Maximilian I 1590–1602 1590–1602 Sigismund … son of Adam; count 1600 1602–1609 1602–1609 Johann Adam … son of Sigismund 1602–1655 1602–1655 Maximilian … son of Sigismund; imperial count 1612; prince 1631 1655–1698 1655–1698 Ferdinand Joseph … son son of of Maximilian; Maximilian; count of Tarasp Tarasp 1684 1698–1708 1698–1708 Leopold Ignaz Joseph … son of Ferdinand Joseph 1708–1738 1708–1738 Walther Xaver … son of Ferdinand Joseph 1738–1782 1738–1782 Karl Maximilian … son of Walther Xaver; abdicated, died 1784 1784 1782–1806 1782–1806 Karl … son son of Karl Karl Maximilian; Maximilian; exchanged Tarasp for for Neu Ravensberg Ravensberg 1803; 1803; mediatized, died 1808 (Neu Ravensberg to Württemberg 1806)

EGGENBERG

An Austrian merchant family from Graz, the Eggenbergs served the Habsburgs since the mid-15 th century, and weathered the occupation of the eastern Austrian lands by the Hungarian king Mátyás in the 1480s. In 1598 Johann Ulrich (Hans Ulrich) was made imperial baron ( Freiherr ) and in 1623 he was promoted to imperial count, being further rewarded with with the title duke of Krumau in 1628. His son purchased the princely county county of Gradisca in Friuli in 1647. On the extinction of the male line of princes in 1717, 1717, Gradisca returned to Austria, while the allodial estates were inherited inherited by the Houses Houses of Schwarzenberg Schwarzenberg and Herberstein. Herberstein. Barons and Princes of Eggenberg Princes of Eggenberg 1598–1634 1598–1634 1634–1649 1634–1649 1649–1710 1649–1710 & 1649–1713 1713–1716 1713–1716 1716–1717 1716–1717

Johann Ulrich … son of Seyfried of Eggenberg; prince prince 1623, 1623, duke of Krumau 1628 Johann Anton I … son of Johann Johann Ulrich; princely princely count count of Gradisca 1647 Johann Christian I … son of Johann Anton I Johann Seyfried … son of Johann Anton I Johann Anton II … son of Johann Seyfried Johann Christian II … son of Johann Anton II


1717–1774 1717–1774

Maria Anna … daughter daughter of of Johann Johann Anton II; only only in Eggenberg (Gradisca to Austria, Krumau to Schwarzenberg 1717, Eggenberg to Herberstein 1774 21) ERBACH

The lords of Erbach in Franconia served as ministeriales and cupbearers ( Schenken) of the elector Palatine, reflected in the later later family name, name, Schenk von Erbach. In c .1270 .1270 the family divided into three lines, of which only one survived into the 1530s. 1530s. The head of that line, Eberhard XI, XI, was raised to imperial count in 1532; 1532; he and his descendants Georg III and Georg Albrecht I were the only members of the family to reunite, however briefly, all the family family lands. After further divisions divisions in the 17th century, there appeared three lines that survived until the end of the Holy Roman Roman Empire in 1806: 1806: Fürstenau, Erbach, Erbach, and Schönberg. The county was mediatized in favor of Hesse-Darmstadt Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806. Counts of Erbach House of Erbach 1481–1539 1481–1539 & 1539–1569 1539–1569 & 1539–1564 1539–1564 & 1539–1563 1539–1563 1564–1605 1564–1605 1605–1618 1605–1618 & 1605–1643 1605–1643 & 1605–1627 1605–1627 & 1605–1647 1605–1647 1647–1669 1647–1669 & 1647–1653 1647–1653 & 1647–1693 1647–1693 & 1647–1678 1647–1678 & 1647–1717 1647–1717 1693–1720 1693–1720 & 1693–1704 1693–1704 & 1693–1731 1693–1731

1717–1736 1717–1736 1736–1742 1736–1742 & 1736–1794 1736–1794 & 1736–1778 1736–1778 1778–1784 1778–1784 1784–1803 1784–1803 1803–1806 1803–1806

Eberhard XI … son of of Georg Georg I of Erbach; Erbach; count count 1532 Georg II … son of Eberhard XI; in Michelstadt Eberhard XII … son of Eberhard XI; in Erbach Valentin II … son of Eberhard XI; in Schönberg Georg III … son son of Eberhard XII; all Erbach 1569 Friedrich Magnus Magnus … son of Georg III; in Fürstenau 1606 Ludwig I … son of Georg III; in Erbach 1606 Johann Kasimir … son son of of Georg Georg III; in Breuberg 1606 Georg Albrecht I … son of of Georg III; in Schönberg 1606; 1606; all all Erbach 1643 Georg Ernst … son of Georg Albrecht I; in Wildenstein Georg Friedrich … son of Georg Georg Albrecht Albrecht I; in Breuberg Breuberg Georg Ludwig Ludwig I … son of Georg Albrecht I; in Erbach; Erbach; Wildenstein Wildenstein 1672; 1672; Breuberg 1678 Georg IV … son of Georg Georg Albrecht I; in Fürstenau; Breuberg 1672 Georg Albrecht II … son son of Georg Albrecht Albrecht I; in Schönberg 1672; 1672; Fürstenau Fürstenau 1678 1678 Philipp Ludwig … son of Georg Ludwig Ludwig I; in Erbach Karl Albrecht Ludwig … son of of Georg Georg Ludwig Ludwig I; in Erbach Friedrich Karl … son son of Georg Georg Ludwig Ludwig I; in Erbach (division into Fürstenau, Erbach, and Schönberg 1717) Counts of Erbach in Fürstenau Philipp Karl … son son of count Georg Albrecht II of Erbach Erbach Johann Wilhelm … son of Philipp Karl Ludwig Friedrich … son of Philipp Karl Georg Albrecht III … son of Philipp Karl Friedrich August … son of Georg Albrecht III Christian Karl … son of Georg Albrecht III Albrecht August August Ludwig Ludwig … son of Christian Karl; mediatized, mediatized, died 1851 1851 (to Hesse-Darmstadt 1806)

21 Krumau passed to Johann Christian I’s widow Maria Ernestina, daughter of prince Johann Adolf

I of Schwarzenberg; Eggenberg passed to Maria Anna’s husband count Johann Leopold Franz of Herberstein.


1717–1757 1717–1757 1757–1803 1757–1803

Counts of Erbach in Erbach Georg Wilhelm Wilhelm … son of count Georg Georg Albrecht II of Erbach; in Breuberg; Erbach 1747 Franz … son of Georg Wilhelm; mediatized, died 1823 (to Hesse-Darmstadt 1806)

1717–1758 1717–1758 1758–1777 1758–1777 1777–1788 1777–1788 1788–1799 1788–1799 1799–1806 1799–1806

Counts of Erbach in Schönberg Georg August August … son of count count Georg Albrecht II of Erbach Georg Ludwig II … son of Georg August Franz Karl … son of Georg August Christian … son of Georg August Karl … son of Georg August; mediatized, died 1816 (to Hesse-Darmstadt 1806) ESZTERHÁZY-GALÁNTHA

Miklós (Nikolaus) of Eszterházy-Galántha, Eszterházy-Galántha, the baron of Fraknó (Forchtenstein, now in Austria) and palatine of Hungary, was promoted to count in 1626. 1626. His second son, Paul I, also palatine of Hungary, Hungary, was promoted to prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1687. Patrons of the arts, the princes flourished in the next century. In 1804 Nikolaus II purchased the immediate immediate county of Edelstetten from the prince of Ligne. Only two years later the principality was mediatized mediatized in favor of Bavaria. The list includes only the princely line of the family. Princes of Eszterházy of Galántha House of Eszterházy 1652–1713 1652–1713 1713–1721 1713–1721 1721 1721–1762 1721–1762 1762–1790 1790–1794 1790–1794 1794–1806 1794–1806

Paul I … son of count Nikolaus; prince 1687 Michael … son of Paul I Joseph … son of Paul I Paul II … son of Joseph Nikolaus I … son of Joseph Anton … son of Nikolaus I Nikolaus II … son of Anton; mediatized, died 1833 (to Bavaria 1806) FRANCONIA (FRANKEN)

One of the tribal duchies that made up the German kingdom at the beginning of the 10 th century, Franconia produced the first non-Carolingian non-Carolingian king of the East Franks in 911. However, the defeat and death of duke Eberhard at the hands of king Otto I in 939 resulted resulted in the premature suspension of of ducal authority. Franconia came nominally under the direct authority of the king and experienced a gradual but complete disintegration as a political unit, as was later the case case with neighboring Swabia to the south. south. Actual power passed to the regional counts and bishops, chief among whom were the Salian counts of Wormsgau in western Franconia (Rheinfranken) and and the bishops of Würzburg in eastern Franconia (Ostfranken). The Salians and their Hohenstaufen successors were so influential in western Franconia, that they were informally described as its dukes in some of the sources. In spite of this, and although Frankfurt in Franconia Franconia served in some ways as the capital of the Empire, the potential of converting Franconia into a royal domain was never realized and most royal estates in the region were turned over to the counts Palatine Palatine on the Rhine. The bishops of Würzburg, on the other hand, were formally granted ducal authority over eastern Franconia in 1168, and continued to claim this title (more formally from the reign of bishop Johann II, 1411–1440) until the bishopric was secularized in 1802. The remainder of the the duchy disintegrated into into smaller polities. polities. During the Thirty Years Years War the Swedes installed Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar as duke of Franconia, but he was deposed within a year (1733–1734). (1733–1734).


Dukes of Franconia Conradine House of Franconia 892/903–906 892/903–906 Konrad I, the Elder … … son of (?) count Udo of Lahngau; count (with ducal rights) in Franconia 906–918 Konrad II … son of Konrad I; duke 906; German king 911–918 918–939 Eberhard … son of Konrad I (to the German kingdom 939; disintegration of the duchy 22) Counts in West Franconia Liudolfing House of Saxony 940 Heinrich I (of Bavaria) Bavaria) … son of of king Heinrich I of Germany; Germany; deposed, died 955 Salian House of Franconia 940–955 Konrad I, the Red … … son of count Werner of Wormsgau and Speyergau 955–985 Otto … son of Konrad I; deposed Liudolfing House of Saxony 985–995 Heinrich II (of Bavaria) … son of Heinrich I Salian House of Franconia 995–1004 Otto … restored 1004–1011 1004–1011 Konrad II … son of Otto 1011–1030 1011–1030 Konrad III … son of Konrad II; abdicated, abdicated, died 1039 1030–1039 1030–1039 Konrad IV IV … son son of count Heinrich Heinrich of Speyer, son of Otto; German king king 1024–1039 1024–1039 1039–1056 1039–1056 Heinrich III, the Black … son of Konrad IV; German king 1039–1056 1056–1076 1056–1076 Heinrich IV … son of of Heinrich Heinrich III; German king 1056–1105, 1056–1105, died 1106 1076–1093 1076–1093 Konrad V … son of Heinrich Heinrich IV; deposed, deposed, died died 1101 1101 Hohenstaufen House of Swabia 1093–1105 1093–1105 Friedrich I (of Swabia) Swabia) … husband of Agnes, daughter of Heinrich IV; son of count Friedrich of Büren 1105–1147 1105–1147 Friedrich II, the One-Eyed (of (of Swabia) … son of Friedrich I 1147–1156 1147–1156 Friedrich III, Barbarossa … son of Friedrich II; German king 1152–1190 1156–1195 1156–1195 Konrad VI … son of Friedrich II (to the Empire 1195; continued disintegration of the duchy) Dukes in East Franconia (Rothenburg) Hohenstaufen House of Swabia 1116–1152 1116–1152 Konrad I … son of duke Friedrich I of Swabia Swabia by Agnes, daughter daughter of emperor Heinrich Heinrich IV; German king 1138–1152 1152–1167 Friedrich, of Rothenburg … … son of Konrad I 1168–1188 1168–1188 (to the bishops of Würzburg) 1188–1196 1188–1196 Konrad II … son of emperor Friedrich I, son of duke Friedrich II of Swabia, Swabia, brother of of Konrad I 1196–1198 Philipp, of Swabia … brother of Konrad II; German king 1198–1208 (to the bishops of Würzburg c .1198) .1198)

22 West Franconia dominated by the Salian and Hohenstaufen comital families (as listed below), but

much of the lands given to the count palatine of the Rhine in 1093; East Franconia was given to the bishop of Würzburg.


Duke of Franconia Wettin House of Saxe-Weimar 1633–1634 1633–1634 Bernhard … son of duke Johann of Saxe-Weimar; Saxe-Weimar; deposed, died died 1639 1639 (to the bishops of Würzburg 1634) FRISIA (FRIESLAND)

The Frisians between the mouths of the Rhine and the Weser, were originally independent, under their dukes or kings Aldegisel (654–680), (654–680), Radbod (680–719), and Poppo Poppo (719–734). (719–734). In 734 Karl Martel annexed Frisia to the Frankish kingdom. In the 9 th century the area was exposed to Viking raids, some Viking chieftains allowed to settle there, as vassals of Carolingian Carolingian kings. In 885 count Eberhard of Hamaland Hamaland was invested as duke of Frisia, but ducal authority lapsed after 939. Subsequently authority as counts and margraves margraves in Frisia was given to a branch of the Billungs of Saxony and then to the Brunonids of Brunswick. After a brief dispossession in favor of the bishop of Utrecht, the Brunonids were inherited by Heinrich I of Northeim, whose daughter brought Frisia to the future emperor Lothar II. Their daughter’s marriage to the Welf duke Heinrich II of Saxony brought Frisia to the Welf rulers of future Brunswick-Lüneburg. Brunswick-Lüneburg. By this time actual authority over Frisia had become dissipated and divided: local communities and nobles had become effectively autonomous, West Frisia was governed by the counts of Holland, while East Frisia gradually came under the control of the neighboring bishops (for its later l ater history as a distinct principality, see Ostfriesland). Dukes of Frisia Danish House 841–873: Rörik 882–885 Gottfried … husband husband of Gisela, daughter of of kign Lothar II of Lorraine Saxon House of Hamaland 885–898 Eberhard … son of count Meginhard 898–c .915 .915 Meginhard I … brother of Eberhard c .915–939 .915–939 Meginhard II … son of Eberhard; deposed, died c .955 .955

Counts and margraves in Frisia Saxon House of Billung :953–994 Ekbert I, the One-eyed … … son of count Ekbraht, son of count Wichmann, brother of duke Hermann of Saxony 994–1016 Wichmann … son of Ekbert I 1016–1028 1016–1028 Ekbert II … son of Ekbert I; replaced, died 1042 Brunonid House of Brunswick 1028–1038 1028–1038 Liudolf … husband of of Gertrud, daughter of Ekbert II; son of count Bruno Bruno I of of Brunswick Brunswick 1038–1057 1038–1057 Bruno … son of Liudolf 1057–1068 1057–1068 Ekbert III … son of Liudolf 1068–1089 1068–1089 Ekbert IV … son of Ekbert III; deposed, died 1090 1089–1099 1089–1099 (to Konrad, bishop of Utrecht) House of Northeim 1099–1101 Heinrich, the Fat … … husband of Gertrud, daughter of Ekbert III; son of count Otto I of Northeim House of Supplinburg 1101–1137 1101–1137 Lothar … husband of Richenza, Richenza, daugher daugher of Heinrich; son of count count Gebhard Gebhard of Supplinburg; German king 1125–1137 1125–1137 (union with Northeim 1117)


FUGGER-BABENHAUSEN

The Fugger bankers of Augsburg established a beneficial relationship with the Habsburgs and acquired significant economic economic and political power. In 1530 the emperor Karl V invested invested the brothers Raymund and and Anton Fugger as counts of Kirchberg-Weissenhorn. Kirchberg-Weissenhorn. The two lines established by the brothers subdivided subdivided into many branches. One of Anton’s descendants, Anselm Maria of Babenhausen, Babenhausen, was promoted to prince in 1803. In 1806, however, the principality principality was mediatized mediatized in favor of Bavaria. Only that branch of the family which which attained princely status is included in the list. Counts and Princes of Fugger in Babenhausen House of Fugger 1598–1633 1598–1633 1633–1668 1668–1671 1668–1671 1671–1696 1671–1696 1696–1724 1696–1724 1724–1758 1724–1758 1758–1759 1759–1793

1793–1806 1793–1806

Johann … son of count count Jakob Jakob of of Wöllenburg, Wöllenburg, son of count count Anton Anton Johann Franz … son of Johann Ferdinand Dominicus … son of Johann Franz Siegmund Joseph … son of Johann Franz Ruprecht Joseph Joseph Anton Anton … son of of Johann Johann Rudolf, Rudolf, son of Johann Johann Franz Franz Karl … son of Ruprecht Joseph Anton Johann Jakob … son of Johann Rudolf Anselm Viktorian … son of Johann Jakob Christoph Moritz … son of Johann Jakob; to Boos 1759–1777 Anselm Maria … son of of Anselm Viktorian; prince 1803; 1803; mediatized, died 1821 1821 (to Bavaria 1821) FÜRSTENBERG

The medieval counts counts of Fürstenberg were were descended from those of of Urach-Freiburg. The family repeatedly repeatedly subdivided into several short-lived short-lived lines, but its possessions were reunited by count Friedrich II in 1549. On his death in 1559, however, Fürstenberg was divided among his three sons, and subdivided further between branches of the family. Ernst Egon’s sons Franz Egon Egon and Wilhelm Egon held the bishopric of Strasbourg Strasbourg between 1663 and 1704. In 1664 their brother Hermann Hermann Egon of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was promoted to imperial imperial prince. On his son’s death in 1716, these lands and the princely title were shared by the surviving lines of FürstenbergMeßkirch and Fürstenberg-Stühlingen, until 1744, when Joseph Wilhelm Ernst of Fürstenberg-Stühlingen reunited the Fürstenberg lands for the first time since 1559. His descendants continued continued to rule the principality until 1806, when it was mediatized. mediatized. Most of Fürstenberg was turned over to Bade, with with smaller portions given to Württemberg and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. Only those lines of the House of Fürstenberg that achieved achieved princely status are covered in the the list below. Counts of Fürstenberg Urach House of Fürstenberg c .1250–1284 .1250–1284 Heinrich I … son of count count Egino II of Urach; landgrave landgrave of of Baar 1283 1284–1296 1284–1296 Friedrich I … son of Heinrich I Egino I … son of Heinrich I; to Haslach 1284–1324 (line extinct 1386) 1296–1337 1296–1337 Heinrich II … son of Friedrich I 1337–1370 1337–1370 Konrad I … son of Heinrich II & 1337–1365 1337–1365 Johann II … son of Heinrich II; in in Wolfach & 1337–1367 1337–1367 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II; in Baar 1367–1408 1367–1408 Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich III; inherited inherited Haslach Haslach 1386 1365–1370: 1365–1370: Hugo II … son of Johann II 1408–1441 1408–1441 Heinrich V … son of Heinrich IV


& 1408–1419 1408–1419 & 1408–1449 1408–1449 1419–1490 1419–1490 1441–1443 1441–1443 & 1441–1484 1441–1484 1443 & 1443–1483 1443–1483 1484–1499 1484–1499 & 1484–1509 1509–1559 1509–1559 & 1509–1549 1509–1549

1559–1598 1559–1598 1598–1617 1598–1617 1617–1618 1617–1618 & 1617–1635 1617–1635 1635–1653 1635–1653 & 1635–1674 1674–1716

1559 1559–1599 1559–1599 1599–1614 1599–1614 & 1599–1609 1599–1609 1614–1622 1614–1622 & 1614–1639 1614–1639

1622–1642 1622–1642 1642–1671 1642–1671 1671–1741 1671–1741 1741–1744 1741–1744

1639–1655 1639–1655 1655–1681 1655–1681 1681–1704 1681–1704 & 1681–1689 1681–1689 1704–1762 1704–1762

Konrad II … son son of Heinrich IV; in Wolfach Egino II … son of Heinrich IV; in Wartenberg Heinrich VI … son son of Konrad II; in Wolfach Johann II … son of of Heinrich V; associated associated 1436; 1436; in Geisingen Konrad III … son of of Heinrich Heinrich V; in Fürstenberg; Fürstenberg; inherited inherited Geisingen Geisingen 1483 Johann III … son of Johann II; in Geisingen Egino III … son son of Johann II; in Geisingen Heinrich VII … son of Konrad III Wolfgang … son of Konrad III Friedrich II … son of Wolfgang Wilhelm I … son of Wolfgang (division into Heiligenberg, Haslach, and Baar 1559) Counts and Princes of Fürstenberg in Heiligenberg Joachim … son of count Friedrich II of Fürstenberg; inherited ½ of Baar 1596 1596 Friedrich III … son of Joachim Wilhelm II … son of Friedrich III Ernst Egon … son of Friedrich III Ferdinand Friedrich Friedrich Egon … son of Ernst Egon; to Trochtelfingen 1653–1662 1653–1662 (line extinct 1676) 1676) Hermann Egon … son of Ernst Egon; prince 1664 Anton Egon … son of Hermann Egon (to Fürstenberg-Meßkirch 1716) Counts of Fürstenberg in Haslach Christoph I … son of count Friedrich II of of Fürstenberg Fürstenberg + Heinrich VIII … brother of Christoph I; landgrave of Baar 1559–1596 Albrecht I … son of Christoph Christoph I; inherited ½ of Baar 1596 Christoph II … son of Albrecht I Wratislaw I … son son of Albrecht; to Wolfach 1609–1631 1609–1631 (line extinct 1641) 1641) Wratislaw II … son of Christoph II; to Fürstenberg-Meßkirch Fürstenberg-Meßkirch 1622–1642 1622–1642 Friedrich Rudolf Rudolf … son of of Christoph Christoph II; to Fürstenebrg-Stühlingen Fürstenebrg-Stühlingen 1639–1655 1639–1655 (division into Fürstenberg-Meßkirch and Haslach, later Stühlingen 1622) Counts and Princes of Fürstenberg in Meßkirch (Mößkirch) Wratislaw II … son son of count Christoph II of Fürstenberg-Haslach; Fürstenberg-Haslach; Fürstenberg-Haslach Fürstenberg-Haslach 1614–1622 1614–1622 Franz Christoph … son of Wratislaw II Froben Ferdinand … son son of Franz Christoph; prince 1716 Karl Friedrich … son of Froben Ferdinand (to Fürstenberg-Stühlingen 1744) Counts and Princes of Fürstenberg in Stühlingen Friedrich Rudolf Rudolf … son of of count Christoph II of Fürstenberg-Haslach; Fürstenberg-Haslach; Fürstenberg-Haslach Fürstenberg-Haslach 1614–1639; 1614–1639; landgrave of Stühlingen 1639 Maximilian Franz … son of Friedrich Rudolf Prosper Ferdinand … son of Maximilian Franz Leopold Marquard … son of Maximilian Franz Joseph Wilhelm Ernst … son of Prosper Prosper Ferdinand; prince 1716


1762–1783 1762–1783 1783–1796 1783–1796 1796–1804 1796–1804

1762–1787 1762–1787 1787–1790 1787–1790 1790–1799 1790–1799 1799–1806 1799–1806

Ludwig August Egon … posthumous son of Prosper Ferdinand; to Weitra 1705–1759 (line continued) Joseph Wenzel … son of Joseph Wilhelm Ernst Joseph Maria … son of Joseph Wenzel Karl Joachim … son of Joseph Wenzel (to Fürstenberg-Pürglitz 1804) Princes of Fürstenberg-Pürglitz Karl Egon Egon I … son of prince prince Joseph Joseph Wilhelm Wilhelm Ernst of Fürstenberg-Stühlingen Fürstenberg-Stühlingen Philipp Nerius … son of Karl Egon I Karl Gabriel … son of Philipp Nerius Karl Egon II … son of Karl Aloys, son of Karl Egon I; prince prince 1804; mediatized, died 1854 (to Bade, Württemberg, and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 1806) GUELDERS (GELDERN)

The rich county of Guelders belonged to Lower Lorraine and emerged in the late 11 th century. It expanded expanded by th successful marriage alliances, for example inheriting the county of Zütphen in the 12 century, and, albeit temporarily, the duchy of Limburg in the 13 th. In 1339 1339 count Rainald II was promoted to duke. When the comital line became extinct in 1371, there followed a War for the Guelders Succession, which ended with the duchy passing to the duke of Jülich, who was confirmed in possession possession in 1383. Guelders passed by inheritance to the House of Egmond in 1423, but was promised to the duke of Burgundy in 1472, who inherited it in 1473. The House of Egmond managed managed to recover its possession by force, and on its extinction Guelders Guelders passed once again to the duke of of Jülich. In 1543, however, he was was forced to cede the duchy to the emperor emperor Karl V, and it became part of the Spanish Spanish Netherlands. In 1581 Lower Lower Guelders joined the independent independent Netherlands in revolt against Spanish rule, but Upper Guelders (together with the capital) remained subject to Habsburg rule. The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 subdivided subdivided Upper Guelders among Prussia, Prussia, Austria, and the Netherlands. Part of Upper Guelders passed to France in 1795 and the remainder in 1801. The Congress of Vienna divided Upper Guelders between Prussia and the Netherlands. Counts and Dukes of Guelders House of Wassenberg 1085–1118: 1085–1118: Gerhard I, Flaminius … son of (?) count Dietrich of Wassenberg; count of Guelders by 1096 :1129–1131 :1129–1131 Gerhard II, the Tall … … son of Gerhard I 1131–1182 1131–1182 Heinrich … son of Gerhard II 1182–1207 1182–1207 Otto I … son of Heinrich 1207–1229 1207–1229 Gerhard III … son of Otto I 1229–1271 1229–1271 Otto II, the Lame … son of Gerhard III 1271–1326 Rainald I, the Wrangler … … son of Otto II 1326–1343 Rainald II, the Red … … son of Rainald I; duke 1339 1343–1361 1343–1361 Rainald III, the Fat … … son of Rainald II; deposed 1361–1371 1361–1371 Eduard … son of Rainald II 1371 Rainald III, the Fat … … restored Châtillon House of Blois 1372–1377 1372–1377 Johann … married Mechthild, daughter daughter of Rainald II; son of count Louis II of Blois; Blois; expelled, abandoned claims 1379, died 1381 Hengebach House of Jülich 1377–1402 1377–1402 Wilhelm I … son of duke Wilhelm II of Jülich by Maria, daughter daughter of Rainald II; rival since 1372


1402–1423 1402–1423 House of Egmond 1423–1465 1423–1465

Rainald IV … brother of Wilhelm I

Arnold … son son of Jan Jan II of Egmond and and Maria, daughter daughter of Jan V of Arkel and and Johanna, Johanna, sister of Rainald IV; deposed 1465–1471 1465–1471 Adolf … son of Arnold; deposed 1471–1473 1471–1473 Arnold … restored Valois House of Burgundy 1473–1477 1473–1477 Karl I, the Rash … son of duke Philippe III of Burgundy House of Egmond 1477 Adolf … restored 1477–1481 1477–1481 Karl II … son of Adolf; deposed Valois House of Burgundy 1481–1482 1481–1482 Maria … daughter of Karl I Habsburg House of Austria 1482–1492 Philipp, the Handsome … son of Maria by emperor Maximilian I; expelled; Castile 1504–1506 House of Egmond 1492–1538 1492–1538 Karl II … restored Berg House of Mark-Altena 1538–1543 1538–1543 Wilhelm II, the Rich … son of duke Johann III of Cleves; deposed, died 1592 Habsburg House of Austria 1543–1549 1543–1549 Karl III … son of Philipp; Philipp; abdicated; abdicated; Castile 1506–1556; 1506–1556; Aragón Aragón and Sicily 1516–1556; 1516–1556; Naples 1516–1554; Empire 1519–1558 (to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; divided with the independent Netherlands 1581; etc.) HABSBURG (see Klettgau, Kirburg, and Sundgau) HAINAULT (HAINAUT, HENNEGAU)

The French-speaking region region of Hainault was originally part of Lower Lorraine. Lorraine. The first count of Hainault, Régnier I, was descended from the Carolingians and emerged as one of the first non-royal rulers of Lorraine in the early 10th century. His descendants had had to fight continuously to secure secure possession of the county county of Hainault against their competitors, eventually emerging victorious as counts of Mons and Valenciennes in 998. In 1051 the county passed into the hands of the House of Flanders, which retained retained control until 1280. Both early possibilities for permanent union with Flanders failed due to a division of the succession between rival heirs (in 1071 and 1280). 1280). From 1299 1299 the counts of Hainault were also counts of Holland. This rich inheritance passed through marriage to the House of Wittelsbach, and then through cession to the House of Burgundy. Hainault later became part of the Spanish Netherlands Netherlands and, although some southern portions of the county were annexed by France in 1659 and 1679, it passed to the Austrian Netherlands in 1713. Occupied by France in 1794, the remainder of Hainault passed to the Netherlands in 1815, and then to Belgium in 1830. Counts of Hainault House of Maasgau 880–898

Régnier I, Longneck … son of count Giselbert of Maasgau by Irmgard, daughter of emperor Lothar I; deposed, died 915

House of Lüttichgau 898–920 Sigard House of Ghent 920–924 Enguerrand … kinsman of count Enguerrand I of Ghent


House of Maasgau 924–932: :940–958 House of Metz 959–964

964–973 House of Zülpich 973 House of Maasgau 973–974 House of Verdun 974–998 House of Maasgau 998–1013 1013–1039 1013–1039 1039–1051 House of Flanders 1051–1070

1070–1098 1070–1098 1098–1120 1098–1120 1120–1171 1120–1171 1171–1195 1195–1205 1195–1205 1205–1244 1205–1244 & 1212–1233 1212–1233 & 1237–1244 1237–1244 1244–1280 1244–1280 House of Avesnes

Régnier II … son of Régnier I Régnier III … son of Régnier II; deposed, deposed, died 973 Godefroy I … son of count palatine Gottfried of Lorraine, son son of count Gerhard Gerhard of Metzgau Richer … uncle of (?) Godefroy Godefroy I; son of (?) count count Gerhard of Metzgau Metzgau Renaud … brother of count Werner of Zülpich Régnier IV … son of Régnier III; deposed Godefroy II, the Captive … son of Richer’s sister (?) Uda by count Gozelo of Bidgau, son of count palatine Wigerich of Lorraine Régnier IV … restored Régnier V … son of Régnier IV Herman … son of Régnier V Baudouin I, the Good … … married Richilde, widow of Herman; son of count Boudewijn V of Flanders Baudouin II … son of Baudouin I Baudouin III … son of Baudouin II Baudouin IV, the Builder … … son of Baudouin III Baudouin V, the Brave … son of Baudouin IV Baudouin VI, of Constantinople … son of Baudouin V; Latin emperor 1204–1205 23 Jeanne … daughter of Baudouin VI Ferrand of Portugal … married Jeanne; son son of king Sancho Sancho I of Portugal Portugal Thomas of Savoy … married Jeanne; son son of count Tommaso Tommaso I of Savoy; Savoy; died 1259 Marguerite I, the Black … daughter of Baudouin VI

+ Jean I … son of Marguerite I by Bouchard of Avesnes; associated 1250–1257 1250–1257 1280–1304 Jean II … son of Jean I; associated 1257 1304–1337 1304–1337 Guillaume I, the Good … … son of Jean II 1337–1345 1337–1345 Guillaume II, the Bold … … son of Guillaume I 1345–1356 1345–1356 Marguerite II … daughter of Guillaume I Wittelsbach House of Bavaria 1356–1389 1356–1389 Guillaume III, the Fool … … son of Marguerite II by emperor Ludwig IV 1389–1404 1389–1404 Albert … brother of Guillaume III; regent regent since 1358 1404–1417 1404–1417 Guillaume IV … son of Albert 1417–1433 1417–1433 Jacqueline … daughter of Guillaume IV; abdicated, died 1436 & 1418–1422 1418–1422 Jean III of Brabant … married Jacqueline; Jacqueline; son of of duke Anton Anton of Brabant; Brabant; divorced, divorced, died 1427 1427 & 1422–1428 1422–1428 Humfroy of Gloucester Gloucester … married married Jacqueline; Jacqueline; son of king king Henry IV of England; divorced, died 1447 Valois House of Burgundy 1433–1467 1433–1467 Philippe I, the Good … … son of duke Jean II of Burgundy, brother of duke Anton of Brabant 1467–1477 1467–1477 Charles I, the Rash … son of Philippe I 23 In Bulgarian captivity from 1205 to his death

(in 1206?).


1477–1482 1477–1482 Marie … daughter of Charles I Habsburg House of Austria 1482–1506 Philippe II , the Handsome … son of Marie by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 1504–1506 1506–1549 1506–1549 Charles II … son of Philippe Philippe II; abdicated; Castile 1506–1556 1506–1556;; Aragón and Sicily 1516–1556; 1516–1556; Naples 1516–1554; Empire 1519–1558 (to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; to France 1794; to the Netherlands 1815; to Belgium 1830) HANAU

The lords of Hanau expanded their territories, acquiring a portion of Münzenberg in Wetterau and first one, then another half of the Alsatian lordship of Lichtenberg by marriage. marriage. Reinhard II was promoted to imperial count in 1429, and the family benefited from having adopted the rule of primogeniture unusually early. Nevertheless, the family possessions were divided between Reinhard II’s grandson and surviving son into the two long-lasting branches of Hanau-Münzenberg (including Hanau itself) and Hanau-Lichtenberg (originally known as Babenhausen) in 1458. 24 On the extinction of the male line of Hanau-Münzenberg Hanau-Münzenberg in 1642, that county passed to Hanau-Lichtenberg. Hanau-Lichtenberg. The male line of Hanau-Lichtenberg also became extinct in 1736, 1736, and this county passed to Hesse Darmstadt, through the marriage of Johann Reinhard III’s daughter Charlotte to landgrave Ludwig VIII of Hesse-Darmstadt. Hesse-Darmstadt. Hanau and Münzenberg, Münzenberg, however, passed to landgrave Wilhelm VIII of Hesse-Cassel, who was the son of Karl, son of Wihelm VI, son of Wilhelm V by Amalia Elisabeth, the daughter of Philipp Ludwig II of Hanau-Münzenberg. Hanau-Münzenberg. Lichtenberg was lost to France France in 1789, recovered in 1871, and lost again in 1918. 1918. Hanau was promoted to principality principality in 1803, and after passing passing to the kingdom of Westphalia in 1807 and the grand duchy of Frankfurt in 1810, returned to Hesse-Cassel in 1815. Lords and Counts of Hanau House of Hanau c .1243–1281 .1243–1281 1282–1305: 1282–1305: :1306–1346 :1306–1346 1346–1369: 1346–1369: :1370–1380 :1370–1380 1380–1404 1380–1404 & 1380–1451 1380–1451 & 1380–1411 1380–1411 1451–1452 1451–1452 1452–1458

1458–1500 1500–1512 1500–1512 1512–1529 1512–1529 1529–1561 1529–1561 1561–1580 1561–1580 1580–1612 1580–1612 1612–1638 1612–1638 1638–1641 1638–1641 1641–1642 1641–1642 24 Each of the

Reinhard I … son of (?) Reinhard II of Dorfelden; seneschal of of the archbishop of Mainz Mainz Ulrich I … son of Reinhard I Ulrich II … son of Ulrich I Ulrich III … son of Ulrich II Ulrich IV … son of Ulrich III Ulrich V … son of Ulrich IV; abdicated, died c .1419 .1419 Reinhard II … son of Ulrich IV; count 1429 Johann … son of Ulrich IV Reinhard III … son of Reinhard II Philipp, the Younger … … son of Reinhard III; to Münzenberg 1458–1500 (division into Münzenberg and Babenhausen/Lichtenberg Babenhausen/Lichtenberg 1458) Counts of Hanau-Münzenberg Philipp I, the Younger … … son of count Reinhard III of Hanau; Hanau 1452–1458 1452–1458 Reinhard IV … son of Philipp I Philipp II … son of Reinhard IV Philipp III … son of Philipp II Philipp Ludwig I … son of Philipp III Philipp Ludwig II … son of Philipp Ludwig I Philipp Moritz … son of Philipp Ludwig II Philipp Ludwig III … son of Philipp Moritz Johann Ernst … son of of Albrecht of Schwarzenfels, Schwarzenfels, son of Philipp Ludwig I

six counts reigning in Münzenberg from 1512 to 1641 started his reign underage.


1642–1685 1642–1685 1685–1712 1685–1712 1712–1736 1712–1736

1458–1480 1480–1504 1480–1504 1504–1538 1504–1538 1538–1590 1538–1590 1590–1599 1590–1599 1599–1625 1599–1625 1625–1641 1625–1641 1641–1680 1641–1680

1680–1685 1680–1685 1685–1736 1685–1736

Friedrich Kasimir Kasimir … son son of of count count Philipp Philipp Wolfgang of Hanau-Lichtenberg Hanau-Lichtenberg Philipp Reinhard Reinhard … son of count Johann Johann Reinhard Reinhard II of Hanau-Lichtenberg, Hanau-Lichtenberg, brother of Friedrich Kasimir; prince 1696 Johann Reinhard III … brother of Philipp Reinhard (to Hesse-Cassel 1736; Hanau to Westphalia 1807; to Frankfurt 1810; to Hesse-Cassel 1815) Counts of Hanau-Babenhausen, then Hanau-Lichtenberg Philipp I, the Elder … … son of count Reinhard II of Hanau Philipp II … son of Philipp Philipp I; inherited ½ of Lichtenberg 1481 Philipp III … son of Philipp II Philipp IV … son of Philipp III Philipp V … son of Philipp IV Johann Reinhard I … son of Philipp V; all all Lichtenberg Lichtenberg 1570 Philipp Wolfgang … son of Johann Reinhard I Friedrich Kasimir Kasimir … son of of Philipp Philipp Wolfgang; Wolfgang; abdicated; to Münzenberg Münzenberg 1642–1685 1642–1685 + Johann Philipp … son of Philipp Wolfgang; associated 1641–1669 + Johann Reinhard II … son of Philipp Wolfgang; associated 1641–1666 1641–1666 Philipp Reinhard Reinhard … son of Johann Reinhard II; to Münzenberg Münzenberg 1685–1712; 1685–1712; prince 1696 1696 Johann Reinhard III … son of Johann Reinhard II; Münzenberg Münzenberg 1712 1712 (to Hesse-Darmstadt 1736; to France 1789; to Germany 1871; to France 1918) HANOVER (HANNOVER)

The electorate of Hanover Hanover began as the duchy of Calenberg, part of Brunswick-Lüneburg Brunswick-Lüneburg in Lower Lower Saxony. In 1692 duke Ernst August was recognized recognized as an elector of the Holy Roman Empire. His son Georg I inherited Lüneburg (Celle) from an uncle in 1705, and became king king of Great Britain (George I) in 1714. In Germany the dynasty also obtained Saxe-Lauenburg by inheritance (1702), the duchies of Bremen and Verden by cession from Sweden (1719), and the bishopric of Osnabrück Osnabrück by its secularization (1803). However, in 1803–1813, 1803–1813, Hanover was occupied occupied by the French and the Prussians. In 1813 the dynasty dynasty was restored, and in 1815 Georg Georg III (George III of England) was declared declared king of Hanover. The territory of the kingdom was was solidified by the cession of Saxe-Lauenberg Saxe-Lauenberg to Prussia, and the acquisition acquisition of East Frisia Frisia and Hildesheim in exchange. exchange. The personal union with Great Britain ended in 1837 when, due to the Salic Law of succession, Hanover passed to the eldest surviving son of Georg III, Ernst August, instead of his niece Victoria. In 1866, having taken taken the side of Austria against the victorious Prussians, Prussians, Hanover was annexed annexed by Prusssia. In 1913 the grandson of the last king of Hanover was finally allowed to succeed the extinct branch of the dynasty as duke of Brunswick. Electors and Kings of Hanover Welf House of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1692–1698 1692–1698 Ernst August … son of duke Georg of Brunswick-Lüneburg Brunswick-Lüneburg in Calenberg; Calenberg Calenberg 1679–1692 1679–1692 1698–1727 1698–1727 Georg I … son of Ernst Ernst August; August; Great Great Britain Britain 1714–1727 1714–1727 1727–1760 1727–1760 Georg II … son of Georg I; also Great Britain 1760–1803 1760–1803 Georg III … son of Friedrich Ludwig, son of Georg II; Great Britain 1760–182 1760–18200 1803–1813 1803–1813 (to France 1803, to Prussia 1805, to France 1806, to France France and Westphalia 1807) 1813–1820 1813–1820 Georg III … restored; king 1815 1820–1830 1820–1830 Georg IV … son of Georg III; a lso Great Britain 1830–1837 1830–1837 Wilhelm … son son of Georg III; also Great Britain 1837–1851 1837–1851 Ernst August … son of Georg III


1851–1866 1851–1866

Georg V … son of Ernst August; deposed, died 1878 (to Prussia 1866) HATZFELD

Melchior I of Hatzfeld received the Franconian county of Gleichen in 1639 and the Lower Silesian county of Trachenberg in 1641, when he was promoted promoted to imperial count. In 1748 one of his descendants was was promoted to prince, but on the extinction of the direct male line line of heirs in 1794, Gleichen reverted to Mainz. Mainz. In 1806 the remainder of the principality was mediatized, passing to Prussia. Counts and Princes of Hatzfeld in Gleichen House of Hatzfeld 1639–1658 1639–1658 1658–1677 1658–1677 1677–1683 1677–1683 1683–1738 1683–1738 1738–1779 1738–1779 1779–1794 1779–1794 1794–1806 1794–1806

Melchior I … son of Sebastian Sebastian I of Hatzfeld-Crottendorf; Hatzfeld-Crottendorf; Trachenberg 1641; count 1641 1641 Hermann … brother of Melchior I Heinrich … son of Hermann Franz … son of Heinrich Franz Philipp Adrian … son son of Franz; prince 1748 Friedrich Karl … son of Franz Philipp Adrian Franz Ludwig Ludwig … son of Karl Ferdinand Ferdinand of Hatzfeld-Werther; Hatzfeld-Werther; mediatized, died 1827 1827 (Gleichen to Mainz 1794; to Prussia 1806; to France 1807; to Prussia 1814; to Saxe Weimar 1815; 1815; Trachenberg to Prussia 1806; 1806; to Germany 1918; to Poland Poland 1945) 1945) HEINSBERG

The small lordship of Heinsberg came to include two separate territories, one around the castle of Heinsberg north of Aachen, and the other around Blankenberg Blankenberg east of Bonn. Once the lordship passed to a branch of the comital house of Cleves, the lords assumed the title of count. The counts also usually controlled the lordship of Valkenburg just south of Heinsberg until 1228, when it passed to a separate branch of the family (then to Brabant in 1370). 1370). In 1363 Gottfried Gottfried III had to sell Blankenberg Blankenberg to Cleves. It was united with Jülich Jülich 1475. Lords and Counts of Heinsberg House of Wassenberg :1082–1104: :1082–1104: Goswin I … son of (?) Dietrich of Wassenberg; lord of Heinsberg and Valkenburg Valkenburg 1104:–1118: Goswin II … son of Goswin I & 1104:–1128 1104:–1128 Gerhard … son of Goswin I Goswin III … son of Gerhard; to Valkenburg 1128–1167: 1128–1167: (line extinct c .1217) .1217) & 1128–1190 1128–1190 Gottfried I … son of Goswin II 1190–1207: 1190–1207: Adelheid … daughter of Gottfried I & 1190–:1200 1190–:1200 Arnold … husband of Adelheid; Adelheid; son of count count Dietrich Dietrich II of Cleves Cleves Antoing House of Cleves :1217–1228 :1217–1228 Dietrich I … son son of Arnold and Adelheid; inherited Valkenburg c .1217 .1217 1228–1259 1228–1259 Agnes … daughter of Dietrich I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1267: & :1233–1259 :1233–1259 Heinrich of of Sponheim Sponheim … married married Agnes; Agnes; son of count Gottfried III of Sponheim Sponheim House of Sponheim 1267–1303 1267–1303 Dietrich II … son of Heinrich and Agnes 1303–1331 1303–1331 Gottfried II … son of Dietrich II 1331–1361 1331–1361 Dietrich III … son of Gottfried II + Johann I … son of Gottfried II; associated in Dalenbroich 1331–1334


1334–1395 1334–1395 1395–1438 1395–1438 1438–1441: 1438–1441: :1443–1448 1448–1469 & 1456–1469 1456–1469 House of Nassau 1469–1479 1469–1479 & 1472–1511 1472–1511

Gottfried III … son of Johann I Johann II … son of Gottfried III Johann III … son of Johann II Johann IV … son of Johann III Johanna … daughter of Johann IV Johann V of Nassau … married Johanna; Johanna; son son of count count Philipp I of Nassau-Weilburg; Nassau-Weilburg; died died 1472 Elisabeth … daughter of Johann V and Johanna Wilhelm of Jülich … married Elisabeth; Elisabeth; son of duke Gerhard of Jülich; Jülich 1475–1511 1475–1511 (union with Jülich 1475; divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neuburg Palatinate-Neuburg 1609; to the Palatinate-Neuburg Palatinate-Neuburg 1614, united with the Palatinate Palatinate 1685, and with Bavaria 1777; to France 1794; to Prussia 1815) HELFENSTEIN

In c .1171 .1171 count Ludwig Ludwig IV of Spitzenberg Spitzenberg inherited Helfenstein Helfenstein by marriage to its heiress. The counts benefited from their support of the Hohenstaufen and Luxembourg emperors, and served their greater neighbors in the Palatinate, Palatinate, Bavaria, Bavaria, and Württemberg. Württemberg. The division of the county county between the lines of of Wiesensteig and Blaubeuren led to financial difficulties, and as early as 1382 Helfenstein itself was mortgaged to the city of Ulm, which purchased the castle in 1396. Blaubeuren and Heidenheim, Heidenheim, the centers of the other comital line, were sold to Württemberg in 1447–1448, which proceeded to acquire the remaining holdings of the Wiesensteig branch branch in 1450–1457. 1450–1457. These lands later passed to Bavaria, Bavaria, but returned to Württemberg Württemberg in 1504. Shorn of their most most important possessions, the counts counts of Helfenstein Helfenstein declined in importance. importance. On the male line’s extinction in 1627, the Gundelfingen branch was inherited by Fürstenberg, while Wiesensteig was divided between three heiresses. Counts of Helfenstein House of Spitzenberg c .1171–1193: .1171–1193: :1207–1241: :1207–1241: & :1207–c .1212 .1212 & :1207–1228: :1207–1228: 1228:–c .1280 .1280 :1259–1294: :1259–1294: c .1280–1295 .1280–1295 :1303–1315 :1303–1315 1315–1340 1315–1340 & 1315–1326 1315–1326 1340–1356 1340–1356

1356–1372 1356–1372 1372–1402 1372–1402 & 1372–1448 1372–1448 1448–1462 1448–1462 & 1448–1493 1448–1493 & 1448–1483 1448–1483

Ludwig I … son son of count Rudolf of Spitzenberg Ulrich I … son of Ludwig I Rudolf I … son of Ludwig I Eberhard I … son of Ludwig I; in in Spitzenberg Ludwig II … son of Eberhard I; in Spitzenberg Ulrich II … son of Ulrich I Eberhard II … son of Ludwig II; in Spitzenberg Ulrich III … son of Ulrich II Johann I … son of Ulrich III Ulrich IV … son of Ulrich III Ulrich V, the Elder … son of Johann I (division into Wiesensteig and Blaubeuren 1356) Counts of Helfenstein in Wiesensteig Ulrich V, the Elder … … son of count Johann I of Helfenstein; Helfenstein 1340–1356 Konrad I … son of Ulrich V Friedrich I … son of Ulrich V Ulrich IX … son of Friedrich I Ludwig III … son of Friedrich I Friedrich II … son of Friedrich I


1483–1493 1483–1493 & 1483–1502 1483–1502 1493–1548 1493–1548 & 1493–1525 1493–1525 1548–1564 1548–1564 & 1548–1570 1548–1570 1564–1601 1564–1601 1601–1627 1601–1627 1627–1665 1627–1665 & 1627–1678 1627–1678 & 1627–1641 1627–1641

Ludwig IV … son of Friedrich II Friedrich III … son of Friedrich II Ulrich X … son of Ludwig IV Ludwig V, Helferich … son of Ludwig IV Sebastian … son of Ulrich X Ulrich XI … son of Ulrich X Rudolf II … son of Sebastian Rudolf III … son of Rudolf II Maria Johanna … daughter of Rudolf III 25 Isabella Eleonore … daughter of Rudolf III 26 Franziska Caroline … daughter of Rudolf III 27 (divided between heirs 1627)

1546–1573 1546–1573 1573–1599 1573–1599 & 1573–1607 1573–1607 & 1573–1622 1573–1622 1622–1627 1622–1627

Counts of Helfenstein in Gundelfingen Georg II … son of count Ulrich X of of Helfenstein-Wiese Helfenstein-Wiesensteig nsteig Schweickart … son of Georg II Georg III … son of Georg II Froben Christoph … son of Georg II Georg Wilhelm … son of Froben Christoph (to Fürstenberg 1627 28)

1356–1361 1356–1361 1361–1375 1361–1375 1375–1444 1375–1444 1444–1474 1444–1474 & 1444–1472 1444–1472 1474–1517 1474–1517

Counts of Helfenstein in Blaubeuren, then Wellenheim Ulrich VI, the Younger … … son of count Ulrich IV of Helfenstein; in Heidenheim since 1351 Ulrich VII … son of Ulrich V Johann II … son of Ulrich VII Konrad II … son of Johann Johann II; in Blauberen until 1447 Ulrich VIII VIII … son of of Johann Johann III; in Heidenheim Heidenheim until 1448 Georg I … son of Konrad II (Wellenheim to Helfenstein-Wiesensteig Helfenstein-Wiesensteig 1517) HENNEBERG

The north Franconian counts of Henneberg laid claim to Thuringia in the War of Thuringian Succession, and Hermann I secured possession of Schmalkalden Schmalkalden in 1247. The next year he acquired Coburg on the extinction of the dukes of Merania. Merania. The family divided into into three branches in 1274, 1274, and count Berthold VII of Schleusingen was promoted promoted to prince in 1310. 1310. His sons divided their their lands into the lines of Coburg and and Schleusingen. The first of these ended in 1347, with its lands dispersed among several several heiresses, two of whom brought Coburg and Hildburghausen Hildburghausen to the Wettin margraves margraves of Meissen and landgraves landgraves of Thuringia. The Schleusingen branch survived until 1583, when it was inherited by the Wettin dukes in Thuringia and electors of Saxony, of whom the former received held 7/12 7/12 of the inheritance, and the latter 5/12. 5/12. The numbering of counts varies widely between different sources and often includes many non-reigning members of the family.

25 Married (1627) landgrave Maximilian Adam of Leuchtenberg, then (1648) duke Christian I of the

PalatinatePalatinate-

Bischweiler. 26 Married (1629) count Martin Franz of Öttingen-Baldern. 27 Married (1636) count Wratislaw II of Fürstenberg, the widower of her cousin Johanna Eleonore. 28 Friedrich Christoph’s daughter Johanna Elonore had married count Wratislaw II of Fürstenberg, who thus inherited Gundelfingen, Meßkirch, and Wildenstein.


Counts of Henneberg House of Henneberg :1037–1078 Poppo I … son of Poppo + Godebold I … brother of Poppo I; burgrave of Würzburg 1091 1078–1118 Poppo II … son of Poppo I 1118–1141: 1118–1141: Godebold II … son of Poppo I :1144–1156 :1144–1156 Poppo IV … son of Godebold II 1156–c .1159 .1159 Berthold I … son of Godebold II c .1159– .1159– c .1190 .1190 Poppo VI … son of Berthold I c .1190– .1190– c .1212 .1212 Berthold II … son of Poppo VI & c .1190–1245 .1190–1245 Poppo VII, the Wise … son of Poppo VI & c .1190–1244 .1190–1244 Otto I … son of Poppo VI; in in Botenlauben + Otto II … son of Otto I; associated in Botenlauben :1228–1231; :1228–1231; abdicated, died 1249 1245–1262 1245–1262 Heinrich I … son of Poppo VII; Schleusingen & 1245–1290 1245–1290 Hermann I … son of of Poppo Poppo VII; Schmalkalden 1247; Coburg 1248 1262–1274 1262–1274 Berthold III … son of Heinrich Heinrich I; to Schleusingen 1274–1284 1274–1284 & 1262–1274 1262–1274 Hermann II … son of Heinrich Heinrich I; to Aschach 1274–1292 1274–1292 & 1262–1274 1262–1274 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich Heinrich I; to Hartenberg 1274–1317 1274–1317 (division into Aschach, Schelusingen, and Hartenberg 1274)

1274–1284 1274–1284 1284–1340 1284–1340 1290–1291 1290–1291 1340–1347 1340–1347 & 1340–1359 1340–1359 1359–1405 & 1359–1375 1359–1375 & 1359–c .1360 .1360 1405–1426 1405–1426 1426–1444 1426–1444 & 1426–1436 1426–1436 1444–1480 1444–1480 1480–1484 & 1480–1559 1480–1559 & 1480–1488 1480–1488 1559–1583 1559–1583

1274–1292 1274–1292 1292–1306 1292–1306 & 1292–1355: 1292–1355:

Counts of Henneberg in Schleusingen Berthold III … son of count count Heinrich Heinrich I of Henneberg; Henneberg; Henneberg 1262–1274 1262–1274 Berthold IV … son of Berthold III; Schleusingen; Schleusingen; princely count 1310; 1310; Schmalkalden Schmalkalden and and Coburg 1312 Poppo VIII VIII … son son of Hermann I; Schmalkalden Schmalkalden and Coburg (to Brandenburg 1291–131 1291–1312) 2) Heinrich IV, the Younger … … son of Berthold IV; Schmalkalden and Coburg Johann I … son of Berthold IV; Schleusingen Heinrich V … son of Johann I Berthold VI … son of Johann I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1416 1416 Johann II … son of Johann I Wilhelm I … son of Heinrich V Wilhelm II … son of Wilhelm I Heinrich VI, the Restless … son of Wilhelm I; abdicated, died 1475 Wilhelm III … son of Wilhelm II Wolfgang … son of Wilhelm III Wilhelm IV … son of Wilhelm III Ernst … posthumous son of Wilhelm III Georg Ernst … son of Wilhelm IV; associated 1543 (divided between the Wettins of Saxony and Thuringia 1583; to Prussia 1815) Counts of Henneberg in Aschlach Hermann II … son of count Heinrich Heinrich I of Henneberg; Henneberg; Henneberg Henneberg 1262–1274 1262–1274 Hermann III … son of Hermann II Heinrich III … son of Hermann II

29 On Poppo VIII’s death in

1291, Coburg and Schmalkalden passed to margrave Otto V of BrandenburgSalzwedel, husband of Poppo’s sister Jutta. Jutta. Otto V’s grandson Johann V sold Coburg and Schmalkalden Schmalkalden to Berthold IV of Henneberg in 1312.

29


:1356–1390 :1356–1390

1274–1317 1274–1317 1317–1348 1317–1348 1348–1371 1348–1371 1371–1403 1371–1403 1403–1422 1403–1422 1422–1465 1422–1465 1465–1488 1465–1488 & 1465–1502 1465–1502 1488–1535 1488–1535 1535–1548 1535–1548 & 1535–1549 1535–1549

Hermann IV … son of Heinrich III; sold county; to Hartenberg Hartenberg 1371–1403 1371–1403 (to Dietrich von Bibra 1390; to the bishop of Würzburg 1401) Counts of Henneberg in Hartenberg Heinrich II … son of of count count Heinrich Heinrich I of Henneberg; Henneberg; Henneberg Henneberg 1262–1274 1262–1274 Poppo IX … son of Heinrich II Berthold V … son of Poppo Poppo IX; sold county, county, died died 1378 1378 Hermann IV … son of count Heinrich III of Henneberg-Aschlach; Henneberg-Aschlach; Aschlach :1356–1390 :1356–1390 Friedrich I … son of Hermann IV Georg … son of Friedrich I Friedrich II … son of Georg Otto III … son of Georg Hermann V … son of Friedrich II Berthold VII VII … son of Hermann V; in Römhild; sold county, county, died 1549 Albrecht … son of Hermann V; in Schwarza (Römhild to Mansfeld 1548; to Saxony 1555) HESSE (HESSEN)

On the extinction of the House of Thuringia in 1247, its inheritance was contested between the Houses of Brabant and Meissen. While the Wettin House of Meissen took over Thuringia Thuringia proper, by 1263 a branch of the House of Brabant secured possession of Hesse (Hessen) in northern Franconia and also took the title of landgrave. The landgraviate was divided divided among the four sons of Philipp I in 1567, which eventually led to the establishment of the two main lines of Hesse-Cassel Hesse-Cassel (Kassel) and Hesse-Darmstadt. The landgrave of HesseCassel obtained the title of elector in 1803 and strangely kept it in use even after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. 1806. Electoral Hesse was annexed annexed by Prussia in 1866. 1866. The landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt Hesse-Darmstadt took the title of grand duke in 1806 and the grand duchy survived to enter the German Empire in 1871. It was abolished only in the aftermath of World War II alongside the other surviving German monarchies. Landgraves of Hesse Hainault House of Brabant 1263–1308 1263–1308 Heinrich I, the Child … … son of duke Hendrik II of Brabant by Sophie of Thuringia 1308–1328 1308–1328 Otto … son of Heinrich I; in in Upper Hesse (Marburg) & 1308–1311 1308–1311 Johann … son of Heinrich I; in Lower Hesse (Cassel) 1328–1376 1328–1376 Heinrich II, the Iron … son of Otto + Ludwig … son of Otto; associated in Grebenstein 1328–1345 1328–1345 + Hermann … son of Otto; associated in Nordeck 1328–1368/1370 + Otto, the Marksman … son of Heinrich II; associated 1340–1366 1376–1413 Hermann, the Learned … … son of Ludwig; associated 1367 1413–1458 Ludwig I, the Peaceable … son of Hermann (division into Cassel and Marburg 1458)

1458–1471 1458–1471 1471–1493 1471–1493 & 1471–1509 1471–1509 1509–1567

Landgraves in Lower Hesse (Cassel), all Hesse 1500 Ludwig II, the Candid … … son of Ludwig I of Hesse Wilhelm I, the Elder … son of Ludwig II; abdicated, abdicated, died 1515 Wilhelm II, the Middle … son of Ludwig II; all Hesse 1500 Philipp I, the Magnanimous … son of Wilhelm II (division into Cassel, Marburg, Rheinfels, and Darmstadt 1567)


1458–1483 1458–1483 1483–1500 1483–1500

1567–1592 1567–1592 & 1567–1583 1567–1583 1592–1627 1627–1637 1637–1663 1637–1663 1663–1670 1663–1670 1670–1730 1670–1730 1730–1751 1751–1760 1751–1760 1760–1785 1760–1785 1785–1803 1785–1803

1803–1807 1803–1807 1807–1813 1813–1821 1813–1821 1821–1831 1821–1831 1831–1866 1831–1866

Landgraves in Upper Hesse (Marburg) Heinrich III, the Rich … son of Ludwig I of Hesse + Ludwig III … son of Heinrich III; associated 1474–1478 Wilhelm III, the Younger … … son of Heinrich III (to Lower Hesse 1500) Landgraves of Hesse in Cassel (Kassel) and Rheinfels Wilhelm IV, the Wise … son of Philipp I of Hesse; in Cassel Philipp II … brother of Wilhelm IV; in in Rheinfels Moritz, the Learned … … son of Wilhelm IV; abdicated, died 1632 Wilhelm V, the Steadfast … … son of Moritz; associated 1623 Wilhelm VI, the Righteous … son of Wilhelm V Wilhelm VII … son of Wilhelm VI Karl … son of Wilhelm VI Friedrich Friedr ich I … son of Karl; Sweden 1720–1751 Wilhelm VIII … son of Karl; regent since 1730 Friedrich II … son of Wilhelm VIII Wilhelm IX … son of Friedrich Friedrich II; elector of Hesse Hesse 1803–1821 1803–1821 Electors of Hesse Wilhelm I … former landgrave of Hesse-Cassel Hesse-Cassel 1785–1803; 1785–1803; deposed (to Westphalia) Westphalia ) Wilhelm I … restored Wilhelm II … son of Wilhelm I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1847 Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm I … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm II; deposed, deposed, died 1875 (to Prussia 1866)

1678 1678–1739 1678–1739 1739–1768 1739–1768 1768–1790 1768–1790 1790–1806

Landgraves of Hesse in Darmstadt and Marburg Georg I, the Pious … son of Philipp I of Hesse; in Darmstadt Ludwig IV, Testator … … brother of Georg I; in Marburg Ludwig V, the Faithful … … son of Georg I + Philipp, the Learned … … son of Georg I; associated in Butzbach 1609–1643 Georg II, the Learned … … son of Ludwig V + Johann … son of Ludwig V; associated in Braubach 1643–1651 Ludwig VI … son of Georg II + Georg … son of Georg II; associated in Itter 1661–1676 Ludwig VII … son of Ludwig VI Ernst Ludwig … son of Ludwig VI Ludwig VIII … son of Ernst Ludwig Ludwig IX … son of Ludwig VIII Ludwig X … son of Ludwig IX; grand duke of Hesse 1806–1830

1806–1830 1830–1848 1830–1848 1848–1877 1848–1877

Grand Dukes of Hesse Ludwig I … former landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt Hesse-Dar mstadt 1790–1806 Ludwig II … son of Ludwig I Ludwig III … son of Ludwig II

1567–1597 1567–1597 & 1567–1604 1597–1626 1626–1661 1626–1661 1661–1678 1661–1678


1877–1892 1877–1892 1892–1918 1892–1918

1622–1638 1622–1638 1638–1681 1638–1681 & 1638–1677 1638–1677 & 1638–1708 1638–1708 1708–1746 1708–1746 1746–1751 1746–1751 1751–1806 1751–1806 1806–1816 1806–1816 1816–1820 1816–1820 1820–1829 1820–1829 1829–1839 1829–1839 1839–1846 1839–1846 1846–1848 1846–1848 1848–1866 1848–1866

Ludwig IV … son son of Karl, son of Ludwig II Ernst Ludwig … son son of Ludwig IV; deposed, deposed, died 1937 1937 (to Germany 1918) Landgraves of Hesse in Homburg Friedrich I … son son of Georg I of Hesse-Darmstadt Wilhelm Christoph … son of Friedrich I Georg Christian … son of Friedrich I Friedrich II, Silverleg … … son of Friedrich I Friedrich III … son of Friedrich II Friedrich IV … son son of Kasimir Wilhelm, son of Friedrich II Friedrich V … son of Friedrich IV; deposed (to Hesse-Darmstadt) Hesse-Darmstadt) Friedrich V … restored Friedrich VI … son of Friedrich V Ludwig … son of Friedrich V Philipp … son of Friedrich V Gustav … son of Friedrich V Ferdinand … son of Friedrich V (to Prussia 1866) HOHENLOHE

The Swabian counts of Hohenlohe divided their possessions among several family lines, brifely reunited in the mid-16 th century by the counts of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein. Hohenlohe-Neuenstein. In 1551 the family lands were were divided between two main branches, those of Neuenstein and Waldenburg, each of which subdivided further over the course of the following centuries. The counts of Schillingsfürst and Bartenstein, Bartenstein, offshoots of the Waldenburg branch, were promoted to princes in 1744. Those of Öhringen, Langenburg, Ingelfingen, and Kirchberg followed suit in 1764. In 1806 the entire family family was mediatized in favor favor of Bavaria and and Württemberg. The list includes only those family lines that attained princely rank. Counts of Hohenlohe in Neuenstein House of Hohenlohe 1551–1568 1551–1568 Ludwig Kasimir … son of count Georg III of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein Hohenlohe-Neuenstein 1568–1575 1568–1575 Albrecht … son of Ludwig Kasimir & 1568–1610 1568–1610 Wolfgang II … son son of Ludwig Kasimir; Weikersheim Weikersheim 1586; Langenburg Langenburg 1590; Neuenstein and Kirchberg 1596 & 1568–1696 1568–1696 Philipp … son of Ludwig Ludwig Kasimir; Kasimir; Neuenstein Neuenstein 1586; 1586; Kirchberg 1590 & 1568–1590 1568–1590 Friedrich … son of of Ludwig Ludwig Kasimir; Kasimir; Langenburg Langenburg and Kirchberg Kirchberg 1586 1586 1610–1645 1610–1645 Georg Friedrich … son son of Wolfgang II; in Weikersheim & 1610–1641 1610–1641 Kraft VII … son son of Wolfgang II; in in Neuenstein 1641–1677 1641–1677 Siegfried … son of Kraft VII; to Weikersheim 1677–1684 1677–1684 & 1641–1698 Wolfgang Julius … son of Kraft VII; Neuenstein Neuenst ein 1677 & 1641–1677 1641–1677 Johann Friedrich I … son of Kraft Kraft VII; to Öhringen Öhringen 1677–1702 1677–1702 & 1641–1677 Johann Ludwig … son of Kraft VII; to Künzelsau 1677–1689 (to Öhringen 1698)


