The APA + AERA standards for psychological testing
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Psychological Testing
Presented by: Priti Chauhan MBAIII 88
• What is testing? • Why do we have so many tests? • What are the pros and cons to testing? • How can we use testing to improve . . .? • What types of tests do we take?
Psychological Testing • A psychological test is a standardized measurebehavior of a sample of a person’s that is used to measure the individual differences that exist among people.
Types of Psychological Testing • There are two types of Psychological tests. – Mental Ability tests – Personality tests
Why use tests? • Psychological tests are used in research, however, most serve a practical purpose.
Mental Ability Tests • Includes three subcategories. – Intelligence tests – Aptitude tests – Achievement tests
Intelligence tests • Measure general mental abilities. They are intended to measure intellectual potential.
Examples •
WOLF is to FLOW as 8526 is to: 2856 - 6258 - 5862 - 5682 - 6852
Examples •
What would be the next number in this series? 15 ... 12 ... 13 ... 10 ... 11 ... 8 ... ?
Aptitude tests • Assess talent for specific kinds of learning..)
Achievement tests • Gauge a person’s mastery and knowledge of various subjects
Examples • Who was the 3rd President of the India? • What is 5x6 divided by 2?
Personality Tests • Measure aspects of personality, including motives, interests, values, and attitudes.
Examples • Do you become upset when. . ? • Do you feel like you lose control when. .? • Are you happy when . . ?
Test Design • In order for a test to be accurate, it must meet the three standards below. – Standardization – Validity – Reliability
Standardization • Standardization refers to the uniform procedures used in administrating and scoring a test. • Test norms: information used to rank scores in relation to other scores on the test. • E.g. IQ tests
Validity • Examples
• What do you mean by introspection? • Birth place of psychology? • Who gave the concept of id , ego and super ego?
• Refers to the ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure.
Reliability • Reliability refers to the measurement consistency of a test (or other techniques).
•
Example
• You take a personality test and are scored as “assertive”. Three weeks later you take the same test and are scored as “passive”. A drastic change is probably a result of an unreliable test.
Testing Reliability Test-retest – Comparing subjects’ofscores two administrations a test.on Correlation Coefficient – A numerical index of the degree of relationship (-1, +1)
Limitations of Psychological Testing • Uncritical Use • Rejection of Qualified
• Ethical Issues – Test Users –
Candidates • Faking • Attitudes Toward Testing
Test Security – Test Interpretation – Test Publication
• Privacy Issues – What can and should be asked?
Think! • Why do we have so many tests? • How . . .? can we use testing to improve • How does psychological testing apply to school, careers, sports, etc?
