Python Lab.doc

RCS454: PYTHON LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING LAB Write a Python ro!ra" to: #

1. Demonstrate the working of ‘id’ and ‘type’ functions 2. To find all prime numbers within a given range. 3. To print ‘n terms of ibonacci series using iteration. !. To demonstrate use of slicing in string ". a. To add #ing# at the end of a given string $length should be at least 3%. &f the given string already ends with #ing# then add #ly# instead. &f the string length of the given string is less than 3' leave it unchanged. unchanged. (ample (tring ) #abc# # abc# *+pected ,esult ) #abcing# (ample (tring ) #string# # string# *+pected ,esult ) #stringly# b. To To get a string from a given string where all occurrences of its first char have been changed to #-#' e+cept the first char itself. . a. To compute the fre/uency of the words from the input. The output should output after sorting the key alphanumerically. b. 0rite a program that accepts a comma separated se/uence of words as input and prints the words in a commaseparated se/uence after sorting them alphabetically. . 0rite a program that accepts a se/uence of whitespace separated words as input and prints the words after removing all duplicate words and sorting them alphanumerically. . To demonstrate use of list 4 related functions 5. To demonstrate use of Dictionary4 related functions 16. To demonstrate use of tuple' set4 related functions 11. To implement stack using list 12. To implement /ueue using list 13. To read and write from a file 1!. To copy a file 1". To demonstrate working of classes and ob7ects 1. To demonstrate class method 4 static method 1. To demonstrate constructors 1. To demonstrate inheritance 15. To demonstrate aggregation8composition 26. To To create a small 9:& application for insert' update and delete in a table using ;racle as backend and front end for creating form The $a% e&eri"ent' e&eri"ent' (or thi' )o*r'e ha+e to en'*re en'*re that the (o$$o,in! )on)et' )on)et' o(

PYTHON

LANGUAGE are )o+ere- -*rin! $a% )$a''e': &nstalling onditions' ?oolean logic' logical operators= ranges= >ontrol statements) ifelse' loops $for' while%=

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(tring manipulations) subscript operator' inde+ing' slicing a string= other functions on strings) string module' strings and number system' format functions) converting strings to numbers and vice versa. ?inary' octal' he+adecimal numbers @ists' tuples' sets' and dictionaries) basic list operators' replacing' inserting' removing an element= searching and sorting lists= dictionary literals' adding and removing keys' accessing and replacing values= traversing dictionaries' Array in onnections' *+ecuting Hueries' calling procedure and functions' :sing 9:& to access Database. ;b7ect ;b7ect ;riente ;riented d oncept >oncept of ;;<) ;;<) Abstract Abstraction' ion' *ncapsula *ncapsulation tion'' &nherita &nheritance' nce' and
1. Iohn B. (ewart' ambridge :niversities
E/PERIMENT 0 OB1ECTI2E ) Demonstrate the working of ‘id’ and ‘type’ functions THEORY:#

The id$% function returns identity $uni/ue integer% of an ob7ect.















id$ob7ect%

As we can see the function accepts a single parameter and is used to return the identity of an ob7ect. Thi' i-entity ha' to %e *ni3*e an- )on'tant (or thi' o%e)t -*rin! the $i(eti"e Two Two ob7ects with nonoverlapping lifetimes may have the same id$% value. &f we relate this to >' then they are actually the memory address' here in














*+ample) print$#id of " N#'id$"%% N#'id$"%% aN" print$#id of a N#'id$a%% N#'id$a%% b N a print$#id of b N#'id$b%% N#'id$b%% c N ".6 print$#id of c N#'id$c%% N#'id$c%%

The 8tye9 (*n)tion:

QQQ type$1% Rtype #int#Q QQQ li N OP QQQ type$li% Rtype #list#Q QQQ import odbchelper QQQ type$odbchelper% Rtype #module#Q QQQ import types















type takes anything anything  and & mean anything anything  and returns returns its datatype. datatype. &ntegers' &ntegers' strings' strings' lists' dictionaries' tuples' functions' classes' modules' even types are acceptable. type can take a variable and return its datatype. type also works on modules. Kou can use the constants in the types module to compare types of ob7ects. This is what the info function does' do es' as you#ll see shortly. shortly. S&SA S&SA H:*(T&;() H:*(T &;() 1.0hat datatypes are used in UAre both the sameU E/PERIMENT #

To find all prime numbers within a given range. OB1ECTI2E: To THEORY)
A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 and having no positive divisor other than 1 and itself. or e+ample) 3' ' 11 etc are prime numbers. >omposite number) ;ther natural numbers that are not prime numbers are called composite numbers. or e+ample) !' ' 5 etc. are composite numbers. Cere is source code of the














for i in range$2'a882V1%)

if$aWiNN6%)

kNkV1

if$kRN6%)

print$a%

S&SA H:*(T&;() 1.0hy don’t we use semi colon in this programU 2.0hat are >omposite numbersU E/PERIMENT#; OB1ECTI2E:# To print ‘n terms of ibonacci series using iteration.

