TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction……………………………………………. Introduction…………………………………………….2 2 2. Project Description…………………………………….2 Description…………………………………….2 3. Site Information………………………………………..3 Information………………………………………..3 4. Justification…………………………………………….4 Justification …………………………………………….4 5. Project Objectives…...…………………………………4 Objectives…...…………………………………4 6. Case study………………………………………………5 7. Proposed Requirements………………………………..5 8. Methodology……………………………………………6 9. Scope and Limitation………………………………….6
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1. Introduction About Gurugram Gurugram is located 30 km south of National Capital New Delhi and about 10 kilometers from Dwarka sub-city. Over the past 25 years the city has undergone rapid development and construction. Gurgugram is one of Delhi's major satellite citie s and is part of the National Capital Region. It is within commuting distance of Delhi via an expressway and Delhi Metro. Gurgram is the second largest cit y in the Indian State of Haryana and is the industrial and financial center of Haryana. It has the 3rd highest per capita income in India after Chandigarh and Mumbai. It is also t he only Indian city to have successfully distributed electricity electricit y connections to all its households. It is also the IT hub & centre of various BPO companies. Gurugram has witnessed a phenomenal growth in all spheres of developments, particularly in industry and urbanization. Today, Today, it has become a hub of multinational companies, industries giants, call centres, software companies, shopping malls and skyscrapers. Gurugram is strategically located with i ts boundaries touching Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi. Its excellent connectivity with other state via Delhi-Jaipur – Delhi-Jaipur – Ahmedabad broad gauge rail link and NH 8, brings thousands of people to t o Gurugram for the purpose of work, travel and entertainment.
1.01 Project Description The project proposed is Natya academy and cultural complex, Gurugram, Haryana. The municipal Corporation of gurugram proposes Natya Academy and Cultural complex on a 10 acres land in sector 53, Gurugram, Haryana. This project is combination of two parts namely Natya Academy and Cultural Complex. Firstly, Natya refers to the theatrical theatric al dance art of India originating in the temple and still devoted to the enactment of divine epics and embracing an elaborate system of body postures, hand gestures and foot movements. Therefore, Natya academy is an academy of performing ancient Indian dance. Culture can be define as the ideas, customs or social behaviour of a particular people or society. Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts. The word "culture" derives from a French term, which in turn derives from the Latin "colere," which means to tend to the earth and grow, or cultivation and nurture. Therefore, a cultural complex may be defined as a platform of different cultural activities, social gathering and different exhibitions. 2|Page
With the cities growing into urban culture, the need for the growth of a cult ural complex and public spaces in the corporate city is often ignored. Therefore, the emphasis is to establish the link between the city and the cultural complex. Also, to generate the new landmark for Gurugram. To create a holistic environment for learning, teaching and performing arts and spaces. Due to these reasons, the Natya Academy and Cultural Complex is being proposed by Municipal Corporation of Gurugram to make people aware of their culture and traditional Dance of india.
1.02 Site Information The site is spread over a 3.8 hectare land at St Thomas Marg, DLF Phase 5, Sector 53, Gurugram Haryana. Total site area: 3.8 hectare Ground Coverage: 25 percent FAR: 1.5
The prevailing climate in Gurgaon is known as a local steppe climate. There is little rainfall throughout the year. The temperature here averages 25.2 °C. Precipita tion here averages 618 mm. The access to this site is through ST Thomas Marg road along with the golf road. Distance from airport is 17 km which is around a round 30 minutes. Railway connectivity is 15 km from Natya Academy and Cultural Complex. Anyone can access to this site easi ly as there are many landmarks and it is easily reachable.
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Important Landmarks 1) Westend Heights 2) Paras hospital 3)
1.03 Justification- Site Selection This site is chosen for its better connectivity from metro, airport and roadways. Also, gurugram is known for its commercial offices and will attract people, families from all over gurugram as well as New Delhi. As Gurugram attracts thousand of people from Delhi NCR for entertainment purposes. Also, people are so busy in their fast forward life that they are forgetting their culture. To make them aware of their culture and to make an impact of culture into their lives and society. This effort has been made by the Gurugram Municipal Corporation to establish a connection between the people and their culture and also, to create a public space with traditional learning and teaching and for entertainment purpose. Also, Gurugram lacks landmarks cultural Complex that Corporate city demands. Therefore, this project has been proposed by Gurugram Municipal Corporation.
