MD0C5L / 563854 BASES FILOSOFICAS DE LA MODERNIDAD - Prof: BREDLOW WENDA, Luí A!"r# R$$%& "$ D$ C'($ )*64+ - S$'.! I II, "$ 1o2& o$ A!o'!$ SIL7ESRE SIL7ESRE $9 + "$ D''$2r$ "$ +0*+ +0*+
MD0C5L / 563854 BASES FILOSOFICAS FILOSOFICAS DE LA LA MODERNIDAD - Prof: BREDLOW WENDA, Lui A!"r#$ E% &'o (64) *&r+& % i!i+io " %& ri*r& .urr& +ii% +ii% ! I!.%& I!.%&rr rr& & 1(64)-( 1(64)-(645 6452 2 Dur&! Dur&! rio"o && (65( "!+&"!&! u!& ri " +o!i+o !r %& fur7& &r%&*!&ri& r&%i&, *&r+&"& or %& "+&i&+i! " C&r%o (ro ! (649 % &%+i*i!o " u!& r;%i+& && (660 E! +o! +o!< <o o " i! i!&i% &i%i" i"&" &" o%= o%=i i+& +& "i%i&*i!o " %& *o!&r>u=& i!.%&, u%i+& D$ C'($ 1D% 1D% +iu" +iu"&" &"&! &!o2 o2 " ?o* ?o*& & @o @o 1(64 1(64)2 )2 E! & & or& or& @o @o %&! %&! & & %& %& & & ri+& " u! !uo i*& o%=i+o Co!+r&*! i!!& r!&r %& %.ii*&" "% o"r or&!o " %& o+i"&" +ii% or !u& &, !o roi!i!"o * " Dio i!o " %o o*r *i*o Ao!"o or u!& ++i! ri+& "% o*r ! &"o !&ur&%, @o r "! %& fu! "% "r+o " %& %.ii*i"&" "% .oir!o " %& %& o+i o+i" "&" &" +ii +ii% % Si; Si;& & % i!"i i!"ii i"u "uo o ! % +or&7! "% ro+o o%=i+o, &+ u.&r %& .ur& "% "% +o! +o!r& r&o o +o*o +o*o &+o &+o ur=" ur="i+ i+o o fu!" fu!"&* &*! !& &%, %, "&rro%%& %o fu!"&*!o "% "r+o +orr +orro o!"i !"i! ! "i'& "i'& !o!+ !o!+ %& oi% oi% for*& " .oir!o ru%&!, "f!"i!"o &= %& *o! *o!&r>u &r>u=& =& &o o%u %u& +o*o +o*o % r#.i* #.i*! ! " rfr!+i& E <o, u!o +o! E9 L$('&;! )*65*, )*65* , r+o.! % !&*i!o o%=i+o " @o &+! "% !&"or u! r+uror &r&"i+o "% Lir&%i*o 1r* 1r*i!o i!o o"&= o"&=& & i!
$ El Estado natural del hombre
Du# " u!& +or& i!ro"u++i! "o!" &!u!+i& % +o!!i"o " u or&, @o i!i+i& u ro! E% +oro%&rio i.ui!"o & &r*&+i! >u % &"o " o+i"&" 1&"o +ii%, or.&!i7&"& o%=i+&*!2 !o !&ur&% &r& % o*r E% &"o !&ur&% "% o*r r=&, &r& @o, % " u!& %ir&" i!"ii"u&% o&%, "o!" %& r%&+io! !r o*r ! "" +iro fu!+io!&%i*o: E% o*r u+& *"io &r& u +o!r&+i! %& &if&++i! ro!&% ! u r%&+i! +o! % oro D" & ii! o!o%.i+& " %& o+i"&" u*&!&, @o "! u!& !u& &++i! *or&% "% Bi! 1&>u%%o >u roor+io!& +o!r&+i! *&or &if&++i! &% o*r2 "% Dr+o 1Cu&%>uir *"io *%&"o +o! ! " &if&+r u "o %.ii*o2 E% &"o !&ur&% oi&!o !o!+ % " u!& i.u&%&" " o"o %o o*r !r %%o, ! % !i"o " >u i!! %& *i*& oii%i"&" %.ii*i"&" " ru"i+&r r+i&*! Co!+u!+i& "ir+& >u % &"o !&ur&% "% o*r %& " u!& %u+& ru& " o"o +o!r& o"o @o &r "u# & i"& ! %& +o!o+i"& fr& o2o 1o2'!' 9u=u )E9 L$('&;!, *65* @o i!rr& !o!+ %& for*&+i! " %& o+i"&" & %& %u7 " & !u& &++i! 1or %o *!o ri+&, i!o *=i+&2 "% &"o !&ur&%: E% &"o " .urr& ru& i!"o &%&*! !f&o or %& +o!r&+i! " %& u*&!i"&", % o*r !+u!r& ! %& o+i"&" %& *&!r& " &rir i! &+io &+i+&"o &r& u +o!r&+i! 1+&=u%o (2 E !o&% &>u= %& "i*!i! "o% "% &"o oi&!o: ur="i+o &+i&% E r&7o!&% "&+&r &>u= "o &+o fu!"&*!&% "% &"o *o"r!o L& o+i"&" u" !&+r "% "o*i!io for7&"o " u!o or oro o or &+o 1% +o!r&o2