The ibonacci numbers are the numbers in the following integer se/uence. THEORY) THEORY) 6' 1' 1' 2' 3' "' ' 13' 21' 3!' ""' 5' 1!!' XX.. A ibonacci se/uence is the integer se/uence of 6' 1' 1' 2' 3' "' .... The first two terms are 6 and 1. All other terms are obtained by add ing the preceding two terms. This means to say the nth term is the sum of $n1%th and $n2%th term. &n mathematical terms' the se/uence n of ibonacci numbers is defined by the recurrence relation n N n1 V n2 with seed values 6 N 6 and 1 N 1 def fibonacci$n%) aN6

















b N temp V b return a 2I2A
1.0hat is the difference between iteration and recursionU 2.Cow looping techni/ue is different from ,ecursionU

E/PERIMENT 4

To demonstrate use of slicing in string. OB1ECTI2E ) To other programm programming ing languages languages'' it’s it’s possibl possiblee to access access indivi individual dual characte characters rs of THEORY) @ike other a string by using arraylike inde+ing synta+. &n this we can access each and every element of string through their inde+ number and the inde+ing starts from 6. in-e&=o'ition?) 

The positive inde+Gposition denotes the element from the starting$6% and the negative inde+ shows the inde+ from the end$1%.

*YAB<@* M A python program to illustrate slicing in strings

















S$i)in! (trings 0e 0e use the slice notation on strings. &n this e+ample' we omit the first inde+ to start at the beginning' and then consume four characters total. 0e 0e e+tract the first four letters. opy. 0ith slicing' we can copy se/uences like lists. 0e assign a new list variable to a slice with no specified start or stop values. (o the slice copies the entire list and returns it. To e+tract substring from the whole string then then we use the synta+ like stringGnameObeginning) end ) stepP

o end denotes the end inde+ of string which is not inclusive o steps denotes the distance between the two words. o beginning represents the starting inde+ of string 2I2A
1.Are (trings immutableU*+plain. 2.0hat are the ways to create a stringU

E/PERIMENT#5

;?I*>T&S*)

















def addGstring$str1%) length N len$str1% if length Q 2) if str1O3)P NN #ing#) str1 VN #ly# else) str1 VN #ing# return str1 print$addGstring$#ab#%% print$addGstring$#abc#%% print$addGstring$#string#%% print$addGstring$#string#%%

b.;D*) def changeGchar$str1%) char N str1O6P length N len$str1% str1 N str1.replace$char' str1.replace$char' #-#% str1 N char V str1O1)P

















E/PERIMENT# OB1ECTI2E:# .To compute the input. The fre/uency of the words from the output should output after sorting a.To the key alphanumerically. alphanumerically. b. 0rite 0rite a program that accepts a comma separated se/uence of words as input and prints the words in a commaseparated co mmaseparated se/uence after sorting them alphabetically. a.
def wordGcount$str%) counts N dict$% words N str.split$% for word in words) if word in counts) countsOwordP VN 1 else) countsOwordP N 1 return counts print$ wordGcount$#the /uick brown fo+ 7umps over the laFy dog.#%%

b. items N input$L&nput comma separated se/uence of wordsL% words N Oword for word in items.split$L'L%P print$L'L.7oin$sorted$list$set$words%%%% print$L'L.7oin$sorted$list$set$words%%%%%%

2I2A
















hello world and practice makes perfect and hello world again Then' the output should be) again and hello makes perfect p erfect practice world Cints) &n case of input data being supplied to the /uestion' it should be assumed to be a console input. 0e use set container to remove duplicated data automatically and then use sorted$% to sort the data. (olution) s N rawGinput$% words N Oword for word in s.split$L L%P print L L.7oin$sorted$list$set$words%%%% L.7oin$sorted$list$set$words%%%% MM MM

2I2A
1.0hat is Dynamic programmingU 2 Bention what are the rules for local and global variables in


















fish N O#barracuda# O#barracuda#''#cod# #cod#''#devil ray#' ray# '#eel# #eel#PP

This list is comprised of ! string items' and their inde+ numbers range from #barracuda# at 6 to #eel# at inde+ 3. 0e 7ust got a new fish into the a/uarium today' and we would like to add that fish to our list. 0e’ll pass the string of our new fish type' #flounder# into the list.append$% method' and then print out our modified list to confirm that the item was added. fish.append$#flounder# fish.append$#flounder#%% print$fish% ;utput O#barracuda#' #cod#' #devil ray#' #eel#' #flounder#P ow' ow' we have a list of " string items that ends with the item we passed to to the .append$% function.