1.04 Justification- Thesis Project This project is taken as it will give me an opportunity to design architecture exhibition spaces, designing an auditorium for Natya Academy keeping in mind the acoustics and various design criteria and social gathering spaces which will give me a perspective of observing and then designing the elements of architecture in a c reative way. The challenge is to create a responsive architectural design among the urban culture
1.05 Project Objectives Thesis Objectives is:
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To study and understand cultural complex and it’ it ’s functioning and planning. To study case examples for identification of problems To develop design criteria of building a cultural complex and Drana Academy and its space’s respectively To develop concept based on design criteria and present in terms of design, drawing and models To study and design auditorium and open air theatre To design an Academy for dance
1.06 Case Study
Triveni kala Sangam, New Delhi Triveni in mandi house, New Delhi is selected because the requirements of Natya Academy and cultural complex are kind of same. The spaces cr eated in Triveni Kala sangam (By Ar. Joseph Allen Stein) are mostly needed in my thesis project and therefore, would help me with understanding and designing of dance academy a cademy and cultural complex. Kala Kendra, Goa Kala Kendra Goa which is designed by Charles Correa is be en selected as online case study because studying the design and spaces in kala Kendra goa is exactly I needed for a broad view to understand and design cultural complex and dance academy, Gurugram. Kamani Auditorium, New Delhi Since, an auditorium for 300 people is proposed therefore, a case st udy of auditorium is needed to understand the aspects of auditorium is needed. Hence. Kamani auditorium, New Delhi case study is been selected
1.07 Proposed Requirements
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Dance studio Music studio Drama Studio Auditorium for 750 people Open air theatre (OAT) Art gallery Conference room Space for display exhibitions A library for members Teaching and Demonstration halls Cafe Storage spaces Office space Studios for painters and craft persons
1.08 Methodology
1.09 Scope & Limitations
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The major scope of this project is to study s tudy and design Natya Academy and Culture Complex in Gurugram. The main scope of this project is to design desi gn the landscapes, gathering space where people will interact with each other. This project will work as centre of excellence in creative arts art s and or impart training to young talent. They will serve as major resource centre for the region. The project is to be started starte d by studying the present cultural complexes and dance academies and then creating one only by understanding them. The scope of this project is also to make the people aware of their culture as they are being stuck in the fast tech t ech life and also, introduce them to the ancient Indian Dance which were performed in temples.
Limitation of this project is that the main focus will be highlighting on the conceptual design and circulation space, detailing will not be focussed i n general Second, structure drawing will not be focussed.
2. Research Areas and Case Studies 2.01 Research The primary research would focus on studying the various spaces- their meanings, requirements and qualities Natya academy and cultural complex: Learning spaces Performing spaces Exhibition spaces Public space
The secondary research would be the case studies st udies and their analysis. The learning outcome would help in the design and will be important part of the research before starting the project. The following case studies is being done: - Triveni kala sangam, New Delhi - Kala Kendra, goa - Kamani auditorium, new delhi Overall research would mainly focus on the needs and requirements of the various spaces.
a)
Dance studio requirements As per NDTA- National dance teachers association, UK are as follows. All form of dance including indian dances are included in this:
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1. Floor area The amount of floor area required depends upon three factors: Number of participants taking part in activities It would be unwise to allow more than 18 participants at one time A useful rule of thumb is provide a minimum of three square metre for each participant of primary school age and five square metres for those in the secondary and tertiary age range. Studios have been built with variety of shapes, ovals, circular with curving walls. Such spaces have limitations; for many dance activities it is necessary to be able to locate front and for this reason rectangular space is most useful 10m x 9m is the minimum size, providing space for eighteen adults to take part in any dance type and providing providing appropriate dimensions for chorographic work without a feeling of being cramped.