1677–1702 1677–1702 1702–1765 1702–1765 & 1702–1756 1702–1756 1765–1805 1765–1805

Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in Öhringen Johann Friedrich Friedrich I … son of count Kraft VII of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein; Hohenlohe-Neuenstein; Neuenstein 1641–1677 1641–1677 Johann Friedrich II … son of Johann Johann Friedrich I; Öhringen 1708; prince 1764 1764 Karl Ludwig Ludwig … son of Johann Friedrich I; Weikersheim 1708 Ludwig Friedrich Karl … son of Johann Friedrich II (to Ingelfingen 1805)

1610–1628 1610–1628 1628–1676 1628–1676 & 1628–1699 1628–1699 1699–1715 1699–1715 1715–1765 1715–1765 1765–1789 1765–1789 1789–1806 1789–1806

Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in Langenburg Philipp Ernst … son son of count Wolfgang II of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein Hohenlohe-Neuenstein Joachim Albrecht … son of Philipp Ernst; in Kirchberg Heinrich Friedrich … son of Philipp Ernst; in Langenburg; inherited Gleichen Gleichen 1631 1631 Albrecht Wolfgang … son of Heinrich Friedrich Ludwig … son of Albrecht Wolfgang; prince 1764 Christian Albrecht … son of Ludwig Karl Ludwig … son of Christian Christian Albrecht; mediatized, mediatized, died 1825 1825 (to Württemberg 1806)

1699–1743 1699–1743 1743–1781 1743–1781 1781–1796 1781–1796 1796–1806 1796–1806 1806

Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in Ingelfingen Christian Kraft … son of count count Heinrich Heinrich Friedrich of Hohenlohe-Langenburg Hohenlohe-Langenburg Philipp Heinrich … son of Christian Christian Kraft Kraft of Ingelfingen; prince 1764 1764 Heinrich August … brother of Philipp Heinrich Friedrich Ludwig … son of Heinrich August; inherited inherited Öhringen Öhringen 1805; 1805; abdicated, abdicated, died 1818 August … son of Friedrich Ludwig; mediatized, died 1853 (to Württemberg 1806)

1699–1737 1699–1737 1737–1767 1737–1767 1767–1806 1767–1806

Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in Kirchberg Friedrich Eberhard Eberhard … son son of of count count Heinrich Heinrich Friedrich of Hohenlohe-Langen Hohenlohe-Langenburg burg Karl August … son son of Friedrich Eberhard of Kirchberg; Kirchberg; prince 1764 Christian Friedrich Karl … son son of Karl August; mediatized, died 1819 1819 (to Bavaria 1806)

1551–1570 1551–1570 1570–1600 1570–1600 1600–1615 1600–1615 & 1600–1644 1600–1644 & 1600–1615 1600–1615 1644–1658 1644–1658 & 1644–1679 1644–1679

1615–1650 1615–1650 1650–1681 1650–1681 1681–1685 1681–1685

Counts of Hohenlohe in Waldenburg Eberhard … son of count Georg III of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein Hohenlohe-Neuenstein Georg Friedrich I … son of Eberhard Ludwig Eberhard Eberhard … son of of Georg Georg Friedrich I; to Pfedelbach 1615–1650 1615–1650 Philipp Heinrich … son of Georg Friedrich I Georg Friedrich Friedrich II … son of Georg Georg Friedrich I; to Schillingsfürst 1615–1635 1615–1635 Wolfgang Friedrich … son of Philipp Heinrich Philipp Gottfried … son of Philipp Heinrich (to Schillingsfürst 1679) Counts of Hohenlohe in Pfedelbach Ludwig Eberhard Eberhard … son of of count count Georg Friedrich I of Hohenlohe-Wald Hohenlohe-Waldenburg; enburg; Waldenburg 1600–1615 1600–1615 Friedrich Kraft … son of Ludwig Eberhard Hiskias … son of Ludwig Eberhard


1685–1728 1685–1728

1615–1635 1615–1635 1635–1675 1635–1675 & 1635–1697 1635–1697 1675–1688 1675–1688 1697–1759 1697–1759 1759–1793 1759–1793 1793–1796 1793–1796 1796–1806 1796–1806

1688–1729 1688–1729 1729–1763 1729–1763 1763–1798 1763–1798 1798–1806 1798–1806 & 1798–1806 1798–1806 1806

Ludwig Gottfried … son of Hiskias (to Bartenstein 1728) Counts of Hohenlohe in Schillingsfürst Georg Friedrich Friedrich II … son of count Georg Friedrich Friedrich I of Hohenlohe-Walden Hohenlohe-Waldenburg; burg; Waldenburg 1600–1615 1600–1615 Christian … son of Georg Friedrich II Ludwig Gustav … son of Georg Friedrich II Philipp Karl … son son of Christian; to Bartenstein Bartenstein 1688–1729 1688–1729 Philipp Ernst … son of Ludwig Gustav; prince 1744 Karl Albrecht I … son of Philipp Ernst Karl Albrecht II … son of Karl Albrecht I Karl Albrecht III … son son of of Karl Karl Albrecht Albrecht II; mediatized, died 1843 1843 (to Bavaria 1806) Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in Bartenstein Philipp Karl … son of count count Christian of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst; Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst; Schillingsfürst Schillingsfürst 1675–1688; 1675–1688; inherited Pfedelbach 1728 Karl Philipp … son of Philipp Karl; prince 1744 Ludwig Leopold … son son of Karl Philipp; abdicated, died 1799 1799 Ludwig Alois … son of of Ludwig Ludwig Leopold; Leopold; in Bartenstein; abdicated, died 1829 1829 Karl Joseph Joseph … son of of Ludwig Ludwig Leopold; Leopold; in Jagstberg; mediatized, died 1838 1838 Karl August August … son of Ludwig Leopold; in Bartenstein; Bartenstein; mediatized, died 1844 1844 (to Württemberg 1806) HOHENZOLLERN

The county of Hohenzollern Hohenzollern was located in Swabia. Swabia. The counts became imperial imperial princes in 1623. The dynasty acquired additional importance as one of its branches acquired the burgraviate of Nürnberg, later becoming margraves, then electors, of Brandenburg in the early 15 th century, also dukes of Prussia in the 16 th century. The rulers of Brandenburg-Prussia helped elevate the status of their Hohenzollern cousins, and the Hohenzollern princes of Hechingen and Sigmaringen became sovereign rulers in both the Confederation of the Rhine and the German Confederation. In 1849 the princes of both Hechingen and Sigmaringen abdicated abdicated in favor of the king of Prussia and the principalities were united with Prussia. Counts of Hohenzollern House of Hohenzollern c .1145– .1145– c .1200 .1200 Friedrich I … son of count Friedrich II of Zollern c .1200–1251: .1200–1251: Friedrich II, the Admiral … … son of Friedrich I & c .1200–1226 .1200–1226 Konrad … son of Friedrich I; to Nürnberg 1226–1260: 1226–1260: :1255–1289 :1255–1289 Friedrich III, the Illustious … son of Friedrich II 1289–1297: 1289–1297: Friedrich IV, the Knight … … son of Friedrich III :1298–1309 :1298–1309 Friedrich V, the Eldest … son of Friedrich IV & :1298–1333 :1298–1333 Friedrich VI, Ostertag … … son of Friedrich IV 1309–1313 1309–1313 Fritzli I … son of Friedrich V & 1309–1320 1309–1320 Albrecht I … son of Friedrich V 1320–1368: 1320–1368: Albrecht II … son of Albrecht I & 1320–1371: 1320–1371: Heinrich … son of Albrecht I


1333–1339 1333–1339 & 1333–1377 1333–1377 1342–1365: 1342–1365: :1368–1401 :1368–1401 1377–1412 1377–1412 & 1377–c .1410 .1410 1401–1426 1401–1426 & 1401–1439 1401–1439 1439–1488 1439–1488 1488–1512 1488–1512 1512–1517 1512–1517 & 1512–1538 1512–1538 & 1512–1525 1512–1525 1517–1535 1517–1535 1525–1575 1525–1575 1538–1558

Fritzli II … son of Friedrich VI Friedrich VII, the Black Count … … son of Friedrich VI Friedrich VIII, of Straßburg … … son of Friedrich VI; associated Friedrich IX, the Elder … … son of Friedrich VIII; associated Friedrich X … son of Friedrich IX Friedrich XI, Ostertag … … son of Friedrich IX; associated Friedrich XII, of Öttingen … son of Friedrich IX; deposed; associated 1440–1443 Eitel Friedrich I … son of Friedrich IX Jost Nikolaus I, the Bearded … … son of Eitel Friedrich I Eitel Friedrich II … son of Jost Nikolaus I Franz Wolfgang … son of Eitel Friedrich II Joachim … son of Eitel Friedrich II Eitel Friedrich III … son of Eitel Friedrich II Christoph Friedrich … son son of of Franz Franz Wolfgang; Wolfgang; abdicated, died 1536 1536 Karl I … son son of Eitel Friedrich Friedrich III; abdicated, abdicated, died 1576 Jost Nikolaus II … son of Joachim (division into Hechingen, Sigmaringen, and Haigerloch 1575)

1575–1605 1575–1605 1605–1623 1605–1623 1623–1661 1623–1661 1661–1671 1661–1671 1671–1735 1671–1735 1735–1750 1735–1750 1750–1798 1750–1798 1798–1810 1798–1810 1810–1838 1810–1838 1838–1849 1838–1849

Counts and Princes of Hohenzollern in Hechingen Eitel Friedrich IV … son son of Karl I of of Hohenzollern Johann Georg … son son of Eitel Friedrich IV; prince prince 1623 1623 Eitel Friedrich V … son of Johann Georg Philipp … son of Johann Georg Friedrich Wilhelm I … son of Philipp Friedrich Ludwig … son of Friedrich Wilhelm I Joseph Wilhelm … son of Hermann Friedrich, son of Philipp Philipp Hermann Friedrich … son son of of Franz Franz Xaver, Xaver, brother of of Joseph Joseph Wilhelm Friedrich Hermann … son of Hermann Friedrich Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm II … son of Friedrich Friedrich Hermann; Hermann; abdicated, died 1869 1869 (to Prussia 1849)

1575–1606 1575–1606 1606–1638 1606–1638 1638–1681 1638–1681 1681–1689 1681–1689 1689–1715 1689–1715 1715–1769 1715–1769 1769–1785 1769–1785 1785–1831 1785–1831 1831–1848 1831–1848 1848–1849 1848–1849

Counts and Princes of Hohenzollern in Sigmaringen Karl II … son of count Karl I of Hohenzollern Johann … son of Karl II; prince 1623 Meinrad I … son of Johann Maximilian I … son of Meinrad I Meinrad II … son of Maximilian I Joseph Friedrich … son of Meinrad II Karl Friedrich … son of Joseph Friedrich Anton Alois … son of Karl Friedrich Karl III Anton Anton … son of Anton Alois; abdicated, abdicated, died 1853 Karl Anton … son of Karl III; abdicated, died 1885 (to Prussia 1849)

1575–1592 1575–1592 1592–1620 1592–1620

Counts of Hohenzollern in Haigerloch Christoph … son of Karl I of Hohenzollern Johann Christoph … son of Christoph


1620–1634 1620–1634 1634–1681 1634–1681 1681–1702 1681–1702 1702–1750 1702–1750 1750–1767 1750–1767

Karl … son of Christoph (to Sigmaringen) Franz Anton … son son of Meinrad I of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Ferdinand Anton … son of Franz Anton Franz Christoph Anton … son of Franz Anton (to Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 1767) HOLLAND

The County of West Frisia, later called Holland, was part of the Lotharingian kingdom and duchy, and its coastal location had exposed it to Viking attacks in the 9 th century. Together with the rest of of Lotharingia, Lotharingia, West Frisia recognized the authority of the German kings after 925. The local comital dynasty proved very resilient and withstood the occasional attempts of German kings and Lotharingian dukes to dispossess it. Holland also competed with neighboring Flanders for control over Zeeland, which was considered a Flemish fief held by the count of Holland for a long time (1076–1323); in the end the count of Holland held Zeeland directly from the Holy Roman emperor. emperor. From 1299 Holland came came into personal union with with the county of Hainault by passing through inheritance to the House of Avesnes. In 1354–1356, 1354–1356, the two counties passed to the House of Wittelsbach, which held them until 1433, when they were ceded to the Valois duke of Burgundy. Holland later became part of the Spanish Netherlands, until the declaration of independence from Habsburg rule in 1581, when it became one of the leading provinces of the independent Netherlands. Counts of West Frisia and Holland House of West Frisia/Holland 916–939 Dirk I … son of (?) count Gerulf of Kennemerland 939–988 Dirk II … son of (?) Dirk I 988–993 Arnulf … son of Dirk II 993–1039 Dirk III, of Jerusalem … son of Arnulf 1039–1049 1039–1049 Dirk IV … son of Dirk III 1049–1061 1049–1061 Floris I … son of Dirk III 1061–1091 1061–1091 Dirk V … son of Floris I 1091–1121 1091–1121 Floris II, the Fat … … son of Dirk V 1121–1157 1121–1157 Dirk VI … son of Floris II – Floris, the Black … son of Floris II; rival 1129–1131; 1129–1131; abdicated, died 1133 1157–1190 1157–1190 Floris III … son of Dirk VI 1190–1203 1190–1203 Dirk VII … son of Floris III 1203–1207 1203–1207 Ada … daughter of Dirk VII; deposed, died 1223 & 1203–1207 1203–1207 Lodewijk of Loon … married Ada; son of count Gerard of Loon; deposed, deposed, died 1218 1207–1222 1207–1222 Willem I … son son of Floris III; rival since 1203 1222–1234 1222–1234 Floris IV … son of Willem I 1234–1256 1234–1256 Willem II … son son of of Floris IV; Empire 1247–1256 1247–1256 1256–1296 1256–1296 Floris V … son of Willem II 1296–1299 1296–1299 Jan I … son of Floris V Avesnes House of Hainault 1299–1304 1299–1304 Jan II … son of count count Jean I of Hainault by Aleida, daughter of Floris IV 1304–1337 1304–1337 Willem III, the Good … … son of Jan II 1337–1345 Willem IV, the Bold … … son of Willem III 1345–1354 1345–1354 Margaretha … daughter daughter of Willem III; abdicated, abdicated, died 1356


Wittelsbach House of Bavaria 1354–1389 Willem V, the Fool … … son of Margaretha by emperor Ludwig IV 1389–1404 1389–1404 Albrecht … brother brother of Willem V; regent regent since 1358 1404–1417 1404–1417 Willem VI … son of Albrecht 1417–1433 1417–1433 Jacoba … daughter daughter of Willem VI; abdicated, died 1436 & 1418–1422 1418–1422 Jan III of Brabant … married Jacoba; Jacoba; son of duke Anton of Brabant; Brabant; divorced, died 1427 & 1422–1428 1422–1428 Humfred of Gloucester … married Jacoba; Jacoba; son of king Henry IV of England; England; divorced, died 1447 Valois House of Burgundy 1433–1467 1433–1467 Filips I, the Good … … son of duke Jean II of Burgundy, 1467–1477 Karel I, the Rash … son of Filips I 1477–1482 1477–1482 Maria … daughter of Karel I Habsburg House of Austria 1482–1506 1482–1506 Filips II, the Handsome … son of Maria by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 1504–1506 1506–1549 1506–1549 Karel II … son of Filips II; abdicated; Castile 1506–15 1506–1556; 56; Aragón Aragón and Sicily 1516–1556; 1516–1556; Naples 1516–1554; Empire 1519–1558 (to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; to the Netherlands 1581; etc.)

HOLSTEIN (SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN)

The county of Holstein in Lower Saxony was ruled by the counts of Schaumburg (or Schauenburg) since the beginning of the 12 th century. The dynasty divided into several branches, branches, of which the most important was the line of Holstein-Rendsburg, Holstein-Rendsburg, which obtained the duchy of Schleswig in 1386. The throne passed to the House of Oldenburg in 1459, and Holstein Holstein became a duchy in 1474. 1474. By this time the House of Oldenburg also ruled the kingdoms of Denmark and Norway, and Schleswig and Holstein were typically conferred on junior members of the royal house, with a proliferation proliferation of non-sovereign lines of dukes. dukes. The two main, and sovereign, sovereign, branches of the ducal house were the dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Segeberg Schleswig-Holstein-Segeberg (simultaneously kings of Denmark) and the dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp. Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp. The latter branch was inherited by the former in 1771, 1771, but the male line became extinct in 1863. 1863. The duke of the hitherto non-sovereign non-sovereign branch of Glückburg succeeded to the throne of Denmark as king Christian IX in 1863, but was defeated in war against Austria and Prussia in his attempt to keep Schleswig-Holsten. Schleswig-Holsten. The duchies were turned over to the joint administration administration of Austria Austria and Prussia by treaty in 1864, and Prussia annexed them after defeating Austria in 1866. Counts of Holstein House of Schaumburg 1110–1130 1110–1130 Adolf I … son of (?) Adolf 1131–1164 1131–1164 Adolf II … son of Adolf I 1164–1203 1164–1203 Adolf III … son of Adolf II; deposed, died 1225 Ascanian House of Ballenstedt 1204–1227 1204–1227 Albrecht … son of of count Siegfried III of Weimar-Orlamünde; Weimar-Orlamünde; deposed, deposed, died 1245 House of Schaumburg 1227–1239 Adolf IV, Barefoot … … son of Adolf III; abdicated, died 1261 1239–1261 Johann I … son of Adolf IV; to Kiel 1261–1263 & 1239–1261 1239–1261 Gerhard I … son of Adolf Adolf IV; to Itzehoe 1261–129 1261–12900 (division into Kiel and Itzehoe 1261)

1261–1263 1261–1263 1263–1308 & 1263–1315

Counts of Holstein in Kiel Johann I … son of Adolf IV of Holstein; Holstein; Holstein Holstein 1239–1261 1239–1261 Adolf V, the Pomeranian … son of Johann I; in Segeberg 1273 Johann II, the One-Eyed … … son of Johann I; in Kiel 1273; deposed, died c .1321 .1321


+ Adolf … son of Johann II; associated in Segeberg 1308–1315 (to Holstein-Plön 1315)

1239–1290 1239–1290

1290–1312 1290–1312 1312–1359 & 1312–1317 1312–1317 1317–1350 1317–1350 1359–1390 1359–1390

1290–1315 1290–1315 1315–1353 1315–1353 1353–1366 1353–1366 & 1353–1404 1353–1404 & 1353–c .1361 .1361 1404–1426 1404–1426 1426–1464 1426–1464 1464–1474 1464–1474 & 1464–1492 1464–1492 & 1464–1510 1464–1510 1492–1526 1492–1526 1498–1527 1498–1527 1527–1531 1527–1531 1531–1544 1531–1544 & 1531–1560 1531–1560 & 1531–1576 1531–1576 & 1531–1581 1576–1601 1576–1601 & 1576–1622 1576–1622 1581–1593 1593–1635 1593–1635 1635–1640 1635–1640 1640–1643 1640–1643

1290–1304 1290–1304 1304–1340 1304–1340 1340–1384 1340–1384 & 1340–1397 1340–1397

Counts of Holstein in Itzehoe Gerhard I … son of Adolf IV of Holstein; Holstein 1239–1261 1239–1261 (division into Itzehoe-Plön, Rendsburg, and Schamburg-Pinneburg 1290) Counts of Holstein in Itzehoe and Plön Gerhard II, the Blind … … son of Gerhard I Johann III, the Mild … … son of Gerhard II; acquired Kiel and Segeberg 1315 Gerhard IV … son of Gerhard II; in Segeberg 1316 Gerhard V … son of Gerhard IV; in Segeberg Adolf IX … son of Johann III (to Holstein-Rendsburg 1390) Counts of Holstein in i n Schaumburg and Pinneberg Adolf VI … son of Gerhard I of Holstein-Itzehoe Adolf VII … son of Adolf VI Adolf VIII … son of Adolf VII Otto I … son of Adolf VII Simon … son of Adolf VII Adolf X … son of Otto I Otto II … son of Adolf X Adolf XII … son of Otto II Erich … son of Otto II Otto III … son of Otto II Anton … son of Otto II Johann IV … son of Otto II Jobst I … son of Johann IV Adolf XIII … son of Jobst Jobst I; in Pinneberg 1533; 1533; abdicated; abdicated; archbishop archbishop of Cologne 1546–1556 1546–1556 Johann V … son son of Jobst I; in Bückeburg 1533 Otto IV … son of Jobst I; in Schaumburg 1533; 1533; bishop bishop of Hildesheim Jobst II … son of Jobst I; in Gemen 1533 Adolf XIV … son of Otto IV; in Schaumburg Ernst … son of Otto IV; IV; in Schaumburg; prince of Schaumburg 1619 Heinrich V … son of Jobst II; in Gemen Jobst Hermann Hermann … son of Heinrich V; in Gemen; Gemen; prince of Schaumburg Schaumburg 1622 1622 Otto V … son of Georg Georg Hermann, Hermann, son of Jobst II; prince of Schaumburg Schaumburg Elisabeth … mother of Otto V; daughter of count Simon VI VI of Lippe; abdicated, abdicated, died 1646 (Schaumburg-Bückeburg (Schaumburg-Bückeburg to Schaumburg-Lippe Schaumburg-Lippe 1643; the rest to Brunswick-Lüneburg Brunswick-Lüneburg and Hesse-Cassel) Counts of Holstein in i n Rendsburg, Dukes of Schleswig Heinrich I … son of Gerhard I of Holstein-Itzehoe Gerhard III, the Great … … son of Heinrich I Heinrich II, the Iron … son of Gerhard III Nikolaus … son of Gerhard III


1384–1404 1384–1404 & 1384–1403 1384–1403 & 1384–1421 1384–1421 1404–1427 1404–1427 & 1404–1459 1404–1459 & 1404–1433 1404–1433 House of Oldenburg 1459–1474 1459–1474

1474–1481 1474–1481 1481–1490 & 1481–1490 1481–1490

1490–1513 1490–1513 1513–1523 1513–1523 1523–1533 1523–1533 1533–1559 1533–1559 1559–1588 1559–1588 1588–1648 1588–1648 1648–1670 1648–1670 1670–1699 1670–1699 1699–1730 1699–1730 1730–1746 1730–1746 1746–1766 1746–1766 1766–1808 1766–1808 1808–1839 1808–1839 1839–1848 1839–1848 1848–1863 1848–1863 1863–1864 1863–1864

1490–1533 1490–1533 1533–1580 1533–1580

Gerhard VI … son son of Heinrich II; duke of Schleswig Schleswig 1386 Albrecht II … son of Heinrich II Heinrich III … son of Heinrich Heinrich II; bishop bishop of of Osnabrück Osnabrück Heinrich IV … son of Gerhard VI Adolf XI … son of Gerhard VI Gerhard VII … son of Gerhard VI Christian … son of count Dietrich Dietrich of Oldenburg by Hedwig, daughter daughter of Gerhard VI; Denmark 1448–1481; 1448–1481; Norway 1450–1481; 1450–1481; Sweden 1457–1464; 1457–1464; duke of SchleswigHolstein 1474–1481 Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein Christian I … former count of Holstein Holstein and duke of Schleswig Schleswig Johann … son of Christian Christia n I; Denmark 1481–1513; Norway 1483–1513; to Segeberg Segeber g 1490–1513 Friedrich I … son of Christian Christian I; Denmark and and Norway Norway 1523–1533; 1523–1533; to Gottorp Gottorp 1490–1533 1490–1533 (division into Segeberg and Gottorp) Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein in Segeberg and Glückstadt Johann … son of Christian Christian I of Schleswig-Holstein; Schleswig-Holstein; Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein 1481–1490; 1481–1490; Denmark 1481–1513; Norway 1483–1513; Sweden 1497–1501 Christian II … son of Johann; also also Denmark and Norway; Norway; Sweden 1520–1521; 1520–1521; deposed, died died 1559 Friedrich I … brother brother of Johann; also Denmark and Norway Christian III … son son of Friedrich I; in Glückstadt; Glückstadt; Denmark Denmark and Norway 1534–155 1534–15599 Friedrich II … son son of Christian III; also also Denmark Denmark and Norway Christian IV … son of of Friedrich Friedrich II; also Denmark and Norway Friedrich III … son of Christian IV; also also Denmark Denmark and Norway Christian V … son of Friedrich Friedrich III; also Denmark and Norway Friedrich IV … son of Christian V; also also Denmark Denmark and and Norway Christian VI, the Pious … son of Friedrich IV; also Denmark and Norway Friedrich V … son of Christian Christian VI; also also Denmark Denmark and Norway Christian VII … son of Friedrich Friedrich V; also Denmark and Norway Friedrich VI … son of Christian Christian VII; also Denmark; Norway 1808–1814 1808–1814 Christian VIII … son of Friedrich, Friedrich, son of Friedrich VI; also Denmark; Norway Norway 1814 1814 Friedrich VII … son of Christian VIII; also also Denmark Christian IX … son of duke Wilhelm of of Glücksburg, Glücksburg, son of duke Friedrich Karl Karl of Beck, Beck, son of Karl Anton, son of duke Peter August, son of duke Friedrich Ludwig, son of duke August Philipp, son of duke Alexander of Sonderburg, son of duke Johann, son of Christian III; abdicated; Denmark 1863–1906 – Friedrich VIII … son of duke Christian of Augustenburg, son of duke Friedrich Christian II, son of duke Friedrich Christian I, son of duke Christian August, son of duke Friedrich Wilhelm, son of duke Ernst Günther, son of duke Alexander of Beck, son of duke Johann, son of Christian III; rival 1863–1866; 1863–1866; deposed, died 1880 (to Austria and Prussia 1864; to Prussia 1866) Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein in Gottorp Friedrich I … son of duke Christian I of Schleswig-Holstein; Schleswig-Holstein; Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein 1481–1490; 1481–1490; Denmark and Norway 1523–1533 Johann, the Elder … … son of Friedrich I; in Hadersleben


& 1533–1586 1533–1586 1586–1587 1586–1587 1587–1590 1587–1590 1590–1616 1590–1616 1616–1659 1616–1659 1659–1675 1659–1675 1675–1679 1675–1679 1679–1683 1679–1683 1683–1689 1683–1689 1689–1695 1689–1695 1695–1702 1695–1702 1702–1739 1702–1739 1739–1762 1739–1762 1762–1773 1762–1773

Adolf … son of Friedrich I; in Gottorp Friedrich II … son of Adolf Philipp … son of Adolf Johann Adolf … son of of Adolf; archbishop of Bremen Bremen and and bishop bishop of Lübeck Friedrich III … son of Johann Adolf Christian Albrecht … son son of Friedrich III; bishop of Lübeck; deposed (to Denmark) Christian Albrecht … restored; deposed (to Denmark) Christian Albrecht … restored Friedrich IV … son of Christian Albrecht Karl Friedrich … son of Friedrich IV Karl Peter Ulrich Ulrich … son of Karl Karl Friedrich; Friedrich; Russia Russia 1762 Paul … son of Karl Peter Peter Ulrich; Ulrich; abdicated; abdicated; Russia 1796–1801 1796–1801 (to Denmark 1773; to Prussia 1864) HORNE (HOORN)

The lords of Horne Horne in the Netherlands Netherlands were maternal maternal descendants of the counts of of Altena. The line th th maintained itself from the 12 to the 16 century and the lord of Horne was promoted promoted to count in 1450. On the extinction of the male line in 1540, the county was inherited inherited by the House of Montmorency. Count Filips distinguished himself in Habsburg Habsburg service but then opposed Spanish rule and was executed for treason. After a disputed succession, Horne Horne was acquired by the bishopric of Liège Liège (Lüttich) in 1614. In 1677 a principality principality was created for the count of Baucignies, a descendant of the ancient lords of Horne, in Overijse within the Spanish Netherlands. The third prince was promoted to imperial prince in 1736, 1736, but with his death the male line became extinct. The principality passed to his son-in-law, son-in-law, the wildgrave/rhinegrave wildgrave/rhinegrave of Salm-Kyrburg. Lords and Counts of Horne House of Horne 1304–1331 1304–1331 Gerard I … son of Willem III of Horne 1331–1343 1331–1343 Willem V … son of Gerard I 1343–1345 1343–1345 Gerard II … son of Willem V 1345–c .1381 .1381 Willem VI … son of Willem V c .1381–1415 .1381–1415 Willem VII … son of Willem VI 1415–1433 1415–1433 Willem VIII … son of Willem VII 1433–1488 1433–1488 Jakob I … son of Willem VIII; count 1450 1488–1530 1488–1530 Jakob II … son of Jakob I 1530–1531 1530–1531 Jakob III … son of Jakob II 1531–1540 Jan … son of Jakob II House of Montmorency 1540–1568 1540–1568 Filips … son of Joseph, son son of Philippe of Montmorency Montmorency by Maria, daughter daughter of Frederik of Montigny, son of Jakob I; adopted son of Jan, who had married Filips’ mother Anna of Egmond 1568–1570 1568–1570 Floris … brother of Filips (disputed succession/to the bishopric of Liège 1570/1614)


Counts of Baucignies and Princes of Horne House of Horne 1605–1612 1605–1612

1612–1656 1612–1656 1656–1709 1656–1709 1709–1718 1709–1718 1718–1763 1718–1763

Gerard … son of Jan of Baucignies, Baucignies, son of of Filips, son son of Jan, Jan, son of of Filips of Gaesbeek, son son of Jan, son of Arnold of Baucignies, Baucignies, son of Diederik, Diederik, son of Willem V; count count of Baucignies Baucignies Ambrosius … son of Gerard Eugenius Maximiliaan … son of Ambrosius; prince 1677 Filips Emanuel … son of Eugenius Maximiliaan Maximiliaan Emanuel … son son of of Filips Filips Emanuel; Emanuel; imperial prince 1736 30 (to Salm-Kyrburg 1763 ; to France 1795; to the Netherlands 1815) HOYA

The county of Hoya in in lower Saxony was at one one time vassal of the archbishop archbishop of Bremen. In the late 13 th century the lords of Hoya were were promoted to counts. In 1324 the comital comital lineage divided into two two lines, one ruling from Hoya (the “Lower County”), County”), the other from Nienburg (the “Upper County”). County”). In 1503 the count of Nienburg inherited Hoya, where the male line had become extinct. extinct. When the last count died without male heirs in 1582, his lands passed mostly to Brunswick-Lüneburg, with smaller portions passing to Hesse-Cassel and Oldenburg. The conventional numbering numbering of the counts includes numerous numerous non-reigning non-reigning members of the family, among them bishops of Hildesheim, Minden, Münster, and Osnabrück, Paderborn, and Verden, and an archbishop of Bremen. Counts of Hoya, then the Lower County House of Stumpenhausen 1204–1235 1204–1235 Heinrich I … son of Wedekind of Stumpenhausen 1235–1290 1235–1290 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich I 1290–1278: 1290–1278: Johann I … son of Heinrich II; count 1276 & 1290–c .1312 .1312 Gerhard II … son of Heinrich II & 1290–1324 1290–1324 Otto II … son of Heinrich II 1324–1383 1324–1383 Gerhard III … son of Otto II & 1324–1345 1324–1345 Johann III … son of Otto II; to Nienburg 1345–1377 1345–1377 1383–1428 1383–1428 Otto III … son of Gerhard II 1428–1451 1428–1451 Otto V … son of Otto III 1451–1497 1451–1497 Otto VII … son of Otto V & 1451–1503 1451–1503 Friedrich II … son of Otto V (to Hoya-Nienburg 1503)

1345–1377 1377–1426: 1377–1426: :1427–1466 :1427–1466 1466–1507 1466–1507 1507–1545 1507–1545 & 1507–1535 1507–1535 & 1507–1547 1507–1547 1545–1563 1545–1563 & 1545–1582 1545–1582

Counts of Hoya in Nienburg (Upper County), then all Hoya Johann II … son of count Otto II of Hoya; Hoya 1324–1345 Erich I … son of Johann II Johann V … son of Erich I Jobst I … son of Johann Johann V; inherited inherited Hoya 1503 Jobst II … son of Jobst I Johann VII … son of Jobst I Erich IV … son of Jobst I Albrecht II … son of Jobst II Otto VIII … son of Jobst II

30 Maximilian Emanuel’s daughter Maria Theresia had

Kyrburg.

married wildgrave/rhinegrave wildgrave/rhinegrave Philipp Joseph of Salm-


& 1545–1575 1545–1575

Erich V … son of Jobst II (divided between Brunswick-Lüneburg/Calenberg, Hesse-Cassel, and Oldenburg 1582) ISENBURG

The ancient noble family of Isenburg ruled lands northeast and southeast of Frankfurt in Franconia, and subdivided into a great many lines over the course of more than six centuries, with two main branches designated Upper and and Lower Isenburg. In 1442 Diether I of Büdingen was was promoted to count. In 1601 count Wolfgang Ernst I of Isenburg-Birstein-Offenbach, Isenburg-Birstein-Offenbach, who died in 1633, reunited all the possessions of Upper Isenburg, and in 1628 divided them among his sons, establishing the two major lines of Isenburg-OffebachBirstein and and Isenburg-Büdingen. Isenburg-Büdingen. With the adoption adoption of primogeniture in in 1712, the family’s further subdivisions into branches branches ceased. In 1744 Wolfgang Wolfgang Ernst I of Isenburg-Birstein was the first in the family to be promoted to prince, and in 1806 his grandson Karl joined the Confederation of the Rhine, for which he was made sovereign prince of Isenburg, and and rewarded with authority over the rest of the family family lands. In 1815 the Congress of Vienna mediatized the principality, which was divided between its neighbors Hesse-Cassel and Hesse-Darmstadt. Hesse-Darmstadt. The list below does not include the branches of the family that never attained sovereignty. sovereignty. Counts of Isenburg in Büdingen, in Büdingen, Birstein, and Offenbach House of Isenburg 1408–1461 1408–1461 1461–1511 1461–1511

1511–1533 1511–1533 1533–1568 1533–1568 & 1533–1596 1533–1596 & 1533–158 1533–15888 1596–1628 1596–1628 1628–1635 1628–1635

1635–1641 1635–1641 & 1635–1685 1635–1685 & 1635–1664 1635–1664 1685–1711 & 1685–171 1685–17111 & 1685–1711 1685–1711 1711–1744 1711–1744 & 1711–1718 1711–1718

1744–1754 1744–1754 1754–1803 1754–1803 1803–1815 1803–1815 31 French

Diether I … son of Johann Johann II of Büdingen; count 1442 Ludwig II … son of Diether I; purchased Birstein 1438 Philipp I … son of Ludwig II; to Ronneburg, Kelsterbach 1511–1526 (line extinct 1601) Diether II … son of Ludwig II; to Wächtersbach 1511–1521 1511–1521 Johann V … son son of Ludwig II; in in Birstein Reinhard … son of Johann V; in Offenbach Philipp II … son of Johann V; in Birstein Ludwig III … son of Johann V; in Offenbach Wolfgang Ernst I … son of Philipp Philipp II; abdicated, abdicated, died died 1633 Wolfgang Heinrich … son of Wolfgang Ernst I + Philipp Ernst … son of Wolfgang Ernst I; in Büdingen 1628–1635 + Wilhelm Otto … son of Wolfgang Ernst I; in Birstein 1628–1635; abdicated, died 1667 + Ludwig Arnold … son of Wolfgang Ernst I; in Wächtersbach 1628–1662 Johann Ernst … son of Wolfgang Wolfgang Ernst I; to Büdingen 1628–1673 1628–1673 (line continued) Wolfgang Ernst II … son of Wolfgang Heinrich; in Birstein 31 Johann Ludwig … son of Wolfgang Wolfgang Heinrich; in Offenbach; Offenbach; Birstein Birstein 1641 1641 Christian Moritz … son of Wolfgang Wolfgang Heinrich; in Offenbach; Offenbach; Birstein Birstein 1641 1641 Johann Philipp … son of Johann Ludwig; to Philippseich Philippsei ch 1711–1718 Wilhelm Moritz I … son of Johann Ludwig; in Birstein Georg Ludwig Ludwig … son of Johann Ludwig; to Eisenberg 1711–? 1711–? (line extinct 1758) Wolfgang Ernst III … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm Moritz I; Offenbach Offenbach 1718; 1718; prince 1744–1754 1744–1754 Wilhelm Moritz Moritz II … son of Wilhelm Moritz I; to Philippseich Philippseich 1718–1772 1718–1772 (line continued) continued) Princes of Isenburg and Büdingen, Princes of Isenburg Wolfgang Ernst I … former count of Isenburg-Birstein 1711–1744 1711–1744 Wolfgang Ernst II … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm Emich, son of Wolfgang Ernst I; Eisenberg 1758 Karl … son of Wolfgang Ernst II; prince of Isenburg 1806; 1806; mediatized, mediatized, died 1820 (divided between Hesse-Cassel and Hesse-Darmstadt Hesse-Darmstadt 1815)

occupation 1635–1643. 1635–1643.


JÜLICH

The county of Jülich belonged to Lower Lorraine and was established in the 11 th century. century. In the 13th and 14 th centuries the county clashed with the powerful archbishop archbishop of nearby Cologne. In 1356 count Wilhelm V was promoted to duke by emperor Karl IV, and in the 1370s the duke of Jülich successfully claimed the duchy of Guelders by inheritance. On the extinction of the comital line in 1423, Jülich Jülich and Guelders passed to different heirs, and Jülich joined the neighboring principalities principalities of Berg in 1423, and Cleves and Mark in 1521. 1521. This large and prosperous agglomeration was dissolved after the extinction of the House of Mark in 1609, when the territory was disputed between the Wittlesbach House of the Palatinate-Neuburg and the Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg. The Treaty of Xanten in 1614 1614 allotted Jülich and Berg to the Palatinate Palatinate (and later Bavaria). Jülich was occupied occupied by France in 1794, 1794, but the Congress of Vienna Vienna in 1815 turned it over to to Prussia, except for for a small part, which was allotted to the Netherlands. Counts of Jülich House of Jülich :1085–1127: :1085–1127: :1129–1143: :1129–1143: :1147–1176 :1147–1176 1176–1207 1176–1207 House of Hengebach 1207–1218 1207–1218 1218–1278 1218–1278 1278–1297 1278–1297 1297–1328 1297–1328 1328–1356

Gerhard III … son son of count Gerhard II of Jülichgau Gerhard IV … son of Gerhard III Wilhelm I … son of Gerhard IV Wilhelm II, the Great … … son of Wilhelm I Wilhelm III … son of Eberhard Eberhard I of Hengebach by Jutta, Jutta, daughter of Wilhelm I Wilhelm IV … son of Wilhelm III Walram … son of Wilhelm IV Gerhard V … son of Wilhelm IV Wilhelm V … son of Gerhard V; duke of Jülich 1356–1361

Dukes of Jülich 1356–1361 Wilhelm I … former count of Jülich 1328–1356 1361–1393 1361–1393 Wilhelm II … son of Wilhelm I; associated associated 1343 1393–1402 1393–1402 Wilhelm III … son of Wilhelm II 1402–1423 Rainald … son of Wilhelm II Ravensberg House of Berg 1423–1437 1423–1437 Adolf … son of duke Wilhelm Wilhelm I of Berg, son of count Gerhard of Berg, son of Wilhelm I 1437–1475 1437–1475 Gerhard … son of of count Wilhelm of Ravensberg, Ravensberg, son of Wilhelm I 1475–1511 1475–1511 Wilhelm IV … son of Gerhard Berg House of Mark-Altena 1511–1539 Johann, the Peaceable … husband of Maria, daughter of Wilhelm IV; son of duke Johann II of Cleves 1539–1592 Wilhelm V, the Rich … son of Johann 1592–1609 Johann Wilhelm … son of Wilhelm V; bishop of Münster 1574–1585 (divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neuburg Palatinate-Neuburg 1609; to the Palatinate-Neuburg 1614, united with the Palatinate 1685, and with Bavaria 1777; to France 1794; to Prussia 1815) KATZENELNBOGEN

The county of Katzenelnbogen emerged in the 12 th century, in two separate areas of Franconia: Lower Katzenelnbogen, located around this castle to the northwest of Wiesbaden, and Upper Katzenelnbogen around Darmstadt to the southeast of Mainz. In the 12th century the family provided bishops of Osnabrück and


Münster. In 1260 the family divided into into two lines, the elder in Lower, the younger in Upper Katzenelnbogen. Katzenelnbogen. The division lasted until until 1403, when the younger younger branch inherited the elder. On the extinction of the male male line of counts in 1479, the county was inherited by the landgraves of Hesse-Marburg. Counts of Katzenelnbogen House of Katzenelnbogen c .1102–1160 .1102–1160 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich Heinrich I of Katzenelnbogen; count 1138 1160–c .1173 .1173 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II c .1173– .1173– c .1179 .1179 Berthold I … son of Heinrich II c .1179–1211: .1179–1211: Berthold II … son of Berthold I & c .1179–1214: .1179–1214: Diether III … son of Berthold I :1219–c .1245 .1245 Diether IV … son of Diether III c .1245–1260 .1245–1260 Diether V … son of Diether Diether IV; to Lower Lower Katzenelnbogen Katzenelnbogen 1260–1276 1260–1276 & c .1245–1260 .1245–1260 Eberhard I … son of Diether Diether IV; to Upper Upper Katzenelnbogen Katzenelnbogen 1260–1311 1260–1311 (division into Upper and Lower Katzenelnbogen 1260)

1260–1276 1260–1276 1276–1331

1331–1385 1331–1385 & 1331–1403 1331–1403

1260–1311 1260–1311 1311–1312 1311–1312 & 1311–1321 1311–1321 1312–1329 1312–1329 & 1312–1357 1321–1328 1321–1328 & 1321–1332 1321–1332 1328–1354 1328–1354 1357–1402 1357–1402 1402–1444 1402–1444 1444–1479

Counts of Lower Katzenelnbogen Diether V … son of count count Diether Diether IV of Katzenelnbogen; Katzenelnbogen; Katzenelnbogen c .1245–1260 .1245–1260 Wilhelm I … son of Diether V + Diether VI … son of Diether V; associated in Lichtenberg 1276–1315 1276–1315 + Diether VII … son of Diether VI; associated in Lichtenberg 1315–1325 + Johann I … son of Wilhelm I; associated 1325–:1331 Wilhelm II … son of Wilhelm I Eberhard V … son of Wilhelm I (to Upper Katzenelnbogen 1403) Counts of Upper Katzenelnbogen Eberhard I … son of of count Diether IV of Katzenelnbogen; Katzenelnbogen; Katzenelnbogen c .1245–1260 .1245–1260 Gerhard … son of Eberhard I Berthold III … son of Eberhard I Eberhard II … son of Gerhard Johann II … son of Gerhard Eberhard III … son of Eberhard II Johann III … son of Eberhard II Eberhard IV … son of Eberhard III Diether VIII … son of Johann II Johann IV … son of of Diether VIII; inherited inherited Lower Lower Katzenelnbogen Katzenelnbogen 1403 32 Philipp, the Elder … … son of Johann IV (to Hesse-Marburg 1479 33; to Hesse-Cassel 1500; Upper Katzenelnbogen to HesseDarmstadt and Lower Katzenelnbogen to Hesse-Rheinfels 1567; part of Katzenelnbogen to Nassau 1801; to Prussia 1866)

32 Johann IV had married Eberhard V’s

daughter Anna.

33 Philipp’s daughter Anna had married landgrave Heinrich III of Hesse,

1479.

who succeeded his father-in-law in


KAUNITZ-RIETBERG

The small county of Rietberg in Westphalia was governed by the Cuyk House of Werl-Arnsberg until the late 16th cenutry. The county was was inherited by the East East Frisian House House of Cirksena in 1584/1586. 1584/1586. The Moravian lords of Kaunitz acquired the county of Rietberg by marriage, and in 1764 Wenzel Anton was promoted to prince of the Holy Roman Empire. He served as Austria’s foreign minister for four decades from 1753 to 1794. In 1807 Rietberg was mediatized mediatized in favor of Westphalia, and in 1815 it passed to Prussia. Prussia. Counts of Rietberg Cuyk House of Werl-Arnsberg c .1203– .1203– c .1217 .1217 Heinrich II … son son of count Heinrich I of of Werl-Arnsberg 1237–1262 1237–1262 Konrad I … son of Heinrich Heinrich II; abdicated, abdicated, died 1284: 1284: 1262–1282 1262–1282 Friedrich I … son of Konrad I 1282–1313 1282–1313 Konrad II … son of Friedrich I & 1282–1323 1282–1323 Friedrich II … son of Friedrich I 1313–1347 1313–1347 Otto I … son of Konrad II 1347–1365 1347–1365 Konrad III … son of Otto I 1365–1389 1365–1389 Otto II … son of Konrad III 1389–1428 1389–1428 Konrad IV … son of Otto II 1428–1472 1428–1472 Konrad V … son of Konrad IV 1472–1516 Johann I … son of Konrad V 1516–1535 1516–1535 Otto III … son of Johann I 1535–1553 1535–1553 Otto IV … son of Otto III & 1535–1562 Johann II, the Mad … … son of Otto III 34 1562–1584 1562–1584 Armagard … daughter of Johann II & 1568–1575 1568–1575 Erich of Hoya … married married Armgard; Armgard; son of count Jobst II of Hoya & 1578–1584 1578–1584 Simon of Lippe … married Armgard; son son of count Bernhard Bernhard VIII of Lippe; died 1613 1613 1584–1586 1584–1586 Walburgis … daughter of Johann II & 1584–1586 1584–1586 Enno of Ostfriesland … husband husband of Walburgis; son of count Edzard Edzard II of Ostfriesland; Ostfriesland; died 1625 Cirksena House of Ostfriesland 1586–1618 1586–1618 Sabina Catharina … daughter of Enno and Walburgis & 1601–1625 1601–1625 Johann III of Ostfriesland … married Sabina Catharina; Catharina; brother brother of Enno; died 1625 1625–1640 1625–1640 Ernst Christoph Christoph … son of Johann III and and Sabina Sabina Catharina 1640–1660 1640–1660 Johann IV … son of Johann III and and Sabina Sabina Catharina 1660–1677 1660–1677 Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Johann IV 1677–1680 1677–1680 Franz Adolf Adolf Wilhelm Wilhelm … son son of of Johann Johann IV; abdicated, abdicated, died 1690 1680–1687 1680–1687 Ferdinand Maximilian … son of Johann IV 1687–1746 1687–1746 Maria Ernestine Francisca … daughter daughter of Ferdinand Maximilian; Maximilian; abdicated, abdicated, died 1758 & 1699–1746 1699–1746 Maximilian Ulrich … married Maria Maria Ernestine Ernestine Francisca; Francisca; son of Dominik Dominik Andreas Andreas of Kaunitz House of Kaunitz 1746–1794 1746–1794 Wenzel Anton … son of Maximilian Ulrich; prince 1764 1794–1797 1794–1797 Ernst Christoph … son of Wenzel Anton 1797–1807 1797–1807 Dominik Andreas … son son of of Wenzel Wenzel Anton; mediatized, died 1812 1812 (to Westphalia 1807; to Prussia 1815)

34 In Imperial captivity from 1557.


KIBURG

The Swabian counts of Kiburg (or Kyburg) northeast of Zürich controlled a sizable territory south of Konstanz in what is now northeastern Switzerland, Switzerland, including the landgraviate of Burgundy east of Bern. By the marriage of count Ulrich with Anna of Zähringen in the late 12 th century, they inherited the Zähringen lands on the left bank of the Rhine. When the male line of counts became became extinct in 1264, 1264, Kiburg came under the control of the House of Habsburg, significantly significantly augmenting its pre-existing pre-existing Swabian possessions. In 1271 king Rudolf I invested his cousin Eberhard I of Habsburg-Laufenburg with a portion of the Kiburg inheritance, the landgraviate of Burgundy Burgundy (Neu-Kiburg), and married him to Anna, the daughter of count Hartmann V. The Habsburg counts of Neu Kiburg gradually became dependent on the neighboring Swiss city of Bern, and sold their remaining possessions possessions to it in 1406–1408. Kiburg was retained by the Austrian Habsburgs, Habsburgs, until turned over to a succession of noble houses starting in 1377. 1377. It returned to Austria in 1442, then passed to the Zürich in 1452. Counts of Kiburg House of Dillingen 1151–1180 1151–1180 1180–1227 1180–1227 1227–1228 1227–1228 & 1227–1264 1227–1264 1228–1263 House of Habsburg 1264–1283 1264–1283

1283–1290 1283–1290 1290–1309

1271–1284 1271–1284 1284–1301 1284–1301 1301–1322 1322–1357 1322–1357 1357–1360 1357–1360 1360–1377 1360–1377 1377–1383: 1377–1383: & 1377–1379 1377–1379 & 1377–1408 1377–1408 & 1377–1379 1377–1379 :1384–1408 :1384–1408

Hartmann III … son son of count Adalbert I of of Dillingen Dillingen Ulrich … son of Hartmann III; husband of Anna, Anna, daughter of duke Berthold IV of Zähringen Zähringen Werner … son of Ulrich Hartmann IV … son of Ulrich Hartmann V … son of Werner Rudolf I … son of count Albrecht IV of Habsburg Habsburg by Hedwig, daughter daughter of Ulrich; abdicated; abdicated; German king 1272–1291 Rudolf II … son of Rudolf I Johann, the Parricide … son of Rudolf II; deposed, died 1313 (to Habsburg Austria 1309; delegated to various noble houses 1377; to Zürich 1424; to Austria 1442; to Zürich 1452) Counts of Neu-Kiburg (Burgdorf), landgraves of Burgundy Eberhard I … son of count count Rudolf I of Habsburg-Laufenburg; Habsburg-Laufenburg; married married Anna, daughter of count Hartmann V of Kiburg Hartmann I … son of Eberhard I Hartmann II … son of Hartmann I; landgrave in Burgundy 1313 Eberhard II … son of Hartmann I Eberhard III … son of Eberhard II; abdicated, abdicated, died 1395 Hartmann III … son of Eberhard II Rudolf … son of Hartmann III Eberhard IV … son of Hartmann III Egon … son of Hartmann III; sold remnants of of county 1406–1408; 1406–1408; died 1414 Hartmann IV … son of Hartmann III; abdicated, abdicated, died 1401: Berchtold … son of Eberhard II; died 1417 (to Bern/Switzerland by 1408) KLETTGAU

Much of Klettgau, a region of Swabia lying just north of the Danube, was ruled by the counts of Habsburg since the 10th century. In the 1230s a particular branch branch of the House of of Habsburg established established itself at Laufenburg in Fricktal, just south of the Rhine, and acquired control over portions of neighboring region,


including the landgraviate landgraviate of Klettgau to the northeast. On the extinction of the the male line in 1408, 1408, the landgraviate passed by marriage marriage to the counts of Sulz. When that family became extinct in the male line in 1687, the landgraviate was acquired by prince Ferdinand Wilhelm Eusebius of Schwarzenberg, who had married Maria Anna, the daughter and heiress of the landgrave landgrave Johann Ludwig II. In 1694 the new landgrave of Klettgau was promoted promoted to princely rank. When the House of Schwarzenberg Schwarzenberg was mediatized in 1806, 1806, Klettgau passed to the Grand Duchy of Bade. Counts of Habsburg in Laufenburg, landgraves of Klettgau House of Habsburg :1239–1249 :1239–1249 1249–1271 1249–1271 & 1249–1253 1249–1253 & 1249–1271 1249–1271 1271–1314: 1271–1314: :1315–1337 :1315–1337 1337–1380 1337–1380 & 1337–1383 1337–1383 & 1337–1375 1337–1375 1380–1392 1380–1392 1383–1408 1383–1408 1408–1410 1408–1410

Rudolf I, the Silent … … son of count Rudolf II of Habsburg Gottfried I … son of Rudolf I Werner … son of Rudolf I Eberhard … son son of Rudolf I; to Neu-Kiburg 1271–1284 1271–1284 Rudolf II … son of Gottfried I Johann I … son of Rudolf Rudolf II; landgrave landgrave in Klettgau Klettgau 1325 Johann II … son of Johann I; in in Neu-Rapperswill Rudolf III … son of Johann I Gottfried II … son son of Johann I; in in Alt-Rapperswill Johann III … son son of Johann II; in Neu-Rapperswill Johann IV … son of Rudolf III Ursula … daughter daughter of Johann IV; abdicated, died 1460 Counts of Sulz, landgraves of Klettgau

House of Sulz 1410–1439 1410–1439 1439–1484 1439–1484 & 1439–1492: 1439–1492: & 1439–1487 1439–1487 :1493–1535 :1493–1535 1535–1547 1535–1547 1547–1565 & 1547–1552 1547–1552 & 1547–1572 1547–1572 1572–1620 & 1572–1616 1572–1616 1616–1628 1616–1628 1628–1648 1628–1648 1648–1687 1648–1687

Rudolf I of Sulz … husband husband of Ursula; son of count count Hermann Hermann VI of Sulz Johann … son of Rudolf I Alwig I … son of Rudolf I Rudolf II … son of Rudolf I Rudolf III … son of Alwig I Johann Ludwig I … son of Rudolf III Wilhelm … son of Johann Ludwig I Rudolf IV … son of Johann Ludwig I Alwig II … son of Johann Ludwig I Rudolf V, the Debtor … … son of Alwig II; in Klettgau 1583 Karl Ludwig, the Tall … … son of Alwig II; in Vaduz 1583 Alwig III … son of Karl Ludwig; abdicated, died 1632 Karl Ludwig Ludwig Ernst … son of Karl Ludwig; married married Maximiliana, Maximiliana, daughter of Rudolf V Johann Ludwig II … son of Karl Ludwig Ernst (to Schwarzenberg 1687; to Bade 1806) KÖNIGSEGG

The Swabian lordship of Königsegg was promoted to barony in 1470, and in 1567 baron Johann Jakob purchased the county of Rothenfels from his wife’s family. The family divided itself into three branches, at Königsegg, Rothenfels, Rothenfels, and Aulendorf, the latter two promoted to imperial counties in 1629. 1629. While Königsegg proper was inherited by Aulendorf in 1663, 1663, the remaining two lines survived survived until the end of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1804 Rothenfels was was sold to Austria (which ceded it to Bavaria the following following year) and in 1806 Königsegg-Aulendorf Königsegg-Aulendorf was mediatized in favor of Württemberg.


Barons of Königsegg House of Königseck 1470–1500 1470–1500 1500–1544 1500–1544 1544–1553 & 1544–1590 1544–1590 1590–1626 & 1590–1622 1590–1622

Marquard I … son of Johann III of Königsegg; baron 1470 Johann … son of Marquard I Johann Marquard … son of Johann Johann Jakob … son son of Johann; purchased Rothenfels 1567 Marquard II … son of Johann Jakob Georg … son of Johann Jakob Hugo … son of Georg; to Rothenfels 1622–1666 Johann Georg … son of Georg; to Aulendorf 1622–1666 1622–1666 1626–1663 1626–1663 Johann Wilhelm … son of Marquard II (to Aulendorf 1663)

1622–1666 1622–1666 1666–1694 1666–1694 1694–1709 1694–1709 1709–1736 1709–1736 1736–1759 1736–1759 1759–1771 1759–1771 1771–1804 1771–1804 1804

Counts of Königsegg in Rothenfels Hugo … son of baron baron Georg Georg of Königsegg; imperial count 1629 1629 Leopold Wilhelm … son of Hugo Siegmund Wilhelm … son of Leopold Wilhelm Albert Eusebius … son of Leopold Wilhelm Karl Ferdinand … son of Albert Eusebius Franz Hugo … son of Albert Eusebius Franz Fidelis … son son of Joseph Lothar, son of Franz Franz Hugo Hugo Johann … son of Franz Fidelis; sold county, died 1867 (to Austria 1804; to Bavaria 1805)

1622–1666 1622–1666 1666–1692 1666–1692 1692–1710 1710–1765 1710–1765 1765–1786 1765–1786 1786–1803 1786–1803 1803–1806 1803–1806

Counts of Königsegg in Aulendorf Johann Georg … son of of baron Georg of Königsegg; imperial count 1629 Anton Eusebius … son of Johann Georg Franz Maximilian … son of Anton Eusebius Karl Siegfried … son of Franz Maximilian Hermann Friedrich … son of Karl Siegfried Ernst … son of Hermann Friedrich Franz Xaver Xaver Karl … son of Ernst; Ernst; mediatized, died 1863 1863 (to Württemberg 1806) LEININGEN

The counts of Leiningen, since the 13 th century a branch of the comital House of Saarbrücken, divided into several lines in the 14 th century. By the mid-16th century their lands were reunited by the counts of LeiningenHardenburg, but the family divided its possessions again again in 1541. The elder of the two resulting lines remained relatively unified, and Karl Friedrich Wilhelm was was promoted to prince in 1779. His long reign ended, however, when the family family was mediatized mediatized in favor of Bade in 1806. 1806. The list includes includes only the princely princely line of the family. Counts and Princes of Leiningen in Hardenburg House of Nahegau c .1108–1117 .1108–1117 1117–c .1138 .1138 c .1138– .1138– c .1187 .1187

Emich I, the Crusader … … son of count Emich II of Nahegau Emich II … son of Emich I Emich III … son of Emich II


c .1187– .1187– c .1214 .1214 Friedrich I 35 … son of Emich III Saarbrücken House of Leiningen c .1214–1237 .1214–1237 Friedrich II … son of count Simon II of Saarbrücken by Liutgard, Liutgard, daughter Emich III 1237–1287 1237–1287 Friedrich III … son of Friedrich II; inherited Dagsburg & 1237–c .1279 .1279 Emich IV … son of Friedrich II; in Landeck c .1279–1289 .1279–1289 Emich V … son of Emich IV; in Landeck 1287–1316 1287–1316 Friedrich IV … son of Friedrich III 1316–1318 1316–1318 Friedrich V … son of Friedrich IV; to Leiningen 1317–1327 1317–1327 (line extinct extinct 1467) 1467) & 1318–1344 1318–1344 Gottfried … son of Friedrich IV 1344–1345 1344–1345 Friedmann … son of Gottfried; to Rixingen 1345– c .1366 .1366 (line extinct 1506) & 1344–1381 1344–1381 Emich VI … son of Gottfried 1381–1452 1381–1452 Emich VII … son of Emich VI 1452–1495 1452–1495 Emich VIII … son of Emich VII & 1452–c .1481 .1481 Schaffrid … son of Emich VII; in Guttenberg & 1452–c .1495 .1495 Bernhard … son of Emich VII; in Guntersblum 1495–1535 1495–1535 Emich IX … son of Emich VIII & 1495–1530 1495–1530 Hesso … son son of Emich VIII; in Aspremont 1535–1541 1535–1541 Emich X … son of Emich IX & 1535–1553 1535–1553 Engelhard … son of Emich IX; in Dagsburg & 1535–1558 1535–1558 Ludwig … son son of Emich IX; in Falkenburg & 1535–1540 1535–1540 Christoph … son of Emich IX; in Falkenburg 1541–1562 1541–1562 Johann Philipp I … son of Emich X & 1541–1560 1541–1560 Emich XI … son of Emich Emich X; to Falkenburg-Heideshem-Da Falkenburg-Heideshem-Dagsburg gsburg 1560–1593 1560–1593 (line continued) continued) 1562–1607 1562–1607 Emich XII … posthumous posthumous son of Johann Philipp I 1607–1643 1607–1643 Johann Philipp II … son of Emich XII & 1607–1623 1607–1623 Wolfgang Friedrich … son of Emich XII & 1607–1651 1607–1651 Friedrich X … son of Emich XII; in Dagsburg & 1607–1624 1607–1624 Georg Adolf … son of Emich XII 1643–1698 1643–1698 Friedrich Emich … son of Johann Philipp II & 1643–1666 1643–1666 Johann Philipp III … son of Johann Philipp II; in Emichsburg & 1643–1645 1643–1645 Adolf Christian … son of Johann Philipp II + Emich XIV … son of Friedrich Emich; associated in Emichsburg 1666–1684 1698–1722 1698–1722 Johann Friedrich … son of Friedrich Emich 1722–1756 1722–1756 Friedrich Magnus … son of Johann Friedrich & 1722–1747 1722–1747 Karl Ludwig … son son of Johann Friedrich; in in Emichsburg Emichsburg 1756–1806 1756–1806 Karl Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Friedrich Magnus; prince prince 1779; 1779; mediatized, mediatized, died 1807 (to Bade 1806)

LEUCHTENBERG

The count of Leuchtenberg in the Bavarian Nordgau (the Upper Palatinate) was raised to landgrave in 1196 as heir to the landgraves of Steffling. The Leuchtenberg family distinguished distinguished itself in royal service and and also served as governors of the area for the dukes of Bavaria. The male line became extinct in 1646, and Leuchtenberg Leuchtenberg was inherited by Albrecht of Bavaria. Bavaria. After the death of his nephew in 1705, 1705, Leuchtenberg was was given to the bishops of Bamberg, and after that to the House of Lamberg by the emperor, before returning to Bavaria in 1712. Two more Wittelsbach Wittelsbach princes ruled as landgraves landgraves until 1770. 1770. In 1817 Leuchtenberg Leuchtenberg was created a 35 Perhaps named Friedrich Emich.


duchy for Napoléon’s stepson Eugène de Beauharnais by his father-in-law, father-in-law, king Maximilian I of Bavaria. The duchy remained an honorary title. Counts and Landgraves of Leuchtenberg House of Leuchtenberg c .1120–1146 .1120–1146 Gebhard I … lord of Leuchtenberg 1146–c .1150 .1150 Friedrich I … son of Gebhard I & 1146–c .1168 .1168 Gebhard II … son of Gebhard I; count by 1158 & 1146–c .1167 .1167 Marquard … son of Gebhard I c .1168– .1168– c .1209 .1209 Diepold I … son of Gebhard I; landgrave 1196 c .1209– .1209– c .1244 .1244 Gebhard III … son of Diepold I; in Waldeck & c .1209– .1209– c .1259 .1259 Diepold II … son of Diepold I; in Leuchtenberg c .1244– .1244– c .1284 .1284 Friedrich II … son of Gebhard III; in Waldeck to 1283 1283 36; Leuchtenberg c .1259 .1259 & c .1244–1279 .1244–1279 Gebhard IV … son of Gebhard III; in Waldeck 1279–1293 1279–1293 Gebhard V … son of Gebhard IV + Friedrich III … son of Gebhard IV; associated 1279–1307: 1279–1307: + Friedrich IV … son of Friedrich III; associated c .1284–1329; .1284–1329; bishop of Eichstätt + Gebhard VI … son of Friedrich III; associated c .1284–1296 .1284–1296 1293–1334 1293–1334 Ulrich I … son of Gebhard V 1334–1378 1334–1378 Ulrich II … son of Ulrich I; in West & 1334–1407 1334–1407 Johann I … son of Ulrich I; in East; Hals 1376 1376 1378–1404 1378–1404 Albrecht I … son of Ulrich II; in West 1407–1425 1407–1425 Georg I … son of Johann Johann II, son of Johann Johann I; in East/Hals East/Hals 1407–1458 1407–1458 Johann III … son of of Sigost, Sigost, son of Johann Johann I; in East/Hals East/Hals & 1407–1416 1407–1416 Georg II … brother of Johann III; in in East/Hals 1404–1411 1404–1411 Ulrich III … son of Albrecht I; in West & 1404–1463 1404–1463 Leopold … son of of Albrecht I; in West; East/Hals 1458; prince 1440 1463–1486 1463–1486 Ludwig … son of Leopold; in Hals 37 & 1463–1487 1463–1487 Friedrich V … son son of Leopold; in Leuchtenberg 1487–1531 1487–1531 Johann IV … son of Friedrich V 1531–1555 1531–1555 Georg III … son of Johann IV 1555–1567 1555–1567 Ludwig Heinrich … son of Georg III 1567–1613 1567–1613 Georg Ludwig … son of Ludwig Heinrich 1613–1621 Wilhelm … son of Georg Ludwig 1621–1646 Maximilian Adam … son of Wilhelm Wittelsbach House of Bavaria 1646–1650 1646–1650 Albrecht II (VI) … widower of Mechthild, Mechthild, daughter daughter of Georg Ludwig; son of duke Wilhelm V of Bavaria; to Haag 1650–1666 1650–1666 1651–1705 1651–1705 Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus … son of elector Maximilian I of Bavaria, brother of Albrecht II 1705–1708 1705–1708 (to the bishops of Bamberg) House of Lamberg 1708–1711 1708–1711 Leopold Matthias Sigismund … son of Franz Joseph (below) 1711–1712 1711–1712 Franz Joseph … son of count count Johann Maximilian of Lamberg-Steyer

36 Waldeck

sold to Bavaria 1283. the House of Aichberg; it was later purchased by Bavaria in 1517.

