The German- and the International welding institute have proposed a series of wire in varying thickness of plates with different steps in them, for image quality indicators. The wires are made of aluminum or steel or of object under inspection. The DIN(German design
– ( The Deutsche Industrie Norm ) are graded in geometrical progression with designation from 1-16. the first number wire having diameter 3.2 mm and the sixteenth wire having 0.10 mm. Each wire is about 5 cm long. A set of 7 wires 5 mm apart, is sealed sealed WIRE DIAMETER ( mm ) Set 1-ISO-7
Set 6-ISO-12 Set 10-ISO-16
3.2
1.0
0.40
2-5
0.8
0.32
2.0
0.63
0.25
1.6
0.50
0.20
1.25
0.40
0.16
1.0
0.32
0.13
DIN 62 FE
10 ISO 16
0.80
0.25
0.10
DIN = Deutsche Industrie Norm ( German Industrial Norm ) 62 = 1962 Year of invention of penetrameters FE = Ferrous Steel & Ferrous Alloys
DIN WIRE TYPE
Thickness Range
1 ISO 7
> 50 mm
6 ISO 12
> 19 mm < 50 mm
10 ISO 16
< 19 mm
Example: A 32 mm Stainless Steel vessel has been radiographed. The thinnest visible IQI wire indication on the radiograph is 0,4. This means, the minimum visible size of an imperfection or discontinuity on the radiograph is 0,4mm. Smaller imperfections or discontinuities are not visible on the radiograph.
ASTM TYPE:
This design as shown in figure on next page, consists of 4 sets of wires having diameters from 0.0032 mm to 0.32 mm. Each set has 6 wires, with last wire of the previous set being repeated as the first wire of the next set. The penetrameter design is characterized by its simplicity, ease of application and independence to beam orientation. The design accounts for, to some extent, to some extent, definition or unsharpness and contrast factors, particularly related to linear volume elements. Here again, as in other designs of penetrameter, unsharpness factors are not independently evaluated. Besides, there is no defined relationship that exists between the sensitivity levels obtained by wire types and step type or plate type penetrameter. WIRE DIAMETER ( inch ) Set A
Set B
Set C
Set D
0.0032
0.010
0.032
0.100
0.004
0.013
0.040
0.123
0.005
0.016
0.050
0.160
0.0063
0.020
0.063
0.200
0.008
0.025
0.080
0.250
ASTM
A
01
0.010
0.032
Material Groups:
0.100
0.320
Material Grade
Set indication
Number
Letter
05 = Tin, Tin-Bronze including Gun metal & valve Bronze 04 = Nickel Copper 03 = Nickel Chromium Iron Alloy 02 = Aluminum Bronze & Nickel 01 = Steel
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION ( IS 3657-1966 ):
The Indian Standards Institution has recommended design of both wire type and hole-step type penetrameters. There design have not become popular for obvious reasons. Industry has not come forward to make penetrameters as per the ISI design, Besides, other designs of penetrameters are readily available in lndia and do not differ materially from lndian Standards. WIRE DIAMETER (mm)