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2. Vestibule A space of 6-12 sqm within the dance studio but separated from the dance studio floor and act as entrance via entrance of the studio. It accommodates space for any musical instrument device, visitor space and locker space. 3. Studio height The height of the studio relates to the circulation circul ation of the fresh air and to the opportunity to jump and lift. A plentiful supply of fresh air is necessary necess ary for the dancer to replenish energy en ergy quickly. But beyond the physiological need the dancer performs best with a sense of being able to expand into space. Physically it is important to have a headroom so that the dancer never feels inhibited in achieving height. The opportunity for one dancer to stand on the shoulders of another and raise his/her arms in i n the air, makes a height of atleast 3.5m ideal. This height gives an appropriate sense of s paciousness,
4. Sound It is important that sound accompaniment is heard properly and with clarity within the studio but it is essential that it does not contaminate adjoining the workspaces. Sound insulation is a primary structural consideration. Cavity walls are invaluable and these may have baffling material enclosed or on the surface. Inner and outer doors should be close-fitting and solid, with spring closures, and the space between such doors needs to be properly baffled. Within the space excessive reverberation from hard surfaces needs to be avoided. Partial walls curtaining has acoustics as well as aesthetic value. 5. Interior design A complete wall of mirror up to the height of 2200mm, in which all participants can easily observe the dance image, is ideal. Mirror should have curtaining which is independent of other curtaining, to cover them. 6. Floor surface The floor area is most important attribute for the dancer. Every step and jump is responded to by the quality of the floor underfoot. Every dancer dancer step or jump on an unyielding surface wears down the resilience of the body and brings the risk of injury, injury, and the prospect of long term damage, closer. The ideal is a fully sprung floor permanently laid and exclusively used for the purpose of dancing. Smooth wooden floor is suitable for barefoot dancing. Adequate steps should be taken to eliminate the introduction of grit on the floor as this will cause damage to the surface.
b) Music studio requirements
The requirements of a music studio is similar to that of dance studio. The music studio classroom needs better acoustics and sound insulation though. The requirements for good rehearsal facilities are: Good sound insulation Sufficient amount of absorption Special requirements for the instruments need to be met like floor and reflecting wall etc Other environmental controls are needed (ventilation, lightning, temperature)
Apart from the group studios, Indian classical music requires space for riyaaz which is individual practise. That doesn’t need to be closed. These require a space approx. 10 sqm per room, for a single person. The music s tudios need to be attached to storage spaces for instruments. 1. Acoustics Suitable reverberation time for music rehearsals ranges between 0.6 and 1 second. There are two ways to reduce the reverberation ti me of a room: either the sound absorption must be decreased or the volume must be decreas ed. Increasing the sound absorption in a classroom is generally easier to achieve than reduction in volume. Small music room vary in size and accommodate diverse group ranging from a solo instrumentalist to small music ensembles. Louder instruments need larger rooms. As music students can spend up to 40 hours per week in music practise and rehearsal rooms, these rooms are very ver y important in the daily activity in the music. Although rooms with non parallel walls, flooring and ceiling are preferred for music rooms, to maximise the utilization of the available space, the rooms are normally designed rectangular in size with floors and ceiling perpendicular to walls. Curved walls are not recommended for small rooms to avoid focussing and undesirable effects. By controlling the ambient echoes in your music room, you deliver back superior sound quality. Acoustic panels, wall or ceiling mounted, can be introduced in the music studio for the purposes of capturing and converting the echoes from your room. Whether your music room is for teaching, recording or performing, the acoustics inside the room will reach premium quality once the level of reverberation is under control.
c) Drama Studio Requirements As per time savers standard, a large drama studio is generally divided into 3 parts: A raised platform acting as a stage Some fixed sitting on an inclined floor accommodating about 30 students, with chairs equipped with movable table arms. Within some
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individual teaching practises the area might be preferred with a flat floor with movable chairs A flat floor area between the two which acts as the playing area for rehearsal, demonstration etc. the total length of the room in this case is about 20m. For practical reasons these large studi os are also used for performances for small scale production. A drama studio needs a working space of 120 – 120 – 150m², 150m², with an area for performance of about 90m² The shape of the room isn’t essential, but it must be possible to vary the shape within the volume which can be achieved by curtains suspended on tracking The design should provide at least one exit to the open air; two ma y be needed to meet health and safety requirements The studio requires green room or dressing room in all cases along with the storage for props and costumes. The stage depth should be at least 4m and height over it more than usual classroom height. For smaller studios the seating area is omitted. The studio requires green room or dressing room in all cases along with the storage for props and costumes.