37 In 1485 Hals was sold to


Wittelsbach House of Bavaria 1712–1738 1712–1738 Ferdinand Maria Maria … son of elector Maximilian Maximilian II of Bavaria, son of elector Ferdinand Ferdinand Maria, brother of Maximilian Philipp Hironymus 1738–1770 1738–1770 Clemens Franz … son of Ferdinand Maria (to Bavaria 1770)

LEYEN

Hereditary seneschals of the archbishopric of Trier in Upper Lorraine, the Leyen family produced archbishops of Trier and Mainz, and with their help obtained the barony of Blieskastel Blieskastel in 1657 as imperial barons. barons. In 1697 Karl Kaspar obtained the county of Hohengeroldseck from Austria, and in 1711 he was promoted to imperial count. The small county became a sovereign sovereign principality and and member of the Confederation Confederation of the Rhine in 1806. However, the Congress of Vienna awarded it to Austria in 1815, 1815, and it ceded it to Bade in 1819. Barons of Blieskastel, Counts of Hohengeroldseck, Princes of Leyen House of Leyen 1657–1665 1657–1665 1665–1687 1665–1687 1687–1739 1687–1739 1739–1760 1739–1760 1760–1775 1760–1775 1775–1815 1775–1815

Hugo Ernst Ernst … son of of Damian Damian von von der Leyen; baron baron of Blieskastel Damian Adolf … son of Hugo Ernst Karl Kaspar Kaspar … son of Hugo Ernst; Ernst; count of Hohengeroldseck Hohengeroldseck 1697; 1697; imperial imperial count count 1711 1711 Friedrich Ferdinand Franz … son of Karl Kaspar Franz Karl … son of Friedrich Ferdinand Franz Philipp Franz … son of Franz Franz Karl; prince 1806; 1806; mediatized, died 1829 1829 (to Austria 1815; to Bade 1819) LIGNE

The barons of Ligne in Hainault attained the rank of imperial count of Fauquemberg in 1549, and that of prince of Épinoy in 1601 (and of Amboise in 1624). In the second half of the 18 th century they obtained the immediate county of Fagnolles. When this was lost to France by the Treaty of Lunéville in 1801, the prince of Ligne was compensated compensated with the secularized abbey of Edelstetten Edelstetten in 1803. 1803. The very next year the prince of Ligne sold this to the Hungarian prince of Eszterházy. Counts and Princes of Ligne House of Ligne 1532–1552 1532–1552 1552–1583 1552–1583 1583–1624 1583–1624 1624–1629 1624–1629 1629–1642 1629–1642 1642–1679 1642–1679 1679–1702 1679–1702 1702–1707 1702–1707 1707–1766 1707–1766 1766–1804 1766–1804

Jacques … son son of of Antoine Antoine of Ligne; Ligne; count of Fauquemberg Fauquemberg 1549 Philippe … son of Jacques Lamoral … son of Philippe; Philippe; prince prince of Épinoy 1601, of Amboise Amboise 1624 1624 Florent … son of Lamoral Albert-Henri … son of Florent Claude-Lamoral Claude-Lamoral I … son of Florent Henri-Ernest … son of Claude-Lamoral I Antoine-Joseph-Ghislain Antoine-Joseph-Ghislain … son of Henri-Ernest Claude-Lamoral Claude-Lamoral II … son of Henri Ernest; Fagnolles Charles-Joseph … son son of Claude-Lamoral Claude-Lamoral II; sold lands, lands, died 1814 1814 (Fagnolles to France 1801; Edelstein to Eszterházy 1804)

LIMBURG The counts of Limburg contended with those of Louvain (Brabant) for the ducal throne of Lower Lorraine in


the first half of the 12 th century. After the award of the contested contested title to Brabant, the the counts of Limburg were were compensated with the title of dukes of Limburg. The smallish duchy was briefly augmented by succession succession to Luxembourg (1214–1226), (1214–1226), but the union proved ephemeral. The War of Limburg Succession (1283–1288) (1283–1288) ended with the absorption of Limburg by its longtime rival Brabant. Brabant. Limburg later became part of the Spanish Netherlands, with small portions passing to the Netherlands in 1648 and 1661, and the remainder to the Austrian Netherlands in 1713. 1713. Occupied by France in 1794, 1794, Limburg passed to the Netherlands in 1815, 1815, but after the secession of Belgium in 1830 was divided in three, between Belgium, the Netherlands, and Prussia. Counts and Dukes of Limburg House of Arlon 1064–1081

Walram I, the Old … … son of count Walram I of Arlon by Adela, daughter of duke Thierry I of Upper Lorraine 1081–1119 Hendrik I … son of Walram I; duke of Lower Lorraine 1101–1106 1119–1139 Walram II, the Pagan … son of Hendrik I; duke of Lower Lorraine 1128–1139 1128–1139 1139–1167 1139–1167 Hendrik II … son of Walram II; claimed claimed the ducal title title from 1140 1167–1221 1167–1221 Hendrik III … son of Hendrik II 1221–1226 1221–1226 Walram III … son of Hendrik III 1226–1246 1226–1246 Hendrik IV … son of Walram III 1246–1279 1246–1279 Walram IV … son of Hendrik IV 1280–1283 1280–1283 Ermgard … daughter of Walram IV & 1280–1288 Reinoud, the Wrangler of of Guelders … husband of Ermgard; son of count Otto II of Guelders; deposed, died 1326 Hainault House of Brabant 1288–1294 Jan I, the Victorious … son of duke Hendrik III of Brabant 1294–1312 Jan II, the Pacific … … son of Jan I 1312–1355 1312–1355 Jan III, the Triumphant … … son of Jan II 1355–1406 Johanna … daughter of Jan III & 1355–1383 1355–1383 Wenzel of Luxembourg … husband of Johanna; Johanna; son of king Jan of of Bohemia Valois House of Burgundy 1406–1415 1406–1415 Anton … son of duke Philippe Philippe II of Burgundy Burgundy by countess Marguerite III of Flanders, Flanders, daughter of count Louis II by Margaretha, daughter of Jan III 1415–1427 Jan IV … son of Anton 1427–1430 1427–1430 Filips I … son of Anton 1430–1467 1430–1467 Filips II, the Good … … son of duke Jean II of Burgundy, brother of Anton 1467–1477 Karel I, the Rash … son of Filips II 1477–1482 1477–1482 Maria … daughter of Karel I House of Habsburg (Austria) 1482–1506 1482–1506 Filips III, the Handsome … son of Maria by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 1504–1506 1506–1549 1506–1549 Karel II … son of Filips III; abdicated; abdicated; Castile 1506–1556; 1506–1556; Aragón Aragón and Sicily 1516–1556; 1516–1556; Naples 1516–1554; Empire 1519–1558 (to the Spanish Netherlands 1549) LIPPE

The lords of Lippe in Westphalia became imperial counts in 1529 and imperial princes permanently from 1789. In 1616 the dynasty had divided into into four sovereign branches, but their possessions possessions were reunited by the senior branch of Lippe-Detmold Lippe-Detmold by 1749. The principality of Lippe Lippe entered the German Empire in 1871. 1871. The line became extinct in 1905 and the throne was inherited by prince Leopold IV, a member of the non-sovereign non- sovereign line of counts of Lippe-Biesterfeld. Lippe-Biesterfeld. The monarchy was abolished abolished in 1918. For Schaumburg-Lippe Schaumburg-Lippe see there.


Lords and Counts of Lippe House of Lippe c .1120– .1120– c .1158 .1158 & c .1120– .1120– c .1160 .1160 c .1160–1196 .1160–1196 1196–1229 1196–1229 1229–1265 1229–1265 1265–1275 1265–1275 & 1265–1274 1265–1274 1275–1344

1344–1360 & 1344–1365 1344–1365 1360–1410 1360–1410 1410–1415 1410–1415 1415–1429 1415–1429 1429–1511 1429–1511 1511–1536 1511–1536 1536–1563 1536–1563 1563–1613 1563–1613 1613–1616 1613–1616 & 1613–1616 & 1613–1616 1613–1616 & 1613–1616 1613–1616

1616–1627 1616–1627 1627–1636 1627–1636 1626–1650 1626–1650 1650–1652 1650–1652 1652–1666 1652–1666 1666–1697 1666–1697 1697–1718 1697–1718 1718–1734 1718–1734 1734–1782 1734–1782 1782–1802 1782–1802 1802–1851 1802–1851 1851–1875 1851–1875 1875–1895 1875–1895 1895–1905 1895–1905 1905–1918 1905–1918

38 In

Bernhard I … son of (?) Hermann of Lippe Hermann I … brother of Bernhard I Bernhard II … son of Hermann Hermann I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1224 1224 Hermann II … son of Bernhard II Bernhard III … son of Hermann II Bernhard IV … son of Bernhard III Hermann III … son of Bernhard III Simon I … son of Bernhard IV + Simon II … son of Simon I; associated, died c .1334 .1334 Otto … son of Simon I; in Detmold and Lemgo Bernhard V … son of of Simon Simon I; in Lippstadt Lippstadt and Rheda Rheda 38 Simon III … son of Otto Bernhard VI … son of Simon III; associated associated 1384 Simon IV … son of Bernhard VI Bernhard VII, the Warlike … son of Simon IV Simon V … son of Bernhard VII; associated since c .1507; .1507; imperial count 1529 Bernhard VIII … son of Simon V Simon VI … son of Bernhard VIII Simon VII … son of Simon Simon VI; to Detmold 1616–1627 1616–1627 Otto … son of Simon VI; to Brake 1616–1657 Hermann … son son of of Simon Simon VI; to Schwalenberg 1616–1620 1616–1620 Philipp I … son of of Simon Simon VI; to Schaumburg-Bückeburg Schaumburg-Bückeburg 1616–1681 1616–1681 (division into Detmold, Brake, and Alverdissen 1616) Counts and Princes of Lippe in Detmold Simon VII … son of Simon VI of Lippe; Lippe Lippe 1613–1616 1613–1616 Simon Ludwig … son of Simon VII Simon Philipp … son of Simon Ludwig Johann Bernhard … son of Simon Simon VII; associated in Sternberg Sternberg from 1648 Hermann Adolf … son of of Simon Simon VII; associated in Sternberg Sternberg from 1650 Simon Heinrich … son of Hermann Adolf Friedrich Adolf … son of Simon Heinrich Simon Heinrich Adolf … son of Friedrich Friedrich Adolf; Adolf; prince prince 1720–1734 1720–1734 Simon August … son of Simon Heinrich Adolf Leopold I … son of Simon August; prince 1789 Leopold II … son of Leopold I Leopold III … son of Leopold II Woldemar … son of Leopold II Alexander … son of Leopold II Leopold IV … son of count Ernst II of Biesterfeld, 39 son of count Julius, son of count Ernst I, son of count Karl, son of count Friedrich, son of count Rudolf Friedrich, son of count Jobst Hermann, son of Simon VII; regent since 1904; deposed, died 1949 (to Germany 1918)

Tecklenburg captivity 1371–1375. of Biesterfeld had been regent 1897–1904.

39 Ernst II


1616–1657 1616–1657 1657–1700 1657–1700 1700–1707 1700–1707 1707–1709 1707–1709

Counts of Lippe in Brake Otto … son son of of Simon Simon VI of Lippe; Lippe 1613–1616 1613–1616 Kasimir … son of Otto Rudolf … son of Kasimir Ludwig Ferdinand … son of Friedrich, son of Otto (to Lippe-Detmold 1709)

1616–1681 1616–1681 1681–1723 1681–1723 1723–1749 1723–1749 1749–1777 1749–1777

Counts of Lippe in Alverdissen and Schaumburg Philipp I … son of Simon Simon VI of Lippe; Lippe 1613–1616 1613–1616;; Schaumburg Schaumburg 1646 Philipp Ernst … son of Philipp I Friedrich Ernst … son son of Philipp Ernst; abdicated, died 1777 Philipp II … son of Friedrich; Friedrich; prince prince of of Schaumburg-Lippe Schaumburg-Lippe 1777–1787 1777–1787 (to Schaumburg-Lippe 1777) LOBKOWICZ

The Bohemian lord of Lobkovice was created imperial baron of Neustadt in 1574, and his son Zdenko Adalbert was promoted to imperial prince in 1624, after distinguishing himself in Habsburg service. His successor became prince of Sternstein in 1641 and duke of Silesia-Sagan in 1646. These titles secured the Lobkowicz family a place among the princes of the empire until until its dissolution in 1806. 1806. At that date the prince of Lobkowicz Lobkowicz was mediatized, with his imperial possessions, Sternstein and Waldthurm, passing to Bavaria. Princes of Lobkowicz House of Lobkowitz 1574–1584 1574–1584 1584–1628 1584–1628 1628–1677 1628–1677 1677–1715 1677–1715 1715–1737 1715–1737 1737–1739 1737–1739 1739–1784 1739–1784 1784–1806 1784–1806

Ladislaus II … son of Ladislaus I of Lobkovice; baron of Neustadt Neustadt 1574 1574 Zdenko Adalbert … son son of Ladislaus II; prince prince 1624 Wenzel Eusebius … son of Zdenko Zdenko Adalbert; Adalbert; Sternstein Sternstein 1641; 1641; Silesia-Sagan 1646 Ferdinand August … son of Wenzel Eusebius Philipp Hyazinth … son of Ferdinand August Wenzel Ferdinand Karl … son of Philipp Hyazinth Ferdinand Philipp Joseph … son of Philipp Hyazinth Joseph Franz … son of Ferdinand; Ferdinand; duke of Raudnitz Raudnitz 1786; 1786; mediatized, mediatized, died 1816 (to Bavaria 1806) LOOZ (LOON)-CORSWAREM

After ruling for three centuries, the counts of Looz (Loon) died out in the male line in 1336, and after the county passed by inheritance to the Houses of Sponheim and Rumigny, it was sold to the bishop of Liège (Lüttich) in 1366. The lords of Corswarem, distant distant descendants of count count Arnold II, tried but failed to acquire the county, and were given the title of duke of Looz-Corswarem Looz-Corswarem in 1734. 1734. Duke Wilhelm Joseph of Niel was was compensated for the loss of his lands to France in 1801 with the principality of Rheina-Wolbeck along the Rhine, carved out of the the bishopric of Münster in 1803. This was mediatized in favor of Berg in 1806. 1806. Counts of Looz House of Looz 1031–1044: 1031–1044: :1046–1078 :1046–1078

Giselbert … son of count Otto Otto by Liutgarde, daughter daughter of count Albert I of Namur Emmo … son of Gisebert


& :1046–1084 :1046–1084 :1079–1125: :1079–1125: :1135–1138: :1135–1138: :1141–1171 :1141–1171 1171–1194: 1171–1194: :1197–1218 :1197–1218 1218–1221 1218–1221 1221–1227 1221–1227 1227–1272: 1227–1272: :1273–1278 :1273–1278 1279–1327 1327–1336 1327–1336 House of Sponheim 1336–1361 1336–1361 & 1336–1354: 1336–1354: 1361–1362 1361–1362 House of Rumigny 1362–1366 1362–1366

1633–1671 1633–1671 1671–1705 1671–1705 1705–1759 1705–1759 & 1705–1759 1705–1759 1759–1788 1759–1788 1788–1792 1788–1792

1633–1694 1633–1694 1694–1741 1694–1741 1741–1761 1741–1761 1761–1803 1761–1803 1803–1806 1803–1806

Otto … son of Giselbert Arnold I … son of Emmo Arnold II … son of Arnold I Lodewijk I … son of Arnold II + Gerard I … son of Arnold II; associated in Rieneck :1141–:1144 :1141–:1144 Gerard II … son of Lodewijk I Lodewijk II … son of Gerard II + Gerard III … son of Gerard II; associated in Rieneck :1197–1216 Arnold III … son of Gerard II Lodewijk III … son of Gerard III; abdicated; to Rieneck 1216–1243 1216–1243 (line extinct 1559) 1559) Arnold IV … son of Gerard III Jan … son of Arnold IV Arnold V … son of Jan Lodewijk IV … son of Arnold V Diederik … son of count Gottfried Gottfried II of Heinsberg Heinsberg by Mathilde, daughter daughter of Arnold V Godefried I … brother of Diederik Godefried II … son of count count Johann Johann I of Heinsberg, Heinsberg, brother of Diederik; Diederik; sold county, died 1395 Arnold VI … son of Guillaume Guillaume of Rumigny by Johanna, Johanna, daughter daughter of Arnold V; abdicated, died 1373 (to the bishopric of Liège 1366) Barons of Longchamps, Dukes of Looz-Corswarem Hubert … son of Raes of Longchamps, descendant of count Arnold II of Looz; baron 1652 1652 Jean-Hubert … son of Hubert Nicolas-Charles-François Nicolas-Charles-François … son of Jean-Hubert; count 1734 Louis-Félix … son of Jean-Hubert; duke 1734 Jean-Florent … son of Louis-Félix Charles-Alexandre-Auguste Charles-Alexandre-Auguste … son of Louis-Félix (to Niel-Faux 1792) Barons of Faux, Counts of Niel, and Dukes of Looz-Corswarem Franz II … brother brother of Hubert of Longchamps; baron 1652 Joseph I … son of Franz II; count count of Niel Joseph II Clemens … son of Joseph I Wilhelm-Joseph … son of Joseph Joseph II Clemens; duke 1778; 1778; inherited Corswarem Corswarem 1792 Joseph-Arnold … son of Wilhelm Joseph; mediatized, died 1827 (to Berg 1806; to France 1810; to Prussia 1815; to Germany 1918) LORRAINE (LOTHRINGEN)

When the Carolingian Carolingian kingdom of Middle Francia was was divided among the sons sons of emperor Lothar I in 855, its northern portion passed passed to his second son Lothar II. This territory, formed without without any basis in tradition, tradition, came to be known as Lotharingia (German Lothringen, French Lorraine) after its king. Carolingian kings kings from France and Germany contended for the area, and from 870 to 879 it was actually divided between these kingdoms. The rule of distant or ineffective kings kings led to the rise of comital families and the appointment appointment of


dukes. In 925 the duke of Lorraine recognized recognized the authority of the non-Carolingian non-Carolingian king king of the East Franks (Germany), and the kingdom kingdom of Lorraine became subsumed subsumed within that of Germany. In 953 the duchy was entrusted to Bruno, archbishop archbishop of Cologne and brother brother of the emperor Otto I. He divided Lorraine Lorraine in two parts (administered by vice-dukes) and after his death in 965 the division persisted. The duchy of Lower Lorraine disintegrated in the 12 th century amidst competition between the counts of Limburg and Louvain (Brabant) for the throne. Upper Lorraine, although somewhat somewhat reduced in size, remained an important feudal principality within within the Holy Roman Empire, Empire, in spite of the repeated French occupations occupations it in the 17 th and 18 th centuries. In 1737 the duke of Upper Lorraine, Lorraine, François III, had to hand over his duchy (receiving (receiving Tuscany in exchange) to the former king of Poland, Poland, Stanisław II Leszczyński. Leszczyński. On the latter’s death in 1766, 1766, Lorraine passed to his son-in-law, son-in-law, the king of France. Lorraine has remained remained part of France ever since, except for 1871– 1871– 1918, when it was incorporated into the German Empire, and 1940–1944, when it was once again annexed by Germany. From 1667 Nicolas-François Nicolas-François of Upper Upper Lorraine and his descendants descendants held the marquisate marquisate of Nomeny, which, although actually lost to France in 1737, entitled them to the rank of imperial princes. Kings in Lotharingia/Lorraine Carolingian House 843–855 855–869 869–870 870–895 895–900 900–911 911–925

Lothar I … son of the emperor Ludwig Ludwig I; emperor 817; 817; Italy Italy 820–839 820–839 Lothar II … son of Lothar I Karl I, the Bald … … brother of Lothar I; France 843–877; emperor and Italy 875–877 (division between France and Germany 870; to Germany 879) Zwentibold … bastard son of the emperor Arnulf Ludwig, the Child … … legitimate half-brother of Zwentibold; Germany 899–911 Karl II, the Simple … posthumous son of king Louis II of France, son of Karl I; France 898–923 40; deposed, died 929 (to Germany 925)

Dukes of Lotharingia/Lorraine Conradine House of Franconia 903–910 Gebhard … son of (?) count Udo of Lahngau Maasgau House of Hainault 910–915 Reginar … son of count Giselbert Giselbert of Maasgau by Irmgard, daughter of emperor Lothar Lothar I 915–939 Giselbert … son of Reginar; confirmed as duke 928 939–940 Heinrich I … son of Giselbert; deposed, died c .944 .944 Liudolfing House of Saxony 940 Heinrich II … son of of king Heinrich I of Germany; deposed, died died 955 House of Verdun 940–944 Otto … son of count Richwin of Verdun Salian House of Franconia 944–953 Konrad, the Red … … husband of Liutgard, daughter of emperor Otto I; son of count Werner of Wormsgau; Wormsgau; deposed, died died 955 Liudolfing House of Saxony 953–965 Bruno … brother of Heinrich II; archbishop archbishop of Cologne; delegated delegated authority authority to to vice-dukes vice-dukes 959; abdicated, died 965 Vice-Dukes of Lower Lorraine/Lothier House of Metz 959–964 964–973 40 In

Gottfried I … son of count count palatine palatine Gottfried of Lorraine, Lorraine, son of count Gerhard of Metzgau Richar … uncle of of (?) Gottfried I; son of (?) count Gerhard Gerhard of Metzgau

Vermandois captivity from 923.


House of Verdun 973–976

Gottfried II, the Captive … son of Richar’s sister (?) Uda by count Gozelo of Bidgau, son of count palatine Wigerich of Lorraine; deposed, died c .998 .998 Dukes of Lower Lorraine/Lothier

Carolingian House 977–991 Karl I … son of king king Louis Louis IV of France; France; deposed, died 993/995 993/995 991–1012 991–1012 Otto … son of Karl I House of Verdun 1012–1023 1012–1023 Gottfried I, the Childless … son of vice-duke Gottfried II 1023–1044 1023–1044 Gozelo I, the Great … … son of vice-duke Gottfried II 1044–1046 1044–1046 Gozelo II, the Coward … … son of Gozelo I; deposed, died 1046 House of Luxembourg 1046–1065 1046–1065 Friedrich … son of count Friedrich Friedrich I of of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, son of Siegfried, Siegfried, son of count palatine Wigerich Wigerich of Lorraine House of Verdun 1065–1069 1065–1069 Gottfried II, the Bearded … … son of Gozelo I 1069–1076 1069–1076 Gottfried III, the Hunchback … son of Gottfried II Salian House of Franconia 1076–1087 1076–1087 Konrad … son son of of emperor emperor Heinrich Heinrich IV; IV; abdicated, abdicated, died 1101 House of Boulogne 1087–1100 1087–1100 Gottfried IV, of Bouillon … son of count Eustache II of Boulogne by Ida, daughter of Gottfried II; defender of the Holy Sepulcher 1099–1100 Arlon House of Limburg 1101–1106 1101–1106 Heinrich I … son of count count Walram Walram I of Limburg; Limburg; deposed, deposed, died died 1119 1119 Hainault House of Brabant 1106–1128 1106–1128 Gottfried V, the Bearded … … son of count Heinrich II of Louvain, son of Lambert II by Oda, daughter of Gozelo I; deposed, died 1139 Arlon House of Limburg 1128–1139 Walram, the Pagan … son of Heinrich Hainault House of Brabant 1140–1142 1140–1142 Gottfried VI, the Younger … … son of Gottfried V 1142–1190 1142–1190 Gottfried VII, the Brave … son of Gottfried VI (disintegration of the duchy: ducal title retained by the counts of Louvain, as dukes of Lothier or Brabant, but the counts of Limburg had been compensated with ducal status since 1140)

Dukes of Upper Lorraine/the Moselle Wigerich House of Bar 959–978 Frédéric I … son of count palatine Wigerich of of Lorraine; vice-duke 959; 959; duke duke 977 978–1027 978–1027 Thierry I … son of Frédéric I + Frédéric II … son of Thierry I; associated 1019–1026 1019–1026 1027–1033 1027–1033 Frédéric III … son of Frédéric II House of Verdun 1033–1044 Gothelon, the Great … … son of vice-duke Gottfried II of Lower Lorraine, son of count Gozelo of Bidgau, brother of Frédéric I 1044–1047 Godefroy, the Bearded … … son of Gothelon; deposed, died 1069 House of Metz 1047–1048 1047–1048 Adalbert … son of count Gérard of Metz


1048–1070 1048–1070 1070–1115 1070–1115 1115–1139 1115–1139 1139–1176 1139–1176 1176–1205 1176–1205 1205–1206 1205–1206 1205–1213 1205–1213 1213–1220 1213–1220 1220–1251 1220–1251 1251–1303 1251–1303 1303–1312 1303–1312 1312–1329 1312–1329 1329–1346 1346–1390 1390–1431 1390–1431 1431–1453 1431–1453 & 1431–1453 1431–1453

Gérard … brother of Adalbert Thierry II, the Valiant … … son of Gérard Simon I … son of Thierry II Mathieu I … son of Simon I Simon II … son of Mathieu I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1207 Ferry I, of Bitsche … son of Mathieu I; associated 1179 Ferry II … son of Ferry I; succeeded uncle 1205 1205 and father father 1206 1206 Thiébaud I … son of Ferry II Mathieu II … son of Ferry II Ferry III … son of Mathieu II Thiébaud II … son of Ferry III Ferry IV, the Fighter … … son of Thiébaud II Raoul, the Valiant … … son of Ferry IV Jean I … posthumous son of Raoul Charles II, the Bold 41… son of Jean I Isabelle … daughter of Charles II René I, the Good … … husband of Isabelle; son of duke Louis II of Anjou; Naples 1435–1442; died 1480

Valois House of Anjou 1453–1470 1453–1470 Jean II … son of René I and Isabelle 1470–1473 1470–1473 Nicolas … son of Jean II 1473 Yolande … daughter daughter of René I and Isabelle; abdicated, died 1483 Metz House of Vaudémont 1473–1508 1473–1508 René II, the Younger … … son of Yolande by count Ferry II of Vaudémont 42 1508–1544 Antoine, the Good … … son of René II 1544–1545 1544–1545 François I … son of Antoine 1545–1608 1545–1608 Charles III … son of François I 1608–1624 1608–1624 Henri II, 43 the Good … … son of Charles III 1624–1625 1624–1625 Nicole … daughter daughter of Henri II; deposed, died 1657 & 1624–1625 1624–1625 Charles IV … husband husband of Nicole; son son of François II (below); deposed 1625 François II … son of Charles III; abdicated, died 1632 1625–1634 1625–1634 Charles IV … restored; deposed 1634–1635 1634–1635 Nicolas-François … son of François François II; exiled, exiled, legitimist legitimist claimant claimant 1635–1661, 1635–1661, died 1670 1670 1635–1641 1635–1641 (to France) 1641 Charles IV … restored; exiled, legitimist claimant 1641–1659 1641–1659 1641–1659 1641–1659 (to France) 1659–1670 1659–1670 Charles IV … restored; exiled, legitimist claimant 1670–1675 1670–1675 1670–1697 1670–1697 (to France) Charles V … son of Nicolas-François; legitimist claimant 1675–1690 1697–1729 1697–1729 Léopold-Joseph … son of Charles V; legitimist legitimist claimant 1690–1697 1690–1697 44 1729–1737 1729–1737 François III Étienne Étienne … son of of Léopold-Joseph; Léopold-Joseph; exchanged Lorraine for Tuscany; Tuscany; retained retained the title marquis of Nomeny; emperor 1745–1765

41 The numbering of dukes

named Charles includes duke Karl I of Lower Lorraine. exile during Burgundian occupation, 1475–1476. 43 The numbering of dukes named Henri includes duke Heinrich I of Lower Lorraine. 44 Lorraine was occupied by France again in 1702–1714, 1702–1714, but the duke did not go into exile. 42 In


House of Leszczyński 1737–1766 Stanislas … son of Rafał Leszczyński; Leszczyńs ki; Poland 1704–1709 and 1733–1736 (to France 1766)

LÖWENSTEIN-WERTHEIM

The county of Löwenstein was obtained by the German king Rudolf I and bestowed upon his illegitimate son Albrecht in 1283. In 1441 one of his his descendants sold the county county to the elector Palatine. Palatine. Ludwig, morganatic morganatic son of elector Friedrich I of the Palatinate, was invested with the barony of Scharfeneck and with Löwenstein by his cousin, the elector Philipp. The county’s possessions possessions were augmented by the inheritance inheritance of Wertheim and Rochfort in 1574 (not (not fully secured until 1598). The count of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefo Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort rt was promoted to prince in 1711. In 1806 the principality was mediatized and divided among Nassau, HesseDarmstadt, and Württemberg. Württemberg. The list includes only the princely princely line of the family. family. For Virneburg, see there. Counts and Princes of Löwenstein and Wertheim Habsburg House of Löwenstein 1283–1304 1283–1304 Albrecht I … bastard bastard son of king king Rudolf Rudolf I; count of Löwenstein Löwenstein 1304–:1310 1304–:1310 Philipp … son of Albrecht I & 1304–1328 1304–1328 Rudolf … son of Albrecht I 1304–1340 1304–1340 Nikolaus … son of Albrecht I 1340–1377: 1340–1377: Albrecht II … son of Nikolaus :1382–1388 :1382–1388 Albrecht III … son of Albrecht II 1388–1441 1388–1441 Heinrich … son son of of Albrecht Albrecht II; sold county, died 1442 1441–1488 1441–1488 (to the Palatinate) Wittelsbach House of Löwenstein 1488–1524 1488–1524 Ludwig I … morganatic morganatic son of elector Friedrich I of the Palatinate; imperial count count 1494 1494 1524–1536 1524–1536 Ludwig II … son of Ludwig I & 1524–1541 1524–1541 Friedrich I … son of Ludwig I Wolfgang … son son of Friedrich I; to Scharfeneck 1541–1571 1541–1571 (line extinct 1633) 1633) 1541–1569 1541–1569 Friedrich II … son of Friedrich I; in Sulzbach & 1541–1611 1541–1611 Ludwig III … son of Friedrich Friedrich I; count of Löwenstein-Wertheim Löwenstein-Wertheim 1580 1611–1615 1611–1615 Christoph Ludwig … son son of Ludwig III; to Virneburg 1615–1618 1615–1618 & 1611–1635 1611–1635 Ludwig IV … son of Ludwig III & 1611–1636 1611–1636 Wolfgang Ernst … son of Ludwig III & 1611–1644 1611–1644 Johann Dietrich … son of Ludwig III 1644–1672 1644–1672 Ferdinand Karl … son of Johann Dietrich 1672–1718 1672–1718 Maximilian Karl … son of Ferdinand Karl; prince 1711 1718–1735 1718–1735 Dominik Marquard … son son of Maximilian Maximilian Karl; purchased purchased Rosenberg 1730 1735–1789 1735–1789 Karl Thomas … son of Dominik Marquard 1789–1806 1789–1806 Dominik Konstantin … son of Theodor Theodor Alexander, Alexander, son of Dominik Dominik Marquard; mediatized, died 1814 (Wertheim to Nassau, Breuberg to Hesse-Darmstadt, Löwenstein to Württemberg 1806) LUSATIA (LAUSITZ)

Lusatia in eastern Germany was a Slavic region annexed by the East Frankish (German) kingdom in the 920s. From 936 it constituted part of the great Saxon East March (Ostmark) ruled by margrave Gero, but on his death in 965 it emerged as a separate march alongside others at Meissen (Meißen), Merseburg, Zeitz, and the


Saxon North March (Nordmark). (Nordmark). In 1002–1031, 1002–1031, most of Lusatia was was occupied by the Poles, but the march recovered its eastern frontier after after Poland’s weakening. weakening. Shortly thereafter, the march became became the first major holding of the Wettin family, which proceeded to gradually take over Meissen, Thuringia, and Saxony. Frequently united with Meissen, Lusatia was sold to Brandenburg in 1303, and then to Bohemia in 1367. Lusatia remained a part part of the Bohemian crown lands until it was was ceded to Saxony in 1635. The Congress of Vienna awarded it to Prussia in 1815. Margraves of Lusatia (Lausitz) House of Merseburg 965–993 Hodo I … son of of (?) margrave Gero, son of count count Thietmar Thietmar of of Merseburg House of Serimunt 993–1015 Gero … son of margrave Thietmar of Meissen 1015–1030 1015–1030 Thietmar … son of Gero 1030–1032 1030–1032 Hodo II … son of Thietmar House of Wettin 1032–1034 1032–1034 Dietrich I … son son of count Dedo II of Wettin House of Merseburg 1034–1046 1034–1046 Ekkehard … brother of Mathilde, Mathilde, wife of Dietrich I; son of margrave margrave Ekkehard Ekkehard I of Meissen House of Wettin 1046–1069 1046–1069 Dedo I … son of Dietrich I; deposed 1069 Dedo II … son of Dedo I 1069–1075 1069–1075 Dedo I … restored Přemyslid House of Bohemia 1076–1081 1076–1081 Wratislaw … son of duke Břetislav I of Bohemia; replaced; Bohemia Bohemia 1061–1092 1061–1092 House of Wettin 1081–1103 1081–1103 Heinrich I, the Elder … … son of Dedo I 1103–1123 1103–1123 Heinrich II, the Younger … … son of Heinrich I House of Groitsch 1123–1124 1123–1124 Wiprecht … husband of of Judith, daughter of Wratislaw; son of count Wiprecht Wiprecht I of Balsamgau Balsamgau House of Winzenburg 1124–1130 1124–1130 Hermann … son of count Hermann of Formbach; Formbach; deposed, deposed, died 1137 Ascanian House of Ballenstedt 1130–1131 Albrecht, the Bear … … husband of Sophie, daughter of Hermann; son of count Otto of Ballenstedt; replaced; Nordmark/Brandenburg Nordmark/Brandenburg 1134–1170 House of Groitsch 1131–1135 1131–1135 Heinrich III … son of Wiprecht House of Wettin 1136–1156 1136–1156 Konrad I, the Pious … son of Thimo, son of Thimo, brother of Dedo I; abdicated, died 1157 1156–1185 1156–1185 Dietrich II … son of Konrad I 1185–1190 1185–1190 Dedo III, the Fat … son of Konrad I 1190–1210 1190–1210 Konrad II … son of Dedo III 1210–1221 1210–1221 Dietrich III, the Oppressed … … son of margrave Otto II of Meissen, son of Konrad I 1221–1288 1221–1288 Heinrich IV, the Illustrious … son of Dietrich III + Dietrich, the Wise … son of Heinrich IV; associated in Landsberg 1265–1285 1288–1291 Friedrich, Tuta … son of Dietrich 1291–1303 1291–1303 Dietrich IV, Diezmann … son of margrave Albrecht II of Meissen, son of Heinrich IV; abdicated, died 1307 Ascanian House of Brandenburg 1303–1308 1303–1308 Otto I … son of margrave margrave Johann Johann I of Brandenburg; Brandenburg; purchased purchased Lusatia from Dietrich IV


1308–1319 Waldemar, the Great … … son of Konrad, brother of Otto 1319–1324 1319–1324 (to the Empire) Wittelsbach House of Bavaria 1324–1351 Ludwig I, the Elder … son of emperor Ludwig IV 1351–1365 1351–1365 Ludwig II, the Roman … brother of Ludwig I 1365–1367 1365–1367 Otto II, the Indolent … … brother of Ludwig II; abdicated, died 1379 (to Bohemia 1367; to Hungary 1479; to Bohemia 1490; to Saxony 1635; to Prussia 1815) MANDERSCHEID

The lordship of Manderscheid was nestled in-between the territories of Luxembourg and Trier in Lower Lorraine. Dietrich III of Manderscheid obtained obtained Schleiden, Blankenheim, Blankenheim, and Gerolstein through marriage, and in 1457 was promoted promoted to count. In 1488 the count divided his possessions possessions among his three sons, who inaugurated the lines of Schleiden, Schleiden, Blankenheim-Gerolstein, Blankenheim-Gerolstein, and Kail. The Schleiden line, which held Manderscheid proper, obtained the county of Virneburg, but its extinction in the male line in 1593 led to a lengthy dispute over over the inheritence. Schleiden passed to a branch of Mark; Virneburg to Löwenstein Wertheim; eventually, eventually, Manderscheid was inherited by the line of Kail Kail in 1647. 1647. 45 On the extinction extinction of the male line of Kail, all of the remaining Manderscheid lands were inherited by the Blankenheim-Gerolstein branch of the family (see the separate entry Blankenheim and Gerolstein above). 46 Counts of Manderscheid House of Manderscheid 1386–1426 1386–1426 Dietrich I … son son of Wilhelm VII of Manderscheid 1426–1457 1426–1457 Dietrich II … son of Dietrich I; abdicated, died 1469 + Wilhelm VIII … son of Dietrich I; associated in Kail and Wartenstein 1426–1456 1426–1456 1457–1488 1457–1488 Dietrich III … son of Dietrich Dietrich II; count 1457; 1457; abdicated, died 1498 1498 (division into Schleiden, Blankenheim-Gerolstein, Blankenheim-Gerolstein, and Kail 1488) Counts of Manderscheid in Manderscheid and Schleiden Kuno I … son of count Dietrich III of Manderscheid Kuno II … son of Kuno I Dietrich IV … son of Kuno I Dietrich V … son of Dietrich IV Dietrich VI … son of Dietrich V (to the Empire during disputed succession) Magdalena … daughter daughter of count Joachim Joachim of Virneburg, Virneburg, son of Dietrich Dietrich V

1488–1489 1488–1489 1489–1501 1501–1551 1501–1551 1551–1560 1551–1560 1560–1593 1560–1593 1593–1611 1593–1611 1611–1639 1611–1639 House of Löwenhaupt 1639–1647 1639–1647 Elisabeth Amalia … daughter daughter of Magdalena by count Sten of Löwenhaupt Löwenhaupt (to Manderscheid-Kail ) Counts of Manderscheid in Kail House of Manderscheid 1488–1509 1488–1509 Wilhelm … son son of count Dietrich III of Manderscheid 1509–1562 Jakob … son of Wilhelm 1562–1577 1562–1577 Dietrich I … son of Jakob 45 Countess Elisabeth Amalia of

Manderscheid having married count Philipp Dietrich of Manderscheid-Kail. Manderscheid-Kail.

46 Count Johann Wilhelm Franz of Blankenheim and Gerolstein having married Maria Francisca, daughter of

count Wolfgang Heinrich of Manderscheid-Kail. Manderscheid-Kail.


1577–1613 1577–1613 1613–1653 1613–1653 1653–1686 1653–1686 1686–1721 1686–1721 1721–1742 1721–1742

Dietrich II … son of Dietrich I Philipp Dietrich … son of Dietrich II; inherited inherited Manderscheid 1647 Hermann Franz … son of Philipp Dietrich Karl Franz Ludwig … son of Hermann Franz Wolfgang Heinrich … son of Hermann Franz (to Blankenheim-Gerolstein Blankenheim-Gerolstein 1742) MANSFELD

The county of Mansfeld in southern Saxony passed by marriage to the lords of nearby Querfurt in 1229, and remained in the hands of of that family ever since. since. In 1475 the family family divided into two two main branches, in in Vorderort and Hinterort, Hinterort, the second of which became extinct extinct in 1666. 1666. The Vorderort branch subdivided subdivided among six heirs in 1531, one of whom, Peter Ernst I, a governor of the Habsburg Netherlands, was promoted to prince in 1594. The promotion died out with him, as his surviving son was both a bastard bastard and died in revolt against the emperor. In 1690 Heinrich Franz I was created prince of Fondi in 1690 1690 and confirmed as imperial prince in 1711. The princely line ended in 1780, and its allodial possessions passed by marriage to Franz Gundaker of Colloredo, Colloredo, who formally took the name Colloredo-Mannsfeld Colloredo-Mannsfeld (different spelling). spelling). The list includes only the princely line of the family. The numbering of the princes varies widely in the literature. Counts and Princes of Mansfeld-Vorderort Querfurt House of Mansfeld 1475–1484 1475–1484 Albrecht III … son of count Günther II of of Mansfeld 1484–1526 1484–1526 Günther III … son of Albrecht III & 1484–1531 1484–1531 Ernst II … son of Albrecht III & 1484–1540 1484–1540 Hoyer III … son of Albrecht III 1531–1546 1531–1546 Philipp I … son of Ernst II; in Bornstädt Johann Georg I … son of Ernst Ernst II; to Eisleben 1531–1579 1531–1579 (line extinct 1710) 1710) & 1531–1604 1531–1604 Peter Ernst Ernst I … son of Ernst Ernst II; in Friedeburg; Friedeburg; prince prince 1594 1594 Johann Albrecht … son of Ernst II; to Arnstein 1531–1586 1531–1586 (line extinct 1615) 1615) Johann Hoyer Hoyer … son of Ernst Ernst II; to Artern 1531–1585 1531–1585 (line extinct 1631) Johann Ernst I … son of Ernst Ernst II; to Heldrungen Heldrungen 1531–1572 1531–1572 1546–1558 1546–1558 Hugo … son of Philipp I & 1546–1615 1546–1615 Bruno I … son of Philipp I; in Bornstädt 1615–1638 Wolfgang … son of Bruno I & 1615–1644 1615–1644 Bruno II … son of Bruno I Joachim Friedrich … son of Bruno Bruno I; to Friedeburg 1615–162 1615–16233 Philipp III … son of Bruno I; to Vorderort 1615–1657 1615–1657 (line extinct 1696) 1638–1662 Karl Adam … son of Wolfgang 1644–1692 1644–1692 Franz Maximilian … son of Bruno II & 1644–171 1644–17155 Heinrich Franz I … son of Bruno Bruno II; prince 1711 1692–1717 1692–1717 Karl Franz … son of Franz Maximilian; Maximilian; married Maria Eleonore, Eleonore, daughter daughter of Heinrich Franz I; succeeded as prince 1715 1717–1780 1717–1780 Heinrich Franz II … son of Karl Franz 1780 Joseph Wenzel … son of Heinrich Franz II House of Colloredo-Mannsfeld 1780–1806 1780–1806 Franz Gundaker Gundaker … husband of Maria Isabella, daughter daughter of Joseph Wenzel; Wenzel; son of prince Rudolf Joseph of Colloredo; mediatized, died 1807 (to Colloredo-Mannsfeld 1788; Rieneck to Regensburg; Limpurg-Speckfeld to Bavaria 1806)


MARK

In 1172 Friedrich of Altena purchased the lordship of Mark (Marck) in Westphalia and, after the partition of his father’s inheritance with his brother in 1180, 1180, took the title of count. His son began to call himself count of Mark by 1202. Engelbert II obtained Aremberg by marriage in 1299, 1299, but it passed to a collateral line of the family. Adolf III obtained Cleves by inheritance inheritance in 1368, and Johann Johann III obtained Jülich and Berg by marriage in 1511; these possessions remained remained in the family until its extinction in 1609. 1609. At that point the lands were contested by the Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate-Neuburg and the Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg. The Peace of Xanten in 1614 allotted Mark and Cleves to Brandenburg. Brandenburg. In 1807 Mark was ceded to France by the Treaty of Tilsit, and it was incorporated incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Berg. The Congress of Vienna in 1815 returned Mark to Prussia. Counts of Mark Berg House of Altena 1172–1199 1172–1199 1199–1249 1199–1249 1249–1269 1249–1269 & 1249–1277 1249–1277 1277–1308 1277–1308 1308–1328 1308–1328 1328–1347 1328–1347 1347–1391 1347–1391 1391–1393 1391–1393

1393–1398 1393–1398 1398–1448 1398–1448 1448–1481 1481–1521 1521–1539 1539–1592 1592–1609

Friedrich … son of count Eberhard of Altena, Altena, son of count count Adolf Adolf II of Berg Adolf I … son of Friedrich Otto … son of Adolf I; in Altena Engelbert I … son of Adolf I; in Mark; Mark; also also Altena 1269 Eberhard … son of Engelbert I Engelbert II … son of Eberhard Adolf II … son of Engelbert II Engelbert III … son of Adolf II Adolf III … son of Adolf II; bishop of Münster 1357–1363; 1357–1363; bishop of Cologne Cologne 1363–1364; 1363–1364; abdicated, died 1394 Dietrich … son of Adolf III Adolf IV … son son of Adolf III; abdicated, abdicated, died 1448 + Gerhard … son of Adolf III; rival 1423–1430; associated 1430–1461 Johann I, the Wrangler … … son of Adolf IV Johann II, the Childmaker … … son of Johann I Johann III, the Peaceable … son of Johann II Wilhelm, the Rich … son of Johann III Johann Wilhelm … son of Wilhelm; bishop of Münster 1574–1585 (divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neurburg 1609; 1609; to Brandenburg 1614; to Berg 1807; to Prussia 1815) MECKLENBURG

The House of Mecklenburg in northern Germany originated as a family of princes of the Obodrite Slavs, who became Christians definitively in the 11 th century, after repeated attempts at Christianization and German expansion into their lands. In 1167 prince Pribislaw Pribislaw I of the Obodrites Obodrites was confirmed in possession of Mecklenburg by duke Heinrich the Lion of Saxony, and in 1170 he was conferred the dignity of imperial count by the emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa. The family divided into into numerous branches in the 13th century, and the counts of Mecklenburg-Schwerin became became dukes in 1348. One of them, Albrecht II, became king of Sweden in 1364, but lost that throne throne in 1389. By the middle of the 15 th century three younger branches of the dynasty descended from count Heinrich-Burwin II and another branch descended from count Heinrich II were all extinct, and the duchy was reunited by duke Heinrich II of the senior line of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Mecklenburg-Schwerin. As allies of Denmark the dukes of Mecklenburg were dispossessed by the imperial general Albrecht of Weldstein (Wallenstein) in 1628, 1628, but were restored by the Swedish in 1632. From 1701 the family was was permanently


divided into two lines, Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz, both of which acquired the title of grand dukes in 1815. 1815. In 1871 the two grand duchies joined the German Empire. Empire. In 1918 the line of of Mecklenburg-Strelitz became extinct and the grand duchy reverted to the line of Mecklenburg-Schwerin for just over eight months before the the abolition of the monarchy. Princes of the Obodrites Obodrite House 1131–1160 1131–1160 1160–1178 1160–1178 & 1160–1164 1160–1164 1164–1200 1164–1200 1178–1227 1178–1227

1227–1234 & 1227–1234 1227–1234 & 1227–1234 1227–1234 & 1227–1234 1227–1234

1234–1264 1264–1302 1264–1302 & 1264–1265 1264–1265 & 1264–1283 1264–1283 & 1264–1299 1264–1299 1302–1329 1302–1329 1329–1358 1329–1358 & 1329–1352 1329–1352

1234–1277 1234–1277 1277–1291 1277–1291 & 1277–1286 1277–1286 & 1277–1283 1277–1283 1283–1316 1283–1316 & 1283–1337 1283–1337 1291–1294 1291–1294 1316–1352 1337–1360 1337–1360 & 1337–138 1337–13822 1352–1354 1352–1354 1354–1374 1354–1374 1360–1393 1360–1393 & 1360–1378 1360–1378

Niklot … prince of the Obodrites Pribislaw I … son of Niklot; prince 1170 Wartislaw … son of Niklot Nikolaus I … son of Wartislaw; in Rostock Heinrich Burwin I … son of Pribislaw I + Heinrich Burwin II … son of Heinrich Burwin I; associated in Rostock 1217–1226 + Nikolaus II … son of Heinrich Burwin I; associated in Gadebusch 1217–1225 Johann I, the Theologian … son of Heinrich Burwin II; to Mecklenburg 1234–1264 Nikolaus III … son of of Heinrich Heinrich Burwin Burwin II; to Werle Werle 1234–1277 1234–1277 Heinrich Burwin Burwin III … son of Heinrich Burwin II; to Rostock Rostock 1234–1278 1234–1278 Pribislaw II … son son of Heinrich Burwin Burwin II; to Parchim Parchim 1234–1256; 1234–1256; died 1270: 1270: (division into Mecklenburg, Werle, Rostock, and Parchim 1234) Princes of Mecklenburg Johann I, the Theologian … son of Heinrich Burwin II; Obodrites 1227–1234 Heinrich I, the Pilgrim … son of Johann I Albrecht I … son of Johann I Nikolaus III … son of of Johann Johann I; abdicated, died 1289/1290 1289/1290 Johann II … son of of Johann Johann I; in Gadebusch Gadebusch from 1273 1273 Heinrich II, the Lion … son of Heinrich I; associated from 1287 + Johann III … son of Heinrich I; associated 1287–1289 1287–1289 Albrecht II … son of Heinrich Heinrich I; duke 1348; to Schwerin Schwerin 1358–1379 1358–1379 Johann IV … son son of Heinrich I; duke 1348; to Stargard Stargard 1352–1393 1352–1393 (division into Schwerin and Stargard 1359) Princes of Werle, Parchim, Güstrow, and Waren Nikolaus I … son of prince Heinrich Burwin Burwin II of the Obodrites; Obodrites Obodrites 1227–1234 1227–1234 Heinrich I … son son of Nikolaus I; associated associated 1271 Bernhard I … son of Nikolaus I; in in Werle Johann I … son son of Nikolaus I; in in Parchim Nikolaus II … son of Johann I; in in Parchim Johann II … son of Johann I; in Güstrow 1316 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich Heinrich I; associated 1282; deposed, died 1307: 1307: + Nikolaus … son of Heinrich I; associated 1291–1294; 1291–1294; deposed, died 1298: Johann III … son of Nikolaus II; in Parchim and Goldberg Nikolaus III … son of Johann II; in Güstrow Bernhard II … son son of Johann II; in Waren Nikolaus IV … son of Johann Johann III; in Parchim and Goldberg Johann IV … son of Nikolaus IV; in Parchim and Goldberg Lorenz … son of Nikolaus III; in Güstrow Johann V … son of Nikolaus III; in in Güstrow


1382–1395 1382–1395 1393–1421 1393–1421 & 1393–1414 1393–1414 & 1393–1436 1393–1436 1395–1408 & 1395–1426 1395–1426

1234–1278 1234–1278 1278–1282 1278–1282 1282–1314

1352–1392 1352–1392 1392–1416 1392–1416 & 1392–1397 1392–1397 & 1392–1417 1392–1417 1416–1438 1416–1438 1417–1423 1417–1423 & 1417–1466 1417–1466 1466–1471 1466–1471

1358–1379 1358–1379 1379–1383 1379–1383 & 1379–1412 1379–1412 & 1379–1384 1379–1384 1383–1388 1383–1388 1384–1422 1412–1423 1412–1423 1422–1477 1422–1477 & 1422–1443 1477–1503 1477–1503 & 1477–1507 1477–1507 1503–1552 1503–1552 & 1503–1508 1503–1508 & 1503–1534 1503–1534 1552–1557 1552–1557 1557–1576 1557–1576 1576–1585 1576–1585 1585–1592 1592–1603 1592–1603 47 In

Johann VI … son of Bernhard II; in Waren; associated associated in Parchim and Goldberg Goldberg 1374 Balthasar … son of Lorenz; prince of the Wends Wends 1418 Johann VII … son of Lorenz Wilhelm … son of Lorenz; Lorenz; prince prince of the Wends Wends 1421 Nikolaus V … son of Johann VI; in Goldberg Christoph … son of Johann VI; in Waren 47 (division between Schwerin and Stargard 1436) Princes of Rostock Heinrich Burwin Burwin III … son of prince Heinrich Burwin II of the Obodrites; Obodrites Obodrites 1227–1234 1227–1234 Waldemar … son of Heinrich Burwin III; associated 1266 Nikolaus IV, the Child … … son of Waldemar (to Denmark 1301–1323) Dukes of Mecklenburg in Stargard Johann I … son of prince Heinrich II of Mecklenburg; Mecklenburg 1329–1352 1329–1352 Johann II … son of Johann I Albrecht I … son of Johann I Ulrich I … son of Johann I Johann III … son of Johann II Albrecht II … son of Ulrich I Heinrich, the Elder … … son of Ulrich I Ulrich II … son of Heinrich (to Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1471) Dukes and Grand Dukes of Mecklenburg in Schwerin Albrecht I, the Great … … son of prince Heinrich II of Mecklenburg; Mecklenburg 1329–1358 Heinrich I, the Hangman … son of Albrecht I Albrecht II … son son of Albrecht I; Sweden 1364–1389 1364–1389 Magnus I … son of Albrecht I Albrecht III … son of Heinrich I Johann IV … son of Magnus I Albrecht IV … son of Albrecht II Heinrich II, the Fat … … son of Johann IV Johann V … son of Johann IV Magnus II … son of Heinrich II Balthasar … son of Heinrich II Heinrich III, the Peaceable … son of Magnus II; in Schwerin from 1534 Erich … son of Magnus II Albrecht VI, the Handsome … son of Magnus II; to Güstrow 1534–1547 Philipp … son of Heinrich III Johann Albrecht I, the Learned … … son of Albrecht VI; associated 1552 Ulrich III, Nestor … … brother of Johann Albrecht I; abdicated Johann VII, the Melancholy … son of Johann Albrecht I; associated in Wismar since 1576 + Sigismund August … son of Johann Albrecht I; associated in Mirow 1576–1603 Ulrich III, Nestor … … restored

Mecklenburg captivity 1415–1417.


1603–1608 1603–1608 Karl I, the Proper … … brother of Johann Albrecht I; abdicated, died 1610 1608–1638 1608–1638 Adolf Friedrich Friedrich I … son of Johann Johann VI; VI; associated associated since since 1592; 1592; deposed deposed House of Waldstein (Wallenstein) 1628–1632 1628–1632 Albrecht Wenzel Wenzel Eusebius Eusebius … son of count Wilhelm Wilhelm of of Waldstein; Waldstein; deposed, died 1634 Obodrite House of Mecklenburg 1632–1658 1632–1658 Adolf Friedrich I … restored 1658–1692 1658–1692 Christian Ludwig I … son of Adolf Friedrich I + Karl … son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated in Mirow 1658–1670 1658–1670 + Johann Georg … son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated 1658–1675 1658–1675 + Gustav Rudolf … son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated 1658–1670 + Friedrich I … son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated in Grabow 1658–1688 + Adolf Friedrich II … posthumous son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated 1658–1701; 1658–1701; to Strelitz 1701–1708 1701–1708 1692–1713 1692–1713 Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm … son of of Friedrich I; associated associated in Grabow since 1688 1688 1713–1747 1713–1747 Karl Leopold, the Refugee … son of Friedrich I 48 1747–1756 1747–1756 Christian Ludwig II … son of Friedrich I 1756–1785 1756–1785 Friedrich II, the Pious … son of Christian Ludwig II 1785–1837 1785–1837 Friedrich Franz I … son son of Ludwig, son of Christian Christian Ludwig Ludwig I; grand duke 1815 1837–1842 1837–1842 Paul Friedrich … son of Friedrich Ludwig, Ludwig, son son of Friedrich Franz Franz I 1842–1883 1842–1883 Friedrich Franz II … son of Paul Friedrich 1883–1897 1883–1897 Friedrich Franz III … son of Friedrich Franz II 1897–1918 1897–1918 Friedrich Franz IV … son of Friedrich Friedrich Franz III; deposed, died 1945 1945 (to Germany 1918) Dukes of Mecklenburg-Schwerin in Güstrow 1464–1483 1464–1483 Albrecht V … son of duke duke Heinrich Heinrich II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Mecklenburg-Schwerin & 1464–1474 1464–1474 Johann VI … brother of Albrecht V 1483–1534 1483–1534 (to Schwerin) 1534–1547 1534–1547 Albrecht VI, the Handsome … son of duke Magnus II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1547–1555 1547–1555 Johann Albrecht I … son son of Albrecht VI; to Schwerin 1552–1576 1552–1576 1555–1603 1555–1603 Ulrich III, Nestor … … son of Albrecht VI + Christoph … son of Albrecht VI; in Gadebusch 1570–1592 1570–1592 1603–1610 1603–1610 Karl I … son of Albrecht VI 1610–1611 1610–1611 (to Schwerin) 1611–1628 1611–1628 Johann Albrecht II … son of duke duke Johann Johann VII of Schwerin; Schwerin; deposed deposed House of Waldstein (Wallenstein) 1628–1632 1628–1632 Albrecht Wenzel Wenzel Eusebius Eusebius … son of count Wilhelm Wilhelm of of Waldstein; Waldstein; deposed, died 1634 Obodrite House of Mecklenburg 1632–1636 1632–1636 Johann Albrecht II … restored 1636–1695 1636–1695 Gustav Adolf … son of Johann Albrecht II (to Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1695, contested by Mecklenburg-Strelitz until 1748)

1701–1708 1701–1708 1708–1752 1708–1752 1752–1794 1752–1794 48 In

Princes of Mecklenburg in Strelitz Adolf Friedrich II … posthumous son of of duke Adolf Friedrich I of Schwerin Adolf Friedrich III … son of Adolf Friedrich II Adolf Friedrich Friedrich IV … son son of of Karl, Karl, son of Adolf Friedrich II

exile 1719–1730.