Li'tin'ert67 The list.insert$i'+% method takes two arguments' with i being the inde+ position you would like to add an item to' and + being the item itself. ;ur a/uarium ac/uired another new fish' an anchovy. Kou may have noticed that so far the list fish is in alphabetical order. ?ecause of this' we don’t want to 7ust add the string #anchovy# to

















;ur a/uarium is welcoming four new fish from another a/uarium that is closing. 0e 0e have these fish together in the list more_fish) moreGfish N O#goby# O #goby#''#herring# #herring#''#ide# #ide#''#kissing gourami#P gourami#P

0e’ll now add the items from the list more_fish to the list fish and print the list to ensure that the second list was incorporated) fish.e+tend$moreGfish% print$fish%

$i'tre"o+e67 0hen we need to remove an item from a list' we’ll use the list.remove$+% method which removes the first item in a list whose value is e/uivalent to +. A group of local research scientists have come to visit the a/uarium. They are doing research on the kissing gourami species of fish. They have re/uested for us to loan our kissing gourami to them' so we’d like to remove the 'kissing gourami' item from the list to reflect this change)

















EXPERIME EXP ERIMENT-9 NT-9

OBJECTIVE:- How How To Deter D etermine mine The Size Of Your List in Python Pyth on

TC*;,K)
Ho, to )reate a -i)tionary >reating a dictionary is as simple as placing items inside curly braces [\ separated by comma. An item has a key and the corresponding value e+pressed as a pair' key) value. 0hilee va 0hil valu lues es can be of an any y da data ta ty type pe and ca can n re repe peat at'' ke keys ys mu must st be of im immu muta tabl blee ty type pe $string'number or tuple with immutable elements% and must be uni/ue. M empty dictionary

















0hile inde+ing is used with other container types to access values' dictionary uses keys. Jey can be used either inside s/uare brackets or with the get() method. The difference while using get() is that it returns None instead of KeyError' if the key is not found.
M ;utput) Iack print$myGdictO#name#P%

M ;utput) 2 print$myGdict.get$#age#%%

















M update value myGdictO#age#P N 2

M;utput) [#age#) 2' #name#) #Iack#\ print$myGdict%

M add item myGdictO#address#P N #Downtown#

M ;utput) [#address#) #Downtown#' #age#) 2' #name#) #Iack#\



















s$%ares & '(:() *:+) ,:9) +:() .:*./

0 remove a 1art!%lar tem 0 O%t1%t: ( 1rnt2s$%ares31o12 1rnt2s$% ares31o12+44 +44

0 O%t1%t: '(: () *: +) ,: 9) .: *./ 1rnt2s$%ares4 1rnt2s$% ares4

















0 delete t8e d!tonar" tself del s$%ares

0 T8rows Error 0 1rnt2s$%ares4

VIV ;E
1.What is Dictionary?

















M tuple having integers M ;utput) $1' 2' 3% myGtuple N $1' 2' 3% print$myGtuple%

M tuple with mi+ed datatypes M ;utput) $1' LCelloL' 3.!%

















M tuple unpacking is also possible M ;utput) M3 M !. M dog a' b' c N myGtuple

















M inde+ must be in range M &f you uncomment line 1!' M you will get an error. M &nde+*rror) list inde+ out of range

Mprint$myGtupleOP%

M inde+ must be an integer



















*3 >eletn? a T%1le

Deleting a tuple entirely is possible using the keyword del.

















THEORY (tack is a linear data structure which follows a particular order in which the operations are performed. The order may be @&;$@ast &n irst ;ut% ;ut% or &@;$irst &n @ast ;ut%. ;ut%. Bainly the following three basic operations are performed in the stack)

















2I2A
















Te&t (i$e': &n this type of file' *ach line of te+t is terminated with a special character

















There are two ways to write in a file. 1.

,rite67 : &nserts the string str1 in a single line in the te+t file.

ileGob7ect. write $str1%



































































































































































Python Lab.doc

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