d) Amphitheatre
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An amphitheatre is an open sir venue used for entertainment, performances and sports. A contemporary amphitheatre, in the sense in which the word has come to be popularly used now, is a curved, acoustically vibrant performance space particularly one located outdoors. Contemporary amphitheatres often include standing structures, called bandshells, sometimes curved or bowl shaped, both behind the stage and behind the audience, creating an area which echoes or amplifi es sound, making the amphitheatre ideal for musical and theatrical performances. One of the first aids to good sightlines is an a n effective slope. Seats may ma y be set on a rising parabolic curve or on two different inclines, a fairly mild slope for the lower half of auditorium and a steeper slope for the upper half. The slope recommended for the lower portion is 12 and for the upper 24 or steeper. Tall trees must form the rear boundary of the theatre as they are very useful in absorbing the external noise and also, lend a nice landscape to the theatre. The slope of the floor should be towards the stage and it should be about 12 to 15 degree to the horizontal, The shape of the theatre should be such that most of the audience is drawn close to the stage.
The area of the theatre excluding the stage sta ge may be calculated at the rate of 0.8 to 1 sqm per person.
e) Art gallery
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An art museum or art gallery is a building or space for the exhibition of art, usually visual art. To show the art and painting, institution should provide protection against damp, sunlight and dust Exhibits should be displayed in such a way which allows the public to view them without effort.
The normal human angle of vision starts from 27 degree up from eye level For a standing person, pictures should be hung 10m away with the top not more than 4.90m above eye level and the bottom about 70cm below.
It is necessary to allow 3-5 sqm s qm hanging surface per picture, 6-10 sqm ground surface per sculpture. A favourably viewing space is between 30*- 60* up, measured from a point in the middle of the floor. This means a sill height of 2.13m for pictures and vie wing range of 3- 3.65 for sculpture.
There are no continuous circular route, just separate wings. Art galleries need rooms for packing, dispatch, administrati on, slide section and lecture rooms, if necessary.
f) Auditorium
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Auditorium, the part of a public building where an audience sits, as disti nct from the stage, the area on which the performance or other object of the audience’s attention is presented. In a large theatre. large theatre. An An auditorium includes a number of floor floor levels frequently designed as stalls, private boxes, dress circle, balcony circle, balcony or upper circle, and gallery. and gallery. A A sloping floor allows the seats to be arranged to give a clear view of the stage. The walls and ceiling usually contain concealed light and sound equipment and air extracts or inlets and may be highly decorated. An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watc h performances at venues such as theatres. For movie theatres, the number of auditoriums is expressed as the number of screens. Auditoria can be found in entertainment venues, community halls, and theaters, and may be used for rehearsal, presentation, performing arts productions, or as a learning space.
An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances. The floor area of the hall including, gangways (excluding the stage) should be calculated on the basis of 0.6 to 0.9 sqm per person The height of the hall is determined by considerations such as ventilation, presence of balcony and the type of performance. The average height may vary from 6m for small hall to 7.5 for large halls. Ceiling maybe flat but it is preferable to provide a slight increase in the height near the centre of hall The volume per person required to be provided should normally range between 3.5 to 5.5 cube metre. It is recommended that the distance of the farthest seat from the curtain line should not exceed 23 metres. (code of practise for acoustical design of auditorium and conference halls,1998) Neufert data
Spaces in auditorium
Lobby: The Lobby: The lobby is a room in a theatre which is used for public entry to the building from the outside. Ticket counters, coat check, concessions and restrooms a re all usually located in, or just off the lobby. Box office: A office: A place where tickets are sold to the public for admission to a venue Green room: The room: The lounge backstage. This is the room where actors and other performers wait in when they are not needed onstage onstage or in their dressing rooms.
Balconies or galleries: one or more raised seating platforms towards the rear of the auditorium. The control booth, control room, lighting box, technical booth, tech booth, or just booth to theatre to theatre or television television technicians is the area designated for the operation of technical equipment (lighting and sound) and sound),,
2. The Stage
FULL STAGE: more than 100 sqm
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SMALL STAGE : less than 100 sqm
. Support Spaces One of the most important support areas is the set construction area. This is a combination of storage, as well as space to build sets. Don’t forget the dressing rooms. Plan for a ticket booth, a “green room” that can double as rehearsal and instructional space, and a general storage area.