1794–1816 1794–1816 1816–1860 1816–1860 1860–1904 1860–1904 1904–1914 1904–1914 1914–1918 1914–1918

Karl II … brother of Adolf Friedrich Friedrich IV; IV; grand grand duke duke 1815 1815 Georg … son of Karl II Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Georg Adolf Friedrich V … son of Freidrivh Wilhelm Adolf Friedrich VI … son of Adolf Friedrich V (to Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1918; to Germany 1918) MEISSEN

The area of Meissen (Meißen) in eastern Germany originally belonged to the Slavic Sorbs, and was annexed by the East Frankish kingdom kingdom (Germany) in the 920s. 920s. After 936 it constituted constituted part of the great Saxon East March (Ostmark) ruled by margrave Gero, but on the latter’s death in 965 a separate march of Meissen (or Thuringian March) emerged alongside others in Merseburg and Zeitz, as well as Lusatia (Lausitz) and the Saxon North March (Nordmark). (Nordmark). Unlike some of its fellow fellow marches, Meissen was was not swept away by the Slavic revolt of 983 and survived the incursions of Bolesław I of Poland in the early 11 th century. century. By the the midth 12 century Meissen had become the base of the Wettin family, which extended its control over Thuringia and electoral Saxony in later centuries. After 1547, the march of Meissen was fully united with electoral Saxony. Saxony. Margraves of Meissen (Meißen) House of Wigbert 965–:976 Wigbert House of Serimunt :976–978 Thietmar … son of margrave Christian of Serimunt House of Merseburg 978–982 Günther … son of count Ekkehard of Merseburg House of Harzgau 982–985 Rikdag … son of (?) count Volkmar House of Merseburg 985–1002 Ekkehard I … son of Günther; Günther; married Suanhilde, widow of Thietmar 1002–1009 1002–1009 Gunzelin … son of Günther; deposed, died c .1017 .1017 1009–1038 1009–1038 Hermann I … son of Ekkehard I 1038–1046 1038–1046 Ekkehard II … son of Ekkehard I House of Weimar 1046–1062 1046–1062 Wilhelm … son of count Wilhelm III of Weimar 1062–1067 1062–1067 Otto I … brother of Wilhelm House of Brunswick 1067–1068 1067–1068 Ekbert I … son of margrave Liudolf of Frisia 1068–1089 1068–1089 Ekbert II … son of Ekbert I; married Oda, daughter of Otto I; deposed, died 1090 1090 House of Wettin 1090–1103 1090–1103 Heinrich I, the Elder … … son of margrave Dedo I of Lusatia; married Gertrud, daughter of Ekbert I 1103–1123 1103–1123 Heinrich II, the Younger … … posthumous son of Heinrich I House of Groitzsch 1123–1124 1123–1124 Wiprecht … husband of Kunigunde, daughter of Otto I; son of count Wiprecht Wiprecht I of Balsamgau Balsamgau House of Winzenburg 1124–1130 1124–1130 Hermann … son of count Hermann of Formbach; Formbach; deposed, deposed, died 1137 House of Wettin 1130–1156 Konrad, the Pious … son of Thimo, son of Thimo, brother of margrave Dedo I of Lusatia; abdicated, died 1157 1156–1190 1156–1190 Otto II, the Rich … son of Konrad


1190–1195 1190–1195 1195–1197 1195–1197 1197–1221 1221–1288 1221–1288 1288–1292 1288–1292 1292–1323 1292–1323 1323–1349 1323–1349 1349–1381 1349–1381 1381–1382 1381–1382 & 1381–1407 1381–1407 1407–1428 1407–1428 & 1407–1425 1407–1425 1428–1464 1428–1464 1464–1482 1464–1482 1464–1500 1464–1500 1500–1539 1500–1539 1539–1541 1539–1541 1541–1553 1541–1553

Albrecht I, the Proud … … son of Otto II (to the Empire) Dietrich, the Oppressed … … son of Otto II Heinrich III, the Illustrious … son of Dietrich Albrecht II, the Degenerate … son of Heinrich III; deposed, died 1314 Friedrich I, the Dauntless … son of Albrecht II Friedrich II, the Grave … son of Friedrich I Friedrich III, the Stern … son of Friedrich II Balthasar … son of Friedrich III; to Thuringia 1382–1406 1382–1406 Wilhelm I, the One-Eyed … … son of Friedrich III Friedrich IV, the Warlike … son of Friedrich III; Saxony from 1423 Wilhelm II, the Rich … son of Friedrich III Friedrich V, the Mild … … son of Friedrich IV Ernst … son of Friedrich V; to to Saxony 1482–1485 1482–1485 Albrecht III … son of Friedrich V Georg … son of Albrecht III Heinrich IV … son of Albrecht III Moritz … son son of Heinrich IV; Saxony from 1547 (union with Saxony 1553) METTERNICH

In 1637 the lords of Metternich received Winneburg and Beilstein from their uncle, the archbishop of Trier, and were promoted to counts counts in 1679. After Franz Georg Karl lost lost his lands to France by the Treaty of Lunéville in 1801, he was compensated with the secularized abbey of Ochsenhausen and the title of prince in 1803. The principality endured endured for three years, until it was was mediatized in favor favor of Württemberg. The prince’s son Klemens Wenzel distinguished himself as Austria’s foreign minister for almost four decades (1809–1848) and was the architect of the Congress of Vienna. The list includes only the princely line of the family. Lords, Counts, and Princes of Metternich House of Metternich 1637–1652 1637–1652 & 1637–1666 1637–1666 1652–1698 1652–1698 1666–1695 1666–1695 1698–1719 1698–1719 1719–1739 1719–1739 1739–1750 1739–1750 1750–1806 1750–1806

Wilhelm … son of Johann Johann Dietrich, brother brother of archbishop Lothar of Trier Lothar … brother of Wilhelm Philipp Emmerich … son of Wilhelm; count 1679 Diether Adolf … son of Lothar; count 1679 Franz Ferdinand … son of Philipp Emmerich Dietrich Philipp Adolf … son of Franz Ferdinand Johann Hugo Franz … son son of Dietrich Philipp Adolf Franz Georg Karl … son of Johann Hugo Franz; Franz; prince 1803; mediatized, died 1818 1818 (to Württemberg 1806) MONTFORT

The Swabian counts of Montfort Montfort represent a junior branch of the counts palatine of Tübingen. Tübingen. The comital house separated into numerous numerous lines, including the separate separate branch of the counts of Werdenberg. Werdenberg. The counts of Montfort subdivided into branches ruling in Feldkirch/Tosters, Bregenz, and Tettnang in 1260, the first of which sold its possessions possessions to Austria in 1375. The remaining Montfort Montfort possessions possessions were briefly reunited by the th Tettnang branch of the family in the mid-14 century, then divided for two centuries between


Montfort/Bregenz and and Tettnang. The Montfort branch survived survived until 1779, when it sold its lands to Austria Austria and Württemberg. Austria had already obtained obtained the two halves of Bregenz in 1458 1458 and 1525. The numbering of the counts is inconsistent in the literature. Counts of Montfort House of Tübingen :1208–1228: :1208–1228:

:1230–1260 :1230–1260

1260–1302 1260–1302 1302–1310 1302–1310 1310–1314 1310–1314 & 1310–1321 1310–1321 & 1310–1357: 1310–1357: & 1310–1375 1310–1375 1375

1260–1287: 1260–1287: :1289–1338 :1289–1338 1338–1353 1353–1373 1353–1373 1373–:1379 1373–:1379 :1379–1393: :1379–1393: & :1379–1423: :1379–1423: :1399–1422 :1399–1422 1422–1458 1422–1458 :1426–1437 :1426–1437 & :1426–1434 :1426–1434 1434–1482 & 1434–1447 1434–1447 & 1434–1469 1482–1525 1482–1525 & 1482–1544 1482–1544 & 1482–1515 1482–1515 1544–1573 1573–1590 1573–1590 & 1573–1619 & 1573–1596 1573–1596 1619–1625 1619–1625 & 1619–1662 1619–1662 & 1619–1641 1619–1641 1662–1686

Hugo I … son son of count Hugo II of Tübingen Rudolf I … son of Hugo I; to Werdenberg :1230–1243: :1230–1243: Hugo II … son of Hugo I (division into Feldkirch/Tosters, Bregenz, and Tettnang 1260) Counts of Montfort in Feldkirch and Tosters Rudolf II … son of count Hugo II of Montfort Hugo III … son of Rudolf II; in Tosters Berthold … son of Hugo III; in Feldkirch Friedrich … son of Hugo III; in Tosters Hugo IV … son son of Hugo III; in in Tosters Rudolf III, the Elder … … son of Hugo III; in Feldkirch Rudolf IV, the Younger … … son of Rudolf III; in Feldkirch; sold county, died 1390 (to Austria 1375) Counts of Montfort in Bregenz and Montfort Ulrich … son of count Hugo II of Montfort Hugo III … son son of Ulrich; sold Sigmaringen to Austria (to Tettnang) Wilhelm II … son of count Wilhelm I of Tettnang Wilhelm III … son of Wilhelm II Konrad … son of Wilhelm III Hugo IV … son of Wilhelm III Wilhelm IV … son of Konrad Elisabeth … daughter daughter of Wilhelm Wilhelm IV; sold sold ½ Bregenz to Austria Stephan … son of Hugo IV Hermann I … son of Ulrich, Ulrich, son son of of Hugo Hugo IV Hermann II … son of Hermann I Georg I … son of Hermann I Johann I … son of Hermann I Hugo V … son of Hermann II; in ½ Bregenz; sold ½ Bregenz to Austria 1525, died died 1550 Georg II … son of Hermann Hermann II; in Montfort; inherited Bedach 1515 1515 Hermann III … son of Hermann II; in Bedach Jakob … son of Georg II Georg III … son of Jakob; inherited Tettnang 1574 Johann II … son of Jakob Wolfgang … son of Jakob; Jakob; in Pfannenberg; sold county, county, died 1617 Johann III … son of Johann II Hugo VI … son of Johann II Hermann IV … son of Johann II Johann IV … son of Hugo VI


& 1662–1706 1662–1706 1686–1730 1686–1730 1706–1724 1706–1724 1730–1759 1730–1759 1759–1779 1759–1779 & 1759–1779 1759–1779

1260–1309 1260–1309 1309–1353 1309–1353 1353–1354 1353–1408 1353–1408 1408–1425 1408–1425 & 1408–1438: 1408–1438: :1443–1445 :1443–1445 :1443–1495 :1443–1495 1495–1520 1495–1520

:1443–1444 :1443–1444 1444–1483 1444–1483

:1443–1491 :1443–1491 1491–1529 & 1491–1519 1519–1547 & 1519–1564 & 1519–1541 1564–1576 1564–1576

Anton I … son of Hugo VI Anton II … son of Johann IV Sebastian … son of Anton I Ernst Maximilian Joseph … son of Anton II Franz Xaver Xaver … son of Ernst Maximilian Joseph; sold county, county, died 1780 Anton III … son of Ernst Maximilian Maximilian Joseph; sold county, county, died 1787 (to Austria and Württemberg 1779) Counts of Montfort in Tettnang Hugo III … son of count Hugo II of Montfort Wilhelm I … son of Hugo Hugo III; inherited inherited Tettnang Tettnang 1338 Wilhelm II … son of Wilhelm I; to Bregenz 1353–1373 1353–1373 Hugo IV … son of Wilhelm I Heinrich I … son of Wilhelm I Rudolf I … son of Heinrich I; in Scheer Wilhelm III … son of Heinrich I Heinrich II … son of Wilhelm III; to Werdenberg :1443–1444 Rudolf II … son of Wilhelm III; in Argen Ulrich I … son of Wilhelm III Hugo V … son of Wilhelm III; to Rothenfels :1443–1491 Ulrich II … son of Ulrich I (to Rothenfels 1520) Counts of Montfort in Werdenberg Heinrich II … son of count Wilhelm III of Tettnang Wilhelm IV … son of Heinrich II (to Rothenfels 1483) Counts of Montfort in Rothenfels Hugo V … son of count Wilhelm III of Tettnang; inherited Werdenberg 1483 Johann I … son of Hugo V; inherited inherite d Tettnang 1520 Hugo VI … son of Hugo V Johann II … son of Hugo VI Hugo VII … son of Hugo VI Wolfgang … son of Hugo VI Ulrich … son of Hugo VII; sold Rothenfels to Königsegg Königsegg 1567 49 (Tettnang to Montfort 1574) NAMUR

The county of Namur belonged to the duchy of Lower Lorraine. Lorraine. In 1189 it was conquered by count Baudouin Baudouin V of Hainault, who had been promised the succession succession by Henri I of Namur before the latter had issue. Namur remained in the possession of the House of Hainault and its descendants until conquered by Luxembourg in 1256. The rival claims of the lines descended descended from the original counts of Namur Namur and the counts of Hainault Hainault were reconciled in 1264 with Namur being ceded to Guy of Dampierre. This line held Namur until margrave Jean III sold his title and lands to the Valois duke of Burgundy in 1421, the sale becoming effective upon his 49 Baron Johann Jakob of Königsegg having married Elisabeth, daughter of count Hugo VII.


death in 1429. Thereafter Namur shared the fate of what has become modern Belgium. Belgium. Counts and Margraves of Namur House of Lommegau 907–932: Bérenger … husband husband of daughter daughter of count count Régnier Régnier I of Hainault Hainault :946–974: Robert I … son of (?) Bérenger :981–1010 Albert I … son of Robert I 1010–1018: 1010–1018: Robert II … son of Albert I :1031–1063 :1031–1063 Albert II … son of Albert I 1063–1102 1063–1102 Albert III … son of Albert II 1102–1139 1102–1139 Godefroy … son of Albert III 1139–1189 1139–1189 Henri I, the Blind … … son of Godefroy I; deposed, died 1196 Flemish House of Hainault 1189–1195 Baudouin I, the Brave … son of count Baudouin IV of Hainault by Alix, daughter of Godefroy; margrave 1190 1195–1212 Philippe I … son of Baudouin I Capetian House of Courtenay 1212–1226 1212–1226 Philippe II, the Lip … son of the Latin emperor Pierre of Courtenay by Yolande, daughter of Baudouin I 1226–1229 1226–1229 Henri II … brother of Philippe II 1229–1237 1229–1237 Marguerite … sister sister of Henri II; abdicated, died 1270 & 1229–1237 1229–1237 Henri III of Vianden Vianden … husband of Marguerite; Marguerite; son of count Friedrich III of Vianden; Vianden; died 1252 1237–1256 1237–1256 Baudouin II … brother of of Marguerite; Marguerite; deposed; Latin emperor 1237–1273 1237–1273 Limburg House of Luxembourg 1256–1264 Henri IV, the Blond … … son of count Walram III of Limburg by Ermesinde, daughter of Henri I; abdicated, died 1281 House of Dampierre 1264–1305 1264–1305 Guy I … son of countess countess Margaretha Margaretha II of Flanders by Guillaume Guillaume II of Dampierre; Dampierre; married Isabelle, daughter of Henri IV 1305–1330 Jean I … son of Guy 1330–1335 1330–1335 Jean II … son of Jean I 1335–1336 1335–1336 Guy II … son of Jean I 1336–1337 1336–1337 Philippe III … son of Jean I 1337–1391 1337–1391 Guillaume I, the Rich … son of Jean I 1391–1418 1391–1418 Guillaume II … son of Guillaume I 1418–1429 1418–1429 Jean III … son of Guillaume Guillaume I; sold succession succession to the duke duke of Burgundy 1421 Valois House of Burgundy 1429–1467 1429–1467 Philippe IV, the Good … … son of duke Jean II of Burgundy 1467–1477 1467–1477 Charles I, the Rash … son of Philippe IV 1477–1482 1477–1482 Marie … daughter of Charles I Habsburg House of Austria 1482–1506 Philippe V, the Handsome … son of Marie by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 1504–1506 1506–1549 1506–1549 Charles II … son of Philippe Philippe V; abdicated; Castile 1506–1556 1506–1556;; Aragón and Sicily 1516–1556; 1516–1556; Naples 1516–1554; Empire 1519–1558 (to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; to France 1794; to the Netherlands 1815; to Belgium 1830)


NASSAU

The House of Nassau traces its origins origins to the counts of Laurenburg in western Franconia. In the middle of the th 13 century the house divided between the Walramian Walramian and Ottonian lines. The Walramian count Adolf of Nassau-Wiesbaden Nassau-Wiesbaden was elected German king in 1292. 1292. The Walramian line line (imperial princes from 1688) survived several divisions and its holdings were reunited in 1816 by prince Friedrich Wilhelm of Nassau Weilburg, who became became duke of Nassau in succession succession to his cousin cousin Friedrich August of Nassau Nassau Usingen. In 1866 th duke Adolf was deposed and Nassau Nassau was annexed by Prussia. Prussia. In the 16 century the Ottonian line acquired the principality of Orange in France and then the leadership of the United Provinces under count Wilhelm the Silent. His heirs continued to rule the Netherlands, and upon upon their extinction it passed to the cadet line of Nassau-Dietz (renamed Orange-Nassau), which, like the other Ottonian lines, had acquired the status of imperial princes in the 1650s. 1650s. By 1739 the line of Orange-Nassau Orange-Nassau had united the possessions possessions of the Ottonian line, but in 1815 most most of their German holdings were transferred to the Walramian duchy duchy of Nassau. The kingdom of the Netherlands, including Luxemburg and what later became Belgium in 1831, remained in the hands of the House of Orange-Nassau. When the direct male line of Orange-Nassau became became extinct in 1890, the Netherlands passed to female heirs while the deposed duke Adolf of Nassau became grand duke of Luxembourg in accordance with Salic Law. Counts of Laurenburg and Nassau House of Nassau 1093–1123 1093–1123 1123–1154 1123–1154 & 1123–1148: 1123–1148: 1154–1159 1154–1159 & 1154–1159 1154–1159 & 1154–1198 1154–1198 1159–1167 1159–1167 & 1159–1191 1159–1191 1198–1251 1198–1251 &1198–1230 &1198–1230 1251–1255 & 1251–1255 1251–1255

Dudo Heinrich … son of Ruprecht; count of Laurenburg Ruprecht I … son of Dudo Heinrich; in Nassau Arnold I … son of Dudo Heinrich; in Laurenburg Arnold II … son of Ruprecht I Ruprecht II … son of Ruprecht I Walram I … son of Ruprecht I Heinrich I … son of Arnold I Ruprecht III, the Warlike … brother of Heinrich I Heinrich II, the Rich … son of Walram I Ruprecht IV … son of Walram Walram I; abdicated, abdicated, died died 1239: 1239: Walram II … son of Heinrich II; Walramian Line 1255–1276 Otto I … son of Heinrich II; Ottonian Ottonian Line 1255–1289 1255–1289 (division into Walramian and Ottonian lines 1255)

Walramian Line of the House of Nassau (in Wiesbaden, Idstein, Weilburg, and Sonnenberg) 1255–1276 1255–1276 Walram II … son of of count Heinrich II of Nassau; Nassau 1251–1255 1251–1255 1276–1298 Adolf I … son of Walram II; German king 1292–1298 1298–1304 1298–1304 Ruprecht V … son of Adolf I & 1298–134 1298–13444 Gerlach I … son of Adolf Adolf I; abdicated, died 1361 & 1298–1324 1298–1324 Walram III … son of Adolf I 1344–1355 1344–1355 Adolf II … son of Gerlach Gerlach I; to Wiesbaden Wiesbaden and Idstein Idstein 1355–1370 1355–1370 & 1344–1355 1344–1355 Johann I … son of Gerlach I; to Weilburg 1355–1371 1355–1371 & 1344–1355 1344–1355 Kraft … son of Gerlach I; to Sonnenberg 1355–1356 1355–1356 & 1344–135 1344–13555 Ruprecht VI … son of Gerlach I; to Sonnenberg 1355–1390 1355–1390 (division into Wiesbaden-Idstein, Weilburg, and Sonnenberg 1355)

1355–1370 1370–1386 1370–1386

Counts of Nassau in Wiesbaden and Idstein Adolf I … son of count Gerlach I of the Walramian Line; Walramian Line 1344–1355 Gerlach II … son of Adolf I


& 1370–1393 1370–1393 1393–1426 1393–1426 1426–1480 1426–1480 1480–1511 1480–1511 & 1480–1509 1480–1509 1511–1554 1511–1554 1554–1566 1554–1566 & 1554–1556 1554–1556 1564–1568 1564–1568 1568–1596 1568–1596 1596–1605 1596–1605 1605–1629 1605–1629 1629–1635 1629–1635 1635–1648 1635–1648 1648–1677 1648–1677 1677–1721 1677–1721

1355–1371 1355–1371 1371–1429 1371–1429 1429–1490 1429–1490 & 1429–1442 1429–1442 1490–1523 1490–1523 1523–1559 1523–1559 1559–1593 1559–1593 & 1559–1574 1559–1574 1593–1627 1593–1627 & 1593–1597 1593–1597 & 1593–1602 1593–1602 1627–1629 1627–1629 & 1627–1629 1627–1629 & 1627–1655 1627–1655 & 1627–1629 1627–1629 1655–1675 1655–1675 1675–1719 1675–1719 & 1675–1684 1675–1684 1719–1753 1719–1753 1753–1788 1753–1788 1788–1816 1788–1816 1816–1839 1816–1839 1839–1866 1839–1866

1442–1472 1442–1472

Walram II … son of Adolf I Adolf II … son of Walram II Johann I … son of Adolf II Adolf III … son of Johann I; in Wiesbaden Philipp I … son son of Johann I; in Idstein Philipp II, the Elder … … son of Adolf III; abdicated, died 1558 Philipp III, the Younger … … son of Philipp II; in Wiesbaden Adolf IV … son of Philipp II; in in Idstein Balthasar … son of Philipp II; in Idstein 1564–1566 1564–1566 Johann Ludwig I … son of Balthasar Johann Ludwig II … son son of Johann Ludwig I (to Nassau-Weilburg) Johann II … son of count count Ludwig II of Nassau-Weilburg Nassau-Weilburg;; Weilburg 1627–1629; 1627–1629; deposed (to France) Johann II … restored Georg August Samuel … son son of of Johann Johann II; prince prince 1688 1688 (to Nassau-Ottweiler 1721) Counts and Princes of Nassau in Weilburg, Dukes of o f Nassau Johann I … son son of count Gerlach Gerlach I of the Walramian Line; Walramian Walramian Line 1344–1355 1344–1355 Philipp I … son of Johann I; inherited inherited Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 1381 Philipp II … son of Philipp I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1492 Johann II … son of Philipp I; to Saarbrücken 1442–1472 1442–1472 + Johann III … son of Philipp II; associated 1472–1480 Ludwig I … son of Johann III; associated 1480 Philipp III … son of Ludwig I Albrecht … son of Philipp III Philipp IV … son of of Philipp Philipp III; to Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 1574–160 1574–16022 Ludwig II … son of Albrecht; to Weilnau Weilnau and and Ottweiler Ottweiler 1593–1597 Wilhelm … son son of Albrecht; in Weilburg and Merenberg Johann Kasimir … son son of of Albrecht; Albrecht; in Gleiberg and Kirchheim Wilhelm Ludwig … son of Ludwig Ludwig II; to Saarbrücken Saarbrücken and and Ottweiler Ottweiler 1629–1640 1629–1640 Johann IV … son of Ludwig II; to Wiesbaden Wiesbaden and Idstein 1629–1677 1629–1677 Ernst Kasimir Kasimir … son of Ludwig Ludwig II; to Weilburg Weilburg 1629–165 1629–16555 Otto … son of Ludwig II; to Kirchheim 1629–1632 1629–1632 Friedrich … son of Ernst Kasimir Johann Ernst … son of of Friedrich; Friedrich; prince 1688 (did not not assume assume title) Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Friedrich Karl August … son of Johann Ernst; prince 1737 Karl Christian … son of Karl August Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Karl Christian Wilhelm … son of Friedrich Friedrich Wilhelm; Wilhelm; duke duke of Nassau Nassau 1816 Adolf … son of of Wilhelm; Wilhelm; deposed, deposed, grand grand duke of Luxembourg Luxembourg 1890–1905 1890–1905 (to Prussia 1866) Counts of Nassau in Saarbrücken Johann II … son son of count Philipp Philipp I of Nassau-Weilburg; Nassau-Weilburg; Nassau-Weilburg Nassau-Weilburg 1429–1442 1429–1442


1472–1544 1472–1544 1544–1554 1544–1554 & 1544–1574 & 1544–1547 1544–1547 1574–1602 1574–1602 1602–1629 1602–1629 1629–1640 1629–1640 1640–1642 & 1640–1659 1640–1659 & 1640–1677 & 1640–1659 1640–1659 1677–1713 1677–1713 1713–1723 1713–1723 1723–1735 1723–1735 1735–1768 1735–1768 1768–1793 1768–1793

1629–1659 1629–1659 1659–1680 1659–1680 1680–1728 1680–1728

1629–1659 1629–1659 1659–1702 1659–1702 1702–1718 1702–1718 1718–1775 1718–1775 & 1718–1735 1718–1735 1775–1803 1775–1803 1803–1816 1803–1816

Johann Ludwig I … son of Johann II; abdicated, abdicated, died 1545 1545 Philipp I … son of Johann Ludwig I Johann III … son of Johann Ludwig I; to Saarwerden Saarwerd en 1544–1556, 1559–1574, and Ottweiler-Homburg Ottweiler-Homburg 1547–1554 1547–1554 Adolf … son of Johann Ludwig I; to Kirchheim Kirchheim 1547–1559 1547–1559;; Saarwerden 1556–1559 1556–1559 Philipp II … son of count Philipp Philipp III of Nassau-Weilburg; Nassau-Weilburg; Weilburg 1559–1574 1559–1574 (to Nassau-Weilburg) Wilhelm Ludwig Ludwig … son of count Ludwig Ludwig II of Nassau-Weilburg; Nassau-Weilburg; Weilburg 1627–1629 1627–1629 Kraft … son of Wilhelm Ludwig Johann Ludwig Ludwig II … son of Wilhelm Ludwig; to Ottweiler 1659–1680, 1659–1680, died 1690 Gustav Adolf … son of Wilhelm Ludwig Wolrad … son of Wilhelm Ludwig; to Usingen 1659–1702; 1659–1702; prince 1688 Ludwig Kraft I … son of Gustav Adolf Karl Ludwig … son of Gustav Adolf (to Nassau-Ottweiler) Wilhelm Heinrich Heinrich II … posthumous posthumous son of prince Wilhelm Heinrich Heinrich I of Nassau-Usingen, Nassau-Usingen, son of Wolrad; Usingen 1718–1735 Ludwig Kraft II … son of of Wilhelm Wilhelm Heinrich Heinrich II; deposed, died 1794 1794 (to France 1793; to Prussia 1815) Counts of Nassau in Ottweiler (to Nassau-Saarbrücken) Nassau-Saarbrücken) Johann Ludwig II … son son of count Wilhelm Wilhelm Ludwig Ludwig of Nassau-Saarbrücken; Nassau-Saarbrücken; Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 1640–1659; 1640–1659; abdicated, died 1690 Friedrich Ludwig … son of Johann Ludwig II (to Nassau-Usingen 1728) Counts of Nassau in Usingen, Dukes of Nassau (to Nassau-Saarbrücken) Nassau-Saarbrücken) Wolrad … son of count count Wilhelm Wilhelm Ludwig Ludwig of Nassau-Saarbrücken; Nassau-Saarbrücken; Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 1640–1659 1640–1659;; prince 1688 Wilhelm Heinrich I … son of Wolrad Karl … son of Wilhelm Heinrich I Wilhelm Heinrich Heinrich II … posthumous posthumous son of Wilhelm Wilhelm Heinrich Heinrich I; to Saarbrücken 1735–1768 1735–1768 Karl Wilhelm … son of Karl Friedrich August August … son of Karl; duke of Nassau Nassau 1806 (to Nassau-Weilburg 1816)

Ottonian Line of the House of Nassau (in Siegen, Hadamar, Dillenburg, and Beilstein) 1255–1289 1255–1289 Otto I … son of count count Heinrich Heinrich II of Nassau; Nassau; Nassau Nassau 1251–125 1251–12555 1289–1303 1289–1303 Heinrich III … son of Otto Otto I; to Siegen Siegen 1303–1343 & 1289–1303 Emich I … son of Otto I; to Hadamar 1303–1334 & 1289–1303 1289–1303 Johann … son of Otto Otto I; to Dillenburg Dillenburg and Beilstein 1303–1328 1303–1328 (division into Siegen, Hadamar, and Dillenburg-Beilstein 1303)

1303–1343 1343–1344 1343–1344

Counts of Nassau in Siegen Heinrich Heinric h I … son of count Otto I of the Ottonian Line; Ottonian Line 1289–1303 Otto II … son of Heinrich Heinrich III; to Dillenburg-Siegen 1344–1350: 1344–1350:


& 1343–1344 1343–1344

1344–1350: 1344–1350: :1351–1416 1416–1420 & 1416–1443 & 1416–1442 1416–1442 & 1416–1442 1442–1475 1442–1475 & 1442–145 1442–14500 1475–1504 1475–1504 & 1475–1516 1475–1516 1516–1538 1516–1538 & 1516–1559 1559–1584 1559–1584 & 1559–1606 1606–1607 1606–1607 & 1606–1607 1606–1607 & 1606–1607 & 1606–1607 1606–1607 & 1606–1607

1607–1620 1607–1620 1620–1623 1620–1623 1623–1662 1623–1662 & 1623–1626 1623–1626 1662–1701 1662–1701 1701–1724 1701–1724 1724–1739 1724–1739

1607–1623 1623–1638 1623–1638 & 1623–1642 1623–1642 & 1623–1679 & 1623–1674 1623–1674 1638–1699 1638–1699 1699–1706 1699–1706 1706–1726 1706–1726

Heinrich II … son of Heinrich Heinrich III; to Beilstein 1344–1378: 1344–1378: (division into Dillenburg-Siegen and Beilstein 1344) Counts of Nassau in Dillenburg and an d Siegen Otto … son of count Heinrich I of Nassau-Siegen; Siegen 1343–1344 1343–1344 Johann I … son of Otto Adolf … son of Johann I Johann II, the Helmeted … … son of Johann I; in Dietz 1425 Engelbert I … son of of Johann Johann I; in Herborn Herborn and and Hadamar Hadamar 1425 Johann III … son of Johann I; in Haiger 1425 Johann IV … son of Engelbert I; in Breda Heinrich II … son of Engelbert Engelbert I; in Dillenburg and Siegen Engelbert II … son of Johann Johann IV, in Breda and the Netherlands Johann V … son of Johann Johann IV; IV; in Dillenburg and and Siegen Heinrich III … son of Johann Johann V; in Breda and the Netherlands since since 1504 1504 Wilhelm I, the Rich … son of Johann V; in Dillenburg and Siegen Wilhelm II, the Silent … … son of Wilhelm I; in Breda and the Netherlands Johann VI, the Elder … … son of Wilhelm I Wilhelm Ludwig … son son of Johann VI; to Dillenburg 1607–1620 1607–1620 Johann VII, the Middle … son of Johann VI; to Siegen 1607–1623 Georg … son of Johann VI; to Beilstein Beilste in 1607–1620; to Dillenburg Dillenbur g 1620–1623 Ernst Kasimir Kasimir … son of Johann VI; to Dietz 1607–163 1607–16322 Johann Ludwig … son of Johann VI; to Hadamar 1607–1653 (division into Dillenburg, Siegen, Beilstein, Dietz, and Hadamar 1607) Counts and Princes of Nassau in Dillenburg Wilhelm Ludwig … son of count count Johann Johann VI VI of Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Dillenburg Dillenburg and and Siegen 1606–1607 Georg … brother of Wilhelm Wilhelm Ludwig; in Beilstein 1607–1620 1607–1620 Ludwig Heinrich … son of Georg; prince 1652 Albrecht … son of Georg Heinrich … son son of of Georg Georg Ludwig, son of Ludwig Ludwig Heinrich + Adolf … son of Ludwig Heinrich; in Holzapfel-Schaumburg 1653–1676 1653–1676 Wilhelm … son of Heinrich Christian … son of Heinrich (to Nassau-Dietz 1739) Counts and Princes of Nassau in Siegen Johann VII, the Middle … son of count Johann VI of Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Dillenburg and Siegen 1606–1607 Johann VIII, the Younger … … son of Johann VII Wilhelm … son of Johann VII Johann Moritz … son of Johann VII; prince 1664 Georg Friedrich … son son of Johann VII; prince 1664 Johann Franz … son of Johann VIII; prince 1652 Wilhelm Hyacinth … son of Johann Franz; deposed (to the Empire)


1726–1743 1726–1743

1623–1652 1623–1652 1652–1691 1652–1691 1691–1722 1691–1722 1722–1734 1722–1734

1607–1632 1607–1632 1632–1640 1632–1640 & 1632–1664 1632–1664 1664–1696 1664–1696 1696–1711 1696–1711 1711–1751 1711–1751 1751–1806 1751–1806

1303–1334 1303–1334 1334–1364: 1334–1364: 1337–1359 1337–1359 :1365–1367: :1365–1367: & :1365–1394: 1394:–1607 1394:–1607 1607–1653 1607–1653 1653–1679 1653–1679 1679–1711 1679–1711

1344–1378: 1344–1378: :1380–1412: :1380–1412: & :1380–:1412 :1380–:1412 1412:–1473 1412:–1473 & 1412:–1477 1412:–1477 1473–1499 1473–1499 1499–1513 1499–1513 & 1499–1556 1499–1556 1513–1561 1513–1561

Wilhelm Hyacinth … restored (to Nassau-Dillenburg 1743) Counts and Prince of Nassau-Siegen in Wisch Heinrich … son of count Johann VII of Nassau-Siegen Wilhelm Moritz … son of Heinrich; prince 1664 Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf … son of Wilhelm Moritz Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf (to Nassau-Dillenburg 1734) Counts and Princes of Nassau in Dietz (Diez) Ernst Kasimir Kasimir … son of count Johann VI of Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Dillenburg Dillenburg and and Siegen 1606–1607 Heinrich Kasimir I … son of Ernst Kasimir Wilhelm Friedrich … son son of Ernst Kasimir; prince 1654 Heinrich Kasimir II … son of Wilhelm Friedrich Johann Wilhelm Friso … son of Heinrich Kasimir II Wilhelm Friso … posthumous son of of Johann Johann Wilhelm Wilhelm Friso; Friso; Netherlands Netherlands 1747–1751 1747–1751 Wilhelm … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm Friso; Friso; Netherlands Netherlands 1751–1795 1751–1795;; deposed, deposed, died 1806 (to France 1806; to the duchy of Nassau 1815; to Prussia 1866) Counts of Nassau in Hadamar Emich I … son of count Otto I of the Ottonian Line; Ottonian Ottonian Line Line 1289–1303 1289–1303 Johann … son of Emich I Emich II … son of Emich I Heinrich … son of Johann Emich III … son of Johann (to Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen) Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen) Johann Ludwig … son of count count Johann Johann VI VI of Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Dillenburg Dillenburg and and Siegen 1606–1607; prince 1650 Moritz Heinrich … son of Johann Ludwig Franz Alexander … son of Moritz Heinrich (to Nassau-Dillenburg and Nassau-Dietz 1711; to Nassau-Dietz 1739) Counts of Nassau in Beilstein Heinrich I … son of count count Heinrich Heinrich I of Nassau-Siegen Nassau-Siegen Heinrich II … son of Heinrich I Reinhard … son of Heinrich I; in Liebenscheid Johann I … son of Heinrich II Heinrich III … son of of Johann Johann II; in Liebenscheid 1425 Heinrich IV … son of Johann I Johann II … son of Heinrich IV Bernhard … son of Heinrich Heinrich IV; in Lahr 1514; in Liebenscheid Liebenscheid 1537 Johann III … son of Johann II (to Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen 1561)


1405–1442 1405–1442 1442–1475 1442–1475 1475–1504 1475–1504 1504–1538 1504–1538 1538–1544 1538–1544 1544–1584 1544–1584 1584–1618 1584–1618 1618–1625 1618–1625 1625–1647 1625–1647 1647–1650 1647–1650 1650–1702 1650–1702

Counts of Nassau in Breda, Princes of Orange Englebert I … son of count Johann I of Nassau-Dillenburg Nassau-Dillenburg Johann … son of Engelbert I Engelbert II … son of Johann Heinrich … son of of count Johann V of Nassau-Dillenburg, Nassau-Dillenburg, son of Johann Johann Renatus … son of Heinrich; prince of Orange 1530 Wilhelm I, the Silent … … son of count Wilhelm I of Nassau-Dillenburg, brother of Heinrich; Netherlands 1581–1584 1581–1584 Philipp Wilhelm … son of Wilhelm I Moritz … son of Wilhelm I; Netherlands 1585–1625 1585–1625 Friedrich Heinrich … son of Wilhelm I; Netherlands 1625–1647 1625–1647 Wilhelm II … son of Friedrich Heinrich; Netherlands 1647–1650 1647–1650 Wilhelm III … posthumous son of of Wilhelm II; Netherlands Netherlands 1672–1702; 1672–1702; England, Scotland, and Ireland 1689–1702; principality of Orange lost to France 1673 (to Nassau-Dietz 1702) NEUENAHR

The county of Neuenahr south of Bonn on the Rhine was hemmed-in between the archbishoprics of Cologne in the north and Trier in the south. Its original ruling lineage lineage became extinct in the male male line in c .1360 .1360 and the county passed by marriage to the lord of Saffenberg. The county passed, again by marriage, to the counts of nearby Virneburg in 1426. 1426. On the extinction of this line line in 1545, the archbishop of of Cologne, as overlord of the county, granted it to the duke of Jülich-Cleves, who united it with Jülich. Counts of Neuenahr House of Ahr :1225–1231: :1225–1231: :1240–1266: :1240–1266: :1270–:1276 :1270–:1276 :1276–1322: :1276–1322: :1327–1330: :1327–1330: :1336–1351: :1336–1351: :1353–1359: :1353–1359: :1360–1393: :1360–1393: House of Saffenberg & :1369–1397 :1369–1397 1397–:1413 & 1397–1426 1397–1426 House of Virneburg 1426–1443 1426–1443 1443–1459 1443–1459 1459–1522: 1459–1522: :1525–1534 :1525–1534 1534–1545

Otto … son son of count Gerhard of Ahr and Nürnburg Gerhard … son of Otto Dietrich … son of Gerhard Wilhelm I … son of Dietrich Wilhelm II … son of Wilhem I Wilhelm III … son of Wilhelm II Kraft … son of Wilhelm I Katharina … daughter of Wilhelm III Johann I … married Katharina; son of Konrad II of Saffenberg Johann II … son of Johann I and Katharina Wilhelm IV … son of Johann I and and Katharina Katharina Philipp I … husband of Katharina, Katharina, daughter of Wilhelm IV; son of count Adolf of Virneburg Ruprecht I … son of Philipp I Philipp II … son of Ruprecht I Ruprecht III … son of Philipp II Konrad ( Kuno) … son of Philipp II (to Jülich 1545; divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neuburg Palatinate-Neuburg 1609; to the Palatinate-Neuburg 1614, united with the Palatinate 1685, and with Bavaria 1777; to France 1794; to Prussia 1815)


NORDGAU / LOWER ALSACE (NIEDER-ELSASS)

Under the Merovingian and Carolingian kings of the Franks, the region of Alsace (Elsaß) west of the Rhine was entrusted to dukes, mostly from the Etichonid family. Although the Etichonids seem to have retained their regional importance as counts in both Upper Alsace (Sundgau) and Lower Alsace (Nordgau), they lost the ducal office in 742. Hugo, a bastard son of king Lothar Lothar II of Lorraine, was invested as duke by his father father in 867, but was blinded and deposed by his cousin Karl III the Fat in 885. Subsequently Alsace was attached to the duchy of Swabia. A line of Etichonid-descended counts counts emerged as hereditary rulers in most of Nordgau th by the late 9 century. Count Hugo VI had the distinction of being the father of Pope Leo IX. Although their descendants retained the counties of Egisheim and Dagsburg, after 1089 authority over Nordgau passed to the House of Hüneburg, who were eventually titled landgraves landgraves in Lower Alsace. After the extinction of this line, the landgraviate was entrusted to the House of Werd in 1196, and passed by marriage to the House of Öttingen in 1344. Ludwig X of Öttingen sold the landgraviate to the bishop of Strasbourg in 1358. 1358. Counts in Nordgau, landgraves of Lower Alsace Etichonid House of Egisheim :886–898: Eberhard III III … son of count count Eberhard II; count count in Nordgau :900–940 Hugo III … son of Eberhard III 940–951 Eberhard IV … son of Hugo III; abdicated, abdicated, died 972/973 & 940–959: Hugo IV … son of Hugo III 951–984: Hugo V, the Hoarse … son of Eberhard IV :986–1016 Eberhard V … son of Hugo V 1016–c .1038 .1038 Hugo VI … son of Hugo V c .1038–:1049 .1038–:1049 Gerhard I … son of Hugo VI & c .1038–1046: .1038–1046: Hugo VII 50 … son of Hugo VI :1049–1063 :1049–1063 Heinrich … son of Hugo VII 1063–1074 1063–1074 Gerhard II … son of Heinrich; Heinrich; in Egisheim; to Egisheim Egisheim 1074–1098: 1074–1098: 1074–1089 1074–1089 Hugo VIII … son of Heinrich; in Dagsburg House of Bliesgau-Hüneburg :1098–1127: :1098–1127: Gottfried I … son of count Gottfried of Bliesgau :1135–1148: :1135–1148: Dietrich … son of Gottfried I; landgrave landgrave in Lower Alsace by 1135 :1148–1175: :1148–1175: Gottfried II … son of Dietrich 1175:–1192 1175:–1192 (to the Empire) House of Werd 1196–1226: 1196–1226: Sigebert … son of count Sigebert III of Werd :1229–1238 :1229–1238 Heinrich I … son of Sigebert 1239–1278 1239–1278 Heinrich II Sigebert … posthumous son of Heinrich I 1278–1308 1278–1308 Johann … son of Heinrich II Sigebert 1308–1344 1308–1344 Ulrich … son of Heinrich II Sigebert House of Öttingen 1344–1357 1344–1357 Friedrich … husband of Adelheid, daughter of Ulrich; son of count Friedrich Friedrich I of Öttingen Öttingen 1357–1358 1357–1358 Ludwig … son of Friedrich; sold rights, died 1370 (landgraviate sold to the bishop of Strasbourg 1358) NORDMARK

The Saxon North March (Nordmark) was Slavic territory taken by the East Frankish (German) kingdom in 50 In older

lists Hugo VI and Hugo VII are mistaken for the same person.


the 920s. From 936 it formed part of a large march of margrave Gero, but on his death in 965 it emerged as a separate march alongside alongside Meissen (Meißen), Lusatia (Lausitz), Merseburg, and Zeitz. A Slavic revolt led by the Liutizi obliterated most of the march in 983, and it only after the Crusade against the Wends in 1147 that its territory was fully regained. By then the Nordmark had become the Ascanian march of Brandenburg. Brandenburg. Margraves of Nordmark House of Haldensleben 965–983 Dietrich … son of (?) count Bernhard of Borghorst 983–985 (to Poland) House of Merseburg 985–993 Hodo … son of of (?) margrave Gero, son son of count Thietmar of Merseburg Merseburg House of Walbeck 993–1003 993–1003 Lothar … son of count Lothar II of of Walbeck 1003–1009 1003–1009 Werner … son of Lothar; deposed, died 1014 House of Haldensleben 1009–1018: 1009–1018: Bernhard I … son of Dietrich 1018:–1044: 1018:–1044: Bernhard II … son of Bernhard I :1051–1056 :1051–1056 Wilhelm … son of Bernhard II House of Stade 1056–1057 1056–1057 Lothar Udo I … son of count Siegfried II of Stade 1057–1082 1057–1082 Lothar Udo II … son of Lothar Udo I 1082–1087 1082–1087 Heinrich I, the Tall … … son of Lothar Udo II 1087–1106 1087–1106 Lothar Udo III … son of Lothar Udo II 1106–1112 1106–1112 Rudolf I … son of Lothar Udo II; deposed House of Plötzkau 1112–1113 1112–1113 Helperich … son of count Dietrich of Plötzkau; deposed, died 1118 1118 House of Stade 1113–1114 1113–1114 Rudolf I … restored; deposed, died 1124 1114–1128 1114–1128 Heinrich II … son of Lothar Udo III; associated associated since 1106 1128–1130 1128–1130 Lothar Udo IV … son of Rudolf I House of Plötzkau 1130–1133 Konrad, Flower of Saxony … son of Helperich House of Stade 1133–1134 1133–1134 Rudolf II … son of Rudolf Rudolf I; deposed; retained Dithmarschen 1134–1144 1134–1144 (to Brandenburg 1134) NORTHEIM

The Saxon county of Northeim was held by important and ambitious lords by the 11 th century. Count Otto I briefly ruled Bavaria, and his son Heinrich the Fat, Frisia. The counts opposed the emperor Heinrich IV, and the first non-dynastic emperor, Lothar Lothar of Supplinburg, had married into the family. The county passed into the hands of his Welf grandson Heinrich the Lion and, after the dissolution of the old duchy of Saxony in 1180, it became a cornerstone of the remaining Welf possessions in Saxony, the future Brunswick-Lüneburg. Brunswick-Lüneburg. Counts of Northeim House of Northeim :983–1004 1004–c .1049 .1049 c .1049–1083 .1049–1083

Siegfried … son son of (?) count Otto; count of Northeim Bernhard ( Benno Benno) … son of Siegfried Otto I … son of Bernhard


1083–1101 1083–1101

Heinrich I, the Fat … … son of Otto I Kuno … son of Otto I; count of Beichlingen 1087–1103 1101–1117 1101–1117 Otto II … son of Heinrich I 1117–1141 1117–1141 Richenza … daughter of Heinrich I & 1117–1137 1117–1137 Lothar of Supplinburg … husband husband of Richenza; son son of count Gebhard Gebhard of Supplinburg; German king 1125–1137 Supplinburg House of Saxony 1141–1143 1141–1143 Gertrud … daughter of Lothar and Richenza Welf House of Saxony 1143–1195 1143–1195 Heinrich II, the Lion … son of Gertrud by duke Heinrich II of Saxony (to future Brunswick-Lüneburg Brunswick-Lüneburg 1180) Counts of Boyneburg House of Northeim 1083–1107 1083–1107 1107–1144 1107–1144

Siegfried I … son of count Otto I of Northeim Siegfried II … son of Siegfried I (to the Empire 1144) NÜRNBERG

In the 12th century the prosperous city of Nürnberg was governed, together with a sizable territory, by a line of burgraves from the family of of Raabs. On the extinction of the male male line of that house in c .1191, .1191, the burgraviate passed to Friedrich III of Zollern, the son-in-law of the previous burgrave. Although this was one of the first major steps in the advancement of the Hohenzollerns, the authority of the burgraves over the city diminished after Nürnberg was declared a free imperial imperial city in 1219. 1219. Nevertheless, the Hohenzollern Hohenzollern burgraves secured additional lands, like Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Ansbach, and Kulmbach. In 1363 the burgrave Friedrich V was promoted to imperial prince by the emperor emperor Karl IV. Friedrich V’s son, Friedrich VI, who was was invested as margrave margrave and later elector of Brandenburg, finally sold the burgraviate itself to the city of Nürnberg in 1427, but retained the more extensive lands of Ansbach, Bayreuth, and Kulmbach. These eventually evolved evolved into the margraviates of Brandenburg-Ansbach Brandenburg-Ansbach and Brandenburg-Bayreuth. Brandenburg-Bayreuth. Burgraves of Nürnberg House of Raabs 1105–c .1137 .1137 Gottfried I … son of Gottdied I of Raabs c .1137– .1137– c .1143 .1143 Konrad I … brother of Gottfried I; associated 1105 c .1143– .1143– c .1160 .1160 Gottfried II … son of Gottfried I c .1160– .1160– c .1191 .1191 Konrad II … son of Konrad I House of Hohenzollern c .1191– .1191– c .1200 .1200 Friedrich I … husband of Sophia, Sophia, daughter of Konrad Konrad II; son son of count Friedrich Friedrich II of Zollern c .1200–1226 .1200–1226 Friedrich II, the Admiral … … son of Friedrich I; to Hohenzollern 1226–1251: 1226–1251: & c .1200–1261: .1200–1261: Konrad I … son of Friedrich I :1262–1297 :1262–1297 Friedrich III, the Heir … … son of Konrad I; inherited Bayreuth 1248 & :1262–1314 Konrad II, the Pious … son of Konrad I 1297–1300 1297–1300 Johann I … son of Friedrich III & 1297–1332 1297–1332 Friedrich IV … son of Friedrich III; purchased purchased Ansbach Ansbach 1331 1332–1357 Johann II, the Conqueror … … son of Friedrich IV; inherited Kulmbach 1340 & 1332–1334 1332–1334 Konrad III … son of Friedrich IV & 1332–1361 1332–1361 Albrecht, the Handsome … son of Friedrich IV 1357–1397 1357–1397 Friedrich V … son of Johann II; prince 1363


1397–1420 1397–1420 & 1397–1427 1397–1427

Johann III … son of Friedrich V; in Bayreuth and Kulmbach Kulmbach 1398 Friedrich VI … son of Friedrich V; in Ansbach 1398; 1398; margrave of Brandenburg Brandenburg 1415–1440; 1415–1440; elector of Brandenburg 1417–1440; Bayreuth and Kulmbach 1420 (burgraviate to Nürnberg 1427; Ansbach, Bayreuth, and Kulmbach to Brandenburg) OLDENBURG

The county of Oldenburg in Lower Saxony became an immediate imperial holding in 1180, after the deposition of Heinrich the Lion as duke of Saxony and the dismemberment dismemberment of the duchy. In the second half of the 13th century the family divided between the lines of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst, which were reunited by marriage into the line line of Oldenburg. Count Dietrich of Oldenburg Oldenburg thus brought under his rule all all of the house’s possessions by 1434. By a second marriage Dietrich ensured his son Christian VI the succession to the duchy of Schleswig and the county of Holstein, and Christian’s own marriage to the widowed queen of Denmark and Norway helped secure secure his election to the thrones of these kingdoms. In 1454 Christian left the county of Oldenburg to his younger brother Gerhard and the county of Delmenhorst to his brother Moritz. On the extinction of the legitimate line of the House of Oldenburg in 1667, the county passed to the surviving Danish and Holstein-Gottorp Holstein-Gottorp branches of the family. In 1773 a cadet line of the ducal House of HolsteinGottorp acquired Oldenburg as a duchy, which became part of the German Empire in 1871. Counts of Oldenburg House of Oldenburg 1088–c .1108 .1108 c .1108– .1108– c .1142 .1142 c .1142–1148 .1142–1148 & c .1142–1167 .1142–1167 1167–1209 1167–1209 1209–1251 1209–1251 & 1209–1233 1209–1233 1233–1263: 1233–1263: 1251–c .1255 .1255 :1272–1285 :1272–1285 1285–1316 1285–1316 1316–1323: 1316–1323: & 1316–1344 1316–1344 & 1316–1347 1316–1347 1344–c .1356 .1356 & 1344–1401 1344–1401 1350–1399 1350–1399 1399–1440 1401–1420 1401–1420 1440–1450 1440–1450

1450–1463 1450–1463 & 1450–1483 1450–1483 1483–1495 1483–1495 & 1483–1492 1483–1492 & 1483–1526 1483–1526 51 In

Egilmar I … count in Lerigau Egilmar II … son son of Egilmar I; count of Oldenburg Heinrich I … son of Egilmar Egilmar II; to Wildeshausen Wildeshausen 1148–1167 1148–1167 (line extinct extinct 1384) 1384) Christian I, the Warlike … son of Egilmar II Moritz I … son of Christian I Otto I … son of Moritz I Christian II … son of Moritz I Johann I … son of Christian II Heinrich II … son of Otto I Christian III … son of Johann I Johann II … son of Christian III Christian IV … son of Johann II Johann III … son of Johann II Konrad I … son of Johann II Johann IV … son of Johann III Konrad II … son of Konrad I Christian V … son of Konrad I Dietrich, the Lucky … son of Christian V Moritz II … son of Konrad II Christian VI … son of Dietrich; abdicated; Denmark 1448–1481; 1448–1481; Norway 1450–148 1450–1481; 1; Sweden 1457–1464 Moritz III … son of Dietrich; to Delmenhorst 1463–1464 1463–1464 Gerhard, the Warlike … son of Dietrich; in Oldenburg 1463; abdicated, died 1500 Adolf … son of Gerhard; abdicated, died 1500 51 Christian VII … son of Gerhard Johann V … son of Gerhard

captivity 1483–1485.


& 1483–1500 1483–1500 1526–1529 1526–1529 & 1526–1529 1526–1529 & 1526–1529 1526–1529 & 1526–1573 1573–1603 1573–1603 & 1573–1577 1603–1667 1603–1667 1667–1773 1667–1773

1773–1785 1773–1785 1785–1806 1785–1806 1806–1807 1806–1807 1807–1810 1807–1810 1810–1815 1810–1815 1815–1823 1815–1823 1823–1829 1823–1829 1829–1853 1829–1853 1853–1900 1853–1900 1900–1918 1900–1918

:1272–1304 :1272–1304 1304–1347: 1304–1347: & 1304–1354: 1304–1354: :1348–1367 :1348–1367 :1355–c .1374 .1374 & :1355–c .1374 .1374 1367–1418 1367–1418 1418–1434 1418–1434 1434–1463 1434–1463 1463–1464 1463–1464 1464–1483 1464–1483 1483–1577 1483–1577 1577–1619 1577–1619 1619–1622 & 1619–1647 1619–1647

Otto II … son of Gerhard Johann VI … son of Johann V; deposed, died died 1548 1548 Georg … son of Johann V; died 1551 Christoph … son son of Johann V; died 1566 Anton I (Tönjes) … son of Johann V Johann VII … son of Anton I Anton II … son of Anton I; to Delmenhorst Delmenhor st 1577–1619 Anton Günther … son of Johann VII (to Denmark and Holstein Holstein Gottorp 1667; to Holstein-Gottorp Holstein-Gottorp 1676; 1676; to Denmark 1702) 1702) Dukes of Oldenburg Friedrich August … son of Christian Christian August, son of duke Christian Christian Albrecht of Holstein-Gottorp Holstein-Gottorp Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Friedrich August; deposed (to France and Holland) Friedrich Wilhelm … restored; deposed (to France) Friedrich Wilhelm … restored Peter I (Peter Friedrich Friedrich Ludwig) Ludwig) … son of of Georg Ludwig, brother of Friedrich August August August I (Paul Friedrich August) … son of Peter I Peter II (Nikolaus Friedrich Peter) … son son of August I August II (August (August Friedrich) Friedrich) … son of of Peter Peter II; deposed, died 1931 1931 (to Germany 1918) Counts of Oldenburg in Delmenhorst Otto I … son of count Johann I of Oldenburg Johann I … son of Otto I Christian I, the Elder … … son of Otto I Christian II, the Younger … … son of Johann I Otto II … son of Christian I Christian III … son son of Christian I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1391 Otto III … son of Christian II Nikolaus … son son of Otto III; abdicated, abdicated, died 1447 (to Oldenburg) Moritz … son of count Dietrich of Oldenburg; Oldenburg 1450–1463 1450–1463 Jakob … son of Moritz; deposed, died 1486 (to the bishopric of Münster 1483; to Oldenburg 1547) Anton … son of count count Anton Anton I of Oldenburg; Oldenburg; Oldenburg Oldenburg 1573–1577 1573–1577 Anton Heinrich … son of Anton Christian IV … son of Anton (to Oldenburg 1647) ORTENBERG/ORTENBURG

A branch of the Sponheim family established itself itself in Lower Bavaria and in Carinthia and and Carniola. Several members of the family served as dukes of Carinthia and margraves of Carniola and Istria. On the abdication of Engelbert II in 1135, his fours sons divided his lands, Rapoto I taking Ortenberg. Ortenberg. The county took its name from Ortenberg (Ortenburg from 1530), built in c .1120 .1120 in eastern eastern Bavaria. The counts ruled several enclaves within the duchy of Bavaria and, for awhile, served as counts palatine of Bavaria. They strove to preserve an


uneasy independence between Austria and Bavaria, and were considered immediate vassals of the emperor, even after embracing Protestantism. Protestantism. In 1805 count count Joseph Karl Karl sold the county county to Bavaria. Bavaria. Unlike many many other German princes, the counts of Ortenburg adopted the seniorate principle of succession; the list includes only the senior, reigning counts. The family’s relation, relation, if any, to the Carinthian Ortenburgs is unknown. Counts of Ortenberg/Ortenburg House of Sponheim c .1040–1065 .1040–1065 1065–1096 1065–1096 1096–1135 1096–1135

1135–1186 1135–1186 1186–1231 1186–1231 & 1186–1241 1186–1241 1231–1248 1231–1248 1241–1257 1241–1257 1257–1275 1257–1275 1275–1296 1275–1296 1296–1345 1296–1345 1345–1395 1345–1395 1395–1422 1395–1422 1422–1444 1422–1444 1444–1460 1444–1460 1460–1488 1460–1488 1488–1490 1488–1490 1490–1519 1490–1519 1519–1524 1519–1524 1524–1551 1524–1551 1551–1600 1551–1600 1600–1603 1600–1603 1603–1627 1603–1627 1627–1658 1627–1658 1658–1666 1658–1666 1666–1684 1666–1684 1684–1702 1684–1702 1702–1725 1702–1725 1725–1776 1725–1776 1776–1787 1776–1787 1787–1805 1787–1805

Siegfried … margrave of the Hungarian March 1045–1048 1045–1048 Engelbert I … son of Siegfried Engelbert II … son of Engelbert I; Istria 1107–1124; 1107–1124; Carniola 1112–1124; 1112–1124; Carinthia Carinthia 1123–1135; 1123–1135; abdicated, died 1141 Rapoto I … son of Engelbert II; obtained Murach Murach 1163; 1163; Kraiburg 1173 Rapoto II … son of Rapoto I; in Kraiburg; count palatine palatine of Bavaria Bavaria Heinrich I … son of Rapoto I; in in Murach Rapoto III … son of Rapoto II; in Kraiburg; count count palatine palatine of of Bavaria Bavaria Heinrich II, the Giver … … son of Heinrich I Gebhard … son of Heinrich I Rapoto IV … son of Heinrich I Heinrich III … son of Rapoto IV Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich III Georg I … son of Heinrich IV Etzel I … son of Heinrich IV Alram II … son of of count count Alram I of Dorfbach, son of Heinrich IV Georg II … son of count Heinrich Heinrich V of Neu-Ortenberg, Neu-Ortenberg, son son of Georg I Sebastian I, the Fighter … … brother of Georg II Wolfgang … son of Georg II Ulrich II … son of Sebastian I Christoph I … son of Sebastian I Joachim … son of Christoph I Heinrich VII VII … son son of count Johann Johann III, son of count Alexander, Alexander, son of Ulrich II Georg IV … son of count Ulrich III, son of count Alexander, Alexander, son of Ulrich II Friedrich Kasimir … son of Heinrich VII Georg Reinhard … son of Georg IV Christian … son of Georg IV Georg Philipp … son of Georg Reinhard Johann Georg … son of Georg Philipp Karl III … son of Johann Georg Karl Albrecht … son of Karl III Joseph Karl … son of Karl Karl Albrecht; abdicated, died 1831 (to Bavaria 1805) OSTFRIESLAND

Ostfriesland (East Frisia) was originally divided into three counties belonging to the duchy of Lower Lorraine. By the 13 th century, all three were ruled by the bishops of Münster and Hamburg-Bremen. Hamburg-Bremen. Actual authority was delegated to a plethora of local chieftains. Among these, the Cirksena House of Greetsyl acquired preeminence through annexation and profitable marriages. In 1464 Ulrich I was invested as count of Ostfriesland by the emperor, and the family retained the county until its extinction in 1744. Ostfriesland then


passed to the Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg-Prussia, Brandenburg-Prussia, in accordance with a succession arrangement concluded in 1694. In 1807 Prussia had to cede the county to Holland, and in 1810 it was annexed by France. The Congress of Vienna awarded Ostfriesland to Hanover in 1815, and in 1866 it passed to Prussia. Lords, Counts, and Princes of Ostfriesland Cirksena House of Greetsyl 1450–1466 1450–1466 Ulrich I … son of Edzard Cirksena; count 1464 1466–1491 1466–1491 Enno I … son of Ulrich I 1491–1528 1491–1528 Edzard I, the Great … … son of Ulrich I 1528–1540 1528–1540 Enno II … son of Edzard I 1540–1599 1540–1599 Edzard II … son of Enno II + Johann … son of Enno II; associated 1561–1591 1599–1625 1599–1625 Enno III … son of Edzard II 1625–1628 1625–1628 Rudolf Christian … son of Enno III 1628–1648 1628–1648 Ulrich II … son of Enno III 1648–1660 1648–1660 Enno Ludwig … son of Ulrich II; prince prince 1654 1660–1665 1660–1665 Georg Christian Christian … son of Ulrich II; hereditary hereditary prince prince 1662 1665–1708 1665–1708 Christian Eberhard … posthumous son of Georg Christian 1708–1734 1708–1734 Georg Albrecht … son of Christian Eberhard 1734–1744 1734–1744 Karl Edzard … son of Georg Albrecht (to Brandenburg-Prussia 1744; to Holland 1807; to France 1810; to Hanover 1815; to Prussia 1866) ÖTTINGEN

The counts of Öttingen on the Danube in western Bavaria and in northeastern Swabia divided and redivided their possessions among several branches of the family, until they were reunited for almost a decade by count Ludwig XV in 1549. 1549. On his death in 1557, the family family lands were divided into two major major branches, the Protestant Öttingen Öttingen and Catholic Wallerstein, Wallerstein, the latter subdividing further in 1602. 1602. Albrecht Ernst I of Öttingen was promoted to prince in 1674, 1674, but this branch of the family became extinct in 1731. The counts of Öttingen-Spielberg and Öttingen-Wallerstein were likewise promoted to princes, but later, in the 18 th century. In 1806 the two surviving principalities principalities were mediatized, and their lands passed under the control of Bavaria. The list includes only those family lines that attained princely rank. Counts of Öttingen House of Öttingen 1313–1378 1313–1378 & 1313–1357 1313–1357 1357–1370 1357–1370 1370–1440 & 1370–1423 1370–1423

1423–1443 & 1423–1443 1423–1443 & 1423–1443 1423–1443 52 In

Ludwig IX … son of count Friedrich I of Öttingen Friedrich II … brother brother of Ludwig IX; landgrave landgrave of of Nordgau Nordgau 1344–1357 1344–1357 Ludwig X … son of Friedrich Friedrich II; landgrave of Nordgau Nordgau 1357–1359 1357–1359 Ludwig XI, the Bearded … … son of Ludwig X; in Flochberg 1410 Friedrich III … son of Ludwig X; in Wallerstein 1410 + Ludwig XII … son of Ludwig XI; associated 1410–1422 + Friedrich IV … son of Friedrich III; associated 1410–1422, 1410–1422, died 1439 52 Johann I, the Solemn … son of Friedrich III; to Alt-Wallerstein 1443–1449 Wilhelm I … son of Friedrich Friedrich III; to Öttingen 1443–1467 1443–1467 Ulrich … son of Friedrich III; to Flochberg 1443–1477 1443–1477 (division into Alt-Wallerstein, Flochberg, and Öttingen 1443)

Bavarian captivity since 1422.


1443–1449 1449–1486 1449–1486 1486–1487 1486–1487

Counts of Öttingen in Alt-Wallerstein Johann I, the Solemn … son of Friedrich III of Öttingen; Öttingen 1423–1443 Ludwig XIII … son of Johann I Magdalena … daughter daughter of Ludwig Ludwig XIII; sold county, county, died 1525 (to Bavaria 1487–1492; divided between Flochberg and Öttingen 1493)

1443–1477 1443–1477 1477–1520 1477–1520 1520–1549 & 1520–1548 1520–1548

Counts of Öttingen in Flochberg to 1488, then Wallerstein Ulrich … son of Friedrich III of Öttingen; Öttingen 1423–1443 1423–1443 Joachim … son of Ulrich; Wallerstein from 1488 Martin … son of Joachim Ludwig XIV … son of Joachim (to Öttingen 1549)

1443–1467 1443–1467 1467–1522 & 1467–1519 1467–1519 1522–1549 1522–1549 & 1522–1557 1522–1557

Counts of Öttingen in Öttingen Wilhelm I … son of of Friedrich III of Öttingen; Öttingen 1423–1443 1423–1443 Wolfgang I, the Fair … … son of Wilhelm I Johann II … son of Wilhelm I Karl Wolfgang … son of Wolfgang I Ludwig XV … son of Wolfgang I (division into Öttingen and Wallerstein 1557 53)

1557–1569 1557–1569 1569–1622 1569–1622 1622–1659 1622–1659 1659–1660 1659–1660 1660–1683 1660–1683 1683–1731 1683–1731

1557–1579 1557–1579 1579–1602 1579–1602 1602–1670 1602–1670 1670–1692 1670–1692 1692–1708 1708–1728 1708–1728 1728–1738 1728–1738 1738–1744 1738–1744 1744–1745 1744–1745 1745–1766 1745–1766 1766–1802 1766–1802 53 Other

Counts and Princes of Öttingen in Öttingen Ludwig XVI … son of count Ludwig XV of Öttingen Öttingen Gottfried … son of Ludwig XVI Joachim Ernst … son of Ludwig Eberhard, son of Gottfried Kraft Ludwig … son of Joachim Ernst Albrecht Ernst I … son of Joachim Ernst; prince 1674 Albrecht Ernst II … son of Albrecht Ernst I (to Wallerstein and Spielberg 1731) Counts and Princes of Öttingen in Wallerstein Friedrich V … son of count Ludwig XV XV of Öttingen; husband of Euphrosine, Euphrosine, daughter of Martin of Wallerstein Wilhelm II … son of Friedrich V Ernst II … son of Wolfgang Wolfgang III, son of Wilhelm II; retained Wallerstein 1602 Wilhelm IV … son of Ernst II Wolfgang IV … son of Ernst II Franz Ignaz Joseph … son of Wolfgang IV Anton Karl Karl … son son of Philipp Karl, Karl, son of Ernst II; inherited inherited 2/3 Öttingen 1731 1731 Johann Karl Friedrich … son of Anton Karl Maximilian Ignaz Philipp … son of Johann Karl Friedrich Philipp Karl … son of Anton Karl Kraft Ernst Ernst … son son of Philipp Karl; Karl; prince 1774; inherited inherited Baldern Baldern and Katzenstein 1798

sons of Ludwig XV included Wolfgang II (1557–1572:), Wilhelm (1557–1561), (1557–1561), Karl Ludwig (1557– 1563), and Lothar (1557–1563), (1557–1563), but although the first and last married, neither established a lasting branch of the family.


1802–1806 1802–1806

Ludwig Kraft … son son of of Kraft Kraft Ernst; Ernst; mediatized, died 1870 (to Bavaria 1806; divided between Bavaria and Württemberg 1810)

1602–1614 1602–1614 1614–1632 1614–1632 1632–1665 1632–1665 1665–1675 1665–1675 1675–1685 1675–1685 1685–1737 1685–1737 1737–1780 1737–1780 & 1755–1768 1755–1768 1780–1797 1780–1797 1797–1806 1797–1806

Counts and Princes of Öttingen in Spielberg Maximilian Wilhelm … son of Wilhelm III, son of count Wilhelm Wilhelm II of Öttingen-Wallerstein Öttingen-Wallerstein Johann Albrecht … brother of Maximilian Wilhelm Johann Franz … son of Johann Albrecht Johann Sebastian … son of Johann Franz Johann Wilhelm … son of Johann Franz Franz Albrecht … son of Johann Johann Franz; inherited inherited 1/3 1/3 Öttingen; Öttingen; prince prince 1734 1734 Johann Alois I … son of Franz Albrecht Anton Ernst … son of Franz Albrecht Johann Alois II … son of Anton Ernst Johann Alois III … son of Johann Johann Alois II; mediatized, died 1855 1855 (to Bavaria 1806; divided between Bavaria and Württemberg 1810)

1602–1626 1602–1626 1626–1653 1626–1653 & 1626–1677 1626–1677 & 1626–1641 1626–1641 1653–1687 1653–1687 1677–1693 1677–1693 1693–1751 1693–1751 1751–1780 1751–1780 & 1751–1787 1751–1787 & 1751–1778 1751–1778 & 1751–1798 1751–1798

Counts of Öttingen in Baldern Ernst I … son son of count Wilhelm II of of Öttingen Martin Franz … son of Ernst I Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm Ernst … son son of of Ernst Ernst I; in Katzenstein Ulrich … son of Ernst I Ferdinand Maximilian … son of Martin Franz Notger Wilhelm Wilhelm … son of of Ferdiannd Ferdiannd Maximilian; Maximilian; in Katzenstein; Katzenstein; Baldern 1687 1687 Kraft Anton Wilhelm … son of Notger Wilhelm Lothar Franz … son of Kraft Anton Wilhelm Philipp Karl … son of Kraft Anton Wilhelm Joseph Anton … son son of Kraft Anton Wilhelm Franz Friedrich … son son of Kraft Anton Wilhelm (to Öttingen-Wallerstein 1798 54) PALATINATE ON THE RHINE (PFALZ, RHEINPFALZ)

The counts palatine of Lorraine assembled a relatively large number of estates within the duchy of Lorraine and of neighboring Franconia, leading to the formation of a new feudal principality as the duchies disintegrated. From 1193 the count’s title was changed to Count Palatine on the Rhine ( Pfalzgraf am Rhein). In 1214 the Palatinate became a hereditary possession of the House of Wittelsbach, and in 1356 the Golden Bull of emperor Karl IV confirmed confirmed the count palatine as one one of the imperial electors. The Wittelsbach line of the Palatinate also governed the north-Bavarian area centered on Amberg and called Upper Palatinate (Oberpfalz). The electorate passed to the Wittelsbachs of Bavaria in 1623 as punishment for the elector Friedrich V’s leadership of the Protestant Protestant Union Union and attempt to take Bohemia from the Habsburgs. Eventually the Wittelsbachs of the Palatinate recovered its independence and the creation of a separate, additional electorate in 1648. The office of elector Palatine passed passed in succession among several of the numerous numerous branches of the family, until in 1777 (and again in 1799) both the Palatinate and Bavaria came under the rule of the same line of the Wittelsbach family. In 1815 most of the Palatinate was integrated integrated into the kingdom of Bavaria. Bavaria.

54 Kraft Anton

Wilhelm’s daughter Charlotte Juliane had married Philipp Karl of Öttingen-Wallerstein.


Counts Palatine of Lorraine/on the Rhine House of Keldachgau 985–996 996–1034 996–1034 1034–1047 1034–1047 1047–1061 1047–1061 1061–1085 1061–1085 House of Laach 1085–1095 1085–1095

Hermann I, the Little … son of count Erenfried II of Keldachgau and Zülpichgau Erenfried ( Ezzo) … son of Hermann I Otto … son of Erenfried Heinrich I, the Furious … son of Hezzelin, son of Hermann I Hermann II … son of Heinrich I

Heinrich II … married Adelheid of Orlamünde 55, widow of Hermann II; son of count Hermann of Gleiberg, son of count Friedrich I of Luxembourg Ascanian House of Ballenstedt 1095–1113 1095–1113 Siegfried … son of Adelheid Adelheid of Orlamünde by count count Adalbert Adalbert II of Ballenstedt Ballenstedt House of Calw 1113–1131 1113–1131 Gottfried … son son of count Adalbert II of of Calw Ascanian House of Ballenstedt 1131–1140 1131–1140 Wilhelm … son of Siegfried; associated 1126 – Otto … husband of Gertrud of Northeim 56, widow of Siegfried; son of count Hermann I of Salm; rival 1140–1150 Babenberg House of Austria 1140–1142 1140–1142 Heinrich III, Jasomirgott … … son of margrave Leopold III of Austria; abdicated, died 1177 House of Stahleck 1142–1156 1142–1156 Hermann III … son of count count Goswin III of Stahleck Hohenstaufen House of Swabia 1156–1195 1156–1195 Konrad … son of duke Friedrich II of of Swabia Welf House of Brunswick 1195–1212 1195–1212 Heinrich IV, the Tall … … husband of Agnes, daughter of Konrad; abdicated, died 1227; son of duke Heinrich III of Saxony 1212–1214 1212–1214 Heinrich V … son of Heinrich IV Wittelsbach Counts Palatine and Electors of the Palatinate Wittelsbach House of Bavaria 1214–1227 Ludwig I, of Kelheim … son of duke Otto I of Bavaria; abdicated, died 1231 1227–1253 Otto, the Illustrious … son of Ludwig I; married Agnes, daughter of Heinrich IV 1253–1294 1253–1294 Ludwig II, the Strict … … son of Otto & 1253–1255 Heinrich … son of Otto; to Lower Bavaria 1255–1290 1294–1317 Rudolf I, the Stammerer … … son of Ludwig II; deposed, died 1319 1317–1329 (to Upper Bavaria) – Adolf, the Simple … son of Rudolf I; legitimist claimant 1319–1327 1329–1353 1329–1353 Rudolf II, the Blind … … son of Rudolf I; legitimist claimant since 1319 & 1329–1390 1329–1390 Ruprecht I, the Red … … son of Rudolf I; legitimist claimant since 1319; elector 1356 1390–1398 1390–1398 Ruprecht II, the Tough … son of Adolf 1398–1410 1398–1410 Ruprecht III, Clem, the Righteous … son of Ruprecht II; German king 1400–1410 1410–1436 1410–1436 Ludwig III, the Bearded … … son of Ruprecht III 1436–1449 Ludwig IV, the Meek … son of Ludwig III 1449–1451 Philipp, the Upright … … son of Ludwig IV; deposed 1451–1476 1451–1476 Friedrich I, the Victorious … son of Ludwig III; regent since 1449 55 Daughter of margrave Otto I 56 Daughter

of Meissen. of count Heinrich I of Northeim.