El contrato social Aor& i!, % &+o uo"i+o i! +o*o oio " &.ur&r & %o +o!r&&! %& .uri"&" r+=ro+& " !o &&+&r L& u&!+i& "% &+o >u +&"& &r r!u!+i& 1o r&!r &% oroJ2 &r " u "r+o i!"ii"u&% &o%uo %.ii*o ! % &"o !&ur&%
1+&=u%o )2, o*i#!"o ! &"%&! &% "r+o +ii% E% +o!r&o o+i&% &&"o or %& o%u!&" " +&"& u!o &r& o*r & u! "r+o +ii%, +o*;! E% o*r &&!"o!& u %ir&" &r& &.ur& u or i!+i& @o i!&ur& &>u= u!& fro!r& +%& r! ! o"& u ru "%i*i& % &"o !&ur&%, r.i"o or %& % !&ur&%, % &"o +ii%, r.i"o or %& % +ii% E& fro!r& fr&!>u&%K &+&!"o, !.&!"o ro*i!"o % +o!r&o o+i&% Si*r
El derecho natural y las leyes naturales Si ! % &"o !&ur&% % o*r i.u u roio "o &if&++i! ro!&%, >u % "r+o !&ur&% " +&"& i!"ii"uo &o%uo, C*o or >u# & o"r=&! "o o*r, o *, &%+r, or o"o r+&r, u! +o!r&o Co*o %o ur&& @o %o &+o >u &%+! ! u! +o!r&o !o i!! &%i"7 ! % &"o !&ur&%J D&rro%%&!"o %& & "% "r+o ! &% &!or&*&, @o &%+ &>u= u!& ri " % !&ur&% 1(9 ! o&%2, "i+&"& or %& r&7! &r& %& +o!r&+i! " !ur& i"&J 1+&=u%o 32 P&r& @o, %& !"!+i& !&ur&% "% o*r &r& u +o!r&+i! % &+ rfrir %& &7 & %& .urr& 1(r %2 !o!+ % ro "% +o!r&o i*o! +o*o .u!"& % !&ur&% L& or& % ri.! %o o*r & %& or& " &%+r u! &+o, o%i.&"o ! u +o!+i!+i& Pu"! r i& +o*o %& & " u!& *or&% ui%i&ri& ro!i! " %& ri*r& % !&ur&% Co*o %o "! % &uor: &r& +o!o+r %& % !&ur&% ! +u&%>uir +&o, u+i! o!r ! % %u.&r "% oro &r& >u >ui%ir !o!+ % ui+io or +&"& iu&+i! Ru*i"o &=, ?No 1&@& &9 oro 9o u$ !o u'$r$ u$ $ 1&@&! 1&= 3 =&r 7I Coi&r <o +o CC
Formación de la sociedad civil
E<r&r "% &"o !&ur&%, r!u!+i&r & u "r+o !&ur&% E +o*or&r " &+ur"o +o! %& % !&ur&% !'&"& or %& *or&% Pro @o &r % +&=u%o 4 &"iri!"o >u %& % !&ur&% !o .&r&!i7&! %& &7 or %%& o%& Pri*ro, &r& o!r %& r.%& ! uo, !+&rio >u +o!+urr& & %%o %& *&or=& " %o o*r " u!& o+i"&" .u!"o, i*r >u"& %& oii%i"&" " >u %o i!r +o*u! "ir&! " %o i!r ro!&% >u !o!+ %o o*r io%! %& % !&ur&% D o, @o ""u+ !o!+ %& !+i"&" >u o"& %& o%u!&" o*&! & u!& o%&, .&r&! " %& &7 rr!&"& ! u!& &&*%& " ro!& E& r&!fr!+i& " "r+o o%i.& %& o+i"&" & !o riir & %& o%u!&" " & ro!& o &&*%& L& u!i! " %& o+i"&" &= "!i"& +o!iu % +uro " u!& o+i"&" +ii% u% !o!+ & i!iir &% !&% "% +&=u%o %& "o oii%i"&" " &%+i*i!o " +o!r&o o+i&%: or %& fur7& o i!iui"& o%=i+&