Changing room
Neufert data
Area of 0.5 sqm is required approximately per spectator. Exit route : 1 metre wide per 150 people Good view without head movement but slight eye movement of 30* Maximum perception angle without head movement is i s about 110*
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General considerations while designing auditorium 1) Visual 2) Ventilation 3) Acoustical a) Seating b) Stage c) Room shape d) Room walls
a) Library A building or room containing collections of books, periodicals, and sometimes films and recorded music for people to read, borrow.
1. STANDARDS & WORKSPACES
Reading table Shelves Circulation Washroom Computer room Reference desk
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•
•
•
Shelf aisles should not be more than 3 m long Books should should be carried in trolleys (.92mx.99mx.5m) Clear space between shelves at least 1.3m1.3m- 1.4m
Group Using
Levels in the shelves
Max. height of shelves
ADULTS
5-6
1.8m
CHILDREN
4
1.2m
Shelf aisles should not be more than 3 m long Books should should be carried in trolleys (.92mx.99mx.5m) Clear space between shelves at least 1.3m1.3m- 1.4m
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2. Circulation Circulation is more than 1.2 metre Avoid crossing and overlapping Area for reading per person atleast 2.5 sqm Area for individual workplace is more than 4 sqm
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3. Climate Climate in user’s area: Temperature: 22 degree Celsius in summers 20 degree Celsius in winters Humidity: 50-60% Temperature: 16-20 degree Celsius Relative humiditiy:45%-55%
4. General considerations Avoid direct sunlight sunlight near shelves as u.v and and heat rays destroy paper and binding Room height should be greater than 3 m Lighting should should be appropriate to the use to which the area is put Building design should be based on climate and internal environmental control should be based on buildings 5. Computer room E-library To know the information of any an y book Journals Online books and magazines 6. Reference desk The reference desk or information desk of a library is a public service counter where professional librarians provide library users with direction to library materials, advice on library collections and services, expertise on multiple kinds of information from multiple sources. Typically, a reference desk can be consulted either in person, by telephone, through email or online chat. Location: It is mainly at the entrance of the library. Dimensions (Desk): Height 900mm, width 600mm
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2.02 Case Studies 1) Triveni Kala Sangam, New Delhi
The triveni kala sangam was established in 1950 as an academy of dance, music and painting with an aim of reintroducing traditional forms of expression into indian life. It is located in the capital of country in New Delhi. Architect : Ar. Joseph Allen Stein Completion: 1950 Site Area: 7000sqft Vicinity: The site is located in the cultural hub of Delhi in Mandi House. It is accessed by mandi house metro station and bus terminal.
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Functions: It comprises of art galleries, art ar t workshops, Oat, Dance and music studios and an auditorium of 150 people. Architecture Elements:
Extensive areas of jaalis and planting boxes arranged into verti cal gardens are prominent elements at the triveni. Jaali panel create a cool space of filtered light in the classroom buildings’ corridor. Use of jalis of jalis on the exterior to cope up with delhi’s hot weather. The colours of the façade are of light li ght grey concrete and have grit finsh on the walls. The textures are rough and an d rugged. lack of bright colours is soothing as the abundant greenery adds brightness the art center has been given raw look through rough cut stone along with concrete blocks with plastered finish which goes along well with open open green spaces
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COMPONENTS
SPACES
Admin block
Reception Accounts room Admin room Toilet
Exhibition galleries Art galleries
Art gallery 1 Art gallery 2 Art gallery 3
Café
Seating: @ 2/ppl Kitchen: @0.8/ppl
Auditorium (150)
Foyer Green room Toilets hall
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NO. OF USERS
2 2
AREA (SQM)
20 30 30 20
80 150 100
35
15-20 150
70 40
120 50 50 270
REMARKS
Studios
Dance studio-4 Music studio-4 Art studio-3
70x4=280 60x4=240 90x3=270
OAT (80)
Seating Stage
150 48
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About Gurugram
District Gurugram is located 30 km south of National Capital New Delhi, about 10 kilometers from Dwarka sub-city and 268 km south of Chandigarh, the State Capital. Over the past 25 years the city has undergone rapid development and construction. The District is one of Delhi's major satellite cities and is part of the National Capital Region. It is within commuting distance of Delhi via an expressway and Delhi Metr o. The District is the second largest city in the Indian State of Haryana and is the t he industrial and financial center of Haryana. It has the 3rd highest per capita income in India after Chandigarh and Mumbai. It is also the only Indian cit y to have successfully distributed electricity electricit y connections to all its households. It is also the IT hub & centre of various BPO companies. Gurugram district has witnessed a phenomenal growth in all spheres of developments, particularly in industry and urbanization. Today, Today, it has become a hub of multinational companies, industries giants, call centres, softwar e companies, shopping malls and skyscrapers. Gurugram is strategically located with i ts boundaries touching Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi. Its excellent connectivity with other state via Delhi-Jaipur – Delhi-Jaipur – Ahmedabad broad gauge rail link and NH 8, brings thousands of people to t o Gurugram for the purpose of work, travel and entertainment.