1476–1508 1508–1544 1544–1556 1544–1556 1556–1559 1556–1559 1559–1576 1559–1576 1576–1583 1576–1583 1583–1610 1583–1610 1610–1623 1610–1623 1623–1648 1648–1680 1648–1680 1680–1685 1680–1685 1685–1690 1685–1690 1690–1716 1690–1716 1716–1742 1716–1742 1742–1799 1742–1799

Philipp, the Upright … … restored Ludwig V, the Pacific … … son of Philipp Friedrich II, the Wise … son of Philipp Otto Heinrich, the Magnanimous … son of Ruprecht, son of Philipp Friedrich III, the Pious … son of duke Johann II of Simmern, son of duke Johann I, son of duke Friedrich I, son of duke Stephan, son of Ruprecht III Ludwig VI, the Careless … son of Friedrich III Friedrich IV, the Sincere … son of Ludwig VI Friedrich V, the Winter King … … son of Friedrich IV; deposed, died 1632 (to Bavaria) Karl I Ludwig … son of Friedrich Friedrich V; legitimist claimant since 1632 1632 Karl II, the Credulous … son of Karl I Philipp Wilhelm Wilhelm … son of duke Wolfgang Wolfgang Wilhelm Wilhelm of Neuburg, son of duke Philipp Ludwig, son of duke Wolfgang of Zweibrücken, son of duke Ludwig II, son of duke Alexander, son of duke Ludwig I, son of duke Stephan of Simmern, son of Ruprecht III Johann Wilhelm … son of Philipp Wilhelm Karl III Philipp … son of Philipp Wilhelm Karl IV Theodor Theodor … son of duke Johann Christian Christian of Sulzbach, son of duke Theodor, Theodor, son of duke Christian August, son of duke August, son of duke Philipp Ludwig of Neuburg, son of duke Wolfgang of Zweibrücken, son of duke Ludwig Ludwig II, son of duke duke Alexander, son of duke Ludwig Ludwig I, son of duke Stephan of Simmern, son of Ruprecht III; elector of Bavaria 1777–1799 1777–1799 (union with Bavaria 1777)

1410–1443 1410–1443 1443–1448

Dukes of Neumarkt Johann … son of elector elector Ruprecht Ruprecht III of the Palatinate Palatinate Christoph Christo ph … son of Johann; king of Denmark 1439–1448 (to the Palatinate-Mosbach Palatinate-Mosbach 1448)

1410–1461 1410–1461 1461–1499 1461–1499

Dukes of Mosbach Otto I … son of elector Ruprecht III of the Palatinate Palatinate Otto II, the Mathematician … son of Otto I (to the Palatinate 1499)

1410–1459 1410–1459 1459–1480 1459–1480 1480–1509 1480–1509 1509–1557 1557–1559 1557–1559 1559–1569 1559–1569 1569–1598 1569–1598 1598–1649 1598–1649 1649–1655 1649–1655 1655–1674 1655–1674

Dukes of Simmern Stephan … son of elector elector Ruprecht III of the Palatinate; Palatinate; also Zweibrücken Zweibrücken Friedrich I, the Pious … son of Stephan Johann I … son of Friedrich I Johann II … son of Johann I Friedrich II, the Pious … son of Johann II; abdicated, elector of the Palatinate 1559–1576 1559–1576 Georg … son of Johann II Richard … son of Johann II + Johann Kasimir … son of Friedrich II; associated in Lautern 1575–1592 (to the Palatinate 1598, to Bavaria Bavaria 1623, to the Palatinate 1648) Ludwig Philipp … son of elector Friedrich IV of the Palatinate Ludwig Heinrich … son of Ludwig Philipp (to the Palatinate 1674, to Bavaria 1685)


1410–1459 1410–1459 1459–1489 1489–1490 1489–1490 & 1489–1514 1489–1514 1514–1532 1514–1532 & 1514–1543 1514–1543 1532–1569 1569–1604 1604–1635 1635–1661 1635–1661 1661–1677 1661–1677 1677–1693 1677–1693 1693–1697 1693–1697 1697–1718 1697–1718 1718–1731 1718–1731 1731–1735 1731–1735 1735–1775 1735–1775 1775–1795 1775–1795 1795–1801 1795–1801

Dukes of Zweibrücken Stephan … son of elector elector Ruprecht III of the Palatinate; Palatinate; also Simmern Simmern Ludwig I, the Black … son of Stephan Kaspar … son of Ludwig I; abdicated, died 1527 Alexander, the Lame … son of Ludwig I Ludwig II … son of Alexander Ruprecht … son of Alexander; to Veldenz 1543–1544 1543–1544 Wolfgang … son of Ludwig II Johann I, the Historian … son of Wolfgang Johann II, the Younger … … son of Johann I Friedrich … son of Johann II Friedrich Ludwig Ludwig … son son of duke Friedrich Kasimir of Landsberg, Landsberg, son of Johann Johann I; deposed, died 1681 (to France) Karl I … son of duke Karl Gustav of Kleeburg, son of duke Johann Kasimir, Kasimir, son of Johann I; Sweden 1660–1697 Karl II … son of Karl I; also Sweden Gustav Samuel Leopold Leopold … son of duke Adolf Johann I of Kleeburg, son of duke Johann Kasimir, son of Johann I Christian III … son of duke duke Christian II of Birkenfeld, Birkenfeld, son of duke Christian Christian I, son son of duke duke Karl, son of Wolfgang Christian IV … son of Christian III Karl III … son of Friedrich Michael, son of Christian Christian III Maximilian Joseph … brother of of Karl III; elector of of the Palatinate and Bavaria Bavaria 1799; 1799; king king of Bavaria 1805–1825 (union with the Palatinate and Bavaria 1799, to France 1801, to Bavaria 1815)

1604–1645 1604–1645 1645–1677 1645–1677

Dukes of Landsberg Friedrich Kasimir Kasimir … son son of of duke duke Johann Johann I of Zweibrücken Friedrich Ludwig Ludwig … son son of Friedrich Kasimir; Kasimir; in Landsberg since 1645; 1645; deposed, died 1681 1681 (to France 1677, to the Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Kleeburg Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Kleeburg 1693)

1604–1652 1604–1652 1652–1660 1660–1689 1660–1689 1689–1701 1689–1701 1701–1731 1701–1731

Dukes of Kleeburg Johann Kasimir … son of duke Johann I of Zweibrücken Karl Gustav … son of Johann Kasimir; Sweden 1654–1660 Adolf Johann I … son of Johann Kasimir Adolf Johann II … son of Adolf Johann I Gustav Samuel Leopold … son son of Adolf Johann I (to the Palatinate 1731)

1543–1544 1543–1544 1544–1592 1592–1634 1592–1634 & 1592–1654 1592–1654 1634–1694 1634–1694

Dukes of Veldenz Ruprecht … son of duke Alexander of Zweibrücken Georg Johann I, the Astute … son of Ruprecht Georg Gustav Gustav … son of Georg Johann I; in Lauterecken 1601 Georg Johann Johann II … son of Georg Johann I; in Gutenberg 1601; in in Lützelstein Lützelstein 1611 1611 Leopold Ludwig … son of Georg Gustav (to the Palatinate 1694, union with Bavaria 1777, to France 1801, to Bavaria 1815)


1559–1569 1559–1569 1569–1604 1604–1614 1604–1614 1614–1632 1614–1632 1632–1708 1632–1708 1708–1732 1708–1732 1732–1733 1732–1733 1733–1799 1733–1799

1569–1614 1569–1614 1614–1653 1614–1653 1653–1690 1653–1690

1584–1590 1584–1590 1590–1669 1590–1669 1669–1671 1669–1671 1671–1717 1671–1717

1717–1735 1717–1735 1734–1775 1734–1775 1775–1780 1775–1780 1780–1789 1789–1799

Dukes of Sulzbach Wofgang … son of duke Ludwig II of Zweibrücken Otto Heinrich … son of Wolfgang Philipp Ludwig … son of Wolfgang August … son of Philipp Ludwig Christian August … son of August Theodor … son of Christian August Johann Christian … son of Theodor Karl Theodor Theodor … son son of Johann Christian; elector elector of the Palatinate Palatinate 1742–1799 1742–1799;; elector of Bavaria 1777–1799 (union with the Palatinate 1742, and with Bavaria 1777) Dukes of Neuburg Philipp Ludwig … son of duke Wolfgang Wolfgang of Zweibrücken Zweibrücken and Sulzbach Sulzbach + Friedrich … brother of Philipp Ludwig; associated in Vohenstrauss 1569–1597 Wolfgang Wilhelm … son of Philipp Ludwig Philipp Wilhelm Wilhelm … son of Wolfgang Wilhelm; elector of the Palatinate Palatinate 1685–1690 1685–1690 (union with the Palatinate 1685) Dukes of Birkenfeld Karl … son of duke Wolfgang Wolfgang of Zweibrücken and Sulzbach Georg Wilhelm … son of Karl + Christian I … son of Karl; associated in Bischweiler 1630–1654 Karl Otto … son of Georg Wilhelm Christian II … son of Christian I; in Bischweiler since 1654 + Johann Karl … son of Christian I; in Gelnhausen 1671–1704 + Friedrich Bernhard … son of Johann Karl; in Gelnhausen 1704–1739 Christian III … son of Christian II (to Zweibrücken) Johann … son of Johann Karl; in Gelnhausen since 1739 Karl II … son of Johann Wilhelm … son of Johann; duke in Bavaria 1799–1837; duke of Berg 1803–1806 (to Bavaria 1799) PICCOLOMINI

A collateral descendant of pope Pius II (Enea Silvio Piccolomini) through both his parents, Ottavio PieriPiccolomini served served as Spanish general general and Imperial field marshal marshal during the Thirty Years Years War. He was rewarded for his efforts by promotion to the ranks of a Bohemian count of Náchod in 1634, imperial count in 1638, and imperial prince in 1654; he also succeeded a distant cousin to the foreign title of duke of Amalfi in 1639. His titles and benefices passed to his nephews and great-nephews, until the male line became extinct in 1757. At this point the title lapsed, although the allodial estates in Bohemia were not sold until 1786. 1786. Counts and Princes Piccolomini House Pieri-Piccolomini 1634–1656 1634–1656 Ottavio … son of Silvio Silvio Pieri-Piccolomini; Pieri-Piccolomini; count 1638; 1638; prince 1654 1654 1656–1673 1656–1673 Enea … son of count Francesco, son of of Enea Silvio, brother of of Ottavio Ottavio 1673–1714 1673–1714 Lorenzo … brother of Enea


1714–1742 1714–1742 1742–1757

Giovanni Venceslao … son of Lorenzo Ottavio Enea Giuseppe … son of Lorenzo (title lapsed 1757) POMERANIA (POMMERN, POMORZE)

The region of Pomerania along the southern coast of the Baltic Sea is today divided between Germany and Poland. In the Middle Ages it was ruled by a Slavic dynasty of dukes who recognized Polish suzerainty in 1121, then the overlordship of the Holy Roman Empire (Saxony 1164 1164 and Brandenburg 1181), and, temporarily, temporarily, Denmark. The area was Christianized Christianized and gradually gradually Germanized. The dynasty subdivided subdivided into several several branches, ruling from Demmin, Wolgast, and Barth in the west, Stettin (Szczecin) in the middle, and Rügenwalde (Darłowo), Schlawe (Sławno), and Stolp (Słupsk) (Słupsk) in the east. In spite of occasional occasional brief reunifications of the duchy, the division division persisted almost till the end: in 1625 1625 Bogislaw XIV XIV found himself the only surviving surviving duke. Childless and paralyzed by a stroke, and his land overrun in the course of the Thirty Thirty Years War, the last duke abdicated in 1634. 1634. Sweden seized most of Pomerania, but Brandenburg-Prussia Brandenburg-Prussia laid claim to the duchy. The Treaties of Westphalia (1648), (1648), Nürnberg (1650), and Stettin (1653) formalized the division of Pomerania: Sweden kept Hither Pomerania with Stettin in the west, while Brandenburg-Prussia acquired Farther Pomerania in the east. The districts of Lauenburg (Lębork) and Bütow (Bytów) in Pomerelia, came to be held as Polish fiefs by the Hohenzollerns of BrandenburgPrussia in 1657. Stettin passed to Prussia in 1720, 1720, the rest of Hither Pomerania in in 1815. Pomerania remained remained part of Prussia, then Germany, Germany, until 1945, when Farther Pomerania Pomerania and Stettin Stettin passed to Poland. The German population there there was replaced with with Polish settlers settlers from the east. For neighboring Pomerelia Pomerelia and Silesia Silesia see Poland. Poland. Princes and Dukes of Pomerania Greifen House of Pomerania c .1106–1121 .1106–1121 Swantopolk I … prince on the Oder 1121–c .1135 .1135 Wartislaw I … son of (?) Swantopolk Swantopolk I; Polish Polish vassal vassal 1121 c .1135–1155: .1135–1155: Ratibor I … son of (?) Swantopolk I (division into Stettin, Schlawe-Stolp, and Demmin 1155/1156)

:1156–1187 :1156–1187 1187–1220 1187–1220 & 1187–1211 1220–1278 1278–1295 & 1278–1295 1278–1295 & 1278–1344 1278–1344 1344–1368 1368–1372 1368–1372 & 1368–1413 1368–1413 & 1368–1404 1368–1404 1413–1428 1413–1428 & 1413–1435 1413–1435 1435–1451 1451–1464 1464–1474 1464–1474 1474–1523 & 1474

Dukes of Pomerania in Stettin (Szczecin) Bogislaw I … son of duke Wartislaw Wartislaw I of Pomerania; Pomerania; Saxon vassal 1164; 1164; Brandenburg Brandenburg vassal 1181 + Ratibor II … son of Bogislaw I; associated c .1175–1183 .1175–1183 Bogislaw II … son of Bogislaw Bogislaw I; Danish Danish vassal vassal 1202 Kasimir II … son of Bogislaw I; to Demmin 1211–1219 Barnim I, the Good … … son of Bogislaw II; Danish vassal until 1227 Bogislaw IV … son of Barnim I; to Wolgast 1295–1309 Barnim II … son of Barnim I Otto I … son of Barnim I; retained retained Stettin 1295 Barnim III, the Great … … son of Otto I; associated 1320 Kasimir III … son of Barnim III Swantibor I … son of Barnim III Bogislaw VII … son of Barnim III Otto II … son son of Swantibor I; associated 1397 Kasimir V … son of Swantibor I Joachim, the Younger … … son of Kasimir V Otto III … son of Joachim Erich II … son of duke Wartislaw Wartislaw IX of Wolgast; Wolgast Wolgast 1457–1459 1457–1459;; Schlawe-Stolp 1459–1464 1459–1464 Bogislaw X, the Great … … son of Erich II; all Pomerania 1478–1523 1478–1523 Kasimir VI … son of Erich II


& 1474–1475 1474–1475 1523–1531 1523–1531 & 1523–1569 1531–1541 1531–1541 1569–1600 1569–1600 1600–1603 1603–1606 1603–1606 1606–1618 1606–1618 1618–1620 1618–1620

1620–1634 1620–1634

:1156–1180 :1156–1180 1181–1184 1181–1184 1184–1211 1184–1211 1211–1219 1211–1219 1219–1264 1219–1264

:1156–1175: :1156–1175: ?–1200: 1200:–1227 1200:–1227 1227–1372 1372–1374 1374–1377 1374–1377 & 1374–1394 1374–1394 & 1374–1418 1374–1418 & 1374–1403 1394–1459 1418–1446 1418–1446 1459–1464 1459–1464

1295–1309 1295–1309 1309–1326 1309–1326 1326–1372 1326–1372 & 1326–1365 & 1326–1372 1365–1372 57 In

Wartislaw XI … son of Erich II Georg I … son of Bogislaw X Barnim IX, the Pious … son of Bogislaw X; abdicated, died 1573 Philipp I … son of Georg Georg I; to Wolgast 1541–1560 1541–1560 Johann Friedrich, the Strongest … … son of Philipp I; Wolgast 1560–1569 Barnim X, the Succinct … … son of Philipp I; Wolgast 1560–1569, Rügenwalde 1569–1600 Bogislaw XIII, the Pious … son of Philipp I; I ; Wolgast 1560–1569, Barth 1569–1603 Philipp II … son of Bogislaw XIII Franz … son of Bogislaw Bogislaw XIII; associated associated in Bütow 1606–1618 1606–1618 + Georg II … son of Bogislaw XIII; associated in Bukow 1606–1617 + Ulrich … son of Bogislaw XIII; associated in Bütow 1618–1622 Bogislaw XIV … son of Bogislaw XIII; associated associated in Rügenwalde 1696; all Pomerania Pomerania 1625; abdicated, died 1637 (to Sweden 1634; to Prussia 1720) Dukes of Pomerania in Demmin (Dymin) Kasimir I … son of duke duke Wartislaw Wartislaw I of of Pomerania Pomerania Wartislaw II … son of duke Bogislaw Bogislaw I of Stettin, Stettin, brother of Kasimir Kasimir I (to Stettin) Kasimir II … brother of Wartislaw II; Stettin 1187–1211 1187–1211 Wartislaw III … son of Kasimir II (to Stettin 1264; to Sweden 1634; to Prussia 1720) Dukes of Pomerania in Schlawe (Sławno) and Stolp (Słupsk) Swantopolk II … son of duke duke Ratibor Ratibor I of Pomerania Bogislaw III … brother of Swantopolk II Ratibor III … son of Bogislaw III 57; Danish vassal 1202; deposed, died 1238 (to Pomerelia 1227, to Brandenburg Brandenbu rg 1294, to Wolgast 1315) Bogislaw V … son of Wartislaw IV of Wolgast; Wolgast 1326–1372 Kasimir IV (Kaźko) … son of Bogislaw V Wartislaw VII … son of Bogislaw V Bogislaw VIII … son of Bogislaw V; in Rügenwalde 1374 and Stargard Stargard 1377 1377 Barnim V … son of Bogislaw V; in Schlawe 1374 Erich I … son of Wartislaw VII; Norway 1389–1442, Sweden 1396–1439, Denmark 1396–1440 Bogislaw IX … son of Bogislaw VIII Erich II … son of duke duke Wartislaw IX of Wolgast; Wolgast; husband husband of Zofia, Zofia, daughter of Bogislaw IX; Wolgast 1457–1459; 1457–1459; to Stettin 1464–1474 1464–1474 (to Pomerania-Stettin 1464; to Prussia 1634) Dukes of Pomerania in Wolgast (Wołogoszcz) ( Wołogoszcz) Bogislaw IV … son of duke Barnim Barnim I of Stettin; Stettin; Pomerania Pomerania 1278–1295 1278–1295 Wartislaw IV … son of Bogislaw IV Bogislaw V … son son of Wartislaw IV; to Stolp 1372–1374 1372–1374 Barnim IV … son of Wartislaw IV Wartislaw V, Paternoster … … son of Wartislaw IV; to Neustettin 1372–1390 Wartislaw VI … son of Barnim IV; to Barth-Rügen Barth-Rü gen 1372–1394

exile during Danish occupation 1205–1225.


& 1365–1393 1365–1393 1393–1394 1393–1394 1394–1405 1394–1405 1405–1457 & 1405–1450 1405–1450 1457–1459 1457–1459 1459–1478 1478–1532 1478–1532 1532–1560 1532–1560 1560–1569 1560–1569 & 1560–1569 & 1560–1592 1560–1592 & 1560–1569 & 1560–1574 1560–1574 1592–1625

1325–1326 1325–1326 1326–1372 & 1326–1365 & 1326–1372 1365–1394 & 1365–1372 1365–1372 1394–1415 1394–1415 1415–1432 1415–1432 & 1415–1451 1415–1451 1451–1457 1457–1459 1459–1569 1459–1569 1569–1603

Bogislaw VI … son of Barnim IV; IV; retained Gützkow and Wolgast Wolgast 1372 1372 Wartislaw VI … restored Barnim VI … son of Wartislaw VI Wartislaw IX … son of Barnim VI; all Pommerania 1451–1457 Barnim VII … son of Barnim Barnim VI; Demmin Demmin 1425 Erich II … son of Wartislaw Wartislaw IX; to Schlawe-Stolp Schlawe-Stolp 1459–146 1459–1464, 4, to Stettin 1464–1474 1464–1474 Wartislaw X … son of Wartislaw IX; Barth and Rügen 1457–1459 (to Stettin) Philipp I … son of of duke Georg I of Stettin; Stettin; Stettin Stettin 1531–1532 1531–1532 Johann Friedrich, the Strongest … … son of Philipp I; to Stettin 1569–1600 Bogislaw XIII, the Pious … son of Philipp I; to Barth 1569–1603; Stettin 1603–1606 1603–1606 Ernst Ludwig, the Fairest … … son of Philipp I; retained Wolgast 1569 Barnim X, the Succinct … … son of Philipp I; to Rügenwalde 1569–1600; Stettin 1600–1603 1600–1603 Kasimir VIII, the Sociable … son of Philipp I; bishop of Kammin; to Rügenwalde 1603–1605 1603–1605 Philipp Julius, the Hearty … son of Ernst Ludwig (to Stettin 1625; to Sweden 1634, to Denmark 1814, to Prussia 1815) Duke of Pomerania in Barth (Bardo) and Rügen Wartislaw IV … son son of duke Bogislaw Bogislaw IV of Wolgast Wolgast by Margarete, daughter daughter of duke Wizlaw II of Rügen; Rügen; Wolgast 1309–132 1309–13266 Bogislaw V … son of Wartislaw IV; to Schlawe-Stolp Schlawe-S tolp 1372–1374 Barnim IV … son of Wartislaw IV; also Wolgast Wartislaw V, Paternoster … … son of Wartislaw IV; to Neustettin 1372–1390 1372–1390 Wartislaw VI … son of Barnim IV; Wolgast 1365–1372, 1393–1394 Bogislaw VI … son of Barnim IV; to Wolgast 1372–1393 1372–1393 Wartislaw VIII … son of of Wartislaw Wartislaw VI; regent of Wolgast Wolgast 1405–1415 1405–1415 Swantibor II … son of Wartislaw VIII; in Rügen Barnim VIII … son of Wartislaw VIII; in Stralsund and Barth (to Wolgast) Wartislaw X … son of duke Wartislaw IX of Wolgast; to Wolgast 1459–1478 (to Wolgast 1459; to Stettin 1478; to Wolgast 1532) Bogislaw XIII, the Pious … son of duke Philipp I of Wolgast; Wolgast 1560–1569, 1560–1569, Stettin 1603–1606 (to Stettin 1603, to Sweden 1634, to Denmark 1814, to Prussia 1815) PRUSSIA

The pagan native Prussians were conquered and converted to Christianity by the Teutonic Order, which established their monastic state (Ordensstaat ) in the area beginning with the Prussian Prussian Crusade in 1230. 1230. The Order’s expansion was curtailed by Poland-Lithuania at the Battle of Grunwald/Tannenberg in 1410 and the Second Peace of Thorn/Toruń Thorn/Toruń in 1466. On the latter occasion the the Order surrendered West Prussia Prussia to the kingdom of Poland Poland and acknowledged itself itself a Polish vassal. In 1525 the grand master master of the Teutonic Order Albrecht of Hohenzollern converted to Lutheranism and retained control of East Prussia as the first duke of Prussia. He was recognized as as such by his uncle and overlord, overlord, king Zygmunt Zygmunt I of Poland. Poland. On the death of the second duke, the mentally impaired Albrecht Friedrich, the duchy of Prussia passed to his daughter Anna’s husband, elector Johann Sigismund Sigismund of Brandenburg. Ducal Prussia remained remained united with the electorate of Brandenburg, and in 1657 it obtained obtained the renunciation of Polish suzerainty. In 1701 the ruler of BrandenburgPrussia took the title “king in Prussia.” After the First Partition of Poland allotted West West Prussia to him, king Friedrich II changed his title to “king of Prussia.” All Prussia remained in the hands of the Hohenzollern


monarchy until 1919; the aftermath aftermath of World War I returned most of West Prussia to Poland. What was left of East Prussia was divided between Poland Poland and Russia in 1945. After 1619, see Brandenburg-Prussia. Brandenburg-Prussia. Dukes of Prussia Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg 1525–1568 1525–1568 Albrecht … son of margrave margrave Friedrich Friedrich I of Brandenburg-Ansbach Brandenburg-Ansbach by Zofia, Zofia, daughter daughter of king Kazimierz IV of Poland; grand master of the Teutonic Knights 1510–1525 1568–1618 1568–1618 Albrecht Friedrich … son of Albrecht 1618–1619 1618–1619 Johann Sigismund … husband husband of of Anna, Anna, daughter of Albrecht Friedrich; son son of elector Joachim Friedrich of Brandenburg; Brandenburg 1608–1619 1608–1619 (union with the electorate of Brandenburg 1618; divided between Poland and Russia 1945) RAVENSBERG

The counts of Ravensberg in Westphalia Westphalia descended from from those of Calvelage. Unlike most of the local nobles, they supported the Hohenstaufens Hohenstaufens against the Welfs in the 1190s. 1190s. On the extinction of the male line in 1346, 1346, the county was inherited by Gerhard Gerhard of Jülich, the future count of of Berg. Thus Ravensberg was was united with Berg in 1348, and soon afterwards with the associated territories of Cleves, Jülich, and Mark. Counts of Ravensberg House of Calvelage c .1120– .1120– c .1144 .1144 Hermann I … son son of count Hermann I of of Calvelage Calvelage c .1144– .1144– c .1170 .1170 Otto I … son of Hermann I c .1170–1221 .1170–1221 Hermann II … son of Otto I 1221–1226 1221–1226 Otto II … son of Hermann II; to Vlotho 1226–1244 1226–1244 & 1221–1249 Ludwig … son of Hermann II 1249–1305: Otto III … son of Ludwig :1306–1328 :1306–1328 Otto IV … son of Otto III & :1306–1346 :1306–1346 Bernhard … son of Otto III Hengebach House of Jülich 1346–1360 1346–1360 Gerhard of Jülich … husband of Margarete, Margarete, daughter of Otto IV; son of duke Wilhelm I of Jülich; Berg 1348–1360 1348–1360 (union with Berg 1360; divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neuburg Palatinate-Neuburg 1609; to Brandenburg 1614; divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate 1630; to Brandenburg 1666; to Westphalia 1807; divided between France and Berg 1810; to Prussia 1815)

REUSS

Reuss consisted of a relatively small territory located between electoral Saxony and Thuringia, on the territory of the former march of Zeitz. The house, all of whose male members members were named “Heinrich,” “Heinrich,” in honor of the emperor Heinrich VI who endowed the family with its possessions, divided into numerous branches and into two main lines called simply simply Senior and Junior lines of Reuss. Reuss. In 1673 the House of Reuss acquired acquired the status of imperial counts. The lands of the Senior Line Line were consolidated by Reuss-Obergreiz, Reuss-Obergreiz, which received the title “princes of Reuss Senior Line” in 1778. The consolidation of the lands of the Junior Line by Reuss-Schleiz did not take place until 1848, and this house acquired the title “princes of Reuss Junior Line” in 1806, while that of Reuss-Lobenstein Reuss-Lobenstein had acquired the same status in 1790. 1790. In 1871 the princes of the Senior Line (Greiz) (Greiz) and Junior Line (Schleiz) joined the German Empire. The complex numbering of the rulers includes the many non-reigning members members of the house. In the Senior Line the numbering numbering covers all male children starting starting with I


(1) and ending with C (100), (100), then restarting at at I. In the Junior Line the numbering numbering also covers all male male children, but restarts at I (1) at the end of every century. century. Since the ordinal numbering numbering was formally used by the rulers, there is no sensible alternative to resulting genealogical and chronological nightmare. nightmare. House of Reuss in Greiz 1462–1476 1462–1476 Heinrich IX … son of Heinrich Heinrich VII of Reuss-Greiz; Reuss-Greiz; Untergreiz Untergreiz 1449; 1449; Obergreiz 1462 1476–1502 1476–1502 Heinrich XI … son son of Heinrich IX; in Untergreiz 1485 & 1476–1529 1476–1529 Heinrich XII … son of Heinrich Heinrich IX; in Kranichfeld Kranichfeld 1485; 1485; abdicated, abdicated, died 1539 & 1476–1535 1476–1535 Heinrich XIII, the Silent … … son of Heinrich IX; in Obergreiz 1485; also Untergreiz 1502 1535–1564 1535–1564 Heinrich XIV … son of Heinrich XIII; to to Untergreiz Untergreiz 1564–1572 1564–1572 & 1535–1564 1535–1564 Heinrich XV XV … son of Heinrich XIII; to Obergreiz 1564–157 1564–15788 & 1535–1564 1535–1564 Heinrich XVI … son of Heinrich XIII; Reuss Junior Line 1564–1572 1564–1572 (division into Untergreiz, Obergreiz, and Reuss Junior Line 1564) Reuss Senior Line in Untergreiz 1564–1572 1564–1572 Heinrich I … son of Heinrich XIII of Greiz; Greiz; Greiz Greiz 1535–1564 1535–1564 1572–1583 1572–1583 Heinrich II, the Tall … … son of Heinrich I; to Burgk 1583–1608 1583–1608 & 1572–1582 1572–1582 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich I & 1572–1604 1572–1604 Heinrich V … son of Heinrich I 1604–1625 Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich V; in Obergreiz Obergre iz 1616–1629 & 1604–1667 1604–1667 Heinrich V … son of Heinrich Heinrich V; in Obergreiz 1616–1625; 1616–1625; in Burgk 1643 1643 1667–1697 1667–1697 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich Heinrich V; in Burgk Burgk 1668; 1668; imperial imperial count count 1673 1673 & 1667–1675 1667–1675 Heinrich IV … brother of Heinrich II; in Untergreiz 1668; imperial count count 1673 & 1667–1698 1667–1698 Heinrich V … brother of Heinrich Heinrich II; in Rothenthal Rothenthal 1668; 1668; imperial imperial count 1673 1675–1733 1675–1733 Heinrich XIII … son of Heinrich IV 1733–1768 1733–1768 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich XIII (to Reuss-Obergreiz 1768) Reuss Senior Line in Burgk 1583–1608 1583–1608 Heinrich II, the Tall … … son of Heinrich I of Untergreiz; Untergreiz 1572–1583 1572–1583 1608–1639 1608–1639 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich II the Tall & 1608–1616 1608–1616 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II the Tall & 1608–1616 1608–1616 Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich II the Tall ; to Dölau 1616–1636 1639–1640 1639–1640 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II (to Reuss-Untergreiz 1640) Reuss Senior Line in Obergreiz (Greiz 1768) 1564–1578 1564–1578 Heinrich XV XV … son of of Heinrich Heinrich XIII XIII of Greiz; Greiz 1535–1564 1535–1564 1578–1607 1578–1607 Heinrich XVII … son of Heinrich Heinrich XV; in Obergreiz 1597 & 1578–1616 1578–1616 Heinrich XVIII … son son of Heinrich XV; in Schleiz Schleiz 1597 1597 1616–1629 Heinrich IV … son of of Heinrich Heinrich V of Untergreiz; Untergreiz; Untergreiz Untergreiz 1604–1616 1604–1616 & 1616–1625 1616–1625 Heinrich V … brother of Heinrich Heinrich IV; Untergreiz Untergreiz 1604–1667 1604–1667 1629–1681 1629–1681 Heinrich I … son of Heinrich IV; imperial imperial count 1673 1681–1697 1681–1697 Heinrich VI … son of Heinrich I & 1681–1690 1681–1690 Heinrich XV … son of Heinrich I & 1681–169 1681–16944 Heinrich XVI … son of Heinrich I; to Dölau 1694–1698 1694–1698 1697–1714 1697–1714 Heinrich I … son of Heinrich VI & 1697–1722 1697–1722 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich VI


1722–1723 1722–1723 & 1722–1800 1722–1800 1800–1817 1800–1817 1817–1836 1817–1836 1836–1859 1859–1902 1859–1902 1902–1918 1902–1918

Heinrich IX … son of Heinrich II Heinrich XI … son of of Heinrich Heinrich II; prince of Reuss Senior Line 1778 1778 Heinrich XIII … son of Heinrich XI Heinrich XIX … son of Heinrich XIII Heinrich XX … son of Heinrich XIII Heinrich XXII … son of Heinrich XX Heinrich XXIV … son of Heinrich Heinrich XXII; deposed, died 1927 1927 (to Germany 1918)

Reuss Junior Line in Gera 1564–1572 1564–1572 Heinrich XVI … son of Heinrich XIII of Greiz; Greiz 1535–1564 1535–1564 1572–1635 1572–1635 Heinrich II, Postumus … posthumous son of Heinrich XVI; Schleiz 1616 1635–1670 1635–1670 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich II Postumus; in Gera 1647 & 1635–1640 1635–1640 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II Postumus & 1635–1647 1635–1647 Heinrich IX … son of Heinrich II Postumus; to Schleiz 1647–1666 & 1635–1647 1635–1647 Heinrich X … son of Heinrich II Postumus; to Lobenstein 1647–1671 1647–1671 1640–1666 1640–1666 Heinrich I … son of Heinrich Heinrich III; in Saalburg Saalburg 1647; 1647; to to Schleiz 1666–1692 1666–1692 1670–1686 1670–1686 Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich Heinrich II; imperial imperial count count 1673 1686–1735 1686–1735 Heinrich XVIII … son of Heinrich IV 1735–1748 1735–1748 Heinrich XXV … son of Heinrich IV 1748–1802 1748–1802 Heinrich XXX … son of Heinrich XXV (to Reuss-Schleiz 1802) Reuss Junior Line in Schleiz 1647–1666 1647–1666 Heinrich IX … son of Heinrich II Postumus of Gera; Gera 1635–1647 1666–1692 1666–1692 Heinrich I … son of Heinrich III of Gera, brother of Heinrich Heinrich IX; imperial count 1673 1673 1692–1726 1692–1726 Heinrich XI … son of Heinrich I 1726–1744 1726–1744 Heinrich I … son of Heinrich XI 1744–1784 1744–1784 Heinrich XII … son of Heinrich XI 1784–1818 1784–1818 Heinrich XLII … son of of Heinrich XII; XII; prince of of Reuss Junior Junior Line in Schleiz and and Gera 1806 1818–1854 1818–1854 Heinrich LXII … son of Heinrich XLII 1854–1867 1854–1867 Heinrich LXVII … son of Heinrich XLII 1867–1913 1867–1913 Heinrich XIV … son of Heinrich LXVII 1913–1918 1913–1918 Heinrich XXVII … son of Heinrich XIV; deposed, died 1928 1928 (to Germany 1918) Reuss Junior Line in Lobenstein 1647–1671 1647–1671 Heinrich X … son of Heinrich II Postumus of Gera; Gera 1635–1647 1671–1710 1671–1710 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich X; imperial imperial count 1673 & 1671–1678 1671–1678 Heinrich VIII … son of Heinrich X; to Hirschberg 1678–1711 1678–1711 & 1671–1678 1671–1678 Heinrich X … son of Heinrich Heinrich X; to Ebersdorf 1678–1711 1678–1711 1710–1739 1710–1739 Heinrich XV … son of Heinrich III 1739–1782 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich XV 1782–1805 1782–1805 Heinrich XXXV XXXV … son of Heinrich II; prince of Reuss Junior Junior Line in Lobenstein Lobenstein 1790 1790 1805–1824 1805–1824 Heinrich LIV … son of Heinrich Heinrich XXV, XXV, son of Heinrich Heinrich XXVI, son of Heinrich III (to Reuss-Ebersdorf 1824)


Reuss Junior Line in Ebersdorf 1678–1711 1678–1711 Heinrich X … son of of Heinrich Heinrich X of Lobenstein; Lobenstein; imperial imperial count count 1673–167 1673–16788 1711–1747 1711–1747 Heinrich XXIX … son of Heinrich X 1747–1779 Heinrich XXIV … son of Heinrich XXIX 1779–1822 1779–1822 Heinrich LI LI … son of Heinrich XXIV; prince prince of Reuss Junior Junior Line Line in Ebersdorf 1806 1806 1822–1848 1822–1848 Heinrich LXXII … son of Heinrich LI; abdicated, died 1853 (to Reuss-Schleiz 1848)

RIENECK

The small county of Rieneck in Franconia was obtained by count Arnold I of Looz by marriage to the heiress of count Gerhard of Mainz. Rieneck remained united united with Looz (although (although sometimes sometimes given to younger younger th members of the comital family) until the early 13 century, when Arnold II (Arnold III of Looz) left Looz to his younger brother and established established a separate line line of counts of Rieneck. The county had to recognize recognize the suzerainty of the archbishop of Mainz, and when the comital line became extinct in 1559, it was divided among Mainz, Würzburg, and the Palatinate. Palatinate. In 1673 count Johann Hartwig Hartwig of Nostitz purchased a portion of that part of Rieneck that belonged to Mainz, and was created imperial count of Rieneck. In 1803 the county was sold to the prince of Colloredo-Mannsfeld, and in 1806 it was mediatized mediatized in favor of Regensburg. In 1815 it was awarded to Bavaria. The numbering of the Looz counts counts is inconsistent inconsistent in the literature. literature. Counts of Rieneck House of Looz c .1108–1125: .1108–1125:

:1135–1138: :1135–1138: :1141–:1144 :1144–1171 :1144–1171 1171–1194: 1171–1194: :1197–1216 :1197–1216 1216–1243 1216–1243 1243–1289: 1243–1289: & 1243–1295: 1243–1295: & 1243–1251: 1243–1251: & 1243–1252: 1243–1252: :1291: :1293–1333 :1293–1333 :1296–1330 :1296–1330 & :1296–:1342 :1296–:1342 1330–1367: :1342–1364: :1365–1408 :1365–1408 :1371–1387 :1371–1387 & :1371–1389 :1371–1389 1408–1431 1408–1431 1431–1488 & 1463–1497 1463–1497 1497–1518 1497–1518 1518–1559 1518–1559

Arnold I … son of count count Emmo of Looz; husband of Agnes, daughter daughter of count Gerhard Gerhard of Mainz and Rieneck Arnold II … son of Arnold I Gerhard I … son of Arnold II Ludwig I … son of Arnold II Gerhard II … son of Ludwig I Gerhard III … son of Gerhard II Ludwig II … son of count Gerhard III Ludwig III … son of Ludwig II Gerhard IV … son of Ludwig II Siboto … son of Ludwig II Heinrich I … son of Ludwig II Thomas I … son of Ludwig III Ludwig IV, the Younger … … son of Ludwig III Ludwig V, the Elder … … son of Gerhard IV Heinrich II … son of Gerhard IV Gerhard V … son of Ludwig V Johann … son of Heinrich Ludwig VI … son of Johann; Johann; vassal of Mainz 1366 Gerhard VI … son of Gerhard V Gottfried … son of Gerhard V Thomas II … son of Ludwig VI Philipp I, the Elder … … son of Thomas II Philipp II, the Younger … … son of Thomas II; associated 1454 Reinhard … son of Philipp II Philipp III … son of Reinhard


1559–1673 1559–1673 House of Nostitz 1673–1683 1673–1683 1683–1736 1736–1765 1736–1765 1765–1794 1765–1794 1795–1803 1795–1803

(to Mainz, Würzburg, and the Palatinate) Johann Hartwig … son of Johann von Nostitz Anton Johann … son of Johann Hartwig Franz Wenzel Wenzel … son of Wenzel Desiderius, son of Johann Hartwig Franz Anton … son of Franz Wenzel + Fiedrich Moritz … son of Franz Wenzel; in Turmitz 1765–1796 1765–1796 Friedrich Chrysogonus Chrysogonus Johann … son of Franz Franz Anton; sold county; county; died died 1819 1819 (to Colloredo-Mannsfeld 1803; to Regensburg 1806; to Bavaria 1815) RIETBERG (see Kaunitz) RÜGEN

The island of Rügen was settled by the Slavic Rani, whose chieftain Tezlaw was forced to accept Danish overlordship and to convert to Christianity in 1168, after several Danish and Saxon interventions on the island. The princes of Rügen distinguished themselves in Danish service, but by the second half of the 13 th century recognized the overlordship of the Holy Roman Empire, at least for the mainland portion of their possessions. In accordance with an inheritance agreement, on the death of Wizlaw III without male heirs, Rügen passed to his sister Margarete’s son Wartislaw IV of Pomerania-Wolgast. Princes and Dukes of Rügen House of Rügen :1164–1170: :1164–1170: 1170:–1218 1170:–1218 1218–1221 1218–1221 1221–1249 1221–1249 1249–1260 1249–1260 1260–1302 1260–1302 & 1260–1282: 1260–1282: 1302–1325 1302–1325 & 1302–1304 1302–1304

Tezlaw … son of Ratislaw; prince of Rügen Rügen as as Danish Danish vassal Jaromar I … brother brother of Tezlaw; perhaps associated :1168 Barnuta … son of Jaromar Jaromar I; abdicated; abdicated; to Gristow Gristow 1221–1236 1221–1236 Wizlaw I … son of Jaromar I Jaromar II … son of Wizlaw I; associated associated 1246 Wizlaw II … son of Jaromar II; duke of Rügen Rügen and and Pomerania Pomerania Jaromar III … son of Jaromar II Wizlaw III … son of Wizlaw II Sambor … son of Wizlaw II (to Pomerania 1325; to Sweden 1634; to Prussia 1815) RUPPIN

Originally a Slavic stronghold, Ruppin came to be ruled by Gebhard of Arnstein, count of Lindow, c .1220. .1220. The rise of the lordship was connected with the German annexation and colonization of the area east of the Elbe. The family’s original original county of Lindow was was sold to Anhalt in 1461. 1461. On the extinction of the male line line in 1524, Ruppin passed to its overlord, Brandenburg. Brandenburg. The latter recovered Lindow from Anhalt in 1577. Lords of Ruppin Arnstein House of Lindow c .1220–1256 .1220–1256 Gebhard … son of count Walther II of of Arnstein Arnstein 1256–1278 1256–1278 Walther … son of Gebhard & 1256–1284 1256–1284 Günther I … son of Gebhard 1284–1290 1284–1290 Albrecht I … son of Günther I & 1284–1311 1284–1311 Burkhard … son of Günther I


& 1284–1316 1284–1316 1311–1318 1311–1318 & 1311–1347 1311–1347 1316–c .1338 .1338 & 1316–1356 1316–1356 1356–1359: 1356–1359: & 1356–:1391 1356–:1391 & 1356–c .1379 .1379 :1391–1420: :1391–1420: & :1391–:1416 :1391–:1416 :1416–1460 :1416–1460 1460–1500 1460–1500 & 1460–1499 1460–1499 1500–1507 1507–1524

Ulrich I … son of Günther I Johann I … son of Burkhard Adolf … son of Burkhard Günther II … son of Ulrich I Ulrich II … son of Ulrich I Ulrich III … son of Ulrich II Albrecht II … son of Ulrich II Günther III … son of Ulrich II Ulrich IV … son of Albrecht II Günther IV … son of Albrecht II Albrecht III … son of Günther IV Johann II … son of Albrecht III Jakob … son of Albrecht III Joachim … son of Johann II Wichmann … son of Joachim (to Brandenburg 1524) SAARBRÜCKEN

The counts of Saarbrücken (“Bridge over the Saar”) descended from the counts of Luxembourg, and were vassals of the bishops bishops of Metz. Several 11th–13th-century bishops of Worms, Mainz, and Speyer came from this lineage. Moreover, the counts of Zweibrücken, Zweibrücken, Werd, and Leiningen Leiningen were all descended from from the House of Saarbrücken. In 1276 the county county of Saarbrücken passed by inheritance inheritance to the French noble noble lineage of Commercy, and in 1381 1381 by inheritance inheritance again to the counts counts of Nassau-Weilburg. Nassau-Weilburg. From 1442 to 1793 Saarbrücken was ruled by its own branch of the counts of Nassau, before being conquered by France in 1793 and allotted to Prussia in 1815. Counts of Saarbrücken Luxembourg House of Saarbrücken :1080–c .1105 .1105 Siegbert … son of of (?) count Friedrich I of Luxembourg; Luxembourg; count in in Saargau Saargau c .1105– .1105– c .1134 .1134 Friedrich I … son of Siegbert c .1135– .1135– c .1183 .1183 Simon I … son of Friedrich I c .1183– .1183– c .1207 .1207 Simon II … son of Simon I & c .1183– .1183– c .1193 .1193 Heinrich … son of Simon I; to Zweibrücken c .1193–1228 .1193–1228 c .1207–1226: .1207–1226: Simon III … son of Simon II; abdicated, abdicated, died 1233: :1227–1270: :1227–1270: Laurette … daughter of Simon III & :1235–1250 :1235–1250 Gottfried of Aspremont … husband of Laurette; son of Gobert VI of Aspremont & 1252–1260 1252–1260 Dietrich, Luf , of Cleves … married Laurette; son of count Dietrich IV of Cleves; died 1277 :1271–1276 :1271–1276 Mathilde … daughter of Simon III & :1271–1276 :1271–1276 Amadeus of Montfaucon … husband of Mathilde; Mathilde; son of count count Richard of Montbéliard; Montbéliard; died 1280 House of Broyes-Commercy 1276–1307: 1276–1307: Simon IV … son of Mathilde by Simon III of Commercy :1309–1342 :1309–1342 Johann I … son of Simon IV 1342–1381 1342–1381 Johann II … son son of Simon, son of Johann I 1381 Johanna … daughter daughter of Johann II; widow widow of count Johann I of Nassau-Weilburg Nassau-Weilburg (to Nassau-Weilburg 1381)


SAARWERDEN

The first known count of Saarwerden (now Sarrewerden in France) built the like-named castle atop the ruins of Roman baths. The county reached the apex of its fortunes when count Friedrich III served as archbishop archbishop of Cologne in 1370–1414. 1370–1414. The male line extinct, extinct, the county passed to the counts of Mörs in in 1414. A branch of this lineage retained Saarwerden until 1527, when it was inherited by the counts of Nassau-Saarbrücken. However, the bishop of Metz, as overlord of Saarwerden, granted it to the dukes of Upper Lorraine, which led to a conflict over the succession that lasted lasted until 1629. In the resulting compromise, compromise, Saarwerden was divided between Lorraine (which kept Saarwerden itself) and Nassau-Weilburg (which built a new city, Neu Saarwerden, in the territories it retained). retained). Occupied by France from 1790 1790 and annexed annexed in 1801, it was recovered by Germany in 1871, before returning to France in 1918. Counts of Saarwerden House of Blieskastel :1111–1131: :1111–1131: :1136–1149: :1136–1149: :1165–1200: :1165–1200: & :1165–c .1176 .1176 :1212–1246: :1212–1246: & :1212–1242 :1212–1242 1246:–1271: 1246:–1271: :1289–1310 :1289–1310 1310–1363: 1310–1363: :1365–1370: :1365–1370: :1378–1397 :1378–1397 1397–1414 1397–1414 House of Mörs 1414–1417 1414–1417

Friedrich I … son of (?) count count Gottfried I of Blieskastel Folmar … son of Friedrich I Ludwig I … son of Folmar Ludwig II … son of Folmar Ludwig III … son of Ludwig I Heinrich I … son of Ludwig I; in in Kirckel Heinrich II … son of Ludwig III Johann I … son of Heinrich II Friedrich II … son of Johann I Johann II … son son of Friedrich II; associated 1358 Heinrich III … son of Johann II Friedrich III … son of Johann Johann II; archbishop archbishop of Cologne 1370–1414 1370–1414

Friedrich IV … husband of Walburga, Walburga, daughter daughter of Johann II; son of count Dietrich V of Mörs; associated 1399 1417–1431 1417–1431 Johann III … son of Friedrich IV 1431–1483 Jakob I … son of Johann III 1483–1495 Nikolaus … son of Jakob I; associated 1457 & 1483–1527 Johann IV … son of Jakob I & 1483–1514 Jakob II … son of Jakob I 1514–1527 Johann Jakob … son of Jakob II House of Nassau-Saarbrücken (in dispute with the dukes of Lorraine) 1527–1544 1527–1544 Johann Ludwig … husband of of Katharina, Katharina, daughter of Johann Johann IV; son of count Johann Johann II of Nassau-Saarbrücken; abdicated, died 1545 1544–1556 Johann V … son of Johann Ludwig; abdicated abdicate d 1556–1559 1556–1559 Adolf … son of Johann Ludwig 1559–1574 1559–1574 Johann V … restored (to Nassau-Weilburg 1574) SALZBURG

The bishops (from 798 archbishops) of Salzburg ruled a sizable principality in eastern Bavaria, and became imperial princes. In 1322 Salzburg asserted its independence independence from Bavaria Bavaria with Austrian Austrian help. Secularized in 1803 and, united with the former bishoprics of Freising and Passau into a single electorate, Salzburg was given to the former grand duke of Tuscany Tuscany Ferdinand as compensation compensation for the loss of his Italian lands. lands. Two years


later this electorate was annexed to Austria, and Ferdinand was compensated with the grand duchy of Würzburg. After passing to to Bavaria in 1810, Salzburg Salzburg returned to Austria in exchange exchange for Würzburg in 1814. Elector of Salzburg Habsburg-Lorraine House of Austria 1803–1805 1803–1805 Ferdinand … son of emperor emperor Leopold Leopold II; deposed; to Würzburg Würzburg 1805–1814; 1805–1814; Tuscany 1791–1801 and 1814–1824 (to Austria 1805; to France 1809; to Bavaria 1810; to Austria 1814) SALM

The counts of Salm in the Ardennes and Vosges mountains of Lorraine were descended from the House of Luxembourg. The comital lineage divided into the lines of Upper and Lower Salm already already in the 12 th century, and one branch of the Upper Salm (Obersalm in the Vosges) line holding on to ½ of Salm passed by marriage to the House of Stein in 1475, 1475, the other to Upper Lorraine Lorraine in 1600. 1600. After further subdivision, subdivision, the line of Salm-Neuweiler divided in 1608 into two branches, which foreshadowed the later principalities of Salm-Salm and Salm-Kyrburg. The count of Salm-Salm was the first member of the family to be raised to the status of imperial prince, in 1623; 1623; the counts of Salm-Kyrburg followed suit in 1742. 1742. Salm-Salm was annexed annexed to France in 1793, Salm-Kyrburg Salm-Kyrburg in 1794. The princes of Salm-Salm and and Salm-Kyrburg were compensated compensated with a joint principality of Salm carved out of the bishopric of Münster northeast of the Rhine in 1802. In 1810 the new principality of Salm was also annexed by France, and in 1815 the Congress of Vienna allotted it to Prussia. The list below does not include all counts of Salm, ignoring several several collateral lines. For the counts of Lower Salm (Niedersalm in the Ardennes) and the princes of Salm-Reifferscheidt, see further below. Counts of Salm and Upper Salm House of Luxembourg 1019–1059 1019–1059 Giselbert … son of count Friedrich I of Luxembourg 1059–1088 Hermann I … son of Giselbert; Giselber t; German king 1081–1088 1088–1135: Hermann II … son of Hermann I & 1088–1150 1088–1150 Otto … son of Hermann I :1138–1147: Hermann III … son of Hermann II & :1138–1153: :1138–1153: Heinrich I … son of Hermann II :1163–c .1200 .1200 Heinrich II … son son of Heinrich I; in in Upper Salm 58 c .1200–1246 .1200–1246 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II & c .1200–1239: .1200–1239: Friedrich Heinrich … son of Heinrich II; in Blankenburg Friedrich … son of Heinrich III; to Blankenburg :1246–1256: (line extinct 1506) 1246–1292: 1246–1292: Heinrich IV … son son of Heinrich, son of Heinrich III :1293–1330: :1293–1330: Johann I … son of Heinrich IV :1332–1346 Simon I … son of Johann I & :1332–1343 :1332–1343 Nikolaus … son of Johann Johann I; in Püttlingen and Viviers 1343–1368 1343–1368 Johann II … son of Nikolaus; Nikolaus; in Püttlingen and Viviers 1346–1386 1346–1386 Johann III … son of Simon I 1386–1397 1386–1397 Simon II … son of Johann III & 1386–1431 1386–1431 Johann IV … son of Johann III 1431–c .1459 .1459 Simon III … son of Johann Johann IV; retained retained ½ of Salm c .1459–1475 .1459–1475 Jakob … son of Simon III (to the wildgraves/rhinegraves wildgraves/rhinegraves of Salm 1475) 58 Lower Salm passed to count

Friedrich II of Vianden, husband of Heinrich I’s daughter Elisabeth.


1431–1485 1431–1485 1485–1505 & 1485–152 1485–15299 1505–1548 1548–1600 1548–1600

Counts of Salm in Viviers (Badenweiler) Johann V … son of count Johann IV of Upper Upper Salm; retained ½ of Salm Johann VI … son of Johann V Nikolaus I … son of Johann Johann V; to Neuburg 1529–153 1529–15300 Johann VII … son of Johann VI Johann VIII … son of Johann VII (to Upper Lorraine 1600 59) Wildgraves and Rhinegraves of Salm

House of Stein 1475–1495 1475–1495

1495–1499

Johann V … married Johannette, Johannette, daughter of Simon Simon III; son of wildgrave/rhinegrave wildgrave/rhinegrave Johann IV of Dhaun and Kyrburg; Kyrburg; wildgrave/rhinegrave wildgrave/rhinegrave 1476 1476 Johann VI … son of Johann V + Jakob … son of Johann V; associated in Dhronecken 1495–1507 (division into Salm-Dhaun and Salm-Kyrburg 1499)

Wildgraves and Rhinegraves of Salm in Dhaun 1499–1521 1499–1521 Philipp … son of wildgrave/rhinegrave wildgrave/rhinegrave Johann VI of Salm 1521–1561 1521–1561 Philipp Franz … son of Philipp & 1521–1566 Johann Philipp I … son of Philipp (division into Salm-Salm, Salm-Dhaun, Salm-Neuweiler, and Salm-Grumbach 1561)

1561–1569 1561–1569 1569–1608 1569–1608 1608–1634 1608–1634 1634–1636 1634–1636 1636–1663 1636–1663 1663–1710 1663–1710 1710–1738 1710–1738 1738–1770 1738–1770 1770–1771 1770–1771 1771–1773 1771–1773 1773–1778 1773–1778 1778–1813 1778–1813

1561–1608 1561–1608 1608–1650 1608–1650 & 1608–1673 1608–1673 1673–1676 1673–1676 1676–1696 1676–1696 & 1676–1696 1676–1696 59 Duke François II

Wildgraves and Rhinegraves, then Princes of Salm in Salm Johann Philipp II … son of of wildgrave/rhinegrave wildgrave/rhinegrave Philipp Franz of of Salm-Dhaun Salm-Dhaun Friedrich … brother of of Johann Johann Philipp II; in Salm-Neuweiler since 1561 Philipp Otto … son of Friedrich; prince 1623 Ludwig … son of Philipp Otto Leopold Philipp … son of Philipp Otto Karl Theodor Otto … son of Leopold Philipp; inherited Kyrburg 1688 Ludwig Otto … son of Karl Theodor Otto Nikolaus Leopold … husband husband of Dorothea, daughter of Ludwig Ludwig Otto; Otto; son of count Wilhelm Florentin Florentin of Salm-Hoogstraten; Salm-Hoogstraten; prince 1739; duke of of Hoogstraten 1741 Ludwig Otto Karl … son of Nikolaus Leopold; abdicated Maximilian Friedrich Ernst … son of Nikolaus Leopold Ludwig Otto Karl … restored Konstantin Alexander … son of Maximilian Maximilian Friedrich Ernst; Ernst; mediatized, died 1828 1828 (to France 1810; to Prussia 1815) Wildgraves and Rhinegraves of Salm in Neuweiler Friedrich … son of wildgrave/rhinegra wildgrave/rhinegrave ve Philipp Philipp Franz of Salm-Dhaun Johann Georg … son of Friedrich Friedrich Magnus … son of Friedrich Karl Florentin … son of Friedrich Magnus Friedrich Karl … son of Karl Florentin Wilhelm Florentin … son of Karl Karl Florentin; Florentin; to Hoogstraten 1696–1707 1696–1707

of Upper Lorraine had married Christina, daughter of Paul, brother of Johann VIII.