Los derechos de la asamblea soberana @&i!"o ri.i"o %& ro!& +ii% " %& &&*%& or&!&, @o "&rro%%& !o!+ %& +o!"i+io! " or&!=& " &% ro!& +o! ! " "+riir % "r+o >u % +orro!" 1+&=u%o 62 !& *u%iu" >u !o & i"o ru!i"& ! u!& o%& ro!& +ii% r*&!+ o"&=& ! % &"o !&ur&% E% or&!o !o!+ % r"&"ro +r&"or " %& +ii%i7&+i! E& oi+i! fu!"&*!&% +o%o+& +u&%>uir oo!! & u o%u!&" +o*o o!i!"o ! %i.ro %& *i*& oii%i"&" " o+i"&" L& ri*r& % !&ur&% r*i !o!+ " r&&r%o +o*o !*i.o .;! % "r+o !&ur&% S "iu& * r+i&*! % %i*i rr!&"o or % +o!r&o o+i&% 1!r &"o !&ur&% " .urr& &"o +ii% " &7 ro++i!2 ! % !&*i!o " @o E% "r+o i*r +o!r& rfr!+i& &% +o!r&o N.&r % +o!r&o &%+i"o or u!& o+i"&" "ir+&*! !fr!&r & %%& o%r &% *o"o ru&% i!"ii"u&% "% &"o !&ur&% ?&*i#! i % &"o +ii% !o &or& %& .uri"&" ro++i! u+&"&, % +o!r&o ro* % &ri+u%&r u" !o!+ "f!"r 1r+or&!"o u
"r+o !&ur&% r&!fri"o ri&*! +o! % +o!r&o & %& or&!=&2 P&r& >u % or&!o u"& f+i&*! &.ur&r %& .uri"&" " %o uo 1!i"o " %& u2 r+r &"$!ro &fu$r& "% +o!r&o E "+ir ! +o!r& " %& &&>u " %o !*i.o <rior >u !o &+&ro! % +o!r&o, ! +o!r& " %o !*i.o i!rior 1uo >u ro*! % +o!r&o o+i&%2 @o %%&*& &% uo " & io%!+i& %.=i*& %& &%"& " ui+i& 1&"$!ro "% +o!r&o2 %& &"& " %& .urr& 1&fu$r& "% +o!r&o2 S.;! @o, % E&"o !o uo & %& % +ii%, !o u" r !ui+i&"o E i*r o&%*! %ir ?i! o"r &o%uo, %o +o!r&rio r=& i!+o*&i% +o! %& u %& o%u!&" u!!i* " %o uo u" ro+&r &% or&!o
Categorías de gobierno L& "ifr!+i& !r %o .oir!o i! " %& "ifr!+i& !r %& ro!& & >ui#! % "& % o"r or&!o S "&+&! &= r for*& " E&"o: %& D*o+r&+i& 1% u%o !ro .oir!&2, L& &rio+r&+i& 1%& !o%7& %o *i!iro .oir!&!2 %& *o!&r>u=& 1% *o!&r+& .oir!&2 1+&=u%o Q2 @o rfu& %& &!&r>u=&, %& o%i.&r>u=& o %& ir&!=& +o*o for*& " &"o &ri+u%&r L i!+%u +o*o !o*r or&io " %& r for*& ri& E!fo+& % +uro " u ruir for*& " &"o, & %& !+i"&" " %.ir & &%.ui! >u *&!!.& % o"r !r %& ru!io! " %& &&*%& or&!&
El derecho de la esclavitud @o "! %& .ur& "% &*o "% +%&o ! #r*i!o " o"i!+i&: % >u o"+
o&%*! u! +%&o, % >u o&%*! o"+i"o u! &*o, o "u'o 1+&=u%o 82 E "+ir >u r"! &*i#! %& r%&+io! " "o*i!&+i! +%&i& ! r%&+i! +o! % "r+o !&ur&% E% "u'o roor+io!& &% +%&o .uri"&" +o!r&+i! 1+o*i"&, &%o&*i!o2, ! +&*io % +%&o % r&!r& u o%u!&" E% "r+o "% &*o &r+i"o &% "r+o "% E&"o E% "r+o "% +%&o !o!+ &r+i"o &% "r+o "% uo Si % &*o ri& &% +%&o " u %ir&" " *oi*i!o, % +%&o u" %.=i*&*! r%&r +o!r& % &*o !o i!! * o%i.&+i! +o! % &*o