1. Location The site is proposed at St Thomas Marg, DLF Phase 5, Sector 53, Gurugram Haryana over a 10 acres of land.
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The yellow coloured part is the proposed site
2. Latitude and longitude of Gurugram 28.4595° N, 77.0266° E
3. Site information The site is located in Gurugram, sector 53 which is around 3 km from nearest metro station. It will take around 7 minutes from metro st ation to reach proposed site. Distance between airport and Natya Academy and cultural complex is 23 kms which will take around 27 minutes to reach Cultural Complex. Accessibility of buses and cab are easily available.
4. 5. 6. 7.
Site Photographs Site plan Dimension Site Shape and road Accessibility The site shape is irregular like a heptagon he ptagon with unequal angles which is spread over 10 acre of land. It is accessible to only one side only which is through the main road only which is 8 m wide.
8. Bye laws Total site area: 9.6 Acres Ground Coverage: 25 percent FAR: 1.5 Front setback: Rear Setback:
9. Site surrounding 10. Climate Zone 25 | P a g e
The climate found in gurugram is composite climate. Composite climate, except during the monsoon, is characterized by the dryness in air, a hot summer and a cold winter. The year may be broadly divided into four seasons, viz. winter, summer, monsoon and the post monsoon. The winter starts late in November and continues upto the beginning of March. The summer is from March till the end of June. The period from July to mid September is the south west monsoon season. Mid September to end of November constitutes the post monsoon period . a) Design Challenge
In composite climate the orientation of the buildings is prefer able in North-East & South-West Directions so, that the building receives less radiation from sun which help in lesser heat gain & reduce overall air conditioning requirement and thus saves energy.
Proper orientation should be undertaken which helps in receiving natural light and ventilation inside the building.
Orientation should in such a way that it receives maximum sunlight in winters and minimum in summers.
Courtyards are beneficial to allow maximum ventilation.
Jaalis can be designed on outer façade of the building helps in cooling, shading and ventilation.
11. Temperature
From about the beginning of March, temperatures begin to increase rapidly. While days are little hotter in May Ma y than in June, Nights are warmer in June than in Ma y. From April onwards, hot dust ‐ laden winds locally known as loo blows and weather is unpleasant.
Overheated Period – May, June and July Cold Period – November, December, January and February Air conditioning will be required the most from April to October. Air conditioning will not be required in the winter months from November to February.
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TEMERATURE GRAPH 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 JAN
FEB
MAR
MAX TEMP
APRIL
MAY
JUNE
JULY
COMFORT ZONE TEMP
AUG
SEP
OCT
COMFORT ZONE TEMP2
NOV
DEC
MIN TEMP
The most comfortable months with respect to human comfort are March, April, August and September.
12. Relative Humidity RH GRAPH 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 JAN
FEB
MARCH RH
APR
MAY
JUNE
JULY
COMFORTABLE RH 1
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
COMFORTABLE RH 2
The ideal relative humidity for health and comfort is about 40-50%. In the winter months, it may have to be lower than 40% RH to avoid condensation on the windows. Since, RH will be high in the months of July, August and September. Therefore, HVAC will be required to remove the excess humidity from the building.
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In colder climates, winter time humidity levels must be even lower — generally generally 3040% — to to prevent condensation on windows and other surfaces. The presence of high humidity during monsoon months is one of the reasons why place like Gurugram are grouped under under the composite and not hot and dry climate. a) Design Challenge Water body can be installed because water absorbs relatively large amount of radiation and allow evaporation that results in cooling. As, a result during day time areas around water body are generally cooler. Water evaporation has a cooling effect in surrounding. To reduce humidity and for ventilation, courtyards and corridors are beneficial in climate of Gurugram.