& 1676–1696 1676–1696

Heinrich Gabriel … son of of Karl Florentin; to Leuze Leuze 1696–1716 1696–1716 (division into Salm-Hoogstraten and Salm-Leuze 1696)

Wildgraves and Rhinegraves of Salm in Hoogstraten 1696–1707 1696–1707 Wilhelm Florentin … son son of of wildgrave/rhinegrav wildgrave/rhinegravee Karl Karl Florentin Florentin of Salm-Neuweiler Salm-Neuweiler 1707–1738 1707–1738 Nikolaus Leopold … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm Florentin; Florentin; to Salm-Salm 1738–1770 1738–1770 (union with Salm-Salm 1738; Neuweiler sold to France 1751) Wildgraves and Rhinegraves, then Princes of Salm in Leuze 1696–1714 1696–1714 Heinrich Gabriel … son of wildgrave/rhinegrave wildgrave/rhinegrave Karl Karl Florentin Florentin of Salm-Neuweiler Salm-Neuweiler 1714–1778 1714–1778 Johann XI … son of Heinrich Gabriel; prince 1742 & 1714–1738 1714–1738 Philipp Joseph … son of Heinrich Heinrich Gabriel; Gabriel; to Kyrburg 1738–1779 1738–1779 (union with Salm-Kyrburg 1778)

1499–1531 1499–1531 1531–1548 1531–1548 1548–1607 1548–1607 1607–1623 1607–1623 & 1607–1651 1607–1651 & 1607–1637 1607–1637 1623–1638 & 1623–1634 1623–1634

1634–1688 1634–1688 1638–1656 1638–1656 1651–1681 1651–1681 1688–1710 1688–1710 1710–1738 1738–1779 1738–1779 1779–1794 1779–1794 1794–1810 1794–1810

1529–1530 1529–1530 1529–1550 1529–1550 1550–1580 1550–1580 & 1550–1574 1550–1574 & 1550–1595 1550–1595 1595–1617 1595–1617 1617–1654 1617–1654 & 1617–1664 1617–1664 1654–1697 1654–1697 1697–1702 1697–1702 1702–1722 1702–1722

Wildgraves and Rhinegraves, then Princes of Salm in Kyrburg Johann VII … son of wildgrave/rhinegra wildgrave/rhinegrave ve Johann Johann VI of Salm Johann VIII … son of Johann VII Otto I … son of Johann VIII Johann IX … son son of Otto I; in Mörchingen Johann Kasimir … son of Otto I; in in Kyrburg Otto II … son of Otto I; in in Dhronecken Johann Philipp … son of Johann IX; in Mörchingen Mörchinge n Otto Ludwig … son son of Johann IX; in Mörchingen Mörchingen + Johann X … son of Johann IX; associated in Mörchingen 1623–1627: 1623–1627: + Georg … son of Johann IX; associated in Mörchingen 1623–1632: Johann XI … posthumous son of Otto Ludwig; in Mörchingen; Mörchingen; Kyrburg Kyrburg 1681 1681 Bernhard Ludwig … son of Johann Philipp; in Mörchingen Georg Friedrich … son of Johann Kasimir; in Kyrburg Karl Theodor Otto … son son of of prince prince Leopold Leopold Philipp of Salm-Salm Ludwig Otto … son of Karl Theodor Otto Philipp Joseph … son of of count count Heinrich Heinrich Gabriel Gabriel of Salm-Leuze; prince 1742 Friedrich III … son of Philipp Joseph Friedrich IV … son of Friedrich III; mediatized, mediatized, died 1859 (to France 1810; to Prussia 1815) Counts palatine of Salm-Neuburg Nikolaus I … son of count Johann Johann V of Salm-Viviers; Salm-Viviers; Salm-Viviers Salm-Viviers 1485–1529 1485–1529 Nikolaus II … son of Nikolaus I Nikolaus III … son of Nikolaus II Egino … son of Nikolaus II Julius I … son of Nikolaus II Weichard … son of Julius I Julius II … son of Weichard Karl … son of Weichard; sold Neuburg to Sinzendorf 1664 Ferdinand Julius … son of Julius II Franz Leopold … son of Karl Ernst Leopold … son of Franz Leopold


1722–1766 1722–1766 1766–1784 1766–1784

Karl Otto … son of Ernst Leopold Karl Franz Vincenz … son of Karl Otto (to Lamberg-Stein-Guttenberg Lamberg-Stein-Guttenberg 1784) SALM-REIFFERSCHEIDT

Lower Salm (Niedersalm) passed through marriage to the House of Vianden, and by the end of the 12 th century a separate line line of the family ruled there. This family became became extinct in 1415, 1415, and the last count bequeathed his lands to a distant cousin, Johann VI of Reifferscheidt. He kept Lower Salm after a division of estates with his nephew in 1456, and took the title count of Lower Lower Salm in 1470. His descendants augmented the line’s holdings with the inheritance of the baronies of Bedbur and Hakenbroich in 1600, and the count adopted the title Altgraf , reflecting the historical seniority of Lower Lower over Upper Salm. The Treaty of Lunéville Lunéville gave Bedbur and Reifferscheidt to France, and the count was compensated with the lordship of Krautheim, carved out of the bishopric of Mainz in 1803. 1803. In 1804 he was promoted promoted to prince, but the principality was mediatized in favor of Bade and Württemberg. Württemberg. The list includes only the princely branch of the family. Counts of Lower Salm (Niedersalm) Sponheim House of Vianden :1163–c .1175 .1175 Friedrich … husband of of Elisabeth, Elisabeth, daughter of count Heinrich I of Salm; Salm; son of count Friedrich I of Vianden; abdicated, died c .1187 .1187 c .1175–:1214 .1175–:1214 Wilhelm I … son of Friedrich :1214–:1246 :1214–:1246 Heinrich II … son of Wilhelm I :1246–c .1258 .1258 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II c .1258– .1258– c .1291 .1291 Wilhelm II … son of Heinrich III c .1291–1296 .1291–1296 Wilhelm III … son of Wilhelm II 1296–1301 1296–1301 Heinrich IV … son of Wilhelm III 1301–1339: 1301–1339: Heinrich V … son of Wilhelm II :1340–1359: :1340–1359: Heinrich VI … son of Heinrich V :1360–1415 :1360–1415 Heinrich VII … son of Heinrich VI (to Reifferscheidt 1415) Counts of Lower Salm in Reifferscheidt, Princes of Krautheim Limburg House of Reifferscheidt 1415–1475 1415–1475 Johann VI … son of Johann V of Reifferscheidt; count of Lower Salm-Reifferscheidt Salm-Reifferscheidt 1470 1475–1479 1475–1479 Johann VII … son of Johann VI 1479–1505 1479–1505 Peter … son of Johann VI 1505–1537 1505–1537 Johann VIII … son of Peter 1537–1559 Johann IX … son of Johann VIII 1559–1629 1559–1629 Werner … son of Johann Johann IX; IX; inherited Bedbur and and Hakenbroich Hakenbroich 1600; Altgraf 1628 1628 1629–1639 1629–1639 Ernst Friedrich … son of Werner 1639–1678 1639–1678 Erich Adolf … son of Ernst Friedrich Ernst Salentin … son of Ernst Friedrich; to Dyck 1639–1684 (line continued) 1678–1734 1678–1734 Franz Wilhelm … son of Erich Adolf 1734–1755 1734–1755 Karl Anton … son of Franz Wilhelm Leopold Anton … son of Franz Wilhelm; to Hainspach 1734–1769 (line continued) Anton Joseph Franz … son of Franz Wilhelm; to Raitz 1734–1769 (line continued) 1755–1786 1755–1786 Franz Nikolaus … son of Karl Anton & 1755–1798 1755–1798 Siegmund … son of Karl Anton


1798–1806 1798–1806

Franz Wilhelm Wilhelm … son of Siegmund; prince 1804; 1804; mediatized, died 1831 1831 (divided between Bade and Württemberg 1806) SAXONY (SACHSEN)

The Saxons settled Saxony by the mid-2 nd century. century. In the 5th century they joined the Angles and the Jutes in colonizing southeastern southeastern Britain (England). (England). Those who continued to inhabit inhabit Saxony were subjugated subjugated and converted to Christianity by the Franks of Charlemagne between 772 772 and 804. When the Carolingian Empire divided in 843, Saxony became became one of the three main divisions of the East Frankish Kingdom Kingdom (Germany). In th the mid-9 century the eastern portion of the duchy of Saxony came under the rule of Liudolf, whose son Otto can be called the first real real duke of Saxony. Saxony. Otto’s son Heinrich Heinrich was elected German German king in 919, and and Heinrich’s son Otto became became not only German king, but also emperor emperor in 962. Secure in his status as monarch, Otto transferred the duchy of Saxony to his vassal Hermann, whose family (the Billungs) retained control of the duchy until it died out in the male line in 1106. 1106. The Billung dukes campaigned campaigned against the Slavs Slavs and remained loyal to the Saxon and Salian emperors until the revolt of duke Magnus in the 1070s. In 1106 emperor Heinrich V appointed Lothar of Supplinburg as duke as reward for earlier support, but Lothar nevertheless ended up opposing the emperor. On Heinrich V’s death in 1125 Lothar was chosen by the nobility as the next monarch of Germany. Germany. His son-in-law, the Welf duke duke of Bavaria Heinrich the Proud succeeded in Saxony, but his attempt to acquire the monarchy pitted him against the Hohenstaufen heirs of the Salians, who dispossessed Heinrich in 1138 and transferred the duchy to the Ascanian count Albrecht the Bear, a grandson of the last Billung duke Magnus. Magnus. Heinrich the Proud’s son Heinrich Heinrich the Lion recovered the duchy in 1142 and held it for almost four decades, until his insubordination to emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa led to his dispossession in 1180. The emperor’s intervention in 1180 effectively dismembered the duchy: Heinrich the Lion kept his personal possessions in Lower Saxony (the counties of Brunswick and Lüneburg), Westphalia was granted to the archbishops of Cologne, and Upper Saxony in the east, with the ducal title, was given back to the Ascanian family. The Ascanians divided divided into two “Saxon” branches, the dukes dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg and and the dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg, Saxe-Lauenburg, not counting the margraves of Brandenburg Brandenburg and the princes of Anhalt. The duke of Saxe Wittenberg was was pre-eminent, and and acquired the status status of elector in 1356, but the the line died out in 1422. Emperor Sigismund invested invested the Wettin margrave of Meissen with with the electorate of Saxony in 1423. With a sizeable agglomeration of possessions (Meissen, Lusatia, and Thuringia were not originally part of electoral Saxony), the Wettins effectively divided their lands between the Ernestine and Albertine branches of the family. When the Ernestine elector Johann Friedrich supported supported the Reformation, he was defeated and and deposed in 1547, and was replaced with his Catholic Catholic Albertine cousin, Moritz of Meissen. Johann Friedrich’s sons were allowed to keep the so-called so-called Saxon Duchies located located mostly on the territory of Thuringia. Thuringia. The Albertine electors of Saxony kept the electorate together and retained suzerainty over apanage branches established at Weissenfels, Merseburg, and Zeitz. Under the ambitious Friedrich August I and his heirs, the electors secured the throne of Poland twice (1697 and 1733), and became kings of Saxony in 1806, as allies of the French emperor Napoléon I Bonaparte. Bonaparte. After the defeat of France, the kingdom kingdom of Saxony was deprived of of just over half its lands (including Wittenberg and Görlitz) by Prussia. In 1866 Saxony sided with Austria against Prussia but retained its territory and joined the German Empire in 1871. 1871. The monarchy ended in 1918. Dukes of Saxony Liudolfing House 844–866 866–880 880–912 912–936 936–968 House of Billung 968–973

Liudolf … count, then duke in East Saxony Bruno … son of Liudolf Otto I, the Illustrious … son of Liudolf Heinrich I, the Fowler … … son of Otto I; German king 919–936 Otto II, the Great … … son of Heinrich I; abdicated; German king 936–973 Hermann … son of count Billung; margrave since 953, duke by 968


973–1011 Bernhard I … son of Hermann 1011–1059 1011–1059 Bernhard II … son of Bernhard I 1059–1072 1059–1072 Ordulf … son of Bernhard II 1072–1106 1072–1106 Magnus … son of Ordulf House of Supplinburg 1106–1137 1106–1137 Lothar … son of of count Gebhard of Supplinburg; Supplinburg; German German king 1125–113 1125–11377 Welf House of Este 1137–1138 1137–1138 Heinrich II, the Proud … … husband of Gertrud, daughter of Lothar; son of duke Heinrich IX of Bavaria by Wulfhild, daughter of Magnus; deposed, died 1139 Ascanian House of Brandenburg 1138–1142 Albrecht, the Bear … … son of count Otto of Ballenstedt by Eilika, daughter of Magnus; deposed; Nordmark/Brandenburg Nordmark/Brandenburg 1134–1170 1134–1170 Welf House of Este 1142–1180 1142–1180 Heinrich III, the Lion … son of Heinrich II; deposed, died 1195 (duchy broken up 1180; title to the dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg) Ascanian Dukes and Electors of Saxony or Saxe-Wittenberg (Sachsen-Wittenberg) Ascanian House of Brandenburg 1180–1212 1180–1212 Bernhard … son of duke Albrecht of Saxony 1212–1260 1212–1260 Albrecht I … son of Bernhard 1260–1282 1260–1282 Johann I … son of Albrecht I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1285 & 1260–1298 1260–1298 Albrecht II … son of Albrecht I 1298–1356 1298–1356 Rudolf I … son of Albrecht II 1356–1370 1356–1370 Rudolf II … son of Rudolf I; elector from 1356 1370–1388 1370–1388 Wenzel … son of Rudolf I 1388–1419 1388–1419 Rudolf III … son of Wenzel 1419–1422 1419–1422 Albrecht III … son of Wenzel (to the Wettin dukes of Saxony 1423) Wettin Electors of Saxony (Sachsen) House of Wettin 1423–1428 1423–1428 1428–1464 1428–1464 Ernestine Line 1464–1486 1464–1486 1486–1525 1486–1525 1525–1532 1532–1547 1532–1547 Albertine Line 1547–1553 1547–1553

1553–1586 1553–1586 1586–1591 1586–1591 1591–1611 1591–1611 1611–1656 1611–1656 1656–1680 1656–1680 1680–1691 1680–1691 1691–1694 1691–1694

Friedrich I, the Warlike … son of margrave Friedrich III of Meissen Friedrich II, the Mild … … son of Friedrich I Ernst … son of Friedrich II Friedrich III, the Wise … son of Ernst Johann, the Steadfast … … son of Ernst Johann Friedrich, the Magnanimous … son of Johann; deposed, died 1554 Moritz … son of margrave Heinrich IV of Meissen, son son of margrave Albrecht III, son of Friedrich II Albrecht … brother of Moritz Christian I … son of Albrecht Christian II … son of Christian I Johann Georg I … son of Christian I Johann Georg II … son of Johann Georg I Johann Georg III … son son of Johann Georg II Johann Georg IV … son son of Johann Georg III


1694–1733 1694–1733 1733–1763 1733–1763 1763 1763–1806 1763–1806

Friedrich August I, the Strong … … son of Johann Georg III; Poland 1697–1706, 1709–1733 Friedrich August II, the Fat … … son of Friedrich August I; also Poland Friedrich Christian … son of Friedrich August II; 74 days Friedrich August III, the Just … … son of Friedrich Christian; king of Saxony 1806–1827

1806–1827 1806–1827 1827–1836 1836–1854 1836–1854 1854–1873 1854–1873 1873–1902 1873–1902 1902–1904 1902–1904 1904–1918 1904–1918

Kings of Saxony (Sachsen) Friedrich August I, the Just … … former elector 1763–1806; Poland 1807–1815 60 Anton, the Kind … … brother of Friedrich August I Friedrich August II … son son of Maximilian, brother of Friedrich August August I; associated 1830 Johann … brother of Friedrich August II Albert … son of Johann Georg … son of Johann Friedrich August III … son of Georg; deposed, died 1932 (republic 1918)

1650–1680 1650–1680 1680–1697 1680–1697 1697–1712 1697–1712 1712–1736 1712–1736 1736–1746 1736–1746

Dukes of Saxony in Weissenfels August … son son of of elector elector Johann Johann Georg I of Saxony Johann Adolf I … son of August Johann Georg … son of Johann Adolf I Christian … son of Johann Adolf I Johann Adolf II … son son of Johann Adolf I (to Saxony 1746)

1650–1691 1650–1691 1691–1694 1691–1694 1694–1731 1694–1731 1731–1738 1731–1738

Dukes of Saxony in Merseburg Christian I … son of elector elector Johann Johann Georg I of Saxony Christian II … son of Christian I Moritz Wilhelm … son of Christian II Heinrich … son of Christian I (to Saxony 1738)

1650–1681 1650–1681 1681–1718 1681–1718

Dukes of Saxony in Zeitz Moritz … son son of of elector elector Johann Johann Georg I of Saxony Moritz Wilhelm … son of Moritz (to Saxony 1718)

Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg (Sachsen-Lauenburg) Ascanian House of Brandeburg 1203–1282 (to Denmark 1203; to Saxony 1227) 1282–1321 1282–1321 Johann II … son of duke Johann I of Saxony 61; in Mölln; to Bergedorf-Mölln 1321–1322 & 1282–1321 1282–1321 Erich I … brother of Johann Johann II; in Lauenburg and Bergedorf; Bergedorf; Ratzeburg Ratzeburg 1308; 1308; to Ratzeburg-Lauenburg 1321–1338, 1321–1338, died 1361 & 1282–1308 1282–1308 Albrecht III … brother brother of Erich I; in in Ratzeburg (division into Bergedorf-Mölln and Ratzeburg-Lauenburg 1321)

60 In

Prussian captivity during Prussian occupation of Saxony 1813–1815. 1296, the brothers Johann II, Albrecht III, and Erich I were under the regency of their uncle, duke Albrecht II of Saxony. 61 Until


1321–1322 1321–1322 1322–1343 1322–1343 1343–1356: 1343–1356: :1359–1367: :1359–1367: :1370–1401 :1370–1401

Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg in Bergedorf and Mölln Johann II … son of duke Johann Johann I of Saxony; Saxe-Lauenburg 1282–1321 1282–1321 Albrecht IV … son of Johann II Johann III … son of Albrecht IV Albrecht V … son of Albrecht IV Erich III … son of Albrecht IV (to Ratzeburg-Lauenburg 1401)

Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg in Ratzeburg and Lauenburg 1321–1338 1321–1338 Erich I … son of duke duke Johann I of Saxony; Saxony; Saxe-Lauenburg Saxe-Lauenburg 1282–1321 1282–1321;; abdicated, died 1361 1338–1368 1338–1368 Erich II … son of Erich I 1368–1412 1368–1412 Erich IV … son of Erich II; inherited inherited Bergedorf-Mölln Bergedorf-Mölln 1401 1412–1436 1412–1436 Erich V … son of Erich IV & 1412–1414 1412–1414 Johann III … son of Erich IV 1436–1463 1436–1463 Bernhard II … son of Erich IV 1463–1507 1463–1507 Johann IV … son of Bernhard II 1507–1543 1507–1543 Magnus I … son of Johann IV 1543–1581 1543–1581 Franz I … son of Magnus I 1581–1603 1581–1603 Magnus II … son of Franz I 1603–1619 1603–1619 Franz II … son of Franz I 1619–1656 1619–1656 August … son of Franz II 1656–1665 1656–1665 Julius Heinrich … son of Franz II 1665–1666 1665–1666 Franz Erdmann … son of Julius Heinrich 1666–1689 1666–1689 Julius Franz … son of Julius Heinrich Welf House of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle 1689–1705 1689–1705 Georg Wilhelm … son of duke Georg of Brunswick-Lüneburg Brunswick-Lüneburg Calenberg, Calenberg, son of duke Wilhelm II of Lüneburg-Lüneburg Lüneburg-Lüneburg by by Dorothea, daughter daughter of king Christian Christian III of Denmark by Dorothea, daughter of Magnus I Welf House of Hanover 1705–1727 1705–1727 Georg I … son of elector Ernst August August of Hanover, brother of Georg Wilhelm; Wilhelm; husband of Sophia Dorothea, daughter of Georg Wilhelm; Great Britain 1714–1727 1714–1727 1727–1760 1727–1760 Georg II … son son of Georg I; also Great Britain 1760–1803 1760–1803 Georg III … son of Friedrich Ludwig, son son of Georg II; deposed; Great Great Britain 1760–1820 1760–1820 1803–1813 1803–1813 (to France) 1813–1815 1813–1815 Georg III … restored; abdicated, died 1820 Oldenburg House of Denmark 1815–1839 1815–1839 Friedrich I … son of king Christian Christian VII of Denmark, Denmark, son of king king Frederik V by Louise, daughter of Georg II; Denmark 1808–1839; Norway 1808–1814 1839–1848 1839–1848 Christian I … son of Frederik, Frederik, son of king Frederik V of Denmark; Denmark; also Denmark 1848–1863 1848–1863 Friedrich II II … son of Christian I; also Denmark 1863–1864 1863–1864 Christian II … son of duke duke Friedrich Wilhelm of Sonderburg-Glücksburg Sonderburg-Glücksburg by Louise, Louise, daughter of landgrave Karl of Hesse-Cassel by Louise, daughter of king Frederik V of Denmark; deposed; Denmark 1863–1906 Hohenzollern House of Prussia 1864–1876 1864–1876 Wilhelm … son of king Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm III of Prussia, Prussia, son of king Friedrich Wilhelm II, son of August Wilhelm, son of king Friedrich Wilhelm I by Sophia Dorothea, daughter of Georg I; Prussia 1861–1888; German emperor 1871–1888 (union with Prussia 1876)


SAXON DUCHIES (see Thuringia) SAYN-WITTGENSTEIN

The counts of Sayn ruling north of Koblenz and east of the Rhine were descended from the counts of Sponheim and and divided into several branches. In the 14th century Salentin of Sayn-Homburg acquired the county of Wittgenstein Wittgenstein by marriage, and founded the line of Sayn-Wittgenstein. Sayn-Wittgenstein. Ludwig I of SaynSayn Wittgenstein reunited all the Sayn lands l ands under his rule, but after his death they were divided among his three sons in 1607. The senior lineages of two of these lines, Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and Sayn-WittgensteinSayn-Wittgenstein Wittgenstein, eventually eventually attained the status of imperial imperial princes in 1792 and 1804, 1804, respectively. The family was mediatized in 1806, 1806, and its possessions passed to Prussia. Prussia. The list below includes only those branches branches of the Sayn-Wittgenstein Sayn-Wittgenstein family that attained princely rank. Counts of Sayn-Homburg, then Sayn-Wittgenstein Sponheim House of Sayn 1266–c .1284 .1284 Gottfried I … son son of count Johann I of Sponheim-Starkenburg Sponheim-Starkenburg Johann I … son son of Gottfried I; to Sayn-Sayn c .1284–1324 .1284–1324 (line extinct 1606) c .1284–1336 .1284–1336 Engelbert … son of Gottfried I 1336–1354 1336–1354 Gottfried II … son of Engelbert 1361–1384 1361–1384 Salentin … son of Gottfried Gottfried II; inherited Wittgenstein; abdicated, died 1391 1391 1384–1427 Johann IV … son of Salentin 1427–1469 1427–1469 Georg I … son of Johann IV 1469–1492 Johann V … son of Johann IV 1469–1494 1469–1494 Eberhard … son of Georg I 1494–1568 1494–1568 Wilhelm I … son of Eberhard & 1494–1551 1494–1551 Johann VI … son of Eberhard 1568–1605 1568–1605 Ludwig I … son of Wilhelm I 1605–1607 1605–1607 Georg II … son of Ludwig Ludwig I; to Berleburg 1607–1631 1607–1631 & 1605–1607 1605–1607 Wilhelm II … son of Ludwig Ludwig I; to Hachenburg Hachenburg 1607–1623 1607–1623 (line continued) continued) & 1605–1607 Ludwig II … son of Ludwig I; to Wittgenstein Wittgenst ein 1607–1634 (division into Berleburg, Hachenburg, and Wittgenstein 1607)

1607–1631 1607–1631 1631–1643 1631–1643 1643–1684 1643–1684 1684–1694 1684–1694 1694–1741 1694–1741

1741–1773 1741–1773 1773–1800 1773–1800 1800–1806 1800–1806

1607–1634

Counts and Princes of Sayn-Wittgenstein in Berleburg Georg II … son of count Ludwig I of Sayn-Wittgenstein; Sayn-Wittgenstein; Sayn-Wittgenstein Sayn-Wittgenstein 1605–1607 1605–1607 Ludwig Kasimir … son of Georg II Ernst … son of Georg II; to Homburg 1631–1649 (line extinct 1743) Georg Wilhelm … son of Ludwig Kasimir Ludwig Franz I … son of Georg Wilhelm Kasimir … son of Ludwig Franz I Karl Wilhelm … son of Ludwig Franz I; to Karlsburg 1694–1749 (line continued) Ludwig Franz II … son of Ludwig Franz I; to Ludwigsburg 1694–1750 1694–1750 (line continued) Ludwig Ferdinand … son of Kasimir Christian Heinrich … son son of Ludwig Ferdinand; prince 1792 Albrecht … son of Christian Heinrich; mediatized, died 1851 (to Prussia 1806) Counts of Sayn-Wittgenstein in Wittgenstein Ludwig II … son of count Ludwig I of Sayn-Wittgenstein; Sayn-Wittge nstein; Sayn-Wittgenstein 1605–1607


1634–1657 1634–1657 1657–1683 & 1657–1698 1657–1698 1698–1723 1698–1723 1723–1735 1723–1735 1735–1756 1735–1756 1756–1796 1756–1796 1796–1806 1796–1806 & 1796–1806 1796–1806

Johann VII … son of Ludwig II Christian Christi an Ludwig … son of Johann VII Gustav Otto … son of Johann VII; in Hohenstein; abdicated, died 1701 1701 Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Johann VII; to Vallendar 1657–1685 (line extinct 1776) Heinrich Albrecht … son of Gustav Otto August David … son of Gustav Otto Friedrich I … son of August David Johann Ludwig … son of Friedrich I Friedrich II Karl … son of Johann Ludwig; prince prince 1804; 1804; mediatized, mediatized, died 1827 Wilhelm … son of Johann Johann Ludwig; Ludwig; prince 1804; 1804; mediatized, died 1851 1851 (to Prussia 1806) SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE

In 1646 count Philipp I of Lippe-Alverdissen inherited a portion of the county of Schaumburg in Angria (Lower Saxony) from his sister Elisabeth. On Philipp I’s death in 1681 his two sons divided Schaumburg and and Alverdissen, which remained remained separate until the latter line inherited the former in 1777. 1777. In 1807 the count was given the title of prince and entered the Confederation Confederation of the Rhine. Avoiding mediatization, mediatization, the county entered the German Confederation in 1815 and the German Empire in 1871, surviving until 1918. Counts and Princes of Schaumburg-Lippe House of Lippe 1646–1681 1646–1681 1681–1728 1681–1728 1728–1748 1728–1748 1748–1777 1748–1777 1777–1787 1777–1787

1787–1860 1787–1860 1860–1893 1860–1893 1893–1911 1893–1911 1911–1918 1911–1918

Philipp I … son of of count count Simon Simon VI of Lippe; Lippe; count of Schaumburg-Lippe Schaumburg-Lippe Friedrich Christian … son of Philipp I Albrecht Wolfgang … son of Friedrich Christian Wilhelm Friedrich … son of Albrecht Wolfgang Philipp II … son of count count Friedrich Ernst of Alverdissen, son of count Philipp Philipp Ernst, son of Philipp I Georg I … son of Philipp II; prince 1807 Adolf I … son of Georg I Georg II … son of Adolf I Adolf II … son of Georg II; deposed, deposed, died 1936 (to Germany 1918) SCHLEIDEN

In 1445 the lordship of Schleiden in Lower Lorraine passed by marriage to the House of Manderscheid, and remained under its control until the extinction extinction of the eldest male line in 1593. After a prolongued inheritance dispute, Schleiden passed passed to Philipp of Mark-Arenberg, Mark-Arenberg, baron of Lummen. The House of Mark held the county of Schleiden despite French occupation and an Imperial confiscation until the male line became extinct in 1773. At that point, the county was was inherited by the duke of Arenberg. Arenberg. 62 Counts of Schleiden House of Mark-Arenberg 1611–1613 1611–1613 Philipp … son of Johann Johann II, son of Johann Johann I, son son of Wilhelm, Wilhelm, son of Johann of Sedan; husband of Katharina, daughter of count Dietrich V of Manderscheid 1613–1654 1613–1654 Ernst … son of Philipp 62 Countess Luisa Margareta, daughter of Ludwig Peter, having married duke Karl Maria Raimund of

Arenberg.


1654–1674 1654–1674 1674–1680 1674–1680 1680–1682 1680–1682 1682–1701 1682–1701 1701–1750 1701–1750 1750–1773 1750–1773

Johann Friedrich … son of Ernst Franz Anton … son of Ernst Johann Berthold Franz … son son of of Franz Franz Anton; Anton; deposed, died 1697 1697 (to France 1682; to the Empire 1697) Ludwig Peter Engelbert … son of Franz Anton Ludwig Peter … son of Ludwig Peter Engelbert (to Arenberg 1773) SCHÖNBORN

The House of Schönborn family originated in the area of the Palatinate and came to govern territories in Franconia and in the Habsburg lands. lands. Philipp Erwin, who had pruchased pruchased the lordship of Heusenstamm, was promoted to baron in 1663, 1663, and his sons were made made imperial counts counts in 1701. A generation later, Rudolf Franz Franz Erwin obtained the immediate immediate lordship of Wiesentheid by marriage marriage to its heiress. Although the territory of the Schönborn state was very small, several members of the family gave it disproportionate importance, by becaming archbishops of Mainz and Trier, and bishops of Bamberg, Würzburg, Speyer, Konstanz, and Worms. In 1806 the county was mediatized in favor of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Counts of Schönborn House of Schönborn 1663–1668 1663–1668 1668–1705 1668–1705 & 1668–1717 1668–1717 1717–1754 1717–1754 & 1717–1726 1717–1726 1727–1801 1727–1801 1754–1772 1754–1772 1772–1806 1772–1806

Philipp Erwin … son son of Georg IV of of Schönborn; Schönborn; baron 1663 Johann Erwin … son son of Philipp Erwin; imperial count 1701 Melchior Friedrich … son son of of Philipp Philipp Erwin; imperial count 1701 Rudolf Franz Erwin … son son of of Melchior Melchior Friedrich; Friedrich; in Wiesentheid Anselm Franz … son of Melchior Friedrich; in Heusenstamm Eugen Franz … posthumous posthumous son of Anselm Anselm Franz; in Heusenstamm Heusenstamm Joseph Franz Bonaventura Bonaventura … son of Rudolf Rudolf Fran Erwin; in Wiesentheid Wiesentheid Damian Hugo Erwin … son of Joseph Joseph Franz Bonaventura; in Wiesentheid; Wiesentheid; inheirted Heusenstamm 1801; mediatized, died 1817 (to Bavaria 1806) SCHÖNBURG-WALDENBURG

The Saxon lords of Schönburg divided their possessions possessions among several family family lines. Some of their possessions were held directly from the emperor, while others were held from the elector of Saxony, leading to some friction over the legal status of the house. The senior family line, Schönburg-Waldenburg, Schönburg-Waldenburg, was promoted to the dignity of count in 1700, and and to that of prince in 1790. In 1806 the principality principality of Schönburg was mediatized, passing under the control of the kingdom of Saxony. Saxony. The list includes only the princely line. Counts and Princes of Schönburg in Waldenburg House of Schönburg 1681–1701 1681–1701 Otto Ludwig Ludwig … son of of Otto Otto Albrecht of Schönburg-Waldenburg Schönburg-Waldenburg-Hartenstein; -Hartenstein; count 1700 1700 Georg Albrecht … son of Otto Ludwig; to Hartenstein 1701–1716 1701–1716 (line extinct 1786) Otto Wilhelm … son of Otto Ludwig; to Lichtenstein 1701–1747 1701–1747 (line extinct 1750) 1701–1736 1701–1736 Ludwig Friedrich … son son of Otto Ludwig; in Schwarzenbach 1736–1765 1736–1765 Albrecht Karl … son of Ludwig Friedrich 1765–1800 1765–1800 Otto Karl Friedrich … son of Albrecht Karl; prince 1790


1800–1806 1800–1806

Otto Victor … son son of Otto Karl Friedrich; mediatized, died 1859 1859 (to Saxony 1806) SCHWARZBURG

The Thuringian House of Schwarzburg appeared in the first half of the 12 th century and quickly subdivided into several branches. A member of the house, Günther XXI, was elected king in 1349 but abdicated abdicated and died the same year. By the second second half of the 16th century the only remaining line was that of SchwarzburgBlankenburg. In 1583 the surviving surviving heirs of the line divided their inheritance inheritance into three branches. The lines of th Sondershausen and Rudolstadt survived until the 20 century, having obtained the rank of imperial princes in 1697 and joined joined the German Empire in 1871. In 1909 the line of Sondershausen Sondershausen became extinct and was inherited by the line of Rudolstadt. Rudolstadt. The list does not include those those branches of the family that that did not attain princely rank. The conventional conventional numbering of the rulers includes numerous non-reigning members of the family, among them clerics. Counts of Schwarzburg House of Schwarzburg :1100–c .1109 .1109 Günther I … son of count Sizzo II; count in Thuringia c .1109–1160 .1109–1160 Sizzo … son of Günther Günther I; count of Schwarzburg by 1137 1137 1160–1184 1160–1184 Heinrich I … son of Sizzo; in Schwarzburg 1169 & 1160–1197 1160–1197 Günther II … son of of Sizzo; in Käfernburg Käfernburg 1169, 1169, Schwarzburg 1184 1197–1246 1197–1246 Heinrich II … son son of Günther II; in Blankenburg Günther III … son of Günther II; to Käfernburg 1197–1218: 1197–1218: (line extinct 1385) Liudolf II … son of Günther II; to Hallermund 1197–1255 (line extinct 1411) 1246–1259 1246–1259 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II; in Leutenberg & 1246–1274 1246–1274 Günther VII … son of Heinrich II; in Blankenburg 1259–1283 1259–1283 Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich III; in in Leutenberg & 1259–1307 1259–1307 Günther VIII … son of Heinrich III; in Blankenburg 1274–1289 1274–1289 Günther IX … son of Günther VII; in Schwarzburg 1275 & 1274–1275 1274–1275 Heinrich V … son of Günther VII; to Blankenburg 1275–1285 1275–1285 & 1274–1275 1274–1275 Günther X … son of Günther Günther VII; VII; to Kranichfeld 1275–1286 1275–1286 1289–1293 1289–1293 Heinrich VI … son son of Günther IX; in Wachsenburg & 1289–1308 1289–1308 Günther XII … son of Günther IX; in Wachsenburg 1308–1357 1308–1357 Heinrich IX … son of Günther XII; in in Schwarzburg Schwarzburg 1340 & 1308–1340 1308–1340 Günther XVIII XVIII … son of Günther XII; XII; to Wachsenburg 1340–1354 1340–1354 & 1308–1326 1308–1326 Heinrich XI … son of Günther XII & 1308–1320 1308–1320 Günther XIX … son of Günther XII 1357–1382 1357–1382 Günther XXII … son son of of Heinrich Heinrich IX; in Schwarzburg 1362 & 1357–1397 1357–1397 Günther XXVII XXVII … son of of Heinrich Heinrich IX; in Ilmenau Ilmenau 1362–1382 1362–1382 & 1357–1362 1357–1362 Heinrich XV … son of Heinrich IX; to Leutenberg 1362–1402 1362–1402 (to Wachsenburg 1397)

1362–1402 1362–1402 1402–1438 1402–1438 & 1402–c .1440 .1440 & 1402–1435 1402–1435 1438–1463 1438–1463

Counts of Schwarzburg in Leutenberg Heinrich XV … son of count Heinrich Heinrich IX of Schwarzburg; Schwarzburg; Schwarzburg 1357–1362 1357–1362 Heinrich XXII … son of Heinrich XV Günther XXXIV … son of Heinrich XV Sighard II … son of Heinrich XV Heinrich XXV … son of Heinrich XXII


1463–1521 1463–1521 1521–1555 1521–1555 1555–1560 1555–1560 & 1555–1564 1555–1564

Balthasar II … son of Heinrich Heinrich XXV; abdicated, died 1525 1525 Johann Heinrich … son of Balthasar II Sighard III … son of Johann Heinrich Philipp I … son of Johann Heinrich (to Schwarzburg-Blankenburg Schwarzburg-Blankenburg 1564)

1340–1354 1340–1354 1354–1407 1354–1407 & 1354–1362 1354–1362 & 1354–1367 1354–1367 1407–1450 1407–1450

Counts of Schwarzburg in Wachsenburg Günther XVIII XVIII … son of Günther Günther XII of Schwarzburg; Schwarzburg; Schwarzburg Schwarzburg 1308–1340 Johann II … son of Günther XVIII Günther XXVI … son of Günther XVIII; inherited Schwarzburg 1397 Sighard I … son of Günther XVIII Günther XXXII … son of Günther Günther XXX, son of Johann II (to Schwarzburg-Blankenburg Schwarzburg-Blankenburg 1450)

1275–1285 1275–1285 1285–1324 1285–1324 & 1285–1352 1285–1352 1324–1336 1324–1336 & 1324–1349 1324–1349 1336–1372 1336–1372 & 1336–1368 1336–1368 1349–1357 1349–1357 1368–1413 1368–1413 & 1368–1416 1368–1416 1372–1385 1372–1385 & 1372–1418 1372–1418 1416–1444 1416–1444 1444–1488 1444–1488 1488–1493 1488–1493 & 1488–1531 1488–1531 & 1488–1522 1488–1522 1491–1524 1491–1524 1524–1552 & 1524–1528 1524–1528 & 1524–1537 1531–1538 1552–1583 1552–1583 & 1552–1571 1552–1571 & 1552–1571 & 1552–1571 1552–1571

Counts of Schwarzburg in Blankenburg Heinrich V … son son of Günther VII; Schwarzburg 1274–1275 1274–1275 Heinrich VII … son of Heinrich V Günther XV … son of Heinrich V Heinrich X … son of Heinrich VII Günther XXI … son of Heinrich VII; German German king 1349 Heinrich XII … son of Heinrich X; in Sondershausen Günther XXV … son son of Heinrich X; in Frankenhausen Heinrich XIII … son of Günther XXI Heinrich XX … son of Günther XXV; in Frankenhausen Günther XXIX XXIX … son of Günther XXV; XXV; in Frankenhausen; Frankenhausen; in retirement 1376–1413 1376–1413 Heinrich XVIII … son of Heinrich XII; in Sondershausen and Rudolstadt Rudolstadt Günther XXVIII XXVIII … son of Heinrich Heinrich XII; XII; in Ranis; Rudolstadt 1385 Heinrich XXIV, the Warlike … son of Günther XXIX Heinrich XXVI … son of Heinrich XXIV Günther XXXVI XXXVI … son of Heinrich Heinrich XXVI; XXVI; in Rudolstadt; abdicated, died 1503 1503 Günther XXXIX … son of Heinrich XXVI; in Blankenburg Blankenburg Heinrich XXX … son of Heinrich Heinrich XXVI; in Blankenburg Heinrich XXXI XXXI … son of Günther XXXVIII, XXXVIII, son son of Heinrich XXVI; abdicated, abdicated, died 1526 Günther XL, Fatmouth … son of Heinrich XXXI Heinrich XXXIII … son of Heinrich Heinrich XXXI; in Keula Heinrich XXXIV … son of Heinrich XXXI Heinrich XXXII … son of Günther XXXIX Günther XLI, the Wrangler … … son of Günther XL Johann Günther I … son of of Günther Günther XL; to Sondershausen Sondershausen 1571–1586 1571–1586 Wilhelm … son of Günther XL; to Frankenhausen Frankenhaus en 1571–1597 Albrecht VII … son of Günther Günther XL; to Rudolstadt Rudolstadt 1571–15 1571–1586 86 (division into Sondershausen, Frankenhausen, and Rudolstadt 1583)

1571–1586 1571–1586 1586–1643 1586–1643 & 1586–1638 1586–1638

Counts of Schwarzburg in Sondershausen Johann Günther Günther I … son of count Günther XL XL of Blanenburg; Blankenburg 1552–1571 1552–1571 Günther XLII … son of Johann Günther I Anton Heinrich … son son of Johann Günther I


& 1586–1631 1586–1631 & 1586–1642 1586–1642 1642–1666 1642–1666 & 1642–1666 1642–1666 & 1642–1681 1642–1681 1666–1669 1666–1669 1666–1721 1666–1721 & 1666–1716 1666–1716 1721–1740 1721–1740 1740–1758 1758–1794 1758–1794 1794–1835 1794–1835 1835–1880 1835–1880 1880–1909 1880–1909

1571–1605 1571–1605 1605–1630 1605–1630 & 1605–1646 1605–1646 & 1605–1634 1605–1634 1646–1710 1646–1710 1710–1718 1710–1718 1718–1744 1718–1744 1744–1767 1744–1767 1767–1790 1767–1790 1790–1793 1790–1793 1793–1807 1793–1807 1807–1867 1807–1867 1867–1869 1867–1869 1869–1890 1869–1890 1890–1918 1890–1918

Johann Günther II … son of Johann Johann Günther I Christian Günther I … son son of Johann Günther I Christian Günther II, the Pious … son of Christian Günther I; in Arnstadt Anton Günther Günther I … son of Christian Christian Günther Günther I; in Sondershausen Sondershausen Ludwig Günther Günther II … son of Christian Günther I; in Ebeleben; Ebeleben; Arnstadt 1669 Johann Günther IV … son of Christian Günther II; in Arnstadt Christian Wilhelm … son of Anton Günther Günther I; in Sondershausen; Sondershausen; Arnstadt Arnstadt and and Ebeleben 1716; prince 1697 Anton Günther Günther II … son of Anton Günther I; in Sondershausen; Sondershausen; Arnstadt Arnstadt and Ebeleben 1681; prince 1697 Günther XLIII … son of Christian Wilhelm Heinrich XXXV … son of Christian Wilhelm Christian Günther III … son of August, son of Christian Wilhelm Günther Friedrich Friedrich Karl I … son of of Christian Christian Günther Günther III; deposed, died died 1837 1837 Günther Friedrich Friedrich Karl Karl II … son of Günther Günther Friedrich Karl I; abdicated, died 1889 1889 Karl Günther II … son son of Günther Friedrich Karl II (to Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt 1909) Counts of Schwarzburg in Rudolstadt Albrecht VII … son of count count Günther Günther XL of Blankenburg; Blankenburg; Blankenburg 1552–1571 1552–1571 Karl Günther I … son of Albrecht VII; in Kranichfeld Ludwig Günther I … son of Albrecht VII; VII; in Leutenberg Albrecht Günther … son of Albrecht VII; in Ilmenau Albrecht Anton Anton … son son of of Ludwig Ludwig Günther Günther I; prince 1697 Ludwig Friedrich I … son of Albrecht Anton Friedrich Anton … son of Ludwig Friedrich I Johann Friedrich … son of Friedrich Anton Ludwig Günther IV … son of Ludwig Friedrich I Friedrich Karl Karl … son of Ludwig Günther IV; associated associated 1767 Ludwig Friedrich II … son of Friedrich Karl Günther I … son of Ludwig Friedrich II Albert … son of Ludwig Friedrich II Georg … son of Albert Günther II … son of Adolf, son of Karl, son of Friedrich Friedrich Karl; deposed, died 1925 (to Germany 1918) SCHWARZENBERG

A branch of the comital family of Seinsheim, the lords of Schwarzenberg attained the rank of imperial count in 1599. In 1642 Johann Adolf succeeded a distant cousin as count of of Hohenlandsberg, and in 1670 he was promoted to prince. The princely county of Schwarzenberg in Franconia and the princely landgraviate of Klettgau in Swabia qualified qualified the family to a place among among the secular princes of the Holy Roman Roman Empire. At the dissolution of the Empire the family was mediatized, and Schwarzenberg passed to Bavaria, while Klettgau passed to Bade. Bade. Counts and Princes of Schwarzenberg Seinsheim House of Schwarzenberg 1599–1600 1599–1600 Adolf … son son of Wilhelm II of of Schwarzenberg; count


1600–1625 1600–1625 1625–1683 1625–1683 1683–1703 1683–1703 1703–1732 1703–1732 1732–1782 1732–1782 1782–1789 1789–1806 1789–1806

Adam … son of Adolf; abdicated, died 1641 Johann Adolf … son of of Adam; Adam; count of Hohenlandsberg Hohenlandsberg 1642; prince 1670 Ferdinand Wilhelm Wilhelm Eusebius Eusebius … son of Johann Johann Adolf; Adolf; landgrave landgrave of of Klettgau Klettgau 1696 1696 Adam Franz Franz … son of of Ferdinand Ferdinand Wilhelm Wilhelm Eusebius; Eusebius; duke of Krumau Krumau 1723 1723 Joseph I Adam … son of Adam Franz Johann … son of Joseph Adam Joseph II Johann Johann … son of Johann; Johann; mediatized, died 1833 1833 (Schwarzenberg to Bavaria, Klettgau to Bade 1806) SCHWEINFURT

The margraves of Schweinfurt were descended from the Luitpolding dukes of Bavaria and managed to secure for themselves a portion of eastern Franconia and northern Bavaria (the Bavarian Nordgau), even after the duchy had passed into the hands hands of other noble lineages. Margrave Otto served as duke of of Swabia, but on his death in 1057 his lands were divided divided among his daughters. Schweinfurt itself passed to Otto’s Otto’s son-in-law, the Ezzonid Heinrich, both of whose sons became clergymen, resulting in the extinction of the male line in 1112. The last count, a bishop of Eichstätt, left his holdings to his bishopric. Margraves of Schweinfurt Luitpolding House of Bavaria c .940–980 .940–980 Berthtold … son of (?) duke duke Arnulf of Bavaria; Bavaria; margrave of Nordau Nordau 976? 976? 980–1017 Heinrich I ( Hezilo) … son of Berthold; margrave of Nordgau until 1004 1017–1057 Otto, the White … son of Heinrich; duke of Swabia 1048–1057 Ezzonid House of Lorraine 1057–1078 1057–1078 Heinrich II … husband of Beatrix, Beatrix, daughter of Otto; son of (?) duke Otto II of Swabia 1078–1104 1078–1104 Konrad … son of Heinrich II 1104–1112 1104–1112 Eberhard … son of Heinrich II; bishop bishop of Eichstätt (to the bishopric of Eichstätt 1112) SINZENDORF-ERNSTBRUNN

The Austrian/Bavarian baron of Sinzendorf and Ernstbrunn purchased the burgraviate of Rheineck and was promoted to imperial count in 1653. By the Treaty of Lunéville in 1801, Prosper of Sinzendorf lost Rheineck to France (it was recovered by Prussia in 1815), and was compensated with the title of prince and a new burgraviate at Winterrieden, Winterrieden, carved out of the lands lands of the Ochsenhausen abbey abbey in 1803. In 1806 the principality was was mediatized and passed to Bavaria. Counts and Princes of Sinzendorf-Ernstbrunn House of Sinzendorf 1653–1677 1653–1677 1677–1706 1677–1706 1706–1713 1706–1713 1713–1747 1713–1747 1747–1756 1747–1756 1756–1773 1756–1773 1773–1806 1773–1806

Rudolf … son of August of Sinzendorf-Ernstbrunn; Sinzendorf-Ernstbrunn; burgrave burgrave of Rheineck and and count 1653 Theodor … son of Rudolf Otto Heinrich … son of Rudolf Siegmund Rudolf … son of Rudolf Prosper Anton Anton … son of Johann Weikhard, son of Johann Joachim, brother of Rudolf Wenzel Johann Eustach … son of Prosper Anton Prosper … son of of Wenzel Johann Eustach; prince 1803; 1803; mediatized, died 1822 1822 (to Bavaria 1806)


SOLMS

The ancient comital house of Solms in the Wetterau north of Frankfurt ruled districts surrounded by the holdings of Nassau and Hesse-Darmstadt by the 12 th century. The counts of of Solms divided divided into two main branches in 1409: Braunfels and Hohensolms Hohensolms (Upper Solms). The count of Solms-Braunfels Solms-Braunfels was promoted to prince in 1742, that that of Hohensolms in 1792. When both lines were mediatized mediatized in 1806, their their possessions were divided between Nassau and Hesse-Darmstadt. Hesse-Darmstadt. The list includes only those lines that attained princely rank. Counts and Princes of Solms in Braunfels House of Solms :1312–1347: :1312–1347: :1349–1361 :1349–1361 & :1349–c .1410 .1410 c .1410–1459 .1410–1459 & c .1410–1436 .1410–1436 1459–1504 1459–1504 1504–1547 1504–1547 1547–1581 1547–1581 1581–1592 1581–1592 1592–1607 1592–1607 & 1592–1635 1592–1635 & 1592–1607 1592–1607 & 1592–1607 1592–1607 1635 1635–1676 1635–1676 1676–1724 1676–1724 1724–1761 1724–1761 1761–1783 1761–1783 1783–1806 1783–1806

1436–1457 1436–1457 1457–1477 1477–1483 & 1477–1544 1477–1544 1544–1562 1544–1562 & 1544–1548 1544–1548 1562–1600 1562–1600 1600–1613 1600–1613 1613–1635 1613–1635 1635–1665 1635–1665 1665–1668 1665–1668 1668 1668–1707 1668–1707 1707–1744 1707–1744 1744–1803 1744–1803

Bernhard I … son of count Heinrich IV of of Solms-Braunfels Solms-Braunfels Heinrich VI … son of Bernhard I Otto I … son of Bernhard I Bernhard II … son of Otto I Johann … son of Otto I; to Hohesolms-Lich Hohesolms- Lich 1436–1457 Otto II … son of Bernhard II Bernhard III … son of Otto II Philipp … son of Bernhard III Konrad … son of Philipp Johann Albrecht Albrecht I … son of Konrad; to Braunfels 1607–1623 1607–1623 (line (line extinct 1693) Wilhelm I … son of Konrad; in Greiffenstein 1607 Otto III … son of Konrad; to Hungen Hungen 1607–1610 1607–1610 Reinhard … son of Konrad; Konrad; to Hungen 1607–1630 (line extinct extinct 1678) 1678) Johann Konrad … son of Wilhelm I Wilhelm II … son of Wihelm I Wilhelm Moritz … son of Wilhelm II; inherited Braunfels and Hungen Hungen 1693 Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Wilhelm Moritz; prince 1742 Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst … son of Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm Christian Karl … son of Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm Ernst; Ernst; mediatized, mediatized, died 1837 (divided between Nassau and Hesse-Darmstadt 1806) Counts of Hohensolms, then Lich; Princes of Hohensolms-Lich Johann I … son of count count Otto I of Solms-Braunfels; Solms-Braunfels; Braunfels Braunfels c .1410–1436 .1410–1436 Konrad ( Kuno) … son of Johann Johann II … son of Konrad Philipp … son of Konrad Reinhard I … son of Philipp Friedrich Magnus Magnus I … son of Otto, son of Philipp; to Laubach 1548–1561 1548–1561 (line continued) continued) Ernst I … son of Reinhard I; to Lich 1562–1590 (line extinct 1718) 1718) Eberhard … son of Reinhard I Hermann Adolf … son of Reinhard I Philipp Reinhard I … son of Hermann Adolf Philipp Reinhard II … son of Philipp Reinhard I Karl Ludwig … son of Philipp Reinhard II Johann Heinrich Christian … son of Philipp Reinhard II Ludwig I … son of Philipp Reinhard II Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm … son of Ludwig Ludwig I; inherited inherited Lich Lich 1718 1718 Karl Christian … son of Friedrich Wilhelm; prince 1792


1803–1806 1803–1806

Karl Ludwig Ludwig August August … son of Karl Christian; mediatized, died 1807 1807 (divided between Nassau and Hesse-Darmstadt 1806) SPONHEIM

The counts of Sponheim in the westernmost part of Franconia rose to prominence in the 11 th and 12th centuries. A branch of the family settled in lower Bavaria Bavaria and temporarily temporarily controlled of Carinthia, Carniola, Carniola, and Istria, its descendents ruled as counts of Ortenberg/Ortenburg Ortenberg/Ortenburg until 1805. 1805. The Franconian line of the family divided into three lines in the 1230s: the counts of Starkenburg, the counts of Kreuznach, and the lords of Heinsberg. Through a further subdivision, the line of Starkenburg Starkenburg also produced that of the counts of Sayn Wittgenstein in 1266. On the extinction of the male line of Kreuznach in 1417, most of that county reverted to that of Starkenburg; on the extinction of the male line of Starkenburg, its possessions passed by inheritance to the margraves of Bade and the counts of Veldenz (succeeded by a line of the Wittlesbachs of the Palatinate). Other counties whose rulers came from the House of Sponheim included Looz, Lower Salm, and Vianden. Counts of Sponheim House of Sponheim ?–c .1044 .1044 c .1044–1065 .1044–1065 1065–c .1080 .1080 c .1080–1118 .1080–1118 1118–c .1135 .1135 c .1135– .1135– c .1159 .1159 c .1159–1183: .1159–1183: :1187–:1192 :1192–1197: :1192–1197:

:1200–1218 :1200–1218 1218– c .1233 .1233 & 1218–c .1233 .1233 & 1218–c .1233 .1233

c .1233–1266 .1233–1266

1266–1289 1266–1289 1289–1324 1289–1324 1324–1398 1398–1413: 1398–1413: :1414–1437

Eberhard … son of Hedwig; count of Sponheim Siegfried … son of (?) Eberhard; margrave margrave of the Hungarian March 1045–1048 1045–1048 Stephan I … brother of (?) Siegfried Stephan II … son of Stephan I Meginhard … son of Stephan II Gottfried I … son of Meginhard Gottfried II … son of Gottfried I Walram … son of Gottfried II Heinrich … son of Gottfried II; associated :1192 + Albrecht … son of Gottfried II; associated :1192–1197: + Ludwig … son of Gottfried II; associated :1192–1193: :1192–1193: Gottfried III … son of Gottfried II; associated associated :1192 Johann … son of Gottfried III; to Starkenburg c .1233–1266 .1233–1266 Heinrich … son of Gottfried III; to Heinsberg c .1233–1259 .1233–1259 Simon … son of Gottfried III; to Kreuznach c .1233–1264 .1233–1264 (division into Starkenburg and Kreuznach c .1233 .1233 63) Counts of Sponheim in Starkenburg (Hind-County: 1/3 of Sponheim) Johann I … son son of count Gottfried Gottfried III of Sponheim; Sponheim; Sponheim 1218–1233; 1218–1233; inherited Sayn 1247 Heinrich I … son of Johann I Johann II … son of Heinrich I Johann III, the Blind … … son of Heinrich II, son of Johann II Johann IV … son of Johann III Johann V … son of Johann IV (divided between Bade and Veldenz 1437 64)

63 The partition took place sometime between 1223 and 1237, likely in

c .1233, .1233, when Heinrich became lord of

Heinsberg by marrying its heiress Agnes of Cleves. marriage of Johann IV’s daughter Mechthild with margrave Rudolf VI of Bade (represented by their grandson Jakob I of Bade), and of her sister Loretta with count Heinrich III of Veldenz (represented by their son Friedrich III of Veldenz).

64 The partition was based on the


c .1233–1264 .1233–1264 1264–1291 & 1264–1277 1264–1277 & 1264–127 1264–12777 1291–1340 1291–1340 & 1291–1336 1291–1336 1336–1380 1336–1380 & 1336–1348 1336–1348 1380–1414 1414–1417 1414–1417

Counts of Sponheim in Kreuznach (Fore-County: 2/3 of Sponheim) Simon I … son of count Gottfried Gottfried III of Sponheim; Sponheim 1223– c .1233 .1233 Johann I, the Lame … son of Simon I; in Kreuznach Heinrich I … son of Simon Simon I; in Tannenfels; Tannenfels; to Bolanden Bolanden 1277–1310 1277–1310 (line (line extinct 1383) Eberhard … son of Simon Simon I ; to Neef 1277– 1277– c .1303 .1303 (line extinct 1349) Johann II … son of Johann I; in in Kreuznach Simon II … son of Johann I; in in Kastellaun Walram … son son of of Simon Simon II; in Kastellaun; Kreuznach 1340 Johann III … son son of Simon II; in Kastellaun Simon III … son of Walram; count of Vianden as husband of Maria of Vianden 1348 Elisabeth … daughter of Simon III; widow widow of Ruprecht Pipan of the Palatinate, son of king Ruprecht (4/5 of Kreuznach to Starkenburg 1414; 1/5 of Kreuznach to the Palatinate 1417) 1417) STEINFURT

The small lordship of Steinfurt, originally a Saxon vassal, passed by marriage to Eberwin V of Götterswick in 1421, the same year when he inherited the county of Bentheim. These fiefs were repeatedly divided, reunited, and exchanged among members of the family. From 1803 Steinfurt and Bentheim were were united under the same count, but in 1806 they were mediatized in favor of Berg, and in 1813 of Prussia. Lords and Counts of Steinfurt House of Steinfurt :1315–1360 :1315–1360 1360–1394: 1360–1394: :1395–1421 :1395–1421 House of Götterswick 1421–1454 1421–1454 1454–1466 1454–1466 1466–1498 1466–1498 1498–1553 1498–1553 1553–1566 1553–1566 1566–1606 1566–1606 1606–1632 1606–1632 1632–1643 1632–1643 1643–1668 1643–1668 1668–1693 1668–1693 1693–1713 1693–1713 1713–1733 1713–1733 1733–1780 1733–1780 1780–1806 1780–1806 1806–1813 1806–1813 1813

Liudolf VII … son of Liudolf VI of Steinfurt Balduin III … son of Liudolf VII Liudolf VIII … son of Balduin III Eberwin I … husband of Mechthild, Mechthild, daughter of Liudolf Liudolf VIII; son of Arnold III of Götterswick Götterswick Arnold I … son of Eberwin I Eberwin II … son of Arnold I Arnold II … son of Eberwin II Arnold III … son of Arnold II Arnold IV … son of count count Eberwin Eberwin III of Bentheim, Bentheim, son of Arnold II Wilhelm Heinrich … son of Arnold III Arnold Jobst … son of Arnold III Philipp Konrad … son of Arnold Jobst Arnold Moritz Moritz Wilhelm Wilhelm … son of Philipp Konrad; to Bentheim Bentheim 1693–1701 1693–1701 Ernst … son of count Ernst Ernst Wilhelm Wilhelm of of Bentheim, Bentheim, son of Arnold Jobst Jobst Friedrich Karl … son of Ernst Karl Paul Ernst … son of Friedrich Karl Ludwig … son of Karl Paul Ernst; deposed (to Berg; to France 1810) Ludwig … restored; mediatized, died 1817 (to Prussia 1813)


STOLBERG

The Saxon counts of Stolberg expanded their lands by inheriting the counties of Wernigerode, Königstein, Rochefort, and and Schwarza. Schwarza. In the mid-16th century the family subdivided into several lines, which remained vassals of Saxony (for (for Stolberg), Brandenburg (for Wernigerode) Wernigerode) and Brunswick (for Hohnstein). Hohnstein). The Gedern branch of the family attained princely princely rank in 1742. In 1806 the principality was was mediatized in favor of HesseDarmstadt. The other Stolberg lands passed to Saxony, and after 1815 were reunited reunited under Prussian rule. Counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode and Princes of Gedern House of Stolberg 1429–1455 1429–1455 1455–1511 1455–1511 1511–1538 1511–1538 1538–1552 1538–1552 & 1538–1574 1538–1574 & 1538–1572 1538–1572 & 1538–1587 1538–1587 & 1538–1581 1538–1581 1552–1606 1552–1606 & 1552–1577 1552–1577 & 1552–1612 1552–1612 & 1552–1615 1552–1615 1572–1583 1572–1583 1572–1618 1572–1618 & 1572–1638 1572–1638 1612–1631 1612–1631 1618–1641 1618–1641 1638–1672 1638–1672 & 1638–1645 1638–1645 1672–1710 1672–1710 & 1672–1710 1672–1710 1710–1767 1710–1767

1767–1804 1767–1804

1710–1771 1710–1771 1771–1778 1771–1778 1778–1806 1778–1806

1645–1669 1645–1669 1669–1704 1669–1704 & 1669–1684 1669–1684

Botho I … son of count count Heinrich Heinrich of Stolberg; inherited inherited Wernigerode Wernigerode 1429 Heinrich I, the Elder … … son of Botho I Botho II … son of Heinrich Heinrich I; inherited Königstein 1535 Wolfgang … son of Botho II; in Stolberg Ludwig … son of Botho Botho II; in Königstein; Königstein; inherited Wertheim 1557 Heinrich II … son of of Botho II; in Wernigerode; inherited Schwarza Schwarza 1549 Albrecht Georg … son of Botho II; in Schwarza Christoph I … son of Botho Botho II; in Königstein, Königstein, Gedern, and Ortenberg Ortenberg Wolf Ernst … son of Wolfgang; in Wernigerode Botho III … son of Wolfgang Johann … son son of Wolfgang; in Stolberg 1571 Heinrich III … son of Wolfgang; Wolfgang; in Hohenstein Hohenstein 1571 Botho IV … son of Heinrich II Ludwig Georg … son of Heinrich II; in in Ortenberg Christoph II … son of Heinrich Heinrich II; in Wernigerode; Wernigerode; Stolberg 1631 1631 Wolfgang Georg … son of Johann; in Stolberg Heinrich Volrad … son of Ludwig Georg; in Ortenburg Heinrich Ernst I … son of Christoph II Johann Martin I … son of of Christoph Christoph II; to Stolberg 1645–1669 1645–1669 Ernst … son of Heinrich Ernst I; in Ilsenburg Ludwig Christian … son of Heinrich Ernst I; in Gedern Friedrich Karl Karl … son of Ludwig Christian; prince of Gedern 1742 Christian Ernst … son of Ludwig Christian; to Wernigerode 1710–1771 1710–1771 Heinrich August … son of Ludwig Christian; to Schwarza 1710–1748 Karl Heinrich … son of Christian Karl, son of Friedrich Karl (to Wernigerode 1804) Counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode in Wernigerode Christian Ernst Ernst … son of count Ludwig Ludwig Christian Christian of Gedern; inherited inherited Schwarza Schwarza 1748 1748 Heinrich Ernst II … son of Christian Ernst Christian Friedrich … son of Heinrich Ernst II; prince of Gedern Gedern 1804; 1804; mediatized mediatized (Schwarza 1809), died 1824 (to Hesse-Darmstadt 1806; to Westphalia 1807; to Prussia 1815) Counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode in Stolberg Johann Martin … son of count Christoph II of Stolberg-Wernigerode Stolberg-Wernigerode Christoph Ludwig I … son of Johann Martin Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Johann Martin


1704–1738 1704–1738 1738–1761 1738–1761 1761–1803 1761–1803

1704–1739 1704–1739 1739–1768 1739–1768 1768–1778 1768–1778 1778–1803 1778–1803

Christoph Friedrich Friedrich … son of Christoph Christoph Ludwig Ludwig I; Prussian vassal 1714 Christoph Ludwig Ludwig II … son of of Christoph Christoph Friedrich; Saxon vassal 1738 Karl Ludwig … son son of of Christoph Christoph Ludwig II; mediatized, mediatized, died 1815 1815 (to Saxony 1803; to Prussia 1815) Counts of Stolberg-Rossla (Roßla) Jost Christian Christian … son of count Christoph Christoph Ludwig Ludwig I of of Stolberg; Saxon vassal vassal 1738 1738 Friedrich Botho … son of Jost Christian Heinrich Christian Friedrich … son son of Friedrich Botho; abdicated, died 1810 Johann Wilhelm Christoph … son of Friedrich Botho; mediatized, mediatized, died 1826 1826 (to Saxony 1803; to Prussia 1815) SULZBACH

The counts of Sulzbach in northern Bavaria (the Nordgau) were descended from the Babenberg dukes of Swabia. They partly replaced the the extinct margraves margraves of Schweinfurt Schweinfurt as leaders in the region. Count Gebhard III was brother-in-law to two emperors, Konrad III of Hohenstaufen and Manouēl I Komnēnos. On the extinction of the male line in 1188, 1188, Sulzbach was inhabited inhabited by the counts of Hirschberg. When that lineage became extinct in 1305, Sulzbach passed to Bavaria by agreement, eventually becoming part of the possessions of the Palatinate branch of the House of Wittelsbach. For the line of the Palatinate-Sulzbach, see there. Counts of Sulzbach Babenberg House of Swabia c .1038– .1038– c .1071 .1071 Gebhard I … son son of duke Hermann IV of Swabia c .1071–1085 .1071–1085 Gebhard II … son of Gebhard I 1085–1125 1085–1125 Berengar I … son of Gebhard II 1125–1188 1125–1188 Gebhard III … son of Berengar I + Berengar II … son of Gebhard III; associated c .1154–1167 .1154–1167 House of Hirschberg 1188–1230 1188–1230 Gebhard IV … son of count count Gerhard I of Hirschberg by Sophie, daughter daughter of Gebhard III & 1188–1191: 1188–1191: Gerhard I … brother of Gebhard IV 1191:–1249 1191:–1249 Gebhard V … son of Gerhard I & 1191:–1225 1191:–1225 Gerhard II … son of Gerhard I 1230–1245 1230–1245 Gebhard VI … son of Gebhard IV & 1230–1275 1230–1275 Gebhard VII … son of Gebhard IV 1275–1278 1275–1278 Gerhard III … son of Gebhard VII & 1275–1305 1275–1305 Gebhard VIII … son of Gebhard VII (to Bavaria 1305; to the Palatinate 1329; union with Bavaria 1777) SUNDGAU / UPPER ALSACE (OBER-ELSASS)

Under the Merovingian and Carolingian kings of the Franks, the region of Alsace (Elsaß) west of the Rhine was entrusted to dukes, mostly from the Etichonid family. Although the Etichonids seem to have retained their regional importance as counts in both Upper Alsace (Sundgau) and Lower Alsace (Nordgau), they lost the ducal office in 742. Hugo, a bastard son of king Lothar Lothar II of Lorraine, was invested as duke by his father father in 867, but was blinded and deposed by his cousin Karl III the Fat in 885. Subsequently Alsace was attached to the duchy of Swabia. A line of Etichonid-descended counts counts named Hugo and Liutfried Liutfried emerged as hereditary th rulers in most of Sundgau by the early 9 century. After 1000 these were were replaced by obscure and apparently apparently unrelated rulers. Gradually most of the area came to be dominated dominated by the counts of Habsburg and of Ferrette


(Pfirt). By 1186 the counts of Habsburg had become landgraves in Upper Alsace. From their SwabianSwabianAlsatian lands, the Habsburgs went on to become a leading power in central Europe after the election of Rudolf IV German king as Rudolf I in 1273, and his establishment of the family in the duchies of Austria and Styria on the other end of the Holy Roman Roman Empire. In local terms, Habsburg control control of the Sundgau was enhanced by inheriting Ferrette in 1324. 1324. The Sundgau remained a Habsburg Habsburg possession as part of Inner Inner or Further Austria until the Thirty Years War, when it was occupied occupied by Sweden and then France. In 1648 the Treaty of Westphalia confirmed French possession; it was German again in 1871–1918 and 1940–1945. Counts of Habsburg, counts in Sundgau, landgraves of Upper Alsace House of Habsburg :953–959: :976–991 991–1045 & 991–1063 1045–:1055 1045–:1055 & 1045–:1050 1045–:1050 & 1045–1096 1045–1096 1096–1111 1096–1111 & 1096–1140 1096–1140 1111–1167 1111–1167 1167–1199 1167–1199 1199–1232 1232–1239 1232–1239 & 1232–1232: 1232–1232: 1239–1283 1239–1283 1283–1290 1283–1290

Guntram, the Rich … son of (?) count Hugo III of Nordgau Landolt … son of (?) count Guntram Radbot … son of Landolt; count in Klettgau Rudolf I … son of Landolt; count in Sundgau Otto I … son of Radbot Albrecht I … son of Radbot Werner I … son of Radbot Otto II … son of Werner I; count in Sundgau; Sundgau; count of Habsburg Habsburg by 1108 Albrecht II … son of Werner I Werner II … son of Otto II Albrecht III, the Rich … son of Werner II; landgrave in Upper Alsace by 1186 Rudolf II, the Goodly … son of Albrecht III Albrecht IV, the Wise … son of Rudolf II Rudolf III, the Silent … … son of Rudolf II; to Laufenburg :1239–1249 :1239–1249 Rudolf IV (I) … son of Albrecht IV; German king king 1273–1291 1273–1291;; Austria 1276–1282 1276–1282 Rudolf V … son of Rudolf IV; Austria 1282–1283 1282–1283 (union with Austria 1290; to Inner Austria 1379; to Inner Austria-Tyrol Austria-Tyrol 1406; to Austria 1493; to Further Austria 1564; occupied by Sweden 1631; by France 1634; to France 1648) SWABIA (SCHWABEN)

The tribal duchy of Swabia, named after the Suebi, and also known as Alamannia after the Alamanni, was one of the three main components of the East Frankish kingdom in the 9 th century. Its two components, Swabia proper and upland Raetia came to be dominated by the comital families of the Alahofings and Hunfridings by the end of the century, and it was from these families families that the first dukes of Swabia Swabia emerged. From c .925, .925, Swabia also included Alsace Alsace (Elsaß) west of the Rhine. Through royal appointments, appointments, the duchy passed into the hands of royal sons and in-laws on numerous occasions, until the longer rule of the Hohenstaufen from 1079 to 1268. However, the new ducal dynasty dynasty was unable to preserve the territorial territorial integrity of the duchy, where rival families, most notably that of the dukes of Zähringen, were able to carve out their practically autonomous principalities. On the extinction extinction of the Hohenstaufen Hohenstaufen in 1268, 1268, the title to the duchy passed passed to the crown while the region continued to be fragmented fragmented among feudal principalities. principalities. The ducal authority of the two Habsburg Habsburg dukes of Swabia in 1283–1309 1283–1309 was almost almost entirely notional. Like neighboring Franconia Franconia to the north, the duchy of Swabia now disintegrated disintegrated completely. By early modern times the region was divided among among many lordships and principalities, including Bade, Hohenzollern, Württember, and various Habsburg possessions (Farther Austria). The southernmost portions of the old duchy were gradually taken over by Switzerland. Switzerland. Dukes of Swabia Alaholfing House of Swabia 915–917 Erchanger … son of count Berchtold


Hunfriding House of Raetia 917–926 Burkhard I … son of margrave Burkhard of Raetia Conradine House of Franconia 927–948 Hermann I … married married Reglindis, Reglindis, widow of Burkhard Burkhard I; son of duke Gebhard Gebhard of Lorraine Liudolfing House of Saxony 949–953 Liudolf … husband of Ida, daughter of Hermann I; son of emperor Otto I; deposed, died died 957 Hunifriding House of Raetia 954–973 Burkhard II … son of Burkhard I Liudolfing House of Saxony 973–982 Otto I … son of Liudolf Conradine House of Franconia 982–997 Konrad I … son of (?) Gebhard, son son of count Udo Udo of Wetterau, brother of Hermann I 65 997–1003 Hermann II … son of Konrad I 1003–1012 Hermann III … son of Hermann II Babenberg House of Austria 1012–1015 1012–1015 Ernst I … husband of Gisela, Gisela, daughter of Hermann Hermann II; son of margrave Leopold I of Austria 1015–1030 1015–1030 Ernst II … son of Ernst I 1030–1038 1030–1038 Hermann IV … son of Ernst I Salian House of Franconia 1038–1045 1038–1045 Heinrich I, the Black … son of emperor Konrad II by Gisela, widow of Ernst I; German king 1039–1056 Ezzonid House of Lorraine 1045–1047 1045–1047 Otto II … son of count palatine Ezzo of Lorraine by by Mathilde, Mathilde, daughter of emperor Otto II Babenberg House of Austria 1048–1057 1048–1057 Otto III, the White … son of margrave Heinrich I of Schweinfurt, son of Berchtold, son of duke Arnulf of Bavaria House of Rheinfelden 1057–1079 1057–1079 Rudolf I … husband of Mathilde, Mathilde, daughter daughter of Heinrich I; son of count Kuno Kuno of Rheinfelden; deposed; German king 1077–1080 House of Hohenstaufen 1079–1105 1079–1105 Friedrich I … husband of Agnes, Agnes, daughter of emperor Heinrich IV, son of Heinrich Heinrich I; son of count Friedrich of Büren by Hildegard, daughter of Otto II – Berthold of Rheinfelden … son of Rudolf; rival duke 1079–1090 – Berthold of Zähringen … husband of Agnes, daughter of Rudolf; son of duke Berthold of Carinthia; rival duke 1092–1098; 1092–1098; abdicated, died 1111 1105–1147 1105–1147 Friedrich II, the One-Eyed … … son of Friedrich I 1147–1152 1147–1152 Friedrich III, Barbarossa … son of Friedrich II; German king 1152–1190 1152–1167 1152–1167 Friedrich IV, of Rothenburg … … son of king Konrad III of Germany, son of Friedrich I 1167–1169 1167–1169 Friedrich V … son of Friedrich III 1169–1191 1169–1191 Friedrich VI 66 … son of Friedrich III 1192–1196 1192–1196 Konrad II … son of Friedrich III 1196–1208 Philipp, of Swabia … son of Friedrich III; German king 1198–1208 65 The frequent identification of Konrad as the

son of count Udo of Wetterau has been effectively challenged by A. Wolf, “Wer war Kuno von Öhringen. Überlegungen zum Herzogtum Konrads von Schwaben (†997) und zur Königswahl vom Jahre 1002,” Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters, 36 (1980); for Konrad as a grandson of count Udo, see J. Heinzelmann, “Spanheimer–Späne, “Spanheimer–Späne, Schachwappen und Konradinererbe,” Jahrbuch für westdeutsche Landesgeschichte, 25 (1999), 7-68. 66 Originally named Konrad.