EL derecho parental D %& *i*& *&!r&, @o i!& %& "o*i!&+i! " %o &"r or %o io E% ri*ro >u r+ "o*i!&+i! or % io &">uir !o!+ u! "r+o &o%uo or #% L& "o*i!&+i! ori.i!&% "% io r!+ !o!+ & %& *&"r @o u& % +o!r&o %& r&!fr!+i& " "r+o >u %o &+o*&'& &r& &%+r u!& ri " +oro%&rio &% "r+o &r!&% Si %& *&"r & %i.&"& +o! u! +o!r&o &% o*r, !o!+ % io r!+ &% o*r Si u!& *ur +&ui&, % io r!+ &% &*o Si u!& *ur r!+ & u!& o+i"&" "r*i!&"&, % io r!+ &*i#! & & o+i"&" A=, @o u& %.=i*&*!J +&"& i!"ii"uo &% &"o "o!" & !&+i"o !& 7 >u % +o!r&o o+i&% & &%+i"o 1*o*!o ri+o irr&%2, !i!.;! uo "+!"i! i! % o"r % "r+o " i*u.!&r % &"o &% +u&% r!+, i !o >uir r r&o +o*o !*i.o, "+ir %u+&r +o!r& % &o % "r+o !&ur&%, o & &r ! .urr& +o!r& #%
Comparación de las tres formas de gobierno @o r+ur"& >u % &"o o%=i+o r& %& &7, %& .uri"&" ;%i+&, ri>u7& r*i % "&rro%%o " %& &r +i!+i& L& i.u&%"&" " o"r i*oi% ! u! &"o, i!o >u & i!&ur&"o u!& &i& "i.u&%"&" +o! % +o!!i*i!o u!ir&%, "&!"o % o"r &% or&!o " *&!r& %ir&% Lu.o &!&%i7& >u %& ro&i%i"&" >u %& ro!& or&!& 1u%o, &&*%& o *o!&r+&2 &ro+ "% o"r *&or ! u!& "*o+r&+i& >u ! u!& *o!&r>u=& uo >u *& ro!& r!"r! &+r%o E% u%o o!o i! !o!+ *!o >u *r &o u!& *o!&r>u=&
@o +o%*& %& "*o+r&+i& " o"o %o *&%: !o o"r oi!&r &i&*!, r *& roi+i& & >u +r7+&! .ruo "ii"!, r i!&% o*i"& & +&*io ri"o o "&r %%&r or %& rri+& M&% >u !o !+u!r& ! u! &"o &u*i"o or % *o!&r+&
Disensión política E! % +&=u%o (), @o r!& %o >u r=& %& "i!i! E !o&% +o*o +&"& u!o &%i+& & %& &++i! " !&r ?!r ui+io roio, "u"&r "% *o!&r+&, !&r >u % or&!o u" ro!"r " %& % +ii% 1>u #% *i*o i!&ur&2 o! oi!io! "i+io& ?&% +o*o !o !!"r % +o!r&o o+i&%, o >u % or&!o r&+i>u <&++io! "*&i&"o .r&!"
Deberes del Soberano ?!i!"o % ! u *&!o % o"r &o%uo, % or&!o &u*ir !&ur&%*! .;! @o, u!& ri " "r Eo "r roi!! " %& !+i"&" " +o!r&r %& o+i"&" >u %o & +o or&!o Su roi& +o!r&+i! "!" " o 1(r& % !&ur&%2 D !o!+ &%&r &% u%o or !+i*& " o"o, or&r or % i!r# " o"o, ro.r% " %& &*!&7& <rior, +o!r&r %& &7 i!rior, &.ur&r %& &7 ;%i+&, f&or+r % !ri>u+i*i!o " %o &ri+u%&r r*iir >u "ifru! " u!& &7 i!o+! E% &"o o%i.&"o " u&r o"o %o r+uro !+&rio &r& %o.r&r o !, ro & %& 7 %i*i&"o & o E% ro " %& &+ii"&" +ii% &+& !r %o &ri+u%&r, .;! %& % +ii% +o!o+i"& or o"o
Las leyes civiles E! % ;%i*o +&iu%o " %& ++i! II, @o r+i& % *&r+o %.i%&io >u &%i+& & %& o+i"&" +ii% E "+ir >u# o! %& %, +u% o! %& "ifr!+i& +o! % &+o o % "r+o L& % +ii% u!& rri++i! ro!i! "% &+o +ii% E% "r+o u!& %ir&" E! % &"o oi&!o, %& %.i%&+i! i!ri! " *&!r& rri+i& +o! % ! " oii%i&r %o &+o !r &ri+u%&r %& &%i+&+i! " %o "r "% &"o u+i&"o, "+ir %& +o!r&+i! " %& o+i"&" +ii%
L& % +ii% o! i.! &"!ro "% +o!r&o !o u"! +o!r&"+ir & %& % !&ur&%