13. Rainfall
During the months January, February, March, November and December you will experience pleasant weather with a nice average temperature. Precipitation in this zone varies between 500 – 1300 mm per year. This region receives strong winds during monsoons from the south-east and dry cold winds from the north-east. In summer, the winds are hot and dusty. The sky is overcast and dull in the monsoon, clear in winter and frequently hazy in summer. Most rainfall is seen in July, August and September. The monsoon starts in late June and lasts until mid-September. a) Design Challenge During the months of July, august and September maximum rain water can be stored and harvested. High plinth is required to prevent rainwater from coming inside the building.
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a) Design challenge
Minimum slope required for water to run off is 1% (1/8" per 1'). Rainwater harvesting process can be installed so, t hat the rainwater can be stored s tored and used.
14. Sky Conditions
In the south ‐west during the monsoon season, heavily clouded or overcast skies generally prevail. The skies are mostly mostl y clear or lightly clouded during rest of the year. Therefore, the solar radiations will be minimum in July, August and September. Natural light will be there except for monsoon season. Shadow: on east side there is housing of 18 floor towers which kind of creat e shadow during 10am to 12pm. therefore, the access of natural sunlight will be after 11am due to housing towers on east side.
15.Wind and air movement
This wind rose diagram shows that wind blows from north west mostly and also, from west direction. Wind rarely blows from south west, south west and south and south east. Design Challenge: The building should be oriented in west north west and west direction to allow the maximum ventilation or circulation of natural air inside the Natya Academy and Cultural Complex.
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Wind rose diagram of Gurugram
Annual wind speed Graph
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16. Special Characteristics Characteristics
1) Vegetation Gurgaon’s natural vegetation is called a thorn forest, which forms a transition zone where dry deciduous forests shades into desert scrub ‐ a semi‐arid environment. Existing vegetation on site: Trees and shrubs like Phulai and kareel. The natural vegetation of Gurugram falls within the Northern Tropical Dr y Deciduous Forest (including Anogeissus (including Anogeissus pendula and Boswelliaf and Boswelliaf orest orest edaphic sub-types) and Northern Tropical Thorn Forest Forest types. Deciduous plants are useful. 2) Seismic Zone
The entire region of Gurgaon falls in high risk seismic zone IV making it vulnerable to earthquakes. Although no major earthquake has occurred in Gurgaon in recent years, yet tremors have been felt whenever there is an earthquake nearby. Design challenge: Since, the proposed site belongs to seismic zone z one 4 making it vulnerable to earthquakes. So, the building should be made earth quake resistant.
3)Soil Conditions Alluvial soil is found in gurugram. The alluvial soil is spread al l over the plains of north India. Alluviums are mainly loams, i.e. mixtures of sand and clay. New alluvial loams are very fertile. In the younger stage of the riverine plains, sandy soils are more common. While in the beds of the rivers, it consists generally of pure sands. These soils cannot retain water. ‘Zaid’ types of crops g grow row here, such as watermelons. Near the river mouths, the soil is usually clay. It retains water but does not allow al low root growth.
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Mostly available soil in India (about 43%) which covers an are a of 143 sq.km.
Widespread in northern plains and river valleys.
Humus, lime and organic matters are present.
Highly fertile.
They are depositional soil – soil – transported transported and deposited by rivers, streams etc.
Sand content decreases from west to east of the country.
Colour: Light Grey to Ash Grey.
Texture: Sandy to silty loam or clay.
Bearing capacity is 80kN/sqm to 160kN/sqm.
Raft Foundation is preferred for alluvial soil.
Solar Radiation
Annual Solar Radiation Graph
Solar Radiation is the energy radiated from the sun in the form of electromagnetic waves, UV light and infrared radiations.
Maximum radiations from sun occurs except in the monsoon months.
Use of Reflective surfaces for minimum heat gain.
Ground Water Table However, due to rapid urbanisation, constantly increasing water demand and inadequate rainwater harvesting harvesting systems, the city’s groundwater levels have declined at an alarming rate. It dropped by three metres from last year as per data from the district groundwater cell. A study conducted by the Centre for Science and Environment placed Gurgaon’s groundwater ground water table at 30 metres in 1995. In 2010, it dropped to 40 metres. As per the latest figures, the water table has dropped below 50 metres.
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Design Challenge: Since the water table is decreasing, rain water plant can be installed to use the rainwater.