1208–1212 1208–1212 (to the Empire) 1212–1216 1212–1216 Friedrich VII … son of emperor Heinrich VI, VI, son of Friedrich III; German king 1212–1250 1212–1250 1216–1235 1216–1235 Heinrich II … son son of Friedrich VII; deposed, died 1242 1235–1254 Konrad III … son of Friedrich VII; German king 1250–1254 1254–1268 Konrad IV (Konradin) … son of Konrad III 67 1268–1283 1268–1283 (to the Empire) Habsburg House of Austria 1282–1290 1282–1290 Rudolf II … son son of king Rudolf I of Germany 1290–1309 Johann, the Parricide … son of Rudolf II 68; deposed, died 1313 (to the Empire 1309; disintegration of the duchy) TECK

On the death of his brother Berthold IV of Zähringen in 1187, Adalbert I declared himself duke of Teck in the Alb region of Swabia. Swabia. The line survived their Zähringen Zähringen cousins, extinct extinct in 1218. The dukes of Teck did did not attempt to lay claim to the Zähringen Zähringen inheritance and sold their claims claims to the emperor Friedrich II. Duke Konrad II supported the Hohenstaufen until their extinction in 1268 and was possibly elected German king just before his murder in 1292. The ducal family divided into two lines, Oberndorf and Owen by the end of the 13th century. Dogged by financial financial difficulties, the dukes dukes hired themselves out out as military captains captains and resorted to mortgages and sales sales of property. Thus, Oberndorf was sold sold to Hohenberg in 1374 and Teck Teck itself to Württemberg in 1381. After the extinction of the dynasty, the title passed to Württemberg from 1495. 1495. Dukes of Teck House of Zähringen 1187–c .1195 .1195 Adalbert I … son of duke Konrad of Zähringen c .1195–1215: .1195–1215: Adalbert II … son of Adalbert I :1219–1244: :1219–1244: Konrad I … son of Adalbert II (division into Oberndorf and Owen by the end of the century)

:1249–1283 :1249–1283 1283–1313: :1314–:1352 :1314–:1352 & :1314–1319: :1314–1319: & :1314–1332: & :1314–1342 :1314–1342 1319:–1363 1319:–1363

:1249–1292 1292–1316 1292–1316 & 1292–1329 & 1292–1334 1292–1334 67 In

Dukes of Teck in Oberndorf Ludwig I, the Elder … … son of Konrad I + Ludwig II, the Younger … … son of Ludwig I; associated c .1260–1282 .1260–1282 Hermann I … son of Ludwig I Ludwig IV … son of Hermann I Hermann II … son of Hermann I Ludwig V ( Lutzmann) … son of Hermann I Friedrich II … son of Hermann I Hermann III … son of Hermann II (to Teck-Owen 1363) Dukes of Teck in Owen Konrad II, the Younger … son of Konrad I Simon … son of Konrad II Konrad III … son of Konrad II Ludwig III … son of Konrad II

Neapolitan captivity from 1268.

68 Johann was possibly born posthumously; the appellation “parricide” refers to Johann’s murder of his uncle,

king Albrecht I of Germany.


& 1292–1300: 1292–1300: 1316–1352 1334–1390 1334–1390 1390–1411 1390–1411 & 1390–1432 1390–1432 1432–1439 1432–1439

Friedrich I … son of Konrad II Konrad IV … son of Simon Friedrich III … son of Ludwig III Friedrich IV … son of Friedrich III Ulrich … son of Friedrich III Ludwig VI … son of Friedrich Friedrich III; patriarch of Aquileia Aquileia 1412–1435 1412–1435 (to Württemberg 1439) TECKLENBURG

The county of Tecklenburg was a vassal of Saxony, spreading over a considerable portion of northwestern Germany in-between in-between the ecclesiastical ecclesiastical principalities of of Münster and Osnabrück. Osnabrück. Tecklenburg passed by marriage to the counts of Bentheim in 1263, then to those of Schwerin in 1328, and then again to Bentheim in 1557. Between 1699 and and 1729 Tecklenburg Tecklenburg was gradually lost, being being sold by parts to Solms and and Prussia. The last counts retained only Rheda, which was mediatized in favor of the grand duchy of Berg in 1807. Counts of Tecklenburg House of Tecklenburg 1139–1150 1139–1150 Ekbert … son of (?) count Heinrich 1150–1156 1150–1156 Heinrich I … son of Ekbert 1156–1202 1156–1202 Simon … son of Heinrich I 1202–1263 Otto I … son of Simon & 1202–1226 1202–1226 Heinrich II … son of Simon + Heinrich III … son of Otto I; associated c .1244–1247 .1244–1247 Dutch House of Bentheim 1263–c .1279 .1279 Otto II … husband of Heilwig, Heilwig, daughter of Otto I; son of count Balduin of Bentheim c .1279–1285 .1279–1285 Otto III … son of Otto II 1285–1307 1285–1307 Otto IV … son of Otto III 1307–1328 1307–1328 Otto V … son of Otto IV House of Schwerin 1328–1360: 1328–1360: Nikolaus I … son son of count Günzel Günzel VI of Schwerin by Richardis, Richardis, daughter of Otto IV :1367–1388 :1367–1388 Otto VI … son of Nikolaus I 1388–1426 1388–1426 Nikolaus II … son of Otto VI 1426–1450 1426–1450 Otto VII … son of Nikolaus II 1450–1508 1450–1508 Nikolaus III … son of Otto VII; in Tecklenburg & 1450–1493 1450–1493 Otto VIII … son of Otto VII; in in Iburg 1508–1534 1508–1534 Otto IX … son son of Nikolaus III; in Tecklenburg & 1508–1541 1508–1541 Nikolaus IV … son of Nikolaus III; in in Lingen 1534–1557 1534–1557 Konrad … son of Otto IX; IX; in Tecklenburg; Tecklenburg; Lingen 1541 1557–1562 1557–1562 Otto X … son of Otto IX Götterswick House of Bentheim-Steinfurt 1562–1606 1562–1606 Arnold … son of count Eberwin Eberwin III of Bentheim Bentheim by Anna, daughter daughter of Konrad 1606–1628 1606–1628 Adolf … son of Arnold 1628–1674 1628–1674 Moritz … son of Adolf 1674–1704 1674–1704 Johann Adolf … son of Moritz; ¾ Tecklenburg sold to Solms 1699 1699 (to Prussia 1707) 1704–1710 1704–1710 Friedrich Moritz … son of Moritz 1710–1768 1710–1768 Moritz Kasimir Kasimir I … son of Friedrich Moritz; ¼ Tecklenburg sold to Prussia 1729; retained Rheda


1768–1805 1768–1805 1805–1806 1805–1806 1806–1807 1806–1807

Moritz Kasimir II … son of Moritz Kasimir I Moritz Kasimir III … son of Moritz Kasimir II Emil Friedrich Friedrich Karl … son of Moritz Moritz Kasimir Kasimir II; mediatized, died 1837 1837 (to Berg 1807; to France 1810; to Prussia 1815) THURINGIA (THÜRINGEN) and SAXON DUCHIES

A separate duchy in the late 9 th century, 69 Thuringia was later later attached to Saxony Saxony and Franconia. Franconia. Since the th middle of the 10 century most of the authority in the area was vested in the hands of local counts. counts. Those of Weimar-Orlamünde Weimar-Orlamünde seem to have enjoyed preeminence and perhaps a margraviate and even short-lived duchy in the area, but were eclipsed in local importance by the Ludowing Ludowing counts of Schauenburg in the 1040s. 1040s. In 1111 the title of landgrave of Thuringia was conferred on count Hermann of Winzenburg, but in 1130 he was replaced with the Thuringian count Ludwig III/I, who founded the longer-lasting line of landgraves of Thuringia. Landgrave Heinrich Raspe Raspe was elected German king in 1246, but but died the next year. The succession was contested between the Houses of Brabant and Meissen, and in 1249 the Wettin margrave Heinrich the Illustrious of Meissen acquired control of the landgraviate. landgraviate. When the House of Wettin divided into the Ernestine and Albertine lines, Thuringia Thuringia remained mostly in Ernestine Ernestine hands. After the Ernestine line lost the electorate of Saxony, Saxony, they retained their lands in Thuringia. Thuringia. Keeping the title of Saxon dukes, dukes, the Ernestine rulers of Thuringia subdivided the area into a number of principalities, known collectively as the “Saxon duchies.” The grand duchy of Saxe-Weimar Saxe-Weimar and the duchies of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe-Altenburg, and Saxe-Meiningen joined joined the German Empire in 1871. Starting in the 19 th century, the line of Saxe-CoburgGotha provided kings for the thrones of Great Britain, Belgium, Portugal, and Bulgaria. Counts of Schauenburg in Thuringia Ludowing House of Thuringia c .1040–1056 .1040–1056 Ludwig I, the Bearded … … count of Schauenburg 1056–1123 Ludwig II, the Jumper … … son of Ludwig I 1123–1131 1123–1131 Ludwig III … son of Ludwig II; landgrave landgrave of Thuringia 1131–1140 1131–1140 Landgraves of Thuringia House of Winzenburg 1111–1130 1111–1130 Hermann … son of count Hermann of Formbach; Formbach; deposed, deposed, died 1137 Ludowing House of Schauenburg 1131–1140 1131–1140 Ludwig I … son of count Ludwig II of Schauenburg; Schauenburg Schauenburg 1123–1131 1123–1131 1140–1172 1140–1172 Ludwig II, the Iron … son of Ludwig I 1172–1190 1172–1190 Ludwig III, the Mild … … son of Ludwig II 1190–1217 Hermann I … son of Ludwig II 1217–1227 Ludwig IV, the Holy … son of Hermann I 1227–1241 1227–1241 Hermann II … son of Ludwig IV 1241–1247 Heinrich Raspe … son of Hermann I; regent 1227–1228; German king 1246–1247 1247–1249 1247–1249 (to the Empire) House of Wettin 1249–1265 Heinrich, the Illustrious … son of margrave Dietrich of Meissen by Jutta, daughter of Hermann I; legitimist claimant since 1247; abdicated, died 1288 1265–1293 1265–1293 Albrecht I, the Degenerate … son of Heinrich; sold landgraviate, died 1314 1293–1310 1293–1310 (to the Empire) 1310–1323 1310–1323 Friedrich I, the Dauntless … son of Albrecht I 69 We know little more than

the names of the dukes Poppo, Konrad, and Burkhard in the 890s and early 900s.


1323–1349 1323–1349 1349–1381 1349–1381 & 1349–1406 1349–1406 & 1381–1382 1381–1382 & 1381–1407 1381–1407 & 1381–1425 1381–1425 & 1381–1402 1381–1402 1406–1440 1406–1440 1440–1445 1440–1445 1445–1482 1445–1482 1482–1486 1482–1486 & 1482–1485 1482–1485 1486–1525 1486–1525 & 1486–1532 1532–1547 1532–1547 1542–1563 1542–1563 1547–1567 1547–1567 & 1547–1572 1567–1572 1567–1572 1567–1572 1567–1572

1572–1573 1572–1573 1573–1605 1605–1626 & 1605–1622 1605–1622 & 1605–1662 1605–1662 & 1605–1641 1605–1641 & 1605–1628 1605–1628 & 1605–1641 & 1605–1619 1605–1619 & 1605–1639 1605–1639 1662–1683 1662–1683 1683–1728 1683–1728 & 1683–1707 1683–1707 1707–1748 1707–1748 & 1707–1715 1707–1715 1748–1758 1748–1758 1758–1828 1758–1828 1828–1853 1828–1853 1853–1901 1853–1901 1901–1918 1901–1918

1573–1602 1573–1602

Friedrich II, the Grave … son of Friedrich I Friedrich III, the Stern … son of Friedrich II Balthasar … son son of Friedrich II; landgrave landgrave 1379 Wilhelm I, the One-Eyed … … son of Friedrich II; to Meissen 1382–1407 Friedrich IV, the Warlike … son of Friedrich III; to Meissen 1407–1428 Wilhelm II, the Rich … son of Friedrich III; in Coburg Georg … son of Friedrich III; in Coburg Friedrich V, the Peaceful … … son of Balthasar; landgrave Friedrich VI, the Mild … … son of Friedrich IV; abdicated, died 1464 Wilhelm III, the Bold … … brother of Friedrich VI Ernst … son of Friedrich VI Albrecht II, the Courageous … son of Friedrich VI; to Meissen 1485–1500 Friedrich VII, the Wise … son of Ernst Johann, the Steadfast … … son of Ernst Johann Friedrich I, the Magnanimous … son of Johann; deposed, died 1554 Johann Ernst I … son of Johann; duke in Coburg Johann Friedrich II … son of Johann Johann Friedrich I; in Gotha; deposed, deposed, died 1595 Johann Wilhelm … son of Johann Friedrich Friedri ch I; to Weimar 1572–1573 Johann Kasimir … son of Johann Johann Friedrich II; to Coburg Coburg 1572–1633 1572–1633 Johann Ernst III … son of Johann Johann Friedrich Friedrich II; in Eisenach Eisenach 1572–1638 1572–1638 (division into Weimar, Coburg, and Eisenach 1572) Dukes and Grand Dukes of Saxe-Weimar (Sachsen-Weimar) Johann Wilhelm … son of duke duke Johann Johann Friedrich Friedrich I; duke since 1547 1547 Johann, the Pious … son of Johann Wilhelm Johann Ernst I … son of Johann Friedrich … son of Johann Wilhelm … son of Johann Albrecht … son son of Johann; to Eisenach 1641–1644 1641–1644 Johann Friedrich … son of Johann Ernst I, the Pious … son of Johann; to Saxe-Gotha 1641–1675 1641–1675 Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Johann Bernhard … son of Johann Johann Ernst II … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm Ernst … son of Johann Ernst II Johann Ernst III … son of Johann Ernst II Ernst August I … son of Johann Ernst III Johann Ernst IV … son of Johann Ernst III Ernst August II Konstantin Konstantin … son son of of Ernst Ernst August August I Karl August … son son of Ernst August II; grand duke 1815 Karl Friedrich … son of Karl August Karl Alexander … son of Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Ernst … son of Karl August, August, son of Karl Alexander; deposed, deposed, died 1923 (to Germany 1918) Dukes of Saxe-Altenburg (Sachsen-Altenburg) Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm I … son of duke duke Johann Johann Wilhelm Wilhelm of Saxe-Weimar Saxe-Weimar


1602–1639 1602–1639 1639–1669 1639–1669 1669–1672 1669–1672 1672–1825 1826–1834 1826–1834 1834–1848 1834–1848 1848–1853 1848–1853 1853–1908 1853–1908 1908–1918 1908–1918

Johann Philipp … son of Friedrich Wilhelm I Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm II … posthumous son of of Friedrich Friedrich Wilhelm Wilhelm I Friedrich Wilhelm III … son of Friedrich Wilhelm II (to Saxe-Gotha) Saxe-Goth a) Friedrich … son of duke Ernst Friedrich III of Saxe-Hildburghausen Saxe-Hildburghausen Joseph … son of Friedrich; abdicated, died 1868 Georg … son of Friedrich Ernst I … son of Georg Ernst II … son of Moritz, Moritz, son of Georg; Georg; deposed, deposed, died 1955 (to Germany 1918)

1662–1668 1662–1668 1668–1671 1668–1671

Dukes of Saxe-Eisenach (Sachsen-Eisenach) Adolf Wilhelm … son of duke Wilhelm of Saxe-Weimar Saxe-Weimar Wilhelm August … son of Adolf Wilhelm (to Saxe-Marksuhl 1671)

1662–1686 1662–1686 1686–1698 1686–1698

Dukes of Saxe-Marksuhl (Sachsen-Marksuhl) and Eisenach E isenach Johann Georg Georg I … son of duke Wilhelm of of Saxe-Weimar; Saxe-Weimar; inherited inherited Eisenach 1671 Johann Georg II … son of Johann Georg I (to Saxe-Jena 1698)

1662–1678 1662–1678 1678–1690 1678–1690 1690–1729 1690–1729 1729–1741 1729–1741

1641–1675 1641–1675 1675–1691 1675–1691

1691–1732 1691–1732 1732–1772 1732–1772 1772–1804 1772–1804 1804–1822 1804–1822 1822–1825 1822–1825

1680–1706 1680–1706

Dukes of Saxe-Jena (Sachsen-Jena) and Eisenach Bernhard … son of duke Wilhelm of Saxe-Weimar Johann Wilhelm I … son of Bernhard Johann Wilhelm II … son of duke Johann Georg I of Saxe-Eisenach Saxe-Eisenach (Marksuhl); inherited Eisenach 1698 Wilhelm Heinrich … son of Johann Wilhelm II (to Saxe-Weimar 1741) Dukes of Saxe-Gotha (Sachsen-Gotha) and Altenburg Ernst I, the Pious … son of duke Johann of Saxe-Weimar; Altenburg 1672 Friedrich I … son of Ernst I + Albrecht … son of Ernst I; associated 1675; 1675; to Coburg 1680–1691 + Bernhard I … son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Meiningen 1680–1706 1680–1706 + Heinrich … son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Römhild 1680–1710 + Christian … son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Eisenberg 1680–1707 + Ernst … son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Hildburghausen 1680–1715 + Johann Ernst … son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 1680–1729 Friedrich II … son of Friedrich I Friedrich III … son of Friedrich II Ernst II … son of Friedrich III August … son of Ernst II Friedrich IV … son of Ernst II (Gotha to Saxe-Coburg, Altenburg to Saxe-Hildburghausen Saxe-Hildburghausen 1826) Dukes of Saxe-Meiningen (Sachsen-Meiningen) and Hildburghausen and Saalfeld Bernhard I … son of duke Ernst I of of Saxe-Gotha


1706–1724 1706–1724 1724–1729 1724–1729 1729–1743 1729–1743 1743–1746 1743–1746 1746–1763 1746–1763 1763–1782 1763–1782 1782–1803 1782–1803 1803–1866 1803–1866 1866–1914 1866–1914 1914–1918 1914–1918

Ernst Ludwig I … son of Bernhard I Ernst Ludwig II … son of Ernst Ludwig I Karl Friedrich … son of Ernst Ludwig I Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Bernhard I; associated associated 1706 Anton Ulrich … son of Bernhard I; associated associated 1706 Karl … son of Anton Ulrich Georg I … son son of Anton Ulrich; associated 1763 Bernhard II … son of Georg I; Hildburghausen Hildburghausen and Saalfeld 1826; abdicated, died 1882 Georg II … son of Bernhard II Bernhard III … son of Georg II; deposed, deposed, died 1928 (to Germany 1918)

1680–1715 1680–1715 1715–1724 1715–1724 1724–1745 1724–1745 1745–1780 1745–1780 1780–1826 1780–1826

Dukes of Saxe-Hildburghausen (Sachsen-Hildburghausen) Ernst … son of duke Ernst I of Saxe-Gotha Ernst Friedrich I … son of Ernst Ernst Friedrich II … son of Ernst Friedrich I Ernst Friedrich III … son of Ernst Friedrich II Friedrich … son of Ernst Friedrich III; to Saxe-Altenburg 1826–1834 1826–1834 (to Saxe-Meiningen 1826)

1680–1729 1680–1729 1729–1745 1729–1745 1745–1764 1745–1764 1764–1800 1764–1800 1800–1806 1800–1806 1806–1844 1806–1844 1844–1893 1844–1893 1893–1900 1893–1900 1900–1918 1900–1918

Dukes of Saxe-Coburg (Sachsen Coburg), Saalfeld, then Gotha Johann Ernst … son son of duke Ernst I of Saxe-Gotha Christian Ernst … son of Johann Ernst Franz Josias … son son of Johann Ernst; associated 1729 Ernst Friedrich … son of Franz Josias Franz … son of Ernst Friedrich Ernst I … son of Franz; Franz; exchanged exchanged Saalfeld for Gotha 1826 Ernst II … son of Ernst I Alfred I … son of Albert, son of Ernst I Karl Eduard Eduard I … son of Leopold, Leopold, brother brother of Alfred I; deposed, died 1954 (to Germany 1918) THURN AND TAXIS (THURN UND TAXIS)

The Lombard Tasso family entered Habsburg service in the mid-15 th century and established a postal service that came to dominate much of continental continental Western Europe. Leonhard I became general postmaster postmaster of the Empire in 1595 and baron in 1608; his son Lamoral acquired a monopoly on the postal service in 1615, and the title of imperial count in 1621. The family became known as as Thurn und Taxis in 1650, and advanced advanced to princely rank in 1695. Although the family was mediatized in 1806, it retained much of its wealth, and, for awhile, continued to run a lucrative postal business. business. With the family’s lands in the Austrian Netherlands Netherlands lost to France in 1801, the House of Thurn and Taxis was compensated with the principality of Buchau (at the expense of the free imperial city and several secularized abbeys), which it lost through mediatization to Württemberg and and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in 1806. 1806. Barons, Counts, and Princes of Thurn and Taxis House of Taxis 1608–1612 1608–1612 1612–1624 1612–1624

Leonhard I … son of Giovanni Giovanni Battista I de Tassis Lamoral I … son son of Leonhard I; count 1624


1624–1628 1624–1628 1628–1677 1628–1677 1677–1714 1677–1714 1714–1739 1714–1739 1739–1773 1739–1773 1773–1805 1773–1805 1805–1806 1805–1806

Leonhard II … son of Lamoral I Lamoral II … son of Leonhard II Eugen Alexander … son of Lamoral II; prince 1695 Anselm Franz … son of Eugen Alexander Alexander Ferdinand … son of Anselm Franz Karl Anselm … son of Alexander Ferdinand Karl Alexander … son son of of Karl Karl Anselm; Anselm; mediatized, died 1827 (to Württemberg and Hohenz0llern-Sigmaringen Hohenz0llern-Sigmaringen 1806) TOGGENBURG

The Raetian lord of Toggenburg was promoted to count in the early 13 th century. The family family prospered and extended its possessions to include much of what is today Switzerland and some of the westernmost part of modern Austria. Friedrich VII was promoted to imperial count in 1413, 1413, but died without legitimate issue in 1436. This was followed by a disputed succession (including the Old Zürich War of 1440–1446), 1440–1446), after which the lands of the counts of Toggenburg were divided among several several heirs. Toggenburg proper was sold to the Abbey of Saint Gall, while most of the so-called League of Ten Jurisdictions (Zehngerichtebund) (Zehngerichtebund) passed to the counts of Montfort Montfort and Mätsch. These sold their rights to the archduke of Austria in in 1469 and 1477. 1477. The Austrian Habsburg retained control until 1649–1652, when they sold their rights to the Three Leagues, formally absorbed into Switzerland in 1803. Counts of Toggenburg House of Toggenburg 1207–1229: 1207–1229: & 1207–1214: 1207–1214: 1229:–1236: 1229:–1236: :1247–1248 :1247–1248 & :1247–1249: :1247–1249: & :1247–1283: :1247–1283: :1253–1282: :1253–1282: :1253–1261: :1253–1261: :1253–1303: :1253–1303: :1305–1315 :1305–1315 1315–1337 1315–1337 1337–1364 1337–1364 1364–1375 1364–1375 & 1364–1400 1364–1400 & 1364–1368 1364–1368 & 1364–1385 1364–1385 1385–1436 1385–1436

Diethelm I, the Elder … … son of (?) Diethelm V of Toggenburg Friedrich I … brother of Diethelm I 70 Diethelm II, the Younger … … son of Diethelm I Diethelm III … son of Diethelm II Kraft I … son of Diethelm II Friedrich II … son of Diethelm II Diethelm IV … son of Kraft I Kraft II, the Minstrel … … son of Kraft I Friedrich III … son of Kraft I Friedrich IV, the Younger … … son of Friedrich III Diethelm V … son of Friedrich IV Friedrich V … son of Friedrich IV Friedrich VI … son of Friedrich V Donat … son of Friedrich V Kraft III … son of Friedrich V Diethelm VI … son of Friedrich V Friedrich VII … son of Diethelm Diethelm VI; imperial count 1413 (division of the county after inheritance dispute 1436–1439) TÜBINGEN

Hugo of Tübingen became count palatine of Swabia in the mid-12 th century. His descendants descendants established several comital lines, including including the counts of Montfort Montfort and Werdenberg. Werdenberg. The counts palatine palatine retained control control of 70 Friedrich

I is sometimes confused for his nephew Friedrich, son of Dietrich I and brother of Dietrich II (who murdered him in 1226).


Tübingen until 1342, 1342, when they sold the city to Württemberg. Many of their other possessions were also sold to Württemberg in the 14th century, including Asperg (1308), Beilstein (1340), Böblingen (1357), and Herrenberg (1382). The family survived as counts counts of Lichteneck under Württemberg overlorship overlorship until the extinction of the male line in 1634; the heiress, Elisabeth Bernhardina, wife of count Karl of Salm-Neuburg, sold Lichteneck to the baron of Garnier in 1660. The rights of count palatine of Swabia had been sold to Burgau in 1268. Counts palatine of Tübingen House of Tübingen 1146–1152 1146–1152 1152–1162: 1152–1162: & 1152–1182 1152–1182 1182–1219 1182–1219 1219–1227: 1219–1227:

Hugo I … son of count Hugo II of Tübingen; Tübingen; count palatine of Swabia Friedrich … son of Hugo I Hugo II … son of Hugo I Rudolf I … son of Hugo II Hugo III … son of Rudolf I Rudolf II … son of Rudolf I; to Horb 1219–1248: 1219–1248: Wilhelm I … son son of Rudolf I; to to Asperg and Giessen Giessen 1219–1252 1219–1252 1227:–:1253 Konrad I … son of (?) Hugo III (to Herrenberg :1253)

1219–1248: 1219–1248: 1248:– c .1267 .1267 c .1267–1277 .1267–1277 & c .1267–1284: .1267–1284: & c .1267–1293: .1267–1293:

1248:–1277 1248:–1277 1277–1304 1277–1304 & 1277–1317 1277–1317 1317–1356 1317–1356 & 1317–1376 1317–1376 1356–1377 1356–1377 1376–1382 1376–1382

1219–1256: 1219–1256: 1256:–1283 1256:–1283 1283–1340 1283–1340 & 1283–1295: 1283–1295:

Counts palatine and counts of Tübingen in Horb Rudolf II … son of Rudolf I of Tübingen Rudolf III, the Clipper … … son of Rudolf II; to Herrenberg 1248:–1277 1248:–1277 Hugo IV … son son of Rudolf II; last last count palatine Hugo V … son of Hugo IV Otto … son of Hugo IV Ludwig … son of Hugo IV (to Hohenberg 1293: 71) Counts of Tübingen in Herrenberg Rudolf III, the Clipper … … son of Rudolf II of Horb; inherited Tübingen :1253 Eberhard … son of Rudolf III; sold sold Tübingen 1294 Rudolf V … son of Rudolf III Rudolf VI … son of Rudolf V Konrad II … son of Rudolf V Ulrich III, the Wolf … … son of Rudolf VI Konrad III … son of Konrad II; sold county 1382; died 1391 (to Württemberg 1382) Counts of Tübingen in Asperg, Gießen, and Beilstein Wilhelm I … son son of Rudolf I of of Tübingen Rudolf IV … son of Wilhelm I; to Böblingen 1256:–1271: Ulrich I, of Böblingen … son of Wilhelm I; sold Gießen 1264 to Hesse Ulrich II … son of Ulrich I; sold Asperg 1308, 1308, Beilstein 1340 to to Württemberg; Württemberg; died 1341 Johann I … son of Ulrich I + Johann II ( Hans) … son of Ulrich II; associated by 1340; died :1369 + Wilhelm IV … son of Ulrich II; associated by 1340; died 1357: (to Württemberg 134o)

71 Liutgard, daughter of count Hugo IV

having married count Burchard IV of Hohenberg.


1256:–1271: 1256:–1271: :1272–1316 :1272–1316 1316–1326: 1316–1326:

:1327–1369: :1327–1369:

:1371–1404: :1371–1404: :1410–1449: :1410–1449: :1453–1506 :1453–1506 1506–1507 1506–1507 1507–1536 1507–1536 1536–1569 1536–1569 1569–1570 1569–1570 1570–1608 1570–1608

1608–1622 1608–1622 1622–1631 1622–1631 1631–1660 1631–1660

Counts of Tübingen in Böblingen and Lichteneck Rudolf IV … son of Wilhelm I of Asperg and Giessen Gottfried I … son of Rudolf IV; purchased purchased Tübingen 1294 Wilhelm II … son of Gottfried I + Heinrich I … son of Gottfried I; associated 1316–1336 + Gottfried II … son of Gottfried I; associated 1316–1329: 1316–1329: Gottfried III ( Götz) … son of Wilhelm II; sold Tübingen 1342, Böblingen 1357 to Württemberg + Heinrich II (Wilhelm) … son of Wilhelm II; associated :1327–1345: + Wilhelm III … son of Wilhelm II; associated :1327–1346: Konrad I … son of Gottfried III Konrad II … son of Konrad I Konrad III … son of Konrad II Georg I … son of Konrad II; associated associated :1453 Georg II … son of Georg I Konrad IV … son son of Georg I; associated associated 1507 Georg III … son of Konrad IV Eberhard … son of Georg III + Konrad V … son of Georg III; associated 1570–1600 1570–1600 + Alwig … son of Georg III; associated 1570–1592 1570–1592 + Hermann … son of Georg III; associated 1570–1585 + Georg IV … posthumous son of Georg III; associated 1570–1587 Georg Friedrich … son of Eberhard Georg Eberhard … son of Eberhard; associated 1608 + Konrad Wilhelm … son of Eberhard; associated 1608–1630 Elisabeth Bernhardina … daughter daughter of Konrad Wilhelm; sold county; county; died died 1666 1666 (to Garnier 1660) TRAUTTMANSDORFF

The Austrian/Bohemian barons of Trauttmansdorff attained the rank of imperial counts in 1623 as rulers of Weinsberg in Swabia. Swabia. Johann Maximilian Maximilian served as the Habsburg Habsburg prime minister in in the reign of Ferdinand III, and his son Johann Friedrich II was appointed imperial chamberlain. chamberlain. In 1805 Franz Ferdinand purchased purchased the immediate lordship lordship of Umpfenbach Umpfenbach in Franconia and and was promoted to prince. The very next year year this principality was was mediatized and and passed to Bade and then Hesse-Darmst Hesse-Darmstadt. adt. Counts of Trauttmansdorff-Weinsberg; Princes of Umpfenbach House of Trauttmansdorff 1545–1614 1545–1614 Johann Friedrich I … son of David of Trauttmansdorff Trauttmansdorff 1614–1623 1614–1623 Siegmund Friedrich … son of Johann Friedrich I 1614–1627 1614–1627 Johann David … son son of of Johann Johann Friedrich I; count 1623 & 1614–1650 1614–1650 Johann Maximilian … son of Johann Johann Friedrich I; count 1623 1650–1684 Adam Matthias … son of Johann Maximilian & 1650–1696 1650–1696 Johann Friedrich II … son of Johann Johann Maximilian (line extinct extinct 1762) 1762) & 1650–1692 1650–1692 Ferdinand Ernst … son of Johann Maximilian & 1650–1708 1650–1708 Georg Siegmund … son of Johann Maximilian (line continued) continued) 1684–1689 1684–1689 Rudolf Wilhelm … son of Adam Matthias


1689–1713 1689–1713 1713–1786 1713–1786 1786–1806 1786–1806

Johann Joseph … son of Rudolf Wilhelm Franz Norbert … son of Johann Joseph Franz Ferdinand Ferdinand … son of of Franz Franz Norbert; prince 1805; 1805; mediatized, died 1827 1827 (to Bade 1806; to Hesse-Darmstadt Hesse-Darmstadt 1806) URACH-FREIBURG

Count Egino I of Urach succeeded to Zähringen lands on the right bank of the Rhine (including Freiburg and much of the Breisgau) through his marriage to Agnes of Zähringen. Zähringen. Fürstenberg became the seat of a separate th branch of the family in the mid-13 century. In c .1260 .1260 Berthold I left Urach itself to his nephew, Heinrich I of Fürstenberg, who sold it to the count of Württemberg c .1265. .1265. The comital comital family family continued continued to rule Freiburg for another century, until until 1366, when the count sold sold his rights to the city of Freiburg. Freiburg. In 1368 the city came under Austrian Austrian control, and remained remained so, with several several interruptions, interruptions, until 1801. After the Napoleonic wars, Freiburg and the rest of Breisgau passed to Bade. Counts of Urach in Freiburg Dettingen House of Urach 1218–1230 1218–1230 Egino I, the Bearded … … son of count Egino III of Urach; husband of Agnes, daughter of duke Berthold IV of Zähringen 1230–1236 1230–1236 Egino II … son of Egino I; in Freiburg & 1230–c .1246 .1246 Rudolf … son son of of Egino Egino I; in Dettingen; abdicated, died :1260 & 1230–c .1261 .1261 Berthold I … son of Egino I; in Urach 1236–1271 1236–1271 Konrad I … son of Egino II; in Freiburg & 1236–:1241 1236–:1241 Berthold II … son of Egino II; in in Urach & 1236–c .1250 .1250 Heinrich I … son of Egino II; to Fürstenberg c .1250–1284 .1250–1284 1271– c .1318 .1318 Egino III … son of Konrad I c .1318–1350 .1318–1350 Konrad II … son of Egino III 1350–1356 1350–1356 Friedrich … son of Konrad II 1356–1358 1356–1358 Clara … daughter of Friedrich; abdicated, died 1368 1358–1366 1358–1366 Egino IV … son of Konrad II; abdicated, abdicated, died 1385 (city state 1366; to Austria 1368; to Bavaria 1644; to France 1677; to Austria 1697; to France 1713; to Austria 1714; to France 1744; to Austria 1748; to France 1801; to Breisgau 1803; divided between Bade and Württemberg 1805; to Bade 1810) Counts of Urach in Badenweiler 1271– c .1302 .1302 Heinrich II … son of count Konrad I of of Urach-Freiburg House of Nauchâtel-Strasberg c .1302–1318 .1302–1318 Otto … husband of of Margarete, Margarete, daughter of Heinrich Heinrich II; son son of count Berthoud Berthoud II of Strasberg 1318–1364 1318–1364 Imier … son of Otto 1364–1368 1364–1368 (to Fürstenberg) Dettingen House of Urach 1368–1385 1368–1385 Egino IV … son of count Konrad II of Urach-Freiburg 1385–1424 Konrad III … son of Egino IV 1424–1457 1424–1457 Johann … son of Konrad III (to Bade-Sausenberg 1457)


VAUDÉMONT

The county of Vaudémont in Upper Lorraine was conferred on a collateral branch of the House of Lorraine. In 1202 the county was made a vassal of the counts of Bar, but continued to pursue a relatively independent policy. The counts of Vaudémont Vaudémont participated participated in the Crusades Crusades and in 1271 1271 Henri I received received the Italian county of Adriano for supporting Charles Charles of Anjou in Sicily. The marriage of Ferry II to Isabelle, the heiress of Lorraine, eventually brought brought his son René the duchy of Lorraine in 1473. 1473. Vaudémont remained remained united with Lorraine until their common common annexation by France in 1766. 1766. During this period, the titular dignity dignity of count of Vaudémont was granted to younger sons or brothers of the duke of Lorraine. Counts of Vaudémont Metz House of Lorraine 1070–1118 1070–1118 Gérard I … son son of duke Gérard of Upper Lorraine 1118–1155 1118–1155 Hugues I … son of Gérard I 1155–1188 1155–1188 Gérard II … son of Hugues I 1188–1242 1188–1242 Hugues II … son of Gérard II 1242–1244 1242–1244 Hugues III … son of Hugues II 1244–1278 1244–1278 Henri I … son of Hugues III 1278–1279 1278–1279 Renaud … son of Henri I 1279–1299 1279–1299 Henri II … son of Henri I 1299–1348 1299–1348 Henri III … son of Henri II + Henri IV … son of Henri III; associated 1333–1346 House of Joinville 1348–1365 1348–1365 Henri V … son of Anseau Anseau of Joinville by Marguerite, Marguerite, daughter daughter of Henri III 1365–1418 1365–1418 Marguerite … daughter of Henri V & 1367–1373 1367–1373 Jean of Châlon Châlon … married Marguerite; son of Henri of Châlon Châlon & 1374–1392 1374–1392 Pierre of Genève … married married Marguerite; Marguerite; son of count count Amédée III of Genève & 1393–1415 1393–1415 Ferry I of of Lorraine Lorraine … married married Marguerite; Marguerite; son of duke Jean I of Lorraine Lorraine Metz House of Lorraine 1415–1458 1415–1458 Antoine … son of Ferry I 1458–1470 1458–1470 Ferry II … son of Antoine 1470–1508 René, the Younger … … son of Ferry II; duke of Lorraine 1473–1508 (union with Lorraine 1473) VELDENZ

Like the wildgraves of neighboring Kyrburg, the counts of Veldenz in Upper Lorraine and Franconia were descended from the counts of Nahegau. Nahegau. In 1271 the county passed passed by marriage to the House House of Geroldseck, which inherited a portion of Sponheim-Starkenburg Sponheim-Starkenburg in 1437. In 1444 Veldenz passed by inheritance to the Palatinate-Simmern, where Ludwig the Black established the Wittlesbach Palatinate lines of Veldenz and Zweibrücken. Counts of Veldenz Emichonid House of Nahegau c .1112–1136: .1112–1136: Gerlach I … son of count Goswin :1141–1186: :1141–1186: Gerlach II … son of Gerlach I :1202–1214: :1202–1214: Gerlach III … son of Gerlach II :1220–1240: :1220–1240: Gerlach IV … son of Gerlach III


:1245–1259: :1245–1259: Gerlach V … son of Gerlach IV :1260–1277: :1260–1277: Agnes … daughter of Gerlach V & :1270–1296: :1270–1296: Heinrich I of Geroldseck … married married Agnes; son of Walter Walter of Geroldseck House of Geroldseck (Hohengeroldseck) :1297–c .1347 .1347 Georg I … son of Walther, Walther, son of Heinrich Heinrich I and and Agnes Agnes + Friedrich I … son of Georg I; associated in Lichtenberg c .1314–1327 .1314–1327 + Georg II … son of Friedrich I; associated in Lichtenberg 1327–1377 1327–1377 c .1347– .1347– c .1378 .1378 Heinrich II … son of Georg I c .1378–1389 .1378–1389 Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II & c .1378–1395 .1378–1395 Friedrich II … son of Heinrich II 1389–1393 1389–1393 Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich III & 1389–1444 1389–1444 Friedrich III … son of Heinrich IV Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate 1444–1489 Ludwig, the Black … son of duke Stephan of the Palatinate-Simmern Palatinate-Simmern by Anna, daughter of Friedrich III; II I; duke of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken 1459–1489 1459–1489 (to the Palatinate-Zweibrücken 1459; to the Palatinate-Veldenz Palatinate-Veldenz 1543; to the Palatinate 1694; to France 1801; divided between Bavaria and Prussia 1815) VIANDEN

The counts of Vianden, descended from those of Sponheim, made profitable marriages, for example securing the county of Lower Salm by 1163, but they had to accept the suzerainty of neighboring Luxembourg and Brabant in the 13 th century. In 1343 the male line line of counts became extinct, extinct, and through marriage and and inheritance the county passed passed into the hands of the Houses of Sponheim (1348) (1348) and Nassau (1417). The latter maintained control over the county, with two interruptions, until 1795, when it was swept away in the wake of the Wars of the French Revolution. The Congress of Vienna divided the former county of Vianden between Luxembourg (which kept the town) and Prussia. Counts of Vianden House of Sponheim :1124–1152: :1124–1152: :1171–:1184 :1171–:1184 :1184–c .1187 .1187 c .1187–1214 .1187–1214 1214–1252 1214–1252 1252–1273 1252–1273 1273–1304 1273–1304 1304–1316 1304–1316 1316–1337 1316–1337 1337–1343 1337–1343 1343–1400 1343–1400 & 1348–1400 1348–1400

1400–1417 1400–1417 House of Nassau 1417–1442 1417–1442 1442–1475 1442–1475

Friedrich I … son of Gerhard II, son of Gerhard I, son of count Stephan II of Sponheim; Sponheim; Siegfried … son of Friedrich I Friedrich II … son of Friedrich Friedrich I; inherited inherited Lower Lower Salm :1163 Friedrich III … son of Friedrich II Heinrich I, the Sun King … … son of Friedrich III Philipp I … son of Heinrich I Gottfried … son of Philipp I; abdicated, abdicated, died 1307: Philipp II … son of Gottfried Heinrich II … son of Philipp II Ludwig … son of Philipp II Maria … daughter of Heinrich II Simon of Sponheim … married Maria; son of count count Walram Walram of Sponheim-Kreuznach; Sponheim-Kreuznach; died 1417 Elisabeth … daughter of Simon and Maria Engelbert I … son of count Johann I of Nassau-Dillenburg, Nassau-Dillenburg, son of count Otto II by Adelheid, daughter of Philipp II Johann I … son of Engelbert I


1475–1504 1475–1504 1504–1516 1504–1516 1516–1538 1516–1538 1538–1544 1538–1544 1544–1566 1544–1566 House of Mansfeld 1566–1604 1566–1604 House of Nassau 1604–1618 1604–1618 1618–1625 1618–1625 1625–1647 1625–1647 1647–1650 1647–1650 1650–1702 1650–1702

1702–1759 1702–1759 1759–1795 1759–1795

Engelbert II … son of Johann I Johann II … son of Johann I Heinrich III … son of Johann II Renatus … son son of of Heinrich Heinrich III; prince prince of Orange 1530 Wilhelm I, the Silent … … son of count Wilhelm I of Nassau-Dillenburg, son of Johann II; deposed, died 1584 Peter Ernst Ernst … son of count Ernst II of Mansfeld; Mansfeld; prince prince 1594 1594 Philipp Wilhelm … son of Wilhelm I Moritz … son of Wilhelm I; Netherlands 1585–1625 1585–1625 Friedrich Heinrich … son of Wilhelm I; Netherlands 1625–1647 1625–1647 Wilhelm II … son son of Friedrich Heinrich; Netherlands 1647–1650 1647–1650 Wilhelm III … posthumous son of of Wilhelm II; Netherlands 1672–1702; 1672–1702; England, England, Scotland, and Ireland 1689–1702 1689–1702 (to France 1702; to the Netherlands 1713) Wilhelm IV IV … son of Wilhelm Friso of the Netherlands; Netherlands; Netherlands Netherlands 1751–1795; 1751–1795; deposed, died 1806 (to the Batavian Republic 1795; to Holland 1806; to France 1810; divided between Luxembourg and Prussia 1815) VIRNEBURG

The county of Virneburg west of Koblenz divided into two in 1446 and both portions passed to the House of Manderscheid by 1545. 1545. With the extinction of the new line line in 1590, Virneburg was was eventually inherited by the Wittelsbach House of Löwenstein-Wertheim. Löwenstein-Wertheim. From 1615 this family formed formed a separate line that did not practice primogeniture primogeniture until 1789, resulting in a large large number of heirs. Losing their lands west of the Rhine Rhine in the Treaty of Lunéville in 1801, the counts of Virneburg were compensated with Freudenberg, carved out of the bishopric of Würzburg in 1803. In 1806 the family was mediatized mediatized in favor of Bavaria. Counts of Virneburg House of Virneburg 1112–? ?–1192 1192–1204 1192–1204 1204–1235 1204–1235 & 1235–1242: 1235–1242: & 1235–1289: 1235–1289: :1290–1308 :1290–1308 1308–1353: 1308–1353: :1355–1374 :1355–1374 1374–:1391 1374–:1391 :1391–1444 :1391–1444 1444–1459 1444–1459 1459–1522: 1459–1522: :1525–1534 :1525–1534

Hermann I … son of (?) Bernhard Hermann II … son of Hermann I Gottfried … son of Hermann II Hermann III … son son of Gottfried; abdicated, died 1238: Ruprecht I … son of Hermann III Heinrich … son of Hermann III Ruprecht II … son of Heinrich Ruprecht III … son of Ruprecht II Gerhard … son of Heinrich, son of Ruprecht III 72 Adolf … son of Ruprecht III Ruprecht IV … son of Adolf Ruprecht V … son of count count Philipp Philipp I of Neuenahr, Neuenahr, son of Ruprecht Ruprecht IV Philipp II … son of Ruprecht V Philipp III … son of Philipp II

72 Alternately the count Gerhard was another Gerhard, son

of count Ruprecht III.


1534–1545

Konrad ( Kuno) … son of Philipp II (to Kronenburg 1545)

Counts of Virneburg in Kronenburg 1446–:1469 1446–:1469 Wilhelm … son of count Philipp Philipp I of Neuenahr, son of count Ruprecht Ruprecht IV of Virneburg :1469–:1495 Georg … son of Wilhelm House of Manderscheid :1495–1551 :1495–1551 Dietrich I … son of count count Kuno I of Manderscheid-Schleiden by Mechthild, daughter of of Wilhelm; inherited remainder of Virneburg Virneburg 1545 1551–1560 1551–1560 Dietrich II … son of Dietrich I 1560–1582 1560–1582 Joachim … son of Dietrich II 1582–1590 Philipp Dietrich … son of Joachim 1582–1611 1582–1611 (to the Empire during disputed succession) Wittelsbach House of Löwenstein-Wertheim 1611–1618 1611–1618 Christoph Ludwig Ludwig … husband of of Elisabeth, daughter of Joachim; son of count Ludwig Ludwig III of Löwenstein-Wertheim; Löwenstein-Wertheim; Löwenstein-Wertheim Löwenstein-Wertheim 1611–1615 1618–1657 1618–1657 Friedrich Ludwig … son of Christoph Ludwig & 1618–1622 1618–1622 Ernst … son of Christoph Ludwig & 1618–1620 1618–1620 Johann Hermann … son of Christoph Ludwig 1657–1681 1657–1681 Ludwig Ernst … son of Friedrich Ludwig & 1657–1683 1657–1683 Friedrich Eberhard … son of Friedrich Ludwig & 1657–1681 1657–1681 Gustav Ernst … son of Friedrich Ludwig & 1657–1688 1657–1688 Albrecht … son of Friedrich Ludwig 1681–1689 1681–1689 Joachim Friedrich … son of Ludwig Ernst & 1681–1698 1681–1698 Eucharius Kasimir … son of Ludwig Ernst 1683–1721 1683–1721 Heinrich Friedrich … son of Friedrich Eberhard 1721–1790 1721–1790 Johann Ludwig Vollrath … son of Heinrich Friedrich & 1721–1796 1721–1796 Friedrich Ludwig … son of Heinrich Friedrich & 1721–1779 1721–1779 Karl Ludwig … son of Heinrich Friedrich & 1721–1757 1721–1757 Johann Philipp … son of Heinrich Friedrich & 1721–1773 1721–1773 Wilhelm Heinrich … son of Heinrich Friedrich 1779–1806 1779–1806 Friedrich Karl Karl Gottlieb … son son of Karl Ludwig; mediatized, died 1825 1825 1790–1806 Johann Karl Ludwig … son of Johann Ludwig Vollrath; mediatized, mediatized , died 1816 (to Bavaria 1806) VOHBURG

The counts of Vohburg became margraves in the Bavarian Nordgau in the second half of the 12 th century. In 1212 margrave Dietpold VII married the widowed margravine of Hohenburg and added this territory, and title, to the family’s possessions. Margrave Berthold III governed Sicily as regent on behalf of the underage king Corrado II (Konradin) of Hohenstaufen, and was imprisoned, together with his brothers, by the king’s uncle Manfred in 1256. By 1258 1258 the three margraves were dead. Except for Hohenburg, which passed to the bishopric of Regensburg, the margraviate was incorporated into the duchy of Bavaria. Margraves of Vohburg House of Traungau :1020–1060 :1020–1060 Dietpold I … son of count Rapoto II of Traungau 1060–1078 1060–1078 Dietpold II … son of Dietpold I; margrave


1078–1146 1078–1146 1146–1158 1146–1158 & 1146–1185 1146–1185 & 1146–1193 1146–1193 1193–1204 1193–1204 & 1193–1225 1193–1225 1225–1256: 1225–1256: & 1225–1247: 1225–1247: & 1225–1256: 1225–1256: & 1225–1256: 1225–1256:

Dietpold III … son of Dietpold II Dietpold V … son of Dietpold IV, son of Dietpold III Berthold I … son of Dietpold III Dietpold VI … son of Dietpold III Berthold II … son of Berthold I Dietpold VII … son of Berthold I; married Mechthild of Hohenburg Hohenburg 1212 Berthold III … son of Dietpold VII Dietpold VIII … son of Dietpold VII Otto … son of Dietpold VII Ludwig … son of Dietpold VII (to Bavaria :1258) WALDBURG

In 1525 the emperor Karl V invested the Swabian baron Georg III of Waldburg with the hereditary title of seneschal or steward ( Truchseß ) of the Holy Roman Roman Empire. By the end of the century this branch of the Waldburg family had divided into two lines, Wolfegg-Waldsee Wolfegg-Waldsee and Zeil-Wurzach; each of these subdivided into its respective components in the second half of the 17 th century. In 1803 the chiefs of the surviving surviving three lines were promoted to princes, but but all three were mediatized in favor favor of Württemberg in 1806. The list includes only those branches of the family that attainted princely rank. Barons of Waldburg in Wolfegg and Waldsee House of Waldburg 1423–1467 1423–1467 1467–1482 1467–1482 1482–1511 1482–1511 1511–1531 1511–1531 1531–1536 & 1531–1570 1531–1570 & 1531–1569 1531–1569 1569–1589 1589–1595 1589–1595 & 1589–1595 1589–1595

1595–1637 1595–1637 1637–1667 1637–1667 1667–1724 1667–1724 1724–1748 1748–1790 1748–1790 1790–1791 1790–1791 1791–1806 1791–1806

Georg I … son of Johann I of Waldburg Georg II, the Tall … … son of Georg I Johann II … son of Georg II Georg III … son of Johann II; Truchseß (Seneschal) (Seneschal) of the Empire 1525 Jakob I … son of Georg III Heinrich … son of Georg III Georg IV … son of Georg III Jakob II, the Fat … … son of Georg IV Heinrich II … son of Jakob II; to Wolfegg 1595–1637 1595–1637 Froben … son of Jakob II; to Zeil 1595–1614 1595–1614 (division into Wolfegg and Zeil 1595) Barons and Counts of Waldburg in Wolfegg and Waldsee Heinrich II … son of Jakob Jakob II of Zeil-Waldsee; count 1628 Maximilian Willibald … son of Heinrich II Maximilian Franz Eusebius … son of Maximilian Willibald; to Wolfegg 1667–1681 (line extinct 1798) Johann Maria … son son of Maximilian Willibald; in Waldsee Waldsee Maximilian Maria … son of Johann Maria Gebhard Xaver … son of Maximilian Maria; abdicated, died 1791 1791 Karl Maximilian Maximilian Franz … son of of Gebhard Xaver; abdicated, died 1795 1795 Joseph Anton … son of Gebhard Xaver; inherited Wolfegg 1798; prince 1803; 1803; mediatized, died 1833 (to Württemberg 1806)


1595–1614 1595–1614 1614–1674 1614–1674 1674–1684 1684–1717 1684–1717 1717–1750 1750–1790 1750–1790 1790–1806

Counts and Princes of Waldburg in Zeil Froben … son of Jakob II of Zeil-Waldsee Johann Jakob I … son of Froben; count 1628 Paris Jakob … son of Johann Jakob I Johann Christoph … son of Paris Jakob Johann Jakob II … son of Johann Christoph Franz Anton … son of Johann Johann Jakob Jakob II; count count of Zeil 1771; 1771; inherited inherited Trauchburg 1779 Maximilian Wunibald … son of Franz Anton; prince 1803; mediatized, mediatized , died 1818 (to Württemberg 1806)

1674–1700 1674–1700 1700–1734 1734–1781 1781–1806 1781–1806

Counts and Princes of Waldburg in Wurzach Sebastian Wunibald … son son of of count count Johann Jakob I of Zeil Ernst Jakob … son of Sebastian Wunibald Franz Ernst … son of Ernst Jakob Eberhard … son of Franz Ernst; prince prince 1803; 1803; mediatized, died 1807 1807 (to Württemberg 1806) WALDECK-PYRMONT

The counts of Waldeck were descended from those of Schwalenberg, who appeared in the 12 th century and divided into a great number number of branches. The counts of Waldeck-Eisenberg Waldeck-Eisenberg inherited the county of of Pyrmont in southern Lower Saxony in 1625 and the last of the line took the title of “prince of Waldeck and count of Pyrmont” in 1682. 1682. The counts of Waldeck-Wildungen Waldeck-Wildungen succeeded to Eisenberg and Pyrmont in 1692 1692 and renewed the princely title in 1712, 1712, changing it to “prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont” Pyrmont” a century later. In 1871 the principality joined the German Empire. Empire. The list includes only the princely branches of the family. Counts of Waldeck House of Schwalenberg :1214–1270 :1214–1270 Adolf I … son of count Heinrich I of Schwalenberg + Heinrich I … son of Adolf I; associated c .1250–1267 .1250–1267 1270–1276 1270–1276 Adolf II … son of Heinrich Heinrich I; abdicated; bishop of Liège 1301–1302 1301–1302 & 1270–1305 1270–1305 Otto I … son of Heinrich I 1305–1348 1305–1348 Heinrich II … son of Otto I 1348–1369 1348–1369 Otto II … son of Heinrich II 1369–1397 1369–1397 Heinrich III … son of Otto II Adolf III … son of Heinrich III; to Landau 1397–1431 (line extinct 1495) 1397–1442 1397–1442 Heinrich IV … son of Heinrich III 1442–1475 1442–1475 Wolrad I … son of Heinrich IV 1475 Philipp I … son of Wolrad I 1475–1486 1475–1486 Heinrich VI … son of Philipp Philipp I; to Wildungen Wildungen 1486–1513 1486–1513 (line extinct extinct 1585) 1585) & 1475–1486 Philipp II … son of Heinrich IV; to Eisenberg Eisenber g 1486–1524 (division into Wildungen and Eisenberg 1486) Counts of Waldeck in Eisenberg and Pyrmont, then Princes of Waldeck-Pyrmont 1486–1524 1486–1524 Philipp II … son of of count count Heinrcih Heinrcih IV of Waldeck; Waldeck; Waldeck 1475–1486 1475–1486 1524–1539 1524–1539 Philipp III … son of Philipp II 1539–1578 1539–1578 Wolrad II … son of Philipp III Johann I, the Pious … son of Philipp III; to Landau Landau 1539–1567 1539–1567 (line (line extinct 1597) 1597)


1578–1588 1588–1607 1588–1607 & 1588–1640 1588–1640 1640–1645 1640–1645 1645–1664 1645–1664 1664–1692 1664–1692

1607–1637 1607–1637 1637–1645 1637–1645 & 1623–1668 1623–1668 1645–1706 1645–1706 & 1645–1669 1645–1669 1706–1728 1706–1728 1728 1728–1763 1728–1763 1763–1812 1763–1812 1812–1813 1812–1813 1813–1845 1813–1845 1845–1893 1845–1893 1893–1918 1893–1918

Josias I … son of Wolrad II Christian … son of Josias Josias I; to Wildungen 1607–1637 1607–1637 Wolrad III … son of of Josias Josias I; count of Pyrmont Pyrmont 1625 1625 Philipp Theodor … son of Wolrad III Heinrich Wolrad … son of Philipp Theodor Georg Friedrich … son of Wolrad Wolrad III; prince of Waldeck and count count of Pyrmont 1682 (to Waldeck-Wildungen Waldeck-Wildungen 1692) Counts of Waldeck in Wildungen, then Princes of Waldeck-Pyrmont Christian … son of Josias Josias I; count of Waldeck Waldeck and and Eisenberg Eisenberg 1588–1607 1588–1607 Philipp VI … son of Christian Johann II … son son of Christian; in Landau Christian Ludwig … son of Philipp VII Josias II … son of Philipp VII; in in Wildungen Anton Ulrich … son of Christian Christian Ludwig; prince of Waldeck and count of Pyrmont Pyrmont 1712 1712 Christian Philipp … son of Anton Ulrich Karl … son of Anton Ulrich Friedrich I … son of Karl Georg I … son of Karl; Karl; prince of Waldeck Waldeck and and Pyrmont Pyrmont 1812 Georg II … son of Georg I Georg Victor … son of Georg II Friedrich II … son of Georg Victor; deposed, died 1946 (to Germany 1918) WEIMAR-ORLAMÜNDE

The counts of Weimar and Orlamünde in Thuringia were rewarded for their services to the crown with appointment as dukes dukes of Thuringia, margraves margraves of Meissen, Istria, and Carniola. Carniola. The original comital house house died out in 1112, and the counties passed to the Ascanian counts of Ballenstedt, who were soon to obtain the Saxon North March (Nordmark), (Nordmark), Saxony, Brandenburg, and and Anhalt. On the death of Albrecht I the Bear in 1170, Weimar-Orlamünde Weimar-Orlamünde passed to one of his sons, Siegfried III. His descendants divided their inheritance inheritance in 1248. Within a century, however, they had declined in power and prosperity, and were forced to recognize the suzerainty of the Wettin Wettin margraves of Meissen, who who purchased both counties counties in 1344–1347. 1344–1347. The comital family continued to inhabit some of its allodial estates until its extinction in the 15 th century. century. Weimar later became the capital of one one of the leading Saxon duchies duchies in Thuringia. Thuringia. The numbering of the counts counts is very inconsistent in the literature and has been simplified to match the list; many dates, especially in the 14 th and 15th centuries are approximate. Counts of Weimar and Orlamünde House of Weimar 949–963 963–1003 963–1003 1003–1039 1003–1039 1039–1062 1039–1062 & 1039–1067 1039–1067 1067–1070 1067–1070 1070–1112 1070–1112

Wilhelm I … count count and margrave in southern Thuringia Wilhelm II, the Great … … son of Wilhelm I; duke of Thuringia 1002–1003 1002–1003 Wilhelm III … son of Wilhelm II; margrave Wilhelm IV … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm III; in Weimar; Meissen 1046–1062 1046–1062 Otto I … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm III; in Orlamünde; Orlamünde; Meissen 1062–1067 1062–1067 Ulrich I … son of Poppo, son of Wilhelm III Ulrich II … son of Ulrich I


Ascanian House of Ballenstedt 1112–1113 1112–1113 Siegfried I … son of count Adalbert II of Ballenstedt Ballenstedt by Adelheid, daughter daughter of Otto I 1113–1124 1113–1124 Siegfried II … son of Siegfried I 1124–1140 1124–1140 Wilhelm V … son of Siegfried I 1140–1170 1140–1170 Albrecht I, the Bear … … son of count Otto of Ballenstedt, brother of Siegfried I 1170–1176 1170–1176 Hermann I … son of Albrecht I 1176–1206 1176–1206 Siegfried III … son of Hermann I 1206–1247 1206–1247 Hermann II … son of Siegfried III & 1206–1245 1206–1245 Albrecht II … son of Siegfried III & 1206–1211 1206–1211 Otto II … son of Siegfried III; in in Weimar & 1206–1247 1206–1247 Heinrich I … son of Siegfried III; in Orlamünde 1247–1248 1247–1248 Hermann III, the Famous … son of Hermann II; to Orlamünde 1248–1283 & 1247–1248 1247–1248 Otto III, the Magnificent … … son of Hermann II; to Weimar 1248–1285 & 1247–1248 1247–1248 Albrecht III, the Elder … … son of Hermann II; to Weimar 1248–1283 (division into Orlamünde and Weimar 1248)

1248–1283 1248–1283 1283–1312 1283–1312 & 1283–1344 1283–1344

1248–1285 1248–1285 1285–1319 & 1285–c .1318 .1318 c .1318–1340 .1318–1340 1319–1347 1319–1347 & 1319–1347 1319–1347 & 1319–1334 1319–1334 1334–1347 1334–1347

Counts of Orlamünde Hermann III, the Famous … son of count Hermann II of Weimar-Orlamünde; WeimarOrlamünde 1247–1248 Hermann IV … son of Hermann III Heinrich II, the Elder … … son of Hermann III; sold county, died 1354 (line extinct by 1423) (to Meissen 1344) Counts of Weimar Otto III, the Magnificent … … son of count Hermann II of Weimar-Orlamünde; WeimarOrlamünde 1247–1248 Hermann IV … son of Otto III Otto IV, the Rich … son of Otto III Otto V … son of Otto IV Friedrich I, the Elder … … son of Hermann IV; sold county, died 1365 Hermann V … son of Hermann IV; died 1372 1372 Otto VI … son of Hermann IV Friedrich II … son of Otto Otto VI; died 1363 1363 (line (line extinct extinct 1486) 1486) (to Meissen 1347) WERDENBERG

The county of Werdenberg Werdenberg in Raetia was governed by a branch of the Tübingen counts counts of Montfort. The family divided into two major lines, those of Werdenberg and Sargans, the latter subdividing further into Trochtelfingen, Alpeck, and Vaduz. Vaduz. The eastern possessions possessions of the family gradually gradually passed to Austria, the western ones to Switzerland, these powers having applied pressure on the impoverished principality in their attempts at expansion. expansion. The lordaship of Vaduz, on the other hand, passed in succession into the hands of the houses of Brandis, Hohenemsm, Hohenemsm, and finally Liechtenstein in 1712. 1712. Today it is the capital of the independent principality of Liechtenstein. Counts of Werdenberg House of Tübingen :1230–1243: :1230–1243:

Rudolf I … son of count Hugo I of Montfort


:1248–1280: :1248–1280: :1281–1305: :1281–1305: :1307–1329: :1307–1329: & :1307–1364: :1307–1364: :1367–1371: :1367–1371: :1373–1387: :1373–1387: & :1373–1384 :1373–1384 & :1373–1392: :1373–1392: & :1373–1413 :1373–1413 :1393–1419: :1393–1419: & :1393–1428 :1393–1428 & :1393–1401: :1393–1401:

:1248–1264: :1248–1264: :1271–1322 :1271–1322 1322–1325: 1322–1325: & 1322–1361 1322–1361 1361–1399: 1361–1399: :1400–1412: :1400–1412: & :1400–1412: :1400–1412: & :1400–1405: :1400–1405: & :1400–1421: & :1400–1447: :1400–1447: :1417–1434: :1417–1434: :1449–1474: :1449–1474: & :1449–1483 :1449–1483

1322:–1332: 1322:–1332: :1334–1342: :1334–1342: & :1334–1366: :1334–1366: :1370–1383 :1370–1383

:1334–1383 :1334–1383 1383–1393: 1383–1393: & 1383–?

Hugo I … son of Rudolf I Hartmann I … son of Rudolf I; to Sargans :1248–1264: Hugo II, the One-Eyed … … son of Hugo I Hugo III … son of Hugo II Albrecht I … son of Hugo II Albrecht II … son of Albrecht I Hugo IV … son of Albrecht II; in Rheineck Albrecht III, the Elder … … son of Albrecht II; in Bludenz; sold county to Austria 1384, died 1418: Heinrich I … son of Albrecht II Albrecht IV, the Younger … … son of Albrecht II; in Heiligenberg; sold county to Austria 1413, died 1416: Rudolf … son of Heinrich I Hugo V … son of Heinrich Heinrich I; pawned Werdenberg to Montfort Montfort 1402 1402 Heinrich II … son of Heinrich I (to Montfort 1402; to Switzerland 1485) Counts of Werdenberg in Sargans Hartmann I … son of of count Rudolf I of Werdenberg Rudolf II … son of Hartmann I Heinrich I … son of Rudolf II; to Alpeck 1322–1332: 1322–1332: Rudolf III … son of Rudolf II Hartmann II … son of Rudolf II; to Vaduz 1322–1353: Rudolf IV … son of Rudolf II Johann I … son of Rudolf IV; IV; pawned pawned Sargans Sargans to Austria 1396 Georg I … son of Johann I; in Räzüns Wilhelm I … son of Johann I Johann II … son of Johann I Hugo … son of Johann I Heinrich II … son son of Johann I; in Sonnenberg Rudolf V … son of Johann II; in in Löwenberg Wilhelm II … son of Heinrich II Georg II … son of Heinrich II; sold county to Switzerland 1483, 1483, died 1504 (to Switzerland 1483) Counts of Werdenberg in Alpeck Heinrich I … son of count Rudolf II of Sargans Eberhard I … son of Heinrich I; to Trochtelfingen :1334–1383 Rudolf III … son of Heinrich I Heinrich II … son of Heinrich I Heinrich III … son of Heinrich II; sold county to Ulm 1383; 1383; died died 1388 (to Ulm 1383) Counts of Werdenberg in Trochtelfingen Eberhard I … son of count Heinrich I of Alpeck Heinrich II … son of Eberhard I Eberhard II … son of Eberhard I


:1399–1416 :1399–1416 1416–1439: 1416–1439: & 1416–1465 1416–1465 & 1416–1475 1416–1475 1465–1500 1465–1500 & 1465–1503 1465–1503 & 1465–1508 1465–1508 1500–1522 1500–1522 & 1500–1534 1500–1534 & 1500–1530 1500–1530 1534–1554 1534–1554

1322:–1353: 1322:–1353: :1355–1365: :1355–1365: & :1355–1397 :1355–1397 1397–1416 1397–1416 House of Brandis 1416–1456 1416–1456 1456–1486 1456–1486 1486–1507 1486–1507 & 1486–1507 1486–1507 House of Sulz 1507–1535 1507–1535 1535–1556 1535–1556 1556–1569 1556–1569 & 1556–1572 1556–1572 1572–1611 1572–1611 1611–1613 1611–1613 House of Hohenems 1613–1640 1613–1640 1640–1646 1640–1646 1646–1662 1646–1662 1662–1686 1662–1686 & 1662–1712 1662–1712 & 1662–1691 1662–1691 1691–1712 1691–1712

Eberhard III … son of Heinrich Heinrich II; purchased purchased Sigmaringen Sigmaringen 1399 Heinrich III … son of Eberhard III Johann I … son of Eberhard III; recovered Heiligenberg Eberhard IV … son of Eberhard III Georg … son of Johann I Ulrich … son of Johann I; in in Heiligenberg Hugo … son son of Johann I; in Sigmaringen Johann II … son of Georg Christoph … son of Georg Felix … son of Georg Anna … daughter of Christoph (Sigmaringen to Austria 1554; to Hohenzollern 1534) Counts of Werdenberg in Vaduz and subsequent Lords of Vaduz Hartmann II … son of count Rudolf II of Sargans Rudolf III … son of Hartmann II Heinrich … son of Hartmann II Hugo … son of count Johann I of Sargans; sold county, county, died died 1421 1421

Wolfhard … husband of Verena, daughter daughter of count Albrecht Albrecht III of Werdenberg; Werdenberg; son of Thüring III of Brandis Ulrich … son of Wolfhard Ludwig … son of Ulrich Sigismund … son of Ulrich Rudolf I … son of count Alwig X of Sulz by Verena, daughter of Ulrich Johann Ludwig … son of Rudolf I Wilhelm … son of Johann Ludwig Alwig … son of Johann Ludwig Rudolf II … son of Alwig Johann … son of Rudolf Rudolf II; sold sold lordship, lordship, died died 1617 1617 Kaspar … son of count Jakob Jakob Hannibal Hannibal I of Hohenems; Hohenems; married married Anna Amalia, daughter of count Karl Ludwig of Hohenems, son of Alwig Jakob Hannibal … son of Kaspar Franz Wilhelm I … son of Jakob Hannibal Ferdinand Karl … son of Franz Wilhelm I Jakob Hannibal Friedrich … son of Franz Wilhelm Wilhelm I; sold lordship, lordship, died 1730 Franz Wilhelm II … son of Franz Wilhelm I Franz Wilhelm Wilhelm III … posthumous posthumous son of Franz Wilhelm II; sold lordship, died died 1759 (to Liechtenstein 1712) WERL-ARNSBERG

In early times the counts of Werl and Arnsberg controlled much of Westphalia, with their lands extending as far as the sea. After the apex of the county in the 11 th and 12 th centuries, the count’s holdings decreased after family partitions and donations to the Church, while other families and institutions were expanding in the region. What remained of Werl-Arnsberg, Werl-Arnsberg, which had passed by marriage to the House of Cuyk, Cuyk, was sold to


the archbishopric of Cologne in 1371. Counts of Werl and Arnsberg House of Werl c .960– .960–c .985 .985 c .985– .985–c .1026 .1026 & c .985– .985–c .1044 .1044 & c .985– .985–c .1059 .1059 c .1026– .1026– c .1051 .1051 & c .1026–? .1026–? & c .1026–1038: .1026–1038: & c .1026–1066: .1026–1066: c .1044–1052: .1044–1052: :1070–1092 :1070–1092 1092–1124 1092–1124 & 1092–1115 1092–1115 1124–1154: 1124–1154: & 1124–1127 1124–1127 House of Cuyk & :1129–1168 :1129–1168 1168– c .1203 .1203 c .1203–1238 .1203–1238 1238–1282 1238–1282 1282–1313 1282–1313 1313–1338 1338–1368 1338–1368

Bernhard I … son son of (?) count Hermann I of Werl Hermann II … son of Bernhard I Rudolf … son of Bernhard I Bernhard II … son of Bernhard I; in Hoevel Heinrich I … son of Hermann II Konrad I … son of Hermann II Adalbert … son of Hermann II; in Emegau Bernhard III … son of Hermann II Hermann III … son of Rudolf Konrad II … son of Bernhard III Friedrich I, the Warlike … son of Konrad II Heinrich II … son son of Konrad II; in in Rietberg Ida … daughter of Friedrich I Gottfried I of Cappenberg Cappenberg … husband of of Ida; son of count Gottfried Gottfried I of Cappenberg Cappenberg Gottfried II of Cuyk … married Ida; son of Heinrich Heinrich I of Cuyk Heinrich III … son of Gottfried II and Ida Gottfried III … son of Heinrich III Gottfried IV … son of Gottfried III Ludwig … son of Gottfried IV Wilhelm … son of Ludwig Gottfried V … son son of Wilhelm; abdicated, died 1371 (to Cologne 1368) WERTHEIM

The Franconian counts of Wertheim were supporters of the Hohenstaufen in the 12 th and 13 th centuries, and among the most powerful vassals of the bishop of Würzburg. Count Rudolf IV acquired Breuburg by marriage, and his grandsons divided divided the family possessions into into the two lines of Wertheim and and Breuburg in 1407. The territories were reunited by Michael II, but the male line became extinct in 1556, and the county passed to the House of Stolberg. The death of Ludwig of Stolberg in 1574 1574 led to a disputed succession, but eventually eventually his daughter Anna’s husband Ludwig III of Löwenstein asserted his control of Wertheim by 1598. Counts of Wertheim House of Wertheim :1132–1157: :1163–1170: :1163–1170: & :1165–1183 :1165–1183:: :1212–1237 :1212–1237 1237–1255: 1237–1255: & 1237–1244: 1237–1244: :1260–:1282 & :1260–1303: :1260–1303: :1306–1321: :1306–1321:

Wolfram … count of Wertheim Gerhard … son of (?) Wolfram Poppo I … son of (?) Gerhard; Gerhard; associated associated by 1165 1165 Poppo II … son of Poppo I Poppo III … son of Poppo II Rudolf I … son of Poppo II Poppo IV … son of Poppo III Rudolf II … son of Poppo III Rudolf III … son son of Rudolf II; abdicated, died 1348


& :1306–1355 :1306–1355 & :1306–1329: :1306–1329: 1355–1373 1355–1373 1373–1407 1373–1407 1407–1444 1407–1444 & 1407–1440 1407–1440 1440–1482 1440–1482 1444–1454 1444–1454 1454–1497 1482–1531 1482–1531 & 1482–1509 1482–1509 1531–1556 1531–1556 1556 House of Stolberg 1556–1557 1556–1557 1557–1574 1557–1574

Rudolf IV … son of Rudolf II Rudolf V … son of Rudolf II Eberhard … son of Rudolf IV Johann I … son of Eberhard Johann II, the Younger … … son of Johann I; in Wertheim Michael I … son of Johann I; in in Breuberg Wilhelm … son of Michael I; in Breuberg Georg I … son of Johann II; in Wertheim Johann III, the Canon … son of Georg I; in Wertheim Michael II … son of Wilhelm; in Breuberg; Wertheim 1497 Asmus … son of Wilhelm; in Freudenberg + Georg II … son of Michael II; associated 1509–1530 Michael III … son of Georg II Barbara … daughter of Michael III Katharina … widow of Michael III and mother of Barbara; abdicated, died died 1600 Ludwig … father of Katharina; son of count Botho Botho of Stolberg and and Königstein Königstein (to Löwenstein-Wertheim Löwenstein-Wertheim 1574) WESTPHALIA (WESTFALEN)

When duke Heinrich Heinrich III the Lion of Saxony was deposed in 1180, a significant portion of his lands was allotted to the archbishop of Cologne as the duchy of Westphalia. Westphalia. In 1803, when the archbishopric archbishopric was secularized, the duchy passed to Hesse-Darmstadt, and later to Prussia in 1815. 1815. The name Westphalia, however, however, was now also given to a new kingdom created by the French emperor Napoléon I for his brother Jérôme, consisting of Brunswick, Hesse-Cassel, parts of Hanover and Prussia, the bishoprics of Paderborn, Minden, and Münster, and various other north German principalities. principalities. The kingdom of Westphalia, Westphalia, with its capital at Cassel, lasted for only just over six years, and its territories were redistributed by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. King of Westphalia House of Bonaparte 1807–1813 1807–1813 Hieronymus Napoleon … brother of emperor Napoléon Napoléon I of the French; deposed, deposed, died 1860 (dissolution of the kingdom 1813; mostly to Hanover, Hesse-Cassel, and Prussia)

WIED

The Franconian lordship of Wied north of Koblenz on the Rhine passed to the House of Isenburg by inheritance in 1243, and then, again again by inheritance, to the House of Runkel. In 1454 Friedrich I of Runkel was created count of Wied. His sons Hermann and Friedrich served as archbishop of Köln and bishop of Münster, respectively, and and Johann II’s son Friedrich Friedrich also became archbishop archbishop of Köln. In the 16 th and 17 th centuries the family’s possessions were repeatedly subdivided into two portions, Neuwied and Runkel, with the last division in 1698. The count of Wied-Neuwied was created created an imperial prince in 1784, and the count of Wied-Runkel followed followed suit in 1791. The creation of the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806 1806 mediatized both princely lines in favor of Berg and Nassau; the Congress of Vienna in 1815 gave most of the territories to Prussia, while Nassau kept kept Runkel and Selters; they passed to Prussia Prussia in 1866. In 1914, a descendant descendant of the mediatized princes of Wied-Neuwied, Wilhelm (son of Wilhelm Adolf, son of Wilhelm Hermann Karl, son of Johann August Karl), was elected prince of Albania. Albania. The list includes includes only the princely princely lines of the family. family.


Counts of Wied House of Runkel 1454–1487 1454–1487 1487–1526 1487–1526 & 1487–1533 1487–1533 1533–1535 1533–1535 & 1533–1581 1533–1581 1581–1591 & 1581–1612 1581–1612 1591–1613 & 1591–1613 & 1591–1633 1591–1633

Friedrich I … son of Dietrich IV of Runkel by by Anastasia Anastasia of Isenburg, heiress heiress of Wied Wilhelm III … son of Friedrich I Johann III … son of Friedrich I Philipp … son of Johann III Johann IV … son of Johann III Hermann I … son of Johann IV Wilhelm IV … son of Johann IV Johann Wilhelm … son of Hermann I; to Wied-Neuwied Wied-Neuwie d 1613–1633 Hermann II … son of Hermann I; to Wied-Runkel 1613–1631 Philipp Ludwig I … son of Hermann I (division into Wied-Neuwied and Wied-Runkel 1613)

1613–1633 1633–1638 1638–1698 1638–1698 1698–1737 1698–1737 1737–1791 1737–1791 1791–1802 1791–1802 1802–1806 1802–1806

Counts and Princes of Wied in Neuwied (Lower Wied) Johann Wilhelm … son of count Hermann I of Wied; Wied 1591–1613 Philipp Ludwig II … son of Johann Wilhelm 73 Friedrich … son of of Hermann Hermann II of Wied-Runkel; Wied-Runkel 1631–1638 1631–1638 Friedrich Wilhelm … son of Friedrich Johann Friedrich Alexander … son of Friedrich Friedrich Wilhelm; Wilhelm; prince 1784 Friedrich Karl Karl … son of Johann Friedrich Alexander; abdicated, died 1809 1809 Johann August Karl … son of Friedrich Friedrich Karl; mediatized, died 1836 1836 (divided between Berg and Nassau 1806; to Prussia 1815)

1613–1631 1631–1640 1631–1640 1640–1653 1640–1653 1653–1664 1664–1693 1664–1693 1699–1706 1699–1706 1706–1762 1706–1762 1762–1791 1762–1791 1791–1806 1791–1806

Counts and Princes of Wied in Runkel (Upper Wied) Hermann II … son of count Hermann Hermann I of Wied; Wied Wied 1591–1613 Friedrich … son of Hermann II; abdicated; abdicated; to Wied-Neuwied 1638–1698 1638–1698 Moritz Christian … son of Hermann II Johann Ernst … son of Hermann II Ludwig Friedrich … son of Johann Johann Ernst; abdicated, died 1709 Maximilian Heinrich … son of Georg Georg Hermann Hermann Reinhard, Reinhard, son son of Friedrich Johann Ludwig Adolf … son of Maximilian Maximilian Heinrich; abdicated, died 1762 1762 Christian Ludwig … son of Johann Ludwig Adolf; prince 1791 Karl Ludwig Ludwig Friedrich Friedrich … son of Christian Ludwig; mediatized, died 1824 1824 (divided between Berg and Nassau 1806; to Nassau 1815; to Prussia 1866) WILDGRAVES, RHINEGRAVES, and RAUGRAVES (WILDGRAFEN, RHEINGRAFEN und RAUGRAFEN)

Like the counts of neighboring neighboring Veldenz, this family descended descended from the counts of Nahegau. Nahegau. In the early 12 th century count Emicho I of Kyrburg took the unique title wildgrave ( Wildgraf ) in reference to his forested territory; the descendants of his eldest son continued continued using this title. The younger son adopted another another unique title, raugrave ( Raugraf Raugraf ),), in reference to the rugged rugged terrain of his share share of the inheritance. inheritance. The elder branch (the wildgraves) divided into two main lines, at Kyrburg and Dhaun, both of which were eventually inherited by 1408 by the House of Stein, which governed the neighboring small county of Rheingau–hence their own unique title of rhinegrave ( Rheingraf ).). In 1475 the heir to the wildgraviate/rhinegravia wildgraviate/rhinegraviate te inherited ½ of the county of Upper Salm. With the union of all these territories in 1476, the rulers titled themselves wildgraves wildgraves 73 In

Austrian captivity 1634–1637.


and rhinegraves of Salm (see Salm). The younger branch of the Emichonid family (the raugraves) raugraves) survived in the male line until 1804. 1804. However, after dividing dividing into three branches, they lost most of their lands by pawn pawn or th th sale to the electors Palatine in the 14 and 15 centuries. Despite the loss of the family family holdings, the later descendants of this line claimed the titles raugrave and count of Salm. 74 Wildgraves Emichonid House of Nahegau :1124–1134: :1124–1134: Emicho I … son of of count count Goswin; Goswin; wildgrave, wildgrave, count count of Kyrburg by 1134 1134 :1145–1170: :1145–1170: Konrad I … son of Emicho I & :1145–1148 :1145–1148 Emicho II … son of of Emicho Emicho I; raugrave of Simmern Simmern 1148–117 1148–1172: 2: :1172–1219: :1172–1219: Gerhard I … son of Konrad I 1219:–1263 1219:–1263 Konrad II … son of Gerhard I (division into Kyrburg and Dhaun 1263)

1263–1280: 1263–1280: :1284–1301 :1284–1301 & :1284–1305 :1284–1305 1301–1308: 1301–1308: 1305–1330 1305–1330 :1323–1334: :1323–1334: & :1323–1356 :1323–1356 & :1323–1365 :1323–1365 & :1323–1409 :1323–1409 1356–1385: 1356–1385: & 1356–1408 1356–1408

Wildgraves of Kyrburg Emicho III … son of wildgrave Konrad II Gottfried II, Raub … son of Emicho III Konrad III … son of Emicho III; in in Schmidtburg Friedrich I … son of Gottfried II Heinrich … son of Konrad III; in Schmidtburg Gottfried III … son of Friedrich I Gerhard II … son of Friedrich I Friedrich II … son of Friedrich I Otto … son of Friedrich I; in Dhronecken Friedrich III … son of Gerhard II Gerhard III … son of Gerhard II (to the rhinegraves of Stein 1408)

Wildgraves of Dhaun 1263–1301 1263–1301 Gottfried I … son of wildgrave Konrad II 1301–1309 1301–1309 Konrad III … son of Gottfried I 1309–1350 1309–1350 Johann I … son of Konrad III (to the rhinegraves of Stein 1350) Rhinegraves of Stein, from 1350 Wildgraves and Rhinegraves House of Stein :1194–1220 :1194–1220 1220–1241: 1220–1241: :1250–1305: :1250–1305: & :1250–1268: :1250–1268: :1290–1327 :1290–1327 1327–1333 1327–1333 1333–1383 1333–1383

1383–1428 1383–1428

Wolfram … son of Siegfried of Stein by Lukardis, Lukardis, daughter daughter of rhinegrave Embricho I Embricho III … son of Wolfram Siegfried I … son of Embricho III Werner … son of Embricho III Siegfried II … son of Werner Johann I … son of Siegfried II Johann II … son son of Johann I by Hedwig, daughter daughter of wildgrave Konrad III of Dhaun; Dhaun; 75 wildgrave of Dhaun Dhaun 1350; also inherited ½ of Kyrburg :1323 :1323 Johann III … son of of Johann Johann II; inherited remaining remaining ½ of Kyrburg 1408 76

74 Raugrave Otto had married Marie, daughter of 75 Through his wife Margarete, daughter of

count Heinrich VII of Lower Salm. wildgrave Friedrich I of Kyrburg.


& 1383–1447 1383–1447 1428–1476 1428–1476

Friedrich IV … son of Johann II Johann IV … son of Johann III (union with Upper Salm 1476 77)

Raugraves Emichonid House of Nahegau 1148–1172: 1148–1172: Emicho I … son of wildgrave wildgrave Emicho I; count of Baumburg Baumburg 1148 :1186–1189: :1186–1189: Konrad I … son of Emicho I & :1186–1201: :1186–1201: Emicho II … son of Emicho I 1201:–1230: 1201:–1230: Konrad II … son of Emicho II & 1201:–1229: 1201:–1229: Ruprecht I … son of Emicho II & 1201:–1232: 1201:–1232: Gerhard … son of Emicho II (division into lines of Stolzenberg, Neuenbaumburg, and Altenbaumburg 1230s)

:1239–1279: :1239–1279: :1305–1309 :1305–1309 & :1305–1327: :1305–1327: 1309–1350 1309–1350 & 1309–1340 1309–1340 1340–1341 1350–1358 1350–1358 House of Bolanden 1358–1376 1358–1376 1376–1386 1376–1386

Raugraves in Stolzenberg and Simmern Konrad III … son of Konrad II Georg I … son of Konrad III Konrad IV … son of Konrad III Georg II … son of Georg I Konrad V, the Younger … … son of Georg I; in Nannstein 1323 Johann … son of Konrad V; in Nannstein Wilhelm I … son of Georg II

Philipp II … son of Otto I of Bolanden by Loretta, daughter of Georg I Konrad VI … brother of Philipp II (to the raugraves in Neuenbaumburg 1386 78)

Raugraves in Altenbaumburg Emichonid House of Nahegau :1242–1281 :1242–1281 Ruprecht II … son of Ruprecht I 1281–1316: 1281–1316: Ruprecht III … son of Ruprecht II & 1281–1326 1281–1326 Heinrich III, the Elder … … son of Ruprecht II 1326–1363: 1326–1363: Ruprecht IV … son of Heinrich III :1371–1385 :1371–1385 Heinrich V … son of Ruprecht IV (to the raugraves in Neuenbaumburg :1391 79)

:1242–1261 :1242–1261 1261–1288 1261–1288 1288–1306: 1288–1306: & 1288–1344 1288–1344 1344–1359 1344–1359 1359–1397 1359–1397

Raugraves in Neuenbaumburg Heinrich I … son of Ruprecht I Heinrich II … son of Heinrich I Gottfried … son of Heinrich II Heinrich IV, the Younger … son of Heinrich II Philipp I … son of Heinrich IV Philipp III … son of Philipp Philipp I; husband husband of Anna, daughter daughter of Philipp II of Stolzenberg Stolzenberg

76 Through his wife Adelheid,

daughter of wildgrave Gerhard III of Kyrburg. inherited Upper Salm in 1475. 78 Most of the holdings were already sold to the Palatinate in 1358 (Simmern), 1376, 1376, and 1386. 79 Most of the holdings were already pawned to the Palatinate. 77 Johann IV’s son Johann V had already


& 1359–1361: 1359–1361: 1397–1400 1397–1400 1400–1457 1400–1457

Heinrich VI … son of Philipp I Wilhelm II … son of Philipp III Otto … son of Philipp III; sold sold holdings, died 1464 (to the Palatinate 1457) WINDISCHGRÄTZ

The Austrian lords of Windischgrätz (or Windisch-Grätz) acquired the barony of Waldstein in Thale in 1551, the title of count in 1557, 1557, and were promoted to imperial imperial counts in 1658. 1658. Count Alfred purchased the imperial lordship of Eglofs Eglofs in 1804 and was was promoted to prince in 1805. 1805. A year later the principality was was mediatized in favor of Württemberg. Württemberg. The list includes only the princely branch of the family. Counts and Princes of Windischgrätz House of Windischgrätz 1658–1695 1658–1695 Karl Gottlieb I … son of count Bartholomäus Bartholomäus of of Windischgrätz; Windischgrätz; imperial imperial count 1658 1695–1727 1695–1727 Ernst Friedrich … son of Karl Gottlieb I 1727–1746 1727–1746 Leopold Victorin … son of Karl Gottlieb I 1746–1802 1746–1802 Joseph Nikolaus … son of Leopold Leopold Karl, Karl, son of Leopold Leopold Victorin Victorin 1802–1806 1802–1806 Alfred … son of Joseph Nikolaus; prince 1805; 1805; mediatized, died 1862 1862 (to Württemberg 1806) WÜRTTEMBERG

The Swabian lordship of Württemberg around Stuttgart became a county in 1241 and was greatly increased in size by the counts through conquests, marriages, marriages, purchases, and imperial grants. grants. In this fashion, the counts of Württemberg obtained Urach, Teck, and Montbéliard. The territory was declared indivisible in 1473 and the emperor promoted the ambitious ambitious Eberhard VI to duke in 1495. In the 16 th century Württemberg suffered from imperial intervention and controversies surrounding the Reformation, but the dynasty managed to maintain itself. Unusually for southern southern Germany, Germany, the dynasty adopted the Protestantism. Protestantism. During the Napoleonic wars Württemberg became an electorate in 1803 and then a kingdom in 1806, which controlled the largest portion of the old duchy of Swabia. Swabia. The kingdom of Württemberg Württemberg survived a conflict conflict with Prussia in the 1860s and joined the German Empire in 1871. 1871. In 1918 Wilhelm Karl Florestan, Florestan, son of duke Friedrich of Urach, son of Wilhelm, son of duke duke Friedrich II Eugen of Württemberg, was was briefly king of Lithuania. The monarchy ended, as elsewhere, in 1918. For the collateral lines of Montbéliard and Oels (Oleśnica), see there. Counts of Württemberg House of Württemberg 1240–c .1243 .1243 Eberhard I … son of lord Ludwig of Württemberg & 1240–1265 1240–1265 Ulrich I, the Founder … … brother of Eberhard I; count 1241 1265–1279 1265–1279 Ulrich II … son of Ulrich I 1279–1325 1279–1325 Eberhard II, the Illustrious … son of Ulrich I 1325–1344 1325–1344 Ulrich III … son of Eberhard II 1344–1392 1344–1392 Eberhard III, the Wrangler … … son of Ulrich III & 1344–1366 1344–1366 Ulrich IV … son of Ulrich III 1392–1417 1392–1417 Eberhard IV, the Mild … … son of Ulrich, son of Eberhard III 1417–1419 1417–1419 Eberhard V, the Younger … … son of Eberhard IV 1419–1450 1419–1450 Ludwig I … son of Eberhard V; in Urach 1441 & 1419–1480 1419–1480 Ulrich V, the Beloved … … son of Eberhard V; in Stuttgart 1441 1450–1457 1450–1457 Ludwig II … son of Ludwig I


& 1450–1495 1450–1495 1480–1496 1480–1496

1495–1496 1495–1496 1496–1498 1496–1498 1498–1519 1498–1519 1519–1534 1519–1534 1534–1550 1534–1550 1550–1568 1550–1568 1568–1593 1593–1608 1593–1608 1608–1628 1608–1628 1628–1674 1628–1674 1674–1677 1674–1677 1677–1733 1677–1733 1733–1737 1733–1737 1737–1793 1737–1793 1793–1795 1795–1797 1795–1797 1797–1803 1797–1803

Erberhard VI, the Bearded … … son of Ludwig I; duke 1495–1496 Eberhard VII, the Younger … … son of Ulrich V; duke 1496–1498; died 1504 Dukes of Württemberg Eberhard I, the Bearded … … former count of Württemberg 1450–1495 1450–1495 Eberhard II, the Younger … … former count of Württemberg 1480–1496; 1480–1496; deposed, died 1504 Ulrich … son of count Henri Henri of Montbéliard, son of Ulrich V; V; deposed (to the Empire) Ulrich … restored Christoph … son of Ulrich Ludwig, the Pious … son of Christoph Friedrich I … son of count count Georges Georges of Montbéliard, brother of of Ulrich Johann Friedrich … son of Friedrich I Eberhard III … son of Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig … son of Eberhard III Eberhard IV Ludwig … son of Wilhelm Ludwig Karl I Alexander … son of of duke Friedrich Karl of Winnental, Winnental, son of Eberhard III Karl II Eugen … son of Karl I Ludwig Eugen … son of Karl I Friedrich II Eugen … son of Karl I Friedrich III, the Fat … … son of Friedrich II Eugen; elector 1803–1805; 1803–1805; king 1806–1816

1803–1816 1803–1816 1816–1864 1816–1864 1864–1891 1864–1891 1891–1918 1891–1918

Electors and Kings of Württemberg Friedrich I, the Fat … … former duke of Württemberg 1797; elector 1803; king 1806 Wilhelm I … son of Friedrich I Karl I … son of Wilhelm I Wilhelm II … son of Friedrich, son of Paul, son son of Friedrich I; deposed, died 1921 (to Germany 1918)

1617–1635 1617–1635 1635–1651 1635–1651 1651–1662 1651–1662 1662–1705 1662–1705

Dukes of Württemberg in Weiltingen Julius Friedrich … son of duke Friedrich I of Württemberg Roderich … son of Julius Friedrich Manfred … son of Julius Friedrich Friedrich Ferdinand … son of Manfred (to Württemberg 1705)

1649–1682 1649–1682 1682–1716 1682–1716 1716–1742 1716–1742

Dukes of Württemberg in Neustadt Friedrich … son son of duke Johann Friedrich of Württemberg + Ulrich … brother of Friedrich; associated in Neuenburg 1649–1671 Friedrich August … son of Friedrich Karl Rudolf … son of Friedrich (to Württemberg 1742) WÜRZBURG

The bishops of Würzburg controlled a sizeable principality in Eastern Franconia, and from the 15 th century claimed the ducal title. title. When the bishopric bishopric was secularized in 1803, this territory territory was granted to Bavaria. Bavaria. In


1805 the duchy of Würzburg was given as compensation to the Habsburg former grand duke of Tuscany, who had been deprived of Tuscany in 1801 1801 and of Salzburg in 1805. In 1806 he was raised to the rank of grand duke of Würzburg, which he retained until the fall of Napoléon and an Austro-Bavarian agreement in 1814, which returned Würzburg Würzburg to Bavaria Bavaria in exchange exchange for Salzburg. The grand duke duke was restored to Tuscany. Duke and Grand Duke of Würzburg Habsburg-Lorraine House of Austria 1806–1814 1806–1814 Ferdinand … son of emperor Leopold II; duke; grand-duke grand-duke 1806; 1806; Tuscany Tuscany 1791–1801 1791–1801 and 1814–1824 (to Bavaria 1814) ZÄHRINGEN

The House of Zähringen achieved prominence as rulers in Breisgau in the mid-11 th century, and in 1061 Berthold the Bearded was invested as duke of Carinthia and margrave margrave of Verona. He lost these titles because of opposing the emperor in the Investiture Controversy, but his son married the heiress of the Rheinfelden duke of Swabia, and attempted to assert assert his rights in Swabia. Finally coming to terms with his Hohenstaufen Hohenstaufen rivals and with the emperor, Berthold II was recognized recognized as duke of Zähringen in 1100. In 1127 the duke of Zähringen was recognized imperial rector in Burgundy, a title retained until the extinction of the ducal line in 1218. The private possessions of the last dukes were divided among among his sisters’ husbands, the counts of Urach and Kiburg. Possession of Breisgau eventually eventually passed to Austria (contested by Bavaria and and France), and in 1803 a duchy of Breisgau was created to compensate Ercole III d’Este of Modena and his son-in-law Ferdinand of Habsburg-Lorraine Habsburg-Lorraine for the loss of their Italian territories. This short-lived state was quickly quickly divided between Bade and Württemberg in 1805, before passing to Bade in its entirety in 1810. Counts and Dukes of Zähringen House of Zähringen 1061–1078 1061–1078 Berthold I, the Bearded … … son of count Berthold III of Breisgau; duke of Carinthia 1061–1072, 1061–1072, margrave of Verona 1061–1077 1078–1111 1078–1111 Berthold II … son of Berthold I; rival duke of Swabia 1092–1098; 1092–1098; duke of Zähringen Zähringen 1100; married Agnes, daughter of duke Rudolf I of Swabia 1111–1122 1111–1122 Berthold III … son of Berthold II 1122–1152 1122–1152 Konrad … son of Berthold II 1152–1186 1152–1186 Berthold IV … son of Konrad 1186–1218 1186–1218 Berthold V … son of Berthold IV 1218–1803 1218–1803 (divided between between Kiburg and Urach-Freiburg Urach-Freiburg 1218; 1218; to Habsburg Austria 1368; 1368; Bavaria Bavaria 1644; 1644; to France 1677; to Austria 1697; to France 1713; to Austria 1714; to France 1744; to Austria 1748; to France 1801)

Dukes of Breisgau House of Este

1803 Herkules (Ercole (Ercole III) … son of duke Francesco III of Modena; Modena 1780–1796 1780–1796 80 Habsburg-Lorraine House of Austria 1803–1805 1803–1805 Ferdinand … son of emperor Franz Franz I; duke of Breisgau as husband husband of Maria Beatrice, Beatrice, daughter of Herkules; abdicated, died 1806 (divided between Bade and Württemberg 1805; to Bade 1810)

80 Ercole III

was compensated with Breisgau, including Freiburg, in exchange for his duchy of Modena in 1801, but the area remained occupied by the French until his death in 1803.


ZÜTPHEN

The lordship of Zütphen, a vassal of Lower Lorraine, passed from one leading German family to another, until the mid-11th century. In 1046 it was granted granted to Godschalk of Twente as as vassal of of the bishop of of Utrecht. In 1101 lord Otto II was raised to the status of count. In 1138 countess Ermgard Ermgard was succeeded by her son, count Heinrich of Guelders, and Zütphen Zütphen remained united with with Guelders for centuries. When Guelders split up in 1581, Zütphen passed to the independent Netherlands. Lords and Counts of Zütphen Conradine House of Franconia 1018–1025 1018–1025 Otto I … son of count Heribert of Wetterau, son of count Udo, Udo, son of duke Gebhard of Lorraine; abdicated, died 1036 Ezzonid House of Lorraine 1025–1031 1025–1031 Liudolf … husband of Mathilda, Mathilda, daughter of Otto I; son of count palatine Ezzo 1031–1033 1031–1033 Hendrik I, the Old … … son of Liudolf 1033–1042 Koenraad I … son of Liudolf; deposed; duke of Bavaria 1049–1053; died 1055 House of Verdun 1042–1044 Gozelo, the Great … … brother of Ermgard, widow of Otto I; son of vice-duke Gottfried II of Lower Lorraine; Lower Lorraine 1023–1044 1023–1044 1044–1046 Godfried, the Bearded … … son of Gozelo; deposed; also Upper Lorraine; Lower Lorraine 1065–1069 House of Twente 1046–1063 1046–1063 Godschalk … husband of Adelheid, daughter daughter of Liudolf; son son of count Hermann Hermann II of Nifterlake Nifterlake 1063–1113 1063–1113 Otto II, the Rich … son of Gottschalk; count 1101 1113–1127 1113–1127 Hendrik II, the Elder … … son of Otto II 1127–1138 1127–1138 Ermgard … daughter of Otto II & 1127–1131 Gerard, the Tall of of Guelders … husband of Ermgard; son of count Gerhard I of Guelders & :1134–1136 :1134–1136 Koenraad II of Luxembourg … married Ermgard; son son of count Wilhelm Wilhelm I of Luxembourg Luxembourg (to Guelders 1138; to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; to the independent Netherlands 1581) ZWEIBRÜCKEN

In c .1193 .1193 count Heinrich of Saarbrücken took Zweibrücken as his share of his father’s inheritance by partition with his brother. His grandsons divided their possessions possessions again again in 1297, 1297, with Zweibrücken Zweibrücken retained by Walram I, while while Bitsch passed to his brother Eberhard Eberhard I, and Eberstein Eberstein to the sons of their deceased brother brother Simon. In 1385 Eberhard II sold ½ of Zweibrücken to the Palatinate, which took possession possession of the rest of the county on his death in 1394. From 1410 to 1799 Zweibrücken Zweibrücken was ruled by its own branch of the Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate. Palatinate. It passed to France in 1801, 1801, but was recovered by Bavaria Bavaria in 1815. The rulers of Eberstein and Bitsch also used the title “count of Zweibrücken.” The counts of Zweibrücken-Bitsch became became extinct in the male line in 1570, and through Jakob’s daughter Ludovica Margaretha a share of the family lands passed to her son, son, Johann Reinhard Reinhard I of Hanau-Lichtenberg. Hanau-Lichtenberg. Counts of Zweibrücken Luxembourg House of Saarbrücken c .1193–1228 .1193–1228 Heinrich I … son of count count Simon Simon I of Saarbrücken; Saarbrücken; Saarbrücken c .1183– .1183– c .1193 .1193 1228–1282 1228–1282 Heinrich II, the Warlike … son of Heinrich I 1282–1297 1282–1297 Eberhard I … son son of Heinrich II; to Bitsch 1297– c .1321 .1321 & 1282–1308 1282–1308 Walram I … son of Heinrich II 1308–1312 Simon … son of Walram I 1312–1366 1312–1366 Walram II … son of Simon


1366–1394 1366–1394

1297–c .1321 .1321 c .1321–1355 .1321–1355 1355–1400 1400–c .1418 .1418 & 1400–1407 1400–1407 c .1418–1420: .1418–1420: & c .1418–1474 .1418–1474 1474–1499 1474–1499 1499–1532 1499–1532 1532–1540 1532–1540 1540–1570 1540–1570

Eberhard … son of Walram II (to the Palatinate 1394) Counts of Zweibrücken in Bitsch Eberhard I … son of count Heinrich Heinrich II of Zweibrücken; Zweibrücken 1282–1297 1282–1297 Simon I … son of Eberhard I Johann I ( Hanemann) … son of Simon I Johann II ( Hanemann) … son of Johann I Simon II Wecker … son of Johann I Simon III … son of Johann II Friedrich … son of Johann II Simon IV Wecker … son son of of Friedrich; Friedrich; inherited inherited ½ Lichtenberg Reinhard … son of Simon IV Wecker Simon V Wecker … son of Reinhard Jakob … son of Reinhard; purchased Ochsenstein 1543 (to Hanau-Lichtenberg 1570)

ADDENDA: CITIES AND BISHOPS, ARCHBISHOP-ELECTORS OF MAINZ, COLOGNE, COLOGNE, & TRIER

The lists above treat secular monarchs of various ranks who ruled polities within the Holy Roman Empire during the medieval medieval and modern periods. periods. But the Empire also included free imperial imperial cities that enjoyed enjoyed autonomy from local feudal and ecclesiastical princes and were (theoretically) subject only to the emperor himself. This status was conferred gradually gradually to many of the leading urban and commercial centers, like Bremen, Bremen, Lübeck, and Nürnberg; the establishment of a free imperial city would force even the most powerful prelates to give up on their attempts to control the very towns to which they owed their titles, as at Cologne, Mainz, and Augsburg. While the Holy Roman Empire and and the German kingdom did not have a permanent, permanent, fully-fledged capital in the modern sense sense of the word, this function was was largely fulfilled by Frankfurt. An old royal residence, this was the traditional setting for royal elections, and also the place of royal and imperial coronations from the 16th century. Other cities were not lagging far far behind: Aachen was the earlier traditional traditional coronation site, site, and Nürnberg, Regensburg, and Augsburg the usual places for convening convening the imperial diets (assemblies). Mainz was the most prestigious religious center, since its archbishop enjoyed the status of primate of the German clergy. The vast majority of imperial cities were mediatized in 1803 and allotted to the neighboring principalities. principalities. The close cooperation between church and state in the early medieval period, and the great dependency of the state administration (such as it was) on the church and clerics resulted in the endowment and investment of religious institutions institutions with fiefs and estates. This included not not only archbishoprics and bishoprics, bishoprics, but even abbeys. Indeed ecclesiastical principalities principalities were more common and widespread widespread in the Holy Roman Empire than in any other part of Europe. Some of these principalities principalities compared favorably favorably with most of the secular polities polities within the Empire: for example those of Utrecht, Liège (Lüttich), Bremen, Magdeburg, Bamberg, Würzburg, Augsburg, Salzburg, Aquileia, Aquileia, Trento (Trient), and Basel. Most renowned renowned were naturally the archbishops archbishops of Mainz, Cologne, and Trier, who served as three of the electors of the Holy Roman Roman Empire. The high clergy, vested as it was with both religious authority and secular power, naturally became effectively monopolized by noble families of various various ranks. For this reason, the archbishops archbishops of the three ecclesiastical ecclesiastical electorates who who officiated between the accession of Pippin the Short in 751 and the general secularization of ecclesiastical principalities in 1802 are listed listed below. MAINZ

The bishop of Mainz was was promoted to archbishop in 747. 747. By the 14 th century he had acquired primacy over all his peers within the Empire, serving as imperial elector, arch-chancellor of Germany, president of the electoral


college, and primate primate of the German clergy. Since the 12th century the archbishops resided in Aschaffenburg instead of Mainz. In 1801 the archbishopric’s archbishopric’s holdings west of the Rhine (including (including Mainz itself) were lost to France, Mainz was demoted to a mere bishopric, and the archbishopric was transferred to Regensburg (see Dalberg). Shorn of much of its possessions east east of the Rhine by the secularization secularization of 1803, the remainder remainder of the archbishopric were reconstituted as the principality of Aschaffenburg and turned over to the former archbishop of Mainz, Karl Karl Theodor of Dalberg. After the collapse of the Napoleonic Napoleonic order in Germany Mainz passed to Hesse-Darmstadt. Hesse-Darmstadt.

745–754 755–786 787–813 813–825 826–847 847–856 856–863 863–889 889–891 891–913 913–927 927–937 937–954 954–968 968–970 970–975 975–1011 1011–1021 1011–1021 1021–1031 1021–1031 1031–1051 1051–1059 1051–1059 1060–1084 1060–1084 1084–1088 1088–1109 1111–1137 1111–1137 1138–1141 1138–1141 1141–1142 1142–1153 1142–1153 1153–1160 1153–1160 1160 1160–1161 1160–1161 1161–1165 1161–1165 1165–1183 1165–1183 1183–1200

Archbishops of Mainz Bonifatius 81 Lullus 82 Richulf Haistulf Otgar … kinsman of Richulf Rabanus, Maurus 83 … son of Walram Karl … son of king Pépin I of Aquitaine Liutbert … arch-chancellor Sunderold Hatto I Heriger … arch-chancellor Hildebert Friedrich Wilhelm … bastard bastard son of emperor emperor Otto Otto I; arch-chancellor (office retained by successors) successors) Hatto II Ruprecht Willigis 84 Erkanbald … son of count Altmann of Ölsburg Aribo … son of count palatine Aribo I of Bavaria Bardo 85 … son of count Adalbero/Bardo Leopold I of Bogen Bogen … son of margrave Leopold I of Austria Siegfried I … son of count Siegfried of Königssondergau Königssondergau Wezilo Ruthard Adalbert I … son of count Sigebert of Saarbrücken Adalbert II … son of count count Friedrich Friedrich I of Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, brother of Adalbert I Markolf Heinrich I of Harburg Arnold of Selenhofen Rudolf of Zähringen … son of duke duke Konrad Konrad of Zähringen; deposed, died 1191 1191 Christian I of Buch … rival archbishop since 1160; deposed Konrad I of Wittelsbach Wittelsbach … son of count palatine palatine Otto II of Bavaria; deposed Christian I of Buch … restored Konrad I of Wittelsbach … restored

81 Originally named Winfried, canonized as 82 Canonized as saint in 852. 83 Beatified or canonized as saint. 84 Canonized as saint. 85 Canonized as saint.

saint.


1200–1208 1200–1208 1208–1230 1208–1230 1230–1249 1230–1249 1249–1251 1249–1251 1251–1259 1259–1284 1259–1284 1286–1288 1286–1288 1288–1305 1288–1305 1306–1320 1306–1320 1321–1328 1321–1328 1328–1337 1328–1337 1328–1346 1328–1346 1346–1371 1346–1371 1371–1373 1374–1381 1374–1381 1381–1390 1381–1390 1390–1396 1390–1396 1396–1397 1396–1397 1397–1419 1419–1434 1419–1434 1434–1459 1434–1459 1459–1461 1459–1461 1461–1475 1461–1475 1475–1482 1475–1482 1482–1484 1482–1484 1484–1504 1504–1508 1504–1508 1508–1514 1514–1545 1514–1545 1545–1555 1555–1582 1555–1582 1582–1601 1582–1601 1601–1604 1601–1604 1604–1626 1604–1626 1626–1629 1626–1629 1629–1647 1647–1673 1647–1673

Leopold II of Schönfeld … deposed, died 1217 Siegfried II of Eppstein Eppstein … son of Gerhard I of Eppstein; Eppstein; rival archbishop since since 1200 Siegfried III of Eppstein Eppstein … son of Gottfried I of Eppstein, Eppstein, brother of Siegfried II Christian II of Bolanden … son of count Werner II of Bolanden; Bolanden; deposed, died 1253 1253 Gerhard I of Dhaun … son of wildgrave Konrad Konrad II of Dhaun, son of wildgrave wildgrave Gerhard I by Agnes of Wittelsbach, daughter of count palatine Otto IV of Bavaria, brother of Konrad I Werner of Eppstein … son of Gerhard Gerhard II of Eppstein, Eppstein, brother brother of Siegfried III Heinrich II of Isny Gerhard II of Eppstein Eppstein … son of Gottfried II of Eppstein, Eppstein, brother of Siegfried III Peter of Aspelt Matthias of Buchegg … son son of of count count Heinrich Heinrich of Buchegg Buchegg (regency of Balduin, archbishop archbishop of of Trier; son of count Henri Henri VI of Luxembourg; Luxembourg; died 1354) Heinrich III of Virneburg … son of count count Ruprecht II of Virneburg, brother of of archbishop Heinrich II of Cologne; deposed, died 1353 Gerlach of Nassau … son of count Gerlach Gerlach I of of Nassau-Wiesbaden, Nassau-Wiesbaden, son of king Adolf of Germany; elector from 1356 Johann I of Luxemburg … son of count count Jean of Luxemburg-Ligny Luxemburg-Ligny Ludwig of Meissen … son of margrave Friedrich II of Meissen; Meissen; abdicated, abdicated, died 1382 Adolf I of Nassau … son of count Adolf I of Nassau-WiesbadenNassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, Idstein, brother of Gerlach Konrad II of Weinsberg … son of Engelhard VI of of Weinsberg Weinsberg Gottfried of Leiningen … son of count Emich VI of Leiningen-Dagsburg; Leiningen-Dagsburg; deposed, died 1409 Johann II of Nassau … brother of Adolf I Konrad III of Dhaun … son of wildgrave/rhinegra wildgrave/rhinegrave ve Johann Johann II Dietrich Schenk Schenk von Erbach … son of Eberhard Eberhard X Schenk von Erbach Erbach Diether of Isenburg … son of count Diether I of Isenburg-Büdingen; Isenburg-Büdingen; deposed Adolf II of Nassau Nassau … son son of count Adolf II of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, son son of count Walram II, brother brother of Adolf I Diether of Isenburg … restored (regency of Adalbert III, son of elector Ernst of Saxony) Berthold of Henneberg … son of count Georg I of Henneberg-Römhild Henneberg-Römhild by Johanna Johanna of Nassau-Weilburg, Nassau-Weilburg, daughter of count Philipp I of Nassau-Weilburg, son of Johann I, brother of Gerlach Jakob of Liebenstein Liebenstein … son of Peter Peter II of Liebenstein Uriel of Gemmingen … son of Hans of Gemmingen Albrecht of Brandenburg … son son of of elector elector Johann Johann of Brandenburg Brandenburg Sebastian Sebasti an of Heusenstamm … son of Martin I of Heusenstamm Daniel Brendel von Homburg … son son of Friedrich Brendel von Homburg Wolfgang of Dalberg … son of Friedrich of Dalberg Johann Adam Adam of Bicken … son of Philipp of Bicken by by Anna Brendel von Homburg, 86 sister of Daniel Johann Schweikhard von Kronberg … son of Hartmut Hartmut XIII of Kronberg Georg Friedrich Friedrich of Greiffenclau … son of Dietrich Dietrich of Greiffenclau-Vollrads, Greiffenclau-Vollrads, son of Richard, son of Friedrich, brother of archbishop Richard of Trier Anselm Casimir Wambolt von von Umstadt … son of Eberhard Wambolt von Umstadt Johann Philipp of Schönborn … son of Georg of Schönborn

86 However, W. Möller,

Stamm-Tafeln westdeutscher Adels-Geschlechter im Mittelalter , IV (Darmstadt, 1951): 58, has Johann Adam as the son of Konrad V of Bicken.


1673–1675 1673–1675 1675–1678 1675–1678 1679 1679–1695 1679–1695 1695–1729 1695–1729 1729–1732 1729–1732 1732–1743 1732–1743 1743–1763 1743–1763 1763–1774 1763–1774 1774–1802 1774–1802 1802–1803 1802–1803

Lothar Friedrich of Metternich … son son of Gerhard of Metternich-Burscheid Metternich-Burscheid Damian Hartard of Leyen Leyen … brother of archbishop Karl Kaspar Kaspar of Trier Trier Karl Heinrich Heinrich of Metternich … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm of Metternich-Winneburg, Metternich-Winneburg, son of Johann Johann Dietrich, brother of archbishop Lothar of Trier Anselm Franz of Ingelheim … son son of Georg Hans of Ingelheim Lothar Franz Franz of Schönborn … son of Philipp Erwein of Schönborn, brother brother of Johann Philipp, Philipp, by Maria Ursula, daughter of Heinrich of Greiffenclau, brother of Georg Friedrich Franz Ludwig Ludwig of the Palatinate Palatinate … son of elector Philipp Philipp Wilhelm of the Palatinate; Trier 1716–1729 Philipp Karl of Eltz … son of Johann Johann Jakob Jakob of Eltz, son of Johann Anton, Anton, son of Johann Reichard, son of Georg, brother of archbishop Jakob III of Trier Johann Friedrich Friedrich Karl of Ostein … son of Johann Johann Franz Sebastian of Ostein by Anna Karolina Maria of Schönborn, sister of archbishop Franz Georg of Trier Emmerich Joseph of Breidbach Breidbach … son of Ferdinand Ferdinand Damian Damian of Breidbach-Bürresheim Breidbach-Bürresheim Friedrich Karl Karl Joseph Joseph of Erthal … son of Philipp Philipp Christoph Christoph of of Erthal Erthal Karl Theodor Theodor of Dalberg … son of Franz Heinrich Heinrich of Dalberg, son son of Wolff Eberhard Eberhard by Anna Maria, daughter of Johann Erwein of Greiffenclau, son of Georg Philipp, son of Heinrich, brother of Georg Friedrich; elector of Regensburg 1803–1810, 1803–1810, grand duke of Frankfurt 1810–1813, died 1817 (partly to France 1801; remainder divided between Prussia, Hesse-Cassel, HesseDarmstadt, Nassau-Usingen, Löwenstein-Wertheim, Löwenstein-Wertheim, Hohenlohe, Isenburg, Linange, Salm-Reifferscheidt, and Dalberg 1803; Mainz to Hesse-Darmstadt 1815) COLOGNE (KÖLN)

The bishopric of Cologne was was raised to archbishopric in 795. 795. By the 14 th century the archsbihop was serving as an imperial elector elector and as arch-chancellor arch-chancellor of Italy. In addition to other widespread landholdings, landholdings, the archbishop was invested with with the duchy of Westphalia, carved out of the old duchy of Saxony, Saxony, in 1180. In 1801 the archbishopric’s lands west of the Rhine were annexed by France; the remainder was secularized in 1803 and divided among among secular principalities. In 1815 the entire territory of the former archbishopric passed to Prussia.

750–753 753–763 763–782 782–818 819–841 842 842–849 850–863 864–866 866–870 870–889 890–924 924–953

Archbishops of Cologne Hildegar Berethelm Richulf Hildebold … archbishop from 795 Hadebald Liutbert Hilduin Günther … son of count Gerulf I of West Frisia; deposed Hugo I, the Abbot … … son of count Conrad I of Auxerre; deposed, died 886 Günther … restored; abdicated, died 873 Willibert Hermann I … son son of count Erenfried Erenfried I of Bliesgau Bliesgau by Adelgonde, daughter of count Conrad II of Auxerre, brother of Hugo I Wigfried … son of count Gerhard Gerhard of Metzgau by Oda, daughter daughter of duke Otto I of Saxony


953–965 965–969 969–976 976–985 984–999 999–1021 1021–1036 1021–1036 1036–1056 1036–1056 1056–1075 1056–1075 1076–1078 1079–1089 1089–1099 1089–1099 1100–1131 1100–1131 1131–1137 1131–1137 1137 1137–1151 1137–1151 1151–1156 1151–1156 1156–1158 1156–1158 1159–1167 1159–1167 1167–1191 1167–1191 1191–1193 1191–1193 1193–1205 1193–1205 1205–1208 1205–1208 1208–1212 1208–1212 1212–1216 1212–1216 1216–1225 1216–1225 1225–1238 1225–1238 1238–1261 1261–1274 1261–1274 1275–1297 1275–1297 1297–1304 1304–1332 1304–1332 1332–1349 1332–1349 1349–1362 1349–1362 1362–1363 1362–1363 1363–1364 1363–1364

Bruno I 87 … son of king Heinrich I of Germany, brother of Wigfried’s mother Oda Volkmar … son of (?) count Friedrich II of Harzgau Gero … son son of (?) margrave Christian of Thuringia Warin Everger Heribert 88 … son of count Hugo of Wormsgau Pilgrim … son of count Chadalo Chadalo of Isengau, brother brother of Aribo of Mainz; arch-chancellor arch-chancellor of Italy from 1031 Hermann II … son son of count palatine palatine Erenfried Erenfried of Lorraine by Mathilde, daughter daughter of emperor Otto II Anno II of Steußlingen 89 … son of Walter of Steußlingen Hildolf Sigewin, the Pious Hermann III, the Rich, of Cleves … brother of count Gerhard I of Hochstaden Friedrich I of Schwarzenburg Schwarzenburg … son of count count Berthold I of Schwarzenburg Bruno II of Berg … son of count Adolf I of Berg Hugo II of Sponheim … son son of of count count Stephan II of Sponheim Arnold I of Randerath Randerath … son son of of Harper Harper I of Randerath Arnold II of Wied … son son of count count Metfried Metfried of Wied Friedrich II of Berg … son of count Adolf II of Berg, brother of Bruno II Rainald of Dassel Dassel … son of count count Rainald Rainald I of Dassel Philipp I of Heinsberg Heinsberg … son of Goswin II of Heinsberg; Heinsberg; duke of Westphalia Westphalia 1180 1180 Bruno III of Berg … brother of Friedrich Friedrich II; abdicated, died c .1200 .1200 Adolf I of Berg … son of count count Eberhard I of Altena, brother brother of Bruno III; deposed Bruno IV of Sayn … son of count Eberhard I of Sayn Dietrich I of Hengebach ... deposed, died c .1224 .1224 Adolf I of Berg … restored; deposed, died 1220 Engelbert I of Berg 90 … son of count Engelbert I of Berg, brother of Bruno III Heinrich I of Müllenark Konrad I of Hochstaden Hochstaden … son of count Lothar Lothar I of Are-Hochstaden, Are-Hochstaden, son son of count Dietrich, son of count Otto of Are by Adelheid, daughter of count Gerhard II of Hochstaden, brother of Hermann III Engelbert II of Heinsberg Heinsberg … son of count Dietrich Dietrich I of of Heinsberg, Heinsberg, son of count Arnold by Adelheid, daughter of Gottfried, brother of Philipp I Siegfried of Westerburg … son of Siegfried Siegfried IV of Westerburg-Runkel Westerburg-Runkel Wigbold of Holte Heinrich II of Virneburg … son son of of count count Heinrich Heinrich of Virneburg Walram of Jülich Jülich … son son of of count count Gerhard Gerhard V of Jülich Wilhelm of Gennep Johann of of Virneburg… son of count Ruprecht Ruprecht III of Virneburg (by Agnes of Westerburg, Westerburg, daughter of Heinrich I of Westerburg-Runkel, Westerburg-Runkel, brother of Siegfried), son of Ruprecht II, brother of Heinrich II; deposed, died 1371 Adolf II of Mark … son of count Adolf II of Mark, Mark, brother of Engelbert III (below); abdicated, died 1394

87 Canonized as saint. 88 Canonized as saint

c .1074. .1074.

89 Canonized as saint 1183. 90 Canonized as saint.


1364–1368 1368–1370 1368–1370 1370–1414 1370–1414 1414–1463 1414–1463 1463–1480 1463–1480 1480–1508 1508–1515 1508–1515 1515–1546 1515–1546 1547–1556 1547–1556 1556–1558 1556–1558 1558–1562 1558–1562 1562–1567 1562–1567 1567–1577 1567–1577 1577–1582 1577–1582 1583–1612 1583–1612 1612–1650 1612–1650 1650–1688 1650–1688 1688–1723 1688–1723 1723–1761 1723–1761 1761–1784 1761–1784 1784–1801 1784–1801 1801–1803 1801–1803

Engelbert III of Mark … son son of count Engelbert II of Mark (regency of of Kuno, Kuno, son of Kuno I of Falkenstein-Münzenberg; Falkenstein-Münzenberg; Trier 1362–1388) 1362–1388) Friedrich III of Saarwerden Saarwerden … son of count Johann Johann II of Saarwerden, Saarwerden, son of count Friedrich II, brother of Johanna, mother of Kuno Dietrich II of Mörs … son of count Friedrich III of Mörs by Walburga, Walburga, sister sister of Friedrich III Ruprecht of the Palatinate Palatinate … son of elector Ludwig Ludwig III of the Palatinate; in Burgundian Burgundian captivity from 1478 Hermann IV, the Pacific , of Hesse … son of landgrave Ludwig II of Hesse; regent since 1478 Philipp II of Daun … son son of of Wilrich Wilrich IV of Daun-Oberstein Hermann V of Wied … son of count Friedrich I of Wied; deposed, deposed, died 1552 Adolf III of Schaumburg Schaumburg … son of count Jobst Jobst I of Schaumburg-Holstein-Pi Schaumburg-Holstein-Pinneberg; nneberg; regent since 1546 Anton of Schaumburg … brother of Adolf III Johann Gebhard of Mansfeld Mansfeld … son of count Ernst II of Mansfeld-Vorderort Mansfeld-Vorderort Friedrich IV of Wied … son of count Johann III of Wied, brother brother of Hermann V; abdicated, abdicated, died 1568 Salentin of of Isenburg … son of count count Heinrich Heinrich of Isenburg-Grenzau, Isenburg-Grenzau, brother of archbishop archbishop Johann V of Trier; abdicated, died died 1610 Gebhard of Waldburg … son of count Wilhelm of of Waldburg-Trauchburg; Waldburg-Trauchburg; deposed, died 1601 Ernst of Bavaria … son son of duke Albrecht V of Bavaria Ferdinand of Bavaria … son of duke Wilhelm V of Bavaria, Bavaria, brother of Ernst Maximilian Heinrich of Bavaria … son of landgrave landgrave Albrecht II of Leuchtenberg, brother of Ferdinand Joseph Clemens Clemens of Bavaria … son of elector Ferdinand Maria of Bavaria, son of elector Maximilian I, brother of Ferdinand Clemens August of Bavaria Bavaria … son of elector Maximilian Maximilian II of Bavaria, Bavaria, brother of Joseph Clemens Clemens Maximilian Friedrich of Königsegg … son of count Albert Eusebius Eusebius Franz of KönigseggKönigseggRothenfels Maximilian Franz of Austria Austria … son son of emperor Franz I Anton Viktor Viktor of Austria … son of emperor Leopold Leopold II, brother of Maximilian Franz; deposed, died 1835 (partly to France 1801; remainder divided between Nassau-Usingen, Wied, Arenberg, and Hesse-Darmstadt 1803; to Prussia 1815) TRIER

Trier became a major Christian center in the 4 th century as the capital of the Roman prefecture of the Gauls; its bishop was quickly raised raised to the rank of archbishop. archbishop. By the 14 th century the archbishop of Trier served as imperial elector and and arch-chancellor arch-chancellor of Burgundy. The archbishops archbishops resided at Koblenz. In 1801 1801 the archbishopric’s lands west of the Rhine were annexed by France, and in 1803 the remainder was secularized; in 1815 most of it was turned over to Prussia.

671–697 697–718 718–758 758–791 791–804 804–809

Archbishops of Trier Basinus … abdicated, died 706 Liutwin … son of count count Gerwin by Gunza, sister of Basinus Basinus Milo … son of Liutwin Wermad Richbod Wizzo


809–814 814–847 847–868 869–883 883–915 915–930 930–956 956–964 965–977 977–993 994–1008 1008 1008–1015 1016–1047 1016–1047 1047–1066 1047–1066 1066 1066–1078 1066–1078 1079–1101 1079–1101 1102–1124 1102–1124 1124–1127 1124–1127 1127–1130 1131–1152 1131–1152 1152–1169 1169–1183 1169–1183 1183–1189 1189–1212 1212–1242 1212–1242 1242–1259 1242–1259 1260–1286 1260–1286 1286–1299 1286–1299 1300–1307 1300–1307 1307–1354 1307–1354 1354–1361 1354–1361 1362–1388 1362–1388 1388–1418 1388–1418 1418–1430 1418–1430 1430–1439 1430–1439 1439–1456 1439–1456 1456–1503 1456–1503 1503–1511 1503–1511 1511–1531 1511–1531

Amalhar Hetti Dietgold … nephew of Hetti Bertulf … son of count Gebhard of Lahngau Radbod Ruotgar Ruotbert Heinrich I … son of count Heinrich of Babenberg Dietrich I Egbert … son of count Dirk II of Holland Liudolf Adalbero I of Luxembourg Luxembourg … son of count Siegfried of Luxembourg; Luxembourg; deposed, deposed, died 1037 Megingod Poppo of Babenberg Babenberg … son of margrave Leopold I of of Austria Austria Eberhard … son of count Hezzelin Kuno I of Pfullingen Pfullingen … son of Eilolf of Pfullingen by Hazzecha of Steußlingen, Steußlingen, sister of archbishop Anno II of Cologne Udo of Nellenburg Nellenburg … son of count count Eberhard I of Nellenburg Engelbert of Rothenburg Bruno of Lauffen … son of count Arnold of Lauffen by Adelheid of Nellenburg, Nellenburg, sister of Udo Gottfried of Falmagne Meginher of Vianden Adalbero II of Montreuil Hillin of Falmagne Arnold I of Valcourt Vollmar of Karden – Rudolf of Wied … rival 1183–1189 Johann I Dietrich II of Wied Wied … son of count count Dietrich I of Wied Arnold II of Isenburg … son of Bruno I of Isenburg-Braunsberg Isenburg-Braunsberg by Theodora of of Wied, sister of Dietrich II; arch-chancellor of Burgundy from 1242 Heinrich II of Finstingen … son of Merbodo II of of Malberg Malberg Bohemund I of Warnesberg … son son of Isenbard of Warnesberg Diether III of Nassau Nassau son of count count Walram II of Nassau; brother brother of king Adolf of Germany Germany Balduin of Luxembourg Luxembourg … son of count Heinrich Heinrich VI of Luxembourg; Luxembourg; brother brother of emperor emperor Heinrich VII Bohemund II of Saarbrücken … son of Gottfried Gottfried of Warnesberg; elector from from 1356 1356 Kuno II of Falkenstein Falkenstein … son of Kuno I of Falkenstein-Münzenberg Falkenstein-Münzenberg;; Cologne 1368–1370 1368–1370 Werner of Falkenstein … son of Philipp VI of Falkenstein by Agnes, daughter of of Philipp V of Falkenstein, brother of Kuno II Otto of Ziegenhain … son of count Gottfried VIII VIII of Ziegenhain, son of count Gottfried Gottfried VII by Agnes, sister of Kuno II Raban of Helmstatt … son son of Weiprecht I of Helmstatt Jakob I of Sierck … son of Arnold of Sierck Johann II of Bade … son of margrave Jakob I of Bade Jakob II of Bade … son of margrave Christoph I of Bade, son of margrave margrave Karl I, brother of Johann II Richard of Greiffenclau … son of Johann Johann I of Greiffenclau-Vollrads Greiffenclau-Vollrads


1531–1540 1540–1547 1540–1547 1547–1556 1547–1556 1556–1567 1556–1567 1567–1581 1581–1599 1581–1599 1599–1623 1599–1623 1623–1652 1623–1652 1652–1676 1652–1676 1676–1711 1676–1711 1711–1715 1711–1715 1716–1729 1716–1729 1729–1756 1729–1756 1756–1768 1756–1768 1768–1803 1768–1803

Johann III of Metzenhausen … son of Heinrich Heinrich of Metzenhausen Metzenhausen Johann IV of Hagen … son of Friedrich of Hagen by Sophia of Greiffenclau, Greiffenclau, daughter of Friedrich, brother of Johann I, father of Richard Johann V of Isenburg … son of of count count Gerlach IV of Isenburg-Grenzau Johann VI of of Leyen Leyen … son of of Batholomäus Batholomäus of Leyen Jakob III of Eltz … son of Johann V of Eltz Johann VII of Schönenberg … son of Johann Johann of Schönenberg Lothar of Metternich … son of Johann of Metternich Metternich by Katharina, sister of Johann VI Philipp Christoph of Sötern … son of Georg Wilhelm of Sötern Karl Kaspar of Leyen … son of Damian Damian of Leyen, son of Michael, brother of Johann Johann VI Johann VIII Hugo of Orsbeck … son of Wilhelm Wilhelm of Orsbeck by Maria Katharina, Katharina, sister sister of Karl Kaspar Karl Joseph Joseph of Lorraine … son of duke duke Charles V of Lorraine Franz Ludwig Ludwig of the Palatinate Palatinate … son of elector Philipp Philipp Wilhelm of the Palatinate; Mainz 1729–1732 Franz Georg Georg of Schönborn … son of count Melchior Friedrich Friedrich of Schönborn, brother of archbishop Lothar Franz of Mainz Johann IX Philipp Philipp of of Walderdorff Walderdorff … son of of Karl Karl Lothar of Walderdorff Walderdorff Clemens Wenzeslaus Wenzeslaus of Saxony … son of elector Friedrich August August II of Saxony; Saxony; deposed, died 1812 (to France 1801; remainder to Nassau-Weilburg and others 1803; divided between Prussia, Oldenburg, Hesse-Homburg, and Saxe-Coburg 1815)

Rulers of Germany

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